Basic Concept of Knitted Structures
Here, in this article we are going to provide a brief description of these basic types of knitted structures:
Plain knitted fabric As mentioned above, this type of fabric belongs to the category of single jersey structures. When the one side of the weft or a warp knitted fabric consists of only face stitches and the opposite side comprises of only backstitches, then we define that structure as a plain knitted fabric. For creating the plain knitted fabrics we have to employ one set of needles. Intermeshing of loops also takes place in one direction. These fabrics possess a tendency of getting rolled at their edges. These structures roll from their technical back side towards their technical front side both at the top as well as lower edges. Plain knitted fabrics also turn round from their technical front surface towards their technical back side at their selvedges. This type of structures are extensible both in the lateral as well as longitudinal directions. The lateral extension of these fabrics is twice than that of their longitudinal extension. When we will pull a loop of yarn in the longitudinal direction then the loop will extend only half of its length but when drawn in the lateral direction the yarn loop will extend up to its entire length. The degree of recovery of yarn from a stretch will depend on the type of fiber used and on the process of its manufacturing.
Purl knitted fabrics If only reverse stitches are visible on both the sides of a relaxed weft knitted fabric, then we call that structure as a purl knitted fabric. Generally, we have to employ weft-knitting machines to produce these clothes. To create this type of stuff we have to intermesh the stitches of the neighboring tracks in opposite directions by applying special latch needles having two needle hooks. When we stretch this fabric lengthwise, then the face stitches are apparent. The material shortens more in the direction of Wales, and once we release it, the stuff becomes relaxed; thus, hiding the face stitches between the courses. The inter-looping of the stitches of neighboring courses in opposite directions results in the closure of the paths of a purl knitted structure. Therefore this structure has large longitudinal extensibility.
Interlock knitted fabrics We can consider the interlock knitted fabrics as the combination of the two rib knitted structures. The reverse stitches of one rib knitted construction cover the face stitches of the second rib knitted formation. Face stitches are visible on both the sides of the fabric, and it is difficult to discover the reverse stitches even when we stretch the fabric widthwise. The geometry of the path of yarn affects the elastic behavior of the knitted materials. As in this type of fabric, there occurs the combination of the two rib knitted structures; therefore, these clothes give very little or no room at all for the Wales or courses to close up. Due to this reason, the interlock fabrics show very poor elastic properties in both directions.
Rib knitted fabric If both the sides of the weft or a warp knitted fabric consist of the face stitches, i.e. the legs are evident, then we call that structure as a rib knitted fabric. To create this type of knitted fabric, we have to intermesh the stitches in the neighboring Wales in reverse directions. For generating these structures, we need two needle systems located opposite to each other. We also call these materials as the double face or double jersey fabrics. Whenever we pull this fabric widthwise then both the sides of the cloth show face and reverse stitches alternately in each course. But when we release the fabric, it narrows in its width, thus concealing the reverse stitches which are present between the face stitches. Like plain fabrics, these clothes do not curl at their edges. A single rib structure has a dimension of 1 x 1rib. The longitudinal stretch of the rib structure is equal to that of plain knitted material. The geometry of the yarn path determines the elastic action of the knitted structures. When we change the direction of the intermeshing of the loops of neighboring Wales (cross-over points), then it results in the closing up of Wales of a rib knitted stuff. This closure provides the rib structures with the better elastic properties widthwise as compared to that of the other essential knitted cloths. With rib fabrics in the lateral direction, we can achieve an extension of up to 140%. Other constructions of rib structures include 2 x 2 rib, where two Wales of face stitches alternate with two Wales of reverse stitches. As the quantity of Wales in each rib rises, the elasticity decreases as the number of changeovers from reverse to front reduces.
Basic Knitted Structures The feet of the knitted loops are in connection with the heads of the preceding stitches. At the place of transformation of the legs into the feet, there are two points of contact with the former stitch. We call these areas of touch as the binding points. Thus, one stitch has a total of four binding points, i.e. two binding areas are present at the feet and two at the head of every stitch. Two binding points together constitute a binding unit. Thus, every stitch consists of the whole of eight contact points, i.e. 4 binding points and 2 binding units.
Basic structure of stitch When the courses of a knitted fabric run horizontally and its Wales travel vertically along with the heads of the knitted loops located at the top and the first course present at the bottom of the fabric, then we call it as technically upright. We can define the technical back as well as the technical front side for a stitch on the basis of the position of the legs at the binding points. If the feet of the stitches lie higher the binding points and the legs below to that point, then we call this the technical back of the stitch (as shown in the figure). There are some other names also for this term like backstitch, purl stitch, garter stitch or reverse stitch. The technical back of stitch and The technical front of stitch
If on the other hand, the bottom half-arcs of the stitches are present below the binding point and the legs above to that point then we call it as the technical front of the stitch (shown in the below fig.). Another names for this term are the face4 stitch or plain stitch, jersey stitch (USA), stocking stitch, and flat stitch (USA). When the intermeshing of the loops of yarn takes place towards the technical face side of the fabric then face stitch gets produced.
We generally classify the warp-knitted fabrics according to the number of guide bars as well as lapping plan employed. To carry out the process of warp knitting, we employ one set of needles, although two sets of needles are also available on some of the Raschel machines which we can utilize for the production of special kinds of fabrics such as cut plush. For manufacturing beautiful knitted garments you must have a good quality knitting machine. Our company is one of the pre-eminent Knitting Machine Manufacturers in Ludhiana. We can broadly classify the weft-knitted fabrics into two main groups namely: Single jersey: For producing this type of knitted fabrics we use one set of needles. Plain weftknitted structures and its derivatives fall in the category of single jersey garments. Double jersey: For creating double jersey structures we have to employ two sets of needles. Rib, purl, interlock, and their derivates fit into this section of fabrics. Our firm Bharat Machinery Works deals in the production of superior quality knitting machines. We are the leading Knitting Machine Manufacturer in Ludhiana . For manufacturing an excellent and a classy knitted fabric the foremost thing that a person requires is a knitting machine. If you too are in a need of a knitting device that can provide you with the maximum output in less time, then contact our firm.
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