Baby's and Beyond - Issue 10 - July - September 2016 by Media Xpose

Baby’s and Beyond July - September 2016

babys beyond TM

and

July - September 2016

Success as a thriving business woman and a Super-Mom The pros and cons of the flu vaccine Don’t leave subject choice to the last minute Breaking tragic news to little children www.babysandbeyond.co.za www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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CONTENTS FEATURES

Striking a balance...................................................................8 How to talk to adolescents about sex................................10 You are your child’s first friend.............................................13 Why is good posture important?.........................................14 Planning the perfect party...................................................17 Tips for teaching your children to save..............................20 Choosing the perfect pram for you and your babies...... 22 Play is children’s work...........................................................25 Screen time versus traditional play.....................................28 Let’s play!...............................................................................30

HEALTH

Take a deep breath, count to three, and relax…............ 32 Too sick for school?...............................................................35 Dental health and fluoride treatment................................39 The pros and cons of the flu vaccine.................................43 Concerns around red meat – is it safe to eat?.................. 46 Treating itchy skin..................................................................50 Overcoming postnatal depression.....................................53 Exclusive maternity care programme................................57 10 Reasons to up your Vitamin C intake this winter.......... 59 A leading cause of obesity and impaired learning.......... 61

EDUCATION

‘Take-charge’ versus sensitive children..............................62 Breaking tragic news to little children................................66 Creating good self-esteem with your pre-schooler.......... 68 The importance of saying ‘I love you’................................70 Music now, skills for life..........................................................72 Grade Nine subject choice decisions ...............................75

REGULARS

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Kicks for Kids: Fun puzzles and activities............................78 Grab Some Grub: Lamb or Venison Potjie ........................ 82 Slurpy Spaghetti....................................................................83 Promising Products: For all day freshness, Pacifying teething woes, For the softest skins...................................................91 LambsWool is the best, Breast feeding cover, Nose and lip repair balm.......................................92 Epi-max Baby & Junior, Pampers’ new nappy technology..............................................................93 Book Review: This edition’s recommended reading........ 95 www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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CREDITS

Baby’s and Beyond

babys beyond TM

July - September 2016

Editor: Emma Dawson editor@babysandbeyond.co.za

and

Editorial Contributors Anel Annandale Billie-Jean Shaw Carey Haupt Chantel Nortje Danielle Forsyth Dr Adel Rossouw Elmarie Jensen Gavin Sutton Gerald Mwandiambira Hettie Schönfeldt Lynn van Jaarsveld Nola Payne Nolene Rust Rene Brummage Susan Gregor-Harlen Tracy Prowse Waheed Abdurahman

July - September 2016

Success as a thriving business woman and a Super-Mom The pros and cons of the flu vaccine Don’t leave subject choice to the last minute

Content Manager: Melanie Taylor artwork@mediaxpose.co.za

Breaking tragic news to little children

Content Coordinator: Melany Smith artwork2@mediaxpose.co.za

www.babysandbeyond.co.za www.babysandbeyond.co.za

ISSN 2311-5467

Design and Layout: CDC Design carla@cdcdesign.co.za

9 772311 546706

INSIDE: Giveaways

Classifieds

Subscribe and WIN!

Project Manager: Elroy van Heerden elroy@babysandbeyond.co.za

Kicks for kids

Sales Manager: Sarina Afonso sarina@mediaxpose.co.za

Pictures: www.123RF.com

Advertising Sales: Ehrin Manuel ehrin@babysandbeyond.co.za Lorraine Beneke lorraine@babaysandbeyond.co.za Allison Davids allison@babysadnbeyond.co.za Chief Financial Officer: Shaun Mays shaun@mediaxpose.co.za

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Marketing Manager: Maurisha Niewenhuys marketing@mediaxpose.co.za

@babysandbeyond

Distribution and Subscriptions: Janine Mays distribution@mediaxpose.co.za Printing Paarl Media Paarl www.paarlmedia.co.za

Published By: Scan here to access our website: www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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404 Commerce House, 55 Short Market Street, Cape Town, 8001 PO. Box 15165, Vlaeberg, 8018 Tel: 021 424 3625 Fax: 086 544 5217 E-mail: info@babysandbeyond.co.za Disclaimer: The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of the publisher or its agents. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information published, the publisher does not accept responsibility for any error or omission contained herein. Consequently, no person connected with the publication of this journal will be liable for any loss or damage sustained by any reader as a result of action following statements or opinions expressed herein. The publisher will give consideration to all material submitted, but does not take responsibility for damage or its safe return.

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ED’S NOTE Honouring our grandparents

s I write this editor’s note and we put the final touches to this edition of Baby’s and Beyond, my family is mourning the death of our beloved matriarch. My grandmother passed away two days ago, at the grand old age of 93, and my mind is awash with memories of this special lady. She played an enormous role in my brother’s and my life and I already miss her terribly. But mostly, I’m grateful to have had the blessing of so many wonderful years of her steadfast and loving guidance, her deep insight and wisdom, and calm comfort when things got tough. There’s no denying how important grandparents are in children’s lives, and we were blessed to grow up with our beloved grandparents nearby. They played an active role in our childhood and taught us so much over the years. However, what I’ll remember most was my grandmother’s ability to see every side of any story. She never took sides but always made us feel that we were understood and supported. If you are lucky enough to still have grandparents, visit them regularly, keep them involved with your family, listen to their stories and counsel, and treasure this special time... It goes by all too fast and our grandparents have much to share and teach us. Building bonds of love and friendship between generations is a precious gift and, as I have learnt first-hand, it’s wise parents who foster strong relationships between grandparents and grandchildren. We have another fabulous issue full of insight and helpful information to assist you on your parenting journey. Turn to page 8 to read about the owner and founder of Kids Emporium who tells her story about achieving success both as a business woman and as a Super-Mom. We also discover the best way to talk to adolescents about sex and sexuality (page 10), learn why good posture is so important (page 14), and have fun discovering how to plan the perfect, healthy birthday party (page 17). Under our health banner, we consider the pros and cons of the flu vaccine (page 43), and our questions about the difference between a cold and the flu are answered on page 35. Still on matters relating to health, don’t miss Gavin Sutton’s article on page 32 about Shaken Baby Syndrome. This thought-provoking article reminds us about the importance of counting to three and keeping calm when it all gets too much. With the mid-year school holidays upon us, I wish our readers and their families a happy holiday and safe travels if you’re going away. If you’re staying home, gather the family, grandparents included, and enjoy the quality time.

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FEATURE

Striking a

balance

Kids Emporium is going from strength to strength, and is now launching its first flagship store in the UK. Emma Dawson talks to the company’s owner and founder, Lauren de Swardt, about how she’s become a thriving business woman and a Super-Mom, without dropping any of the balls she constantly juggles.

outh African owner and founder of the Kids Emporium franchise stores in South Africa, Lauren de Swardt, opened her first flagship store in Cape Town at the tender age of 22. Kids Emporium has since entrenched itself in the marketplace with a brand that offers the whole shopping experience – a cohesive world of expert parenting knowledge aimed at educating new parents, backed by good old-fashioned service and quality South African products that showcase local creativity and talent. Over the last 13 years, Lauren has developed the brand and, through her franchise, has opened 28 stores in South Africa, with the 29th just launched in the UK.

In the beginning… The Kids Emporium story begins when, following a two-year stint working in the UK and travelling the globe, Lauren came back to South Africa. Shortly after her return, her best friend fell pregnant and Lauren remembers being appalled by the lack of product choice available for babies. Her frustration was soon compounded when, not long after, Lauren also got pregnant. ‘I realised that my baby’s nursery would look almost identical to my friends’ nurseries because the choices of furniture, room decoration and other baby paraphernalia was so limited,’ Lauren recalls. With very little money and a big dream, Lauren set about developing a range of nursery furniture. She then invited 25 hand-picked suppliers of locallymade baby products to a breakfast meeting to propose her plan of a retail outlet offering a onestop-shop for everything a newborn needs and everything parents desire for their babies. ‘I had a logo at that stage, but that was about it,’ she quips. ‘I also knew that Kids Emporium would offer beautiful baby products, service excellence and

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Lauren de Swardt, Kids Emporium owner and founder.

that we would provide the advice and information new parents are so keen to receive. Motherhood is tough, and we’re the brand that understands that,’ Lauren insists.

The launch of a brand Of the 25 mom-preneurs that Lauren invited to her first breakfast meeting, 23 signed up as suppliers and together they produced stock for an initial outlet in Kilarney Gardens, shortly followed by her first retail store in Greenpoint. ‘I quickly grew our product offering from 23 to 100 brands and was delighted with our loyal customer following,’ Lauren recalls. This loyalty she believes is firmly rooted in the company’s ethos to be owner-led, to educate customers about products, and provide quality goods manufactured by local talent – mostly mom-preneurs.

A master planner As Kids Emporium grew, so too did Lauren’s daughter, Toni (now 13). Five years later, Toni’s little brother, Rourke (now 8), was born and Lauren’s life got busier than ever. ‘Being a mom and a business woman made me focus on what’s important. In business, I know that I really don’t enjoy managing people but I love helping people. I realised that to grow my business, the obvious route for me to take to ensure that I’m always doing what I enjoy was to franchise the business.’ Now managing the franchise, handling the national and international marketing, product purchasing, and spending time developing products with the mom-preneurs she enjoys working with so much, Lauren has grown her supplier base to 300. On the home front, Lauren knows just how tough it is to be both a business woman and a mom. ‘I’m a master planner and I’m not afraid to ask for help,’ she points out. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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Photo credit: Kids Emporium

FEATURE

One of 29 stores, Kids Emporium encompasses the whole shopping experience.

Lauren’s partner, Drew, is a big part of her success and together they make things happen. ‘One day I decided to cost my time,’ Lauren explains. ‘I quickly realised that time spent in the car doing the school run was not time well spent. I employed a nanny and instead spend that time at my desk so that I am free in the afternoons when the children get home from school. I schedule homework time in my diary as I would any other appointment,’ she notes. ‘Drew and I are a team and we run our home as such. There’s a lot of pressure on woman to be “superwomen” but I firmly believe in equality and feel that women should be independent, strong and should have a voice. For me, this includes asking for help when its needed.’ This is something Lauren is teaching Toni, and something she’d like to teach to all young girls: ‘You can have both – you can be a hardworking business woman and a fantastic hands-on mother.’ With 300 brands, 29 Kids Emporium stores, including the new UK store, and a thriving family, Lauren is proof that women can have it all without dropping the ball. Kids Emporium offers exclusive ranges of children’s toys, gifts, furniture, décor, children’s wear and maternity essentials with a difference. Some of the www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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I’m a master planner and I’m not afraid to ask for help. top local South African brands include baby bath apron and snuggle blanket range, Lily and Jack, Thandana luggage, Sublime kids clothing brand, Sticky Fudge, and many more. Franchise applicants are carefully selected to meet the challenge of translating passionate service levels into interest. The company ethos is to equip pregnant customers with accurate knowledge, and Lauren insists on personal customer attention because she believes her demographic, pregnant women, is one of the most challenging. To find a Kids Emporium store near you, visit http:// kidsemporium.co.za/.

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FEATURE

How to talk to

adolescents

about sex and sexuality By Nolene Rust

As is true for younger children, understanding adolescents, how they operate and what their needs are is important for having insight into how and what to share with them about sex and sexuality.

his delightful group of human beings, adolescents usually seem to be on a mission of their own â&#x20AC;&#x201C; which usually includes their peers. At first glance it could seem they have no need for parental guidance, which, thankfully, is not true. To begin with during the younger years, a solid foundation filled with positive, truthful and open conversations regarding everything of a sexual

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nature could make your job as a parent a bit easier during the adolescent years. It is also important to understand how the foundations of value systems serve as a basis from which future choices are made. By adolescence, your teenager should already have an internal drive that guides him. Bearing this in mind, adolescents are capable of determining the future outcomes of their choices, and are very capable of

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FEATURE weighing up rewards and negative consequences of their choices. These choices should not be reflective of an autocratic parental style at home, but should rather reflect a solid foundation of what constitutes good and healthy choices – which adds to an internal drive to make choices for and by themselves. Various factors play a role in an adolescent’s life and as they are exposed to peers, technology, family, school and society at large, they become more and more capable of critical thinking. Taking into consideration all these influences, adolescents are capable of paying attention to all of these sources and weighing these up while making up their minds for themselves. As they make up their own minds, the values and opinions of their peer group start to weigh heavily on them, as it developmentally should. Few things are as important to an adolescent as peer group acceptance. But the family values taught to them are always in the back of their minds. It is thus a given that they would already have had access to various sources of information concerning subjects of a sexual nature and there is nothing that they don’t already know. It is a time during which they come to not only recognise components of healthy and unhealthy relationships, but they also acquire the capacity to learn about intimate loving relationships, while starting to express their own sexuality in all sorts of ways. This learning is experiential and should evolve in a healthy, positive, natural and safe way.

Just because peers become more and more important, it does not take anything away from the importance of the family. Just because peers become more and more important, it does not take anything away from the importance of the family. Research shows that adolescents who grew up in a house where sex was openly and continuously discussed, make healthier choices both morally and physically as young adults. What is also interesting is that in countries where various other options, other than only abstaining, are discussed with adolescents as a part of sex education, there are fewer teenage pregnancies and lower rates of STIs. So, when generally guiding and supporting our adolescents – albeit in the background at times, amidst various loud, worldly voices and opinions, we as parents need to maintain a continuous, active and open presence: • Spend quality time together • Talk daily, engaging in your child’s world • Be willing to listen (to the good, the bad and the ugly) while refraining from judging • Allow your adolescent space to grow and explore • Give positive feedback • Have an open attitude • Realise that the rules of 20 years ago may not all apply today • Talk about and model what healthy relationships look like. By law, sexual activity between both parties between the ages of 12 to 16 years, where consent was given, was decriminalised in 2015. Sexual activity of 16 to 18 year olds where there is more than a twoyear age difference is still a criminal offence and has to be reported to the police: Criminal Law, Sexual Offences Amendment Act 56 of 2007. Nolene Rust is a qualified forensic social worker and a registered counsellor specialising in play therapy. For nine years, she has worked with families and children in welfare organisations, hospitals, in schools, and in the private sector. Her work includes advocating for children’s rights and working with abused and neglected children in a child protection and counselling capacity. Nolene is a regular speaker on radio, presents seminars, is involved with Jelly Beanz (NGO), and is vice president of OPSSA. To contact Nolene, call 012 7526503 or email nolene.rust@gmail.com.

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FEATURE

You are your child’s first friend By Anel Annandale

Who would have thought a year could fly by so fast? And, in that time, you’ve no doubt noticed some pretty big physical and emotional changes in your child. So, while you and your almosttoddler get ready for even more exciting developments, here are some highlights you can expect throughout the year.

ompared to last year, your little one’s behaviour is most likely becoming significantly more goal directed, and she’s probably also starting to show an active interest in her environment. The good news is that, thanks to your baby’s developing mobility, she’ll also have the physical skills to support any explorations. She’ll will also be able to move a little closer to anything (and everything) that grabs her attention. It’s interesting to note that this kind of exploration is actually an early form of play. Keep in mind that you are your child’s first playmate and that any future play and friendships will be based on these early interactions with you. So set a good example by spending a lot of interactive play time with your baby, really engaging in the activity. You’ll make her feel special and important too. Involve your child in everyday tasks around the house (and no, we don’t mean chores just yet). This will help to encourage a variety of developmental skills, and it also ensures your baby can engage meaningfully with her environment and the family culture. At this young age, it’s common for your tot to fluctuate between being very clingy one moment and not wanting any of your attention the next. As she

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becomes more self-conscious, your little one may begin to experience more complex emotions, such as shame, guilt, embarrassment and pride. But, be warned, children typically express their emotions through their actions, like lashing out when they’re angry, or crying when they’re scared. This is only because they don’t yet have the ability to vocalise how they feel. So while these might be very intense emotional reactions, don’t worry, they usually pass quite quickly. During her first year, your baby was probably quite generous with her smiles. However, this year you’ll notice a sense of humour developing as your child starts smiling and laughing at the things she finds funny. Of course this isn’t to say you’ll understand why she finds something particularly amusing, but her reaction is bound to tickle your funny bone. Just so you know: At this age, socialising typically happens on a ‘trial and error’ basis. Your baby will learn to repeat certain actions and behaviours that elicit a favourable response from others, such as smiling, gurgling or clapping hands. And she will most likely stop doing something if it doesn’t bring her the reaction she wants. For more information, visit www.mysmartkid.com or www.myslimkind.com, or call 0861 555 224.

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FEATURE

Why is

good posture important? By Tracy Prowse, Physiotherapist

Posture is our ability to maintain and regain our balance. A strong, dynamic (ready-to-move) sitting posture is necessary to free up a child’s arms, hands and fingers to perform activities such as writing in the classroom and throwing and catching in the playground.

ore strength or core stability is the capacity of the muscles of the torso to assist in the maintenance of good posture and balance, especially during movement. It is our postural muscle strength that we use during all wakeful activities such as sitting, standing, during sport, or playing on the monkey bars, for example. Any activity or movement that we do is a composition of harmonious cooperation from every muscle in the body. Various experts have attempted to divide the body’s muscles into postural or core, and prime mover categories as a way of deciding

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what muscles need to be developed or activated to have better core strength or posture. This is a useful concept and one that physiotherapists use in their rehabilitation programmes. However, we cannot place excessive attention on strengthening the core alone without paying attention to the rest of the body’s muscles. So, as a general rule of thumb, overall strength and conditioning exercise programmes for children are wonderful but they need to focus on all areas of the child’s development, not just their core. Moreover, as a parent, you can be the best www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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FEATURE ‘physiotherapist’ in the world by taking your child to the park or the playground and getting him to climb trees, swing and navigate new and exciting places. This will activate and strengthen as much, if not more, core than any pre-designed exercise programme that you may come across. Other tips that you can do to facilitate an efficient posture is to make sure that your child practises the various tasks needed for good postural control. Therefore, if you would like your child to have a better posture while sitting at the dinner table or homework desk, you need to motivate and encourage children to practise this activity, gradually building up the amount of time at the table by a few minutes every day. One size does not fit all and we, as teachers and parents, need to make sure that children are sitting with a good ergonomic set up before we expect them to sit for prolonged periods of time.

What is ergonomics? Ergonomics is the study of how people fit into their work environment, and the impact that this environment has the human body. Ergonomics allows us to adapt our workspace to ensure a more comfortable and efficient working day. Our children’s ergonomics is as important as ours as they start to spend more time sitting at a desk. One size of furniture will not fit all the pupils who use a classroom; they need furniture of different sizes or that can be adjusted to suit their varying dimensions. This is especially important for children who are particularly tall or particularly small. As well as left handed children. An ergonomically-friendly working environment for children can encourage the development of a child’s movement and writing skills by ensuring their comfort while sitting, as well as helping to build up their postural muscle strength (core strength) and sitting ability.

Practical tips for good posture and ergonomics Look at the set-up of your child’s desk at school and at home so that they are encouraged to ‘sit right, and then write’. Correct Ergonomics: • Both feet flat on floor • Knees, hips and ankles at 90 degree angles • Chair pulled in under the desk • Knees comfortably under the desk • Shoulders relaxed • Wrists and hands resting lightly on the desk • Neck balancing lightly on top of the spine and in the middle of the body.

Practical ways to make sitting at a desk easier for a child • Talk to your children about good and bad posture. • Practise good posture little and often (at the dinner table, at the homework table). • Encourage at least 60 minutes of physical activity every day to increase your child’s core strength. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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• Be aware of your child’s ergonomics at home and school and make the necessary adjustments. • Ensure your child’s ergonomics are correct. • Use seating accessories where necessary to make adjustments (wedges to sit on). • Use an ergonomic homework chair designed for children. • Put a non-slip mat on your child’s chair to increase friction, making a sturdier sitting base for him to sit on. • Gently remind your child to avoid ‘W’ sitting.

Postural and movement principles for better posture • Look at your child’s alignment, midline orientation, focus of attention, length and space between various body parts and remember to ‘take your head to the top of clouds’. • Encourage light support of one arm, but not static propping, or weight collapsing. • Incorporate a variety of positions during playful activities: side lying, four-point kneeling, kneel standing, and standing. • Use ergonomic aids found in the home to improve the ergonomics of your furniture at home: Always make sure that his feet are supported, using a footstool, a pile of books or a height-adjustable chair. • Adjust the height of the chair using a cushion, yellow pages, or a wedge. • Raise work surfaces if your child is particularly tall by using a plank of wood or a large book. • If your child tends to hook his writing grip around the top of his pencil, consider using an inclined sloping surface (enables him to keep his hand under the line of writing) or, for a younger child, give him a short 4 to 5cm piece of chalk to practise his drawing and writing with. • Incorporate anti-gravity creative play into daily routine. • Encourage regular movement breaks – movement plays an important part in learning. Tracy Prowse is a practising physiotherapist in Franschhoek, Western Cape, who completed her Masters degree in Sports Physiotherapy at UCT/Sports Science Institute of South Africa, before becoming the founder of her training and education business, Physifun. Physifun provides face-to-face workshops and e-learning webinars for parents, coaches and teachers of children who want to provide the children in their care with the best possible physical opportunities for optimal learning and sport. Physifun has easy-to-follow strengthening and mobility exercise programmes that aim to provide children with injury prevention strategies and exercises, as well as exercises for general movement, attention stimulation and general overall body strength. Physifun also trains physiotherapists, biokineticists and occupational therapists so that they can provide Physifun exercise classes to their local clientele. For more information, visit www.physifun.co.za.

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FEATURE

Planning the

perfect party By Carey Haupt

Birthday parties can be extravagant sugar highs that cost the earth. However, with the parties I’ve done for my children, I have tried to make them amazing, healthy and not a complete bank-breaking affair. Here are some tricks for throwing a children’s party you can be proud of.

irthdays in our family are special, a celebration and a lot of fun. Growing up, I remember my mother’s birthday party cook book with all the different birthday cakes – the Barbie Doll with the dress, the number eight car race track, and the butterfly. My mother made our parties so exciting, and she went to a lot of effort to make them special. This is a tradition that I am passing to my children.

Getting the planning right

Photo credit: Carey Haupt

• The invitation – Firstly, if your child is still young, invite the entire class. This makes everyone feel special. Generally, not all of the children will come but at least they have felt welcome. • Pick the venue – For me, a home party is the best. You don’t have to lug the food to the venue and you can save a lot of money on venue hire. For my son’s third birthday we were in a small rental with no garden. My husband and I transformed the dining and living rooms into a train station. We used masking tape to make tracks that interlinked. The small space

was not a problem when we decorated the room as it added to the atmosphere. For my daughter’s second birthday we had a teddy bear picnic at a nearby park. • Pick a theme – This is always chosen by the birthday child. I let my children get involved and help to plan the event (age dependant). This year my daughter has chosen under the sea. She helped me make envelopes that were waves, and helped to glue the invitations. Yes, this is a bit of work but it is also great bonding time with your child. • Use Pinterest for ideas – Pinterest is such a great place to get ideas, and there are some really useful things there too. Use the ideas you see and develop them to work for your party. Make the decorations yourself. You will be amazed at what you can make with paper and ribbon. • Time of the party – If you have a tight budget, choose a time for the party that does not include a meal. For example, from 09:00 to 11:00 or 14:00 to 16:00. If parents are also attending, then they will not be expecting a meal but just some snacks.

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FEATURE

Photo credit: Carey Haupt

• Fruit snack – Children love fruit. Choose fruit that is in season as this will help with your budget. You can do many different things with fruit to link into the theme. For example, skewer grapes on sosatie sticks (with other fruit if you like) to make a caterpillar (add eyes on the end grape). Concentric circles with strawberries and marshmallows, and a blue star in the middle, can be a Captain America shield. • Vegetables and dip – I love to prepare separate cups of dip and vegetables, which ensures everyone gets a portion. Use colourful vegetables like carrots peppers or baby mealies. • Popcorn – I prefer to make popcorn rather than buying chips. Firstly, popcorn is a whole grain and is much healthier than chips and, secondly, popcorn costs a fraction of the price of buying chips. It’s a great filler and a favourite among children and adults.

Make a cake • Make the cake yourself – This can be a massive cost cutter. There are so many easy but effective cake designs that you can use. For the under-the-sea party, the request was a sandcastle cake. Initially I was worried as I had no idea how to make sand, but the solution is easy – ice your cake with white butter icing and cover it with crushed tennis biscuits. It’s simple and the result is much less sugar than there is in fondant.

Get the kids moving Plan some activities to keep the kids moving and entertained. For my son’s super hero party we had a ‘save the day’ obstacle course that the children completed with the help of a parent. There was a spider’s web (made from string) that they had to climb through, a walk the plank over a volcano (dry ice making smoke), crawl through a tunnel, and use their X-ray vision to find a treat in the sand pit.

Planning the menu You can use many of the ideas mentioned below for different themes by just changing the presentation slightly. Have fun and be creative. • The drinks – I like to make my own iced tea. I use a flavoured tea, such as mango and strawberry. Use about four tea bags in one cup of boiling water. Wait for it to cool, place into the serving container, add lots of ice and water and about 1T of honey. You can also use some soda water to add bubbles. Make a test run before the party and experiment to find flavours you like. Flavoured water is also a big hit and very cost effective. I try to have as many options available as I can. The most common are strawberry water, orange and lemon water, or with thinly sliced cucumber and mint. All three are very refreshing and healthy. Tea and coffee is great for the parents. • Healthy snacks – Cocktail rolls with a protein filler are good because they’re easy for children to hold and are bite size for adults. Chicken mayo is easy and most people like it. If you decide to do sandwiches, just remember that they dry out quickly so keep them covered until they are needed.

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Gift packs For me this is a tricky one. While it’s important to say thank you for attending and for the present, I don’t want to send more sweets home with the children. This year, the gift packs for my daughter’s under-thesea party are home-made mermaid tails for the girls and crab gloves for the boys. I used simple patterns I found on Pinterest. Enjoy the preparations with your child and have fun on the day. After my daughter’s second birthday party she came to me and said: ‘Thank you Mom for my special day’. This is the reason why I still enjoy birthdays and look forward to them every year.

Family Kitchen is a company of dieticians who each have a special interest in different aspects of family health and nutrition. We provide one-on-one services for individuals and wellness and training services for corporate clients. We also run workshops on nutrition-related topics such as breastfeeding, complementary feeding, fussy eating or disease of lifestyle. For more information, email info@familykitchen.co.za or visit, www.familykitchen. co.za.

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FEATURE

Tips for teaching

your children to save By Gerald Mwandiambira, CFP®, Financial Planning Institure Media Award Winner (2014 and 2015)

When it comes to teaching your children about money, it’s never too early or too late – especially when it comes to the importance of saving.

eaching your children the significance of saving at an early age will lead to lifelong habits and financial freedom. Here are some tips to help you create a savings habit for your young children:

Pocket money One of a young child’s first encounters with money is receiving pocket money, usually given by parents to spend at school. It is also the first opportunity to begin teaching a child savings and investment principles by encouraging responsible money behaviour with the use of these funds.

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Teaching your children the significance of saving at an early age will lead to lifelong habits and financial freedom. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

2016/06/27 2:40 PM

FEATURE

Children are generally old enough to handle money once they have basic numeracy.

Grade 1 is a good starting point as in many schools, tuck shops are a feature and will soon have a child quickly learning that ten rand buys more than five rand. The amount you give your child initially must be a small – enough to buy a treat but not too much to start enforcing anti-social money behaviour. Many parents think that by giving a child a large amount of money that they are helping the child make friends and show off wealth. In fact, they are teaching the child not to value money and how to manipulate others using money, and possibly also encouraging obesity.

When is a child old enough to handle money? Children are generally old enough to handle money once they have basic numeracy. This age is as early as four or five years old depending on the child. At this age, exposure to money is to teach a child that money has a value, that money is exchanged for goods, and that money should be saved. The savings habit is best taught through the use of a piggy bank and, until a child is fully capable of addition and subtraction, saving is best taught by giving targets in the number a child can save. You can encourage the behaviour through rewarding the child with more coins for saving. This is the basic introduction to saving and investment – an important principle: when money is put aside you can be rewarded with more money. This is the basis of interest and compound interest. As the child gets older and the coins accumulate, you can then open a bank account and teach your child that banks act as storage for money. This is an introduction to the financial system.

Your child is an individual The individual approach you take to teaching your child will ensure responsibility and respect for money in the future. Where possible, encourage children to ‘earn’ pocket money by doing chores. This plants the seed of work ethics and not entitlement. Money is also a great tool to teach discipline through punishment by withholding pocket money. Despite how ‘poor’ you may think you were growing up, try not to overcompensate by spoiling your children financially. Remember that if your child grows with a sense of entitlement, you are setting yourself up for ‘rebellion’ should your financial circumstances change. When you teach children the correct core principles, they will understand when you say you are ‘saving’ for the big toy or trip they want, and

appreciate money for its true use, a simple exchange for goods and services. Try not to allow a child to develop a negative, positive or emotional bond to money as this will have consequences in adult life. Money is a tool, try to keep that perspective clear and remind them that your love is more important than any amount of money. A challenge to consider is not to substitute love with money.

How much is enough? The simple answer here is that there are no clear rules and every parent must do some investigation. If the pocket money is strictly for tuck shop, it is best you visit the school and note the prices of the items you would allow your child to consume. You can then use this as a guide as to how much to give. Remember that it is your child, and you should decide what is best for them to eat. If you are also encouraging a child to ‘earn’ extra pocket money, you can set a weekly amount and the child can earn more money. You should still monitor behaviour and ensure that all earnings are not spent – a problem many adults have! Ensure that at least 30% is saved, this is preparing your child to save and invest. You must also encourage a child to maintain multiple savings goals in the form of different piggy banks or money tins for different purposes. This is seeding the concept of budgeting for specific purposes.

Recommended weekly pocket money amounts Assuming that your child takes a healthy lunch box to school and does not need the tuck shop for food, here are my suggested pocket money amounts, and amounts you can consider for your child to earn for each household chore. These amounts are suggestions and the final decision depends on you as a parent.

Child’s age

Weekly tuck shop

Amount per household chore

Birthday cash gift

4 to 8

R10

R100

8 to 12

R20

R200

13 to 15

R50

R500

16 to 18

R100

R10

R1000

To find a CFP® professional/Certified Financial Planner® professional near you, visit www.fpi.co.za or contact FPI on 086 1000 FPI (374) / 011 470 6000. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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FEATURE

Choosing the

perfect pram

for you and your babies The South African Multiple Birth Association offers some advice and tips about buying prams for twins and triplets.

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www.babysandbeyond.co.za

2016/06/27 2:40 PM

FEATURE

hat kind of terrain will you be strolling on? For bumpy or twisty roads, or if you’d like to run, camp or hike with your babies, look for a pram with a flexible suspension and sturdy wheels – and preferably bigger wheels. Crowded city pavements or busy malls require good suspension and wheels, but make sure the pram isn’t too big so that you can easily weave in and out of the crowds. A smaller-framed pram is also better for navigating busy shopping aisles. Any kind of pram works for spacious neighbourhoods with flat pavements – you’ll just need to take into consideration what other features you want your pram to have, for example, do you need to consider extreme weather conditions? Does the pram have forward and rear-facing options? Most ‘from birth’ baby prams have both rear- and forward-facing positions because the period between birth and nine months is vital for your babies to be able to make eye contact with you. In a rear-facing pram, your babies will be able to see you and hear your voice, which is very comforting and reassuring. Is your boot big enough? If you have a small car it is not recommended that you buy a bulky pram. Remember you still need to fit the grocery shopping around it. Are you strong enough to lift and shift the pram? Even though you are only lifting the pram between the car boot and the ground, make sure you are comfortable with the weight, especially when collapsing it and popping it back up again. Practice these moves on a few prams because some are easier to collapse than others. The last thing you need is to be driven to tears when your babies are crying, your pram won’t fold, and you’ve dropped all your shopping on the floor. Will your pram be part of a travelling system? You are going to want to take a walk with your little ones, so make sure you get a pram that can carry newborns. Some prams come with an optional newborn inner so that you can keep your car seat in your car. You can also get a carry cot for your pram if you prefer. Consider a pram that is part of a travel system, one that comes with a car seat, carrycot and base. A travel system ensures that everything is compatible and you don’t need to do separate research for each of these items.

If you have a small car it is not recommended that you buy a bulky pram.

www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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Consider a pram that is part of a travel system, one that comes with a car seat, carrycot and base.

Is your partner much taller or shorter than you are? Make sure you both feel comfortable with the handlebar height of your pram. Some prams have adjustable handles, which is great. However, if it doesn’t, both you and your partner should do a test drive to make sure you are not too hunched over. How easy is the pram to clean? That seat is going to get dirty over time, so make sure it is easy to clean or has removable, washable seats. A darker colour hides stains better, but if you do choose a lighter colour ensure the material is dirt and water resistant. What accessories are important to you? Lots of Prams have optional extras such as cup holders, umbrellas, rain covers, mosquito nets, toys, and even buggy boards for your toddlers to stand on – toddlers find this fun and it prevents you from getting whiplash looking for them in malls. Does your pram offer shade? You need to think of the weather conditions you are going to expose your babies to. Do you like to go camping, hiking or for walks on the beach? If so, you will need a pram with a large and more resilient sun canopy. One pram or more? If you are a jet setter, then having more than one pram is a good idea as you could leave your heavier, bigger pram at home and take a smaller, simpler, lightweight stroller with you on your travels. Side by side or tandem? Do you want your babies to interact with each other as they get older, or do you want them one behind the other and you rotate who has a turn in front to has more of your attention in the back seat? Also consider shopping isles and fitting through them, as well as the security at the entrance to the shops. Triplet parents. Triplet prams tend to be long and become very heavy and difficult to manoeuvre as your children grow. When it comes to resale there are also fewer people expecting triplets. Triplet prams can be pushed by one person but if you opt for a twin and single pram, you’ll need two people to push them. SAMBA, the South African Multiple Birth Association, aims to assist parents with emotional and moral support. Seminars are held twice a year for parents expecting twins and more. For further information, visit www.samultiplebirth.co.za or email Marion Smith on marionsmith@telkomsa.net.

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FEATURE

Play is

Photo credit: Mothers and Miracles

children’s

work

By Rene Brummage, MD, Mothers and Miracles

Whether you have a new-born baby or a toddler, play is special. Not only is it fun, but it is very important for children’s development. It is their ‘work’ and their way of learning about the world around them.

hrough play, children try out new skills, explore their imagination and creativity, and learn about relationships with other people. It can also be an especially powerful bonding time with parents and caregivers. You may also find that playtime with your child brings out the best in you, too. The beauty of this learning and growing time is that the motivation for a young child to do it is already there – it’s enjoyable. It’s important that you take some time to think about the different ways you play with your child, the ways you notice your child playing on his own, and what his reaction is to different types of play.

What is play? Play is often referred to as the ‘work of children’. It provides an opportunity to explore and, therefore, to learn. Any range of activities can be play, and any play can offer multiple opportunities to learn and practice new skills. Just as your child grows, these skills www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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– one on top of the other – build a foundation for the tasks we undertake at school and as grown-ups. Let’s take a look at some sandbox play, for instance: Look at me! I am learning so much neat stuff like scooping and pouring, new colours, shapes, and sizes, and what empty and full means. You listen so patiently to me as I babble or try to say new words

Play is often referred to as the ‘work of children’

2016/06/27 2:40 PM

FEATURE like ‘sand’ and ‘bucket.’ Maybe we can pretend we’re in a castle. I may not understand it at first, but I’ll have fun with you and try to imitate what you do. All this will really help me when I go to school one day and learn big kid things about math, science, and reading. Next time you are playing with your baby or toddler, notice all the great things to learn with that particular activity. It might be practicing musclemovements, such as reaching for a rattle, or learning about its shape and feel, by putting his mouth on it. Maybe it’s learning how something can act as a symbol by using a toy block for a play telephone, or understanding how to relate to friends by playing a game. So many play activities offer opportunities for exploring the senses (vision, hearing, taste, and touch) and skill development, such as muscle, thinking, language, and social skills. It’s all fun, so kids don’t even realise how hard they’re working!

It’s all fun, so kids don’t even realise how hard they’re working! • F ollow your child’s lead. Provide an object, toy, or activity for your baby or toddler and then see what he does with it. It’s okay if it is not the ‘right’ way . . . let him show you a ‘new way.’ • Help slowly. It’s great to model a new skill, but control the urge to do it for him. You can begin something, such as picking up a block and putting it on another, and then allow him to try. Providing just enough help to keep frustration from setting in encourages him to learn a new skill. • Watch for signals. Your little one may not be able to tell you when he’s had enough or when he’s frustrated. Reading the signals that proceed an outburst can be helpful to let you know when to help out or change to a new activity. Young children do best with shorter, more frequent playtimes. Reading his signals can also tell you what activities are his favourites. • Look at the environment. Are there distractions such as glaring light or too much noise? Is the area safe to explore? Is this a good place for the type of play that might take place, such as running, throwing, or making a mess? Checking it out beforehand can prevent a tantrum, an accident, or a broken lamp. Don’t forget that some of the best play environments can be during your everyday routines, such as bath times and bedtimes. For more information, visit Mothers and Miracles at www.mothersandmiracles.co.za.

Adults and play As a parent, you are your child’s very first and favourite playmate. From the very beginning of your child’s life, he is engaging in play with you, whether following your face as you move it slowly from one side of his to the other, or listening to your voice as you sing to him during his nappy change. He is at work, learning and exploring. You are my favourite person to look at and listen to, and I love it when you are silly with me. I have a lot of fun toys to play with, but they don’t compare to you! It’s fun to watch you do something and then try to do it myself, and I’m not afraid to try something new, because you let me make mistakes and it’s okay. I may get a little fussy when I get frustrated or have had too much, but you always know when to help me change activities. You sure know me pretty well! So, what can you do to make the most of children’s playtime? Here are some simple tips for encouraging your child to learn and explore:

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FEATURE

Striking a balance between

screen time and traditional play

arly childhood development is an integral part in the acquisition of concepts, skills and attitudes that lay the foundation of lifelong learning. ‘Quality development in these areas can assist young children to learn the basic skills needed to perform efficiently at school and at home,’ says Grant Webster, COO of Toy Kingdom. This children’s toy store places great importance on using educational toys to help children develop the skills needed to participate in their environment, and has introduced a category system in-store for certain toys to help parents navigate according to the skills the toys build.

Balancing screen time and traditional play Children need to learn from a very young age how to react to the world around them, and playing with toys like dolls and action figures can help with understanding feelings like empathy. According to registered Occupational Therapist, Dana Katz, educational toys – especially those that support fine motor, visual perceptual, planning and problemsolving skills – can help to develop more refined,

BAB 10 June2016.indd 28

Photo credit: Toy Kingdom

The growing availability of occupational therapy (OT) resources to assist with early childhood development, particularly for motor and perception skills, enables teachers, parents and guardians to identify issues early on that might otherwise be left untreated. higher level learning skills. ‘Skill development is essentially like building a pyramid, if the lower building blocks are in place we can continue to build on that skill. If all the underlying skills – gross motor, sensory motor, focus, awareness of the two sides of the body and motor planning – are in place developmentally and the child is able to process sensory information effectively, developmental toys and games can be valuable in supporting higher level skill development,’ she insists. ‘In this day and age of electrical devices, keeping traditional educational toys for playtime is becoming increasingly important so that children can still spend time developing the basic skills associated with play,’ Grant adds. Dana believes that moderation and responsible use is key in this area. ‘Research shows that too much screen time can be detrimental to young children, impacting negatively on emotions and behaviour. Excessive screen time generally results in extended periods of sedentary activity, with a child often assuming a poor posture for long periods and focusing on a small visual field to the detriment of the peripheral visual field (which is required for much www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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FEATURE school based and play based activities). This in itself will impact negatively on a developing child.’ She also believes that children of all ages should be playing with traditional toys and playing actively and independently inside and outside. According to international standards, paediatricians recommend no more than two hours of screen time per day.

How to identify if your child needs OT Dana advises that generally, if a child does not enjoy an age-appropriate game or activity, has difficulty engaging with his peers in play, is unable to participate actively in everyday classroom tasks, and is struggling to develop independence in age appropriate tasks at home (play, dressing, feeding, toileting, etc), there may be a deficit or delay in skill development. She also explains that often children’s resistant, controlling or avoidant behaviour can be the first sign that they are finding something challenging. For those who have recognised some of these signs and whose children are perhaps already in occupational therapy, there are a variety of toys and role play exercises that can further assist in building essential skills at home. Putting some time aside each day for children to engage with these activities can help further their development and enrich their worlds.

Toys that assist a child’s development at home Examples of skills building toys include: • Toys that encourage problem solving – Lego and building blocks are a good choice for developing children’s motor and problem solving skills as these give them an opportunity to try and figure things out for themselves. It’s important to also consider toys that will help build strength in children’s hands, such as play dough and scissors. This strength will be necessary for writing and other daily activities. • Things that feel ‘weird’ – toys with sticky or slimy surfaces help children to experiment with texture. This can be beneficial in ensuring children are more open to putting textured food in their mouths and is also a great way for them to get their hands working. • Toys that require the use of both hands – learning to use both hands well can help with colouring, cutting and writing. Wind-up toys are a good example, or even simply tossing and catching a ball. • Toys that encourage pretend play – fantasy and play have long been used to stimulate creativity and social skills. By pretending to do or be something different, the child is practicing both verbal and non-verbal communication, harnessing the skills to socialise and cooperate with other children and adults. To find a Toy Kingdom store, visit www.toykingdom.co.za. REFERENCES Department of Basic Education, Education For All (EFA) – Country Progress Report 2014 – www.education.gov.za; Psych central http:// psychcentral.com/lib/how-do-smartphones-affect-childhoodpsychology/; Time Magazine http://time.com/3834978/babies-usedevices/; Scientific American www.scientificamerican.com/article/ pediatricians-no-more-than-2-hour-screen-time-kids/.

www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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FEATURE

Photo credit: Tower Kids®

Let’s play! By Chantel Nortje, Physiotherapist with a special interest in paediatrics

We all get into a bad routine of not setting aside enough time regularly, giving our focused attention and engaging with our children while they play traditional games and undertake fun, messy activities. It is important to note that lack of exposure to age-appropriate stimulation can lead to difficulties and barriers to learning.

n today’s fast-paced, technology-driven world we sometimes forget the basics when it comes to our children’s growth and development. With society’s general move towards spending more time engaging with digital media, not enough time is being spent on traditional games and activities that would normally encourage the development of sensory, perceptual, language and motor skills. From my training and experience as a Physiotherapist, I see many children miss out on crucial development and, as a result, they are struggling more and more at earlier ages in the school environment. As children move and build their body strength through active play they also develop important motor skills. One of the most significant benefits gained from encouraging active play is the development of physical stability needed for fine motor skills. Fine motor skills relate to the development of the small muscles of the hands needed for writing, cutting and other complex dexterity tasks later on. It is helpful and fun to concentrate on playing games or doing activities together that include children using their body and shoulder muscles to encourage fine motor skills. Progress and maturity of these areas of development form the basis, and provide benefits, for school-related tasks such as sitting at a desk for a prolonged period, writing,

BAB 10 June2016.indd 30

cutting, drawing, tying shoe laces, writing from the left to the right side of the page, and motor planning (being able to plan and execute purposeful movement). During my therapy sessions with children, I have used a variety of the Tower Kids© products, including the sand art and foam mosaic, as mediums for strengthening children’s hand and finger muscles and developing fine motor skills. These fun, multisensory activities specifically target and strengthen hand and finger muscles by facilitating the repetitive use of various types of important finger grasps and hand postures over a prolonged time to create a beautiful craft that is unique and special. The benefit of developing these fine motor skills will positively impact school-related tasks, such as writing or cutting, and playing and having fun together is also a great way to spend quality time with your child. I encourage people to slow down and really invest in the process of their children’s development and spending time playing with them, rather than trying to get ahead as fast as possible. By engaging in activities aimed at particular areas of motor development, families can help children learn and cope with the ever-increasing expectations placed on them at school, while having fun at the same time! For more information, visit www.towerkids.co.za. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

2016/06/27 2:44 PM

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HEALTH

Take a deep breath, count to three,

and relax… By Gavin Sutton, veteran paramedic and COO for Be Safe Paramedical South Africa

While I always enjoy writing articles about everyday topics and teaching parents that with even the most basic knowledge we can make a big difference in an emergency, I also like to challenge myself and our readers with something a little more controversial. In this case, Shaken Baby Syndrome.

haken Baby Syndrome (SBS) is controversial because, while there is scientific and physical evidence that proves it to be a real issue, there are many people who challenge the credibility of this evidence. Here’s a scenario for you. What are your thoughts? It’s 07:00 and our Paramedic Unit responds to a call where a three-month-old baby (Baby M) is reported to be having seizures. We arrive at the scene and find the baby boy on his bed and he is actively convulsing. He has no significant past medical history or any history of trauma. We begin treatment to terminate the convulsions and question the Mom and Dad about the little one’s history. Mom says that ‘Baby M’ has not been himself for the past two days. He has not been feeding well and seems to be lethargic and sleepy for much of the time. We ask who usually takes care of ‘Baby M’ and the answer is that they both do. However, Dad took care of ‘Baby M’ three nights ago when Mom had to go to a meeting. Dad says nothing unusual happened during the time he was caring for the baby. However, he does appear somewhat defensive in response to our questions. He says, ‘I didn’t do anything wrong, I didn’t cause this’. A response we think is a bit out of sorts, so we make a mental note to give this information to the receiving doctor. Once we have stabilised the baby we rush off to hospital where treatment is continued. Following a brain scan, the Neuro Surgeon diagnoses a subdural

BAB 10 June2016.indd 32

haematoma (bleeding in between the cranium and outermost protective layer of the brain) with brain swelling. Further investigation also shows bleeding behind the retina in the eye. The subdural haematoma is a classic injury associated with some form of head trauma. However, there is no history of a fall or otherwise, and no external signs of trauma. The parents are questioned further, with the line of questioning taking a different direction. After one particular question the father bursts into tears and says, ‘Three nights ago, I had to rush home from work because my wife had to attend a meeting. “Baby M” was crying more than usual and I had a cracking headache. It all became too much and I completely lost it. I picked “Baby M” up and just shook him. I didn’t hit him, just shook him really hard. I was hoping it would stop him crying, even for just a few minutes.’ Is this a bad father? The truth is that this father had no idea that what he was about to do could put his little boy’s life in grave danger. Surely shaking a baby wouldn’t cause so much damage? Sadly, this is the case with the majority of parents who are accused and prosecuted for Abusive Head Trauma (AHT), also called Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS).

How could shaking a baby cause life-threatening injury? The head of an infant is proportionally larger than the rest of its body. The larger head also means www.babysandbeyond.co.za

2016/06/27 2:44 PM

HEALTH Although it is unlikely that this alone would create sufficient force to cause a brain injury, there are a couple of concerns with this practise. Firstly, it is very easy to drop your baby. Consider that the amount of force generated from a drop of around two meters is definitely going to cause a potentially serious injury. In addition, you cannot support the neck as the baby is caught, with consequences as discussed. A better practise, and far less risk, is to not let your baby leave your hands as you lift him or her up.

Photo credit: Realityworks

Preventing AHT

This Shaken Baby Syndrome Simulator shows the extent of the the baby’s head movement because of its mass and the baby’s undeveloped neck muscles.

proportionally greater mass. When a significant shaking force is applied to the infant, the brain is jolted around in the cranium. This is because of a combination of head mass and undeveloped neck muscles. The jolting causes blood vessels in the brain to tear and bleed. The brain itself may also make contact with the inside of the cranium causing injury and swelling. The cranium is a fixed structure and even small amounts of swelling can have extremely serious consequences.

What are the consequences of shaking a baby? Statistically, it has been shown that one in every four cases will result in the death of the infant, and survivors could face lifelong disability that may include but are not limited to: • Partial or total blindness • Hearing loss • Seizures • Developmental delays • Impaired intellect • Speech and learning difficulties • Problems with memory and attention • Severe mental retardation • Cerebral palsy

It is suggested that irrespective of the activity or play you involve you baby in, always make sure that the neck is supported to minimise the jolting action on the brain. In addition, an unsupported neck could become strained, which is both painful and difficult to manage in infants. We have all seen some parents toss their babies into the air and catch them on the way down. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

BAB 10 June2016.indd 33

Gavin is a paramedic and previous head of training for the Western Cape Emergency Medical Services. He is currently the chief operating officer at Be Safe Paramedical South Africa. www.be-safe.co.za

Photo credit: Gavin Sutton

Could I cause injury through play?

There’s no doubt that life has become increasingly more stressful, affecting our lives in more ways than we care to admit. Add to this a demanding new family member and things can move from emotional to physical without you even realising it. I have seen some really terrible things happen in completely normal families. Irrespective of what stressors exist in your life, AHT is 100% preventable. As described in the scenario above, parents and caregivers are mostly ignorant as to the amount of damage shaking can cause to an infant. Therefore, a key aspect of prevention is increasing awareness about the potential dangers. Babies cry as a means of communicating their needs to us, and we need to figure out what they are trying to say and then respond to it. When things become too much, take a deep breath, count to three and relax. Before you act on your emotions use those extra three seconds to think about the consequences of what you are about to do. Once a thought has been acted out, no amount of wishing will make it go away. The act and its consequences will become a part of your everyday reality. Please don’t do it!

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HEALTH

Too sick for school? What is the difference between a cold and the flu, and when should you keep your child home from school? Emma Dawson talks to Clicks Pharmacist, Waheed Abdurahman, about dealing with colds and flu this winter. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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HEALTH

cold is generally a runny nose, sneezing, teary eyes, a headache and a post nasal drip. It’s not always accompanied by a fever but can be. A cold usually starts with nasal or throat symptoms and generally resolves within a few days. The flu on the other hand is much more severe. The infected person has a fever, body aches and pains, possibly a secondary infection such as sinusitis, bronchitis or an ear infection, dizziness, joint and muscle pain, a loss of taste and smell, a lack of appetite, and may take two to four weeks to recover completely. One is generally a lot less functional during a bout of the flu than with a cold. Emma Dawson [ED]: How seriously should parents take colds, are they infectious, and when should a child be kept home from playschool/school? Waheed Abdurahman [WA]: You should definitely keep children at home when they’re sick, and send them back to school once sneezing, runny nose and fever have cleared. ED: How infectious is the flu and how is it transmitted? WA: Flu should be considered highly infectious as there are different strains with various degrees of virulence. It’s better to treat all strains as infectious. Flu is transmitted mostly through coughing and sneezing, in other words, via droplet infection. ED: If children have a cold or the sniffles, can they still play sports or should they be kept quiet? WA: Parents should always ensure their children avoid sports and physically exerting themselves until they’re fully recovered. ED: How important is it to wrap children up warmly when they’re sick? WA: It’s more important to reduce a fever than wrapping children up warmly. However, it is advised to keep warm. Often those infected will feel cold because they have a fever, which means that the ambient temperature feels a lot cooler for them because their bodies are so warm. As such, focus on reducing the fever first. ED: Should fluid intake be increased when children have colds/flu? WA: Yes, this applies to adults as well as children. ED: What do parents do if children won’t eat when they’re sick? WA: As long as you ensure your child is taking liquids they should be fine. You can also try a milkshake supplement, yoghurt, a sandwich, a cup-a-soup, or a multivitamin supplement. However, if there is any substantial weight loss, take your child to the doctor immediately.

One is generally a lot less functional during a bout of the flu than with a cold. 36

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Waheed Abdurahman, Clicks Pharmacist

ED: What hygiene tips do you recommend for preventing colds and other winter germs from spreading? WA: Make sure you and your children wash your hands frequently, sneeze and cough into a tissue, and avoid sharing towels and eating utensils until they’ve been washed. ED: What tips can you offer to boost the immune system, and what supplement advice do you suggest to ward off winter germs? WA: Maintain a healthy, balanced diet with adequate fruits and vegetables; and supplement with products containing Echinacea, Elderberry, Vitamins C, A, D and Selenium. You can also consult your Click Pharmacist for the most appropriate supplement for your child’s age. ED: When should parents seek advice from a pharmacist and when should they go directly to a doctor? WA: The pharmacist may assist at any stage, but the following symptoms will warrant a visit to the doctor – signs of an ear infection (pain in the ear); sinusitis (green/yellow mucus); bronchitis (severe coughing); difficulty breathing; symptoms that last for more than three days that are not improving (or worsening); extreme tiredness or malaise; and an uncontrolled fever. If you are concerned about your child’s health for any reason, or are unsure of how ill your child is, please visit your doctor without delay. For more information, visit www.clicks.co.za or call 0860 254 257. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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HEALTH

Dental health

and fluoride treatment

By Dr Adel Rossouw, BChD (Pret) Dip (KGM) Dip (For Odont)

Understand the importance of fluoride, what it does, and when it should be taken to ensure your children receive the recommend levels.

luoride is a mineral that occurs naturally in water, foods and soil. Most people are exposed to fluoride through treated drinking water and dental products such as toothpastes and mouthwashes.

What does fluoride do? Fluoride helps to prevent tooth decay by making the tooth more resistant to acid attacks from plaque bacteria combined with sugars in the mouth. Fluoride also reverses early decay by accumulating in the area where minerals are lost and fluoride, calcium and phosphates are redeposited to the enamel layer of the tooth. In children under the age of six, fluoride becomes incorporated into the developing permanent teeth, making it difficult for acids to demineralise the teeth.

In what forms is fluoride available? Fluoride may be ingested or applied topically. If foods containing fluoride (for example, meats, fish and tea leaves) are consumed, then it enters the bloodstream and is eventually absorbed by the bones and teeth. Many communities add fluoride to their drinking water to ensure that recommended levels are obtained. Fluoride can also be directly applied to the teeth through fluoridated toothpastes and mouth rinses. A dentist can also apply fluoride to the teeth in a gel, foam, varnish or a rinse form. These treatments contain much higher fluoride levels than found in www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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toothpastes and rinses. The teeth will absorb the topical fluoride and the fluoride will remain in the mouth for several hours after treatment. Fluoride supplements are also available as liquids and tablets and must be prescribed by your dentist, paediatrician, or family doctor.

When must fluoride be taken? It is important for infants and children between the ages of six months to 16 years to be exposed to fluoride. This is the time frame when the primary and permanent teeth are forming and erupting. However, adults will also benefit from topical fluoride treatments in preventing tooth decay.

It is important for infants and children between the ages of six months to 16 years to be exposed to fluoride. 39

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HEALTH Children with the following conditions or problems may especially benefit from fluoride treatment: • History of cavities or tooth decay • Poor oral hygiene • Diets with a high sugar or carbohydrate intake • Braces • Dry mouth or the lack of saliva. This can be caused by medications (such as allergy medications, antihistamines). • Children (and adults) with diabetes.

Is fluoride safe? Fluoride is safe and effective when used properly, but high levels of fluoride can be hazardous. Excess fluoride can cause defects in the tooth’s enamel, ranging from barely noticeable white spots to severe brown discoloration. This is known as Dental Fluorosis. It is also possible for a lifetime of exposure to high levels of fluoride to lead to bone weakening and skeletal fluorosis (joint stiffness and pain). Fluoride overdose is possible, for example, if a small child consumes an entire tube of toothpaste. These symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps, general weakness, faintness, tiredness and convulsions. If you do have concerns or questions about the amount of fluoride that you or your child is receiving, don’t hesitate to contact your dentist, paediatrician, or family doctor.

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In children under the age of six, fluoride becomes incorporated into the developing permanent teeth. Here are a few useful tips about fluoride: • Store fluoride supplements away from young children. • Avoid flavoured toothpastes (such as bubblegum) because these tend to encourage the toothpaste to be swallowed. • Use only a pea-size amount of fluoridated toothpaste on a child’s toothbrush. • Be cautious about using fluoridated toothpaste in children younger than the age of six. They are more likely to swallow the toothpaste instead of spitting it out. For more information, visit www.adelrossouw.co.za.

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HEALTH

The pros and cons of the

flu vaccine By Elmarie Jensen, Marketing Manager, Genesis Medical Scheme

The flu vaccination is widely recommended as a preventative measure that will protect you from getting seriously ill. However, some experts strongly believe that the vaccineâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s potential lack of safety may outweigh its benefits. This article provides both the pros and cons for having the flu vaccine.

ith the winter season upon us, most of us are likely to be affected, in some way or another, by the influenza (flu) virus. Some of us get sick, while many others have to take care of loved ones who become ill. Generally speaking, flu is more dangerous than the common cold for pregnant ladies, children and the elderly. Complications of flu, such as pneumonia and the worsening of existing heart problems, can also be life-threatening. The flu vaccination is widely recommended as a preventative measure that will protect you from getting seriously ill. The Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the USA conducts annual

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studies to determine how well the flu vaccine protects against the virus and, although recent studies found that its effectiveness can vary, it does show that the risk of getting flu is reduced by 50% to 60%.

Who should be inoculated? With the exception of babies under the age of six months old, vaccination against flu is widely recommended for every member of the public, but in particular for the following groups of people during the flu season: â&#x20AC;˘ Women in their second or third trimester of pregnancy, as getting the flu during pregnancy

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HEALTH may raise the risk of pregnancy complications (this will also protect their babies for up to six months after they are born) • Children older than six months and adults with a weakened immune system (HIV/AIDS for example), or with a chronic health condition (respiratory disorder or diabetes, for example) • Children on long-term aspirin therapy • Children with neurological conditions (for example, disorders of the brain, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, mental retardation, and muscular dystrophy) • Caregivers • Everyone aged 65 years and older

Who should not be inoculated? Any person suffering from the following condition(s) should not be inoculated without first consulting a physician: • A severe allergy to chicken eggs. • Had a severe reaction to a flu vaccination in the past. • Developed Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) or any other complication within six weeks of a previous flu vaccination.

How well does the flu vaccine work? According to Rishdah Wheeler, a Cape Town pharmacist, there is no conclusive evidence that the flu vaccine is always effective in preventing or mitigating any attack of flu. And, people who have had the vaccine often complain that it was ineffective. There is no single virus that causes the flu and therefore there is no single vaccine that can offer protection against all strains of the virus. Rishdah states that two factors play an important role in determining the likelihood that the flu vaccine will protect a person from flu illness: • Characteristics of the person being vaccinated (such as their age and general state of health) • The similarity or ‘match’ between the specific strain of the flu virus, and the flu vaccine. It takes time to produce vaccines, so a new vaccine can’t be instantly produced when a new flu strain starts to cause problems. A flu vaccine is designed to confer immunity against the strains of flu that are expected to be the most common and the most serious. ‘During years when the flu vaccine is not well matched to circulating viruses, it is possible that no benefit from flu vaccination may be observed. However, during years when there is a good match between the flu vaccine and circulating viruses, substantial benefits may be measured,’ Rishdah points out.

How safe is ‘safe’? The CDC and United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) conducts ongoing safety monitoring of vaccines licensed for use. They use the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System and the Vaccine Safety Datalink in collaboration with various other healthcare organisations as primary systems to monitor vaccine safety. These studies report no risks associated with the use of the flu vaccine and are regarded among the

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safest medical products in use. In fact, CDC and the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommend that all pregnant women and everyone six months of age and older receive an annual flu vaccination.

A shot worth taking? However, in a 2013 report from the Vaccine Court of the Department of Justice in the USA, some serious warnings were issued. The report highlighted that, of all the people injured or killed by vaccines, the greatest percentage of damages compensated were for the flu vaccine (mostly for GBS). They reported that injuries and deaths because of the flu vaccine were compensated more than the total compensation paid out for eleven other types of vaccines and concluded that the flu vaccine is the most dangerous vaccine in America. Some experts strongly believe that the potential lack of safety of the flu vaccine may outweigh its benefits. Information provided by vaccine makers almost always categorically warns that ‘safety and effectiveness have not been established…’. Various scientists, virologists and medical journals have reported that there is no valid evidence that flu vaccines are safe or effective. Studies conducted in the United Kingdom, Finland and Sweden have also concurred that the flu vaccine directly contributed to the rise in cases of narcolepsy in children (including the unborn developing foetus). Although there is strong consensus that serious adverse events associated with flu vaccines are very rare, the risk of any complication(s) is not absolutely zero. Conditions such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), autism, learning problems and certain autoimmune disorders may take years to manifest, but may be positively linked to the flu vaccine. Some immunologists are also of the opinion that narcolepsy, diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis may be positively associated to the flu vaccine.

Besides vaccination, how can you protect yourself? The choice to vaccinate or not is a difficult one. While the safety of the flu vaccine is a given in the majority of instances, the potential risk associated with it is most certainly an important factor to consider for some people. Ideally we should all build up our own immune systems and not rely on the flu vaccination. Having a healthy immune system could result in not getting sick that often. Our immune system is complex and depends on many factors, including a balanced diet of fresh food, regular exercise, adequate sleep, good hygiene, and managing psychological stress, to name but a few factors. Sources: www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/vaccine/qa_vacpregnant.htm; www.babycenter.com/404_is-it-safe-to-get-a-flu-shot-when-impregnant_2488.bc; www.greenmedinfo.com/blog/deadly-truthabout-flu-vaccines-and-pregnancy; www.vaccinationcouncil. org/2013/11/27/a-shot-never-worth-taking-the-flu-vaccine-by-kellybrogan-md/; www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/children.htm; www.cdc.gov/ flu/protect/vaccine/general.htm; healthimpactnews.com/2014/ flu-vaccine-is-the-most-dangerous-vaccine-in-the-united-statesbased-on-settled-cases-for-injuries/; www.gems.gov.za/default. aspx?1IaV/UwX3mAmXBjnU7bFhw==; www.cdc.gov/flu/about/qa/ vaccineeffect.htm

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HEALTH

Concerns around

red meat

â&#x20AC;&#x201C; is it safe to eat? There is much consternation about the safety of red meat with regard to antibiotics, hormones and other supplements used when raising animals. Professor Hettie SchĂśnfeldt, a researcher at the Institute of Food, Nutrition & Well-Being at the University of Pretoria, shares her considered view on the subject.

hen it comes to red meat, consumers are often concerned about environmental contamination (particularly in drinking water) and the possible link with hormone-dependent cancers and other effects on human health. However, it is important to understand the purposes of the different substances used when raising animals, as well as how exposure to humans is controlled (Webb & Erasmus, 2013).

Antibiotics 1. Antimicrobials, including antibiotics such as tetracycline and penicillin, are substances that prevent or kill the growth of harmful bacteria, fungi or protozoa, and are vital in the treatment of infections and diseases in both humans and animals. 2. The use of antibiotics in animal agriculture represents one of the most contentious issues that this industry faces. Antibiotics have been broadly used in one of four ways in food-producing animals, namely: a) therapeutic use to treat infections and diseases; b) metaphylaxis or shortterm treatment and prevention of diseases; c) prophylaxis or long-term use to prevent diseases; and d) sub-therapeutic use to enhance growth performance and improve feed efficiency (Mathew et al., 2007). 3. In 2006, the European Union (EU) banned the sub-therapeutic use of antimicrobials in foodproducing animals, and South Africa has followed suit (Henton et al., 2011). 4. Although the use of antimicrobials remains challenging, the controversy about its misuse in animals has diminished because the use of these substances is very strictly regulated.

Growth-promoting hormones 1. In South Africa the use of hormone residues are regulated by the National Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, and growth-

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promoting hormones are registered under the Fertilizers, Farm Feeds, Agricultural Remedies and Stock Remedies Act, Act 36 of 1947. The levels permitted in foods are controlled under the Foodstuffs, Cosmetics and Disinfectants Act 54 of 1972 as part of R1809 of 1992. 2. The beef industry uses hormonal growth implants and feed additives to enhance growth during the fattening phase of animal production. These practices improve growth and feed efficacy, improve carcass composition and render the production system kinder on the environment due to a shorter fattening phase. 3. Much research and investigation has been carried out on the practice of using growthpromoting hormones in animal production and the majority concluded that their use is safe. 4. Concerns related to hormone-dependent cancers are weak. Cancer patterns are affected by various factors, including geography, age, time, other hormonal treatments (eg contraceptives) and numerous physiological stressors. Whilst the overall diet plays a role in cancer risk, research indicates that the amount of hormones ingested through the products of treated animals is negligible compared to the levels produced naturally by the human body each day and that these cancers are found regardless of the consumption of meat and other animal products.

Residues 1. Residues that are found in foodstuffs are classified as parent compounds (active ingredient) of veterinary medicines and their metabolites found in any edible portion of the animal product, and include residues of inactive ingredients and associated impurities of the veterinary medicine concerned. 2. Foodstuffs in South Africa are subjected to a Chemical Residue Monitoring Programme for

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HEALTH local supply, and a Chemical Residue Control Programme for exports. These programmes are monitored by legislation placed on veterinary drugs and analyses are routinely conducted at abattoirs on meat samples.

Nutritional supplements 1. Nutrient supplements are sometimes added to the animalâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s diet to ensure optimal nutritional balance, similar to humans taking supplements in their diet. Supplements can include protein, vitamins and minerals, which are not harmful to humans.

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Apart from concerns related to substances, consumers also have concerns relating to red meat and cancer since the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) published its evaluation of red and processed meat in October 2015 in the British Medical journal, The Lancet Oncology. It states that: â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Red meat contains high biological value proteins and important micronutrients such as B vitamins, iron (both free iron and heme iron), and zinc.â&#x20AC;&#x2122; A working group of 22 scientists from 10 countries was unable to reach a consensus agreement. However, based on majority agreement, the working group classified:

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HEALTH • Consumption of red meat as ‘probably carcinogenic to humans’. • Consumption of processed meat as ‘carcinogenic to humans’. Prof Hettie Schönfeldt recently released a statement around the issues related to this report: 1. The IARC, which released the report, represents the opinion of a select group of scientists, not based on consensus in the scientific community. 2. IARC conducts hazard analysis, not risk assessments. This distinction is important. It means they consider whether some meat at some level, under some circumstance, could be a hazard. 3. There is no evidence that removing meat from your diet protects you from cancer. In fact, a major long-term study by the Oxford University, UK (Key et al., 2014), has shown no difference in colorectal cancer rates between meat eaters and vegetarians. 4. Cancer is a multi-complex problem that cannot be solved or blamed on one specific product or food group. 5. The best way to minimise your cancer risk is to live a healthy lifestyle, including: • Not smoking • Maintaining a healthy weight • Enjoying regular physical activity • Accompanying red meat with plenty of vegetables and whole grains in your diet • If you do drink alcohol, drink responsibly. 6. None of the 22 scientists from the 10 countries that participated in the study represented developing countries. This is a shortcoming in relation to South Africa as a developing country with an emerging economy as the food cultures of people differs around the world. • The majority of South Africans consume mostly chicken, then beef, followed by pork, lamb or mutton and processed meat (BFAP, 2015). • On average South Africans eat notably less protein-source foods (11 to 18%) compared to recommended levels by the World Health Organisation (WHO), which states that 20% of total dietary energy should be from protein (Mchiza et al., 2015). • In contrast, food energy of South Africans is mainly derived from carbohydrates such as maize meal and bread (between 57% and 69%) (Mchiza et al., 2015), which is significantly higher than the recommended 45%.

• A nimal protein intake remains smaller than that recommended by the South African Food-Based Dietary Guidelines. South Africans consume approximately 4.2kg of processed meat per person per year, which equals less than a third of a Vienna sausage per day (12g processed meat per person per day) (SAMPA, 2015). 7. Red meat plays an important role in a healthy, balanced diet: • The SA food-based dietary guidelines state that chicken, fish, lean meat or eggs can be eaten daily. • Red meat contains high biological-value protein and important micronutrients such as B Vitamins, iron (both free iron and haem iron), and zinc. • South African red meat contains less fat than red meat in most first world countries, which is directly linked to consumer demand for leaner products.

Professor Hettie Schönfeldt PhD, R Nutr (UK) (ZA), Pr Sci Nat (Fd Sci) is a rated and registered scientist and mentor in the fields of human nutrition, biodiversity and food security. She is a Professor extraordinaire in the Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences and an Associate of the Institute of Food, Nutrition and Well-Being at the University of Pretoria. Under her guidance, 25 post graduate students have received their degrees, of which five were doctoral degrees. She has published more than 65 contributions in numerous international journals and books, 120 technical reports for industry, with more than 130 contributions to conferences.

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Photo credit: Hettie Schönfeldt

It is important to understand the purposes of the different substances used when raising animals. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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HEALTH

Treating itchy skin With mature skin, several conditions can cause varying degrees of itching – contact eczema, lichen planus, urticarial and dryness. Itching can also be caused by atopic dermatitis, a common form of dermatosis that affects children and adults, triggering uncomfortable, incapacitating itching sensations.

Xeracalm A.D Lipid-Replenishing Balm The ideal choice for moisturising an eczema-prone skin is XeraCalm A.D Lipid-Replenishing Balm. It reduces itching sensations, stimulates the skin’s defence systems, and restores the epidermal barrier. XeraCalm A.D Lipid-Replenishing Balm is formulated according to the Sterile Cosmetics Charter: fragrance-free, paraben-free, and created with actives chosen for their efficacy and innocuousness.

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Photo credit: Pierre Fabre Laboratories

ommon in infants and young children, atopic dermatitis is a condition with itchiness being the most irritating symptom – it disturbs children’s quality of life and disrupts their and their parents’ sleep. Calming the itchiness requires local antiinflammatory medication, specific dermo-cosmetic skincare and an alternative to scratching. To properly treat this condition, products must be able to restore not only skin comfort (relief from dryness, inflammation and itching) but also the skin’s innate immunity. This is the role of the active emollients. The new XeraCalm A.D range from leading French dermo-cosmetic brand, Eau Thermale Avène is the first range of emollient care dedicated to soothing itching sensations associated with atopic dermatitis. Key active ingredients and benefits of XeraCalm A.D include: • I-modulia®: A biotechnological innovation developed by Pierre Fabre Laboratories after 12 years of research. It reduces itching sensations because of dry skin, soothes redness/irritations because of skin hyper-reactivity, and it allows the skin to once again protect itself. • CER-OMEGA: Repairs/nourishes the skin and strengthens the protective hydrolipidic film • Avène Thermal Spring Water: Soothes, reduces sensations of discomfort, and softens the skin. The XeraCalm A.D range is specifically formulated for all moderately to severely dry skin for infants, children and adults: • Atopy-prone skin • Dry skin prone to irritations and itchiness • Naturally dry skin

How to use: • A pply once or twice a day to the dry areas of the face and/or body, after cleansing. • After use, remove all excess product and close bottle.

Xeracalm A.D Lipid-Replenishing Cleansing Oil XeraCalm A.D Lipid-Replenishing Cleansing Oil gently cleanses eczema-prone skin and can be used during flare-ups. The cleansing oil leaves skin soft, comfortable and silky smooth. It is soap and fragrance free, and does not sting the eyes. How to use: • In the shower, lather between wet hands and apply to the skin. • In the bath, pour the equivalent of five pumps into bathwater while filling the tub. • Rinse thoroughly and dry without rubbing, then apply XeraCalm A.D Lipid-Replenishing Balm. For more information, visit www.avene.co.za. Available at selected Clicks stores nationwide. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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HEALTH

Overcoming

postnatal depression Unlike mothers who experience strong emotions of love, joy and fulfilment at childbirth, a significant number of new moms suffer from baby blues that, in some cases, may persist and result in a more severe, long-lasting form of depression commonly known as postpartum or postnatal depression.

‘H

aving a baby, whether it’s your first child or not, is often a particularly stressful time for moms and their families. The hormonal changes that a woman’s body undergoes, as well as the physical discomfort from the birthing process, contribute to an emotional response that can feel very overwhelming. Having feelings of sadness, tearfulness, feeling down or irritable and mood swings shortly after birth affects up to 80% of new moms and is considered very normal as your body and lifestyle adjust to the new baby. These are termed the baby blues. However, when these feelings persist for longer than four to six weeks, a diagnosis of post-natal depression (PND) can be considered,’ explains Tamryn Coats, counselling

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psychologist and researcher at Akeso Specialised Psychiatric Clinics. She cautions that timeous treatment is most important. ‘PND is a very serious and concerning condition, for both mom and baby. Research suggests that the baby’s development in the first 1001 days from conception to approximately two years old is incredibly important in laying the foundation for attachment and how they will relate to others in their life ahead. A baby’s brain development is so rapid – neural pathways are established at a rate of one million connections per second between birth and 18 months. Therefore, mothers experiencing difficultly during this phase should get support immediately so

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HEALTH they are better able to facilitate the needs of their baby during this time.’

Symptoms According to Tamryn, PND has the same symptoms as a depressive episode – sadness, tearfulness, constant fatigue, lack of concentration and energy, feeling overwhelmed, loss of pleasure and interest, sleeping and eating difficulties, excessive worry, problems bonding with the baby, feelings of worthlessness, and even thoughts of suicide and harm. ‘A lot of moms go through the first year with some or all of these symptoms thinking that it’s normal to feel this way. Once you are better informed about what to look out for, you are in a better position to judge your own mental health. Sometimes friends and family members will pick up signs and symptoms that worry them and mention this to you, but often these are the feelings that people don’t talk about regarding childbirth and rearing, which contribute to the stifling sense of loneliness that moms who are going through PND experience,’ Tamryn points out. She dismisses the perpetuated idea in society that all women have a strong maternal instinct that immediately bonds them with their babies, and that moms who don’t experience this are non-maternal, lacking in femininity or are simply bad mothers. ‘This is not true and a very harmful stereotype for motherhood. Mothers with postnatal depression struggle to feel attached or bonded with their babies and then experience the added societal burden of feeling guilty for having those feelings or thoughts. Several mothers may go on to resent their babies, feeling frustrated and blaming their baby for the emotional difficulty they are experiencing. With the necessary professional help, these feelings can be overcome.’

Time span According to Tamryn, PND is generally limited to being diagnosed within the first year after childbirth. ‘It’s important to know that many mothers can also be diagnosed with antenatal depression, which is depression prior to the birth of the child, often diagnosed in the third trimester. Equally important for mothers to understand is that postnatal depression can affect them with the birth of a second or third child, even if they didn’t experience any symptoms with earlier children.’

Statistics ‘International statistics suggest that approximately 13% of moms will suffer from PND. Within middle to low income countries that statistic increases,’ Tamryn notes. ‘Research from the Perinatal Mental Health Project in the Western Cape suggests PND is quite high in South Africa, with levels reaching between 30 and 50% in specific populations within the country. ‘Contributing factors include social stressors such as unemployment, domestic violence, low social support systems, unplanned or unwanted pregnancies, pregnancy during adolescence, single

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parenting, stressful lifestyles, experiencing a traumatic birthing process, previous episodes of depression, or a history of anxiety disorders or substance abuse,’ Tamryn explains. ‘Interestingly, career-driven women and those who hold high-powered positions may struggle more with the adjustment of a baby, resulting in feelings of “being out of control”, which then resonate for the mother as a sense of failure. Furthermore, mothers who approach child birth with a sense of denial regarding the life style changes that are bound to occur, will also struggle more with the adjustment post- delivery. ‘However, it’s also important to note that PND is not limited only to mothers: very often it can affect fathers too. The statistics in South Africa for paternal PND are not known, but international statistics suggest PND affects approximately 5% to 10% of fathers. The most significant determinant of paternal postnatal depression is having a depressed partner. Research suggests that fathers whose partners are depressed are two-and-a-half times more at risk for developing depression themselves.’ (Ref: NHCM Foundation Issue brief, June 2010)

Treatment ‘Three treatment modalities are available – psychotherapy, medication and individual or group support,’ says Dr Feroza Arbee, a psychiatrist at Akeso Psychiatric Clinic (Parktown). ‘Depending on the severity of PND, treatment will most likely be a combination of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. Medication that has been medically approved for breastfeeding mothers is normally prescribed by the attending psychiatrist. While an anti-depressant or anxiolytic takes a few weeks to have full effect, a difference should be felt within a few days,’ she adds. ‘The doctor may also prescribe a short-term medication that helps with sleep and episodic anxiety. Generally, just seeking help and having someone supportive to listen to you makes most women feel better, even after their first consultation,’ Dr Arbee advises. Tamryn agrees but cautions that a mother who considers hurting herself or her baby should immediately contact an emergency help line such as Akeso’s Psychiatric Intervention Unit with emergency response vehicles and phone counselling on 0861 435 787. She reiterates: ‘Suffering from PND does not mean you are a bad mother; it just means you need help from a professional health practitioner.’

Akeso Clinics is a group of private in-patient psychiatric clinics that provides individual, integrated and family-oriented treatment for a range of psychiatric, psychological and addictive conditions. Akeso Clinics offer specialised inpatient treatment facilities. For more information, visit www.akeso.co.za. In the event of a psychological crisis, please call 0861 435787 for assistance.

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ADVERTORIAL

Exclusive maternity care

Photo credit: Sizwe

programme for Moms-to-be While the imminent arrival of your baby is a time of great excitement, it can also be daunting. Sizwe constantly explores ways of going the extra mile by adding value to its medical aid offering.

izwe has announced the launch of Sizwe Baby, a comprehensive Maternity Care Programme designed to offer Sizwe Moms-to-be the best in healthcare, benefits and advice. This programme provides access to comprehensive support, both during and after the baby’s birth.

Professional Support The Sizwe Baby Maternity Care Programme lists exactly what benefits Moms-to-be have access to and how often they should book doctors’ appointments. It also details what’s covered in terms of healthcare practitioners. Sizwe Baby offers unlimited pre- and postnatal telephonic support via a dedicated helpline – which also extends to issues relating to miscarriages and pregnancy terminations. Our experienced midwives regularly make personal outbound calls to Moms-to-be, reinforcing the connection with Sizwe members, and assisting with risk identification and pertinent pregnancy information. Should the need arise, a midwife will refer the member to professionals, such as chronic disease experts or psychologists.

Regular communication All Sizwe Moms-to-be receive a copy of the Sizwe Baby Maternity Manual filled with parenting tips, practical hints and sound advice about important issues. An informative newsletter is also issued per pregnancy trimester, highlighting changes Mom and baby will experience during that trimester.

Resources, gifts and discounts The smartphone and tablet-friendly Sizwe Baby website is a vital online tool that provides information on all baby and maternity matters. For members without online access, the website can be viewed at the Sizwe Baby Care Centre. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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Sizwe members also have access to the Sizwe Online Shopping Mall that offers exclusive discounts and specials on baby and maternity goods. The Sizwe Maternity Bag is a high-quality, durable gift that’s presented during the member’s final trimester. It includes a branded babygro, a magazine, toiletries and a pack of new-born nappies.

Benefits to Sizwe Medical Fund members Sizwe Baby Maternity Care Programme consistently educates Sizwe Moms-to-be about their own health and wellness, and that of their baby’s. Specially trained nurses and midwives manage the Care Centre, ensuring members have access to professionals at every step of the way. Support is available to members for 12 months after registration, helping Moms through the testing early days while coping with feeding and caring for a new baby.

Benefits to Sizwe Medical Fund corporate clients Sizwe corporate clients also stand to gain through: • Focused, hands-on control of the Sizwe members’ pregnancy results in early risk assessment of each pregnancy. This may translate into less absenteeism during the pregnancy and a happier more relaxed Mom-to-be. • A perception by staff members that their company really cares for them by choosing a medical aid scheme that offers this value-add for members, and may result in a happier, more content employee in the nine months leading up to her giving birth. • Ultimately, a reduction in Sizwe members’ risk profile, ensuring competitive pricing on various Sizwe Medical Fund healthcare offerings. For more information, visit www.sizwe.co.za or call 0860 100 871.

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HEALTH

10 Reasons

Vitamin C

to up your

intake this winter

We all know about the incredible protective power of Vitamin C, but do you know why and how it works, or how much of it is enough? Worldrenowned nutritional expert, Patrick Holford, provides insight into how this super-nutrient works and why you should up your intake this winter.

‘T

hink of your immune system as your own personal medical team, skilled in the art of healing, always on call, and always there to take preventive measures to avert a crisis. Whether you are trying to prevent or cure an illness, your immune system is your main line of defence,’ says Holford. ‘The functioning of the immune system is dependent on specific nutrients – most importantly, Vitamin C. Our production of natural antibiotics and complement proteins, and the ability of our cells to carry out, engulf and digest invaders are all dependent on Vitamin C,’ he adds. ‘Supplementing up to 2 000mg (for most people on most days) more than doubles blood plasma levels compared to RDA levels. Even though the excess is finally excreted, rather than being a waste, this actually protects the bladder and urinary tract,’ he points out. 10 reasons to up your Vitamin C intake: 1. The immune system depends on having healthy immune cells (lymphocytes and leucocytes) and the associated molecules such as antibodies. Vitamin C is essential for both. 2. Vitamin C is strongly anti-viral. Many viruses, such as flu and the common cold, do not necessarily enter the bloodstream but rather spread in the mucous on the respiratory tract membranes. Consequently, there is very little antibody stimulation and the job of the defence falls to cell-mediated T-lymphocytes (white blood cells responsible for detecting foreign or abnormal cells). The Vitamin C level of T-cells are depleted by smoking, age and infection. Supplementation of Vitamin C in these cases increases the ability of www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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the T-cells to do their job and reduce symptoms. 3. Apart from stimulating natural antibacterial factors in the body, Vitamin C will actually improve the performance of antibodies. 4. Vitamin C can be bacteriostatic or bactericidal (in other words, it can hinder the growth of bacteria or kill them, depending on the bug). 5. Vitamin C detoxifies, to varying degrees, many bacterial toxins. It is often the toxin that causes all or some of the unpleasant symptoms we feel during a cold or flu infection. 6. Of all antioxidant nutrients, the two most important for the skin are Vitamins A and C. Vitamin C makes collagen, a substance that is a bit like glue, holding your cells together. When you lack Vitamin C, your skin loses its tone and wrinkles develop. 7. Vitamin C stimulates non-lysozyme anti-bacterial factor (NLAF) found in tears. This is of particular importance for people who often suffer from eye infections. 8. Vitamin C also helps sore eyes and a runny nose, as it is a natural anti-histamine. 9. Numerous studies have shown Vitamin C to be associated with improved bone density, as well as helping the absorption of iron, giving us good reason to increase our intake as we get older. 10. Vitamin C increases resistance to stress, lessens allergic reactions, helps arthritic conditions, slows down the ageing process and improves energy production. For further information, visit www.holforddirect.co.za.

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HEALTH

A leading cause of obesity and impaired learning The high intake of sugary cool drinks is a major concern relating to the prevalence of obesity. The SA Rooibos Council suggest Rooibos tea as a healthy alternative.

A’s recently released National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES) refers to the poor state of children’s school lunches in the country. Of particular concern is the high intake of sugary cool drinks – about two in three learners buy sugary drinks at least twice a week, with each soft drink containing up to 55g of sugar. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO) that is 40g more sugar than the recommended maximum daily limit for children. According to nutritional experts, sugary beverages are loaded with empty calories and provide little or no essential nutrients, and are linked to weight gain, poor health and tooth decay in children. Nutritionists recommend water or herbal teas as a healthier alternative to fizzy drinks or sugar-filled fruit juices, with Rooibos tea topping the list. Ernest du Toit, spokesperson of the SA Rooibos Council, says Rooibos is as effective as water for hydrating the body and has additional health properties that water doesn’t have. ‘Rooibos is affordable, tasty and amazingly beneficial for children. It is rich in antioxidants that help to protect healthy cells from damage caused by free radicals, and can reduce the risk of a variety of diseases including cardiovascular disease and some cancers. Rooibos also prevents DNA damage, inflammation and is helpful in combating diabetes. ‘Added to this, Rooibos contains no caffeine, fats or carbohydrates, is a natural immune-booster and relieves allergy symptoms that are common in children,’ remarks Ernest. Sugary drinks have also been found to have an adverse effect on children’s brains. A study conducted by the University of California revealed that consuming excessive quantities of sugarsweetened drinks can have a major impact on children’s brain function and impair their ability to concentrate and learn at school. In contrast, Rooibos tea keeps your child’s mind sharp because it shields the brain from stress and it protects against a process known as lipid peridoxation (where free radicals damage brain cells and nerve tissues). www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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Ernest adds that Rooibos is also incredibly nutrientrich. ‘It is rich in Vitamin C, calcium, manganese and fluoride, helping to build strong bones and teeth, and is safe to consume without limit.’ To help parents pack refreshments that will make the grade, the SA Rooibos Council offers the following Rooibos iced tea recipe that will have children asking for more.

Rooibos iced tea One litre of Rooibos tea, using four to six teabags: Sweeten the tea with honey to taste and leave it in the fridge to cool overnight. Experiment with this basic iced tea by adding mint, lemon, orange, granadilla, mango or apple, or a combination of flavours until you find one that your children love. You can even get them involved in mixing their own flavours. For more information, visit www.sarooibos.org.za.

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EDUCATION

Helping ‘take-charge’ and sensitive

children

find a balance

In this article, Danielle Forsyth, educational psychologist, Trinityhouse Heritage Hill, provides advice about how to assist your ‘take-charge child’ and how to encourage more sensitive children.

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EDUCATION

aking friends is no easy task. It takes a lot of growing confidence and a positive self-image to crack the code of successful and happy friendships. As children go through their pre-primary years it is often a struggle to gain acceptance from peers, and not be the isolated child roaming the playground. Children often seek control over their lives and worry about having their needs met. Often the behaviours they display in this regard may make them come across as a bit of a tyrant. They have big ideas running through their minds and they want things to be done exactly right. They tend to be egocentric and want others to play the way they want to play, and struggle to take no for an answer. If this is your child, take note, as it may quite possibly lead to bigger problems in the long run if not nurtured appropriately. As adults we tend to be bossy, too, but recognise when things are not working out and instead formulate new action plans. Children, on the other hand, find it difficult to move beyond their own immediate needs. For some, bossiness is momentary, while others have a naturally dominant personality that could lead to more consistent bossy behaviour. Tell-tale signs of a ‘bossy’ kid include: Telling other kids that they do things wrong, having difficulty waiting for a turn (more often than not), disagreeing with rules (and/or often creating new rules), focusing on winning, and interrupting often. Those children with a more dominant personality will also try to gain some control, test one’s limit, be attention seeking, and copy the behaviour of other children or an adult. Parents and other adults can be important teachers as children learn how to get along with their friends. They need your help to understand what works and what doesn’t. And, most importantly, they need your encouragement as they build strong friendships. Here are some key tips to help tone down a bossyboots: Satisfy the need to be in charge: Look for opportunities where your child can have power to make decisions or take control. Provide choices when it comes to food, chores, dressing, play and other daily activities. Model how to give directions: Often our kids simply repeat the behaviours they learn from watching us. Stop and take a look at how you ask your spouse and your kids to do things. Modelling our own requests in a positive, calm manner can make a big difference in how our kids talk to their siblings and peers. Practice mutual respect, apologise when you make a mistake, and keep your voice firm but calm when correcting behaviours. And avoid humiliation when correcting bossy behaviour in a group setting by rather taking your child aside and pointing out specifics, followed by examples of more appropriate ways to handle the situation. Role play: Look for as many situations as possible to take advantage of modelling, turn-taking and asking permission to do things with other people, rather than being bossy. Get your children to use their active imaginations in role play using puppets and stuffed toys to work through issues such as negotiation, speaking out about feelings, and finding alternative

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positive ways of how heated situations may be better handled. You could also do a role reversal – allow your child to be you for fifteen minutes. She gets to make and enforce the rules, choose the meals, and run the show. Watch out – it will probably be fairly eye opening! Say yes whenever possible: No one likes to constantly be told ‘no’ and, let’s face it, preschoolers make unreasonable requests all day long and get told ‘no’ regularly. This is often deflating. Rather look for opportunities to say yes to your child whenever possible, so that she feels like her personal wants and needs are being met. Play board games: Most bossy kids have the need to win. Board games are a wonderful opportunity to nonchalantly enforce turn-taking and playing by a set of rules. It’s also a good moment to reinforce that the joy can be in the game itself, rather than the outcome. Be excited about the game and how much fun it is enjoying the time you are spending together, not about who is winning or losing. This will help plant the seed that it’s not about winning, it’s about interacting and enjoying an experience together. Even with it being quite frustrating, always make yourself available, aware and ready to jump in when your child needs help with behaviours that are bossy and how to change them. Bossiness can’t be cured overnight, but the sooner you start the sooner your child will learn to play and be fair towards others.

Encouraging sensitive children Now that we know how to assist a bossy child, let’s look at how to encourage a sensitive child to stand up to Miss Bossy Boots. Having been a teacher in the Foundation Phase I often came across sensitive learners being taken advantage of and suddenly I realised that teaching and encouraging parents to teach their children to stand up for themselves was far more important than encouraging an easy-going personality. You can’t change a child’s inherent nature, but you can help kids stick up for their rights, with confidence. Being assertive helps in virtually every relationship at school, at home and on the playground. In the classroom, it puts a child at an advantage because she’s comfortable commanding the teacher’s attention, raising her hand if she knows the answer, and asking for extra help if she is lost. She will also have an easier time making friends, since she won’t hesitate to say, ‘Hey, can I play too?’ Of course, there’s a vast difference between being assertive and being aggressive. Assertiveness is letting people know your wants and needs, aggressiveness is imposing those wants and needs on others. An aggressive child will try to manhandle a playmate out of her ‘cozy coupe’, an assertive one child will say, ‘I’d like a turn when you’re done.’ Experts believe that assertiveness is, in part, inherited. And we all know from our own experience that some children are simply born comfortable with saying what they want; others are inherently more shy or passive. And you don’t want to override natural tendencies by strong-arming a timid

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EDUCATION youngster into trying out for the lead in a play – this could have the opposite effect and will make her miserable. But there are ways to nurture the nugget of assertiveness in any child without pushing too hard, or to help a retiring one see that being just a touch pushier can be useful. Basically, anything that promotes a healthy sense of self-esteem helps promote assertiveness. If a child feels good about who she is and what she has to say, she’ll be more likely to assert herself. To start the engine chugging: • Indulge your child, but also discipline appropriately Indulge your child with the odd cuddle. This will give her a sense of safety and security – a crucial component of confidence. It is important to also lay down rules by criticising the behaviour displayed rather than your child as a more esteem affirming way of discipline. In this way, you avoid belittling your child, thus preventing her from feeling bad about herself and instead encouraging assertiveness. • Be consistent If you tell your child she can’t jump on the furniture, don’t let her do it on Friday nights just because you’re tired after a long week. If the rules are constantly changing, she won’t know what’s expected of her. And that makes it harder for her to be assertive. • Explain your command (briefly) Saying, ‘you have to go to bed so you won’t be tired for camp’, is preferable to ‘because I said so’. This helps your child distinguish right from wrong, rather than perceive rules as arbitrary. • Teach shy kids how to speak up If your child is always getting gypped out of her turn on the playground or having her toys snatched away at school, she may not realise you think it is okay to stand up for herself or she may not know how to do it politely. Children don’t always realise there’s a middle ground between giving in and being pushy right back. Explain that it’s fine for her to demand her fair share, and then give her specific suggestions on how she could handle similar situations that come up in the future. Modelling the right behaviour can help any child learn to deal with a bossy friend or peer. • Discourage peer worship Some children shy away from asserting their true selves because they want to fit in or to emulate a cherished pal. Often they want to order the same foods as their friends or wear the same clothes. Instead, encourage your child towards making choices of her own even if the friend may not like it. It is important for her to then hear that no one would like her any more or less if she disagreed with them. In fact, it makes life more interesting. Reminding her over a few occasions will help her eventually realise that her friend will not leave her and she will stop being a follower. Also prepare her for the possibility that her playmate might reject her, and explain that a friend who doesn’t respect other people’s opinions isn’t worth having.

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• All in good time Don’t be worried if your child’s shyness persists. Maybe she’s just not ready to assert herself. Many reticent kids grow into strong-minded teens. • Let her call the shots, sometimes If you’re always telling your child exactly what to do and when to do it, she won’t learn how to take the initiative. So instead encourage her to decide for herself what activities she’d most like to do. That way she feels listened to, and experiences the control over having her needs met. • Making good choices Part of being assertive is having confidence in your ability to make good choices. So give your child room to make mistakes so that she can learn ways to correct herself. This isn’t to say that you have to go along with your child every time she decides to do something, just that you shouldn’t ignore or negate her feelings. If you acknowledge your child’s feelings, she’ll be more comfortable airing them in the future. • Practice, practice Once you’ve laid the groundwork for assertiveness, encourage your kids to practice in the real world. A good example is to encourage your child to order for themselves in restaurants, learning that though the waitress is there to serve them, they still need to be polite and say please and thank you. The goal is to teach your kids to make their needs known in a polite, non-confrontational way. Children also learn by example, so when you stand up for yourself when returning damaged merchandise, or stop someone from cutting ahead in line, try to be as friendly, forthright and matter-of-fact about it as possible. • Encourage kids to think for themselves Once your child is old enough to have a conversation, encourage her to speak her mind-even if you disagree with her. That means, for example, that you can’t get annoyed with your daughter for disliking your best friend’s son. If she is shot down every time she has an opinion that differs from your opinions as parents, she’ll shy away from asserting herself. However, do insist that she treat your friend’s son cordially. The dinner table is a great place to promote independent thinking. Ask a three- or four-year-old what her favourite colour is, and why. Ask a schoolage child who the best netball player or swimmer is, what she’d do with a million rand, or why there’s so much pollution even though almost everyone thinks polluting is bad. Posing open-ended or provocative questions shows a child there isn’t necessarily one right answer in life. And, by teaching her, she can arrive at her right answer that will help her trust her own opinions. Plus, she’ll get practice verbalising her position and listening to the other side of the argument. Being able to stand up for what you believe in without alienating others is the ultimate badge of assertiveness. Good luck and happy friend making! ADvTECH Schools Division, www.advtech.co.za.

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EDUCATION

Breaking tragic news

to little children

By Susan Gregor-Harlen, Teacher at Trinityhouse Pre-Primary Randpark Ridge

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EDUCATION Every event that is considered tragic has to be dealt with as its own individual event, so the way one would break the news of a death of a loved one would be different to the way one would break the news of a divorce. However, there are some things one must consider when breaking sad news to children…

ur greatest wish is to protect our children from anything that will cause them pain, be it physically or emotionally. But in reality, tragic things happen. That is life and unfortunately there is just no getting around it – it’s going to be hard. However, there is a way we can be there for our children when this does enter their lives.

The child’s age We may believe that the younger children are, the less aware they are of tragic events. Small children are extremely perceptive to their environments and have a very good sense if something is not right. So, I would say that from the age of two, information needs to be explained. The difference would be how the news is broken to them. To a two-year-old, the news of a grandparent’s death could be explained as, ‘Grandad has died because he was very old, his body was tired and he’s gone to Heaven. This is sad because it means we aren’t going to be able to see him anymore.’ Be very factual and only give minimal detail. As they grow older, slightly more detail can be given. Please don’t ever share any gruesome or violent information, as a child’s imagination would take these details and create a picture in their minds that we have no control over. Knowing your child as an individual will help – some can be very sensitive, others more resilient. Children will always have questions. Answer them as factually and as unemotionally as possible – giving just enough information that they feel their question has been answered satisfactorily. Perhaps their questions don’t even relate to what you have shared. Answer questions whether you find them relevant or not. It is their way of making sense and processing what they have been told, heard, seen or felt going on around them. One should also try to show that as sad as some news is, there is always something good

Children don’t react to the news but rather to our emotional state.

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Try to show that as sad as some news is, there is always something good that can come out of it.

that can come out of it (this gives children a sense of hope).

Our emotional state when telling the news When news is broken to children they don’t react to the news but rather to our emotional state. So, wherever possible, try to be in a resourceful state. Children will ‘read’ your body-language, and hear the difference in the tone of voice, for example. If you are crying uncontrollably when telling them the news, they will start crying too. If you are too emotional to break the news, ask someone else they are close to, to share it. They do also need to see you express your feelings though, so explain to them how you’re feeling and let them see you recover.

Be aware of them afterwards In the days, weeks and months that follow the telling of ‘tragic’ news, you need to be very aware of your children. While they may not be able to express their feelings verbally, you may note that they suddenly become more tearful than usual. They may call for you more at night, or become angry over the slightest things. When you see this happen, be there for them. Give them more hugs than normal, go to them at night and don’t get angry with them as they are looking for reassurance and security. Name the emotion they are displaying: ‘I see you are angry, that’s okay, but it’s not okay to hurt someone else when we are angry.’ Encourage them to express how they feel. Be open to the fact that they may need outside therapy, and that’s also okay. With love, reassurance and guidance remember, ‘this too shall pass’. ADvTECH Schools Division, www.advtech.co.za.

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EDUCATION

Photo credit: Clint Ralph

Creating a good self-esteem with your

preschooler By Lynn van Jaarsveld, Principal of Trinityhouse Pre-Primary Little Falls

Healthy self-esteem is like a child’s armour against the challenges of the world. In the early years a child is still developing ideas about himself, which are largely based on his interactions with others. These opinions that a child has about himself, form his self-esteem.

ere are some guidelines to help your child build a positive self-esteem: • Make rules that are reasonable • Praise accomplishment, rather than ignore and punish • Remember the value of positive statements • Be neither over-protective nor under-protective • Help your child to deal with failure in a constructive manner • Show your child that you love him • Affirm your child’s worth • Spend time, plenty of time, with your child • Pray with your child • Encourage independence

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• Teach your child responsibility • Never make comparisons between children • Don’t expect perfection • Most importantly of all, have fun with your preschooler. Children who know their strengths and weaknesses and feel good about themselves seem to have an easier time handling conflicts and resisting negative pressures. They tend to smile more readily and enjoy life. These kids are realistic and generally optimistic. Taking responsibility and pride in who you are as parents is a sure sign of healthy self-esteem and the greatest gift you can give to your child. ADvTECH Schools Division, www.advtech.co.za. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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EDUCATION

The Importance of saying

‘I love you’ By Billie-Jean Shaw, Grade 00 Teacher at Trinityhouse Pre-Primary Little Falls

What is the value in the three little words ‘I love you’? How does hearing this affect our children when not heard, is it possible to say it too often, and if not said enough what will happen?

uring the first two years, a baby’s brain grows at a rapid rate. It is during this time that a baby develops patterns of associations, which are like mental notes of the way things work. The developing infant’s mind stores and files each interaction she has. In each file is a mental picture of a cue she gives along with the response she expects. After a certain interaction, the baby stores a mental picture of what happened. For example, a baby raises her arms and a parent responds by picking her up. Repetition

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EDUCATION deepens these patterns in the infant’s mind, and eventually emotions, positive or negative, become associated with them. Positive feelings and images lead to a sense of rightness, giving the child a sense of security and safety. Scientists and social workers have long studied the phenomenon, failure to thrive, trying to understand why newborn babies who have had their basic needs met, fail to grow and achieve their developmental milestones. Young infants not only need to be fed, changed, and kept warm but also need to experience love through physical touch. In some cases, babies who have not experienced human touch may even die. Hugging and comforting infants reassures them that they are

Hugging and comforting infants reassures them that they are important and is key in communicating that they are loved.

important and is key in communicating that they are loved. Forming a strong bond during the early years of a child’s life allows that child to feel secure and wanted. Talking and singing to your little one gives her the opportunity to develop an understanding of tone and intent and once again reassures her that she is loved. Providing a child with lots of opportunity to feel secure and loved builds self-worth and, in turn, self-esteem. Every action performed for our children is out of love for them. The fact that we love our children is not in question, but how often do we verbalise our love for them? Growing up I never had to want for anything. I came from a household where love was not in question but the words were never said. Did it affect me negatively? No, but as a result I tell my children daily that I love them. Robert Holden, a psychologist and author puts it quite nicely by asking some simple but profound questions about parenting. He states that as parents we need to look for inventive ways to express our love for our children on a daily basis. Expressing love leads to positive self image, develops confidence and ensures that our children grow up happy. Love is a special and strong emotion. When received and returned it can change people’s lives. Here are some of the benefits of expressing love: • It builds trust • It develops courage • It expresses that they are special • It allows them to make mistakes • It takes away fear • It builds confidence • It develops self-esteem • It provides a model to build their own loving relationships. Looking at all the positive impacts love has on our children and how negatively it could affect them if not experienced, why would any of us take the risk of not expressing such a wonderful emotion on a daily basis? Look at your children and ask yourself a question: ‘Is my child smiling and if not, what am I doing wrong?’ I challenge you to take the time each day to show your children how much they mean to you. I know I will. ADvTECH Schools Division, www.advtech.co.za. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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EDUCATION

Music now,

skills for life

Kindermusik is an established community of educators who are passionately committed to bringing the power of music to children and their families around the world.

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Photo credit: Kindermusik

ince 1978, Kindermusikâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s research-based musicand-movement curricula have enhanced the lives of millions of children through the universal language of music. It supports whole-child development and provides the early foundations of future school success. Some Kindermusik classes take place in a private Kindermusik studio, others in an early childhood learning centre. However, no matter where the music plays, Kindermusik helps develop critical earlylearning skills, nurtures the whole child, and offers hours of irresistibly engaging music-and-movement fun for babies, toddlers, pre-schoolers, and their families. With so many things to do with children, why not make it fun and educational? At Kindermusik, our passion is children and music, so we put the two together! The result is a music and movement programme for children from birth to seven years old. Kindermusik educators around the globe know how to help your child learn and grow through music. Our research-based and proven approach helps children develop early literacy, math, social-emotional skills, music appreciation, and laughter appreciation. Psychologists, neuroscientists and experts in early childhood development have demonstrated that music does more for children than bring them joy; it helps their brain cells make the connections needed for virtually every kind of intelligence. The bedrock of Kindermusikâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s curriculum is based on research that reveals that children consistently engaged by music in an age-appropriate, sociallyaccepting environment, benefit on many levels:

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Photo credit: Kindermusik

EDUCATION

• Reading – They gain the phonological processing, spoken language, and comprehension skills that are the foundation of reading. • Quantitative – They build the spatial-temporal and reasoning skills required for maths, science, and engineering. • Social – They develop social and emotional skills that are essential for school readiness, such as the ability to regulate their responses and relate to others in complex ways. • Physical – By moving and dancing to music and playing simple instruments, children improve their gross and fine motor skills. • Creative – Activities that encourage freedom within a fun and friendly structure spark their creativity. • And, of course, they develop a lifelong love of music! Our Kindermusik@School music-and-movement programmes are designed to work in virtually any school-based, home-based, or childcare setting. Our research-driven curricula are childcentred, developmentally appropriate, and easy to implement. Kindermusik solutions are the ideal complement to pre-K and kindergarten programmes in public schools, private schools, and childcare centres. Additionally, user-friendly materials present an easy to integrate and fun way to introduce the many developmental benefits of music and movement into any early childhood education. Find the Kindermusik solution that works best for you. Every day is a new beginning, a chance to help your child develop to his or her highest potential and build a strong foundation for learning. Your child’s journey to success begins here. Experience a Kindermusik class with your child. See why Kindermusik is the world’s leading music-andmovement programme for children from birth to age seven. Visit our website www.kindermusik.co.za, email info@kindermusik.co.za or phone 018 468 5143 to find an educator in your area. Interested in becoming a Kindermusik Licensed Educator? Apply by email to info@kindermusik.co.za. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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Armour for life These are my number ones. The blazer and tie I wear each day at Michaelhouse. To you they might seem like simple clothing and adornment. But they are much more than that. Though they are light, they carry weight. The weight of integrity. The weight of humility, compassion, courage and understanding. They are my identity and armour. They give me the courage to learn, to discover and to embrace the opportunities that life will present to me. And when I leave my school, I will continue to wear them inside of me. My number ones might appear as a simple blazer and tie – but they are the makings of a man.

Registrations for Gr8, 2018 are now open. Please contact info@michaelhouse.org for more about open days, information evenings in your area and applications for scholarships and financial assistance.

Boys today. Men of principle tomorrow.

Balgowan · KwaZulu-Natal · 3275 · South Africa Telephone +27 33 234 1153 · Facsimile +27 33 234 4611 info@michaelhouse.org · www.michaelhouse.org

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EDUCATION

Don’t leave

subject

choice decisions to the last minute

For Grade Nine students, subject choice decisions are too important to shelve until the time comes. These should already be top of mind for learners who want to give themselves the best chance for success in Grade 12 and beyond.

‘T

owards the end of the year, Grade Nine students will select the subjects they will take in their last three years of school and be tested on during the National Senior Certificate Exams in 2019,’ notes Nola Payne, Head of Faculty: Information and Communications Technology at The Independent Institute of Education. ‘It is an exceptionally hard choice to make, and many factors need to be taken into consideration,’ she says, adding that

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these choices will have a profound impact on the qualifications to which learners will have access and, as a result, the careers they will be able to follow. ‘Choosing subjects should not be based on a gut feel or a knee-jerk reaction towards easier subjects. They must be chosen very carefully and only after proper research about the implications of choosing certain subjects and not others. The best way to go about making subject choices is to begin considering

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EDUCATION one’s options and refining them during the coming months. ‘This is one of the first opportunities learners of this age will have to practice strategic decision-making that will have a major impact on their lives. It should be looked at as an exciting first step into their future as adults, and also a valuable learning tool.’ Nola suggests that the process can be made much less intimidating by sticking to the following guidelines:

Already know what you want to study? Then acquaint yourself with the entrance requirements If you are clear about what you want to do, check the websites of both public and private higher education institutions to verify their requirements, and let that guide your subject choices. Very importantly, look at a range of different institutions and courses within your field to allow yourself some choice and a Plan B after matric.

Don’t know what to study? Then leave as many options available as possible Those who are not yet sure about their future direction should choose subject combinations that will leave them with options and room to manoeuvre later, including Maths and Science. Learners who struggle with precisely these subjects should consider keeping only one of them to focus their efforts. ‘Maths Literacy should only be considered as a last resort,’ Nola maintains.

qualifications, which are normally vocationally or career focused, could give you access straight to the world of work and even degree study if you want to do it later. There are also options in public and private FET Colleges, or you may even be entrepreneurial and want to start your own business. ‘The key to making the best subject choices for your future is to ensure you do your research thoroughly, and at a comfortable pace so you don’t have to rush the decision. Don’t leave it until the end of the year when you might be tempted to just tick the same boxes your friends are ticking and, in the process, set yourself up for frustration and disappointment,’ Nola concludes. For more information, visit www.theworldofwork. co.za or www.iie.ac.za.

Nola Payne is the Head of Faculty: Information and Communications Technology at The Independent Institute of Education (IIE) – the largest, most accredited registered private higher education institute in South Africa. With a history dating back to 1909, The IIE and its brands – Rosebank College, Varsity College, Design School Southern Africa (DSSA) and Vega – are widely recognised and respected for producing workplace-ready graduates, many of whom become industry-leaders in their chosen fields. The IIE offers an array of qualifications from post-graduate degrees to short courses on 20 registered higher-education campuses across South Africa.

Consider what makes you happy As you spend time at your desk every day, going from class to class, and completing your homework, be alert to which subjects make you come alive a little more than others. Determine which subjects mirror your interests and career dreams, and include them. Also carefully research how your favourite subjects manifest in the working world, as you may potentially have more – and more interesting – options than you are currently aware of.

Photo credit: Independent Institute of Education

Consider what you’re good at Choose at least two subjects in which you can do really well. Admission to higher education is performance based, so it makes sense to do very well in some subjects rather than badly in all of them because you chose only gateway subjects.

Don’t sell yourself short You may think you won’t stand a chance of getting sufficient grades to enter higher education post matric. But remember that the South African National Senior Certificate has four levels of pass. While one of them is the degree pass, you could also qualify for diploma or higher certificate study. These two

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KICKS FOR KIDS

babys beyond and

Birthday cake It is believed that the first simple birthday cake was made in Germany in the Middle Ages. By the 17th century birthday cakes became more elaborate with icing, layers and decorations. These cakes were expensive but now, birthday cakes are common to most Western birthday celebrations.

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KICKS FOR KIDS

puzzle

Crossword

a Use the pictures to help you find the names of the items in this crossword.

Join the

dots

b Draw a line from dot number 1 to dot number 2, then from dot number 2 to dot number 3, and so on. Keep going until youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve joined all the dots, and then colour in the picture.

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Help the hungry rabbit find his carrot.

Find

the route

KICKS FOR KIDS

Spot the differences Can you find the 10 differences between these two pictures?

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Grab some grub

Lamb or Venison Potjie with Baby Onions Serves 4 to 5 Don’t be tempted to leave the anchovies out, they are the ‘secret ingredient’. The potjie can be done over open coals, on the weber, or in the oven. We used a No. 10 flat-bottomed pot.

Lamb shanks cooked to perfection before adding the onions.

4 Lamb shanks (about 1½ kg) or 3 springbok shanks and 1 lamb shank 3T (45ml) Canola oil 1T (15ml) Ina Paarman’s Meat Spice 1 Large onion, chopped ½t (2,5ml) Ina Paarman’s Green Onion Seasoning 2 Large carrots, cut into rings 50g tin Anchovy fillets 400g tin Chopped tomatoes 1 x 125g Ina Paarman’s Tomato Pesto 2 cups (500ml) Water 2 x 25g Ina Paarman’s Liquid Beef Stock

Baby Onions

700g-1kg Baby (pearl) onions, peeled but kept whole ½ cup (125ml) Water ¼ cup (60ml) Brown sugar 1t (5ml) Ina Paarman’s Green Onion Seasoning ¼ cup (60ml) Ina Paarman’s Classic Balsamic Vinaigrette

Rosemary Gremolata

3T (45ml) Fresh rosemary needles, chopped 4 Cloves of garlic, crushed Grated rind of 1 lemon

Method

Brown the shank pieces in the canola oil. Remove to a plate and season with Meat Spice. Brown the onion, pre-seasoned with Green Onion Seasoning in the remaining oil, add the carrots. Add the anchovies and all their oil to the vegetables and stir-fry for 2 to 3 minutes. Add chopped tomatoes and Tomato Pesto. Stir through. Add water and Liquid Beef Stock. Return meat to pot. Place the lid on the pot and heap some coals onto the lid. Cook on a very slow fire for about 2 to 3 hours. Make sure you keep heaping coals on the lid if cooking on an open fire, otherwise keep the lid of the Weber tightly closed. Can also be cooked in a casserole dish in the oven at 150°C for 2½ hours. In a large frying pan with a lid, steam cook the peeled onions in the water until just tender. Add the sugar, Green Onion Seasoning and Balsamic

Above: Rolling onions in the pan with glaze ingredients. Above right: Meat topped with onions and gremolata.

Vinaigrette. Remove the lid and shake the pan over high heat to roll and caramelise the onions. Add the caramelised onions to the potjie. Taste for seasoning and top with Rosemary Gremolata. Prepare the rosemary gremolata by chopping and mixing all the ingredients together. Sprinkle over the meat. Serve with polenta and fresh mielies to absorb the delicious sauce.

Recipes and pictures courtesy of

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Slurpy Spaghetti Serves 4 Calculate 75 to 100g dry spaghetti per person.

You will need

1 Large saucepan Colander Fork 1 Small saucepan Large spoon Spatula Small glass mixing bowl Small sharp knife Chopping board

Ingredients

300g Dry spaghetti Boiling water 2T (30ml) Olive oil 2t (10ml) Ina Paarman’s Pasta Spice

Sauce

1 x 400g Ina Paarman’s Beef Bolognaise Pasta Sauce 2 Very ripe tomatoes 1t (5ml) Sugar 1 t (5 ml) Ina Paarman’s Garlic Pepper Seasoning ½ cup (125 ml) Freshly grated Italian hard cheese (optional)

Method

Cook the spaghetti in enough boiling water to cover it by 10cm. No salt please.

When the spaghetti is cooked (about 8 to 10 minutes) strain off the water in a colander, return spaghetti to the saucepan and immediately toss with olive oil and Pasta Spice. Keep on one side with lid half on to stay warm. Decant the Sauce into a small saucepan. Rinse the pasta bottle with a little water to clean out every bit of sauce and add it to the sauce. Pour boiling water over the tomatoes (see illustration). Leave to stand for 3 minutes and pull off the skins. Chop the tomatoes finely, add to the sauce together with the sugar and Garlic Pepper Seasoning. Bring just to the boil. Toss the sauce with the spaghetti. Sprinkle with cheese if using.

Step 2: Cut around the ‘eye’ of the tomato and remove it. Cut a cross into the base of the tomato, just through the skin. Step 3: Pour boiling water over tomatoes and leave to stand for 3 to 5 minutes. Starting at the base, pull the skin away from the flesh.

Step 1: Place the dry spaghetti into a pot with boiling water. Leave the spaghetti. As it softens it will disappear under the water.

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Step 4: Cut tomato in half, put the flat side down and slice once way, turn and dice across the slices.

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Subscribe & stand a chance to WIN great prizes www.babysandbeyond.co.za

babys beyond

Baby’s and Beyond

July - September 2016

Pay only R120.00 for 4 issues & you can stand a chance to WIN a R2 000.00 gift voucher from HOUSE & HOME

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July - September 2016

ISSN 2311-5467

9 772311 546706

INSIDE: Giveaways

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Kicks for kids

TO SUBSCRIBE, COMPLETE THIS FORM AND FAX TO 086 270 9693 Current offer valid for RSA subscribers of printed options only. This offer expires on 30 September 2016.*  NEW SUBSCRIPTION

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PAYMENT INFORMATION  YES!! I would like 4 issues @ R120.00 incl. VAT and Postage (for RSA subscribers & printed options ONLY) Banking Details: DIRECT DEPOST/EFT: Nedbank, branch code 198765, account no. 1001082427 Ref: Your name or organisation name PLEASE START/RENEW MY SUBSCRIPTION WITH ISSUE 

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EASY OPTIONS TO CONTACT US www.babysandbeyond.co.za babysandbeyond @babysandbeyond

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CLASSIFIEDS 88

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b Availa at

CLASSIFIEDS

Get rid of runny nose with Tramk Nasal Aspirator

Rivonia Junction Shopping Complex Shop G2 Mipower or De Villabois Office Park Building 4 Cnr De Villabois Mareuil and Jacque street Moreleta Park

082 778 3210

sales@nosytramk.co.za

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Did you know you’ll spend nearly a third of your life sleeping? So make sure the bed you sleep on won’t only help you sleep more soundly, but will last a long, long time, keeping you in comfort whatever your size or your age. And who better to give you everything you need in a mattress than Edblo? For nearly 90 years South Africans have trusted Edblo to give them the quality rest they need – visit an Edblo stockist near you and find out why!

“Why Edblo” statements:

• Developed and manufactured in South Africa since 1927 • Manufactured with tried and tested components • Great value for money • Excellent comfort • Trusted South African bed for more than 80 years • A good night’s sleep starts with Edblo

To locate your nearest stockist, contact Edblo on 011 309-4000 or visit

www.edblo.co.za

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promising products

For all-day freshness

omfitex Ultra Slim Pantyliners are soft and absorbent to help keep you feeling fresh and comfortable all day. They are perfect for use throughout the month and on those days when you need it most. Comfitex Ultra Slim Pantyliners are available in a zip-lock bag in scented and unscented variants. Manufactured for NSP Unsgaard, a division of The Lion Match Company. For more information, email info@lionmatch.co.za, or call +27 021 531 6969.

Pacifying teething woes

he Teething Egg, a one-of-a-kind teething soother manufactured in the USA, makes the teething process for millions of babies (and parents) across the world a little smoother. Recently launched in South Africa, the Teething Egg (patent pending) is a non-porous, seamless soother made with food-grade silicone. It is non-toxic, BPA-free, and Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) compliant, which is a prerequisite for many (understandably) cautious parents. Have you ever had a teething baby that just couldn’t stop chewing on things to soothe her gums? Or a child that loves to carry things in her hands wherever she goes? And how many times have you bent down to pick up the object of your baby’s affection and worried about its cleanliness when hastily returning it to your already hysterical baby? The Teething Egg: • is small enough for baby to hold in one hand for lightweight sensory play • has a consistently soft surface that allows babies’ gums to glide in all directions • is orthodontic friendly – promotes natural development of teeth and gums • is curved in shape and textured to aid in soothing inflamed gums • clips to baby’s clothing to stay within reach and off dirty surfaces • comes in various colours that your baby or toddler will love • is a fantastic pacifier replacement • may be placed in the refrigerator for cooling sensation • can be used as a modulated soother for special needs children. The Teething Egg is available for purchase online at www.theteethingegg.co.za and at various boutique maternity and baby stores countrywide.

For the softest skins

he Cherubs Wipes Triple Pack, now with an elegant and user-friendly carry strap, offers Moms ultimate convenience. Cherubs Triple Pack (244 wipes) are available in both Sensitive and Sensitive Fragranced variants for only R49.99, and are suitable for the softest skins. Proudly made in South Africa by a division of The Lion Match Company. For more information, visit www.cherubs. co.za, email info@lionmatch.co.za, or call +27 021 531 6969.

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promising products

LambsWool is the best

Photo credit: WoolVreign

oolVreign LambsWool ensures that your new born, baby or toddler sleeps and plays in the utmost comfort all year round, day or night. LambsWool is super soft and regulates temperatures with all natural 100% wool fibers, and is naturally antibacterial. But don’t just believe us, give it a try for yourself! For more information about where Mary keeps her little lambs, visit www.blauwkrans.co.za. E denet@blauwkrans.co.za or marius@blauwkrans.co.za C +27 060 789 6180 or +27 060 806 1503

U Under Cover Under Cover Hand Made

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Discreet breast feeding cover for Moms South Africa Hand Made

Discreet breast feeding cover for Moms

Under Cover is made of soft cotton that blends in with whatever outfit you are wearing, easy to wash and wear, nder Cover is made of soft cotton that blends in with 100% coverage from the public’s eye. A variety of colours whatever outfit you are wearing, easy to wash and to choose from.

Un wh wear, 100% coverage from the public’s eye. A variety of 100 colours to choose from. Under Cover softout cotton What a great feelingis formade all those of Mothers there that blends in with to

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whatever outfit you are wearing, easy to wash and wea 100% coverage from the public’s eye. A variety of colou Wh to choose from.

What a great feeling for all those Mothers out there Email: chicksofalltrades@gmail.com Email: chicksofalltrades@gmail.com Cell: +27 079 055 4791 P.O.Box 3011 Northriding 2162 Website: www.chicksofalltrades.com Cell: +27 079 055 4791 Chick’s of all Trade’s P.O.Box 3011 Northriding 2162 DD

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Letibalm – nose and repair balm Email:lip chicksofalltrades@gmail.com P.O.Box 3011 Northriding onstant nose blowing and cold weather can result in the delicate skin between the nose and lips becoming dry, chapped and painful. Letibalm is specially designed to care for the lips, nose and the skin in between. This area needs special care because the lips and nose have thinner skin and less moisture glands, making it more vulnerable to the elements. Letibalm is a gentle, restorative balm that moisturises dry skin, helps to repair chaps and cracks and calms irritation. It also creates a protective layer to prevent further damage. Made with natural decongestants, menthol and camphor, Letibalm will also help to ease breathing. Letibalm Paediatric (suitable for children 0 to 8 years old) and regular Letibalm (10ml liquid tube or a 10ml jar) are available at Dis-Chem, selected Pick n Pay stores and leading pharmacies. For further information, call 0860 456 123 or visit www.ivohealth.co.za.

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Email: ch

What a great feeling for all those Mothers out there

Cell: +27 079 055 4

2162

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promising products

Epi-max® Baby & Junior

pi-max® Baby & Junior is a gentle all-purpose emollient moisturiser for babies and children. It can be used as a soap substitute that doubles up as a moisturiser and is gentle and mild enough to use from birth. It is hypo-allergenic, fragrance and colourant free, dermatologically tested, and not tested on animals. It contains cetomacrogol and glycerine. Available at your nearest pharmacy, for more information please visit www.epi-max.co.za.

Pampers’ new nappy technology ®

ampers® Premium Care (PPC) has unveiled an exciting new innovation in nappies by introducing its softest nappy ever. Moms will be pleased to know that the new PPC features silky soft materials and unique absorbent channels for five-star skin protection. Pampers® brand manager, Sbonelo Mncube, says: Developed by Pampers®, absorbent channels are a new innovation in nappy technology. This technology, a first in the market, creates channels and chambers that work together – like a system of water pipes that collects rain into a cistern. The channels help to evenly distribute the wetness into chambers where it is stored away from your baby’s skin.’ Pampers® knows that even the most exquisite softness is nothing without dryness to protect it, which is why Pampers® offers up to 12 hours of dryness. Additionally, a wetness indicator lets you know when your baby might need a change. Research shows what parents have known all along; that babies really do prefer the feeling of lush textures against their skin. Just like wearing the finest silk, surrounding your baby with softness feels good – but for baby it has a much more meaningful developmental benefit. According to Pippa Hime, midwife and a Pampers® Institute Expert, ‘Skin and touch play an important role in infant bonding and development. Babies learn most about the world through the skin; it’s a pathway to the precious bond you share but it is also the most essential element of their social, emotional, physical development.’ Hime concludes: ‘While skin-to-skin is the language of love that bonds us together, skin also has to be perfectly protected. The nappy you choose plays an important role in caring for your baby’s skin.’ For more information, visit www.facebook.com/PampersSA or www.pg.com.

To find out more about getting your product listed in this Promising Products section.

contact: Elroy van Heerden on 021 424 3625 or elroy@mediaxpose.co.za www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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BOOK REVIEW

Photo credit: Penguin Random House South Africa

Demigods and Magicians Rick Riordan Penguin Random House South Africa | RRP R160.00 When a mysterious magical disturbance draws magicians Carter and Sadie Kane to New York, they meet another pair of kids – Percy Jackson and Annabeth Chase – with abilities as incredible as their own. And it’s no coincidence that they’ve all been drawn to the Big Apple. A crazed sorcerer, Setne, is stirring up double trouble, unleashing dangerous creatures from both Greek and Egyptian myth. With Setne determined to devour the gods themselves to obtain the gift of immortality, demigods and magicians must combine their powers to stop him, before it’s too late . . . Features the three short stories: The Son of Sobek, The Staff of Serapis and The Crown of Ptolemy, plus an exciting extract from The Hidden Oracle, the first book in Rick Riordan’s latest series, The Trials of Apollo.

We Are All Made of Molecules Photo credit: Penguin Random House South Africa

Susin Nielsen Penguin Random House South Africa | RRP R180.00 Hysterically funny, heart-warming and offbeat, We Are All Made of Molecules follows one very mixed-up family. Meet Stewart. He’s geeky, gifted and sees things a bit differently to most people. His mum has died and he misses her all the more now he and his dad have moved in with Ashley and her mum. Meet Ashley. She’s popular, cool and sees things very differently to her new family. Her dad has come out and moved out – but not far enough. And now she has to live with a freakazoid step-brother. Stewart can’t quite fit in at his new school, and Ashley can’t quite get used to her totally awkward home, which is now filled with some rather questionable decor. And things are about to get a whole lot more mixed up when these two very different people attract the attention of school hunk, Jared…

Early Childhood Development Checklist Carla Grobler

Photo credit: Carla Grobler

Penguin Random House South Africa | RRP R180.00 Parents of babies and young children are constantly watching and wondering whether their children are reaching their developmental milestones within expected timeframes. It is important to keep in mind that each child is unique and that no two children will arrive at these milestones simultaneously. Early Childhood Development Checklist aims to guide parents and teachers in the timeous identification of development delays a child may display. The book covers almost 30 skill categories, such as movement, coordination, communication, number concept, writing and perception. Each chapter is divided into age ranges that give comprehensive points to check off. There is also a chapter on age-appropriate stimulation activities to improve a child’s ability in any area where a possible development delay is identified. Carla Grobler is a practitioner in the field of occupational therapy and specialises in paediatrics. To purchase the book, visit www.caralgrobler.co.za. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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