Degree Show Portfolio

Sian Bury

Degree Show Portfolio BA (Hons) Landcape Architecture

Trafford TraffordPark_1:10,000 Park An Individual Agenda

Trafford Park will be analysed in its entirety at a scale of 1:10,000 through digital and analogue systems. An individual approach will be taken in order to create an agenda for the site.

Contents \\

1.

Site History \\ A Perspective View

2.

Site History \\ Significant Developments

3.

Analysis \\ Historic Survey

4.

Site \\ Photographic Survey

5.

Analysis \\ What Works - What Doesn’t

6.

Mapping \\ Emotions

7.

Psychogeography \\ The Disconnected City

8.

Findings \\ Understanding Connectivity

9.

Analysis \\ Aesthetics

10.

Agenda \\ Proposing a Programme

11.

Agenda \\ Connectivity - Diversity

12.

Agenda \\ Masterplan 1:10,000 @A1

Advantages of businesses selecting their site in Trafford Park during the peak of its establishment

Site History \\ A Perspective View Trafford Park is an iconic industrial development sitting close to Manchester City centre. A report compiled by the editor of ‘Business’ (publication) highlighted that many of Trafford Park’s features were once key advantages to selecting a base for a business. Although many of these previous advantages still remain, changes mean that some no longer have the same relevance that they once had.

Transport Site along deep water.

Sites close to Docks.

Railway sidlings at factory door.

Roads.

Inland canal system.

Close to aerodrome.

Market Population within 100 miles of Trafford Park - 18,000,000 Population within 100 miles of London - 16,000,000 Raw Materials

Country View

Foreign materials direct by ocean ships Local materials - chemicals, coal, stone etc

County View

Skilled Labour Abundant and skilled in all trades The most efficient labour in the world Housing Plentiful around Trafford Park Dwellings in Trafford Park for key men Land Available in any size or shape of plot for purchase outright or subject to annual payments Savings Trafford Park can frequently show savings which, as compared with other locations, will pay for the land.

Local View Source: The Big Three Transportation Transformation Distribution Civilisation, Year and Author unknown

Site History \\ Significant Developments Trafford Park has witnessed numerous changes since its original ownership by the De Trafford family. The timeline shows how the area has seen rises and falls in prosperity across the centuries.

Trafford Centre opens

The peak of Trafford Park with 75,000 workers

Railway system closed Manchester Ship Canal opens

1761 Bridgewater Canal built

1830

1998

1945

1894 1914

1900

1979

First passenger train comes to Manchester The Village, with 700 houses, a church and library built Establishment of Trafford Park, Europe’s first purpose built industrial park

Economic recession beings

2012

1,500 companies and 56,000 employees on site

1984 - The Village demolished

Timeline of Trafford Park

Analysis \\ Historic Survey By studying the site and its immediate boundary, an understanding can be gained into how history has influenced its development.

1840 Trafford

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1900 Trafford

- Bridgewater Canal runs across site

- Farm buildings spread across site

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© Landmark Information Group Ltd and Crown copyright 2013. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

© Landmark Information Group Ltd and Crown copyright 2013. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

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- Dwellings development in support of high levels of employment opportunity - Access roads form a network across the site

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- Site filled with industrial warehouses and units - Agricultural history now lost - Size of units considerably smaller than previously

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1990 Trafford

- High density of industrial development

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1900

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- Area predominantly rural with little development

- Manchester Ship Canal now evident - Industry starting to develop to East of site - Area still dominated by agriculture - Outer periphery beginning to show signs of development

© Landmark Information Group Ltd and Crown copyright 2013. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

© Landmark Information Group Ltd and Crown copyright 2013. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

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Sian Bury Manchester Metropolitan University

l rica in o t a is w h s rem e F ing ild intact bu

Site \\ Photographic Survey Images capture the essence of Trafford Park, historically and currently.

r ate h w ug ge rid thro B s is e Th l run but n a n tte ite Ca the s forgo sily ea

l oo o p r e C Liv sing e Th hou s an a re ide e as a v s s W ro p tive u to it e rna venu ction e t l a ht al fun g i n gin ori

d pte the u r r inte span n U es fil site pro

Image title

w dra s s t i un ward y r to up Fac eye the

Ra

ilw ay tr r tra emin acks nsp de a or t r of re a a go link n ne ow

Ke ma llogg ’s h jor f a Pa eatur ve b rk e sin of T een a ce r 19 afford 36

n is nd o i t i eta beh g g Ve ined ncin fe nta co curity se

Co me ld gr e rem tallic ys a nd fe i ind nd us ature ust s rial of th e pa st

Analysis \\ What Works - What Doesn’t

Few Seating Opportunities

By identifying what works and what doesn’t, and to what extent, it is possible to begin to consider those aspects that would benefit from attention

No Visible Communities

O l d Tr a f f o r d Noise Levels L o c a l Tr a n s p o r t L i n k s Bland // No Outstanding Aesthetics Water Networks

Industrial Scale

Ve r y We l l

Limited Natural Habitats

OK

N o t Ve r y We l l

Identity Road Infrastructure

Disconnected Green Networks Tr a f f o r d C e n t r e / / Leisure Village Cycle Routes Functional // Not Inviting

Scale bar indicating perception rating

Limited Recreational Opportunities

Air Quality

Pedestrian Networks Human Scale

What Doesn’t

What Works

Local Economy

Mapping \\ Emotions The principles of the psychogeography derive were employed during the initial exploration of Trafford Park. Directions were followed based on intuitive decisions and corresponding reactions were noted.

Strong feeling of rejection ...curiosity dampened by forbidding underlying tone. Heroic clamouring plants avoid annihilation of death by razor wire.

4

Stark edges slice into the sky... harsh regimented profiles ...atmospherically flat and cold

Feel small in comfortable cavern like space...this is a place for retreating to double openings oer light and a way out

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2 1

Sense of separation from life...simultaneously protected and vulnerable

Felt exposed ...no sign of activity...rusting rails suggested signs of neglect and abandonment...

Atmosphere of emptiness

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6

Feel insignificant and drawn to take pleasure in living material. Admire the tenacious power of uncultivated life.

8 9 6

Devoid of people but signs of human intervention and order...comforting to see managed order..signs of life but no timescale. ..no need for that knowledge

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Nature persists edging silently forward like a commando crawling against the ground... Using neglect as an opportunity ... Respect for these self seeded plants...celebrate survival for now

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2 Map of route taken during exploration of area

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Awkward uneasy heightened sense of vulnerability and danger ...constant need to check fast moving traďŹƒc...I am invisible

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Psychogeography \\ The Disconnected City “Emotional zones must be determined by the dérive and then form the basis of a new cartography characterised by a complete disregard for the traditional...”

(Coverley, 2010 p.90)

Guy Debord and Asger Jorn, The Naked City, 1957

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Mapping Trafford Park in the style of Guy Debord to highlight the lack of connections

Exploring Trafford Park in the manner of a flâneur recreated t h e e x p e r i e n c e o f a p s y c h o g e o g r a p h e r, e n a b l i n g awareness of emotions. The zones mirror the disconnected areas discovered while walking the site.

The areas appeared broken due to the dominant road networks that span the area, intersecting and isolating zones. By isolating the areas it is possible to consider approaches to meld the whole. What is clear is that psychogeography is subjective and breaks away from traditional viewpoints, allowing us to see with fresh eyes.

“Beyond the discovery of unities of ambience, of their main components and their spatial localisation, one comes to perceive their principal axes of passage, their exits and their defenses.” (Debord in Coverley, 2010 p.98)

Findings \\ Understanding Connectivity Successful connectivity strengthens the sum of the whole and creates greater opportunities.

Abrupt endings

Little kerb provision

“Understanding

connectivity can be

Indistinguishable

the key to successful

regeneration and growth at the city wide level, and maximising value at site level.”

Inadequate widths

(RUDI: 2008 p1)

No signage

Unmapped provisions

Need for places to pause

Unconnectedness Non-road networks

Elements discovered on site that contribute to ‘unconnectedness’

Analysis \\ Aesthetics Aesthetics play a significant part in the way we perceive a place. Our senses come into play and are heightened by stimuli.

Exploring aesthetics that were already on site allows a more informed analysis.

Colour | Soft

Colour | Strong

Texture | Delicate

Texture | Coarse

Line | Sinuous

Pattern | Abstract

Line | Angular

Movement | Rapid

Movement | Gradual

Pattern | Rhythmic

Enclosure | Contained

Enclosure | Extensive

l

esh eg ra

y

Ch ain Sy s tem St ru ct ur e

Arter

usage of non-road networks.

Integrate Pro

gre

integrate strategically throughout the site.

Int

ite

Un

To improve connectivity and increase the

To increase the diversity of flora and fauna and

Enm

ned Jo i Unify mate Amalga

An agenda has formed through site analysis. Two words; connectivity and diversity, dominate. These words could be understood in a variety of ways, depending on the viewers perception, highlighting the importance to include variety as well as linkages.

Combine Intermix

Agenda \\ Proposing a Programme

ss

ion

b We

Network

Pace

Flow

Movement

Motion y

Activit

Connectivity Diversity ect

nn eco

R

Holistic

Connectivity Diversity

Mix

Su

ng

pp

ort

C

ty Uni

Flow

Continuum

uit ri c

Continuity

Co hes ion Cont inuan ce Duration

Varying

Multif

ariou

s

us

ent

Diff er

Va rio

Di

ffe r

ing

Belo

te cia so As nd Exte Link

Photographs highlight existing divide between industry and vegetation

Strengthen Join

Developing the agenda to continue the process of producing a programme

Agenda \\ Connectivity - Diversity

The intention is to address the

reconnecting

connectivity

and

the disconnected elements. The

diversity pace

and

of Trafford Park by

continuity of

movement will be a focus, particularly regarding pedestrians and cyclists by enhancing the non-vehicular

experience

and encouraging a more

gradual

Connectivity

Address the linkage of areas designed for pedestrians and cyclists

pace. Sinuous

lines combined with abstract patterns and delicate textures will be juxtaposed against rhythmic patterns, coarse textures and strong colours.

Biodiversity

will play a

significant role in creating

variety, both visually and biologically, as well as developing a

more

Diversity

The sensory and physical experience of the site will offer differing levels of stimulation

distinctive green network.

Movement

Opportunities for traveling across the site will be designed with the pedestrian in mind

Pace

Provision will be made to reduce the pace and create a reason to stay

Biodiversity

This will play a significant role in contributing to visual and biological variety

Material choice and vegetation will impact on the users experience

Aesthetics

The visual experience will be enriched by integrating aesthetics throughout the site

Agenda \\ Masterplan 1:10,000 @A1

Trafford Park_1:2,500 Now that an agenda has been formed, a selected area of the site will be developed into further proposals at a scale of 1:2500. Both existing elements and proposed interventions will be explored to aid in creating a fresh identity for Trafford Park.

Contents \\

1.

Finding a Focus \\ Coming in Close

2.

Analysis \\ Historic Survey

3.

Site \\ Photographic Survey

4.

The Language of Landscape \\ Joan Woodward and the Concept of Patterns

5.

Form Provides Pattern \\ Pattern Recording

6.

Movement \\ Rules of Parallax

7.

Movement \\ Framed by Brevity

8.

Movement \\ Framed by Brevity

9.

Planting Vision \\ Developing an Identity for Trafford Park

10.

Planting Vision \\ Proposed Typologies

11.

Visualisations \\ An Alternative Landscape

12.

Masterplan \\ 1:2,500 @A1

Site_Concrete

Finding a Focus \\ Coming in Closer The site is situated within the southern realm of Trafford Park, with the Bridgewater Canal running diagonally through the area.

As it stands the area is dominated by warehouse units and clusters of offices, the main activity being logistics. Parkway and Mosley Road offer links with Stretford, as well as Parkway Circle being the key roundabout linking the five main roads within Trafford Park.

Overview of Traord Park showing selected site

Selected site boundary

Analysis \\ Historic Survey By studying the site and its immediate boundary, an understanding can be gained into how history has influenced its development.

1840 A3

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- ‘Moss Farm’ central to site

- Movement relies on Bridgewater Canal

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© Landmark Information Group Ltd and Crown copyright 2013. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

© Landmark Information Group Ltd and Crown copyright 2013. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

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- Original agricultural patterns now lost

- Road and rail networks expand - Barton Dock Road mirrors line and form of Bridgewater Canal

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- Abstract pattern extends with housing and additional industrial units of varying sizes

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- Patterns of agricultural fields in linear strips dominate the land

- Abstract patterns starting to form from new industry - Railway extends movement across site - Boatbuilding Yard highlights importance of canal

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- Patterns created from road and building units - Little open space

© Landmark Information Group Ltd and Crown copyright 2013. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

© Landmark Information Group Ltd and Crown copyright 2013. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

Nov 18, 2013 14:49

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Sian Bury Manchester Metropolitan University

Site \\ Photographic Survey Visiting the site made it possible to study how people are able to connect and interact. There was a strong sense of seclusion, particularly when walking alongside the Bridgewater Canal. The juxtaposition of tidy frames and disorderly breaks highlights the opportunity for diversity as well as the chance to reconnect the canal, a key element of history from Trafford Park.

// te // a l so us De ymo nt ie on An rans T

/ y/ d ud n / M odde / rn Tr Wo own D

// ist n n rtu po / Ope p O t/ Fla

// ed Tidy r e elt // Sh tive tec Pro

Pro h Se ibitive c u / Th rea re // / ten ing

/ al / / n / o ti nc rting y u F po nit p u Su mm o C

Ne Ab glec ted an Wa done // ste d / lan / d

/ e / Neat t a v Pri ng // iti inv n U

Co

ntr Ba astin Ov rren g // erg // row n

The Language of Landscape \\ Joan Woodward and the Concept of Patterns

“Once is an instance. Twice may be an accident. But three or more times makes a

pattern.”

(Ackerman, 1993 p.11)

Breaking down Joan Woodward’s theory on landscapes and patterns

Form Provides Pattern \\ Pattern Recording Influenced by Mario Gandelsonas a delayering analytical style has been used to highlight the patterns that can be found within the site. These could also act as a potential design mechanism. Strong pattern blocks suggest differing activities/scale.

Patterns produced based on Mario Gandelsonas

Movement \\ Rules of Parallax

One of the ways we perceive the landscape is through kinesthetics. Movement could stem from the observer or the observed. The rules of parallax may apply to the way we see things. If we were to observe from a train window the close up details would pass by very quickly, middle distance object (trees) go steadily by, far distance (hillsides) stay in place for a long time. The

flow of traffic is central to movement across the site.

Greater engagement with the site will be likely if there is a broader range of stimuli.

Based on Simon Bell (1999) Landscape Pattern, Perception and Process

A view from a train window as the landscape passes by

“Viewing scenic routes through

moving

camera lens or car windows reduces the effect and separates the viewer from the view so it becomes an effort to observe and we may pay less and less attention.”

(Bell, 1999 p.68)

View from the window of a moving car creates opportunities to focus within a timeframe

Movement \\ Framed by Brevity By recording movements along the Bridgewater Canal it became clear how most movement is in the same direction as the canal. Even birds flying overhead would mimic the line of the water. Any other movement was subtle and muted. Sketches offer an alternative means of recording, in a more abstract manner.

The film footage is available to be viewed at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MKlRy6xIKOY

The sporadic passing of pedestrians, their movement traced into the distance

Canoeists leave their mark in the water, if only for a brief moment.

Steam dissipating into the atmosphere

Water ripples brings attention to the reflections that can be appreciated by passers by

Movement \\ Framed by Brevity

Cyclists rarely deviate from the track

The contrast between moving traďŹƒc above the canal and the still slow flow of water is briefly recognised

Spinning fans rotate constantly

Reflections extend the experience along the canal

Planting Vision \\ Developing an Identity for Trafford Park The range of planting typologies shows the diverse ecotones that extend beyond the Bridgewater canal. The planting design will aid the user in determining which activity zone they are approaching. Boundaries and edges will be reconfigured using vegetation. opening spaces yet still retaining ownership.

Wetlands & Wildlife

Canal-side Gateway

Thick Edge

Edible Amble

Industrial Peripheries

Productive Woodland

Wetlands sit sympathetically and in close proximity to the canalside, providing a specialist diverse habitat for a variety of wildlife. Footways will allow people to immerse themselves in the new landscape and interact with the environment.

Introducing aquatic planting to the canal-side will encourage people to reconnect with the waterway. Working with the wetlands will create a symbiotic effect.

Dense perimeters will be planted to act not only as a physical barrier but also to muffle the sound of the daily traffic and create a directional stimuli.

Food trails in the form of trees, shrubs and perennials will be scattered across the site as a means of providing for the community. Choice will be determined by seasonality as well as climatic conditions.

Taking down the barriers and replacing with soft landscaping ensures that the boundaries are maintained whilst using the buildings as a backdrop to frame the effect.

D e s i g n i n g p l a n t i n g to b e functional as well as aesthetically pleasing adds another dimension to the site. Whether the trees are to be grown for furniture or firewood, a return investment may be anticipated.

Proposed cross section of planting vision

Planting Vision \\ Proposed Typologies Each planting typology stands alone in its own right, while at the same time integrating into the site proposal. The aim is that each planting zone will influence the level of stimuli created on the site. Similar to the way we receive sound, the planting will hold our interest until we allow a new stimuli to replace the original.

Wetlands & Wildlife

Edible Amble

- Occasionally saturated or very wet soil

- Stimulates sensory response

- Offers shelter for amphibians and

- Encourages foraging skills to develop

invertebrate

- Anthropocentric functions

- Agrarian patterns

- Draws community together

- Transient platform linking to canal-side

- Species will include: Allium ursinum,

- Species will include: Persicaria bistorta ,

Malus domestica

Ranunculus aquatilis

Canal-side Gateway - Low-medium height permits clear visibility from main approaches

Industrial Peripheries - Drama of planting extends vertically - Distinct vegetative communities

- Functioning ecosystem

- Storm water management

- Stimuli to draw people along the water’s

- Softens the line of an otherwise hard

edge - Softens the line of the canal - Species will include: Lysichiton

edge - Species will include: Alchemilla mollis, Prunus avium

camtschatcensis, Salix caprea

Thick Edge - Evergreen and deciduous interwoven - Densely planted

Productive Woodland - Managed and restricted landscape for efficient productivity

- Matrix of trees, shrubs and perennials

- Light open canopy

- Ecological succession

- Research and recreation trail

- Species will include: Choisya ternata,

- Underplanting extends species diversity

Osmunda regalis

- Species will include: Castanea sativa, Taxus, Fraxinus excelsior

Visualisations \\ An Alternative Landscape Photographic montages offer a glimpse as to how the proposed programme could be realised.

A pattern of activity and circulation can be seen emerging, forming links with the iconic canal.

Highlighting potential of canal by introducing activity and networks

Towpaths once absorbed are given definition

Masterplan \\ 1:2,500 @A1

Improved Wayfinding

0

Bridgewater Canal

Pedestrian Priority

Existing Urban Grain

Improved Footpath

New green link spaces

Pedestrian Priority

Opportunity Buildings

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200

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Trafford Park_1:200 Now that an agenda has been formed, a selected area of the site will be developed into further proposals at a scale of 1:200. Both existing elements and proposed interventions will be explored to aid in creating a fresh identity for Trafford Park.

Contents \\

1.

Proposed Site \\ A New Perspective

21.

Masterplan \\ 1:200@A1

2.

Site Signature \\ Presenting the Space

22.

Elevation \\ 1:200@A1

3.

Analysis \\ Historic Survey

23.

Masterplan \\ Exploded Axonometric

4.

Site Investigation \\ Aesthetic Potential

24.

Masterplan \\ Wide Angle Perspectives

5.

Site Investigation \\ Ecological Potential

25.

Visualisations \\ An Alternative Landscape

6.

Site Interpretation \\ Aesthetic Exploration

26.

Site Model \\ 1:100

7.

Analysis \\ Site Survey

8.

Site Identification \\ Detailed Observations

9.

Spatial Study \\ Site Model

10.

Spatial Analysis \\ Site Examination

11.

Site Potential \\ Zonal Interpretation

12.

The Language of Landscape \\ Programming the Urban Surface

13.

Programme Development \\ Issues and Goals

14.

Precedent Study \\ Edge Park, W Architecture

15.

Precedent Study \\ Twisted Valley, Grupo Aranea

16.

Design Development \\ Path Characterisation

17.

Precedent Study \\ Red Folding Paper in the Greenway, Turenscape

18.

Design Development \\ Proposed Pathways and Connections

19.

Design Development \\ Making Connections

20.

Design Development \\ Pattern and Movement

Proposed Site \\ A New Perspective It was intentional to choose a part of the site that would link with the canal yet was at the core of the main industrial activity.

The iconic canal sits within the centre of the selected area, with the generic warehouse buildings and service yards encasing around the edge.

1:10000@A1

1:200@A1

Overview of Traord Park showing 1:2500 selected site

1:2500@A1

Selected 1:2500 site boundary showing selected 1:200 site

Selected site boundary

Site Signature \\ Presenting the Space

“If anybody wants to see one of the most interesting things in this great old country, he should go to Trafford Park. He cannot be a pessimist as to the indomitable qualities of the English people as he looks on this wondrous and latest triumph in the development of the vast commercial possibilities of this wondrous old country.”

T.P.O’Connor (1848-1929) Journalist and MP

Sketch of site viewing from the Bridgewater Canal towpath

Analysis \\ Historic Survey

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By studying the site and its immediate boundary, an understanding can be gained into how history has influenced its development.

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1950 1:200

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- No dwellings other than farmhouse nearby - Tree lined canal tow path - Land managed in strips - Woodland/forest close-by

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- Urban District Boundary line runs N-S across Westerly point of site

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- Portion of land in site boundary suggestive of woodland pocket

Sian Bury Manchester Metropolitan University

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- Drain line to South-West suggests commencement of drainage to marshland - More factory units erected to North-East of site - Still no sign of development to South-West of canal - Construction of additional railway lines - Industry remains unchanged

1980

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- Bridgewater canal built 1761

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- Farmland and farmhouse replaced with dye works - Woodland and trees removed - Canal forms integral part of industrial development - Dye manufacturing makes use of water from canal - Railway lines run between factory units - Rail and canal used for transport of goods - Woodland now appears to be marshland - No sign of development to South-West of canal - Roads start to appear

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- Some change to factory layout - some remain the same, some demolished, some new additions - Railway redundant/removed - Road network improved - Proximity to canal no longer holds premium value - Space made available for car and lorry parks Feb 10, 2014 14:11

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- South-West of canal developed into smaller modern factory units/warehouses

Š Landmark Information Group Ltd and Crown copyright 2014. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

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Sian Bury Manchester Metropolitan University

Site Investigation \\ Aesthetic Potential The selected site is closed off by physical and visual barriers. There is the opportunity to open these barriers and increase the movement across the area. This programme presents a unique opportunity to renew historical links and create a positive identity. The creation of accessible open spaces provides a feeling of freedom and an invitation to explore and discover.

Photographs highlight challenges presented within the site. Colours are cold and materials harsh and prohibitive.

The documentation of movement will play a key part in the design process

Existing symbols used to visualise the distribution of energy

A bridge could be a way of creating an opportunity for reconnecting

Water is enticing, and the opportunity to engage is compelling

Trees are given priority, with the pathways being sympathetic to them

Vegetation could spread across the site, as if like steam, filling the gaps between the units

Ec o for logic min al g n cor etw rido ork rs c s o an fp lan contr ting ibu te

to

There is a great contrast in scale between the existing plant life and imposing industrial units. Vegetation is continuous and flowing in comparison to the rigid, strong lined building blocks.

Ecotones soften the movement from one landscape character to another

Great emphasis will be placed on respecting ecological principles without compromising the industrial activity of the park. The aim is to be seasonally dynamic, using planting patterns to define the character of each area. Trees and planting will not be over managed, but allowed to grow into natural shapes, even if it disrupts routes and paths. By introducing ecology there will be a better sense of balance between this urban environment and the natural world.

Experiencing grasses up close can present a tactile opportunity

Site Investigation \\ Ecological Potential

Site Interpretion \\ Aesthetic Exploration Aesthetic opportunities will present themselves so as to lift the experience from the routine and monotonous sights of warehouses, factories and roads. Distinctive materials will be blended with tactile surfaces to integrate and unify patterns and shapes. A rich variety of visual, olfactory and auditory experiences will be woven into the space prompted by cultural characteristics.

Found movements discovered from previous site observation (above)

A gradual transition allows spaces to merge together, and become one

Topography can play a visual and physical role in site design An intermediate space oers the opportunity for pausing and contemplating

Stepped access invites movement into the space or viewing from the platform

Variable path width contributes to the users pace and experience

Peeling bark entices a closer visual inspection as well as a tactile examination

Northern industrial area becomes residential beyond Manchester Ship Canal

Analysis \\ Site Survey The site survey provided a means of understanding the site and recognising its potential. Views and access are important factors to be addressed as well as its proximity to the surrounding area.

Inaccessible Inaccessible

Views restricted to canal-side

Deciduous trees and shrubs restrict view to canal

Topography developed into distinct banking Retail district to the West

Topography developed into distinct banking

Relatively flat site Commercial/Leisure to the East

Relatively flat site Inaccessible

Views across into industrial site beyond canal

Deciduous trees and shrubs restrict view to canal

Dense residential area to the South

Inaccessible

Most of site access restricted.

Canal towpath only public route therefore greatest footfall

Site Identification \\ Detailed Observations Boundary and building edges define the model sites. Dividing the site into 5 distinct areas will allow for deeper analysis and understanding of the space. The area incorporates both private and public land.

2 1

West point dominated by site yard

Central to the site lies the Bridgewater Canal

Overview of site 1:200@A1

3

4

5

Northerly point feels detached due to fencing and positioning

North-Easterly perspective has most open aspect

South-Easterly point has strong connection with North-Easterly area

Spatial Study \\ Site Model A model constructed at 1:200 provided a means of understanding the site, and how the existing space(s) interact.

Boundaries, building facades and level changes have been recorded. The building units make up the tallest objects within the site at 10m, the lowest being the canal.

Industrial Building

Open Space

Service Yard Towpath

Industrial Building

Earth Mound Bridgewater Canal Earth Mound

Service Yard Car Park

Industrial Building

Site model 1:200@A1

Spatial Analysis \\ Site Examination

Relat

ively fl at wa

lkway Trees /s shad hrubs oe e/she r lter

Exten ded cana l view

Low levels of developm ent

ge

ta

tio

n

Positive Space

sp

ac

e

-o

ve

rg ro w

n

ve

Poor materials used

Re

st ric

te d

wa

lkw

ay

Industrial buildings dominate

nt

Negative Space l

s mba

nkm

ent

Prefabricated steel

Com

pac

ted E

arth Eart hE

Fen c dS tee l

Co ate sin Re Existing Materials

ite B Gran

ing

Resin Coated Steel Fencing Turf

lock

mb th E Ear

d te a c i br Site Cast fa Concrete e Pr

ank

me

ee st

Site Cast Concrete eel Prefabricated st

Resin Coated Steel Fencing Site Cast Concrete Hardscape

Softscape

Waterscape

Site Potential \\ Zonal Interpretation Once the site models had been analysed individually, it was possible to envisage them being brought together as a single entity. It is important to think of the site as a whole and how the model sites will fit together to form a design.

West point dominated by site yard

North-Easterly perspective has most open aspect

Using the model sites to define the zonal areas. Zones inspired by reference to diversity within agenda.

Central to the site lies the Bridgewater Canal

Northerly point feels detached due to fencing and positioning

Development from original zonal plan allows model sites to extend into one another, enabling the model sites to be reconfigured.

South-Easterly point has strong connection with North-Easterly area

Reconfiguring the model sites entirely brings together both sides of the canal, creating a balance and connection.

The Language of Landscape \\ Programming the Urban Surface cont.

Alex Wall sees a future that is constantly changing the ways that surfaces are integrated into landscapes. Solutions are sieved from the mass of possibilities.

Programme Development \\ Issue and Goals Using the site survey, issues and goals could be identified and catagorised accordingly under distinct headings.

Legibility

Landscape Resources

Urban Green Space

Industry and Canal

Issues

Canal

- Access is unclear and very restrictive

- Views restricted/limited

- Poor air quality

- Lacks link to agricultural history

- Absence of activity/stimuli

- Existing vegetation along canal has become established and colonised naturally

Industry

- Canal has promise - No integration

- InsuďŹƒcient planting

Canal

Industry

Dynamic canal-side

Goals

- Create connections with points of interest - Select planting beneficial to air pollution - Create a multi-functional inviting environment

- Include opportunities for viewpoints - Reintroduce productive landscape

- Create a balance between managed and natural, hardscape and softscape - Provide areas that oer a continuum of green space

- Develop canal as a historic landmark - Integrate industrial features with canal

Precedent Study \\ Edge Park, W Architecture Originally an area that was largely off limits to the public due to the dominance of industry, a new zoning now emphasises the waterfront access and reorients views across the river. The buildings have been integrated into the design, to act as gateways not barriers. The design seeks to link the ecosystem with the fabric of the community, blurring the boundary between land and water. Private and public, architecture and ecology synthesise, enriching the quality of the experience without compromising on ecological aspects.

! ! ! ! !

“Intervention should be restricted to the elimination of ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! destructive conflict.” ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

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(Ruff, 1982 p77) ! ! ! !

Walls adapt to act as seating

Distribution of hard and soft landscaping creates a strong impact

Varied angles enhance opportunities for experiencing viewpoints

Source: http://www.w-architecture.com/?sec=projects&pg=the_edge

! ! !

Precedent Study \\ Twisted Valley, Grupo Aranea Lines not only create routes but also project fluid patterns into the landscape. Patterns of vegetation define distinct zones. It is in fact a combination of pathways and plant material that forms these shapes. We know that pattern is an aesthetic that helps people to recognise and feel comfortable with the landscape, enhancing the users experience.

Examining opportunities created by paths

Elevated paths offer a new dynamic to the design

Divergent paths give greater choice of movement

Source: http://www.archdaily.com/461075/twisted-valley-grupo-aranea/

! ! !

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“There is evidence that different people will look at the same scene but perceive different shapes and patterns depending on experience and culture.”

Curve Twist

Disperse

Path Characterisation

Fold

Tighten

Bend Stretch

(Bell, 1999 p53)

A path can lead from one distinct zone into another

Pathways may be mixed and varied and give an identity to the space

Design Development \\ Path Characterisation Developing a pattern inspired by Grupo Aranea’s Twisted Valley and path characterisation.

Fold

Tighten

Twist

Stretch

Disperse

Curve

Precedent Study \\ Red Folding Paper in the Greenway, Turenscape An installation such as the Red Folding Paper creates an extended line within the landscape. By following the river, it pulls together an historic element that is worthy of emphasising. The continuous line suggests continuous movement. By integrating various elements such as seating, shelter and facilities an experiential corridor is formed. Although there is a strong visual contrast, the installation still sits in harmony with its environment. It functions as a magnet, drawing people into the space, allowing the eye to dance across the landscape as well as creating a physical pull.

A paper model can inform the shaping of a potential design

movement is unconsciously influenced by the way plant groupings fit or flow together, both on the horizontal and vertical plane.�

“Eye

(Beaulieu, 2014 p1) Angular folding processes produce opportunities for height variations

Source: http://www.turenscape.com/english/projects/project.php?id=4554

Design Development \\ Proposed Pathways and Connections Developing a movement inspired by Turenscape’s Red Folding Paper.

Design Development \\ Making Connections Experimentation has been carried out based on curves and angles and the influence they can have on kinetic movement. The pattern distribution formed by shaping may in turn affect zoning.

Elevated sweeping path crosses canal

Strong angular shape directs path across canal

Path sweeps into curvilinear sinuous shape

Potential for ‘staging pace of walking’ in path design

Grid like structure evolves from either side of canal

Multifaceted path structure shows varying effects of path shapes

Design Development \\ Pattern and Movement Design development continued, developing the movement and pattern through angular shapes, the focus being on the movement of the user and the pattern of the planting. Spaces have become more enclosed with vegetation dominating the previously heavily hardscaped site.

Irregular angular shapes create an abstract pattern

The canal slices decisively between two angular sections of paths

An alternative option illustrating division of space

Cohesive distribution of shapes reflect on the agricultural strips that existed prior to the industrial land development

Masterplan \\ 1:200@A1

Rethinking Connectivity, Permeability, and Diversity, on and Beyond the Water’s Edge +34.4m

Secondary plazas create enclosed open spaces to stop and appreciate the setting

+25.6m +25.6m

Existing Industrial Building ‘Behrens Group’

Meadow grass planting

+25.4m

Viewpoints across the canal

Direct route leading straight to canal towpath

Slate walling acts as informal seating and divides agroforestry planting

Existing Industrial Building ‘Cannon Viking’ Red GFRP connecting structure provides seating, shelter and interest across the site

Viewpoints across the canal

+25.6m +35.5m

+35.5m

+25.6m

Meadow grass planting

Bridgewater Canal

Narrower tertiary paths are designed for a more contemplative experience

Promenade towpath runs parallel to canal on both sides

Social seating designed for visitors and workers to site and enjoy the space

+24.8m

Agroforestry planting comprised of deciduous productive/edible trees, shrubs and perennial planting

+25.5m

Direct route leading straight to towpath/canal +25.1m

Direct route leading straight to canal towpath

Viewpoints across the canal

+25.4m Direct route leading straight to canal towpath +25.5m

Meadow grass planting

Open plaza space encourages people to pause and take in the new environment

Slate walling acts as informal seating and divides agroforestry planting +25.6m

Viewpoints across the canal

+25.4m +25.3m

+24.7m

Secondary paths have directional quality and offer choice of movement across the site

+35.5m

Existing Industrial Building ‘M and I Materials’ +25.6m 0

2

4

6

8

10

15

20m

+25.5m

+25.6m

5m

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5m

1.

3m

Elevations highlight how the planting and pathways have a balanced effect on the area concerned. Typical cross sections have been selected to give a more accurate view across the site.

3m

Ag ro fo re s slo try pi pla ng n sla ting te w w ith all s

3m

3m

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pe

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Masterplan \\ Elevation 1:200@A1 B1

A1 A2

B2

A2

B1 B2

Masterplan \\ Exploded Axonometric Breaking down the layers allows the various elements to be viewed as a solitary feature. The site has been treated as a whole, ensuring that many of the elements continue across the canal.

Additional Features - Dominated by red GFRP installation comprised of seating, shelter and aesthetic interest. Seating within the open plazas oers an alternative option.

Shrubs and Perennials - All planting has been selected for its edible or productive properties.

Trees - Deciduous trees will be grown for either fruits, nuts or timber, as well as providing habitats for local wildlife.

Pathways - Movement across the site is made up of a network of paths in 3 widths, influencing the pace of the user and the journey they choose to make.

Canal - The Bridgewater Canal is a historic connection linking both sides of the site.

Axonometric view of proposed 1:200 (@A1) design

Buildings - As industry is key to the economy of Traord Park, existing buildings have been retained.

Masterplan \\ Wide Angle Perspectives Perspectives spanning 120ยบ give an overall impression of the proposed site.

Industry will still be present, though once the agroforest has developed the productive landscape will create a new identity for Trafford Park. Ecology will take over and bring a welcome balance back to the site.

B1

A1

B A

A

A1

B

B1

A

Visualisations \\ An Alternative Landscape Photographic montages offer a glimpse as to how the proposed programme could be realised. A pattern of activity and circulation can be seen emerging, forming links with the iconic canal.

B

A

B

Highlighting potential of canal by introducing movement across the iconic landmark.

A once non existent landscape is given definition by introducing a network of pathways and planting

Site Model \\ 1:100 A limited colour palette allows the red installation to be instantly identifiable and the planting to blend naturally with the backdrop.

The eye can easily pick up on the red detail and traces it across the site.

South-westerly aspect looking through the planting to the canal in the distance

Central path leading from most westerly point runs straight to the Bridgewater Canal

Birds eye perspective of model shows the red detail spanning the canal

Viewpoints can be made using trees as a frame

Field Study_Planting After studying the site at a scale of 1:200, planting typologies will be explored and a definitive style identified. Attention will be paid to ecological elements as well as the aesthetic values that can be developed within Trafford Park.

Contents \\

1.

Site Survey \\ Significant Factors

2.

Agenda \\ Relation to Planting Design

3.

Precedent Planting \\ Bankside, London UK

4.

Planting Typology \\ Agroforestry

5.

Design Development \\ Planting Plan

6.

Planting \\ Definitive Example

7.

Tree Planting Plan \\ 1:200 @A0

8.

Herbaceous Planting Plan \\ 1:200 @A0

9.

Planting Plan \\ 1:200 @A0

Site Survey \\ Significant Factors

Site Specific

When considering a planting design, it is essential to take into account influencing factors such as existing vegetation and soil characteristics. Planting appeared to have developed through natural succession though it is highly probable that there would have been some tree and vegetation disturbance when the industrial units were erected. As the planting has been allowed to develop naturally the style has a haphazard appearance though it seems to be healthy. The vegetation was evident on both sides of the canal although there was a total absence of visible plant life on the canal itself.

- Total annual precipitation | 810mm

- Annual mean temperature | 9.4째c - Temperate marine climate with warm summers and cold winters

Pedestrian/cyclist access Some shading occurs from tall buildings

Prevailing westerly wind Open site good light levels

g

tin

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ee

ns

De n

tio

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ve Concrete absorbs and reflects heat

on

Existing barrier

nd

g

ea

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Concrete absorbs and reflects heat

sh ne

- Adequate drainage, compaction created over-

ap 1 ox pr

saturated points along towpath by pedestrians and cyclists

m

40

- Mature deciduous trees with self seeded

Soil Survey

zo

- Naturalised plant populations identified

rub

Existing Vegetation

Area potentially susceptible to downdraught

- Sandy loam friable texture, possibly due to build up of

perennial grasses dominated the vegetated

years of leaf mulch

areas

Pedestrian/cyclist access

- Trees included Birch, Sycamore, Lime, Oak, Beech

- pH 6.5-7 - Some stone and rubble visible from surface as well as

- Perennials included Nettle, Buttercup, Cow

food packaging litter and other waste material

Parsley, Bramble, Giant Hogweed, Great Plantain, Couch Grass, Rosebay Willow Herb

- Minimum turnover/disturbance of substrate layers

Site survey observations

Agenda \\ Relation to Planting Design R

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Diagram using three key words of individual agenda to consider their influence on the planting design strategy

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Precedent Planting \\ Bankside, London UK The Bankside development is designed around the Tate Modern. Planted in geometric copses ten feet wide and four-five times as long, the designer has played with confinement and expansiveness simultaneously, though a few trees have been allowed to escape the contained planted areas. On visiting the site, it was inspiring to see users interacting with the trees, weaving in and out as if creating a landscape tapestry. A new Bankside development has taken a similar approach, also using Birch as the dominant plant, though in this case planted with a dense undergrowth.

Dense undergrowth provides stimuli and interest Image source: Gillespies, 2012

Trees frame the space and create privacy Image source: Author’s Own, 2013

Perennial grasses are allowed to grow freely beneath the tree canopy Image source: Gillespies, 2013

Silver birch planted densely has a similar effect to an open hedge Image source: Author’s Own, 2013 Birch trees have been chosen for their symbolism in transforming from abandonment to renewal. As well as their characterful image they have been chosen for their ecological benefits such as soil remediation and quick establishment.

Birch Trees

Clumps of Trees

- Betula jacquemontii

- Fraxinus americana

Whitebarked Himalayan Birch

White Ash

- Betula maximowicziana Monarch Birch

- Fraxinus augustifolia Narrowleaf Ash

- Betula payrifera

- Platanus x acerifolia

Paper Birch - Betula pendula Silver Birch - Betula platyphylla var. ‘Szechuanica’ Szechuan White Birch

London Planetree - Platanus occidentalis American Planetree - Platanus orientalis Oriental Planetree

Planting either side of a path can create an enclosed tunnel effect

Planting Typology \\ Agroforestry Density can vary, creating little formality to the design Image source: Archdeacon, 2009

Agroforestry is the inspiration behind the planting design for Trafford Park. It is of particular value as it presents the opportunity to be functional as well as visual. Trees and plants work in sympathy with each other by improving nutrient efficiency, helping with water retention and offering protection. By using these systems and bringing together two typologies i.e. woodland and crop, a greater ecological experience can be appreciated.

integrated approach of using the interactive benefits from combining trees and shrubs with crops. It

(USDA National Agroforestry Centre, 2014)

Pear tree canopy helps to reduce the vigorous growth of comfrey

Pears and comfrey share pollinators with currants Garlic has an antiseptic quality

Diagram illustrating benefits of companion planting

Comfrey shades out weeds and grass, allowing nutrients to reach topsoil

Deep roots draw up nutrients

Deciduous trees allow underplanting to flourish in spring Image source: Rare Dispatches, 2010

combines agricultural and forestry technologies to create more diverse, productive, profitable, healthy, and sustainable land-use systems. A narrow definition of agroforestry is "trees on farms."

Corridor planting combines shrubs with trees Image source: CIRAD, 2009

An

Design Development \\ Planting Plan The planting plan design was developed from the movement marks recorded from the site. As the Bridgewater Canal is such an iconic feature of Trafford Park and is central to my 1:200 site, it felt appropriate to relate the concept to the planting. The marks were then developed into a workable planting plan.

Original ripples of the canal

Energy contained

Movement marks transferred to site plan

Rice grains represent planting areas

Rhythm introduced

Planted areas could be moulded into changing contours

Changing shapes developed

Angular shapes develop from softer contours

Planting \\ Definitive Example

Benefits of Planting Morus alba ‘Platanifolia’

Agroforestry has been selected for its functionality as well as aesthetic benefits. Plants are designed to support one another. Planting in blocks will allow the species to be fully appreciated for their colour, texture, shape and scent.

Morus nigra Morus alba ‘Platanifolia’ can be coppiced and poles produced Matteuccia struthiopteris

Provides shade, especially need by Allium and Matteuccia Morus nigra known for deep tap roots Suits growing within a crop

Allium ursinum

Includes a range of seasonal interest, especially from forager’s persepctive Creates antiseptic to provide plant health

Hibiscus syriacus

Provides edible fruits and flowers for harvesting (e.g. Allium, Hibiscus, Morus, Rubus) Extends aesthetic value into functional

Hosta ‘Shade Fanfare‘

Flowers encourage pollinating insects Utilises natural pest deterents (Thymus deters blackfly)

Rubus nepalensis

Thymus vulgaris Typical planting bed highlighting the distribution of plants

Latin Name

Tree Planting Plan \\ 1:200 @A0

4no Morus alba ‘Platanifolia’

6no Malus ‘James Grieve’

3no Morus nigra 12no Malus ‘James Grieve’ 5no Sorbus aucuparia ‘Cardinal Royal’ Ex

ist

in

4no Sorbus aucuparia ‘Cardinal Royal’

g

Bu

ild

in

g

1no Quercus robur ‘Fastigiata’

ist

ing

Bu

ild

ing

5no Pyrus communis ‘Red William’

8no Prunus domestica 8no Malus ‘James Grieve’

4no Malus domestica ‘Pixie’ Br

3no Ginkgo biloba

idg

3no Malus ‘James Grieve’

an

rC

ate

ew

4no Pyrus communis ‘Conference’

al

1no Juglans regia

3no Betula nigra 1no Juglans regia 14no Corylus avellana

1no Juglans regia

1no Quercus robur ‘Fastigiata’

2no Morus nigra 3no Betula pendula ‘Purpurea’

2no Morus alba ‘Platanifolia’

5no Corylus avellana

3no Prunus domestica

4no Acer campestre 1no Ginkgo biloba 9no Acer campestre

5no Castanea sativa Ex

7no Castanea sativa

ng

i ist

3no Betula ermanii

ing

ild Bu

0

2

4

8

12

20m

Eventual Height/ Spead (m)

Tree Size (BS)

Acer campestre

Field Maple

8/3

SS

Betula ermanii

Erman’s Birch

15-20/ 5-10

SS

Betula nigra

River Birch

10-15/ 5-10

Betula pendula ‘Purpurea’

Purple Birch

Corylus avellana

Girth (cm)

Supplied Height (ft)

Container Size (l)

No x Qty Transpl.

10-12

9-11

45

4

13

10-12

9-11

45

3

3

SS

10-12

9-11

45

3

3

10-15/ 5-10

SS

10-12

9-11

45

3

3

Common Hazel

6/6

HS

12-14

11-13

65

5

22

Corylus maxima ‘Purpurea’

Filbert

5/5

SS

10-12

9-11

45

3

19

Castanea sativa

Sweet Chestnut

12+/8+

HS

12-14

11-13

65

5

13

Ginkgo biloba

Maidenhair Tree

15/5

SS

10-12

9-11

45

3

4

Juglans regia

English Walnut

30/15

SM

18-20

17-19

250

8

2

Malus domestica ‘Pixie’

Apple ‘Pixie’

4-8/4-8

HS

12-14

11-13

65

5

10

Malus ‘James Grieve’

Apple ‘James Grieve’

6/4

SS

10-12

9-11

45

3

18

Morus alba ‘Platanifolia’

White Mulberry

5-10/5-10

SS

10-12

9-11

45

3

6

Morus nigra

Black Mulberry

10-15/ 5-10

SS

10-12

9-11

45

3

5

Prunus domestica

Plum

6/4

SS

10-12

9-11

45

3

11

Pyrus communis ‘Conference’

Conference Pear

7/5

HS

12-14

11-13

65

5

4

Pyrus communis ‘Red William’

William Pear

7/5

HS

12-14

11-13

65

5

5

Quercus robur ‘Fastigiata’

Cypress Oak

15/15

SM

18-20

17-19

250

8

2

Sorbus aucuparia ‘Cardinal Royal’

Rowan

10-15/ 5-10

SS

10-12

9-11

45

3

9

Trees

6no Malus domestica ‘Pixie’

Ex

Common Name

4no Acer campestre 1no Castanea sativa

Soil Specification All manufactured top soil will meet BS38882 2007 specification.

Weeds growing on existing original top soil on site will be treated with Glyphosate or equivalent and allowed 3 weeks to activate. This action is to be repeated if necessary, bearing in mind the product should be applied when the weeds are actively growing. Any plants in need of protection shall be screened to protect them.

The ground shall be prepared by scraping off existing top soil with an appropriately specified wide track type tractor. Existing top soil shall then be stock piled (max 1.3 metres height) on site ready for reapplication.

Tree pits are to be back filled with original soil that has been dug out mixed with ‘Urban Tree Soil’ aka ‘Amsterdam Soil’ and so reduce the need for imported soil.

The remainder of the beds will be filled with top soil to a depth of 400mm. Sterilised top soil (weed free) is to be used for the remainder of the beds..

19no Corylus maxima ‘Purpurea’

N.B. Tree diameters on planting plan are shown at 2/3 full size or after 10 years growth.

Tree pits are to be prepared between 300mm and 600mm (greater than the diameter of the rootball for the initial root growth).

See BS 4043 1989 recommendations for transplanting root balled trees.

Break up base soil up to 100mm within pit prior to positioning tree and backfilling with ‘Amsterdam Soil’ and tamping down.

Double stake and tie securing is to be used to anchor trees in position.

All trees to be supplied by Barchams Trees plc or other approved tree specialist. Contact Ellen Carvey www.barcham.com tel 01353 720950

Latin Name

Herbaceous Planting Plan \\ 1:200 @A0 45no Thymus vulgaris 45no Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’ 45no Cynara cardunculus 50no Allium ursinum 50no Rubus nepalensis 50no Thymus vulgaris

15no Hyssopus officinalis 15no Monarda fistulosa 15no Borago officinalis

14no Thymus vulgaris 14no Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’ 14no Cynara cardunculus

9no Matteuccia struthiopteris 9no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Hidcote’ 9no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Nana Alba’ 9no Hibiscus syriacus

an

rC al

ing

25no Hyssopus officinalis 25no Monarda fistulosa 25no Borago officinalis

24no Thymus vulgaris 24no Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’ 24no Cynara cardunculus

30no Duchesnia indica 30no Allium ursinium

20no Vaccinium macrocarpon ‘Pilgrim’ 20no Myrrhis odorata 20no Mentha spicata

12no Chameamelum nobile 12no Thymus pulegioides ‘Aureus’ 12no Primula veris 31no Cynara cardunculus 31no Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’ 31no Viola odorata 10no Chameamelum nobile 10no Thymus pulegioides ‘Aureus’ 10no Primula veris

12

20m

g

8

din

4

il Bu

2

ing

0

12no Rosa gallica var. officinalis 12no Thymus vulgaris 12no Hosta ‘Halycon’ 12no Dianthus gratianopolitanus

Soil Specification All manufactured top soil will meet BS38882 2007 specification.

Weeds growing on existing original top soil on site will be treated with Glyphosate or equivalent and allowed 3 weeks to activate. This action is to be repeated if necessary, bearing in mind the product should be applied when the weeds are actively growing. Any plants in need of protection shall be screened to protect them.

The ground shall be prepared by scraping off existing top soil with an appropriately specified wide track type tractor. Existing top soil shall then be stock piled (max 1.3 metres height) on site ready for reapplication.

Tree pits are to be back filled with original soil that has been dug out mixed with ‘Urban Tree Soil’ aka ‘Amsterdam Soil’ and so reduce the need for imported soil.

The remainder of the beds will be filled with top soil to a depth of 400mm. Sterilised top soil (weed free) is to be used for the remainder of the beds..

63

100

Ostrich Fern

1.7 / 1

5

78

Ferns Matteuccia struthiopteris

Ex

Latin Name

ist

in

g

Eventual Height/ Spead (m)

Container Size (l)

Qty

Perennials

g

Allium ursinum

Wild Garlic

0.1-0.5 / 0.1-0.5

3

651

Borago officinalis

Borage

0.6/0.45

3

419

Chamaemelum nobile

Chamomile

0.3/0.45

3

440

Cynara cardunculus

Cardoon

1.5/1.2

3

452

Dianthus gratianopolitanus

Carnation

0.15/0.4

3

207

45no Thymus vulgaris 9no Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’ 9no Cynara cardunculus

Duchesnea indica

Mock Strawberry

0.1/1.2

3

271

Hosta ‘Golden Tiara’

Plantain Lily

0.3/0.5

3

141

Hosta ‘Halcyon’

Plantain Lily

0.3-4/0.7

3

63

31no Nepeta ‘Six Hills Giant’ 8no Hosta ‘Golden Tiara’ 8no Myrrhis odorata

Hosta ‘Royal Standard’

Plantain Lily

0.6/1.2

3

47

Hosta ‘Shade Fanfare’

23no Matteuccia struthiopteris 23no Hosta ‘Shade Fanfare’ 23no Hibiscus syriacus 5no Hosta ‘Royal Standard’ 5no Symphytum officinale 5no Hibiscus syriacus 15no Thymus vulgaris 15no Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’ 15no Cynara cardunculus

Common Name

Bu

74no Allium ursinum 74no Rubus nepalensis 74no Thymus vulgaris

Plantain Lily

0.45/0.6

3

78

15no Thymus vulgaris 9no Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’ Mentha spicata 9no Cynara cardunculus

Spearmint

1/indefinite

3

100

Pineapple Mint

1/indefinite

3

238

19no Nepeta ‘Six Hills Giant’ 8no Hosta ‘Golden Tiara’ 8no Myrrhis odorata

Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’ Monarda fistulosa

Bergamot

0.3-1.2 / 0.3-0.8

Myrrhis odorata

Sweet Cicely

2/1.5

3

241

Catmint

0.9/0.6

3

141

Primula veris

Common Cowslip

0.25/0.25

3

440

Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’

Purple Sage

0.8/1

3

214

Sedum spectabile

Ice Plant

0.45/0.45

3

144

Sedum telephium

Orphine

0.6/0.3

3

144

Symphytum officinale Comfrey

1.5/2

3

47

Viola odorata

0.2/0/3

3

284

29no Thymus vulgaris Nepeta ‘Six Hills 9no Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’ Giant’ 9no Cynara cardunculus

79no Allium ursinum 79no Rubus nepalensis 79no Thymus vulgaris

ist Ex

37no Nepeta ‘Six Hills Giant’ 37no Hosta ‘Golden Tiara’ 37no Myrrhis odorata

33no Allium ursinum 33no Rubus nepalensis 33no Thymus vulgaris

5

39no Chameamelum nobile 39no Thymus pulegioides ‘Aureus’ 39no Primula veris

25no Cynara cardunculus 25no Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’ 25no Viola odorata

6no Viola odorata 6no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Hidcote’ 6no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Nana Alba’ 6no Hibiscus syriacus

0.8/1

657

12no Chameamelum nobile 12no Thymus pulegioides ‘Aureus’ 12no Primula veris

10no Nepeta ‘Six Hills Giant’ 10no Hosta ‘Golden Tiara’ 10no Myrrhis odorata

62no Hyssopus officinalis 62no Monarda fistulosa 62no Borago officinalis

Apothecary’s Rose

5

32no Allium ursinum 32no Rubus nepalensis 32no Thymus vulgaris

17no Nepeta ‘Six Hills Giant’ 17no Hosta ‘Golden Tiara’ 17no Myrrhis odorata

13no Matteuccia struthiopteris 13no Hosta ‘Shade Fanfare‘ 13no Hibiscus syriacus

Rosa gallica var. officinalis

5

18no Sedum spectabile 18no Sedum telephium 18no Dianthus gratianopolitanus 18no Borago officinalis

27no Nepeta ‘Six Hills Giant’ 27no Hosta ‘Golden Tiara’ 27no Myrrhis odorata

46

0.3/0.4

22no Chameamelum nobile 22no Thymus pulegioides ‘Aureus’ 22no Primula veris

3no Viola odorata 3no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Hidcote’ 3no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Nana Alba’ 3no Hibiscus syriacus

5

0.15-0.3 / 0.3

5no Hosta ‘Royal Standard’ 5no Symphytum officinale 5no Hibiscus syriacus

14no Rosa gallica var. officinalis 14no Thymus vulgaris 14no Hosta ‘Halycon’ 14no Dianthus gratianopolitanus

0.3/0.3

Cranberry

13no Rosa gallica var. officinalis 13no Thymus vulgaris 13no Hosta ‘Halycon’ 13no Dianthus gratianopolitanus

6no Matteuccia struthiopteris 6no Hosta ‘Shade Fanfare‘ 6no Hibiscus syriacus 39no Allium ursinum 39no Rubus nepalensis 39no Thymus vulgaris

Dwarf White English Lavender

Common Thyme

42no Duchesnia indica 42no Allium ursinium

9no Viola odorata 9no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Hidcote’ 9no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Nana Alba’ 9no Hibiscus syriacus

Lavandula angustifolia ‘Nana Alba’

Vaccinium macrocarpon ‘Pilgrim’

11no Hosta ‘Royal Standard’ 11no Symphytum officinale 11no Hibiscus syriacus

20no Cynara cardunculus 20no Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’ 20no Viola odorata

46

Thymus vulgaris

66no Sedum spectabile 66no Sedum telephium 66no Dianthus gratianopolitanus 66no Borago officinalis

53no Cynara cardunculus 53no Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’ 53no Viola odorata

5

440

79no Hyssopus officinalis 79no Monarda fistulosa 79no Borago officinalis

5no Hosta ‘Royal Standard’ 5no Symphytum officinale 5no Hibiscus syriacus

0.6/0.75

380

15no Matteuccia struthiopteris 15no Hosta ‘Shade Fanfare’ 15no Hibiscus syriacus

15no Chameamelum nobile 15no Thymus pulegioides ‘Aureus’ 15no Primula veris

Lavender

5

28no Sedum spectabile 28no Sedum telephium 28no Dianthus gratianopolitanus 28no Borago officinalis

20no Vaccinium macrocarpon ‘Pilgrim’ 20no Myrrhis odorata 20no Mentha spicata

419

Lavandula angustifolia ‘Hidcote’

5

21no Vaccinium macrocarpon ‘Pilgrim’ 21no Myrrhis odorata 21no Mentha spicata

ate ew

ild

171

5

0.25/0.3

in

idg

Bu

5

0.6/1

0.2/1

166no Duchesnia indica 166no Allium ursinium

9no Thymus vulgaris 9no Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’ 9no Cynara cardunculus

3/2

Hyssop

Lemon Thyme

Br

ing

Rose Mallow

Hyssopus officinalis

Nepalese Raspberry

ild

8no Vaccinium macrocarpon ‘Pilgrim’ 8no Myrrhis odorata 8no Mentha spicata

Hibiscus syriacus

Thymus pulegioides ‘Aureus’

18no Thymus vulgaris 18no Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’ 18no Cynara cardunculus

ist

Qty

Rubus nepalensis

16no Sedum spectabile 16no Sedum telephium 16no Dianthus gratianopolitanus 16no Borago officinalis

13no Matteuccia struthiopteris 13no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Hidcote’ 13no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Nana Alba’ 13no Hibiscus syriacus

Ex

Container Size (l)

16no Sedum spectabile 16no Sedum telephium 16no Dianthus gratianopolitanus 16no Borago officinalis

94no Hyssopus officinalis 94no Monarda fistulosa 94no Borago officinalis

8no Matteuccia struthiopteris 8no Hosta ‘Shade Fanfare’ 8no Hibiscus syriacus

Eventual Height/ Spead (m)

Shrubs

70no Allium ursinum 70no Rubus nepalensis 70no Thymus vulgaris

13no Matteuccia struthiopteris 13no Hosta ‘Shade Fanfare’ 13no Hibiscus syriacus

Common Name

14no Rosa gallica var. officinalis 14no Thymus vulgaris 14no Hosta ‘Halycon’ 14no Dianthus gratianopolitanus

20no Vaccinium macrocarpon ‘Pilgrim’ 20no Myrrhis odorata 20no Mentha spicata 33no Duchesnia indica 33no Allium ursinium 11no Vaccinium macrocarpon ‘Pilgrim’ 11no Myrrhis odorata 11no Mentha spicata 10no Rosa gallica var. officinalis 10no Thymus vulgaris 10no Hosta ‘Halycon’ 10no Dianthus gratianopolitanus 6no Viola odorata 6no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Hidcote’ 6no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Nana Alba’ 6no Hibiscus syriacus

N.B. Tree diameters on planting plan are shown at 2/3 full size or after 10 years growth.

Tree pits are to be prepared between 300mm and 600mm (greater than the diameter of the rootball for the initial root growth).

See BS 4043 1989 recommendations for transplanting root balled trees.

Break up base soil up to 100mm within pit prior to positioning tree and backfilling with ‘Amsterdam Soil’ and tamping down.

Double stake and tie securing is to be used to anchor trees in position.

All trees to be supplied by Barchams Trees plc or other approved tree specialist. Contact Ellen Carvey www.barcham.com tel 01353 720950

3no Hosta ‘Royal Standard’ 3no Symphytum officinale 3no Hibiscus syriacus 49no Cynara cardunculus 49no Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’ 49no Viola odorata

13no Hosta ‘Royal Standard’ 13no Symphytum officinale 13no Hibiscus syriacus 60no Cynara cardunculus 60no Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’ 60no Viola odorata

Sweet Violet

275

Latin Name

Planting Plan \\ 1:200 @A0 45no Thymus vulgaris 45no Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’ 45no Cynara cardunculus 50no Allium ursinum 50no Rubus nepalensis 50no Thymus vulgaris

15no Hyssopus officinalis 15no Monarda fistulosa 15no Borago officinalis 6no Malus domestica ‘Pixie’ 14no Thymus vulgaris 14no Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’ 14no Cynara cardunculus

4no Morus alba ‘Platanifolia’ 3no Morus nigra

16no Sedum spectabile 16no Sedum telephium 16no Dianthus gratianopolitanus 16no Borago officinalis

6no Malus ‘James Grieve’

39no Chameamelum nobile 39no Thymus pulegioides ‘Aureus’ 39no Primula veris

12no Malus ‘James Grieve’ 9no Matteuccia struthiopteris 9no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Hidcote’ 9no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Nana Alba’ 9no Hibiscus syriacus

5no Sorbus aucuparia ‘Cardinal Royal’

94no Hyssopus officinalis 94no Monarda fistulosa 94no Borago officinalis

8no Matteuccia struthiopteris 8no Hosta ‘Shade Fanfare’ 8no Hibiscus syriacus

16no Sedum spectabile 16no Sedum telephium 16no Dianthus gratianopolitanus 16no Borago officinalis 4no Sorbus aucuparia ‘Cardinal Royal’

166no Duchesnia indica 166no Allium ursinium

13no Matteuccia struthiopteris 13no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Hidcote’ 13no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Nana Alba’ 13no Hibiscus syriacus

21no Vaccinium macrocarpon ‘Pilgrim’ 21no Myrrhis odorata 21no Mentha spicata

ew idg Br

ing

ist

in

g

Bu

ild

in

g

1no Quercus robur ‘Fastigiata’

9no Thymus vulgaris 9no Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’ 9no Cynara cardunculus

25no Hyssopus officinalis 25no Monarda fistulosa 25no Borago officinalis

24no Thymus vulgaris 24no Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’ 24no Cynara cardunculus 20no Vaccinium macrocarpon ‘Pilgrim’ 20no Myrrhis odorata 20no Mentha spicata

30no Duchesnia indica 30no Allium ursinium

11no Hosta ‘Royal Standard’ 11no Symphytum officinale 11no Hibiscus syriacus

8no Prunus domestica

66no Sedum spectabile 66no Sedum telephium 66no Dianthus gratianopolitanus 4no Malus domestica ‘Pixie’ 66no Borago officinalis

53no Cynara cardunculus 53no Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’ 53no Viola odorata

3no Betula nigra 5no Castanea sativa

10no Chameamelum nobile 10no Thymus pulegioides ‘Aureus’ 10no Primula veris

42no Duchesnia indica 42no Allium ursinium

5no Hosta ‘Royal Standard’ 5no Symphytum officinale 5no Hibiscus syriacus

18no Sedum spectabile 18no Sedum telephium 18no Dianthus gratianopolitanus 18no Borago officinalis

25no Cynara cardunculus 25no Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’ 25no Viola odorata

3no Prunus domestica

3no Betula pendula ‘Purpurea’

14no Rosa gallica var. officinalis 14no Thymus vulgaris 14no Hosta ‘Halycon’ 14no Dianthus gratianopolitanus

1no Juglans regia 14no Corylus avellana

SS

10-12

9-11

45

4

13

10-12

9-11

45

3

Betula nigra

River Birch

10-15/ 5-10

3

SS

10-12

9-11

45

3

Betula pendula ‘Purpurea’

Purple Birch

3

10-15/ 5-10

SS

10-12

9-11

45

3

Corylus avellana

3

Common Hazel

6/6

HS

12-14

11-13

65

5

22

Corylus maxima ‘Purpurea’

Filbert

5/5

SS

10-12

9-11

45

3

19

Castanea sativa

Sweet Chestnut

12+/8+

HS

12-14

11-13

65

5

13

Ginkgo biloba

Maidenhair Tree

15/5

SS

10-12

9-11

45

3

4

Juglans regia

English Walnut

30/15

SM

18-20

17-19

250

8

2

Malus domestica ‘Pixie’

Apple ‘Pixie’

4-8/4-8

HS

12-14

11-13

65

5

10

Malus ‘James Grieve’

Apple ‘James Grieve’

6/4

SS

10-12

9-11

45

3

18

Morus alba ‘Platanifolia’

White Mulberry

5-10/5-10

SS

10-12

9-11

45

3

6

Morus nigra

Black Mulberry

10-15/ 5-10

SS

10-12

9-11

45

3

5

Prunus domestica

Plum

6/4

SS

10-12

9-11

45

3

11

Pyrus communis ‘Conference’

Conference Pear

7/5

HS

12-14

11-13

65

5

4

Pyrus communis ‘Red William’

William Pear

7/5

HS

12-14

11-13

65

5

5

Quercus robur ‘Fastigiata’

Cypress Oak

15/15

SM

18-20

17-19

250

8

2

Sorbus aucuparia ‘Cardinal Royal’

Rowan

10-15/ 5-10

SS

10-12

9-11

45

3

9

Bu ing

ild

3no Betula ermanii

ing

33no Allium ursinum 33no Rubus nepalensis 33no Thymus vulgaris

ist

37no Nepeta ‘Six Hills Giant’ 37no Hosta ‘Golden Tiara’ 37no Myrrhis odorata

6no Viola odorata 6no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Hidcote’ 6no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Nana Alba’ 6no Hibiscus syriacus

20m

Qty

Hibiscus syriacus

Rose Mallow

3/2

5

171

Hyssopus officinalis

Hyssop

0.6/1

5

419

Lavandula angustifolia ‘Hidcote’

Lavender

0.6/0.75

5

46

Lavandula angustifolia ‘Nana Alba’

Dwarf White English Lavender

0.3/0.3

5

46

Rosa gallica var. officinalis

5

63

5

380

Lemon Thyme

0.25/0.3

5

440

19no Nepeta ‘Six Hills Giant’ 8no Hosta ‘Golden Tiara’ 8no Myrrhis odorata

Thymus vulgaris

Common Thyme

0.15-0.3 / 0.3

5

657

Vaccinium macrocarpon ‘Pilgrim’

Cranberry

0.3/0.4

5

100

Ostrich Fern

1.7 / 1

5

78

Tree diameters on planting plan are shown at 2/3 full size or after 10 years growth.

Tree pits are to be prepared between 300mm and 600mm (greater than the diameter of the rootball for the initial root growth).

See BS 4043 1989 recommendations for transplanting root balled trees.

Break up base soil up to 100mm within pit prior to positioning tree and backfilling with ‘Amsterdam Soil’ and tamping down.

Double stake and tie securing is to be used to anchor trees in position.

All trees to be supplied by Barchams Trees plc or other approved tree specialist. Contact Ellen Carvey www.barcham.com tel 01353 720950

Container Size (l)

Qty

Wild Garlic

0.1-0.5 / 0.1-0.5

3

651

22no Chameamelum nobile 22no Thymus pulegioides ‘Aureus’ 22no Primula veris

Borago officinalis

Borage

0.6/0.45

3

419

Chamomile

0.3/0.45

3

440

79no Allium ursinum 79no Rubus nepalensis 79no Thymus vulgaris

Chamaemelum nobile Cynara cardunculus

Cardoon

1.5/1.2

3

452

Dianthus gratianopolitanus

Carnation

0.15/0.4

3

207

Duchesnea indica

Mock Strawberry

0.1/1.2

3

271

Hosta ‘Golden Tiara’

Plantain Lily

0.3/0.5

3

141

Hosta ‘Halcyon’

Plantain Lily

0.3-4/0.7

3

63

Hosta ‘Royal Standard’

Plantain Lily

0.6/1.2

3

47

Hosta ‘Shade Fanfare’

Plantain Lily

0.45/0.6

3

78

Mentha spicata

Spearmint

1/indefinite

3

100

Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’

Pineapple Mint

1/indefinite

3

238

Monarda fistulosa

Bergamot

0.3-1.2 / 0.3-0.8

Myrrhis odorata

Sweet Cicely

2/1.5

3

241

Nepeta ‘Six Hills Giant’

Catmint

0.9/0.6

3

141

Primula veris

Common Cowslip

0.25/0.25

3

440

Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’

Purple Sage

0.8/1

3

214

Ice Plant

0.45/0.45

3

144

Orphine

0.6/0.3

3

144

Symphytum officinale Comfrey

1.5/2

3

47

Viola odorata

0.2/0/3

3

284

7no Castanea sativa

N.B.

Eventual Height/ Spead (m)

Perennials

49no Cynara cardunculus Sedum spectabile 49no Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’ Sedum telephium 49no Viola odorata

19no Corylus maxima ‘Purpurea’

Common Name

Allium ursinum

3no Hosta ‘Royal Standard’ 3no Symphytum officinale 3no Hibiscus syriacus

1no Castanea sativa

Soil Specification All manufactured top soil will meet BS38882 2007 specification.

Weeds growing on existing original top soil on site will be treated with Glyphosate or equivalent and allowed 3 weeks to activate. This action is to be repeated if necessary, bearing in mind the product should be applied when the weeds are actively growing. Any plants in need of protection shall be screened to protect them.

The ground shall be prepared by scraping off existing top soil with an appropriately specified wide track type tractor. Existing top soil shall then be stock piled (max 1.3 metres height) on site ready for reapplication.

Tree pits are to be back filled with original soil that has been dug out mixed with ‘Urban Tree Soil’ aka ‘Amsterdam Soil’ and so reduce the need for imported soil.

The remainder of the beds will be filled with top soil to a depth of 400mm. Sterilised top soil (weed free) is to be used for the remainder of the beds..

Container Size (l)

0.2/1

5no Corylus avellana

10no Rosa gallica var. officinalis 10no Thymus vulgaris 10no Hosta ‘Halycon’ 10no Dianthus gratianopolitanus

4no Acer campestre

Eventual Height/ Spead (m)

0.8/1

32no Allium ursinum 32no Rubus nepalensis 32no Thymus vulgaris

11no Vaccinium macrocarpon ‘Pilgrim’ 11no Myrrhis odorata 11no Mentha spicata

12no Rosa gallica var. officinalis 12no Thymus vulgaris 12no Hosta ‘Halycon’ 12no Dianthus gratianopolitanus

Common Name

Nepalese Raspberry

12no Chameamelum nobile 12no Thymus pulegioides ‘Aureus’ 12no Primula veris

33no Duchesnia indica 33no Allium ursinium

6no Viola odorata 6no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Hidcote’ 6no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Nana Alba’ 6no Hibiscus syriacus

Ex

62no Hyssopus officinalis 62no Monarda fistulosa 62no Borago officinalis

12

SS

15-20/ 5-10

Apothecary’s Rose

1no Juglans regia

20no Vaccinium macrocarpon ‘Pilgrim’ 20no Myrrhis odorata 20no Mentha spicata

3no Viola odorata 3no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Hidcote’ 3no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Nana Alba’ 3no Hibiscus syriacus

27no Nepeta ‘Six Hills Giant’ 27no Hosta ‘Golden Tiara’ 27no Myrrhis odorata

13no Matteuccia struthiopteris 13no Hosta ‘Shade Fanfare‘ 13no Hibiscus syriacus

8

8/3

Erman’s Birch

Latin Name

74no Allium ursinum 74no Rubus nepalensis 74no Thymus vulgaris

14no Rosa gallica var. officinalis 14no Thymus vulgaris 14no Hosta ‘Halycon’ 14no Dianthus gratianopolitanus

9no Viola odorata 9no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Hidcote’ 9no Lavandula angustifolia ‘Nana Alba’ 9no Hibiscus syriacus

1no Ginkgo biloba

6no Matteuccia struthiopteris 6no Hosta ‘Shade Fanfare‘ 6no Hibiscus syriacus 39no Allium ursinum 39no Rubus nepalensis 39no Thymus vulgaris

4

Field Maple

Betula ermanii

struthiopteris

13no Rosa gallica var. officinalis 13no Thymus vulgaris 1no Quercus robur ‘Fastigiata’ 13no Hosta ‘Halycon’ 13no Dianthus gratianopolitanus 9no Acer campestre 17no Nepeta ‘Six Hills Giant’ 17no Hosta ‘Golden Tiara’ 17no Myrrhis odorata

2no Morus alba ‘Platanifolia’

2

Acer campestre

Girth (cm)

Rubus nepalensis 15no Thymus vulgaris 9no Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’ Thymus pulegioides 9no Cynara cardunculus ‘Aureus’

3no Ginkgo biloba

10no Nepeta ‘Six Hills Giant’ 10no Hosta ‘Golden Tiara’ 10no Myrrhis odorata

1no Juglans regia

2no Morus nigra

0

Container Size (l)

29no Thymus vulgaris Ferns 9no Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’ 9no Cynara cardunculus Matteuccia

5no Hosta ‘Royal Standard’ 5no Symphytum officinale 5no Hibiscus syriacus

15no Thymus vulgaris 15no Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’ 15no Cynara cardunculus

20no Cynara cardunculus 20no Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’ 20no Viola odorata

4no Acer campestre

23no Matteuccia struthiopteris 23no Hosta ‘Shade Fanfare’ 23no Hibiscus syriacus

8no Malus ‘James Grieve’

5no Hosta ‘Royal Standard’ 5no Symphytum officinale 5no Hibiscus syriacus

4no Pyrus communis ‘Conference’ 5no Pyrus communis ‘Red William’

31no Cynara cardunculus 31no Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’ 31no Viola odorata

31no Nepeta ‘Six Hills Giant’ 8no Hosta ‘Golden Tiara’ 8no Myrrhis odorata

79no Hyssopus officinalis 79no Monarda fistulosa 79no Borago officinalis

3no Malus ‘James Grieve’

12no Chameamelum nobile 12no Thymus pulegioides ‘Aureus’ 12no Primula veris

45no Thymus vulgaris 9no Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’ 9no Cynara cardunculus

28no Sedum spectabile 28no Sedum telephium 28no Dianthus gratianopolitanus 28no Borago officinalis

20no Vaccinium macrocarpon ‘Pilgrim’ 20no Myrrhis odorata 20no Mentha spicata

15no Chameamelum nobile 15no Thymus pulegioides ‘Aureus’ 15no Primula veris

Tree Size (BS)

Shrubs

15no Matteuccia struthiopteris 15no Hosta ‘Shade Fanfare’ 15no Hibiscus syriacus

l

ild

Ex

na

Bu

Ca

ing

r ate

8no Vaccinium macrocarpon ‘Pilgrim’ 8no Myrrhis odorata 8no Mentha spicata ist

Supplied Height (ft)

Latin Name

18no Thymus vulgaris 18no Salvia officianalis ‘Purpurascens’ 18no Cynara cardunculus

Ex

Eventual Height/ Spead (m)

No x Transpl.

Qty

Trees

70no Allium ursinum 70no Rubus nepalensis 70no Thymus vulgaris

13no Matteuccia struthiopteris 13no Hosta ‘Shade Fanfare’ 13no Hibiscus syriacus

Common Name

13no Hosta ‘Royal Standard’ 13no Symphytum officinale 13no Hibiscus syriacus 60no Cynara cardunculus 60no Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’ 60no Viola odorata

Sweet Violet

275

Trafford Park_1:50 Using the 1:200 design, materiality will now be explored. Pattern and movement will continue to influence decisions as well as environmental factors and aesthetics.

Contents \\

1.

Detailed Design \\ 1:50@A1

2.

Building \\ Character and Function

3.

Paving Arrangements \\ Precedents

4.

Paving Arrangements \\ Design Development

5.

Surface Drainage \\ Site Plan

6.

Surface Drainage \\ Rationalisation

7.

Lighting \\ Precedents

8.

Lighting \\ Form and Function

9.

Bespoke Element \\ Precedents

10.

Bespoke Element \\ Detailing

Towpath

Materiality Plan 1:50@A1

+25.4

+25.6

+25.7

25.0 Fine grade self binding granite gravel supplied by IMAG and sourced in UK

Wall Lighting

+25.5

Raised planting area Pathway Promenade +25.4 ‘Eclipse’ 297x297x25mm granite cut stone in light grey, in running bond pattern with edging stones in dark grey. Supplied by Marshalls, ethically sourced. Aluminium edge restraint 100mm height, supplied in 2500mm lengths, 70mm horizontal width and 6.5mm top edge thickness to be used between paving and planting. Mill finish.

Supplied by Exceledge. Galvanised steel duo slot drain system, supplied by Marshalls in 1000mm lengths.

+25.9

+26.0

+25.8

+25.9

+25.6

Sloping perennial grass planting +25.7

Saunter Pathway

+25.4

600x200mm light grey granite and basalt aggregate mix paving, each row starting 200mm in from previous row with dark grey 100x200mm paving in same material at irregular intervals, both 80mm thick.

Supplied by Aggregate Industries, manufactured in Germany. +24.8 supplied by 30-50mm silver grey pebbles edge both sides 300mm, Gravel Master, sourced in Scotland. Aluminium edge restraint 100mm height, supplied in 2500mm lengths, 70mm horizontal width and 6.5mm top edge thickness to be used between paving, pebbles and planting. Mill finish. Supplied by Exceledge. French drain concealed beneath pebble edge.

+25.3 Column Lighting

+25.3 +25.5 Saunter Pathway

Drift Pathway Enclosure Walling Solitary Pathway

+25.8

25.1

+25.7

+25.6

+25.5

Sloping agroforestry planting bed

+25.8

+25.2 Floor Lighting

+25.7 Raised planting area

+25.1 Sloping agroforestry planting bed

Drift Pathway

+24.8 600x200mm light grey granite and basalt aggregate mix paving with dark grey 100x200mm at irregular intervals, both 80mm thick.

Supplied by Aggregate Industries, manufactured in Germany. ‘Eclipse’ 297x297x25mm granite cut stone in dark grey edge either side.

Supplied by Marshalls, ethically sourced. Aluminium edge restraint 100mm height, supplied in 2500mm lengths, 70mm horizontal width +25.0 and 6.5mm top edge thickness to be used between paving and planting. Mill finish. Supplied by Exceledge. Galvanised steel duo slot drain system, supplied by Marshalls in 1000mm lengths.

Solitary Pathway

Wall Lighting

Wall Lighting

600x200x80mm light grey granite and basalt aggregate mix paving, +25.2 200mm in from previous row, with stones extending each row starting 15mm into the planting area at irregular intervals. Dark grey 100x200x80mm laid at irregular intervals. Supplied by Aggregate Industries, manufactured in Germany. Concealed french drain at edge of pathway.

+25.2

Promenade Pathway

+25.4

+25.6

+25.0

+25.1

Open Plaza

+25.0

‘Eclipse’ 297x297x25mm granite cut stone in dark grey, in running bond pattern. Supplied by Marshalls, ethically sourced. +24.9 Enclosure Walling Floor Lighting

Bespoke cut welsh slate walling in traditional blue-black colour with polished finish and tight 2mm join tolerance. Dimensions as per each wall specification (min height 100mm, max height 900mm). Each piece to be no more than 500mm wide. Supplied by Blaeneau Slate North +24.9 Wales.

Contemporary Signature Structure

+25.3

+25.6 +25.5

Column Lighting

+25.6

+25.0

Column Lighting

Towpath

25.0

+24.8 diameter at widest Column bespoke luminaire 4000mm height, 170mm point. Inspired by ALS Lighting design for Galindez Slope, Bilbao Spain. Stainless steel body with toughened glass luminaire casing. To be positioned no closer than 3000m to trunk of tree in planting beds and spaced every 5m along canal towpath.

Sloping agroforestry planting bed Wall Lighting

Sloping agroforestry planting bed

+25.1

25.7

‘Oslo external’ recessed LED wall lighting with dimmable specification.

Rectangular stainless steel frame 95x75x52mm. Supplied by John Cullen Lighting. To be positioned using centre of wall as base position and spacing every 3m either side from centre of+24.7 central wall light +25.5

Open Plaza

+25.2

Street Furniture

Floor Lighting

Street Furniture

+25.2 +24.9

+25.6

+24.8

‘Torin’ recessed LED path lighting with dimmable specification and optional beam angles. Stainless steel housing and luminaire frame +24.7 69.5mm∅ 130mm depth. To be spaced every 1188mm (centre of every fourth stone). Supplied by John Cullen Lighting. To be positioned on one side of all pathways.

Contemporary Signature Structure GFRG bespoke feature constructed in component sections and fixed on site by skilled GFRG manufacturers contracted from ‘Sinergis’ (GFRG specialists).

Enclosure Walling 0

1

2

3

4

5

10m

Street Furniture

+25.0 +24.9

+24.8

FSC hardwood and corten steel Streetlife+24.7 ‘green benches’ and ‘corTen seat strips’ incorporate seating, vegetation and bicycle storage.

Building \\ Character & Function Large industrial units stand parallel to the canal dominating the skyline with little to distract from their presence. A spreading apex roof covers the characterless vast shape and disproportionately large doors. A contemporary green wall will effectively distract attention from the industrial blandness providing screening as well as contributing to wildlife habitat and helping building temperature management. This design component frames the site and allows the gaze to continue to travel above eye level gaining a different perspective, the element of enclosure contributes to a protective ambience.

Building entrances are of an imposing scale. There is little to identify the approach other than the bold use of colour.

Entrances are concealed and uninviting. Materials suggest anonymity.

Wire supports can progressively create a screen of plants over a period of time.

Alternatively full instant impact, green walls can enhance an otherwise bland building.

Ecological advantages and aesthetic improvements can be achieved by introducing green walls. Sections of the facade can be selected according to design criteria. Leaving exposed sections of building can be a gentle reminder as to what lies beyond the green wall. Industry is at the core of Traord Park’s identity and would be inappropriate to try and hide this completely.

Paving Arrangements \\ Precedents Pattern, size and edging all play a part in considering the design of paving arrangements.

Scholars’ Green Park by gh3

Keene State Science Center Courtyard

by Dirtworks PC

Shoemaker Green by Andropogon Associates

Vicovaro by Alessandra Centroni and Luca Peralta Studio

Trump Towers by DS Landscape

High Line by Corner Field Operations

Where paths meet, a decision has to be made as to how to determine which path has the greater hierarchy.

Combining different paving designs can produce a visually stimulating effect as well as act as a guide to navigation.

Edging with a contrasting colour and size defines direction and provides a clean line.

A pebble edge can have aesthetic value as well as functionality. Incorporating a french drain beneath the surface aids run off without compromising on design.

Using stone paving in a linear manner gives the illusion of an increased width. Spacing between each strip can introduce a new dimension.

Allowing the planting to merge with the hardscape brings nature to those who choose to use the space. A connection is formed.

Paving Arrangements \\ Design Development Using the paving precedents for inspiration, paving designs began to develop.

There was a strong pull towards a plank pattern, edging options were considered depending on the desired effect.

Long planks interspaced with narrow strips of smaller stone. Depending on colour used, this can create an intense rhythm or soft stroll. A defined edge oers little distraction.

Greater emphasis could be placed on the edge, particularly where space permits.

Wide planks worked with alternating narrower planks. The edge could be irregularly spaced or have a rhythmic pattern.

Open spaces that join paths may be defined by angling the paving against the edge detail. The same stone or colour could be considered to maintain the character of the space.

An irregular edge could be made regular using pebbles to form a frame.

Random planks could be interspersed with grass or other vegetation for a more natural eect. Plants would have to be carefully selected in order to manage growth.

Surface Drainage \\ Site Plan Drainage will be dealt with through a gradual fall across the site leading away from the canal. A 1 in 80 gradient will allow the water to drain sufficiently without having any dramatic level changes.

25.5 25.8

25.3 25.6 24.8 25.5

25.0 25.1 25.2 25.4

25.6

24.9

25.0 25.2

25.4

24.7

24.8

Arrows indicate the direction of water flow with spot heights highlighting the levels above sea.

Surface Drainage \\ Rationalisation Meets SUDS requirements is an important factor when dealing with runoff. www.marshalls.co.uk/watermanagement Sales Office: 0845 3020400 Technical and Design Team: 0845 3020606 Email: designteam@marshalls.co.uk Manufacturing Standards: see page 19

Paving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 22 Block Paving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 76 Machine Lay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 114 Water Management . . . . . . . . . page 136

WMSD06

Kerb, Channel & Edging . . . . page 212 Traffic Management . . . . . . . . . page 250 Walling & Masonry . . . . . . . . . . . page 342

Duo Slot Drain

Using the pebble edging as an open french drain is aesthetically pleasing as well as efficient at permitting surface water to drain naturally. Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) can be used in most soils.

Slot Drainage System Stone

Grade level

Cloth a growth in demand amongst specifiers and contractors ■ We’reFilter experiencing for more cost-effective, less complicated and more aesthetically driven linear drainage systems.

#57 Gravel

Sock ■ We’veFilter aligned our linear drainage strategy with these market trends, and to this end we’ve value engineered our Duo Slot Drain solution.

Filter Cloth 4” Perforated

Lined Trench ■ OurADS innovative engineering enables our Duo galvanised steel Slot Drain top to Tubing sit on a Landscape Drain channel. This provides a variety of invert depths and a comprehensive range of accessories.

Above ground, little is given away as to what lies beneath the pebbles.

■ Marshalls Duo Slot Drain is ideally suited for all paved areas where discreet yet A french drain is a reliable and effective method at efficient linear drainage is required from prestigious pedestrian schemes to

managing surface run off.

A transverse gradient would be applied to the selected paths.

motorway crossovers. With a loading classification of D400 they are also suitable for a number of trafficking applications.

■ For increased flexibility Duo Slot Drain tops are available in both 500mm and 1000mm lengths.

Applying the slot drain to either side of the path avoids breaking into the line of the intended pavement pattern.

Available in 1000mm lengths, and as a single or duo system depending on the bearing load.

A slot drain is discrete and can be used transversely or longitudinally.The stainless steel finish is sympathetic to the industrial activity of the area.

The slot drain appearance blends well with stone. It is neat and unobtrusive

Lighting \\ Precedents High design matched with technical precision acts as the basis for form and function coming together. When selecting luminaries, it is important to consider factors beyond the appearance including; energy efficiency, safety indicators and environmental factors such as light pollution.

Column lighting can be incorporated within the planting to illuminate foliage. Using angled arms enables the light to extend over the maximum distance possible, acting as a security deterrent and creating a safer environment.

< Walkways at Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain by MartĂ­nez LapeĂąa-Torres Arquitectos with Miguel Usandizaga

Wall lighting can compliment flush floor lights. The lights can be positioned so as to direct the beam, without creating glare or picking up on unwanted features such as detritus or debris. Used appropriately, they could mark the location of seating or a change in direction.

< William Buckley Bridge by Peter Elliot Architecture + Urban Design

Using a variety of luminaries creates the opportunity to enhance the landscape environment. Lighting could be incorporated for aesthetic purposes, function such as illuminating a route or as a safety measure to highlight changes in levels or direction.

< Zhengzhou Vanke City Gallery, China by Locus Associates

Spotlights can emphasise the direction of travel. Spacing between each light will influence this as well as the levels of light emitted. Flush fixtures maintain a level surface, increasing the safety as well as retaining the path width.

< Stations Area Almere Centraal, The Netherlands by OKRA Landscape Architecture

Lighting \\ Form and Function The aim is to maximise photometric performance, minimise light pollution, focus light where it is needed and use the latest energy efficient technologies.

An alternative to lighting a footpath, inset wall lights can oďŹ&#x20AC;er an unobtrusive functional design

Flush fixtures have been chosen to blend seamlessly with column lighting designed to create impact.

As the seasons progress the column lights will cast diďŹ&#x20AC;ering shadows

Neat and simple, the lines of the design are not compromised by these flush floor lights

Lighting will predominantly come from three directions, ground upwards, wall outwards and column downwards.

Bespoke Element \\ Precedents

Park G端ell, Barcelona Spain

As movement was an aesthetic that has continued throughout the design development process, it felt appropriate to carry on the theme into the design of a bespoke structure. Precedents highlighted the range of settings, a linear beachfront, high into the hilltops or on relatively flat ground. This confirmed the uniqueness to each design and how it is important to take into consideration the existing setting, including level changes and existing vegetation.

The snaking bench of Gaudi lines the edge of the landscape. Maintaining a constant level allows the vista beyond to be enjoyed without any interruptions.

Littlehampton Beach, West Sussex UK The 324 metre long bench winds its sinuous way along the seafront at Littlehampton, creating a playful sculpture combined with functional seating.

The Red Folding Paper in the Greenway, Hebei Province China An otherwise green landscape is brought to life by combining art and outdoor furniture. The vibrant colour creates a pull through the space. The change in height allows the eye to bounce across the landscape

Bespoke Element \\ Detailing Front Elevation

Cross Section

1:20@A1

1:20@A1

Epoxy coated GRFP to be fixed to beam with proprietary fixing system (TBC by contractor) PANTONE Poppy Red 17-1664 TCX

Paving Slab 297x297x25 0/6 Crushed Stone C25 Concrete

Paving Slab 297x297x25 0/6 Crushed Stone C25 Concrete

0/20 Crushed Stone

0/20 Crushed Stone

Existing Soil

Existing Soil

Plan View 1:20@A1

Paving Slab 297x297x25

Epoxy coated GRFP to be fixed to beam with proprietary fixing system (TBC by contractor) PANTONE Poppy Red 17-1664 TCX

0

2

4

6

8

10

15

20m

Epoxy coated GRFP to be fixed to beam with proprietary fixing system (TBC by contractor) PANTONE Poppy Red 17-1664 TCX

Bibliography \\

All Watched over by Machines of Loving Grace, 2011. [TV programme recording] BBC, BBC2, 30 May 2011 21:00. Available through: Box of Broadcasts database [Accessed 25 October 2013].

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Britain From Above, 2011. [TV programme recording] BBC, BBC2, 4 March 2011 20:30. Available through: Box of Broadcasts database [Accessed 2 October 2013].

Coverley, M. 2010. Psychogeography, Harpenden: Pocket Essentials Crandell, G. 2013. Tree Gardens: Architecture and the forest. New York: Princeton Architectural Press Darke, R. 2002. The American woodland garden: Capturing the spirit of the deciduous forest. Cambridge: Timber Press De Bono, E. 1970. Lateral Thinking. London: Penguin Books Ltd De Zegher, C. 2001. The Activist Drawing: Retracing Situationist Architectures from Constant's New Babylon to beyond. London: MIT Press Digimap, 2014. Trafford Park, 1:1200. EDINA Digimap [Online]. Available through: Manchester Metropolitan University Library http://digimap.edina.ac.uk/ancientroam/ historic [Accessed 10 December 2013].

Dunnett, N., Hitchmough, J. 2004. The dynamic landscape. London: Spon Press Gandelsonas, M. 1991. The Urban Text. London: MIT Press Gerritsen, H. 2008. Essay on gardening. Amsterdam: Architectura & Natura Press Johns, T. 2013. Prospective Green Infrastructure, 1D6Z0401 Landscape Studio 3.1. Manchester Metropolitan University, unpublished Lynch, K., Hack, G., 1984. The Art of Site Planning In: E Swaffield. 2002. Theory in Landscape Architecture. Philadelphia: University of Philadelphia Press. Part II p37.

Mabey, R. 1973. The Unofficial Countryside. Dorset: Little Toller Books McCandless, D. 2009. Information is Beautiful. London: Collins Nassauer, J.I., 1995. Messy Ecosystems, Orderley Frames In: E Swaffield. 2002. Theory in Landscape Architecture. Philadelphia: University of Philadelphia Press. Part V pp196-206.

Nevell, M. 2013. Industrial Archaeology of Trafford Park, 1D6Z0401 Landscape Studio 3.1. Manchester Metropolitan University, unpublished

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Ruff, A., 1982. An ecological approach In: E Swaffield. 2002. Theory in Landscape Architecture. Philadelphia: University of Philadelphia Press. Part V pp175-177.

Sadler, S. 1999. The Situationist City. London: MIT Press Self, W. 2007. Psychogepgraphy. London: Bloomsbury Thayer, R., 189. Gray World, Green Heart In: E Swaffield. 2002. Theory in Landscape Architecture. Philadelphia: University of Philadelphia Press. Part V pp189-195.

Treib, m., 1995. Must Landscapes Mean? In: E Swaffield. 2002. Theory in Landscape Architecture. Philadelphia: University of Philadelphia Press. Part III pp89-101.

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Wansborough, M. 2013. Planning Trafford Park, 1D6Z0401 Landscape Studio 3.1. Manchester Metropolitan University, unpublished Woodward, J., 1997. Signature-Based Landscape Design In: E Swaffield. 2002. Theory in Landscape Architecture. Philadelphia: University of Philadelphia Press. Part VI pp213-215.