Mobile Apartment

MOBILE APARTMENT SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF AIR POLLUTION CAUSED BY LONG-DISTANCE COMMUTING IN MANHATTAN

MOBILE APARTMENT AIR POLLUTION CAUSED BY LONG DISTANCE COMMUTING IN MANHATTAN POPULATION GROWTH

1826547

1826547

ANNUAL SALARY IN FIVE BOROUGHS OF NEW YORK CITY

1826547

1826547

1826547

1826547

1826547

POP

HOUSE PRICES IN FIVE BOROUGHS OF NEW YORK CITY BOROUGHS

BOROUGHS 78,770

MANHATTAN

1,290,000

MANHATTAN

AGE 85 75 70 65 60 55 50

STATEN ISLAND

25,670

STATEN ISLAND

BRONX

25,165

BRONX

MAJOR COMMUTERS

0

45 40

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

30 25 20

BOROUGHS

POP OUTFLOW

MANHATTAN

-132,000

699,000 579,908 550,000

0

$

500,000

TRAFFIC HEAT MAP

DAILY POPULATION INFLOW AND OUTFLOW

35

969,000

QUEENS

70,767

BROOKLYN

80

BROOKLYN

74,994

QUEENS

90

POP INFLOW

QUEENS

1,630,000

-614,000

249,000

-529,000

232,000

5 BROOKLYN 2000

2005

2010

2015

NOW

2025

2030 YEAR

Manhattan has an estimated population of 1.63 million people, all living in an area of just 23 square miles. This gives Manhattan a population density of 70,826 people per square mile, or 27,346 per square kilometer. Manhattan is the most densely populated of the five NYC boroughs and also the most densely populated county in the United States. It is more dense than any city in the country and one of the most densely populated areas on earth.

BRONX STATEN ISLAND

129,000

-291,000

26,000

-114,000

-1000,000

0

Manhattan’s net population increases by 1.50 million people during the weekday, while New York City’s outer boroughs lose hundreds of thousands of residents who are commuting into the central business districts in Manhattan every morning.

1,000,000 2,000,000

1,500,000

AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION PM 2.5 MICROGRAMS PER SQUARE METER

15 10

1,000,000

POP

8 LESS POLLUTED

14 MORE POLLUTED

THERE IS HEAVY TRAFFIC IN MANHATTAN

PROBLEMS OF MANHATTAN

CONCEPT LONG DISTANCE COMMUTING

AIR POLLUTION

COLLECTIVE RESIDENCE

CROWDED POPULATION

LAND SHORTAGE

EXPENSIVE HOUSING

HEAVY TRAFFIC

AIR POLLUTION

MANHATTAN

PM2.5 EATER

$

MOBILE APARTMENT SOLVE THE AIR POLLUTION PROBLEM IN MANHATTAN THROUGH COLLECTIVE APARTMENT AND PM2.5 EATER MOST PEOPLE COMMUTE BY PRIVATE CAR IS ONE OF THE CAUSES OF AIR POLLUTION Emissions from transportation contribute a significant amount of pollution to our air on a daily basis, every year motor vehicles contribute approximately 11% of the local fine particulate matter.

76.5%

THEORY OF AIR PURIFICATION BY PM2.5 EATER

Ⅰ Air.

Ⅲ Send positive ions into the air.

Ⅱ Air polluted by PM2.5.

Ⅳ Positive ions quickly attach to PM2.5.

OF COMMUTERS DRIVING PRIVATE CARS

PRIVATE CAR

80% of commuters who commute by private car are forced to use private cars because of the long commute distance.

VOLUNTARILY

AIR

FORCED

SHORTER COMMUTING DISTANCE CAN MAKE PEOPLE WILLING TO COMMUTE BY BIKE 100%

POSITIVE IONS

Our analysis shows there is a very large potential for reducing emissions and exposure if all car drivers living within a distance corresponding to a maximum of a 30 min bicycle ride to work would change to commuting by bicycle.

80%

PM2.5

PM2.5 EATER NEGATIVE CHARGE

POSITIVE IONS

LOWER CARBON EMISSIONS 60%

REDUCE COST

40%

BIKING

IMPROVE HEALTH

WALKING

INCREASE HAPPINESS

PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION

20%

The electrodes of the PM2.5 Eater emit positive ions into the air and negatively charge the counter electrode.

When positive ions are emitted into the air, they will quickly attach to PM2.5.

The counter electrode will capture PM2.5 attached by positive ions.

COUNTER ELECTRODE

CARPOOL 0% 2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

MILES

PRIVATE CAR

The captured PM2.5 will be stored in the dust storage tank.

DUST STORAGE TANK

MOBILE APARTMENT CAN SHORTEN COMMUTING DISTANCE MOBILE APARTMENT

Mobile Apartments are located in several places where workers gather most in Manhattan, reducing the daily commuting distance of commuters.

APARTMENT RESIDENT

COMMUTER

Site: Manhattan Distance from work: Close Cost: Low

Commuting distance: Short Commuting time: Short Choice of transportation: Bicycle Pollutant emission: Low Happiness index: High Health index: High

WORK PLACE

Commuting distance: Long Commuting time: Long Choice of transportation: Private car Pollutant discharge: High Happiness index: Low Health index: Low

HOUSE

Site: Other boroughs Distance from work: Far Cost: Low

PM2.5 POSITIVE IONS AIR Ⅵ The captured PM2.5 is collected in the dust storage tank.

Ⅴ PM2.5 with positive ions is captured by the counter electrode.

MOBILE APARTMENT TYPE, MATERIAL AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF THE MOBILE APARTMENT APARTMENT TYPES TYPE Ⅰ: 6000*9000*3000

TYPE Ⅱ: 9000*9000*3000

TYPE Ⅲ: 12000*9000*3000

BEDROOM KITCHEN DINING ROOM BATHROOM STUDY BALCONY LIVING ROOM CLOSET BAR COUNTER

CONSTRUCTION

GLAZING

INNERMOST LAYER

INNERMOST PANE

ALUMINIUM ALLOY 25MM

CARDINAL GLASS INDUSTRIES LOE 180 ON 4MM CLEAR 4.06MM

WINDOW GAS KRYPTON 12MM

SECOND PANE

INSULATION LAYER

CARDINAL GLASS INDUSTRIES FLOAT GLASS - 4MM 3.9MM

VACUUM INSULATION PANEL 250MM

WINDOW GAS KRYPTON 12MM

OUTERMOST LAYER

OUTERMOST PANE

ALUMINIUM ALLOY 25MM

SAGEGLASS GRAY 9MM LAMI FULL CLEAR 45%T 8.83MM

ENERGY CONSUMPTION LIGHTING (ELECTRICITY)

KWH 80 60

HEATING (GAS)

40 COOLING (ELECTRICITY)

20 0 JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

DHW (ELECTRICITY)

MOBILE APARTMENT USING PM2.5 EATER TO PROVIDE CLEAN AIR FOR MANHATTAN PBL HEIGHT AND PM2.5 MASS CONCENTRATION

EXPLODED VIEW

PBL HEIGHT (M) 800

DUST STORAGE TANK Dust storage tank is where PM2.5 is collected.

LID When the dust suction fan starts working, lid opens and lets PM2.5 into the dust storage tank.

700 600

SECONDARY DUST PASSAGE After the main dust passage inhales enough PM2.5, the secondary dust passage feeds PM2.5 into the dust storage tank.

500 400

SECONDARY DUST SUCTION FAN The secondary dust suction fan draws PM2.5 from the main dust passage into the secondary dust passage.

300 170

200 100

MAIN DUST PASSAGE The main dust passage sends PM2.5 adsorbed by the counter electrode to the secondary dust passage.

0 0

100

HEIGHT OF PM2.5 EATER 250.000

170.000 The height of the PM2.5 Eater is set to 170 meters, which is the height of the highest pm2.5 concentration.

±0.000

200

300

PM2.5 (µG M−3)

MAIN DUST SUCTION FAN The main dust suction fan draws the PM2.5 adsorbed by the opposite electrode into the main dust passage.

ELIMINATES ULTRAFINE DUST Ultrafine dust is captured and transformed into coarse particles. Because coarse dust is not air-borne, it cannot be inhaled. The danger to human health by inhalation has therefore been eliminated.

COUNTER ELECTRODE When air passes through the counter electrode, PM2.5 attached by positive ions is adsorbed to the counter electrode.

EASY TO CLEAN No liquids, cleaning agents or chemicals are required to remove the collected particles. This enables a simple automatic cleaning process.

SHELL The shell protects the internal structure of the PM2.5 Eater.

MINIMAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION The systems use positive ionization technology and therefore consume little energy. The technology can be applied to any air volume and velocity, maintaining high efficiency and low energy consumption.

OPTICAL FEEDBACK Through the visual light feedback we can clearly see the internal efficiency of the PM2.5 Eater.

VENTILATION FAN The ventilation fan draws air into the PM2.5 Eater.

POSITIVE ION ATTACHMENT SURFACE When air passes through the positive ion attachment surface, the positive ions quickly attach to PM2.5.

NO FILTERS Because the particles are captured without using traditional filters. As a result, it is not necessary to purchase or replace filters. In addition, the absence of filters in the system reduces energy consumption.

POSITIVE ION GENERATOR The positive ion generator sends positive ions into the air.

THE DISAPPEARANCE OF LIGHT Ⅰ: SERIOUS AIR POLLUTION

HOW DOES THE PM2.5 EATER WORK Ⅱ: AIR CONDITION HAS IMPROVED

Ⅲ: GOOD AIR ENVIRONMENT

Changes in air quality cannot be directly observed by the naked eye. We use optical feedback to make people observe the changes of air all the time.

With the reduction of air pollution, light will gradually weaken. Using this visual method, people can directly see the improvement of air quality.

The ventilation fan sucks the polluted air from the bottom of the PM2.5 Eater, discharges the filtered air from the top of the PM2.5 Eater, and collects the PM2.5 separated from the air.

AIR FLOW CLEAN AIR

TIMELINE

POLLUTED AIR

MOBILE APARTMENT MOBILE APARTMENT BASE STATION PARTS AND APARTMENT MOVEMENT APARTMENT TRANSFER STATION

TRANSPORTATION CORE

SHELL

SUSPENSION ARM

The apartment transfer station is located at the top of the Mobile Apartment. It consists of a shell, a hatch door, a suspension arm and a number of rails.

The apartment transfer station of each Mobile Apartment is connected by a rail.

STAGE Ⅳ

The stage Ⅳ elevator runs through the entire residential floor of the Mobile Apartment. In consideration of the large number of residents in Mobile Apartment, there are six elevators on each floor. When a floor resident moves the apartment, the initial and target floors of the Mobile Apartment rotate, and the stage Ⅳ elevator will be out of service for a few minutes.

STAGE Ⅲ

After reaching the atrium via the stage Ⅱ elevator, people can take the stage Ⅲ elevator. Different from the previous elevators that went straight to the destination, the elevator in this stage leads to four floors: the first floor is the atrium hall, the second and third floors are the atrium platform, and the fourth floor is the platform connected with the elevator in stage Ⅳ, through which people enter the residential floor of the Mobile Apartment.

STAGE Ⅱ

When the stage Ⅰ elevator reaches the highest point, it is connected with the stage Ⅱ elevator, and people enter the stage Ⅱ elevator directly through the elevator door. At this stage, the elevator journey is very short and people can take the stage Ⅱ elevator to reach the atrium.

STAGE Ⅰ

This is where people enter Mobile Apartment. There are three stage Ⅰ elevators, each connected to a rail leg, and people ride this stage elevator along the rail to the stage Ⅱ elevator. The 28-square-meter, glass-walled elevator offers views of the Manhattan skyline. When the stage Ⅰ elevator climbs to a certain height, people can also observe the PM2.5 Eater up close.

RAIL

ATRIUM PLATFORM ELEVATOR

The atrium connects the apartments above to the PM2.5 Eater below. With good ventilation and natural light, it also provides a place for people to relax without having to leave the Mobile Apartment to access the public space.

PM2.5 EATER

APARTMENT MOVEMENT

COUNTER ELECTRODE

PM2.5 Eater is an important component of the Mobile Apartment, which provides clean air for Manhattan. Low energy consumption also keeps the Mobile Apartment's carbon emissions in an acceptable range.

STEP Ⅱ: LIFT

OPTICAL FEEDBACK POSITIVE ION ATTACHMENT SURFACE

LEGS

STEP Ⅲ: TRANSPORT

RAIL LEG

The atrium can be reached by an elevator connected to the rail legs.

SUPPORT LEG

The support leg supports the entire weight of the Mobile Apartment.

ELEVATOR

The legs as the support of the whole Mobile Apartment occupy very little ground, the Mobile Apartment uses the minimum ground area to achieve as many functions as possible, 300 square meters of area to carry a PM2.5 Eater and 250 to 750 residents.

L TATAB E RO

DUST STORAGE TANK DUST PASSAGE

The main residents of Mobile Apartment are mostly young people, who often change jobs.

Apartment movement solves the problem that people use private cars again due to the longer commuting distance caused by changing jobs.

The base station of each Mobile Apartment has a total of 50 floors, the shape of the residential floor is hexagonal. The five sides of each residential floor can connect the apartment, and the other side is a large French window, where people can enjoy the beautiful skyline of Manhattan.

One side is left empty because it is a necessary position for the apartment to move If a residential floor does not connect five rooms, The vacant edge is closed with a large French window like the non room connecting edge.

Residents can not only move apartments between different mobile apartment base stations through rails, but also move at different apartment connection positions of the same Mobile Apartment base station only through suspension arms, provided that the residential floor of the Mobile Apartment is not full.

STEP Ⅰ: ROTATE

MOBILE APARTMENT LOCATION OF THE MOBILE APARTMENT

POPULATION GROWTH ON WEEKDAYS

150

LOWER MANHATTAN

SOHO has an abundance of art galleries, boutiques and specialty restaurants, so there are plenty of workers in the area, but rents are high, ranging from $3,000 to $5,000 a month for a studio apartment. With a median age of 37 and a median annual income of $180,000, most workers in the neighborhood can't afford such high rents.

Lower Manhattan is the southernmost business district in MANHATTAN. Including large commercial offices such as Brookfield Place (World Financial Center) and 200 West Street (Goldman Sachs Tower). It is the fourth largest central business district in the United States, behind Midtown Manhattan, Chicago Loop, and Washington, D.C.

120 105

284,090

56,181

135

SOHO

REDUCTION IN PRIVATE CAR USE 49,273

90

234,817 (577%)

MINUTE

NIGHTTIME POPULATION ON WEEKDAYS

268,488 (578%)

42,298

COMMUTING DISTANCE AND DEPARTURE TIME

DAYTIME POPULATION ON WEEKDAYS

324,669

In these selected areas, we selected five locations suitable for the construction of Mobile Apartment. They are located in areas with large day-night population changes, but they are far away from each other, which means that a large number of workers work nearby, and Mobile Apartments in these five locations can basically cover these workplaces.

683,997

STEP Ⅲ

641,699 (1,617%)

Midtown is the most crowded and prosperous area in Manhattan, as well as the area with the highest density of skyscrapers in the world.

There are not only world-famous office buildings in MIDTOWN, such as Empire State Building, Chrysler Building and Rockefeller Center.

Many important transportation hubs such as Grand Central Terminal, Pennsylvania Station, and Port Authority Bus Terminal are also located in this area. It is easily the busiest business district in the country, with more than three million people working in it.

69,899 (187%)

The Upper East Side has long been one of the wealthiest neighborhoods in New York City, known for its affluent residential areas, fine restaurants and designer stores on Madison Avenue. With a median household income of $322,432, the area is home to the wealthiest.

High rents and costs have forced workers in the area to live in cheaper places

72,509

From these areas, select the areas with the largest diurnal population change from the adjacent or close ones, which are the best areas for Mobile Apartment location.

Morningside Heights is located in the north of Central Park, between Morningside and riverside park. It is a community integrating the style of the town and the classic style of New York. There are many educational institutions in the region, such as Columbia University, Barnard College and Manhattan School of music. In addition, religions such as cathedral of St. John the divine and Church of Notre Dame are also located here.

150,483

STEP Ⅱ

MIDTOWN

80,584

Calculate day-night population changes in all parts of Manhattan to figure out where the most workers are concentrated.

UPPER EAST SIDE

12,363 (117%)

STEP Ⅰ

MORNINGSIDE HEIGHTS

84,872

MOBILE APARTMENT SITE SELECTION

75 60 45 30 15 0 3:00

4:00

5:00

6:00

7:00

BEFORE

8:00

9:00

10:00

AFTER

11:00TIME BEFORE

AFTER

Mobile Apartment shortens the commuting distance. It can be seen from the traffic heat map that the use of private cars has decreased significantly, which means that the exhaust emission will also be reduced. In this way, we can reduce the further aggravation of air pollution and improve people's physical and mental health. In an area with high economic development such as Manhattan, people ignore the environmental problems in order to obtain more benefits. They may be forced, the pressure of life makes them ignore the environmental problems. We hope that Mobile Apartment can provide people with a better living environment and a solution to the atmospheric environment problems in Manhattan.