HO CHI MINH AND ROTTERDAM CLIMATE ADAPTATION PARTNERSHIP
HO CHI MINH CITY Moving towards the sea Adaptation with climate change 1
DEVELOPMENT OF HO CHI MINH CITY
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Introduction Area: 2095 km2 Population: approximately 10 million GDP: $28,595 billion (estimated in the end of 2012)
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Location • HCM city located in the delta area formed by the Dong Nai and Saigon Rivers. •An average elevation of 0.5 – 1 m above sea level • The city centre lies about 60 kilometres from the East Sea.
• A strong connection to the delta. • The city has functioned as an important commercial seaport.
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Development
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International Cooperation for Development Ho Chi Minh city has much in common with Rotterdam: location, role in national economy, moving ports from center towards the sea… Experiences from Rotterdam are highly relevant and valuable to Ho Chi Minh city
We want to learn from Rotterdam approach
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2011
Cooperation since 2009
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2009
Objective
To enable and guide the long-term sustainable socio-economic development of HCMC towards the sea & To take into account the effects of climate change.
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Main project deliverables
Review of existing programs, plans and strategies (ATLAS) Development of Climate Adaptation Strategy (CAS) Development of Action Plan (AP)
Learning by doing: 4. Awareness raising and capacity building (TRAINING) 9
POTENTIALS & CHALLENGES
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Potentials of urban development
Dynamic and creative city Rapid economic growth
Strategic location Waterfront development
Stable soil in north-west
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Challenges: urban development High demand for housing and urban services Pressure on land and water
Traffic congestion Quality of environment and public health Urban flooding 12
Challenges: climate change impacts
Sea level rise
increase flood risks and salt intrusion
Rise in temperature of air and water quality
higher temperature and deterioration
Extreme precipitation events
Change in river runoffs
increase flooding frequence
Land subsidence
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ROTTERDAM APPROACH Include all sectors for synergy and multifunctional solutions Involve stakeholders to create awareness and commitment
Save costs by linking with ongoing and planned developments Use tailor-made solutions, no blue prints
Connecting water with opportunities
Develop flexible pathways to deal with uncertainties
ADAPTATION HAS ALREADY STARTED
• Green roofs and walls • Waterplazas • Underground water storage • Open water storage • Greening • …
Waterplein Benthemplein
Groene daken
Waterberging (roeibaan)
Waterplein Bellamyplein
Drijvend bouwen
And more: • Knowledge development • (Inter)national cooperation • Decision support tools • …
Involved Departments Department of Natural Resources and Environment Department of Agriculture and Rural Development Department of Construction Department of Transportation Department of Zoning and Architecture
Flood Control Steering Centre
7 Principles of Climate Adaptation Strategy Ho Chi Minh City Principle 1: Development orientation based on flood risk and soil conditions Principle 2: Stepwise approach
Principle 3: Community based solutions for local flooding Principle 4: Manage groundwater extraction to reduce subsidence Principle 5: reduce urban heat island effect Principle 6: Reduce salt intrusion
Testing Strategy on Pilot Study Areas District 4 Highly urbanized area with existing port planned for relocation towards the sea
Testing Strategy on Pilot Study Areas Nha Be district (Hiep Phuoc) – Low lying rural area being developed for port activities and industrial infrastructure
Outcomes Apart from Atlas – CAS – Action Plan also: Awareness Training First step in cross-sectoral planning
Next steps Increase awareness among district staff and private sector Mainstreaming CAS principles in planning and procedures Capacity building
Evaluation
Success factors Challenges Replicability Recommendations