HotLot: Housing for the Carbon Reduction Century

IIT Architecture Chicago Undergraduate and Graduate Cloud Studios

Metropolitan Data Systems Theory and Urban Form

Metropolis Research Report

Studio Professors Jason Lee Agata Siemionow

HotLot

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HotLot Housing for the Carbon Reduction Century Spencer Olsufka

Context

01 System Diagram

“If the world exceeds the carbon budget of one trillion tons, IPCC reported models project that it will be virtually impossible to bring global average temperature back under the 2°C threshold, leaving humanity with a continually warming planet and a deteriorating climate system...To keep carbon emissions under the one trillion-ton threshold, global CO2 emissions from fossil fuels must peak around 2020, with industry and electric power sector CO2 emissions reaching zero by about 2070, and global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions reaching zero by the end of the century.”

- From Roadmap to Zero Emissions, Architecture 2030 These conclusions present architects with a significant design challenge. Urban areas are responsible for over 70% of global energy consumption and CO2 emissions, mainly from buildings. As cities continue to grow, the demand for energy will rise correspondingly. This means that now, more than ever, architects have both a responsibility and a major opportunity to rethink the term “efficiency.” I believe opportunities exist in shared-service models outside of architecture that have yet to be applied as a method of energy reduction. For example, companies implementing Activity Based Workplaces or strategies of “hot desking” are realizing energy savings and reducing waste. Both strategies achieve savings by increasing the flexibility of a reduced floor area - allowing employees to use fewer, but shared workstations to accommodate the same range of functional needs. Might these same concepts be applied to our dwellings?

02 Efficiency meets Adaptability

The HotLot project proposes a new housing typology for the remainder of the “carbon-reduction century” providing both a method for reducing global energy consumption and an adaptable framework to accommodate changing lifestyles beyond the predictable future. A HotLot dwelling balances the use of limited space by coordinating of the daily schedules of its inhabitants.

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03 Various predictions for carbon emission levels (present - 2100) 04 Corresponding temperature projections 05 Activity Based Workplace at 1871, Chicago, IL 06 Underutilized block space causes unnecessary energy consumption

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07 Proposed HotLot Section/Elevation

Cooling (Sensible) TOTAL Heating (Sensible) TOTAL

BTU (annual consumption)

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shared square

18:00 - 6:00

6:00 - 18:00

Shared square allows unit to be expanded in either direction

Flexible Space Inhabitants would only pay for the minimum amount of private space they require. The small square units can be expanded or contracted throughout the day, in coordination with each neighbor’s schedule. In this way, no space would go un-utilized.

In the scenario shown, User A works normal daytime hours, while User B works an overnight shift. When User ‘A’ is at work during the day, the shift worker can “unpack” his or her space into the shared spaces, essentially doubling their unit size. When User B leaves for work at night and User A returns, a similar yet opposite process occurs. The units expand or contract on different axes perpendicular to one another. Each user type takes over the same shared square when it is not in use by the neighboring unit.

UNIT TYPE SERVICE STRIP

LEVEL 2 BED / BATH / KITCHEN

UNIT TYPE RESIDENCES

LEVEL 1 SHARED LIVING SPACE

VERTICAL CIRCULATION

FREE-FLOW BETWEEN UNITS

Household Activities Food & Drink Prep/Clean-up Interior Cleaning Laundry Household Management Other Lawn, Garden, Plants Maintenance

Leisure Activities Playing Games/Computer Sport Read Socializing TV Watching Other Relax/Think

Work/Work-related Sleeping

Normal Schedule

Sleep

Work

Household Activities

Leisure & Sports

Shift Work

Sleep

Work

Household Activities

Leisure & Sports

Conducted annually since 2003, the American Time Use Survey collects information about the activities people do during the day and how much time they spend doing them. Summaries of the data were used to determine peak times of different daily activities and thus establish peak demands for their corresponding spaces within a dwelling unit. Spaces could then be coordinated by inhabitants with different daily schedules where the valleys of one user’s demands for space match the peaks of another.

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Occupations with high percentages of shift work: Food services and drinking places (52.7) Protective service (50.4) Food preparation and serving related (49.4) Accommodation and food services (48.9) Leisure and hospitality (45.8) Motion picture and sound recording industries (38.6) Service (36.1) Arts, entertainment, and recreation (33) Mining (31.5) Transportation and warehousing (31.5)

Unit Coordination 1

18:00 to 6:00

6:00 to 18:00

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ORGANIC WASTE

WASTE WATER

EL EC TR ICIT TO Y DIGANAE ES RO TE BIC R

Mobility Waste Water Organic Waste Electricity

MATE

System Axonometric and Non-spatial Diagram:

PRIVA TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE

LOW LAND VALUE

REGIONAL GRID

VACANT LAND

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NEW

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SECO RESTAURANT

Organic waste from kitchens and toilets is consolidated and sent to the anaerobic digesters proposed by others at various locations in Chicago.

AGEN

SUPPLIER

PRIVATE COLLECTION

SOLID WASTE

FOOD WASTE

LANDFILL

CITY IPA

CCA

EU

ARES

DIGESTERS

Shengliang Rong “Energy Robin Hood” Energy Is Tool For Social Economic Change

Jelena Milkic Energy From Organic Waste: Anaerobic Digestion

DISTRIBUTION

INDIVIDUAL LABOR SOURCE FOOD

SOCIAL PROGRAM

PUBLIC TRANSIT LOW LAND VALUE VACANT LAND

CRF

FERTILIZER

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FOOD

OFFICE/COMMERCIAL

ORGANIC WASTE COLLECTION (TYP.)

GYM

LOBBY/GYM ENTRY

MARKET/GROCERY

Ground Floor Plan

Profile - Unit ‘A’

Typical Floor Plan

MEETING

FLEX SPACE (TYP.)

GROUP STUDY

“Mirror” Profile - Unit ‘B’