The Skirmish Line Winter 2023

Spring 2022 Volume 66 ~ Issue 4

THE MAGAZINE OF THE NORTH-SOUTH SKIRMISH ASSOCIATION, INC.

Winter 2023 Volume 68 ~ Issue 7 In this Issue: Results from the 148th Fall Nationals.

On the cover: Young Skirmisher & Senior Skirmisher; and1st Place Musket Team

HISTORY. COMPETITION. CAMARADERIE.

The N-SSA promotes the competitive shooting of Civil War firearms and artillery while encouraging the preservation of battlefields, artifacts, clothing and education of the period.

The Skirmish LineTM is the quarterly publication of The North-South Skirmish Association, Inc.

Non-member annual subscriptions are available for $24 per year (U.S. Funds) Editor & Publisher Editor, Eddie Davenport ~ nssaeditor@gmail.com National Photography Officer ~ Allissa Weber Contributing Photographers ~ Niki Bethke, Walt ‘JR’ Zdon, Lis Cole, Brittany Cole Visit our website at: www.n-ssa.org The N-SSA Corporate Seal and the magazine title, The Skirmish LineTM, are registered trademarks of the North-South Skirmish Association, Inc. Reproduction in any form or manner without the expressed written consent of the N-SSA Board of Directors is strictly prohibited. All pages are copyrighted by the North-South Skirmish Association, Inc. and The Skirmish LineTM magazine.

Text and images in this publication are the property of the original owners (Authors). Text and images may not be published separately, in hard copy or electronically, without the expressed written permission of their owner(s). The authors and advertisers are responsible to secure the proper permissions and right to publish articles, photos, and illustrations not created by them. The North-South Skirmish Association, Inc., The Skirmish LineTM, and its staff are not responsible for copyright infringement. Please contact the Editor for questions relating to any matter, including but not limited to permission to copy materials herein.

Disclaimer: The North-South Skirmish Association does not guarantee, warrant, or endorse any product or service advertised in this publication. The publisher also does not guarantee the safety or effectiveness of any product or service illustrated, mentioned, offered, or advertised herein.

The publisher does not assume responsibility as to whether or not products or services advertised in this publication comply with all state or local laws which may be applicable in regard to the purchase or usage of such products or services.

Warning: The author(s), The Skirmish LineTM and its staff, and the North-South Skirmish Association, Inc. cannot accept any responsibility for accidents or differing results obtained using techniques, products, and combinations thereof that will make results vary. Firearms should be checked before firing and periodically thereafter by a competent gunsmith and all manufacturer’s instructions and warnings must be followed.

1 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

Features, Articles and Columns.

On the Cover 110th Ohio Volunteer Infantry Senior Skirmisher Award Winner Mark Hughes Winner of the Young Skirmisher Award Spencer Ostner

The Firing Line

4

Welcome New Recruits

5

National Commanders

6

Taps

7

Keys to Good Shooting Part 2

8

Lead Hardness

11

148th Nationals Team Scores

12

148th National Individual Scores

20

Why a Dues Increase is Needed

23

A Soldier’s Fare

24

Society of Color Bearers

25

Hunting with a Musket

27

Chuck Wagon

28

Holiday Spirit

30

PTSD in the Civil War

31

Trip to the NMLRA State Match

32

148th National Pictures

33

Regional Commanders Corner

41

Change of Address Requests Please send all address changes to: Sherry Myers N-SSA Executive Secretary PO Box 309 | New Eagle, PA 15067-0309 If your household receives multiple copies that you’d prefer not to receive, please email execsecretary@n-ssa.net.

A heartfelt thank you to all our contributors. If you have anything you’d like to share, please don’t hesitate to reach out via email at n-ssaeditor@gmail.com.

You must include your Zip+4 to receive The Skirmish Line

Skirmish Line Fall 2023 2

Note From the Editor

Send in any photos or articles that you feel may be of interest to other N-SSA members. When sending photos, please include captions and the names of those pictured. Don’t forget to credit yourself as the writer.

Submit all articles in text format (ex. Word, not a pdf).

All photos must be at least 300 dpi (credit the photographer).

Submit via e-mail to nssaeditor@gmail.com.

You will receive a return email confirming receipt.

Spring 2024 Publication Submission Deadline March 1st 2024 3 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

The Firing Line Merry Christmas to those that celebrate N-SSA family. By the time you get this the holiday season will be in full swing.

Another nationals has passed us and it was full of great competition. Like most of you in this upcoming off season, I will be busy casting bullets getting ready for another fun filled season.

I want to give praise to the past national crew. My father Mike Davenport was the Skirmish director and I heard behind the scenes details about how they were low staffed. As someone who was actually competing in the match, I couldn’t tell. That is a mark of a well-run crew. So, congratulations to all the teams who hosted the competition, your hard work does not go unnoticed.

Speaking of the last nationals did you notice a funny looking feller walking around with a crumpled-up hat? Friend of the N-SSA Mark Humphries better known as his alias Black Powder Maniac Shooter was at the fort filming. If you haven’t had a chance yet to check out his channel, go on YouTube and check it out. While you are there leave him a comment that he needs to come out and shoot with us! We got him behind a cannon now it’s time for a musket. If you have media contacts that would like to learn more about the N-SSA send them our way. We are always looking for good press to let the nation know just how cool our sport is.

In this issue I am proud to say that we continue the tradition of having guest writers. I hope to continue bringing you fun and engaging articles that you enjoy reading during the off seasons. Thank you as always to everyone who submitted an article. I hope everyone has a safe and fun off season.

Until next time Keep your Powder Dry and your Shot X’s Eddie Davenport Editor-in-Chief, The Skirmish Line Hannover Greys (11366V)

Skirmish Line Fall 2023 4

North-South Skirmish Association National Commanders

Welcome to all New Recruits

Numbers were1, 2022 not avaliable at 2023 time December – March 27, of printing.

*John Gilmer

1956-1958

Allegheny Region

*

*James Waters

1959-1962

Carolina Region

*

*Albert Hardin

1963-1964

*Carl Jensen

1965-1970

Richard Corrigan

1971-1974

*Frank Schoch

1975-1976

*John Sharrett

1977-1982

*James McAleer

1983-1984

John Robey

1985-1988

*Royal Inge

1989-1992

Earl Coates

1993-1996

Gary Crawford

1997-2000

Earl Coates

2001-2004

*Charles Smithgall

2005-2008

Linwood McMahon

2009-2012

Phillip Spaugy

2013-2016

David Booz

2017-2020

Charles Kindle, Jr.

2021 -

Central Virginia Region

*

Chesapeake Region

*

Deep South Region

*

Mid-Atlantic Region

*

Midwest Region

*

New England Region

*

Northeast Region

*

Northwest Region

*

Potomac Region

*

Tidewater Region

*

Western Region

*

5 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

A * denotes deceased commander

From the

National Commander Dear N-SSA Members, I hope this message finds you well. I want to begin by offering my sincere apologies for any shortcomings during the membership meeting at the Fall Nationals. If any of my remarks were out of line, I take full responsibility without any excuses.

On a positive note, the 148th Nationals went smoothly, despite the challenges faced by the host teams due to a shortage of staff. This brings me to a crucial reminder about our collective obligation to the association when our teams are scheduled to host a National event. Every team is required to fulfill this duty, and while I understand unforeseen circumstances may arise, there’s a two-year notice given before your team’s turn to host. I encourage everyone to make it easier for fellow host teams and skirmishers by doing their best to contribute when their team’s turn comes around.

As we transition into the new skirmish season, I am eager to see everyone and hope you derive maximum enjoyment from the sport we all cherish. Our dedicated efforts are underway to ensure responsible financial management at various organizational levels, and I am confident you will be pleased with the results. Looking ahead, the January board meeting promises to be a full schedule, featuring both familiar and new faces in attendance.

I anticipate reuniting with everyone in the spring and take this opportunity to extend warm wishes for Happy Holidays to you, your families, and our extended N-SSA family.

Stay safe, and be well,

Chuck

Chuck Kindle

National Commander

Skirmish Line Fall 2023 6

TAPS Winter 2023

Bruce Acord

46th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment

Steve Buchanan

8th Virginia Volunteer Infantry

Frank (Mike) Hale

First Richmond Rifles

Gary Hines

3rd North Carolina, Lenoir Braves

Robert Howard

Harris’ Light Cavalry

David J. Klinepeter

Dulany Troop, 6th Virginia Cavalry

H. Armstrong Roberts III

10th Virginia Infantry

Mark T. Ruggiero

Union Valley Volunteers

Mark Thatcher

3rd Maryland Artillery

Edwin Travers, Jr.

Hanover Grays

James (T-Bone) Westbrook

3rd North Carolina Cavalry

Rob Wieber

21st VA Infantry (MD Guard)

George Wyman

10th Virginia Infantry

Larry Young

1st PA Rifles (Bucktails)

“Unable are the loved to die. For love is immortality.”

- Emily Dickenson

7 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

Keys to good shooting Part TWO!

By Steve Light The following article is part of a four part series originally published in the 1980’s Enjoy! - Editor In most sports, body conditioning is an absolute necessi ty. For example, the need to condition the body to improve strength or speed is obvious for such sport activities as foot ball, track or swimming. However, the need to condition the body to maximize shooting performance is not obvious and generally is not practiced byskirmishers. Thus, this critical ele ment of shooting does not receive enough serious attention by skirmishers. I contend that body conditioning is very critical to good shooting.

A shooting training program that is designed to improve your shooting skills is essential to maximizing your shooting performance. A man would not enter a long distance race without first spending many hours in conditioning his body for the race. Why is shooting any different? In the January issue of The Skirmish Line, I described the human side of the shooting equation as being equal or perhaps more important than equipment in achieving maximum shooting performance.

Therefore, efforts to improve your shooting skills will result in better shooting performance. This article will discuss the parts of the body that need conditioning for improving your shooting skills and performance.

Conditioning the body for improving performance must be directed toward the required skills of the specific activity. Therefore, let’s describe the shooting scenario for an understan ding of what we expect of the body in shooting a musket. The body must be able to hold a nine pound musket steady long enough for the bullet to exit the muzzle while the sights are still on the bullseye. The brain, eyes and muscles must be coordinated to prevent any undesired body movement between the moment that the brain tells the finger to release the trigger and the exact moment the bullet exits the muzzle. Although the body conditioning requirements for the shooting activity just described may seem small when compared to the same re quirements to play football, body conditioning for shooting is extremely difficult because the major conditioning require ment involves the precise coordination of the mental, muscle, eye, and nervous system functions. Also, during shooting, it is extremely important to keep your body functions as calm as possible since you want to keep your body from moving and wobbling. This is an extreme demand on the body that is uni que in the sports world.

Although this article is primarily addressing training from the viewpoint of body conditioning, your training program must also include practice either by dry firing or actual range practice. It takes many hours of practice to tune the body to function smoothly for shooting. There’s no short cut or any other way to become proficient with a musket. As a beginner, you should practice about eight hours a week of actual shooting. When you become proficient with a musket, less time can be spent but weekly practice is still needed. Compete in as many competitive matches as possible since they are the best practice. Start your practice in early February and continue thru the shooting season.

The following paragraphs will describe the body functions that require conditioning to achieve maximum shooting per formance. A caution is in order for all shooters! I do not recommend anyone starting a conditioning or exercise program without getting a physical checkup and your doctor’s approval. The major body functions that are important to shooting are: A. Muscles B. Cardiovascular and respiratory systems C. Nervous system/mental control/physiological D. Eyes Thus, your training and conditioning pr_ogram should address improving all of the above body funcuons as a total system and not just one of the functions. It helps to lift weights to strengthen the arms but maximum shooting skills can be ob tained only by systematically conditioning all of the body func tions that are critical to shooting. Mental control, muscles, nerves, cardiovascular and respiratory systems are all so in tertwined that a weakness of one will cause poor shooting regardless of how well you condition another.

A. Muscles Upper body strength is needed to hold the musket steady and a strong back, legs and knees are required to hold the body erect and motionlessness while shooting. A very noticeable im provement in your shooting performance can be realized by increasing your muscle strength and stamina by performing on a regular basis various muscle strengthening exercises. A modest weight lifting program that is started in January and continued thru the shooting season is an excellent way to strengthen the muscles. Upper body strength (arms, shoulders, and chest) can be strengthened by performing two or three times a week such weight lifting exercises as curls and presses. There are many good books on weight lifting exercises and it is not necessary to detail them in this article. You should start out with small weights and gradually increase them as you Skirmish Line Fall 2023 8

progress from week to week. Use just enough weight so you have to strain to complete a set of 10 curls or presses. The object of the weight training is not to become muscle bound but to tone up the muscles to increase your strength and stamina. The add ed strength will enable you to hold the musket and front sight on the target momentarily without wobbling too much off target.

It is also important to include exercises in your weight lif ting program to strengthen the back, legs and knees since they are the fulcrum and support for holding the body erect and steady while shooting in a standing position. Presses, squats and sit-ups are good exercises to strengthen these areas of the body. Also, jogging is good for the legs.

You must exercise on a regular basis to do you any good. For example, a good schedule is to lift weights for about one hour each Monday, Wednesday and Friday. Jog each week day and practice your musket shooting on the weekend.

Many athletic training programs use what is called an overload technique. The concept is to train using equipment that overloads the body more than is actually required for the game. For example, the baseball player practices with a heavier bat than the one used during the actual game. Our college basketball coach required the players to practice using a smaller hoop and with weights tied to their ankles.

The theory was that the players would aim more carefully and be able to jump higher during the actual game. This training overload techni que can be applied to musket practice. For example, practice dry firing with a weight tied to the end of the musket. Use your ammo cartridge box with the strap looped over the muzzle end of the barrel. Fill the box with one pound lead weights. Pro gressively add more weights as you get use to the weight while dry firing. Practice dry firing several times a week using the same sight picture and lock action as you do in competitive matches.

B. Cardiovascular/Respiratory Systems The body’s engine (heart) must be at a slow idle if you are to be able to remain relaxed while shooting. A person who’s cardiovascular and respiratory systems are in good shape will be able to keep the engine’s speed slow under pressure condi tions. Shooting under pressure causes the heart to pump faster because of the added tension placed on the body. If the pulse rate is above normal under nonpressure situations, then it is likely to accelerate while shooting. As the heart rate increases, so does your breahting. The higher heart and breathing rates are counter productive to achieving maximum shooting per formance. Therefore, your body conditioning program for shooting must include exercises to improve your cardiovascular and respiratory systems. You can improve these systems by per forming on a regular basis, various aerobic exercises such as jogging and swimming. I jog about I½ miles five days a week for cardiovascular and respiratory conditioning during the shooting season. Also, I avoid smoking to improve the efficiency of my respiratory system.

C. Nervous System The nervous system, which consists of the brain, autonomic nerves, spinal cord and network of nerves, control our entire body functions, 9 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

e.g., muscles, breathing, stomach/digestion, blood pressure/heart rate, etc. Thus, if the nervous system is not functioning properly, then the parts of the body that are required for shooting will not be able to per form to their maximum potential. It’s a simple fact that you cannot shoot well if you are nervous. It logically follows that the individual who is competitive and dedicated to good shooting will attempt to identify what makes him nervous and take steps to prevent nervousness during shooting An understanding of overcoming a case of bad nerves for a healthy person is to realize that it is not the nervous system that gets nervous during shooting. What causes nervousness is an outside force that places tension or stress on the nervous system. Such tension upsets the nervous system and causes various body functions to act abnormally. Examples are tightness in the stomach, higher pulse rate, shaky knees/legs and poor muscle coordination that produces unwanted mus cle reaction, e.g., flinch.

The following paragraphs will describe the major outside forces that create tension. Also, some suggestions will be pro vided on how to minimize nervousness. It is certainly beyond the scope of this article and the qualifications of the author to solve chronic nervous disorders but most healthy shooters can improve their nerves and learn to relax while shooting.The nervous system can be adversely impacted by three major areas of outside influence.

1. Mental 2. Physical condition 3. Physiological 1. Mental The shooter’s mental attitude, if negative, can cause ten sion and anxiety that will lead to nervousness while shooting. If an individual is fearful that he will not shoot well in front of a crowd or in a must win situation for the team, the likely results are stress on the nervous system. The more the shooter is convinced that he will do poorly, themore likely he will. Also, avoid any hang-ups or phobias that will cause bad-shooting. For example, many shooters will convince themselves that they cannot hit a particular target or that they will shoot badly on a given range. A shooter must have a positive attitude about his shooting ability. Any doubts about your ability, equipment or hangups on a particular target, will cause stress to be plac ed on the nervous systems.

Your conditioning program must also include mental control. A flinch is the body’s reaction to the anticipated recoil of the gun. A flinch is most obvious when the gun does not go off. The shooter does not tell the body to flinch but it does so anyway, subconsciously, as a protective device. I flinch as I believe most shooters do. The trick is to hold the musket long enough on the target for the bullet to exit the muzzle after your brain has told you to release the trigger. Only after the bullet has exit the barrel can you flinch. You must constantly remind yourself to hold longer and follow thru. Keep exerting mental control to preclude

unwanted body reaction and movement. I have to constantly remind myself not to move my left arm because I have tendency to drop the arm before the shooting goes off which causes the shot to go low. Dry firing is an ex cellent training method to practice mental control to prevent the flinch. An even better way is to use a mixture of Jive and blank percussion caps in the cap box while practicing actual firing. Try it some time and notice the mental thought that goes into keeping the flinch under control. If you have a bad flinch, then a body conditioning program that reduces nervousness and practicing dry firing are a must to improving shooting per formance. Practice until you have mental control over your muscle’s reaction the recoil.

2. Physical condition An individual that is in good condition (physically and mentally) can withstand more stress of a competitive situation. Improving muscle tone, cardiovascular and respiratory systems will help cope with a stressful situation. One of the best ways to ease a nervous condition is to get yourself in good physical shape. Relaxing on the firing line can be accomplished by keep ing the pulse rate at a moderate level and by proper breathing. Many techniques that are used to control tension involve a com bination of breathing and meditation exercises. If you are ner vous on the firing line, then inhale and exhale deeply and slowly prior to starting to shoot. Your mind should be free of any distractions or thoughts of how well you will or will not do. During the shooting event, breath normally and concentrate solely on your shooting motions. With a little practice, this ex ercise and keeping in good shape should help you to relax and free you of any tension while shooting.

3. Physiological Although it is not my intent to outline a health course for skirmishers, it is a fact that conditioning the body for any sport, including shooting, should include proper nutrition and health habits. A healthy body will be in a better condition to combat stressful situations such as competitive shooting. Also, any physiological disorders such as an upset stomach or body fatigue will act upon the nervous system to cause nervousness. Avoid foods or liquids that cause digestive problems during a shooting match. Digestive problems will cause bad nerves as the body reacts to combat the problem. Also, if you believe smoking is hurting your shooting by degrading the respiratory system, then stop smoking. If you believe eating certain foods or drinking certain liquids are harmful by causing nervousness, then avoid these items. The point is that each individual should map out his own health plan to suit specific deficiencies and to improve the nervous system and body for improved shooting.

D. Eyes Although the eyes are not too susceptible to condition ing, their importance to good shooting demands proper care and action to correct poor eyesight. It should be noted, however, some medical opinion holds that the eyes can be im proved by conditioning exercises. The book, Better Eyesight Without Glasses, by W. H. Bates, M.D. outlines various

meditation cxcerciscs that arc suppose to improve the eyesight. The eyes have the impossible taSk of trying to focus three items at the same time, that is, target, front sight, and rear sight. Even with good eyes, some amount of fuzziness occurs. The fuzziness of the sight picture gets worse as the eyesight deteriorates with age. However, poor eyesight can be corrected to a tolerable level for shooting with prescription glasses. For example, I am near sighted and have difficulty seeing the target. Therefore, I wear corrective lens which clarify the target. However, the corrective lens for distance viewing have a tenden cy to blur objects that arc close such as the rear sight.

Last year, I ordered a stronger pair of glasses but couldn’t use them for shooting because they blurred the rear sight. Thus, I had to return to the older and weaker glasses as a compromise. I opted to sec neither the target or sights with 20/20 vision, but was willing to accept a slight blur on the target and sights. You should keep this problem in mind when you arc selecting corrective lens.

There arc several other considerations when ordering shooting glasses. Generally, gray/brown sunglasses should be used on bright sunny days and yellow or clear glasses when the lighting is poor. You can also order prescription lens that change with the lighting conditions, e.g., the lens darken when the lighting is bright and become clear when it is poor. The optical center is usually in the middle of the lens. Because shooters tilt their head when sighting the target, they arc look ing thru the top left corner of the lens for right handed shooters. You may want to have the optical center moved to the top left corner to get maximum benefit from the lens.

Some shooters use an optical attachment on their glasses. The attachment consists of a peep hold and is attached to the lens by a rubber suction cup. The peep hold can be ordered in a fixed size, or adjustable to any diameter from .020 to .155 inch. You can order a Merit Iris Shutter Optical Attachment from the Merit Gunsight Company, Sequim, Washington 98382 for about $25.00. The aperature on the lens will sharpen the rear sight but it does take longer to find and sight the target. Another item relative to the eyes that is very controver sial is whether to sight the target with one or two eyes open. I frankly don’t think it makes much difference. I shoot with one eye closed based on habit rather than any specific design for better shooting. The proponents of keeping both eyes open argue that it helps to reduce eye fatigue and aids in peripheral vision. Again, there is no consensus on this issue and each shooter should try shooting both ways to determine which is the most comfortable and effective.

An interesting article is in the March 1980 issue of the American Rifleman. The article, “Do the Eyes Have It?” by Frederick S. Daniels suggests that the dominant eye is more important than the dominant hand in shooting. Most shooters have a dominant eye and for right handed shooters, the domi nant eye is usually (the article states that this is the case for 85’7o of the population) the right eye. This condition is called ipsilateral hand-eye dominance. You can determine your domi nant eye by focusing your finger on an object. Close one eye. If the relative position of finger and object did not change, then the open eye is the dominant eye. If you arc right handed and your dominant Skirmish Line Fall 2023 10

eye is the left eye, then this condition is called contralatcral dominance. The article suggests that ip silatcral people arc better shooters than contralateral people. Further, the article suggests that beginning shooters may im prove their shooting by shooting with the same hand as their dominant eye. If you arc a contralateral person, then the arti cle is suggested reading.

Another controversial subject is whether to use an open or peep type of rear sight. I prefer a peep sight because you eliminate a major task for the eyes of maintaining the same alignment of the front sight with the rear sight. When using an open sight, you must keep the front sight aligned in the “V” notch in the same relative position. The shots will vary if the front sight position is moving up and down in the “V” notch. On the other hand, when using a peep sight, the eye will automatically center the front sight in the center of the peep. When using a peep, you just have to concentrate on keeping the front sight on the center of the target. However, with an open sight, you must concentrate on keeping the frong sight on the center of the target and aligning it with the “V” notch. Thus, the task for the eyes is easier using a peepsight. However, a peep sight is not without some disadvantages. A peep sight reduces your field of vision, takes longer to sight the target and it is harder to see the target on a cloudy day.

In summary, the major point of this article is that condi tioning the body to improve the body functions required for shooting will result in better shooting performance. I strongly recommend that the competitive shooter start (after the Doc tor’s OK) a dedicated training program that includes the elements which are described by this article. You will see an improvement in your shooting and besides, it’s good for your health, if you don’t over do it.

Checking Lead Hardness with Graphite Pencils

By Eddie Davenport N-SSA Editor Any well-equipped art supply store offers a range of drawing pencils categorized by the hardness of their graphite cores, ranging from soft to hard, such as 6B, 5B, 4B, 3B, 2B, B, HB, F, H, and more. To effectively test the hardness of lead, especially in various alloys, you will need eight pencils covering the 6B to F range. Additionally, gather a piece of fine sandpaper and a soft rag for the testing process.

Begin by exposing approximately ¼-inch of the pencil core by carefully cutting away the surrounding wood without nicking the core. Place the sandpaper on a flat surface, and, holding the pencil vertically, draw on the sandpaper using a circular motion to create a flat end on the graphite.

Gently wipe away any graphite dust from the core using the cloth.

With the pencil held in a typical writing position, push it straight along the length of the lead ingot, as if attempting to gouge the ingot with the graphite. If the pencil core is softer than the lead, the core’s edge will crumble, causing the pencil to skid. Conversely, if the core is harder, it will dig in or scratch the surface. For instance, an F pencil will dig into pure linotype metal, while an HB pencil will not, indicating the hardness of HB. Notably, used linotype tends to be softer, with a hardness of B, as HB pencils cut into it while B pencils do not. Pure lead, commonly used in muzzle loaders, is slightly softer than 6B, meaning that a 6B pencil core should only produce a slight scratch on pure lead. In the case of minie soft lead, a 6B pencil is typically sufficient for testing purposes.

Pencil Grade 6B 5B 4B 3B 2B B HB F H 2H 11 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

Hardness Scale 4-5 7-8 9 10 11-12 13 14-15 16-18 20-22 26-28

148th National Team Match Results Team Match Results 148th National Skirmish, Oct 4-8, 2023

Class A-1 Musket 10 Place(s) Paid # Team Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Event 5 Total Time 1 110TH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 159.6 59.0 73.6 109.3 118.0 519.5 2 149TH PA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 166.4 66.4 109.7 143.6 115.3 601.4 3 2ND NJ CAVALRY CO. A 224.2 114.0 129.5 91.9 86.7 646.3 4 9TH VIRGINIA CAVALRY, CSA CO. A 235.7 95.0 80.7 115.0 171.0 697.4 5 1ST MARYLAND CAVALRY, CSA CO. A 263.9 81.5 101.2 152.0 99.7 698.3 6 8TH REGT VIRGINIA VOL. INF CO. A 237.9 78.4 107.0 162.9 112.6 698.8 7 2ND MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. A 192.1 95.9 129.3 183.7 103.0 704.0 8 21ST VA INFANTRY, MD GUARD CO. A 231.4 94.0 87.0 185.1 120.1 717.6 9 WASHINGTON BLUE RIFLES CO. A 206.3 97.6 127.6 205.1 138.5 775.1 10 HANOVER GRAYS CO. A 256.6 78.8 128.7 169.7 147.6 781.4 11 9TH REGIMENT NY CAVALRY CO. A 223.4 151.3 64.4 124.3 222.3 785.7 12 29TH WISC VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 218.4 104.1 117.4 159.7 202.5 802.1 13 5TH VA. VOL. INF. CO. A 287.8 100.0 106.3 169.5 164.0 827.6 14 1ST NY DRAGOONS CO. A 279.5 112.5 108.1 201.1 144.5 845.7 15 3RD MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. A 221.7 104.0 143.1 236.0 143.5 848.3 16 1ST FLORIDA CAVALRY CO. A 309.0 85.0 162.2 186.0 173.6 915.8 17 5TH VA. VOL. CAV. CO. A 337.0 124.1 120.9 157.0 201.3 940.3 18 FORREST'S ESCORT COMPANY CO. A 337.0 121.6 116.9 149.1 217.8 942.4 19 CO. C, 2nd U.S. SHARPSHOOTERS CO. A 300.0 197.7 131.9 176.5 143.2 949.3 20 IREDELL BLUES CO. A 328.0 122.2 145.8 164.9 196.8 957.7 21 111TH OHIO VOL. INF. CO. A 328.0 120.7 187.8 184.3 165.0 985.8 22 HARLAN'S LIGHT CAVALRY CO. A 356.0 86.3 137.3 156.1 257.2 992.9 23 49TH VIRGINIA INFANTRY, CSA CO. A 300.0 97.7 130.4 182.4 330.0 1040.5 24 1ST PA RIFLES (BUCKTAILS) CO. A 337.0 214.7 122.4 173.1 201.3 1048.5 25 34TH BTTN. VIRGINIA CAVALRY CO. A 309.0 150.4 191.8 195.9 220.9 1068.0 26 11TH INDIANA ZOUAVES CO. A 309.0 214.2 216.4 171.3 204.2 1115.1 27 NORFOLK LIGHT INFANTRY CO. A 375.0 168.4 181.3 250.1 170.8 1145.6 28 13TH CONFEDERATE INF. CO. A 393.0 199.2 163.5 209.5 184.5 1149.7 29 56TH PA. VOL. INF. CO. A 346.0 164.6 219.0 175.5 245.4 1150.5 30 11TH VA CAVALRY CO. A 460.0 124.4 155.3 151.9 272.1 1163.7 31 COCKADE RIFLES CO. A 412.0 151.5 183.5 185.1 255.4 1187.5 32 MOSBY'S RANGERS CO. A 328.0 146.4 132.6 268.9 330.0 1205.9 33 12TH REGIMENT PA RESERVE VOLS. CO. A 328.0 138.7 216.3 356.0 204.5 1243.5 34 CHARTIERS VALLEY GUARDS CO. A 421.0 190.7 270.4 294.7 230.9 1407.7 35 HAZELWOOD VOLUNTEERS CO. A 450.0 169.8 318.0 250.9 297.0 1485.7 36 66TH NC REGT, CO C. CO. A 496.0 356.0 298.0 412.0 284.1 1846.1 Class A-2 Musket 8 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 1ST STUART HORSE ARTY. CO. A 2 2ND VIRGINIA VOL. INF. CO. A 3 TUCKERS NAVAL BRIGADE CO. A 4 3RD NC CAVALRY CO. A 5 TAMMANY REGIMENT CO. A 6 11TH REGIMENT, PA VOL. INF. CO. A 7 DIV. OF MARINES, CSS VIRGINIA CO. A

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Event 5 Total Time 300.0 133.2 157.8 151.7 212.9 955.6 328.0 140.1 123.3 246.0 154.3 991.7 384.0 106.2 173.4 191.0 143.0 997.6 309.0 164.5 159.6 217.9 179.8 1030.8 375.0 144.9 182.8 137.3 210.8 1050.8 365.0 134.2 155.8 159.8 243.8 1058.6 265.6 153.0 263.9 187.4 266.3 1136.2

Class A-3 Musket 12 Place(s) Paid # Team Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Event 5 Total Time 1 149TH NY VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 431.0 156.9 164.3 120.0 156.1 1028.3 2 CO G 23RD NC STATE TROOPS CO. A 393.0 164.1 165.3 190.0 330.0 1242.4 3 LANCASTER FENCIBLES CO. A 450.0 174.0 274.5 192.2 191.4 1282.1 4 CO B 1ST PENNSYLVANIA CAVALRY CO. A 412.0 155.5 229.4 200.8 291.3 1289.0 5 1ST U.S. ARTILLERY CO. A 356.0 216.4 139.9 288.0 330.0 1330.3 6 1ST MAINE HEAVY ARTILLERY CO. A 403.0 218.5 251.0 298.0 180.2 1350.7 7 4TH MICH. VOL. INF. CO. A 469.0 179.9 240.7 278.8 256.3 1424.7 8 HARDAWAY'S ALABAMA BTTY CO. A 440.0 294.3 186.3 254.8 250.5 1425.9 9 CHESAPEAKE ARTILLERY, CSA CO. A 421.0 150.0 188.9 276.2 390.0 1426.1 10 MC GREGOR'S 2ND BATTERY CO. A 459.0 254.8 177.5 239.2 330.0 1460.5 11 6TH ALABAMA (RACCOON ROUGHS) CO. A 487.0 267.0 273.4 204.8 262.8 1495.0 12 12TH REGT. U.S. REGULAR INF. CO. A 375.0 238.9 318.0 244.3 330.0 1506.2 13 2ND MARYLAND CAVALRY CO. A 421.0 241.9 375.0 282.0 228.6 1548.5 14 7TH MICHIGAN VOL. INF. CO. A 459.0 269.6 189.0 240.2 420.0 1577.8 15 63RD NEW YORK STATE VOL. INF. CO. A 440.0 217.3 271.9 375.0 280.8 1585.0 16 DURELL'S INDEPENDENT BATTERY CO. A 421.0 300.0 228.1 247.5 390.0 1586.6 17 118TH PA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 487.0 157.9 283.0 318.0 360.0 1605.9 18 120TH NY VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 431.0 275.4 202.1 356.0 360.0 1624.5 19 72ND NY VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 421.0 228.6 183.9 375.0 420.0 1628.5 20 1ST RICHMOND RIFLES CO. A 403.0 172.8 356.0 318.0 390.0 1639.8 21 3RD U.S. REGULAR INFANTRY CO. A 421.0 257.0 282.4 337.0 360.0 1657.4 22 DELAWARE BLUES CO. A 469.0 190.1 278.4 318.0 420.0 1675.5 23 7TH WV VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 450.0 228.0 412.0 356.0 240.5 1686.5 24 15TH REGT. NJ VOL. INF. CO. A 393.0 393.0 249.5 356.0 300.0 1691.5 25 19TH MICHIGAN INFANTRY CO. A 469.0 337.0 211.2 356.0 330.0 1703.2 26 FORNEY'S BATTALION, USMC CO. A 431.0 197.7 272.0 393.0 420.0 1713.7 27 1ST VIRGINIA CAVALRY REGT. CO. A 487.0 279.4 356.0 270.7 330.0 1723.1 28 1ST REGT ENGINEER TROOPS, ANV CO. A 375.0 218.0 337.0 375.0 420.0 1725.0 29 PALMETTO GUARD CO. I, 2ND SC VOL. CO. A 450.0 286.9 252.0 412.0 390.0 1790.9 30 1ST REGT. VA. VOLS. CO. A 469.0 356.0 318.0 337.0 330.0 1810.0 31 7TH REGT. VIRGINIA VOLUNTEERS CO. A 440.0 290.7 412.0 284.0 390.0 1816.7 32 GRAHAM'S BATTERY CO. A 459.0 239.0 375.0 337.0 420.0 1830.0 33 20TH GEORGIA VOL INF CO. A 412.0 356.0 318.0 356.0 390.0 1832.0 34 6TH PA CAV, RUSH'S LANCERS CO. A 487.0 230.6 294.0 375.0 450.0 1836.6 35 ST. MARY'S LT. INFANTRY CO. A 506.0 295.5 294.3 356.0 390.0 1841.8 36 11TH N.J. VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 506.0 337.0 246.1 375.0 390.0 1854.1 37 1ST REGT. ILL. VOL. LT. ARTY. CO. A 412.0 300.0 375.0 318.0 480.0 1885.0 38 13TH NJ VOLUNTEERS CO. A 459.0 337.0 299.0 468.0 360.0 1923.0 39 1ST MARYLAND INFANTRY, CSA CO. A 543.0 243.9 318.0 431.0 390.0 1925.9 40 WHEAT'S SPECIAL BTTN,LA TIGERS CO. A 421.0 265.3 431.0 431.0 390.0 1938.3 41 ALLEGHENY CITY GUARDS CO. A 440.0 375.0 375.0 300.0 450.0 1940.0 42 JEFF DAVIS LEGION CO. A 478.0 356.0 337.0 412.0 360.0 1943.0 43 5TH CONN VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 525.0 318.0 318.0 412.0 390.0 1963.0 44 LAUREL BRIGADE, ANV. CO. A 459.0 318.0 393.0 318.0 480.0 1968.0 45 30TH VA SHARPSHOOTER BTTLN CO. A 440.0 356.0 375.0 431.0 390.0 1992.0 46 2ND REGT. PA RES. CORPS CO. A 487.0 337.0 412.0 412.0 390.0 2038.0 47 10TH VIRGINIA VOL. INF. CO. A 496.0 278.9 375.0 450.0 510.0 2109.9

Skirmish Line Fall 2023 12

148th National Team Match Results 8 1ST MICH. VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 9 WHITE'S CO, 35TH VIRGINIA CAV. CO. A 10 14TH TENNESSEE INFANTRY REGT. CO. A 11 HARRIS' LIGHT CAVALRY CO. A 12 BERDAN'S 1st U.S. SHARPSHOOTERS CO. A 13 46TH ILLINOIS VOL. INF. REGT. CO. A 14 69TH NY STATE VOLUNTEERS CO. A 15 27TH NORTH CAROLINA TROOPS CO. A 16 SOUTHAMPTON GREYS CO. A 17 1ST VALLEY RANGERS CO. A 18 R. PRESTON CHEW'S BATTERY CO. A 19 4TH KENTUCKY CAVALRY CO. A 20 4TH VIRGINIA INFANTRY CO. A 21 17TH VIRGINIA INFANTRY, CSA CO. A 22 14TH MISS. INFANTRY REGIMENT CO. A 23 14TH VIRGINIA CAVALRY CO. A 24 TERRY'S TEXAS RANGERS CO. A 25 73RD NY VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 26 48TH VIRGINIA INF. CO. A 27 MC NEILL'S RANGERS CO. A 28 1ST SC VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 29 PALMETTO SHARPSHOOTERS CO. A 30 13TH REGIMENT NC INFANTRY CO. A 31 17TH PA VOLUNTEER CAVALRY CO. A 32 CHISWELL'S EXILES CO. A 33 HAMPTON LEGION, CSA CO. A 34 1ST TENNESSEE VOL. INF. REGT. CO. A

393.0 393.0 431.0 450.0 412.0 365.0 346.0 356.0 384.0 469.0 412.0 393.0 318.0 356.0 421.0 431.0 393.0 384.0 356.0 440.0 403.0 346.0 469.0 506.0 384.0 600.0 421.0

133.7 126.4 169.2 139.9 156.5 176.1 126.4 211.5 194.8 295.8 167.5 174.2 289.8 236.5 242.2 203.5 231.6 258.5 189.0 241.5 224.7 250.0 300.0 272.4 255.7 234.9 318.0

163.1 219.5 162.3 140.2 183.5 268.3 259.0 318.0 234.5 214.3 254.3 241.2 251.0 269.1 248.9 275.0 337.0 337.0 296.1 256.2 273.4 213.7 318.0 393.0 356.0 262.3 393.0

248.4 211.9 215.3 250.5 219.0 299.8 300.0 259.2 356.0 195.9 211.2 294.4 328.0 258.4 209.0 226.0 255.2 252.2 233.5 153.2 246.2 290.0 300.0 282.4 193.6 360.0 202.1 360.0 240.0 294.6 211.6 330.0 297.0 224.0 300.0 213.3 296.4 360.0 234.0 360.0 248.8 420.0 393.0 390.0 393.0 216.7 318.0 248.4 450.0 390.0 393.0 360.0 356.0 420.0

1150.1 1204.7 1281.3 1289.3 1303.9 1315.0 1317.8 1320.5 1320.7 1365.8 1370.0 1390.8 1412.4 1423.7 1446.7 1451.1 1482.6 1492.8 1497.5 1531.7 1569.9 1592.7 1696.7 1737.8 1835.7 1850.2 1908.0

Class A-1 Carbine 7 Place(s) Paid # Team Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Event 5 Total Time 1 110TH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 165.6 64.8 67.6 105.5 37.3 440.8 2 149TH PA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 159.1 71.4 66.6 84.3 79.2 460.6 3 9TH VIRGINIA CAVALRY, CSA CO. A 204.0 66.5 70.2 96.8 76.8 514.3 4 8TH REGT VIRGINIA VOL. INF CO. A 197.0 55.9 76.8 74.4 154.5 558.6 5 1ST MARYLAND CAVALRY, CSA CO. A 247.3 66.4 110.1 108.1 66.7 598.6 6 WASHINGTON BLUE RIFLES CO. A 233.4 83.1 96.2 112.7 83.9 609.3 7 2ND MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. A 291.1 87.4 68.0 96.9 108.0 651.4 8 9TH REGIMENT NY CAVALRY CO. A 250.6 76.3 71.0 77.5 181.0 656.4 9 111TH OHIO VOL. INF. CO. A 238.6 74.9 67.0 122.6 157.1 660.2 10 29TH WISC VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 337.0 65.8 88.4 95.3 85.0 671.5 11 HARLAN'S LIGHT CAVALRY CO. A 309.0 75.0 109.6 101.3 97.6 692.5 12 5TH VA. VOL. CAV. CO. A 328.0 86.4 94.6 88.0 108.1 705.1 13 2ND NJ CAVALRY CO. A 337.0 106.2 102.8 102.8 77.0 725.8 14 TAMMANY REGIMENT CO. A 295.5 99.4 116.6 106.7 110.4 728.6 15 11TH VA CAVALRY CO. A 256.4 86.4 105.6 162.5 144.8 755.7 16 HANOVER GRAYS CO. A 365.0 89.8 109.4 119.6 92.7 776.5 17 DIV. OF MARINES, CSS VIRGINIA CO. A 243.4 100.3 102.2 185.5 150.9 782.3 18 1ST NY DRAGOONS CO. A 346.0 81.9 131.0 127.8 108.8 795.5 19 1ST FLORIDA CAVALRY CO. A 295.2 122.7 174.9 110.9 129.7 833.4 20 IREDELL BLUES CO. A 309.0 100.6 151.9 136.8 138.9 837.2

13 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

48 44TH NY VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 49 OLD DOMINION DRAGOONS CO. A 50 1ST MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. A 51 1ST PA ARTILLERY CO. A 52 3RD NO.CAROLINA, LENOIR BRAVES CO. A 53 CAPT. SIMMS' BTTN., CSMC CO. A 54 BALTIMORE RIFLES, 1ST MD VOLS. CO. A 55 7TH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 56 37TH GEORGIA CO. A 57 WASHINGTON GRAYS CO. A

525.0 506.0 487.0 525.0 487.0 496.0 515.0 562.0 553.0 534.0

337.0 450.0 318.0 337.0 356.0 487.0 375.0 393.0 412.0 525.0

431.0 337.0 468.0 375.0 450.0 487.0 468.0 487.0 487.0 487.0

487.0 468.0 431.0 487.0 431.0 468.0 506.0 412.0 525.0 487.0

360.0 390.0 450.0 480.0 480.0 300.0 420.0 480.0 450.0 450.0

2140.0 2151.0 2154.0 2204.0 2204.0 2238.0 2284.0 2334.0 2427.0 2483.0

Class B-1 Musket 6 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 8TH REGT VIRGINIA VOL. INF CO. B 2 9TH VIRGINIA CAVALRY, CSA CO. B 3 5TH VA. VOL. CAV. CO. B 4 5TH VA. VOL. INF. CO. B 5 WASHINGTON BLUE RIFLES CO. B 6 1ST MARYLAND CAVALRY, CSA CO. B 7 149TH PA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. B 8 2ND MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. B 9 TERRY'S TEXAS RANGERS CO. B 10 9TH REGIMENT NY CAVALRY CO. B 11 3RD MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. B 12 CO. C, 2nd U.S. SHARPSHOOTERS CO. B 13 2ND VIRGINIA VOL. INF. CO. B 14 13TH CONFEDERATE INF. CO. B

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Event 5 Total Time 403.0 179.4 201.3 156.1 139.8 1079.6 300.0 173.5 179.2 228.0 235.2 1115.9 337.0 205.1 228.9 217.5 360.0 1348.5 403.0 186.3 252.5 255.3 275.3 1372.4 412.0 139.0 237.9 229.6 360.0 1378.5 393.0 212.6 187.4 337.0 279.3 1409.3 393.0 149.7 242.7 337.0 300.0 1422.4 440.0 196.1 237.9 261.0 330.0 1465.0 515.0 273.1 239.8 337.0 360.0 1724.9 440.0 286.1 264.5 356.0 390.0 1736.6 431.0 318.0 293.8 450.0 360.0 1852.8 469.0 262.6 300.0 393.0 450.0 1874.6 440.0 356.0 450.0 450.0 420.0 2116.0 487.0 356.0 412.0 356.0 540.0 2151.0

Class B-2 Musket 3 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 11TH REGIMENT, PA VOL. INF. CO. B 2 48TH VIRGINIA INF. CO. B 3 TAMMANY REGIMENT CO. B 4 29TH WISC VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. B 5 1ST STUART HORSE ARTY. CO. B 6 1ST TENNESSEE VOL. INF. REGT. CO. B 7 15TH REGT. NJ VOL. INF. CO. B 8 1ST MARYLAND INFANTRY, CSA CO. B 9 63RD NEW YORK STATE VOL. INF. CO. B 10 12TH REGIMENT PA RESERVE VOLS. CO. B

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Event 5 Total Time 384.0 199.8 251.4 220.8 186.2 1242.2 440.0 375.0 393.0 337.0 330.0 1875.0 525.0 375.0 294.1 337.0 360.0 1891.1 450.0 450.0 318.0 265.8 420.0 1903.8 534.0 235.6 337.0 393.0 420.0 1919.6 487.0 375.0 356.0 356.0 360.0 1934.0 496.0 412.0 356.0 431.0 420.0 2115.0 515.0 412.0 431.0 468.0 450.0 2276.0 515.0 450.0 506.0 356.0 480.0 2307.0 543.0 487.0 431.0 543.0 450.0 2454.0

Class C Musket 2 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 5TH VA. VOL. INF. CO. C

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Event 5 Total Time 384.0 231.0 280.5 318.0 330.0 1543.5

Class A-3 Carbine 7 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 CO B 1ST PENNSYLVANIA CAVALRY CO. A

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Event 5 Total Time 365.0 118.1 149.8 141.0 186.9 960.8

148th National Team Match Results 21 1ST PA RIFLES (BUCKTAILS) CO. A 22 FORREST'S ESCORT COMPANY CO. A 23 56TH PA. VOL. INF. CO. A 24 21ST VA INFANTRY, MD GUARD CO. A 25 46TH ILLINOIS VOL. INF. REGT. CO. A 26 1ST SC VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 27 CO. C, 2nd U.S. SHARPSHOOTERS CO. A 28 MOSBY'S RANGERS CO. A 29 12TH REGIMENT PA RESERVE VOLS. CO. A 30 CHARTIERS VALLEY GUARDS CO. A

346.0 328.0 292.0 219.8 375.0 346.0 328.0 328.0 403.0 393.0

116.6 89.9 93.7 123.7 126.4 93.2 170.0 138.2 190.0 225.2

95.8 142.9 135.6 96.0 128.8 113.5 146.1 180.6 147.6 300.0

148.9 130.5 168.3 135.2 197.0 160.7 168.4 284.9 135.8 178.8 230.1 174.3 189.6 206.2 238.5 162.0 118.6 221.9 240.2 390.0

837.8 864.3 879.0 892.8 944.8 957.1 1039.9 1047.3 1081.1 1548.4

Class A-2 Carbine 6 Place(s) Paid # Team Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Event 5 Total Time 1 13TH CONFEDERATE INF. CO. A 393.0 142.6 110.7 139.3 133.9 919.5 2 11TH INDIANA ZOUAVES CO. A 421.0 102.3 157.6 144.8 135.6 961.3 3 1ST STUART HORSE ARTY. CO. A 459.0 131.3 97.4 114.6 160.3 962.6 4 14TH TENNESSEE INFANTRY REGT. CO. A 356.0 108.4 107.0 177.2 240.3 988.9 5 12TH REGT. U.S. REGULAR INF. CO. A 393.0 115.7 97.5 247.6 208.1 1061.9 6 TERRY'S TEXAS RANGERS CO. A 337.0 220.5 176.4 159.5 176.9 1070.3 7 4TH KENTUCKY CAVALRY CO. A 440.0 178.3 141.8 186.4 143.6 1090.1 8 HAMPTON LEGION, CSA CO. A 318.0 222.2 176.9 205.3 266.4 1188.8 9 PALMETTO SHARPSHOOTERS CO. A 412.0 164.5 247.0 143.3 258.9 1225.7 10 27TH NORTH CAROLINA TROOPS CO. A 412.0 193.7 282.1 218.4 166.8 1273.0 11 HARRIS' LIGHT CAVALRY CO. A 421.0 256.4 145.1 207.3 295.3 1325.1 12 NORFOLK LIGHT INFANTRY CO. A 421.0 165.7 175.4 244.5 330.0 1336.6 13 CHESAPEAKE ARTILLERY, CSA CO. A 440.0 218.0 175.9 246.4 291.4 1371.7 14 66TH NC REGT, CO C. CO. A 496.0 209.2 210.7 318.0 152.4 1386.3 15 149TH NY VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 450.0 279.5 157.0 356.0 148.7 1391.2 16 3RD NC CAVALRY CO. A 431.0 169.0 246.0 229.3 330.0 1405.3 17 14TH MISS. INFANTRY REGIMENT CO. A 440.0 197.2 286.5 198.7 300.0 1422.4 18 21ST MICH. VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 469.0 204.1 264.7 318.0 290.1 1545.9

Class A-1 Revolver 6 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 WASHINGTON BLUE RIFLES CO. A 2 IREDELL BLUES CO. A 3 HARRIS' LIGHT CAVALRY CO. A 4 2ND MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. A 5 8TH REGT VIRGINIA VOL. INF CO. A 6 149TH PA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 7 9TH VIRGINIA CAVALRY, CSA CO. A 8 MC GREGOR'S 2ND BATTERY CO. A 9 21ST VA INFANTRY, MD GUARD CO. A 10 5TH VA. VOL. CAV. CO. B 11 LANCASTER FENCIBLES CO. A 12 30TH VA SHARPSHOOTER BTTLN CO. A

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time 129.4 22.5 25.2 36.3 213.4 98.1 17.5 94.0 30.5 240.1 129.5 31.0 42.6 45.4 248.5 88.4 13.4 92.1 65.1 259.0 92.7 24.4 104.1 42.9 264.1 141.4 18.2 36.8 100.9 297.3 179.2 31.1 52.7 45.6 308.6 125.0 26.7 82.2 75.7 309.6 178.5 13.5 99.8 29.2 321.0 185.2 82.9 87.6 130.9 486.6 195.0 26.1 158.0 116.3 495.4 195.3 147.3 151.3 129.0 622.9

Class A-2 Revolver 3 Place(s) Paid # Team

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time

2 11TH REGIMENT, PA VOL. INF. CO. A 3 MC GREGOR'S 2ND BATTERY CO. A 4 34TH BTTN. VIRGINIA CAVALRY CO. A 5 48TH VIRGINIA INF. CO. A 6 2ND VIRGINIA VOL. INF. CO. A 7 TUCKERS NAVAL BRIGADE CO. A 8 72ND NY VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 9 1ST U.S. ARTILLERY CO. A 10 1ST REGT. ILL. VOL. LT. ARTY. CO. A 11 69TH NY STATE VOLUNTEERS CO. A 12 14TH VIRGINIA CAVALRY CO. A 13 63RD NEW YORK STATE VOL. INF. CO. A 14 15TH REGT., VA. VOL. CAV. CO. A 15 MC NEILL'S RANGERS CO. A 16 3RD MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. A 17 R. PRESTON CHEW'S BATTERY CO. A 18 CHISWELL'S EXILES CO. A 19 17TH VIRGINIA INFANTRY, CSA CO. A 20 118TH PA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 21 73RD NY VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 22 4TH VIRGINIA INFANTRY CO. A 23 OLD DOMINION DRAGOONS CO. A 24 11TH N.J. VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 25 CO G 23RD NC STATE TROOPS CO. A 26 6TH PA CAV, RUSH'S LANCERS CO. A 27 1ST RICHMOND RIFLES CO. A 28 120TH NY VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 29 20TH GEORGIA VOL INF CO. A 30 1ST VALLEY RANGERS CO. A 31 6TH ALABAMA (RACCOON ROUGHS) CO. A 32 3RD U.S. REGULAR INFANTRY CO. A 33 PALMETTO GUARD CO. I, 2ND SC VOL. CO. A 34 5TH CONN VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 35 ST. MARY'S LT. INFANTRY CO. A 36 JEFF DAVIS LEGION CO. A 37 13TH NJ VOLUNTEERS CO. A 38 15TH REGT. NJ VOL. INF. CO. A

346.0 421.0 412.0 281.7 459.0 403.0 346.0 403.0 346.0 403.0 459.0 412.0 440.0 431.0 421.0 393.0 421.0 421.0 421.0 459.0 403.0 469.0 459.0 515.0 450.0 496.0 469.0 421.0 515.0 450.0 478.0 440.0 496.0 487.0 525.0 487.0 440.0

155.5 133.2 114.0 186.5 120.6 201.4 110.3 165.2 155.8 197.8 149.0 161.8 146.1 214.0 172.8 269.5 221.1 185.3 168.6 206.5 240.4 188.4 183.5 276.2 251.9 142.0 220.4 252.4 226.3 269.3 318.0 375.0 356.0 318.0 180.3 356.0 375.0

127.4 157.6 183.6 160.0 150.4 145.6 117.3 190.6 197.1 154.0 244.9 121.4 298.9 218.1 153.3 139.0 269.2 356.0 193.0 337.0 217.9 256.3 254.2 255.2 258.1 209.2 268.0 231.4 237.8 249.2 224.8 264.4 269.6 337.0 393.0 450.0 356.0

133.6 179.7 184.7 203.8 195.7 241.6 275.1 213.0 166.9 145.3 189.0 233.5 225.7 184.7 234.4 241.6 263.0 226.3 258.5 254.0 224.1 236.1 244.1 202.1 412.0 273.5 230.5 248.0 356.0 356.0 264.8 318.0 356.0 379.3 337.0 318.0 431.0

211.7 162.0 195.6 278.4 214.0 181.9 330.0 214.5 360.0 330.0 210.1 330.0 168.4 294.7 390.0 330.0 216.5 214.3 420.0 211.4 390.0 330.0 360.0 265.7 154.6 420.0 360.0 420.0 280.1 330.0 390.0 300.0 360.0 360.0 450.0 390.0 450.0

974.2 1053.5 1089.9 1110.4 1139.7 1173.5 1178.7 1186.3 1225.8 1230.1 1252.0 1258.7 1279.1 1342.5 1371.5 1373.1 1390.8 1402.9 1461.1 1467.9 1475.4 1479.8 1500.8 1514.2 1526.6 1540.7 1547.9 1572.8 1615.2 1654.5 1675.6 1697.4 1837.6 1881.3 1885.3 2001.0 2052.0

Class B-1 Carbine 4 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 8TH REGT VIRGINIA VOL. INF CO. B 2 149TH PA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. B 3 WASHINGTON BLUE RIFLES CO. B 4 5TH VA. VOL. CAV. CO. B 5 1ST MARYLAND CAVALRY, CSA CO. B 6 2ND MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. B 7 13TH CONFEDERATE INF. CO. B

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Event 5 Total Time 274.0 92.1 149.1 152.9 194.4 862.5 337.0 127.2 172.7 169.5 183.7 990.1 421.0 180.0 175.7 211.5 115.5 1103.7 365.0 158.9 212.7 204.2 299.0 1239.8 431.0 188.2 227.6 283.0 390.0 1519.8 431.0 188.8 283.7 291.8 360.0 1555.3 543.0 318.0 431.0 468.0 540.0 2300.0

Class B-2 Carbine 2 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 CO. C, 2nd U.S. SHARPSHOOTERS CO. B

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Event 5 Total Time 403.0 112.5 222.5 167.4 360.0 1265.4

Skirmish Line Fall 2023 14

148th National Team Match Results 1 1ST STUART HORSE ARTY. CO. A 2 FORREST'S ESCORT COMPANY CO. A 3 3RD NC CAVALRY CO. A 4 YORK RANGERS, 32ND VA. INF. CO. A 5 BERDAN'S 1st U.S. SHARPSHOOTERS CO. A 6 1ST FLORIDA CAVALRY CO. A 7 110TH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 8 56TH PA. VOL. INF. CO. A 9 2ND NJ CAVALRY CO. A 10 CHISWELL'S EXILES CO. A 11 1ST MARYLAND CAVALRY, CSA CO. A 12 17TH VIRGINIA INFANTRY, CSA CO. A

177.3 34.9 52.2 42.3 306.7 170.6 24.2 65.7 53.2 313.7 152.6 17.3 74.7 99.1 343.7 176.4 17.1 66.0 121.2 380.7 147.0 35.1 146.7 55.8 384.6 200.0 21.8 128.2 89.0 439.0 159.8 17.1 164.2 100.0 441.1 150.0 59.9 180.0 67.0 456.9 181.6 86.2 45.0 175.3 488.1 115.9 134.8 113.4 132.9 497.0 174.4 50.0 187.3 98.8 510.5 202.9 36.7 136.2 154.0 529.8

Class A-3 Revolver 4 Place(s) Paid # Team Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time 1 1ST NY DRAGOONS CO. A 147.3 31.3 87.1 57.4 323.1 2 9TH REGIMENT NY CAVALRY CO. A 146.4 18.6 84.6 127.4 377.0 3 20TH GEORGIA VOL INF CO. A 135.0 23.8 158.0 135.0 451.8 4 1ST REGT. ILL. VOL. LT. ARTY. CO. A 187.0 52.3 107.0 141.2 487.5 5 29TH WISC VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 158.0 48.5 152.5 133.0 492.0 6 CHESAPEAKE ARTILLERY, CSA CO. A 153.1 25.2 161.6 161.3 501.2 7 6TH PA CAV, RUSH'S LANCERS CO. A 206.9 131.5 43.0 126.8 508.2 8 DIV. OF MARINES, CSS VIRGINIA CO. A 215.5 22.9 99.9 171.2 509.5 9 49TH VIRGINIA INFANTRY, CSA CO. B 171.3 68.9 194.7 122.6 557.5 10 OLD DOMINION DRAGOONS CO. A 178.6 77.6 136.5 164.9 557.6 11 CO B 1ST PENNSYLVANIA CAVALRY CO. A 180.0 38.3 202.0 139.4 559.7 12 48TH VIRGINIA INF. CO. A 167.7 79.4 191.3 137.6 576.0 13 ST. MARY'S LT. INFANTRY CO. A 220.7 86.4 136.1 141.4 584.6 14 HAMPTON LEGION, CSA CO. A 193.1 26.5 203.0 171.7 594.3 15 11TH N.J. VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 184.4 56.1 207.3 186.0 633.8 16 CHARTIERS VALLEY GUARDS CO. A 210.0 54.1 225.0 156.1 645.2 17 1ST PA RIFLES (BUCKTAILS) CO. A 232.7 158.2 110.2 151.4 652.5 18 JEFF DAVIS LEGION CO. A 218.9 74.1 232.5 149.9 675.4 19 5TH CONN VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 210.2 134.8 173.0 175.3 693.3 20 19TH MICHIGAN INFANTRY CO. A 225.0 108.4 223.7 165.1 722.2 21 11TH VA CAVALRY CO. A 209.2 178.3 223.9 134.4 745.8 22 CO. C, 2nd U.S. SHARPSHOOTERS CO. A 179.2 156.2 221.5 191.9 748.8 23 118TH PA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 225.0 148.6 222.4 155.5 751.5 24 TUCKERS NAVAL BRIGADE CO. A 191.3 287.8 161.0 149.7 789.8 25 3RD MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. A 205.7 291.8 160.0 183.4 840.9 Class B Revolver 4 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 149TH PA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. B 2 2ND MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. B 3 8TH REGT VIRGINIA VOL. INF CO. B 4 IREDELL BLUES CO. B 5 9TH VIRGINIA CAVALRY, CSA CO. B 6 5TH VA. VOL. CAV. CO. A 7 WASHINGTON BLUE RIFLES CO. B 8 9TH REGIMENT NY CAVALRY CO. B

15 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time 141.4 43.2 58.1 122.0 364.7 182.4 21.1 74.3 98.0 375.8 142.2 71.4 49.5 119.1 382.2 214.3 32.4 79.8 106.9 433.4 175.1 29.1 138.0 121.2 463.4 161.7 32.5 160.0 161.4 515.6 225.3 69.1 127.1 130.0 551.5 127.0 151.7 180.0 136.9 595.6

2 29TH WISC VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. B 3 9TH REGIMENT NY CAVALRY CO. B 4 2ND NJ CAVALRY CO. B 5 TAMMANY REGIMENT CO. B 6 12TH REGIMENT PA RESERVE VOLS. CO. B 7 CO B 1ST PENNSYLVANIA CAVALRY CO. B 8 1ST PA RIFLES (BUCKTAILS) CO. B 9 63RD NEW YORK STATE VOL. INF. CO. B 10 48TH VIRGINIA INF. CO. B

393.0 431.0 469.0 553.0 534.0 525.0 515.0 562.0 478.0

157.0 337.0 356.0 239.8 300.0 375.0 412.0 431.0 468.0

249.7 226.0 199.9 337.0 356.0 356.0 506.0 450.0 468.0

250.2 210.1 223.0 337.0 337.0 393.0 450.0 487.0 630.0

510.0 360.0 360.0 390.0 330.0 450.0 480.0 480.0 390.0

Class A-1 Breech-Loader 4 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 8TH REGT VIRGINIA VOL. INF CO. A 2 110TH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 3 2ND MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. A 4 HARLAN'S LIGHT CAVALRY CO. A 5 9TH VIRGINIA CAVALRY, CSA CO. A 6 21ST VA INFANTRY, MD GUARD CO. A 7 2ND NJ CAVALRY CO. A 8 1ST MARYLAND CAVALRY, CSA CO. A 9 29TH WISC VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 10 11TH VA CAVALRY CO. A 11 1ST NY DRAGOONS CO. A 12 1ST VALLEY RANGERS CO. A 13 IREDELL BLUES CO. A 14 NORFOLK LIGHT INFANTRY CO. A

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time 59.1 25.5 23.9 28.0 136.5 62.6 22.7 43.9 37.2 166.4 57.5 42.4 34.5 33.5 167.9 107.1 34.0 29.2 26.2 196.5 138.0 24.7 34.6 22.3 219.6 93.6 26.8 38.3 62.2 220.9 111.6 28.4 43.8 44.4 228.2 158.0 56.3 50.2 57.1 321.6 202.0 37.9 55.8 27.0 322.7 158.4 58.1 65.2 48.0 329.7 164.2 41.0 101.5 30.5 337.2 158.5 31.7 59.1 100.2 349.5 191.0 56.7 90.5 73.6 411.8 236.0 49.5 97.9 68.9 452.3

Class A-2 Breech-Loader 2 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 3RD MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. A 2 9TH REGIMENT NY CAVALRY CO. A 3 TUCKERS NAVAL BRIGADE CO. A 4 49TH VIRGINIA INFANTRY, CSA CO. A 5 17TH VIRGINIA INFANTRY, CSA CO. A 6 SOUTHAMPTON GREYS CO. A

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time 148.9 82.0 56.0 37.9 324.8 180.0 30.6 67.5 51.9 330.0 196.0 50.0 96.4 80.0 422.4 236.0 62.9 42.5 127.5 468.9 171.3 73.7 155.1 71.7 471.8 219.0 108.8 64.9 161.0 553.7

Class A-3 Breech-Loader 3 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 1ST STUART HORSE ARTY. CO. A 2 TAMMANY REGIMENT CO. A 3 3RD REGT. GA. VOL. INF. CO. A 4 14TH VIRGINIA CAVALRY CO. A 5 LANCASTER FENCIBLES CO. A 6 12TH REGIMENT PA RESERVE VOLS. CO. A 7 13TH REGIMENT NC INFANTRY CO. A 8 15TH REGT. NJ VOL. INF. CO. A

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time 141.5 34.6 65.5 52.2 293.8 230.0 92.0 94.4 79.6 496.0 219.0 100.0 95.1 216.0 630.1 241.0 77.2 121.1 198.0 637.3 270.0 126.0 153.9 88.2 638.1 236.0 173.4 179.8 198.0 787.2 241.0 180.0 202.0 171.1 794.1 281.0 191.0 236.0 216.0 924.0

1559.9 1564.1 1607.9 1856.8 1857.0 2099.0 2363.0 2410.0 2434.0

148th National Team Match Results 9 21ST VA INFANTRY, MD GUARD CO. B 10 48TH VIRGINIA INF. CO. B 11 HARRIS' LIGHT CAVALRY CO. B 12 49TH VIRGINIA INFANTRY, CSA CO. A 13 3RD NC CAVALRY CO. B 14 19TH MICHIGAN INFANTRY CO. B Class C Revolver 1 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 9TH VIRGINIA CAVALRY, CSA CO. C

214.0 225.0 236.9 239.9 171.3 213.1

57.0 42.2 171.3 166.7 208.8 211.3

188.5 158.0 178.3 151.4 169.0 195.0

140.0 599.5 216.1 641.3 119.0 705.5 177.1 735.1 218.1 767.2 173.2 792.6

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time 236.0 98.6 128.9 126.7 590.2 230.0 47.1 247.0 142.3 666.4 253.0 146.7 153.8 121.8 675.3 270.0 167.5 162.5 198.0 798.0 309.0 191.0 281.0 216.0 997.0

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time 187.4 91.5 141.3 64.5 484.7

Class A-1 Smoothbore 5 Place(s) Paid # Team Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time 1 HARLAN'S LIGHT CAVALRY CO. A 53.7 37.6 58.2 41.1 190.6 2 110TH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 58.3 32.4 50.1 75.4 216.2 3 21ST VA INFANTRY, MD GUARD CO. A 65.3 45.7 64.8 48.4 224.2 4 1ST MARYLAND CAVALRY, CSA CO. A 91.4 39.4 61.7 66.9 259.4 5 IREDELL BLUES CO. A 78.2 71.6 62.3 67.1 279.2 6 149TH PA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 78.9 45.6 88.5 70.3 283.3 7 FORREST'S ESCORT COMPANY CO. A 76.5 42.7 68.5 106.8 294.5 8 WASHINGTON BLUE RIFLES CO. A 108.1 52.0 44.3 101.7 306.1 9 HANOVER GRAYS CO. A 103.9 72.8 67.1 72.0 315.8 10 9TH VIRGINIA CAVALRY, CSA CO. A 104.3 56.0 52.2 125.8 338.3 11 DIV. OF MARINES, CSS VIRGINIA CO. A 145.7 59.5 52.6 87.0 344.8 12 COCKADE RIFLES CO. A 105.2 52.8 123.5 66.7 348.2 13 1ST MICH. VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 140.5 55.9 39.9 136.5 372.8 14 8TH REGT VIRGINIA VOL. INF CO. A 123.9 77.3 69.5 103.0 373.7 15 1ST FLORIDA CAVALRY CO. A 131.3 65.8 110.4 82.9 390.4 16 9TH REGIMENT NY CAVALRY CO. A 180.0 69.7 77.1 71.1 397.9 17 2ND MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. A 144.4 102.1 59.2 118.7 424.4 18 TAMMANY REGIMENT CO. A 157.2 40.7 109.8 129.0 436.7 19 29TH WISC VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 160.0 55.1 135.0 120.8 470.9 20 HAZELWOOD VOLUNTEERS CO. A 139.1 95.6 98.5 138.7 471.9 21 5TH VA. VOL. INF. CO. A 136.5 83.8 166.9 89.3 476.5 22 1ST NY DRAGOONS CO. A 210.0 69.7 121.8 116.2 517.7 23 MOSBY'S RANGERS CO. A 195.0 79.9 126.2 133.0 534.1 24 CHARTIERS VALLEY GUARDS CO. A 163.0 130.5 100.0 210.0 603.5 25 14TH MISS. INFANTRY REGIMENT CO. A 147.4 53.7 202.0 210.0 613.1 26 CO. G, 114TH ILLINOIS INFANTRY CO. A 225.0 143.0 148.0 111.4 627.4 27 JEFF DAVIS LEGION CO. A 285.0 315.0 315.0 300.0 1215.0 Class A-2 Smoothbore 4 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 3RD MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. A 2 TERRY'S TEXAS RANGERS CO. A 3 2ND VIRGINIA VOL. INF. CO. A 4 KNAP'S BATTERY E, PA LT. ARTY. CO. A 5 12TH REGT. U.S. REGULAR INF. CO. A

Class B Breech-Loader 2 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 8TH REGT VIRGINIA VOL. INF CO. B 2 2ND MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. B 3 2ND NJ CAVALRY CO. B 4 29TH WISC VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. B 5 9TH REGIMENT NY CAVALRY CO. B

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time 68.4 82.5 59.7 80.4 291.0 113.0 74.5 81.9 148.0 417.4 100.3 74.5 104.0 139.3 418.1 171.3 64.6 91.5 92.0 419.4 195.0 73.5 69.8 88.8 427.1

Class A-3 Smoothbore 5 Place(s) Paid # Team Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time 1 11TH VA CAVALRY CO. A 146.1 134.8 98.5 101.9 481.3 2 6TH PA CAV, RUSH'S LANCERS CO. A 210.0 82.9 94.7 125.0 512.6 3 CHISWELL'S EXILES CO. A 165.8 126.4 123.6 103.1 518.9 4 HARDAWAY'S ALABAMA BTTY CO. B 150.0 93.7 146.9 133.2 523.8 5 PALMETTO SHARPSHOOTERS CO. A 180.0 106.3 83.5 164.0 533.8 6 WHITE'S CO, 35TH VIRGINIA CAV. CO. A 210.0 54.9 81.0 210.0 555.9 7 13TH CONFEDERATE INF. CO. B 176.7 135.2 134.6 154.6 601.1 8 120TH NY VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 161.7 81.0 107.9 270.0 620.6 9 1ST MARYLAND INFANTRY, CSA CO. A 150.5 79.8 225.0 172.4 627.7 10 CO B 1ST PENNSYLVANIA CAVALRY CO. A 195.0 103.0 151.1 179.4 628.5 11 6TH ALABAMA (RACCOON ROUGHS) CO. A 225.0 89.3 126.1 210.0 650.4 12 15TH CONN. VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 138.1 122.7 93.9 300.0 654.7 13 1ST SC VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 195.0 122.9 103.5 240.0 661.4 14 5TH CONN VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 195.0 62.2 180.0 240.0 677.2 15 11TH N.J. VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 210.0 97.9 159.8 210.0 677.7 16 1ST RICHMOND RIFLES CO. A 210.0 89.0 145.6 240.0 684.6 17 4TH VIRGINIA INFANTRY CO. A 240.0 118.9 161.7 179.0 699.6 18 HAMPTON LEGION, CSA CO. A 151.6 173.6 136.7 240.0 701.9 19 3RD NC CAVALRY CO. A 255.0 145.1 103.2 210.0 713.3 20 72ND NY VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 255.0 131.8 153.2 210.0 750.0 21 11TH REGIMENT, PA VOL. INF. CO. A 255.0 88.7 202.0 210.0 755.7 22 14TH VIRGINIA CAVALRY CO. A 183.0 120.0 167.4 300.0 770.4 23 149TH NY VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 240.0 142.1 122.8 270.0 774.9 24 1ST REGT ENGINEER TROOPS, ANV CO. A 225.0 79.8 174.6 300.0 779.4 25 1ST VALLEY RANGERS CO. A 143.3 179.9 225.0 240.0 788.2 26 12TH REGIMENT PA RESERVE VOLS. CO. A 176.8 149.0 180.0 300.0 805.8 27 PALMETTO GUARD CO. I, 2ND SC VOL. CO. A 180.0 138.1 247.0 270.0 835.1 28 WYTHE RIFLES CO. A 270.0 155.3 170.6 240.0 835.9 29 69TH NY STATE VOLUNTEERS CO. A 240.0 138.5 171.8 300.0 850.3 30 19TH MICHIGAN INFANTRY CO. A 240.0 130.0 202.0 300.0 872.0 31 48TH VIRGINIA INF. CO. A 255.0 202.0 202.0 270.0 929.0 32 20TH GEORGIA VOL INF CO. A 240.0 144.0 225.0 330.0 939.0 33 7TH REGT. VIRGINIA VOLUNTEERS CO. A 255.0 247.0 270.0 173.7 945.7 34 DURELL'S INDEPENDENT BATTERY CO. A 255.0 171.8 225.0 300.0 951.8 35 MC GREGOR'S 2ND BATTERY CO. A 270.0 247.0 202.0 240.0 959.0 36 LAUREL BRIGADE, ANV. CO. A 255.0 202.0 270.0 240.0 967.0

Skirmish Line Fall 2023 16

148th National Team Match Results 6 TUCKERS NAVAL BRIGADE CO. A 7 3RD REGT. GA. VOL. INF. CO. A 8 111TH OHIO VOL. INF. CO. A 9 1ST U.S. ARTILLERY CO. A 10 CO. C, 2nd U.S. SHARPSHOOTERS CO. A 11 1ST STUART HORSE ARTY. CO. A 12 4TH KENTUCKY CAVALRY CO. A 13 1ST REGT. ILL. VOL. LT. ARTY. CO. B 14 HARRIS' LIGHT CAVALRY CO. A 15 MC NEILL'S RANGERS CO. A 16 2ND NJ CAVALRY CO. A 17 34TH BTTN. VIRGINIA CAVALRY CO. A 18 CO G 23RD NC STATE TROOPS CO. A 19 11TH INDIANA ZOUAVES CO. A 20 BATTERY C, 1ST MICH. LT. ARTY. CO. A 21 14TH TENNESSEE INFANTRY REGT. CO. A 22 BERDAN'S 1st U.S. SHARPSHOOTERS CO. A 23 27TH NORTH CAROLINA TROOPS CO. A 24 49TH VIRGINIA INFANTRY, CSA CO. B 25 1ST PA RIFLES (BUCKTAILS) CO. A

125.1 138.8 168.3 135.4 130.8 180.0 225.0 138.5 176.7 153.4 138.3 210.0 168.1 135.4 149.6 210.0 143.1 210.0 160.8 315.0

73.6 58.5 95.0 104.3 69.0 98.3 101.3 109.1 57.8 110.1 79.0 88.6 83.1 152.3 160.0 72.0 152.5 117.6 138.1 108.1

100.3 142.8 96.5 137.1 133.2 89.1 88.5 107.2 145.3 137.8 85.2 136.4 109.4 139.6 170.0 127.4 115.4 116.6 123.8 103.5

128.7 427.7 92.7 432.8 83.0 442.8 70.0 446.8 134.6 467.6 115.0 482.4 85.7 500.5 157.1 511.9 141.0 520.8 128.9 530.2 240.0 542.5 131.7 566.7 210.0 570.6 170.4 597.7 148.7 628.3 270.0 679.4 270.0 681.0 240.0 684.2 270.0 692.7 210.0 736.6

Breech-Loader SS 4 Place(s) Paid # Team Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time 1 149TH PA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 28.6 46.5 26.1 43.5 144.7 2 110TH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 41.3 42.8 35.4 28.6 148.1 3 WASHINGTON BLUE RIFLES CO. A 45.1 51.9 33.4 61.5 191.9 4 1ST MARYLAND CAVALRY, CSA CO. A 62.9 56.0 19.4 59.5 197.8 5 110TH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. B 81.5 80.6 50.2 40.1 252.4 6 2ND NJ CAVALRY CO. A 42.9 93.5 41.9 76.6 254.9 7 21ST VA INFANTRY, MD GUARD CO. A 71.2 117.4 38.7 40.7 268.0 8 29TH WISC VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 89.1 93.7 30.6 73.6 287.0 9 8TH REGT VIRGINIA VOL. INF CO. A 64.9 89.7 61.4 72.5 288.5 10 2ND MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. A 69.2 102.4 56.8 82.9 311.3 11 149TH PA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. B 104.4 111.0 46.5 80.3 342.2 12 YORK RANGERS, 32ND VA. INF. CO. A 94.8 115.7 81.0 78.7 370.2 13 111TH OHIO VOL. INF. CO. A 148.6 106.8 97.3 65.0 417.7 14 1ST MARYLAND CAVALRY, CSA CO. B 107.5 168.5 62.0 121.6 459.6 15 DELAWARE BLUES CO. A 77.9 40.0 46.0 143.8 507.7 16 1ST FLORIDA CAVALRY CO. A 324.0 87.0 69.9 84.0 564.9 17 11TH REGIMENT, PA VOL. INF. CO. A 158.6 167.1 136.7 164.9 627.3 18 8TH REGT VIRGINIA VOL. INF CO. B 396.0 180.0 91.2 77.5 744.7 19 46TH ILLINOIS VOL. INF. REGT. CO. A 252.0 210.0 127.1 166.7 755.8 20 14TH MISS. INFANTRY REGIMENT CO. A 324.0 210.0 91.2 180.0 805.2 21 CO. C, 2nd U.S. SHARPSHOOTERS CO. A 324.0 270.0 120.0 117.0 831.0 Spencer 1 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 1ST MARYLAND CAVALRY, CSA CO. A 2 1ST REGT. ILL. VOL. LT. ARTY. CO. A 3 46TH ILLINOIS VOL. INF. REGT. CO. A

17 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time 304.0 148.1 292.0 165.1 909.2 315.0 166.6 202.0 252.0 935.6 405.0 117.0 176.7 252.0 950.7

37 1ST REGT. VA. VOLS. CO. A 38 WHEAT'S SPECIAL BTTN,LA TIGERS CO. A 39 63RD NEW YORK STATE VOL. INF. CO. A 40 46TH ILLINOIS VOL. INF. REGT. CO. A

330.0 255.0 255.0 285.0

247.0 247.0 202.0 270.0

247.0 270.0 270.0 270.0

210.0 1034.0 300.0 1072.0 360.0 1087.0 360.0 1185.0

Class B Smoothbore 6 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 110TH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. B 2 9TH VIRGINIA CAVALRY, CSA CO. B 3 WASHINGTON BLUE RIFLES CO. B 4 149TH PA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. B 5 HARLAN'S LIGHT CAVALRY CO. B 6 8TH REGT VIRGINIA VOL. INF CO. B 7 2ND VIRGINIA VOL. INF. CO. B 8 29TH WISC VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. B 9 21ST VA INFANTRY, MD GUARD CO. B 10 5TH VA. VOL. INF. CO. B 11 9TH REGIMENT NY CAVALRY CO. B 12 13TH CONFEDERATE INF. CO. A 13 3RD MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. B 14 CO. C, 2nd U.S. SHARPSHOOTERS CO. B 15 1ST MARYLAND CAVALRY, CSA CO. B 16 2ND NJ CAVALRY CO. B 17 34TH BTTN. VIRGINIA CAVALRY CO. B 18 MC NEILL'S RANGERS CO. B 19 2ND MARYLAND ARTILLERY, CSA CO. B 20 49TH VIRGINIA INFANTRY, CSA CO. A 21 CO B 1ST PENNSYLVANIA CAVALRY CO. B 22 1ST FLORIDA CAVALRY CO. B 23 1ST REGT. ILL. VOL. LT. ARTY. CO. A 24 HARDAWAY'S ALABAMA BTTY CO. A 25 12TH REGIMENT PA RESERVE VOLS. CO. B 26 HARRIS' LIGHT CAVALRY CO. B 27 FORREST'S ESCORT COMPANY CO. B 28 TUCKERS NAVAL BRIGADE CO. B 29 1ST U.S. ARTILLERY CO. B 30 PALMETTO SHARPSHOOTERS CO. B 31 TERRY'S TEXAS RANGERS CO. B 32 COCKADE RIFLES CO. B 33 5TH CONN VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. B 34 1ST REGT. VA. VOLS. CO. B

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time 90.2 78.3 86.5 61.4 316.4 119.1 46.2 89.4 97.3 352.0 108.9 73.9 95.6 83.4 361.8 80.4 87.9 90.1 153.7 412.1 78.8 71.7 52.7 210.0 413.2 145.9 74.7 71.3 135.7 427.6 225.0 89.9 95.1 68.0 478.0 152.2 101.9 111.3 136.9 502.3 174.9 76.2 94.7 162.5 508.3 140.8 124.5 136.5 114.6 516.4 180.0 118.6 99.6 153.7 551.9 179.9 79.5 101.9 240.0 601.3 195.0 118.2 147.7 180.0 640.9 240.0 99.0 87.5 240.0 666.5 148.4 102.8 135.2 300.0 686.4 240.0 89.1 160.8 210.0 699.9 225.0 129.2 127.0 240.0 721.2 240.0 84.0 112.9 300.0 736.9 210.0 121.3 130.4 300.0 761.7 240.0 155.9 129.0 240.0 764.9 195.0 123.9 247.0 210.0 775.9 240.0 147.8 126.2 270.0 784.0 255.0 133.1 151.8 270.0 809.9 255.0 135.7 270.0 160.0 820.7 225.0 202.0 158.6 240.0 825.6 225.0 202.0 182.3 240.0 849.3 210.0 142.2 202.0 330.0 884.2 210.0 122.5 270.0 300.0 902.5 255.0 247.0 172.9 240.0 914.9 255.0 117.7 270.0 300.0 942.7 285.0 159.9 202.0 300.0 946.9 255.0 247.0 225.0 270.0 997.0 240.0 225.0 247.0 300.0 1012.0 300.0 202.0 225.0 330.0 1057.0

Class C Smoothbore 3 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 5TH VA. VOL. INF. CO. C 2 8TH REGT VIRGINIA VOL. INF CO. C 3 CO. C, 2nd U.S. SHARPSHOOTERS CO. C 4 13TH CONFEDERATE INF. CO. C

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time 225.0 93.6 122.3 149.7 590.6 195.0 80.4 90.6 270.0 636.0 255.0 137.4 225.0 210.0 827.4 240.0 148.6 110.4 330.0 829.0

Class B SS Pistol

148th National Team Match Results Class A-1 SS Pistol 3 Place(s) Paid # Team Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time 1 1ST MARYLAND CAVALRY, CSA CO. A 60.5 34.3 54.1 52.8 201.7 2 YORK RANGERS, 32ND VA. INF. CO. A 111.5 38.9 70.8 63.4 284.6 3 8TH REGT VIRGINIA VOL. INF CO. A 137.4 53.5 108.3 61.2 360.4 4 149TH PA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 220.0 82.0 79.0 84.0 465.0 5 1ST STUART HORSE ARTY. CO. A 220.0 78.1 60.5 156.7 515.3 6 2ND NJ CAVALRY CO. A 300.0 83.5 88.2 116.6 588.3 7 12TH REGT. U.S. REGULAR INF. CO. A 220.0 89.3 108.3 174.7 592.3 8 49TH VIRGINIA INFANTRY, CSA CO. A 220.0 76.1 240.0 69.4 605.5 9 29TH WISC VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 380.0 82.5 122.4 153.5 738.4 10 21ST VA INFANTRY, MD GUARD CO. A 220.0 63.4 300.0 173.4 756.8 11 NORFOLK LIGHT INFANTRY CO. A 340.0 162.0 240.0 146.7 888.7 12 15TH CONN. VOLUNTEER INFANTRY CO. A 300.0 127.0 300.0 240.0 967.0 13 46TH ILLINOIS VOL. INF. REGT. CO. A 460.0 134.2 300.0 75.0 969.2 14 1ST FLORIDA CAVALRY CO. A 260.0 90.9 300.0 360.0 1010.9 15 CO. C, 2nd U.S. SHARPSHOOTERS CO. A 340.0 87.8 300.0 300.0 1027.8 16 WASHINGTON BLUE RIFLES CO. A 420.0 131.7 300.0 240.0 1091.7 17 HARRIS' LIGHT CAVALRY CO. A 300.0 150.7 420.0 420.0 1290.7 18 6TH PA CAV, RUSH'S LANCERS CO. A 380.0 300.0 300.0 360.0 1340.0 19 TERRY'S TEXAS RANGERS CO. A Artillery Match Results500.0 180.0 420.0 300.0 1400.0

Artillery, Rifled Results: Place Gun/Crew 1 MCNEILL'S RANGERS 2 3RD US (GALLOWAY) 3 1ST VIRGINIA VOLS. 4 3RD US (SMITHGALL) 5 CO G 23RD N.C. ST TRP 6 2ND MARYLAND ARTY, CSA 7 1ST PA RIFLES BUCKTAILS 8 1ST VIRGINIA CAVALRY NO. 2 9 DULANY TRP 6TH VA CAV NO. 2 10 ROWAN ARTILLERY 11 8TH REGT VA VOL INF 12 12TH REGT US REG INF 13 5TH VA VOL INF 14 27TH NORTH CAROLINA STATE TR00PS 15 1ST MARYLAND CAV (TIM) 16 SOUTHAMPTON GRAYS NO. 2 17 SOUTHAMPTON GRAYS NO. 1 18 14TH CONN VOL INF 19 7H VA VOL INF 20 DULANY TRP 6TH VA CAV NO. 1 21 6TH ALABAMA RACCOON ROUGHS 22 1ST VALLEY RANGERS 23 3RD US (WELLS) 24 DULANY TRP 6TH VA CAV NO. 3 25 3RD US (REYNOLDS) 26 1ST TENNESSEE VOL INF

Score 50-4V 50-4V 50-3V 49-5V 49-0V 48-3V 48-2V 45-3V 45-1V 44-0V 43-1V 43-1V 43-0V 42-2V 42-1V 41-3V 41-2V 41-1V 39-0V 38-1V 36-0V 34-2V 34-0V 33-1V 17-0V 10-0V

1 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 8TH REGT VIRGINIA VOL. INF CO. B

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time 340.0 58.3 106.2 179.0 683.5

Class C SS Pistol 1 Place(s) Paid # Team 1 8TH REGT VIRGINIA VOL. INF CO. C

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 4 Total Time 340.0 164.9 420.0 240.0 1164.9

Artillery, Smoothbore Results: Place Gun/Crew 1 DIXIE ARTILLERY 2 3RD US (KURDT) 3 HARDAWAY'S ALA BTTY 4 1ST VIRGINIA CAVALRY NO. 1 5 1ST MARYLAND CAV NO.2 (TIM) 6 3RD MARYLAND ARTY NO. 2 7 1ST MARYLAND ARTY, CSA 8 3RD MARYLAND ARTY NO. 1 9 3RD US (HIPPLE) 10 1ST PA ARTILLERY

Score 47-3V 41-1V 40-4V 37-0V 35-0V 32-0V 30-1V 17-0V 11-0V 5-0V

Howitzer Results: Place Gun/Crew 1 HARDAWAY'S ALA BTTY NO. 1 2 ROWAN ARTILLERY 3 3RD MARYLAND ARTY 4 8TH REGT VA VOL INF 5 DIXIE ARTILLERY

Score 50-4V 47-4V 47-0V 33-1V 27-0V

Rifled Howitzer Results: Place Gun/Crew 1 1ST MARYLAND CAV 2 3RD US (POTTS) 3 COCKADE RIFLES 4 PALMETTO SHARPSHOOTERS

Score 49-1V 48-1V 47-1V 37-3V

Skirmish Line Fall 2023 18

148th National Team Match Results Mortar Match Results:

Place

Mortar 1 11TH N.J. VOL INF #1 2 NORFOLK LIGHT INF #1 3 HARDAWAY'S ALA BTTY #2 4 12 REGT U.S. REG INF #1 5 3RD MARYLAND ARTY #1 6 1ST MARYLAND CAV NO.1(8 INCH ) #1 7 SOUTHAMPTON GREYS #1 8 12TH REGT PA RES VOLS #2 9 1ST VIRGINIA VOLS (LARS) #1 10 TUCKERS NAVAL BRIGADE #1 11 1ST VALLEY RANGERS #1 12 3RD MARYLAND ARTY #2 13 3RD US (SMITHGALL) #1 14 HARDAWAY'S ALA BTTY #1 15 DULANY TROOP 6TH VA CAV #1 16 12TH REGT PA. RES VOLS #1 17 BERDAN'S 1ST US SHARPSHOOTERS #1 18 1ST PA RIFLES (BUCKTAILS) #1 19 7TH MICHIGAN VOL INF #1 20 30TH VA SHARPSHOOTER BTTN #1 21 ROWAN ARTILLERY #1 22 2ND MARYLAND ARTY #1 23 3RD US (HIPPLE) #1 24 7TH REGT VIRGINIA VOLS #1 25 1ST VIRGINIA CAVALRY #1 26 2ND NJ CAV #1 27 3RD US (SOSKO) #1 28 8TH REGT VA VOLS #1 29 MCNEILL'S RANGERS #1 30 ROWAN ARTILLERY #2 31 PALMETTO GUARD CO. I, 2ND SC #1 32 9TH REGIMENT NY CAV #1 33 1ST REGT ILL VOL LT ARTY #2 34 73RD NY VOL INF #1 35 COCKADE RIFLES #1 36 WHEAT'S SPEC BTTY LA TIGERS #1 37 7TH REGT VIRGINIA VOLS #2 38 15TH REGT NJ VOL INF #1 39 DIXIE ARTY #1 40 ALLEGHENY CITY GUARDS #1 41 FORREST'S ESCORT COMPANY #1 42 15TH IND BTTY OHIO LT ARTY #1 43 3RD US (TITZEL) #1

19 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

Shot 1 6ft-4.5in 2ft-3.5in 1ft-10in 0ft-0in 2ft-0in 1ft-10.5in 0ft-5.25in 4ft-5in 4ft-5in 4ft-4.75in 2ft-4in 6ft-2in 9ft-1.5in 5ft-2in 5ft-9.5in 6ft-9.25in 7ft-10.25in 5ft-10in 5ft-7in 4ft-0.75in 12ft-3.5in 2ft-7in 4ft-4in 10ft-10in 5ft-5in 45ft-11.5in 3ft-7in 11ft-0in 3ft-0in 8ft-4in 0ft-9.75in 5ft-3in 8ft-7in 11ft-8in 10ft-6in 6ft-6in 6ft-0.5in 7ft-0in 2ft-1in 5ft-6in 37ft-2in 49ft-6.5in 37ft-5in

Shot 2 10ft-2.5in 3ft-8.25in 4ft-8in 1ft-9in 3ft-9in 3ft-2.5in 2ft-11.25in 4ft-10in 5ft-7in 4ft-6in 4ft-10.5in 7ft-1.5in 6ft-11in 6ft-8in 8ft-1.5in 7ft-7.5in 12ft-0in 7ft-11in 10ft-2in 10ft-8in 8ft-2.75in 8ft-4.25in 6ft-0in 5ft-7in 7ft-2.5in 7ft-7.5in 9ft-5in 14ft-10.5in 7ft-2.5in 15ft-3.5in 18ft-11.25in 14ft-2in 13ft-7in 12ft-8.5in 12ft-11in 27ft-6in 10ft-5in 12ft-4in 6ft-0in 27ft-8in 14ft-6in 55ft-7in 38ft-3in

Shot 3 1ft-6.5in 6ft-3.5in 5ft-5in 3ft-11in 8ft-4in 3ft-5.75in 3ft-2in 8ft-8in 8ft-11in 10ft-11in 12ft-5.5in 8ft-9in 8ft-6.5in 11ft-2.5in 8ft-7in 9ft-6in 15ft-3in 15ft-7in 10ft-5in 16ft-0.5in 17ft-9in 14ft-11in 8ft-5in 8ft-5.5in 10ft-7in 7ft-1in 15ft-1in 19ft-10.5in 10ft-9.2in 22ft-6.25in 24ft-5.5in 26ft-0in 16ft-2in 13ft-5.5in 17ft-1in 27ft-10in 15ft-4in 34ft-0in 15ft-10in 28ft-8in 12ft-0in 56ft-7in 56ft-6in

Shot 4 2ft-2in 6ft-10in 9ft-11in 12ft-0in 11ft-4.5in 13ft-0.5in 17ft-2.5in 14ft-3.5in 10ft-11in 11ft-0in 12ft-7in 11ft-10in 13ft-8.5in 17ft-11in 18ft-7in 20ft-4.75in 16ft-6.375in 15ft-9in 18ft-7in 20ft-0.5in 18ft-2.75in 19ft-1in 24ft-0in 27ft-8.5in 20ft-3in 9ft-2.5in 25ft-2.5in 25ft-0.5in 32ft-8.5in 29ft-0.5in 29ft-1in 28ft-6in 24ft-9.5in 33ft-6in 27ft-1in 27ft-11in 37ft-6.5in 41ft-0in 55ft-5in 36ft-6in 37ft-4in 64ft-8.5in 80ft-8in

Shot 5 5ft-4.5in 14ft-1.5in 12ft-11in 21ft-1in 14ft-0in 21ft-10in 22ft-1in 15ft-8.5in 20ft-8in 20ft-1in 20ft-7.5in 22ft-7in 19ft-10.5in 18ft-3in 18ft-9.5in 22ft-0in 17ft-9.125in 26ft-5.5in 30ft-0in 24ft-0.75in 21ft-1.5in 33ft-7.5in 36ft-0in 28ft-10in 40ft-4in 18ft-10in 37ft-6in 24ft-9in 42ft-2in 32ft-4in 35ft-9.25in 35ft-3in 47ft-7in 39ft-9.5in 44ft-5in 28ft-5in 52ft-8.5in 41ft-8in 63ft-5in 45ft-2in 52ft-0in 66ft-1.5in 86ft-1in

Total 25ft-8in 33ft-2.75in 34ft-9in 38ft-9in 39ft-5.5in 43ft-5.25in 45ft-10in 47ft-11in 50ft-6in 50ft-10.75in 52ft-10.5in 56ft-5.5in 58ft-2in 59ft-2.5in 59ft-10.5in 66ft-3.5in 69ft-4.75in 71ft-6.5in 74ft-9in 74ft-10.5in 77ft-7.5in 78ft-6.75in 78ft-9in 81ft-5in 83ft-9.5in 88ft-8.5in 90ft-9.5in 95ft-6.5in 95ft-10.2in 107ft-6.25in 109ft-0.75in 109ft-2in 110ft-8.5in 111ft-1.5in 112ft-0in 118ft-2in 122ft-0.5in 136ft-0in 142ft-9in 143ft-6in 153ft-0in 292ft-6.5in 298ft-11in

148th National Individual Results 10 Places Paid # Expert 1 3590 2 13655 3 11131 4 14404 5 12403 6 4354 7 10496 8 11929 9 9863 10 14229

SCHNEEMAN, E SCANLAN, C O'BRYANT, K WARD, J SELLARO, S HUGHES, M HARRIS, S ROUCH, M WETZEL, J LAKATOS, B

96-03X 92-02X 92-01X 92-01X 91-01X 91-01X 91-00X 91-00X 90-01X 90-01X

10825 13045 5735 10846 10808 3390 6450 6738 9575 9666

Sharpshooter KNIPSCHER, W STAHLNECKER, M KOZLOWSKI, A DOUGLAS, R WILSON, F KEPPLER, A KING, A GIBSON, D PLAKIS, III, J COX, J

91-02X 90-00X 89-01X 89-00X 88-01X 88-00X 88-00X 88-00X 87-01X 87-00X

9895 8231 5699 9777 2881 2078 14061 10358 5564 9531

Marksman CHABALOWSKI, R WARREN, G SMITH, D SITZMAN, K DIXON, D BURGESS, JR., J SCHRECK, J SHAW, M OLINGER, J CRABILL, P

92-01X 89-00X 89-00X 87-01X 87-00X 86-02X 86-01X 86-01X 85-00X 85-00X

4869 1862 14189 14368 13938 9481 4272 11287 12418 13417

Striker RUGGIERO, L SAGER, W HILL, C MINICUCCI, R MIKLOS, T HICKS, E EARLY, JR., G WENZEL, T HAMMES, D BANE, F

92-01X 88-01X 87-00X 87-00X 85-01X 85-01X 85-00X 84-00X 83-00X 83-00X

100-Yard Musket Results 9 Places Paid # Expert 1 2756 2 3590 3 4354 4 10496 5 12403 6 9269 7 13172 8 11929 9 11692

HARRISON,JR., L SCHNEEMAN, E HUGHES, M HARRIS, S SELLARO, S MAGNO, T RINDLER, J ROUCH, M BUMFORD, A

94-03X 93-00X 93-00X 90-02X 90-01X 90-01X 89-01X 89-01X 89-00X

11066 4466 10846 8885 9354 8904 10414 6593 10621

Sharpshooter RZEPKOWSKI,III,W SCHELL, G DOUGLAS, R LICHLITER, J TUCKER, B FLEES, L BROCKMILLER, G BALLA, S WENCHEL, III, J

90-00X 89-01X 89-00X 88-01X 88-00X 87-00X 86-01X 86-00X 86-00X

2881 9158 5109 13884 1876 9777 11127 11585 14061

Marksman DIXON, D HERRICK, K BLY, J OPALECKY, W BAUM, J SITZMAN, K MINNEMAN, A WESTERBECK, R SCHRECK, J

91-01X 89-01X 89-00X 86-00X 84-00X 84-00X 84-00X 84-00X 84-00X

12974 10654 13938 13276 12440 11254 14034 6515 11413

Striker LINN, J BALDWIN, D MIKLOS, T WILL, A WHITE, C HEIZER, C OSTNER, S LOHMEYER,III, J HILDEBRANDT-ELTON, R

87-00X 82-00X 81-00X 80-02X 80-00X 80-00X 79-00X 79-00X 78-00X

Musket Aggregate Results 6 Places Paid # Expert 1 3590 SCHNEEMAN, E 2 4354 HUGHES, M 3 2756 HARRISON, JR.,L 4 10496 HARRIS, S 5 12403 SELLARO, S 6 11929 ROUCH, M

189-03X 184-01X 182-03X 181-02X 181-02X 180-01X

11066 10621 3390 8904 10414 13620

Sharpshooter RZEPKOWSKI,III,W177-00X WENCHEL, III, J KEPPLER, A FLEES, L BROCKMILLER, G BEST, IV, A

173-00X 172-01X 172-00X 171-02X 171-00X

2881 9777 9158 9895 5109 1022

Marksman DIXON, D SITZMAN, K HERRICK, K CHABALOWSKI, R BLY, J WALTER, D

178-01X 171-01X 170-01X 168-01X 168-00X 168-00X

13938 14034 13351 13489 14114 1862

Striker MIKLOS, T OSTNER, S KARLSON, L WISSINGER,JR.,G WALSH, E SAGER, W

166-01X 160-00X 157-01X 157-00X 156-00X 155-01X

50-Yard Carbine Results 9 Places Paid # Expert 1 11131 2 12502 3 8025 4 9289 5 2873 6 5282 7 6629 8 3590 9 9158

O'BRYANT, K ROGERS, J WALSH, J SNOOK, D CHIARIZIA, L SCANLAN, T ZDON, JR., W SCHNEEMAN, E HERRICK, K

95-02X 92-03X 92-01X 91-02X 90-02X 90-01X 90-00X 89-02X 89-01X

6528 12926 13674 713 1143 12609 8578 1113 701

Sharpshooter SNYDER, J WARNER, L ANDREASON, K BUMFORD, JR., A DAVIES, P WEAVER, E HINES, T NOLZE, W FRITZ, E

91-01X 89-01X 88-00X 87-01X 87-00X 85-01X 85-00X 85-00X 85-00X

12910 6593 11536 12971 4947 3390 5493 7472 8231

Marksman KUSMIERZ, S BALLA, S HENSHALL, J PINEL, A MATUSZEK, J KEPPLER, A WIEGAND, T MCDOWELL, G WARREN, G

92-00X 90-00X 90-00X 89-00X 88-01X 88-00X 87-02X 87-01X 87-00X

5969 12993 8571 13045 14045 11501 6515 13884 8461

Striker ROHRBACH, B MOJICA, J WELTHER, M STAHLNECKER, M BECKAGE, M MACATEE, R LOHMEYER,III, J OPALECKY, W WELLS, JR., J

87-03X 86-00X 86-00X 84-00X 83-01X 82-03X 81-01X 79-00X 79-00X

100-Yard Carbine Results 8 Places Paid # Expert 1 10496 2 8540 3 12085 4 4688

HARRIS, S SCHULER, B ALTLAND, P SMITH, J

96-01X 91-01X 90-01X 90-01X

701 6024 3886 12609

Sharpshooter FRITZ, E SCHMIGEL, K STEDMAN, D WEAVER, E

92-00X 89-00X 88-00X 87-01X

6593 12910 1146 12971

Marksman BALLA, S KUSMIERZ, S FOLK, JR., W PINEL, A

87-00X 85-00X 83-01X 82-00X

13884 13860 13045 9688

Striker OPALECKY, W BITTLE, J STAHLNECKER, M LITVINAS, M

87-00X 83-00X 82-01X 81-01X

Skirmish Line Fall 2023 20

148th National Individual Results 5 6 7 0

3590 13353 11131 6077

SCHNEEMAN, E ROGERS, K O'BRYANT, K DECOURCY, C

90-00X 89-01X 89-00X 89-00X

9996 1143 5166 6546

BODNER, M DAVIES, P PERSON, JR., J DUTY, W

87-00X 86-00X 86-00X 85-01X

13938 12463 8905 3390

MIKLOS, T BOWSER, B MORTON, M KEPPLER, A

81-01X 81-00X 80-00X 80-00X

7063 7492 13578 8461

WOLFE, D LOVELESS, M SOKSO, J WELLS, JR., J

80-00X 78-00X 78-00X 77-00X

Carbine Aggregate Results 5 Places Paid # Expert 1 11131 O'BRYANT, K 2 10496 HARRIS, S 3 12502 ROGERS, J 4 3590 SCHNEEMAN, E 5 9289 SNOOK, D

184-02X 182-01X 180-03X 179-02X 177-02X

701 6528 1143 12609 6546

Sharpshooter FRITZ, E SNYDER, J DAVIES, P WEAVER, E DUTY, W

177-00X 176-01X 173-00X 172-02X 168-02X

6593 12910 12971 3390 1146

Marksman BALLA, S KUSMIERZ, S PINEL, A KEPPLER, A FOLK, JR., W

177-00X 177-00X 171-00X 168-00X 165-03X

13884 13860 14045 7492 7063

Striker OPALECKY, W BITTLE, J BECKAGE, M LOVELESS, M WOLFE, D

166-00X 157-00X 156-01X 152-00X 150-00X

25-Yard Revolver Results 4 Places Paid # Expert 1 10531 2 6350 3 9289 4 11692

SVENSSON, S SNYDER, K SNOOK, D BUMFORD, A

95-04X 95-03X 94-04X 94-03X

8025 11048 11131 10496

Sharpshooter WALSH, J LYTTON, T O'BRYANT, K HARRIS, S

94-02X 92-01X 91-02X 91-01X

9473 10889 9895 3229

Marksman OSTNER, B EPLER, R CHABALOWSKI, R UPTON, T

91-01X 89-00X 88-01X 82-00X

14368 13399 13938 13674

Striker MINICUCCI, R WALLACE, R MIKLOS, T ANDREASON, K

76-00X 75-00X 72-01X 71-01X

50-Yard Revolver Results 3 Places Paid # Expert 1 2881 2 818 3 11692

DIXON, D KEPPLER, II, H BUMFORD, A

83-01X 81-01X 80-00X

2488 5594 6629

Sharpshooter BROCKMILLER, S PATTON, M ZDON, JR., W

79-02X 78-01X 75-02X

9473 13753 10414

Marksman OSTNER, B FAY, G BROCKMILLER, G

71-01X 68-00X 68-00X

8252 12619 11106

Striker DENNIS, M KRUGER, C SHAFFER, S

69-00X 65-00X 47-00X

Revolver Aggregate Results 3 Places Paid # Expert Sharpshooter 1 11692 BUMFORD, A 2 10531 SVENSSON, S 3 13762 BRANDT, C

Marksman 174-03X 173-05X 171-02X

Striker 8025 11048 2488

WALSH, J LYTTON, T BROCKMILLER, S

168-02X 164-01X 163-05X

9473 10414 9863

OSTNER, B BROCKMILLER, G WETZEL, J

162-02X 140-01X 137-00X

12619 11106 7194

KRUGER, C SHAFFER, S SHAFFER, JR., R

119-00X 93-00X 84-00X

BUMFORD, A BROCKMILLER, G SVENSSON, S

177-03X 174-02X 173-01X

12.5-Yard Single-Shot Pistol Results 3 Places Paid # Competitor 1 11692 BUMFORD, A 2 10414 BROCKMILLER, G 3 12085 ALTLAND, P 50-Yard Breech-Loader Results 3 Places Paid # Expert 1 3590 SCHNEEMAN, E 2 6350 SNYDER, K 3 13172 RINDLER, J 100-Yard Breech-Loader Results 2 Places Paid # Expert 1 1143 DAVIES, P 2 3590 SCHNEEMAN, E

21 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

25-Yard Single-Shot Pistol Results 3 Places Paid # Competitor 1 11692 BUMFORD, A 2 10531 SVENSSON, S 3 10414 ROCKMILLER,

97-02X 96-02X 94-03X

80-01X 80-00X 78-00X

Single-Shot Pistol Aggregate Results 3 Places Paid # Competitor 1 11692 2 10414 3 10531

95-02X 94-01X 93-01X

4688 7483 12511

Sharpshooter SMITH, J ROHDE, G CHAPMAN, A

92-01X 89-02X 89-01X

6528 9688 8540

Marksman SNYDER, J LITVINAS, M SCHULER, B

88-00X 86-02X 86-01X

5282 10358 11409

Striker SCANLAN, T SHAW, M ROGERS, M

90-00X 85-00X 83-00X

93-02X 92-03X

12403 10414

Sharpshooter SELLARO, S BROCKMILLER, G

94-01X 91-02X

1640 13938

Marksman KAPPER, JR., F MIKLOS, T

90-01X 86-01X

1113 11949

Striker NOLZE, W JEZIOR, S

86-01X 86-00X

148th National Individual Results Breech-Loader Aggregate Results 2 Places Paid # Expert 1 3590 SCHNEEMAN, E 2 13172 RINDLER, J 50-Yard SS BR/C2 Results 3 Places Paid # Competitor 1 2078 2 12403 3 6629

187-05X 182-03X

4688 7483

Sharpshooter SMITH, J ROHDE, G 100-Yard SS BR/C2 Results 3 Places Paid # 1 2 3

180-02X 176-03X

1640 6528

Competitor 6350 SNYDER, K 11692 BUMFORD, A 9575 PLAKIS, III, J

Marksman KAPPER, JR., F SNYDER, J

5282 10358

SS BR/C2 Aggregate Results 3 Places Paid # Competitor 1 12403 2 1143 3 11929

Striker SCANLAN, T SHAW, M

175-01X 157-00X

SELLARO, S DAVIES, P ROUCH, M

179-01X 178-03X 178-01X

BURGESS, JR., J SELLARO, S ZDON, JR., W

93-03X 92-01X 90-02X

25-Yard Smoothbore Results 4 Places Paid # Expert 1 11692 BUMFORD, A 2 4688 SMITH, J 3 10414 BROCKMILLER, G 4 10496 HARRIS, S

98-02X 95-03X 94-03X 94-02X

11585 7483 12661 10483

Sharpshooter WESTERBECK, R ROHDE, G TAYLOR, N GORSKY, R

91-02X 91-01X 90-01X 90-01X

11221 13621 7847 7373

Marksman JONES, D NEWMAN, JR., J LAWRENCE, H MC LEOD, H

93-02X 91-00X 90-00X 89-01X

12926 3886 4431 11553

Striker WARNER, L STEDMAN, D ANDERSON, J TOBERGTA, K

91-00X 88-00X 87-00X 86-01X

50-Yard Smoothbore Results 4 Places Paid # Expert 1 5282 SCANLAN, T 2 6685 HESS, T 3 4688 SMITH, J 4 6629 ZDON, JR., W

95-02X 95-00X 93-01X 93-01X

8802 9666 10483 10825

Sharpshooter HAMILTON,III, J COX, J GORSKY, R KNIPSCHER, W

90-01X 90-00X 89-01X 89-01X

14061 1977 12391 5594

Marksman SCHRECK, J ADAMS, J BOWERS, D PATTON, M

91-02X 90-01X 90-01X 87-01X

8876 13884 13785 7694

Striker DONOHUE, T OPALECKY, W MCDANIEL, T CARMICHAEL, K

87-00X 86-00X 83-00X 83-00X

Smoothbore Aggregate Results 4 Places Paid # Expert 1 11692 BUMFORD, A 2 4688 SMITH, J 3 5282 SCANLAN, T 4 13753 FAY, G

190-02X 188-04X 185-03X 185-02X

10483 10825 9666 7483

Sharpshooter GORSKY, R KNIPSCHER, W COX, J ROHDE, G

179-02X 178-01X 178-00X 177-01X

13674 7020 13417 818

Marksman ANDREASON, K JOSLIN, T BANE, F KEPPLER, II, H

174-00X 173-02X 170-02X 170-02X

12926 8876 7694 13884

Striker WARNER, L DONOHUE, T CARMICHAEL, K OPALECKY, W

171-01X 167-01X 166-01X 166-00X

Grand Aggregate Results 7 Places Paid # Competitor 1 3590 2 12502 3 10496 4 2881 5 11692 6 11131 7 1143

SCHNEEMAN, E ROGERS, J HARRIS, S DIXON, D BUMFORD, A O'BRYANT, K DAVIES, P

532-07X 525-06X 523-04X 521-03X 517-04X 515-05X 512-02X

Seven-Gun Aggregate Results 1 Place Paid # Competitor 1 11692

BUMFORD, A

1227-11X

Musket-Carbine Aggregate Results 12 Places Paid # Competitor 1 3590 SCHNEEMAN, E 2 10496 HARRIS, S 3 11131 O'BRYANT, K 4 12502 ROGERS, J 5 11929 ROUCH, M 6 12085 ALTLAND, P 7 701 FRITZ, E 8 6593 BALLA, S 9 5282 SCANLAN, T 10 9269 MAGNO, T 11 11692 BUMFORD, A 12 1143 DAVIES, P

368-05X 363-03X 360-03X 355-04X 351-02X 348-04X 348-01X 347-00X 345-02X 343-02X 343-01X 343-00X

50-Yard Aggregate Results 7 Places Paid # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

50-Yard Aggregate Results 7 Places Paid # Competitor 1 3590 SCHNEEMAN, E 2 12502 ROGERS, J 3 2881 DIXON, D 4 11131 O'BRYANT, K 5 818 KEPPLER, II, H 6 11692 BUMFORD, A 7 1143 DAVIES, P

260-05X 256-04X 256-01X 251-03X 250-02X 249-01X 248-00X

Young Skirmisher Results 2 Places Paid # Competitor 1 14034 2 14114

Senior Skirmisher Results 2 Places Paid # Competitor 160-00X 1 4354 156-00X 2 2881

OSTNER, S WALSH, E

Five-Gun Aggregate Results 4 Places Paid # 1 2 3 4

Competitor 3590 SCHNEEMAN, 12502 ROGERS, J 2881 DIXON, D 11131 O'BRYANT, K 818 KEPPLER, II, H 11692 BUMFORD, A 1143 DAVIES, P

Competitor 11692 BUMFORD, A 12502 ROGERS, J 701 FRITZ, E 4466 SCHELL, G

93-03X 91-01X 91-01X

171-01X 171-00X

260-05X 256-04X 256-01X 251-03X 250-02X 249-01X 248-00X

874-07X 873-07X 858-09X 841-08X

HUGHES, M 184-01X DIXON, D 178-01X

Skirmish Line Fall 2023 22

Why a Dues Increase is Vital to our Future

By Chris M. DeFrancisci

The N-SSA is a relatively small organization compared to others. We currently have just under 3,000 members.

Compare that to the National Muzzle Loading Rifle Association (NMLRA) which has around 15,000. We are unique in preserving the history and practice of shooting Civil War period small arms and artillery. Our efforts have preserved and expanded knowledge of the Civil War and we are recognized in many circles as the experts in Civil War ordnance.

But, what does it take to run our organization? We own a large property outside of Winchester, Virginia and support other properties around the country where our Regional members hold skirmishes. We have a large infrastructure that needs to be maintained. We maintain insurance policies that cover ALL our skirmishes. We publish an expensive magazine, The Skirmish Line and mail it to our members. I doubt many people know where their dues go to support the organization.

Polling various other shooting organizations for their membership fees reveals that we are one of the least expensive venues around. Izaak Walton in Winchester charges $165 per individual or $228 for family membership.

Loudoun County Izaak Walton charges $380 (with a $160 initiation fee) for an individual membership. Fairfax Rod and Gun Club in Manassas charges $600 a year for membership (with a $1500 initiation fee). XCal, the indoor shooting range charges $540 per year. And, on and on. Our current $80 membership fee looks like the best bargain around...and our last dues increase was back in 2014.

But, what does it actually cost to run the N-SSA? Do our dues really cover the cost of running the organization?

The answer is an emphatic NO and here are some figures to show what we face.

In 2015 we had dues revenue of $251,100. Our total dues for 2023 only amounted to $209,500. Income from Nationals in 2014 was $54,585; in 2022 it was only $32,902. We currently charge $80 for full membership and $40 for Non-Shooting membership. The addition of a Non-Shooting membership for those who want to support the organization but may not compete (or leave) has risen from 49 members at inception to 270 in 2023 an increase of 18%.

Expenses have risen dramatically. All of us have experienced the increase in the cost of food, gas, utilities and more in our daily lives. So has the N-SSA. Some examples: • property tax up $1,240 since 2014, • electric up $1,000 since 2014, • dumpster costs up 264% ($4747 in 2014 and $12,548 in 2022), • latrine pump out costs have doubled since 2016, • Insurance costs up $6,878 over three years (we can’t function without insurance!)

• The Skirmish Line printing costs alone (no mailing, no inclusion for editor salary) is approximately $6,000 per year, a major expense.

• mailing out the Nationals package and membership cards has risen over 1.5 times what it used to, • target material costs have risen dramatically and some targets, like pots, we can no longer afford.

The bottom line is that in order to keep your Association running at an acceptable level of service, meet our obligations, have a reserve for emergencies and unexpected expenses, we need a dues increase. A dues increase at our 2023 membership levels will result in a budget increase of $52,380 to offset current shortages and provide a small buffer. To put this in perspective, a $20 dues increase for full membership is just over 5 cents a day. For the Non-Shooting members it comes to a little less than 3 cents a day. Skirmishing is a vitally important part of many of our lives, a modest dues increase to ensure our sport continues and thrives is a small investment.

We all know costs have risen, operating funds need to increase for the Association to survive.

23 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

A Soldier’s Fare By: Lucas Bernard

As the old saying goes, an army marches on its stomach. The men in blue and grey fighting in the war between the states were no different.

It’s a hell of a lot easier to stomach standing in line against minie balls and canister shot when you’ve got a belly full of decent chow. While us moderns turn our nose up at MRE’s, our 19th century forebears would have been chomping at the bit to subsist on such luxurious vittles, they do after all sometimes have Skittles. Soldiering is soldiering, and just like today, Civil War soldiers needed field rations that were portable, sustainable, and at least somewhat palatable.

Transport yourself back an unelectrified era with no refrigeration or freezers. Salt and drying still remained the king of preserving food, with canning being a recent novelty. A dangerous novelty at that, considering the seams of the tin cans were lead (for flavor).

Nonetheless, the basic field ration of the 19th century American soldier looked a lot like what his father or grandfather might have eaten while in uniform. Early in the conflict, the hard tack crackers issued to him may very well have been from the Mexican-American War, albeit with a little extra crawling protein. Hard tack, a thick and tough cracker, had long been a staple starch of military life. It was cheap, kept reasonably well, and was easy to transport. As with many things in military life, all the attributes that made it attractive for army use rendered it downright ghastly for the men actually expected to eat it. It was often mildewed and infested with bugs. It was damn near impossible to eat without chipping a tooth, so soldiers often elected to boil it in their coffee as they prepared it. As well as softening the rock like bread, it had the added benefit of killing and removing most of the bugs, which could be skimmed off with a spoon.

Speaking of coffee, it was a crucial factor of a Civil War soldier’s morale and well-being. The warm steamy brew gave soldiers much needed vigor to face enemy fire, as well as little pep for a grueling march. Soldiers took every opportunity to brew a cup, no matter how inconvenient the circumstances. Jacob Roemer, a New York artilleryman, took time to write an account of how serious his men were about their coffee: “As the Battery boys had not had much time the whole day long for anything but fighting and watching, their stomachs had not been cared for. I asked some of the staff officers if the men could not make coffee. They said, ‘You can do so at your own risk.’ A sheltered place, where, it was thought, the light could not be seen, was soon found and a fire started. The coffee was just boiling, when the order came to march at once. The temptation was too great; the men all came running up, cup in hand, dipped the cup into kettle, then ran to their several places each with a cup full of boiling hot coffee. While they were mounting their horses, I heard on all sides, various exclamations; such as, ‘But this coffee is hot!’ ‘How I burned my mouth!’ ‘Whoa, pet, I did not mean to burn you!’ I was powerless; I could not order them to throw the coffee away, for I knew what a precious boon it was to those tired and worn men.”

While the Union remained steadily supplied with java, the Confederacy was often forced to improvise due to Union blockades. Various forms of ersatz coffee arose, ranging from “Essence of Coffee,” a crude early attempt at an instant brew, to roasting and steeping everything from acorns to sweet potato peels. If Johnny Reb was lucky, he might get picket duty close to a Union soldier, allowing him to trade Virginia tobacco for some jitter beans.

Burning your tastebuds on boiling hot coffee was a blessing when taking into account the proteins soldiers were expected to choke down. Union soldiers were lucky enough to enjoy somewhat steady supplies of beef, usually prepared for field use in the form of “blue” beef. This preservative process involved various ratios of vinegar and water, and the beef was boiled into second death. Salt pork, a fattier and inferior cut of pork belly, remained a mainstay in on both sides.

Before a march, soldiers were often ordered to cook three days rations, which included frying up their salt pork. Despite being cured, this did not stop the swine from turning a sickly greenish hue after a while. It is easy to see why soldiers preferred to scrounge the countryside for chickens and wild game to cook fresh while on campaign.

With carbohydrates and protein settled, what of vegetables?

Vegetables are critical to the nutrition of any army, for a deficiency of the minerals and vitamins they provide can cause issues for maintaining an adequate fighting force. Of course, fresh produce was available from nearby farms within season. Sometimes these farmers were compensated with money. In enemy territory, food was “foraged,” a pleasant 19th century euphemism for stealing. When fresh produce was unavailable, a fairly new form of preserved vegetables served as a fairly adequate substitution. These “desiccated” vegetables were heated, dried, and compressed into dense cakes. This made them perfect for military use, long lasting and easy to transport. Of course, soldiers complained. Dubbing them “desecrated” vegetables, they weren’t very popular. E.N. Gilpin of the 3rd Iowa Cavalry had this to say about the men’s troubles to make them edible: “We have boiled, baked, fried, stewed, pickled, sweetened, salted it, and tried it in puddings, cakes and pies; but it sets all modes of cooking at defiance, so they boys break it up and smoke it in their pipes!”

Despite all of their gastronomic burdens, the fighting men of the Civil War managed to choke their rations down with big swigs of hot coffee and forge the nation we now call home. Reenactors continue to get a small taste of what it was to dine as a 19th century soldier, albeit with much more consideration towards food safety. Next time you go camping or hunting, before you complain about your MRE or your freeze-dried meal, be happy you aren’t breaking your teeth on hard tack or turning your stomach with slightly rotten pork.

Want to read more by Lucas? Check out his other work at www.FieldEthos.com.

Skirmish Line Fall 2023 24

Society of Color Bearers & Advance Guard Proud Donors to the N-SSA LJ tĂLJŶĞ :ŽƌĚĂŶ͕ ŚĂƌŝƚĂďůĞ 'ŝǀŝŶŐ ŽŵŵŝƚƚĞĞ

Ɛ ǁĞ ǁƌĂƉ ƵƉ ĂŶŽƚŚĞƌ ĨƵůĨŝůůŝŶŐ LJĞĂƌ ŽĨ ƐŬŝƌŵŝƐŚŝŶŐ͕ / ŚŽƉĞ LJŽƵ’ůů Ăůů ƚĂŬĞ Ă ůŽŽŬ Ăƚ LJŽƵƌ ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂů ĨŝŶĂŶĐĞƐ ĂŶĚ͕ ŝĨ ƉƌĂĐƚŝĐĂů͕ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌ Ă LJĞĂƌ ĞŶĚ ĚŽŶĂƚŝŽŶ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ EͲ^^ ͘ Ɛ LJŽƵ ƉƌŽďĂďůLJ ŬŶŽǁ͕ Ă ďĂĚůLJ ŶĞĞĚĞĚ ĚƵĞƐ ŝŶĐƌĞĂƐĞ͕ ƚŚĞ ĨŝƌƐƚ ŝŶ ƚĞŶ LJĞĂƌƐ͕ ǁĂƐ ǀŽƚĞĚ ĚŽǁŶ Ăƚ ƚŚĞ KĐƚŽďĞƌ DĞŵďĞƌƐŚŝƉ DĞĞƚŝŶŐ͘ dŚŝƐ ůĞĂǀĞƐ Ă ůĂƌŐĞ ĂŶĚ ƵŶĞdžƉĞĐƚĞĚ ŚŽůĞ ŝŶ ŽƵƌ EĂƚŝŽŶĂů ďƵĚŐĞƚ ŝŶ ĞdžĐĞƐƐ ŽĨ ΨϱϬ͕ϬϬϬ͘ dŽ ŵŽƐƚ ŽĨ ƵƐ ƚŚĞ EͲ^^ ŝƐ Ă ƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂŶƚ ĂĐƚŝǀŝƚLJ ŝŶ ŽƵƌ ůŝǀĞƐ ĂŶĚ ǁĞ ĐĞƌƚĂŝŶůLJ ŚĂǀĞ Ă ůŽƚ ŽĨ ůŽŶŐƚŝŵĞ ĚĞĚŝĐĂƚĞĚ ŵĞŵďĞƌƐ͘ /’ŵ ŚŽƉŝŶŐ ǁĞ ĐĂŶ ŵĂŬĞ ƵƉ ƚŚĞ ƐŚŽƌƚĨĂůů ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ ĚŽŶĂƚŝŽŶƐ͘ Ɛ ŽĨ ůĂƚĞ EŽǀĞŵďĞƌ ŵĂŶLJ ŽĨ ŽƵƌ ŵĞŵďĞƌƐ ŚĂǀĞ ƐƚĞƉƉĞĚ ƵƉ ǁŝƚŚ ĚŽŶĂƚŝŽŶƐ͕ ďƵƚ ǁĞ Ɛƚŝůů ŶĞĞĚ ŵĂŶLJ ŵŽƌĞ͘

t/>> zKh KE^/ Z KE d/E' dK d, EͲ^^ d,/^ z Z͍ ŶŽŶƉƌŽĨŝƚ ůŝŬĞ ƚŚĞ EͲSSA lives or dies by it’s members’ support. Ɛ ĂůǁĂLJƐ͕ ĂŶLJ ĂŵŽƵŶƚ ŝƐ ŚĞůƉĨƵů͘ dŚĞ ĚƵĞƐ ŝŶĐƌĞĂƐĞ ǁŽƵůĚ ŚĂǀĞ ďĞĞŶ ΨϮϬͬƐŬŝƌŵŝƐŚĞƌ ;ŽǀĞƌ Ψϱϰ͕ϬϬϬͿ͘ WůĞĂƐĞ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌ ƐĞŶĚŝŶŐ ƚŚĂƚ ŵƵĐŚ ;Žƌ ŵŽƌĞͿ ŝŶ ĂƐ Ă ĚŽŶĂƚŝŽŶ͘ Ɛ LJŽƵ ĐĂŶ ŝŵĂŐŝŶĞ͕ ĐŽƐƚƐ ŚĂǀĞ ďĞĞŶ ƌŝƐŝŶŐ ŽǀĞƌ ƚŚĞ ůĂƐƚ ƚĞŶ LJĞĂƌƐ ;ϯϭ͘ϱй ŝŶĨůĂƚŝŽŶ ĂĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŐŽǀĞƌŶŵĞŶƚ ĚĂƚĂͿ ĂŶĚ ƌĞĂůůLJ ĂĐĐĞůĞƌĂƚĞĚ ŝŶ ϮϬϮϭ ĂŶĚ ϮϮ͘ ,ŽƉĞĨƵůůLJ͕ LJŽƵ’ǀĞ ƌĞĐĞŝǀĞĚ ƚŚĞ ŶĞǁƐůĞƚƚĞƌ / ƐĞŶƚ Ăůů ŵĞŵďĞƌƐ ůĂƐƚ ŵŽŶƚŚ ǁŚŝĐŚ ŐŝǀĞƐ ŵŽƌĞ ĚĞƚĂŝůƐ ĂďŽƵƚ ƚŚĞ ďƵĚŐĞƚĂƌLJ ŝƐƐƵĞƐ ĨĂĐŝŶŐ ŽƵƌ ŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂƚŝŽŶ ;ĂŶĚ ĂůƐŽ ŚĂĚ Ă ƌĞƚƵƌŶ ĞŶǀĞůŽƉĞ ŝŶ ŝƚ ĨŽƌ ĚŽŶĂƚŝŽŶƐͿ͘ &ŝŶĂŶĐŝĂů ƐƚĂďŝůŝƚLJ ŝƐ ŝŵƉĞƌĂƚŝǀĞ ĨŽƌ ŽƵƌ ůŽŶŐ ƚĞƌŵ ĨƵƚƵƌĞ͘

^d t z^ dK KE d ^ŽŵĞ ǁĂLJƐ ŽĨ ĚŽŶĂƚŝŶŐ ƚŽ ŶŽŶƉƌŽĨŝƚƐ ĐĂŶ ďĞ ǀĞƌLJ ƚĂdž ĂĚǀĂŶƚĂŐĞŽƵƐ͘ ,ĞƌĞ ĂƌĞ Ă ĐŽƵƉůĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞŵ ƚŚĂƚ ĂƌĞ ĞĂƐLJ ƚŽ ƵƐĞ ĂŶĚ ĐĂŶ ƐĂǀĞ LJŽƵ ůĂƌŐĞ ĂŵŽƵŶƚƐ ŽĨ ƚĂdžĞƐ͗ /Z KhEd^ – Ž LJŽƵ ŶĞĞĚ ƚŽ ƚĂŬĞ Ă ZĞƋƵŝƌĞĚ DŝŶŝŵƵŵ ŝƐƚƌŝďƵƚŝŽŶ ;ZD Ϳ ĨŽƌ ϮϬϮϯ͍ ZĞŵĞŵďĞƌ͕ ŝĨ LJŽƵ’ǀĞ Śŝƚ ĂŐĞ ϳϬ Ъ LJŽƵ ĐĂŶ ŚĂǀĞ ƵƉ ƚŽ ΨϭϬϬ͕ϬϬϬ ƐĞŶƚ ĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJ ĨƌŽŵ LJŽƵƌ /Z ĂĐĐŽƵŶƚ ƚŽ Ă ŶŽŶƉƌŽĨŝƚ ůŝŬĞ ƚŚĞ EͲ^^ ĂƐ Ă YƵĂůŝĨŝĞĚ ŚĂƌŝƚĂďůĞ ŝƐƚƌŝďƵƚŝŽŶ ;Y Ϳ ĂŶĚ ĂǀŽŝĚ Ăůů ŝŶĐŽŵĞ ƚĂdžĞƐ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƚŝŽŶ͕ ĂŶĚ ƉŽƐƐŝďůLJ ŬĞĞƉ LJŽƵƌ DĞĚŝĐĂƌĞ ƉƌĞŵŝƵŵƐ ĨƌŽŵ ŐŽŝŶŐ ƵƉ͕ ƚŽŽ͘ WWZ / d ^dK <^͕ KE ^͕ Dhdh > &hE ^ ĂŶĚ ^ hZ/d/ ^ – ǀŽŝĚ ƉĂLJŝŶŐ ďŝŐ ĐĂƉŝƚĂů ŐĂŝŶƐ ƚĂdžĞƐ ĂŶĚ ŐĞƚ Ă ĨƵůů ĚĞĚƵĐƚŝŽŶ ďLJ ƐĞŶĚŝŶŐ ƚŚĞƐĞ ĚŝƌĞĐƚůLJ ĨƌŽŵ LJŽƵƌ ĂĐĐŽƵŶƚ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŶŽŶƉƌŽĨŝƚ͘

25 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

>KE' d ZD W> EE/E' ĂŶĚ zKhZ > ' z ,ĂŶĚůŝŶŐ ŽƵƌ ĨŝŶĂŶĐĞƐ ĂƐ ǁĞ ĂŐĞ͕ ĂŶĚ ĞƐƚĂƚĞ ƉůĂŶŶŝŶŐ ŝƐƐƵĞƐ͕ ŚĂǀĞ ďĞĐŽŵĞ ŝŶĐƌĞĂƐŝŶŐůLJ ĐŽŵƉůĞdž ŝŶ ŵĞƌŝĐĂ͘ 'ŽŽĚ ƉůĂŶŶŝŶŐ ŝƐ ĞƐƐĞŶƚŝĂů ŝŶ ŽƌĚĞƌ ƚŽ ĂǀŽŝĚ ĨŝŶĂŶĐŝĂů ĐĂƚĂƐƚƌŽƉŚĞƐ ĨŽƌ ŽƵƌƐĞůǀĞƐ ĂŶĚ ŽƵƌ ŚĞŝƌƐ͘ KďǀŝŽƵƐůLJ͕ Ă ǁŝůů ŝƐ ĞƐƐĞŶƚŝĂů͕ ďƵƚ ƚŚĞƌĞ ĂƌĞ ŵĂŶLJ ŽƚŚĞƌ ĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚƐ ƚŚĂƚ ĂƌĞ ŶĞĞĚĞĚ ƚŚĞƐĞ ĚĂLJƐ ŝŶ ŽƌĚĞƌ ƚŽ ĞŶƐƵƌĞ ƚŚĂƚ LJŽƵƌ ĂƐƐĞƚƐ ĂƌĞ ŚĂŶĚůĞĚ ĂƐ LJŽƵ ŝŶƚĞŶĚ͘ tĞ ĂďLJ ŽŽŵĞƌƐ ĂƌĞ ƚŚĞ ŵŽƐƚ ĂĨĨůƵĞŶƚ ŐĞŶĞƌĂƚŝŽŶ ƚŚĂƚ ŵĞƌŝĐĂ ŚĂƐ ĞǀĞƌ ƐĞĞŶ͕ ĂŶĚ ǁĞ ĂƌĞ ůĞĂǀŝŶŐ ŵŽƌĞ ďĞŚŝŶĚ ƚŚĂŶ ĂŶLJ ŐĞŶĞƌĂƚŝŽŶ ďĞĨŽƌĞ ƵƐ͘ DĂŶLJ ŽĨ ƵƐ ǁĂŶƚ ƚŽ ůĞĂǀĞ Ă ůĞŐĂĐLJ ŶŽƚ ŽŶůLJ ĨŽƌ ŽƵƌ ĚŝƌĞĐƚ ŚĞŝƌƐ͕ ďƵƚ ĂůƐŽ ĨŽƌ ĨĂǀŽƌŝƚĞ ĐŚĂƌŝƚŝĞƐ ĂŶĚ ŶŽŶƉƌŽĨŝƚ ŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂƚŝŽŶƐ ƚŚĂƚ ĂƌĞ ŵĞĂŶŝŶŐĨƵů ƚŽ ƵƐ͘ ,ŽƉĞĨƵůůLJ͕ ŵĂŶLJ ŽĨ ŽƵƌ ŵĞŵďĞƌƐ ǁŝůů ƐĞĞ ƚŚĞ EͲ^^ ĂƐ ŽŶĞ ŽĨ ƚŚŽƐĞ ŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂƚŝŽŶƐ͘ tŚĞŶ ƌĞǀŝĞǁŝŶŐ LJŽƵƌ ǁŝůůƐ͕ ƚƌƵƐƚƐ͕ ŝŶǀĞƐƚŵĞŶƚƐ͕ ƌĞƚŝƌĞŵĞŶƚ ĂĐĐŽƵŶƚƐ͕ ŝŶƐƵƌĂŶĐĞ ƉŽůŝĐŝĞƐ͕ ĞƚĐ͕͘ ĚĞĐŝĚĞ ŝĨ ƚŚĞƌĞ ĂƌĞ ĂŶLJ ƐŵĂůů ƐůŝĐĞƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞŵ ƚŚĂƚ LJŽƵ’Ě ůŝŬĞ ƚŽ ĚĞƐŝŐŶĂƚĞ ĨŽƌ ƚŚĞ EͲ^^ ͕ ĞŝƚŚĞƌ ĨŽƌ ŽƵƌ ŐĞŶĞƌĂů ĨƵŶĚ͕ ƚŚĞ ĚǀĂŶĐĞ 'ƵĂƌĚ ŶĚŽǁŵĞŶƚ &ƵŶĚ͕ Žƌ ŽƚŚĞƌ ƐƉĞĐŝĨŝĐ ƉƵƌƉŽƐĞ͘ ^ŽŵĞƚŝŵĞƐ ŝƚ ŝƐ ĂƐ ĞĂƐLJ ĂƐ ůŝƐƚŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ EͲ^^ ĂƐ Ă ĨƵůů͕ ƉĂƌƚŝĂů͕ Žƌ ĐŽŶƚŝŶŐĞŶƚ ďĞŶĞĨŝĐŝĂƌLJ͕ ĂƐ ƐŽŵĞ ĂƐƐĞƚƐ ůŝŬĞ /Z ĂĐĐŽƵŶƚƐ ĂŶĚ ůŝĨĞ ŝŶƐƵƌĂŶĐĞ ǁŝůů ƉĂƐƐ ŽƵƚƐŝĚĞ ŽĨ LJŽƵƌ ǁŝůů͘ KƚŚĞƌ ƚŝŵĞƐ Ă ǁŝůů Žƌ ƚƌƵƐƚ ǁŝůů ŶĞĞĚ ƚŽ ĐĂƌƌLJ ƚŚĞ ƉƌŽƉĞƌ ŝŶƐƚƌƵĐƚŝŽŶƐ ĨŽƌ ĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƚŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ĂƐƐĞƚƐ͘ Ɛ ĨŽƌ ŵĞ͕ /’ǀĞ ůŝƐƚĞĚ ƚŚĞ EͲ^^ ĂƐ Ă ƉĂƌƚŝĂů ďĞŶĞĨŝĐŝĂƌLJ ŽĨ ŵLJ /Z ͘ &ĞĞů ĨƌĞĞ ƚŽ ĚŝƐĐƵƐƐ ĂŶLJ ƋƵĞƐƚŝŽŶƐ ĂďŽƵƚ ƐƵĐŚ ƉůĂŶŶŝŶŐ ǁŝƚŚ ŵĞ͘

KE d /'/d >>z z h^/E' KhZ E t YZ K

tĞ ŶŽǁ ŚĂǀĞ ĂŶŽƚŚĞƌ ǁĂLJ ƚŽ ŵĂŬĞ ĚŽŶĂƚŝŽŶƐ͘ dŚĞ YZ ĐŽĚĞ ĐĂŶ ďĞ ƐĐĂŶŶĞĚ ǁŝƚŚ LJŽƵƌ ĐĞůůƉŚŽŶĞ ĂŶĚ ŝƚ ǁŝůů ƚĂŬĞ LJŽƵ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ŽĨĨŝĐŝĂů EͲ^^ ǁĞďƐŝƚĞ ŽŶĂƚŝŽŶƐ ƉĂŐĞ ǁŚĞƌĞ LJŽƵ ĐĂŶ ƋƵŝĐŬůLJ ĂŶĚ ĞĂƐŝůLJ ŵĂŬĞ Ă ĚŽŶĂƚŝŽŶ ďLJ ĐƌĞĚŝƚ ĐĂƌĚ Žƌ WĂLJƉĂů͘ ĨƚĞƌ ŝƚ ƚĂŬĞƐ LJŽƵ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƉĂŐĞ͕ ũƵƐƚ ƐĐƌŽůů ĚŽǁŶ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ďŽƚƚŽŵ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉĂŐĞ ĂŶĚ ĐůŝĐŬ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ĚŽŶĂƚĞ ďƵƚƚŽŶ͘ Kƌ ƐĞŶĚ ŝŶ Ă ĐŚĞĐŬ ƵƐŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ĨŽƌŵ ďĞůŽǁ͘ DĂLJďĞ LJŽƵ Ɛƚŝůů ŚĂǀĞ Ă ƌĞƚƵƌŶ ĞŶǀĞůŽƉĞ ĨƌŽŵ Ă ƌĞĐĞŶƚ ŵĂŝůŝŶŐ͘ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ ͺ tŽƵůĚ LJŽƵ ůŝŬĞ ƚŽ ƐĞŶĚ ŝŶ Ă ĚŽŶĂƚŝŽŶ ŶŽǁ͍ :ƵƐƚ ƉƌŝŶƚ ĂŶĚ ƐĞŶĚ ƚŚŝƐ ĨŽƌŵ ǁŝƚŚ LJŽƵƌ ĚŽŶĂƚŝŽŶ ƚŽ͗ EͲ ^^ ͕ ĐͬŽ tĂLJŶĞ :ŽƌĚĂŶ͕ ŚĂƌŝƚĂďůĞ ŽŶĂƚŝŽŶƐ ŽŵŵŝƚƚĞĞ͕ ϴϲϬϲ ĂŐůĞ 'ůĞŶ dĞƌƌĂĐĞ͕ &ĂŝƌĨĂdž ^ƚĂƚŝŽŶ͕ sĂ ϮϮϬϯϵ

EĂŵĞ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŵŽƵŶƚ ŽĨ ĚŽŶĂƚŝŽŶͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ĚĚƌĞƐƐ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŝƚLJ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ^ƚĂƚĞ ͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŝƉͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ŵĂŝů ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ WŚŽŶĞ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ƌĞĚŝƚ ĐĂƌĚ ηͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ džƉ ĚĂƚĞͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ssͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ 'ĞŶĞƌĂů &ƵŶĚ Žƌ ^ƉĞĐŝĨŝĐ WƵƌƉŽƐĞ͍ ͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺͺ ůů ŚĞĐŬƐ ƐŚŽƵůĚ ďĞ ŵĂĚĞ ŽƵƚ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ EͲ^^ ͘ ůů ĚŽŶŽƌƐ ǁŝůů ƌĞĐĞŝǀĞ Ă ůĞƚƚĞƌ ŽĨ ƌĞĐĞŝƉƚ ďLJ ŵĂŝů͘ dŚĞ EͲ^^ ŝƐ Ă ϱϬϭ Đ ϯ ŽƌŐĂŶŝnjĂƚŝŽŶ ĂŶĚ ĚŽŶĂƚŝŽŶƐ ĂƌĞ ĞůŝŐŝďůĞ ĨŽƌ ƚĂdž ĚĞĚƵĐƚŝŽŶƐ͘

Skirmish Line Fall 2023 26

Hunting with a Musket By: Brian Lakatos

Before taking the shot at a deer within your sights, I believe it's essential to master three fundamental concepts: confidence in your musket's proper functioning, knowing its precise impact point, and having the ability to move effectively with it.

Firstly, let me clarify that I'm not an expert in musket shooting or hunter, but I'd like to share a couple of crucial steps I took in preparing for musket deer hunting. When removing your musket from its case, there should be no doubts about its reliability. It's common to hear complaints about muskets not going off with a particular cap, functioning fine last weekend but not today, or experiencing unexplained issues. Investigate and address these concerns, focusing on factors like the nipple's shape, mainspring strength, and the cleanliness of the nipple, flash channel, or breech.

Using a musket for deer hunting presents challenges, especially considering you won't be near your shooting box. Ensure you have a practical way to carry loaded rounds and caps for easy accessibility during your hunt. If you feel the need to carry more items than necessary, you might not be fully prepared for musket deer hunting.

Before heading out, practice using your musket at the range as you would in the field. Discovering a cracked ramrod while preparing for a hunting trip taught me the importance of field-testing equipment. Ensure that every component, like the ramrod, is in optimal condition to prevent mishaps during a hasty reload.

Once you're confident in your musket's functionality, focus on mastering the second area: knowing where your round will land. Develop the ability to predict the impact point on the target before checking through a spotting scope. This skill minimizes doubt when assessing whether you've hit the deer. Understand how your chosen combination of powder and minie ball performs at various distances, differentiating between target shooting and hunting loads.

Regarding load development, consider using a heavier load with more powder and a substantial minie ball for hunting whitetail deer. The point of impact may vary, but consistent practice with this load provides an understanding of its behavior at different distances.

Lastly, ensure comfort in holding and moving with your musket. Consider the challenges of navigating through the forest, addressing issues like a constantly loosening hammer screw, slipping barrel band, or protruding ramrod that could catch on tree limbs. Pay attention to sling swivels, as using a sling is beneficial when walking a distance or dragging a deer out of the woods.

This overview is not an exhaustive tutorial on deer hunting with a musket but highlights essential details I found crucial in preparing for such hunts. I hope these insights spark further thought and preparation for your musket deer hunting endeavors.

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**ANNOUNCEMENT** Work Skirmish Saturday, June 15, 2024 Fort Shenandoah, Virginia The 2024 National Work Skirmish will be held on June 15. We have plenty of work so come on out! This year’s Work Skirmish will be devoted to sprucing up Fort Shenandoah in anticipation of the 150th National Skirmish.

We plan to paint the Barn and Sutler’s Row. In order to do this in one day we need 12 painters for each. Come prepared to paint!

We will be using rollers and brushes. Spray equipment will not work for these projects.

All teams with members who would like to volunteer please respond to Jeff Hall at jchall23.jh@gmail.com, and/or Tim Scanlan at nssapropertymgr@aol.com so we can properly plan the work, obtain the required material, and provide lunch.

Thanks for your help.

Jeff Hall Property Management Staff Officer

Venison Stew Ingredients • 2 Lbs Venison Stew Meat • 2 Tbsp Olive Oil • 1 1/2 tsp Salt • 1/2 tsp Black Pepper • 1 Onion (diced) • 5 Garlic Cloves (minced)

• • • • • • • • • •

1/4 Cup All Purpose Flour 2 Tbsp Red Wine Vinegar 1 Tbsp Tomato Paste 2 Cup Red Wine 1 Tbsp Worcestershire Sauce 2 Cups Venison or Beef Broth 1/2 tsp Dried Thyme 1 Pound Potatoes (diced into 1" pieces) 1 Pound Carrots (diced) 2 Bay Leaves

Instructions 1.Heat olive oil in a heavy dutch oven pot over medium-high heat.

Toss in venison meat, sprinkle with salt and pepper, and brown on each side. Remove the meat to a plate and set it to the side.

2.Add the onions, garlic, and red wine vinegar and sauté over medium-high heat for about 5 minutes.

3.Combine tomato paste with the onions, garlic, and red wine vinegar.

6.Add in the potatoes, carrots, Worcestershire sauce, thyme, and bay leaves.

7.Stir everything to combine, bring to a boil, reduce heat to low, and simmer for two to three hours until vegetables and meat are fork tender.

8.Remove bay leaves, and serve hot.

4.Add the venison meat back into the pot, add flour, and cook until the flour is dissolved.

5.Deglaze the pan by adding the red wine and beef broth and scraping the browned bits from the bottom of the pan with a wooden spoon.

Skirmish Line Fall 2023 28

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Holiday Spirits Originally published in the S.L 1995 ENJOY! ‘Twas the night before Christmas, and all through Ft. Shenandoah, Not a creature was stirring --- not even Bill Groa-ah.

The Ruritan building was closed; the range flag was down, Back Creek was frozen, and most skirmishers in some other town.

When out on the firing line, there arose such a rattle, It sounded like an army preparing for battle.

We leaped from our beds to see what was going on.

In that bright, starlit night several hours before dawn.

There, in full array, with neither rent nor rust, Stood a long skirmish line of those who have gone before us.

Some were uniformed in blue, others in gray, But all gleamed in the moonlight as though in mid-day.

They were faces we knew, their bodies robust; They were once again youngsters and not mortal dust.

Happy Taylor, Jack Rawls and Joe Sansone too, Morris Brooks, Al Bilby --- with hundreds more in the crew.

They set right to work, and each snapped some caps, Preparing to shoot, as before the Last Taps.

What a wonderful sight it once again was!

You could see ramrods flashing and hear the minies buzz!

Great rivals they were, from Vermont down to Texas, And the shots they fired were mostly 10-Xs. If you looked, you could see there were others there, too….

Grant and Sheridan with Jackson and the staunch Pettigrew.

As safeties and line judges, they exhorted their men, “Get that last pigeon before the team on frame ten!”

Then, just before dawn, they finished their matches; They cleaned up the target line and picked up their patches.

And off they marched, every skirmisher in stride, All but one well-known fellow who did step aside.

He motioned us over with a wave of his hand, And thanked us all for preserving this land.

“We built Ft. Shenandoah and left it in your care, For all to enjoy and on these nights to share.”

So off they went into the dawn’s gray light, It was a wonderous thing --- what we saw that night.

Then, as the veterans hove out of view, We heard them cry, “Merry Christmas to the N-SSA And to all of you!”

Gary Crawford Past Commander History Center Chairman

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The Invisible Wounds of War: Understanding PTSD in the Civil War

By Eddie Davenport

The American Civil War, left an indelible mark on the nation’s history, shaping its future in ways that still resonate today. Beyond the physical toll and the staggering number of lives lost, the war also inflicted psychological wounds on those who endured its brutalities. Although the term “post-traumatic stress disorder” (PTSD) was not coined until the 20th century, the mental health effects of war were evident even during the Civil War. This article delves into the historical context of PTSD during the Civil War, examining the experiences of soldiers, the challenges they faced, and the nascent understanding of mental health in the 19th century.

Soldiers during the Civil War faced unprecedented levels of physical and psychological trauma. The brutal nature of 19th-century warfare, marked by close combat, primitive medical practices, and the omnipresence of death, created an environment ripe for psychological distress. The horrors of battle, witnessing comrades fall, and experiencing the constant threat of injury or death all contributed to the mental toll that would later be recognized as PTSD. In the Civil War era, mental health issues resulting from combat stress were often referred to as “soldier’s heart” or “nostalgia.” The term “shell shock” would not be coined until World War I, but the symptoms described by soldiers during the Civil War closely resemble what we now recognize as PTSD. Soldiers’ heart, as it was then called, encompassed a range of symptoms, including anxiety, depression, and an inability to cope with the stresses of war.

In the tumultuous landscape of the American Civil War, mental health remained a poorly understood and stigmatized facet of the human experience. The prevailing attitudes towards psychological distress during the mid-19th century were deeply rooted in societal norms, traditional gender roles, and a lack of comprehensive understanding of mental health issues. Soldiers grappling with the unseen wounds of war faced not only the horrors of battle but also the weight of societal judgment and misunderstanding.

The 19th century was characterized by rigid adherence to traditional masculine ideals that emphasized strength, stoicism, and an unwavering resolve in the face of adversity. These deeply ingrained expectations became a formidable barrier for soldiers experiencing mental health challenges. The prevailing sentiment viewed vulnerability or emotional expression as signs of weakness, creating an environment in which soldiers hesitated to acknowledge their struggles for fear of being deemed inadequate or effeminate.

Soldiers who exhibited symptoms of what we now understand as PTSD were often unfairly labeled as weak or cowardly. The prevailing sentiment dictated that those who succumbed to mental distress were somehow less capable or deserving of the title “soldier.” The reluctance to acknowledge the psychological toll of war stemmed from a lack of awareness and the pervasive belief that mental fortitude was an unassailable attribute of a true warrior.In a society heavily influenced by religious and moral principles, mental health issues were sometimes misconstrued as manifestations of moral failings.

Soldiers grappling with anxiety, depression, or the haunting memories 31 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

of battle found themselves caught in a web of moral judgment, as if their mental anguish was a reflection of some inherent character flaw. This misinterpretation further contributed to the stigmatization of mental health struggles during the Civil War. The 19th century lacked the medical and psychological knowledge that we now possess.

Mental health conditions were often misunderstood or attributed to physical injuries, exhaustion, or, at times, divine punishment. This lack of understanding exacerbated the stigma, as soldiers were perceived as either malingerers seeking to avoid duty or as individuals grappling with moral shortcomings rather than legitimate mental health challenges. Soldiers exhibiting signs of mental distress were often subjected to disciplinary measures rather than receiving compassionate care. The prevailing approach was to view mental health issues as a form of disobedience, punishable by confinement or other punitive measures. This punitive response reinforced the notion that mental health struggles were a result of personal weakness rather than a complex interplay of psychological and physiological factors. Given the societal attitudes of the time, soldiers suffering from mental health issues often endured their struggles in silence. Fearful of the repercussions, many chose to conceal their emotional turmoil, leading to a pervasive culture of silent suffering. The consequences of this silence were profound, as soldiers faced internal battles without the support and understanding necessary for healing. To cope with the mental stresses of war, soldiers often turned to camaraderie, humor, and rituals. Creating a sense of brotherhood among fellow soldiers was a crucial coping mechanism. The bond formed in the face of adversity provided a semblance of support and understanding.

Additionally, humor, often dark and gallows in nature, served as a coping mechanism to make sense of the senseless violence and death that surrounded them. The traumas experienced during the Civil War had lasting effects on the mental health of veterans. While some soldiers were able to reintegrate into society relatively smoothly, others struggled with debilitating symptoms for the rest of their lives.

The societal understanding of mental health issues in the post-war period was rudimentary, and many veterans suffered in silence. The understanding of PTSD and its effects on veterans evolved over time.

Today, we recognize the profound impact of war on mental health, and PTSD is acknowledged as a legitimate consequence of exposure to trauma. The experiences of Civil War soldiers laid the groundwork for our understanding of the psychological toll of war, shaping how we care for veterans and approach mental health in the context of military service.The Civil War, a pivotal moment in American history, not only shaped the nation but also left an enduring legacy on the mental health of those who fought in it. The psychological wounds of war, experienced by soldiers during the Civil War, laid the foundation for our contemporary understanding of PTSD. As we continue to honor and remember the sacrifices of those who served, it is crucial to recognize and address the invisible wounds that linger long after the cannons fall silent.

A Memorable Trip to the NMLRA State Tournament

By Mike Davenport

If you have a passion for black powder shooting, civil war period arms, or target shooting, you'll appreciate the unique experience of hosting a National N-SSA biannual event. Being part of the host team for such an event is a sacred duty, as without hosts and members, there are no shoots. While hosting can be rewarding, the longing to participate in the thrill of competition is undeniable.

After a five-day stint hosting the fall national event and being the skirmish director, the need to get out and shoot became paramount. The solution presented itself when my son suggested attending the NMLRA State match the weekend after the national event. Excitedly, I agreed, eager to shoot my musket.

The event took place in Fayetteville, North Carolina, at a range hosting the North Carolina State Black Powder Championship match, approximately four hours from my home. Despite unfavorable weather with rain and storms, the desire to indulge in smoke and shooting prevailed. Arriving at the range around 9 am, my shooting buddy Eddie had already secured a spot. After registration and some clarifications about the match, we were ready to make some smoke.

Eddie and I started at 25 yards, posting our targets and getting ready for the match. The clock started ticking as the range officer called "line is hot," and the next 20 minutes became a ballistic rush to fire our shots. Loading, firing, cleaning, and prepping – it was an exhilarating experience, albeit more challenging than anticipated.

NMLRA matches differ from N-SSA events, primarily involving paper targets and patched round balls. Loading and firing a patched round ball gun demand a more intricate process compared to launching a Minie ball from a musket. Each step, from clearing the gun to ramming the ball home, is done at a loading bench behind the line. The day featured a diverse group of participants, ranging from young to old, using flintlocks, percussion guns, cross sticks, pistols, revolvers, and Minie guns.

Eddie and I concluded the day shooting our Minie Guns, having faced the unique challenges posed by patched round ball guns. Despite the rain persisting throughout the event, we enjoyed a Chicken and BBQ dinner provided by the local team after the match, fostering new friendships.

Checking the scores before leaving, we discovered we placed in the middle for round ball guns.

To cap off the day, we camped at a friend's farm nearby, setting up camp and enjoying a campfire. The next morning, after a successful scouting trip to the woods, we received a pleasant surprise – I had secured 1st place in the Minie gun category. This trip was a testament to the versatility of black powder shooting, providing a satisfying alternative to the usual skirmishing activities.

Skirmish Line Fall 2023 32

148th Fall National

Chris DeFrancisci, Washington Blue Rifles - DSCA Single Shot Breechloader - Bronze

John Person, Durell’s Independent Battery - DSCA Revolver - Bronze

Joel Rogers, Iredell Blues - DSCA Smoothbore - Bronze

Derek Snook, 21st Virginia Infantry, Maryland Guard - DSCA Revolver - Bronze

Mike Davenport, Dismal Swamp Rangers - DSCA Musket Bronze

Jeremiah Walsh, 2nd Maryland Artillery, CSA - DSCA Single Shot Breechloader - Bronze

SPENCER TEAM

Walt Zdon Jr, 2nd Maryland Artillery, CSA - DSCA 5 Gun Silver

Adam Bumford, 149th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry DSCA Single Shot Breechloader - Bronze; DSCA Single Shot Pistol - Bronze; DSCA Smoothbore - Bronze 1st Maryland Cavalry, CSA, Co A - 1st Place, Spencer Team

33 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

BB Gun & Costume Competition

Terrence Donohue, 3rd Maryland Artillery - 1st Place Junior BB Gun Individuals

Kullen O’Bryant, Southampton Greys - 1st Place Senior BB Gun Individuals

Jude Bethke, Hattie Bethke, Jocelyn Plakis, Joey Plakis, Jr - 1st Place Junior BB Gun Team

Kullen O’Bryant, Lily Jenkins, Porter Bethke, Annabelle Bethke - 1st Place Senior BB Gun Team

Maryanne Greketis - 1st Place Ladies Semi-formal and The Delaney Award, Seamstress - Maryanne Greketis

Alyza Deneau - 1st Place, Young Ladies Informal and The Elmer Venskoske Award

Mary Deneau - The Susan Brisban Award for a special project - a cage crinoline, Seamstress - Mary Deneau

Kasey Jo Bowser - 1st Place Matron Ladies Best Visual and the Elmer Venskoske Award

Samantha Bowser - 1st Place Young Ladies Informal Best Visual, Seamstress - Kasey Jo Bowser

Scarlett Bowser - 1st Place Toddler’s Best Visual, Seamstress - Kasey Jo Bowser

Skirmish Line Fall 2022 34

Carbine Team

110th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Co A - with the Alan Bilby Memorial Trophy for 1st Place A Carbine Team

13th Confederate Infantry, Co A - 1st Place, Class A-2 Carbine Co B, 1st Pennsylvania Cavalry, Co A - 1st Place, Class A-3 Team Carbine Team

BREECHLOADING RIFLE/ CARBINE II

8th Regiment Virginia Volunteer Infantry, Co B - 1st Place, Class B-1 Carbine Team

Co C, 2nd US Sharpshooters, Co B - 1st Place, Class B-2 Carbine Team

8th Regiment Virginia Volunteer Infantry, Co A - with the Private’s Trophy for 1st Place Repeater Team

3rd Maryland Artillery, CSA, Co A - 1st Place, Class A-2 Breechloader Team

35 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

1st Stuart Horse Artillery, Co A - 1st Place, Class A-3 Breech- 8th Regiment Virginia Volunteer Infantry, Co B - 1st Place, loader Team Class B Breechloader Team

Revolver Team

Washington Blue Rifles, Co. A - with the 1st Place Revolver Team Trophy

1st Stuart Horse Artillery, Co A - 1st Place, Class A-2 Revolver 1st New York Dragoons, Co A - 1st Place, Class A-3 Revolver Team Team

SINGLE-SHOT B/L TEAM

149th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, Co B - 1st Place, Class 9th Virginia Cavalry, CSA, Co. C - 1st Place, Class C Revolver 149th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, Co A - 1st Place, B Revolver Team Team Single-Shot Breechloader Team

Single-Shot Pistol Team

1st Maryland Cavalry, CSA, Co A - 1st Place, Class A Single-Shot Pistol Team

8th Regiment Virginia Volunteer Infantry, Co B - 1st Place, Class B Single-Shot Pistol Team

8th Regiment Virginia Volunteer Infantry, Co C - 1st Place, Class C Single-Shot Pistol Team

Skirmish Line Fall 2023 36

Smoothbore Team

Harlan’s Light Cavalry, Co A - with the Men of the West Trophy for 1st Place A-1 Smoothbore Team

3rd Maryland Artillery, CSA, Co A - 1st Place, Class A-2 Smoothbore Team

110th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Co B - 1st Place, Class B Smoothbore Team

Lee Wallace Awards

Lancaster Fencibles, with the Lee Wallace Team Award

David Booz, with the Lee Wallace Individual Award

Sharleen West, Peggy Edwards-Shaw, and Judy Stoneburner - during Costume Competition.

Individual Awards

Edward Schneeman, 8th Regiment Virginia Volunteer Infan- Kreig O’Bryant, Southampton Greys - with the Bruce C Wartry - with the Patrick E Felker Memorial Trophy for highest burton Memorial Trophy for highest Carbine Aggregate Musket Aggregate; the Ben Betterley Memorial Trophy for highest 50-yard Musket Score; the Albert N Hardin Jr Memorial Trophy for highest Musket/Carbine Aggregate; the Ernest W Peterkin N-SSA Grand Aggregate Trophy for 1st Place Grand Aggregate 37 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

Adam Bumford, 149th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry with the Tom Blum Memorial Trophy for highest Revolver Aggregate; the Brian Haack Memorial Trophy for highest Smoothbore Aggregate; the Wade O Huffman Memorial Trophy for highest 5-gun Aggregate; the Larry Brockmiller Memorial Trophy for highest 7-gun Aggregate.

Musket Team

110th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Co A - with the William Francis 1st Stuart Horse Artillery, Co A - with the A-2 Musket Team Keys Trophy for 1st Place A-1 Team and the Jack Rawls Trophy for 1st Place A-2 Musket Team Place Memorial Trophy for 1st Place Musket-Carbine Team Aggregate

149th New York Volunteer Infantry, Co A - with the Army of the Tennessee Memorial Trophy for 1st Place A-3 Musket Team

8th Regiment Virginia Volunteer Infantry, Co B - with the Franklin O Hayes Memorial Trophy for 1st Place B-1 Musket Team

5th Virginia Volunteer Infantry, Co C - with the Stonewall Jackson Memorial Trophy for 1st Place C Musket Team

11th Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, Co B - 1st Place, Class B-2 Musket Team

Artillery Awards

Joel Rogers, Iredell Blues - with the Walter T Felter Memorial Trophy for 2nd Place Grand Aggregate

McNeill’s Rangers - with the Russell L Yeagy Memorial Trophy for highest scoring Rifled Crew

1st Maryland Cavalry, CSA - 1st Place, Class D (Rifled Howitzer) Artillery Team

Skirmish Line Fall 2023 38

NRA Awards

Spencer Ostner, 9th Virginia Cavalry, CSA - 1st Place Young Skirmisher, with a score of 160-0x

Mark Hughes, 9th Virginia Cavalry, CSA - 1st Place Senior Skirmisher, with a score of 184-1x

Correction from Spring Nationals:

Emilee Walsh, 2nd Maryland Artillery, CSA - 1st Place Young Spencer Ostner, 9th Virginia Cavalry, CSA - 2nd Place Young Skirmisher, with a score of 148-0x. Emilee was the Spring Skirmisher, with a score of 137-0x. Spencer was the Spring 2023 1st Place Young Skirmisher winner. This is a correction 2023 2nd Place Young Skirmisher winner. This is a to opening ceremonies at the Spring National. correction to opening ceremonies at the Spring National.

Left: Michael Rouch, 110th Ohio Volunteer Infantry - 3rd Place NRA National Championship - Musket Aggregate Right: Joel Rogers, Iredell Blues - 3rd Place NRA National Championship - Carbine Aggregate

Left: Tim Scanlan, 1st Maryland Cavalry, CSA - 2nd Place NRA National Championship - Smoothbore Aggregate Right: Todd Hess, 2nd Maryland Artillery, CSA - 3rd Place NRA National Championship - Smoothbore Aggregate

Scott Harris, 1st Florida Cavalry - with the following awards: Kreig O’Bryant, Southampton Greys - 1st Place NRA National Adam Bumford, 149th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry - with 1st Place NRA National Championship - Musket Aggregate; Championship - Carbine Aggregate the following awards: 1st Place NRA National Championship 2nd Place NRA National Championship - Carbine Aggregate; - Revolver Aggregate; 1st Place NRA National Championship 1st Place NRA National Championship - NRA Aggregate - Smoothbore Aggregate

39 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

50 & 60 Year Awards

Michael Caltabiano, 12th Regiment US Regulars - 50 Year Membership Award

William Nolze, 69th New York State Volunteers - 50 Year Membership Award

Thomas Witham, 4th Virginia Infantry - 50 Year Membership Award

William Hinson Jr, 1st Regiment Engineers - 50 Year Member- Christopher Reisch, 17th Virginia Infantry - 50 Year Member- Wayne Sager, 11th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry ship Award ship Award - 60 Year Membership Award

Raymond Smutko, 1st New Jersey Light Artillery - 60 Year Membership Award

Dick Killeen, 1st New York Dragoons - 60 Year Membership Award

William Sisson, 1st Stuart Horse Artillery (Posthumous) - 60 Year Membership Award Skirmish Line Fall 2023 40

Regional Commander Corner Dear N-SSA Members, Skirmishers, and Friends, As we approach the Winter break, I find a moment to reflect on the myriad events that unfolded throughout this past year. 2023 proved to be an exceptionally busy year for both the Tidewater teams and the N-SSA at large. In Tidewater, we successfully hosted seven events, including our annual Tidewater Region Cancer Shoot. Thanks to your participation and generous donations, we are inching closer to the remarkable milestone of raising $100,000 to combat cancer, "One Minie Ball at a time." A heartfelt thank you to all who contributed; no doubt, each of us has been touched by this scourge on humanity.

Despite the challenges posed by the pandemic, the loss of key participants, and the necessary modifications to our operations, the N-SSA remains the preeminent shooting organization in the USA. We've adapted by conducting business through virtual meetings, practicing safe distancing in large gatherings, all while persevering to promote and enjoy the sport we love. Many of you have played a crucial role in maintaining public exposure at key events, spreading the N-SSA message and theme. Your dedication ensures the vitality of our sport, as without continued public engagement, it risks fading away. The future success of the N-SSA lies in attracting fresh, new members, bringing new ideas and enthusiasm to our cherished sport. Whether young or old, male or female, let's actively recruit new members and guide them to embrace the rich history, heritage, and competition that define our sport.

In Tidewater, we have plans to host recruiting events to amplify our message to the public. Your support at these events would be a valuable contribution. I had the privilege of participating in a recruit event at the fort in September, and it was a fantastic experience.

As you gear up for the upcoming season, take a moment to reflect on those within your circle who support you. Express gratitude to them and reach out, acknowledging their contributions even if they aren't in your immediate circle. The N-SSA thrives on family involvement, and it's crucial to recognize and encourage this aspect.

Wishing each of you quality time with family and friends during the winter holidays. What better way to reconnect and have an enjoyable day than spending it at the range, burning powder, and making smoke? Get out there, have fun, and consider bringing a new friend to the range this winter!

See you at the fort!

Mike Davenport #5494 Dismal Swamp Rangers Tidewater Regional Commander ATTENTION REGIONAL COMMANDERS this is your magazine, if you want to utilize a space to talk to your members just reach out to me.

Jim “T-Bone” “Buddha” Westbrook from the 3rd Herd ( 3rd NC Cavalry) was one of my beloved friends. Buddha always pushed me to be the best I could be.

He was a true friend and I will forever miss him. Tidewater lost a legend, Go with God my friend. Jim passed away on November 18th 2023.

N-SSA Editor Eddie Daveport

41 Skirmish Line Fall 2023

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