Volume 58, #52 December 27, 2018

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PERMIT NO 585 SAN DIEGO, CA

“People Without a Voice Vol. Vol.58 57No. No.52 35 | | Thursday, Thursday December August 31, 27,2017 2018

Remembering those we lost in 2018

..

Cannot be Heard”

Serving San Serving DiegoSan County’s DiegoAfrican County’s & African African American & African Communities American 57 Communities Years 58 Years

– Starting Next Week

AMERICAN LEGION TOYS FOR KIDS – see page 8

NATIONAL BLACK CONTRACTORS ASSOCIATION

The WorldBeat Cultural Center Host

Calls for End To Exclusion of Blacks in Construction

RADY CHILDREN’S & N.L.O.B CELEBRATE CHRISTMAS ON ICER – see page 9

SHARON GONZALEZ BIRTHDAY BLAST – see page 10

Kwanzaa Celebrations

Push First

Federal

By Dr. John E. Warren Voice & Viewpoint Publisher

Lynching Bill

Starting Wednesday, December 26th the 38th Annual Celebrations of Kwanzaa will be held on a global scale. Kwanzaa is an African American holiday celebrated from December 26th to the first of January. The holiday has its roots in the black nationalist movement of the 1960’s, and was established as a means to help African Americans reconnect with “their African culture and heritage by uniting in meditation and study of African traditions and Nguzu Saba [the seven principles of African Heritage},” according to its founder, Dr. Ron Karenga.

Through U.S. Senate

Photography by: soulchristmas https://www.flickr.com/photos/soulofchristmascom/342794044

See KWANZAA page 2

CITY OF SAN DIEGO’S

Minimum Increases to $12  . 1

Photography by Mike Norris

  

“From 1882 to 1986, Congress failed to pass anti-lynching legislation when it had an opportunity 200 times. Today, by passing this bill we have offered some long overdue justice and recognition to the victims of lynching crimes,” said Senator Harris.

Increase Applies To All Industries And All Businesses Within The City Of San Diego

By Contributing Writer Newswire

Voice & Viewpoint

City of San Diego

On Tuesday Dec.18, 2018 the City of San Diego was under siege by the National Black Contractor Association through a work site job stoppage, for not hiring black contractors and excluding African Americans and Women workers. The job site shutdown was on the corner of 49th and Federal Blvd. in heart of 4th Council District, where there are more than 35% African Americans. The stoppage was for more than 4 hours, bring all work to a halt until the contractor Orion Construction Corporation had agreed to meet with the National Black Contractors Association and the community for a resolution.

SAN DIEGO – Effective Jan. 1, 2019, in accordance with the City of San Diego’s Earned Sick Leave and Minimum Wage Ordinance, employees who perform at least two hours of work in one or more calendar weeks of the year within the geographic boundaries of the City of San Diego will receive a minimum wage rate increase from $11.50 to $12.

The ordinance applies to all industries and businesses and there are no exemptions. Tips and gratuities do not count toward payment of minimum wage.

In accordance with the ordinance, updated notices for posting at the workplace are available on the City’s Minimum Wage Program’s webpage. Every employer must post these notices in a conspicuous place at any workplace or job site.

See WAGES page 2

See CONSTRUCTION page 2

From Slavery to Civil Rights and Environmental Racism The Legacy of the Transatlantic Slave Trade Continues The National Newspaper Publishers Association (NNPA) has launched a global news feature series on the history, contemporary realities and implications of the transatlantic slave trade. This is Part 8 in the series.

By Stacy M. Brown NNPA Newswire Correspondent

In addition to the millions of able-bodied individuals captured and transported, the death toll and the economic and environmental destruction resulting from wars and slave raids were Photography By NNPA

startlingly high. In the famines that followed military actions, the old and very young were often killed or left to starve.

See SLAVERY page 6

Senators Booker and Harris Speak on Senate Floor During Passage of Anti-Lynching Bill (Photo: Screencapture – YouTube)

By Lauren Victoria Burke NNPA Newswire Contributor

On December 19th, the U.S. Senate finally passed the first anti-lynching bill in history.

The bill, entitled the Justice for Victims of Lynching Act of 2018, was passed by a voice vote. Should it become law it would federally criminalize lynching, attempts to lynch and lynching conspiracies.

See LYNCHING page 2

ARTICLE CONTINUATION 2

Thursday, december 27, 2018 •

Kwanzaa: continued from page 1

Dr. Ron Karenga, the creator of Kwanzaa, said the holiday was not created to compete with Christmas or any other holiday. Kwanzaa is based on the agricultural celebrations of Africa called “the firstfruits” celebrations, which were times of harvest, reverence, commemoration and recommitment.

Lynching: continued from page 1

The legislation was introduced in June 2018 by the three African American members of the U.S. Senate: Senators Kamala Harris (D-Calif.), Tim Scott (R-SC) and Cory Booker (D-NJ).

Murder by mob rule and with no due process, typically by hanging, was at its height in America in the late 1800s after the end of the Civil War. The end of slavery in America with the signing by President Abraham Lincoln of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1865, was met with a backlash that sought to enforce white supremacy and intimidate newly freed blacks by way of racial terrorism.

Victims of lynching were often African Americans murdered at the

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The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint people who celebrate the holiday.

The concept is also found in the Old Testament of the Bible. The ritual which, goes along with the celebration, involves the lighting of a candle on each of the days of Kwanzaa representing one of the seven principles starting with Umoja (which is Unity), Kujichagulia (which is self determination), Ujima (Collective Work and Responsibility), Ujamaa (Cooperative Economics), and Nia (for purpose).

The WorldBeat Cultural Center here in San Diego will host a speaker and activities each of the days of the Kwanzaa Celebrations. Each day, the programs will start at 6:30 pm and admission is free for all events. The Center is located on park Blvd in downtown San Diego.

hands of white mobs who would gather and photograph the proceedings and often create postcards of the victims.

lynchings were recorded throughout the United States.”

that recognizes this stain on our country’s history,” he continued.

“HISTORIC NEWS: the anti-lynching bill I introduced with @CoryBooker & @SenatorTimScott just passed the Senate unanimously.

Congress has tried and failed nearly 200 times to make lynching a federal crime,” wrote Senator Kamala Harris from her twitter account on December 20.

“This bill will not undo the damage, the terror, and the violence that has been already done, nor will it bring back the lives that have been brutally taken,” Booker added.

There is no count of the number of murders by lynching in the U.S. The Tuskegee Institute has recorded 3,446 blacks and 1,297 whites being lynched between 1882 and 1968.

“A five-year study published in 2015 by the Equal Justice Initiative found that nearly 3,959 black men, women, and children were lynched in the twelve Southern states between 1877 and 1950,” according to Wikipedia.

In 2000, a visually jarring book of photography collected by James Allen entitled, “Without Sanctuary: Lynching Photography in America,” documented lynching in the U.S. with 145 photographs. The disturbing book noted that, “between 1882 and 1968, some 4,743

In addition to the WorldBeat Cultural Center, a number of Kwanzaa Celebrations are now held in local homes by the growing number of

“Today is an emotional and historic day,” wrote Sen. Booker in a statement on December 19.

“For over a century, members of Congress have attempted to pass some version of a bill that would recognize lynching for what it is: a bias-motivated act of terror. And for more than a century, and more than 200 attempts, this body has failed. Today, we have righted that wrong and taken corrective action

Construction: continued from page 1

The news of the protest traveled fast throughout the neighborhood of the Webster Community that had clearly seen that no African Americans or just one was working for over the past 8 months. Neighbors began to rally with the National Black Contractors Association, grabbing picket signs, getting into trenches and stopping company trucks. Protesters were exercising their 1st amendment rights under the constitution of the United States of America, to peaceably assemble to petition government with grievances.

This protect was to shed light on the city that is in direct conflict with its own Nondiscrimination Ordinance (Municipal Code§§ 22.2701-22.2708) 7.4.1.; which states that contractors shall not discriminate on the basis of race and gender and its awardees (contractors) agrees that violation of this clause shall be considered a material breach of the contract and may result in contract termination, debarment or other sanctions. The shame of it all is that the city of San Diego has a set—a-side program called Multiple Award Construction Contracts (MACC) awards, which in for FY 2018 was divided up between 5 prime contractors, who on-call as need for total value of $492,057,401.49, as a no bid awardees, who are known as Design-Builder.

The National Black Contractors Association calls some of these contractors the most egregious offenders, when it comes down to African Americans and Women hiring. The fact of the matter is many women are now the head of household and the bread winners; not just stay at home moms, who live in single family homes. “Woman needs the same opportunity as men, these companies are getting no bid contacts opportunities with a 100 to 400 workers and “no women” at all…this is based on their own company workforce reports, (see city of San Diego web site the sunshine act) with is open government. The African American fathers cannot even get a construction job in the community where he lives, let alone on city wide construction industry projects.

One would think that these 5 no bid contractors would be the model prime contractors, exceeding all expectations of diversity hiring and equal opportunity contracting, with gratitude to the tax payers. Which the National Black Contractors Association has pointed out that one of the contractors; T.C. Construction a Santee base company has a long history of exclusion of African Americans, women and black contractors. Although the city is told by these contractors who historically are the worst offenders that proposition 209 (a law that excludes by race and gender), give them free rings to hire who they want and do business with who they want, as long as they do

good faith (fake) efforts, even with no outcomes, and exclusion of black works over and over again. T.C. Construction’s Jan 2017 workforce Report showed that out of 174 workers they only had 4 black workers and out of 65 office personnel only 1 black person as admin, which has been going for years.

The part of proportion 209 that the city is not hearing is that proposition 209, states that if there is a pattern of discrimination, remedies must be sought. The National Black Contractors Association believes that T.C. Construction’s history and pattern of exclusion on the base of race and gender are in violation of Municipal Code§§ 22.2701-22.2708) 7.4.1, and the city need to impose debarment and other sanctions.

The upshot of the Tuesday protest is that Orion Construction Company immediately hired 3 District 4 African American workers and 3 African American truckers and has made a commitment to rise their hiring to 35% district 4 workers, along with other remedies to the community.

“I am pleased to hear this, although we are at point that we have to make the most radical changes in order to preserve a future for African Americans, women, and other excluded groups in the American construction industry.

A number of stores and businesses, realizing the cultural importance of Kwanzaa to many, have started efforts to commercialize the event with cards, sales and events. Several years ago, the U.S. Postal Service created and annually releases a “Kwanzaa Stamp.”

“From 1882 to 1986, Congress failed to pass anti-lynching legislation 200 times. Lynching was used as an instrument of terror and intimidation more than 4,000 times during the late 19th and 20th centuries, according to data from the Equal Justice Initiative,” Booker’s release informed.

The Senate is days away from concluding work before a new Congress, which will include Democrats in the majority in the U.S. House, begins work on January 3, 2019.

WAGES: continued from page 1

Employees will continue to earn sick leave, either by the accrual or “front load” method, in accordance with the ordinance. Employees may use earned sick leave for all reasons described in the ordinance, including, but not limited to, time for their own medical care or for the medical care of a family member. Employers may limit an employee’s use of earned sick leave to 40 hours in a benefit year.

If a person believes an employer is violating the ordinance, they are encouraged to file a complaint, in writing, with the Minimum Wage Program. For more information, visit www. sandiego.gov/MinimumWage.

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

•

www.sdvoice.info

• Thursday, DECEMBER 27, 2018

3

2018 Must Be More Than A Memory

By Dr. John E. Warren Publisher

It has often been said that those who don’t learn from the past will repeat their mistakes. But looking at the past is not always the same as learning from it. Some see mistakes and blame others. Some face mistakes and decide to do better. For “us” individually and collectively there are some important lessons. We saw a Black woman almost become governor of a state; We saw a Black woman in San Diego run for the first time for the Office of District Attorney; We saw a Black man in the State of Florida almost become governor and we had a third African American run for governor in the State of Maryland. We saw more African Americans elected to Congress and we saw Black voter participation increase in some areas in spite of voter suppression efforts.

We saw growing incidents of hate crimes, Black Church burnings and more Black men being killed by police in spite of public outcries, demonstrations and protest. This suggests an underlying determination that killing black men first and facing prosecution later will result in no charges. We have seen and we are seeing a nation now ruled by presidential reaction to talk show hosts. No longer do we have a two-party system seeking to serve the people who elected them to office, but rather a country divided by an extreme right element only concerned about its own narrow interest in spite of the world around us. “The Extreme Right” has gerrymandered election districts so that they retain control of the U.S. Senate, regardless of how most people vote.

By Roger Caldwell NNPA Newswire Contributor

With a sea of Black faces, starting with Billionaire Bob Johnson, Senator Tim Scott of South Carolina and United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, Ben Carson, [President Trump] has assured the mainstream media that this is one of the solutions to fix the numerous economic problems in urban America. Under the leadership and direction of Secretary Ben Carson, 13 federal agencies have already put together a list of 8,761 potential designated action zones.

“The White House’s new executive order for agencies to prioritize OZs is a positive first step to transform more communities into walkable, equitable, and thriving places and repair the mistakes of the 20thcentury that led to sprawl and disinvestment,” said Christopher Cotes, Director of LOCUS, a program of Small Growth America.

“Most importantly, this new council must encourage greater transparency to ensure any federal investment in OZs achieves equitable development outcomes that are good for both residents and businesses.”

On paper, “Opportunity Zones” appears to be an excellent concept and major corporations have an opportunity to invest in distressed communities and get a break on their taxes.

These Opportunity Zones were created a year ago under the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, but a year later there are still no established rules to implement the program.

All 50 states, the District of Columbia, and five U.S. territories are able to participate in the Opportunity Zones initiative. State governors are responsible for nominating low-income communities based on qualified census tracts, and the U.S. Department of the Treasury will certify Opportunity Zones within 30 days of receiving nominations.

2019 is a new year with new options for old problems. Let’s learn from the past mistakes of wrong choices and no action, and plan a proactive and not a reactive future for our concerns and issues.

What we should have learned from all of this is that now is

“Opportunity Zones” The New Trump Executive Order For Blacks After almost two years, President Trump has laid out a policy with an executive order to spend money and investments in the “distressed communities across the country.”

Last week (12-12-18), at an executive order signing at the White House, with a majority of African Americans in attendance, President Trump said, “this order would draw investment into neglected and underserved communities in America.”

the time to start preparing for 2020 elections; now is the time to focus on voter registration; now is the time to identify and organize around issues that we determine are our priority for our communities and not have others do so for us. Now is the time to consider, but not hastily commit, to those who come early looking for our votes. To make early commitments without results inhand can only lead to a lack of participation in decision making.

Presently, the major question is how will the African American community benefit from Opportunity Zones?

To begin, very few African Americans are aware of or have information about Opportunity Zones, and many consumer advocates warn that the investments may not reach distressed areas. Many of these projects will be a public-private-partnership, and many companies refuse to invest money in a poor community, where they don’t see them getting a return on their investment.

But, at the executive order signing, different prominent Blacks spoke in favor of the project.

Pastor Donte’ Hickman of the Southern Baptist Church and in partnership with other faith-based stakeholders’ institutions, has created the East Baltimore Revitalization Plan, addressing development needs of 100 acres, approved and adapted by the City Planning Development of Baltimore.

“Our area has been federally-designated as an Opportunity Zone, and this bipartisan legislation can leverage public and private funding toward community revitalization,” says Pastor Hickman. After Pastor Hickman give his remarks, Billionaire Bob Johnson of BET spoke.

Mr. Johnson is also a big supporter of Opportunity Zones. “What this proves is the efficacy, Mr. President, of a program that allows capital to flow to places where people are seeking out opportunity. And I am convinced that this program, where the tax incentives out of the Treasury Department to business people, will cause people to invest money where before they saw risk, now they see opportunity,” says Bob Johnson of BET. It is too early to make an informed opinion on this Opportunity Zone project. There are different numbers from different leaders to the amount of money the government is willing to invest. Some say $1.3 billion and others say $2.2 billion, but both numbers are substantial.

As everyone gets excited about the Opportunity Zones project, everyone must remember no Opportunity Zones have been identified, and the Treasury Department has yet to establish rules for the program.

NAACP Holds #LivingWhileBlack Town Hall

By Stacy M. Brown NNPA Newswire Columnist

Thousands joined NAACP President Derrick Johnson, Democratic New Jersey Sen. Cory Booker, National Urban League President Marc Morial for #livingwhileblack, a candid conversation about the passage of the prison and sentencing reform bill and learning from this year’s elections.

Panelists also spoke about NAACP’s #LogOutFacebook protest, the shifting political climate, and the work ahead in 2019.

The NAACP led a digital protest dubbed #LogOutFacebook on Dec. 19thin response to the tech company’s history of data hacks which unfairly target users of color, NAACP officials said.

The organization also called on Congress to conduct further investigations on Facebook after a report released for the Senate Intelligence Committee revealed that the Russian influence campaign “made an extraordinary effort to target African Americans.”

Over the last year, NAACP officials expressed concern regarding the numerous data breaches and privacy mishaps in which Facebook has been implicated. Since the onset of the Silicon Valley boom, the NAACP has been openly critical about the lack of employee diversity among the top technology firms in the country.

However, recent revelations that Facebook hired an opposition research firm combined with its work with other deeply partisan strategy firms, call into question the notion that Facebook operates with a nonpartisan view, Johnson said.

“Facebook’s engagement with partisan firms, its targeting of political opponents, the spread of misinformation and the utilization of Facebook for propaganda promoting disingenuous portrayals of the African American community is reprehensible,” he said.

The NAACP has returned a donation it recently received from Facebook.

Johnson and others also used the Town Hall to discuss the effect the NAACP had on the 2018 midterm elections. “The biggest takeaway from the NAACP’s post-midterm election poll is that without the black vote, we don’t win,” said NAACP Spokesman Malik Russell, whose comment was tweeted out by Johnson during the Town Hall.

“Through our civic engagement campaign, we increased [voter] turnout twice as much as we did in 2014,” Johnson said. “This was a presidential level turnout.”

Morial spoke about the loss of wealth in the black community and the need to get it back.

“We’ve lost 40 years of wealth, equity and homeownership as a community as a result of the Great Recession … we’re still burdened by the disproportionality of the credit system and the credit rating system, which negatively impacts African Americans,” Morial said.

Panelists noted that the while black homeownership fell from 47 percent to 41 percent after the recession (a number that reaches back to the levels of the 1970s), the current unemployment rate for African Americans is much higher than the national average.

“We still live in a nation where we call it the land of the free, but the incarceration rates disproportionately affect African Americans,” said Booker, who served as one of the keynote speakers at the Town Hall event.

Booker also lashed out at what he said was an unfair bail system that’s succeeded in keeping too many African Americans locked up. “We have in this nation what I call a debtor’s prison. People are wallowing in prison simply because they cannot afford to pay the bail cost,” Booker said.

CHURCH DIRECTORY �

Thursday, december 27, 2018 •

Rev. Dr. Joseph Foxworth Sr. First Lady Catherine Foxworth

www.sdvoice.info

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

Pilgrim Progressive Baptist Church

The Church of Yeshua Ha Mashiach Hebrew for “Jesus the Messiah”

Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church of San Diego

4995 A Street San Diego, CA 92102

1819 Englewood Dr. Lemon Grove, CA 91945

3085 K Street San Diego, CA 92102

619.264.3369

619.724.6226 • www.coyhm.org

619.232.0510 • www.bethelamesd.com

Sunday School 9 a.m.

Morning Service 10 : 45 a.m.

New Membership Orientation BTU 6 : 00 p.m.

Wednesday Eve Prayer Service 6 : 00 p.m.

Sunday In the Know Bible Study 8 : 00 a.m.

Sunday Worship Service 9 : 00 a.m.

Saturday Shabbat Service 1: 00-2 : 30 p.m.

Pastor Dennis Hodges First Lady Deborah Hodges

Rev. Harvey L. Vaughn, III

“To Serve this present age” Matt: 28:19-20

Rev. Dr. Eugenio D. Raphael

St. Paul United Methodist Church

Bethel Baptist Church

Second Chance Apostolic Ministries Inc.

3094 L Street San Diego, CA 92102

1962 N. Euclid Ave. San Diego, CA 92105

6970 San Miguel Ave. Suite C. Lemon Grove, CA 91945

619.232.5683

619.266.2411 • www.bethelbc.com bethel@bethelbc.com

619.262.9326 • 619.818.0927 www.2ndchanceapostolic.org 2ndchance11@cox.net

Sunday School 9 : 00 a.m.

Sunday Worship 10 : 00 a.m.

Wednesday Bible Study 10 : 00 a.m. & 6: 30 p.m.

Thursday Food Pantry 1: 30 pm to 3 : 30 pm.

Dr. John W. Ringgold, Sr. Pastor

“Come Worship With Us”

Bishop George D. McKinney

Rev. Dr. Obie Tentman, Jr.

Sunday Morning Prayer 6 : 00 & Worship 7: 30 a.m.

Sunday School 9 : 30 a.m.

Morning Worship Youth & Children’s Church 11: 00 a.m.

Community Prayer (Hemera) Mon., Tues., Thurs., Fri., Sat . 7: 30 a.m.

Mon., Tues., Thurs., Fri. 7: 30 p.m.

Mid Week Prayer Wednesday 12 : 00 noon and 7: 00 p.m.

District Elder Thomas J. Graham, Sr

St. Stephen’s Cathedral Church of God in Christ

Phillips Temple CME Church

Ebenezer Missionary Baptist Church

5825 Imperial Avenue San Diego, CA 92114

5333 Geneva Ave. San Diego, CA 92114

1728 S. 39th Street San Diego, CA 92113

619.262.2671 • www.ststephenscogic.org admin@ststephenscogic.org

619.262.2505

619.262 6004 • Fax 619.262.6014 www.embcsd.com

Sunday Sunday Hour of Sunday

School 10 : 30 a.m.

Early Worship Service 8 : 00 a.m.

Power Service 11:15 a.m.

Evening Service 6: 00 p.m.

Pastor Jerry Webb

Sunday School 8 : 30 a.m.

Morning Worship 9 : 45 a.m.

Tuesday Bible Study 10 : 00 a.m.

Wednesday Bible Study 6: 00 p.m.

Pastor Jared B. Moten

Lively Stones Missionary Baptist Church

Total Deliverance Worship Center

Linda Vista Second Baptist Church

605 S. 45th Street San Diego, CA 92113-1905

2774 Sweetwater Springs Blvd.

Spring Valley, CA 91977

2706 Korink Ave. San Diego, CA 92111

619.263.3097 • t.obie95@yahoo.com

619.670.6208 • www.totaldeliverance.org Fax: 619.660.7394 • Mail : P.O. 1698, Spring Valley, CA 91979

858.277.4008 • www.lvsbc.com second-baptist@sbcglobal.net

Sunday School 9 : 00 a.m.

Sunday Morning Worship 10 : 30 a.m.

Wednesday Prayer 11: 00 a.m. - 12 : 00 noon Wednesday Bible Study 7: 00 p.m.

Suffragan Bishop Dr. William A. Benson, Pastor & Dr. Rachelle Y. Benson, First Lady

Sunday Early Morning Worship Service 8 : 00 a.m.

Sunday Christian Education (Sunday School) 9 : 30 a.m.

Wednesday Noon Day Bible Study 12 : 00 p.m.

Wednesday W.O.W. • Worship on Wednesday (Bible Study) 7: 00 p.m.

Dr. David C. Greene

Sunday School: 8 : 45 a.m. – 9 : 45 a.m.

Sunday Service: 10 : 00 a.m.

“Welcome to Praise City”

Mesa View Baptist Church

Mount Olive Baptist Church

New Assurance Church Ministries

13230 Pomerado Road Poway, CA 92064

36 South 35th Street San Diego, Ca 92113

7024 Amherst Street San Diego, CA 92115

858.485.6110 • www.mesaview.org mvbcadmin@mesaview.org

619.239.0689 • www.mountolivebcsandiego.org

619.469.4916

Sunday First Worship 9 : 30 a.m.

Second Worship 11: 00 a.m.

Wednesday Night Bible Study & Prayer 7: 00 p.m.

Cox Cable Channel 23 / 24

Sunday School 9 : 30 a.m.

Sunday Worship 8 : 00 a.m.

Sunday Worship 11: 00 a.m.

Sunday Worship 10 : 00 a.m.

Sunday School 8 : 45 a.m.

Bible Study Wed. 7: 00 p.m.

Pastor Brian D. Clater, m. Div.

“A new Hope, A new Life, A new Way through Jesus Christ 2 Corinthians 5:17 A change is coming”

Logan Temple A.M.E. Zion Church

Church of Christ

Macedonia Missionary Baptist Church

302 S. 32nd St. San Diego, CA 92113

580 69th Street, San Diego, CA 92114

625 Quail Street San Diego, CA 92102

619.233.8780 • 619.798.4334 • LoganTemple.org

619.264.1454 • warnerdt1@aol.com

619.263.4544

Sunday Bible Study 8 : 45 a.m.

Sunday Morning Service 10 : 00 a.m.

Sunday Bible Class 5: 00 p.m.

Sunday Evening Worship 6: 00 p.m.

Wednesday Bible Class 7: 00 p.m.

Friday Video Bible Class 7: 00 p.m.

Sunday School 9 : 30 a.m.

Sunday Morning Service 11: 00 a.m.

Sunday Evening Service 6: 00 p.m.

Wednesday Prayer Meeting 6: 00 p.m.

Wednesday Bible Study 6: 30 p.m.

Wednesday Youth Bible Study 6: 30 p.m.

PhilmontBostic @ LoganTemple.org

Pastor Milton Chambers, Sr. & First Lady Alice Chambers

Sunday School 9 : 30 a.m.

Sunday Worship 11: 00 a.m.

Wednesday Prayer & Bible Study 6: 00 p.m.

“A Life Changing Ministry” Romans 12:2

“Loving God, Serving Others, Living by Faith”

Rev. Philmont Bostic, Pastor

Sunday Worship 12 : 00 Noon Sunday School 10 : 30 a.m.

Tuesday Prayer/Bible Class 7: 00 p.m.

“We Invite You To Our Services”

“It Takes Team Work to Make the Dream Work”

Pastor Dr. Darrow Perkins Jr., Th.D.

Sunday School 8 : 00 a.m.

Sunday Worship Service 9 : 30 a.m.

Wednesday Bible Study 12 : 00 noon Thursday Bible Study 6 : 30 p.m.

2nd Saturday Men’s Bible Study 3rd Saturday Women’s Saturday Bible Study

Sunday School 9 : 30 a.m.

Morning Worship 11: 00 a.m.

Bible Study Tuesday 7: 00 p.m.

Noon Prayer Tuesday 12 : 00 p.m.

Minister Donald R. Warner Sr.

New Hope Friendship Missionary Baptist Church

Calvary Baptist Church

2205 Harrison Avenue San Diego, CA 92113

719 Cesar E. Chavez Pkwy San Diego, CA 92113

619-234-5506 • Fax 619 234-8732 Email: Newhopeadm@gmail.com

619.233.6487 • www.calvarybcsd.org calvarybaptist1889@gmail.com

Early Sunday Morning Worship 7: 45 am Sunday School 9 : 30 am Sunday Morning Worship 11: 00 am Children and Youth Bible Study Tuesdays 6 : 30 pm Bible Study Tuesdays 6 : 30 pm Mid-day Bible Study Wednesdays 12 : 00 pm

I was glad when they said to me, “Let us go to the house of the LORD! ” Psalms 122:1

Dr. Emanuel Whipple, Sr. Th.D.

Pastor Rev. Julius R. Bennett

Sundays Bible Discovery Hour 9 : 30 a.m.

Mid Morning Worship 11: 00 a.m.

Wednesday Noon Day Bible Study 12 : 00 noon Wednesday Discipleship Training 7: 00 p.m.

“A Church Where Family, Faith & Fellowship Matters”

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Lavada Castile

Thurman Pirtle

SUNRISE March 2, 1983

SUNRISE OCTOBER 16, 1919

SUNRISE JANUARY 30, 1926

SUNSET December I0, 2018

SUNSET DECEMBER 12, 2018

SUNSET DECEMBER 8, 2018

  -

  -

  -

Denice Nacole Martin, also known as the beautiful fine hazel-eyed “Nisi”, was born March 2, 1983 in San Diego California to Wilbert Martin and Connie Chambers. When born she was diagnosed with Sickle Cell Anemia. For many who may not be aware Sickle Cell Anemia is a severe hereditary form of anemia in which a mutated form of hemoglobin distorts the red blood cells into a crescent shape at low oxygen levels that is most common in African Americans.

LAVADA W. CASTILE was born October16, 1919 in Corsicana, Texas. She was the second of four children born to Othello Watson, Sr. and Filena K. Watson. She accepted Christ at an early age in Corsicana, where she also attended public school. After high school, she enrolled at Texas Southern University, where she graduated with a degree in Home Economics.

THURMAN PIRTLE was born in Ardmore, Oklahoma in 1926, one of ten children of John and Courtney Pirtle. He attended Douglass High School where his keen interest in music became a priority. He served as a vocalist with the band, as a trumpet soloist and choral member in the orchestra. His participation continued in the Jazz Orchestra.

Thurman was elected President of the student body and was a member of the Honor Society. Thurman graduated from Ardmore Douglass High School and joined the U.S. Army to serve his country during World War II. Subsequently, he served as trainer in the field artillery Training Unit and finally as Assistant to the Professor of Military Science and Tactics at West Virginia State College. In 1946, after his military service, Thurman moved to California and enrolled at UCLA where he majored in Music and minored in Biology. He moved to San Diego in 1948. He was a member of St. Paul Methodist Church and directed the Church choir for 15 years. Thurman joined the San Diego Civic Chorus and was active with that group for two years. He was a vocal soloist for numerous church and civic events. He was a member of several jazz groups in Los Angeles and San Diego and continued to love music throughout his entire life. Thurman joined the U.S. Postal Service and moved up through the ranks from clerk to Acting Superintendent during his 25-year career. He retired from the Postal Service in 1972. The same year, he joined the San Diego Unified School District as an Administrative Assistant. He served as President of the Carver Elementary School PTA. He became Assistant to the Principal at Longfellow Elementary School. After spending 17 years with the Unified School District, Thurman retired for the second time. He received multiple commendations for his good work in the promotion of education and police/community relations. In 1989, Thurman joined the Los Angeles Chapter of the Tuskegee Airmen, Inc. One of the major activities of the Tuskegee Airmen is to visit churches, schools, military, and community organizations to inform the general public about the achievements of the Black Pilots who distinguished themselves in the Army Air Corp during World War II. The objective is to inspire and motivate young people of the community toward careers in Aviation Aerospace, and related fields. Thurman was instrumental in the formation of the San Diego Chapter in 1994 and served continuously on the Board of Directors as Chairman of the Ways and Means and Scholarship Committees. He was one of the most active members of the Chapter in carrying out the educational program. In 1998, Thurman participated in over 20 community events reaching out in communities in Chula Vista, from the 32nd Street Naval Station to March Air Force Base. Thurman gave his time unselfishly in making San Diego a better informed and more understanding community. Though himself a role model for many individuals, Thurman listed as his role models to include his father, John Pirtle, Duke Ellington, Lou Gehrig, Paul Robeson and Lt. Gen. Benjamin O. Davis, Jr. Thurman Pirtle is survived by his daughter, Tycene Yvonne Pirtle Edd and son-in- law; Dr. Leon Edd, Jr. He is also survived by, three step daughters and one step son, nephew, James Rhodes, first cousin, Mae Frances Davis and a host of nieces, nephews and many “Amazing Friends”.

Although this beauty had Sickle Cell Anemia that never stopped her from living her best life. Her education begin where she attended Spring Valley and San Miguel Elementary where she made numerous of friends that became family because of the social butterfly she was. She then attended Lemon Grove Middle School, here she continued to shine and make her family proud as it wasn't easy being in and out of the hospital but her fight was real and was nothing getting in her way. The journey then begin off to high school she went like heeeeyyyyyyyyy I'm up in here baby and fine as wine!!!! I was like sis if you don't sit down, I mean I know light skinned is in!!! She then attended Helix High School here she not only continued to thrive and make long life friends but her wish also came true as she was chosen by" Make a Wish" foundation to fulfill her modeling dream. This consisted ofa pick-up in a stretched limo that had that yummy champagne glass filled with the best yall know, that good ol Martinelli Apple Cider that your parents fill all the kids in the house glass with for all the holidays so we can think we drinking like the grown-ups. After off she went to a day full of glamour from hair, makeup, a whole new wardrobe, photo shoot and dinner to end the night. She was the happiest teenager in the world.

She then after that crazy senior project everyone had to complete walked across the stage and made us all proud graduating from Helix High School class of 2001. After high school she continued to live her best life, just taken it day by day and be free as a butterfly or at least she thought she was until her big sis had her niece Akira aka Boo Boo is what she called her. 1 was truly blessed because my sister was able to watch her niece until the age of 4 without having to put her into daycare which made their bond like no other.

Nisi was indeed the most strongest, loving, caring and incredible woman you could ever meet with a heart of gold. She would do any and everything for anyone. Her presence and warmth would brighten any room she entered and her let's not forget her tum up was real at all the parties. Our beautiful angel Nisi babe embraced by my mom and all her love ones up above leave behind her dad Wilbert Martin, stepdad Kenneth Chambers, grandma Jennie Holloway, aunt Veronica Holloway, sister Tosha Martin, brother Jayden Chambers, brother in law Keith Fielder, step sister Kerne Chambers, niece Akira La Shay Fielder (Boo Boo), cousin Kevin Martin and a host of aunts, uncles, cousins family and friends.

   ,  20, 2018 - ,  .

Lavada later met Adolphus Castile, also known as “A.D.” In 1943, they were united in marriage. Their union was blessed with one daughter whom they named Maria.

In 1943, The Castile family moved to San Diego, California, where Lavada was employed at Convair for eighteen years.

Lavada united with Calvary Baptist Church under the leadership of the late Reverend N. E. Taylor, the late Dr. S. M. Lockridge and the late Dr. W. James Smith, and continued in her stewardship under the spiritual guidance of Dr. Emanuel Whipple, Sr. She served in several auxiliaries, including the Mission Department with the Rachel Circle, Hospitality Department and Sunday School. She loved her church and her church family. She enjoyed and attended services faithfully until her health began to deteriorate.

Because of her love and concern for others, Lavada participated in the Foster Grandparent Program at St. Vincent DePaul for more than twenty years.

Lavada enjoyed shopping, cooking and especially baking. She loved making peach cobblers, cakes and pies, not for herself, but to give and share with others. Lavada will be greatly remembered for her kind and generous heart; she loved people. Lavada will be dearly missed by all who knew and loved her. She was preceded in death by her husband, her parents, three brothers and one grandson.

On Wednesday, December 12, 2018, after ninety-nine blessed years of laboring in the vineyard, Lavada Castile was called from labor to eternal rest.

She leaves to cherish her memory: her devoted daughter, Maria Castile-Lewis; one grandson, Keith Sheldon Butler; a host of nieces, nephews, cousins and friends, including her Calvary Baptist Church Family.

   ,  21, 2018  - ,  ;   .  .

   ,  19, 2018  - ,  ;     .

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Thursday, DECEMBER 27, 2018 •

SLAVERY:

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint www.sdvoice.info

continued from cover

Forced marches of the captives over long distances claimed many lives. A large number of the enslaved were destined to remain in Africa – many were transported across the Sahara to the north – which heightened the impact of the slave trade on the continent. It is estimated that the population of Africa remained stagnant until the end of the nineteenth century.

Besides its demographic toll, the slave trade, and the Africans’ resistance to it, led to profound social and political changes.

Social relations were restructured and traditional values were subverted. The slave trade resulted in the development of predatory regimes, as well as stagnation or regression.

Many communities relocated as far from the slavers’ route as possible. In the process, their technological and economic development was hindered as they devoted their energy to hiding and defending themselves.

The disruption was immense: the relationships between kingdoms, ethnic groups, religious communities, castes, rulers and subjects, peasants and soldiers, the enslaved and the free, were transformed. In some decentralized societies, people evolved new styles of leadership that led to more rigid, hierarchical structures, thought to better ensure protection.

In addition, European powers intervened in the political process to prevent the rise of the African centralized states that would have hampered their operations.

In the end, the slave trade left the continent underdeveloped, disorganized, and vulnerable to the next phase of European hegemony: colonialism. — Mahdi Adamu, From, “The Delivery of Slaves from the Bight of Benin in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries,” in H.A. Gemery and J.S. Hogendorn, “The Uncommon Market: Essays in the Economic History of the Atlantic Slave Trade,” others.

“Racism is still with us. But it is up to us to prepare our children for what they have to meet, and, hopefully, we shall overcome.”

— Rosa Parks WASHINGTON, DC – Decades ago, Civil Rights Leader Dr. Benjamin F. Chavis Jr., who now serves a president and CEO of the National Newspaper Publishers Association, coined the

term, “environmental racism.” It not only proved a true term, but it also linked several eras to a present day that still harkens back to centuries of demeaning and demoralization of Black Americans since the beginning of the transatlantic slave trade 500 years ago.

Once the slave trade ended, other oppressive eras ensued: The Antebellum Period; The Dred Scott Decision; The American Civil War; Jim Crow; Racial Terrorism; as did Jim; The Civil Rights Movement; and, throughout the 20th and 21st centuries, Environmental Racism, which has kept an immovable wedge between African Americans and the rest of America.

In noting that Environmental Justice is an important part of the struggle to improve and maintain a clean and healthful environment – particularly for African Americans, who have traditionally lived, worked and played closest to the sources of pollution – Chavis said that environmentalracismis racial discrimination in environmental policy making and the unequal enforcement of the environmental laws and regulations.

“It is the deliberate targeting of people-of-color communities for toxic waste facilities and the official sanctioning of a lifethreatening of poisons and pollutants in people-of-color communities,” he said. “It is also manifested in the history of excluding people of color from leadership in the environmental movement.”

With President Donald Trump castigating the science of global warming, it’s little wonder that today’s environmental policies not only target people of color when it comes to the placement and operation of unhealthy facilities, they also exclude people of color from being a part of the policy making process — even though they are the ones who are usually most directly negatively impacted by environmental injustices.

“The underlying message of environmentally racist tactics and strategies is that certain neighborhoods and certain people matter less than others, and that geographical vulnerability is inevitable, when in fact it is socially constructed to be this way,” said Dr. Deborah J. Cohan, an Associate Professor of Sociology in the Department of Social Sciences at the University of South Carolina Beaufort.

Civil Rights Leader Dr. Benjamin F. Chavis Jr., who now serves a president and CEO of the National Newspaper Publishers Association, coined the term, “environmental racism.”

“The message is that some groups of people and some neighborhoods are okay to be dumped on and treated as garbage. After all, garbage is trash; it is what we’ve decided we no longer need or have any use for,” said Cohan, who also writes for Psychology Today and Teen Vogue.

Cohan continued: “It’s what we wish to dispose of as we have decided it has no value. The problem with racism and society’s response to it is that we have failed to see this most basic thing: that in order to do that much damage to a community, one must so thoroughly objectify and dehumanize the people in it that they become things that can be discarded and forgotten about. People’s ability to thrive under these hostile conditions is greatly compromised.”

IN OTHER NEWS...

Video of New Jersey of High School Wrestler’s Dreadlocks Being Cut Goes Viral

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Compared to Print www.SDVOICE.info

By Lauren Victoria Burke NNPA Newswire Correspondent

In New Jersey, Andrew Johnson, an African American wrestler with dreadlocks was told he had to cut his dreadlocks or forfeit a wrestling match. Under pressure, the teenage wrestler stood resigned while a white female coach hurriedly cut his dreadlocks by ringside. The incident was captured on video by a journalist. Johnson went on to win his match.

Johnson’s teammates from Buena Regional High School can be seen on the video

shouting their support and addressing him supportively before the match started.

“A referee wouldn’t allow Andrew Johnson of Buena @brhschiefs to wrestle with a cover over his dreadlocks. It was either an impromptu haircut, or a forfeit. Johnson chose the haircut, then won by sudden victory in OT to help spark Buena to a win,” tweeted journalist Mike Frankel on December 20.

Frankel is the Sports Director for SNJ Today News in South Jersey.

See DREADLOCKS page 15

www.sdvoice.info

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

SAN DIEGO BLACK NURSES ASSOCIATION

• Thursday, DECEMBER 27, 2018

7

Annual Christmas Prayer Breakfast Photos and article by Contributing Writer Laura Johnson ‘Tis the season to be joyful, a time of praise and prayer, offering up thanksgiving for the many blessings received this year and a time to commune with each other. In this spirit, the San Diego Black Nurses Association (SDBNA) celebrated their Annual Christmas Prayer Breakfast on Saturday, December 8th at Bayview MLK Auditorium. As in past years, members, family, friends, colleagues and supporters joined in the celebration.

The Prayer Breakfast is one of SDBNA’s most cherished events. It was instituted in the early 1980s by then President Yvonne Hutchinson, RN, FNP as a means to bring members together to share with each other at the most holy time of the year. Members quickly began to include family and friends and, today we celebrate with 200-250 every year. Guest were welcomed by Committee Chairwoman Cheryl Busby and opening prayers of grace were by Lottie Harris, Founding President of SDBNA. Samantha Gambles-Farr, President-Elect served as Mistress of Ceremony.

This year’s keynote speaker, Dr. Robert Gillespie, MD, Cardiologist. He is Director of Nuclear Imaging Department at Sharp Rees-Stealy Medical Group and UCSD Assistant Professor of the Fellows Program. He is also SDBNA’s Medical Director.

In his address to the audience, Dr. Gillespie took us back to his childhood upbringing in small town

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Gary, Indiana, introducing us to the political climate, the culture and the spirituality of the community.

He related how family and community can work together to achieve goals. His parental home was a prayerful one with both parents being strong in their beliefs with high expectations of their children to give reverence and comply. He credited his upbringing as having strengthen and guided him throughout his life, including his medical journey. Noting that there can be a melding of prayer and healthcare in the daily pursuit of your work.

Prayers of expression and thanksgiving were offered

by Dr. Sharon Smith, Past President and Current Vice President-Elect, praying for health, healing and world peace and by Shirley Lipscomb, Second Vice President, offering prayers for our country and gratitude. Attendees were entertained by the musical group Randy & Friends with Soloist Carmelia Toot-Bell and Soloist Dale Fleming of the MLK Community Choir. 20 attendees were also thrilled to be the recipients of huge themed gift baskets and assorted gift bags as door prizes. SDBNA expressed thanks to the Committee Chair and Co-Chairs, Beverly Johnson and Ann Lawani, and all committee members for a beautiful prayerful morning and to all friends and supporters. In April 2019, the SDBNA will host their Annual Scholarship Luncheon.

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Thursday, december 27, 2018 •

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

american legion and auxiliary annual

children’s christmas party

Photography by Mike Norris

By Contributing Writer Voice & Viewpoint

What a beautiful blessed morning it was at American Legion Post 310, San Diego, California as the joyful music rang out for many children and their parents for this glorious christmas season on Saturday, December 22, 2018.

For over 25 years, Auxiliary Children and Youth Chairman and Host, Ms. Thomasena “Tommie” Martin, went above and beyond the call of duty, blessing these children with toys, food, candy, clothing and many other countless gifts. The children, ages 12-14, received gift cards in the amount of $15.00 each and children between the ages of 15-17 received gift cards for $20.00 each along with other gifts also.

Santa Claus (Lendell Delaney) welcomed hundreds of children and their parents along with his many elves; President Squirl and the Flaming Knights along with Commander Carletus Patrick thanked the Legionnaires for their donation of many bicycles to children of all ages. President Janie Jackson along with members of the Auxiliary and Juniors were thanked for donating their time and well wishes for this Christmas Season. The American Legion Post 310, San Diego extends a Special Thanks to The Flaming Knights because they have donated bikes to the children for many years at Post 310. They were also blessed to have as great support, Past Commander of Post 310 and Department Commander candidate, Mr. Ed Grimsley, whom they prayerfully support to become the American Legions next Commander of the Department of California in June 2019-2020.

The American Legion Auxiliary and The Legionnaires of Dennis T. Williams, Post and Unit 310 wish all “God’s Blessings” this Christmas and a Prosperous New Year.

www.sdvoice.info

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

• Thursday, december 27, 2018

rady children’s ice rink and n.l.o.b.

celebrate christmas on ice

Photography by Darrell Wheeler

By Darrell Wheeler Voice & Viewpoint Contributing Writer

On December 15th kids and adults were invited to Liberty Station in Point Loma to show off or learn to ice skate and, thanks to N. L. O.B, they could also eat for free.

The ice rink was the ideal of visionary Mr. Mike Peckham. In 1997 he’s vision came to life after negotiations with Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego had another first class ice rink.

To make a long and well deserving story short about the ice rink’s beginnings, thanks to Mike’s generosity and labor people can enjoy ice skating in America’s finest city, San Diego. As part of Never Leave One Behind’s Christmas spirit of giving they were at the ice rink making sure there invitees were fed to the fullest.

“I came here to celebrate and have some fun with my cousin and I did,” Kenneth Hill of the MTM School shared. “I couldn’t skate that good in the beginning but after a while I got better.”

Dr. Inez Reynolds Price and her faithful crew did what they could to insure the very busy skaters had a positive experience on Ice. However the good folks of Never Leave One Behind could not prevent people from falling on their behinds as the cold slippery surface claimed its share of victims.

“I’ve skated here a couple of years and I’m getting used to it now. Once you get used to it it’s fun and you don’t fall as much, it’s almost like roller blades,” Kanyia of Harriet Tubman Charter School shared.

“My Dad (Larry Price) wasn’t able to make it today so he asked me if I could step in and help today. No problem.

Anything to help him and N.L.O.B’s commitment to the community I’m all in,” said volunteer Tony Lewis.

�

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Thursday, DECEMBER 27, 2018 •

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint www.sdvoice.info

Sharon Spencer Gonzalez

Happy Birthday Blast Article & Photos By Mike Norris

Big smiles and hugs for Sharon Spencer Gonzalez, who celebrated her big fun birthday blast at the VFW on Federal Blvd in San Diego,CA. 100 hundred plus family and friends joined together for a good time. Soul food and funky music set the mood for lasting memories. The photos tell the story of how love is still alive and well. Happy Birthday Sharon!!!

A Community Christmas Morning Breakfast Voice & Viewpoint Staff Writer

The event was called “Christmas with the Rev.” referring to Rev. Shane Harris. It was the second annual event and it was held at the Black Contractor’s Association on Imperial Avenue. Tuesday, December 25th Christmas Day was the time, from 7:00 am to 9:00 am, at 6125 Imperial Avenue, San Diego. While the event was open to the public, there was particular attention given to foster children, the low income, those who are homeless, and veterans as well. The email announcing the event went out with a request for contributions. There was a schedule for volunteers offered and a request to tell anyone who could benefit from the event to come.

Rev. Harris saw this event as a Christmas morning call to action with an opportunity to serve those less fortunate and those who didn’t have much of anywhere to go on Christmas. Rev. Harris started this breakfast

in 2017 after reminiscing on his over 13 years in San Diego’s foster care system, and, as he usually says, “I promised God that if I EVER GET A PLATFORM I will ensure that I take care of the underdogs.” This year nearly 100 people showed up. Some for food, some for clothing, or shoes. Ms. Francine Maxwell, who got there to volunteer a little after 6 am, said one man asked for a “hard hat.” He said, “ I got the job, but I needed a hard hat.” He was able to find a hard hat. Some found food.

Some found clothing, as the event was a success.

In addition to the food and clothing, there were brand new free wrapped toys for children and there were clothes and shoes. This event was a Christmas morning success.

Photos By Mike Norris

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

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www.sdvoice.info

• Thursday, DECEMBER 27, 2018

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The Trump Administration’s Africa Strategy - Primacy or Partnership?

Courtesy of AllAfrica.com

in Africa’s external relationships, which have more diversity than at any time since the end of the Cold War. This diversity is a key aspect of the economic growth that Africa has enjoyed over the last two decades.

Shortly after Bolton’s presentation, U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Administrator Ambassador Mark Green rolled out the development agency’s first-ever” Private Sector Engagement Policy.” At its center is Green’s belief that the “future of international development is enterprise-driven.”

Washington, DC — Last week, the Trump administration launched an Africa policy that seeks both primacy and partnership on the continent. The administration’s efforts at partnership, especially as it relates to promoting U.S. business on the continent, are likely to be far more lasting and consequential.

Ambassador John Bolton set the tone for the administration in a speech where he challenged African governments to choose the United States over China and Russia for their commercial, security, and political relationships. This throwback to great power rivalry runs counter to the most significant current trend

Going forward, USAID will seek to deepen its collaboration with U.S. firms across “all areas of [its] work,” including energy, agriculture, humanitarian assistance, women’s empowerment, education, and crisis and conflict. This reset for USAID will help to increase U.S. commercial engagement in Africa and reflects important developments on the continent.

Last month, at the first Africa Investment Forum in Johannesburg, Dr. Akinwumi Adesina, President of the African Development Bank, said , “Africa is not going to be developed by aid. It will be developed by investment.” Creating opportunities for the private sector to impact Africa’s key development priorities is central to addressing some of the continent’s most pressing challenges.

The Strategy: Prosperity, Security, and Stability

The strategy announced by Ambassador Bolton on December 13 is organized around three main principles: prosperity, through “advancing U.S. trade and commercial ties with nations across the region to benefit both the United States and Africa;” security, through “countering the threat from radical Islamic terrorism and violent conflict;” and stability, through foreign aid, while ensuring that U.S. taxpayer dollars for aid are used efficiently.

The focal point of the strategy is countering China’s commercial, security, and political influence in Africa. The administration is right to criticize China where its practices contribute to growing the debt of African nations and worsening corruption and detrimental labor practices. By labeling China’s commercial practices as “predatory” for the strategic use of debt to hold African states “captive,” the administration clearly seeks to offer the U.S. as an alternative, mutually beneficial commercial partner to African nations. However, when it comes to trade and investment, the Trump Africa strategy does not reflect the preference by most African countries and the African Union for a regional approach through the newly created African Continental Free Trade Area, but favors instead a countryspecific, bilateral approach. The administration should consider both approaches.

Russia was specified as another country that is rapidly expanding See STRATEGY page 15

Four Top African Airlines to Take On Ethiopian Courtesy of AllAfrica.com

Four African airlines plan to launch the first African Civil Aviation Alliance before March next year, to break the stranglehold of Ethiopian Airlines on the continent and boost their fortunes through innovative ways.

Air Mauritius, South African Airways, RwandAir and Kenya Airways hope to use the alliance to achieve the “much needed economies of scale” which would accord them improved efficiency and collaborations.

The continent’s aviation sector has been dogged by challenges, including high taxes, airfare and the cost of jet fuel; poor airport infrastructure; international competition mostly from Gulf carriers, and inward-looking aviation policies which have pushed three of the four (except Air Mauritius) into a lossmaking territory for more than four years in a row.

The four airlines have been discussing the alliance for over 15 months, and are currently putting final touches onto the deal.

It is expected that the arrangement will help them cut back on costs, improve synergy between hubs and expand code-sharing on several routes, making them more competitive than the continent’s top carrier, Ethiopian Airlines and foreign carriers making inroads into the continent.

The four are expected to formally announce the joint venture before the New Year.

Efforts to get a comment from Kenya Airways and RwandAir were unsuccessful as their representatives did not respond to e-mails from The EastAfrican.

Hub-and-spoke networks In April, Kenya Airways chairman Michael Joseph said the airline was holding discussions with other carriers on a joint

Ethiopian Airlines launches first flight with an all-female crew (file photo).

venture but did not offer any timelines or details.

“We have opened discussions with other airlines on joint venture partnerships. We have started discussions with South African Airways that could see us join forces on aircraft repairs and route joint ventures. So far, we have discussed issues of mutual concern. For example, we fly to similar destinations in Africa, so there’s a possibility we could share those routes,” said Mr Joseph.

The discussions which are complete, are hinged on how this

alliance will work on a range of city pairs, route code shares, and joint use of lounges, maintenance and repair centres, and the co-ordination of their frequent flyer programmes.

“The drive for this alliance is partly pushed by the need to have the four airlines operate hub-and-spoke networks as they seek to enhance the demand for their respective networks, and increase their market power, especially at their hub airports,” a source with knowledge of the alliance said.

See AIRLINES page 15

Food Security in Africa Depends On Rethinking Outdated Water Law Courtesy of AllAfrica.com

A new study has found that outdated, colonial-era water permit systems across Africa are unintentionally criminalising millions of small farmers who can’t obtain permits. This undermines efforts to boost farming production and meet economic growth goals.

The study examined water permit systems in five African countries: Malawi, Kenya, South Africa, Uganda and Zimbabwe. The permit system was introduced by colonial powers in the 1920s. They were designed to regulate water use in the interests of the colonial project by granting permits only to white settlers.

These systems established minority ownership of a natural resource that was vital for economies dependent on agriculture.

African customary water arrangements were ignored and over-ridden.

These colonial style permit systems are still in use across the countries that were examined, and elsewhere in Africa. As a result, legal access to water through permits remains biased towards a few large users, such as large-scale irrigated farms, mines and industries, who are able to navigate the complicated and expensive process of permit application.

At the same time, customary regimes are expanding in informal rural economies, where millions of small and microscale water users invest in water infrastructure for self-supply

and water sharing. Farmer-led irrigation development is the backbone of food security.

The bad news is that permit obligations have expanded to cover all water users, even those using small pumps to irrigate a few hectares. Small-scale water users who don’t have permits are, according to the legal texts, effectively committing an offence which carries a penalty of being fined, jailed or both.

The micro-scale users who are exempted from requiring a permit have a weaker legal status than permit holders. So women who irrigate vegetables for family nutrition at their homesteads, for example, have no way to safeguard their water See SECURITY page 15

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Thursday, DECEMBER 27, 2018 •

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint www.sdvoice.info

HEALTHY LIVING

IN OTHER NEWS...

Do We Take Better Care Of Our Cars Than Our Teeth?

Jean Cornwell-Wheat Among 50 Local Artists in New City of San Diego Central Library Exhibit

Voice & Viewpoint Newswire

THE ARTIST PORTRAIT PROJECT CAPTURES REGION’S CREATIVE SPIRIT IN PHOTOS OF 50 SAN DIEGO ARTISTS

When you buy a new car, you get an owner’s manual that tells you when to get the oil changed, how much air to put in the tires, and when to get the brakes repaired, among other important details about routine maintenance.

When it comes to our teeth, though, we aren’t always as conscientious about following maintenance schedules – and our oral health suffers as a result.

“Every child and most adults should be given an operator’s manual for dental care,” says Dr. Ami Barakat, a dentist and author of Perfecting Smiles, Changing Lives. “Too many people have no idea how to maintain good dental health.”

It makes a significant difference when they do, he says. For example, parents who have a history of good dental care usually pass that knowledge on to their children. But unfortunately, Barakat says, parents with little or no knowledge of the proper way to care for their teeth and gums don’t have good habits to pass on – so the cycle repeats generation after generation.

If there were an owner’s manual for dental care, here are a few things Barakat believes it should include: Basic routine maintenance. Everybody has heard about brushing and flossing, but not enough people actually floss or know the proper way to doit. The four most common flossing mistakes are flossing too often, moving too quickly, missing both sides of the tooth and quitting at the sign of bleeding gums.

It’s not just the mouth. Too many people think dentists worry only about cavities and the smile. In reality, the mouth can be linked to back injuries, neck injuries, headaches and a host of other issues.

Easy fixes. Just as keeping tires properly inflated is an easy fix that will prevent big problems , dentists have a few of those too.

Easy, quick and comparatively cheap fixes are available for chipped teeth, cavities, sensitive teeth care and gingivitis.

How prevention is cheaper than correction.

Good dental health is frequently a pocketbook issue. A comprehensive and frank discussion with your dentist about what your dentalhealth-insurance coverage is, what you can afford and what you cannot will enable you to plan for your future.

“We are doing a poor job of educating the general public about good dental health and what dentists can do to improve dental health,” Dr. Barakat says. “People need to understand that preventative care works just as well in dentistry as it does in automobile care.”

New Data Show Workplace Challenges Exist After a Cancer Diagnosis Voice & Viewpoint Newswire

(StatePoint) The ability to manage employment after a cancer diagnosis can be complex, which means working people with cancer need support to balance work and health demands.

Despite the challenges that people with cancer face in the workplace, a new survey conducted

by The Harris Poll and commissioned by Cancer and Careers, a U.S. non-profit dedicated to empowering and educating people with cancer to thrive in their workplace, reveals that a majority of cancer patients and survivors (69 percent) feel that work aids in their treatment and recovery.

The survey also shows that many cancer patients and survivors agree that people living with cancer or cancer survivors want to work (74 percent) and that work gives them a sense of purpose (66 percent). In fact, many cancer patients and survivors said that work provides a source of personal pride and accomplishment and helps them cope. For full survey results, as well as other resources on working with cancer, visit cancerandcareers.org.

“As both a former human resources professional and cancer survivor, I know the uncertainty that occurs after a diagnosis,” says Kathy Flora, career coach for Cancer and Careers.

“Employers, HR teams and managers can be instrumental in helping employees balance work and health demands if they decide they want to stay on the job.”

Voice & Viewpoint Newswire

SAN DIEGO – Local artist Jean CornwellWheat is among 50 local San Diego artists chosen as the primary subjects in a new photography exhibit that opened in midDecember at the San Diego Central Library @ Joan Λ Irwin Jacobs Common. CornwellWheat suffered like thousands of other San Diegans when her home and artist studio were destroyed in the Witch Creek wildfire in 2007. She continued to practice her craft despite that devastating event. The painter, sculptor, and mixed-media artist’s stamp on the San Diego artworld is now being recognized for the community to enjoy through March 17, 2019.

In an interview with CERF+ Artist Safety Net, Cornwell-Wheat expressed her deep connection with her craft. “Art is, for myself art is life. Art is everything that’s around me. Its breathing, it’s my heartbeat, it’s my passion, my emotions. It’s love, I mean it’s all wrapped into one,” Cornwell-Wheat said.

Jennifer G. Spencer, a painter and photographer, debuts The Artist Portrait Project: A Photographic Memoir of Portrait Sessions with San Diego Artists, 2006-2016 in the ninth floor Art Gallery. The exhibit chronicles influential artists in the San Diego region by capturing their portraits with Spencer’s 4x5 field camera.

“When people go to a museum or art gallery, they see what artists have created, but rarely do they have a chance to see the person behind it all,” said artist Jennifer G. Spencer.

“This exhibit is an homage to our local art community by highlighting the artists

themselves as opposed to showcasing their work.”

While the portraits take prominence in the Artists Portrait Project exhibit, pieces by Kenneth Capps, Jean Cornwell Wheat, Helen Redman, Susan J. Osborn, Joseph Bennett, Jeanne Dunn, James Watts, Anne Mudge, Nilly Gill, Cindy Zimmerman, Robert Treat, and Polly Jacobs Giacchina who were photographed for the exhibit will also be on display.

You can learn more about Ms. Cornwell-Wheat at her website: https://jeancornwellwheatart. com/blog/. The Artist Portrait Project will be available for public viewing now through March 17, 2019. The Art Gallery is open noon to 5 p.m. on Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Fridays, 2 p.m. to 7 p.m. on Thursdays and noon to 4 p.m. on Saturdays and Sundays.

The gallery is closed on Mondays.

About the San Diego Public Library With a vision of being the place for opportunity, discovery and inspiration, the San Diego Public Library is a hub for knowledge and lifelong learning. As the largest library system in the region, it serves a population of more than 1.3 million people. Learn about events at the San Diego Central Library @ Joan Λ Irwin Jacobs Common and 35 community branch libraries, find links to programs and resources or search for materials in the online catalog at www.sandiegolibrary.org.

www.sdvoice.info

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

• Thursday, DECEMBER 27, 2018

13

BEST FILMS OF 2018

By Dwight Brown NNPA News Wire Film Critic

In 2018, the stories told, talent on view, compelling characters, emotions expressed,and genres stretched were just amazing. It was more than enough to make viewers track films from the theaters to streaming services. Or vice versa.

Check out the year in movies. Enjoy.

Ben Is Back–The plague of drug addiction hits the tony suburbs and writer/director Peter Hedges takes his audience to the front door of a home that is bearing the brunt. Julia Roberts soars as the distraught mom trying to save the life of a duplicitous son, expertly played by Lucas Hedges. Courtney B. Vance co-stars in this compelling and cautionary family/ drama.

Black Panther– The late Stan Lee left behind a key to the future. That key was Black Panther, as envisioned by the very intuitive director/writer Ryan Coogler. The African nation of Wakanda became the world’s #1 tourist destination ($1.3B at the box office). It’s supermen (Chadwick Boseman, Michael B. Jordan, Daniel Kaluuya) and superwomen (Lupita Nyong’o, Danai Gurira, Letitia Wright) were artfully displayed (cinematographer Rachel Morrison) as they embodied Black power and pride.

Adam Driver stars as Flip Zimmerman and John David Washington as Ron Stallworth in Spike Lee’s BlacKkKLansman, a Focus Features release. Photo: David Lee / Focus Features

Blindspotting– Of all the films that tackled racism and the PSTD a black man experiences as a result, this very grassroots indie captured that feeling the best. Set in gentrifying Oakland, CA, the ambitious script by lead actors Daveed Diggs and Rafael Casal chronicles a time and place when inner city black neighborhoods are disappearing and the inhabitants are stressed—every day. Wonderful direction by Carlos López Estrada.

BlacKkKlansman– Leave it to filmmaker Spike Lee to find the most hard to believe but true story about a black cop (John David Washington) who infiltrates the KKK with the aid of a Jewish police officer (Adam Driver). The undercover brother even hoodwinks David Duke! A nervy and very informative look at the dimwits who joined the Klan and the brave policemen who thwarted their moves. Considering the times we live in, the 1970s subject matter has a very contemporary appeal.

Julia Roberts and Lucas Hedges in Ben Is Back

Michael B. Jordan and Chadwick Boseman in Black Panther

BUSINESS DIRECTORY

Crazy Rich Asians - Constance Wu and Henry Golding

Crazy Rich Asians– This jolly film is the first Asian/ American movie to get a major release in 25 years! A stellar cast—Constance Wu, Henry Golding, Michelle Yeoh and Awkwafina—turn a rags-to-riches love story into the best romantic comedy of 2018. Director Jon M. Chu with writers Peter Chiarelli and Adele Lim turn a golden opportunity into solid gold entertainment.

The Favourite– The stodgy English period genre gets whacked by this demented take on an 18thcentury triad of deceitful women: Queen Anne (Olivia Colman), Lady Sarah (Rachel Weisz) and a very ambitious and cunning palace interloper Abigail (Emma Stone). Eccentric director Yorgos Lanthimos finally gets a project that can withstand his very demented style of direction. Evocative cinematography (Robbie Ryan) and production design (Fiona Crombie) paint an astonishing portrait of palace intrigue.

Green Book– A very unlikely story, based on true events, features the best acting duo of the year. The brilliant scholarly actor Mahershala Ali plays a concert pianist who is driven around The South, in 1962, by a burly Italian chauffeur/ bodyguard played hysterically by Viggo Mortensen. The most unlikely director in the world, Peter Farrelly (Dumb and Dumber), tells the tale with a nod and a wink and peppers it with social and racial themes, real drama and historical facts. An organic crowd pleaser.

The Favourite (Emma Stone)

Vigo Mortensen and Mahershala Ali in Green Book

Night Comes On–Kids separated from their parents and relegated to foster homes and institutions should have their stories told. New actor-turned-director Jordana Spiro uses a script she co-wrote with Angelica Nwandu as a basis for her poignant ode to troubled youth. Dominique Fishback plays the train wreck of an 18-year-old older sibling in the process of leading her 10-year-old sister (Tatum Marilyn Hall) down the wrong path. Vulnerable characters you have to love.

Private Life– Every 10 years, writer/director Tamara Jenkins makes a feature film. It’s worth the wait. A neurotic couple, nearing middle age, tries to have a child. Previously, they were so caught up in their lives that by the time they decided to have offspring, they had to scramble and hope IVF would pay off . Tough challenge for them. Great laughs for the audience. Kathryn Hahn plays the fretful wife with anxious humor and Paul Giamatti is the put-upon husband. A sweet, delicious adult comedy.

A Quiet Place– This is the absolute best use of sound effects ever devised for a horror film. A very innovative but scary take on a post-apocalypse world where demons’ attacks are instigated by the slightest sound. Ingeniously concepted by actor/writer/director John Krasinski who guides his wife Emily Blunt into the performance of her career as the protective mom.

Rafael Casal and Daveed Diggs in Blindspotting

Night Comes On - Tatum Marilyn Hall and Dominique Fishback

Private Life - Kathryn Hahn and Paul Giamatti

Emily Blunt plays Evelyn Abbott in A QUIET PLACE, from Paramount Pictures.

UR

14

Thursday, DECEMBER 27, 2018 •

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint www.sdvoice.info

PLACE YOUR CLASSIFIEDS ....By Phone (619) 266-2233 Monday - Thursday 9:30 a.m. - 3:30 p.m. .....By Fax (619) 266-0533 24Hours/7 Days

WE ACCEPT Fictitious Business Name: $25.00 (4 weeks) Name Change: $85.00 (4 weeks)

FAX & EMAIL ORDERS:

Include the following information: Full Name, billing address, and phone number Date(s) you want the ad to appear Name and daytime phone number of contact for any question or clarifications

....By Email ads@sdvoice.info 24 Hours/7 Days LEGAL NOTICES

REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS Request for Proposals SANDAG Vanpool Program The San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) is seeking proposals from qualified firms to administer the SANDAG Vanpool Program (“Project”). The selected firm(s) must have the ability to lease a fleet of vanpool vehicles to existing and prospective program participants.

The selected firm(s) must also be able to adopt new vehicle and transportation technologies, such as automated trip reporting (e.g., trip distance, travel time, occupancy) and zero emission vehicles, as they become available to help sustain program growth over time.

SANDAG intends to award multiple contracts to qualified firms in order to meet its objective of creating a group of on–call firms that will be used to provide vanpool leasing services on an as-needed basis.

A copy of the Request for Proposals (5004806) can be accessed from the SANDAG website at sandag.org/contracts or by contacting Zara Sadeghian at SANDAG, 401 B Street, Suite 800, San Diego, CA 92101, (619) 5955359, or by emailing zara. sadeghian@sandag.org. Proposals are due by 3 p.m. on January 22, 2019.

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FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2018-9030176 Fictitious business name: SEVYN & CO Located at: 1559 Altadena Ave San Diego, CA County of San Diego The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was The Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under this name above.

This business is hereby registered by the following: Jalysa Monee DePriest 535 28th Street San Diego, CA 92102 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 10, 2018.

This fictitious business name will expire on December 10, 2023 12/27, 1/3, 1/10, 1/17 ------------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2018-9030334 Fictitious business name: HANANA COMMUNITY CENTER HANANA YOUTH CARE Located at: 7317 El Cajon Blvd.

County of San Diego, 91942 The business is conducted by: A Corporation The first day of business was The Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under this name above.

This business is hereby registered by the following: Hanana Inc. 7317 El Cajon Blvd., San Diego, CA 91942 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 11, 2018.

This fictitious business name will expire on December 11, 2023 12/20, 12/27, 1/3, 1/10 ------------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2018-9030692 Fictitious business name: SOUTHEAST OG'S SEOG Located at: 560 Park Way #4 Chula Vista, CA County of San Diego, 91910 The business is conducted by: A General Partnership The first day of business was The Registrant has not yet begun to transact business

Standard Classified: $3.75 a line Summons: $130.00 (4 weeks)

LEGAL NOTICES

LEGAL NOTICES

LEGAL NOTICES

LEGAL NOTICES

LEGAL NOTICES

LEGAL NOTICES

under this name above.

This business is hereby registered by the following: Chris Fowler 560 Park Way#4 Chula Vista, CA 91910 and Ricardo Richardson 560 Park Way#4 Chula Vista, CA 91910 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 17, 2018.

This fictitious business name will expire on December 17, 2023 12/20, 12/27, 1/3, 1/10 ------------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2018-9030715 Fictitious business name: BARRY'S INDEPENDENT QUALITY LIVING Located at: 1631 Alpha Street National City, CA County of San Diego, 91950 The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was The Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under this name above.

This business is hereby registered by the following: Barry Muhammad 101343 San Diego Mission Road #0227 San Diego, CA 92108 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 17, 2018.

This fictitious business name will expire on December 17, 2023 12/20, 12/27, 1/3, 1/10 ------------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2018-9030598 Fictitious business name: KEPLER ACCOUNTING SERVICE Located at: 839 Colorado Avenue #B Chula Vista, CA County of San Diego, 91911 The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was The Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under this name above.

This business is hereby registered by the following: Sabine Kepler 839 Colorado Avenue #B Chula Vista, CA 91911 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 14, 2018.

This fictitious business name will expire on December 14, 2023 12/20, 12/27, 1/3, 1/10 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2018-9028932 Fictitious business name: CUTI-CLE NAILS & SPA Located at: 8790 Cuyamaca Street, #J Santee, CA County of San Diego, 92071 The business is conducted by: A Corporation The first day of business was The Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under this name above.

This business is hereby registered by the following: Saigonese Holdings, Inc. 4930 Megan Way, San Diego, CA 92105 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on November 20, 2018.

This fictitious business name will expire on November 20, 2023 12/13, 12/20, 12/27, 1/3 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2018-9028637 Fictitious business name: CARDENAS CLEANING CO. Located at: 734 Castaway Cv. San Diego, CA County of San Diego, 92154 The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was 11/16/18 This business is hereby registered by the following: Evelyn Hernandez-Cardenas 734 Castaway Cv. San Diego, CA 92154 This statement was filed with

the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on November 16, 2018.

This fictitious business name will expire on November 16, 2023 12/13, 12/20, 12/27, 1/3 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2018-9029799 Fictitious business name: B AND D ENTERPRISES Located at: 5937 El Cajon Blvd., San Diego, CA County of San Diego, 92115 The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was 04/01/84 This business is hereby registered by the following: Nathaniel Brooks 4824 Sea Coral Drive San Diego, CA 92154 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 4, 2018.

This fictitious business name will expire on December 4, 2023 12/13, 12/20, 12/27, 1/3 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2018-9029120 Fictitious business name: ALLEN ENTERPRISE ABA EXPRESSIONS BAIANIC WOMAN AND HEROINES Located at: 6928 Benson Avenue, San Diego, CA County of San Diego, 92114 The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was 11/18/18 This business is hereby registered by the following: Wesli Allen 6928 Benson Avenue, San Diego, CA 92114 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on November 26, 2018.

This fictitious business name will expire on November 26, 2023 12/13, 12/20, 12/27, 1/3 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2018-9029803 Fictitious business name: EVENTIVE MINDS Located at: 6530 Reflection Dr., Apt. 2364 San Diego, CA County of San Diego, 92124 The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was 11/27/18 This business is hereby registered by the following: Michael James Gordon 6530 Reflection Dr., Apt. 2364 San Diego, CA 92124 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 4, 2018.

This fictitious business name will expire on December 4, 2023 12/13, 12/20, 12/27, 1/3 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2018-9029213 Fictitious business name: 3 KINGS HOOKAH LOUNGE Located at: 7059 El Cajon Blvd., San Diego County of San Diego, 92115 The business is conducted by: A Limited Liability The first day of business was 11/27/18 This business is hereby registered by the following: H&K Investment Group, LLC 5160 Sirocco Lane, Unit #54 San Diego, CA 92120 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on November 27, 2018.

This fictitious business name will expire on November 27, 2023 12/6, 12/13, 12/20, 12/27 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2018-9028223 Fictitious business name: AFRIBABY VALANA MINERALS

Located at: 135 W. Mission Ave. #111A Escondido, CA County of San Diego, 92025 The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was 4/01/07 This business is hereby registered by the following: Valerie Reed 1414 Denise Circle Oceanside, CA 92054 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on November 09, 2018.

This fictitious business name will expire on November 09, 2023 12/6, 12/13, 12/20, 12/27 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2018-9028199 Fictitious business name: RUFF DIAMOND RECORDS Located at: 6767 Doriana St., San Diego, CA County of San Diego, 92139 The business is conducted by: A General Partnership The first day of business was 11/09/18 This business is hereby registered by the following: Jeremy Matthew Jenkins 2566 Crestline Drive.

Lemon Grove, CA 91945 and Ronnie L. Jenkins 6767 Doriana Street San Diego, CA 92139 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on November 09, 2018.

This fictitious business name will expire on November 09, 2023 12/6, 12/13, 12/20, 12/27 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2018-9029131 Fictitious business name: AN EPIC DESTINATION Located at: 4985 Market Street Apt. 107 San Diego, CA County of San Diego, 92102 The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was 11/26/18 This business is hereby registered by the following: Daniel Fortson 4985 Market Street, Apt 107 San Diego, CA 92102 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on November 26, 2018.

This fictitious business name will expire on November 26, 2023 12/6, 12/13, 12/20, 12/27 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2018-9028905 Fictitious business name: NICK'S AUTO MOBIL Located at: 10030 Holborn Street Santee, CA County of San Diego, 92071 The business is conducted by: An Individual The Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under this name above.

This business is hereby registered by the following: Alfonso Nicolas Lopez 10030 Holborn Street Santee, CA 92071 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on November 20, 2018.

This fictitious business name will expire on November 20, 2023 12/6, 12/13, 12/20, 12/27 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2018-9029694 Fictitious business name: FLAVORTOWN CLOTHING CO. Located at: 535 41st Street San Diego, CA County of San Diego, 92102 The business is conducted by: An Individual The Registrant has not yet begun to transact business under this name above.

This business is hereby registered by the following: Bryant Tremayne Scott 535 41st Street San Diego, CA, 92102

This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on December 03, 2018.

This fictitious business name will expire on December 03, 2023 12/6, 12/13, 12/20, 12/27 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2018-9027767 Fictitious business name: ISLAND MIST BAND Located at: 2539 Helix Street Spring Valley, CA County of San Diego, 91977 The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was 10/24/13 This business is hereby registered by the following: Roseann Janice Bouffiou 2539 Helix Street San Diego, CA 91977 This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on November 06, 2018.

This fictitious business name will expire on November 06, 2023 12/6, 12/13, 12/20, 12/27 ------------------------------------

petition in the following newspaper of general circulation, printed in this county,Voice & Viewpoint.

12/13, 12/20, 12/27, 1/3 ----------------------------------California County of San Diego 330 W. Broadway San Diego, CA 92101 37-2018-00060969CU-PT-CTL Petitioner or Attorney: Erica Braswell on behalf of minor

NOTICE OF HEARING Date: February 7, 2018 Time: 9:00 A.M. Dept. 903, The address of the court is: 1100 Union Street San Diego, CA 92101.

A copy of this Order to Show Cause shall be published at least once each week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in the following newspaper of general circulation, printed in this county,Voice & Viewpoint.

12/6, 12/13, 12/20, 12/27 -----------------------------------

NAME CHANGE California County of San Diego 330 W. Broadway San Diego, CA 92101 37-2018-00057758CU-PT-CTL Petitioner or Attorney: Eva Maria Martinez Tenorio on behalf of Martinez, minor TO ALL INTERESTED PERSONS: Eva Mana Martinez Tenorio on behalf of Martinez, minor filed a petition with this court for decree changing name as follows: PRESENT NAME: Martinez PROPOSED NAME: Tyler Howard Berger Martinez THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter shall appear before this court hearing to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted: NOTICE OF HEARING Date: January 17, 2019 Time: 9:00 A.M. Dept. 903, The address of the court is: 1100 Union Street San Diego, CA 92101.

A copy of this Order to Show Cause shall be published at least once each week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in the following newspaper of general circulation, printed in this county,Voice & Viewpoint.

12/27, 1/3, 1/10, 1/17 -----------------------------------California County of San Diego 330 W. Broadway San Diego, CA 92101 37-2018-00059582CU-PT-CTL Petitioner or Attorney: Duy Phuc Nguyen TO ALL INTERESTED PERSONS: Duy Phuc Nguyen filed a petition with this court for decree changing name as follows: PRESENT NAME: Duy Phuc Nguyen PROPOSED NAME: Josh Nguyen THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter shall appear before this court hearing to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted: NOTICE OF HEARING Date: January 31, 2019 Time: 9:00 A.M. Dept. 903, The address of the court is: 1100 Union Street San Diego, CA 92101.

A copy of this Order to Show Cause shall be published at least once each week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the

TO ALL INTERESTED PERSONS: Danetta Kyerra Trammell filed a petition with this court for decree changing name as follows: PRESENT NAME: Danetta Kyerra Trammell PROPOSED NAME: Danetta Kyerra Braswell THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter shall appear before this court hearing to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted: NOTICE OF HEARING Date: January 31, 2019 Time: 9:00 A.M. Dept. 903, The address of the court is: 1100 Union Street San Diego, CA 92101.

A copy of this Order to Show Cause shall be published at least once each week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in the following newspaper of general circulation, printed in this county,Voice & Viewpoint.

12/13, 12/20, 12/27, 1/3 ----------------------------------California County of San Diego 330 W. Broadway San Diego, CA 92101 37-2018-00058555CU-PT-CTL Petitioner or Attorney: Charles Michel TO ALL INTERESTED PERSONS: Carlos Michel filed a petition with this court for decree changing name as follows: PRESENT NAME: Carlos Michel PROPOSED NAME: Charles Matthew Michel THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter shall appear before this court hearing to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted: NOTICE OF HEARING Date: January 24, 2019 Time: 9:00 A.M. Dept. 903, The address of the court is: 1100 Union Street San Diego, CA 92101.

A copy of this Order to Show Cause shall be published at least once each week for four successive weeks prior to the date set for hearing on the petition in the following newspaper of general circulation, printed in this county,Voice & Viewpoint.

12/13, 12/20, 12/27, 1/3 ----------------------------------California County of San Diego 330 W. Broadway San Diego, CA 92101 37-2018-00060608CU-PT-CTL Petitioner or Attorney: Nadia Ayub TO ALL INTERESTED PERSONS: Nadia Ayub filed a petition with this court for decree changing name as follows: PRESENT NAME: Nadia Ayub PROPOSED NAME: Nadia Kean-Ayub THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter shall appear before this court hearing to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted:

SUMMONS California County of San Diego 330 W. Broadway San Diego, CA 92101 Case Number: 37-2018-00032228-CU-PACTL NOTICE TO DEFENDANT (AVISO AL DEMANDADO): Mohamed Mukhtar Omar, Time Express, LLC; and DOES 1 to 10 YOU ARE BEING SUED

BY PLAINTIFF: (LO ESTA DEMANDDO EL DEMANDANTE): Francis L. Barrett and Mary Barrett PETITIONER: MARY BARRETT RESPONDENT: TIME EXPRESS, LLC NOTICE! You have been sued. The court may decided against you without your being heard unless you respond with in 30 days. Read the information below.

You have 30 CALENDAR DAYS after this summons and legal papers are served on you to file a written response at this court and have a copy served on the plaintiff.

A letter or phone call will not protect you. Your written response must be in proper legal form if you want the court to hear your case. There may be a court form that you can use for your response. You can find these court forms and more information at the Californa Courts Online SelfHelp Center (ww.courtinfo. ca.gov/selfhelp), your county law library, or the courthouse nearest you. If you cannot pay the filing fee, ask the court for a fee waiver form. If you do not file your response on tiime, you may lose the case bydefault,and your wages, money, and property may be taken without further warning from the court.

There are other legal requirements. You may want to call an attorney right away. If you do not know an attorney, you may want to call an nattorney referral service. If you cannot afford an attorney, you may be eligible for free legal services from a nonprofit legal services program. You can locate these nonprofit groups at the California Legal Services site (www.lawhelpcalifornia.org), the California Courts Online Self-Help Center (www.courtinfo.ca.gov/ selfhelp), or by contacting your local court or county bar association. NOTE: The court has a statutory lien for waived fees and costs on any settlement or artbitation award of $10,000 or more in a civil case. The court's lien must be paid before the court will dismiss the case.

12/6, 12/13, 12/20, 12/27 -----------------------------------

PROBATES NOTICE OF PETITION TO ADMINISTER ESTATE OF Arveal Fletzs Keetch Case Number: 37-2018-00051054-PR-LSCTL To all heirs, beneficiaries, creditors, contingent creditors, and persons who may otherwise be interested in the will or estate, or both, of ARVEAL FLETZS KEETCH

LEGAL NOTICES A PETITION FOR PROBATE has been filed by JOY ALEXANDER Petitioner, in the Superior Court of California, County of San Diego.

THE PETITION FOR PROBATE requests that JOY ALEXANDER be appointed as personal representative to administer the estate of the decedent.

THE PETITION requests authority to administer the estate under the Independent Administration of Estates Act. (This authority will allow the personal representative to take many actions without obtaining court approval. Before taking certain very important actions, however, the personal representative will be required to give notice to interested persons unless they have waived notice or consented to the proposed action.) The independent administration authority will be granted unless an interested person files an objection to the petition and shows good cause why the court shouldnot grant the authority.

A HEARING on the petition will be held at the following court on January 29, 2019 at 11:00 a.m. in Department 504 located in Superior Court of California 1100 Union St. San Diego, CA 92101.

IF YOU OBJECT to the granting of the petition, you should appear at the hearing and state your objections or file written objections with the court before the hearing.

Your appearance may be in person or by your attorney.

IF YOU ARE A CREDITOR or a contingent creditor of the decedent, you must file your claim with the court and mail a copy to the personal representative appointed by the court within four months from the date of first issuance of letters as provided in Probate Code section 9052. The time for filing claims will not expire before four months from the hearing date noticed above.

YOU MAY EXAMINE the file kept by the Court. If you are a person interested in the estate, you may file with the court a Request for Special Notice (form DE-154) of the filling of an inventory and appraisal of estate assets or any petition or account as provided in Probate Code section 1250. A Request for Special Notice form is available from the court clerk.

Petitioner Joy Alexander 604 S. 54th Street San Diego CA 92113 (619) 578-8148 12/13, 12/20, 12/27

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NOTICE OF PETITION TO ADMINISTER ESTATE OF Laura Rose White Case Number: 37-2018-00061292-PR-LACTL To all heirs, beneficiaries, creditors, contingent creditors, and persons who may otherwise be interested in the will or estate, or both, of LAURA ROSE WHITE A PETITION FOR PROBATE has been filed by ROSHAWN LACHELLE OQUINN Petitioner, in the Superior Court of California, County of San Diego.

THE PETITION FOR PROBATE requests that ROSHAWN LACHELLE OQUINN be appointed as personal representative to administer the estate of the decedent.

THE PETITION requests authority to administer the estate under

www.sdvoice.info LEGAL NOTICES the Independent Administration of Estates Act. (This authority will allow the personal representative to take many actions without obtaining court approval. Before taking certain very important actions, however, the personal representative will be required to give notice to interested persons unless they have waived notice or consented to the proposed action.) The independent administration authority will be granted unless an interested person files an objection to the petition and shows good cause why the court shouldnot grant the authority.

A HEARING on the petition will be held at the following court on February 5, 2019 at 11:00 a.m. in Department 504 located in Superior Court of California 1100 Union St. San Diego, CA 92101.

IF YOU OBJECT to the granting of the petition, you should appear at the hearing and state your objections or file written objections with the court before the hearing.

Your appearance may be in person or by your attorney.

IF YOU ARE A CREDITOR or a contingent creditor of the decedent, you must file your claim with the court and mail a copy to the personal representative appointed by the court within four months from the date of first issuance of letters as provided in Probate Code section 9052. The time for filing claims will not expire before four months from the hearing date noticed above.

YOU MAY EXAMINE the file kept by the Court. If you are a person interested in the estate, you may file with the court a Request for Special Notice (form DE-154) of the filling of an inventory and appraisal of estate assets or any petition or account as provided in Probate Code section 1250. A Request for Special Notice form is available from the court clerk.

Attorney for petitioner: Law Offices of Antoinette Middleton 1761 Hotel Circle South, Suite 115 San Diego CA 92108 (619)235-9501 12/20, 12/27, 1/3

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The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint LEGAL NOTICES

LEGAL NOTICES

dreadlocks:

LEGAL NOTICES

Reporting by Sports Illustrated identified the referee in the video as Alan Maloney. Maloney reportedly has a dubious history.It was reported in 2016 that Maloney was accused of calling another referee the N-word during a March, 2016 social gathering.

The incident was reported in The Courier-Post Journal of South Jersey.

Johnson’s coaches argued with Maloney, the wrestling official before Johnson’s hair was cut.But Maloney forced Johnson and the team to choose between cutting off his dreadlocks or forfeiting the match. As Johnson’s coaches argued, Maloney started the injury clock and stopped listening to their appeals.

LEGAL NOTICES

LEGAL NOTICES

The level of heat seen on social media regarding the incident was palatable.

“Enough of these bastards. Ban him for life. Fire him from his job. Sue any goddamned racist idiots who defend him, into bankruptcy.Enough of this authorized return to 1938,” wrote noted sports commentator Keith Olbermann.

Comedian Drew Carey wrote, “I’m a fan of GrecoRoman wrestling, and this is total bulls****. Girls compete w boys. Anthony Robles won the NCAA’s with one leg. And this kid has to cut his dreads to compete? F**** bull****. Where was the coach? Or administrators? On either team?”

On December 21, the New Jersey State Interscholastic Athletic Association released a statement recommending “the referee” not officiate any matches until a review of the incident was undertaken. They did not name Maloney by name.

“Regulations regarding hair length and legal hair covers for wrestlers are provided by the National Federation of State High School Associations.At this point, the NJSIAA is working to determine the exact nature of the incident and whether an infraction occurred,” their statement read.

Many in the legal communicated indicated a lawsuit is likely.

“No-loc bans are designed to oppress and shame Black people not just for expressing Blackness, but *for* their Blackness. They have no place in our society and certainly not in our schools. Until we can abolish these discriminatory practices and norms, we are all complicit,” a message from the New Jersey ACLU read.

Lauren Victoria Burke is an independent journalist and writer for NNPA as well as a political analyst and strategist as Principal of Win Digital Media LLC. She may be contacted at LBurke007@gmail.com and on twitter at @LVBurke

whom are in sub-Saharan Africa.

Prosper Africa

Along these lines, in a White House fact sheet accompanying Bolton’s address, the administration committed to “preventing, detecting, and responding to outbreaks of deadly infectious diseases.” Given that the Trump administration asked Congress to rescind $252 million in Ebola funding earlier this year, prevented U.S. health experts from working on the frontlines of the current Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and dismantled the global health security and biodefense directorate on the National Security Council, it remains to be seen how the administration will fulfill this commitment.

While Bolton focused on only the administration’s Africa strategy, he also referenced a new initiative, “Prosper Africa,” that presumably will be announced in the near future. This program is intended to support U.S. investment across the region, improve the business climate, and accelerate the growth of Africa’s middle class. The program should be aggressively pursued if the U.S. is serious in its intention of providing an alternative to China or Russia in Africa while advancing U.S. and African interests. Inevitably, USAID’s Private Sector Engagement Policy will be a central piece of the new initiative.

continued from page 11

its financial and political influence across Africa, although the reference appears to be more reflexive than anything else. While Russia’s trade with Africa has increased 10-fold between 2000 and 2012, it still accounts for less than 1 percent of Africa’s total trade.

More problematic for U.S. commercial interests in Africa than Russia and perhaps even China are the economic partnership agreements that the European Union has struck with 41 African countries that put U.S. exports to the region at a significant disadvantage.

As the U.S. Trade Representative’s 2018 Trade Barriers report notes, the agreement between the EU and the Southern Africa Development Community “will further erode U.S. export competitiveness in South Africa and the region.” This seems to have escaped the administration’s attention.

Tolerating Foreign Aid The Trump administration, which once wanted to cut development assistance by 30 percent, has now promised to use it “efficiently and effectively” to further U.S. interests in the region. There is no question that aid resources have been squandered in some areas. However, some U.S. aid programs have achieved extraordinary successes, such as the multibillion dollar President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), which has provided more than 13.3 million HIV-infected men, women, and children with antiretroviral therapies globally, the majority of

airlines:

LEGAL NOTICES

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continued from page 6

“Disgusting and heartbreaking. A referee known for his racism, Alan Maloney (google him), made high school wrestler Andrew Johnson cut off his dreads or lose the match. They were covered and gave him no advantage. So, he cut them off. He won the match. Never should’ve been allowed,” tweeted Shaun King regarding the incident.

strategy:

LEGAL NOTICES

• Thursday, DECEMBER 27, 2018

Security and the United Nations When discussing peace and security, Ambassador Bolton stated that the U.S. would only support effective and efficient U.N. peacekeeping missions.

The world agrees that the United Nations needs more accountable, robust, and effective peacekeeping missions that can decisively bring peace and ensure stability. But it is critical for the U.S. to be more specific about the actions it will take to address this issue and join efforts to reform and empower rather than weaken U.N. peacekeeping operations. The U.S.’s actions should be taken primarily against the belligerents who are causing conflicts and instability rather than the peacemakers and peacekeepers who are trying to end conflicts and bring stability.

With the passage of the Better Utilization of Investments Leading to Development Act in October—which will create the $60 billion U.S. Development Finance Corporation—the Trump administration may have established an agency with impact on par with the Millennium Challenge Corporation and initiatives such as PEPFAR, the African Growth and Opportunity Act, the Young Africa Leaders Initiative, and Power Africa. By emphasizing partnership over primacy, the Trump administration has the potential to establish a very positive legacy on the continent.

continued from page 11

Kenya Airways is already working on a plan with its host, the Kenya Airports Authority which will see it take charge of the Nairobi hub. South African Airways, RwandAir and Air Mauritius already enjoy this exclusivity in their Johannesburg, Kigali and Port Louis hubs.

“Once this comes into effect, we will see deeper cooperation between the four airlines on all aspects of their business. We are going to see realignments in terms of how they compete on both overlapping non-stop routes, and overlapping connecting routes,” The EastAfrican was told.

Codeshare Already, Kenya Airways and Air Mauritius have confirmed the alliance, with the Port Louis-based carrier noting in its last Annual General Meeting that this would allow the parties involved to achieve the much needed economies of scale for each.

“Consultations are ongoing with African airlines including SAA, Kenya Airways and RwandAir for the setting up of the first African alliance. An advantage

of these partnerships is to achieve economies of scale for better efficiency and collaborations including shared services and transfer of knowledge. For us, the goal is that Mauritius, becomes a powerful hub in Africa,” Air Mauritius board said at the AGM. Already, Air Mauritius has expanded its existing codeshare with Kenya Airways into a reciprocal agreement. This allows it to codeshare, as a marketing carrier, on all Kenya Airways-operated flights between Nairobi and Mauritius. Kenya Airways already places its code on Air Mauritius’s three times weekly Mauritius-Nairobi flights.

For Air Mauritius, the added connectivity to the African mainland via Nairobi and Kigali would also allow it to further its overall goal of developing its main Port Louis hub, the Mauritius Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam International Airport into a key conduit for Africa-Asia and Africa-Oceania traffic.

On the flipside, for Kenya Airways, which began its direct nonstop flights to New York, this would offer it clientele, based mainly on the fact that Mauritius is one of the World’s top tourist destination, feeding

through its Nairobi hub.

“We have had purely commercial discussions with all these airlines with regards to code sharing, interline, cargo business as well as possibilities of these airlines taking some of our excess flight deck and cabin crew,” SAA spokesperson Tlali Tlali said a statement, adding that the airline seeks to explore mutually beneficial opportunities to expand the network.

On Tuesday, SAA signed a deal with Emirates to expand an existing codeshare agreement, in a rare bright spot for the cash-strapped airline. The stateowned carrier, which has not made a profit since 2011, and received its $350 million government handouts, said the deal would see the two airlines leverage each other’s route networks, cargo services and flight schedules to boost passenger flows.

“The expansion of our commercial relationship will further strengthen key focus areas of the implementation of our turnaround plan,” said SAA chief executive Vuyani Jarana.

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security:

continued from page 11

uses. They have to compete for water with largescale users with permits.

There’s a way to address this.

The hybrid solution A guide for African policymakers has been developed that proposes a “hybrid approach” to deal with the problem. Instead of providing legal protection to a few, the approach recognises water uses governed by customary laws at equal legal standing as permits.

This is a suitable way for small-scale water users to invest in infrastructure and solve water sharing conflicts. And prioritisation of water uses that’s aligned with national goals and constitutional commitments protects the most vulnerable.

This approach is administratively lean. By targeting existing permits to regulate large-scale water users and integrating this with alternative arrangements for small-scale users, the administrative burdens that disadvantage many under the current systems can be overcome.

Collective permits where possible and appropriate would also be effective. This could preserve customary arrangements and protect local smallscale water users. It could overcome the bureaucratic hurdles faced by small scale users and lessen the burden on governments to implement individual permit systems.

A system built for purpose In practice, a hybrid approach to regulating water use is already in use because water authorities lack

the resources to raise awareness and to process and enforce millions of permits.

In Uganda, they refer to this practical focus on large-scale water users as the “20-80” practice. It focuses on the 20% of water users that use 80% of the water. In Kenya, targeted permitting has been formalised. Water users are categorised from A to D, depending on the impact their water use has, and they are regulated accordingly. However, the legal protection for small-scale users still remains unaddressed.

Ending hunger on the continent calls for a rethink of current water rights systems, and the implementation of systems built for purpose that recognise, prioritise and protect the water use of millions of small scale water users.

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Thursday, DECEMBER 27, 2018 •

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint www.sdvoice.info

General Membership Meeting

NAACP members and non-members alike are invited to the first General Membership Meeting of 2019. Our agenda includes the swearing in of President Clovis Honoré, Vice-President Francine Maxwell, and the balance of the 2019-2020 Officers and Executive Committee Members: Barbara Binns, Petrina Branch, Steve Dorner (2nd Vice President), Geneviéve L. Jones-Wright, Diane Langworthy (Assistant Secretary), Philip Liburd, Renita Payno (Secretary), Frank Petersen, Wanda Rogers (Assistant Treasurer), Khalada Salaam-Alaji, Darryl Stovall (Treasurer), Sherry Strothers, Kenya L. Taylor, Tenace and Carol Wiggins.

6:00pm, Thursday January 3rd Joe & Vi Jacobs Center Community Room 404 Euclid Avenue, San Diego We will also be asking for your input on the issues the Branch should prioritize in the new year, and you will have an opportunity to discuss what you would like to do with the Chairs of our various committees.

For more information, email info@sandiegonaacp.org or visit our website at www.sandiegonaacp.org

National Black Contractors Association

www.nationalbca.org Civil Rights aren’t about playing old Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. videos and reading his speeches once a year….

Medger, Malcolm and Martin (M.M.M.) gave their lives!

1

Today we have to make the most radical changes in order to preserve a future for African Americans, Women and other excluded groups in the construction industry for jobs and contracting opportunities in America.

Abdur-Rahim Hameed, National President of NBCA

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