!asopis Udru"enja za #irenje i unapre$enje klasi%ne homeopatije - “Simillimum” Beograd
SIMILLIMUM TIMES Godina 2014-2015 Vol. 6, No. 4 Jun 2015
PRE RASPUSTA .... DOLAZE ISPITI
SADRŽAJ Najava seminara Filipa Bejlija
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(Homeopatija i psihologija na primeru Lacs porodice)
Znate da li je moguć spoj Junga i homeopatije
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Intervju sa Andreasom Bjrondalom (preuzeto iz ”Živeti zdravije”, broj 72, 2015
Ludvig van Betoven – homeopatski profil
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Autor: dr Franc Svoboda Priredila: Vesna Erceg
Brzi vodič za homeopatske lekove
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Pripremila: Vesna Ristivojević Preuzeto iz knjiger ”Iscelitelj u svakom domu” – Bagbati Lennihan
Attention Deficit Hyperavtivity Disorder
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Author: Damir Pejin Hpathy Ezine, August 15, 2010 (preuzeto 2.6.2015.)
Letnja škola ”Simillimum 2015” (Agenda)
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NAJAVA SEMINARA Dr Filip Bejli (Australija) MLEKA U HOMEOPATIJI I NJIHOVA DIFERENCIJALNA DIJAGNOZA Imamo priliku i zadovoljstvo da objavimo međunarodni seminar svetski poznatog homeopate DR FILIPA BEJLIJA, iz Australije, u organizaciji Udruženja za širenje i unapređenje klasične homeopatije ”Simillimum” iz Beograda. Ovo je njegov prvi dolazak u Beograd. Želja mu je da podeli sa nama svoja iskustva i znanja iz ugla psihologije mleka sa prikazom slučajeva. Vreme održavanja seminara SUBOTA 13.6.2015. NEDELJA 14.6.2015. PONEDELJAK 15.6.2015.
početak u 9.30, završetak u 18 sati početak u 9.30, završetak u 18 sati početak u 9.30, završetak u 17 sati
LOKACIJA Beograd, Hotel ”Life design”, Balkanska br. 18 (Organizator seminara zadržava pravo promene lokacije o čemu će učesnici biti blagovremeno obavešteni) KONTAKT Udruženje za širenje i unapređenje klasične homeopatije ”Simillimum” Beograd, Džordža Vašingtona 28/II sprat Radno vreme: Radnim danom od 16 do 20 sati i subotom od 9 do 13 sati. Telefon / Faks: + 381 (0)11-3228.238 Mobilni telefon: + 381 (0) 64-3067.465 Web sajt: www.simillimum.edu.rs e-mail: simillimumbgd@gmail.com ISHOD Učesnici seminara dobijaju sertifikat u trajanju od 24 sata. Predavanja su na engleskom sa konsekutivnim prevodom na srpski jezik. USLOVI UČEŠĆA • Redovni studenti ”Simillimuma” plaćaju svoju redovnu članarinu • Alumni studenti ”Simillimuma” - 90 € • Gosti: Plaćanje do 20.5.2015. - 150 € Plaćanje posle 20.5.2015. - 180 € • Grupni popust: za 5 i više učesnika umanjuje se cena o za uplate do 20.5.2015 - 120 € po učesniku, o za uplate posle 20.5.2015 - 150 € po učesniku. • Stranci plaćaju isključivo na blagajni neposredno pred početak seminara (prethodnom najavom do 20.4.2014. ostvaruju popust prema gornjim uslovima).
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PLAĆANJE Direktno na blagajni Udruženja ili preko računa Primalac: Udruženje ”Simillimum”, Beograd Svrha: Članarina Račun Udruženja: 250-1360000295060-35
DOBRO DOŠLI! Dr Filip Bejli (Philip Bailey MD) je autor knjiga “Homeopatska psihologija”, “Carcinosin-klinička Materia Medica” i “Remedije od mleka u praksi”. Radi u Australiji kao lekar, klasični homeopata i psihoterapeut, i njegovi psihološki uvidi su mu pomogli da razvije mnoge nove slike homeopatskih preparata, bazirane na kliničkom iskustvu sa homeoapatskim pacijentima.
Mleka u homeopatiji i njihova diferencijalna dijagnoza Filip će prezentovati na seminaru Mleka u homeopatiji , koristeći svoje video slučajeve. Teme koje će seminar pokriti su : • stanje žrtve • duh/materija rascep • spasavanje • majka-dete • nepravda/dogmatizam • feminizam Video slučajevi će biti korišćeni da ilustuju karakteristike remedija kao što su: • Lac caninum • Lac felinum • Lac equis • Lac delphinum • Lac defloratum • Lac leoninum • Lac humanum Video slučajevi će takođe biti korišćeni i u svrhu diferencijacije u slučajevima mleka, i njihovo poređenje sa sličnim homeopatskim preparatima. Primer: Poređenje video slučaja Lac felinuma sa slučajem Sepie i Carcinosinuma.
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Preuzeto iz
ZNATE LI DA JE MOGUĆ SPOJ JUNGA I HOMEOPATIJE? Intevju sa ANDREASOM BJORNDALOM
Andreas N. Bjorndal radi kao homeopata već 35 godina, a predaje na Norveškoj akademiji za prirodnu medicinu (Norsk Akademi for Naturmedisin, NAN) od 1987. godine. Sada je na mestu njenog rukovodioca. Ovaj ugledni homeopata gostovao je u maju u Udruženju „Simillimum“, gde je održao seminar (29, 30. i 31. maja 2015. godine). Intervju vodili: Jelena Stijak („Simillimum“) Goran Kojić (urednik „Živeti zdravije“)
IZAZOVI NAS ČINE SNAŽNIJIM
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Živeti zdravije (ŽZ): Kako je homeopatija došla u vaš život i kako ste se odlučili da je primenjujete? Andreas Bjorndal (AB): Završio sam Akademiju, istu ovu koju ja danas vodim. Imao sam interesovanja za medicinu i filozofiju od ranog detinjstva. Moji roditelji i njihovi roditelji si mi izlagali razne ideje, verovanja i na kraju predlagali i komplementarnu medicinu. U ranim tinejdžerskim godinama čitao sam sve što je imalo bilo kakve veze sa istorijom religije, teozofijom, antropozofijom, iridologijom, refleksologijom, nutricionizmom. Vežbao sam jogu i postao vegetarijanac. Razmišljao sam da postanem psiholog, zubar ili lekar a završio sam kao homeopata. Tokom prve godine studija imao sam jedinstveno iskustvo da primenjujem hoemopatiju u ordinaciji alopatskog lekara. On je želeo da nauči homeopatiju i zajedno smo lečili mnoge akutne slučajeve, koje ređe viđamo u homeopatskom radu. Takođe, još tokom studija išao sam na praksu u južnu Francusku, a nakon toga dobio sam od Džona Morgana, direktora Helios farmacije, komplet koji je sadržao 100 najčešće korišćenig homeopatskih lekova sa najvišom potencijom 30C. Kada sam završio studije, zamenio sam homeopatkinju koja je otišla na trudničko odsustvo. Radio sam godinu dana, a nakon toga zasnovao privatnu praksu. O KAMPANJI PROTIV HOMEOPATIJE ŽZ: Koje je vaše razmišljanje o kampanji protiv homeopatije u Evropi i argumentima protivnika vezanim za razređenje homeopatskih lekova, potencinje, doziranje i slično? AB: To je velika tema. Ja lično volim izazove i uvek pozdravljam sumnjičava pitanja. Ali mnoga od njih zapravo ne traže odgovor, već samo razlog da se diskriminiše homeopatija. To je organizovana kampanja, skoro potpuno predvidiva. Propala je u Velikoj Britaniji, nedavno i u Australiji i sada se odvija u Sjedinjenim
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Američkim Državama. Ko to radi? Moglo bi se reći „prati put novca“ i naći ćeš izvor. ŽZ: Ti skeptici, humanisti i naučnici (u religijskom smislu naučnici) su umešani u nekakvu zaštitu pacijenata od nadrilekarstva, placeba. Kako odgovoriti na to? AB: Izazovi nas čine snažnijima. Homeopate moraju biti kompetentni da bi bili snažni u ovakvoj vrsti napada. Moramo da se obratimo javnosti i objasnimo ograničenost stavova tih skeptika. Moramo biti u stanju da odgovorimo na pitanja, na ozbiljan i jasan način. Moramo razumeti da živimo u vremenu gde preovlađuju određeni arhetipovi koji sprovode svoje akcije i to nam objašnjava u kom pravcu idemo. Mi posedujemo budućnosti, ali su nam potrebni i ovakvi izazovi da bismo postali dovoljno snažni. Homeopatija će imati veoma važnu ulogu u sprečavanju bolesti i integrativnom pristupu u zdravtvenom sistemu budućnosti. ŽZ: Vaš seminar u Beogradu uglavnom će biti vezan za temu arhetipova u homeopatiji (delom i za Jungove arhetipove) po kojoj ste posebno poznati, a šta vi očekujete od beogradskih studenata? AB: Tema arhetipova kod mene je prisutna 25-‐30 godina. To je bila tema jednog od mojih prvih međunarodnih seminara, a sada radim i u mnogim drugim oblastima. Ranih devedesetih moj dvogodišnji postdiplomsku kurs obuhvatao je sve oblasti homeopatije: arhetipovi, mijazmi, biljna carstva i razvojni stupnjevi. Većina ovih pristupa je preuzeta od strane drugih homeopata i ja to cenim kao prirodan korak u razvoju naše nauke. Imao sam radost, zadovoljstvo i blagoslov da radim u mnogim oblastima homeopatije, a najviše volim da radim sa pacijentima.
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Želeo bih da to sve podelim sa vama i da vam objasnm kako jednostavno sve to može da bude. Povratna informacija, koju obično dobijem na seminarima, glasi: da je učenje nadahnjujuće i da se složene stvari lako razumeju. Takođe, učesnici tvrde da moja predavanja ujedinjuju znanja iz različitih oblasti. Može se reći da će glavni cilj seminara u Beogradu biti da se stvari pojednostave i ujedine u praksi. Zatim da se taj ujedinjeni metod koristiti kod uzimanja slučaja, izučavanje lekova, u analizi, diferencijalnoj dijagnozi, kao i proceni i praćenju slučaja. Želeo bih da svi budu nadahnuti, da preduzmu sledeći korak u svom homeopatskom razvoju i da primene znanje koje već imaju na povezaniji način. Moj lični cilj je da učinim izučavanje homeopatije lakšim i zabavnijim postupkom. TRI HOMEOPATSKA CARSTVA ŽZ: Koliko je u primeni vašeg sistema potrebno poznavati Jungovu psihologiju, a koliko homeopatsku – Materija mediku? AB: Nije uopšte potrebno znanje Jungove psihologije, niti bilo kog drugog sistema, osim homeopatije. Ako imate znanje Materija medike, vi ćete povećavati svoju šansu za dobar odabir leka, jer ćete dati prvi lek koji vam izađe u analizi. Ali, u primeni arhetipova, vi ćete, u stvari, dobiti šansu da dobijete dobar lek, čak i ako vam je znanje Materije medike skromno. Sve što znate je plus i čini vas boljim homeopatom. Ako imate dobru osnovu znanja, možete naći dobar lek bez repertorizacije i arhetipovi su pun pogodak u tom smislu. ŽZ: Veoma ste aktivni u podsticanju homeopatije i podizanju standarda u homeopatskom obrazovanju? AB: Postoje dva glavna činioca koja bih da istaknem. Prvo imamo bolonjski proces (objedinjeni sistem obrazovanja pod istim uslovima u evropskoj zajednici), sa lisabonskom konvencijom (put ka društvu znanja u evropskoj zajednici), gde je ustanovljeno obrazovanje po modelu 3+2 (bachelor + master). Ova međunarodna standardizacija daje mogućnosti da joj se suprostavite i trpite posledice ili da se prilagodite.
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Poseban izazov je to što su za osnovne studije u pojedinim zemljama tražene naučne studije o naučnoj dokazivosti homeopatije, te su zbog nedovoljno takvih dokaza zahtevi za osnivanje škole odbijeni. Mi možemo, ili da radimo na tome da izgradimo dokazivost, ili da pokažemo vrednost kvalitativne, „meke“ nauke i ograničenost „evidence based“ pristupa. Možemo da pokažemo da je homeopatija zasnovana na istaživanjima koja su prikladna za nju. Sve ovo zahteva još mnogo truda. Drugi vid je vezan za izdvojenost i uključivanje. Ako želimo da kvalitetno komuniciramo sa akademskim svetom, ako ne želimo da budemo van vremena, moramo razumeti druga zanimanja i povezati se sa njima. Takođe, ako želimo razumevanje od akademskog sveta i njegovo prihvatanje, moramo shvatiti manu akademizma. Moramo razumeti da je borba za opbjektivne činjenice, naučne dokaze u medicini bazirana na paradigmi u kojoj su osnovni aksiomi: materijalizam, redukcionizam, determinizam i pozitivizam. Mi moramo da izađemo u susret tim izazovima, ali takođe da budemo u mogućnosti da uvažavamo vrednosti koje su suptilnije, više holističke i rezultat iskustva čoveka, njegovog opažanja i procene. Ujedinjen pristup ovim, naizgled nepovezanim, elementima je važan deo homeopatije. To zahteva od čoveka iskustvo, razumevanje, obrazac razmišljanja, uopštavanja, apstrakciju i usredsređenje na kvalitet umesto na kvantitet.
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U pokušaju da dokažu nepristrasnost nauke, mnogi su zanemarili da bi naučnik trebalo da bude osoba sa sjajnim umom, opažanjem, mudrošču i znanjem zasnovanim na svesnosti, selektivnosi, subjektivnosti i iskustvu. Ako priključimo ova dva stanovišta u obrazovanju i nauci, onda će homeopatija dobiti mesto koje zaslužuje u budućnosti. ŽZ: Vi ste direktor Naturopatske akademije. Kako je u njoj organizovana nastava homeopatije? AB: Ime može da zavara, homeopatija je uvek bila glavni predmet u nastavi, od kada je Akademija ustanovljena, još 1975. godine. U jednom trenutku zahtevi da se postane homeopata su bili da se predmeti kao fitoterapija, nutricionizam, refleksologija i drugo, povuku iz obrazovanja homeopata. U tom trenutku je dodata naturopatija i veterinarska homeopatija. Homeopatsko obrazovanje počinje uvodnom godinom. Na prvoj godini izučava se filozofija, epistemologija, nauka, etika, sociologija, anatomija, psihologija i odnos sa pacijentom. Sledeće dve godine patologiju izučavamo zajedno sa objedinjenom (integrativnom) medicinom i homeopatskom terapijom. Ovde je naglasak na manjim, manje dokazivanim homeopatskim lekovima i prijemčivosti tih lekova, kao i na radu sa repertorijumom. Materia medika se izučava po carstvima. Postoji biljno, životinjsko i mineralno carstvo kao izvor za izradu homeopatskih lekova. Dobijeni rezultati se upoređuju sa rezultatima savremenih homeopata. Obrazovanje traje pet godina sa part-‐tajm osnovom. Trećina vremena je odvojena za kliničke vežbe. Dakle, struktura je 1+2+2, a poslednje dve godine su napredne studije homeopatije.
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LUDVIG VAN BETOVEN Homeopatski profil Autor : Dr Franc Svoboda (Dr. Franz Swoboda) Članak priredila: Vesna Erceg Ovaj članak je prvi put objavljen u “Documenta Homoeopathica”, Vol.20, Verlag W.Maudrich, Wien, 2000, i ponovo objavljen uz dozvolu autora, Dr. Franz Swoboda, u Österreichische Gesellschaft für Homöopathische Medizin (izdavač) i Facultas Verlags-‐ und Buchhandels AG (Wien). Autor predstavlja „homeopatsku anamnezu“ Ludviga van Betovena kako bi pokazao da destruktivna dijateza ima dvostruku prirodu koja takođe može da uključuje i stvaralačke kvalitete koji potvrđuju život. (Prevod sa nemačkog: Katja Šut i Alan Šmukler)
UVOD Pacijent sa razarajućom (sifilističkom) dijatezom je često povezan sa negativnim vidovima – rakom i drugim teškim bolestima na telesnom planu i kompulsivnom nasilnošću, psihozama itd. na duševnom planu. U ovom članku želim da pokažem da osoba sa razarajućom (destruktivnom) dijatezom može pozitivno da utiče na društvo u vidu preokreta i drugih pozitivnih revolucionarnih promena. U isto vreme ne može se prevideti da je ta osoba izolovana kao pojedinac i da ima tragičnu sudbinu. Razarajuća (destruktivna) osoba – nezadovoljna sobom i drugima – teži da učini svoj sopstveni život, kao i život drugih, teškim, pa čak i nepodnošljivim.
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Suprotno od limfatične osobe, ona ima problematične odnose sa društvenim okruženjem i ne može da se stvarno poveže sa drugima. Njena osećajnost ide u krajnost, strah može da uzrokuje paniku, radost ili neravnotežu. Ona se lako razdraži, postaje svadljiva i žestoko kudi druge i iz najmanjeg razloga. Ovi ljudi postaju fanatični, imaju iznenadne napade besa i ne mogu da obuzdaju te nagone. Oni i otvoreno i prikriveno pribegavaju nasilju u porodici i na poslu – bilo zlobnim rečima ili delima. Često postoji težnja prema krajnjoj sumnjičavosti i neprijateljstvu, te mogu biti puni mržnje i prezira prema sebi i drugima. Osoba je nesposobna da zaboravi tobožnja omalovažavanja i postaje ozlojeđena, neumoljiva, bez sažaljenja i osvetoljubiva. Prateći svoj nagone, razorna ličnost – koja često ima puno energije – je tvrdoglava ili čak fanatična. Povrh toga, ona je proračunata, vodi računa samo o svojim željama, a ne i o željama drugih. Ako ne može da ostvari svoje ciljeve, sklona je razornim reakcijama. Ona se upušta u ocrnjivanje drugih, užas u kome postaje sve više pakosna, fanatična, tvrdogalava i opsednuta dok se ne iscrpi. Takve osobe su postojale u istoriji, takođe uključuju i Hitlera i Staljina, koji su gurnuli čitave narode u ponor. Ova razorna energija takođe može biti okrenuta i ka unutra i prouzrokovati ozbiljne kompulzije, psihoze, utučenost, samoubilačke misli, samoubistvo ili telesna oštećenja kao što su rak, oštećenja bubrega, ciroza jetre itd. Osim toga, razorna osoba može da bude strastvena i da daje puno ljubavi, iako ovo često ide sa određenom isključivošću i ograničenjem. Nesposobnost razornog umetnika da se poveže sa drugima, njegovo veliko nepoštovanje potreba drugih, njegova nepopustljivost i neprilagođenost prema svemu, dozvoljava mu snažno pokretanje stvaralačke snage i oslobađa ga za bezuslovno proživljavanje sopstvenih strasti (kojima podčinjava i sebe i druge). Njegova strast ne poznaje granice, jer on živi samo za svoje ideje, za svoj rad, čak do tačke samouništenja. Od osnovne je važnosti da može da stvara svoje delo i da može da smanji unutrašnju napetost. Prihvatanje njegovog okruženja je poželjno ili očekivano, ali je od drugorazrednog značaja. On ne želi da bude uspešan u smislu da stvara dela koja prijaju publici. On im daje svoja dela i oni moraju da prihvate njegov rad i njega kao umetnika. Za razornog umetnika je samo na ovaj način moguće da izrazi svoje „trendseterske impulse” ili da pokrene kulturnu revoluciju kao što je to i Betoven uradio uvodeći promenu u muzici i stvarajući svoj sopstveni jezik. Njegova muzika nije bila milozvučna ili blagougodna, ona je protest protiv tradicionalne forme. „Na temelju Hajdna i Mocarta, Betoven je razvio tradicionalne forme sonata, simfonije i kamerne muzike u izražavanje unutrašnjih strasnih osećanja bogatim i hrabrim preobraćanjem tema i jačinom ritma” (Brokhaus)
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Kada se sluša Mocartova i Betovenova muzika, Mocartova muzika meni zvuči svetlo, toplo i vragolasto, dok Betovenova muzika pre zvuči teško, moćno, uzbudljvo, veliko. Mocarta su njegovi savremenici opisivali kao društvenog, nonšalantanog, ali i kao nekoga ko se lako obeshrabrivao i nije bio disciplinovan. Odlagao je sve od danas do sutra, rasipao novac, uživao da ga zavaravaju laskanjima i uvek je imao potrebu za osobom „koja ga vodi“. On je opisan kao predstavnik limfatične sklonosti. Limfatična osoba je otvorena prema svetu, u odnosu je sa njim i želi da zadovolji i da se obrati svojim radom. Retko je konzervativna i želi stalnu potvrdu od svog okruženja, zbog sopstvene nesigurnosti. Njegova umetnost nastaje iz njegovog odnosa i uzajamnog dejstva sa svetom.
LUDVIG VAN BETOVEN Betoven se u biografijama opisuje kao Titan, ali takođe postoje i izveštaji i „priče” njegovih savremenika i prijatelja iz kojih možemo da ga vidimo i kao ljudsko biće. Beleške zapisane u njegovim „knjižicama za komunikaciju” koje je koristio kako bi prenosio drugima svoje ideje tokom perioda u kome je bio gluv, daju nam drugačiji uvid u njegov svakodnevni život i „uobičajne” brige. Uz određenu ogradu, pokušaću da napravim „homeopatsku anamnezu” Betovena. Pronašli smo mnogo razornih (destruktivnih) osobina, kao i litemičke i limfatičke osobine, kao što uvek, kod svih naših pacijenata i nalazimo mešavinu različitih dijateza. Ali razorna dijateza se sigurno nalazi u prvom planu. Mene najviše interesuju „ljudski” vid Betovenove ličnosti. Ne želim da ulazim u detalje kada se govori o njegovoj muzici, ali možda razumevanje čoveka i poznavanje njegovog životnog stanja može da nam da drugačiji uvid u njegovu muziku, ali i dublji uvid u razornu (destruktivnu) dijatezu. Na kraju ovog članka nalazi se kratak pregled najvažnijih događaja u Betovenovom životu, datumi nastanka njegovih najvažnijih dela i važnih bolesti i problema u različitim razdobljima njegovog života.
Porodična anamneza
Baka (sa očeve strane): Nervni bolesnik, alkoholičarka Otac: Alkoholičar Majka: Sklonost ka melanholiji, tuberkulozna ftiza (umrla u 40-‐toj godini)
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Izgled
Betovena su u mladosti opisivali kao čoveka snažne, gotovo grube figure, niskog i punačkog, sa kratkim vratom i širokim ramenima, ... sa debelom glavom, izraženim i širokim čelom, okruglim nosem i mrko-‐crnom bojom lica. Hodao je nagnut ka napred i nazivali su ga „tamnokošcem” zbog tamne boje njegovog lica.
Betoven u mladalačkim danima, 34 godine ( Joseph Willibrod Mähler, 1804.)
Pijanista von Bernhard ovako opisuje Betovena u njegovim mladićkim danima (tokom prvih godina provedenih u Beču): „Bio je nizak i neupečatljiv i imao je ružno crveno lice puno ožiljaka od malih boginja. Kosa mu je bila veoma tamna i visila mu je neuredno oko lica. Odeća mu je bila sasvim uobičajena. Govorio je renskim narečjem ali nije bio previše govorljiv. Sve u svemu, njegov izgled nije ukazivao na to da je imao bilo kakvo dobro obrazovanje, već je pre svojim ponašanjem i mimikom odavao odsustvo dobrog držanja. Njegovi pokreti i
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ponašanje bili su vrlo nezgrapni. Stoga nikad nije naučio da pleše i često je rušio stvari, a takođe je imao običaj i da pljuje naokolo. ” Jedan posetilac ga je, kao starijeg čoveka, opisao na sledeći način: „Da nisam znao šta da očekujem, njegov izgled bi me sigurno uznemirio. Ne mogu da kažem da je reč samo o njegovom neodržavanom, skoro divljem spoljašnjem izgledu, gustoj crnoj kosi koja mu je nemarno visila oko glave, već i o celokupnoj njegovoj pojavi. Zamislite čoveka u pedesetim ali veoma snažnog i stamenog, punačkog sa krupnim kostima – skoro kao Fihte ali puniji, sa punijim i okruglijim licem; zdrave crvene boje, sa nemirnim, žarkim očima, koje skoro da prodiru kroz vas kada vas gleda; pokreta nema ili su užurbani ...”
Betoven, 45 godina (Joseph Willibrod Mähler, 1815.)
Prema svedočenju njegove kućepaziteljke, odeća i celokupna garderoba bili su mu otrcani. „Nema čak ni jedno dobro odelo niti jednu dobru košulju. Jednom
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prilikom je bio uhapšen zato što je policija usled njegovog izgleda mislila da je skitnica.” Graver Blasijus Hefel nam prenosi sledeću priču: „1820. godine sam sedeo sa kolegama i policijskim inspektorom u bašti jedne gostionice na obodu grada. Bila je jesen i već je pao mrak kada je policijski činovnik ušao i izvestio komesara sledeće: „Komesaru, uhapsili smo nekoga ko ne prestaje da viče i tvrdi da je on Betoven. Ali on je sirovina, nema čak ni šešir, nosi staro odelo, itd.”... Sledeće večeri komesar nam je ispričao da ga je policijski činovnik probudio u 11 sati uveče i izvestio ga da zatvorenik ne prestaje da viče i da traži da pozovu muzičkog direktora univerziteta Viner Nojštad da ga identifikuje ... i čim je direktor video čoveka, izjavio je: „Ovo je Betoven!” i odveo ga je kući. Ispostavilo se da je Betoven tog jutra rano izašao da se prošeta. Izgubljen u mislima, zaboravio je kuda je krenuo i nije ništa jeo, tako da je na kraju stigao do kanala u Viner Nojštadu. Ovde su ga spazili kako zaviruje kroz prozore kuća pošto nije znao gde se nalazi. S’ obzirom na to da je izgledao kao prosjak, ljudi su pozvali policiju da ga uhapsi. Kada su ga uhapsili rekao je: „Ja sam Betoven.”, ali su mu odgovorili: „Pa zašto te ne bi uhapsili? Ti si sirovina, Betoven ne izgleda kao ti!” . Sa druge strane, Grilparcer prenosi da je „tokom prvih godina u Beču, Betoven bio vrlo pažljivo, čak i elegantno odeven. Tek kasnije je počeo da zanemaruje svoj izgled, toliko da je postao prljav.”
Betoven, 53 godine (Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller, 1823.)
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Betoven kao dete i adolescent Betoven je bio drugo od sedmoro dece od kojih je samo troje preživelo, Ludvig i njegova dva mlađa brata, zbog čega je bio primoran da prihvati ulogu najstarijeg deteta. Što se tiče bolesti, poznato je samo da je preležao male boginje. Kao dete su Betovena često ostavljali da se brine sam o sebi. Iako je prihvatao šale, skoro uvek je bio ozbiljan, stidljiv i zamišljen, čak i tmuran i ćutljiv – introvertni samotnjak. Oslanjajući glavu o ruke, često je gledao kroz prozor, toliko zaokupljen sopstvenim mislima da nije reagovao kada mu se neko obrati. Njegov otac, dvorski muzičar u Bonu, je verovatno oduvek bio alkoholičar. Bio je krajnje zahtevan, ponekad i okrutan prema svom sinu i jedino je želeo da iskoristi njegov talenat. Kada je imao četiri ili pet godina, Betovenov otac je imao običaj da ga budi usred noći kako bi vežbao muzička pravila i svirao klavir i violinu i po nekoliko sati dok ne svane. Ne znamo ništa o njegovim osećanjima prema ocu, ali je poznato da je Betoven bio izuzetno vezan za majku i da ju je veoma voleo. Ludvig je pohađao školu do jedanaeste godine. Rukopis mu je bio užasan celog života. Nikad nije naučio da računa i nikad nije razumeo sabiranje, tako da je celog života imao problema sa brojanjem taktova i oznaka. Njegovi problemi postaju očigledni kasnije u knjigama u koje su se upisivali računi domaćinstva, koje sadrže unose njegove kućepaziteljke i besno brisanje i očajničke Betovenove pokušaje da ponovo sračuna unete iznose.
portret 13-‐ogošnjeg Betovena (nepoznati Bonski slikar, oko 1783.)
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Njegova karijera „čuda od deteta” je rano počela. Već u sedmoj godini je održao nekoliko samostalnih izvođenja na klaviru. Sa dvanaest je bio čembalista u orkestru kapele kneza izbornika u Bonu. Godinu dana kasnije postao je redovni drugi dvorski orguljaš. U to vreme je već napisao tri sonate za klavir i već su ga poredili sa Mocartom. S obzirom na svoja postignuća, Betoven je već u ranim godinama vodio život odrasle osobe. Morao je da bude dostupan kraljevskom dvoru do duboko u noć. Kada je Ludvig imao sedamnaest godina njegova majka je umrla od tuberkuloze. Od tog trenutka on počinje da se plaši da će se njegovo uznemirujuće „stezanje u grudima” razviti u sušicu. Stezanje u grudima je verovatno bilo posledica bronhitisa od kog je tokom života bolovao u nekoliko navrata. 1817. godine (30 godina kasnije) Betoven je izjavio da su njegove patnje „na kraju ustanovljene kao bolest pluća” od strane lekara. Nekoliko dokumenata otkriva njegovu sklonost ka hipohondriji. Šta više, on je patio od „melanholije” koja je za njega bila „skoro podjednako loša kao i sama bolest”. Nakon što mu je majka umrla, pijanstvo njegovog oca se pogoršao, tako da je sedamnaestogodišnjak, s obzirom da je bio najstariji, bio primoran da na sebe preuzme odgovornost za porodicu i njihovo izdržavanje. Ubedio je kneza da mu ostavi pola očeve plate kako bi makar taj deo novca mogao da iskoristi za potrebe porodice, umesto da ga otac potroši u gostionici. Kneževo mišljenje o Betovenovom ocu se jasno vidi iz oštrog komentara povodom njegove smrti (Ludvig van Betoven je u to vreme već bio u Beču): „Betovenova smrt će uzrokovati smanjenje prihoda od poreza na piće.” (misli se na oca) Mladi Betoven je dobio negu i pažnju od Bonske plemićke porodice Brojning, koja ga je prihvatila kao sopstveno dete. Na osnovu izveštaja njegovih savremenika, „on je osećao slobodu i tamo se lako kretao. Ovo je izazvalo njegovu radost i pružilo podršku razvoju njegovog uma”. Sin porodice je postao Betovenov dugogodišnji prijatelj i u toj kući Betoven je upoznao važne građane Bona, koji su mu pružili ključne mentalne podsticaje za njegov dalji razvoj.
Odrasli Betoven
1792. godine Betoven je došao u Beč da studira kompoziciju kod Hajdna, Albrehtsbergera i Salierija. Uskoro je upoznao svog glavnog dobrotvora, princa Lihnovskog. Tokom prvih godina boravka u Beču, Betoven je bio dobro raspoložen. Imao je konja kojeg je jahao i u velikoj meri je prilagodio svoju odeću i način života svom plemićkom okruženju. Za kratko vreme je zahvaljujući svojoj virtuoznosti postao slavni pijanista. Njegova publika bi ustajala sa svojih sedišta i on bi ih dovodio do suza. Kada bi završio jednu
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ovakvu izvedbu, umeo je da počne da se smeje i da se podsmeva svojoj publici zbog emocija koje je kod njih izazvao. „Vi ste budale”, govorio je. Za razliku od Mocarta koji je svirao uglađeno i tečno, Betoven je u pokušaju da postigne zvuk orkestra, toliko jako udarao po dirkama, da su žice na klaviru pucale. Da bi dobio jači zvuk zamolio je graditelja klavira da napravi bolji instrument od Bečkog koncertnog klavira, koji je po njemu zvučao kao harfa. 1795. godine Betoven je predstavio svoj Opus br.1. Ubrzo je postao nezadovoljan svojim učiteljem Hajdnom, kao i Albrehtsbergerom, koji ga je nazvao „ekscentričnim muzičkim slobodnim misliocem koji nikada neće napraviti ništa korisno”. On je prevazišao prepoznate harmonije tog doba i krenuo svojim putem u komponovanju. Odbijao je da se prilagodi kad je u pitanju bila muzika, a ni u svom svakodnevnom životu nikada nije razmišljao o bilo kakvim konvencijama. Do tog trenutka, umetnici (uključujući i Mocarta) su smatrali sebe majstorima koji pružaju usluge, ali ideja stvaranja umetnosti radi umetnosti im je bila strana. Betoven je, sa druge stane, naglašavao svoju umetnost. Osećao se kao umetnik i kreativna osoba i kao takav, smatrao je da se nalazi iznad krunisanih plemića i državnika. Neuobičajno za to vreme, od Betovena su tražili da sedi za stolom sa svojim plemićkim gostima. Prilikom jedne rasprave Betoven je napisao Lihnovskom: „Prinče, za ono što Vi jeste, zaslužno je Vaše rođenje; ono što ja jesam, postigao sam sam. Ima i biće još hiljadu prinčeva; ali Betoven je samo jedan.” Takođe je odbio da nastupa da bi zabavio goste svog glavnog dobrotvora, princa Lihnovskog, što je bila očigledna uvreda. Jednom je došlo do skoro nasilne svađe u kojoj je princ pokušao da razbije vrata sobe u koju se Betoven zatvorio. Betoven je već podigao stolicu kako bi je „razbio o prinčevu glavu u njegovoj sopstvenoj kući”. Betoven je odmah nakon toga otišao i sledećeg dana, kada se pridružio društvu, pravio se da ne poznaje princa kome je dugovao sve u Beču. Nikada se nije prilagođavao nijednom delu svoje okoline, nikad se nije prikazivao kao molilac, već je od ostalih očekivao da se ponašaju u skladu sa njim. Smatrao je da su mu njegovi patroni pružali finansijsku pomoć da bi mu omogućili život posvećen stvaranju muzike kakvu niko do tad nije napravio. Kada mu finansijska pomoć ne bi bila obezbeđena, on bi odlazio na dvor da je traži. Ova anegdota oslikava Betovenov stav: 1812. godine Betoven je boravio u banji u Teplicu kao deo tretmana za njegove glavobolje. Dok je šetao sa Geteom prišli su im carica i vojvode sa celom carskom povorkom. Betoven je rekao Geteu: „Samo nastavi da me držiš pod
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ruku, oni treba da se sklone s puta, ne mi.” Gete se nije složio sa njim i bilo mu je neprijatno; pustio je Betovena i sklonio se sa strane, skidajući svoj šešir, dok je Betoven samo prošao kroz vojvode, prekrštenih ruku i blago nagnuvši šešir. Da bi mu napravili mesta ostali su se pomerili i prijateljski ga pozdravili. Kada ih je prošao, Betoven je stao da sačeka Getea, koji je u dubokom naklonu sačekao da svi prođu. Tada mu je Betoven rekao: „Sačekao sam te zato što te poštujem i ukazujem ti poštovanje onako kako zaslužuješ, ali onima ostalima, pokazao si im previše poštovanja.” Gete je kasnije izjavio: „Nikad nisam upoznao drugog umetnika koji je tako gramziv, snažan, okrenut ka sebi. Sasvim razumem koliko je čudan njegov odnos prema svetu.” „Bio je veoma ponosan. Jednog dana sam video ekscentričnu groficu Tun kako kleči ispred njega moleći ga da svira klavir ... Betoven joj nije uslišio molbu.” (pijanista von Bernhard) U društvu je bio nestrpljiv, ljutit, neprijatan, neljubazan, beskompromisan, nasilan, žestok, osetljiv, sumnjičav i ubeđen da svi žele da ga izdaju. Primere ovakvih eksplozija možemo naći i u različitim izjavama: „Neće više nikad doći kod mene. On je izdajničko pseto i kožoder odneo sva njemu slična izdajnička pseta!“ ... Sledećeg dana je ponovo bio pomirljiv: „Hercens Nacerl, ti si iskren čovek i sad uviđam da si bio u pravu ... Poljubac od tvog Betovena.” Takođe se naziva i Melšeberl (Mehlschöberl, kaže se da je na bečkom dijalektu ovo neka vrsta knedle za supu, ali po Špehtu ovo je „osoba koja slaže brašno”) Ris nam donosi sledeći izveštaj: „… Ponekad bi Betoven bio ekstremno nasilan. Jednog dana smo ručali u gostionici Labud, a konobar mu je doneo pogrešno jelo. Betoven mu je nešto rekao o tome, na šta je konobar odgovorio neljubazno; Betoven je uzeo jelo i prosuo ga konobaru na glavu. Jadni čovek je imao još nekoliko tanjira sa hranom u rukama ... i nije mogao ništa da uradi; Čorba mu se slivala niz lice. On i Betoven su vikali jedan na drugog dok su se ostali gosti grohotom smejali. Na kraju je i Betoven počeo da se smeje zbog toga kako je konobar izgledao. On je pokušavao da oliže sos koji mu se slivao niz lice, i nije mogao da se svađa pošto je pokušavao da se obliže i pravio je najsmešnije grimase ...” Sa druge strane se često pominje koliko je učinkovit i proračunat Betoven bio, kada je trebalo da sačuva svoje interese, a da je pri tom u isto vreme imao sluha za potrebe drugih. On je podržavao popravni dom i fabriku za siromašne Ursulinen u Grazu, tako što im je posvećivao svoje kompozicije: „Nikome od mojih prijatelja ne treba ništa da fali dokle god ja imam neka sredstva”. Njegov nemir se može videti iz njegove gotovo bolesne sklonosti ka selidbi. Tokom vremena je živeo na oko trideset mesta u Beču i često je imao nekoliko prebivališta odjednom. Bio je veoma nemiran i neprijatan stanar. Sve mu je
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smetalo, a i on je smetao ostalima. Klavir je svirao glasno i u neprikladno vreme. Umeo je da maršira dok komponuje, gunđa, zavija i udara nogama o pod. Umeo je da prosipa velike količine vode koje su se prelivale u ostale sobe tako što bi stajao ispred lavaboa i prao ruke sa puno vode. Često se polivao vodom dok je komponovao. Zbog ovoga je često ulazio u rasprave sa svojim stanodavcima oko kirije ili načina plaćanja, nedovoljne providnosti prozora i kvaliteta i cene osvetljenja. Jednom prilikom je imao četiri prebivališta u isto vreme upravo zbog svih ovih problema. Za neke od njih je zaboravio da plati kiriju usled svoje rasejanosti. Iako su mu prijatelji pomagali da se nosi sa neprijatnostima svakodnevnog života on je smatrao da su oni odgovorni za njegovu nesreću, što je razumljivo dovodilo do nesuglasica. Sledeća epozoda pokazuje koliko je Betoven bio težak stanar: Smetalo mu je što nije mogao direktno da vidi zelenilo u bašti bez naginjanja kroz prozor. Zato je pozvao majstora da napravi rupu u zidu kako bi imao direktan pogled na zelenilo. Kada ga je stanodavac tužio, Betoven se odselio. Često bi uradio nešto samo da bi napakostio svojim domaćinima, kao što je bio slučaj sa baronom Pronejem, koji mu je ustupio četiri sobe u svojoj vili i dao park na korišćenje. Jedino što su ga zamolili je da ne pravi buku u zimskoj bašti zato što je baron imao običaj da spava iznad nje. Međutim, Betoven je koristio ovu sobu veoma često nakon što bi se naljutio na svog domaćina, išao bi napred-‐nazad po sobi i pesnicama udarao o sto.
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Haos bi uglavnom vladao, gde god da je Betoven živeo. Kapelan Sejfrid, je opisao jednu od ovih situacija na sledeći način: „Zbrka koja vlada u njegovom domaćinstvu zaista ostavlja utisak. Knjige i muzičke potrepštine su razbacane po svim ćoškovima, ima ostataka hladne zakuske – ovde, neotvorene ili do pola popijene boce vina – tamo, na stočiću skica nove „Quattuor” – ovde, Rudera d’ Dežne – tamo, na klaviru, na nažvrljanim stranicama, materijal za simfoniju – lična i poslovna pisma prekrivaju pod, između prozora veliki komad Strakina (italijanski sir), pored njega ostaci prave veronske salame – i pored ovog haosa, gospodar je imao običaj da ističe svoju tačnost i urednost gde god je to moguće, uprkos stvarnom stanju. Tek kada bi nešto bezuspešno tražili nekoliko sati, dana ili nedelja njegov ton bi se promenio i on bi tužno jaukao: »Ovo je katastrofa! Ništa ne može da ostane na svom mestu, sve je izmešteno; izgleda da se sve sprda sa mnom!« ” Betoven se uvek žalio na dve stvari – cene, iako je veći deo vremena bio u dobrom novčanom stanju – i na osoblje. Njegov gubitak sluha ga je učinio još sumnjičavijim prema svom okruženju; stalno je zamišljao zavere protiv njega. Kada nije mogao nešto da nađe (njegova zaboravnost je takođe zabeležena) on bi okrivio sluge. Grdio ih je i praskao na njih tako da su ga prijatelji stalno opominjali: „Nemoj da ih udaraš, mogao bi da imaš problema sa policijom!” Kada bi brisanje prašine oduzimalo previše vremena, on bi samo prosuo kofu sa vodom. Ako bi mu neko hrabro odgovorio dobio bi šamar. Kada bi se jaja pokvarila bacao bi ih kroz prozor na ulicu ili na kućepaziteljku koja je uvek bila spremna na beg. Nije ni čudo što su se kućepaziteljke, spremačice i služavke stalno smenjivale. Često bi ih otpustio nakon samo nedelju dana. Često bi odlazile zbog Betovenove naravi, napada besa i sumnjičavosti. Veoma bi se razbesneo ako jelo ne bi bilo dobro pripremljeno. Njegova omiljena jela su bila makarone sa parmezanom i jela sa ribom. Posebno je voleo ostrige, krvavice i teletinu. Voleo je da pije svežu vodu iz bunara, ali je celog života voleo i alkohol, pre svega lažno vino, kog je pio po jednu bocu dnevno. Takođe je voleo i kafu, pri čemu je svaki dan sam brojao zrna za svoju jutarnju kafu – moralo je da se iskoristi tačno 60 zrna za jednu šolju kafe. Kada nije radio, Betoven je obično bio u kafedžinicama i krčmama u kojima je pričao šale. Veći deo svog slobodnog vremena je provodio šetajući, pre svega u netaknutoj prirodi. Ali nije ga samo želja za odmorom vukla ka prirodi: „Moje nesrećne uši me ovde ne muče. Kao da bi svako drvo na selu želelo da priča sa mnom, sveto, sveto!” U prirodi bi se njegova nakupljena osećanja rastopila: „Samo par dana u božanskom Brilu – žudnja ili želja – oslobođenje ili ispunjenje!” (1818, tokom letnjeg boravka u Medlingu)
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Za razliku od Mocarta, Betoven nije odlazio dalje od banja u Teplicu i Karlsbadu i nije putovao dalje od svojih odlazaka preko Praga i Drezdena do Berlina; odmor je provodio u okolini Beča, uglavnom u Badenu i Medlingu.
Žene
Kažu da je tokom prvih godina provedenih u Beču Betoven lako laskao ženama. „Uživao je da gleda žene, posebno lepa, mladolika lica i umeo je da se okrene za ljupkim devojkama. Gledao ih je oštro kroz svoj monokl i smejao se ili bi se nasmešio kada bi ga primetile. Jednom sam ga zadirkivao zbog osvajanja jedne prelepe dame koja ga je najviše i najduže fascinirala – celih sedam meseci.” (F.Ris) Sa druge strane, kažu da je pevačica Magdalena Vilman u to vreme odbila njegovu prosidbu „zato što je bio tako ružan i polulud”. Pisma njegovih prijatelja potvrđuju da je svoje seksualne potrebe zadovoljavao posećujući prostitutke. Prema ovome je imao ambivalentan stav: „Senzualno uživanje bez jedinstva duša jeste i ostaće životinjsko. Posle ovoga čovek se ne oseća plemenito, već oseća kajanje.” Često se zaljubljivao u nedostupne žene iz visokog društva koje nikada nije zaista mogao da osvaji, pošto su ga u tome uvek sprečavale društvene razlike. Betovenova utučenost, koja je zabeležena u njegovom Hejligenštad testamentu iz1802. godine, sigurno je bila uzrokovana gubitkom sluha, ali je delom bila i posledica toga što je sedamnaestogodišnja kontesa Đulijeta Đuičardi, za koju je 1801. godine napisao „Mesečevu sonatu”, odbila njegovu bračnu ponudu. „Samo ljubav – samo ljubav mi može podariti srećniji život. Moj Bože, dozvoli mi da je nađem – nju koja pojačava moje vrline i kojoj je dozvoljeno da bude moja.” Posvetio je „Album za Elizu” Terezi Malfati koju je jako voleo. Ona je ovo sasekla u korenu odbivši njegovu bračnu ponudu 1810. godine. U julu 1812. je pisao svojoj „besmrtnoj dragoj”: „Možeš li da promeniš to, da ti nisi sasvim moja i da ja nisam do kraja tvoj? ...Ljubav zahteva sve i to s’ pravom; tako je i za mene kad si ti u pitanju i za tebe kad se radi o meni. Sada lako zaboravljaš da ja moram da živim i za sebe i za tebe. Da smo do kraja spojeni ti bi osećala bol onoliko koliko i ja.” Pismo nikad nije poslato pošto žena kojoj je bilo namenjeno, nije bila slobodna. Pismo je pronađeno među njegovom zaostavštinom. Napuštanje lične sreće koju donosi ljubav izazvalo je sličnu krizu i 1802. godine. Betoven je patio od jake utučenosti praćene samoubilačkim mislima sve do 1813. godine.
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Betoven kao „otac”
1815. godine umire Ludvigov brat i u svom testamentu određuje da će starateljstvo nad njegovim devetogodišnjim sinom, Karlom, deliti njegova žena i Ludvig. Međutim, Ludvig nije želeo da bratova žena bude uključena u odgoj sina, zato što je on nije cenio. Otišao je na sud gde je vikao i davao gadne izjave na njen račun i javno je optužio da je slabog karaktera i sklona nemoralu. Bio je veoma vezan za Karla i vodio je računa o njegovom obrazovanju. Povremeno je bio strog prema njemu, a povremeno opet popustljiv. Karl je upao u sumnjivo društvo i pokušao je da pobegne kod majke, usled pritiska da postiže dobre rezultate. Rekao je sudu da se plašio stričevog maltretiranja, jer mu je stric jednom prilikom pretio da će ga udaviti. 1818. godine Betoven je izgubio starateljstvo nad Karlom i ponovo ga je dobio tek 1820. godine. Karl je 1826. pokušao da izvrši samoubistvo. Policiji je izjavio da je osećao da ga njegov stric „previše gnjavi i dosađuje mu i da policija treba da drži strica podalje od njega”. Tokom vremena dok je previše brinuo o svom nećaku i dok se patološki borio za starateljstvo nad njim, Betoven nije bio mnogo stvarao, a tokom 1816/1817. se i razboleo.
Gubitak sluha
Negde oko 1796. godine Betovenovi problemi sa sluhom su počeli da se pogoršavaju i on je pretpostavio da je uzrok tome tifus. Međutim, u to vreme je napisao vrlo veselu klavirsku sonatu Op.10 i skoro urnebesni klavirski trio u B-‐duru op.11 (“Gassenhauer Trio”). Tokom ovog perioda postajao sve utučeniji usled sve većeg gubitka sluha. Razgovarao je o tome sa jednim prijateljem, zamolivši ga da to ostane tajna. „Moje uši nastavljaju da šušte i zuje i danju i noću. Moram priznati da vodim jadan život. Ima već skoro dve godine od kako sam prestao da posećujem bilo kakva društvena okupljanja, samo zato što ne mogu da zamislim da kažem ljudima: „Ja sam gluv.” Ukoliko bih se bavio bilo kojim drugim poslom možda bih mogao da se nosim sa svojom slabošću, ali u mom zanimanju to je strašan nedostatak. A kad bi moji neprijatelji, kojih imam popriličan broj, čuli za to, šta bi sve rekli! ... Pitam se kako ljudi to ne primećuju u razgovoru... Međutim, kako se oduvek mislilo da sam pomalo rasejan, oni to pripisuju tome. Ponekad sam proklinjao Tvorca i svoje postojanje. Plutarh me je naučio rezignaciji (ostavka, povlačenje), ukoliko je moguća, u suprotnom ću prkositi svojoj sudbini, iako će biti trenutaka u mom životu u kojima ću smatrati da sam
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najjadnije Božje stvorenje ... Povlačenje: kakvo jadno utočište... a opet, to je jedino koje mi je ostalo.” 1801. godine je napisao pismo: „Jedva da možeš da poveruješ koliko je neutešan i jadan moj život ove poslednje dve godine; moj oštećeni sluh me progoni kao avet i ja sam pobegao od ljudi, morao da se prikažem kao čovekomtzac, a nisam tome ni nalik... Za mene nema većeg zadovoljstva od toga da stvaram i prikazujem svoju umetnost ... ” On okrivljuje gubitak sluha za svoje čovekomrzje (mizantropiju), međutim ono se pojavilo mnogo ranije, bez obzira na to što je gubitak sluha takođe doprineo njegovoj rastućoj sumnjičavosti, nenormalnoj osetljivosti i sklonosti ka raspravama. Nastavio je da svira klavir uprkos gubitku sluha, diriguje pri izvođenju svojih dela i umnogome je uspevao da svoj sluh nadomesti vidom. Od 1814. godine postaje mu teško da svira klavir i više se ne pojavljuje u javnosti. 1817. godine je u potpunosti izgubio sluh i počinje da opšti isključivo pisanim putem, zbog čega i imamo tako mnogo njegovih opaski sačuvanih u njegovim knjižicama za prepisku.
Ludvig van Beethoven, 50 godina (Joseph Karl Stieler, 1820.)
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Betovena su više puta lečili od gubitka sluha, a bila mu je poznata i homeopatija. Ipak, nije poznato da li se lečio i homeopatski. 1825. njegov nećak Karl, napisao je u knjižici za prepisku: „Homeopatski metod sve više preovlađuje. Sastoji se od sasvim malih doza lekova i uglavnom stroge dijete. Oficir sa kojim sam bio, pati od problema sa sluhom već deset godina. Pre nekog vremena je konsultovao Hanemanovog sledbenika koji je primenio lek u neverovatno maloj dozi i opisao je dijetu koja je toliko stroga da mu nije dozvoljeno da jede ništa što se priprema na uobičajan način, već hrana mora da se priprema posebno za njega ...”
Ostala oboljenja
Utučenost (depresija) „Njegovo raspoloženje je često bilo setno” (Brojning), imao je ozbiljne napade utučenosti 1802. i 1812. godine. 1802. godine je patio od dubokog očaja i samoubilačkih misli usled gubitka sluha i verovatno usled odbijene prosidbe. Na vrhuncu ove krize napisao je Hejligenštad zaveštanje koje je izašlo na videlo tek posle njegove smrti. „Za moju braću Karla i Johana Betovena, O vi koji mislite ili govorite da sam neprijateljski nastrojen, tvrdoglav i čovekomrzac, koliko ste se ogrešili o mene, vi ne znate tajni motiv onoga što se vama pričinjava takvim. Od detinjstva moje srce i duša su bili naklonjeni dobronamernosti, uistinu, bio sam spreman da postignem velike podvige, ali samo se zamislite nad činjenicom da me je poslednjih 6 godina spopalo neizlečivo oboljenje, koje su dodatno pogoršali neuki lekari, podgrevajući iz godine u godinu nadu u poboljšanje stanja, sve dok na kraju nisam morao da se pomirim sa trajnim oboljenjem (čije lečenje će potrajati godinama, ukoliko je uopšte i moguće). Rođen sa vatrenom i živahnom naravi koja je bila podložna čak i društvenim razonodama, uskoro sam morao da se povučem u sebe, provodeći svoj život u samoći. Ukoliko bih povremeno pokušao da se izdignem iznad svega ovoga, o kako bih grubo bio odbijen dvostruko tužnim iskustvom svog lošeg
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sluha, ali nisam mogao da kažem ljudima: govorite glasnije, vičite, jer ja sam gluv ... I sad je gotovo, ja radosno žurim ka smrti. Ukoliko ona dođe pre nego što dobijem priliku da pokažem sve svoje umetničke sposobnosti, onda će doći prerano. Uprkos mojoj teškoj sudbini, ja bih zaista želeo da ona dođe kasnije, ali čak i onda biću zadovoljan. Zar me ona neće osloboditi od ovog neprestanog stanja patnje? Dođi kad god želiš, sačekaću te hrabro. Zbogom, i nemojte me sasvim zaboraviti kad umrem. To sam od vas zaslužio, jer sam za života često mislio na vas i kako da vas usrećim. Ludvig van Betoven Hejligenštad 6 oktobar 1802.” Nešto kasnije je napisao: „Još malo i ja bih okončao svoj život. Jedino me je moja umetnost zaustavila ...” Ova duboka potištenost išla je ruku pod ruku sa neverovatnom stvaralačkom snagom. U vreme nastanka Hejligenštad zaveštanja, Betoven je napisao svoju veselu Drugu simfoniju, i krajem godine se u potpunosti vratio svojoj umetnosti. Između 1801. i 1805. godine, prvi put se pojavilo 36 njegovih dela. U ovo vreme je radio i na delu „Eroica” kojim je izazvao preokret u muzici 19. veka. Ova simfonija je bila duža nego što je bilo uobičajno, harmonije su bile složenije, sa disonancama, i isprva je nisu razumeli. Jedan kritičar je napisao: „Ja sam jedan od najiskrenijih obožavalaca gospodina van Betovena, ali moram priznati da u ovoj simfoniji postoji previše napadnog i bizarnog, što nam onemogućava da sagledamo celinu, i osećaj jedinstva se gubi u potpunosti.” Njegov nalet stvaralaštva se nastavlja do 1811. godine. U to vreme je komponovao Leonore, Fidelio, i Valdštajn sonatu (Waldstein), kao i sonatu Apasionata (Appassionata), itd, ali je zatim njegovo stvaralaštvo splasnulo i on se sve više povlači u svoj svet, usled sve većeg gubitka sluha. „Moje uši su, nažalost, zid koji sprečava bilo kakvo prijateljsko opštenje sa drugim ljudima.” U isto vreme se žali kako „ovaj potpuno apsurdni svet ne bi mogao da čuje ni uz pomoć mašte”. Stoga, opštenje sa svetom je ne samo nemoguće već i bespotrebno pošto je ono od samog početka izvor razočaranja. Njegova sklonost ka samotnjaštvu se pojačala nakon smrti tri stara dobrotvora i nakon što su društveni i prijateljski odnosi sa ženama prestali da se podrazumevaju. 1812. godine Betoven je imao i drugi težak napad utučenosti i samoubilačkih misli. U to vreme je napisao pismo „Besmrtna Draga”.
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U jednom drugom pismu je napisao: „Odanost, draga odanost sopstvenoj sudbini, samo ovo se može žrtvovati tvojoj službi – O, kako teška borba! ... Nije ti dozvoljeno da budeš čovek, ne za sebe, samo za druge; za tebe nema radosti osim one koja se nalazi u tvojoj umetnosti – O Bože! Daj mi snage da pobedim sam sebe, ničemu nije dozvoljeno da me veže za život.” (1812) Njegova snažna sklonost ka hipohondriji, posebno strah od sušice, vidi se iz mnogih opaski i pisama.
Tegobe sa crevima
1795. godine prvi put se pominju njegove tegobe sa crevima, koje su verovatno počele još 1790. dok je boravio u Bonu. Celog života je patio od hroničnog proliva koji su pratili „bolni grčevi – moja uobičajna bolest” i ozbiljna slabost.
Hronični upala dušnica (bronhitis)
Njegovo „stezanje u grudima” se prvi put pominje nakon smrti njegove majke i verovatno je bilo posledica dugotrajne upale dušnica. Sve do kraja života s vremena na vreme je patio od „neprirodnog stanja grudnog koša”, verovatno usled hronične upale dušnica. Od 1804. godine često se pominju „povratne groznice” koje se najverovatnije takođe mogu povezati sa već navedenim.
Glavobolja
Počevši od 1807. Betoven prijavljuje da ga muče „užasne glavobolje” koje ga povremeno sprečavaju da radi. Od 1811. sve učestalije počinje da se žali na glavobolje, groznicu ili „upalu creva”. Godine 1816. i 1817. bile su jako loše u zdravstvenom smislu. Njegove tegobe sa crevima i strah od sušice činili su ga razdražljivim i ubijali su mu volju za radom. Oboljenja praćena groznicom kao i česte upale dušnica, koje su neretko trajale i po mesec dana i bile praćene pogoršanjem njegovih tegoba sa crevima, povremeno bi uzrokovali takvu slabost da nije bio sposoban da na duža razdoblja ustaje iz kreveta.
Oči
Rano u životu Betoven je počeo da patio od teškog oblika miopije. 1823. godine patio je od teških oboljenja koja su bila uzrokovana njegovim tegobama
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sa crevima i dugotrajnom i bolnom upalom očiju: „Noću sam morao da stavljam zavoj preko očiju da bi ih poštedeo.” (iridociklitis?)
Bolesti jetre
1823. godine je prvi put počeo da pati od kostobolje, a zatim od žgaravice koja je trajala tri meseca. Tokom celog svog života je pio alkohol i dnevno bi popio bocu vina. 1825. godine počeli su da se pojavljuju simptomi ciroze jetre i krvarenje ezofagijskih varikoziteta. Nakon toga njegovo zdravstveno stanje se pogoršalo ali je nastavio da radi.
Betoven u poznim godinama
Njegova sklonost ka samotnjaštvu se povećala nakon 1811. godine. Sa zdravstvenog stanovišta, 1816. i 1817. godina bile su najlošije godine za njega, a zatim se činilo da mu se povratilo stvaralačko nadahnuće. Uprkos neprekidnim tegobama sa zdravljem, radio je bez prestanka te je komponovao Misu solemnis (Missa solemnis), od 1818. i završio je 1823. Devetu simfoniju komponovao je od 1822-‐1824. i kasnije klavirsku sonatu i gudačke kvartete koji su imali skoro mistična obeležja.
Smrt
Nakon što je Karl pokušao da izvrši samoubistvo 1826, njih dvojica su otišli u posetu Ludvigovom bratu Johanu u Gneiksendorf (Donja Austrija) kako bi se odmorili. Betoven je tamo ostao dugo vremena i takođe je ponovo počeo da komponuje (gudački kvartet u F-‐duru op.135). Stomak mu je postajao sve veći i veći, noge su mu oticale i povremeno je bio vezan za krevet. Nakon svađe sa bratom, Betoven je krenuo nazad za Beč po hladnom vremenu, pri čemu je bio lagano obučen. Na putu je dobio temperaturu. Kada je stigao kući, ustanovili su mu upalu pluća, nakon čega je ubrzo usledila i gorušica, proliv sa povraćanjem i pojačano oticanje nogu. Lekar je napipao čvrste čvorove na jetri. Patio je od napada gušenja, zbog kojih je bilo neophodno napraviti „šav na stomaku” i doktor je uspeo da isprazni 14 litara ascita (mešina, tečnost u trbušnoj duplji). Postupak su kasnije ponavljali još tri puta. Posle duge patnje Betoven je umro 27. marta 1827. godine pod dramatičnim okolnostima: ”... kad je počela oluja, soba se iznenada ispunila svetlošću i zvukom grmljavine. Betoven je otvorio oči i podigao desnu pesnicu na nekoliko sekundi, sa ozbiljnim i pretećim izrazom lica. Kada mu je pesnica pala, zatvorio je oči i izdahnuo.”
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RASPRAVA O LEKU „SYPHILINUM” Mnogi od simptoma koji vam zapadaju za oko, nalaze se u Materia mediki za lek Sifilinum (Syphilinum). Ipak, ne bi bilo opravdano tvrditi da bi ovo bio Betovenov lek. Da biste imali potpunu sliku, slede simptomi koji u repertorijumu upućuju na Sifilinum. Simptomi za Sifilinum UM • Alkoholizam (3) • Alkoholizam – nasledni (1) • Sumnjičav • Lako se uvredi • Nasilan, psuje, mršti se • Maliciozan • Tvrdoglav, svojeglav • Pravi greške pri računanju • Strah od zaraznih bolesti (2) • Strah da ima nezlečivu bolest • Gubitak razuma, ludilo, megalomanija • Odbojnost prema društvu • Želja za društvom • Užurbanost, prenagljivanje • Hipohondar • Jadikovanje, žaljenje, plač • Teško se usredsređuje na računanje • Nije vešt u vršenju matematičkih radnji • Mrzovoljan, duri se • Razdražljivost, iritabilnost • Nemir • Tuga • Tuga zbog bolesti • Uteha, poboljšava • Uteha, pogoršava • Neposlušnost • Nije društven • Nezadovoljan • Zbunjenost prilikom računanja • Zbunjenost • Očaj
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• • • •
Očaj, oporavak Želja za pranjem ruku Ne podnosi suprotstavljanje Rastrojen
OPŠTE • Hladno kupanje, pranje, poboljšava • Kontinuirano kretanje, poboljšava • Želja za hranom i pićem, alkoholom GLAVA • Bol, izluđujući SLUH • Izgubljen OČI • Upala, dužica, iritis • Upala, dužica, iritis, reumatski • Bol, uzrokovan svetlošću VID • Miopija, kratkovidost ŽELUDAC • Žeđ za velikim količinama tečnosti, često • Želja za alkoholnim pićima Ono što je za mene zapanjujuće su mnogobrojni znaci utučenosti (depresivne naravi) u biografiji ovog čoveka. Dodeljivanje određene dijateze nije primarno medicinska dijagnoza već takođe pomaže i da se odredi kako pacijent reaguje na stresove i izazove u životu (ili previše, ili premalo, ili na pogrešan način), podložnost bolestima određenih sistema organa kao i način na koji neko pati od bolesti. U radu, prepoznavanje dijateze kojoj pacijent pripada, bilo da se radi o limfatičkoj, litemičkoj ili destruktivnoj dijatezi, korisno nam je, jer pomaže da otkrijemo kako da najbolje priđemo pacijentu (neophodna bliskost ili razdaljina), ali naravno i da otkrijemo prognozu i moguću ugroženost. Za mene je bilo bitno da pokažem da osobu sa razornom, destruktivnom dijatezom ne treba sagledavati samo u negativnim smislu, već da ove osobe
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mogu razviti i neverovatan potencijal za dobrobit i napredak čovečanstva ... u ovom slučaju – to je muzika. Sklonost osobe sa destruktivnom dijatezom vodi ka razornosti u svim oblastima (telo, duša, um), bilo do sopstvenog uništenja (rak, psihoze, ludilo itd.), bilo do uništenja svoje okoline pa i do uništenja celokupnih država. Ipak, kao što to možemo videti i u Betovenovom slučaju, ona može voditi i ka razvoju nečega pozitivnog i stvaralačkog. Homeopatija posebno nudi mogućnost da se, uz pomoć pažljivo odabranih lekova, nasleđene sile destruktivnog pacijenta (posebno dece) usmere u pozitivnom pravcu i da im se pomogne da žive ispunjenim životom. Kada bi neko pročitao Betovenovu biografiju, ne znajući ništa njegovim divnim delima, rekao bi kako je on bio jedno „žalosno ljudsko biće”, kao što je to bio slučaj sa Dorksijem. Ali ne i kada čuje Betovenovu muziku ...
PREGLED ŽIVOTNIH DOGAĐANJA 1770
Rođenje
1781
Kraj školovanja
1783
Postaje drugi dvorski orguljaš u Bonu
1787
Umire mu majka
1792
Dolazi u Beč
1795
Opus br.1, klavirski trio
1796
Putovanja u Prag, Drezden, Berlin
Klavirska sonata op.10, Počinje da gubi sluh klavirski trio u B-‐duru op.11
1798
„Pathetique”, 1798/99
1801
„Mesečeva sonata”
Betoven prvi put komentariše svoj gubitak sluha sa prijateljima
1802
Đ. Đućardi odbija njegovu bračnu ponudu
„Kreutzer Sonata”, 1802/03, Druga simfonija
Utučenost, samoubilačke misli, piše „Hejligenštad zaostavštinu”
1803
„Eroica”, izvedena 1805
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„Waldstein Sonata”, 1803/04 1804
„Appassionata”, 1804/05 Peta simfonija „Simfonija sudbine” do 1808, „Fidelio” 1804/05, 1806, 1814
Početak „malarične groznice”
1806
Koncert za violinu u D-‐duru, Koncert za klavir u G-‐duru, Četvrta simfonija
1807
„Pastorale”, 1807/08
„Samo ljubav mi može dati srećan život…” Početak „užasne glavobolje”
1810
Tereza Malfati odbija njegovu bračnu ponudu
„Album za Elizu”
1811
Počinje povlačenje
1812
Boravi u banji u Teplicu, upoznaje Getea
Sedma i Osma simfonija
Povećana izolacija, pismo „besmrtnoj dragoj”, utučenost, samoubilačke misli, mirenje sa sudbinom...
1814
Poslednji zvanični klavirski koncert koji je održao
Problemi prilikom sviranja klavira, umire princ Lihnovski
1815
Smrt brata Karla koji je umro od „galopirajuće sušice”, borba za nećaka Karla do1820.
1816
Zdravlje u najlošijem stanju do tad,problemi sa crevima, bronhitis, strah od sušice. Skoro da ne može da radi, do 1818.
1817
„Missa solemnis”, do1823, Sonata op.106, Hamerklavir
Potpuni gubitak sluha, korišćenje knjižica za opštenje
1818
Gubi starateljstvo nad Karlom
1820
Betoven ponovo dobija starateljstvo nad Karlom
1821
„Reumatski napadi”, gorušica
1822
Simfonija br.9 d-‐Moll gde je finalna horska deonica „Oda
Tegobe zbog gihta
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BRZI VODIČ ZA HOMEOPATSKE LEKOVE Pripremila: Vesna Ristivojević Preuzeto iz knjige „Iscelitelj u svakom domu” -‐ Bagbati Lennihan
ŠTA SAD DA RADIM?
Dok sebi postavljate ovo pitanje, sigurno se pred vama odigrava jedna od „akutnih” situacija, a vi se pitate sta je najbolje u ovom trenutku za odredjenu osobu, kako da joj pomognete? Možda će ovaj priručnik biti od pomoći tokom savladavanja malih i onih malo ozbiljnijih akutnih poziva upomoć. Pomoći će vam da pomognete sebi i svojim najbližima i da početne lečenje brzo, efikasno i sa poverenjem. „“ Kućni ormarić Ovo su neki od homeopatskih lekova koji će vam zasigurno poslužiti jer se najviše koriste: Akonitum ili Jedić (Aconitum), Arnika ili Brđanka (Arnica), Kalendula ili Neven (Calendula), Fosforus ili Fosfor (Phosphorus), Hiperikum ili Kantarion (Hypericum), Ignacija, odnosno jedna vrsta oraha (Ignatia), Arsenikum ili Arsen (Arsenicum), Nuks vomika ili Otrovni orah (Nux vomica), Gelsemijum ili Žuti jasmin (Gelsemium), Apis ili Pčelinji otrov (Apis), Rus toks ili Otrovni bršljen (Rhus tox), Brionija ili Debela tikva (Bryonia), Pulsatilaili Sasa (Pulsatilla), ima ih jos...
PRVA POMOĆ
Aconitum Neke od situacija: • Vaša petogodišnja ćerka istrajava u nameri da pomaže u kuhinji i u trenuku zgrabi nož, misli da se posekla i vrišti kao da se desilo ubistvo -‐ jedino što nema krvi, ona je samo uplašena. • Srce vam radi sto na sat, upravo ste imali lakši udes ili ste ga za dlaku izbegli • Vaša majka zove -‐ prestravljena je, jer ima lupanje srca
34
Upamtite za Akonitum! • Iznenada -‐ za jedno ili više stanja koja se iznenada pojave, iznenadan početak • Veliki strah -‐ kada je osoba na smrt preplašena, ili zamalo da umre ili se oseća kao „plašim se da ću od ovoga umreti“, nakon velikog straha sa prestravljenosću i nemirom, osoba se tako budi, zabrinutost • Srce -‐ ćesto lupanje srca • Hladan vetar -‐ može se koristiti kod infekcija koje se javljaju nakon hladnog vetra. Na primer, deca se zimi ugreju napoljui počnu da se znoje ispod teških kaputa, onda počne da duva vetar, nazebu i razbole se • usred noći -‐ kada se neko probudi bolestan usred noći, obićno pošto je nazebao tokom dana Sastavite ove stvari i dobićete ova stanja: upala bešike, prehlade, konjuktivitis, krup -‐ virusni laringitis, upale uha, visoke temperature, grip, laringitis, male boginje, bol u grlu...
Rescue remedy
Akonitum je prvi, a Reskju remedi (Rescue remedy) drugi lek koji trebate imati pri ruci za ovakve situacije. Reskju remedi vredi isprobati kod svih vrsta trauma, bilo da je telesna povreda ili emocionalni šok, bilo šta što se upravo desilo i zbog čega osoba drhti ili je uznemirena. Može čak i da zaceli telesne povrede. Reskju remedi se može uzeti i sa ostalim homeopatskim lekovima.
ČVORUGE, MODRICE, SPORTSKE POVREDE
Arnica, Bellis perennis
35
Neke od situacija: • Vaša cetvorogodišnja ćerka je upravo pala sa stolice, a vaš sin je istegao mišic igrajući fudbal • Vaš sedamnaestogodišni sin se oseća pretučeno posle ragbi utakmice • Vaša najbolja prijateljica je imala estetsku operaciju nosa i sada ne može da izadje iz kuće jer joj je lice modro
Šta ova stanja imaju zajedničko? • Udarac ili trauma, može biti od pada, od sportske povrede, od operacije -‐ često možete da vidite da se modrica formira • Osoba često kaže da oseća bol, da se oseća slomljenom, ili da je u modricama • Može se javiti otok zbog tečnosti koja curi iz popucalih krvnih sudova • Posle porodjaja za majku i bebu • Grip • Vadjenje zuba • Umor usled dugog putovanja avionom i nagle promene vremenske zone • Krvarenje is nosa, naručito posle udarca u nos • Bolni mišici, sportske povrede -‐ istegnuti mišici • Operacije Ključni simptomi • Modrice • Povrede mekog tkiva • „Dobro sam, ostavite me na miru!“ Neki homeopatski lekovi imaju „najboljeg prijatelja“ koji se ponaša kao pozadinska podrška ukoliko prvi lek ne deluje, a za Arniku ili Brđanku to je Belis perenis ili Bela rada.
36
Kad Belis perenis bolje deluje od Arnike? Kod povreda mekih tkiva grudnog koša, grudi, trbuha. Kod mamograma, probajte sa jednom dozom pre i posle, ili kada zadobijete jak udarac u grudi, za bolni osećaj ranjivosti posle porodjaja, ili posle hiruškog zahvata na abdomenu. Arnika će sjajno delovati, ali Belis perenis može još i bolje.
Calc.Fluor 6X
Ako neko lako zadobija modrice, to može da znači da su mu zidovi krvnih sudova isuviše osetljivi i može da pokuša da ih ojača sa Kalkarea fluorikom -‐ tkivnom soli, jačine 6X (odnosno 6D); Rastopite dve kuglice u ustima dvaput dnevno. Obično biste dali dve kuglice svaka četri sata sve dok su simptomi izraženi (jer upravo je došlo do povrede i zaista boli!), a potom dvaput dnevno, kada je osoba već na putu oporavka. Prestanite sa davanjem čim se osoba oseća bolje. Kad je hitno, dajte na svakih 15 min.
Symphytum
Simfitum se daje za tretitanje preloma. Jedini izbor za polomljene kosti, može da pomogne da isceljivanje traje upola kraće.
POSEKOTINE I OGREBOTINE
37
Calendula
Kalendula ili Neven obavlja nekoliko važnih stvari: • „Sastavlja“ dve strane posekotine • Pomaže pri sprečavanju infekcije • Umanjuje bol • Sprečava stvaranje ožiljaka Možete ga koristiti u vidu kuglica, kad se unese u organizam deluje istovremeno po celom telu, a možete i rastvoriti nekoliko kuglica u pola šolje vode, pa rastvor naneti spolja, tako što ćete sipati neposredno na ranu ili staviti na gazu, pa gazu na ranu. Verovatno ćete imati bolje rezultate ako koristite oba načina. Posle operacije:
Arnica, Calendula
Možeta da uzmete jednu dozu Arnike i jednu dozu Kalendule ranije, pre zahvata i dodatne doze kasnije, posle zahvata, prema potrebi.
Phosphorus
Fosforus moze da se koristi preventivno jer ublažava neželjena dejsta anestezije i za svakog ko je ranije imao poteškoća pri budjenju iz anestezije, preporučuje se uzimanje jedne doze unapred. Takođe potpomaže u kontroli krvarenja, naručito nakon vadjenja zuba.
38
KRVARENJE
Phosphorus • •
Krvarenje iz nosa, koje prosto ne može da prestane Krvarenje posle vađenja zuba
• •
Posekotina koja stalno krvari Obilno menstrualno krvarenje ako je svetlo crvene boje
Zapamtite tri stvari: • Svetlo crvena krv može obuhvatiti mnogo različitih stanja -‐ krvarenje desni nakon vađenja zuba, krvarenje iz nosa, hemoroidi koji krvare, postporođajno i obilno menstrualno krvarenje, izbacivanje krvi kašljem ili povraćanjem, posekotine kod kojih naprosto ne može da se zaustavi krvarenje, ili nakon operacije • Suv kašalj, promuklost, laringitis (upala grkljana) • Elektrošokovi, šok usled neispravnih električnih vodova, kada se dotakne el. ograda, udar groma Fosforus može da zaustavi krvarenje ili da pomagne da se ono kontroliše dok ne primite odgovarajuću medicinsku pomoć. Kada krvarenje prestane, prekinite sa davanjem homeopatskog leka.
ŽIVCI ili NERVI
Hypericum
Dva pojma: • Prignječeni živci • Bol u živcu, osećaj probadajućeg bola ili osećaj probadanja iglom duž živca
39
Primeri: • Kada se čekicem udarite u prst • Kada udarite usnu, pirsing na usni ili nekom drugon osetljivom delu • Rascepljenost ili zasek tokom porođaja • Ubodne rane • Povrede kičme, a naručito repne kosti • Bol u korenu zuba, osećaj bola poput tanke niti koja ulazi u vilicu • „Fantomski bol“ posle amputacije udova (osoba i dalje oseća bol kao da dolazi iz delova tela koji su odstranjeni) • Išijas, ako je bol probadajući
Kali.phos 6X
Kalijum fosforikum tkivna so je odlična kada imate osećaj nervne iscrpljenosti, ako puno vremena provodite učeći, ili ako ste pteterano koristili računar. Takođe možete nabaviti Nerve Tonic -‐ to je mešavina pet tkivnih soli koje sadrže Fosforus, jer je on veoma važan za živčani sastav.
PREHLADE
Arsenicum
Ključni pojmovi su:
40
• • • •
Anksiozan i ljut po pitanju opstanka u smislu -‐ zdravlje, novac, imati krov nad glavom Krajnja iscrpljenost Osećaj pečenja Pogoršanje posle noći, uključujući nesanicu
Kada to znate možete ga koristiti za mnogo toga: • Velika zabrinutost • Polenska groznica • Glavobolja • Nesanica • Bolovi u grlu • Afte u ustima • Koljuktivitis • Mučnina i povraćanje • Proliv, putnički proliv • Herpes zoster • Trovanje hranom • Grip Šta sada? Nos vam više ne curi, ali kijavica nije prošla, sada je sluz gušća. Ponekad najviše što možemo da učinimo jeste da ubrzamo tok, da telo brže prođe kroz svoj prirodni sled simptoma. Ako prvog dana uzmete jedan homeopatski lek, možda ćete narednog dana videti da ste već u drugoj fazi i da vam je potreban drugi lek, a trećeg dana da ste u poslednjoj fazi i da vam treba treći lek, koji odgovara tim simptomima. Zabeležite koji od homeopatskih lekova ste najpre koristili, onaj koji je promenio situaciju. Zapišite simptome i kada sledeći put budete imali te simptome, smesta uzmite odgovarajući lek i možda ćete uspeti da sprečite kijavicu, umesto da skraćujete njeno trajanje.
GRIP
Ima mnogo homeopatskih lekova koji mogu da se koriste protiv gripa ,ali držaćemo se jednostavnog principa i spomenućemo one najčešće.
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Na prvom mestu u slučaju gripa i drugih virusih stanja je Gelsemijum, sledeći je Arsenikum, a zatim Nuks vomika u slučaju da je grip udružen sa tegobama u varenju.
Gelsemium
Evo ključnih pojmova: • Ošamućen • Predviđajuća uznemirenost sa prolivom • Kada se čuju loše vesti i reagovanje • Emocionalna otupelost
Mnogo je načina da se koristi Gelsemium: • Zabrinutost pred odlazak zubaru • Uznemirenost pred odlazak veterinaru, za kućne ljubimce • Proliv • Nemir, strah (anksioznost) pre ispita • Groznica i jeza • Grip • Polenska alergija • Nesanica • Trauma • Vrtoglavica Možete da prepoznate osobe kojima je potreban Gelsemijum, jer su toliko umorni da ne mogu da ustanu iz kreveta, spušteni su im kapci, imaju groznicu i jezu, apatični su...
42
Arsenicum
Arsenikum zaista ima sličnosti sa slikom Gelsemijuma -‐ sa krajnjim umorom, ali ume da bude zabrinut i ljutit, nemiran i oseća nelagodu u krevetu iako je iscrpljen, Naručito je sklon da bude budan i nemiran izmedju ponoći i dva ujutro, što je njima najgore vreme. Skloni su bolovima u grlu i kijavicama.
Nux vomica
Nuks vomika je odličan homeopatski lek za probavni sistem -‐ od početka (gorušica) do kraja (hemoroidi). Koristite ga za grip kada osoba oseća jezu i osetljiva je na buku, na uznemiravanje (oni su zaista razdražljivi), ili na najmanju hladnoću koja uđe ispod pokrivača, gde će oni ostati umotani. Ako se nekom prispava nakon homeopatskog leka, to znači da isceljujuća energija dejstvuje, obavljajući duboko isceljenje.
Ferr.phos 6X
Brzi savet: saseći u korenu ! Ferum fosforikum, tkivnu so, potencije 6X ili12X (odnosno 6D ili 12D), otopite tri puta dnevno po dve tablete (ispod jezika): • Kad se osećate iscrpljeno • Kad mate onaj čudan osećaj grebanja u zadnjem delu grla, što znači da bolest želi da vas savlada • Kada znate svoje sopstvene simptome
UGANUĆA, ISTEZANJA, ZGLOBOVI KOJI ŠKRIPE
Rhus tox • • •
„Zardjala kapija“ -‐ u početku ukočeni, potrebno je zagrevanje Osećaju se bolje od toplote, vruće vode Čudna stvar koja se ne uklapa sa ostalima je promuklost kada se glas prekida i nestaje
43
Stanja kod koji možete da ga koristite: • Bol u leđima, bol u zglobu, uganuća i istezanja, povreda vratnih pršljenova u saobraćajnoj nesreći • Bol u grlu, groznica na usnama, herpes zoster, impetigo (zarazna bolest kože)
Bryonia
• • •
•
Skloni su da imaju suve sluzokože (usta, debelo crevo) i osećaju veliku žeđ Najmanji pokret može da boli Naručito je dobra za regije koje obezbedjuju podmazivanje izmedju delova tela, tamo gde se osetljivi delovi zglobova dodiruju, ili gde pluća dodiruju grudni prilikom disanja. Kada se ove regije isuše, pokret stvara bol! Lako su razdražljivi i žele da ih drugi ostave na miru
Načini na koje možete da koristite Brioniju: • Artritis, polomljene kosti, uganuća i istezanja (za bol) • Zatvor sa suvom stolicom • Suv kašalj koji izaziva bol • Glavobolje • Mastitis
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KOMPLET ZA PUTOVANJE
1. Arsenicum -‐ za putnički proliv 2. Nux vomica -‐ za poremećen stomak usled loše hrane; Pogoršanje usled uživanja u teškoj, masnoj hrani i alkoholu; Tegobe sa varenjem -‐ gorušica, muka, gađenje, povrćanje, hemoroidi, proliv, zatvor; Grčevi, bolovi u trbuhu; Razdražljivost; Hladnoća iako su pod pokrivačem -‐ nepodnošljivo je, jer i kroz najmanji otvor uđe promaja 3. Arnica, Calendula, Phosphorus -‐ trio za povrede 4. Carbo.veg -‐ ako idete na veću visinu gde ćete imati teškoće sa disanjem -‐ pomaže da telo bolje apsorbuje kiseonik. Uzgred, odličan je za gasove u crevima. 5. Cocculus -‐ ukoliko ćete menjati vremenske zone. Uzmite nekoliko kuglica pre poletanja i nekoliko kuglica kada sletite.
KNIGE U KOJIMA ĆETE UŽIVATI
• • • •
„Nemoguće izlečenje“ -‐ Amy Lansky „Priroda i ljudska ličnost“ -‐ Ketrin Koulter „Homeopatska revolucija“ -‐ Dejn Ulman „Pevačica „a capella“, koja je izgubila glas i druge priče iz prirodne medicine“ -‐ Ejmi Rotenberg
KNJIGE SA POSEBNIM TEMAMA
Prva pomoć za emocionalne probleme, lečenje emocionalne traume • „Homeopatski vodič za stres“ -‐ Miranda Kastro • „Bez prozaka“ -‐ Robert Ulman i Ddžudit Rajhenberg-‐Ulman • „Emocionalno lečenje homeopatijom“ -‐ Piter Čepel • „Homeopatija za dušu“ -‐ Kasandra Lorius
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him; He has pull’d down all upon him! What a terrible to-‐do! Dishes, glasses, snapt in two! Here a knife, and ther fork! Philip, this is naughty work. Table all so bare, and ah! Poor Papa and poor Mamma Look quite cross, and wonder how They shall make their dinner now. Attention-‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is considered to be a neurological syndrome that exhibits symptoms such as hyperactivity, forgetfulness, mood shifts, poor impulse control, and distractibility, when judged to be chronic, as symptoms of a neurological pathology. It is seen in both children and adults and is believed to affect between 3% to 5% of the human population. Much controversy exists surrounding the diagnosis, such as over whether or not the diagnosis denotes a disability in its traditional sense, or simply describes a personal or neurological property of a patient. Those who believe that ADHD is a traditional disability or disorder often debate over how it should be treated, if at all. According to a majority of medical research in the United States, as well as other countries, ADHD is now generally regarded as a non-‐curable neurological disorder for which a wide range of effective treatments are available. Methods of treatment include the use of medication, psychotherapy, a combination of both, as well as other techniques. Many patients are able to control their symptoms over time, even without the use of medication. ADHD is most commonly diagnosed in children. When diagnosed in adults, it is regarded as adult attention-‐deficit disorder (AADD). It is believed that
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anywhere between 30 to 70% of children diagnosed with ADHD retain the disorder as adults.
TERMINOLOGY The most appropriate designation of ADHD is currently disputed; the terms below are known to be used to describe the condition. A difficulty in the condition’s nomenclature arises when some scientific research suggests that certain behaviors are directly attributable to ADHD, while other research concludes that the same behaviors constitute disorders that need to be classified independently of ADHD. For the purposes of this article, the “Terminology” section will be used only to name ADHD and its near equivalents, while the names for its manifestations and subtypes will be listed in “Symptoms” section, below. • Attention-‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): In 1987, ADD was in effect renamed to ADHD in the DSM-‐III-‐R. In it, ADHD was broken down into three subtypes (see ‘symptoms’ for more details): o predominantly inattentive ADHD o predominantly hyperactive-‐impulsive ADHD o combined type ADHD • Attention deficit disorder (ADD): This term was first introduced in DSM-‐III, the 1980 edition. Is considered by some to be obsolete, and by others to be a synonym for the predominantly inattentive type of ADHD. • Undifferentiated attention-‐deficit disorder (UADD): This term was first introduced in the DSM-‐III-‐R, the 1987 edition. This was a miscellaneous category, and no formal diagnostic criteria were provided. UADD is approximately the predominantly inattentive type of ADHD in the DSM-‐IV-‐TR. The DSM-‐III-‐R diagnosis of attention-‐deficit hyperactivity disorder required hyperactive-‐impulsive symptoms in addition to the inattentive symptoms. • Attention-‐deficit syndrome (ADS): Equivalent to ADHD, but used to avoid the connotations of “disorder”. • Hyperkinetic disorders (F90) is the ICD-‐10 equivalent to ADHD. The ICD-‐10 does not include a predominantly inattentive type of ADHD because the editors of Chapter V of the ICD-‐10 believe the inattentivity syndrome may constitute a nosologically distinct disorder. o Disturbance of activity and attention (F90.0) o Hyperkinetic conduct disorder (F90.1) is a mixed disorder involving hyperkinetic symptoms along with presence of conduct disorder
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• •
•
o Other hyperkinetic disorders (F90.8) o Hyperkinetic disorder, unspecified (F90.9) Hyperkinetic syndrome (HKS): Equivalent to ADHD, but largely obsolete in the United States, still used in some places world wide. Minimal cerebral dysfunction (MCD): Equivalent to ADHD, but largely obsolete in the United States, though still commonly used internationally. Minimal brain dysfunction or Minimal brain damage (MBD): Similar to ADHD, now obsolete.
FORMAL DEFINITIONS
Neurologically, the U.S. Surgeon General and ICD-‐10-‐CM, describe ADHD as a metabolic form of encephalopathy, which impairs the release and homeostasis of neurological chemicals, thereby possibly reducing the function of the limbic system. From a developmental/behavioral standpoint, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-‐IV-‐TR states that ADHD is a developmental disorder that presents during childhood, in most cases before the age of seven, and is characterized by developmentally inappropriate levels of inattention and/or hyperactive-‐impulsive behavior. The DSM-‐IV also stipulates that in order to be diagnosed, the condition must also result in significant impairment of one or more major life activities, including interpersonal relations, educational or occupational goals, as well as cognitive or adaptive functioning. ADHD may be also diagnosed in adulthood, but symptoms must have been present prior to age seven, in order to yield a positive diagnosis.
SYMPTOMS OF ADHD
The symptoms of ADHD fall into the following two broad categories: Inattention: 1. Failing to pay close attention to details or making careless mistakes when doing schoolwork or other activities 2. Trouble keeping attention focused during play or tasks
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3. Appearing not to listen, when spoken to
4. Failing to follow instructions or finishing tasks
5. Avoiding tasks that require a high amount of mental effort and organization, such as school projects
6. Frequently losing items required to facilitate tasks or activities, such as school supplies 7. Excessive distractability
8. Forgetfulness Hyperactivity-‐impulsive behavior 1. Fidgeting with hands or feet or squirming in seat 2. Leaving seat often, even when inappropriate 3. Running or climbing at inappropriate times 4. Difficulty in quiet play 5. Frequently feeling restless 6. Excessive speech 7. Answering a question before the speaker has finished 8. Failing to await one’s turn 9. Interrupting the activities of others at inappropriate times A positive diagnosis is usually only made if the patient presents with at least six of the above symptoms. In addition, a positive diagnosis is made if six or more of these symptoms presented before the age of seven; the symptoms usually begin to appear between the ages of four and six. Children who grow up with ADHD often continue to have symptoms as they grow into adulthood. Adults face some of their greatest challenges in the areas of self-‐control, motivation, as well as executive functioning (also known as working memory). If the patient is not treated appropriately, co-‐morbid conditions, such as depression and anxiety may present as well. If a patient
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presents with such conditions as well, the co-‐morbid condition is usually treated first.
DIAGNOSIS
Due to the lack of objectivity that surround the critical factors, many question the reliability of ADHD diagnosis. The American Academy of Pediatrics Clinical Practice publishes guidelines to aid providers in making an objective diagnosis, but even if strictly adhered to, doubt still remains among some patients, as well as providers. Other diagnostic methods, such as those involving magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), may detect the presence of ADHD by analyzing images of the patient’s brain, are usually not recommended (see brain scans). In a majority of cases, diagnosis is therefore dependent upon the observations and opinions of those who are close to the patient; in many patients, especially as they approach adulthood, self-‐diagnosis is not uncommon. Publications that are designed to analyze a person’s behavior, such as the Brown Scale or the Conners Scale, for example, attempt to assist parents and providers in making a diagnosis by evaluating an individual on typical behaviors such as “Hums or makes other odd noises”, “Daydreams” and “Acts ‘smart'”; the scales rating the pervasiveness of these behaviors range from “never” to “very often”. Connors states that, based on the scale, a valid diagnosis can be achieved; critics, however, counter Connors’ proposition by pointing out the breadth with which these behaviors may be interpreted. This becomes especially relevant when family and cultural norms are taken into consideration; this premise leads to the assumption that a diagnosis based on such a scale may actually be more subjective than objective (see cultural subjectivism). The scales are further criticized, because they were originally developed to measure the effectiveness of stimulant medication, and not to detect ADHD. Therefore, the scales might merely evaluate a patient’s response to stimulant medication, such as Ritalin or Adderall, rather than the presence of ADHD.
CLINICAL TESTING The American Academy of Pediatrics Clinical Practice Guideline for children with ADHD emphasizes that a reliable diagnosis requires: 1. The use of explicit criteria for the diagnosis using the DSM-‐IV-‐TR.
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2. The importance of obtaining information about the child’s symptoms in more than one setting (especially from schools). 3. The search for coexisting conditions that may make the diagnosis more difficult or complicate treatment planning. A proper diagnosis is dependent upon a physician fulfilling all three of these criteria. The first criteria can be satisfied by using an ADHD-‐specific instrument such as the Conners Scale. The second criteria is best fulfilled by examining the individual’s history. This history can be obtained from parents and teachers, or a patient’s memory. The requirement that symptoms be present in more than one setting is very important because the problem may not be with the child, but instead with teachers or parents who are too demanding. The use of intelligence and psychological testing (to satisfy the third criteria) is essential in order to find or rule out other factors that might be causing or complicating the problems experienced by the patient.
COMPUTERIZED TEST Computerized tests of attention are not especially helpful in providing a further independent assessment because they have a high rate of false negatives (real cases of ADHD can pass the tests in 35% or more of cases), they do not correlate well with actual behavioral problems at home or school, and are not especially helpful in determining treatments. Both the American Academy of Pediatrics and American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry have recommended against the use of such computerized tests for now in view of their lack of appropriate scientific validation as diagnostic tools. In the USA, the process of obtaining referrals for such assessments is being promoted vigorously by the President’s New Freedom Commission on Mental Health.
BRAIN SCANS Neurometrics, PET scans, FMRI, or SPECT scans have the potential to provide a more objective diagnosis. However, these are not typically suitable for very young children, and may unnecessarily expose the patient to harmful radiation. Because the etiology of the disorder is unknown, and a complete neurological definition of this disorder is lacking, a majority of clinicians doubt the current predictive power of these objective tests to detect ADHD to be used to direct clinical treatment. Currently, the American Academy of
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Pediatrics and the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry recommend against using these neuro-‐imaging methods for clinical diagnosis of individuals who may have ADHD. They remain, however, useful research tools when studying groups of patients with ADHD. An October 2005 meta-‐ analysis by Alan Zametkin, M.D., with the NIMH entitled “The ADHD Report”, concluded that these diagnostic methods lack adequate scientific research on accuracy and specificity to be used as a primary diagnostic tool.
INCIDENCE
ADHD has been found to exist in every country and culture studied to date. While it is most commonly diagnosed in the United States, rates of diagnosis are rising in most industrialized countries as they become more aware of the disorder, its diagnosis, and its management. Nearly four million children younger than 18 in the United States had been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In general, 5-‐ 8% of children are likely to have ADHD while 4-‐5% of adults do so. More than twice as many boys have been diagnosed than girls (10% vs. 4%). The ADHD treatment rate among Caucasian children is significantly higher than among African and Hispanic Americans (4.4% Caucasian, 1.7% African, 1.5% Hispanic in 1997) The same study notes that outpatient treatment for ADHD has grown from 0.9 children per 100 (1987) to 3.4 per 100 (1997).
POSSIBLE CAUSES
Research indicates that the frontal lobes, their connections to the basal ganglia, and the central aspects of the cerebellum (vermis) are most likely to be involved in this disorder, as may be a region in the middle or medial aspect of the frontal lobe, known as the anterior cingulate. The cerebellum, which is believed to play important roles in “short-‐term memory, attention, impulse control, emotion, higher cognition, [and] the ability to schedule and plan tasks,” has been shown to be smaller in the brains of those who have ADHD.
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A 1990 study at the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health correlated ADHD with a series of metabolic abnormalities in the brain, providing further evidence that ADHD is a neurological disorder. The source of these differences is not yet known, but a couple of theories have been presented.
HEREDITARY DOPAMINE DEFICIENCY
Research suggests that ADHD arises from a combination of various genes, many of which have something to do with dopamine transporters. Suspect genes include the 10-‐repeat allele of the DAT1 gene and the 7-‐repeat allele of the DRD4 gene. Other studies have documented an association between ADHD and the dopamine beta hydrozylase gene (DBH TaqI). SPECT scans found people labeled as ADHD have reduced blood circulation, and a significantly higher concentration of dopamine transporters in the striatum which is in charge of planning ahead.
METABOLISM
It has long been suggested that ADHD could be the result of a nutritional problem. Recent studies have begun to find metabolic differences in these children, indicating that an inability to handle certain elements of one’s diet might contribute to the development of ADHD, or at least ADHD-‐like symptoms. For example, in 1990 the English chemist N.I. Ward showed that children with ADHD lose zinc when exposed to a food dye. Waring, McFadden, and others have shown that children with autism or ADHD are low in sulfation metabolism, in particular the enzyme Phenol Sulfotransferase-‐P. Some studies suggest that a lack of fatty acids, specifically omega-‐3 fatty acids can trigger the development of ADHD. Support for this theory comes from findings that breast-‐fed children are less likely to have ADHD than their bottlefed counterparts and until very recently, infant formula did not contain any omega-‐3 fatty acids at all. Time will tell whether or not this is coincidence or a true correlation.
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EXTERNAL FACTORS
There is no compelling evidence that social factors, alone, can create ADHD. The few environmental factors implicated fall in the realm of biohazards including alcohol, tobacco smoke, and lead poisoning. Allergies (including those to artificial additives) as well as complications during pregnancy and birth– including premature birth–might also play a role.
SMOKING DURING PREGNANCY It has been observed that women who smoke while pregnant are more likely to have children with ADHD. Nicotine is known to cause hypoxia (lack of oxygen) in the uterus. Hypoxia causes brain damage. Therefore it is entirely possible that smoking during pregnancy could cause the fetus to suffer brain damage.
HEAD INJURIES
It has been known for some time that head injuries can cause a person to display ADHD-‐like symptoms. This is possibly because of the damage done to the victim’s frontal lobes. This is also why one of the earliest names for ADHD was “Minimal Brain Damage”.
DOPAMINE DEFICIENCY CAUSED BY SLEEP APNEA Another theory is that ADHD is caused by brief pauses in breathing (apnea) during infancy. In October 2004, Dr. Glenda Keating and Dr. Michael Decker of Emory University presented data at the Society for Neuroscience’s annual meeting showing that repetitive drops in blood oxygen levels in newborn rats similar to that caused by apnea in some human infants is followed by a long-‐ lasting reduction in dopamine levels, associated with ADHD. Apnea occurs in up to 85% of prematurely born human infants. It remains to be seen whether or not these findings can be replicated in human babies.
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TREATMENT OF ADHD
There are many options available to treat people diagnosed with ADHD. The options with the greatest scientific support include a variety of medications, behavior-‐changing therapies, and educational interventions. Findings of a large randomized controlled trial suggest that: Medication alone is superior to behavioral therapy alone. The combination of behavioral therapy and medication has a small benefit over medication alone.
MAINSTREAM TREATMENTS The first-‐line medication used to treat ADHD are mostly stimulants, which work by stimulating the areas of the brain responsible for focus, attention, and impulse control. The use of stimulants to treat a syndrome often characterized by hyperactivity is sometimes referred to as a paradoxical effect. But there is no real paradox in that stimulants activate brain inhibitory and self-‐organizing mechanisms permitting the individual to have greater self-‐regulation. The stimulants used include: Methylphenidate – Available in: • Regular formulation, sold as Ritalin, Metadate, Focalin, or Methylin. Duration: 4-‐6 hours per dose. Usually taken morning, lunchtime, and in some cases, afternoon. • Long acting formulation, sold as Ritalin SR, Metadate ER. Duration: 6-‐8 hours per dose. Usually taken twice daily. • All-‐day formulation, sold as Ritalin LA, Metadate CD, Concerta (Methylphenidate Hydrochloride), Focalin XR. Duration: 10-‐12 hours per dose. Usually taken once a day.
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•
Amphetamines:
•
Dextroamphetamine – Available in: • Regular formulation, sold as Dexedrine. Duration: 4-‐6 hours per dose. Usually taken 2-‐3 times daily. • Long-‐acting formulation, sold as Dexedrine Spansules. Duration: 8-‐ 12 hours per dose. Taken once a day.
Adderall, a trade name for a mixture of dextroamphetamine and laevoamphetamine salts. – Available in: • Regular formulation, Adderall. Duration: 4-‐6 hours a dose. • Long-‐acting formulation, Adderall XR. Duration: 12 hours. Taken once a day. Methamphetamine – Available in: Regular formulation, sold as Desoxyn by Ovation Pharmaceutical Company. Usually taken twice daily. •
• • • •
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Bupropion. A dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, marketed under the brand name Wellbutrin. Atomoxetine. A norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI) introduced in 2003, it is the newest class of drug used to treat ADHD, and the first non-‐stimulant medication to be used as a first-‐line treatment for ADHD. Available in: Once daily formulation, sold by Eli Lilly and Company as Strattera. This medicine doesn’t have an exact duration. It is to be taken once or twice a day, depending on the individual, every day, and takes up to 6 weeks to begin working fully. If the intake schedule is interrupted, it may take a few weeks to begin working correctly again.
Second-‐line medications include: • Benzphetamine – a less powerful stimulant. Research on the effectiveness of this drug is not yet complete. • Provigil/Alertec/Modafinil – Research on this drug is not yet complete. • Cylert/Pemoline – a stimulant used with great success until the late 1980s when it was discovered that this medication could cause liver damage. Although some physicians do continue to prescribe Cylert, it can no longer be considered a first-‐line medicine. In March 2005, the makers of Cylert announced that it would discontinue the medication’s production. • Clonidine – Initially developed as a treatment for high blood pressure, low doses in evenings and/or afternoons are sometimes used in conjunction with stimulants to help with sleep and because Clonidine
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sometimes helps moderate impulsive and oppositional behavior and may reduce tics.
Because most of the medications used to treat ADHD are Schedule II under the U.S. DEA schedule system, and are considered powerful stimulants with a potential for diversion and abuse, there is controversy surrounding prescribing these drugs for children and adolescents. However, research studying ADHD sufferers who either receive treatment with stimulants or go untreated has indicated that those treated with stimulants are in fact much less likely to abuse any substance than ADHD sufferers who are not treated with stimulants.
ADHD AND ADD MEDICATION SIDE EFFECTS
ADERALL SIDE EFFECTS The most common side effects are restlessness or tremor; anxiety or nervousness; headache or dizziness; insomnia; dryness of the mouth or an unpleasant taste in the mouth; diarrhea or constipation; or impotence or changes in sex drive. CONCERTA SIDE EFFECTS In the clinical studies with patients using CONCERTA®, the most common side effects were headache, stomach pain, sleeplessness, and decreased appetite. Other side effects seen with methylphenidate, the active ingredient in CONCERTA®, include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, nervousness, tics, allergic reactions, increased blood pressure and psychosis (abnormal thinking or hallucinations). RITALIN SIDE EFFECTS Nervousness and insomnia are the most common adverse reactions but are usually controlled by reducing dosage and omitting the drug in the afternoon or evening. Other reactions include hypersensitivity (including skin rash, urticaria, fever, arthralgia, exfoliative dermatitis, erythema multiforme with histopathological findings of necrotizing vasculitis, and thrombocytopenic purpura); anorexia; nausea; dizziness; palpitations; headache; dyskinesia; drowsiness; blood pressure and pulse changes, both up and down; tachycardia; angina; cardiac arrhythmia; abdominal pain; weight loss during prolonged therapy.
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Allergic reactions: skin rash, hives, drug fever, joint pains possible. Headache, dizziness rapid and forceful heart palpitation-‐infrequent. STRATTERA SIDE EFFECTS Upset stomach, decreased appetite, nausea or vomiting, dizziness, tiredness, some weight loss, and mood swings were the most common side effects. In rare cases, Strattera can cause allergic reactions, such as swelling or hives, which can be serious. Your child should stop taking Strattera. Call your doctor or healthcare professional if your child develops any of these symptoms.
ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT FOR ADHD There are many alternative treatments for ADHD, most of them heavily disputed or relegated to adjunct status with medication treatment. This section attempts to deal with the most prominent of the alternative treatments. Bear in mind that the term “alternative” may mean unscientific because there are little or no credible scientific studies to support these suggested interventions, rather than there being experimental evidence against the intervention. NUTRITION As noted above there are indications that children with ADHD are metabolically different from others, therefore it is believed that diet modification may play a major role in the management of ADHD. Perhaps the best known of the dietary alternatives is the Feingold diet which involves removing salicylates, artificial colors and flavors, and certain synthetic preservatives from children’s diets. Granted, according to a recent meta-‐ analysis, there is little scientific evidence for the effectiveness of the Feingold diet in treating ADHD specifically, but this could be because much research has focused on food dyes, and the diet eliminates much more than that. It has been documented since the early 1970’s that poor diet and food allergies could be related to ADHD, or that there could be improvements in an ADHD individual by putting them on a specific ADHD Diet. Often ADHD individuals have physical symptoms as well that could be due to food allergies such as, asthma, chronic ear infections, migraines, eczema, chronic infections, etc… Dr. Benjamin Feingold made the original claims that certain foods and food additives could trigger ADHD, and when he tested this diet with his patients he found success. He claimed that 30-‐50% of his ADHD patients benefited from his ADHD Diet (free of artificial colorings and salicylates). As
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the ADHD Diet Information and the word of Dr. Feingold’s success became widely known, skepticism and controversy emerged. The first study that supported Dr. Feingold’s ADHD Diet Information in 1976 found that at least 4 out of 15 children diagnosed with ADHD improved on a diet free of artificial colors and flavors. Many breakfast cereals, candies, chips, breakfast bars, ice creams, boxed macaroni and cheese, canned ravioli’s, sodas, and pretty much everything your child loves to eat contains artificial colors and flavors. Our Standard American Diet (SAD) consists of processed foods, red meat, refined carbohydrates, food additives, soft drinks, and fried foods. With that said, it is a good idea for the whole family to follow an ADHD Diet. This program is recommended for every member of the family. It’s not just an ADD diet. It’s the same program that we put professional athletes and business executives on for optimized performance, with only minor changes. We have found that it really helps about 20% of the ADHD kids that try it. The most common feedback that we get from parents is, “Well, it helped my kid somewhat, but I really feel great!” Results fall into a “Bell Curve.” A few do great, a few are completely unaffected, and most do somewhat better but it is not enough as a stand-‐alone intervention. Please have realistic expectations. But please try it. It just may be a big help to your family.
First, what NOT to eat for TWO WEEKS:
1) NO DAIRY PRODUCTS, especially cow’s milk. This is the single most important restriction. Instead try Almond milk, Rice milk, or Better Than Milk. Drink water instead of milk. In fact, drink lots of water. The brain is about 80% water, and increasing your water intake to 7 to 10 glasses per day might be helpful all by itself. Sodas, Gatorade, teas, ices, etc., do not count as water. Water counts as water. 2) NO YELLOW FOODS. Especially Corn or Squash. Bananas are white. Don’t eat the peel. 3) NO JUNK FOODS. If it comes in a cellophane wrapper, don’t eat it.
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4) NO FRUIT JUICES. Too much sugar content. One small glass of apple juice has the sugar content of eight apples. Later on you can have juice, but dilute it with water 50/50. 5) CUT SUGAR INTAKE BY 90%. If you can, cut it down to zero. Sugar is in just about everything, but give it a try. Do your best without going crazy. 6) CUT CHOCOLATE BY 90%. No more than a single piece, once a week. 7) NO NUTRASWEET. None. Period. 8) NO PROCESSED MEATS and NO MSG. Only get meats with labels that say, “Turkey and Water,” etc. If the meat has chemicals listed that you can’t pronounce, don’t buy it. 9) CUT FRIED FOODS BY 90%. 10) AVOID FOOD COLORINGS WHENEVER POSSIBLE. See if your child is sensitive to any particular colors, such as Reds, Yellows, etc. For now, though, avoid all if possible. SUMMARY: Just eat foods that God made for a while. Eat like people did in the 1940’s. Go to a used book store and get a Betty Crocker’s Cook Book for recipe ideas. There really are about 10,000 meals that you CAN eat. Just not much in the way of “fast foods” or “convenience” foods. AFTER TWO WEEKS begin adding these foods back into your diet, one food every other day. Eat A LOT of that food every day for four days. If you have a problem with one of the foods, you will see some kind of a “reaction” within four days. The reaction can vary from big red splotches on the body to ears turning bright red to explosive temper outbursts. If there’s a problem, you’ll know. If there’s no problem, enjoy the food.
WHAT TO EAT TO FEED THE ADHD BRAIN:
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1) FOR BREAKFAST SERVE HIGH PROTEIN, LOW CARBOHYDRATE MEALS. Say, “Good-‐bye,” to Breakfast cereals and milk. Serve 60% Protein and 40% Carbohydrates for Breakfast. Other meals should be 50% / 50%. 2) PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTS might be needed to get the added protein for Breakfast. They are often very helpful in the afternoon as well. Here is our favorite recipe for a Protein Shake: a) Make a cup of coffee, using one of General Mills’ International Coffees, or something like that, with a flavor that you or your child will like (yes, I know I’m breaking my own rules here, as these coffees have dried milk and some sugar, but I’m trying to get your kid to actually drink the thing, and also get some caffeine mixed with the protein.). Pour the hot coffee into a blender with about 6 oz of ice. Turn on the blender for a bit. b) Add a good quality protein powder. There are many good ones available. If you can’t find one that you like, ask at your local health food store. Get protein powders that are mostly protein and very little carbohydrate. Add between 15 and 20 grams of protein to the cold coffee in the blender. c) Turn on the blender again. d) Drink it up. This protein shake is helpful for a lot of people. For many small kids, and many adults, this recipe works about as well as a small dose of Ritalin (100 mg of caffeine is roughly the same as 5 mg of Ritalin). So many who might just take a small dose of Ritalin might get away with just doing this. Don’t forget, though, that even caffeine can have some side effects. Every once in a while we find someone that has problems with the caffeine in the coffee. Usually, though, the caffeine in the coffee helps the person to focus better. The protein helps to feed the brain. If you find this helpful, have one with Breakfast, and one around 3 pm. If it is not helpful, then don’t bother with it. 3) MINERAL SUPPLEMENTS may be helpful. Colloidal Minerals or fully chelated minerals are the best. We like the MinPac from VAXA, but there are several good choices. Don’t buy minerals in the grocery store. Get good minerals.
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4) FLAX SEED or PRIMROSE OIL. High sources of Omega oils. Borage oils and some fish oils are good as well. Very important. Mix about a spoonful a day into foods as you prepare them, or add to salad dressings, etc. 5) EAT LOTS OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. Avoid Aluminum exposure. Eat in a healthy manner. Try it out and let us know what you think. Oh, before you email back and ask, “Well, what can we eat?” please look through your Betty Crocker Cook Book and you’ll find hundreds of recipes that will fit. It’s the convenience foods that are most of the problem. Re-‐discover the lost art of cooking. In the 1980s vitamin B6 was promoted as a helpful remedy for children with learning difficulties including inattentiveness. After that, zinc was promoted for ADD and autism. Multivitamins later became the claimed solution. Thus far, no reputable research has appeared to support either of these claims, except in cases of malnutrition. Currently the addition of certain fatty acids such as omega-‐3, is thought to be beneficial, but there is not much evidence to support this either. It is claimed by some with ADHD that commonly available mild stimulants such as caffeine and theobromine have similar effects to the more powerful drugs commonly used in treating the disorder. Herbal supplements such as Gingko biloba are also sometimes cited. While there is no scientific evidence to support this claim, it is widely accepted by those who wish to avoid strong medication.
TECHNOLOGY BASED ALTERNATIVS
There has been a lot of interesting work done with neurofeedback and ADHD. Children are taught, using video game-‐like technology, how to control their brain waves. Although some clinical professionals consider the treatment promising, there is not yet sufficient evidence that it remains effective after the immediate treatment is complete. A thorough review of the scientific research by Sandra Loo, Ph.D. and Russell Barkley, Ph.D. (Developmental Neuropsychology 2005) concluded that neurofeedback does not have adequate support from appropriately conducted scientific studies to support it as an intervention at this time.
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Audio visual entrainment uses light and sound stimulation to guide and change brainwave patterns. Compared to other technology based alternative treatments it is inexpensive but probably not covered by health insurance. It is safe for most but cannot be used by those suffering from photosensitive epilepsy due to the risk of triggering a seizure. There is no scientific evidence to support this treatment at this time nor does it appear to be consistent with current evidence on the causes of ADHD.
CEREBRAL STIMULATION
There exist several exercise programs based on cerebellar stimulation that are used to treat ADHD, Asperger’s syndrome and many learning difficulties like dyslexia, dyspraxia, etc. Most prominent are the DORE program, the Learning Breakthrough Programâ„¢ and the Brain Gym®, based on Educational Kinesiology. These programs include balance, coordination, eye and sensory exercises that specifically stimulate the cerebellum. As noted above several studies have shown that the cerebellums of children with ADHD are notably smaller than their non-‐ADHD counterparts. Cerebellar stimulation assumes that by improving the patient’s cerebellar function many of the symptoms can be reduced or even eliminated permanently.
ADD COACHING ADD Coaches work with AD/HD individuals, helping them prioritize, organize, and work on other important life skills. They also help clients to learn about their specific challenges and gifts, thus helping clients to be more realistic in setting goals for themselves. Most coaches give emphasis to finding their client’s strengths and arranging for them to spend more time in areas of strength, while minimizing time spent dealing with areas of difficulty that will not likely be helped by coaching or other interventions. While certain things may always be a challenge, ADD Coaching provides structure and support for helping individuals deal with those difficult tasks as well.
CONTROVERSY
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While ADD/ADHD is a known psychiatric condition, there are various theories about the cause and some controversy over the number of persons diagnosed and the cost of medications. Some denial in families may also relate to the negative perception of the condition as a hereditary brain disorder. The ADHD diagnosis is controversial and has been questioned by some professionals, adults diagnosed with ADHD, and parents of diagnosed children. They point out the positive traits that children with ADD have, such as “hyperfocusing.” Others believe ADHD is a divergent or normal-‐variant human behavior, and use the term neurodiversity to describe it. See below for further elaboration of the many controversies concerning this disorder.
SCEPTICISM TOWARDS ADHD AS A DIAGNOSIS
Many have wondered why the number of children diagnosed with ADHD in the U.S. and UK has grown so dramatically over a short period of time. However, doctors often claim that improving methods of diagnosis and greater awareness are probably in part, if not mostly the reason for this increase. Critics have complained that the ADHD diagnostic criteria are sufficiently general or vague to allow virtually any child with persistent unwanted behaviors to be classified as having ADHD of one type or another. One critic points out that most children with ADHD have no difficulties concentrating when they are doing activities that are fun, such as playing video games which they can do for hours completely focused. This critic argues that the symptoms of ADHD describe children when they are bored and unconnected to a task.
LACK OF DEFINITIVE EVIDENCE
The biological evidence, though repeated and repeated, when scrutinized more closely is not what it seems. For example Zametkin’s impressive looking brain image at the beginning of this article, contrasting differences in brain activity in those with the diagnosis is a picture of those with and without the diagnosis while doing an assigned task. Thus a person (with ADHD) who is not doing the assigned task will have a different looking picture of the brain’s activity on that basis alone. If brain imaging is done while one person moves their arm and another doesn’t there will also be a demonstrable difference. In
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this particular case the so-‐called biological evidence may turn out to be inconclusive. In 1998 NIH called together most of the experts in this field. They issued a consensus statement. This is the next to last sentence of that report: “Finally, after years of clinical research and experience with ADHD, our knowledge about the cause or causes of ADHD remains largely speculative. Consequently, we have no documented strategies for the prevention of ADHD.” While a believer that ADHD is a biological condition Xavier Castellanos M.D.,then head of ADHD research at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) (interviewed October 10, 2000 on Frontline was very explicit about the extent of our biological information
Workshop
This is a small workshop for those who wants to understand what is the internal feeling of persons who suffer from ADHD syndrome • One of the basic things in ADHD syndrome is the disability of giving priority, ranking the information which is coming from the external world. • It means that all information and attraction which come from outside are ofs the same intensity. • ADHD person have great difficulties in classifying them; to give priority, determine on which more attention should be paid.. • All this creates great confusion, great pressure which, in the end, produces impulsiveness, behavior disorder, hyperactivity … This is a small exercise to give an example of that feeling, sensation of confusion, that specific state of an ADHD person.
Description of exercise
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For this workshop we need five persons. One of them, who will act ADHD should stand in the middle. In front of her stands a person who conducts this exercise. His or her task is to vituperate with yowling on ADHD for 2 minutes, and then next 2 minutes of reproaching without yowling. All this is happening continuously. The other 3 persons are standing behind the ADHD person and their task is to say over 10 words, randomly chosen, monotonously for 4 minutes 67
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o Mind; concentration – difficult Excessive distractibility o Mind; distraction o Mind; confusion Forgetfulness o Mind; forgetful
Hyperactivity-‐impulsive behavior
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• • • •
Fidgeting with hands or feet or squirming in seat o Mind; restlessness; children in o Mind; restlessness; sitting, while-‐work, while Leaving seat often, even when inappropriate o Mind; restlessness¸diner; drives him from place to place Running or climbing at appropriate times o Extremities; motion – constant Difficulty in quiet play Frequently feeling restless o Mind; restlessness; motion, amelioration o Generals; restlessness
Excessive speech
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Mind; speech -‐wild Mind; speech – foolish Mind; speech – hasty
Answering a question before the speaker has finished
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Mind; answering – hastily Mind; answering – disconnected Failing to await one’s turn Interrupting the activities of others at inappropriate times
Specific themes
These are some specific themes on mental-‐emotional level, which can help us to better understand internal sensation, deep feelings of persons who have ADHD 1. Self-‐control 2. Focusing – attention – totality of attention
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•
concentration on individual attraction
1. Sense of time – sense that a lot of time has past, time is passing very fast • no sense for time 1. No self-‐experience in continuum 2. Repeating mistakes 3. Sensation that he/she is “OK” – you have to accept me as I am • basic need to be accepted, to be loved • manifestly, he is not good, because of disorder of behavior, but without any evil intention
“I am ok, but you are not”: This is an attitude that occurs in later states and progresses with delinquency, serious disorders of behavior. • suffering – neglected, does not belong anywhere • anger – cannot control • molestation of animals, or those weaker than he is • difficulty with authorities • harden on punishment “I am not OK, anymore”: • withdrawal • failure, on every field • narcomania, other types of delinquency • depression • violent behavior • sense of guilt • suicide • Impatience
HOMOEOPATHIC REMEDIES
Aconite
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Indicated especially for those who often have strange and irrational fears, fears and sweating at night, a tendency to fevers, croup, and thirst.
Anacardium
Indicated especially for those who feel put down, isolated, and separated from the world; for those who feel pathological inferiority; those who feel need to prove themselves; test-‐taking anxiety in which the person goes blank.
Argentum nitricum
Indicated when there is antagonism within the self, the mind is of two wills, the person imagines devils speaking in one ear and angels in the other, like Jekyl and Hyde. It is indicated for people who can be cruel and malicious, often after a history of being abused or belittled; for those who swear; and for those who act as if they lack a conscience.
Aranea ixabola
Indicated for excessive teasing, especially teasing and manipulating by acting cute; for those who act as a mischievous leader, inducing others to disobey; and for those who are fascinated with spiders.
Arnica
Used for children in shock, or who have never been well since a shock or trauma, even trauma from a difficult birth. It is often confused with Sulphur.
Aurum metallicum
Used for children who act like little adults; who want affection, but don’t know how to express emotional needs; for those who can be cold to their family, and have a hard time making friends. It is indicated for those who are perfectionist, and who can be bitter and negative; for those who try hard and don’t want to fail; for those who tend to sinus problems, nasal congestion, and moaning in sleep; and for those who feel better from music.
Baryta carbonica
Used for those who can be sweet, timid and fearful or be the class clown, acting goofy and acting out. It is indicated for apparent arrested or delayed mental, physical or social development; for children who are shy, self-‐ conscious, with self-‐limitation, feeling defective. It is used for those with the fear of looking bad, being laughed at, and criticized; for those who feel incompetent and incapable. It is indicated for those who feel that they are being laughed at, mocked, or criticized; and for those who are timid due to fears, especially the fear of making a mistake. It is used for those who feel that they are being watched; for those who dare not look up; for those who act childish and immature; for those who have difficulty with schoolwork. It is
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used for those who are backward or behind; for those who are often the teacher’s pet; and for those who tend to tics and glandular swellings.
Baryta iodatum
Used for those who are irritable, hurried, restless, and nervous; who have difficulty concentrating; and who have a canine-‐like appetite.
Belladonna
Used for those who are forgetful, slow, and have a poor learning ability; sensitive to noise and light; have night terrors and fear of ghosts; look wild when angry; have large heads, with bright red cheeks. The belladonna person often looks well, even when sick; tends to otitis media; complains of hot and throbbing discomfort; and often craves cold drinks, especially made from lemons and oranges.
Bismuthum subnitricum
Indicated for children who cling desperately to their mothers and are terrified when alone and who tend to be thirsty for cold water, but can have acute stomach pain in which even water is vomited as soon as it reaches the stomach.
Bufo rana
Used for those who have difficulty relating well to others; have narrow focus; don’t understand danger; have seizures or autism; have a slow, coarse appearance; can hug or bite you; masturbate or show a premature interest in sex. These children rely on basic instincts and need instant gratification; are upset when not understood; cannot tolerate music or bright objects; often present with eczema, nail biting, and may have protruded tongue or a gaunt face with stupid expression.
Calcarea bromatum
Indicated for restlessness in flaccid, chubby children.
Calcarea carbonica
Indicated for those who feel unsafe; are afraid of robbers, dogs, heights, and airplanes — any situation with potential risk to physical safety; are cautious and protective; fear that others will perceive their confusion and think them insane; feel as if everything is horrible; are stubborn and methodical; are obstinate and strong-‐willed; can be slow, hesitating; and of a chunky build; and sweat on the head as infants.
Calcarea phosphorica
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Indicated for those who feel frustrated and dissatisfied; act fussy and peevish; for young children who are restless, shy, and fearful, but who love to take chances and play tricks, even act like daredevils. These children feel as if they are away from home and must get home; are athletic; love travel, change, and new experiences; complain of growing pains, especially in the bones; desire smoked meats; tend to have abdominal gas, colic, slightly swollen abdomen; and often have tonsillar hypertrophy.
Cannabis indica
Used for those who feel isolated, disconnected, anguished, terrified, and even sometimes ecstatic. This remedy is indicated for those who feel spacey, confused, and inattentive; have time and space disorientation; fear going insane; feel like everything is a dream with even familiar things which seem strange or unreal (derealization); act as if in a dream or off in space; can’t pay attention for long; but are good at science projects until theorizing causes them to lose touch with reality; are absent-‐minded; can be obsessive-‐ compulsive; appear as if on drugs with a “stoned” look in eyes; and have parents who used marijuana excessively. There are three common behavioral variations of this remedy: (1) presenting as laughing, giggling, and clowning around; (2) presenting as ethereal and airy; and (3) presenting as brassy, loquacious, and liking to dress up in olden-‐day clothes.
Capsicum
Indicated for those who are intensely homesick, discontented, brooding, irritable, absent-‐minded, disobedient, and angry; who appear extremely obstinate; who are contrary, even against something they want if suggested by someone else. Capsicum is prescribed for those who fear being censured and are easily offended; who are restless, clumsy, and run into things; who have difficulty sleeping at night, but yawn during the day. It is used for those who can wake in a fright, screaming, or full of fear and who are worse form any draft, even warm air. Capsicum children are often seen in daycare with frequent otitis and bright red ears. They can have a pale face and puffiness under the eyes, as well as rashes.
Carcinosinum
Indicated for those who are fearful, timid, unhappy, worried, and obstinate, yet sensitive to reprimand and music; appear dull of mind, disinterested, and averse to conversation. They can be very sympathetic to others; can be very tidy or very messy; love to travel and will over-‐extend themselves; frequently suffer from insomnia; and strongly crave or dislike salt, milk, eggs, fat meat, and/or fruit. The onset of symptoms often occurs after a severe reaction to a vaccination. Frequently there is a family history of cancer. These individuals
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may have brownish cafe-‐au-‐lait complexion with many pigmented moles, bizarre tics, or blinking eyes.
Chamomilla
Indicated for those with bad temper, who are very irritable and impatient; who are complaining, frustrated, restless, and thirsty; who are contrary, not knowing what they want; who demand one thing and then want something else. The chamomilla child is fidgety and quiets down once he has attracted attention. He wants to be carried everywhere, but will whine and scream. He will settle down if carried, jiggled, or rocked. These children show aversion to being touched with hypersensitivity to pain, feel pain is unbearable, feel that everything is intolerable, and can become so hyperactive that he will get exhausted and begin to cry. The child shows dullness of the senses with a diminished power of comprehension, as if they were hard of hearing. All symptoms are worse at night
Cina
Indicated for children who are cross, contrary, and disobedient with very difficult behavior. These children do not want to be touched or looked at and turn away when approached. Nothing satisfies them for long. They are restless, fidgety and fretful, especially during sleep. They grind their teeth at night and wet the bed, and may have parasites, such as pinworms. Their sleep is restless, accompanied by jerking, frequent swallowing and coughing. They often sleep on their abdomen or the hands and knees (Medorrhinum). They may have an irritated nose causing a constant desire to rub, pick, or bore into it until it bleeds. Their ears can be itchy. They often show twitching of the face muscles and eyelids, and are even inclined to seizures. Their appetite can be ravenous with strong thirst, and craving for sweets. These children often have large bellies.
Colocynthis
Indicated for those who are easily offended, especially by feeling unappreciated, by insults, or humiliations. They are moody and overly sensitive, and want to be alone. They tend to have abdominal cramps and sciatic pain, and may bend forward for relief.
Cornus circinatus
Indicated for those who don’t want to think, read or work. They have an inability to concentrate on thoughts, don’t understand what they are reading, and tend to aphthous stomatitis, flatulence, and weakness upon waking.
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Crotalus horridus
Indicated for those who are intense, animated, hurried, restless, and talkative. They have many fears, especially that someone might be following them or that they hear footsteps behind them. They fear being alone, spirits, ghosts, snakes; and can strike out in fits of rage. They resent and blame other children for getting them into trouble, report dreams of hairy spiders, and tend to have hives and epistaxis.
Cuprum metallicum
Indicated for those with anxiety at night, fears of kidnappers or the house catching fire, and are known for sticking their tongues out.
Ferrum metallicum
Indicated for those who are strong-‐willed and persistent, fight for their beliefs, have a sluggish mind with difficulty collecting their thoughts, tend to anemia and headaches, are often obese, with an aversion to eggs, and crave or detest tomatoes
Gallic acidum
Indicated for those who will hurt their loved ones.
Helleborus
Indicated for those who feel stupid, that they cannot cope with life’s challenges, and that their mind is sluggish. They appear dull and unresponsive; often have a history of encephalitis or head injury, and have difficulty memorizing or articulating thoughts. They have a tendency to despair and a strong aversion to making any effort, yet are easily angered. They have been observed to bite their spoon when eating without being aware of it, have a history of fever and/or head injury. One often needs to follow quickly with Hyoscyamus. This remedy picture is often easily confused with Sulphur and Med.
Hyoscyamus
Indicated for difficult children with poor impulse control, even though engaged in premeditated actions; talk excessively with episodes of mania and rage that might include hitting and screaming, also inclined to depression after manic phase; can be manipulative, lying, and violent; seem unable to think; unresponsive to questions or cannot bear anyone talking to them; intense and violent excitability with fear, delirium, and the delusion of being poisoned; feelings of abandonment, jealousy, suspicion; fears of dark, dogs, water; delirious; delusions of animals, of being pursued by enemies, as if s/he might be injured by surroundings; sees ghosts, specters; very animated, seeming
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silly and foolish; smiling and laughing at everything, often inappropriately; talks nonsense; acts out ridiculous gestures like a dancing clown or monkeys, trying to be center of attention, often with sexual overtones; giddy; love to run around naked, can be a totally shameless exhibitionist with bizarre behaviors for shock value, including cursing; tries to embarrass parents; jealous of their siblings, often may injure them; cannot tolerate being covered up.
Kali bromatum
Indicated for restless children, who always have to be doing something, especially with the hands, including activities like throwing.
Lachesis
Indicated for those who are loquacious, agitated and hyperactive, and restless and moody with strong emotions. They may be very jealous of siblings, or even of the same sex parent, and tend to be vengeful, sarcastic and nasty. They can be especially hurtful (and intuitively accurate) with insults; and can have a self-‐destructive personality, with a marked lack of confidence and a tendency to severe depression, withdrawal, and hopelessness. They hate any kind of physical or behavioral restriction, like tight clothing or being “grounded”; and cannot bear authority and run away from home. They tend to self-‐criticism and irritability; often reproach themselves severely; and may also show aggression which surfaces easily and makes them difficult to live and work with. They are known for suspicion with a marked preoccupation about others; and frequently feel that others are often criticizing them and putting them on the defensive. All symptoms are worse upon waking, when they typically feel unrefreshed and even more agitated, often complaining of a suffocative feeling.
Lycopodium
Indicated for those who are insecure, who act like bullies, and are cocky and boastful, often with overcompensation. They may show a marked lack of confidence and many fears, with underlying cowardice; can be dictatorial and bossy at home where they feel safe; and may have delusions of being a great person. They fear looking bad, need to cover up; are afraid of failure; are afraid to try anything new or to try again having failed once. They fear being injured; may see phantoms and other images; display both fear and bravado; are usually intelligent and may look older than their years, but often suffer from dyslexia, confusing words or letters. They may show performance anxiety, prefer younger friends, want to please authority figures, tend to have abdominal gas; get more tired, restless, and irritable between 4 and 8 p.m. These children don’t want to sit down at the dinner table, but prefer to run around.
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Lyssinum
Indicated for those who bite, growl, snarl, scratch, and act rabid. They are easily enraged; angry, but repent quickly, have remorse. They feel tormented and abandoned, as if they have suffered some wrong. These children feel as if they have been injured or abused. They often have a history of abuse, and may be children of violent parents. They strike out at presumed tormentors; and are self-‐destructive, with an impulse to cut his or her self. They can be defensive, as if being attacked or insulted. They may have a history of dog bite; animal-‐like behavior; aggravated by sound of running water; may have fears of water or reflected water, dogs, small rooms. They may crave chocolate and salt and have enuresis.
Mancinella
Indicated for those who fear evil, devils, and being possessed; may develop fears or obsession with evil after seeing a scary movie; and may have delusions that his or her soul has been surgically removed. The child says someone is taking things away. They may have asthma or bronchitis.
Medorrhinum
Indicated for those who are irritable, agitated, and in a hurry. They may have a racing mind and lust for experience, especially sensual. They may feel a need to hide her/himself, because s/he has a defect or is somehow flawed. They have anticipatory anxiety; delusions that someone is behind him or her or that someone is touching their head; fear that something dreadful has happened; a sense that everything is strange or unreal; a fear of going insane; a terrible memory, and may be forget. They may be mentally dull, unstable emotionally, have fits, can be reckless and impulsive; obsessive-‐compulsive, rigid; may be cruel or loving to animals; want to stay up late at night, feels better at night, yet can fear dark and monsters. They may have a history of diaper rash as a baby, and later skin rashes and asthma; nail biting; hot feet; and may sleep with their knees to the chest.
Natrum muriaticum
Indicated for children who act like “little adults,” display extreme watchfulness; sit in their mother’s laps during the interview; are often tidy, not wanting to lose control; and are sweet, except with their family. They may show silent grief or may have shrieking tantrums; may be confidante to one parent and nasty to other; may have concomitant anorexia; may display shyness with urination, especially in a public place; may crave salt, worsened by the sun; and may dislike slimy foods and fat.
Natrum sulphuricum
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A specific remedy for depression after head injury. It is often seen with grief after parents’ divorce. Children who want this remedy have a strong sense of duty to family; can be suicidal; suffer existential anxiety and may have a nihilistic attitude toward life; have sadness relieved by music; often experiment with drugs; are born older; and tend to have asthma and warts.
Nux moschata
Indicated for children who pass out with the slightest injury or no obvious provocation; are giddy, spacey, and mentally confused. These children can be the perfect child – cooperating with parents, sharing, doing chores, going to bed on time; and tend to sleepiness, constipation and dryness of eyes, mouth and tongue.
Opium
Indicated for children with difficulty concentrating; spaciness; painlessness of an obviously painful complaint; being out of touch; having complaints from fright or after head injury; having constipation; having sleep apnea; and the mother often having been given drugs during pregnancy or labor.
Platina
Indicated for children who are insecure, volatile, flirtatious, arrogant and contemptuous (usually girls); are forsaken and unloved with a need to reconnect to people, but have the illusion that others are physically and mentally inferior; and underneath have feelings of failure, rejection, and a lack of confidence. These children want to look good; and can be very forward with even young girls putting out a sexual message and tend to be jealous of other women. These children may be emotionally stuck, tending to live in and dwell on the past. They can have strong feelings of anger, indignation and paranoia. They may have overwhelming and aggressive impulses that provoke the most severe depression and confused states, alternately indescribably happy and laughing at the saddest thing, then insufferably sad, hopeless and terrified by any serious thought. They need excitement or melodrama; can be very restless children who cannot remain in one spot and may experience marked anxiety with trembling, as well as oppressed breathing and violent palpitations.
Phosphorus
Indicated for children with the fear of being unloved, isolated, and having lost all their friends; children who are psychic; and children who see ghosts, spirits, specters. They may have a sense of being on a distant island; are concerned that they have an incurable disease; are gregarious, bubbly, and good-‐natured; are sensitive, sympathetic, and kind; are sweet and compassionate; and can be spacey.
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Scorpion
Scorpion is used for children who are violent if provoked or just for the fun of it, for children whose parents fear being harmed by the child; for children who lack conscience and compassion for the suffering of others. These children are detached, like solitude, can attack if bothered; and are indifferent to pain or pleasure.
Stramonium
Indicated for children who are violent or fearful; who are severely hyperactive, easily terrified, and inclined to violent agitation and fits of rage; and whose speech is loud, fast, and possibly incoherent. These children show feelings of terror and abandonment; are afraid of the dark, dogs, evil, suffocation and abandonment. Their thirst is great, yet they dread water. They have fears of death; believe s/he is always alone, and are especially afraid to be alone at night, become overly vigilant to combat these fears and become violent if controlled. They have nightmares and night terrors that become increasingly worse between midnight and 2 a.m. They often awake screaming; see ghosts, specters, spirits; have a horror of glistening objects; have delusions of animals, of danger; are clinging. They are aggressive; bite, kick, strike; use threatening language; can have seizures or personality change after a head injury, frightful episode, or trauma (especially being chased by dogs). They can be useful in autism or Tourette’s. These children can be sweet all day and have terrors at night.
Sulphur
Used for children who are egotistical; try to control feeling with mind; hate being scared; feel as if they are being scorned; have delusions that s/he has been disgraced; are messy and tattered but think they look fine. These children can be lost in thought, absent-‐minded, spacey; forgetful, loses things; has visions; full of theories and dreams, loves science fiction; can be a loner with limited social skills; prefers computers, reading, mechanical things
Tarentula hispania
Indicated for children who are frenzied, are worse with music; act wild and crazy; love to sing and dance; feel as if never enough time; feel as if s/he has been insulted; sense of a stranger in the room. They see faces on closing eyes; have episodes of raving delirium; are mischievous and sneaky; tease and hide; cut things; hurried, always restless.
Tuberculinum
is indicated for those who revolt against restriction and need to feel free. They always desire and seek change, travel and have new experiences; always feel dissatisfied; and feel as if there is never enough time. They are afraid of (and
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often torment) dogs, cats; have delusions that s/he can fly, that someone is following her/him, that he is surrounded by animals; feel everything is strange; are compulsive and uncontrollable; are destructive; throw tantrums; break things; are precocious; and are often malicious.
Tuberculinum aviare
Indicated for those who show extreme restlessness with great weakness; diminished appetite of long duration; and a tendency to otitis.
Veratrum album
Veratrum album is indicated for those who are inconsolable after fancied misfortune; have a racing mind and agitated actions; and are driven to act on impulses. They may show religious mania; are overly religious; feels s/he is in communication with God; delusions that s/he is a great person or somehow distinguished. They have delusions of animals; are always busy but often fruitlessly so; have impulses to kiss or touch others; are hurried, restless, and fidgeting, poking others; and are precocious.
Zincum metallicum
Indicated for children who are fidgety and restless, and especially known for restless feet and legs. These children have an overactive nervous system; twitch, jerking, and even have convulsions; and are sensitive, irritable, and prone to rage. They often make mistakes in writing and speaking; feel like they have committed a crime; can have tendency to lick everything; and may look like little old people.
BACH REMEDIES
Suggested Bach remedies which are used for treatment of ADHD: Cherry 6 • Re-‐establishing self-‐control; controlling impulses • Complementary homeopathic remedies: Stram, Hyosc, Bell, Verat, Bufo, Aur, Arg Nit, Alum, Plat, Hydr, Hep Sulph
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LETNJA ŠKOLA ”SIMILLIMUM 2015” AGENDA Period Lokacija
Od 10.7.2015 (petak) do 13.7.2015. (ponedeljak) Zemun, Pregrevica 128
1. dan: Petak, 10.7.2015. od 16 do 20 sati • od 16.00 do 16.45 Registracija učesnika (predaja 3 slučaja verifikovana od mentora, projekata, rešenja prvog dela ispita) i zajednička izrada plana prezentacija za vreme Letnje škole • pauza 15 minuta • od 17.00 do 20.00 ”Kako učiti Materija mediku?" - predavanje prof. dr Vladimir Holodkov (sa pauzama) 2. dan: Subota, 11.7.2015. od 9.30 do 17.30 sati • od 9.30 do 11.30 ”Kako učiti Materija mediku?" - predavanje prof. dr Vladimir Holodkov (nastavak i kratke vežbice) • pauza 15 minuta • od 11.45 do 13.30 Radionica u formi uvoda u dokazivanje homeopatskih lekova (ovo je redovno vikend predavanje na V godini studija) • od 13.30 do 14.30 pauza za ručak • od 14.30 do 17.30 prezentacije projekata po rasporedu sa mini pauzama 3. • • •
dan: Nedelja, 12.7.2015 od 9.30 do 17.30 sati od 9.30 do 13.30 Prezentacija projekata po rasporedu sa mini pauzama od 13.30 do 14.30 pauza za ručak od 14.30 do 17.30 prezentacije projekata po rasporedu sa mini pauzama
4. dan: Ponedeljak, 13.7.2015 od 9.30 do 16.00 sati • od 9.30 do 14.30 Prezentacija projekata po rasporedu sa mini pauzama • od 14.30 do 15.30 zajednička evaluacija Letnje škole i zajedničko fotografisanje • od 15.30 do 16.30 zajednička zakuska u organizacija ”Simillimuma” LETNJA ŠKOLA Letnja škola je obavezna za studente III i V godine. Zbog ograničenog prostora, Letnja škola ove godine neće biti otvorenog tipa. Ispit: • Ispit se sastoji od dva dela (blagovremeno će studenti biti obavešteni).
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Rešenja ispita moraju biti vidno obeleženi ko je radio (ime i prezime). Pravilno obeležavanje se odnosi i na 3 slučaja i projekte koji se predaju u formi standarda kako ste obavešteni ranije. Rezultati ispita biće objavljeni do 1.8.2015. Rezervni termin za polaganje ispita biće subota pre početka prvog predavanja IV godine u septembru 2015.
RUČAK Biće organizovan ketering i svako će moći da bira jelo za naredni dan na osnovu ponude. Troškove ručka snose učesnici Letnje škole. Na lokaciji se tokom pauze može koristiti osveženje (voda, kafa, čaj). LOKACIJA (OBJEKAT)
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LOKACIJA (MAPA) (OBELE(ENO SA BROJEM 1) Organizatori Letnje #kole &e na prigodan i vidljiv na$in obele"iti poziciju objekta (a la bilbord) U$esnici iz Ni#a mogu da obezbede sme#taj u adekvatnom objektu u Zemunu u blizini lokacije Letnje #kole, koja je neposredno iznad Dunava.
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IMPRESSUM
Glavni i odgovorni urednik: Tatjana Babi! Tehni!ki urednik: Prof. dr Vladimir Holodkov "tampa: Redakcija: III godina: Erceg Vesna Ristivojevi! Vesna Stevanovi! Biljana Raji! Du"an Ure#iva!ki odbor: Dr med. spec. Liljana Bibi!-Baji! Dr med. spec. Jasmina Jovi! Dr med. Sanja Mir#i! – Cime"a Dr med. Verica Lazovi! Izdava!: Udru$enje za "irenje i unapre%enje klasi#ne homeopatije “Simillimum”, Beograd Web sajt: www.simillimum.edu.rs E-mail: simillimumbgd@gmail.com Tira$: ELEKTRONSKA VERZIJA (ON-LINE VERSION)
CIP – %&'&()*+,&-+.& / 0/1(+2&-+.+ 3&4)567 1+1(+)'727 841+.7, 97)*4&5 ”SIMILLIMUM TIMES» : :asopis homeopatskog centra i ;kole ”Simillimum” Volume 6, broj 4 – jun 2015 – Beograd (D$ord$a Va;ingtona 28/II sprat) Udru$enje za ;irenje i unapre#enje klasi!ne homeopatije «Simillimum» FORMAT: JIS B5 Izlazi !etiri puta u ;kolskoj godini.
ISSN 1821-3405 COBISS.SR-ID 1713