Vol. 59 No. 46 Thursday, November 14, 2019

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Interactive Comprehensive Map Shows Thousands of31,2017 Vol.Vol. 5957 No. No. 4435 | | Thursday, ThursdayOctober August 31, 2019

Lynchings Thoughout American History

The map, which users can view based on region, also reveals the lynchings of Latinx people, Asians, Italians and Native Americans.

By Stacy M. Brown NNPA Newswire Correspondent

In the century following the Civil War, as many as 5,000 people of color were murdered by mobs who believed in the cause of white supremacy.

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See page 8

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Veterans Honored

Rafael Payare in the Park rd at 33 San Diego Veterans Day Parade SD Symphony’s New Music Director Conducts a Free Concert That Drew Thousands at Petco Park

On average, mobs killed nine people per month during the 1890s. Over the next 20 years, seven people each month were victims of lynch mobs.

The figures are all according to an interactive map project that tracks the history of lynching in America—state-by-state.

The map is called “Monroe Work Today.”

It is named after a black sociologist, who put together much of the information that details lynchings from 1835 to 1964, the period covered in the map’s data set.

Information found on the map reveals that black men were the most lynched group of people among the documented victims, usually due to mob violence after criminal accusations.

Photo: Samuel Li

By Shea McGee Contributing Writer

Lines for the first-ever concert by the San Diego Symphony were plentiful, given

See LYNCHINGS page 2

Photo: Brian Goodin

See PAYARE page 3

Black Teen Suicide Reaches Historic Highs

See VETERANS page 7

Australian Researchers Say

Botswana is Ancestral Home of Modern Humans

By Stacy M. Brown NNPA Newswire Senior Correspondent

African American teenagers in the United States historically have had lower suicide rates than their white counterparts—until now.

A new study analyzing suicide among American teens by a team led by researchers at the McSilver Institute for Poverty Policy and Research at New York University have uncovered several troubling trends from 1991 to 2017, among Black high school students in particular.

Researchers discovered that between 1991 and 2017, there has been an increase in the number of African American teens who said they had attempted suicide in the past year. Suicide rates for teenagers of other races and ethnicities either remained the same or decreased over that period.

By Stacy M. Brown

Bill Prasad, a licensed professional counselor with Contemporary Medicine Associates in Bellaire, Texas, cited what he believed are some reasons.

NNPA Newswire Senior Correspondent

“Lack of accessibility to mental health care, the inability to pay for medications and healthcare coverage, the lack of acceptance of mental illness among some members of the black community, and the availability of firearms,” Prasad stated.

Photo: iStockphoto / NNPA

Photo: iStockphoto / NNPA

The researchers did not cite a reason for the trend.

Prasad was not among the researchers involved in the study.

See SUICIDE page 2

The ancestral home of modern humans is in Botswana, according to a new study by researchers at the Garvan Institute of Medical Research in Sydney.

Although some of the oldest skeletal remains suggest an eastern African origin, Southern Africa is home to contemporary populations that represent the earliest branch of human genetic phylogeny, researchers said.

Vanessa M. Hayes, of the Genomics and Epigenetics Division of the Garvan Institute of Medical Research, and her colleagues said they used the mitochondrial DNA, which is passed down exclusively from mother to child, to map out the oldest known maternal line of humans alive today.

“It has been clear for some time that anatomically modern humans appeared in See BOTSWANA page 15

2

Thursday, November 14, 2019 •

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

ARTICLE CONTINUATION Lynching:

suicide:

continued from page 1

continued from page 1

The map, which users can view based on region, also reveals the lynchings of Latinx people, Asians, Italians and Native Americans.

Monroe Nathan Work lived from 1866 to 1945, and the interactive map is called a rebirth of one aspect of his work.

Work was compelled to document every known lynching that was happening in the United States.

“You might already be familiar with what lynching is, and this website will examine it more,” the website’s authors write. “Of course, it starts with an act of injustice: by sentencing someone outside the law with no process or trial. Even worse, at the turn of the century, the methods of lynching had become commonplace, fueled by hatred— and unspeakably cruel. It was Mr. Work’s meticulous recordkeeping that preserves the names that are now an important part of our history.”

Work was known to love sociology for its search for the facts.

According to his biography on the website, sociology enabled Work to demonstrate how African Americans actually lived, in comparison to racist stereotypes.

For example, his work, “A Half Century of Progress,” compares the years 1866 to 1922. Despite enduring slavery and violence prior to 1866, by 1922 black people had increased literacy rates by 70 percent and vastly improved economically. The number of homes owned by black people grew from 12,000 in 1866 to 650,000 in 1922, just 62 years later.

In aggregate, black people’s wealth grew by 750 percent, increasing from $20 million to $1.5 billion.

“Before this website, it impossible to search the web find an accurate scope of history of American lynching.

was and the The

names have always been kept safe but distant, in old archives and scholarly books and dissertations.

This site leaves the record open for all Americans, especially high school students who want to learn more than what their textbook has to say,” the site’s authors wrote.

The website provides an education on the definition of lynching.

It doesn’t always mean hanged from a tree.

“There were many ways that a mob could take the life of a victim they were after. Yes, many people died by hanging, but others were killed from a hail of gunshots, dragged to death behind a vehicle, and some were burned alive. Sometimes, the mob would do all of these things to a single person,” the authors wrote.

A victim usually was accused of something. Thus, lynching wasn’t a random attack. Many times, it was utterly trivial and not a crime at all, like talking back to a white person or daring to file a lawsuit.

Some lynchings that were rationalized as defending a women’s honor—a white woman—were actually covering up what were at the time, forbidden relationships.

Newspaper articles from the period reveal the flimsy reason was a black man found “hiding under the bed.”

Whatever the charge, it was never allowed to take its course in court.

An angry group broke into the jail, pulled the person out, and executed him or her outside the law.

Sometimes victims were tortured for a crowd’s amusement.

Some lynchings went far beyond mere murder. They included dark and brutal tortures to a person’s eyes, fingernails, genitals, orifices.

People were set afire, or bones were crushed, bodies mutilated, and sometimes cut into pieces. The person died in agony. This kind of

cruelty served as a lesson of terror to everyone else who might challenge the status quo.

Frank King, the so-called “Mental Health Comedian,” called the problem a “cultural phenomenon.”

Further, onlookers showed no signs of guilt for participating.

“Young people in these groups are less likely to share their issues surrounding depression and thoughts of suicide with friends and family than youth in other racial and ethnic groups,” King stated.

Many lynchings gathered a large crowd of spectators, like a carnival, and the lynching might be prolonged until more spectators could arrive.

For example, the lynching of Sam Hose in 1899 in Georgia caused the railroad to run extra trains to let more people come right after Sunday church. Many photographs exist today because they were taken as proud souvenirs and postcards.

Lynching began as a form of self-appointed justice in local communities in the 1800s, when townspeople made grave accusations first but never bothered to gather the proof. Then as the 1870s turned into the ’80s and onward, lynching became adopted as a terrorist tactic by white supremacists. When slavery was abolished, and as settlers continued to arrive on the West coast, there were very real crusades to change the United States to a place only for whites.

In the South, a mythology arose that lynching was the only way to protect their “gentle women” against a crime wave of rapes. Similarly, in 1933, the Governor of California publicly praised the lynching of one kidnapper by people on the street.

He promised to pardon anyone who might be prosecuted for participating in the mob, according to the website authors.

“God made the white into a man and implanted within his breast that determination to always be supreme among races of men,” read an October 29, 1920 article in the Okaloosa News-Journal in Florida.

“This is why the white man of the South, standing out boldly tells civilization: ‘I am a white man! I will rule!’ Were he to do otherwise, he would be a renegade to his race.”

Among the answers is starting the conversation on depression and suicide in high-risk groups,” he said.

“A partial answer is giving young people permission to give voice to their experiences and feelings, without recrimination, such as ‘If you were stronger in Christ this wouldn’t be happening,’ or ‘What do you have to be depressed about, we’ve given you everything. Your father and I started our life with nothing,’ and so forth,” King stated.

Researchers in the NYU study noted that suicide is the secondleading cause of death for teens from all demographics. They found that only accidents kill more young people than suicide.

The study also revealed that, in 2017, approximately 2,200 teens between the ages of 15 and 19 died by suicide.

Researchers gathered information provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 198,540 high school students from 1991 to 2017.

Among high school students of all demographics, 1 in 5 said they were thinking about suicide, and 1 in 10 said they had made a plan to end their lives.

CNN Health reported that the study is in line with earlier research that has shown African American boys, especially younger boys between the ages of 5 and 11, have experienced an increase in the rate of suicide deaths.

In black children ages 5 to 12, the suicide rate was found to be two times higher compared with white children, according to CNN Health.

The study authors found “an increased risk in reported suicide attempts among African-American teens between 1991 and 2017, and boys saw an increase in injuries related to those attempts. That might mean that black teens were using more lethal means when attempting suicide.”

They found a decline in attempts overall among teens who identified as white, Hispanic, Asian American, or Pacific Islander.

“As an African American woman, suicide is prominent in our community for two reasons: we often do not know how to handle it amongst our families, and the pressures on our culture are rising,” said Sabriya Dobbins of Project Passport LLC, a company that encourages getaway retreats centered around three mental wellness areas: reflection, community and personal.

“Oftentimes when a black family member says they want to take their life, the family may resort to church, belittle their response and tell them to stop overreacting, or simply assume it is not a big deal,” Dobbins stated.

“African American families are taught to be tough and to hold it together because it is already ‘us against the world.’ We are taught to put our heads down and work hard to get those degrees and move up in our careers.

“This causes expectations to be too high, then depression and anxiety are heightened. Not only are black youth trying to satisfy their families and be strong, but they are trying to fight their way through a world that is not always accepting.

A world where they are dying in alarming numbers in senseless crimes. It is a double edge sword.”

Parents should be on the lookout for risk factors, such as a recent or severe loss like death or divorce, said Dr. Fran Walfish, a Beverly Hills family and relationship psychotherapist, author of The Self-Aware Parent.

Dr. Walfish also counts as a regular expert child psychologist on CBS Television’s “The Doctors,” and she co-stars on WE TV’s, “Sexbox.”

“Parents should take heed when they observe specific warning signs like changes in behavior, including difficulty concentrating, difficulty focusing on school or following routine activities, researching ways to kill oneself on the internet, increasing the use of alcohol or other drugs, and acting recklessly,” Walfish stated.

Included among other signs are changes in personality, appearing withdrawn, isolating to their room, irritability, extreme mood changes that are more than typical moodiness, exhibiting rage or talking about seeking revenge, Walfish added.

Other alarms include changes in sleep patterns, insomnia, oversleeping, nightmares, talking about dying, going away, or different types of self-harm, she said.

“Teaching problem-solving and conflict resolution skills, building a strong connection to family, friends, and community support are ways to help,” Walfish stated.

“Restrict access to highly lethal means of suicide, such as firearms, and provide access to effective mental health care, including substance use treatment. Talk to your child. Many people are fearful that talking to their children about suicide will increase their risk of suicide. This is a myth,” Walfish said.

How to get help: In the US, call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-8255, or 1-800-432-8366. You can also visit http://teenlineonline.org.

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• Thursday, November 14, 2019

3

COMMUNITY NEWS

Rafael Payare in the Park

SD Symphony’s New Music Director Conducts a Free Concert That Drew Thousands at Petco Park Article continued from cover

Photos by Shea McGee and Samuel Li

By Shea McGee Contributing Writer

many to note. Only a few were spotted amongst the gathering of over 3,000 concert-goers, leaving one to wonder why so few showed.

Playing classical heavy hitters such as Beethoven and Tchaikovsky, Payare kept the music selections lively—especially with a choice of Tchaikovsky’s “Waltz of the Flowers” from The Nutcracker, and Hector Berlioz’s “Roman Carnival”. Such musical selections were appreciated with applauses from the mixed age crowd. There was even an enthusiastic solo dance performance from a young toddler in a pink ballerina tutu, which the crowd adored and welcomed.

Photo: Samuel Li

that it was a free concert that the Symphony was hoping would encourage more San Diegans to support the new Music Director Rafael Payare. Since his debut in early July at the Copley Symphony Hall in his new role, he has performed only a few shows with the Symphony, but hopes—and expectations— were high. Highly favored for the pick to be the new music director from the orchestra members as well as auditions he had to go through, Payare seems to be the right pick for the job.

Photo: Samuel Li

With the hopes from this free concert, Rafael Payare was quoted to the media via the Symphony in a statement as saying, “The Orchestra and I can’t wait to share this music with everyone. Music can draw us together and build new connections—and I welcome

my fellow San Diegans to experience the power of music, while taking in the sights and sounds of the city.” This mission was seemingly accomplished, but with a rather large demographic missing from the free concert, certain aspects of the great city of San Diego was missing in action. Access to such musical experiences seemed to be only meant for those in the know, not a lot of young or minority-born people were in the mix. If the word was more widespread, the turnout may have generated more diversity in the faces of the crowd.

Payare is an engaging and exciting music director, and gives the audience a show that they will just as soon speak to others about; word-of-mouth will travel quickly about him.

If only more young minority children got to witness him, it would provide another avenue for them to explore for themselves, for their futures.

The Venezuelan-born Payare took the stage as the crowd settled onto the grassy hills or assigned special seatings situated in front of the popular baseball stadium. The event was perfect for the day as the weather was warm and favorable. As indications of the sunny fall afternoon, the grassy seating areas was quickly filled by those looking to take in the hour-long show. Looking upon the crowd, you could see young and old throughout the faces, and many different cultural backgrounds as well.

However, as for Black attendees, there weren’t

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5

EDITORIAL/COMMENTARY/OPINION Remembering African American Vets Deserve More

Veterans with Honor

Than a Warm, Fuzzy ‘Thanks for Your Service’ Courtesy of The Washington Informer

By Dr. John E. Warren Publisher

On November 11, 2019 Americans honored those brave men and women who have served in the military. It all started on November 11, 1918 when an Armistice between the Allied forces of World War I and Germany went into effect. In November 1919, President Woodrow Wilson declared November 11th Armistice Day, in recognition of the end of the War that was to end all Wars.

In 1938, the U.S. Congress passed an Act declaring November 11, Armistice Day, a national holiday. In 1954, after World War II, President Dwight D. Eisenhower proposed and the Congress approved changing the name Armistice Day to Veterans Day, honoring all Americans who had served in all wars.

But the celebrations we have today do not do justice to the African Americans who have fought and died for America, in spite of the racism and segregated practices that have denied us full and equal treatment. Consider the following Hall of Fame of African Americans who have served and in many instances, died for this country: Crispus Attucks, son of a slave, first American casualty of the Revolutionary War. March 5, 1770; Nurse Susie King Taylor, who in the 1800s, when it was illegal for African Americans to be educated, snuck in lessons at an underground school which she built with her passion to help others. She met and worked alongside Clara Barton, founder of the Red Cross.

During the Civil War; Lewis Martin of the 29th U.S. Colored Infantry, who lost a leg and an arm following the Battle of the Crater in July 1864; the Buffalo Soldiers, as the Colored Soldiers of the 10th Cavalry became known, who fought both in the Civil War and the Indian Wars where they got the name “ Buffalo” from Native Americans; and Corporal Freddie Stowers, who led the all-Black 371st Infantry Regiment in France in a successful battle against German troops and was recommended for the Medal of Honor which was not given to him until 70 years later and awarded posthumously to his family. We also remember Corporal John T. Van Rensalier of the 350th HQ. Battalion who was awarded the French Legion of Honor in WWI; Doris “Dorie” Miller, a Mess Stewart in the U.S. Navy, who became the first African American to win the Navy Cross based on service at Pearl Harbor in WWII. Let us not forget African American women like Colonel Margaret Barley serving in WWI and fighting for integrated military housing when Blacks were still fighting and living in a segregated army.

Let us remember Colonel Charles Young, the 3rd African American to graduate from West Point Military Academy and the first African American to reach the rank of “Colonel” in the U.S. Army; or the Tuskegee Airman, Colored fighter pilots who never lost a plane they were escorting during WWII and paved the way for more than 1.2 million African Americans to enter the service

during and following that war.

We remember with pride our pioneering Black generals like General Benjamin Oliver Davis, Sr.,U.S. Army, the first African American to obtain that rank in the U.S. Army, and his son Benjamin Oliver Davis, Jr., U.S. Air Force, as well as General Daniel “Chappy” James, fighter pilot, U.S. Air Force and General Colin Powell, City College of New York ROTC graduate who rose to become a four star general and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, twice, as well as the first African American Secretary of State under President George Bush.

Of the 3470 Medals of Honor given out since the beginning of this Award, 89 have been given to African Americans and the first African American to receive one was William Carney on July 18, 1863.

So, this Veterans Day, all African Americans have a very special and proud history to celebrate, recognizing that among those we honor and remember are our own countless “Band of Brothers and Sisters” that must not be forgotten in the first of Parades and Holiday Sales. “And still we rise.”

On Monday, Nov. 11, our nation paused to honor the men and women who have taken a sacred oath to protect America by either land, sea or air, in times of war or peace, as active or formerly active members of the armed forces. Federal workplaces, post offices, banks— even a few public schools—closed for Veterans Day (originally called Armistice Day) as America offered its gratitude to living veterans for their service and sacrifices.

In many cities, there was plenty of pomp and circumstance as highstepping drum majors led marching bands in patriotic expressions during parades and programs amidst backgrounds of red, white and blue in a tradition that became a national, annually-observed holiday in 1938.

However, despite the usual proliferation of Betsy Ross-inspired flags fluttering in the wind and sopranos articulating the words of our national anthem, history shows that we haven’t always treated our veterans with the kind of respect they’ve earned and deserve.

Black vets returning home after World War I were often attacked, harassed, asked to show their “tails” and forced to accept secondclass citizenship, despite having put their very lives on the line for their country. Asian Americans faced similar injustices after serving in World War II and coming back to the U.S. As for veterans of the Vietnam War, they would be regarded as pariahs—unfortunate

pawns caught in the middle of political fallout that came both during and decades after a war that millions of Americans neither wanted or condoned.

And while well-meaning expressions like “thanks for your service” are undoubtedly appropriate, today’s veterans deserve and need a lot more than conciliatory phrases as they seek to assimilate back into civilian life. Many face hurdles that seem all but insurmountable including higher than national average rates of unemployment, homelessness and suicide—20 veterans on average take their own lives each day.

In addition, disability rates are higher among veterans with an estimated 29 percent of recent vets facing a variety of service-related disabilities: missing limbs, burns, spinal cord injuries, post-traumatic stress disorder, hearing loss and traumatic brain injuries.

We may never be able to fully understand their pain, physical or emotional, the acute sense of loneliness and isolation that afflicts those plagued by PSTD or who were once prisoners of war or the added pressure that overwhelms those vets who had prior mental health challenges even before their years of service. But we can make sure they receive adequate support and services that will make their lives more manageable and meaningful.

Saying “thanks for your service” may be a fitting beginning but it simply is not enough.

Reality TV—The Respectable and the Ratchet

By Nsenga K. Burton, Ph.D. NNPA Newswire Entertainment and Culture Editor

Much to the chagrin of some media critics, scholars and television fans, reality television is here to say.

Colloquially referred to as “ratchet tv,” reality television is loved and loathed often by the same fan base who like or detest the genre for the same reasons.

Some of the reality shows, particularly those with all-women and all-black casts, have become synonymous with promoting the worst of women’s behavior with constant bickering, physical fighting, back stabbing, pettiness, anger and meanspiritedness put on full display.

Many believe the shows highlight the most stereotypical behavior of women in general and black women in particular. Others enjoy the genre as an escape from the reality of their everyday lives and appreciate the entrepreneurial endeavors of the women on the shows, sometimes resulting in spin-offs like Vanderpump Rules and retail businesses owned by members of the casts of RHOA, RHONY, RHOP and Love and Hip-

Hop Atlanta.

Whether network or cable television programs, reality television shows garner some of the highest ratings in broadcast and cable television.

Season 12 of The Real Housewives of Atlanta (RHOA) returned to television Sunday, November 3 and Real Housewives of Beverly Hills made history by adding actress Garcelle Beauvais to the cast, making the former model the first Black woman on that particular franchise.

Married to Medicine’s programming day has been changed multiple times; yet and still their fans continue to find them and bring new fans with them along the way.

There’s an old adage that says you should never discuss politics or religion in polite company. Perhaps another category should be added?

Reality television. Reality shows continuously rank high on ratings lists; reality shows featuring women casts and all black casts continuously rank high on cable ratings lists.

The Bachelorette (ABC) earns $250,000 per season, while some Teen Mom’s (MTV) like Catelyn Lowell earn $500,000 per season. As for the Real Housewives franchise (BRAVO), the beginning salary per season started off at $7,250 for the entire season of season 1 of Real Housewives of New York.

New reports claim Bethany Frankel made upwards of $1.5 million per season for her last turn on RHON, while Lisa Vanderpump (The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills) and Nene Leaks (RHOA) make up to $2.7 million per season. It is estimated that Kim Kardashian rakes in $7 million per season for Keeping Up the Kardashians.

While it is easy to assume that reality stars are making that kind of money, the vast majority are not, particularly on women cast shows whose reruns dominate daytime television programming and new episodes strike ratings gold for primetime audiences.

Most reality shows of this type– women cast housewives shows–

are filmed with three to five crew members on location, unlike soap operas which were historically filmed on set, with scores of crew members and star salaries that were in the millions of dollars.

The lower production costs of reality shows including crew and star salaries coupled with the rise of social media giants Facebook and Twitter brought the reign of daytime soap operas to a screeching halt.

While many want to get rid of what some call “Trash TV,” reality television is here to stay, if for nothing else–high return on investment in the form of advertising and viewership relative to the low cost of production and distribution.

The reality shows with black women casts do represent the worst of what folks have to say about black people, but they also fill the desire for black people in general and black women specifically to be seen on television.

It is impossible to dismiss the large audiences in general and women of color they draw despite the chorus of

TO ADVERTISE Print and Online: Phone: (619) 266-2233 Fax: (619) 266-0533 Email: ads@sdvoice.info SEND PRESS RELEASES TO: Email: news@sdvoice.info

naysayers who believe the stereotypes bring more harm than good by playing into the “angry woman” stereotype among others.

Therein lies the rub. Why is it that in a reality genre that is teeming with shows ranging from tow truck operators to police officers to college kids sharing a house together to dance teams and the lives of little people, are so many bothered by the black cast reality shows? It is possible to realize that much of what you are watching is problematic and find some sense of pleasure in the show despite the problematic images? Is Rachel Lindsay, the first black Bachelorette, any worse than the twenty “Bachelorettes” that came before her?

Is there room for more diverse representations of blacks on reality television shows? More importantly, if the formula changed as White would prefer, will audiences watch these new types of reality shows with the same fervor as “ratchet” reality shows? Does it have to come down to the respectable and the ratchet or is there something in between?

AD DEADLINES: Announcements, Classifieds, Obituaries, and Display Ads are due: Tuesday by 12:00 noon, preceding date of publication

6

Thursday, November 14, 2019 •

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint www.sdvoice.info

Henrietta Crowder

Viola Jackson

SUNRISE

SUNRISE

10/26/67

5/23/21

SUNSET

SUNSET

10/30/19

11/16/19

ARRANGEMMENTS BY PREFERRED CREMATION & BURIAL

HENRIETTA HARDY-CROWDER was born October 26, 1967 in Little Rock, Arkansas to Henry B. and Sadie L. Hardy. She was the third and youngest child, and accepted Christ at an early age.

VIOLA MAE ADDIE ROBERSON was born in Moundville, Alabama on May 23, 1921. She was the first of 6 children, and when she was only 9 months old, her parents moved to Ypsilanti, Michigan.

Henrietta attended and graduated from Twain High School in 1985. After Graduation she worked several jobs, Job Corps, North Island Naval Base, Security for the Airport, and these last twentyfive years, she worked as a leak detector for the City of San Diego Water Department, and was very good at her job. In November 1994, Henrietta married the love of her life, John Crowder, Jr. To this union two beautiful children were born, Jonelle Monet Crowder and John Crowder III (John John), both of San Diego. Henrietta loved her family with all of her heart, until she was called home Wednesday, October 30, 2019 at 9:45 am to a long and terrible illness.

She attended Ypsilanti High School and Cleary Business College where she pledged as a member of the Eta Phi Beta Sorority.

In 1948, she married her sweetheart, Harold Jackson.

Vi’s two children, Alan and Kelly, were both born in Detroit.

In 1961, they packed up family and headed west.

Through the years Vi enjoyed life. She became a member of St. Paul’s Cathedral, where she volunteered in the Thrift store, weekly, from 1980 to 2012. She has always been active in a variety of organizations— the Parent Teacher Association, Jack & Jill of America, Las Munecas Auxiliary to Children’s Home Society, Elementary Institute of Science, Free Wheelers Motor Home Club, Tema Sister City Society to name a few. From 1981 to 1982 she served on San Diego County’s Grand Jury.

She loved to play bridge and In the late 80’s she became a member of the Aztec Duplicate Bridge Club and the American Contract Bridge League; playing twice a week and traveling to tournaments.

At 98, she enjoyed her family—her 2 children, 4 grandchildren and 9 great grandchildren and 1 great-great grandson. She was well known for her love (and collection) of books and continued to play bridge, attend plays, events and casino trips up until her passing.

Henrietta was preceded in death by her father Henry B. Hardy, grandparents Walter and Myrtle Bailey, and one brother Christopher Hardy. She leaves to celebrate her life and cherish her memories, mother Sadie L. Hardy, children Jonelle and John Crowder, one sister Elizabeth Hardy, half brother Sonny Hardy, Jr., father and mother-inlaw John, Sr. and Lucy Crowder, sister-in-law Cynthia Crowder, and ex-husband John Crowder, Jr., all of San Diego; and a host of uncles, aunts, nephews, nieces, cousins, and many friends and co-workers.

Henrietta was and is loved, and will be missed by all.

Her Home Going Service will be held on Saturday, November 16, 2019 at 11:00am at the St. Paul’s Cathedral at 2728 6th Avenue, San Diego, CA

IN MEMORIAM: Bernard J. Tyson, the First Black CEO of Kaiser Permanente Tanu Henry California Black Media

On Sunday, Nov. 10, Bernard J. Tyson, the first Black chairman and CEO of California-Based Kaiser Permanente, passed away in his sleep. Americans across the country - and Californians across the state - joined Tyson’s shocked family members, colleagues and loved ones to remember the Bay Area native’s many contributions to his home state and country.

largest Fortune 500 company in the United States. In 2017, Time Magazine included Tyson on its list of the world’s 100 Most Influential people.

Tyson, known across the country as one of the leading experts on U.S. health policy, was the only Black CEO of a billion-dollar corporation of a similar size in California. If Kaiser were publicly traded and were not a non-profit corporation, it would have been the 42nd

Tyson’s family has not yet announced the cause of his death.

The Golden Gate University alum (undergrad and graduate degrees) was also one of only five Black CEOS in the United States leading a major corporation. Kaiser Permanente administered 12.2 million health plans in 2018 Kaiser Permanente, the health insurance and hospital and reported a net income of $2.5 billion. The corporation’s system Tyson led as CEO since 2013 – and Chairman operating budget hovers just under $80 billion and it runs since 2014 – announced the 60-year-old executive’s more than 700 medical facilities, including hospitals, sudden death. across the United States.

Tyson is survived by his wife, Denise Bradley-Tyson, and three sons: Bernard J. Tyson, Jr., Alexander and Charles.

ANDERSON-RAGSDALE MORTUARY 5050 Federal Boulevard San Diego, California 92102 (619) 263-3141 www.andersonragsdalemortuary.com

“STILL FAMILY OWNED STILL THE SAME QUALITY SERVICE STILL WORTHY OF YOUR TRUST”

H.W. “Skipper” Ragsdale, III Owner (In Memoriam)

Valerie Ragsdale Owner

Continuing over 130 Years of Service

Kevin Weaver General Manager

If Tomorrow Never Comes If I knew it would be the last tine that I’d see you fall asleep, I would tuck you in the more tightly and pray the Lord, your soul to keep. If I knew it would be the last time that I see you walk out the door, I would give you a hug and kiss and call you back for one more.

If I knew it would be the last time I’d hear your voice lifted up in praise, I would videotape each action and word, so I could play them back day after day.

If I knew it would be the last time, I could spare and extra minute or two to stop and say, “I love you,” instead of assuming, you would know I do.

If I knew it would be the last time I would be there to share your day, well I’m sure you’ll have so many more, so I can let just this one slip away.

For surely there’s always tomorrow to make up for an oversight, and we always get a second chance to make everything right.

There will always be another day to say “I love you’s”, And certainly there’s another chance to say our “Anything I can do’s?”

But just in case I might be wrong, and today is all I get, I’d like to say how much I love you and I hope we never forget, Tomorrow is not promised to anyone, young or old alike, And today may be the last chance you get to hold your loved one tight.

So if you’re waiting for tomorrow, why not do it today?

For if tomorrow never comes, you’ll surely regret the day, That you didn’t take that extra time for a smile, a hug, or a liss and you were too busy to grant someone, what turned out to be their one last wish.

So hold your loved ones close today, whispher in their ear, Tell them how much you love them and that you’ll always hold them dear.

Take time to say “I’m sorry,” “please forgive me,” “thank you” or “it’s okay”.

And if tomorrow never comes, you’ll have no regrets about today.

WWW.SDVOICE.INFO

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

• Thursday, November 14, 2019

7

COMMUNITY NEWS Veterans Honored at 33rd San Diego Veterans Day Parade Article continuation from cover

By Brian Goodin Contributing Writer

Veterans Day is an American tradition that originated as a way to celebrate the anniversary of the ending of World War I. On November 11, 1919 it was known as Armistice, an agreement made by the opposing forces to stop fighting. It wasn’t until 1926 that Congress passed a resolution to be observed annually by all Americans, officially known as Veterans Day. November 11, 2019 at 10 a.m. marked the 33rd annual San Diego Veterans Day Parade, which took place on the beautiful waterfront of the San Diego Harbor.The parade began at the County Administration building on the waterfront, spanning a distance of 1 mile heading south on N. Harbor Drive, past a long row of grandstands, past the Star of India, the B Street Pier, the USS Midway, and finally onto Pacific Highway where it turned left to the dismissal area.

This year’s Grand Marshall for the parade was Maj. Gen Angela Salinas, with the U.S. Marine Corps. The Parade featured local Vietnam War veterans and Pearl Harbor survivors, along with current active duty service men and women from all branches of the military. Thousands of spectators were also treated to several drill team

performances by local high schoolers from Morse and Mount Miguel, just to name a couple. These performers really showed off their excellent precision during their routines.

Support and participation from local politicians, such as California State Assemblyman Todd Gloria and Lemon Grove’s first African American female Mayor, Racquel Vasquez, who could be seen riding in an orange convertible corvette as she took a moment to express her gratitude for veterans.

Vasquez said “It’s so very important to honor all branches of our armed forces for their sacrifice towards freedom. Without it we wouldn’t have this quality of life that we live in America.”

Art Harris, a United States Navy veteran who lives in San Diego and attended Saturday’s parade, served from 19551976 and patrolled rivers on riverboats in Vietnam. He also had a job supplying uniforms to P.O.W’s (prisoners of foreign wars), who were released by opposing forces during the Vietnam War. He said the biggest accomplishments from his service in the military were learning how to work as a team and returning home alive.

Photos: Brian Goodin

The Community is Invited to The 5th Annual Wreaths Across America Day Greenwood Memorial Park & Mortuary

4300 Imperial Avenue. San Diego, California 92113

December 14, 2019, 9:00 am – 11:00am Every December, the mission on National Wreaths Across America Day is to:

REMEMBER the fallen veterans, HONOR those that have served and their families, and TEACH our children the value of freedom.

Greenwood Memorial Park is the first private cemetery in San Diego selected to be a part of this ceremony. We will honor as many of the 10,000 veterans buried here as we can with wreaths.

How Can You Help?

• Join us Saturday, December 14th at 9am at Greenwood Memorial Park to participate in the ceremony and volunteer to help lay the wreaths on veteran graves.

• Honor A Veteran by Sponsoring a Wreath for $15.00 each.

Go to: http://waasandiego.com/Sponsor_a_Wreath.htm Select “To sponsor a wreath to come to Greenwood”, click here.

Scroll down and follow the instructions to (a) Sponsor a wreath; (b) Volunteer; (c) Invite others.

Please note: The deadline to sponsor a wreath for 2019 is November 27, 2019

Thank You in Advance for Your Support

Gloria James Greenwood Coordinator,

Wreaths Across America

Gloria.James@Greenwoodsd.com

FD #843

Cell (504) 615-4588 Office (619) 527-3018

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,  14, 2019 •

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

the phi omicron chapter of omega psi phi fraternity incorporated

70th Anniversary Gala Contributing Writer Voice & Viewpoint

This past weekend marked 70 years of service in the San Diego area for The Phi Omicron Chapter of Omega Psi Phi Fraternity Incorporated (Chairman Eric O. Johnson 1 – Lambda Beta Beta – 11 LM #7792) The weekend started with some community service work at the Neighborhood house on Thursday. Friday was a golf and a social luncheon to get reacquainted with the Phi Omicron brothers who moved out of state. Saturday was the Gala at the Sheraton Four Points Hotel on Aero Drive.

The 70th Anniversary gala’s Master of Ceremony was Victor Baker who received both his B.S. and Master’s degrees from San Diego State and guest speaker was Geneviéve L. Jones-Wright, Esq who was raised by her single mother in a low-income home in Southeastern San Diego, California. Geneviéve obtained a J.D. from Howard Law after graduating from the University of San Francisco with a B.A. in mass media communications. She obtained an LL.M. in Trial Advocacy specializing in federal criminal defense from California Western School of Law and from 2006 to 2019 she has proudly served San Diego County as a public defender.

Phi Omicron held its annual essay contest and awarded a scholarship to Joseph E. Cummings ll for being the grand prize winner for most outstanding essay.

The Phi Omicron Chapter of Omega Psi Phi Fraternity Incorporated was chartered November 1st, 1949 by (Grandson Phelps, Percy Steele, John Williams, Louis Wideman, Luther Crawford, James Nobel, E.B. Singleton) in San Diego California. Phi Omicron is the 4th oldest 12th District Graduated Chapter, with distinguished men of all walks of life. The rich traditions of

Phi Omicron are exhibited through our members who serve many roles in the Armed services, Medical profession, Judicial system, Clergy, Educators Engineers, Business and more.

The mission of the Phi Omicron Chapter of Omega Psi Phi Fraternity is to be the foremost fraternal organization in San Diego to serve both the Professional and the private community, with professionalism, and brotherhood.

Special thanks to Basileus Oliver Windell Tidwell, Vice Basileus Jerome J.R. White, Keeper of Records & Seals Huey Ratcliff, Keeper of Finance Richard Turner and Keeper of Peace Anthony Sims for an “Outstanding Omega” Year The Founders of Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Inc. recognized the importance of the intellect in all matters pertaining to the advancement of humankind. As such, they made Scholarship the foremost of the Fraternity’s four Cardinal Principles: Manhood, Scholarship, Perseverance, and Uplift.

Scholarship is no side issue – it is an integral and deep-rooted component of this organization. Every member, Chapter, and District of the Fraternity is dedicated to Scholarship.

Thus, the Charles R. Drew Memorial Scholarship Commission (CRDMSC) was formed to give international recognition to future leaders of society and to foster scholastic achievement in the Fraternity.

Funding for all scholarship and grants is provided each year through a generous donation by the Omega Life Membership Foundation, Inc. (http://www.olmf.org/). For more information about The Phi Omicron Chapter of Omega Psi Phi Fraternity Incorporated visit www.bajaques.com

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4c

There are no limits to what you can accomplish.

You have the power to redefine what’s possible. From being the first to graduate college to becoming the next big star in your field — you work relentlessly to knock down barriers and build a stronger legacy. We call that being empowerful.

As you continue to create more financial stability for you and your family, Wells Fargo will be right by your side helping to make it happen. You’ve come this far. We can help you go further.

Learn how at:

wellsfargo.com © 2019 Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. IHA-24730_A35

Photos by Steve Peterson

..

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

• ,  14, 2019

9

Biscuits, Grits & Politics is Back on the Menu The venerable weekly newspaper relaunches its monthly community forum.

Photos Courtesy of Briannah Greene and Leonard Thompson

By Helen Ofield Contributing Writer

Helmed by Dr. John Warren, editor/ publisher, and Latanya West, managing editor, of the indispensable weekly, San Diego Voice & Viewpoint, “Grits, Biscuits & Politics 2.0” was reborn on Nov. 5, 2019 at the newspaper’s headquarters, 3619 College Avenue.

This fascinating session drew a room packed with movers and shakers in education, law, religion, culture, business, social services and politics all keen to share viewpoints, forecasts and productive conversation about the issues affecting Americans of every background.

Said Dr. Warren, “My goal is to educate without saying ‘school is in session.’ I want a place and time for an open and educational dialogue for all who are interested, with an emphasis on Blacks since we need to do catch-up.”

At $15 per ticket, this forum is a deal.

You get great grits, fluffy biscuits, fresh fruit, scrambled eggs and sausage, and lots of tea or coffee from 7:30 - 8 am, prepared by Tanya Davis, executive chef, Baker’s Oven & Creamer, and served by volunteers. Then, fortified for the day, you get brain food dispensed with Dr.

Warren’s trademark wit and insight — and also from special guests. On Nov. 5 that guest was Dr. Willie Blair, state president of BAPAC (Black American Political Association of California.

In the audience was Andriea St. Julian, Esq., president, Earl B. Gilliam Bar Association. At the microphone were multiple articulate speakers on everything from soaring rents, home ownership, homelessness and water, to voter suppression in 26 states.

Dr. Blair noted that 95% of Black women consistently vote; that nimbyism is alive and well in California (and nationally); and that the 1964 Civil Rights Act is under siege with Roe, Miranda and other safeguards threatened.

Dr. Warren reminded the group of 192 years of Black newspaper publishing (Voice & Viewpoint will be 60 in 2020), that community participation (or even simple errands) is hampered by costly trolley and bus fares, causing riders to pay three times to get somewhere. Yet, he urged, reading, asking questions, thinking, involving family and neighbors, and sticking together are crucial to the kind of progress envisioned by Citizen Thomas Paine in the American Revolution.

“Biscuits, Grits & Politics 2.0” will be back Dec. 12 from 7:30 - 9 am, 3619 College Avenue, with informed speakers, great breakfast, your questions and good company—four of the things that make life worth living.

Go to https://sdvoice.info for more information.

Financial help for more people than ever before

More money is now available through Covered California to help lower the cost of health insurance. Meaning additional assistance for those already getting it and new financial help for many who may not have qualified in the past.

CoveredCA.com

To have coverage starting January 1, enroll by December 15.

10

Thursday, November 14, 2019 •

www.sdvoice.info

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

COMMUNITY SPORTS

Super Q-Bowl Saturday

By Darrel Wheeler Contributing Writer

On the second Saturday of November, San Diego High School’s football field was filled with wild Cougars, Bulls, Raiders, Warriors, Aztecs, some Diablos and a bunch of tough Buccaneers.

The best teams in their respective divisions met up at this year’s SDYF Super Q Bowl Champions to see who the best of the best is.

Bonita’s 10-under Buc’s defeated Los Toros in a defensive toe-to-toe battle as they revenged their earlier season loss to Los Toros’ raging bulls.

Bonita’s speedy Buccaneer Lajuan Johnson’s fourthquarter interception for a 35 yard touchdown turned out to be the game clincher giving the buccaneers their much wanted revenge victory 14-6.

“I know I had to make that pick. I saw the ball in the air and I just went for it, grabbed

it, and took off, and I had the best block ever from Jea’veyon Allen,” Lajuan said.

Super Buc Jea’veyon Allen also intercepted an errant pass with seconds remaining in the big game, sealing the fate of LT’s Bulls.

Oceanside’s new-look Warriors were also out for some revenge after losing to the Raiders of Balboa earlier in the season. O-Side pulled off the day’s biggest upset, beating the nationally ranked and last year’s National Champion Raiders by holding the Raiders high scoring offense to 8 points.

Congratulations to all the teams that made it to this year’s Q Bowl Championships.

Photos: Darrel Wheeler

Chula Vista-12, Oceanside-6 (8-U), Los Toro’s-42, Bonita-0 (9-U), Bonita-14, Los Toros-6 (10-U), Oceanside-14, Balboa-8 (11-U), TIerrasanta-8, Bonita-0 (12-U), Bonita-52, South San Diego-0 (14-U).

Friday, February 7, 2020 Jacobs Center

404 Euclid Avenue, San Diego, CA 92114

Reception: 6:30 pm Dinner: 7:00 to 9:00 pm $100 per Person $1,000 per table Black Tie FIRST COME FIRST SERVED Expected To Sell Out Early LIMITED SEATING

TICKETS NOW AVAILABLE • Use PayPal to Buy www.sdvoice.info/gala

www.sdvoice.info

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

• November 14, 2019

11

HEALTHY LIVING / EDUCATION Can Exercise Ward Off 3 Tips For Flu Season Cold and Flu Symptoms?

By Greg Frank, Ph.D.

By Staff Writer

Contributing Writer

Voice & Viewpoint Newswire

As cold and flu season approaches, so does the season of illness prevention.

From getting flu shots to adding a little extra Vitamin C to our diets, prevention often becomes a focus for those concerned with getting sick, missing work and/or school, and optimizing the joy of their upcoming Holiday Seasons.

Many people wonder: Can exercise boost my immune system?

According to San Diegobased physical therapist, Brett Bloom, the answer is broader than the question itself.

“In general, healthy living is the true key to building and maintaining a strong immune system, and regular exercise and proper nutrition are definitely an important component of this,” said Bloom.

“Some studies have shown that exercise on its own can play a role in reducing the length and intensity of colds and flu,” Bloom added. “But, you can’t discount the long-lasting, immune-boosting benefits of other habits like eating right, staying hydrated, getting plenty of sleep, and reducing stress.”

Research supporting exercise as an immune booster often points to many of the benefits inherent in regular fitness routines as factors that also help ward off illness: weight management, lower blood pressure, reduction in stress, and improved circulation.

At the same time, some studies have concluded that regular, mild-intensity exercise can help reduce illness, while prolonged, high-intensity exercise can have the opposite effect by making one more susceptible to catching a bug.

“I tell people that if they feel they may be catching something—a cold, a flu or whatever may be going around—they should pull back on the length and intensity of their exercise routine just to be on the safe side,” Bloom said. “Keep getting your exercise, but also take greater care to make sure you’re staying hydrated, eating well and giving your body time to recover.”

If you do get sick? According to advice from the Mayo Clinic, that doesn’t necessarily mean you can’t continue to exercise.

They offer the following two rules of thumb:

The Neck Rule: If you catch a cold and find that all the symptoms are concentrated above the neck (i.e., nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing and/or a minor sore throat), it’s typically OK to exercise. Simply reduce your intensity. Instead of going for a jog, for instance, opt to go for a walk.

In contrast, if you find that you’re experiencing symptoms below the neck— things like a congested chest, a hacking cough or an upset stomach—it’s best to not exercise at all.

The Fever Rule: Also, if you have a fever or are experiencing muscle aches and fatigue throughout your body, take a break from exercising.

Instead, get some rest, stay hydrated and, if things don’t improve over a couple of days, visit your doctor.

“It’s always your best bet to listen to your body,” Bloom said. “Just don’t overdo it.

Pushing your body too hard when it’s fighting an illness can do you more harm than good.”

Learn more at www. longevityphysicaltherapy. com.

Financial Aid Tip

Know Your School’s Satisfactory Academic Progress Standards

You k now t he signs.

The t hunderous cough.

The pounding headache.

The full-body fatigue.

It’s the flu. Last fall and winter, influenza sickened roughly 40 million Americans and killed 60,000, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Here are four tips to stay healthy: 1. An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.

People should get the flu vaccine early. Every year, this shot prevents up to 6.7 million flu cases, 87,000 hospitalizations, and 10,000 deaths. The vaccine also helps make the flu less severe for those who do catch it.

The CDC recommends obtaining a flu shot no later than the end of October.

The treatment takes around two weeks to become fully effective, so there’s no time to waste.

2. Your mom was right: If you do fall ill, remember your mother’s advice. Drink lots of fluids. Juice, Gatorade, herbal teas, and chicken soup can help fight dehydration.

Menthol ointments and humidifiers break up mucus

and make it easier to breathe.

3. Remember that antibiotics won’t help. Influenza is caused by a virus. Antibiotics, which only treat bacterial infections, are completely useless against viruses.

Not all patients realize this.

Many clamor for antibiotics at the first sign of flu-like symptoms.

Such antibiotics won’t make people feel any better. In fact, needlessly taking antibiotics increases people’s risk of future infections. It gives bacteria an opportunity to evolve and become

immune to treatments—a phenomenon known as “antimicrobial resistance.”

And always remember that antibiotics come with risks if they are overused, because overuse can spread drugresistant bacteria known as ‘superbugs.”

So remember—get your shots early, follow your mother’s advice, and don’t jeopardize your health by needlessly taking antibiotics.

Greg Frank, Ph.D., is the director of infectious disease policy at the Biotechnology Innovation Organization.

Come See! The new Emergency Room in town before it opens!

By Staff Writer Voice & Viewpoint Newswire

One important phrase in the language of student aid is satisfactory academic progress, or SAP, according to KHEAA, a public, nonprofit agency established in 1966 to improve students’ access to college.

All colleges that award federal student aid must have SAP standards. Those standards are based on three key areas: your GPA, your pace and a maximum time frame.The GPA you’re required to have may vary by school, major and whether you’re an undergraduate or graduate student. time frame might be that you have to pass those 120 hours without attempting more than 150 hours.

The maximum time frame means you’ll have to finish your degree within a given number of attempted credit hours. For example, your school requires you to pass 120 credit hours to earn a bachelor’s degree. The maximum

The catch is: if you don’t meet your school’s SAP standards, you may not be able to receive state or federal student aid. Make sure you know what your college’s standards are before you get in trouble.

Thursday December 5 11 AM-3 PM

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Thursday, November 14, 2019 •

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint

INTERNATIONAL NEWS

ROGUE SECURITY FORCE BEHIND MISTREATMENT OF NIGERIAN

FREE SPEECH ACTIVISTS

By Staff Writer

Global Information Network

Human rights defenders around the world are asking if Nigeria has been captured by a rogue body of intelligence operatives who overrule judicial orders and have kept activists locked behind bars for such “crimes” as freedom of speech.

This week, Nigerians marked the anniversary of the death of environmental activist Ken SaroWiwa and eight colleagues 24 years ago. The so-called “Ogoni 9” were lynched by the Nigerian state for exercising free speech and denouncing the actions of oil companies occupying lands of the Ogoni people. Their gruesome deaths opened a window for the world to view the destruction of water resources and the devastation of villages by companies engaged in pumping oil from the creeks of the Niger Delta.

An inspiring orator, Saro-Wiwa launched a movement—MOSOP— which energized members of the Ogoni people and in 1993 some 300,000 turned out for a mass rally.

The military dictator at the time, General Sani Abacha, allegedly conspired with oil giant Shell to capture and hang Saro-Wiwa. After years of litigation, in 2009, Shell agreed to pay $15.5 million to settle the charges while not admitting guilt.

Shell operated in Ogoniland from 1958 to 1993 and environmental campaign group Greenpeace points to the legacy of environmental degradation those operations and spillages have left.

and Raypower Radio station, were suspended, according to Human Rights Watch (HRW), for vague reasons. A week later, the Department of State Security Services (DSS) declared a crackdown on social media users for posting materials described as threatening to the country’s peace and stability.

Accused of acting arbitrarily and with impunity, the DSS has been implicated in human rights violations including detention without trial and torture.

Today, free speech is still unfree.

Provisions in Nigeria’s constitution protect the right to freedom of expression and provide that any restriction to this right must be justifiable in a democratic society.

Recently, the broadcast licenses of African Independent Television

Yet a 2015 cybercrimes law criminalizes a broad range of online

KENYAN PRISONERS STUDY LAW, RECEIVE DEGREES AND HAVE HOPE FOR EARLY RELEASE

interaction and has been used to prosecute at least five bloggers.

This week, another media activist remains behind bars with Nigerian Security Services defying an order by a federal judge to release him.

Omoyele Sowore, the founder of Sahara Reporters news service and an outspoken organizer and presidential candidate, is now charged with treasonable felony, cyber stalking and money

laundering when the initial cause for his arrest was his stated political platform—“revolution.”

“In utter contempt of the orders of Justice Ojukwu, the State Security Service has refused to release Messrs Sowore and Bakare from custody,” said Omoyele’s lawyer Femi Falana. “We shall embark on appropriate legal measures to ensure compliance with the court orders.”

SMALLEST NATION IN AFRICA EXTENDS HAND TO FELLOW MUSLIMS IN MYANMAR

By Staff Writer Global Information Network

Few countries are standing up to Myanmar, formerly Burma, for its mistreatment of the Muslim community known as Rohingya. This week, the smallest nation in Africa came to the defense of the persecuted minority, filing a lawsuit that charges Myanmar with genocide.

By Staff Writer Global Information Network

Often, the only images of prisons in Africa that we know are the miserable places where faces press against barred windows, with inmates huddled together looking out desperately for someone to help.

The African Prisons Project, started in Uganda 10 years ago and now offered in Kenya, would like to change that. They offer a program to equip prisoners with legal skills and ensure that they get timely justice.

John Karanja, condemned to die many years ago for robbery with violence before his sentence was commuted to life behind bars, is one beneficiary of the Project. He expressed optimism that he will be leaving prison soon, thanks to his law degree.

“I had lost hope that I would ever leave prison until I started studying law. I had exhausted all my pleas and was resigned to my fate behind bars for life. But I have gained legal knowledge that made me look at

my charges afresh. I have already launched a petition in court for my case and I have prepared enough to ensure my acquittal,” he said.

Legal Aid manager John Muthuri said Kenyan prisons are filled with inmates who do not deserve to be there.

“In Kenya, there are only about 8,000 lawyers who are supposed to serve more than 54,000 prisoners.

This translates to about 80 per cent of inmates who suffer behind bars for lack of legal representation,” said Muthuri.

Currently 10 convicts in Kenya have graduated with law degrees after four years of study behind bars.

After scoring well on a test, one must complete a three-week training as a paralegal officer to offer legal advice to fellow inmates. The degree is issued by the University of London.

Peter Ouko, a law student in a maximum security prison, explained the purpose of his studies was “to get justice” but also to help his fellow colleagues “who are going through worse times than me.” Already they have achieved 400 releases, he said in an interview with CitizenNews. co.ke. “They having better selfrepresentation in court, we type up their appeals.. Of course their convictions may still be upheld, Ouko is free to talk through the “campus” which has plantings and some trees. His room is a large dormitory which he shares with several other confined people.

“The programme equips one with top legal skills. It has been highly gratifying to help inmates who can’t afford lawyers up to a point that they leave prison. Helping others is what has kept me going all these years,” said Dickson Munene, a former police officer and now one of the graduates.

Cast out of Myanmar, where they claim citizenship, the Rohingya Muslims found temporary shelter in Bangladesh but that country is now unwilling to support the more than 671,000 refugees.

The Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar face atrocities committed by security forces, include mass killings, sexual violence, and widespread arson.

Military and civilian officials have repeatedly denied the charges.

Effectively denied citizenship under the 1982 Citizenship Law, Rohingyas are one of the largest stateless populations in the world.

“The aim is to get Myanmar to account for its action against its own people - the Rohingya”, Justice Minister Abubacarr Tambadou told a news conference in The Hague, where the U.N. court is based.

“It is a shame for our generation that we do nothing while genocide is unfolding right under our own eyes.”

Both Gambia and Myanmar are signatories to the 1948 Genocide Convention, which not only prohibits states from committing genocide but also compels all signatory states to prevent and punish the crime of genocide.

“Gambia has found a way to turn the international community’s handwringing over the Rohingya into action,” said Param-Preet Singh, associate director of the international justice program of Human Rights Watch.

Tambadou, explaining why Gambia had taken the initiative, said that visiting Rohingya in Bangladesh had reminded him of his work as a prosecutor for the tribunal set up to try those responsible for the 1994 genocide in Rwanda.

“I thought this was not right and the world cannot just stand by and watch this happen again,” he said, adding the Organization of Islamic Cooperation had asked Gambia to look into how to bring Myanmar to justice over the matter.

In its 46-page filing to the International Court of Justice, The Gambia says Myanmar’s actions were “genocidal in character” and included killing, causing serious bodily and mental harm and imposing measures to prevent births.

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R&B Welding And Hydraulic Located at: 6369 Streamview Dr San Diego, CA 92115 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: An Individual Registrant Has Not Yet Begun To Transact Business Under The Name(s) Above This business is hereby registered by the following: Rafael Andrade Perez 6369 Streamview Dr San Diego, CA 92115 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on November 06, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on November 06, 2024 11/14, 11/21, 11/28, 12/05 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9026971 Fictitious business name(s): Miramesa Junk Removal Located at: 8865 Miramesa Bl Apt #1 San Diego, CA 92126 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: An Individual Registrant Has Not Yet Begun To Transact Business Under The Name(s) Above This business is hereby registered by the following: Jose Laguna 8865 Miramesa Bl Apt #1 San Diego, CA 92126 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on November 06, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on November 06, 2024 11/14, 11/21, 11/28, 12/05 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9024864 Fictitious business name(s): Right Choice Senior Realty --Assisted Living Tours --Senior Living Bus Tours Located at: 6354 Cascade St San Diego, CA 92122 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: A Limited Liability Company The first day of business was 03/07/08 This business is hereby registered by the following: Right Choice Senior Living LLC 6354 Cascade St San Diego, CA 92122 County of San DiegoThis statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on October 11, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 11, 2024 11/07, 11/14, 11/21, 11/28 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9025766 Fictitious business name(s): Environmental Office Cleaning LLC Located at: 4742 Twain Ave San Diego, CA 92120 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: A Limited Liability Company Registrant Has Not Yet Begun To Transact Business Under The Name(s) Above This business is hereby registered by the following: Environmental Office Cleaning LLC 4742 Twain Ave San Diego, CA 92120 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on October 23, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 23, 2024 11/07, 11/14, 11/21, 11/28 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9025817 Fictitious business name(s): San Diego Inspectors of Election --San Diego County Inspectors of Election

--H.O.A. Inspectors of Election --Community Association Inspectors of Election --Maintenance Corporation Inspectors of Election --Homeowners Association Inspectors of Election --Property Owners Association Inspectors of Election Located at: 744 N. 2nd Street El Cajon, CA 92021 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: A Corporation Registrant Has Not Yet Begun To Transact Business Under The Name(s) Above This business is hereby registered by the following: Keystone-Inland, Inc. 744 N. 2nd Street El Cajon, CA 92021 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on October 24, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 24, 2024 10/31, 11/07, 11/14, 11/21 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9026120 Fictitious business name(s): Chic Hair Studio Located at: 2611 Lemon Grove Ave Lemon Grove, CA 91945 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was 10/28/19 This business is hereby registered by the following: Tamara Smith 1632 Presioca St. #16 Spring Valley, CA 91977 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on October 28, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 28, 2024 10/31, 11/07, 11/14, 11/21 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9025961 Fictitious business name(s): Imagine Simplicity Makeup, Esthetics, and Reiki Located at: 3405 Kenton St Unit 211-A San Diego, CA 92110 County of San Diego --4109 Ibis St San Diego, CA 92103 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: An Individual Registrant Has Not Yet Begun To Transact Business Under The Name(s) Above This business is hereby registered by the following: Shelby Taylor Docker 4109 Ibis St San Diego, CA 92103 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on October 25, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 25, 2024 10/31, 11/07, 11/14, 11/21 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9024142 Fictitious business name(s): Emeka's Wellness Center --Emeka's Therapeutic Wellness Located at: 7870 Broadway Lemon Grove, CA 91945 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was 01/01/19 This business is hereby registered by the following: Charles Chukwuemeka Molokwu 7870 Broadway Lemon Grove, CA 91945 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on

October 02, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 02, 2024 10/31, 11/07, 11/14, 11/21 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9025883 Fictitious business name(s): Garlic & Thyme --Garlic And Thyme Located at: 480 Alta Rd San Diego, CA 92179 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: A Limited Liability Company Registrant Has Not Yet Begun To Transact Business Under The Name(s) Above This business is hereby registered by the following: Donovan Cafe LLC 480 Alta Rd San Diego, CA 92179 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on October 24, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 24, 2024 10/31, 11/07, 11/14, 11/21 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9025729 Fictitious business name(s): Ramirez Towing Located at: 805 51st Street San Diego, CA 92114 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was 10/23/19 This business is hereby registered by the following: Pablo Ramirez 805 51st Street San Diego, CA 92114 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on October 23, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 23, 2024 10/31, 11/07, 11/14, 11/21 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9025572 Fictitious business name(s): Arriven Quality Independent Living Homes Located at: 910 Euclid Ave #1 National City, CA 91950 County of San Diego --P.O. Box 740578 San Diego, CA 92174 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was 10/21/19 This business is hereby registered by the following: Tiffani Aaris Bolden 910 Euclid Ave #1 National City, CA 91950 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on October 21, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 21, 2024 10/31, 11/07, 11/14, 11/21 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9025366 Fictitious business name(s): Alterations By Jasmine Located at: 10393 Friars Rd San Diego, CA 92120 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was 10/18/19 This business is hereby registered by the following: Vanessa Jasmine Dinh 3422 Streamview Pl San Diego, CA 92105 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on October 18, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 18, 2024 10/31, 11/07, 11/14, 11/21 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9025278

Fictitious business name(s): Danson School Finance, LLC Located at: 8253 Loma View Ct Spring Valley, CA 91977 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: A Limited Liability Company Registrant Has Not Yet Begun To Transact Business Under The Name(s) Above This business is hereby registered by the following: Danson School Finance, LLC 8253 Loma View Ct Spring Valley, CA 91977 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on October 17, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 17, 2024 10/24, 10/31, 11/07, 11/14 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9024284 Fictitious business name(s): B&R New Leaf LLC Located at: 962 S. Mollison Ave #13 El Cajon, CA 92020 County of San Diego --P.O. Box 1759 El Cajon, CA 92022 The business is conducted by: Limited Liability Company Registrant Has Not Yet Begun To Transact Business Under The Name(s) Above This business is hereby registered by the following: B&R New Leaf LLC 962 S. Mollison Ave #13 El Cajon, CA 92020 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on October 03, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 03, 2024 10/24, 10/31, 11/07, 11/14 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9025043 Fictitious business name(s): JAM's Smog Test Located at: 7319 Broadway Lemomn Grove, CA 91945 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was 10/15/19 This business is hereby registered by the following: Yaneth Guadalupe Mendoza 763 Concepcion Avenue Spring Valley, CA 91977 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on October 15, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 15, 2024 10/24, 10/31, 11/07, 11/14 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9024412 Fictitious business name(s): Ridge To Rake RoofinG Located at: 1568 Alcala Ct San Diego, CA 92111 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: A Corporation Registrant Has Not Yet Begun To Transact Business Under The Name(s) Above This business is hereby registered by the following: Robinson Building Consultants 1568 Alcala Ct San Diego, CA 92111 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on October 07, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 07, 2024 10/24, 10/31, 11/07, 11/14 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9024487 Fictitious business name(s): Slaters 50/50 Located at: 2750 Dewey Rd #193 San Diego, CA 92106 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: A Limited Liability Company Registrant Has Not Yet Begun

To Transact Business Under The Name(s) Above This business is hereby registered by the following: R&D Business Holdings LLC 2750 Dewey Rd #193 San Diego, CA 92106 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on October 07, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 07, 2024 10/24, 10/31, 11/07, 11/14 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9025042 Fictitious business name(s): Arrive Youth & Family Services Located at: 5505 Stevens Way #741442 San Diego, CA 92114 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: A Limited Liability Company Registrant Has Not Yet Begun To Transact Business Under The Name(s) Above This business is hereby registered by the following: Arrive Youth & Family Services, LLC 5505 Stevens Way #741442 San Diego, CA 92114 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on October 15, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 15, 2024 10/24, 10/31, 11/07, 11/14 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9023567 Fictitious business name(s): Beauty Gazer Imagery Located at: 1823 Historic Decatur Rd San Diego, CA 92106 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: An Individual Registrant Has Not Yet Begun To Transact Business Under The Name(s) Above This business is hereby registered by the following: Karina Bryant 1823 Historic Decatur Rd San Diego, CA 92106 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on September 25, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on September 25, 2024 10/24, 10/31, 11/07, 11/14 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9024843 Fictitious business name(s): Mr Spicy Located at: 6618 Mission Gorge Rd San Diego, CA 92120 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: A Corporation The first day of business was 09/11/14 This business is hereby registered by the following: MR. SPICY, INC. 6618 Mission Gorge Rd San Diego, CA 92120 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on October 11, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 11, 2024 10/24, 10/31, 11/07, 11/14

PRESENT NAME: Raul Isaac Mendez

The County of San Diego, Owner, invites bids for REQUEST FOR BIDS (RFB) 9900 AVIATION ROAD SIDEWALK IMPROVEMENT PROJECT ORACLE PROJECT NO. 1018455 A COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT BLOCK GRANT PROJECT A FEDERAL ASSISTANCE GRANT OF THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT Work to be done consists in general of installing curb and gutter, sidewalk, retaining wall, chain link fence, and sidewalk underdrain. The project will include, but not limited to aggregate base, asphalt concrete and Best Management Practice’s (BMP’s) installation. Sealed bids will be received at the Department of Purchasing and Contracting, at 5560 Overland Avenue, Suite 270, San Diego, 92123, until 2:00 PM on December 5, 2019, at which time they will be publicly opened and read aloud. Contract documents including Plans, Specifications and Bid Forms are available for download free of charge, from the Department of Purchasing and Contracting BuyNet website: https://buynet.sdcounty.ca.gov. You must be registered at the site in order to download documents. The Contractor shall possess, at the time of submitting the bid, a California Contractor's License, Classification A, General Engineering Contractor. The cost of construction is estimated to be from $105,000 to $110,000. Bid security of no less than 10% required at time of bid. Successful bidder shall provide Payment and Performance Bonds for 100% of the contract amount. Prevailing Wage rates apply. The work to be performed under this contract is subject to the requirements of Section 3 of the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968, as amended, 12 U.S.C. 1701u (Section 3). Bidder’s claiming Section 3 Certification may be eligible for Section 3 Preference in award of project. Preference in award will be in conformance to provisions of 24 CFR 135, Appendix, Section III (2) “Procurement by Sealed Bids (Invitation for Bids).” The Owner, as a matter of policy, encourages Disabled Veterans Business Enterprise (DVBE) participation of subcontractor, but is not required. For complete bid information, go to County of San Diego Purchasing and Contracting website at https://buynet.sdcounty.ca.gov. For questions, please contact Carlos Santiago, Procurement Contracting Officer, at Carlos.

Santiago@sdcounty.ca.gov.

FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9026769 Fictitious business name(s): Ssugaraestheticss Located at: 801 National City Blvd #710 San Diego, CA 91950 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was 11/04/19 This business is hereby registered by the following: Daviahna Rivers 801 National City Blvd #710 San Diego, CA 91950 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on November 04, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on November 11, 2024 11/14, 11/21, 11/28, 12/05 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9025536 Fictitious business name(s): Kemper Income Tax Service Located at: 316 Highland Avenue National City, CA 91950 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was 01/01/78 This business is hereby registered by the following: Sylvia Kemper 523 F Avenue National City, CA 91950 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on October 21, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 21, 2024 11/14, 11/21, 11/28, 12/05 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9026739 Fictitious business name(s): Open Door Locksmith Located at: 4356 Genesee Ave. San Diego, CA 92117 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: An Individual Registrant Has Not Yet Begun To Transact Business Under The Name(s) Above This business is hereby registered by the following: Idan Vainshtein

6363 Beadnell Way San Diego, CA 92117 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on November 04, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on November 04, 2024 11/14, 11/21, 11/28, 12/05 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9026180 Fictitious business name(s): Ariginal One --Raised In Pimp City Located at: 2307 Fenton Prkwy 107-8 San Diego, CA 92108 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was 10/10/19 This business is hereby registered by the following: Armand King 22800 Downing St Moreno Valley, CA 92553 County of Riverside This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on October 29, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on October 29, 2024 11/14, 11/21, 11/28, 12/05 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9027036 Fictitious business name(s): Superior Flooring Systems Hardwood Flooring Located at: 8814 Ellenwood Circle Spr. Valley, CA 91977 County of San Diego The business is conducted by: An Individual The first day of business was 01/07/09 This business is hereby registered by the following: Sebastian R Gil 8814 Ellenwood Circle Spring Valley, CA 91977 County of San Diego This statement was filed with the Recorder/County Clerk of San Diego County on November 07, 2019 This fictitious business name will expire on November 07, 2024 11/14, 11/21, 11/28, 12/05 -----------------------------------FICTITIOUS BUSINESS NAME STATEMENT 2019-9026949 Fictitious business name(s):

NAME CHANGE SUPERIOR COURT OF CALIFORNIA County of San Diego Central Division Juvenile Court 2851 Meadow Lark Dr. San Diego, CA 92123 517-920E-18FL014567CCUSTODY Petitioner or Attorney: Raul A. Ramirez on behalf of minor child To All Interested Persons:

Raul A. Ramirez on behalf of Raul Isaac Mendez, a minor filed a petition with the court for a decree changing name as follows:

PROPOSED NAME: Raul Isaac Ramirez Mendez THE COURT ORDERS that all persons interested in this matter shall appear before this court at the hearing indicated below to show cause, if any, why the petition for change of name should not be granted.

Any person objecting to the name changes described above must file a written objection that includes the reasons for the objection at least two court days before the matter is scheduled to be heard and must appear at the hearing to show cause why the petition should not be granted. If no written objection is timely filed, the court may grant the petition without a hearing.

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NOTICE OF HEARING Date: December 12, 2019 Time: 1:30 P.M. Dept. 1 The address of the court is: 2851 Meadow Lark Dr. San Diego, CA 92123 10/31, 11/07, 11/14, 11/21

PROBATE NOTICE OF PETITION TO ADMINISTER ESTATE OF Gwendolyn Phillips Case Number: 39-2019-00057319

To all heirs, beneficiaries, creditors, contingent creditors, and persons who may otherwise be interested in the will or estate, or both, of Gwendolyn Phillips A Petition for Probate has been filed by Robert Phillips in the Superior Court of California, County of San Diego

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The Petition for Probate requests that Robert Phillips be appointed as personal representative to administer the estate of the decedent.

The Petition requests authority to administer the estate under the Independent Administration of Estates Act. (This authority will allow the personal representative to take many actions without obtaining court approval.

Before taking certain very important actions, however, the personal representative will be required to give notice to interested persons unless they have waived notice or consented to the proposed action.)

The independent administration authority will be granted unless an interested person files an objection to the petition and shows good cause why the court should not grant the authority.

A Hearing on the petition will be held in this court as follows: on December 11, 2019 at 1:30 p.m. in Department 502 located at the Superior Court of California County of San Diego 1100 Union Street San Diego, CA 92101 If You Object to the granting of the petition, you should appear at the hearing and state your objections or file written objections with the court before the hearing. Your appearance may be in person or by your attorney.

If you are a creditor or a contingent creditor of the decedent, you must file your claim with the court and mail a copy to the personal representative appointed by the court within the later of either (1)four months from the date of first issuance of letters to a general personal representative, as defined in section 58(b) of the California Probate Code, or

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LEGAL NOTICES

The San Diego Voice & Viewpoint LEGAL NOTICES

(2)60 days from the date of interested in the estate, you mailing or personal delivery may file with the court a to you of a notice under Request for Special section 9052 of the California Notice (form DE-154) of the Probate Code. filing of an inventory and appraisal of estate assets or of Other California statutes any petition or account as and legal authority may provided in Probate Code affect your rights as a section 1250. creditor. You may want to A Request for Special consult with an attorney Notice form is available from knowledgeable in the court clerk.

California law.

Attorney for petitioner: You may examine the file Scott R. Burton, Esq. kept by the court.

CBN 96898 If you are a person 574 S. Rancho Santa Fe Road interested in the estate, you San Marcos, CA 92078 may file with the court a (760) 727-4746 Request for Special 11/07, 11/14, 11/21 Notice (form DE-154) of the filing of an inventory and SUMMONS appraisal of estate assets or of any petition or account as SUPERIOR COURT OF provided in Probate Code CALIFORNIA section 1250.

County of San Diego A Request for Special Central Division Notice form is available from Hall of Justice the court clerk.

330 W. Broadway

San Diego, CA 92101 Attorney for petitioner: Barbara L. Davis Case Number: SBN 98950 37-2019-00012149 152 West Park Avenue Suite 150 Notice to Defendant: El Cajon, CA 92020 Franklin Custom Finish, Inc., (619) 316-2537 Michele Franklin, and Jarid B. 11/14, 11/21, 11/28 Franklin -----------------------------------NOTICE OF PETITION TO ADMINISTER You Are being sued by ESTATE OF Plantiff: Cornelio Cristobal, Jr. Gary Wayne Myers Case Number: 37-2019-00024163-PR-LA-CT NOTICE! You have been sued. The court To all heirs, beneficiaries, may decide against you without creditors, contingent creditors, your being heard unless you and persons who may respond within 30 days. Read otherwise be interested in the information below. the will or estate or both, of Cornelio Cristobal, Jr. You have 30 CALENDAR DAYS after this summons A Petition for Probate and legal papers are served on has been filed by you to file a written response Tisha White Walton at this court and have a copy in the Superior Court of served on the plaintiff. A letter California, County of or phone call will not protect San Diego. you. Your written response must be in proper legal form The Petition for Probate if you want the court to hear requests that your case. There may be a Tisha White Walton court form that you can use for be appointed as personal your response. You can find representative to administer these court forms and more the estate of the decedent. information at the California Courts Online Self-Help The Petition Center (www.courtinfo.ca.gov/ requests the decedent's will selfhelp), your county law and codicils, if any, be library, or the courthouse admitted to probate. The will nearest you. If you cannot pay and any codicils are availthe filing fee, ask the court able for examination in the file clerk for a fee waiver form. If kept by the court. you do not file your response The Petition on time, you may lose the case requests authority to by default, and your wages, administer the estate under the money, and property may be Independent taken without further warning Administration of from the court.

Estates Act. There are other legal (This authority will allow the requirements. You may want personal representative to to call an attorney right take many actions without away. If you do not know an obtaining court approval. attorney, you may want to call Before taking certain very an attorney referral service. If important actions, however, you cannot afford an attorney, the personal representative you may be eligible for free will be required to give notice legal services from a nonprofit to interested persons legal services program. You unless they have waived can locate these nonprofit notice or consented to the pro- groups at the California Legal posed action.)

Services Web site (www.

The independent lawhelpcalifornia.org), the administration authority will California Courts Online be granted unless an Self-Help Center (www. interested person files an courtinfo.ca.gov/selfhelp), or objection to the petition and by contacting your local court shows good cause why the or county bar association. court should not grant the NOTE: The court has a authority. statutory lien for waived fees and costs on any settlement or A Hearing arbitration award of $10,000 or on the petition will be held more in a civil case. The court's in this court as follows: lien must be paid before the on November 25, 2019 court will dismiss the case. at 9:00 a.m. in Department 504 The name and address of the located at the court is: Superior Court of Central California 330 W. Broadway County of San Diego San Diego, CA 92101 New Central Courthouse 1100 Union St. The name, address, and San Diego, CA 92101 telephone number of plaintiff's attorney, or plaintiff without an If You Object attorney, is: to the granting of the petition, Douglas E. Geyman you should appear at the 750 B Street, Suite 2870 hearing and state your San Diego, CA 92101 objections or file written (619) 232-3533 objections with the court before the hearing. Your Summons Filed: appearance may be in person March 06, 2019 or by your attorney.

Order For Publication Filed: August 13, 2019 If you are a creditor or a 10/24, 10/31, 11/07, 11/14 contingent creditor of ----------------------------------the decedent, you must file your claim with the court and mail a copy to the personal representative appointed by the court within the later of either (1)four months from the date of first issuance of letters to a general personal representative, as defined in section 58(b) of the California Probate Code, or (2)60 days from the date of mailing or personal delivery to you of a notice under section 9052 of the California Probate Code.

sign-up online:

Other California statutes and legal authority may affect your rights as a creditor. You may want to consult with an attorney knowledgeable in California law.

You may examine the file kept by the court.

If you are a person

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• Thursday, November 14, 2019

Illinois Prison Bans TODAY IN Black History Books

BLACK HISTORY - November 14

By Stacy M. Brown NNPA Newswire

officials at Illinois’ Danville Correctional Center removed about 200 books from a prison library and banned their use in an inmate education program because they said the books were “too racial.”

The catalog ban included several classic books related to African American history like, “The Souls of Black Folk,” “Uncle Tom’s Cabin,” “The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America,” “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” and “Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl” by Harriet Jacobs.

According to published reports, three out of every four inmates in Illinois prisons are African American, causing some to conclude that banning the books was a means for prison officials to deprive blacks of learning their history.

told program officials that the problem with the materials was that they were “racial,” according to testimony by EJP Director Rebecca Ginsburg.

“Censorship in prisons is the biggest First Amendment violation in America. Yet, it remains one of the least talked about and least examined,” Kelly Jensen, a former librarian, wrote in a blog for Book Riot.

“Education empowers individuals to rise above their dispossession,” stated D. Gilson, a writer for ExpertInsuranceReviews.com, told NNPA Newswire.

Bruce Mirken, a spokesman for The Greenlining Institute, said removing the books does reflect racism.

The books are part of an education program initiated by the Education “All of American history has ‘racial Justice Project (EJP) and run by the content,’ from the Constitution’s accommodation of slavery to University of Illinois. the ethnic cleansing of Native The Chicago Tribune, which first Americans to Japanese internment reported the dispute, noted that the during World War II,” Mirken stated flap between the program and prison in an email to NNPA Newswire. officials started last year when the Education Justice Project began the “To ignore black perspectives review process for the upcoming doesn’t eliminate racial content, it semester’s books and course just ensures that only white points materials. A corrections lieutenant of view get included.”

ARTICLE CONTINUATION:

Botswana: continued from cover

Africa roughly 200,000 years ago.

What has been long debated is the exact location of this emergence and subsequent dispersal of our earliest ancestors,” Hayes told reporters.

“We’ve been able to pinpoint what we believe is our human homeland.”

The study found that ancestors of modern humans thrived for about 70,000 years in and around Botswana until climate change forced a migration out of the area.

north-east along a green vegetated route that opened up as rains drenched the arid land.

The L0 lineage is the earliest known modern human populations.

The second wave of migration headed southwest about 20,000 years later as rainfall also increased vegetation in that direction.

Those who headed Northeast gave rise to farming populations, while Study authors noted that some those who went South became previous evidence had suggested coastal foragers, the scientists East Africa as the ancestral home believe. of modern humans, but their new DNA evidence concludes that it’s “Essentially, these ancestors were South Africa. the first human explorers,” Hayes stated.

The new report was published in the journal Nature.

“Every time a new migration occurs, that migration event is recorded in Hayes noted that the Lo lineage and our DNA as a time-stamp. Over its sub-branches point back to an time our DNA naturally changes, ancestral home that spreads from it’s the clock of our history,” Hayes Namibia across Botswana and into continued.

Zimbabwe.

“Everyone walking around today... it Her team then focused on geological, does actually come back to L0 being archaeological, and fossil evidence the oldest, and it all comes back to to gain insight into the climate and this one region.” broader ecosystem in the region.

Hayes and her colleagues used They discovered that a body of water DNA to trace the first 100,000 called Lake Makgadikgadi—which years of modern humans. She said is now salt pans—had at one time they worked with communities dominated the area. throughout Namibia and South Africa where they collected fossils Researchers said it was previously and blood samples. home to Homo Sapiens and was populated by modern humans for “Mitochondrial DNA acts like a time at least 70,000 years. However, the capsule of our ancestral mothers, water eventually became a massive accumulating changes slowly wetland. over generations,” Hayes stated.

“Comparing the complete DNA “It would have been very lush, and code, or mitogenome, from different it would have provided a suitable individuals provides information on habitat for modern humans and how closely they are related.” wildlife to have lived,” Hayes stated.

Taking into account the intensive “We’ve known for a long time that study, “we propose a southern modern humans originated in African origin of anatomically Africa roughly 200,000 years ago, modern humans with sustained but what we hadn’t known until homeland occupation before the first the study was where exactly this migrations of people that appear to homeland was,” she noted. have been driven by regional climate changes,” Hayes said.

According to the DNA analyses reported in the study, the L0 lineage To read the full study, go to nature. split 130,000 years ago when some com. of the founder population moved

15

Booker T. Washington

Booker T. Washington died, 1856 - 1915. was one of the foremost African-American leaders of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, founding the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute, now known as Tuskegee University

Lydia Holmes of St. Augustine, FL obtains Patent No. 2,529,692 in 1950 for several easilyassembled wooden pull toys including a bird, a truck and dog.

William Levi Dawson’s Symphony Lydia Holmes No. 1, Negro Folk Symphony, was the firsty symphony on black folk themes by a black composer to be performed by a major orchestra. In 1934, it premiered conducted by Leopold Stokowski and performed by the Philadelphia Orchestra.

The symphony was revised in 1952 with added African rhythms inspired by the composer’s trip to West Africa. Dawson said that the composition was an attempt to convey the missing elements that were lost when Africans came into William Levi Dawson bondage outside their homeland.

1839 - The Liberty Party, the first US anti-slavery party, convenes in NY for the first time Condoleezza Rice was born on November 14, 1954, in Birmingham, The Liberty Party Alabama. She was the first black woman to serve as the United States’ National Security Adviser, as well as the first black woman to serve as U.S. Secretary Condoleezza Rice of State from 2005-2009.

1960 — In New Orleans, LA, federal Marshals escorted four six-year-old girls to their new schools. Leona Tate, Tessie Prevost Williams, and Gail Etienne Stripling, who integrated McDonogh No.19 Elementary School, and Ruby Bridges, who stood alone to integrate William Frantz Elementary School.

Leona Tate

Valerie Jarrett née Valerie Bowman, was born November 14, 1956 in Shīrāz, Iran.

She is an American lawyer, businesswoman, and politician who was a senior adviser to U.S. President Barack Obama.

Valerie Jarrett

Death of NATE LONG (1930-2002). Nate Long was an Air Force veteran, judo black-belt, filmmaker, television producer, director, stuntman, actor and teacher who worked both in Hollywood and the Pacific Northwest. Long is best known for producing South by Northwest (1974-75) and The Second Time Around (1979), series chronicling the lives of African American settlers in the Pacific Northwest. Nate Long died of leukemia in the Veterans Administration Hospital in Los NATE LONG Angeles on November 14, 2002.

Gomillion v. Lightfoot, Mayor Of Tuskegee The U.S. Supreme Court’s 1960 Gomillion v. Lightfoot decision ruled that Tuskegee city officials had unconstitutionally redrawn the city’s boundaries to ensure the election of only white candidates in the city’s political races. The case helped to lay the foundation for the 1965 Voting Rights Act. Gomillion

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