CONCLUSION

The landscape is the basket that carries stories of love, trauma, displacement, and resilience. If we can uncover and listen to the tales the land and its inhabitants tell us, empathy moves to the forefront. The land reflects the political powers that put barriers on it, stopping the movement of people, flora, and fauna. But the land also speaks for itself, it continues to evolve in the face of an ever-changing climate, both politically and environmentally. The profound healing of the wounds of war and trauma will not come from political leaders.

This conflict is complex, deep rooted, and emotional. This project is my own. While I do my best to share the perspectives contrary to the narrative I grew up with, I cannot cover it all. Both Israelis and Palestinians deserve the right to express and receive love. Anyone who tells you that one must come at the expense of another, is not a human rights activist.

End Matter

Definitions

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Al-Nakba = ‘the Catastrophe’ = The Nakba was the max expulsion and exodus of over 750,000 Palestinians during the 1948 war that followed the declaration of Israel’s independence.

Annex = the forcible acquisition of territory or proclaiming sovereignty over a territory by another state, usually following war or conquest.

Antisemitism = prejudice toward, hostility to, or discrimination against Jewish people.

Balfour Declaration = the public statement issued in 1917 by the British government that announced their support for the establishment of a national home for the Jewish people in Palestine.

Bar Mitzvah/Bat Mitzvah = “son/daughter of the commandment” = the Jewish coming-of-age ritual in which Jewish children (at age 12 or 13) read from the Torah (Hebrew Bible) for the first time and become accountable to themselves and the laws of Judaism.

Checkpoint = barrier most often manned by the military that controls which travelers are permitted entrance or exit to a place.

Diaspora = the dispersion or spread of a group of people from their original homeland.

Dunam = the Ottoman unit of area equivalent to the acre, representing the amount of land that could be ploughed by a team of oxen in one day.

Eretz (Eretz Israel) = Eretz means land in Hebrew. Many Jews refer to this land as Eretz Israel. It is well-known among the Jewish community that if one says the ‘Eretz’ they are referring to Israel.

Green Line = the demarcation line set out in the 1949 Armistice Agreements made between Israeli commander, Moshe Dayan and his Jordanian counterpart, Abdullah a-Tal. They met to mark out a ceasefire line to end the war. They used thick crayons and drew on a dirty table, making any lines they drew quite bumpy and irregular. These lines became the de-facto borders of Israel until the 1967 SixDay War.

Judea and Samaria = some refer to this land as being called Judea and Samaria prior to it being called Palestine or Israel. The region of Judea and Samaria are biblical names tied to the ancient Israelite kingdoms.

Kibbutz = a community in Israel traditionally based on agriculture, where folks live in accordance with a specific social contract based on mutual aid and democracy.

Intifada = “shaking off” = An intifada is a civil uprising and resistance movement involving both violent and nonviolent Palestinian demonstrations. There have been two large intifadas in Israel/ Palestine: the First Intifada was from 1987 – 1993, and the Second Intifada was from 2000 - 2005.

Islamophobia = prejudice toward, hostility to, or discrimination against Muslim people.

Israeli Settlements = refers to any of the communities built by Israeli Jews after the Six-Day War (in 1967) located primarily in the West Bank, but also in the Gaza Strip, the Golan Heights, and the Sinai Peninsula. These settlements are in violation of the Fourth Geneva Convention, which prohibits a country from transferring its population into occupied territory. Israel maintains that the settlements are not illegal because the West Bank was ‘not a country’ when they annexed it.

Mitzvah = literally translates to ‘commandment’ in Hebrew, but generally used to mean a ‘good deed.’

No-Man’s Land = No-Man’s Land is a sliver of land where the Israeli and Jordanian commander’s crayons didn’t overlap when drawing the armistice line of 1949 (The Green Line). The area between the two Green Lines drawn became called No-Man’s Land.

Oslo Accords = a Declaration of Principles signed by Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and Palestine Liberation Organization leader Mahmoud Abbas. The agreements included that the PLO would renounce terrorism and recognize Israel’s right to exist, that Israel would recognize the PLO as the representative body of the Palestinians, and that a Palestinian Authority would be established to govern the West Bank and Gaza for the next five years. Topics of borders, refugees and Jerusalem were unresolved. United States president Bill Clinton played a role in bringing these accords to the table and the leaders shook hands on national television on the White House lawn. Two years later, Yitzhak Rabin was assassinated by a right-wing extremist Israeli who opposed Rabin’s efforts making peace with Palestinians.

Qur’an = the central religious text of Islam. Muslim people believe the text is a transcription of God’s speech revealed by an angel to the Prophet Muhammad.

Saba = Hebrew for Grandfather.

Safta = Hebrew for Grandmother.

Separation Barrier = the wall built by Israel (somewhat following the Green Line) that divides Israel and the West Bank. Israelis describe the wall as being a security measure and Palestinians describe the wall as being an element of apartheid and segregation.

Shoah = Hebrew for “catastrophe” and is synonymous with the word Holocaust.

Torah = the central religious text of Judaism. Jewish people believe that the Torah was revealed to Moses by God on Mount Sinai.

Zionist Movement/Zionism = Jewish national movement that saw the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine/supports the self-determination of Jews in their ancestral homeland. Zionism is a nationalist movement created in reaction to increasing antisemitism in Europe. Anti-Zionists see the movement as colonial, racist, and exceptionalist.

Week 1

Collection

Collect stories of personal experiences in Israel/ Palestine from books, journals, and archives.

Week 2

Wall Analysis

Spatial data collection, mapping, understanding spatial and political context of the wall.

Weeks 3 - 5

Schematic Design

Testing peacebuilding strategies, translating peacebuilding into uses of planting, schematically organizing potential design elements.

Week 6

Midterm Review

Continue testing spatial program and create first set of drawings that should reflect a culturally specific style and method.

Week 7

Check Self

After receiving review feedback, reexamine work thus far and check for any possible culturally insensitive decisions and reconsider best approaches.

Week 8

Formal Design Stage

Move into critical design thinking using drawing as a thinking tool to flush out program elements.

Week 9

Silent Review

Create the first draft of drawing set with a semi-finalized design scheme.

Weeks 10 - 11

Details

Work on materiality, planting plan, and focus on ephemeral and sensorial qualities of all proposed designed spaces.

Week 12

Substantial Review

Create an 80% complete set of drawings that convey the narrative, intention, and scheme of the design.

Weeks 13 - 14

Revisions

Finesse designed elements and revise drawings based on feedback from substantial review.

Week 15

Final Graduate Project Review!

Present a full set of completed drawings.

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