The Pinpoint of Adriatic Sea by Sahachai Kumalwisai

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA DESIGNED BY SAHACHAI KUMALWISAI

The Pinpoint of Adriatic Sea presents architectural repurposed strategies to renovate the oil platforms, ‘Cervia A’ and ‘Cervia B’, to be a tourist welcome port, a marine museum, and administratives residential units based on the key concept of ‘Sustainable Ecotourism’.

MANCHESTER SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE

CONTENTS 01 - INTRODUCTION PROGRAMME OUTLINE KEY OBJECTIVE LOCATION

02 - SITE ANALYSIS RAVENNA POTENTIALS ADRIATIC FERRY NETWORK

03 - RESEARCHES ARCHITECTURE X WATER ARTIFICIAL ISLAND COHABITATION STRUCTURE

04 - DESIGN PROCESS SUSTAINABLE ECOTOURISM FUNCTION DIAGRAM THE IMPLEMENTATION OF URBAN CHARACTERISTIC FROM RAVENNA THE CONCEPT OF MAIN ACCESS CONCEPTUAL SECTION

05 - THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA 06 - THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT 07 - BIBLIOGRAPHY

INTRODUCTION

A few decades ago, over 8000 oil and oil-gas platfroms around the world have gradually been dismantled to free the seas from the strong pollution they cause. However, One of the biggest problems caused by the dismantling of these structures is the costs. Recent studies have validated that a re-use and redevelopment are much cheaper than a completely new construction. It is partly even more economical in reference to the resale of disassembled parts. So, why do not we repurpose derelict oil platform? The pinpoint of Adriatic Sea is based on the competition named 'Proximity Island' to reuse Ravenna's oil rigs dismissed from original function. Firstly, it will show the site analysis (in-land and offshore) and approaching researches which will be able to meet key requirements and explore potentials. Then, these will be integrated to draw a design strategy, 'Sustainable Ecotourism'. Secondly, The Pinpoint of Adriatic Sea will present a platform renovation following the design strategy. Environmental approach will depict an implementation of natural resources as renewable energy. Finally, the conclusion of this proposal will demonstrate a local and global impact as a result of repurposing oil platforms. Moreover, this demonstration can be globally developed as future design strategies.

SAHACHAI KUMALWISAI

PROGRAMME OUTLINE

LOCATION

The programme outline is to repurpose oil platforms to be marine port, museum of water, and housing for 60 residents (artist, marine researchers, and museum administrators).

The location of this project is offshore platforms, which is about 20 km. from Ravennna, named 'Cervia A' and 'Cervia B'. The existing platforms are 30.48 m. by 30.48 m., which 'Cervia A' is 3-storey platforms while 'Cervia B' is 2 storeys.

MUSEUM

HOUSING

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MARINE PORT

KEY OBJECTIVES There are 4 key objectives which participant needs to approach, 1. the exploration of the new relationship between architecture and water, 2. the exploration of oil rigs' potential as development of artificial island, 3. programme management within diverse functions and limited space, and 4. the understanding and utilization of structural qualities of oil rigs.

LOCATION

ARCHITECTURE X WATER

ARTIFICIAL ISLAND

COHABITATION

STRUCTURE

EXISTING PLATFORMS 04

SITE ANALYSIS

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

RAVENNA POTENTIALS The site analysis has researched the city of Ravenna and the location of the offshore platforms to evaluate the potential of the site. The research in Ravenna demonstrates the tourism potential of the city. In 2016, Ravenna was listed to be rank 4 of the number of tourist arrivals in Emilia-Romagna area, Italy, by Municipality. The announcement of UNESCO improves the tourism of Ravenna where is the early Christian site of valuable mosaics and statues. Similarly, Candiano canal, where was constructed in the early 18th century, narrates the history of aquatic living in Ravenna that promotes the tourism. Moreover, Ravenna beach and fisherman village are well-known as tourist destination in summer. These could evidence that this city will have tourist throughout the year. Therefore, Ravenna potentials can be implemented with the offshore platfroms to promote tourism for the museum of water as a tourist destination of the city.

THE EARLY CHRISTIAN SITE

NUMBER OF TOURIST ARRIVALS IN EMILIA-ROMAGNA IN ITALY IN 2016

CANDIANO CANAL

BEACH AND FISHERMAN VILLAGE

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ADRIATIC FERRY NETWORK

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Adriatic Sea has been researched to explore the potential of the offshore platforms. The location of the platforms is at the middle of the ferry passageway that represents the relationship between surrounding tourist movement and the site. So, this can be confirmed that ferry will be the main transportation to the platforms. Moreover, the central location of ferry network will benefit the tourism of Adriatic Sea. The site has a potential to offer 1-day trip tour from city to city via the platforms. Therefore, the potential of Adriatic ferry network can be implemented as 1-day trip to travel with hop-on and hop-off ferry to the offshore platforms and other destinations.

ADRIATIC FERRY NETWORK

RESEARCHES

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

ARCHITECTURE X WATER LIFESTYLE

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES

FOLK WISDOM

LOCAL PRODUCT

CAN BE REFLECT ON

These researches present the approaches to the key objectives of the competition. From the research of Ravenna, the fisherman village inspires to understand the relationship between architecture and water. This village represents itself as a mirror to reflect a culture of aquatic living. The local aquatic cultures (lifestyle, the implementation of natural resources, folk wisdom, and local product) of Ravenna demonstrate the value of the city and local. So, these can be shined on the offshore city as a new relationship between architecture and water.

THE PLATFORMS

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ARTIFICIAL ISLAND The research of oil rig found the approach to 'Artificial Island' objective. Eureka oil rig in California, the U.S., demonstrates the potential of industrial structure which can preserve marine ecology. The below-sea-level foundation houses itself to be coral reef. Thus, the persistency of the offshore industrial structure in Ravenna can be designed to restore marine ecology.

COHABITATION

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

Traditional Roman housing and the case study of 13 sq.m. housing unit in Poland will be the approach for 'Cohabitation' objective. The integration of zonings between public and private space in small area can be implemented and prototyped to design a housing unit for 3 residents, regarding to the completition's requirement. Moreover, the urban principle from the research of 'Delirious New York' will inspire to design the housing unit. 'A city with in a city' from Rem Koolhaas will question the reproduction of Ravenna on this artificial island. The question is to create offshore city to be 'Vertical city' with a clear boundary between green space and living space or 'Horizontal city' without the boundary.

TRADITIONAL ROMAN HOUSING

VERTICAL CITY

HORIZONTAL CITY 13 SQ.M. HOUSE

SAHACHAI KUMALWISAI

ADD ON

TAKE OFF

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EXISTING

REARRANGE

STRUCTURE The research of oil rig structure found that the oil rig represents itself as a industrial culture, modular system. The existing structure can be added on, taken off, or rearranged flexibly. So, these will be implemented to the project by the dismentlement and reassembly of the existing structure. Therefore, these researches will draw a way to repurpose the offshore platforms and meet the key objectives of the competition.

DESIGN PROCESS

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

SUSTAINABLE ECOTOURISM The site analysis and the approaches to the key objectives have been researched to draw a key concept. The potentials of the site and the researches of the key objectives are integrated to be ‘Sustainable Ecotourism’ to repurpose the offshore platforms. Ravenna tourism potential will restore marine ecology at the oil platforms in Adriatic sea which will create coral reef eco tour as a new tourist attraction in order to promote and improve the sea for Ravenna tourism. Therefore, ‘Sustainable Ecotourism’ concept will repurpose the offshore platforms to be a tourist destination at the middle of Adriatic Sea.

RESTORING MARINE ECOLOGY

TOURISM POTENTIAL

SUSTAINABLE ECOTOURISM

CREATING NEW TOURIST DESTINATION

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FUNCTION DIAGRAM

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Function diagram has been experimented following a key concept, â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Sustainable Ecotourismâ&#x20AC;&#x2DC;. Main functions and support functions are prepared following the competition requirement. The experiment results that the circulation will be divided into two routes, residential and museum. Visitor and resident will get entrance through the port from helicopter, ferry, and submarine at the main port. Then, the visitor will travel following the museum route, while, local will take residential route. Both routes will be crossed at eatery as semi-public function. These two zonings will be connected by service unit to maintain the platforms as a back of house. So, this function diagram will be plotted on the offshore platforms to create a tourist destination in Adriatic Sea.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF URBAN CHARACTERISTICS FROM RAVENNA

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

From the function diagram, then, the next question is How to plot the functions to the offshore platforms? The urban characteristic from Ravenna will be implemented to be a strategy in order to plot the functions. The urban languages and spaces from two main plazas have been translated. Plaza, arcade, landmark, and street have been analyzed as key activities to implement with the offshore platforms. The urban characteristics from these two plazas have been protoyped their circulations to plot on the offshore platforms. Then, the planning have been adjusted along the grid to do less tounching the existing structure.

PLAZA

ARCADE

LANDMARK

STREET

PLAZA

ARCADE

LANDMARK

STREET KEY ACTIVITIES

PIAZZA XX SETTEMBRE AND PIAZZA CADUTI PER LA LIBERTA

MEET

TRADE

EAT

TRAVEL

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PIAZZA CADUTI PER LA LIBERTA

ON SITE PLOTTING

ADJUSTING WITH THE EXISTING GRID

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PIAZZA XX SETTEMBRE

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

THE CONCEPT OF MAIN ACCESS Ferry is set as the main transportation of this project according to the study of Adriatic ferry network. The study of ferry found that the height of docking deck is about 5m. above sea level. This can be implemented with the existing platforms where the 1st floor level is elevated at 5m. above sea level to create ferry port. On the empty space on sea. The enclosure of the existing platforms originates spaces to welcome ferry. The linear line at the middle connects the welcoming spaces which creates anchoring point. Therefore, these will be the concept of main access to locate main port on the 1st floor at the central line of the platforms.

1st FLOOR: ENTRANCE LEVEL SEA LEVEL

ENTRANCE DECK ABOUT 5 m. ABOVE SEA LEVEL THE PLATFORMS

FERRY

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CONCEPTUAL SECTION PRIVATE

PUBLIC

SEMI-PRIVATE/ PUBLIC

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The integration of function diagram, the implementation of urban characteristics from Ravenna, and the concept of main access result as a conceptual section to begin the design of the project. The zoning of function has been represented by the section. On the left is residential platform with housing unit on the top floor which supply floor is located underneath to serve housing and linked to eatery on museum platform. 1st floor level is semi-public area which resident will work in marine laboratory and exhibition studio to produce exhibition for the museum that tourist can have exhibition production tour. On the right is museum platform with museum entrance instead to welcome tourists to take exhibition tour. The exhibition story is 'From imagination to reality'. The route will be going down to underwater, then take lift to rooftop which is prepared to be eatery and restaurant for visitor and resident. Therefore, these are the strategy to begin repurposing the existing platforms in Ravenna to be a tourist destination of Adratic Sea as The pinpoint of Adriatic Sea.

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

The comprehensive plan of the pinpoint of Adriatic Sea demonstrates the connection between surrounding port in the upper Adriatic Sea and the site. The urban movement from in-land to offshore is represented throughout the ferry network.

COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 25

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VIEW FROM BOAT 26

VIEW FROM SUBMARINE PORT

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

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MANCHESTER SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE

VIEW FROM HELICOPTER 28

1st floor plan is designed to be the main port to welcome tourist. Museum of water is on the right of the platforms with the exhibition theme 'From imagination to reality'. The preservation of marine ecology is exhibited on the platforms’ foundation as ‘reality’. On the left is a marine laboratory and exhibition studio , which tourist can have studio tour to create the interaction between resident and visitor. The urban characteristic, ‘arcade’, is implemented on both platforms to promote the interaction between private and public area.

“ARCADE”

1' 9

2' C

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

A 3' 4' 7

5 1

2 B

C 2

FUNCTION 1. EXHIBITION STUDIO 2. ARCADE 3. TOILET 4. STORAGE 5. TOURIST RECEPTION 6. MARINE LABORATORY 7. FERRY PORT 8. TOURIST RECEPTION 9. STORAGE 10. TOILET 11. ARCADE 12. EXHIBITION ROOM

A 29

AREA 285.95 sq. m. 62.68 sq. m. 5.95 sq. m. 2.05 sq. m. 38.51 sq. m. 161.23 sq. m. 123.18 sq. m. 161.23 sq. m. 2.05 sq. m. 5.95 sq. m. 62.68 sq. m. 345.60 sq. m.

1st FLOOR PLAN

SAHACHAI KUMALWISAI Fish net and seaweed farm, from Ravenna, are implemented representing a culture of aquatic living to supply food in order to survive at the middle of the sea. Moreover, the early christian tower is translated from Ravenna to be 360 tower to connect the sky and sea of Adriatic Sea to visitor for enjoying the panoramic view. So, the sense of Ravenna will be promoted on the offshore derelict industrial architecture as a proximity island.

SEAWEED FARM SEAWEED FARM

360 TOWER FISH NET

FISH NET

THE THEME OF EXHIBITION MANCHESTER SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE

IMAGINATION

FISH NET FISH NET

FISH NET

REALITY

FISH NET

RESIDENTIAL ROUTE

MUSEUM ROUTE

SEAWEED FARM SEAWEED FARM

1st FLOOR AXONOMETRIC 30

VIEW FROM FERRY PORT

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

SAHACHAI KUMALWISAI

MANCHESTER SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE

VIEW FROM MUSEUM ARCADE AND EXHIBITION ENTRANCE

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

Paint, sculpture, and marine research, which are produced on the platforms, are exhibited at the exhibition room on 1st floor as ‘Imagination’ exhibition.

VIEW FROM EXHIBITION ROOM

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MANCHESTER SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE

VIEW FROM EXHIBITION ROOM

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

Coral reef, which is preserved on the offshore platforms’ foundation, is exhibited at underwater exhibition room as ‘Reality’ exhibition.

VIEW FROM UNDERWATER EXHIBITION ROOM

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MANCHESTER SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE

VIEW FROM EXHIBITION STUDIO AND LABORATORY ARCADE

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

Fish tanks are located in the marine laboratory to collect fishes and corals in order to research marine biodiversity and publish as exhibition at the museum.

VIEW FROM MARINE LABORATORY

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MANCHESTER SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE

VIEW FROM EXHIBITION STUDIO

Supply area is located on the 2nd floor of residential platform to make an easy access for inhabitant, which also connects to eatery on museum rooftop. The urban characteristic, 'piazza', is implemented to circulate people around the open-to-below space in order to interact from floor to floor.

“PIAZZA” OR “PLAZA”

10 12

C THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

A 11

2 B

FUNCTION 1. ELECTRICAL ROOM 2. HOUSING 1 RECEPTION 3. WATER MECHANICAL ROOM 4. TOILET 5. STORAGE 6. MAINTENANCE OFFICE 7. FOOD STORAGE 8. EATERY 9. STORAGE 10. TOILET 11. GARDEN 1 12. GARDEN 2 13. GARDEN 3 14. RESTAURANT

7 2

A 39

AREA 104.75 sq. m. 24.52 sq. m. 60.81 sq. m. 5.95 sq. m. 2.05 sq. m. 41.86 sq. m. 171.34 sq. m. 178.80 sq. m. 2.05 sq. m. 5.95 sq. m. 93.01 sq. m. 95.85 sq. m. 43.66 sq. m. 111.32 sq. m.

2nd FLOOR PLAN

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MANCHESTER SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE

RESIDENTIAL ROUTE

MUSEUM ROUTE

2nd FLOOR AXONOMETRIC 40

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

This view highlights the ‘piazza’ space to present the interaction between visitor and resident from floor to floor.

VIEW FROM SUPPLY FLOOR

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MANCHESTER SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE

Eatery rooftop is mainly designed to be green space for leisure activities, especially picnic. Visitor and resident can implement the space to eat and enjoy the panoramic view of Adriatic Sea.

VIEW FROM EATERY

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA The urban principle, ‘Horizontal city’, from delirious New York is represented by this scene. The harmony of architecture and green space seems to promote the platforms to be livable city.

VIEW FROM MUSEUM ROOFTOP

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MANCHESTER SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE Shipping containers are adapted to be an architectural element in order to represent the industrial culture of marine shipping

VIEW FROM THE OUTSIDE OF THE RESIDENTIAL PLATFORM

Housing units are located on residential platform. Religious space is prepared on the top right to provide a space for religious activities. Green spaces are utilized to be corn farms and recreational spaces to create new lifestyle at the middle of the sea. The main circulation is also inspired by the 'piazza' to create the interaction between floor to floor.

“PIAZZA” OR “PLAZA”

C THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

9 3

1 8

6 4

FUNCTION 1. CORN FARM 1 2. HOUSING 2 RECEPTION 3. GARDEN 1 4. GARDEN 2 5. GARDEN 3 5. HOUSING 3 RECEPTION 6. GARDEN 4 7. CORN FARM 2 8. RELIGIOUS SPACE 9. SOLAR FARM ON EATERY ROOFTOP

AREA 54.24 sq. m. 24.52 sq. m. 33.65 sq. m. 36.70 sq. m. 32.34 sq. m. 24.52 sq. m. 58.14 sq. m. 46.22 sq. m. 118.08 sq. m. 167.41 sq. m.

3rd FLOOR PLAN 45

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MANCHESTER SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE

FUNCTION 1. HOUSING 4

4th FLOOR PLAN

N 46

Solar panel is set at eatery roof and shipping container rooftop to be solar farm generates energy for these offshore platforms. Similarly, wind turbine is utilized to implement sea breeze.

SOLAR FARM

WIND TURBINE

SOLAR FARM

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

WIND TURBINE

SOLAR FARM

WIND TURBINE

SOLAR FARM

RESIDENTIAL ROUTE

3rd FLOOR and 4th FLOOR AXONOMETRIC 47

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VIEW FROM GARDEN TO RELIGIOUS SPACE

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Religious space is designed with vertical element to create a sense of religious place where architecture connects to spiritual resource, especially the sky.

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

Housing reception is designed to link with green space. The interaction with outdoor activity promotes urban sense on the residential platform.

VIEW FROM HOUSING 2 RECEPTION

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HOUSING UNIT 12 Shipping containers are implemented to create housing units for 64 inhabitants. A 40foot container is divided to be two housing units and designed following the case of 13 sq.m. polish housing unit.

AXONOMETRIC

HOUSING UNIT SECTION 50

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PLAN

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

Section A highlights the arcade space on residential platform which presents the interaction between visitor and resident from floor to floor. A staircase and two passenger lifts are the main circulation.

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MANCHESTER SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE

The exhibition tour is demonstrated by section B that the story of ‘Imagination’ exhibition on 1st floor guides and prepares the visitor to feel the ‘Reality’ at the underwater exhibition room. The movement is also circulated vertically by a staircase and two passenger lifts. 360 tower is designed to be a landmark on the platforms to impress the sky, sea, and breeze of Adriatic Sea.

THE PINPOINT OF ADRIATIC SEA

SAHACHAI KUMALWISAI

ENVIRONMENTAL APPROACH The environmental concern of this project has been approached through the renewable energy. Solar energy, wind energy, and tidal energy have been implemented as natural resources reflecting a culture of aquatic living.

SOLAR ENERGY

WIND ENERGY

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TIDAL ENERGY

THE PLATFORMS

RENEWABLE ENERGY

SELF POWER GENERATING PLATFORMS

THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT

SAHACHAI KUMALWISAI In conclusion, this 'Sustainable Ecotourism' from repurposing the oil platforms will preserve marine ecology in the upper Adriatic Sea which can be implemented globally to all offshore rigs. As known that many species of carols and fishes are being extincted as a result of global pollution and climate change. Therefore, this project can be altered to sustain global environment which will be a prototype for the future development of derelict oil platform.

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CAN BE IMPLEMENTED TO 56

BIBLIOGRAPHY Adriatic Sea Forum. (2019) Tourism Report 2019. [Online] [Accessed on 30 January 2020] http://www.adriaticseaforum.com/astr/ Dezeen. (2015) Szymon Hanczar crams his entire city home into 13 square metres. [Online] [Accessed on 21 May 2020] https://www.dezeen.com/2015/07/18/szymon-hanczar-13-square-metre-micro-apartment-wroclaw-poland/ Koolhaas, R. (2014) Delirious New York: a retroactive manifesto for Manhattan. The Monacelli Press, LLC. Natural History Photography Blog. (2013) Scuba diving beneath oil rigs Eureka, Ellen and Elly in Long Beach, California. [Online] [Accessed on 30 January 2020] https://www.oceanlight.com/log/scuba-diving-beneath-oil-rigs-eureka-ellen-and-elly-in-long-beach-california.html Statista. (2018) Number of offshore rigs worldwide as of January 2018 by region. [Online] [17 June 2020] https://www.statista.com/statistics/279100/number-of-offshore-rigs-worldwide-by-region/ Statista. (2016) Number of tourist arrivals in Emilia-Romagna in Italy in 2016 by Municipality. [Online] [Accessed on 30 January 2020] https://www.statista.com/statistics/781718/tourist-arrivals-in-emilia-romagna-in-italy/ Sygic. (2019) Travel: Candiano Canal. [Online] [Accessed on 30 January 2020] https://travel.sygic.com/en/poi/candiano-canal-poi:25600880 UNESCO. (1996) Early Christian Monuments of Ravenna. [Online] [Accessed on 30 January 2020] https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/788/ UNI. (2019) Competition: Proximity Island. [Online] [Accessed on 30 January 2020] https://uni.xyz/competitions/proximity-island/info/about?utm_medium=website&utm_source=archdaily.com