Albemarle County in Virginia

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ALBEMARLE

COUNTY IN VIR..GIJ.{I.II

Giving some account of what it was by nature,

0/ what it was made by

man, and of some of the men who made it.

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By Rev. Edgar Woods

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so l e mn and tou c h ing .... n ectio n . perpetually re c urring' , 'W ....

kne ss and in sig nifi ca n c e of man, ,h a t 'WhH e

ge"'ere !io n " pa ss

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int o ob li vion, -w ilh .. 11 th e ir l o il s .. nd

amhition =- . nature h o ld .. on her unvarying c:our"e. and p o ur .

oul her s t .. earns and r ene'W" h er (or .. s's _ilh und ecoyin g a c tivity . ..eg .. rdlo !ls of th o fOote of her pr o u d and p e rh. habl e Sovereign. " - J ..(frey.

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Copy rig h t 1901 by Edgar Woods .

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•• TilE MICDlE COMPAN Y . Printers ,

Cbariottesville. Va. 1901.

PREFACE.

An examination of the records of the county for some in 路 formation, awakened curiosity in regard to its ea rly settlement , and gradually led to a more extensive search. The fru its of this labor, it was thought, might be worthy of notice, and productive of pleasure , on a wider scale.

There is a strong desire in most men to know who were their forefath ers, whence they came, where they lived , and how tbey were: occupied during their earthly sojourn. This desire is natural, apart from the requirement s of business, Or th t' promptings of vanity. The same inquis itiveness is felt in regard to places. 'Vho first entered the farm s that c hecker the surrounding landscape, cut down the forests that once covered it, and built the habitations scattered over its bosom?

With the young, who are absorbed in the engagements of the present and the hopes of the future. this feeling may not act with muc h energy; but a s they advance in life, tbeir thoughts t urn back with growing persistency to the past, and th ey begin to start questions which perhaps there is no mea ns of answering. How many there are who long to ascertain the name of some a ncestor , or some family connection , but the on ly person in whose breast the coveted knowledge wa s lodged, has gone beyond the reach of all inquiry. How many interesting facts of personal or domestic conce rn could have been communicated by a parent or grandparent , but the ir story not being told at the opportune season, they have gone down irrecoverably in the gulf of oblivion .

P ublic affairs are abundan t y recorded. Not only are they set forth in the countless journals of the day, but scores of ready pens are waiting to embody them in morc permanent form in histories of our own t imes. Private events-those connected with individuals and families-are less frequel1~ly co mmitted to writing. Th ey may descend by tradition t hro ugb one or t wo generations , and then perish forever

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PREFACE

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from the memory of mankind. Some general facts may be found in local record s; but memorials of this kind are dry and mon oton ous in th ei r nature, and never resorted to by ordinary readers. Their conte nts arc soon los t sig ht of except by the antiquarian, or by those who are compelled by profess ion a l d uty to unearth t hem from the forgotten past.

S uch cons iderat ions induced the collection of the facts compiled in this volume. They were taken mainly from t he county a rch ives: in cases where they were derived from tradi¡ tion, or where s uggesti ons were made from conjecture, it is generally so stated. Exce pt in a few particulars, th e narrative was not designed to exte nd to the present genera tion.

Some matters that may be of interest to many, may be fo und in the appendix. To some now livin g in the county, and to others descended from those who once lived in it, the long li s t of nam es therei n inscribed may sh ow in some measnre bow their ancestors were employed, whither their wa nderings led, or at wbat time they passed away from the prese nt scene of action.

July 1st , 1900.

CHAPTER I. The settlement of Virginia was a slow and gradual process.

Plantations were fOT the most part opened on the wate r courses, extending along the banks of the James , and o n th e shores of the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries.

It was more than a century after the landing at J amestown before white men made the passage of the Blue Ridge. As soon as that event was noised abroad, it was speedi ly followed up. and in the space of the next twenty years the tide of population had touched the inte rior portions of the colony, oue st ream pushing westward from the sea coast, and

another Tolling up the She nandoah Valley from the wilds of

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Penns y l valli a.

Bes ides the restless spirit animating the first settlers. the occupation of the country was hastened by the rage for specnlation.

The laws of the colony allotted fifty acres for ever y persoll transported into its territory; a nd men of wealth, ill addition to availing them selves of this provision, largely invested their means in the purchase of land. Whi le the w ilder n ess was thus peopled, the institutions of civi l government did not linger far behind. As growing numbers rea ched the frontiers, aud were removed a great distance from the seats of justice and trade, these necessities of civ il ized l ife were soon established. One by one, the older counti es were cut in two , the limits of the new Olles stretching wes tward as far as the lim its of the colony itself. Those recentl y formed were at first represented by public bui ldings m ade of logs, and by the scattered clearings and cabins of the pioneers; but men of knowledge and experience were always at hand to hold tbe reins of government and admin. ister the laws. At once the courthouse was erected, and tbe power of the magistrate exerted to preServe peace and order in the community.

The coun t y of Goochland was formed in 1727, a little m ore than te n years after Gov. Spotswood's expedition to t he Blu e Ridge.

The first settlements witbin tbe present

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RI STORV OF ALBEllARLE

bound s o f A lbemarle were made w'hil e they were sti ll pa rt s of that county and Hanover.

Th ey ascended t he cou r ses of the Sou th Anna, the J ames, the R ivauua and the H ard ware, and were met by others proceed ing from the foot of the Blu e R idge, and planted by immigrants who had come up the Va lley, and crossed that mountain at \Voods ' Gap. The fi rst p ate nts were taken ou t on June 16, 1i27. O u th at day George H oomes obtained a g ra nt of thirty-one hundred acres "on th e far s ide of the moulltains call ed C hescut , and said to be au the line between H anover a nd Spotsylvania," and Nicholas 1o.路I eri weth er a grant of th irtee n thou sand se ven hundred and sixty-two acres "at the 6rst ledge of mountains called Ches nu t," a nd said to be on the sam e line . Th at was th e fir st appropriation of th e virgin soil of Albemarle, as it is at present.

These loca tions occurred in th e line of the South A nna Rive r, up whic h the increasing population had been s lowly creeping for a num be r of years. The p ate nt to Nicholas Meriwether included the pre sent seat of Castle Hill , and the bonndaries of the Graut. as it was termed by w ay of eminence, were marks of g rea t notoriety to s urveyors, and others interested in the description of adjacent land s, for a long period afterwards .

Th e next patent for twe nt y-six hundred acres was obtained nearly two years later by Dr. G eorge Nicholas. Thi s land wa s situated on J ames Ri ver, and included th e present village of \ \Tarre n.

In the year followin g, 1730, five add it iona l patents were issued: one t o Allen Howard fo r four hundred a cres on James River, on both sides o f the R ockfis h at its mouth ; one to T homas Carr for t we nty -e ight hundred acres on t he Rivallna a t th e junction of its forks, and up along the north fork; one t o Charles Hud s on for two thousand acres 011 both sides of the H a rdware, the beginning ev idently of the Hud son plantati ons below Carter's Bridge; one to Secretary John Ca rt er for nine thousand three hundred and fifty ac res "all th e Great Mountain on Hardware in the fork of the Jam es ," and to this day called Carter's Mountain; and one to Francis Eppes, the gra ndfather of Mr . Jeffe rson's son-in-law of the salDe name, for s ix thousand four hundred

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HISTORY OF ALBJ.;;\lARLE

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acres "o n the branches of the Hardware , Rockfish, a nd N her branches of th e James" -one of the branches of 1-lardware being still known as Eppes Creek. The same year Nicholas ~leriwether located four thousand one hundred and ninety acres more, adjoining his former tract, and running over the South \Vest Mountain on Turkey Run, takin g ont an inclusive patent for seventeen thou sand nine huudred and fifty-two acres in one body. From the recital of this patent, it appears that Christopher Clark was associated in the first grant, although it was made out to Nicholas Meriwether a lone.

I u 173 1 only three patents were obtained within the present . county: one by Charles L ewis for twelve hundred acres on both sides of the Rivanna, at the mouth of Buck Island C reek; one by Charles H udson for five hundred and forty acres on the west side of Carter's Mouutain; and one by Major Thomas Carr for two thousand acres' 'on the back side of the Chesnut Mountains." Several other patents were t a ke n out t he same year along the Rivanna within the present lim its of F luva n na County, one of w h ich was by Martin K ing, whose name is still kept in remembrance in connection wit h the road which runs from \Voodridge to the Union Mill s, where was a ford also called by his name .

In 1732 were made eigbt grauts, still confined to the James R iver , and t he western base of tbe South West Mountain.

O ne of these was made to Thomas Goolsby for twelve hund red acres "on the north side of the Fluvanua, " that is, the J ames; another in the same region to Edward Scott for fi\"e hu nd red and fifty acres "at a place called Totier; " another for fou r hundred acres to Jobn Key, tbe bead of a family wh ic h s ubsequently owned all the land between the South \Ves t 110 u ntain and the r iver fro III Edgemont to the hel1(1 below the Free Bridge; and another to Dr. Arthur Hopkin s for fo ur hundred acres "on the south side of the Rivauna, rllnning t o t he mouth of a creek below Red Bank Falls, called L e wi s' Creek." This last entry included the site of t he future town of Milto n.

Ouly four pa ten t s were taken out in 1733. None of them

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLB

reached further west than the west bank of the Rivallua under th e shadow of the South \Vesl Mountain. One wa s obtained

by Charles Lynch for eight huudred acres , whicbextended u p the Rivanna from th e mouth of Moore's Cre ek . and included th e plantation of Pen Park.

In 17 34 th irtee n gra nts were made. These were mainly located nea r the bases of the Sout h West Mountain on th e Rivanna and Mechuuk. One w as obtained by Henry Wood, the first clerk of Gooc hland . and great grandfathe r of V. \V, So utha ll , for two hundred acres on the south s ide of the Ri vanna at the mouth of Buck I sla nd Creek, increa~ed s ub sequently to nearly three thou sand in differe nt tracts; and another by Edwin Hickman, Joseph Smit h , Thomas Graves and Jonathan C lark for three thousand two h undred and sev enty-seven acres on the nort h side of th e Rivanna, running down from Captain MacMurdo's place and embraci ng the estates of Pantops and Lego. Another formed a nota ble exceptio n to what had hitherto been the rule . It wa s the first t o leave the s treams, and s trike out towards the mid dle of the co un ty . It was obtained by Joel T errell and David Lewis for twenty -three hun dred acres, and s hortly after fo r seve n hundred more, l y ing o n both s ides of the Three Notched Road and extending from Lewis's Mountain, which it in cluded, to a point near the D. S . The Birdwood plantation was comprehe nded in this tract.

From this time the cou nty was settled witb greater rapidity. 1\'10s t of the e ntr ies thus far n oted were made in large quantiti es, and by wealthy men for the purpose of speculat ion. Few of those who have been me nti o ned occ upied their lands, at least in the first instance. Th ey made the clearings and ente red upon the cultiva t ion which the law required in order to perfect their t itl es, but it was done either by tenant s, o r by their ow n servants, whom they esta blish ed in " quar ters." Now, however, a n ew order of things began. Grants were more frequently obtained in s maller amounts by persons who le ft the older districts with the design of permanently residi ng in the new cou ntry. Accordingly in 1735 the number of patents rose to twenty -nine. Not that tbis number

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

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was constantly maint ained; in some years, on the contrary, it greatly diminished. The population of the colony was yet comparat ively sparse. The whole Piedmont region, and the fertile plains of t he Valley were simultaneously opened, and h eld out strong inducements to settlers; and at the same time, inviting sections in the western portions of North and South Carolina were presented in glowing co lors before the public eye , and soon drew largely on the multitudes given to change. Still the county steadily filled up. Patents were t a ken out th is year on Green Creek in its southern part, On the sout h fork of Hardware near the Cove, 011 the south fork of the Rivanna, on Meadow Creek, on Ivy Creek, and on Priddy's and Buck Mountain Creeks in the north . Among the patent ees were John HeurY.. father of the famou s orator, to whom were granted twelve hundred and fifty acres situated ou tri butaries of the south fork of the Rivanna called Henry, Naked and Fishing Creeks, the same land afterwards owned by the Michies southwest of Earlysville; \Villiaru Randolph, who was granted twenty¡lour hundred acres on the uorth side of the Rivanua aud Mouutain Falls Creek, including the prese nt S hadwell and Edge Hill ; Nicholas Meriwether, who Wa S gran ted a thousand and twenty acres west of the Rivanna, embracing the p lantation known as the Farm; P eter Jefferson , who was granted a thousand ac res on the south side of the Rivallna, including Tufton; Abraham Lewis, who was granted eight hundred acres on the east side of Lewis 's Mountain, then called PiuE'Y Moulltain, including the present lands of the University; Thomas Moorman, who wa s granted six hundred and fifty acres, extending from the branches of .M eadow Creek to the south fork of the Rivanna, "includ ing the Indian Grave low grounds;" Mi chael HoIland, who wa s granted four thousaud seven hundred nnd fifty -t hree acres on both sides of Ivy Creek, including the pr'sent F arm ington estate; and Charles lIurlson, who was granted tw o t housand acres on Ivy Creek adjoining the H ollan d tract, and lying southwest of Ivy Depot.

In 1736 Robert Lewi s obtained a patent for four thousand and thirty acres on the north fork of Hardware in the North Gard e n. •

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EISTORY OF A LBE MARLE

Nineteen patents were taken out in 1737. Mi chael Woods, hi s son Archiba ld, and his son-in-law, \Villiam \-Vallace, secured grants for lUore than thirteen hundred acres on Lickinghole, Mechnlll's River and Beaver Creek , embracing the present M /chum's Depot and Blair Park. The same day Michael \Vo j5 purchased the two tho usa nd acre patent of Charles Hudson on Ivy Creek. These tran sactions took place at Goochland C. H" or more likely at \VilIiam s burg; and this fact lends probability to the tradition that the \Voods settlement occurred at the mouth of Woods's Gap in 1734.

Crossing from the Valley into an unbrok en forest, as Michael \Voods did, it is almost certain that be made a clearing and built a cabin, and thus establi shed his right to the estate the law gave, before he set himself to acquire a knowledge of tbe surrounding country and its owners, and to make large purchases. The axe had comme nced to resound amidst the deep so litud es at the foot of th e Blue Ridge, while yet no white settler bad gone he yond tbe Rivanna at the Soutb \Vest Mountain. The same year, 1737, Henry Terrell , of Caroline, obtained a grant of se\'enteen hundred and fifty acres on the bead waters of :rvlechums, including the present village of Batesv ille. As a suggestion of spec ial intere.!'t, it may be ment io ned that in October of that year a William Tayl or patented twelve hundred acres lying on both sides of Moore's Creek. It ca n scarce ly be questioned , tbat tbis was the tract of land which in process of time passed into the han ds of Colonel Richard Randolph, which was sold by him to the county , and on whi ch was laid out in 1'762 the new county seat of C ha rlottesv ille .

I t was not until 1739 th at the first p at ent was located on Moorman' s River. David Mills was by that instrument of writing granted twenty eight -hun dred and fifty acres 011 its north fork. Two years late r Dennis Doyle obtained the grant of eight hundred acres on the same stream, and from him was derived the name it ha s borne ever since . The same year, 1741 , Thoma s Moorman patented seven hundred and fifty acres lower dow n the main river, and as often as men now s peak of it, they p erpetuate the memory of his name.

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All sec t ions of t he county had at that time been occupied in SOUle degree, a nd t he wo r k of laying claim to its unappropriated la n ds constantly progressed from year to year.

As late however as 1796, Matthew Gambell procured the grant of twent y five thousand seven hundred and ninety-eight acres lying in Albemarle, Orange and Rockingham Counties near Seamond's Gap; and still late r ill 1798, John Davidson . who subsequently removed to Hardin County, Ky_. took out a patent for eighteen hundred and seventy-seve n acres ou Buck's Elbow.

Reference has been made to the entry of bodies of land exte nd in g over a w ide area. It lU3.y be further stated, that Maj or Thomas Carr patented altogether upwards of five thousa nd a cres; George Webb , of Charles City , in 1737 u pwards of seven thousand, near a mounta in north of Ear lysv ille still called by his name; Secreta ry J ohn Carter in 1738, ten thousand within the present l imits of Amht;!fs t ; J oh n Ch iswell ill 1739, nearly thirt y thousand on Rockfish R iver . mainly within the present bounds of Nelson; \Villiam Rober tson in 1739, more than six thousand on Naked and B uck 1\10u n tain Creeks; Robert Lewis in 1740, more tha n si x th ousand on I vy Creek; Ambrose J oshua Smith in 17-J.l, m ore tha n fo u r t ho usand on Priddy's Creek; Samue l Garlic k , of Ca rol ine, in 1741 and 1746, thirty-six hundred on Buc k Mountai n Creek; Rev. Robert Rose io 174-1-, more than thirtyt h ree t housand within the present counties of Amherst and N elson; Rev . \\Till iam Stith, Pres ident of William and Ma ry , from 17-W to 1755, nearly three thousand, and Dr. Arth ur H opki ns in 1748 and 1765, nearly four thousand, on T oti er and Ballenger's Creeks; and Allen Howard in 1742, more than two thousand on the lower waters of Rockfish .

Mr. J efferson, in a brief sketch of his family, wrote of his fath er , " H e was the third or fourth settler, about the year 17 37, of the part of the county in which I live."

T he act es tablishing the county of Albemarle was passed by the Legislature in September. 1744. It ordained its ex is tence t o begi n from the first of January, 1745; and the

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

reason alleged for its formation was the "divers inconveu~ iences attending the upper inhabitants of Goochland by rea路 son of their great distance front the courthouse, and other places usually appointed for publi c meetings." The dividing lines were directed to Tun frolll the point of fork of James River-that is, from the mouth of the Rivanna, where Columbia now stands-north thirty degrees east to the Louisa line, and from the same point a direct course to Brook's Mill, aud thence the same course continued to the Appomattox River. These boundaries embraced the county of Buckingham. parts of Appomattox and Campbell, and the counties of Amherst, Nelson and Fluvanna, the Blue Ridge being the western line. That portion of the present connty north of a line running past the mouth of Ivy Creek with the course of north sixty-five degrees west. remained in Louisa for sixteen years longer.

In accordance with a Cllstom already begun of commemorating the governors of the Commonwealth, the name of Albemarle was given to the new county, from the title of William Anne Keppel, second Earl of Albemarle. at that time Governor General of the colony.

The organization took place the fourth Thursday of February, 1745, doubtless on the plantation of Mrs. Scott, near the present Scottsville, where the next court was directed to be held. The commission of the first magistrates was dated the second of the preceding January. Those present were Joshua Fry , Peter J efferson, Allen Howard, \Villiam Cabell, Joseph Thompson and Thom3s Ballou. Howard and Cabell administered the oaths to Fry and Jefferson, and they in turn to the otbers. The oaths taken were those of a Justice of the Peace, and of a Judge of a Court of Chancery, and the Abjuration and Test oaths were subscribed,-tbe former renouncing allegiance to the House of Stuart, and the lalter affirming the receiving of the sacrament according to the rites of the Church of England. William Randolph was appointed Clerk by a commission from Thomas Nelson, Secretary of the Council, aud Joseph Thompson, Sheriff, Joshua Fry, Surveyor, and Edmund Gray, King's Attorney,

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by commissions from \Villiam Gooch, the Governor; and all were sworn in. Patrick Napier and Castleton Harper were made Deputy Sheriffs, and Benjamin H~rris , Deputy Clerk, t he following May. As appears from the Deed Books, John Fleming was also Deputy Cl erk. Thomas Turpin was a ppointed Assistant Surveyor, and J oho Hunter, Adrian Angle, John Hilton. John H arri s . Robert White and Abrah am Childress, Constables. The civil offices being filled. the military side of the organization was duly constituted.

Joshua Fry received the appointment of Lieutennnt of the county. Peter J effe rson of Lieutenant Colonel, and Allen Howard of Major. \Villiam Cabell, Joseph Th ompson, Charles Lynch, Thomas Ballou . David Lewi s, Jame s Daniel, J ames Nevel , and James Martin were sworn as Captains.

Cbar les Lynch , Edwin Hickman and James Daniel having been named magi strates . were subsequently inducted into office by taking the oaths. Of these officers. J efferson, Howard, Cabell and Lynch bad already been magistrates, and Jefferson had also acted as Sheriff, iu Goochland. The Wi.1liam Randolph, who was the first Clerk, was unquestionably Colonel \Villiam Randolph, of Tuckahoe, who had some years b~fore entered the tract of land known as EOl;:c Hill .

The original attorneys who practiced in the courts of the couuty, were Edmund Gray, Gideon :ro.'larr, \Villiam Battersby-whose daughter Jane, th e wife of Giles Allegre. was the mother-in 路law of the eminent statesman and financier.

Albert Gallatin-James Meredith. Clement Read and John Harvie. All except Harvie. and probably Meredith, resided on the south side of James River.

The routine of public business was at once begun and prosecuted with stated regularity. The location of the courthouse was a matter of deep interest. It was a conceded point that it should be fixed on James River. Jefferson, Howard. Lync h and Ballou were appointed to view the river and make a report; and as the result. Samuel Scott, sou of Edwa rd. agreed witb proper secu rity to erect at his own cost a co urt house, prison. stocks and pillory, as good as those

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HISTORY OF

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of Goochland, the site to be selected by th e Court, provi ded it was p laced a ll his hl1d. Th e site actually chosen w as on th e p lantation of his brother Daniel, anci is still pointed out about a mile west of Scottsvill e and a Qu arter of a m ile north of the river bank.

During t he next three years a numbe r of ordi nari es were li censed-Gi les Allegre , to kee p one on Mechu uk ; Daniel Scott and John L ewis eac h, one at the cou rthouse; \Vil¡ h am Battersby, opposite the courthouse; Johu Anthony , in the_ Glend ow e r section; J a m es Feniy, I sa ac Bates a nd Gideon Man, in Buckingham; \Villiarn :Vl orr ison, ;0 the Rockfish Valley; Cllarles Bond , au Bri er y Creek, a bra n c h of the lowe r H ardware: J oseph T hompson, in the vicinity of Palmyra; Hu gh McGarrou gb, not far from Aft on, and J oh n Hays, p rob ab ly in the sa me neighborhood; and \V illi am Cabell , at hi s ferry at \Varminste r. Daniel Scott was licensed to es tabli s h a fe rry from the c ourthou se lan ding to the opp osi te s ide of the river, and \Villiam Battersby, Oll e from his land to th e mouth of T otie r Creek on Da niel Scott 's la nd.

The ro ads received muc h attention. At that time they we re not so much to be worked, as to be opened and cleared; and p.e rmi ss ion t o t h is end was readily granted uuder the restr iction, that they should not be co nducted t h r oug h any fenced grou n ds. J oh n H enderso n was s ummoned to sh ow ea use why a road should no t be cleared through hi s land from the T h ree Notch ed Road to the Hard ware River; that is, from near Milton to the vicinity of :Moun t Air. John Defoe was made Surveyor of the road from Number Twelve to N.umber Eig-hteen-numbers used to designate th e dist ance , probably from the cou rthouse to certa in trees, as mention is subsequent ly ma de of the road from t he late Secretary's Ford to the Twelve Mile Tree . David Lewis was S urveyor of the r oad over Capt. Charles Lynch 's Ford, or Ferry; this was a road which ran from some point all t he Three Notched Road near the University, over the sha llows of th e Rivallna, a s hort distance so ntbea~t of the P en Park mansion, and down the west side of the Soutb

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\Vest Mountain. Andrew \\Talla cc: was Suryeyor of the road from the D. S. to ~rechum's Riyer Ford-Archihald and Michael \Voods, Jr. to assist in clearing it-and Willi!\lU Woods from i\Iechum's River to Michael W oods's Gap on the B lue Mountains. Benjamin \Vheeler was Surveyor from his pl ace into the "Four Chopped Road" to \Voods's Gap. \ Villiam Harris petitioned for a road from his plantation on Green Creek to the South River-that is, the James-oil the lower side of Ballenger's Creek j and Robert Rose. Clerk, petitioned for one from his place on Tye Ri\'er to Leake's. in the neighborhood of \Villiam Harris. The hands of Col. R ichard Randolph, Rev. l\lr. Stith and \Villiam Harris, were orde red to c!ear a road from the Creen Mountain Road near t he head of H og Creek, to the courthouse Road below Mr. S t ith's Quarter. Thetithables of the late Secretary at Clear· Mount-which must have been at Blenheim, or in that vicinity-were directed to work on the road from James T aylor's Ford to Martin King's Road, that is, hom below Ca rte r ' s Bridge to \Voodridge; and his servants liv ing abo\'e the mountains. together with the inhabitant s o n Biscuit Run, were to keep the road from David Lewi s's to the hl.te Secre· t ary's Mill. This mill was on the north fork of Hardware. a sh ort distance above its jUllction with the sOllth fork. Fry & L ync h were appointed to apply to the Louisa Court, to co nt inue the road over King 's Ford on the Rivanna- ·at Union .;\lills-from tbe county line to Louisa C. 11 . The!'e a re a few instances of the care and energy devoted to this important object.

H oward and Da ni el were appointed to list the tithtlhlcs on th e south side, and Lynch, Cabell. H ickman and Ua.1I0ll, those on the north side, of the Fluvanna Ri\'er. Th e numher of tithables in 1745 was thirteen hundred and ninety·four, In 174 6 fourteen bundred and seventy·nine. and in 1747 !-oc\'cn· t ee n h und red and twenty·fjve. They were taxed twenty po u nds of tobacco per poll. Taking Mr. Jefff.:rson's calculati ons in his Notes on Virgin ia as a basis, this w()uld make the w hole population of tbe county as it then was. white and black , in 1745 about four thousand two hundred and 6fty;

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

in 1746 four thousand five bundred; and in 1747 five thousand t wo hundred and seventy-five. According to the Census Reports, the progress of the population of the county within its present limits. bas been as fo ll ows: 1790- 12,585.

1800- 16.439.

1830- 19,747.

1840- 22.618.

1810- 18,268.

1820- 32,618.

1850-22,924 .

1860- 32.379.

1870-25,800.

1880- 26,625.

189O- 27,55.L 1900- 28,473.

The population of Charlottesville was for the first time taken separately from that of the county in 1870. Its numbers are as fo ll ows: 1870- 2,838.

1880- 2,676.

1890-5,591.

19O(}- 6,4-1-9.

Eleanor Crawley was sentenced to receive fifteen lashes on ber bare back, well laid au, for stea ling linen of the value of eleven pence- a li ttle over fifteen cents-and Pearce Reynold s to receive twenty-one, for stealing a handkerchief of the same value. James, a negro of William Cabell, for stealing twelve pence, was burnt in the hand, and given thirty-nine la shes at the whipping post. I n a suit James Fenly gained against Samuel Stephens, and Stephens choosing to be whipped rather than be imprisoned. the Sheriff was ordered to administer tw enty-one lashes. The grand jury presented George McDaniel for profane swearing-two oaths within two months-ana Abraham Childress for failing to clear the road of which he was surveyor. On motion of David Reese, the testimony of John and Stephen Heard, and of Patrick Nowlin, was recorded, ce rtifying that a piece was bit out of Reese's left ear, in a fray with Now lin . The testimony of Thomas Nunn and his wi fe Kate was recorded, show ing that tt ey h ad been imported about fourteen years before, and had never received th ei r dues; and subsequently their two c hildren , Mary and Lucretia, were direc ted to be bound out by the Church wardens of St. Anne's parish.

The Court was mindful to protect it s own dignity. For misbehavior in its prese nce, Martin King was ordered into custody, and bound over for a year, and Martin King , Jr . and J ames Fenly were placed ill the stock s.

HISTORY OF ALBEMARL E

13

The sca lps of wolves were reported in large num bers. One hundred and forty pounds of tob acco were a llowed for the scalp of an old wolf , and seventy 路 fiv e fo r that of a young one, th at is, one unde r six month s old. \Vh e n t obacco ceased to be a circulating m ediu m , twel ve and six dollars were given as th e premiums. These re ports continu ed with more or less regularity in subseq uent years down to 1849 . the la st on record , whe n I saac \V. Garth was awarded twelve dollars for killing an old wol f. J onath a n Barksdale, Samuel J ameson, William Ramsey and Ryland Rodes, are names which appear mos t frequen tl y in this connecti on . 111 1835 Lewis Snow received a dollar and a half for the sca lp of a red fox. The Court ag itated the removal of these premium s once or twi ce after 1849, b u t there is no indi cat io n th at th eir offe r was ever made.

Th e foregoing partic ul a r s were compi led from th e fir st order b ook of th e County Court, a venerable relic of the past ~ of great interest. Unhappily the records for UlallY years follow ing have been los t.

14

H ISTORY OF ALBEi\IA RLE

•

CHAPTER!!.

Albemarl e County has somewha t the shape of a lozenge.

It s northweste rn border follows the crest of the Blue Ridge.

It s boundary Oil the sOllth west leaves the Ridge a little north of Rockfish Gap, runs a course of south thirty degrees east t ill it st r ikes th e Rockfish Ri ver at the mouth of Green Creek, and then coinc ides with tbat river to its junction w it!:! the J a mes. The angle at the south instead of com ing t o a point is irregu larly truncated by th e James, that rive r forming it s border for about fifteen miles. The southeastern boundary sta rt s from the lower en d of Scottsville, and h as a cou rse of north th irty degrees east to the we stern side of t he tOWIl of Gordonsville; whence th a t au the north east runs north seventy-one degrees west till it intersects the t op 01 the Blue Ridge_ Its greatest length from nort h to so uth is ab-out forty miles, and its greatest breadth about the same distance. It has an area o f s l ightly over seven hundred and fift y squa re mi les.

Its s urfa ce is greatly diversified. Parallel with the Blue Ridge, th e Southwest Mountain traverses it s entire extent at an in terval of ei ghtee n or twenty m iles. This range is continuous, except where it breaks to afford a p assage for the Rivanna , H ardware and Rockfish rivers. Its highest poi nt, P eter's Mountai n , occurs where it enters the co unty o n the northeast, having an altitude of p erha ps fiftee n hundred fee t.

In its course sou thward it m aintains an elevation of te n or twel ve hundred feet until it passes the Hardwa re, whe n it gradually decl ines, and exhibi ts a p rom in e nce but little different fro III t he surface of the s urroundi ng country. This mountain is for the mos t part a single ridge, and has none of the later al offshoots so characterist ic of the Blue Ridge, unless for a Sh Olt dis tance on the west side of its northern portion. H e re a nd there occur lo w depressicns in its c rOWll, wh ich supply a nat ural and convenien t w ay for roads. North of the Rivanna are three of these depres s ions- the most north-

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I

HISTORY Or

ALBE~IARLg

15

edy , the 'l' ur key Sag, so named from Turkey Run, a branch o f Priddy's Cree k wh ich rises at its western base, the uext, Ston y Po int Gap, opposi te the village 01 that name, and the third, H am m ock'sorThurman'sGap. Between the Ri\'anna and the H ardware there is but one, the ),lonticello Gap, wh ic h separates Mont icello fr om the continuation of the ran ge, called Carter's :Moull t ain. South of the Hardware, the r a n ge bea r s the name of Green ),Iountain.

In the n orthwest part of the county, and sti ll more in the southwest , irregula r and massive forma tions raise their heads on h igh, wh ich from their disorderly appearance pass under th e name of t he Ragged l\I ountains. J utting from the Ridge nea r the western corne r is a huge spur, denominated Buck's El bow. A cross Moorman's River to the north is auother lofty s pur, the Pasture Fence )'I ountai n , called so without doub t because it contained one of the first enclosures for gra zi n g. I t is a pect!liar feature of this spur, as it is of the whole Bl ue Ridge, that in summe r it is covered with a luxuriant growth of blue g r ass; and ill former days, large plante r s common ly owned farms 00. these mountains for the special p ur pose of pasturage. Along the eastern foot of the P as ture Fence lies a rich and beautiful valley, which froUl one o f it s fi rst sett lers is named Brown's Cove, and which is wate red by an affiuent of Moorman's River, called in e:arly times it s no r th fork, but now known as Doyle's River.

B orde r ing t he Cove on t he east is a succession of smaller emin e nces, P igeon T op, Fox's Mountain and IIigh Top, w hile sca ttered to wards the northeast are numerous elevations, some having the appea r ance of ridges, and SOIllE: rising as so litary peaks , and bearing the names of Currants, Long, Gree n , Buck and P iney Mountains.

Jus t west o f w he re t he University now stands is a 5m311 range w ith a hi g he r s u mmit at either end, which was originally call ed P ine y Mountain . T he north end has the name of L ewis ' s Mounta lll , a nd the south, Observatory ~IOUll路 t ain, fro III its being t he site of the astronomical department of the Uni ve rsi ty. A t a short inten'al southwes t of this range, are heaped u p fo r some miles great mouo-

16

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

t aillOllS masses, rugged a nd broken, tliat may well be termed by way of eminence the Ra gged J..'l ounta ins. Th ese heights are skirted on the east by a range which fun s with a good degree of continuity to the extre me so uthwecot of the cou n ty, called on the north side of th e Hardware, Dud ley's Mountain, and on the sou th , Gay 's, Fan 's and Appleberry's.

Running off frolll the Ragged Mountains in a w es terl y direction is a range bearing the nam es of Martin 's and I s rael's Mountains, indented by Taylor's, Martin' s and I s ra el 's Gaps; while s outh and southeast of I s rael 's Gap, tower aloft some of t he loftiest summ its in the county , Castle Rock, High Top, Ch:: . lk and H eard 's Mountains. So me views of these immense pi les a re truly grand a nd magnificent. In the mid s t of t hese gigant ic heaps, a re fou nd rea c hes of comparat ively level countr y of prime fe rt il it y, one lyin g along th e north fork of the Hardware called the North Garden, another on the south fork ca lled t h ~ South Garden, and a third , the Rich Cove, separ at ed by a s light elevation from the South Garde n 0 11 the south. The section north of J a mes River is v a ried by ge ntl y s lopi ng hills, and that east of the South West Mount ain s tretches away to the east as an extensive plain, and being covered with forest, is kn ow n as th e Flatwoods.

Be si des the James, the county is cut throughout it s entire breadth b y two s treams, a nd is wa shed at its south west corner by a third, all of co n siderable size. In th e summe r the volume of water t hey discharge is much red uced-so m u ch at times, that during a remarkable drought in 1806, James O. Carr, who wa s then attending sch ool at Milton was able to stop the ent ire c urrent of the Rivanna with his h a nd ; but being mountain s treams, that is having their sources near the foot of the Blue Ridge, or it s outlying spurs, they becom e s peedily fill ed by heavy rains and the m elting snows of winter , frequently rush down with the fury of a torrent, and ove rflow all the low grounds along th ei r banks. The most northerly of t hese water courses is the Rivanna, which h as two for ks un iting about four mi les north of Charlottesv ille, and forming the ma in strea m. The north fork is made

\

HISTORY OF AL BE:\IARLE

17

up n ear the nort h l ine of the cou nty by t he union of Swift Run and L y n ch ' s River bot h of wh ich r is-:- in Gree ne County near the Blue R idge . I t flow s so utheas t and sou th to its junct ion with th e ~ o uth fork, au g men ted by :\ l arsh Run. Herring 's R U Il , P ri ddy ' s and Foste;- 's Creeks, flow ing into its n or th side , and by Beaverdam , J acob's RUIl, and Flat Bra nch , ('omi ng from the s outh . T he sout h fo r k is form ed b y the con fluen ce o f Moorm a n 's and Mech um 's River s, and being fed on its north s ide by Bu ck i\l oun tain, Na k ed, F ishing and Powell 's Cree k s, and o n its south

by I vy C reek, ru ns eas t ward ly about fi\'e m iles to it s junc tion with th e n ort h fork.

Buck Mount ai n C re~ k h as a large bra nc h o n it s wes t s ide ca lled Pin ey Run. Moorm a n 's Ri ver r ises in t he deep ravine b etw ee n th e Blue Ri dge a nd Pa s ture Fen ce Mountain . known a s S ugar H oll ow , a nd r u ns a south and the n a n east course, receivi ng o n it s north side Doyle 's Ri ve r. and Rocky a nd Ward's Cree ks. ,Mec hu11l's River ha s a greate r length , some of it s head wa ters sp ringing beyond t he cou nt y line in N elson , a nd interl ock in g wit h bra nches of the nort h fork of Rockfi s h. It h as al so & mo re tortuou s ch a nnel, b ut it s g enera l trend is eas t of nort h. It r eceives on its n orth s ide Virgin Spr ing Bran ch , S tock t on'S, Beaver and Spri ng Creeks, and on its s outh , Wh itesides Cre ek , Poundi ng Branch and Broadaxe Cree k . The Riv:l lln8 proper flow s south, tu rns to the ea st in it s p assage through the S outh \Vest Mo u lltai n fo r about four mil es, and th en runs s outhea st t o the county l ine , wh e n pass i n~ th rough Fluvanna Cou nt y , it em pties int o tbe J a mes at Colu m bia.

In its course throu g h Albem a rl e , it receives Red Bud, :'\[ountain F all s, Ca r:oll a nd Limes tone C reeks o n t he north, and Mead ow, Moore's, H e nders o n ' s and Buck I s land Creeks o n the south.

The Hard ware divid es iot a two fo rk s, which join just ab ove its p ass age through th e South west Mountain . T he north for k al so divide s not far fro w Red 11ill Station. the south and m idd le prongs bead in g nea r each other OLl ei the r sid e of Tom 's M oun tain, while the north p rong ri ~es in the vic inity of T a y lor 's G ap. J u s t be fore reach ing the junct io n I

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18

HI ::,TOR Y OF ALBEMARLE

it receives on its north side Sowell' s Brauch. 'I'h e sou th fork ha s its source south of Ca stle Rock, and n orthwest of Covesville. It make s its way in diffe re nt directions among the mountain s. but its general course is northeast. Its northern tributaries are Jumping Branch and Blac k Walnut. and its s outhern , Rapshill and Eppes Cree k s. A well known branc h of the latter is Beave rdam , wh ich has recent ly ~ acquired ce leb rity from th e Soapstone Works sllccessfu lly operated on its bank!:;, After t he union of its forks. the Hardware pursues a southt:ast course, crosses the county line about three miles north of Scottsville, and empties into the James in Fluvanna County. It is enlarged on its north ern s ide by Murphy's and Turkey Runs , and on its south ern by Harri s's Creek , form erly known as Little Eppes, and

by Coles 's Cree k , formerly called Hudson '5 .

The southwestern line of the county is intersected by the h ead waters of Lyn ch'R, Taylor 's, Hickory and Cove Creeks, all branches of Roc kfish River. On the east side o f Appleberry's Moun tain are Ivy, Green and Hog C reeks, debouching into the sa IDe stream . Two creeks of moderate size wate r the southern part of the county, and fall into the James, one at Warren called Ball e nger 's, and the other about t wo miles above Scottsville called Totier. Both a re fed by a number of branches. Mecb unk Cree k takes its rise not far from Gordonsville, flows southwest and southeast, and pa ssi ng out of tbe cOllnty joins t he Rivanna opposite Union Mill s. The sources of the Sou t h Anna a re also in Albemarle, located not far from that of l\!l echuuk.

The c haracter of the soil is \' ariolls. Th e deg rees of its fert ility are distinguished by different colors, t he richest exhibiting a deep red, and the less ferti le a gray. The form er prevai ls at the base of the mountains, and a long the banks of the streams. Some parts of the county, especially in the mouutainous localities, are stolly; the more le ve l lands are free {rom thi s incumbrance . The p revalent rocks are quart z and what is colloquia ll y known as m ountai n granite. A single ve in of l imestone ru n s through t he county , about four mi les east of the Sout hwes t MOllnt ain.

In a

I

H ISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

19

num ber of places slate and soaps tone occ ur , botl! of fin e qu al ity. Gold is found in the southwestern corner . The soil a nd climate of Albemarle are well adapted to all the staple productions of the temperate zone , and a re exceedi ng ly fa vo rable to the cultivation of fruit. The ravines a nd hollows of the mountains which might seem unfitted fo r the growth of any crop, are found to prod uce in perfect io n th e A lbemarle Pippin s , th e lUost highly prized apples in the world.

Most of the names given to the features of Albemarle sce ner y, belonged to them from the earliest times . In the pa tents first issued. the mountains and streams were already in dicated by names, and t hey were generally those wh ic h they st ill bear. Who gave them , or why in wany ca ses they were given , must now be reckoned among the things un known . Somet im es they were s uggested by natural circum stances. and sometimes deri ved from persons who were owners , or occupiers, of the neighboring lands. T he latter have undergone more change than otbers, becau se with the lapse of yea rs t he nam es of former residents passed out of remembrance, and those of thei r successors were appl ied in their s tead. As settlements were made in different parts of the count.y a t the same time, it has happened that nam es are frequently repea ted .

Th e S outhwest l\'Io uutaiu on whi~b the firs t land s were ente red, wa s originally ca lled th e Cht:stnut ~lo11nta i m: . It wa s also s pok en of as the Litt le Mountain. P<lrti cuiar portions had local names, fo r the most part taken from owners or fir st settlers , as Peter's, Carter' s, Lively ' s, Suga r L oa f, Monticello. Green Mou ntain no doubt derived it s nam e froUl th e co lor of its luxur ia nt vegetation. The Blue Rid ge ho re tha t name from the first planting of the country. The early inhabitants ca lled it also the Blue Ledge, and the Blue :o.l oun t&in. Someli me s it was designated the Great Mountai u , in oppos ition to the L ittle Mountain, and occasionally the So uth Mou ntain, in opposition to the Korth Mountain on th e west side of the Valley. Buck 's E lbow and -Pasture Fence at 6rs t bm ith 's P asture Fence- Mountain have always been so called.

20

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

Brown's Gap and Brown's Cove were named from the family that largely sett led t he land in that reg ion. Turk's Gap was first called Jameson's, and Jarman's bore the name of Woods' -all from families who lived near by. Rockfish Gap has always had that name, acquiring it from the river which rises in part at its base. Pigeon Top was once called Jameson's Mountain, and may have obtained its later name from a roost of that bird. Fox's Mountaio took its name from a family that lived on it, and High Top from its lofty pea k. Currant's and \Vebb's Mountains were named from persons who possessed the adjoining lands, and Buck Mountain, and the Creek of the same name, from the abundance of deer that roamed the forests. Piney Mountain was first called Poindexter ' s, from the man who entered the land at its fo ot. Ye l low Mountain at one time went by the name of Epperson's.

Castle Rock was so denominated from its huge towering form, Chalk Mountain from the light¡colored rocks which face its crest, and Heard's, Appleberry's, Fan's, Gay's, Dudley's, from primitive settlers in their vicinity. In ear ly times the Mountains north of Moorman's River, and south of Mechum's, were called Ragged, from thei r disordered appearance, and not from the garments of their inhabitants, as bas sometimes been suggested.

The Hardware River has always borne that name. Rivanna was in use from the first, according to the fashion then in vogue, of honoring Queen Anne' with the names of rivers recently discovered. In the earliest patents and deeds it was more frequently call ed the north fork of the James, as the James above the Rivanna passed under the name of the South â&#x20AC;˘ Fork, or more euphuistically, the Fluvanna. In some instances the Rivallna was simply termed the North River, and the Fluvanna the South. The crossing of the Rivanna at the Free Bridge was known at the beginning of the century as Moore's Ford, or Lewis' Ferry, according to the stage of water, and its north fork was sometimes called, down to a quite recent date, the Little River. Red Bud was first named Key's Mill Creek, or Swamp. In early days. swamp see med to be interchangeable with creek, no doubt from the rubbish

UI STOR\, OF

â&#x20AC;˘

ALnE~IARLH

of logs a nd leaves which for ages had obstructed tbe channels of the smaller st rea ms. Pr iddy's, Buck Mount ain nnd Rocky Creeks, and Jacob's and Piney Runs, had those desigllltiollS from th e beginning. The names of :'-oleadow and h'y Cr ~h obtained from the earliest times. :'-oIoorUlall'~ River was named from T homas Moorman, one of the 6rst patcntt.:c ... 011 its hanks , and f..l echu m 's. froUl a George :'-o l echuDI. who was an owner of land near it s head. Th e north fork of :'-olechum's wa s called Stockton's Creek, and its south fork. now regarded as the main stream, Stockton's ~I i ll Creek, frOIll a numerous family occ npying th eir margins. The midJle fork was always termed Virgin Spring Branch. Union Run was 6rs t named ).[onntain Falls Creek; afterwards. from being a favorit e feedi ng place of the wagoners who hrought thei r p roduce to Milton, it acqui red the name of Camping Bran ch. Carro ll ' s Creek was th e original title of tbnt stream . Limestone wa s first called Plum Tree Branch. then Sca les Creek, and 6nally its prese nt name , frolll washing the on ly vein of limestone in the county, Buck r .. lnnd Creek was so designated fr om tbe beginning. It is a mistake to write it Bllckeyeland , as if derived frolll tbe deer eyed tree. The name was taken froUl an island in the Ri\'anua opposi te its m outh, and as in the case of so manyobjt:cts of natural scenery, was sugges ted by the great number ... of deer found everywhere in the country. There were two other tr ibutar ies of the Rivanna below ~ l ilton in early limes, though the ir names are never hea rd at present, ll enderson's _ and ~Ii ll e r' s Branches. Moore 's Creek has heen so called from the 6rst. The same is true of Biscuit Run; but the names of its b ranches. Plum Orchard on the east, and Cow Branch on the we st, have slip ped from the memory of lIIen .

A sma ll prong of Moore's above Biscuit Run ollce had the nam e of Edge's Creek; it is forgotten now.

There were three Beaverdams in the county, one runnlnJ.: into ' Mechunk , another into Lynch's Ri\rer, and the thir.t into Eppes Creek. Besides Ivy Creek that passes the depot 01 that name, there is another which empties into Rockfish An affiuent of Pr iddy's Creek, and one of Ballenger's. were

22

HISTORY OF ALBE;'I[AHLE

both ca lled \Volf Trap. \Valf Pit was a branch of Beaver C reek, and a cavi ty au th e west side of South \Vest Yiountain bad the same name. Piney ;-'[ountain was the designatio n, Dot oniy of t he present mountain of tbat name, but also of Lewi s's ::\Iountaiu near the University and of all eminence near Afton. A branch of th e lower Rockfish was called Buck I sland, besides the stream so named that flows int o t he R iyauua. A Turkey Run empties int o Priddy's Creek, and another of the name enters the Hardware. There were three Round Top MOllntain s, one ill the Buck Mountain reÂŁ"ion, a n other not fa r from Ba tesville, and a nothe r near the Uni versity. \Vbitehall was an e lection preci nct uud e r the successive nam es of Glenn's Store , William l\'1aupin's Store, Maupin 's T avern, Miller' s Tavern, Shumate's Tavern , till at leng th the present name was establi s hed about 183 5 . F o r a long time Batesv ill e went by the name of Oliver's Store. Mechulil 's Depot was anciently known a~ Jarm a n 's Mi ll , and afterwa rds as \Valke r 's Mill. I vy Depot was formerly called \Voodville .

The name of Glend owe r at first was Scot t 's Mill , th e n Dyer ' s, and th(>n Dawso n 's. \V ood ri dge was for many years denominated McGehee's O ld Fi f"ld. Be s ides Stony P oi nt on the Barboursville R oad, the re was a Stony. Point Dot tar from Scottsvi ll e .

Free Union formerly went by tbe name of Nixville , and is still so spoke n of by the o lder cit ize ns.

P etersburg is the appell ation of a h am let on Pri ddy's Creek between the Southern Railroad and the Ba rboursvi lle Road.

Cartersburg is a straggling collection of hon ses on the hi ll south of Rio Bridge. Brownton and Lemon Hill stand for pla ces not far from Glendower.

As alre:tdy inti matert, the former denize n s of th e fores t were fre<luently alluded t o in the names by which object s were distinguished. \Vhen the county was first occupied, "arne of e\"ery kind abounded. Traces of the buffa lo sti ll remained. A trai l is said to have run up Rockfish River to the Gap of that name. It is also reported that tb e old Richard Woods Road closely followed a buffa lo trail. A tract of lan d he longing'to the Webb e ntry, sold in 17 69 to Isaac

HI STORY OF ALBE,,-IARLE

23

Da v is, and lying on the north fork of the Rivauna, is de路 scr ibed as adjoining Buffalo Meadow. A branch of Buck ~I ountain Creek \Vas called Elk Run. Deer were exceedingly plentiful.

A tradition, which desce nded from one of the first settlers near the Blue Ridge, states, that by stepping froUl his door almost any morning. he was able to shoot a dee r. From tbis cin:nmstance it arose that the word Buck so frequently forms part of the names of the county. Lick R un was a branch of Beaverdam in it'l northern part. Bears were found, not only as they still are in the deep ravines of th e B lue Ridge, but also in every nei ghborhood. Near the R ic h Cove were Bear Creek, and R ed Bear Ilollow. Benja' min Brown devised to his son Bezaleel the Bear cornfield.

In a deed of 1789 , conveying laud nortb of Sto ny Point , one of the l ines passed by "the Bear Spring on the road." As lat e a s 1823, it was stated, that H enry Bruce with two other men , k illed o n the B lue Ridge twelve fine fat bears in 6fte(!u d ays . As prev iously mentioned, an exterminating' war was wa ged from the begi n ning against wolves . A prong of Gr~en Creek bo re t he nam e of Black Fox Bran ch.

Beaver and Bea verdam C reeks were connected with every lea ding stream of th e county. In the first times flocks of turkeys thronged the woods. a nd every fall and s pring wild ducks and geese dar kened t he rivers. T radition refers to more than one pigeon roost. where great limbs of trees were broken down by t he countless numbers of that bird. Before tbe cOII~truc' tion of dams. fish of the best kinds, shad and herring, a scended t he water courses. Dr. William Cabell deri\'Ctl II considerab le revenue from his fisheries on James River, and fin e shad, taken from the Rivanna, were often seen 011 the t a bles of the early inhabitants.

T here is no evidence that Indians were resident iu the cou nty at t he fi rst approach of the white man, though they still passed th rough on their journeys from on(! part of the count ry to another. But memorials of tbeir fornH:r occupat ion were not wanting. Mr. Jefferson mentions baving often see n th em in h is boyhood, and refers in his Notes to a large band vis iti ng the mound containing the remains of tb~ir (lD-

24

HISTORY OF ALBEMAR L E

cestors on the Rivallna lQW g rounds, and there expressing their customary signs of grief. I n a description of land on Bremo Creek, in a deed of 1751, is noted a line that ran "up to the head of the b ranch that the I ndian shot J ohn Lawson at." The head stream of Buck I sland that nows past Overton, was var iollsly ca lled Indian Creek, rlldi~ D Camp Creek, and Camping Branch, and the plan tatio n a t its so urce, once owned by \Villiam Short, and sold by him to David H igginbotham, bore the name of In dian Camp. Fl in t ar rowheads , often of super ior workmans hip , are found in large numbers in Ulany section s of the county.

The first division of th e county. besides its se p aration into t he two parishes o f Fredericksville and St. Anne's, was that made by the bounds of the mililia co mpanies. Each of the two regiments embod ied it:! it contained eig ht compan ies, and thus there were six teen of th ese divisions. The persons selected to perform the duty of Process ion ing, whilst that m ethod of determining the boundaries o f lands was prac tised, were ch ose n fO I these divisions, usually fo ur persons for each. They were referred to by Mr. J efferson a s forming suitable dist r icts for sta tioning common school s, and appear in the records until quite a la te p eriod in con nectio n with the appointment of p atr oll ing pa rti es., For a long time the co unty sea t was the exclusive locality for h olding polit ica l elections. F or electing Ove rseers of the Poor, the re existed in the early part of th e century fo ur dis tricts: for th e northeast, the voting pla ce was Trice's T ~v足 ern below 1"urkey Sag, and a fte rward s Ston y Point; for the northwest, Fretwell 's Store, or Free Union ; for the southwest, Everett' s Tavern, or the Cross Roads; an d for the southeast, Dye r 's Store. It was Dot until the second quarter of the centu ry wa s conside rably advanced th at the numbe r of electi on precincts was increased, and th e co nven ie nce of the people th us cons ulted. As late as 182 0 , Charlottesv ille was the on ly pos t office fo r the county ; s ubse que nt to that date , mail facilities be6'an ra pidly to multiply.

In 1846, in accordance w it h an act of the Legislatnre, the county was div ided into twenty-o ne School dist rict s . A

HI STOR Y OF

ALBE M A R L I~

25

description of thei r lim its is recorded in the O rder Book fo r th at year, page 312. I n Deed Book ~o. Fi fty, occurs the record of the bou n da ries o f te n d is tri cts fo r electio n pllrpo"cs, wh~ch were const it uted in purs ua nce o f an ac t of l llc Lc~is lature passed in 1852 .

T he la s t division was effected by a n act of the Leghi lalllre, un der the req uire men t of the new Con st it ut ion , adopted ill J u ly, 1869 . By thi s law the county wa s laid off into five Town s h ips, su bsequently term ed Di s tri cts.

T hese were Rivann a, Wh iteb all, Sa muel Miller , Scottsvi ll e and Charlottes v ille . In 1875 another wa s added , ca ll ed h路 y, which wa s e n larged on its northeru border ill 1889.

All u sion has been m ade to t he g reat misfo rtune sustained in the loss o f th e ea rly records. T he g ap thu s occasioned reaches from 1748 to 1783, a period of thirty -fi ve years, a nd o ne intense ly inte resting in the h is tory of the co un t ry at large.

The loss was caused by tbe wanton ravages of the British ~ roops near t he cl o!"e of the R evolutionary War . )1:J.n y n:f~ r 路 ences to th is event a re met wit h in the s u bseque nt p roceedings of the Conn ty Court. I n 1794 it recommended J ohn Key, George Divers, Th omas Garth, Thoma s \V. L ewis, Garla nd Carr, Th oma s Bell , R obert J onett, \V. \V . lIening, and Cornelius S chenk as "CoUlmissioners to reins ta te such rec路 ord s as had bee n los t or des t royed." Th ese pt-rsons o r others were cert ai nly a ppointed for th is purpo:;e, as the Cour t in one pl ace ordered the t ran sac tion s of the C omlUi!'isioncr~ "for reinst ating the record s des troyed b y the enemy ," t9 he recorded. A cop y o f Gideon Carr' s will wa s pro\'ed hdore them, and d irected to be pl aced on record. On a deed frolll Thoma s Gool sby to Samuel S helton da ted Jul y 1745, the foll owing memora nd u m wa s insc ribed : " Ft=hruary Court .

17 88. Th is Indenture was produ ced to the Court, anrl it appearing from a ce rti fi cate on the sa me, t ha t it bad hee n formerly recorded in this Court, th e reco rd whereof was de:路 strayed by the Br iti s h in the yea r 178 1, Oil mot io n of Samue l Shdton it was ordered by the Court that it be recorded agai n, in pursuance of an act of Assemb ly for th a t p ur pose. " The act here referred to may be found ill H en ing X CI , 497. It

26

HISTORY OF ALBE)IARLE

is hard to concci\"e any conduct in an army more outrageous, m ore opposed to the true spirit of civ il ization, and witha l moteu<;dess in a military point of view, than the destruction of public arch ins Other interruptions of the series however have happened since that time. The order books of the Court are missing from 1785 to 1791. Those for the years 1805 and 1827 are :ll~o wanting.

It is difficult to account for these losses, ex cept from want of due care in the removal of the books at diff~rent times from ooe office to another.

During the long interval posterior to 1748. two events tran spired on which it is desirable to have as mnch light as possihle, the change of locatio n of the Court House, and the Revolutionary War. Materia ls fortunate ly exist to furnish some account of both.

The first occurrence was rendered necessary hy t he partition of the county in 1761. The territory on the south side of James Ri\路er was cut off to form tbe county of Bucking* bam . That part which lay north of tbe James, and west of th e Rockfish from it s mouth up to the mouth of Gree n Creek, and thence west of a line running di rect ly to the house of Thomas Bell, and co nt inu ing the nce to t he Blue Ringe, was constituted t he cou nty of Amherst. At t he same time there was added to Albema rle that part of Lou isa lying west of a line, beginning at the bou nda ry between Albem:ule and Louisa on the ridge between Mechunk and Deaverdam Swamp, and running along said ri dge till illte r* sected by an east course from the widow Cohb's pla ntat ion , and thence a direct course to the Orange line opposite the plantation of Ambrose Coleman. When this arrangement took place, it left the Court H ouse on the extreme sou t hern bord~r, and rendered attendance thereat unnecessarily incon* venit-nl to the peop le residing in the northern sect ions of the county. \Vhal )Jroceedings transpired to determine the site of the new Court House, whether it W3.S fixed by the judgment of the County Court, or sett led by 3. popular vote , there remains no lUeans of knowing. Certain it is no more s u itab le place

,

HI STORY OF ALBE"IARLE

27

than the one se lected could have heen chosen. It occupies al most the exact centre of the county, it lies in the midst of a fntilecountry, and it is beautiful for situation. Lofty ideas were evidently entertained in relation to its estahlishment.

A t housand acres were purchased from Colonel Richard Rau路 dolp h , of H enrico , extending north and south from near .....Cocb ran's Pond to the south side of Moore's Creek, ~nd east and west from the Chesapeake and Ohio Depot to Preston H eig hts. The t it le to this property was vested in Dr. T ho mas Wa lker as T rustee, and he was empowered to sell an d co uvey it t o p u rchasers. The tOWD was planned at the e as tern edge o f t his tract, aud consisted of {our tiers of squ ares , each t ier running east and west, and containing seven sq uares , a n d the fou r tiers extending from J efferson Stree t on t he north to South Street on the south. The public sq ua re for the courthouse was exterior to t he limits of the town . T he act of Assem bly establishing t he town was pa ssed in Ko\'ember 1762. It is therein recited tha t fifty a cres of la n d coutiguous t o t he courthouse had already been la id off into lots and streets, and as it wou ld be of great advant age to the inhabitants of the cou nty if established a town for the recept io n of traders, it was so established, to be called a n d known by the name of Charlottesville. Dictait'd by tbe spi rit of loyalty tbe-n prevalent, the name was given in b on or of Princess C ha rlotte of Mecklenburg Stre litz, who had recently become Queen of England as the wife of King' G enrge III. T here being two half路 acre lots in eacb square, the original town contained fifty路six lots. They were not disposed of with great rapidity. At the first sale in September 1763, abou t a year after the survey of the town. fourteen lots were sol d t o seven purchasers. Ten more were sold at interva ls dur ing ~he next year. Strauge to say, the most of those alien a ted a t first were remote from the courthouse, and lay on Ma in , \Vater and South Streets, although it is within the me mory of some living since the Square ceased to be the bus iness centre of the towu. The next sale took place i!l O ctober 17 65, when twenty -three lots WHe dispOSfd of, rour-

28

HI STORY 0'" ALBEMARLE

teen being purcbased at once by Beniamin B rown and David R oss. By this time it may be supposed the courthouse was built, and the prospec ts of the new settlement being some what assured, the s pirit of speculation began t o operate.

In the deed to John Moore of Lot No. Three in 17 65. it wa s stated that the Court of the County was recentl y held thereon.

The residue of the publi c land was divided into fifteen parts, designated as outlats. Th e y ranged in size from thirty -three to Qne hundred and fifty acres. The smallest of the m lying north of the town and immediately on the public sq uare, was sold to John !vIoore in April 1764. On thi s lot wa s a spring in the ravine behind Miss Ross' residence, which had already acquired the name of the Pri son Spring. The latter part of the same year two others adjoining the town on the south, and containing seventy-three acres, were purchased by Richard Woods. In October 1765, eight more lying to the north, south and west, and aggregating upwards of six hundred acres , were bought by John Moore, Joel T errell , and Richard and Sa muel \Voods. The last sale of outlots mentioned occurred in 1791, wile n the most north erly of them was sold to Dr. Ge orge Gilmer.

The whole s um realized by the county from the sale of town lot s a nd outl ot s averaged a pound an acre, amounting to th irty路 three hundred and thirty-three dollars.

The improvements ma de in the t own before the Revolut ion see m to have been few and scattered. One of the earliest was the residence of Joel Terrell, which was built on th e corner of Market and Fifth Streets, where the City Hall now stands. Thom as Wes t , a saddler by trade, lived 0 11 Main Street, o n the squa re now occ upied by the Letermans' Store. Samue l T al iafe rro resided on the square to the east , o n which afterward s s tood the dwelling and store of Co lone l Thoma s Bell, occupied later by the family of Jesse Scott, and at present the seat of the Post Office. The first bome of Dr. George Gilmer wa s on th e south side of IvIain Street, Ilear the prese nt loca tion of T. T. Norman's Store.

John Day, a blacksmith, lived on the southeast corner of

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

29

'Vater and First Streets. Tu cker 'Voodson, Deputy Clerk of the County, who married Elizabeth, daughter of Johu Moore, had his residence north of town, near the road to Cochran's Mill. A short time before the outbreak of the w ar, John Jouett built his public hou se, the Swan Tavern. on the east of the public squa re , wbere the house of the late Samuel Leitch now stands. The square on which is now e rected the Perley Building, wa s known ill those days as "the Grass Lot," and on a part of it was a house ill which a Richard Scott lived . and which when sold during the war wa s reserved to him for hi s life. In a honse on L ot Twentyon e, now marked by Huyett 's Comer. a :Ma ry Murphy lived the latter part of the war. Being afterwards married to Joseph ~ei l son, they sold it in 1734, and the same year it came into the possession of Robert Draffen, a former merc hant of Charlottesville.

As t he war of the Revolution drew near . the people of A lbemarle were deeply aroused. Their opposition to the obnoxious mea sures of the British government was prompt and s ~ rol1g. Upon t he first mutterings of the storm, an independent company of volunteers was formed. and by spi r ited resolves they devoted them selves to the public welfa re. \Vhen the election of offi ce rs was entered upon, the ch oice fell upon Charles Lewis, of North Garden, as Captain, Dr. George Gilmer and John Marks, as Lieutellants. John H arvie, as Ensign, William Simms, \Villiam Wood, William T . Lewis, and John Martin, as Sergeants, and Frederick \V. \ Vi tl!', T homas Martin, Jr ., Patrick Napier and David Allen. as Corporals . As soon as the news was received of the removal of tbe powder by Lord Dunmore. without waiting for a ca ll. eighteen wen at once marched to Williamsburg.

H ow long they remained under arros, does not appear. They returned home shortly after. in the midst of the prevailtng uncertainty. But thei r eagerness to sustain "the cause of A mer ica," was unabated. In fa ct so enthusiastic was their wa rmth, that they were not disposed to listen to counsels wh ich cooler minds deemed prudent. On receiving a mess age from Captain Hugh Mercer, to the effect that tbe ~peaker

30

HI STOR Y OF AL BEM ARLE

and other!:i though t the companies assemb led s hould be dism issed. they were at a loss how to ad. It was determined ho\vever t hat the matter shou ld he sub m itted to tb e deci s ion of the company. 'I'hey voted to m arch agai n , a nd on July 11 t h, 177 5, twenty-seven men under Li eu tena nt George Gilmer proceeded a second time to \Villi a m sbu rg.

The Conventi on which met on July 17th of tbat year, for med sixteen districts in tbeco lony , in which troops should be raised for it s defe nce. In oue of t h ese Albemarle was a ssociated with Buckingbam, Amhers t a n d Ea st Augusta.

T oe Co mm ittee of tbe di s trict co n vened 011 Se ptember Si b, 1775, at th e bou se of J ames \Voads in Amh e rst . There were presen t frolU Albem a rle . Cbarles L ewis and George Gilmer, fr om Amhers t, \Villiam Cabell and John and H ugh Ro se, from Buckingham, J ohn Nich ol as, Charles Patterson and J ohn Cabell, and from Augus ta, Sam pson Matthews. Alexande r McCla nahan an d Samuel McDowell. Thoma s Jeffe rso n was the othe r delegate from Albemarle, but was absen t at the Continenta l Congress, of whi c h he had been appointed a me mbe r the previous JUll f'. At this meetinf!" it wa s res olved, th at t\VO co m panies of minute me n should be e nl isted ill eac h of the co untie s of A lbemarle, Amherst and Buckingh a m, and four in that of Augusta, and that these ten compa n ies sh ould cons titute a batt a lion under George Matth e ws, of Augusta, and afterwards Governor of G eorgia, as Co lon el , Charles L e wi s , of Albemarle, as Li eutena nt Colonel, Daniel Gaines, of Amhe r s t, as Major, and Thomas P atter so n , of Buckingham, a s Comm issary. 'l' h is batt a lion was rai sed and went into camp Novembe r 11th, 177 5, three miles from R ockfi s h Gap. and co ntinued in training till December 6th. Inquiry fails to fin d any local tradition of t he p lace of this ca mp , but it is s ai d that ground s at that distance from t he Gap, and admira hl y fit for m ilitary exercises, may be fou nd on the main road bH wee n H e bro n and Rodes' Chu rches. Charles Lewis appe8.rs as Col o ne l o f a batta lion the next year , and was orde red b y th e COllve nt ion in May t o N ortb Carolina. H e was afte r wards Col onel of the Fourteenth Virgi n ia Regimen t , a n d a t tb ! l ime of his deat h in 177 9, Commander of t he pos t at eha rlottes v i li e.

H ISTQRY OF ALBE:..IARLE

31

Soldie rs from Albemarle fought on all th e important ba t tle fields of the wa r, Lon g Bridge , Trent on, Stony Point, Brandywine, Germantown, Saratoga, :M onm outh, Sa\·allllnh, Charl estoll, Camden, King 's Mountain, Cowpens, Guiltord, Euta w and Yorktown.

T he mos t striking event connect ing the county with the war, was the location within its bounds of t he calllp for the Conventi on Troops, as they were called; that is, th e prisoners captured in Octobe r 1777, at Burgo yne's surrender.

These troops were first sent to Bos tou, whence they wt=re to be a ll owed to return to Emope au the ir parol e not 10 serve again till exchanged; but Congress on a ccount of its un~at­ isfactory relations with the Britis h authorities, ref u'ied to rati fy the terms of the Convention, and the next year direc ted the prisoners to be removed to Charlottesville . Bei ng led by way of Laucaste r , Pennsylvania, and Frederi ck , ~lary13Ild, they reached their new quarters about the firs t of the year 177 9 , a n d remained until October 1780. The camp was stationed on t he northern bank of Iv y Creek , all wh at is no w the farm of the late George Carr, and the pla ce has ever siuc(' borne the name of The Barracks. There remain some interesting reminisce nces of this episode of th e war, derived froUl contemporary documents.

Th e prisoners arrived in the winter, when a s pell of extremel y bitte r weather was prevailing . Such was the lack of preparation for their reception, and suc h thei r suffering..: , t hat numerous remonstrances were prEse nted by t b(.'ir officers to the Governor of the State, as we ll as to Congress. D~­ mand s were made for their ilUm ediate rem oval. In th is !'itate of affairs Mr. Jefferson wrote at mu ch length to l>atrick Henry , the Governor at that time, stating the circ liUl stances. an d urging tbat there was no necessi ty for a change Tbe letter, dated March 27th, 1779, is valuabl e for the interesting facts it preserves. I n the course of it be says, " The re could n ot have bee n a more unlucky concurrence o f circumstances than when these troops first came. The barracks were unfin ished for want of laborers, th e spe ll of weath er, the worst ever known within th e memory of mall, no

32

HISTOR Y OF ALBEMARLE

s tores of bread laid in, the roa ds by the weather and t he number of \-..'agons soou ren dered impassable; and not only th e troops themselves we re greatly disappointed, but t he people of the neighborhood were alarmed at the consequences which a total failure of provisions might produce. " T he barracks occupy the top and orOIN of a ver y high bill; you have been uutruly told they we re in a bottom.

Th ey are free fro m fog. have fonT spr ings w h ich seem to be plentiful, one with in twe nty yards of the picket, and anothe r w ithi n two lllludred and fifty; and they propose to sink wells within the picket. Of four t housand people it shou ld be expected according to the ordina ry calc u lations. that ODe should die eve ry day. Yet in the space of more than three months there have been hut four deaths, two infants under three weeks old, and two others by apople x y. T he officers tell me the troop s were never s o hea lt h y since t hey were emhodied.

"The mills on James River abovp. t he fa ll s, open t o canoe na vigatio n , are very many . Some of t hese are of great value as manufacturers. T he barracks are sur rounded by mills. 'I'here are five or six round about Cha rlo ttesvi lle.

Any two or three of the who le migh t in t he course o f the winter manufacture flour s uffi cient for the year.

"The officers after considerab le hardship h ave p r ocured quarters comfortable and satisfact ory to th em. I n order to do this. they were obliged in many inst a nces to hi re h o u ses for a year certa in, and at s ti ch e xorbita nt re nts as were suffi ¡ cient to tempt independent owners t o go out of t b e m , and shift as they could. These ho uses in mos t cases we re m uch out of repair. They have repaired the m at consid erable expense. Qne of the ge neral officers has take n a place for two years, advanced th e reut for the w h ole time, a n d been ohliged l1loreo\'er to erec t additiona l build ings for the accom modation of part of his family, for which the re was not rooUl in tne houst: rented. Indepe nden t of t he br ick work , for the carptlltry of thest! additiona l b uildings I know he is to pay 6ftt:clI hundred dollars. The sa me gentleman to my k now ledge has paid to Qne persall thirty-s ix hundred and seve n ty

â&#x20AC;˘

I

IIISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

33

dollars, for different articles to fix himself commodiously.

They have generally laid in toeir stocks of grain and other provI sions. They have purchased cows, sheep, &c . , set in to farming, prepared their gardens, and have a prospect of Quiet and comfort before them .

"To turn to the soldiers. The environs of the barracks are delightful, the ground cleared, laid off in hundreds of gardens, each enclosed in its separate paling; these are well prepared, and exhibiting a fine appearance. General Riedesel alone laid out upwards of two hundred pounds in garden seeds for the German troops only . Judge what an extent of ground these seeds would cover. There is little doubt that their own gardens will furnish them a great abundance of vegetables through the year. Their poultry, pigeons and other preparations of that kind present to the mind the idea of a company of farmers, rath er than a camp of soIciie rs.

In addition to the barracks built for them by the public, and now very comfortable, they have built great numbers for them se lves in such messes as fanc ied each other; and the whole corps, both officers and men, seem now happy and satisfied with their situation."

Besides thi~ narrative of :M r. Jefferson , there is extant an account ot the Barra cks , and of the condition of affairs in the surrounding country, in the publisbed letters of ;\lajor Thomas Anbury, a British officer, and one of the prisoners.

These letters were despatched from time to time to his friends in England, and exhibit a detail of his experiences and observations, from Burgoyne's march from Canada till near the close of the war. They were written in a free, dashing style, and while hi s descriptions are sprig htly and entertaining, they present things j,n such aspects and colors as would natura ll y be expected from, a British point of view. Most of those written from A [bemarle were dated at Jones 's Plantation, and the circumstances' to which he refers make it evident that the place was that of Orlando Jones, situated north of Glendower, 2nd now bearing the name of Refuge. Respecting matters concerning the prisoners, hI: writes, "On our arrival at Charlottesville, no pen can describe the ,

-0

.!

34

11 I STOR Y O F ALBEM ARL E

scene of misery and conlusio n t hat e n sue d ; t he o ffi cer s o f t be first and second hr igades we re in t he law n , a nd o ur ar r iva l added t o thei r d ist ress. 'r his fa m o u s pl ace we had b eard so m uch of, cousist ed on ly o f a courthou se, oue ta vern , and about a dozen h ouses. all of wh ich we re cro wded wi th officers; those of our brigade \"\'ere the refo re ob l iged to ri de about the cou ntr y, a nd e utrea t the inh abita nt s to ta ke us in .

As to the Olen, t he ir si tu atio n w as trul y horr ib le, afte r th e hare shifts they had expe ri e nced in thei r 111arch fr o m the Potomac . T hey were, in stead o f co m fo rt able b arrac k s. cou d ucted in to a wood, w i1ere a fe w log hut s we re jus t beg u n t o be built, the most pa rt not covered over , a n d all of th e m full of snow. These they were obl iged t o clea r o u t a nd cove r over , to secure t he msel yes from t he incl e me ncy ofthe weat he r as s oo n as they could, and in t he co urse of two or th ree days rendered a habitable , but by 11 0 m eans a comfort ab le , retilellle nt. \ \,hat added greatl y to the di st ress o f the Ul e n w as t he wa nt of provisio ns, as no ne had as ye t arr ived fo r th e troo ps , a nd for six days Ibeys u bsisted on the m ea l of I ndia n corn made into cakes. T he pe rso n who had th e m a n agem e nt o f e ve r yt hing, info rmed us t hat we we re not e x pected t ill sp ring. " Never was a cou nt r y so dest itu te of every com fo r t. P rovisions were not t o be purcbased. fo r t e n days; the officer s subsiskd upo n fat por k a nd In dia n corn made iuto cakes , nol a drop of spirit o f ally kiud; w h at l ittle th e re had bee n , was already cons u med by the fi rst a nd second b rigades. )lany officers to comfort t he m se lves put red pep pe r into watt!r to drink hy way of cor d ial. U po n a re prese n tation o f our !oituatioll by Brigadier Gc ne r alll a m ilt oll to C olo nel Bl a nd , who commanded the American troops, hc p ro m ised to ma ke the situation of tbe men as com fo r ta b le as possib le . a nd w it h alll:xpeditiCJIl. T he officers upo n sig uin g a pa ro le m ight go to Richmond and other adjacent to wn s, to p roc ure the msel ves quarters; accordingly a pa ro le was s igned , wh ic h allon路ed a circuit of lI(:ar ~ hundred Ill iles. An d a fte r th e y h ad draw n lots , as three were to remain in the ba rra ck s w ith the me n, or at Charlottesvi ll e, the pr inc ip al pa r t of the m set off fo r Richmond, whlle ma ny a re at plant ations t wen t y or th irty

\

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

35

miles from the barracks. On t he arrival of the troops at Charlottesville, the officers what with vexation and to keep out the cold, drank rather freely of an abominable liquor called peach brandy, which if drunk to excess, the fumes rai se an absolute delirium, and in their cups several were guilty of deeds that would admit of no apology. The inhabitants must have thought us mad. for in the course of three or four days there were no less than six or seven duels fought.

"1 am quartered with )Objor Master and four other officers of our regiment at this planta tion, about twenty miles from the barracks. The owner has given up his house and gone to reside at his overseer's, and for the use of his house we pay him two guineas a week. It is situated upon an eminence' commanding a prospect of near thirty miles around it, and the face of the country appears an immense forest, interspersed with various plantations four or five miles dis tant from each othe r . Informing the Commissary of provisions whr;re we were quartered, he gave us an order on a Colonel Coles, who resides about fou r miles distant, to supply us, he being appointed to co llect for the use of Congress in thi s district; who upon application sent us about a month's provi sion of flour amI salt pork for ourselves and servants.

Cattl e, horses, sheep and hogs followed the cart, to lick the barrels containing the salt meat.

"The house where General Phillips resides is ca lled Blel!heim. It was erected shortly after that memorable battle by a Mr. Carter, Secretary of the Colony, and was his ÂŁa\"orite seat of residence. It stands on a lofty eminence, com manding a very extensive prospect. Colonel Carter, its present proprietor, possesses a most affluent fortune, and has a variety of seats surpassing Blenheim, which he suffers to go to ruin. \Vhen General Phillips took it, it was crowded witll negroes, sent to clear a spot of ground a few miles off. The extent of his land is immense, and he has fifteen hundred negroes on his different plantations.

"The Congress must be acquitted of the bad treatment of the prisoners; they were misguided and duped by a Colonel

36

B I STOR\" O F ALIHi l'tlAR LE

H arvi e. a mem her fr om III is prov ince. " ' hen Vir~inia was fi xed o n as a de pot for th e pri soners, Colonel Harvie proposed to Cong ress t o re mo,'e t he Conve nt ion a rmy to a tract of la n d belongi n g to him , abo u t six mi les froUl Charlottes v ill e, a ho ut four from t be Blue Mou ntai ns, and near two h u nd red from t he sea coa s t ; a nd if Congress approved , be wou ld e ngage to huild b a rra ck s a ud lay in prov is io ns by the c nStllll g spr in g. The re solution was pa ssed the la tte r e nd of Ju ne. Coionei ll a r\, ic immediate ly res orted t o V ir g iuia . and set all h is negroes , and a nu m ber of t he inh ab itants, to b uild t he barrack s a nd co llect pro\' isi ou s; and a ft e r h a\' iug planned e\"( r}'t b ing. he left its c011lplet iou t o t he manage ment of his brother , a nd re t u rn ed to Congre ss . Hi s brother n ot possessi ng so m uch act i" ity , and not being pe rh a ps s o muc h illlefl's led ill th e h u si nes s. did n ot pay proper atte nt ion to it; aucl t his was the cau se why the h a rracks were not fin is hed. an d aff airs we re in s uc h co n fu s ion au our a rr ival. Colone l H a r vie s up posed a ll would be ready by C hris tma s .

"Colo nel Blan d. w ho commands the Am e r ican troops, was former ly a ph ys ici an at a place call ed P eters burg on the J ames R i,-er . b ut at the comme nce m e nt o f the war , as being in !'oto me way related to Bland, w ho wrote a military treati se, he (('It a lIIart ia l s pirit arise wit h in h im , qu itted the E scu!apian a rt , and at his own expen se rai sed a reg ime nt of lig ht horse.

A ... to t hose troo ps o( hi s reg ime nt w ith \ Va s h ing ton 's army, 1 cannot s a y a ny t hing; hu t the two the Colonel ha s with him hue fo r th e purposes of e xpress an d a tte ndan ce , are t he lIlo ... t {'mious fi g ures yo u eve r s a w ; some like Prince Prettyman with aile hoot , othe r s witho u t a ny ; so me baseless , with t l:t路ir fc.-t路t pee p ing o ut o f the ir s hoes, oth e rs with breeches t hat Jlllt dt-cency to th e blu s h ; s om e in s h ort jac kets . and omt" In 10llg ("oalS , h ut all have fine d ragoon caps, and long . word ...... lulIK a rou nd the m ; som e w ith hol s te rs, s OlDe with路 ou t , Im l , KrallH' rcy, p is to ls , t hey h ave n ' t a bra ce and a half among t hcm; hut th e y a re to lera bly w ell mounted, a nd thn t is t ht- on ly th ing yo u can adv ance in tbeir favor. Tbe Colonc.路1 is so fond o f hi s dragoo ns . that he rev ie ws aod llIaneun: r. thcllI e ve ry m orni ng, and when he rides out, has

HISTORY OF ALBE:UARLE

37

t wo witb drawn swords before, and two behind. It is really laugbabJe to see him thus attended by his ragged regiment, which looks , to borrow Sha kespeare's idea, as if the gibbets had been robben to make it up; then .th e Colonel him self. notwith standing his martial spirit, has all the grave deportment as i{ he were going to a consultation. He grea tl y amused some of us calling t o see him not long since. He had just mounted his horse to ride out. and seeing us approach, and wishing to air his French. he ca lled out ve ry pompou sly to his orderly, 'Donna 1lloi-dolmez 1ltoi-citm on scabbar dl' ') In ,M ay 1779, he wrote, "A few dcl ys ago :i \1adame Riedesel, [who with her husband. Baron Riedesel, was li vi ng at Collt:=, near Simeon] with two of her children, had a narrow escape. As she was going to the barracks in her post chaise, when the carriage had passed a wooden bridge-which are of themselves very terrific, being only so many wugh logs laid ac ross beams. without any safeguard on either side-an old rotten pine fell directly between the horses and the chaise, but providentially did no other damage than cru~hing the two fore wheels to pieces, and laming one of the horses. " I am filled with sorrow at being obliged to relate the death of \\1-, a relative of Si r Watkin \Villiams 'Vynne. , H e had been drink ing peach brandy till he became insane; and rid ing from Charlottes v ille to the barracks, he contrived to esca pe his companions. and next morning was found dead in a by 路 place five miles off, being tracked uy the foot -prints of his horse in the snow."

From the Barracks, to which he had rem oved in th e early part of 1780, he wrote later. " T he log huts of the men are becoming dangerous from the ravages of insects, that bear the appellation of Sawyers. and are infested with rats of enormous size. The pri so ners are desert ing in great numbers, especially the Germans, ann d uels have become very frequ ent among the German officers."

On November 20th, 1780 , he wrote from Winchester, "About six weeks ago we marched from Charlottesville

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38

HISTORY OF ALBI-;MARLF.

barracks, Congress being apprehensive that Cornwallis in overrunning the Carolinas might by forced marches retake the pri so ners. The officers murmured great ly at the step, having been given to understand that they were to remain till exchanged. io,[any had laid out considerable SUtllS to render their huts comfortable, particularly by replacing the wood chimneys with s tone, and to promote association, they had erected a coffee house, a theatre, a cold bath, &c.

My mi serabl e log hut, not more than sixteen feet sq uare, cost between thirty and forty guineas in erecting. The woods had been cleared away for the space of six miles in circumfe rence around the barracks. It had become a little town, and there being more society, most of the officers had resorted thither.

After we quitted the barracks, the inhabitant!> were near a week in destroying the cats that were left behind; impelled by hunger, they had gone into the woods, and there was reason to suppose they would become extremely wild and ferocious, and would be a greataunoya llce totheir poultry. \Ve crossed the Pignut Ridge, or more properly the Blue Mountain s, at Woods's Gap, and though considerably loftie r than those we crossed iu Connecticut, we did not meet with so many difficulties; in short, you scarcely perceive till you are . upon the s ummit that yOlt are gaining an eminence, much less one that is of such a prodigious height, owing to the judicious mann er that the inhabitants have made the road, -. whic h by it s winding re nders the ascent extreme ly easy.

After traveling near a mile through a thick wood before you gain the sum mit o f these mountains, when you reach the top, you are s uddenly su rprised with au unbounded prospect that strikes you with amazement. At the foot of the mountain run s a beantiful river; beyond it is a very extensive plain, interspersed with a variety of objects to render the scene s till more delightfu l; and about 6fty miles distant are the lofty Alleghany Mount ains, whose t ops are buried in the clouds."

As Anbury's work is out of print, it will no doubt prove acceptable to give a few extracts, in which are presented till.: co ndition of th e country , aud the state of society, as viewed by a st ranger occupyi ug hi s peculiar circumstances.

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HI STORY OF ALBElIAR L E

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" The plantations a re scattered here and there over the land , w hich is thickly covered with timber. On these there i5"a dwe ll ing house in t he centre, with kitchen, smoke house. an d ot her outhouses detached, and from the various build ings each plantation has the appearance of a small village .

At some li ttle distance frolll t he houses are peach and apple orchards, and scattered over the plantations are the negroes' bu ts . and tobacco barns, which are large and built of wood for t he cure of that article. The houses are most of them b u ilt of wood, the roof being covered with shingles, and not .al ways lat hed and plastered within; only those of the bet te r sort a re finished in that manner. and painted on the outside; t he chilllneys are often of brick, but the generality of t he m are wood, coated on the inside with clay; the windows of t he be tter sort are g lazed, the rest have on ly woode n sh u t¡ ters.

"All t averns and public houses in Virginia are called O rdinaries, and 'faith, not improperly in general. They consist of a little house placed in a solitary situation in the m iddle of t he woods. and the usual method of describing the roads is, From such an ordinary to such a one, so many m iles. T he en tertainment you meet with is very poor indeed; you a re ~e l dom able to procure any othe r fa re than eggs and bacon with I ndian hoe cake, and at many of them not even th a t . T he only liquors are peach brandy and whiskey.

T hey are not remiss however in making pretty exorbitant cha rges. Before th~ war, I was told. one might stop at any plantation, meet with the most courteous treatment, and be suppl ied with everything gratuitously. Gentlemen hearing of a stranger at an ordinary, would at once send a negro w it h an iuvitation to his house. " Most of the planters consign the care of their plantations an d negroes to an overse~r; even the man whose house we rent has his overseer, though he could with ease superintend it himself; but if they possess Ol few negroes. they think it be nea t h their dignity; added to which, they are so abominab ly lazy. I' ll give you a sketch of this man's general way o f li vi ng.

H e r ises about eight o¡clock, drinks what he

40

HISTORY OF ALBrti\JARLE

calls a jule p, which is a large glass of rum sweetened with sugar, then walks, or more gener ally rides, r ound hi s plantati on, views his stoc k, inspects his crops, and return s about t eu o'clock to breakfa~t o n cold meat or b am, fried hominy. toast and. cide r ; tea and coffee are se ldom tasted but by t he women. H e th en sauuters about the house, som etimes amu si ng him self with the little negroes who are pl aying roun d the door, or else scr aping on a fiddle. Abou t twelve or one be d rinks a todd y to c rea te him a n appetite for di n ne r , whic h he sits down to at two o'clock. After he has dined he ge nerally lies down on th e bed, ri ses about five. then perhaps sips some tea with hi s wife, bllt cO lUlU only drinks tod dy till bed tim e ; during all this time he is neither drnnk nor sohe r, but in a s tate of stupefa ction. This is his u s ual m ode of liv ing which be seldom varies ; and he only quits hi s plantat ion to atte nd the Court HOllse on court davs, or sO lUe horse race or cock fight , at which times he gets so egregioU.:;:ly drunk, that his wife sends a can pie of negroes to co nduct him sa fe horne.

"Thus the whole management of the plantation is left to the ove rseer, who as an encou r agement to make th e mos t of th e cr ops, gets a certai n portion as hi s wages; but having no interest ill the negroes any further th a n their la har, he drives and whips them about. and works them beyond their strength , sometimes till they expire. He feels no loss 'in their death, be knows the plantation mu st he suppli ed, and hi s humanity is esti mated by hi s inte rest, whi c h ri ses always above fret'ziug point. It is the poor negroes who alone work hard. and I am sorry t o say, fare hard. Inc redible is the fatigue wh ich th e poor wretches undergo, and it is wonderful tb at n ature should be able to support it. There certainly IllUst be somethin g in their constitutio n as well as their color different from us, that e na b les them to end ure it. They are called up at daybreak, and se ldom allowed to s wallow a mouthfu l of hom iny or hoecake, but are draw n out into the field irnm ed iately , where th e y co ntinue at hard labor without intermissio n till noon, wh e n they go to tb e ir dinuers, and are seld om allowed all hour for that purpose , Their meal consists of

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HISTORY OF ALBEMAR L E

41

hom iny and salt, and if their master is a man of humanity, touched by t he finer feeling!, of love and sensibility, he allows them twice a week a l ittle fat, skimmed milk, rusty bacon and salt herring to relish this miserable and scanty fare. The man of this plantation in lieu of these. grants his negroes an acre of g rouud, and all Saturday aftt::rnoons, to raise grain and poultry for themselves. After they have dined. the) return to labor in the field till d usk in the evening. H ere one natura ll y imagines the daily labor of these poor creature~ was over. Not so. T hey repair to the tobacco houses whe re each ha s a task of stripping allotted, which takes up some hours, or else they have such a quantity of I nriian corn to hu sk; and if they neglect it, they are ti ed u p in t he morning, and recei ve a num ber of las hes from those unfeelin g mon sters , the overseers, whose masters suffer them to exercise their brutal authority without rest raint. Thu s by the ir nigh t ta sk it is late in the evening before th ese poor creat ures return to thei r second scanty meal , and the time taken up at it encroac hes upon their hours of sleep, wh ic h for refreshment of food and sleep together can never be reckoned to e xceed eight. \Vhe n they lay themselves down to rest, thei r com forts are equally m isemb le and lim ited; for th ey sleep on a bench or on the g round, with an old scanty blanket , which sen'es them at once for bed and cove ring. T heir clothing is not less wret ched, consisting of a shi rt and trousers of coarse , thin, hard. hempen s tuff in tu e SUlllmer, with an ad dit ion of a very coarse woolen jacket, breeches and shoes in winter. But since the wa r the masters, for th ey ca nn ot get the clothing as usual, s uffer th em to go in rags, and many in a state of nudity. The female slaves share labor and repose just in the same manner, except a few who are ter med house negroes, and are employed in household drudgery. These poor creatnres are a ll subm issive to injuries and in sult s , and are ob liged to be passive. The law directs the negro's arm to be cut off, wh o ra ises it against a white persoll. Notwithstanding this hum iliatin g state and ri g id treatment to which they are subject' they are devoid of ca re, contented and happy, blest with aneasy, satisfied disposition. They always carry out a piece

42

HI STOR Y OF ALBE)tARLE

of fire, and kindle one DeaT thei r w or k, let the weather be e\'er so hot and s ultry.

"There were, and s till are, three degrees of rank among the inhabitants, exci us i\'e of the negroes; b ut I am afraid the ad\"antage of distinction will ue\'cr exist again in this country, in the same manner it did before the commence me nt of hostilitie~.

The first class cO ll sis ts of gentleme n of the best families aud fortunes, which are Ulorc respectable and nUlll lTO llS here tban in auy other province. For the most part they ha\"e .b~ li be ral ed ucat ions, possess a thorough knOWledg~,O' ~~"'Orld, with great ease and freedo m in their manners and co nversation. Mauy of tb e m keep tbeir car 路 Tiages , have hand 50 mc se rvices of plate, and without ex ce ption lq::e p their studs , as well as sets of handsome ca rriage horses . . 'The second class co nsis ts of sllch a strange mixture of character. and of s uch various descriptio n s of occupation, being nearly half the inhabitants, that it is difficult to ascerta in their exact c r ite rion and leading feature. They are however hospitab le . generous and friendly; but for a want of a proper knowledg-e of the world, and a good edu cation. as well a~ from Iht:ir co ntinu a l intercourse with their shIves, onr wholll they a re accustomed to tyrann ize, with all their good quailties they are rude, fe roci ous an ll haughty, much addicted to g-am ing and dissipat ion , particularly horse racing and cock fighting. I n short. they form a most llllaccountahle comhinati on of qualities . directly op posite and contradictory,lIlany having the m s tHlllgely b le nded with the bt t and wor~l of prin ciples, many possessing elegant accomplishments a nd savage brutality; a n d notwithstanding all thi" inconsistency of character , uumbers are valuable meUlI,er.; of the com munity, a nd very fe w deficient in intellectual fac 11 it it:'s. "'rh e third class. which in genera l composes the greatest pall of mankind a rc fewer in Virginia in proportion to the inhahitunts, than perhaps in ally othe r country of the world; yelcvcI11hose who are rude. ill ibera l a nd noi sy, with a turhuicilt di~i'OSltioll, are generOlIS, kiDd a n d hospi tabl e. \Ve

H ISTORY OF ALBElIARLE

43

are in duced to imagine t here i!:j something peculiar in the cl im ate of Virgi n ia, that shou ld render all classes of so hospit ab le a disposi t ion. The lower people possess that impert inent c uriosity so disagreeable to strangers, but in no degree eq ual to the inhabitants of New England. They are averse to la bor , much addicted to liqllor, and wben intoxicated extre mely savage and revengeful. Their amusements are the s a me wi th those of the middling sort, with the add ition of box ing- m atches. " W e found many gentleme n of the province very libera l â&#x20AC;˘ an d hospit able to the British officers. amollg whom r may ment ion Messrs. Randolph, of Tuckahoe, Goode, of Ches terfi eld. an d Cary, of \Va r wick. I n conversing with the prisoners, they ca refu ll y refrain from politics. So warm and bigotted was t he prevailing spirit. that tbose wbo exercise 1 s uch co urtesy in curred much criticism and censure. Some went so fa r on this account as to threaten to burn Colonel Ra ndolp h 's mills. H e however treated the matte r with a n ea sy in depende n ce, offering on the other hand five huud:-ed pou nds for the discovery of those wl~o made the threat.

"There is a place ca lled Kentucky, whose soi l is ex¡ treme ly fru itful. and where an abundance of bu ff aloes is fo und . T he emigration of the people to that place is ama?ing, seek ing t hereby to escape the tyranny and oppressions of the Congress, and its upstart dependents. " In this neighborhood r visited Colonel \Valker , a mem ber of Congress, and found his home a hospitable house. but un pleasant. because the family chiefly co n versed on politics, t hough wit h ruoderation. His father is a man of strong understanding, though considerably above eighty years of a ge. H e freely declared his opinions of what Am eri ca woul d be a hundred years hence, and said th e people would reverence the resolution o f their fathers, and impr~ss the sam e fee l in g on their children, 50 th at they would adopt the same measures to secure the ir freedom, whi ch had been used by the ir brave ancestors. J' A s c:a n be seen by every in telligent reader , some of the infor mation Anbury received from others was erroneous, or

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B ISTORY OF .\LBE)IARL E

mi s understood, many of his observations were no doubt hastily formed, and all re lated to a country, a n d people, s uffering under tbe hardships of war, and were tin ctured by t he prejudices :lnd mortification of a vanqu ish ed enemy. Still his account is full of interest to those now living, inasmuch as it exhibits the \·jews of a young man of cleverness and eciuc3tiolJ, and especially of one wbo spent nearly two yea rs of that memorable era on the soi l of the cou n ty , a nd amo ng t he men who were then the cond uctors of its affa irs. Copies of bis Travels, as his book was ca lled, are now rarely to be found. ~ot long before the remova l of the prisoners, an unhappy tragedy occurred at the Barracks. J ames Garland, Jr., an officer of the guards, was killed by Lawren ce Mans field wh ile on duty as a sentinel. According to all the tradi ti ons con nected with the case, it wa s a jus tifiable h om icide. It was owing to a refusal to h a lt and give the connte rsign.

Tbe motive of Garland is differently explained. One ac· count rep rese nts him as desig nin g to test the competence and fidelity of the g u ard. Another version ha s it, that be wa s indulging a spiri t of fro li c. With a number of campau· ions he had been invited to an en tertainm ent in the ne ighbor· hood. As they mounted thei r horses, he announced t hat be would ha\'e a little fun with tbe sent ry. He preceded tbe others, and approaching the statio n was hailed. H e can· t inned to ride OD heedless of the warning . Th e sentinel raised his gun, and intended. as he sai d afterwards, to Gre above tbe offender; bu t just as t he gun wa s d isc narg ed, Carlanrl's horse reared, and the ball st ru ck the rider's head with fatal effect. lI is remains were b uri ed on bis farm so me miles west of Batesville. and but a few years ago hi s grave was pointed out near the cabiu of a negro, who ill the changes of the times had become the owner of the place.

The will of the uufortuuate lllall is au record, a n d from the serious spirit with which it is pervaded. one would judge that the first acco unt more probably indicates the reason of his conduct The 'l'arlctol1 Raid upon Charlottesville took place in June,

M I ST'OR Y OF ALBEMARLE

45

17 81. With t wo hund red aud fifty horse, the British comm a nder was passing Louisa C. H. at a rapid rate, whell tbey were seen by John Jouett, who at the time was a temporary so jou r ner at the place. Suspecting' their object. be leaped o n hi s horse . and being familiar with the roads he took the sh ortest cu ts. and soon left the enemy behind. lIe obtained a considerable advantage iu addition by the detention Tarleton under went a t Castle Hill, where he stopped for breakfast, and for t heca ptnre of several members of the> Legis lature who were v isi tin g Dr. \ Valker.

Meeting an acquaintan ce near Milton . he despatched him to Montice llo to waru Mr. Jefferson, who was then Governo r of the State. while he pu s hed o n to give the alar m at Charlottes\'ille. By this means the L egislat ure wh ich had just convened at that place. was noti fied in time to adjourn, and make a precipitate retreat t o Staunton. After a short inten'al Tarleton and his troop e ntered t he tow n . T hough disappointed in their main object, they remained a part of two days, and it is said destroyed a tho usa nd fire lock s. four h undred barrels of powde r . togethe r wi th a cons iderable quant ity of clothing and tobacco. The m ost im por tant as we ll as most useless waste they committed, was the destruct ion of th e pub lic records a lready mentioned - a great con t ras t t o t he orders give n t he officer detai led to Monti cello, to a llow nothing o n the premises to be injured .

It is stated tha t Capt ain J ohn Martin, a son-in路 law of old Dav id L e wis, was s ta t ioned in t he town with t wo hundred me n. H ad they been season ably apprised of the real state of t he case, t hey might have lai n in ambush in the gorge below Mont icello, a nd sent the enemy on their retufll more quickly th a n they ca me . But the suddenness of the alarm, the uncer_ t a int y res pecti n g t he numbers approac bing, and the wides pr~a d terror o f T a rl eto n'S naDle, probably led Captain Martin to think tha t t he most prudent course was to withdraw from the sce ne.

Whi le at Ch arlottesvi lle, Tarleton made bis headquarters at th e Farm, the residence of Nicholas Lewis . The storY is told , th a t in liv ing on the enemy, the British soldiers speedily ma de way wit h a fine flock of ducks belonging to :\lrs. Lewis,

46

HI STORY OF A J.BEl\IARLE

at the same time fo r some reaso n laying no hands on its nteran leader. \ \Then after T arleton's de part ur e she wa s informed of her loss, she promptl y ordered a sentallt to take the forlorn dra ke, aod r iding after the Colonel to present it to him with her compliments. Appreciating the co urteous irony of the act, the Colonel bade the se rv a nt present his mistress in return his profoundest thanks. It is also related. that ~rrs. Lewis was 110t as bitte r in her feelings towards the invaders of her country as the other members of her family, aud that the arlll c hair in which Tarleton sa t while an inmate of her house was eve r afte r cherished as all ob ject of specia l veneration.

As the bui ldings of C h arlottesvi lle were uot numero u s at that period, it is a question o f some interest wb ere the L ~g is足 lature held its sess ions. It is rathff singular that no auth('nt ic tradition in rega rd to it has bee n hand ed down. It has been claimed, that they convened in the tavern w hich stoo d on the corner of Market a n d F ifth S treet s, where t he City Hall now sta nd s. The same claim bas been made respecting the old Swan Tavern. Th e house, which is si tuated ill the rear of the la te T homas Wood 's . and which is s aid to have been re moved froIU the p u bli c s quare in front of th e cou rt house as a cottage of the Eagle T avern , ha s also been poi nted out as the building; but it is n ot like ly that the E agle Tave rn was bui lt as early as the Revolutionary War. Th e st rong probability is th at the co urthouse was the pla ce of their meeting. I t may have been this circu m s ia nce that brought Tarleton'S vengeance Oll its contents; and for nearly fift y years subsequent to that date, it a fford ed accoOllllodation to almost all the public assemb lies of the town, both civil and ecclesiastical.

The anecdote is recoun ted by the hi storia ns of Augu s ta County in regard to Patri ck H e nry flying with breathless ha~te, when a rumor of Ta rleton's a pproa c h c reated a panic in Staunton. Th e same s tory is told, witb the sce ne laid in Alhemarle, and a sturdy Scotc h Iri s h matron of the Blue Ridge !.cctioll as tbe great man's devoted admirer. The orator witb two companiolls in their fl ight to S ta un ton, alighted

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

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47

at a bouse near the Ridge to procure the means of refreshing their weary frames after th eir hard ride. The mother of the household, while superiotending a supply for their wants, le<trned that they were members of the Legislature, aud were escaping from the dreaded Tarleton. She eyed them with evident contempt , and at length declared her finn belief, that if Patrick H enry had been th ere. he never would have quai led before the foe. "\Vby, madam ," said one of his friends, laughing. "there is the man him self!" The announcement received no credit, till the silence of the distinguished fugitive brought about a reluctant as~enl. The looks of the woman betrayed her utter amazement, and she no do u bt t hought that things were indeed fast rushing to ruin, \v hen the ido l of ber trus t had so wofully failed.

I t seems there were owners of land in Albemarl e, whose sympathies ran on the Briti s h side dnring ti'e Re\·olntion.

Untier the law confiscating the property of such per50ns to the State, six inquisitions were held in the year 177 9 before Pet er ~ I arks, the public escheator. One of tbese referred to eight hundred acres of John Lidderdale on Buck ~Iountain Creek, and was held on the premises; another to Lot TwentyT wo in Charlottesville, on which the former Presbyterian Church stands, and which belonged to Robert Bain; another to seven and a half acres adjoining Charlottesville on tbe east, belonging to Donald Scott Co., the property afterwards owned by Judge Dabney Carr, and later the borne of Ira Garrett; botb of these inqui sitions were held in Charlottesv ille. Another referred to more than three thousand acres o n I vy Creek, and fifty· two negroes, the property of Fra !lcis J erdone, including the Fa r mington estate, and was h eld at th e house o f his stewa rd, James Garland, Jr.; another to two hu nd red acres on the south fork of Ha rdware, and the last to fou r h u nd red and fifty acres 011 James R iver, both tra cts be longing to Henderson, McCaul & Co., the inqui!)ition on the forme r being held on the premi ses , and that 011 the latte r at t he bouse of Charles I rving. In all these ca!)es the juries re n dered a verdict of condelllnation. Robert Baiu however appears t o have made his peace with the State, as in 171:11 the

s..

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HISTORY OF ALBElIIARI.E

L egislat ure by a specia l act restored h is estate, or mad e compensation for w b ateve r part bad been so ld , on condit ion of bis taking the oath of allegiance. Francis Jerdone too must in some way have made prope r amends in the public eye, as he himself sold the same prope rty to George Divers in 1785.

It lllay be int eresting to me utioll t he n ames of the jury which sat in Charlottesville: Jam es K err, foreman , James Marks.

Thomas Garth, Bennett H enderso n, Charles Lilburn Lewis, Beujamin Dod \Vb eele r , Ri chard \Voods, Ch a rles Statha m , John Key , Benajah Gent r y, I sha m L e w is, William Grayson and Jacob Oglesby. In t his connection it may be stated, that in August 1785 a deed from Th om as Meri weth er, heir-at -Iaw of Captain David :Vl eriwether, to Chiles T errell was ordered to be recorded, and a note was entered at th e s ame time. that the sa me deed had bee n presented at November Conrt 1777, but its recor d had bee n refused, because of the s n s picion th a t Mr. Terrell had not taken the oat h of all egi an ce. In all ages, such differences of opinion have occu rred in the trying ordeals of warm political s tri fe.

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

49

CH APT ER III. A weather-beaten stone lies near the cen tre of ~laple\Vood Cemetery in Charlottesville , inscri bed with the name of L eti tia Shel by, and the statement that she departed thi s life o n September 7th , 1777. '1'his Cemetery was not lai d out unt il 1831. Previous to that t ime families of the town were genera lly in the habit of interring their dead in their o wn lo t s. A public graveyard however is sa id to have e xi s ted on t he road to Coch ran' s 1\1 ill , abo ut whe re the residence of â&#x20AC;˘ D rury \Vood now stands, a nd from this place tbi s sto ne was rem oved after Maplewood was established . It is declared by d escendant~ of the Shelby fam ily , that this L et itia w as tbe wi fe of Genera l Evan Shelby, and mother of General Isaac Shelby, t he first Gove rnor of K entuc k y. A curious inquiry a ri ses bow she came to be in Charlotte svi lle , or in Albe m arle County, at the time of her death.

Eva n Sbelby was an immi grant from \Vales , a nd at firs t settled in Maryland, near Hagerstown . Th ere his so n Isaac w as b or n in 1750. I n the year li71 father and son were bot h in south western Virgin ia, in the neighborhood of Bri stol ; and t here the home of Evan Shelby continued to be during h is life . It is na t ural to suppose that his wife, whose ma ide n name was L eti t ia Cox, accompan ied them to the ir Dew home in t he Wes t. Whether she was visiting fri end s in Albemarle, o r w as passing through on a journey , at the peri od of her last sickness, it is perhaps impossible now to asce rtain.

B ut t he p lain, well prese rv ed inscriptio n on h er tombstone leaves no doubt that tbis vicinity was the place of her death.

A tradi t ion in t he Floyd family stat es, that about 1680 a Natha n iel Davis, who was al so a native of Wales, married a ch ild of Nickett i , a daughter of t he In dia n Chief. Opec hancanough, the brother of Powhatau. Robert Davis was a son of these pa rents, and an ancestor of J efferson Da vis, President of t he Confederacy; and a granddaughter of Robert Davis - 4

50

H IS'roRY OF ALBEMARLE

was the wife of Evan Shelby. Probability is len t to this accouut by the fact. that R obert Davis had a son named Samuel, who would thu s be the uncle of Letitia She lby; and Samue l Davis was the owne r of several tracts of lan d in Albemarle, on the north fork of Rockfish, all Green Creek, and on both sides of Moore's Creek, adjoining the Carter lands. At the time of her death, ).I T5. Shelby lllay have bee n visiting the fami ly of this man.

General George Rogers C la rk , thE" famous conqu e ror of the North West T erritory, first saw the light in Albemarle.

Hi s grandfather, Jon athan Clark, of King and Queen County, joined with Hi ckman, Graves and S m ith, as a lready men路 tio ned, in patenting more than thre~ thousand acres of land on the n orth side of the Rivanna. opposite the Free Bridge. ' In the division of this land, th e upper portion fell to Clark; and in a house si tu ated a short distance from the present reside nce of Captain C. 1\1. McMurdo, J ohn Clark, the son of J onathan, lived, and George Rogf'rs was born . The wife of John Clark , and mother of George, was Ann Rogers, a sister of Giles, George and Byrd Rogers, all of whom pas路 sessed land in Albemarle, in the Buck Mountain region.

The birth of George Rogers Cl ark occurred ill li52, and when he was about five years of age his father removed to Caroline, where a kinsman had devised to him a handsome ~st a te.

It is not known that in his active and eventful life, the G e nera l wa s ever again in the couuty of his birth but once . In the fall of 1777 he travelled from Kentucky to R ic hmond, to p rocure means for setting on foot t he expedi 路 tion t o Illinoi s, whi c h he had already cotl cei\'ed, and which b e carried out the next year. I-lis route hy through Cumbe rland G a p , and the Holston conntry. He ca m e down the Vall e y , and crossed the Blue Ridge at Rockfish Gap, or oue of th e g aps just above. lIe s tates in his diary that he spent the n ight at a :\[r. Bla ck 's, who wa~ b eyond question J a mes Bl ack , a so n of th e old Presbyterian mini ster, who ke pt a ta vern on the pla ce afterwa rd s owned by A lexa nder Garrett, and h is s on, Dr. Boll ing Garret t. On his way to Richmon d next day he passed through C h arl o ttesv ille . whele be tarried

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

51

long enough to purchase a pair of shoes. During this visit to Richmond he became acquainted with Mr. J efferson, and deeply impressed hilU with his vigorous and heroic qualities.

I n a letter Jefferson wrote to Judge Innes, of Kentucky, in 1791, he says, "\Vill it not be possib le for yOli to bring General Clark forward ? I know the greatness of his lUind, and am the more mortified at the cause which obscures it. Had not t h is uuhappi ly taken place, there wa s nothing he mig ht not h ave hoped; could it be surmounted, bis lost ground might yet be recovered. No man alive rated him higher than I did, and would again, were he to become again what I knew him. \Ve are made to hope he is engaged in writing the acco unt o f his expedition north of the Ohio. They will be valuable morse ls of hi story, and will justify to the world those who have told them how great he was. " William Clark, who was associated with Meriwet her Lewis in his e xploring tour across the Rocky Mountains, was a brother of George, but he was horn in Caroline in 1770.

Albemarle was the place of residence of Doctor Thomas Walker, one of t he most remarkable menof his day. \Vith his expedi t ious to southwest Virginia were connected some interesting a nd romantic facts of perso nal history. In t he co urse of t hese travels he made the acquaintance of William In gl is, who married a Draper, planted the firs t white sett le ment west of the Alleghanies at Draper 's Meadows, near the present site of Black sburg, and subseque ntly spent his remai ning days at I nglis's Ferry on New River. Ingli s and h is family s uffered the common penalty of those who led the way in peopling the wi lderness. His wife and chi ldren were captured by the Indians, bis wife marvellous ly escaped the sa me year, but his son Thomas was retained among them for a period of thirteen years. Bein g in the plastic season of childhood, the latter became so thoroughly inured to the ha bits of I ndian life, that it was difficu lt to break their power ; in fact, it never was wholly broken. However, when his fat he r pe netrated the remote forests of Ohio to effect bis ranso m, he seemed to feel the promptings of natural affection, and

J

52

HISTORV OF ALBEl\lARLE

returned with him to the old home. After being taught his native language, and the rudiments of learning, he was se nt to Castle Hill, and pla ced under Doctor 'Walkers's care.

H er~ he continued for three or fo ur years, and made consid路 erable progress in the elementary branches of education.

But here he was also brought under a spell, which softened him far more than all the end earments of parental love, and all the mollifying influence of letters. He fell in love with a young woman of the neighborhood named E leanor Grills.

A J ob n Grills in 1745 and s ubsequent years, became the owner by patent and purchase of more than two thousand acres of land in the coun ty, part of it lying all Moore 's Creek, wh ere he built a mill, and where one has continued ever sin ce, on the pre se nt site of Hartman 's J\1il1 . He was also the original purchaser of Lot Eighteen in the new county seat, the wes tern half of the square on which Lipscomb's stable stands. Although he seems to have sold his possessions in Albemarle about the time Th omas Ingl is came to the county, it is likely he continued to reside here or in Louisa, and that Eleanor was his daughter. At all events young In g lis, when he returned to his father's house in 1772, was bound to her by a promise of marriage. He was a Lieuten路 ant in Colonel Christian's reg-iment in the battle of Point Pleasant in 1774; and the next year, crowned with the lau 路 rels of s uccessfu l warfare, he returned to Albemarle. and secured the hand of hi s bride. He first set1led on \Volf Creek or New River; but unable to repress the roving disposition contracted during hi s so journ among the Indians, he soon removed to Burke's Garden, where in an incursion of the savages he nearly lost hi s wife, then to Knoxville, and finally to Natchez in Mississippi, where at length he closed his wanderings with the close of bis life.

Another inc ident of personal history may be noted, illustrat路 ing the p rog ress of the ea rly settle::nents, and the fortunes of individuals. As previously stated, a Dennis Doyle patented in 174l eight hundred acres of land on the north fork of Moorman 's River, and from him the stream acquired its name.

In 1749 Doyle co nveyed to William Battersby, the lawyer, a

HISTORY OF

ALBE~IARLE

53

tract of four hundred acres on Biscuit Run, another of four h nndred in North Garden, and another of eight hundred on T ot ier Cn::ek . He appears to have been a man of means, a nd to have been still l iving in the county in 1760: as in th at yea r was born within its limits John Doyle, who was in a ll p robability a son of Dennis. At the age of eighteen, J ohn accompanied the march of General George Rogers Clark in to the ~orth \Vest Territory. Returning to Albt'lllarle, he joined the army, and served to the close of the Revolut ionary \Var. The year after the surrender at Yorktown, he was a private io Colonel Crawford ' s disastrous expedition against the Ohio Indians, but fortunately got back to the settl eruents in safety. In 1786 he went to Kentucky near Maysvi lle, was a friend of Simon Kenton,and fortbree yea rs occ u pied t he post of captain of scouts on the Ohio River.

H e was in service with General Harmar in 1790, and under Scott with General \Vayne in 1794. He then settled in what is now Lewis County. Kentucky. where he discharged tbe duties of a magistrate for more than twenty years. But his active and adventurous life was not yet ended. In 1813 he enlisted a gai n under General Shelby, and took part in the battle of t he Thames. He survived until May 1847, having nearly compl eted h is eighty-seventh year, ~nd blest with the vigorous exerc ise of his powers to the end. In all his long life he was se ldom sick, and in all his exposure to peril he was never wounded.

T he depreciation in t he paper money of the country at the close of the Revolution. was apparent in the enormous prices paid for land. One hund:-ed acres ill the southern part of the cou n ty , not far from Heard's Mountain, sold for five thousand po un ds, fifty acres on Buck Mountain Creek for four tho usand, and a hunored and eighty-eight acres on ~Ioorman ' s River for six thousand. Samuel Dedman sold to James L ewi s te n ac res on the Ragged ~lountains beyond tht! University, for ten t housand pounds, while Samuel Muse sold to And rew Monroe, a brother of the Presid~nt, two hundred and seve n ac res at the head of Mcchuw's River for twenty thousand , the same t rac t which two years before, also ill war tiwes,

54

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

brought eight hundred and thirty , and which sixteen years before, with two hundred acres in addition, brought only thirty-five. At the same time J o hn Curd sold to John Coles two hundred acres fOJ fifty pounds "hard money, " and Matthew :-'liIl 5, of Guilford County, North Carolina, sold to 'ViJliam Leigh five huudred and seventy-five acres, not far east of the r.liller School, for two hundred pounds sterling.

All thesI! s ales took place the latter part of 1781. The story is told by tradition, that George Divers rode from Philadelp\:lia to Albemarle. and broke down five borses ill the ride, to purchase F armington with paper money. and that the PUfchase had scarcely been consummated when the m ouey became worthless; but a s this transfer did not occur t ill 1785, the story may admit of some doubt.

A large part of the bu si ness of the County Court immediate y afte r the Revolution consisted in certifying to bills for supplies furnis hed the army and the Barracks pri so ners, to the va lue of a rticles taken for public u se, and to pensions for soldiers disabled in the service. The location of the prison camp in the county proved a great pecuniary benefit to the inhabitants . From a lon g distance in the surrounding country they carried thithe r, and to the different places where the offi cer s lodg-ed , Quautities of corn, flour, meal, beef, pork and wood . In the prostration of business, and the consequent bard times occasioned by a sta te of hostilities, the demand for these comm odi ties afforded a convenient market, of which most ot her parts of t he cou ntry were destitute. It is said that Colonel \Villiam Cabell mainly paid for the fine Oak Hill estate in Nelson with the various kind s of produce furni shed the Barra ck s, the land having been confiscated because the former owners were alien ene m ies. Colonel John Coles was allowed three hundred po und s for horses taken hy Baron Steuben. Ua s tings )'hrks received remuneration for horses and wagons employed in the serv ice. Joseph Morton was allowed five pound s, six s hilliug-s, and eight peuce for his gun, " taken for the militia in 1781," and Edmund Woody wa s recompensed for hi s , "taken during the late invasion."

Captaiu J ohn ~ [ artill was awarded an allowance for conduct-

HISTORY OF ALBEMA R LE

55

iog the Conve ntion troops , that is, the Barracks pdsoners, to Frederick, Maryland . Th e detachments of the army men路 tion ed as h aving been supplied in this vicinity, were Baron Steuben 's Command, Colonel Armand's Legion, and Captai n Walke r's Company. Joh n Burton and Richard :'-.Iarshall were assigned pensions at the rate of forty dollars a year.

For th e purpose of establishing proper lines of inheritance, it was certified that Charle s Goolsby, corporal , and J ames and Joh n Goolsby, privates, died in the service, Cha rles and James having been taken prisoners at Germantown, and that \Villiam H a rdin was kille.j at Ninety Six, and J oh n Gillaspy , of the Ninth Virginia, at Germantown.

The statute g"uaranteeing religious freedom having bee n enacted , the law which required a ll marriages tv be solem nized by min isters of the established Church was abolished, and the courts were authorized to license mini sters of a ll denominat ions to perform that ceremony . In accordance wi t h this p rovision , \Villiam I rvin, Presbyterian, was licensed t o celebrate the rite in 1784, and Matthew ~'1aury, Episcopali a n, and \Villiam Woods, Benjamin Burgher and Martin Dawson , Baptists, the next year. T he first Methodist minister mentioned as receiving snch a lice nse, was Athanasius Thomas. who li ved near th e present site of Crozet. This occurred in 17 93, and was followe j in 1797 by th e licensing of \Villiam Calhoun, Presbyterian. and John Gibson. Methodist. J ohn Shepherd, Methodist, was licensed in 1798.

The migratory s pirit which cha racterized tbe early settlers, wa s rapidly developed at this period. Removals to other parts of the co untry had begun some years be fore the Revo lution. The direction taken at fir st was towards the South.

A numerous body of emigrants from Albemarle settled in North Carolina. After the war many emigrated to Georgia, but a far g reater num ber hastened to fix their abodes on the fertile lands of the West , especially the blue grass region of Kentucky. For a t ime the practice was prevalent on the pa rt of those expecting to change their domicile, of applying to the County Court for a formal recommendation of characte r, and certifi cates were given, declaring t hem to be honest me n

56

â&#x20AC;˘

\

HISTOR\' OF ALBEMARLE

and good citi;:ens. Among those who were thus co mmended to the people of Georgia, were J'lwes Marks, olle of the magistrates. Abraham Eades, William Sandridge, Christopher Clark, Bennett Henderson, and \Vi lli am and Samuel Sorrow. James !>.larks was n ot long after followed by his brother, Colonel John ~larks, who removed during hi s incumbency in the office of She riff . An act of the Legi slature was passed in November 17R8. which recited that no sale of lands in Albemarle County delinquent fortaxes for the years 1786 and 1787. was legally possible. because of John Mark s.

Sheriff of said counly, removing some time within those years to Georgia, and which therefore authorized William Clark, Qne of his deputies, to make s uch sales.

The increasing business of the colonies, the desire to develop their resources, and perhaps the threate ning aspect of their relation~ with the mother country, led to early efforts to manufacture iron in this co unt y. Three me n from Balti¡ more, Nathaniel Giles, John Lee \Vebster , and John Wilkinson, bought land for this purpose in the lat ter part of 1768.

Giles and \Vebster disappear after the first purchase. The next year Wilkinsou was joiued by John Old, from Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, a ud they Illlde furt her purchases along the Hardw are in the vicinity of Nort h Gar(~en and the Cove.

Iu 1771 the Albemarle Furnace Company was formed, with a capital of two thousand pounds, the following gentlemen being <;tockholrlers, James Buchanan to the amount of three hun dred pounds, Dr. \VilIiam Cabell of two hundred, Colonel William Cabell of two hundred, Josepb Cabell of one hundred, Edward Carter of three hundred, Allen H oward of two hundred, Thomas Jefferso n of one hundred, Nicholas Lewis of one hundred, Johu Scott of one hun dred, J ohn Walker of oue hundred, and Dr. Thomas Walker of three hundred. Larger areas of mineral land were purchased on the lower ll:udwa re, and among the Ragged l-oioulltains. As far as can be ascertained, three furnaces were built, onc about a mile below Carter's Bridge, giving to a colonial church erected near by tbe name of tbe Forge Cburch, another where the old Lyncbburg Road crosses the

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

57

north fork of Hardware, long known as Old's F orge, and the t bird on the south fork of Hardware below the Falls, and sout h o f Garland's Store. The last still remain s ill a tolerab le sta.te o f preservation, though covered with a tbick g rowt h of bushes and small trees. L oca l traditions yet linge r , that ore was excavated near North Garden and the Cove d uri ng the Revolutionary War. .Mr. Jefferson states in his Notes, that among the iron mines worked in V irginia at t he ti me of their composition, wa s "Old's, on the north side o f J ames R iver in Albemarle." The enterprise however appear s not to have been successful. Colonel Old soon became a fa rmer, instead of an iron - master . A suit instituted in the Cou nt y Court under the style of Cabell v. \Vilkinson to wind u p the a ff airs of the Compa n y, was determined in 1796, and Andrew Hart and Samuel Dyer as Commissioners made sale of a ll t he lands, Nicholas Cabell becoming the purchaser.

Of a ll t he mines opened by Wi lk in son and Old, the ouly one now re ma iuinÂŁ, is that known as the Betsy Martiu Mine in Cook's Mou ntain , near North Garden; and thougb its are see ms ric h and plentiful, it has 110t been worked for a number of ye ars, because of some fore ign ingredien t which impairs its uti lity.

In 1789, and tbe years succeeding, an eager ambition was manifested to bui ld up towns id the county. At the first me ntio ned date an act of the Legislature was passed, vesting one h u ndred acres of the land of Bennett H enderson at a place o n t he Rivan na called the Shallows, in Wilson C. Nicholas, Fr ancis W alker, Edward Carter, Charl es L. L ewi s, William Cl ar k . H owell Lewis and Edward Moore. to be laid out as a town , a nd sold in half acre lots, and to be called Milton.

More tha n twen ty lots were sold in the nex t leu years. Tbe first disposed of was bought by. Christian \Vertenbaker , and am ong othe rs who became lot holders were Joel Shiflett.

Edw a rd Butler , Richard Price. James and Jobn Key, William Cl ark , J acob Oglesby, George Bruce and J ose ph J. Monroe.

The village was soon in a thriving state, rapidly growing, and transacti ng a prosperous business. Up to the war of 1812 it was \he ch ief comme rcia l centre of the county. Except in

58

II ISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

time of freshets, it was the bead of navigation on the Rivanna, and became the s hipping port of perhaps threefourths of the caunty, and of a large section of the Valley, Some who have but recently been gathered to their fathers, could remember the long lines of wagons that formerly passed over Swift Run and Brown's Gaps, and crossed the South \Vest :M ollutaill at Hamlllock's ( Thurman 's) Gap, bringing their loa ds of grain, l10ur and tobacco to the warehouses of the newly erected town. The b rook on the north side of the river, which at fi rst bore the romantic Dame of l\'l ountain Falls Creek, became at tbis time Camping Branch, from the multitude of wagoners who camped witb their teams along its banks. 1\'l i1ton was the seat of a public Tobacco \Varehouse, called Henderson's, long after the H enderson family had removed to Kentucky, and regularly equipped witb a corps of ins pectors; for many years William D. Fitch, Jacob Oglesby, John Fagg and Richard Gambell discharged the fun ction s pertaining to that office. A large merchant mill was also erected by the Hendersons. A num ber of firms conducted the trade of the place, and in some cases laid the foundation of large fortunes; among these were Fleming and McClanahan, H ende rson and Conard, Peyton and Price, Divers, Rives & Co., Browu,Rives & Co., .M artin Dawson, William and Julius Clarkson, David Higginbotham & Co . lts business graduall y declined as Charlottesville grew; and wh en the town of Scottsville was established, and the site of the University fixed near the county seat, its prestige was completely broken, and it quietly subsided into the straggling haml et which now crowns the river hill.

About the sa me time Warren was projected by Wilson C. Nicholas on James River, at the mouth of Ballenger's Creek.

A few lots were sold and a few houses built. An extensive mill and distillery were erected and carried a u for some years

by Samuel S!:lCItOIl & Co. A large stone tavern was built by Jacob Kinney, afterwards of Staunton, rented for some time, and finally sold to William Brown, under whose management it made a promine nt figure in its day. At this village was located anoth(,r Tobacco \Varehou seca lled Nicholas'~, which

HISTO RY OF A L BEMAR L E

59

in t he ea rl y pa r t of the century shipped abo ut as many hogs路 he ads as Henderson ' s. T he first inspectors were Clifton Ga rland, Abraham Eades, Samuel Childress , Robert Moor 路 ma n and J ohn T. H olman. Beyond these enterprises Warren never made much progress.

A bout t he beginning of the century pla ns were outlined for four othe r towns , of wh ich even the memory ha s perished fro m amo ng men. One wa s North :\lilton, laid out by T homas Ma nn Randolph on the n orth side of the R iva un a , opposite Mi lton. It was es tabli s hed by the L egislature and pl aced in t he hands of trustees. Th ose appointed to tbat o ffice were Franc is Walker, \Vil! ia m D. Meriwether, Edward Moo re, J ames Barbour, \Villiam Bac he, George Dive rs, H are: Brouse Tr ist, Edward Garland and David Higgin botha m.

It appears the only lot ever sold was L ot num bered Ei g ht . a nd that was conveyed to John Watso n in 1802 . Still another T ob acco \Varehouse was estab lished here , and for a sho rt period conducted under the sa me inspection that had the o versig h t o f the warehouse at Milton. But the pl ace was o ver sbadowed by its neighbor across the river, and from all in dications , never had w ore than a name .

The ot her t h ree attempts were private s pecul at io ns.

Tra vell ers' Grove , a name suggest ive o f refres hment and re pose, was plan ned by Colone l J ohn Everett at the junction of wha t are now known as the L ynchburg and th ~ T ay lor's Gap Roads . Four lots formally numbe red, but apparently u nma rked by improvements of any k ind, were so ld to a Paul Apple , and subsequently underwent two oth er tran sfe r ...

T here thei r history terminates. Not long afte r Colo nel E verett disposed of the envi ro ns of the new t own, and removed to Cabell Connty. He was succeeded in the possession of Tra vellers' Grove b y Jam es Kin sol vi l1g, Jr. , in whose time the name was changed to Pl ea sant Grove. In later years t he place was purch ased by the 1-1ethodist c hurches of the adjacent circuit for a parsonage, and though belrl now by other ha nds, it still goes in the ne igh borh ood by th at narue.

An other of these mushroom creations was New York, or a s it was colloquially sp oken of, Litt le York. It was estab路

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UI STORY 01'" ALBEMARLE

lished by James Ha ys at the foot of the Blue Ridge. a few hundred yards north of the present road to Staunton. At the t ime it wa s laid o u t . the road passed along its m ai n street. Like Charlottesville it was divided into lots and ou t lot s. Its first inhabitants we r e for t he mos t p art Germans frolU Pe un sy lva nia . Greegors, Spieces, Hallers. Land crafts.

It s manufactories were a s mith '5 shop, and a la ny ard. It wa s once the seat of a postoffice, an d had a meeting bouse.

More t han that, it had a place on the map of Virginia, pu blished in 1824. At present no sign of b u ildings or streets can be seen, its very ruins have disappeared, and its site is a fert ile fi eld. on whic:h a late proprietor rai sed the most abulldant crop of corn he has ever gathered.

III sO lli e respects the 010st remarkab le of these temporary mu nicipa li ties wa s Morga ntown ,a place well kn ow n , but not by that n ame. It wa s a pretentious ci t y on paper, lai d off into at least tw o hundred and fifteen lots. and wood lots, as they were called. It was sit uated on the main road to Staunto n , a bo ut a mile west of I vy De pot. It was planned by a man named Gideon Morgan, and sold by lotte r y at the rate of fifty dollars a tick e t. Th e specia l attraction was Lot One Hundred and Seventy-six, 011 wh ich were built a large brick hou se and stable . and thi s attrac t io n harl s u c h powe r tbat ti cket s were purchased by persons, uot on ly in Albe marle. but a lso from the surrounding counties , Frederick , S hena ndoah, Rockingham, Bath, Augusta, Rockbridge, Fluvanna , and even places as far distant as Henri co and Lancaster Cou nties, a nd the city of Philadelphia. Amon g those who partici pated in the affair from Augusta were Chesley Kinn ey, J acob Swoope and Jud ge John Coalter; while from Al bemarl e were P eter and Johu Carr, I s aac Mill e r, Elijah Garth, Richard Gambe ll, Andrew K ea n a nd Thomas \Vells. The fortunate ticket-bolder was George Anderson , of Gree nbrier, who sold the place to Benja min Hard in. In 182 1 Anderson 's widow, then li ving in Montgomery County, conveyed ber interest in t he property to H a rdin , to whom Morgau also sold his remaining la nd. Hard in kept tave rn there dow n to 1827 or 1828, when th e place w as sold for his debts. As the

HISTORY OF ALBE)JARLE

61

other lots lay o u bare fields a nd forest, running up on Turner's Mountain , the owners most probably quietly abaudoned tbem, and a ll owed tbem to lapse into Hardin's possession.

In 18 14 however, Micajah \Voods and wife conveyed to Har. din two lo ts which had been drawn by \Villiam Davenport, and Taylor and Newbold, of Philadelphia, conveyed to him another in 182 1 . Altogether one hundred and nine persons boug ht tickets, and Morgan derived from his few acres, nearly tw ice as much as the county derived from the thou. sand acres o n which Charlottesville was built. Intoxicated by bi s success, be went over to Rockingham and projec ted anoth er town not far from Port Republic, whi ch he named New Haven; but in this attempt be was not so highly pros pered . The last heard of him, he was living in Rowan County , T ennessee As will be readily conjectured, the brick hou se and stahle are still standing, the same tbat Francis McG ee occupied af: a tanrn after Hardin, and that was rece ntly t he residence of his daughter , Mrs. J ohn J. Woods.

It m ay be stated, that another town, ca lled Barterbrook, spread itself in the books lUore extensively than it did on the fa ce of the earth. It s situation was on the west side of the road to S tOllY Point, just where it crosses the branc h oppo路 si te Liberty Church. It contained a tanya rd, and a tavern, whi ch had the significant appe lla ti<..u of Pinch'em路slyly. A mus te r ground was contiguous, where the militia company of the district assembled to perform their exercises, a nd where Joshua Key, a neighboring magistrate, was ofte n ca lled upon to exert his authority for the preservation of the peace. Accord ing to the records, Lot F ifty 路 Six in Barterbrook was conveyed by \Villiam Smi th to Thomas Travil路 Ii an 's heirs, by said hei rs to Pleasant Sand ridge, of Green County, Kentucky, and by Sa ndri dge to Dr. John Gilmer, when it became a part of the Edgemont estate. A successor in some sort, possessing tbe same name, and consisting principally of a tan yard conducted by Bernard Carr, was at a later date located in the western part of the county, nea r :M echum 's River.

An impression h as prevailed with many, that the ce le'

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

brated statesman and philosophe r , Benjltuin Franklin, was once a visitor in Albe marle, and while here purchased a plantation for bi s son. T here is 110 real ground for this im pres sion. A Benjamin Franklin did ij\-e in the cou nty in its early days, but be cam e fr om Orange. and died in 1751.

Frankl in, the philosopber, appears never to have been South but Ollce, and then he visited Charleston, South Carolina. making the journey mos t probably by sea. H e ba d but one so u who lived beyond maturity, wbo in all likeli h ood was never South at all , and who was the T or y Governor of New Jersey, obl iged at the close of the Revolution to le ~l\'e the country, ne ver to return. But it is true, that a grandson of Franklin came to Albemarle, bonght property, a n d resided on it for a sh ort time . His name was \V illiam Bac he, the son of F rank路 lin 's daughte r, and already referred to as otle of the trns tees of ~orth ~I i lton . I n 1799 he purchased from Jam es K ey the farm whic h is known as the old Craven place . and which still bears tbe name of Franklin . The letters of the J effer 路 s on household about that pe riod make mention of him and h is family. His son, Be njamin Franklin Bache, a distingui s bed suweon in the navy, is stJ. ted ill Appleton's Bi og raphi cal Cyclopedia to have been born at Monticello.

F c! bruary 7th , 180 1. William Ba che was evident ly not blest w ith prospe rity . H e incurred lUauy debts. was harrassed with many law s uits, gave a deed of tmst to Thomas Mauu Ra udolpb to s ell Franklin, aud left th e Slate. lI e wa:; a ph ysic ian by profess ion . His place was sold to Richard S a m pso n in 180-1-. Dr. Ba ch e whi le here also invested in C ha rl ottes vill e lots . H e bought from D:lVid Ros s L ots F ort y-Three and F orty-Four , now cut in two by the track of th e Ch esa pea k e & Ohio Railroad; and in 1837 they were co nveyed t o Dr, lI1rdiu Ma s sie by hi s sou B F. B ache and h is w ife. a nd h is daughte r S a rah and her hu sba nd , who was Rt v. Dr. C ha rl es Hodge, the e minent professor of theology at P r incet o n .

J ohn Bl ai r, Ju s ti ce of the United States Supreme Court, was al so a land own er in Albe marle_ Th e old l\J.ichael Woods place . Mountain Plains , at the mouth of \Voods' Gap,

HISTOR Y O F A L BEMARLE

63

d escen ded to h is son W illi am, who sold it to Thoma s Adams, a reside nt , t he la tte r p a rt of h is life, of the Pastu re Di strict of Augusta Connty . Adams, who died in 1788, made title by his w ill t o this and other p arcels of land he had bought in th e ne ig h bor h ood, a mounti ng to nearly a thousand acres, to Ju dge B lair-" T o my honorable friend, John Blair, Esq., Chance ll or , all t he lands he purchased of me in Albemarle Count y, know n by t he name of ~Iountain Plains, and for w h ich he has long since honest ly paid me." From him the pl ace has since acqui red the n ame of Blair Park. Judge Bl air devised it to his two dau ghters, through whom it callie to thei r tw o sous , J ames P . H e nderson and John Blair P eachy . I n 183 1 Peac h y ~old h is interest to H enderson.

After H en de rso n 's death in 1835, it passed into other hands.

A still more distinguished jurist, Chief J ustice Marshall, ow ned la nd in the county. H e was once the proprietor of the old D . S. place. H e pltrchased it from H enry \Villiams about 1809, and in 1813 sold it to !v1icajab \\Ioods. \\T hen the county was organ ized, settlements had bee n ma k ing within its present limi ts for twelve or thirteen years. \V ill ia m shurg being the capital of the colon y, and its public b usi ness being transacted there, it was natural that th e first g reat roads of t he country shou ld tend in that directio n.

The re can be litt le doubt that one \\as opened along the river James ; but tha t leading to the more northerly portions of the cou nty was t he T hree Notched Road. It was cleared all the track it pursues now, following t he watershed be twee n the South A n na and the J ames, and still bearing the name, thoug h t he t ree路marks all account of whic h it wa s give n, ha ve not been seen {or three or four generat io ns. It passed t he co u nt y line where it does now, not far from Boyd's Ta vern, came up the Rivanna on its north side, crossed at the Secret ary's Ford, coincided w ith what is now the main street o f Ch arlottesville, crossed Ivy Creek and Mecbnms' R iver where it does still , but at that point diverged from wbat is the ma in road at present. I t continued in a straight line to Woods ' s (now J ar man's) Gap, in stead of striking th e Ridge at R ock fish Gap . At the mouth of Wood~'s Gap was

64

H I STORY OF ALBEl\[ARLE

the 6rst settlement in that part of the county. and for some years the chief route of travel passed over it to the Valley.

In the diary of Thomas Lewis, dateci 1746, in which he describes his journey to Orange County to join the s urve yors appointed to run the line between the Northern Neck and the rest of the colony, he states that he crossed from Augusta at \Voods 's Gap, and stopped with J'vIi chael \Voods both on his departure and return. As late as near the close of the Revolution, when Rockfish Gap was much used, the prisoners of the Convention army, as al read y mentioned, were upon their removal taken across the Blue Ridge at \Voods 's Gap. The Three Notched Road was the dividing line between the parishes of Fredericksville and St. Anne·s.

Another road had the name of Three Notched in early times . It was the cross road leading from Carter 's Bridge to Red Hill Depot. At present it is ouly a neighborhood road; but when the county seat had its locatio n near Scottsvill e. being the highway thither for all the northwes tern part of the county, it occ upied a place of the higbest importance, and was one of the earliest cleared. As settlements extended up the James in what is now Ne lson and Amherst, they necessarily sougbt a way of access to the Court House.

Accordingly oue of the first roads established was that wbi ch was known as tbe River Road, crossing the Rockfisb at Limestone Ford near Howardsville. and at another higher up. called Jopling's, and proceeding along the b row of the river hills to the county seat. In 1746 Rev. Robert Rose petitioned the County Court for the clearing of a road from Tye River to the Rockfish.

The Buck Mountain Road was made in the primitive times. This name was applied to the series of roads which start from Rockfish Gap, bend along the base of the Ridge and Buck's Elbow to \Vhitehall, pass over Moorman's River at Millington to Free Union and Earlysville, cross the north fork of the Rivanna at the Burnt Mills. and euter the Barboursville Road at Stonv Point. It still follows the route on which it was originally laid out •.except slight deviations for short di;;tances to avoid some obstacle, or' gain an easier •

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

65

grade. The Barboursville Road ran from the beginning, mu ch as it does now. Just after the county was formed, old David Lewis was appointed Surveyor of the road from his pla ce south of Birdwood to Lynch's Ferry; at that point the Rivanna was crossed, instead of as now at the Free Bridge. This road mltst have intersected the Three Notched Road SOllie distance west of Charlottesville, the existence of which at that time had not entered the thought even of the most sagacious. The hill at the old Craven place was in all pro babi l ity always ascended where it is at present. The trade of the upper part of the county, and the adjacent section s of the Valley, being then carried on with Fredericksburg, both of these roads, and the Three Notched also as fal" as the fork at Everettsville, possessed in common the name of the Fredericksburg Road. In early times the Barboursville Road was continued down the river on the eastern side, and probably ran across the hills through the Haxall and Pantops plantations to the Secretary's Ford.

When the Comt House was removed to Charlottesville, it of cou rse became the centre of the county roads. The Three Notched Road running along its main street, afforded a ready approach both from the east and the west. One outlet toward s the north was the Barbomsville Road by way of Lynch's Ferry. Another was by a connection with the Buck :M ountain Road at David Wood's old place , which was at or near the late Colonel Bowcock's. The road making thi s co nnection left the west end of High St reet, ran to tbe foot of the hill near Clay \fichie's, thence over Meadow Creek past the place recently occupied hytbe late Harvey Hull, and crossed the south fork of the Rivanna at Carr's old Ford on the Carrsbrook plantation. Shortly after another road was opened, "branching froUl the la st mentioned north of Harvey Hull' s, crossing the south fork at the Broad Mossing Ford, aud continuing thence to the Burnt Mills.

The Barracks Road wa s laid out during the Revolution, and bas since been a noted way, though much deflected from its original course. It s tarted fr-om the west end of Higb - 5

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

Street, ran on the highland south of the ravine crossed by the present road near Kellytawll-re maills of the stone fences lining it can still be seen-passeu over Preston Heigbts Dot far from the mansions of Colonel Preston and General Rosser, forking on the summit with the road to Carr's Ford, continued past Colonel Duke's and the colored set tlement of Georgetown to the ridge east of Ivy Creek, and descended to the ford of the creek past the old Ivy Creek Church. Near town a bran ch of the Barracks road diverged from its maio course on the eastern slope of Preston Heights, and ran iuto the Three Notched Road not far from the Junction Depot.

The present location of the Barracks Roa d immediately west of Charlottesville, was S.xed a bout the beginning of the Century. A contention respecting it arose between I saac !o.'l iller and John Carr, Clerk of the District Court, owners of the adjoining lands. After several views and reports on the subject, it was finally determined according to the id eas of Mr. Miller, whose residence at the time was either at Rose Valley, or near the house of 1"'[ason Gordon .

The course of the road from Brown's Gap was always much the same as it is at present. It crossed Mechum 's River where it does now, coming down through the rocky defile on the west, then known as the Narrow Passage. After passing Ivy Creek, it turned southeast and ran over to the Three Notched Road-passing in its way the old D. S. Cuurchentering it where the old Terrell, or Lewis 's, Ordinary stood, the location of which must have been near the site of Jesse Lewi s's blacksmith shop. This road went for many years by the name of Rodes's Road. The connecting link bet ween Rodes's and the Barracks Roads was made about the first of the century. It wound round Still House Mountain as it does now , and then turned south and continued down the ravine in whi ch the outflow of what was called \Vade's Spring was carried off. The old Poor House was built immediately upon thi s road. Somewhat late r Governor Nicholas petitioned for the opening of a road from the D. S. Church to his plantation on the Rivauna, the present Carrsbrook; but it does not appear that anything was ever done.

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

67

The road that crosses the river at Rea's Ford was opened ab out th e close of the l ast century. The people of the northwest sect ion of the county petitioned for a more convenient way to the courthouse . I t was decided after several views, that a new road should start at Fretwell 's Store, which was at o r near Free Union, cro ss at Rea's Ford, fall into the Barracks Road a nd continue with it to the top of the ridge ea st of I vy Creek, and there branching off run to Meadow Creek at the plantation of Bernard Carter, now F. B. Moran 's , unitiug at tha t point with the road from Carr 's Ford.

The Ri chard Woods, or Dick Woods Road. as it was frequent ly ca ll ed, is one of the oldest in the county. It diverged from the Three Notched j ust west of the D . S., passed Richard \Voods' place at the mouth of Taylor's Gap to the little strea m ca lled P ound ing Branch, crossed Mechum's river at the .M iller Schoo), and continued thence to Rockfish Gap. The place of Ponnding Branch went in early times by the name of Little D. S. A tan yard was loca ted there, which at first wa s named S impson's, and afterwards Grayso n's.

Nea r that point the road turned off, described ill old deeds as the road t o Amherst C. H., the same that stills exists, run路 ning through Batesville, and passing the Nelson line at wbat wa s form erly known as H arl ow's Tavern on Lynch 's Creek.

Tradition re lates th at Richard \Voods, in laying out the road ca lled by his name, followed a well marked buffa lo trail, and th e fact of its bei ng es tablished by those sagacious engineers of nature accounts for the gent le g rade for which it has been disting ui shed. I t seems that the road th rough I srae l 's Gap was not made till nea r the end of the last century. At that time \ViIli am \Voods, Surveyor Bitty, was summoned by the Couuty Court to show ca use why he had not opened a road from I srael's Gap into th e Richard Woods Road.

Th e outlets from Charlottesville to the south we re mainly the same as now exist. The road by which the people of Fluvanna south of the Rivanna reached the county seat, passed through Monticello Gap, then called th e Thoroughfare, crossed Moore's Creek where it does now, and joined tbe Three Notched Road at the top of the bill near the junc-

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tiOD of the Ula~adamized road recently made by !\'Ir. Brennan; for the Three Notched Road then came fro III the Secretary's Ford. along the ridge now followed by the Cbesa peake and Ohio Railroad. or over the low g round s of Moore's Creek in the rear of the \Voolen ~..rills. The road from town to Carter's Bridge ha s always purs ued the present route. It was formerly described as pass ing by a place. well known as the Colts' Pasture , and the Plum Orc h ard Branch of Biscuit Run. The old Lynchburg Road has been in use fro m the first settlement of the tOWIl. It cOUlme nced atthe foot of V inega r Hill , rea ched the top of th e Ridge beyond the Dry Bridge. an d continued along its c res t to the branch at its south end, the n called Haggard 's . and afterwards "Vest's Saw M ill Run. It crossed the north fork of Hardware where it does at present , the place long known as O ld's Forge, turned around the e nd of Gay 's !>.l ouutaill past Andrew Hart 's Store, a nd crossing Jumping Bran c b a nd the sout h fo rk of Hardware as at prese nt , united with the present Lynch burg Road at the end of P e r s immon Mountai n a short distance north of Covesville.

Near town it went by the name of Haggard 's Road, from a Nath a n iel Haggard, who owned the land on its course from the e ud of the Ridge to Moore's Creek. In those days the prese nt Lyuc hburg Road was a mere farm road bearing the name of Wbeeler 's, fr0111 a fami ly wbo liVEd at the head of .M oore's Cree l:.

Th e Secretary 's Road has frequent m e ntion in the early r ecords. It set out fr om Carte r ' s M ill on th e north fork of H ard ware, s hortly above its unio n with the so uth fork, ran o n the north s ide of that river to \Vo od ridge, a nd the nce purs ued tbe wate rs hed between it and the Rivanna to Bremo on t he J a mes. From it s lower terminus it was sometimes call ed t he Bremo , corrupted to Brimmer, Road . Near \Voodrid ge the ~l a rtin King Road branched from it, crossing tbe R iv anna at Union Mill s. and the nce proceeding to Louisa.

The road wh ich pa sses over the G reen Mountain wes t of Port e r 's Preci nct wa s established at an early date. For many years it wa s known as the Iri s h Road, as far a s can be ascerta iued frolll a lllan nallle James Ireland, who was a patentee of land in that neigbborhood.

HISTORY OF ALBE:\lARLE

69

T he first turupike in the county was built in 1806. It crossed the Blue Ridge at Brown's Gap, descended Brown's Cove , and joined t he T hree Notched Road at io.I echum's Depot. It was made a n d owned by \Villiam Jarman and Brightberry Brown. I t received a formal acce ptance by inspectors appointed by the Couoty Court, though the tolls were taken bytbe owners. I n 1819 Jarman 's s hare was sold

by J ames J arman to IrJ. Harris; and in 1867 the title as in dividua l property was relinquished, and it lapsed into an ordin a ry road of the county. I t was known as Brown's Tur npike.

About 1830, a fe~ years before and after, a number of t u rn pikes were undertaken. The first was the Staunton and J ames Rive r , having a charter of incorporation, and extend路 ing from the place first named to Scottsville. It crossed the R idge at Rockfish Gap, and ran th rough Batesville and I s ra el's Gap, fo ll owing for the most pa rt the course of old roads. As far back as 1790 a lottery was au thorized by the Legisla t u re, to be managed by Francis Walker, \Villiam C la rk, Nicholas Lewis, J ohn Breckinridge, George Divers, W illia m D. Meriwether, Charles I rving and Isaac Davis. to raise not exceeding four hundred pounds for the purpose of cutt ing a road from Rockfish Gap to Nicholas's ane. Scott's L a ndings; what was accompl is bed in pursuance of tbis act is n ot k nown. T he Staunton and James River Turnpike . was for a number of years the route of a heavy transporta t ion , passing from the Valley to connect with the James R iver a n d Kanawha Canal. Later, when plank roads beca me t he fashion of the day, it was converted into a Plank R oad Co mpany. Under its auspices some alterations were made in t he grades, particularly avoiding the hills between K idd's Mill ann North Garden, and 'Jet ween Hart ' s and G arl a nd 's Stores, and an inconsiderable portion near Hu g bes's S bop was covered with plank; but the coming of th e rai lroad s, and the temporary nature of the construction, destroyed the pub l ic interest in its maintenance. The buildiug a nd suppor t of good roads over which the produce of the fa r m is to be hauled, and rapid and comfortable transit to

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

be en joyed, constitute a lesson the peop le bave l'et to lea rn .

Th e Staunton and Jam es River Turnpike was abando ned in 1867. and taken back by the COll llty as a common road.

1'he next was the Blu e Ridge and Riva Dna River T u rn pike. which ran from Meriwether's Bridge on the Riva n na to t he Turn pike la!'>t mentioned at Brooksvi lle. I ts construe 路 l ion occasioned t he laying out of the straight road from t he Woolen :\JiJls to the east e nd of ~lark e t Street. Not many years before, Mrs. ;..rary Lewi s. of t he Fa r m, petitioned fo r a mOfe couveni~n t approach frolll her residence to Charlottesville, as previously her only way lay directl y south to the T bree Notched Road. Opie Norris was the Secretary and Treasure r of thi s Turnpike, an d advertised for bids fo r its construction.

It s route west of tow n m ai nl y co in 路 cided with the T hree Notched Road t o Mech um 's River , and ge ne rally with the old road fr om t hat poin t to its termination. Toll gates we re e rected and fo r some yea rs it s b usiness wa s regularly transacted. T he firs t gate west of town wa s immediately opposite t he la r ge oak t ree o n J esse Le wis's place, under 'w hich Gene ra l \Vas h ington is sai d once to have lunched , and which was b lown down by a v io lent s t orm in Sep tem be r 1896 ; its keeper w as P a trick Qu inn. In 1857 the road wa s purchased by t he con n t y fo r fiftee n hun 路 dred dollars, ~ o l1n Wood , Jr. being a ppointed to r ecei ve the purchase mon(!y for distribution a mon g the s tockh older s .

When th is Turnpike wa s first p rojected, a n urge n t pet it io n wa s presented to th e Legis lature fo r t he esta blishmen t of a similar onc fr om Meriwether's Bridge to Boyd ' s Ta ve rn , but nothing fur tber was eve r eff ected.

A bout the same t ime th e pre se nt L yncbburg Road was opened. The L egis lature pa ssed an act, gra ntin g pe rm is sion to the coull t ies of Amherst, Ne ls on a nd A lbemarl e , to co 路 opcrate in the construction of a road fro m L y nchburg t o CharlottcS\'ille, ea c h co unty to make the road w ith in it s o wn houmh;. Amh er:;t declined to engage in t he work, b ut a t the requt:~t of the Albemarle Court reco nsidered its act ion, a nd decided to joiu forces w ith the othe r counties. J ohn P ryor surveyed the rOllte, and William Ga rl and m ade t h e roadbed

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

71

in Albemarle . Advantage was taken of count ry roads already exist ing-, but the line was then fir st run by way of th e old Sud· dartb Mill, and the Cross Roads, and on the old Wheeler Road down l'vfoore 's Creek, instead of the east side of Dudley 's :Mountain.

The Harri sonburg- and Charlottesville Turnp ike was laid out shortly after. Col. T. J. R ando lph, Alexander Garrett and A ch illes Broadhead, Surveyor of the county, were appointed to determine its course, Dr. Gilly M. Lewis recording his protest against its com; truction. It crossed the Blue Ridge at Swift Run Gap, entered the county at Nortonsvi lle , fe ll iuto the Buck Mountain Road west of Earlysville, ran from Colonel Bowcock's to Rio Mills, ascended the hill sout h of the river by the present easy grade, and continued by way of Rio Station and Coc hran' S Mill to town.

Many efforts were put forth about the same time to build a turnpike from Scottsville to Rock Spring in Nelson, and thence to the head waters of Rockfish River; but the project was never consummated.

The first bridges, built within the present county, were undoubtedly those over the main Hardware at Carter 's Bridge, aud over its north fork , just above its junction with the south fork. That river wa s the largest stream between the old Court House and the greater part of the northern section of the county; and the north fork. besides being crossed by one of !he great highways to the county seat, was pa ssed by many to reach Carter' s Mill, one of the first erected in the newly-sett led country. Owing to the loss of the records, no account exists of the original building of these bridges; but when rebuilt• toward s the close of the• last century, it is recited that there bad been one-and in all likelihood more than one-before, at each of those places. Both have since been often renewed, not so much because of use and decay, as because of the freshets. which from time to time have swept down from the mountains with terri ble violence.

A great flood in James River and its branches occurred in 1771, so remarkable for its enormous anG.. wide-spread de's truct ion as to become the special occasion of action by the

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HISTORY OF ALBb;MAR L E

Leg is lature that year; and in au appl icatio n Mr. J effer so n mane for a writ of ad quod damNum ill order to erect his mill at Shadwe ll in 1795, he s t ates that the forme r o ue bad been carried off by the flood of 177 1. It is p resumable t he H ard路 ware bridges m et the sa m e fate. Cer tain ly Carter 's Bridge was rebu ilt in th e years 1795, 1800, 1812 , 1859, and 1876.

I na sm uch as these improvements are o ne of t h e c h ief signs of c ivilizatio n , and are so indispensable to t he conve n ience and prosperity o f commuuities, expe r ience teaches that it is true economy to b uild the m s ubstantia ll y, and p u t them beyond the reach of all co ntingenc ies. in the firs t instance.

In such cases it is better to spend more once, than less often.

The first bridge over Moore 's Creek was erected in 1i98, and it would seem its loca ti o n was on the old Ly nch bu rg R oad. In 180 1 a nothe r wa s buil t over the same strea m , apparently on the Monticell o Road. As faras appears, there w as n o st ructure of the k ind near Meriwether's M ill, now Hartman 's, till 1848.

The same L egis lature which establ is hed t he tow n of C h arlottesvi ll e. pa ssed an act authori zing any perso n to erect a bridge over th e Rivanna n ear that town, a nd as a rellluner a tion allowing h im to take toll s, the reason assigned be ing th at the r iver was often re ndered impassable by freshet s; but no one availed himself of the permi ss ion. For m a n y years the passage of the st ream wa s made either at the Sec retary's F ord, or near the Free Bridge by what was known accordi ng t o the amou nt of water as Moore's F ord, or Lewis ' s F erry.

It wa s not until 1801 th at the County Court took the matter in hand. T hey then pa ssed an o rder that George Divers, T homas M. Randolph, J o hn Wat son, Nimrod Bra m ba m, Joshua Key and Ac h ill es Douglass s hould let th e erect ion of a bridge at t he lattpr point, the cost not to exceed tw o t housand dollars. Against th is action Thomas Garth entered his prot est. Since t ha t time it has bee n rebuilt in 183 1, 1846, 1865 and 1870. It s tood sa fe in t he Oood of 1877 , b u t the causeway on th e western s ide w it h its stone ret aining wa lls wa s wa s hed away, a nd the wooden approach on trestles which s t ill remains, was th e n constru cted.

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

73

A bridge was bui lt at the \Voolen Mills in 1825 by \Villiam H. Meriwether. Bei ng on the line of the Three Notched Road, the mai n th oroughfare through the county, it was at once a great co nvenience and a desirable means of safety.

Some four or fi ve years before in the month of ~lay, a wagon and six horses belonging to a .M r. Collins, of Augusta County, in attempting to cross the river at the Secretary's Ford ou th eir return from Ri chm ond, were swept down and lost, the driver making his escape with the greatest difficulty.

I t was most likely in consequence of this disaster, and the constant threatening of others, that Col. T. J. Randolph soo n after sought the establishment of a ferry at that point.

Meriwether 's Bridge obviated such perils, and proved a signal ben efi t to the community for something like twenty years.

In 1843 the County Court was compe lled to make so me provision by rea son of the Free Brid ge having been destroyed, and deliberated wh ether to rebuild, or purchase the Meriwether Bridge. They ado pted the former alternative. In the course of a year or two Meriwether sold his bridge to Tho mas Far ish, and shortl y after it was swept away by a flood.

The bridge over the south fork of the Rivanna near Rio Mills was first erected iu 1836. Tho:>e )'lills bad a few years before been built by \Villiam H. )'Ieriwether, and in 1833 the Harrisonburg Turnpike had been located to cross the river at that place . These were beyond Quest ion the constraining reasons for the erect ion of t he bridge. Previou s ly the stream ha d been passed froUl t ime immemoria l at two fords near by, one ca ll ed Carr 's F ord, and the oth er the I sland Ford. Rio Bridge bas been Luilt twice since, in 1860 and 1865. Tbe latter year G. F. Thompson and M. S. Gleason obtained the contract for replacing it for nineteen hundred dollars, and the Free Bri dge a lso for twenty -s ix hundred and sixty.

The first bridge across the Rock6sh at Howardsvi lle seems to have been e rected in 1839. Prior to that time the river had been crossed at the neigbboring fords.

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HISTORY O F ALllttMAR LE

l'] LI.PT I':H I Y. The County Court continued to s upervise the affairs. and guard the interests, cowmitted to its trust. In 1783 J ames Stowers for stea l i n~ a horse from Joseph Chapman was eX:lwiued and sen t on to Richmond, where at that time a ll felonies were tried. John l\[ullins, son of \Villiam, was acquitted of burglary, but sent all for stea ling lea ther fro m the tan ,'ats of John \V&tson , of Higbtop. Crimes of every class perpetrated by negroes, were e nt irely under the iuris~ dictioll of this Court. Sam, a slave of J ames Kerr, for attempting to assault a daughter o f David Humphreys, wa s punished witb thirty - nine lashes; the same day however he was c leared of stealing fifty pounds in s pecie fr om his ma s路 ler's desk. Ben, a slave of Charles Rodes. was b urnt in tbe hand for poisoning James, a slave of Thomas S mith . und er p retence of giving him med ici ne . ~ot only did it punish evi l doers , but it interposed in behalf of the weak and oppressed. Daniel Dunavan, a servant of J ames L ewis , probably a redem ptioner. made complaint tbat b is master furnished him with insufficient food and raiment. It promptly required security that 5'uitable provision shou ld be made in future. G eorge Bruce . th e jailor. charged Richard \Voods with co mpelling his boy Tom, an orphan ch ild , to wear a colla r ; it at once ordered the degrading appendage to be removed. It especially exerciSt!d a judicious care over apprenti ces, protecting them from improper treatment, yet refusing to le nd an ear to groundless representations. Sa mue l Burc b was s ummoned to show cause why hi s apprentice, Abraham Gaulding, should not be discharged from bis se rvi ce. and \Villiam D. Hunt why Fielding and \Villiam S tarke should n ot have their bouds cancelled. When James Robinson sought to obtain the release of his SOilS Matthew and Moses as apprentices of Bartlett Dedmall, it decided th ere was n o just reaso n

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

75

for inte rfe rence in 路.. he case. In like manner Newberry, son of Thom as Stockton , was continued und er the charge of his master, Nathaniel Landcraft.

The Court likewise vindicated its own dignity. and strictly Quelled the bold spir it of iusuhordinatiou that sometimes di splayed itself. Martin ;'[arshall for profane swearing in open court was fined five sh illings , and \Villiam Thurmond for the salUe offe nce committed twice was fined and placed under bonds. Da niel Thacker was bouud o\-er for making- an affray, and b reaking the peace in the presence of the court.

A fine of eight dollars was imposed on \Villiam Alcock for refusing in open court t o ser ve as a juror.

The first in stance of capi tal punishment that appears in the records. occurred at the begin n ing of the ce ntury .

Aaron . a slave o f Hugh Rice Morris , for breaki ng int o the store of Philip Moore. and stealing seve n sides of leather, was condf'mned to be ha nged on th e second Friday of February, 1801 . Though thi s pun ishme nt seemS severe , yet forcibly enterin g any building on th e curt ilage, especially at night . was a lwa ys viewed with jealous sternness. Aaron too was an old offender, having bee n previously co nvicted and punished for breaking into the lum be r room 01 Andrew Hart. Tn th is case he had the advantage of being defended, the Court appointin g J ames Brooks as his counsel.

An event of patheti c and tragical interest happe ned sometim e in 1802 Of 1803; and it is specially remarkable , as it furni s hed the only case in which a white man has eve r been jud icially hanged in the h isto ry of the co unty . James Hopkins was the son of Dr. Arthur Hopkins, who was one of the earliest and largest la ndholders in Albemarle. H e was a man of fine education and considera ble wealth. Making choice of h is father 's professIOn, he travelled abroad and studied med icine in the University of Edinburg-h. On his retufn to thi s country, he settled in what is now Ne lso n County uu der the s ha dow of Suga r Loaf Mountain, where for m any years he wa s occupied with an extensive practice. He wa s possessed not only of great learning, but a lso of g reat piety. He had an only chi ld, a daughter, who was ma rried

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HISTOR Y OF ALBEMARLE

to a Capta in Richard Pollard . Qne evening while the doctor wa s kneeli ng in the act of conducting family w ors hip, he wa s s h ot throu g h a window of the room, and died in the course of au hour. After a can'!f111 measurement of tracks made in the SIlOW by the shoes of the guilty person , a man n amed Lewis ~ I c \Val1e was arrested for the c rime, examined by the Amh e rs t Couoty Court , and sent Oil for trial in the District Court of Charlottesville. In due time he was co n victed and executed at that place . On the scaffold he denied baving performed the deed. He avowed that h e had been employed by Pollard to co mmit the murde r and had approa c bed the wiudow of the hou se for that purpose , hut when be S3W th e old Ul a ll kneeling in praye r, his heart failed him, and he returned to Pollard a s hort di s tance off, anrl. de· e1ared he could 110t perpetrate the act; that Pollard , aftt:r forc· ing him to exchange shoes, went to the window and s hot his father·in-law with h is own hand; and that his motive in des ir· ing hi s death was to prevent him from making a will. baving in some way formed the impres.:iion that he was to be excluded from all in terest and control in the estate. On the ground of this statement Pollard was arrested and tried , but ill the absence of all other testimo ny wa s acquitted; yet the belief was widely preva lent that Mc \Vane ' s declaration was true.

Pollard lived to a great age, bu t never by word or act in the s lightest degree betra yed his guilt. His purpose , if he had formed it, was in va in. Dr. Hopkin s had already mad e his w ill. lIe provided for the g radual ema ncipation of his slaves, and devised his estate to his daughter, and his g-randson, Dr. Arthur Pollard, requ iring the name of the latter to be changed to li opkins, which was du ly effec ted by the County Court of A III herst.

About tbis time Dr. John '1' . Gi lmer was pla ced under bonds for au alleged offe uce iu inoculating for sma llpox.

Legislation on this subject had been enacted iu Virginia.

Rules had been prescribed for it s regulation. and the superi n · tendence of it cOlll mitted t o the County Courts. The milder and safe r mode of preventing the disease by vacci nation had not yet been fully deve loped. ~l'he interest o f Dr. Gilmer in I

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the matter was so great, that he had established a hospital for the special treatment of those who sought exemption from the dreaded malady. The immediate cause of his being summoned before the Court was the occurrence of a fatal case, after the operation had been performed. A panic ensued, and complaint wa s made against the philanthropic leech. The sympathies of the COllrt, as well as of all enl igh tened men, mllst have been exerted in his favor; for he was required to give bond only for three month s "for his good behavior, especially in not a larming the neighborhood in whic h h is hos pital is estab li s hed, unless he first obtain the consent of the citi zens." Th e doctor 's residence-and pres u mptively, his hospi tal -was at Edgemont , on the Barboursville Road.

An interest ing point of law came before the Court in the early part of the century. Mrs. Elizabeth Henderson , widow of Ben nett Henderson . on wbose land the town of Milton was laid ou t , sued out a writ of dower against those wbo had pure based lots within it s lim it s. The decision was that the widow was barred by the Act of Assembly authorizing the establishment of the town, vesting its land s in trustees, and giving them powe: to sell. The case was appealed to the District Court. \Vhat its decision was, cannot be known, as it s records have disappeared; bu t it can hard ly be s upposed the low er court was not sustained. Mrs. Henderson's counsel was George Poindexter, who was a Louisa man , settled for a time in Mi lton, removed to :Mississippi while it was a T erritory , became successively Judge, Aide to Ja ckson at the battle of New Orleans, Representa tive in Congress, Governor, United States Senator, and died in 1853.

President Monroe was one of the magistrates of the county, as Mr. J efferson also was. When Jefferson was appointed cannot be definitely known, as no record of the event exists.

From h is prom inence, even while a student of law, it may be conjectu red he received the appointment shortly after bis att ai nin g his majority, in 1764 or 1765. It does not appear that be ever sat upon the bencb. Tbe only officia l act he ever performed as Ju stice of the Peace apparent in the re~ords,

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wa s tak in g the ac knowl edg me nt of )''lrs. Eli za beth Eppes in 1777 t o a d eed of her hu sba nd an d hers elf , cOllveying three thou s an d a cres of la nd o n Gree n Mountain to John Coles; th is ack nowl edg me nt , and the memorial of respect entered in the minutes o f the court at h is de ath , are the only indica路 lion s th e r eco rds s how, th at he ever was a magistrate . The truth is, that ullt il h is Presid e ntial te rm expired, he was comparati ve ly speaki ng rarely at home. The same thing is largel y true of Mr. ~路I o nroe. H e was frequently absent on publi c b us iness. But whe n at home he ofte n attended court.

The latte r half of 1799, just befo re he became Governor of th e S tate, he s at upon the bench regularly every lllonth.

A fee lin g of regret may naturally be indulged, that the old Co unty Court s y stem has p a ssed away. It was a pec uliar fea ture in the history of Virginia from a very early period, and in lUan y res pects a most valuable institution. It is hard to co ncei ve how justice could be administered in a less bllT路 de nso me form . In large mea s ure the rights of the p eople were secured, a nd the ir convenience promoted, absolute ly free of ex pe nse. I t pos sessed a high degree of dignity, and was regarded by the community with s e ntime nts of ve ne ration and res pect. Its m e m bers fo r the most part occupied the m ost re putab le s tand ing in society. They ge nerally fulfilled th e req u ire ment o Cthe la w, that the y should be " able, honest an d discree t . " Their wealth placed them above temptations to corru ptio n and rapa city, th e ir integ rity inspired g e n era l con fide nce, wh ile the ir honorable chara cter and g e ntlemanlike bea rin g presented a n example worthy of imitation, and were n ot w ith o ut effec t in imparting a chivalrous tone, and d isseUl inating h abits o f politenes s, amon g the public at large.

An d it w ay be affi rm ed with truth , that their cheap admillistrat ion did not prod uce c h eap res ults . The ir work was usuall y we ll do ne. 'I' bey s pared no pain s in promoting the peace of t hei r neig hborhoods. If bus ines s was sometimes de layed by the p re!>s u re of private clailU s , perhaps on the w ho le it a moun ted t o tl O more than the inte rruptions neces sa r ily inciden t to a ll h u m an a ffairs . Their offi cial duties were often performed w it h 110 little trouble. Me n of the highest

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position would ride for miles across mountain ranges, and over almost impassable roads, to receive the acknowledg 路 ment of a poor neighbor's wife, whose infirmity or want of meau s prevented her from travelling to the county seat. Nor was there a failure in respect to their judicial decrees.

Guided by their own intelligence and sound sense, and the aici of the Commonwealth's attorn ey, they attained substan路 tial righteousness in the ir conclusions. Their decisions were not often reversed; and it happened more than once that they were sustained by the Court of Appeals against the counteradjudications of such eminent jurists as Archibald Stuart and Lucas P. Thompson.

For some years after the Revolution, all persons charged with felony, were sen t to Richmond for trial before the Ge neral Court. To re medy this arrangement which was both inconvenient and expensive, a law was passed in 1788, forming judicia l districts through out the State, and appointing a court for each district. Three iudges were to preside in each court, two of th em to form a quorum. One of these districts comprised the counties of Louisa, Fluvanna, Albemarle and Amherst, and its court was called the District Court of Char路 lottesvill e. Who were it s judges is not knowu, it records being lo st. John Carr , son of 11ajor Thomas Carr, was its Clerk. This Court was abolished in 1809, and the Circ uit Superior Court of Law for the county was or6"anized , with Archibald Stuart. of Staunton, as Judge. and John Carr as Clerk. Mr. Carr resigned in 1818, and Alexande r Garrett was appointed in bis stead. During th is time the Court of Chancery having jurisdiction of s uc h cases arising in this connty, wa s held in Staunton. In 1830 the Circ uit Superior Co crt was invested with the jurisdiction of all cases, both o f Law and Chancery, and this scheme cl)ntinues to the prese nt day. In that year Judge Stuart was appointed to the bench of the Court of Appeals, and was succeeded by Lucas P. Thompson, of Amherst. Judge Thompson continued in office until 1852, when he was promoted to the Court of Ap peals, and was succeeded by Richard H. Field. of Culpeper.

Judge Field sat for the last time in October 1864, and soon

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H I ST ORY OF AL BEMARLE

a ft e r d ied. \Vhen th e confusion conseq uent upon the w a r s om ewhat s u bsided, Egbe rt R . \Vat so D was m ade Ju dge of the Circ u it CO UTt in 1866 by the Un it ed S tates m ilita r y a u th ori t ies.

H e w as s uper seded i ll th e begiuning of 1869 by the a ppo int路 m e nt of H e nr y S hack elford , of Cul pepe r, w ho he ld the offi ce unt il h is dea th in 1880, whe n Da n ie l A. Gri m s ley, o f C ulpe pe r , wa s c hosen . In 188 2 he gave p lace to Geo rge P. Hug hes . of Gooc h la nd , uutil1 8S6, w he n he w as a gai n elected, a nd co ntinu es to occupy the pos itio n at the p resent t im e.

Befo re th e Con s titut ion of 18 50 th e C irc u it J udges h ad th e a ppoi ntme nt of t he Attorneys for the Commo nwealth prac t ising i ll their court s . Whe n J udge S tu a rt t ook h is sea t a u th e A lbe marle ben c h in 1809 , he selected Dab ney Carr to represe n t the: S tate. U pon Mr. C arr's re signation in 18 11, h e appoi nted J obn I-l owe P e y t on, of Stau n to n , w ho he ld the office until 1839 whe n h e res ig ned . T here u pon Judge T hompso n a p po inted T homa s J . M ic h ie , of St aunt on , whose inc u mbe ncy wa s terminated by t he pr ov is ions of the ne w Const itution . U nder those provisions t he office beca m e elec t ive, and the pe rso n w h o fill ed it practised in a ll t he cou rt s al ike .

Noth ing is know n co ncerni ng t h e fi rst bu il di ng occu pied as a cou rt bou se , ex ce pt tb at it was erected by Sa muel Scott o n th e lalld o f h is br other Dan iel , nea r Scottsvi ll e. It afforded accolll lU oda t ion to t h ose t ran sacting t h e p ubl ic b u s iness fo r seve nteen years, wh e n the re moval to Charlot tesvill e took pl ace . Nor does a ny record re ma iu, g iv ing a n acco u nt of the bui lding of t he fir st courth ou se a t the new county sea t . The edifice erected howe ve r an swered t he p urpose of a h a ll of ju s t ice fo r a litt le more than forty yea rs. It mu s t have had some p rete ns io n t o arc h itec t ura l display in the s h ape o f an orn a men ta l cover t o it s e ntra n ce , as we learn th at in 1800 R ich:ud Thur mo nd w as bound over for " a fra y in the porti co of the co urth o use."

Th is courtho use, a nd t he ea rl y jai ls, were evide ntl y of s l ig ht a nd te mpor a r y co nst ruct ion; with th e cou r se o f yea r s th ey req u ired al most co ntinual re p ai r s .

T he firs t jai l a ppea rs to have b ee n b uilt by \V illia m T e rrell, and t he seco nd by H e nr y G a m bell abou t the cl ose of the

HI STORY OF ALBEMARLE

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Revolut ionary \Var . Troubl e was encountered in settling with the latter contr act or, on accollnt of the imperfect manner it: t'i路hicb his work was done. In 1785 a stone prison was built, sixleen feet by sixteen, and two stories in height, and lasted till 17 98. A new jail was then erected, the cost of which was a thousand pounds, or three thousand, three hundred and thirty-three dollars. Thoma s Whitlow was the bui lder. This structure continued in use, with repairs from time to time particularly in 18-\.6, when three thousand dolJars were expended in its improvement-until the present jail was built in 1876.

The court square was first enclosed in 1792. Th omas Bell, James Kerr and Thomas Garth were directed to have a railin g put up at a di~tance of not more than forty-five feet from the courthouse. A large space was consequently left as open ground. The subject of selling" a part of this unoccu路 pied space was serious ly agitated. In 1801 the justices of t he county were specially convened to deliberate in regard to th e matter; fortunately. after due consideration they came to tbe conclusion. that it was inexpedient that any part of t he public grounds should be sold.

In 1803 it was determined that a new courthouse was necessary. George Divers. \Villiam D. Meriwether and I saac Mille r were appointed to draw a plan for the edifice, and Messrs. Divers, Miller, Thomas Garth, William Wardlaw and Thomas C. Fletcher were directed to solicit bids for its erection, the cost not to exceed five thousand dollars. The building committee was also directed, when the new house was finished, to remove the old one, together with the rubbish incident to the work. From t h is circums tance it is inferred. that the old buildin~ was located not far from the site of the present Clerk's Office. The house then erected is substantially the one which now exists. Iron bars were pla ced in t he office windows in 1807. The cupola was repaired in 18 15. After a consultation to devise some means of protecting the public b u ildings from fire, the Court ordered li ghtn ing r ods to be put up o n the courthouse; this was done -6

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in 18 18 . T hese safegu ards t he n wen t b y the n am e of F ra nk 路 lin s . J am es L eit ch fu rn is hed the iron necessary fo r fift y doll ars , and J acob W im er did the work for seve n t y- fi ve. T he bui lding wa s covered w it h t in in 1825. I n 1849 a n inqui ry wa s m ade as to th e propr iet y o f e m be ll is h ing the front with a porch a nd pi lla rs, b u t wa s att e nded w it b no res ult unti l te n years afte r. At th a t tim e a co n tract wa s e nt e red into w it h G eorge W. Spoo ner to con struct a front a dd it io n des ig ned by W illia m A . P ratt , a fo n ner P roctor of the Unive r si t y, he givi ng bond fo r the fai th fu l per fo rma nce of the work in the su m of n ine th ousa nd four hun dred doll a r s . 'I'h is addi t io n wa s Rank ed with towe rs a n d crowned w ith g ables . \Vbil e t h is work wa s in progress , the Cour t h eld it s sessi on s in the old T owll H all. Aft er t he wa r the g a b les and t owers we re remO\'ed, and the pedi ment w ith its s upportin g p illars, a s th e y appear at prese nt , was (' reeted by Mr. Spoo ne r. T hese illlpro \'e me n ts 'we re deemed suffi cie n t u nt it the r~ce ll t alterat io ns in 1897.

At the org ani za t ion of the county , the p illory , s t oc k s a nd whippin g p ost we re r egarded a s necess ary acco mpan ime nts of the courtho us e, an d court proceedings . I n 1807 order wa s g iven to repai r these im po rtan t m ean s of correc t io n. In process of time t he-y see m t o h ave d isap peared by n atura l decay. I n 1820 t hey wer e al l di rected to be r es to red in the pu b li c squa re. Sub seq ue n t t o th a t pe r iod the fir s t t wo re ceive no furth e r m e ntion , but J a mes Lob o a n and A ndre w Brown were appointed t o se' leet a p lace fo r th e wh ipping pos t a s lat e as 185 7 .

Tn 18 11 a br ick and s tone wall w as orde red to be e rected on the Squa r e forty 路 five fee t fr om th e courtho use . J oh n J ordan co ntra cted to pe rform the wo rk . In 18 16 the t rus tees o f the t own we re all owed to s ink a we ll o n t he Squa re, ex te r ior to the wal l. I n 182 4 V . W, South a ll obtained p e rm iss ion to bu ild 3n offi ce 0 11 t he so uthea s t cor ne r of the Square , a nd F . B. Dye r one 011 the sou t hwest corner, At th e s ame t ime a u office wa s d irected to be b u ilt o n th e nor th east corner for t he u se o f t he Coull t y Cler k 's a ss istant , and \Vi lli am II. Mer i wet he r was a ll o wed to bu ild one a d jo ining it o n t he we st;

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but a month or tw o after the e nt ire orde r was rescinded. T he next year a commi ssio n , co nsis tin g of J oseph Coffma n , Johu M. Perry , J oh n Winn, Ale x a nder Ga rrett, Micajah Woods and O pi e Norr is, was d irected t o have two offices erected on the no rt heas t corne r of the Squa re for the Commonwealth's Att o rne y a nd the Sheriff, the brick wall taken down, the fro nt ya rd paved w ith the ma terials . and a light railing pl aced a round th e Sq ua re . These two offices we re occupied in 1830 b y V . \V . Southa ll a nd '1' . W . Gi lmer at a rent of fi fty doll ars. I n 18路H pe rm ission was again given for the e rect ion of offices o n the fron t corners of the Square; but it wa s ev ide ntl y withdrawn, though no notice of the counterma nd in g order appea rs. The same yea r the Cbarlottes\'ille L yceum h ad leave to h ol d the ir meetings in the courthouse.

Auth o rity was give n in 1855 to Messrs. S trange and J ones, t o rin g th e courthouse bell fo r t h e uses of their school, but it was soon after reca ll ed.

In 1847 in a nswe r per haps to some ebu ll ition of pub lic s pirit , J a m e~ \ V. Sa unde rs, J o h n R . J ones and Wi ll iam A. B ibb were d irec ted t o encl ose a nd improve t he public ~quare, provi ded the expense of t he work was borne by private sub sc riptio n. \ Vhal was effec ted ill purSl.ance of tbis movement is n ot k no wn . T wo years later Allen B. Magruder and \V. T . llarl y a sked lea \'e to bui ld offices on the Square, and the pet it ion was so far taken into consideration that ~1alcolm F. Cra w ford and T ho mas \ Vood we re appointed to examine and repor t on the s u b ject. I n 1855 the town was gran ted liberty to erect an engine bouse on the west side of the Square. in a line w ith which Drury \Vood and \V. T. Early were allowed t o b u ild offices on the east side. The next year au order wa s passed, directi ng the enclosing and paving of the Square , accord ing t o a plan s u bmitted by Wi ll iam S. Dabnt'y; and it was n o doubt in agreement with the provisions of this plan, tha t shor tly after the stone wall and iron railing now ex isting were o rdered to be erected, not to exceed the cost of fifteen hundred doll a rs.

N ot long a fte r the beginning of the century an effort was mad e to sec ure the transportation of the produce of the

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HISTOR Y OF :\ LB EMAR LE

cOllnty by water. The need of a cheape r and more expedi tious mode of reaching a market had long bee n felt. Fanne rs had been obliged to move their crops, first to Fredericksburg, and then to Richmond, by wagons; and the goods of merchants had been conveyed to their stores by th e sa m e slow and expensive process The course of J ames R iver was then unobstru cted , and the question arose whether the Rivanna wight not be render ed ltseful for the purposes of commerce.

The scheme was attempted of turn ing t o account these water courses, whi ch nature had placed at the door to be olltlets of such admi rable convenience. The Rivauna Navigation Company was form ed, and a charter procured. In 1810 George Divers, Williams D. Me r iweth er, Nimrod Bramham, J oh n Kelly and Dabney Minor were its D irectors, and Peter Minor its Treasurer . The original methods of procedure were simple enougb. They aimed t o keep the channel o f the river clear of snags aud hammocks, and to provide Bat, bottomed boats ca lled batteaux, for th e carriage of freight.

Ad,'antage was taken of freshets to load t he boat s, and run them down, while the s tream was at h igb water mark . As at such times the water ru shed with tht" speed of a torrent, the navigation was often da ngerous; but the m anaR"eru ent of the boats became a special business, and the men employed acquired an intelligence and skill which were se ldom baffled by accidents. A family named Craddock bore for many years a high reputation as adroit and s u ccessful watermen.

Tn 182 7 books were opened for an enlarged SUbscr ipti on of stock, and eleven hundred and fifteen shares were taken at 6fty dollars a share. A list of the subscribers remains on record in Deed Book Twenty-Seven. Thi s money w as raised to improve still fur ther the chanue l of the ri ve r.

The il)lprove lll e ~t consisted in the erect ion of dams at s hoal pla ces . to increase the depth of water , and thus sec ure s laC' k water na vig-ation, locks being prov ided to raise or lower the boats at the different leve ls. SOUle of the locks were ban dsomely fa ced with hewn s t one , and built in a substantia l manner, Eesides the dalUs located iu Fluvanna, t h ere was one erected at Milton , three at Sha dwe ll , one at the 'W oolen M ills , one 4

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

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at the T h ree I s lands, two at the Broad Mossing Ford, and two a t Rio Mills. It was no doubt in preparation for this effort , that commissioners were appointed by the Cou nty Court in 1825 to cons ider the practicabi lity of clear ing out the south fork from the mouth of Ivy Creek to the "Little River." The court also in 1841 directed an examination of the improvements o n the south fork with the view of allowing additional tolls. Some still living remember boats bound for the J ames River Canal at Columbia, which carried from eighty to a hundred barrels of flour, and from forty to fifty hogsheads of tobacco. The value of this work was entirely destroyed by the advent of the railroads; yet it seemed hard to abandon an enterprise , on which so much had been expe nded, and from which such great benefits had been derived. Since the war another attempt was made to re new its usefulness. Two dams were constructed, one above Milton, and the other above Shadwell; but both being damaged by sweeping ftc.ods, the whole matter has been finally dropped.

Tbe early settlers of Aibemarle amidst all the di s tracting labors of founding new barnes, set no small value on the advantages of education . Botb those who pushed their way up from tbe tid ewater section, and the Scotch Iri s h element who came over from the Valley, made it their care to build the schoolhouse. Soon after the formation of the county, Rev. James Maury, Rector of Fredericksville parish, opened a classical school on the borders of Albemarle and Loui sa. which he s uperintended for many years with eminent success.

In th is u1Hse ry of learning Mr. Jefferson rece ived in part his mental training. At the same period Rev. Samue l Black, whose home was on :-'Iechum's River be low the Miller Sc hoo l, was also engaged in teaching. Rev. Mattbew !\laury, son of James, succeeded h is father in the school as well as in the , parish. In fact. it was genera lly the case tbat ministers of the gospel, whose salaries were small. joined the work of instruction to their regular professional duties. In tbe early deeds, it is not uncommon to find in the description of places sold, the inciden tal mention of the schoolhouse, or the scboolhou se s pring . It was also customa ry in setting forth tbe

86

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HrSTOR Y OF ALBEMARLE

parties to deeds, t o state thei r residence and occ upation , a ru atter of no s light importance in a h istor ica l point of view. \V e learn in this way that about 1760 a J ames Forbes, who bought laud on the head of I vy Creek, w as a schoolmaster, anel tbat \Villialll Coursey, Jr., who lived in the northern part of the county, pursued the same vocation. David Rodes, who resided 011 MooTmau's River, ment ions in sOllle notes still remaining, patronizing from 17 66 to 1768, the sc h ools of Charles Lambert, William Colema n and \Vill iam H arr is.

In consequence of Mr. J efferson's repea ted suggesti ons, seconded by the active efforts of J oseph Cabe ll in the Legis lature, a State law was p:Jssed ill 18 18 in wbich it was provided. that Commi ssioner s should be appointed in every county, not less than five, nor lUore than fi ftee n in number, who should gi \'e attention to the children of families unable to bear the expe n se of their educa tion. These appointment s were made in Albemarle every three years fo r a conside rable time. Those who co ns t ituted th e first commis sio n were Mart in Dawson, James Cl ark, Fran cis Carr, John Goss, Th omas \Vood, James Jarm an, J oh n A. Michie, I saac A. Coles, William H a rr is, A llen Dawson , \Villiam \Voods, Samuel L . Hart, Charles Ya ncey, Chri stopher Hu dson, and H enry T . Harris .

I II the early part of the ce ntury J oh n Robe rt son , a native of Scot land , and father of Ju dge \V. J. Robertson, taught a classi cal school on the east side of the So uth 'Vest Mountain.

H is library, a cata logne of which is reco rded in 'Vilt Book No Seve n, contained a more complete se t o f the Greek and Latin authors than perhaps could be foun(l in any other private collection in the State. The first numbers of the Central Gazl!tt~ supply some informa tion in rega rd to the educational facilities of the county during' the decade of 1820.

In that y(:ar was cOlDmenced the Charlottesville F e m a le Seminary, th e site of which was what is now the L eter man lot, corner of Iligh and Third Streets. Its first Pr inc ipal was a )Irs. George. It was .:ubseque ntl :v presided oVer by Mr. and ~lrs Littldord, of Baltimore . Mrs. G. K . Taylor, and )' lrs. Egan. Mr. Gerard E. St uck , who was acc redited

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by most flatte r ing testimonials, taught the Charlottesville A cade my, designed for boys. Allen Dawson had a scbool, fir s t a t his fa r m au the Scottsville Road, then at his house au Ma in Street, west of Third, and sti ll later at a schoolhouse t ha t once s:tood on J. \V. Marshall 's lot on Park St reet. I n t his house Thomas 'W oodson taught some years later. T he small brick near the east end of )Iain Street, no w occupied by \Villiam Durrett, accommodated s uc cessive ly the schools of George Carr, Thomas \V. Maury and Rev. ) I r. H atch. Mr. Carr afterwards taught in co nnect ion wi t h Ch ristopher Hornsey, and ;\1r. Maury removed h is sch ool t o his residence west of the University, now owned â&#x20AC;˘

by Sa muel Emerson. Mrs. Charles Spencer gave instructi on t o small child ren on the south side of :Main Street at the foot of Vinegar Hill, and to the same class of pupils ;\l rs .

E benezer 'Watts devoted her labors at a subsequent period.

Mrs . Rebecca Estes had a school for young ladies in the large b r ick on the top of Vinegar Hill. About 1829 )lrs.

Blae tt erma n opened an academy for young ladies in the large brick , sou th of where the Lynchburg Road passes under the Chesa pea k e and Ohio Railroad. S. Overton ) l inor taught â&#x20AC;˘ at the F arm , and late r in the basement of the old Baptist Ch u rcb. In t he old b rick ne x t east of the Opera Hou se on Wes t M ai n Street , a classical school was conducted by Bartho lomew Egan and Victor Ferrow. 'W illiam A. Bowen t augh t near I vy Depot, holding his examinations in Moun tain Pl ai ns Church, and afterwards near Batesville, mak ing a si m ilar use of Mount Ed Church. Thornton Rogers had a cla ss ica l academy at his p lace at Keswick. Jose ph Mills g ave i nstruction near Earlysville. and \Villiam J. Wilkerson two mi les west of io,[ichie's old Tavern. Ma so n Frizzell. a graduate of \Villiams College, had charge of a schoo l on Chestnut Ridge, and John Duggins of one near II. Mart in 's, presumably south of Covesville. T. L. Terrell was a t eacher at James H. Terrell 's on the east side of t he So u th \\lest Mountain. Samuel Harrison taught at P iney Grove . A school in Brown 's Cove was instructed by \ Vill ia ru Brande r , and a Female Seminary in the

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same place by Miss Sarah P. Catlett. \Vhen Jonathan B. Carr retired from th e practice of the la w , h e opened a school at h is pl ace, the Re trea t . north of Duulora. Re v.

Ovid A . Ki nso lvi ng received part of his early edu ca ti on at Pl ain Dealing, tlJe residence of Sam uel Dye r.

During t he next decade was built the hou se where Dr. \Villialll S. White taught for some yea rs, now the Presbyterian :'-o1anse. and !>hortly after the bric k at t he corner of Ma p le and Seventh Streets was erected as a F ema le Seminary. :\Iidway, firs t opened as a hotel uude r Louis A. Xaupi, became the seat of a nourishing academy taught by Duke and Powers-Alexander Duke and Pike Powers-and afterâ&#x20AC;˘ wards by Duke and S l ~hter-A l exallder Duk e and Charles Slaughter.

T hese were som e of the pla ces of instruction which exis ted at that time, and which for the most p art might be s tyl ed high schools. In them were imparted t he elemen t s of a classical educatio n . They were the foreru nners of those admi ra ble preparatorv seats of learning- which a rose in th e nex t ge n eration, and still exist in living memory, those of Franklin Minor at R idgeway, of Charles ~ rinor at Brookbill, of Professor Gessner Harrison at Cocke ' s T avern, of Wi ll ia m Diu widdie at Greenwood, o f Col. J . B. S trange on the Ridge at Charlottes vi ll e, and of Brown a nd T ebbs a t Bloomfi eld; and at a later period, those of Maj or H ora ce Jones in Charlottesville, of the Wood Brothers at Cocke ' s Tavern , and of J ohn R. Sampson at Pantops.

A projec t was conceived of estab lish ing at or near Charlott esville a large academy, to be organ ized and man aged on th e plan of the Germa n Gymnasium. Its g rea t des ig n was to insure a 1I10re exact flnd thoro ugh drill in the rudiments of learning, and thus afford a m ore adequate preparation for entrance into the University. In prosec ution of t his idea, a long pros pectus was p u blish ed in 1829. signed by a large Dumber of the most emine nt me n in all sect ion s of the State, but nothing tangible eve r r esulted. Thin gs sti ll see m to be sbaping themselves m ore and more in agree men t with the wonderfn l fo resight of Mr. J effe rson, form ing that gradation

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w h ich constituted th e ideal of his mind, each step ri sing higherfrom the COIllUlon schoo l to the University, at which all the la s t a nd most finished results of every bran ch of learning cou ld be obtained.

J efferson well deserves the ti tl e of Father of the University of V irginia. T he whol(> estahlishment wa s the outgrowth of his views upon education. T hese views occupied his mind while acting as one of the Revisors of the Laws of Virginia in 17"16 , were constantly revolved in his thoughts, and were fro III time to time expressed in legislative hills, and correspondence with his friends, unti l th ey finally assumed permanent form in t he noble institution which is the chie f ornament of Albemarle, and one of th e chief ornaments of the State . His fundamenta l maxim was, t hat the stability and happiness of the re public depended on the ge neral diffusion of k nowledge t hrough the mass of the people; hence th e attainm ent of this object was perhaps more the dictate of his patriotism, than of his literary tast es. The instrumentality to be employed comprehended common sch ool s , gram mar schools or academies, and a uuiversity as the head o f the system. An act containing these general idea s was prepared and presented to the Geueral Assemb ly in 1i79, but amidst the turmoil of the Revolution attracted but litt le attention. The sa me views were exp ressed in his Notes on Virginia , in which he proposed that \Villiam and Mary should be en larged, aud made to occupy the place of a un ive rs ity . In 1796 th e Legislature passed an act which approached as nea r the attainment of free schools in Virginia, as was ever rea lized until after the war.

This act prov ided that a majority of the acting justices of each county sh oul d determine whether th ey should be establ ished; that in case they came to this conclusion, they should elect three officers ca ll ed aldermeu, who sho uld divide their county iuto hundreds . in imitation of the politica l divisions of old English times ; and th at the people of each hundred s hould tax t hem selves for the erection of a school house in t he most convenient place, and for the support of a teache r . According to Mr. J eff erso n. the cowmon schoo ls

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were to be wholly supported by local taxation, the academy wa s to be assisted by th e State, and the University was to receive a larger measure of State a ss ista nce , in con jUllction with the benevolent cont ri butions of the friends of education. But his conceptions were fa r in advance of his age. The magistrates were as li ttle incli ned as the people, to levy a spec ial tax for ge nera l ed ucatio n. Although before the system was introduced by th e prese nt COIlstitution, th e counties and cities of the stale were a llowed by special enactment to adopt free schools for themse lves, it is doubted whether a single county 3,-ai led itself of the privilege, and whether more than olle or two cit ies were liberal mind ed enoug h to e nt er upon the work. A meeti ng of the magistrates of Albemarle w as called to co n sid er th e s ubject in 1797, the year after the act referred to was passed, at which were present Francis \Valker, Samuel Murrell , Rice Garland, \Vilson C. Nic hola s, George Divers, Bernard Brown, Thomas C. Fletc her and Th omas Bell. The decision at which they arrived was, "that no election of aldermen shall be held this year"-n or wa s any ever held tJ.tereafter. U nder the law of 1818 which required not les s th an five nor more t han fifteen Commissioners to be appointed in every con nt y, the full number was appointed in thi s county. They disposed of the quota of the State L iterary Fund apportion ed to the co unty, a nd provided for free educatiou a s fa r as this means would a ll ow. Childreu thus aided we re adm itted to the schools upon ce rtifi ca te from one of the magis trates. In 18-19 a memorable debate on the question took place before the people of the cou nty, and an election was held. Dr. \Vill iam H . McGuffey, of tbe Univers ity, took the stump in behalf of free sc hool s, and Ge neral \Vill iam F. Gordon and Col. T. J. Randolph against them. By the popular vote it was decided, tbM the time for public sc h oo ls barl not yet come.

As early as 1783, just aiter the Revolut ionary \Var, a movement was begun to establish a grammar school in Albemarle .

T hi!; appears from a letter of Mr. J efferson , wr itten the last day of that year. In it he narrates the eff orts he ha d made

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to secure a teacher, so me literary character of the Iri s h nation, or some person from Scotland-"from that count r y we are sure of having sober . attentive men." A charter was obt ained for the Albemarle Acad emy in 1803; but though trustees were elected, nothing further was accomplished.

Mr. Jefferson WaS Preside nt of the United States, and bad t he affairs of the country on his bands; the mainspring was therefore wanting. In 1814 he was appointed a trustee.

Agitation at once commenced, p lans were devised, a site w as pitched upon, the town of Charlottesvi ll e was se lected.

But t he project was soon enlarged. Albemarle Academy grew into Central College . The Leg is la ture made this cha nge of name in 1816, an d prov ided for the appointment by the Gover nor of six visitors, who should choose professo rs , and superintend the affairs of the new institution. The visitors were T homas J dferson, James ~Iaq.ison, Jam~s Monroe, J oseph C. Cabell, David \Vatson and John H. Cocke. The next year land was boug-ht from John !o.1. P erry, the present si te of t he Un iversit y, and on October 6th, 18 17 , th e corner stone of Cent r al College was laid .

T he design had received a start, and like the letting out of wa ters cou ld not be stopped. Matters ripened fa st . In F ebrua r y 1818. the Legi s lature enacted that the GO\'e rnor should appoint Commi ssio ners. one from each Se natorial d is trict of the State, who should meet in the month of August in t hat year at a tave rn in Rockfish Gap o n the Blue Ridge, and settle the s ite for a university, a plan for its construction, the sciences to be tau g ht , the num ber of professo rs, and a legislat ive bill for organizing and m anag in g the institutio n .

T hat body was appointed. and con sisted of the following gentlemen: Thomas J efferson, J ames Madison, Spencer R oane, Creed Taylor , P eter Ra nd olph, William Brockenb r ought Archibald Rutherford, Henry E. \Vatkins , Armis tead T. :'o.lasoo , Hugh Holmes, Johu G. Ja ckson, Will ia m H. C abell, Nathaniel H . Clai borne, \Vill iam A. E. Dade , \Villi am J ones, James Breckinridge. Philip C. Pendleton. Archibald Stuart, Thoma s Wilson , !o1. C. T aylo r, Philip Slaughte r , F au lkn er. All J ohn J ohnson, R. B . Tayl or, and

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except the la st three met at the t a ve m designated, which was the predecessor of the present Mountain Top, and was kept at the time by two brothers named Leake, kinsmen of the late HOll. Shelton F. Leake. 'l'heir ball of assembly was a low, whitewashed room, furnished with a deal dining table and split-bottomed chai rs. T he Commissioners were men of distinction. yet with them as with others local predilections had their we ight. Jefferson, who was chose n president, stro n gly endeavored to secure Central College as th e site.

Tw o other places \.... ere proposed, Staunton and Lexi ngton.

After mature conside r ation the vote was taken, and stood sixteen for Central College, three for Lexington, and two for Staunton. The work was virtually accomplished. On January 25th, 1819, Central College was by the Legislature tran SUluted iuto the Unive rsity of Virginia .

The erection of buildings which had been begun by the authorities of C(,lltral College, was already in a good degree of forwardness. The plan of the whole group, as well as the styles of the particular edifices, bad been designed by Mr. J efferson himself. All the residences. or pavilions, as they were called, and all the dQrmitories, 0 11 the \Vest Lawn were put up, and the interior wood work and plastering were in progress. Th is was true also in regard to the first and sec 0nd pavilions, that is, the two most northerly, and ten dormitories, on East Lawn. No contracts had yet been let for the remaining buildil1gs,the three southern pavilions and t he other dormitories on East Lawn,and the hotels and dormitories on the East and \Vest Ranges. Nor was any mention yet made of the erection of the Rotunda. The first pavilion designed in the Doric order, with the four adjoining dormitories, on \Ves t Lawn was built, the brick work by Carter and Phillips, and the wood work by James Oldham. Matthew Brown did the brick work, and James Dins more the wood work , of the second pavilio n in the Corinthian order. The third pavilion in the Ionic order, with the seven nearest dormitories, was erected, the brick work by J obn M. Perry, and the wood work by Perry and Din s more. The fourth pavilion in the Doric order, with fifteen dormitories adjacent, was

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b u ilt , the brick work by Matthew Bruwn, David Kni g ht and H ugh Ch is holm, and the wood work by John M. Perry. The fi fth pavilion anti one dormitory were bui lt , the brick work by Carter and Phillips , a nd the wood work by George W. Spooner and J o1m Neilson. Tbeentire work of pavili ons one and two, with the ten adjoining dormitories, on East Lawn, was contracted for by Richard \Vare.

According to Mr . J efferson' s report in 182 l , the cost of the ten pavilions wa s est im ated at eighty· six thousand dollars, of the o ne hund red a nd nine dormitories at sixty-five thousand, and of the six hote ls at twenty -four thousand. The ent ire sum for lan d, b uildings and labor was placed at two hundred and seven thousand. The construction of the Rotunda proved to be an expensive uudertaking. Au estimate published in Ni les's Register in 1826, se t down the cost of th e complete establishment at about four hundred thousa nd doll ars.

The scholastic duties of the University began at length on March 7tll, l825. The number of studen ts present at the opening was fort y; the whole uumber matriculated during t he session up to the last of September, wa s one hundred and sixteen. The Centra l Gazette issued on the se\'enth of l'iIarch noticed the opening, and stated "that many were said to have been prrvcnted from being present by heavy rains and bad road s."

I n the early days of the University there was a greater t endency to disorder among the st udents than has si nce been apparent. In 1836 wil d and boisterous spi rits preva iled to such an extent that th r firm hand of Benjamin Ficklin was required to repress their effervesce nce, and in 1840 tbe deplor· able death of Prof. John A. G. Davis occurred by the rash viole nce of a student. But the height of these excesses prod uced a reaction, and led to a more quiet and rational l ine of co nd uct. I t may be safely affirmed, that in the hi story of the in stitut io n as a w hole , there have bee n as little turbu lence and destructive r iot as in any assemblage of l ike kind in the country . In truth , notwi t hstanding reports to the contrary , the most healtbful mora l infl uences have been in •

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lilSTORY OF' ALBEMARLE

operation from the beginning. [ll 1828 the faculty by thei r fortual action invi ted Rev. F. \V . Hatch and Rev. F . Bowman, the Duly reside nt ministers in the town, t o preach alternately c\rery Suuday at th e Universi ty. In 1830 a T e mperance Society. bolding reg uiar sessions, was formed among the students. Its first officers were J. \V . C . \Vatso n, President. Thom as II. Hamner, first Vice Pres ident, Socrat~s Maupin, second Vi ce President, and Samuel Scott, Secretary, and a hall was e rected for its special use in 1856. About 1830 a chaplain wa s chosen by the fa c ulty to officiate regu¡ larly ill tbe institution, and for more than s ixty years this office was statedly filled, and supported by the voluntary contributions of the professors and students; and in 1 85 ~ a comfortable hOll se was built on the University grounds as the c haplaiu 's residence. During the period when the sce nes of gleatest disorder occ urred. a week ly prayer m eeting was mainta ined among the students by the energetic zea l of suc b mE'n 3S Dr. F rank Sampson and Re\r. D<! un is Dll d ley. then prosecuting their academic s tudies ; and late r a Young Men' s Chri stia n Associ3tiol1 was formed within its walls. which was the first organized body of the kiud in the country.

In those early days the students of the University wore a uniform. It cOlhisted of a suit of grayish cloth , called Oxford ;\llxed, speci3lly imported froll1 year to year by John Cochran, the coat braided on the collar, and the panta loons striped at the sides. Thi s badge of distin ction gave ri se to an extensive industry in Charlottes ville. F rom a hundred to a hundred and twenty journeyman tailors we re engaged in its manufacture, and th e firm of Marsha ll & Ba ile y, Shoemakers, E'llIp loyed from th irty five to forty hands in th eir business. 'rhe Publi c Hall a unexed to th e Rotunda, a n d destroyed by the fire of 1895, was cotUmenced in 185 1, and in 1859 Dawson's Row was erected. These buildi ngs were constructed with the pro c ~e ds of a farm devised by the will of Martin D.1WSOU, a citize n of the counly, who died in 1835. By the sale of tui s farm, the Sli nt of fourteen tbouslnrl dollars was real ized. The Chemical Laboratory was erected in 1870,

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the Brooks Museum in 1875 , and the bu il dings of the Mc Cormick Observatory in 1881. In 1859 a parcel of land belon ging t o Mrs. Sophia Joh nso n, contai nin g severa l springs, a nd lyin g in a ravine north of Observatory l\'Iountain, t ogether with the ri ght of way for pipes, was condemned for the use of the Universi ty. A reservoir was formed in the ravine to iurn ish the institution with a supply of water.

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CHAPTER V. T he on ly reference to the war of 18 12 in t he records occurs in 1866, wherean enumeratio n of the fam ily of James Michie, Jr ., was prese nted to the Court. It was th e re statee!, that in that contest that g"eo tl eman was a cor pora l in t he company o f Captain Estes, of the Virgi n ia militia, and that a land warrant for Qne hundred and s ixty acres wa s iss u ed to his descendants all that account. It is ascertained upon inquiry that a ca valry company from the county commanded by Colonel Sam uel Carr, and of which Dr. F ran k Ca rr wa s Surgeon, and an infantry company of w h ich Achilles Broadbead was Captain, were also- ca lled iuta service. From the same source it is learned t11at \Vi lliam Wertenbaker was a private in Captain E stes's company, and Henry Tu rner, the father of th e venerab le William H. Turn er , served in the cavalry. 'fo w hat point these troops were marched is not known ; but as t he enemy n ever landed on the soil of the State, no occasi on happened for their employment in ac t ion .

I n a letter dated Septe m ber 1814, and written by 'William \Vi rt, who commanded an artille ry company ill camp on York Ri\·er, he says, "Frank Gi lme r , J eff erson Randolph, the Carrs and others, have got tired waiting for the Bri t is h, and gone home."

Captain Estes above m e ntioned was Triplett T . E stes, who for many yea r s kept the Stone T avern on th e sq uare on which L ipscomb's livery s table s tands. In the appointment of Processioners in 181 1 , he is designated as Captain of the militia compa ny in th e dis tric t immed iately south of Char· lott ~svi ll e , and to whi c h the inhabit ants of the town belonged . lI e wa s unfortunate i n hi s business affairs . H e purchased th e Ston e T avern with its s urrounding sq uare, but was un· able to ma ke the paym e nts. At one tim e he a lso owned the farm 011 Bisc uit Run whic h Martin Dawson afte rw ards dev ised to the Universi ty; but that togethe r with a ll his property

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was sold unde r deeds of tru st. A bou t 1819 he removed from Charlottesvi lle to Frede ricksb urg, and in 1832 wa s livin g in Dinwi dd ie County, probably in Petersburg.

I n 1816 the County Court recei ved a comlUunication from th e State author ities, requesting a survey of the County to be made in orde r to the preparation of an accurate map of the State. I n compliance with this request they ap?ointed Dabney Minor, Dr. Frank Carr and Dr. Charles Brown to arran ge for the survey; and in answer to their o\路ertures \Villi am H. Meriwether propose d to undertake the work. It is supp osed he carried it iuto effect; but no details of the tim e or lUanner of its accomplishment ha ve been lound.

T he results of this and other similar surveys throughout the State, were committed to John \Vood, an eminent engineer of the day. H e however d ied in 1822, before the completion of hi s task. The frui t s of his labors, with all the materia ls which had been collected, were then entrusted to Herman B oye By the contract entered into with him, the map was to have been finished on the first of April 1824, and in all likelihood it was published during the course of that year.

A well preserved copy formerly hung in the Uui"er~ity Library in the Rotunda, but it no d(.~bt perished in t be fire of 1~95. Two or three other copies in private hands. llluch defaced by time and want of care, have been lUet with in the county.

T he Legislature passed an act in J anua ry 1818, establishin g the town of Scottsville on J ames Rinr This point had been well known frOUl the beginning of tbe county. In its proximity the first courthouse had been located, and for seventeen year~ was tbe centre of public business for all the surrounding" con ntry. It can hardly be quC!stioned that the peopl e of the neighborhood looked upon it as a heavy hlow, whe n the seat of justice was removed. and they were obliged to repair to Cha rl ottesville in discharge of their public fun ctio n s.

I t continued nevertheless to be a p lace of considerab le notoriety. As Scott's F erry, it was a point oj chief impo r7

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lan ce in crossing the river J ames , and maintaiui ng the mean s of commuuication between the inhabitant s north and so ut h of that str ea m ; and as Scott's Lauding, it was a station of some conseq ue nce in the business of its n avigation. When th e T obacco \Vare houses were establisht d at Milto n and the mouth of Ba ll e n ger's Creek in 17 92, libe r ty was also give n for the e rec tio n of Qne au J ohn S CO lt's land at Scott's F~ rry , but r es tricted by the conditions, that th e proprietor should construct a n erJifice of b r ic k or s tan,,", with roo f o f slate or tile , and w ith gates of iron, and th at unt il the Connty Court entered upon their r ecords the fa c t of such constructio n. no tobacco should be received, and no inspecto rs appo inted.

A s no fact of the ki n d wa s made a ma tte r of record , it would appear t he p roprietor rega rded the condition s too burdenso me to fu lfil.

The desi re for the fOlluding of a tow n at thi s place was un doubted ly st imulated by th e progress of the J ames Rive r improve me nt, a nd the furt her e xte n sion of the can a l.

An abortive attempt see m s to have bee n made in 1816 by priva te efforts of the Co les fa mily , who sold a number o f lots with that end in view. T wo years la te r the sa nction of the L egislat ure was obtai ned for the projec t. F ifteen acres of land belonging to John Scott were vested in Samuel Dyer, Sr., Samue l Dyer, Jr . , Chri s topher Hud son, Tuck er Coles a nd J ohu Coles as Tru stees, to be laid out in half acre lots , to b e conveyed to purchasers, and to be called t he town of Scottsv ille . Thirty t hree lot s and four outlots were sold the same year for upwards of thirtee n thousand do llars. A b out 1830 an ad diti on was made all it s western boundary by Peyton H arriso n, who had !')ince its origiu p urchased the Belle Grove pIautat ion, which lay just above the t OW 11, and on which the o ld courthouse formerly stood .

I n ISN the Staunton and J a m es Rive r T urn t)ike wa s COlllme nceci, and S co ttsville was its river terminus.. Because of its fine shipping faci lities, it was uot lo ng- before grea t nUlllbers of h\l~(" old-fashiolled wag-ons throllg"ed its st reet s, la rJ.:'e co nsignments of prod \Ice from the west, and of l11erchantlist! frOIll the easl, filled it~ warehouses, an:! it beca m e the

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emporium of a busy co mmerce, and rapidly rose to grea t pros per ity. A t obacco warehouse was now successfully establish ed . and its first inspec t ors were h.m es B. H olma n , James T ho mas ,路 F leming ;"'1 001) and Rich ard Omohundro.

It enjoyed the brig"htness of these palmy days until about 18jO, when its flourishing trade was greatly diminished by the advent of the railroads. It continued however to possess th e benefits of the cana l. and when th at was relinquislled . those o~ the rai lway w h ich sllcceeded in its stead.

No ne'vspaper was published in Albemarle during the first seventy-five years of its existence, nor until the fifty-seventh ycar after th e esta bl ish ment of Charlottesvi lle. Peop le dependt!d on Richm ond and W ashington for infonnatiou of events transpiring in th e world, and as in those days th e mai l was rece ived but once a week, it is probable bu t few dailies were taken. At t!Je close of the la st century the Courts directed their orders to be pu blished in the Virginia Gazette in Richmond , and after the beginning of the present century, sometimes in a paj::!r of Staunton, and sometimes in one of Ly nc hburg _ But in a county where so much of intellectual cu ltivat ion e x isted , where Charlottesville Acad emy had merged into Central Coll ege, and Ce ntral College was merging into the University of Virginia, it was high time that a step so indi cative of men tal and lite rary activity should be taken_ The fir st paper issucd in its bounds was t he Central Gazette. its first number appearin g on tbetweuty-ninth of Janu a ry , 1820.

It s proprietors were Clement P. and J ohn H . .Mc Kennie It becam e th e medium of advert isements for thi s and tile contiguous counties. Some original co mmunicat ions were contributed. b u t the main part of its literary matter conSIsted of extracts from other papers, setting forth the political events of the day, and the news from foreign countries. After a time Thomas 路 \V _ Gilmer wa s associated with its editorial staff. It is not cert ainly known bow long its publication continued, but it probabl y ceased a bou t 1827 or 1828. A nuwber of it s volumes bound, and runn ing perhaps through its whole course, were deposited in the University Library. ,

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but all except the first were unfortunately consumed in the fire of 1895.

The Yirginia Advocate was the next journal that appeared.

It began si multaneously '\\, it h the cessati on o f the Ga zette. I ts first editors were Thoma s \V. Gilmer and J ohn A. G. Davis .

Ni cho las P Trist subsequently t oo k part in it s management.

It then passed int o the hands of Dr. Frank Carr, and was sold by h im in 1830 to E. \V. Reinhart. After an interval of some yea rs it was under the control of \Villiam \V. Tomp路 k in s and Alexander Mose ley, the la tter of whom afte rwards became the distingu ished edit or of the Richmond Whig.

Lat er it was conducted by Robert C . Noel, \Villi am J. She l 路 ton audJames C. lIalsa ll , a nd s t ill later itwas edited Sllccess ively by J ohn L. Cochran and J ames C. S outhall.

In the meantime, about 1829 o r 1830, J ames Alexander came to Charlottesville from Ma ssac hu setts tbrougb the agency of Colone l T . J. Randolph, to u nde rtake th e printi!1g of 1\l r. Jefferson's correspondence. \Vhen that work was complet ed, Mr. Alexande r commenced in 1836 t he pUblication of the Jeffersonian Republica n, avowedly as a Democrat ic organ. Some yea rs be fore the o pp os iti on to Genera l Jackson had assumed positive fo rm, and betwee n the Whig and Democratic parties lines of demarca tion bad been dis t inctly drawn. 'f ile Advoca te had taken sides with th e former, a nd to furthe r the interests of the latte r the J eff e rsonian was set on foot. l\I r. Alexande r was the ostensib le edit or as well a s pub lis her, though h e was constantly s upplied with articles written by such active membe rs of the party as Colonel Rando lp h, Fra nk R u ffin, Shelton F . L ea ke and otbers.

These two papers ran side by side until both we re sus pended by th e disorganiz in g inOuences of the civil war. During thei r continuance a periodica l o f some s ort, exhibi ting the titl e of T he Idea, was started by Thomas W. Mic h ie , but apparently it proved ephe meral in its durat ion. A few mon ths before the war began, a new jourual a ppeared under the name of the Charlottesville Review, but owing to the disastrou5 pressure of the times it s urvived but a short seas on.

A reli gious paper , the Chri s tian In telligencer, was p u blis hed for a t ime in Charlottesville by Rev . James Goss.

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All papers had discontinued their issues by May 1862. \Vbile the period of suspension la sted, orders of Court were directed to be publi s hed in Lynchbu rg or Staunton. In October IBM James C. Southall commenced the publicltioll of th e Chronicle. and in 1868 disposed of it to Bennett Taylor ane! John \V. Foster. They were succeeded by Littleton Waddell , and he, by H. B. ~lichie. Some years after the war the J effersonian Republican was recommenced by R. P. Valentine, with A. R. Blakey as editor. It was afterwards transferred to J ames Blakey, who conducted it several years.

The present paper of the county, the Progress, was launched as a Daily in 1890 by J. H. Lindsay, and it was not long before it ahsorbed botb of the other papers. The Chronicle was published as a Tri-\Veekly, and all the other journals mentioned except the Progress as Weeklies.

Besides the Corresponden;::e of ~Ir. Jefferson which has been mentioned, a Gazetteer of Virginia wa!> published in Charlottesville in 1835 by Joseph Martin, It was an octavo of more than six hundred pages. It contained a collection oi statistics, valuable at the time, a description of each county, with an enumeration of its post offices, a history of Virginia, written expressly for the \'-:ork. and a map of the State as it then was. Quite a corps of collaborators was engaged in its execution. \Villiam H . Brockenbrougb, a membe r of the Al bemarle bar. and subsequently Judge of the United States District Court of Florida, was editor, Moseley a nd Tom pkins printers. Joseph Martin binder, and E . C. Morse general aid.

I n early periods the people of the county seem to have been animated by a stronge r public spirit than prevails at prese nt . This was manifested in their frequent co-operative act ion for attaining important results. For some time prior to 182 0 the A lbemarle Agricultural Society was accomplishing a successful work, its mem be rs publishing accounts of their in dividual experiments, maintaining a correspondence with kind red bodies, and holding: anuual exhibitions of their products, with the award of liberal premiums to competitors who excelled . An idea of the powerful influence it exerted

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for good, may be farmen. froUl the list of those who took a lead ing part in its a ffair s. Jam es Madison was its Presj路 dent Its first Vice President wa s Th omas Mann Randolph, it s second, Jobn H. Cocke, its Treasurer, Nimrod Bramham, and its Secretaries, P eter l\'I inor and Dr. Frank Carr. Its Committee of Correspondence were T. M. Randolph, James Barhaur. Dr. T homas G . 'V atkins, \Villiam D . ,M eriwether and Peter Minor, and its Committee of Accoun ts, Dabney Minor, Dr. Thomas E. Randolph and John J . Winn. Among the ex cellent disquisitions published on these subjects, Colonel Randolph described his experiments with clove r, J ohn I-I . Craven how he reduced the great gu ll ies with which Pen Park was furrowed when it came into his possession, and Peter Minor the results of different m ethods of cO!"Il-planting on high lands. At one of its yearly exhibitions, the first premium for the best tilled farm in the county was assigned to John Rogers, and the second to John H . Craven. On these occasions George \V路 Ki nsolving and William \\Toods, Surveyor, displayed their fiue blooded horses, the latter supplying his stables with purchases from the cho ice stock of John Randolph of Roanoke. Beyond question the agency of this Society gave a powerfu l stimulus to the improvement of the live stock of the county, as well as to the bette r cultivation of its soil.

I n those days a Colonizl'ltion Society existed, of which 1 0n'1than B. Carr was Treasurer, and wbicb held an annual meeting on the first :i \Ionday of October. In furtherance of its ohjects Rev. Francis Bowman preac hed a ser mon on the Fourth of July 182 4, and ill;\Iay 1830 the ladies of Charlottesville a.nd the county held a fair at Fitch's Tavern.

The Albemarle Bible Society was org-anized in August 1828 Nathaniel Burnley acted as Secretary when they first convened, and the first Monday of August was appointed as the time of the annual meeting. A full staff of officers was elected for a thorough canvass of the cOllnty, and for the energetic prosec ution of its work. Hugh Nelson was President, John Kelly, Vice President, Rev . F. \\T. Hatch, Secretary, Rev. F. Bowman, Treasurer, a nd Dr. Hardin Massie,

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William \Vood s, Surveyor, Nimrod Bramham , G. \V. K in路 solving and John Rogers , Mana gers. Agents were likewi se chosen to awaken interest in the differe nt battalion distri cts.

George \Vood and Allen Dickerson served in the first battali on of the Eighty-Eighth Regiment, J ohn J. Bowcock and M. Fretwell in tIle secon d, Dr. I-'rarri s and John B. Hart in the first battalion of the Forty-Seventh, J ohn L. Thomas and Matthew P ilson in the secon d, a n d Dr. H. l\lassie in the towe of Charlottesville. It is a matter of interest t o know who at that time were leaders in so praiseworthy a cause.

A D ~ bat ing Society was maintained in Charlottesville, which , besides kindling the talents and directing the stlldies of the young men of t he tOWIl, quickened the patriotism of the community by occasi ona lly celebrating the Fourth of J Uly. 0:) that day 1830, they assembled in the Presbyteri an Church, whe re Dr. Frank Carr read the Declaration of Ind epende nce , and Nathaniel \VoIfe, a membe r of the bar, delivered an or ation .

I n 1830 the Albemarle Temperance Soc iety was formed with Dr. Frank Carr as President, Dr. H . Ma ssie, Vice Pres ident, J . W. C. \Vatson, Secretary, a nd Edward S. \Vat so n, T reasurer.

Ncr should it be omitted, that as a means of promoting the mental life and culture of th e community, a meeting was held in 182 3 for the establishment of a public lib r ary . A committee was appointed to draft a consti tut ion, an d another con sis ting of 1\1r. Jefferson, Rev. F. Bowman and John Ormond, a member of the bar, to pre pare a catalogue of appropriate books for purchase. Tbe next year the Albe路 marie L ib rary Association was organized. V. W. Southa ll was its President, J ohn J. Winn its Vice President, Ira Garrett its Secretary, William \Vertenbaker its Treasurer, and \Villi am H. Meriwether its Librarian. Its doors were to open Mondays and Frid ays, from eleven A. M. to three P. M. Like m a ny other beneficent projects , it has passed away among the things that were, and its books scattered to the four winds. Occasionally an odd volume may s t ill be met with, marked with the label of the Association.

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HISTORV 01" ALBE:-'IAR L E

The visit of Lafayette to thi s countr y occurred in 1824, and Al be m arle wa s particularly h oo ored with his presence. In No\'ember of tbat vea l' be came from Richmond to exc hange greetings with Mr . J efferson . Special preparations were ma de for his reception. At the Fluv anna line a troop of cavalry , [l a rned in his honor the L afayette G uards. m et him on Thursday the e leve nth , to escort him to :'Iollticello. The offi ce rs of this detachment were J ohn H . Craven, Ca ptai n, G eorge \V. K insoiving, Firs t L"ielltenant, R ich a rd \\'at so n, Second L ieutenant , and Th omas \V. Gilm er, Cornet. Ou Its arri\"al at that poin t , the carriage co n ta iuing L afayette wa s h alted, and he w as addressp.d by \V illial11 C. Rives , who in th e course of hi s remarks mentioned, t hat he was held in lively and affect ionate remembrance by t he people of Virginia, and that not fa r from where they stood there r emained a memento of hi m and his gallant services ill their behalf d uring th e Revolution, as th e r oad hy which he led his army to protect the old Court Honse from Cornwallis's app r oach , s till bore t he name of tlJe ~Iarqu i s's Road.

Wh e n t he cortege arrived at .M on ti ce llo, the troop was drawn up, on each side of the southern lawu. L afayette alighted a sbort di5tance from the po rti co, Irorn which J efferson descended with totte ring steps to meet him as be approached. As th ~y drew near, the aile excla imed with choking emotion , " L afayette ," and th e othe r with the sa m e tender pathos, "Jefferson," and for a season they were lock ed in ea ch othe r 's embrace, while tears freely coursed d own th eir c hee k s . So affecting wa s the scene that the re was scaT ce iy a d r y eye among all the spectato rs. At length Before th e ven erah le friends turned and ente red the house they were seat ed however . word was brought to L afayette that a co mpa ny of youth, s t yled th e J unior Voluntee rs, w ho had bee n a part of hi s escor t from the Fluvanna line. wished to offer him the tribute of the ir respect. He immediately returned to the porti co, where he was sal uted in a n admirab le and m anly address by Egbert R. \Vatson, the n fourtee n years of age. \Vhell th e conclus ion was reached , h e approached t he youthfu l orato r , and takiug both hi s hands in

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h is own, ass ured him and hi s companion s of his hearty appreciation of th ei r rece ption.

On Friday the twelfth , he was conveyed to the Central H otel in Charl ottes ville, where be was addressed by Thomas J. R audo lph. A public reception followed. At nOOll a procession was form ed and m a rched to the Uni\~ersity, where on t he portico of the Rotunda he wa s again addressed by William F. Gordon. In the Ro tunda, then ill an unfinished condit ion, a large number of guests sat do\.... n with bim to dinner. According to the programme, Governor Randolph wa s to have presided on t be occasion; but being necessarily a bsent, his place was happily filled by V. W. Southall. At six o'clock Lafayette returned to Montice ll o, accompanied by J efferson and Madi so n, with whom he quietly s pent the in terval unti l .Monday the fift eent b. On that day he was again taken in charge by t he Guard s, and conducted as far as Gordonsyill e on his ,vay to )'lontpe1ier.

At th is period, and fo r some time previous, many persons visited the connty to obtain tbe sight of Monticello, and its distinguished occ upant. T hey ca me from all parts of the country , and even from foreign land s. l\[r. J efferson was ob liged largely to pay the pen alty of greatness. Some of his visitors wer e ani m ated by a just admiration of his bri ll iant gifts and services, others moved by a curiosity both low and annoying. An Englishma n, who spent some time ill the country towa rd the end of 1824, left all record bis great d elight with tbe aged statesman, with Charlottesvi ll e, and with the whole state of Virginia; and as an instance of the un bou nded hospitality he had experienced , he s tates, that the evening before his departure from Charlottesville he was obliged to sup with three different famili es . Another s tranger , in a lette r dated March 1825, e xpresses himself in t he followin geuthusiastic terms over the beauty of Albemarle sce n ery: "The site of the vill age [Charlottesville] is upon the su mmit of a gentle elevation whic h begi n s to rise from the foot of Monticell o. It contains a courthouse , a half finished church, and tbree or four tavern s, which constitute the whole

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of its public buildings. It covers a limited porti on o f ground, and from its appearance, though I canuot positively affirm the fact, may number six hundred inhabitants. \VbCll a travelle r arrins in the village, he is struck with the sublime, beautiful and picturesque sce nery which everywhere sur路 round s him, and he pauses to contemplate with eager curi05ity the magnifice nt prospect which meets his view . He forgets there is s uch a pJace as Charlottesville in existence. wbt-ll be casts his eye upon mOllntain after mountain rising in regular succession, and whose lofty summits mingle witb the s ky till they are lost in the distance. At one time the tops of these lofty blls are enveloped in clouds, and at others when the glorious King of day sinks behind them, and tinges with golden rays their ele\'ated heads, it calls forth an unfeigned burst of admiration, The pu r e, unadulterated air whi ch descends into this village, surrounded with these mountains, gives infallible toke n that the best of all earthl y blessi ngs, health, dwells among them ."

Besides the public buildings referred to above, Charlottesville had at that time a market house. I n October 1829, Opie Korris advertised the "old" structure of that name for sale, and required the removal of all the materials from the ground. Its site was on Market Street immediately east of Th ird . Soon after the war another edifice of the kind was taken down at the west end of Market Street; whether it was erected just after the demolitiou of t he first is not known, It was an advanced period in the history of the county before banking facilities were enjoyed, I n the earlier years when a business man wished to remit money in the long intervals of a payme nt in person, it was a common practice to cut in two a bank note of high denomination, and send a half by mail, and when the receipt of that was acknowledged, to send the other half. In one instance this Ulode of remittance led to an unhappy episode in the life of one of the citizens. in 1820 Solomon Ballou advertised to run a hack to and fro III Rich'mond once a week, leaving Charlottesville on \Vedncsdays at the tavern of G. W. Kinso\\'ing, and R ichmond on

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107

Satu rdays at Saunder's T anru. His design was to transport pJSSellgers, and also to carry the llails. Sometime after Opie Norris in the course of business sent the half of a 6 fty dollar note to a correspondent in Richmond . H eari ng nothing in reply, he had the other half mailed from ~e150n Co u nty to go by a different route, accompanied with the e x planation t hat he had already sent the first ha lf. Assured that the latter had not been received, he had Ballou arrested and sea rched, and the missing piece was found on his perso n .

I n consequence he was convicted of robbing the mail, and sent for a term of years to the penitentiary. What see med a prosperous career, was thu s brought to a sad end. Bqlloll was doubtless the son of a man of the same name, who in 1780 bought a l arge plantation hetween I vy Creek alJ~ :\Iechum's R ive r fro m Rev. William 'Voods, After his fall, Frank B. Dyer sold under a deed of trust Lot Twenty-~ine the most easterly lot of the old town 011 the south side of ),Iain Street -of which he was the owner; and in 1832, when his im路 p risonment had probahly ended, he and his wife Philadelphia sold t o J ohn Lee t he south end of the lot on which the Perley Bu ilding stands It was still some time before a baLking house was openen in t he county. The first concern of lne kind was founded during the decade of 1830. Thi s was the Savings Bank of C harlottesville , of which J oh n H. Bibb was Cashier, and whi ch, whe n it~ business bad growu to large proportions in later years, bad its o ffice in the building of the ~[onticell0 Bank. I n the beginniug of 18-t0, a branch of the Farmers ' Bank of Virginia was located in Charlottesville . at first on t he west side of the Square. Jobn R. JOtH'S, Jam es "'.

Saunders and T. J . Randolph were its Presidents in succession, \Vi ll iam A . Bibb its Cashier, and Kemp Lowry and Edlow Bacon its Tellers, It was here the venerable John M . Godwin received his financial training, being connec tt!d with the bank during the whole of its existence. The present City II all on the corner of ~[arket and Fifth Streets. was erected fo r the prosecution of its business.

Shortl y after the establishment of the Farmers' Bank, the

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HIS1'ORY OF ALBEMARLE:

Monticello Bank was commenced. Its pla ce of business was th e large edi fi ce on the corner of :'I'lain and Fourth Streets, wh ich was es pecially built for its use. N. H. Massie was its Preside nt , B . C. Fl a nnagan its Cashi er, and Alexander P .

Abell it s T ell e r.

All these in sti tut io ns were p erm a nently closed by the civi l war. The one la st mentioned had a somewha t rom a ntic prolong ati on o f its p roceed ings after the cessation of bos tili路 ti es . \V he n t owa rd s the termination of the war ap pre hens ian s w ere e nter tai ned of the Sheri da n Raid, it was dee med advi sable to re move the s pec ie of the b a nk from it s v a ults.

P rotec ted by a det achme nt of the Provos t Guard, several b oxes o f gold and si lve r coi n w ere taken from the b ank to th e res idence o f B. C. Flann agan , now in the occu pancy of J udge L yon. The sa me night t he ba nk officers , acco mpa ni ed b y a fri e nd a nd a negro in w ho m confid ence was reposed, trans p orted the m ac ross t he conntry to the brow of the h ill on the ea st s ide o f Ivy C reek , nea r the po int w he re it is crossed b y t he \\1 h itehall Roa d. I n the evide nce d etailed before the Cour t, a g raphi c desc r iptio n was g iven of the journey, made t oi lsome b y th e ir hea v y burde n s . am idst the g loo m of t he n octurna l d arkness, over the fa ce of th e la nd unmarked by a n y ob iect in th e s h ape of enclos ure or fe nce. a ll hav in g bee n s wept awa y b y t b e rava ges o f the war.

R each ing th e p lace proposed, they hastily d ug h oles for the rece ption of t h e b oxes . Ther foulld the ground froze n a nd s tony , so t hat t heir wo rk wa s di ffi cult. They were likewise hampered by the fe ar , tha t the noise of t heir picks s tr iking upon t he rock s m ight a ttrac t the ears of some belated passe n ger. Th e res ult w as that the boxes were partly buried in shall ow ex cav ation s , and partiy co\'ered with leaves under t he trunk of a fa lle n tree . After the return of peace it was discovered that the money buried in the earth was gone, wh ile that concealed under the leaves remain~d undisturbed.

I n searching the s urrounding loca l ity an e nvolope was fo und addressed to G eorge \\1. Bailey. Inquiry revea led the fact. that he an d several friends had been fi sll ing along Ivy Creek a few days before. Bai ley wa s arres ted, and no other I

HI STO R Y OF ALBEMARLE

109

evidence a p pearing at his examination, was discharged. lIe there u po n brought suit against B . C . Flannagan, who had p rocured his arrest. T he case was tried at t he October term of t he C ircu it Court in 1866, and excited intense interest in the commun ity, both from the mysterious incide nt s involved, and from the brilliant array of legal talent on both sides.

T he jury came to the conclusion tilat the defendant had not acted unjustly or unreasonably.

After the war the Charlottesvi ll e National Bank was organized in place of the Monticello Bank, with the same officers. In 1867 the Farm ers' and Merchants ' Bank opened its doors on the n orth side of Main Street below F ift h, its P res ident being John L. Coc hran, and its Cashier John 11.

Godwin. About the same tim e t he Virginia Loan & Trust Company was projected, but was not long after transformed into th e Citizens' National Bank, under Doctor Henry How a rd as its President, and W. 'V. Flan nagan as its Cashier.

On the death of Doctor Howard in 1874, this institution was consolidated with the Ch arlottesville Nat ional Bank. In cons e qu ~ n ce of t he finan cial panic which swe pt over the country in 1873, and of discounts granted beyo nd safe lim its, bot h of the remai ning banks collap,;ed , entailing upon the cowlllunity no little loss, and causing a serious disturbance of its business. In the lack of banking faci lities thus occasio ned, the Albem a rle Insurance Company, which was est abl ished in 1 85~, and had been managed with great profit, became a place of deposit in charge of John Wood Jr .; but it shortly failed under the st ringen cy of the times. To meet the requirements of trade, B. H . Brennan, who had recently corn elo the county from Buffalo , New York, opened a private bank, w ith his son F rederick, as Cashi er, an d Daniel Harmon, as T ell er . It likewi se suffered from ad\-erse conditions, and soo n s uccumbed.

At the close of this season of commercial disa s ter and gloo lll , t be present monetary institution s, the People's Na路 tiona l Ba n k, ano. the Bank of A lbemarle, entered upon their career , and by careful and skilful supen路isiou, it is believed, are fi x ed on firm foundations . .

11 0

HI STORY O F AL BEM A RL E

The Cour ts, besides discha r ging the ord inary ro ut ine of bu siness co m mi tted to th ei r ch arge . m aintained a vigilan t o\-ersigll t of t he mora ls of the peo pl e. SOlUe of t h e former ge nerations of the co uoty ap pea r to h a ve bee n much morc addicted to tbe v ice of gamb lin g t ba u the p resen t . It pertained to t he country as welt a s the t o wn ; and the ga m este rs , by re!'=orting to the count ry taverns , frequent ly b rough t t he ir hos ts iuto the clutches of t he la w , as it s proh ibi t io n was levelled at the place DO less tha n t he p e rso n . The m ag ist rates SOuRbt to rep ress the evil wit h a s tea d y ha nd. I n 1807 F errell Carr was present ed before the County Court for thi s offence, a nd was bound ove r t o abs tin ence. J os hu a Grad y , Daniel F arley and H enry C hiles were fr eque nt t ra nsgressors.

I n 1812 ;"I a rt in l.' ltacker wa s he ld u uder ba u ds ill the C irc uit Cour t "to abs tain frOIU the iufa mo us p rac t ice of ga mb lin g."

I n fact 3. large portion of the cases comi ng b efore J uri ge Stuart during his early occupancy of the be nch, we re t res pa~ses of this kind; and no doubt t he rigid sternness with which he pursued the delinq uents, greatly di m in ished t he ir number. and the freq ue ncy o f thei r m isdeeds .

The Courts were a lso firm ly reso lu te in keepi n g in check t he impetuous spiri t s, t ha t became undu ly heated in t be CO I1 flicts of the bar. or t he cOlUpetit ions of daily life. Not to cover great names with reproach, bu t to show that tbe mos t eminent are mell of like passio ns w it h t h e m ass of manki nd , records of t his Il'lture may be reca ll ed .

Dab ney Carr, He/tuUlIl et venerabile nomen," and Geo rge P oindexte r we re placed under bonds t o keep t he peace in 1801. S o we re John T . H awkins and Richard T errell the lle x t year. I u 1828 Charles A. S cott was bound over for a b reac h of the peace against Isaac A. Coles. I n 1833 T ho m as W . G ilm e r and \Villiam C. Rives were oblilted t o give sec ur ity to live peace ably with each otber, a nd t be s u m of one th o u s a n~l do ll a rs sp"cified ill th eir bauds indicated the s harp ness o f t beir contention. In this case J ohn Gi lme r becalUe suret y fo r the former, Pctcr ~ t eriwdher for the latte r , a nd J ames C lar k for boll路. AI(!x:ll1dcr Rives was he ld under bonds ill 1836 with A lex.llllh:r ~ I oscle}', and in 184() with \Vi lli s II. \Vood le y.

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In ISH John S. Moon and Jesse L. H eis k ell were placed under similar restrai nt; and so stra ined were the relations between the two, that the saUle year they were presented for attempting to fight a duel. ::\[any instances happened in the past h istory of the county, in which these barbarous encounters proceeded as far as design; but fortunat ely through the vigilance of the magistrates, or the opportune intervention of the police, they were suffered to proceed no further.

Among these was the case of th e irrepressible L ewis T. \V igfall in 1835, while a student of the Ulli"ersity, and subsequently a member of the United States Senate frotU Texas.

For contempt of Court in 1850 , a fine of fifty dollars was imposed on Roger A. Pryor , at that time a practitioner of tbe Albemarle bar.

At the October term of the Circui t Court in 1818, a p re sentment of a different character took place. Andrew Hart Sr., Alexander Blain, \V illiam B. Harris, J ames H art, Andrew Hart Jr., James Rohinsoll Sr., Jesse Hamner and James Robin so n Jr., were summoned to answer to the charge of the unlawful assembling of slaves , and teaching them at the Cove Meeting Hou se, on the Sundays or S eptember tw enty seventh and October fourth. T his vresentmellt was based on tb~ information of H enry T . H arris, Isaac Hays Jr., \Villiam Suddarth and Samuel W. Martin. James Robinson, Pastor at the Cove, was also presented indh'idually for words spoken in addressing the negroes. He was reported, 'on the information of I saac Hay s, Ir. alo ne, as having said , "You have been disappointed in your scbool, but do not be dis路 hearte ned. Come and attend to me. I will instru ct you, and I have no doubt that iu fifteen or twe nty years you will be as free as your masters." It is impossible now to obtain an exact knowledge of all the particu lars of this case, as all the parties connected with it have long since pa ssed from the land of the living, and a recollection of the faintest tinge as to the mere fa ct rem ai ns in the minds of their descendants.

T hat there was a technical offence, cannot be gainsaid. Nor is it unlikely that some local excitement was arollsed by the occurrence, as the language of ~Ir. Rob iuson, if he really

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HISTORY OF ALBHMARLE

uttered it. was inexcusably indiscreet. It happened too that J ames Robinson, the SOD, abused Elijah Brown , who was a Gr3ud Juror in the case. for which he was summarily brought before the Judge and fiu E.d one hundred dollars; though upon h is poverty bei ng proved it was reduced to fifty . But it may well becoujectured there were considerations of an exten uating nature. ).1r. Rob in son was probably in bad health, llS be died within the next two years. H e was himself ':1 s lave holder. In l S3 ~ two negroes be longing to h is estate, were all accoun t of age o r disease exe mpted from tax at ion . H en ry T. H arris was one of his elders, and \Villiam Suddarth perbaps olle of bis members, certainly a membe r of h is congregat io n . No doubt these persons testified simply in obedie n ce to the ir su m IU Oll S. But th e stro ngest apology was the nature of the work in which the :1ccused were engaged . In struction from th e word of God, even when gi\'en agai nst th e letler of the la w, wa s an act wh ich not o nly no Chri s tian, b ut no re' flecting and r igh t ¡ th in k ing, mind would condemn. Every enlightened cons.:ie nce would a rise to speak in its behalf .

At any rate s uch observant g u ardians of the law as Jud g~ Stuart and J ohn H owe Pey ton permitted it quietly to drop.

The case was continued for tw o or three term s, and th en di smissed .

Near the latter p art of 1822 a brutal murd er was cOlUmitted ill th!! Ragged ).I ounta ins , not far from T ay lor's Gap. A m a n n amed Hud son Sprouse killed S usan Sprouse, a woman nearly related to him by the t ies of kindred. lIe was tried for the c rime at the O ctober term of the Circuit Court, 1823, and tb ougb defended by Ri ce \Vood, Frank Dyer and V. \V. Southall , wa s convicted o f murder in the fir s t degree. In the examina tion of persous s ummoned on tbe vC!l ire, as to wh ether th ey bad form ed opinions respec ting the guilt of the accll sed , A b rah a m Wiant decla red tha t be hart formed a subs t antial opi ni on on the subject. Judge Stuart . directed his enrollment as a juror, when he was peremptorily challenged by the priSOIlU'S counse l . This order of the Judge was made the ground of all appe:'ll. and t he Court of Appea ls, holding' th at a s uh ~ tallt ia l opinion was tantaooount to a decided opin-

UISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

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ion , granted a new trial. The pri sone r being arraigned again at th e Oct ober term 1824, it wa s found impossible to ob tai n a jury, th e whole community appearing to have adjudged him guilty. T he Judge immediately re1l10\-ed the ca se to Rockingham County, where he was tried on the nineteenth of the same month, an d co n victed. H e was hanged at Harrisonburg on the te ntb of the ensuing December, utterly hardened to h is fat e, and repelli ng every approac h on t he part of otbe r s . except towards a Mr. Best , who had made kind and ea r nest eff o rt s to prepare him for his end. It ought uot to be que~tioned that the Court ab ove acted, as they were ob li ged to act, according to the ru les of law ; but it can be as little questioned , that th ese a re the proceedings that occasion the e n forceme n t of Lyn ch law. It is difficult to see bow, if the L egis lature shou ld make fina l a certificate of the Judge, that th e accused had a fair, impartial tria l , and was convicted on sufficient testimony. it would luilitate against the most scrupul ous di cta tes of justice, or in a ny way abridge the rights a nd safety of mankind .

Another shock was given the community in 1833 by a murder perpetrated 011 the person of Peter U. Ware. lIe was a tin nE' r by trad e. and had his shop on F ifth Street be low the o ld Advocate office. H e was a quiet, inoffensive man, and had only a year or two before been married to Elizabeth Mayo. I n compliancl:'" with some call of convenience or busin ess, he had gone to the Buck I s land neighborhood, where he was assai led by two negroes. and killed. as was supposed, for the purpose of robbery. Circumstances of a su s pi cious kind led to the arrest of P eter, a servant of I saiah Stout, and Lean de r , who helonged to E l izabeth Dean, and the y were speedily brought to trial. Egbert R. Watson, who had been recently admitted to the ba r , was assigned as their cOllosel, and put forth his maiden advocacy in their defence. They w e re however condemned, and in the following October executed on the hill above Schenk's Branch opposite Mudwal!. which at that time had become the Gallow s I-li ll of the town.

Th e mos t unhappy eve nt iu the history of the University occurred in November 1840. Some of the students bad fOI a -8

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t ime bee n pa rt ici pating iu sce nes of disoJder, cout r ary to the regul at ions of tbe in s t itution. In attempting to quell the di sturha uce o ne n ight , Prof. John A. G. Davis laid hold of a y ou ng Ill a n wh o wa s prese nt , and who when seized turned upo n t he Pro fessor an d s hot him. 'I'he wound proved fata l.

J osepb G Se mm es. a s tude nt from Georgia, was arrested for the deed, an d a ft er arraig nm e nt before tbe examining Cou rt was sen t 0 11 for trial. At the succeeding May term of the C irc u it Court , the case fo r some reason was conti nued.

E fforts we re t he n made to procure the liberation of the priso lle r a ll b:1i1. Judge Luca s Thomp son, who was then on the be nch, po!;i t i\'c ly refu sed to accede to tIle motion. Applicat io n w as th ere u po n ma de to the General Court, and on recei ,·i ng th e tes t imo ny of Drs . Carter , ~Ias s ie and J ames L . J ones as to the pr iso ne r 's ill health. bail was allowed in t he su m of tw en t y fin~ thous a nd dollars. R e uben Grigsby a n d B. F . Porter , o f Roc k b r idge, and William Porte r , of Orange , beca me s ureti es for hi s appearance in that amou nt .

W he n the lim e for tri al arri ved . the prison e r fail ed to appea r, an d the hai l was forfei ted• . T he report was believed. t bat S .:rumcs Bcd to 'l'~ xa s, anrt a few yea rs after d ied.

A n e '·t! nt hap pened in l S l 6, which was the occasi o!l of m udl regre t bot h in th e co mmunity and at the University .

A 1ll(' ll sg:t!r ie wa s ho ld ing its exhibition on tbe open space betwct' n t he tot of )'I rs. J oh n K.elly and the Cemete ry. O ue of its ft!3tu res consisted in a s h owm a n riding in a car draw n hya lion. 'r he ro u te to be traver sed extended through two o r three of the cages, th e e nds of whic h were ope ned and co n· n.!(:tcd togethe r . A rope was sl rd cbed a s hort distance iu frolH If) kcep t ht.: specta to rs back, and an address given , (;xhortillJ,:' them to the obse rv a nce of quietness aud silence tinting l lw I>t'rformance . Ju s t as it begau, a st u dent named J ohn.\ G10\'cr , fro m A\ ahama , who \V a s leauillgagainsttbe r op , threw :\ l i~ht~,l ciga r a t the animal betw een the bars of tht; ca~~. T he perfo fln -r , en raged by the reck less act, leaped fro m tht:' ('a~t:', aurl scil.i ll ),{ a te nt p in stru ck Glover au the I l~:]{I, :1 11 1 felll·'\ h im t o the 2' rollnd.

G lover was ta ken u p ull colIS(.iou~ . a ll ciiJo rn c t o t\ I(.' Farish H Ollse, where a day or

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tw o after he died. H is remains were int erred in the Uni versity Cemetery, where a mouument, erected hy his fellow st udenls, still COUlmemorates his un timely end. The Illan who gave the blow, during the confusion that ensued, m ade his escape. George Nut ter, a proprietor of the show, was arrested for murder, and sent on by t he exami n ing magis t rates . H e was tried a t the iVlay term of the Circuit Court, and defended by Judges Watson and Rives; but the evidence p roduced failing to connect him with the fact, he was acquitted .

In March 1853 J ohn S. Mosby, whose fami ly at the time were residents of the county, shot George W. Turp in, the so n of a tavern keeper in Cbarlottesville, in t he course of an altercation; but his adversary, though severely injured , fortunat ely recovered . F or the offence Mosby was prosecuted. At that pe:-iod J udge W. J. Robertson wa s Attorney for the Commonwealtb, and Watson and Ri ves defended the accused. Mosby was convicted and sentenced to pay a fine of five hundred dollars, and to suffer imprisonme nt in the co unty jail for twe lve mon t hs. During the term of his COllfin ement his counse l loa ned him t he necessary books, and be improved his enforced leisure by d evoting himself to the study of law. ~r wo years later he was admitted a mem be r of the Albemarle bar. Shortly after he removed to Abingdo n , where he was practising his profession when the civil war broke ont, in w hi ch he was destined to achieve suc h brilliant renown.

T he old Louisa Railroa d, afterwards the Virginia Ce ntral, and now the Chesapeake and Ohio, was extended to Char lottesville in 18+8. T he line was con tinued westwa rd and reached Staunton in 185 -l. F or some years while the tunnel through the Blue Ridge wa s in progress, train s were moved over the summit of the mountain on tracks laid in a zigzag m anner, one of the most re markable feats of civil engineering ever accomplished. It was performed by Colonel Claude Crozet, form erly a professor in the Mil ita ry Academy at W est Point , and the distingui s hed eng-iueer of the road.

During tile process of cons truction wes t of Mechum's River,

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the Colonel was presented by the Grand J ury for obstructing the ;\lotlnta in Plains Road; but no doubt bec ause t he inconvenie nce was temporary, and the benefit immeasu ra b le and permanent , it was judged best not to push the matter to extre m ity.

'I'b e Orange and Al e xandria H.ailroad, then the \Vashing ton City, Virginia Midland and Great Sout he rn , later the Ric hm ond and Da nville , and now the Southern, was ope ned betwee n ChlTlottesvill e and Lynchburg during the war, in 1863. Th e l ink between Charlottesvi ll e and Orange C. H. beca me a line of travel in 1881. Be fore that time its trai ns we re fUD over the Ches apeake and Ohio track betwee n GOtdO flsv ille and Charlottesville. By the intersection of these roa ds , C ha rlottes ville is made a promine nt ra ilroad centre , w ith :l. rm s r adiating to a ll the cardi n al points of the compass.

F or s ome t ime previou s to the civi l war , sy mptoms of une as ines s we re apparent in the community. A man na med R ood was tried iu 1859 on the c harge of conspi ring aga inst the Southern people, and endangering the safety a nd perpetu it y of the Union . H e was acqu itted . Rumor s that the neg roes we re plotting to rebe l were circula ted in var io us sect ion s of the couuty . Chapman, a se rvant of Mrs. Frances E stes, was appreh e nded, but no se r io ll s c harge against him wa s subs tantiated. Patrolling parties were sen t out more frequ e ntly, and we re more vigila nt in observing the sta te of th ings ill every ne ighborhood. A person so sedate as Miss Re btcca L ei tc h wa s fined and bound over, fo r perm Itting her se rva nt John to h ire him self Ollt according to his ow n pleas ure . Owing to vague antic ipat ions of evi l. free negroes in s ome inst a nces voluntarily s ubj ected themselves to s lavery, an d m ade c hoice o f masters. In this manner John Martin pl aced him self unde r the shelte ring wiug o f J. E. Huc k s tep , Sac heJ Gray s on o f Johu Wood Jr ., and Anderson Hutton of B. I路~ . Abell But notwithstanding all t hese disquieting tok e ns , a ben ignant Providence maintain ed peace betwee n the peopl e and their servants. In Albemarle, as gene r ally throughout the South, the kindly relations be tween the races were manifested by the abse nce of any in s ubordination du r ~ in拢' all tb e trying ci rcumsta nces that arose .

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Because of the demoralizing influences of the wa r , much more trou b le was experienced from a certain class of white people. Numbers dese r ted from the army, and to evade the officers seeki ng their a TfPst, took refu ge in the boll ows and secluded pla ces of the Blue Ridge. Sall ying forth from time to time from t hei r secret haunts for purposes of plu nder, tbey became & terror t o the neighboring district s. I t is said tha t more th a n once t he people were const ra ined to form the mselves into vigilance com mittees, to pursue these marauders into the mountai ns, and to make t hem the object~ of the ir qui et but determined ve l1 geance. During the las t years in which hostilities continued, a n d those immediately s ucceeding , the courts were busy witb prosecuti ng t ransgressors of th is de scription . Indictments fo r larce n y, assaults, obtaining property on fa lse pretences 3nd horse -s tealing, were frequent , and indicated t he vici ous and dep ra ved s p iri t which was rife_ A s soon as the tocsi n of war sounded, steps were at once tak en t o raise money and arm men for the conflict. At a special meeting of the Co unty Court , it was proposed to authorize a levy of fifty thousand dolla rs for the purchase of arms . The Nineteenth Virginia was mainl y formed of men enl is ted within the bounds of t he county . A large por tiOD of the Secon d Virginia Cavalry consis ted of Albemarle men. Many were scattered in other divisions of the army , especially the F o rt y-Si x t h Virginia, of which R. T. W. Duke became Colonel. T he older men were disposed in to companies of Home Guards. T he county au th o rities displayed their zeal in s uch impo rtant measures as procuring supplies of salt, and preventing the spread of sma ll pox and other contagious diseases. They answered the call of the genera l government in sending the servan ts of t he cou n ty to perform work on the defences of Richm ond. T h ree drafts for this p urpose were made in 1862 and 1863, the fir s t for fiv e hun dred and forty laborers, the second fo r two hundred, and th e th ird for one hundred and nin ety_ In connection with the last draft, \V . T. Early drew on himself the animadversio n of the Court. H e refu sed to comply with the order. H e

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w as co nseq uentl y fin ed ten do ll ars for conte mpt, and oue h u nd red a nd eighty for fai ling to fu rnish a ser va nt acco rdi ng to the allot me nt made, for s ixty days at three dolla rs a da y .

Both fines \Ven~ immediate ly paid in open co urt ; a nd t bose who remembe r the Captain, can readi ly imag ine the od d mixture of scorn and good hu mo r with wb ic h the se nte nce must ha,'e been discharged.

Early ill t he wa r C ha rlottesvi ll e w as desig n ated a s the sea t of a large m ilita r y H ospita l. T wo s pa c ious fra me buil d ings were erected just south of th e present Junct io ll, an d furn is hed with cots and o ther app liances fo r min istering to the sick a nd wounded. Great numbers of these amicted classes were can路 veyed thither for t reat ment tllrollg hon t the wa r. The med i cal professors of the Un iversit y devoted t heir t ime and s k ill to this be nevo lent work , a nd th e ladies o f the t own and surrounding country exhihited a la u d a b le in terest ill prov id ing supplies of necessa ries a nd de li cacies, and man y of them in (:xercising t he soothing a nd efficie nt care o f the nurse.

As an illustrati on of th e ma n ner in which the South s u ffered loss froIU t hei r de ra nged currenc)', som e of the p u b lic payment s may be mention ed. In early t imes t he ordinary dally all owance m ade to t he co unty jailo r for mai ntaining a prisoner in his custody, was t we nty cents. A s the war p rogressed, it rose to eigh ty cent s, then to a doll ar, in June 1863 to a dollnt and a quarte r , in Dece mber 1863 to two a nd a half, in :\!ay 186-1- t o t h ree a nd a half , a nd in August 1864 to lour dollars. T he ord in ary amou u t fo r wh ich the Sheri ff ga\'e his bood for t he faithfu l perfor ma nce of his d u t y was sixty thollsau,1 dollars. Duri ng the war t he amou ut required rose to two hundred and twelve t housand , and ill Se p tem ber IH6-l. L. S. ). racoll was directed to increase hi s b o no to five humlred thousand.

At the close of the war no court s were hel d fro m May ti ll Au).{ust 1865. Tb:! county was then un de r m ilita ry govern 1U'!uL T h! State of Virginia h ld bee n t rans formed into Mi l itary Dislrict ~o. O ne, and Genera l J o hn :'0.1. Sc h ofi eld was t he fir~t milit::ary ruler.

Au officer o f the U n it ed Sta tes arm y was ... tatiolvJ in Ch ::arloltesv ille, wit h the s tyle of Mil it a ry

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Commi;;sioner of Albemarle County, and through bim the orders of the commander at Richmond were carried out. For t he lUost part these military mlers were fair and broad-minded men. Captain \Villiam Linn Tidball first occupied this office in Albemarle. lIe was ordered to :'Iississippi in Ju ly 1867, and was suceeded by Li eute nant A. F. Higgs, Sixteenth United States I nfantry. Lieutenant H iggs was subsequently ordered to Georg-ia, and was followed by Lieute nant Town.

The people generally acknowledged that they had reaso n to congratulate themselves, that posts justly esteemed odious a n d repulsive, were filled by men who evidently tried to dis charge their duties in the least odious and repUlsive way .

By the force and sharp pra ctice of F edera l authority, F rancis Pierpoint , of Marion County, was at the time Governor o f the State, though his tenure of the office was merely n omi n at. All real government proceeded from H eadquarters. A n order from this source permitted all election to be held for county officers under \Villiam W. Gilmer as Comm issio ner of El ections, and in August 1865 he s wore in the magi s trates chosen, mainly those who bad occupied the office before. Egbert R. \Vat so n was appointed J udge of the Circuit Court, but because of his connection as counsel with num~rOl1S cases on th e docket, Judge Sheffey, of Staunton, frequently sat on the bench in the way of exr.hange.

Affairs moved on with tolerable smoothness until the early part of 1869. In the meantime the Underwood Convention was held in Richmond, in the Hall of the House of Delega tes, sitting from December 1867 till April 1868. Th e representative ill this body for the District composed of Louisa, Albemarle and Augusta, was Jame s C. Southall, and those for the county of A lbemarle, James T. S . Taylor, co lored, and Clifton L. Thompson. This Convention was largely made up of me mbers holding the most extreme radical views.

More than twenty were ignorant negroes. The constitution they formed not only disfranchised all who bad ever served in any civi l or military capacity, even down to the most unimportant county position, but it prescribed t he iron clad test oath to be taken by ever yone before be could enter upon

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an y office. Th is was virtually turuing over the whole State governmen t in all it s ramificatio ns te.. negroes , or to unse rup· ulous white Ill e n, who thronged into th e State in great IHtIUhers froUl e\'ery sec ti on of the country, to profit by this wh o le!'-a le disq ua l ification of the nat ive popu lat ion. By the directio n of the Co nvention , a \'ole was to be taken on the adoption of the Con stitution in the ensuing July, at which t ime Stale officers a nd Illembe :-s of the Legishtture were a ls o to be elected.

Botb parties imm ediately besti rred the m se lv es. A Radical COD\'cution assemb led in Ri chmond o n May sixth, and nominated Il en r)' H . \Ve ll s, for Governor, J a mes II. Clement s. of Portsmouth, for L ie utenant Governor, and Georg-e \V. Booker, of 1l eury COUllty, for Attorney General. A Conse rvative Con "'cnlion mel at lhe sa me place the nex t day, and nominated Robert E \\' ithers for GO"erno r > James A. \V a lkcr , for Lieutenant Go\'e rnor, and J oh n L. Ma rye , for Attorney G eneral. During- the sa me month the Radicals ma de nom inations for the coullty. C . L . T hompson was t ob'" State Senato r, and J. T. S. Taylor. Franklin :\'elso n-both negroes- and Jnhn B. Spiece were to be l11 e mb e r~ of the 1l o use of D.:Iegates. The Conscr\'atins proceeded so fa r a s to n ominate Dr. Ro bert S. ll~31ley, of Grcenc, who had bee n a member of the Convention. for the State Senate. Their g-reatest e ffort s however were put forth to ha,'c the Constitution votcd dow n. F ortunately the hiRhtr authorities intervened. G eneral Schofield, who had 1):'I.i(: a formal "isit to the Convention, and st rongly advised 3l{;tin ... ttl1cir poliC'y of disfranc bisement. ordered th e elect ion for J uly hath as to th e Cons t itu tio n and State offi cers , to be inlil:finih"ly po ... tponed. Thi s afforded opportunity fo r the iUltirltioll of othL·r lIIl:aSlITCS. Genera l G rant was elected presi.~t:11l ill • 'o,·t:mhcr 1~6M. 011 th e last day of that year, at the !ooul{Kc:-.tioll chieny of Alexandcr II. H . St ua rt and John B. Baldwin, of Stnulltoll, a Conveution asse m bled in Richmond to de\,I~t' om pLm of ohvi:1. t ing the diffi culti es of the situntion 4h a rc~;nlt of their deliberatio ns, a Committee of . lime per:o.ol1s was selected to co nfer with the authorit ies in \\"ashiuKton. This Committee co ns isted of Mr. Stuart, Mr.

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Baldwin, Johu L. l\'larye, \Vyndham Robertson, \Villiam T. Sutherlin, \Villiam L. Owen, James F. John son, Jam es Keeson and J. F. Slaughter. They were successful in gaining the ear and good will of General Grant. It was arranged that the provisions of the Constitution, especially that of negro suffrage, shou ld stand, but that a few of its clauses, embracing pa r ticularly the sweeping- disfran chis ing section and the iron clad test oath, should be submitted to a separate vote.

While matters were thus working for better days, present troubles seemed to be growing thicker and darker. I n July 1868 General Schofield was appointed by President Johnson Secretary of War, and gave place to General George Stone 路 man as Commander of District No. One. Governor Pierpoint's term had expired, and by an orde r from Headquarter .. , H. H. \Vells was appointed Governor of Virginia. January twentythird 1869 the crushing blow fell. On that day Congress, maddened by the idea that any of the people of Virginia should presume to oppose the radical Constitution, pa ssed an act that swept out of office all incumbents, who could not take the iron clad oath, and allowed none t'J be appointed but those who could. Accordingly ou March twenty-sixth came an order from Ri chmond, ejecting the Clerk, Commonwealth's Attorney, Commissioners of the Revenue, and all the magis trates. As the term of L. S. ~bcon as Sheriff had ended, a new Sheriff, J. C. Childress had al ready been appointed. By mil itary authority, \V. J. Points was made Clerk, George F. Jones and Angus A. McDonald Commissioners of the Revenue , the form er for Fredericksville parish, the latter for St. Aune 's, \ViIliam F. \Vorthingtoll, Commonwealth's Attorney, and the following persons magistrates, Henry N. Harrison, \Villiam G. Merrick, John Thornley, Th omas Garland, J ohn \V. Porter, \V ill iam H. Hotopp, Ed ward S. J ohnson , John \V. William s, Charles Goodyear and Charles A. Goodyear.

About the same time 'Veils was removed as Governor, and the entire power of directing affairs, nominal as well as real, res t ed in General Stoneman.

H ow completely at this period the laws were silent, and the

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force of arms had absolute sway, may be seen in the records of th e County Court. Indictme nts were forwarded to Headquarters for the inspection of the General comma nding, and orders were returned from the General commanding, directing th em to be qua shed . I n oth er cases when grand juries found indi ct ments fo r s uch crimes as rob be ry, a nd they we re brought to the notice of the Court, one of the justices s tated to his brethren that there was no ground for them, and his mere word was eno u gh for the ComUlonwealth' s A ttorney to ignore, and t he Court to dismiss them.

But the better days were coming. In May of this year, 1869, the th ird COlllmander, Gene ral Edwa rd Canby, was sent to occupy H eadquarters. By h is order the e lection was held in July. T he new Constitution was adopted, but a ll the clau~es on which a sepa ra te vote was taken were rejected.

Gilbert C . \Valker, a "New Yorker, was elected Governor, J ohu F. L ewis, L ieute nant G ove rnor, and J am es C. T ay lor, Attorn ey Gen eral. The State and county were rescued from negro control. Things gradually returned. into their proper channels H enry Shackelfo rd became Judge of the Circuit Cour t , a nd the year following- John L. Cochran , Judge of the the Coullty Court, th e new Constitution dispensi ug with the service of the magistra!es in this res pect, and requi ring the office to be fill ed by a man lea rned in the law. Ira Garrett was appointed to his old office of Clerk, aud J ame s S . Ba rk s da le was made temporary Sheriff. At that t ime Virginia, and the Cou nty of Albemarle, were relieved from military rule, and a ll functions of gover nme nt have since been dis路 charged according to the u5u al prov is ions of law.

During the e ra of gene ra l con fusi on co n se quent upon the war, a foullllurder was commi lted ou the west s ide of the So uth W est ~ 1 0 11ntall1 , not far from Stony P oi nt. J ohn H. Sal mon, instigated hy the desire of becoming sole owner of a sma ll farm which had descended from his fath er, killed his mother and hrother, the other ioi nt tenants. The evide nce was wholl y ci rculIl stantial , but s uch as left no doubt of the gui l t of the acc used. lI e was broughl to tria l in th e Coullty Court in Jul y 11>70, alh\ after a hea ring protracted through a large

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portion of the month, was convicted and sentenced to be banged in the ensuing November. ~leanwhile his counsel appealed the case to the Circuit Court on some points excepted to in th e trial, with the result that a new trial was awarded.

The prosecution was accordingly continued in the County Court the following May. A venire was summoned from Lynchburg, a jury was empanelled, and the trial was about to begin, when the ptisoner's counsel mo\"ed for his discharge on the ground that the number of the terms of Court prescribed by the sta tutes had bee n suffered to pass since his indictment witbout a trial. The jury was discharged, and argum ent on the motion heard. It turned out th at in the prevailing derangement of affairs , and because of several interfere nces of the General comma nding at Richmond, the grou nd alleged was true. The Court took the matter under advisement, and finally discharged the prisoner. So intense was the feeling of indignation awakened throughout the community by his crime, that the man at once fled, and according to report made his way to Texas.

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H I STORY OF ALBllMA RL E

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CH AP T ER VI. EPISCOPAl..

By the old law of Virginia, the A ng li can, or E p isco pal , was recogn ized as the Church of the State. T he territu ry of tbe Stale was divided into parisbes for eccles ia stical g overn ment, just as it was divided iuto cou nt ies for ci vil gove rn ment. The officers of t he parishes we r e s t y led Yestr y men , twelve bones t and disc reet men fo r eac h , origi nall y elected by the freeholders of t be paris h , and vaca ncies aft erw a rd s occurring to be filled by the m selves. They h ad c h a rge o f tbe erection and prese r vat ion of the c hurc h b u ildi ngs , the choos ing of the rectors, a nd the ca re o f t he poor. The two parishes whic h Albemarle cootai ned were Frederi c k svill e in tbe north, and St. Anne 's ill tbe south. Th e d iv idi ng line be tween them was the T hree Notched R oad , e nte r ing the present limits of th e co unty n ea r Boyd's T avern , a nd runn ing t o Woods's Gap. Before the forma t ion of the count y, t h e scattered inhabitants of the southe rn pa rt, b ei ng s till in Goochland and the pari s h of 81. James Nor t h a m , wer e t he objects of .he s pirit ual care of Rev. Ant h ony Gav in . He wa s the rector of that parish from about 1736 until h is death in 1719. Fr~1II the desc ription o f h im given by B isho p ~Ieade. and a letter of his quoted by hi m , h e was evide ntly a U1all of devoted ind u st ry and zeal. T hou g h his residence wa~ ill the neighborhood of Dover r..lill s, a n d t he prese nt hound!> of Goochla nd afford a large fie ld of labor a nd tra vel, yet he made frequent visits to the people l ivi ng" up in th e mountains." In these remote pn.rts he ha d seve n p laces o f ~ervict:', and in his journeys within the space of t wo ye ars h ad forded the ;'\orth and South Rivers , t ha t is, the Riva nna and thc J amc!., nineteen times.

In Rt. Anile's paris h two churches we re bu ilt in ea rly limes, the Church on Ballenger's Creek and the F orge Church. The former is still s tallding, a nd has bee n altered

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and occupied as a private residen ce. It is situated near the creek, between the roa d from Warren to Howardsville, and tha t passi ng through P or ter's Precinct. The Forge Church stood on the north side of the H a rd wa re River, about a mile or two below C arter 's Bridge. From an act of the LegislatUre passed in 1777 , directing the Sheriff to summon the fr eeholders of the parish to meet "at t he new chu rch on Hardware," to elect a new vest ry, it is inferred that it was built but a short t ime before. Bishop Meade describes a se rvice held in it with Bishop Moore. not long after the lat 路 ter came to Virginia, which mu st have been about 1814; and the account he gives of its dismantled condition, and the open crevices through which wind and rain were wont to drive, touches the hea rt with its pathos. At a meeting of the Conventi o n in C harlottesville in 1822, they adjourned t o meet at the F orge Church on Friday, and at Walker's on Saturday. The Forge Church was still standing a few years ago, but redu ced to ignoble uses . Converted into a barn, and filled with the fodde r , ill some way it caught fire . and burned to the gro und. Th e g lebe of St. A nne's was boug ht from William H arris in J 751 by Samuel Jordan and Patrick Napier, Church \Vardens of the parish. It consisted of fou r hundred acres, and wa s located on t he south fork of T otier CreE' k, wbere it is crossed by th e road from Scottsville to H ow ard sville. After the g lebes were declared public prop 路 ert )', it was so ld in 1779 by Thomas Napier, George T hompson and J ohn H arris as Commissioners, t o Joseph Cabell.

H e gave it to hi s daughter Mrs . Breckinridge, and it was the resi de nce of her husband till hi s remova l to Kentucky in 1793. Th e proceeds of the place. as well as of all the g lebes of the county , were eventu ally applied t o the erection of the University bui ld ings.

The first rector of St. Anne's was Rev . Robe rt Rose, Hi s residence was in what became Amherst County . not far from New Glasgow. but he occasionally preached in the churches in Albemarle. H e was succe~ d ed by Rev. \Villiam Camp. wh o in a short t ime went west. and was killed by the Indians near Vincennes. H e was followed by Rev. J o hn

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R a msay, who in 1759 purchased fr om Jacob Eades three hundred acres of land on the south for k of 1'otier. It is judged from his will, which 1S on record, that he died in 17iO. He left his whole t:state to his wife Barbara, who the salUe year sold tbe laud all Tot ier to Abraham Eades, J r., and bougbt more tban four hundred acres on Hardware, adjoi nlug the la nds of the Carters and Hud sons. This land is descrihed as being near S::: ratc bface )'Ionn taiu, which it is impo!)!--.ible now certain ly to identify. )'Irs. Ramsay subsequently sold to J ohn Wilkinson for the Iron Company , was married t o Tbom as Richards, a nd removed to Bedford COllnty, Rev. Ch3 rl es Clay, a COllsin of H enry Clay, was the next incuwbent. H e was an ea rnest minister, preaching not ouly in the cb ll rc h ~s, but also ill private houses and at tbe Prison Barracks. He un bappi ly became im'olved in lawsuits both with h is \'est ry and with individuals, and this occasioned his re m o\'a l about 1784, H e finally settled in Bedford County, where h e died, and by the directions of his will au imlU(;:nse h eap of s ton es, twe nty feet in diameter and twelve fu:t higb, was p iled up upon his grave, Rev. I saac Darneille succeeded 1\[1. Clay. H e seellls to have li ved in !\clSOIl. I ucurring' hea\'y debts, be became a lawyer, and finally escaping his lia bi liti es as w ell a!; forsaking hi s fami ly , be went South.

Fn,,jl'rick'wille parish at fir s t occ upi ed Louisa Couuty; hut when in 1761 the western portion of Loui sa was annexed to Alhc.:lllarle, the parish wa s di\'ided by the county lines, the part TI:mailling in Loui sa receivi ng tbe name of Trinity.

Two churches were erected ill thi s parish, one on either s ide of th(' South \\'est ~lolllltaill, T hat on the east side was fir!-l called Beh'oir Church, th e n ill commo n speech \Valker's, hut i .. now known as Crace, \Vbcl1 it w as 6rst b uilt does Ilot :llJlwl\r. It already existed in 1769, as ill that year John Wanar CC>Il\'l;)cd to Thomas \\Talker, 1\l osias J ones, I saac J)a\'I!\. \\'jli1alll Barksdale, 'l'homas Carr, Nicholas Lewis, . 路idlOla!--. 'Ieriwethcr, John l~ode s, Mordecai Hord, Thomas Jd1lTSOll Ilurl William Sim llls, Church \Vardens and Ves tryWell of Frc:<lcritksville parish, two acres "w hereon t he

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Be lvoir Church is situated." The church on th e west side of t he moun tain was the Buck :",[ouutain Church. It or igina ll y stood on the Buck 110untain Road , west of Earlysville.

The date of its construction is unk nown. Bishop :\leade mentions that in 1745 it was dete rmined to build three churches in the parish, th e third to be erected on the Buck Mountain Road between the mouuta ins. It s firs t mention in the record s occurs in 1797, wh e n Lucy 1Iills, Executrix o f David :M ill s . conveyed to Da\'id Michie thirty 路 three acres, "whereon the Bu ck Mountain C hurch was built ."

Th e edifi ce , havin g fallen into disuse, was occupied by the Baptis t s in 180 1. They held services in it till 1833, when the Episcopalians, being increased in numbers. asserted their right. a nd resumed possession.

In s u bseque nt years the church wa s rebuil t iu Earl ysvi ll e.

Rev. l amps Maury became the recto r of Frederick svi lle parish in 1754, and continued until bis death in 17 68. H e was s ucceeded by his son Rev. Matthew l\'l aury, who served until his death i111808. Neither of these ministers oc路 cupied t he glebe, choosing rat her to reside 011 their own fanus.

'Th is g lebe ou the side east of the mourtain, consisting of four hund red acres, was so ld in 1809 to Na thaniel Ragland by " Edward Garl a nd , Stephe n Moore and others, who at the time were a cting a s Overseers of t he P oor. T here was a lso a glebe on t be west side of the mountain, which was sit uated between the Burnt Mills and Earl ysvi ll e, and which was sold in 17 80 by T.homa s J ohnson a nd \Vill ia lll Sim ms , Church \Vardens, to E paphroditus Rhodes.

Fo r many years after the death of Rev. Matth ew Maury. there was no Episcopal preaching in the county except occa路 sion a lly by mini ste rs, who in passing held services ill the courthouse in Charlottesville. In 1818 R ev. John P . Baus路 man was settled in th e neighborhood for a short time. He was foll owed by Rev. Frederi ck W. Hatch in 1820, who lived in Ch arlottesv ille till 1830 . H e was an active and ea r nest minister. and a zeal ous mason. During his incum bency the Episcopal Church in town was built. The mem ory of th e o lder inhabitants differs in regard to the manner of its

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erection, some affirming th at it was built solely as an Epis c opal Church , and others as a Union Church. The truth seem s to be that the affair beg-au as a union effort, but that the bouse was at last erected as an Ep iscopa l p lace of worship.

B ishop Meade state s, that while the proj ect of a union church wa s agitated, it was opposed by 1vl r. Ha tch. An advertise m e nt appe ared in the Ce ntral Gazette all January twentyt h ird , 18H , proposing to purchase a lot for the bui!dil1g of a c hurch , and it was discontinued all April sixteent h. On M arch nineteenth anot her appea red, inquiring for a lot for a u Epi scopal Church. Doubtles s the change of plan took p lace in the iute rval b etween J anua r y and March. T Le b u ild ing w as commenced t h at yea r. As already stated, a lette r dat ed in March of the ensuing year mentions that t he town contained "a half finish ed church." After the removal o f Mr. Hatch, and a s hort period of ser vice by Rev. Zachari a h )'lea d, Rev. R ichard K. Meade, son o f tbe Bishop, beca me rector , and the termination of his lon g pastorate is a somewhat rece nt event.

Mr. Hatch, in addition to his busy ministerial labors, preac hing frequent ly at Bu ck Mountain and Walker's as well a s in tOWIl , was a school teac h e r. H e erected as hi s re side nce th e br ick house on the northeast corner of Market and Seven t h Streets , and taught in the one story brick near the east en a of ~lain, no w occ upi ed by Wi ll iam Durrett. A lud icrous inc ident is told of him in connect ion with his ce lebrating the rites of matrimony. In pe rfor ming this useful w ork. he ofte n rode m iles in the country in eve ry direct ion. On one occasion he wa s call ed to un ite a couple in tbe Ra gged Mountains. \Vhe n the cere m ony was fini shed . the groo m announced w it h ~ome co nfu s ionlhat he was unable to rem une rate him for h is troubl e. Mr. 11atch, ob serving a lo ng st r ing o f gourds fes t oon ed o n the wa ll of the room, proposed accepting a numbe r of th e m . The young man was ove rj oyed at discharging h is obligat io n s o easi ly . H e ctlt off a good ly array, a nd to re lieve the pars on from the in collvenience of carrying the m, tied them around hi s horse's neck. Thu s accoutred, he started on his return . A s he approached the to p of Vinega r Hi ll ,

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the horse took fright at something by the wayside, and se t off at full speed . Th e clash and rattle of the gourds increased hi s panic, and made him dart ahead at a sti ll wilder rate.

Down the hill he dashed, with his rider thrown forwards, and clinging around his neck with both hands, the gourds a ll th e wb ile k ee ping up thei r discordant clatter. The mad ra ce continued through the whole leng th of the street , before the ga7.e of the aston is hed town smen; nor wa s the rider released from his peri lous position, until the panting steed dre w up at the s ta b le door. \Vhile Mr. Hatch was a resident of Charlottesvi ll e, a son was born to him, who received his own name, became a distinguished physicia n , and died a few yea rs ago in Sacramento, California.

Besides t he meeting of the Convention in 1822, it met again in Charl l)ttesv ill e in 1829, and during its sessions Rev. William ~I eade was elected Bishop of the Diocese of Virgini a.

P RESBy'rEH: I AN.

Presbyterian s were sett led in the county while it was yet a part of Goochland. The colony of Scotch Iris h wLo came over the Blue Ridge in 1734 under the auspices of Michae l Woods, brought with them the faith of their fathers. Among th ese were the families of \Vallace, Kinkead, St ockton , 1o.'I cCo rd and Jam eson. Further to the sou th along the base of the Ridge w ere the J\Iorrisons, 1I'lcCl1es, .:'I l outgorne r ys , Reids and Robf;'rtsons. These last were the founders of Rockfi sh Church, located in the forks of Rockfish River.

Abo ut 1746 J ames McCann, who had patented the land in 1745 , c onveyed to J ohn Reid, J ames Robertso n and Samuel Be ll one acre and th irt y-five poles, tor the Rockfish Church, and for a school fo r the inhabitants of that vicinity.

Amo ng th e families first mentioned two churches we re established. The fi rst was Mountain Plains, which was built near the confluence of Lickinghole Creek and l\Iecbum's River , and called after Michael Woods's plantation, and whi ch sti ll exists as a Baptist Church. The second was the D. S. Church, which was sit uated on the sout hwest face of - 9

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HI STORY OF ALB EMAR LE

the hill, on the summit of which S. \V. Caul beck recently resided. T hese communities, and others in Virginia and North Carolin a, received the visits of several Presby terian mini s ters in ea rl y times, beginning with that of Rev. J ames Anderson in 1738. In 174 5 John Woods was sent to the Presbyt ery of Don egal in Pennsylvania, to prosecute a call for the services of Rev. John H ind man in th e churches of :Mountain Plains and Rockfish, b u t h is errand seems to have been un successfu l. .Mr. Hi.n dman was no doubt the sa me man who became an Episcopalian, and wa s th e fir st rect or of Au g u 'ita paris h , dying the re a year or two after en tering upon th e office. A call is sti ll extant, dated :'I1arch 1747 , and signed by fifty-seven persons, which solicited t he labors of Rev . S amuel Bla ck in the churc h o f Mountain Pl ains, a nd am o ng the inhabitants of I vy Creek. Th e pla ce o f worship for the peo ple last mentioned was the D. S. C hurc h, wbich wa s prob ably erected s hortly after , as Mr. Black accepted !he ca ll. He was the first Presbyterian preacher who settled in the county. In 1751 he purchased from Richard Stockton fo ur hundred acres on both sides of Stockton 's Creek, and there he resided until his death in 1770. Desce ndants b~a r足 illg- hi s name s till li ve on a pa rt of the old place.

A bout the time of Mr. B"lack's settl ement in Alb ema rle, R ev. S amuel Davies commenced hi s work in Hanover Coun!y. lI e had at fir s t no l ittle trouble with the State anthorities, whose interveution was invoked by sO lUe b igoted mi nisters o f the establis hm ent un der th e ol d re pressi ve la ws agai n!'t nOll -co n form ity . lie however bol dly and skilfully appealed to lhe pro visi ou s of the English Ac t of Tol erat ion, wh ich he cl ai med a ppl ie d to the colonies no less th a n to the mother cou utry. a nd wa s soon ab le t o purs u e hi s labors without molest at ion. I i e gathered several congregat ions, reac hing fro m H a nover thml!zh Louisa and Goochland to Charlotte Co un ty. in 1755 th e Pres bytery of Han ove r w as formed.

A t thei r fir s t meet ing , they received a petition from the peopl e o f Al be ma rle near Woods's Gap, asking for p reac hing, a nd )'lr . Davies h imse lf being appointed sp~ nt wit h the m the ~eco u d S l1n day of Ma rch 1756.

From thl t t ime through a

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number of years, they had, besides tbe services of Mr. Black. those of Mr. Dl.vies, John Todd . John Brown . John ~Iartin, Henry Patillo and others. These ministers occasionally preached to the people on Buck Island at Mr. L ewis 's- unq uestionably at Monteagle- to those living between tbe Se C' retary'~ Ford and the mountains- no doubt in the Charlottesvi ll e courthouse, and at D. S. Church-to those at North Garden at Mr. Garland's, and to those at the Cove at George Douglas's.

As years passed on, ministers born and edncated in Virginia were settled in the county.

In 1769 Rev. \Villiam I rvin. who had been a pupil at Mr. Todd 's school in Louisa, became pastor of the Cove Church. In 177 0 Rev. Samuel L eake accepted a call to the D. S. Church. Tbe next year Mr . I rvin extended his labors to Rockfish and Mountai n Plains.

The Presbytery of Hanover convened with considerable frequency in the churches of the county. It met at Rockfish in 1772, 1773 and 177 5, at the Cove in 1793. 1794, 1799, 1800 , and 1803 . and at tbe D. S. in 1771, 1772, 1775 and 1792.

T he last time it met at D. S. was in October 1809, holding night sessions at the house of John R. Kerr. At that meet ing Rev. Thomas L u mpkin. a young minister, who had tau2:ht sc hool for a short time in the neighborhood, was to have been ordained, and installed as pastor, but unhappily he had died the preceding month. The membership of this church was so much reduced by deaths and rt:movals, that two years late r its organization was dissolved. The ground on whicb it st ood, and which had been conveyed to the congregation in 1773 by Joel T errell, passed into the bands of Jesse L ewis, who within t he memory of some now living reo m oved t he o ld building. T wo meetings of the Presbytery were he ld in Wa lke r ' s Churcb . The first occurred in 1814, when they convened at night at the bouse of Captain l\leriwet ber. At tha t time it received under its care John Robertson , the father of Judge \V . J. Robertson, as a candidate for t he ministry. T he second meeting took place i,1 1819, and n ig ht sessio ns were held at t be house of John Rogers. It

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met a! ;"10uo t ai o Pl ai ns in 177 8 , and for the las t t im e in October 1828, wh en t hey he ld n ig ht sessi ons at the h ou se of the elder \Villiam Woods, of Beaver Creek.

Soutb P lai ns Churc h was es t ab l ish ed in 1820, a s the resu lt of the labors of Rev. \ Vi ll iam A rm s trong , and R ev . J a mes C. Wilsoo. 1 0h n Kelly, of Ch arlottes ville , w as one of its first elders. A branch o f t he sa m e c hu rch wors hipped o n th e west side of the South \ Vest Mo unta in at Bet h el. It was not uuti l 1S70, that Bet hel wa s se t apart as a se parate or ga nization. Rev. Francis Bowm a n bega n p rea ching at South Plains itl 182!, p reach ing occasi on a ll y also at the court hOllse. Under his lUin is tr y the fir s t P res byte r ian b o use of worship in C h arl ottesvi lle was b ui lt in 182 7. In t b at year the lot all which it stood, au the southea s t corne r of Market and Second Streets, wa s co n ve yed by J ames Din s more to John Kelly, James O. Carr , Franc is Bowman, T h or nto n Rogers, Willia m Woods, S urveyor , T ho ma s :rl'1 e r iweth e r a nd Dr. John li olt Rice, as tru stees of the new congregat ion. It was not constitute-d a di st inct organizatio n uuti i 1839 , ,,,he n it was under the mi n istry of D r. \Villiam S . \Vhite .

The Presb yteria n Ch urc h of Scott s v ille was found ed in 1827. chiefly thro ug h t he age ncy of Re v. Peyto n Harri so n .

H e had sett led there as a you ng la wye r in 182 5. Hav ing been converted by the preac h ing of R e v. Asah el N ettl eton , he became actively interested in reli g iou s work, and res ted not t ill a church was fo r med. S hor tl y afte r h e relinqui s hed the Jaw, and studied fo r the m in istry . \Vhe n h e became a preacher, he rt:turned to Scottsvi ll e. a nd wa s se ttled as pa s tor over the church for a brief per iod. D r. W illi a m S. \Vbit e succeeded him, and continued his labors the re un t il he removcd to Charlottesville.

BAPT IST.

The fir~t ilaptist Church in the COUllty wa s orga n ized in January 1773. This t!vel1t too k pl ace in L ew is's ~'l ee tin g H ou.;;e, which stood on o ld David I.. e wi s's place, on the e le vated RrOulld sOllth of the Staunto n Road about w h er e the house of Mrs. Humbert now st a nd s. 'I'be c h urc h com me nced I

HIST OR Y OF

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with a m e mbersh ip of forty-eight persons. George Twyman. who lived jus t s outh of E arlysvi ll e, was one of it s original membe rs, and at a meeting held two m onths later presided as Mod erator. 'f he in fl ue nce of the P,eshyter ian polity, under which doubtl ess many of th e members had grow n up , wa s appa ren t in th ei r earliest proceedings. T he original organi za tion was effected by two m iniste rs and an elde r , and at a s ubeq uent m eeting it wa s determined that "t he feeli ng of the ch urch concerning elders and deacons s h ould be m ade known . " It w as severa l years without a pastor, but wa s occa s ionally s upplied by such min isters as John \Valler, and El ija h a nd Lewi s Craig. This church was va r iously ca lled by the names of Albemarle, Bilek Mountain and Ches路 nut Grove. In 180 1 they took possession of the old Buck Mountain Chnrc h of the E stab li shme nt, which had bee n di s used by the Epis icopalian s. \Vhen t hat place of w ors hip was claimed by its former owners, t hey removed to the u n :on ch urch in Early s ville in 1833, and in 1879 e r ected their pres e nt building about a mile we st of that p lace.

And re w Tri bb le wa s chosen thei r pastor in 1777, and was ordained by Lewis Craig and othe rs . How long Mr. Tri bble continued in that relation is not kno wn. He purchased a farm of one hundred and seve nty -fi ve a c res a short dis tance below the D . S. Tavern , wh ic h he sold in 1785, and it is likel y he performed h is pastora l duties until that time. William Woods , d istin guished a s Baptist Billy, was ord a ined at L ewis's Meeting House by Mess rs. Tribble a nd Benj amin Burgh er in 1780, and became the p as tor whe n the work of Mr. Tribble ceased. In 1798 Mr. Woods became a candidate for the Legi slature; and as th e law of V irginia at that time prohibited a minister from holding a civ il offi ce , he relinqui s h ed his m iniste ri al calling at Garriso n 's Mee ting House in November of that year.

When the chu rch w as first formed , it was in the bounds of Dove r Associat io n , whi ch then embr aced the whole State.

In 17 91 the Albemarle A ssoci ation wa s con s tituted, including the te rritory south of the Rapidan, and west of a line running from Barnett's Ford on the Rappahannock to the mouth

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of Byrd Cree k on the J ames. Up to this time eight ot he r churches had been founded, four of which lay wit h in the present lim its of the county , Totier in 1775, Ballenger 's Creek probab ly about the same time, Priddy's Creek in 1784 . and \Vhit es ides, now ~lount Ed . in 1788 . Martin Dawson became a minister soo n after 1774 , and preached for many years at Tot ier , which wa s situated near Porter 's Precinct , and was then commonly known as Dawson ' s Meet ing H onse.

Hi s labors however extended largely over the w hole county.

Be njamin Burgher, who lived on the headwaters of Mechll m 's River, wa s fo r a long pe riod the pa stor of Mou nt Ed. I n 1822 be , Benjamin Ficklin and John Coss had advertised to begin a protracted mee ting on a certain day a t Mountain Pl ai n s, but on th e very day of t he appointme n t Mr. Burghe r r ested from his earthly labors. John Goss came t othe count y fr om Ma diso n ill 1802.

In 1820 Da niel Davis , Jr., a Baptis t min ister, preached occasionally in Charlottesville, some t imes i n the co u rthou se. a n d so metim es ill a large room of Joh n Bu rrus. A n orga n ization see ms to have existed in t own a t t hat date, as M r.

D avis adverti sed that be wou ld bapt ize those who had m ade a declaratio n of their faith to the c h urch. Yet it app ears t bat t he fo rmal establishment of the Charlottesv ille Church did not take place till August 183 1. On that occasi on fo ur m inisters were prese nt , John Goss, Vale nti ne .M ason. Reube n L. Coleman and Charl es \Vingfi eld. Dr . Hardin Massie was appointed its Cl erk . In October 183 5, Dr. Massie conveyed to :\illlrod Bramham, \Villiam Dunkum, I saac \Vhite a nd Lewis Teel as trustees, a part o f Lot No. Five, on which , it w as s tatec in the deed, tb e Bapt ist Churc h "stand s ." In 1853 the Circ uit Court gra nted pe rmi ss ion to sell t he o ld c h urch prope rl y, and appointed as tru stees for the new c h urch, William P. Farish, Lewis Sowell , J ames Lobban, J obn T .

Randolph, J ohn Simpson, James Alexander aDd B. C. Flannagan.

M ET UODI ST.

The first mention of a Methodi s t Church in the co unty occurred in 1788 ill a deed from Jam es H a rris to T homas

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135

Jarman , whereby seventy-five acres on the north side of Moorman's River were conveyed, surrounding two acres before given , on which "the Methodist Episcopal Church stands." This was beyond question the predecessor of Mount 1...roriah at Whitehall. The lot on which the latter was built, three and three-fourths acres, was conveyed in 1834 by Daniel and Hannah Maupin to J esse P. Key, \Villiall1 Rodes, Th ompson and Horace Brown and David \Viant.

Many years a nterior to the date just mentioned this church was common ly known as Maupin 's )"leeting House, and was a fa vorite place for holding camp meeti ngs. Henry Fry, a form er deputy Clerk of the county, speaks in his autobiography of Bishop Asbury preaching at an early day at Tandy K ey's, who lived north of the Cove, at the jUllction of the Austin Gap and Lynchburg Roads; and in that vicinity, probably on Key 's land , was located a bui lding, which went by the name of Key 's Meeting House , but of whi ch no trace n ow remains. In 1795 Henry Austin conveyed a parcel of land to T homas Stribling, Sam uel Wills, Joseph Hardesty, Bemis Brown, Daniel )''laupin, John Gibson, George Bingham, \Villiam O liver and. Basil Guess, of Orange, for a church, which was then called Austin's Meeting House, and is no doubt the same as that now known as Bingham's Church. In 1808 Bland Ballard donated one-fourth of an acre for a ).[ethodist Church, which was the old I vy Creek Church on the Barracks Road.

The first Methodist preacher on record was Athanasius Thoma s , who was l icensed to celebrate tbe rites of matrimony in 1793. Th is gentleman was the purchaser of several sma ll tracts of land in tbe vicinity of Mountain Plain s Church, where in all probability be made his bome. In 1811 be disposp.d of this property, and. presumably removed to another part of the country. Following him were Bemis Brown in 1794, John Gibson in 1797, John Goodman in 1802, and J acob \Vatts in 1806. About the beginning of the century. there ca me to the county from Maryland two men, who although la ymen filled the place of local preachers, John B. Magruder and- George Jones . For many years they did a

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good work, and exercised a st rong influe nce in behalf of th eir own church, and o f true religioll. In November 1823 a Distr ict Conference met in Charlottesville. of which Jam es Boyd was President, and Walker T imberl ake, Secretary.

The C ha rl ottesvi lle Church was est ab li shed ill 1834. In June of that year \Vi ll iam Hammett purcbased from 1\'I ary \V ales. and other representatives of T homas Bell , Lot No. F ifty-Five, and in the ensuing Octobe r conveyed it to Ge!'sner Harrison, Nathan C. Goodman , Stapleton Sneed, 1>.latthew311d Thomas F. W ingfie ld, Ebe nezer Watts a nd Thom as Pace as tru s tees, for a J.,I et hodist Church.

During th e twelve years fro m 1825 to 1837 there wa s a great accession of ch urch buildi ngs in the county. In the first of these years were built the Charlottesville Episcopal Church , and a Me thodist C h urc h near Hammoc k 's Gap; in 1827. the Charlottesv ill e Presby te ri a n Church; in 1828, Mount Zion Methodist Churc h , a nd Mount P leasant Methodist , near Hill sboro; in 1830, the Sco tts ville Presbyterian Church; in 1831, the Buck I s land Methodist Church ; in 1832. th e Scotts~ ville and Shi loh Methodi s t Churches; in 1833 ,Wes ley Cbapel , Earlysville Free Church, and the Charlottesville and lVI ilton Ba ptist Churches; in 1 83~, Be thel Presby terian, Charlottesvill e and :'IIount Moriah Methodist, and Hardware Baptist Churches; in 1835, Cross Roads Epi scopal Church; in 1836, Cbarlott~sville Disciples Church; and in 183 7, Free Union â&#x20AC;˘ Free, nnd Piney Grove Baptist Churches.

HI STORY 0 11 ALBEMARLE

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CHAPTE R V II. ACCOUNT 01: FAtlIILIES. ABELI...

T he fir st A bell in th e cou nt y was Caleb, who came from Orange ne ar the end of the last ce ntury. In 1/98 he purchased what is sti ll k nown as the old Abell pla ce on Moore's Creek. It originally consisted of six hun dred a nd ninety four acres, compr isi ng three differen t g ran ts, but a ll bought from th e executors of H enry Mullins, of Goochland. Caleb conveyed it to his son, J o hn S. Abell, in 1808 . John S. entered th e Baptis t m inistry abo ut 1830, and d ied in 1859. In 18 16 he married Lyd ia Ralls. and hi s chi ldren were Alexander P . , who wa s a magistrate under the old regime. was firs t a merchant in Ch a rl ottesv ille, then Teller ill the Monticello and Charlottesv ill e National Banks, married Ann, d a ug hter of William McLeod, and ahout 1876 remo ved to Greenvi lle, S. C.; George W. , who was one of the early ministers of the Di sci ples Church; and J . Ralls. whose wife was S usa n, daughter of \V ill ia m Dunkum.

Besides John S .• there were Jo sh ua Abell, who married Caroline, and Ric hard , who married Emily, daugh ters of • Benjamin Martin , of No rth Garden; Ca leb. who marri ed Jane, daughter of \Villiam Black; and Benja min F., whose wife was Eli zabeth. daughter of Joseph Grayson .

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ALPHIN.

John Alphin began to purc ha se land in the cou nty in 177 8, when he became the owne r of two hundred and fifty acres on Meadow Creek between the S taunton and \Vhite hall Roads . He continued his purchases t ill he acquired more than a thousand acres in one body.

H e co n ducted a noted hostelry , si tuated nea rly opposite the residence of J esse L ewis. and for many years a favor ite resort for men of the turf. He furnished excellent accommodations,

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a prim e cuisine . large stables, and a track for training hor~es.

Hi s hou se wa s a place of ,vide notoriety at the beginning of the ceutury.

J rema rried ;"1art11a, daughter of Chri stopher Shepherq, and his c hildre n were Julius . Sa ra h , the wife of \Villiam Chapman, Jane , the wife of David Owen, ~ancy, the wife of William Fagg, Mary , the wife of Blake H a rris, a n d Eli zabeth. He sold to th e co unty in l S06 the land on wh ich the old Poor Hou se was bui lt. H e died ill 1818 . Most of his family disposed of th ei r interests iu hi s estate, and removed to the V.Jest,

some of them to Blount County , Tennessee.

ANDERSON.

David Anders on and hi s wife Eli zabe th , came from Hanover County, and lived 011 a plantation in Albemarle, not far from Scottsville. Da vid died in 179 1 , and his wife in 1804.

They had eight s on~, \Villiam, Nathan iel , Thomas, Richard, David! 11atthe w , E dm und and Samue l , and three daugbte rs.

Of tbe da ughter s , Ann wa s married to Dabney Minor , of Hanover, Sa rab , to Chrisopb er Hudson, and t he thi rd to a Barrett, wbose sou Anderson Barrett lived in Richmond, and w as an executor of both his grandparents.

One of the ~ons, Nathan iel, had his residence on the old glebe of St. Anne's on Totier , which b e bought from J oh n Brec k in r idge in 1796.

He married Sarah, daughter of J oh n Ca rr , of Bear Cas tle, and sister of Dabney, Mr. J efferson's brot her-in-law. He died in 18 12, and left fOUT child re n , \Villiam, Nat ha n iel , ['-'lary, the wife of a Mosby. a nd Elizabeth, the wife of a Lawrence. Nathaniel married Sarah Eli zabeth , and hi s c h ild ren were Marth a, th e wife of Stephen Woodson, Mary , D a bne y Minor and O\'ert on Edmund, SOI1 of David, is thoug ht to be the same person who married J ane, daugbte r of William L e wis, and siste r of th e celebrated explorer, Me riwethe r Lewis. He died in 1809, lea ving two SOil S and four daughters, William.

Dr. :-' l eriwelher, who married Lu cy Harpe r, Ann, the wife of Thomas F ie lding Lewis, Jane, the wife of Benjamin Wood, L ucy, the wife of , Buckne r, and Sarah, the wife of Gabriel llarper.

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Richard• Anders on, s on of David. marri ed Ann Me riwether • sister of Lucy, th e wife of \VilI iam Lewi s. He at one time owned an interest in the land on I vy Creek on wh ic h the Pri son Barracks were bui lt, and whi ch he sold to John Har vie about a year before their building took place. Hi s son David was living at Milton at the beginning of the century. and reRresented Brown, Rives & Co. , one of the firms doing business in that town . I n 1801 J?avid was appointed a magi strate of the county, but resigued the next year. Some tim e after he removed to Ri chmo nd. He married Susan, daughter of Reuben Moore, of Culpeper, and his chi ldren were r...l eriwether L., Ri cha rd, Catharine, the wife of Jefferson Tr ice, of Ri chmond, and H elen, the wife of a Porter. In 1829 he return ed to Albemarle, and married again Mary, daugbter of Tbomas \V. Lewis, an d widow of James L eitcb, and two years later bis son Meriwether married E liza Leitcb, daughter of bis step-mother. Their home was at Pantops.

Dav id Anderson died in 1841, and Meriwether in 1872.

It is bel ieved Richard Anderson had tw o other son s.

Edmund and J asper. Edmund married firs t Frances Moore, s ister of h is brothe r David's first wife. Some years la ter h e marri ed Ann , daughter of \Villiam Cole. of North Garden, and n ot loug after J asper married her sister, Susan Cole. In 1813 Edmun d purchased from Clifton Rodes, executor of J ohn Jou ett , sixty acres of land lying east and north of Charlottes · ville, an d extending from the present Ninth Street east to the hill overlookingScheni.-. 's Bran c h , and laid it out in town lots.

Thi s tract wa s known as Anderson's Addition. He sold a num be r of lots, chiefly ou East Jefferson anrl. Park Street s. during t he decade of 1820 , aud iu 183 1 conveyed to John J. "Vinn a nd Alexander Garret Lot T hirty-Four, the present Maplewood Cemetery. I n the meantime he removed to Richmo nd, and entered into business under the firms of Anderson & Woodson, and of Anderson, \Voodson & B igge rs; but the business failing, he transferred all hi s property in Albemarle to J ohn R. Jones as trustee, wh o in 1829 sold it for the payment of his debts. A s ou, Cbarles Anderson, was a Druggi st in Richmond, and a few years ago removed to Roanoke . whe r e he died.

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HI ST ORY Of' A I.BEMA RL E BA LLARD .

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Ballard wa s Que of th e first names o f the count y in the order of time. As early as 1738, Thoma s Ball a rd ob tained a patent for three hundred and twenty ac res nea r the foot of P iney ~Ioulltaill. Hi s descenda nts beca m e numerous, all hav in g large families, and occupyiug" fa rm s in the s tretch of country bet ween Pine y lo, [onntaiu and Brown's Cove.

Thoma s died in 178 1, leaving s ix so ns and th ree daughters , Thomas, William, J ohu , David, Bland, Sa muel , Auo , the wife of Gabriel Maupin, Frances , and Susan, the wife of William P elt it. The second Th omas died in 1804. His c hil d re n were J ohn, J ames, AnD, tbe wife of a Bru ce, ~1ary, the wife o f a Da vis, Lucy, the wife of Jose ph Harvey , Elizabeth , th e wi fe of Frost S now, a nd Martha, the wife of ~r homas Pettit. J oh n marr ied, it is be l ieved, E lizabeth, daughter of Roger Thomps on, a nd died in 1829, leaving seve n sons and one daughter , Edwa rd, Jam es, David, J oh n, Nichol as , William, \Vil so n, and Elizabeth , the wife of Pl ea sa nt J ar man.

James, brother of John , m a rri ed A nn , daughter of David Rod es, a nd died in 1853. Hi s c hildren were Garland, T homas, David, S us an, the wife of Thoma s L. S h elton, Se lina , the wife of T homas Boha nnon, Judith , the wife of Nimrod Day , Frances, the wife of Porte r Cleveland, Sop hia , the wife of Hud so n Oaks, and Mary, the wife of \Villiam Th ompson. Wi ll iam, son of the fir s t Thoma s, married a daugh te r of \ Vill iam J arma n , and lived below l\lecbum's De pot ; and b is SO l1 John P., after occ upyi ng a position with Valentine, Fry & Co. in Charlottesville, re moved to Richm ond, where he founded the B a llard Hou se. forme rly one of the mos t pop ular hotels of tha t ci ty.

Bland married Frances, daughter o f J oh n Shifl ett, and died in 1809. His fam ily con s isted of five so ns and te u daughter s . H e don a ted the ground on which the old I vy Creek Me thod ist Church was built.

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BA RC LAV .

Robert Barclay anci his wife S arah lived, in the early part of the ce ntury, 011 the south side of the road leading from toe CTO!:iS Roads to I s rael's Cap, a t th e place where James B.

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Sutherl and now resid~s. Th ere Barclay died in 181 8, and his widow was afterwards married to John H arris, of Viewmont.

He left two sons and two daughters, ~'1ary E., who became t he wife of John D. Moon Sr., Thoma s J ., James T., and Anu Maria , the wife of Edward H. Moon. Tho mas died unmarrie d in 1828. About the same time James ca me to Charlottesville, and opened a drug store. He l ived in the brick house on the northeast corner of l\'larket and Seventh Streets, which he bought in 1830 from Rev. F. W. Hatch. This place a nd some other property he sold to T. J. Randolph, :lnd the same year purc hased frOID him Monticello, containing- five hundred and fifty-two aCles, then valued at seven thousand dolla rs. tbe transaction being in all probability au exchange. He resided there till 1836, when he so ld it with two hundred and eightee n acres to COUlmodore Uriah P. L evy. He then became a Disciples minister. and sailed as a missionary to Jeru salem, where he re mained for many years . As the re suI t of h is researches there, he published a large work de 路 scriptive of the place, entitl ed The City of t he Great King.

He and his wife Julia had several children, among them a son, who was appointed bv :\Ir. Clev" land in his first term Consul to Algiers, where a kinsman of the same name had discharged th e same fun ctions a hundred years before . 'I'he latter part of Mr. Barclay 'S life was spent in thi s coun try with a son in Alabama , where be died a few years ago .

BARKSDAI,E.

, \Villiam Barksdale is noticed in the records in 17 65. He was for a number of y ears a buyer of land, chiefly on the south fork of the Rivanna north of Hydrauli c Mills, and on the upper part of Mechum 's River. H e aUl~ his wife Ann were the parents of e le ven chi ldren, Nathan, Goodman, Samuel, Jonathan , Johu H., Kelson, , the wife of Johu Dougl ass, AUlJ. the wife of A lexander Fretwe ll, Sarah, the wife of \Villiam Warwick, of Amherst, Lucy , the wife of Richard Burch. and Elizabeth. \Villiam Barksdale died in 17 96, and so me years later his widow was married to Philip Day. Nath an seems to have died young, leav ing two SOilS,

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A chill es and Doug lass, to whom their grandfa ther gave a tract of land on Mechum's R iver above the De pot of that name . G ood man and Jonathan were sett led in the same ne ighborhood. Goodman died in 18 32 . Jonathan married Lucy , daug bter of G iles Rogers, and died in 1831. Hi s children were Nan cy , th e wife of George \V . Kinsolving, Lu cy , t he w ife o f Richard Rothwell. Ralph , Nathan, who marri ed h is cousin Eli zabeth , daughter o f Par me na s Rogers, and whose childre n were Ralph, Lucy, Mary and George, and William G ., wh o married Elmira, daughter of John Wood. J onathan fo rm erly owned the land on which the village of Hillsboro sta n ds.

S amuel Barksdal e lived betwee n the old L y nchburg R oad and Dud ley ' s Mountain. H e w as twi ce m a rried , first to Mary , daughter of J ere mia h Hamner , and secondly to J em ima, daug h te r of Charles \Vingfi eld Sr. H is childre n by the fir s t marri age were Elizabeth, the wi fe of Will ia m Wat son , lon g th e k ee per of the county jai l, and l'v! ary, the wifeof \V ill ia m Douglass . Those by the second were Rice G., whose wife wa s Elizabeth White, whose children were John H . Jr ., and J am es S., and who died in 1879 , John , who was a Pres byterian minister, one of the first set of st ude nts at Union Theologi cal Seminary, but who died ill Charlottesville in 1829, jus t a fte r enteri ng upon h is work, J ane, t he wife of \Villi s Day. and S arah, th e wi fe o f Ricbard, Fret well.

John H . Barksda le resided north o f Hydrauli c Mills. His chil dren were Hud son, Elizabeth, the wife of Cbarles Over -v street. and Orlando, who so me years ago lost his life on the R a ilroa d near the Burnt Mills. in the act of saving Edward G ilbe rt from being cru shed by a passi ng train . Nelson was the mos t acti ve and thri fty of the family. His home was al so north o f H yd raulic i\lill s. F or many years he farmed the She riffalt y of the county, and was Proctor of the Un ive rsi t y wh ile it wa s yet in its humbler guise as Ce ntral College. lI e died in 1861. H e married Jane , dau ghter of J esse Lew is, and h is ch ildren were M.ary J a ne, the wi fe of J . Frank Fry. Sa ra h , the wife of John J. Bowcock, Sophia, the wife of Ja mes Fra y , J ohn T . ,Eliza, tbe wife of Albert T errell ,

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and second ly of Robert Durrett, Caroline, the wife of T. J. Eddins, and Margaret , the wife of Dr. H. O. Austin.

B I BB.

The Bibbs came to A lbemarle from Louisa. In 1821 \Villiam A. became associated in the mercantile business with his father路in 路 law, Nimrod Bramham . He was appointed a magistrate of the county in 1832. \Vhe n the Branch of the Farmers' Bank of Virginia was established in Charlottesville, he was appointed its Cas hier, and managed its affairs with emment ski ll until all business was interrupted by the war.

I n 1836 he purchased from the trustees the square on which the old Female Seminary stood, the present site of the Leterman mansion, and made it his residence until his death in 1865. He married Sarah Bramham, and bi s children were H enry, Angeline, the wife of Edward J . Timberlake, Dr. \Villialll E., Horace, Cornel ia, the wife of George \V. Thorn hill. Emma, the wife of Professor H . H. H arris, James T., Sarah, the wife of Robert \Villiam s, and F. Gillett, the wife of George \Villingham , of South Carolina.

John H. Bibb, a nephew of \Vi ll ia:n A., commenced his business life as a clerk in the house of Valentine, Frv & Co. It was not long how eve r before he became a merchant on h is ow n account, conducting his affairs with s uccess until t he war. H e was al so the fir st Cashier of the Charlottesville Savings Bank. He built the brick house on the west side of Ridge Street, now in the possession of Dr. George Scribner, a nd resided there fo r some years. His home was afterwards at Bra nchland, where Major Bolton now resides, and he fi nally purchased the l arge brick on Jefferson Street, formerly th e dwelling of J ohn R. Jones. He married Harriet, daugh te r of French Strother, of Culpeper, and his children were H elen, the wife of \Villiam P. Louthan, A. Pendletou, and Ca t harine, the wife of Dr. \Villiam Du Bose, United States Navy.

Mr. Bibb died in 1888.

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BISHOP.

A Wi ll iam Bishop was the grantee of a small parcel of land on the sout h fork of Ha rdware in 1756 . which his

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dt!scendants sold in 1774 to George Eubank. In 1782 James Bi!'hop entered four hundred acre s on th e Blue Ridge in the Afton neighborhood . which he and his wife Elizabeth ~ubse· Que ntl y s old to other parti es. A bo ut the end of the last ce ntury Josepb Bishop began t o purcbase lan d in the co unty, and continued to purchase from time to tim e in variou s local it ies. part icularly in th e Bisc uit Run Valley and the vi cinity of D S. In 1803 b e boug ht from Joh n Carr twelve acres borde r ing o n the west side of Charlottesville, and ex· tending from the Sta unton to the Whitehall Road ; with this tract hi s nam e was lU ore intimately connected. H e establi s hed the tanyard at the wes t e n d of Main Street. He erected the first buildings in Rand om Row, an d gave lots on Vineg ar H ill to most of his ch ild re n . T he largest pa rt of this la nd be sold not long be fore his death to Johu Neilson, an Iris hma n , who was one of the contract ors for the Univers ity bui ldings . Joseph B ishop died in 1825. H e le ft nine chi ldren , John T , who married Ma ry Ann, daughter of James J effr ies , and removed to Dea rb orn Count y, In dia na, Josep h , Jam es, Auu, the wife of Johnson Pitt s, Pati ence, the wife of Gu s tavu s Parsons, Mary, the wife of William Young, Fra nces, J on athan A. J , who re moved t o Missouri, and Lu cy J a ne, the wife of Ezra :\'L \Volfe. Joseph Bi s hop' s \vi fe wa s Jane . daugh ter of Edmund Terrell , and hi s wife, .M argare t Willi s. a granda ugllter of H enry W illi s , the founder o f Frede ri ck sbnrg , and hi s wife, M ildred \V ashington Gregor y , sis te r o f Gene ra l \Vashington's fa the r. Hi s S Oil, J osep b, w as a n act ive dea le r in C harlott esvi ll e r ea l est ate. H e wa s a ile of the or iginal tru s tees ot' th e Discip les Church.

BLACK.

S:lIlJ uel Black was a native of I rela nd, and co min g to thi s cou n tr y as a s tl1 dc: nt of theo logy, wa'> li ce nsed to preach by the P n:shy te ry o f New Cas tle . H e was se ttled a s pastor o \'cr two chu rc hes ill Donegal Presby tery in P e nnsylvania.

In I H 3 he h l'R,a n to v isi t Virginia as a mi ssio nary, and in 174 7 rece ived a call fro m )'loll uta ill Pl a ins Cburc h, and the people of Iv y Cree k , who for med the co ngrega tion of D. S.

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145

In 1751 he purchased from Richard Stockton four hundred acres on Mechum's River, where he made his home until his death in 1.770. For a time he taught school in connection with his ministerial duties. Hi s wife's name was Catharine Shaw, and hi s children were Samuel, James, Margaret. Mary, Sarah, John and William. James became the owner of six hundred ac res Oll Stockton's Creek not far from Rockfish Gap, where he kept a public house, and where in the fall of 1777 be had as a guest General George Rogers Clark. He and his wife Eleanor sold out in 1780, and seem to have removed from tbe count.y. John and his wife Elizabeth, in 1789 sold to Menan Mills one hundred and .thirty acres adjoining the home place . After this time the only member of the family whose course can be traced is Samuel, the eldest son.

H e became a man of prominence, prospered in his affairs, wa s active as a magistrate for some years, and died in 1815.

He and his wife ~'lary had six sons and three daughters, Samuel, William, Dorcas, the wife of Charles Patrick, Catharine, :\1ary, the wife of John Rams'aY, James, John, Joel and Dan iel. The second son, \Villiam, married :\Iatilda Rowe, and died in 1809, leaving seven child l cn, Samuel , who died unmarried in 1846, Jane, the wife of Caleb Abell, Andrew, James, Thomas, who died uumarried in 1878. John and Mary.

Andrew died in 1875. His wife was Sarah, daughter of Nicholas Merritt, and his chi ldren, William, Nicholas, )''lary, the wife of Willis Piper, Elizabeth, the second wife of James H .

Rea, a nd Cynthia.

J ames married Rosanna. sister of Andrew's wife. and died in 1876. His chi ldren were Samuel.

Nicholas. Elizabeth. the wife of Richard Robinson, and Sarah Ann. the first wife of James H. Rea .

BOWCOCK.

The first of the Bowcock family ill the county was Jason.

The records mention indeed a Samuel Bowcock, but nothing more is known of him except that be died in 1783. A daughter of Alexander :\1cKinzie, who from 1742 to 1799 owned part of the land now possessed by the University, was the - 10

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

wife of a Bowcock, and left a daughte r who was l iving at the beginning of the century. The husband h ere re ferred to may have been Sam uel , a nd he ma y possibly have been the fathe r of Ja son. The latter lived on the Barboursville Road nort h of Stony Point, and d ied in 18 16. He and his wife Judith had six ch ild re n , Ann, the wife of A c hilles Douglass , Douglass, Achilles, Tandy , Mildred, the wife of John D ouglass. a nd J ohu , who succeeded h is fathe r on tbe old p lace. In Decem be r 1822, Achilles Bow cock, while sitting at table at Nathaniel Burnley's in Stony Poi nt , apparent ly in perfec t health, {ell dead from his ch air.

Douglass lived at the junct ion o f the E arlysville and Piney ),lountail1 Roads, and kept ta vern there for so me years befo re his death in 1825. Hi s wife was Mildred Bl ac kwell, and his chi ldren Catharine , the wife of Dr. John F. Bell, who removed to K.entucky, a nd John J . John 1. occu pied a large place in the hea rt s of the people o f the county. Hi s early adva n tages in point of ed ucatio n were s le nder, and h is natura l gifts not b r illi ant , yet fe w men exercised a wider or more beneficia l influence in th e community. His powers of perception were clear, his judgme nt so und, and his integrity without spot or s uspicion. H e inher ited h is fa t he r 's far m , and followed hi m in the cond uct of a publi c house; but almos t immediate ly he es poused the vie ws whic h had then begun t o prevail on the subjec t o f t emperance , and t urned the tavern into a house of entertain ment. The di s putes of the s u rrounding countr y were larg-ely referred to his arbitra t ion, and his decision wa s accepted a s an end of strife. His oeig-hbor s often desired that he s hould be the g uardian of their childre n , and sett le their estates. H e was a magi s trate unde r t he old regime. and among the firs t elected under the new constitu tion; and four times in success ion he was made by t he c h oice of his fellow justices presiding magi str ate of the County Cou rt .

For Illany years he served as Colonel of the Eighty-Eight h Regiment. his farm by the way being the regular pla ce o f its muster. H e was it member of the House of De lega~es, a nd according to a friend of oppos it e p oliti cs, s uch wa s the uni ,'ersa l regard ill whi c h he wa s held , that no competitor co uld

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stand before h im , and he might have been re-elected as often as he wished; but hi s unam b itiou s temper soon decli ned the ho nor . He was for a long period a ruling elder in the Sou th Pla ins Presbyterian Churc h. He died full of days in 1892, and wa s followed to the tomb by the high esteem and sincere regrets of a ll who kne w him. His wife was Sarah, daughter of Nelson Barksda le. Of his five sons and two daughters, Dr. Charles. who for many years practised hi s profession at Everettsville, did not long survive him.

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BOWEN.

Four brothers named Bowen bought land in Albemarle, Jam es M .. William, Peter aud Toomas C. They came from the vicinity of Jefferso nton. Rappahannock County. In 1817 James and Will iam together made their first purchase of five hun d red acres from Benjamin Fick lin-the old \Vhite pla ce southwest of Batesville. Jam es must have relinquished his in terest to William, since in 1829 the latter with his wife. wh o was El iza George, of Fa uQuier. sold this land to Roland H . Bates. William was a teacher, having had a school near I vy Depot, and afterwards near Mount Ed church. H e finally returned to Rappahannock. Peter. who was a phy· sic ian, ne ve r resided in the co unty. though he more than once purchased land in the Greenwood neighborhood. Besides farming. J a~es for some years prosecuted business as a merchant. H e prospered ill his affairs. and in 1835 bought the old Ramsey place. with its Mill, bui lding the large brick ma!l sio n wh ich sti ll stands, calli ng it Mirador , and mak ing it one of the finest seats in the county. He married Frances - Starke, and bis chi ldren were Ano, the wife of Dr. John R . Baylor, Mary, the wife of Dr. O. R. Fuosten, of Clarke, and Eliza, the wife of her co usin, Dr. George M. Bowe n , son of Peter . James died in 1880. His grand!:lon, James Bowen Funsten, wa s recently co nsecrated Episcopa l Bishop of Boise. Idah o. \Vhen Thomas first came to the county, he also e ngaJ{ed in the vocation of teaching. One of his schools was located beside the old Moun t Pleas ant Methodist Churc h, which

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HISTORY OF ALBEMAR L E

s t ood on the hill three or four hundred ya rds west of Hill sboro, and there he bad Slaughter Ficklin as one of h is p upil s.

In 1837 he purchased fr olll John Pilson t he p li:l ce w h ic h he occupied till his death, whi ch had bee n the old home of I saac Hardin, and wh ich consisted of three trac t s, H u uts m3n s , so ca ll ed from a fonner owner who removed t o Kentuc k y, Hard Labor, and Greenwood , whi ch ga ve n ame tathe Depot subsequentlyestab lis hed . Th omas Bowe n a cted a morc promi ne nt part in the affairs of the county than his brother, and sen"ed as a magistrate prior to the Cons titution of 1850. He wa s twice married , first to Mi ss Wheatley , of Cu lpe pe r . a nd second ly to ),[argaret Timberlake, of Clark County . He left tw o daughters, Mary Eliza. the wife of Colonel Grantham, of J efferson County. and Jlllia, the wife of John Shirley.

Hi s death occurred in 1886. Thornton \V. Bo we n , w ho lived nor th of \V hitehall , was a brother of the se gent leme n .

BRAM lIA M.

Nimrod Bramham first appears, wben be commenced business as a merchant at th e point where the road over Turkey Sag comes into the Barboursville road. H is s tore there was a noted ce ntre {or many years. H e purch ased the place in 1797 fro m James Sebree and Gravett Edwards. I-Ie was highly estee med both fo r his commercial ski ll a nd energy, aod {or hi s civil and m ilitary abilities. I n 1800 he su cceeded \Villiam \Virt as Lieutenant in the mi lit ia, and in 1806 Francis Walker as Colonel of the Eighty-Eighth Regi me nt .

In UWl he wa s app'li nted a mag is trate. He represented the county in the Legislature in 18 12. I n 1805 he gave the grouud for the Priddy 's Creek Baptis t Church, and was one of the first trustees of the Charlottesvi ll e Baptist C hurch . lI e probably removed to Char lottes v ille in 1806, as h e t he n bought part of the lot on the west side of t he S q ua re, where for years he did business under the firms, firs t o f Bra mham and Jones, and afterwa rds of Bramham and Bibb. In 18 18 he purchased from Jesse \V. Ga rth the place south west of Charlottesville, on whi ch h e built the large brick house , the present residence of H er ndon Fife, where he spent the

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remainder of his life. He died in 1845. His wife was Margaret Marshall, of Culpeper, and his children , Sarah, the wife of \Villiam A. Bibb, Nimrod, James, Lucy, the wife of John Simpson, Gilly, the wife of \Villiam Eddins, and Jane, the wife of Dr. Wyatt W. Hamner.

BRAND.

Joseph Brand came from Hanover County, and in 1779 bought from John Clark seven hundred and seventy路three acres of land on Mechunk Creek. Some years after he purchased a tract of more than six hundred acres on the Rivanna opposi te Mitton. He also owned property in Hanover, and land in the North \Vestern Territory on the ~>[iami. He died in 1814. H e and hi s wife Frances had twel ve childre n, Benjamin, Sarah, \Villiam, James, Josep h , Chiles, Da vid , Robert , Eliza, George, John, and Frances, the wife of David Huckstep. \Vhat hecame of most of this large household is not known. One of the sons, \Villiam, it is believed, emigrated to New Orleans, where he prosecuted a successful business. The year after her father's death, Sarah was married to John Robertson, a nat ive of Sc,)t!a nd, who had taught school in th e county for some years, and who in 1814 was taken und er the care of Hanover Presbytery as a candidate for the mini stry. Chiles married Elizabeth Bryan, and died in 1861 . Hi s c h ildre n were Ann Eliza, the wife of Thomas R. Bailey , Mary Jane, the wife of Richard Pinkard, Sarah, Richard , Catharine, who was for many years a teacher in Charlottesvill e, and became the wife of \VilJiam Bell, of Augusta, Maria . \Villiam, James, and Lucy, the wife of R. H . Munday, who still occupies the house on University Street which was conveyed to ber grandmother by John M. Pe rry in 1825.

William D. Meriwether and Jame s Lindsay were the acting executors of Joseph Brand, and according to the instructions of hi s will sold the land opposite Milton to Martin Dawson in 1815. and that on Mechuuk to Josep h C ampbell in 1833.

BROCKMAN.

One of the early land owners in the northeast part of the county was Samuel Broc kman. H e died in 177 9 , leaving

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two sons, Samuel and \Villiam, and probllblya third named Jason. William was apparently p r ospe rOll S in his affairs.

He lived on Priddy 's Creek, owned a considerable quantity of land, and bad one of the first mills erected in that section.

H e died in 1809 . A Bapt ist church . the precursor of the present Priddy 's C reek Church, was on his land, and be devised it to the congregation u sing it as a p lace of worship.

Hi s child re n were Frances , the wife of a Taylor, Elizabeth, John, Margaret. the wife of a H e nderson, Thomas, \Villiam, Ambrose. Sa muel, and Catharine, the wife of a Bell. Ambrose married Nancy, daughter of Captai n William Simms, and became a Baptist preacher. Samuel m arr ied Ann Simms , a siste r of Ambrose's wife, aDd his son Samuel, who died in 1847, was the father of Richard Simms, Bluford, Tandy, Simpson, Tazewell. and Agatha. the wife of Thomas Edwards.

Richard Simms marriei Martha, the daughter of Wiley Di ck路 erson, and r emoved to Amherst . Among hi s children were Fontaine D., Harriet, the wife of \Villiam J effrie s, Tandy, and Willis A ll en, who removed to A tl anta, Georgia.

In the early part of the century many of th is name emi grated to Kentucky, a T a ndy Brockman goi ng to Christian County, and Elizabeth, a widow, with a large family of children, to Boone.

BROOKS.

James Brooks was a lawyer of the early Albemarle bar. lI e married Eli zabeth, daugh ter of Richard \Voods, and lived on a parcel of land on Mechum's River below the Miller School , give n him by his fathe r -in- la w . H e died in 1815, compa rat ive ly young. Hischi ldren were Robert, Elizabeth, Jam es and Richard. He, and af ter him his son Robert, had charge of the es tate of Thomas \Vest.

In 1808 Robert marri ed Elizabeth, daugbterof James Hays , the founder of New York, and at firs t resided in Nelson Connty. In 18 12 he became a res ident of New York, purc ba sing Lot Thirty-One, on which stood at the time a ones tory framed hou se . In 18 17 he made from David Hays the fir~ t purchase of what was s ubsequent ly the Brooksville plan' t ation in the same vicinity, The next year his brothers and sis-

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ters appointed him their attorney to sell nine thousand acres of land in Harrison County, Kentucky. For a long period he kept a tavern at Brooksville, held in high esteem among travellers for its capital good cheer. He was a magistrate of th e county, and a ruling elder in the Mountain Plains Church. He and John Pilson were the only justices who appeared to e nforce the law against profane swearing, both paying over to the Poor Fund fines which tbey had imposed for t hat offence. His children were E lizabeth , Mary Frances, William, Robert, Ira, Henry and 1'I'!aria Antoinette. But thougb possessing a fine farm, and conducting a popular hostelry, his affairs became greatly embarrassed. In 1836 be was compelled by his debts to sell his place to James P. Tyler. and removed to Kentucky.

BROWN.

The Browns of Brown's Cove were a Hanover family. It s head , Benjamin. and his eldes t son Benjamin, patented a large area of land in Louisa County, both before and after its establishment ill 1742. They began to obtain grants in Albemarle also soon after its format:on. From 1747 to 1760 they entered more than six thousand acres on both sides of Doyle's River. Benjamin Sr ., married Sarah Dabney, who according to Dr. Charles Brown's will, was descended from the J ennings that left the enormous estate in England, whic3 such a multitudinous posterity in this country bas coveted, and which prompted Dr. Charles to cross the great sea twice in his old age. Benjamin died in 1762 , leaving' eleven chi ldren, Benjamin, \Villiam, Agnes , Barzillai , Benajah, Bernard, Bemis, Bezaleel. Brightberry, Elizabeth, the wife of John Price, and Lucretia. the wife of Rober~ Harri s. Pas si ng th ese names under review, one can imagine the delight of the old gentleman in the iterating alliteration of B. B., and how assiduously he searched the Scriptures and the Lives of the Saints, to attain h is pet idea l.

Benjamin and Willi am were their father 's executors, and appear to have bad their portions and residence in Hanover or Louisa. Barzillai sold out in Albemarle. and settled in

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Shelby County, Kentucky, in 1809 . Be najah also disposed of hi s inte rests, and removed to Bucking ham.

Bernard had hi s home at the foot of Buck's Elbow, Dot far from \Vhite hall. He was the 6rst of the fam ily to depart this life, dying in 1800 . H e and hi s wife Eli zabet h had twe lve chi ldren, Robert. R e ube n , Bernard M., Charles, Thoma s H. , Ira B" A sa B., Benjami n H" Be zaleel. Francioa, the wife of John Rodes. Lucy, t he wife of Natha ni el Thompson Sr., and Sa rah. Robert and Reuben em ig rated to SUllluerCounty, T ennessee. Bernard M . married Miriam, daughter of David Maupin, and had nine childr~n, among whom we re Thompson Brown , Sarah, the wife of Clift on Browll , and Pyrena , the wife of T ilman Ma u pi n. Charles practi ced medicine in Charlottesville in the ea rly part of the century. H e li ved wh ere Dr. \V. G. Roge r~ now resides till 1822, when he removed to t he far m o n the w a ters o f Ivy Cree k which he bought from Crenshaw Fretwell, and ou whic h his son Ezra sti ll res ides. H e married h is cou si n Mary . daughter of Beza lee l Brown , and had six c h ild re n.

He died in 1879, having attaiued the remarkable age o f ninety -si x years . Thomas H . marri ed first M ildred Brown, and secondly Lucy, daughter of H orsley Goodman. B y his fir s t marria ge he h ad a daughter Ernaline, who wa s th e wife of \V. G. Fretwel l. Ira B. married Fra tlkes Mullins, aud/ had six c h ild ren, a moug them Burlington D. Brown. Be njamin H . married Ju dith, daughter of Hudso n Fretwell.

Bezeleel married Elizabeth, daughte r of J ohn A. Michie, and h is child ren were Cynthia, the wife of \ Vill ia m H . Brown, Frances. Addisbn , \Villiam SOll, Mary, the wife of George \V. Kemper, Mart h a, the wife of Charle s H. Parrott, and John A . M. H e was c ut off in the pr ime of hi s days in 1825.

The fami ly of Bern ard Brown was remarkabl e in one r es pec t.

H e and his three so ns, Charles, Th omas H. , and Ira B. were magistrates of the co unty. and two of them se rved as S heriff, Cha rl es in lS-lI, and Th omas I-I. in 1849 .

Bernis was one of the early Met hodist preach ers in the cou nt y and cO llntry . e nte ring the m inist ry some years before the close of th e la s t century.

H e married H e n路

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rietta, daughter of John Rodes , and died in 1815 , lea ving eight child ren , S arah, the wife of Thoma s J ones, Henrietta, the wife of John Ruff , Ann , the wi fe of J o hn Dic kerson, Bernis, Tyree, Be njamin 1'., wh o marri ed Lucy R ich ard s , Elizabeth, the wife of Charles Carthrae. a nd John R. Bezaleel was an offi ce r in th e Revoluti o nary a rmy a t Yorktown, was a magistrate of the county . and serve d a s She riff ill 1805. He died in 1829 . H e and h is wi fe Ma ry had s ix childre n, \Vill iam T ., Bez aleel , El izabeth , the w ife of J esse Garth , Lucy, the wi fe of ber cou si n Re uben, Bern ard 's son , Sarah, th e wife of Charles P arrott , and Ma ry, th e wife of Dr. Charles . 'W illiam T . married :M ary, d aug hter o f J a mes Jarman, and died in 1877. Hi s ch ildren were Lucy , Sa rah , the wife of John R. Early , and l\"lary , the w ife of Dr. William E. Bibb. Bezaleel wa s appointed a mag istrate in 183 5. was a member of the House of Delegates from 1844 to 1847 , and died in 187 8 .

'Brightberry and hi s wife Ma ry had fi ve sons , H orace.

Clifton , William , N imrod, and Bri g htberry. H e di ed in 1846.

Horace lives! at the hea d o f tb e Cove, just be nea th Brown ' s Gap, and hi s bou se , on acco unt of :ts b raci ng ai r , q uiet seclusion and gen erous fare, was a favorit e resort of the Methodist clergy durin g the hea t of summ er.

This family of Bro wn , [rom the ir early settle ment, their prominent part in pu bl ic affairs. th e hig h character g en erally prevale nt among the m, and t he lastin g im p ress the y ba ve mar'le on the natural sce ne ry of the count y, is o ue of the most noted in its history .

A numerou s famil y of the sa me nam e began with And rew Brown, wh o in 1789 bou g ht land in N orth G arde u from John Everett. He lived in a house wh ich is s t ill standin g, a bout a quarte r of a mile we st of N orth Gard e n Depot. He died in 1804, and the place wa s well known for many years after as th e residence of hi s wife Mary . His cbild re n num bered tbirt een . Elizabetb, the wi fe of Joel Yancey , J o hn, J ames, Anderson, Nancy , Lucy, the wiie of R alph Thoma s, Sara h. the wife of Absalom Johnson , Nelso n , Mary , the wife of Martin Moore , !\'Iargaret, th e wife of James Kinsolv iug, Wil-

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lia mSO ll . ;"Ia urice an d Damaris , the wife o f Benjamin W. \V hee ler. J ohn m a rried Ma rtha, the widow of John P. Wat son , who had devised to h e r h is r~a l estate , nearly five hund red acres lyi ng east of No rth Garde n Depot; she however in 18 16 joined wi th h er s eco nd husband in a deed to J ame s L e ig h , that it wight b e reco n veyed to him . H e died in 1845, and h is chi ldre n we re John A " \Villiarn, Catharine. the w ife of J erome B . Wood, Sa rah, the wife of J o11u ~L Carr.

A UD, th e wi fe of George W. Rothwell , Charles , ]o,'I artha, the w ife of Be njami n F . Am mo nett , and Marietta , the wife of Elij a h J. Bettis . A nde r so n a nd hi s wife S us a n bad ten children, among wbom we re Sara h , th e wife of D. C . Rittenhouse , Ma ry J ane, the wife of J a mes A. \Vatson , and the late A nd re w J . Brow n, of Cha rlot tesv ill e.

A Be njamin Brown w as assoc iated with David Ross in the purcha se o f a la r ge num ber of lot s in Charlo ttesville . when the y we re o r igi n all y s old . He died about 1799, and John Brow n , of Loui s a , was hi s exec utor. It is probable Benjamin li ved in Lo u isa, a nd h e may have been the eldes t son of Benjami n S r ., of Brown ' s Cove .

Anot he r Be nj a m in Brown was a lawyer of the Albemarle bar at t he b egin n ing of the century. H e was the owner at d iff er e nt tim es of t he plantations of Meadow Creek and Moores b rook , at whi c h latte r place bi s son, Robert M .â&#x20AC;˘ a prom ine nt att orney of Amh er s t, wa s born. He married Sarah E. W . , d au gh ter of Colonel C h arles Lewi s , of North Garden.

Alle r se lling Moores br ook to R. B. Stres hley in 18 12, he rem oved to Amhe rs t County.

Matthew Brow n , w ho it is sa id w as not related to the last me nt ioned Be njamin, ma rr ied Anll , the si s ter of Benjamin 's w ife. F or a fe w yea rs s u bseque nt to 1804 , he resided on a t ho u sa nd acrt!s whi c h he p urch ased from .J ohn M. She ppard, of H a nover , and whi c h we re si tu ated in North Gard e n on the no rth s ide of 'i' olU 's Mountain. H e al s o removed to Amherst.

At a later da te h e wa s a con t ractor fo r erectin g the building-s of the U n iver s ity . He wa s t he g ra ndfath e r of Judge Thomps on Bro wn , of Nelso n.

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155

AUReH.

In 1763 Thomas Burch, of Caroline County, together with Ritcbins Brame, purchased from Francis Jerdone four hundred acres on Ivy Creek, a part of the !>'Hchael Holland tract, of which another part is the present Farmington. He died in 1775 , leav ing h is widow Sarah, and fourteen childre n, Mary, the wife of a Howlett, Cheadle, John, Benjamin, Kez iah, the wife of a Cook, William~ Sarah, the wife of a Bowl es, Anu, Frances, Samuel , Joseph, Richard, Jean Stapleton, the wife of John Rodes, son of the first Clifton, and Thoma s. His widow and J ames Kerr were ciesignated executors of his will. As to what became of most of this large family. no sign remains.

Samuel was shot by George Carter in hi s own door on Main Street in Charlottesville in 1800. Hi s hou se was situated about where the store of T. T. Norman now sta nd s. His wife, who was Mary, daughter of Jame s Kerr , with her daughter Sarah , who became the wife of Robert Andrews, removed to Fleming County, Kentucky, and their ,interest in the lot on whi ch Samuel had li ved, was so ld to \Villiam Thombs in 1828. Two sons, Thomas D. and J ames Kerr settled in Wake County, North Carolina, Jam es K., whose wife 's name was Helen , became a Presby terian minister, preached at one time in Kentucky, and in his last years removed to Mi ssou ri.

His daughter , Catharine was the wife of the distinguished divine of Kentucky, Dr. Nat han L. Rice.

Joseph Burch in 1786 married Mary, daugbterof the elder Clifton Rodes and his wife Sarah, daughter of J oh n Waller, of Pamullky. H e removed to Kentucky. A son of Jose ph was the.Rev. Clifton R. Burch, whose daughter was the wife of J ohn C. Breckinridge. the Vice President; and a daughter of Joseph was the wife of \Valler Bullock. and mother of the late Rev. J. J. Bullock, of Baltimore and \Vashington.

Richard Burch married Lncy, daughte r of William Barksdale in 1791. He was the owner of what is now known as the Ivy Cottage plantation, which was no doubt a part of his fath er's place. In 1793 he entered upon a contest with Moses Bates in regard to the erection of a mill on Ivy Creek; and

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in 1813 th e Court decided that th e r igh t to t he bed of the c reek belonged to Burch. Meanwhi le he devoted himself to tavern kee piug.

He conducted a public house at Stony Point , the n at .Mic h ie's Old T avern, a n d s till later at the Swan in Charlottesville. In 182 1 he w as engaged ill the same b usiness in Lovingsto n , Nelson County.

DU R N L hY.

John Burn ley, an E ng li s hman , who lived in Hanov er County, returned to England in 1771, leavi ng in Virginia a w ill of that date, but making another in Eng land in 177 8.

In both of these he bequeat hed property to a so n Zac hariah , and t o daughters, E lizabeth and Keziah, who were both married to Dukes. A liti gatio n fo llowed respecti ng these bequests, a nd wa s prot racted through \a p eriod o f fifty years.

Hardin Burnl ey, a broth e r or son of J ohn, obtained patents for land in A lbemarle from 1749 to 1764 . Zachariah, prob ably the one already mentioned, a nd a cit ize n of Orange County, purcha sed in 1767 from Dr. Ar thur Hopkin s nearly fifteen hundred acre s on H ardware and Totie r , whi ch Hardin had p atented, but forfeited for n ou +payment of quit r e nts.

In 1788 he a ls o p urcha sed upwa r ds of four hundred acres at the mouth of Priddy 's Creek, which he s hortly af ter sold to P ete r Clarkson. Nicholas Mill s, of Hanover , in 17 86 couveyed to Jam es Burn ley, of Louisa, a considera b le tract of la nd on Beave r Cree k , north of Mec hum 's River Depot, and from the nom ina l con s ide r ation speci fied it is likely he was M ill's so n -in -law. H e fix ed his res idence there. a~ did his SO n J ohn al so; but toward th e close of the ce ntury they appear to ha ve sold to other p er sons, and r emo ved elsew he re.

A Reube n Burnle y was the ow uer of L ot s Seve nty ¡ Three and Seve nty-Four in C har lottesvi ll e, the sq uare on whi ch Dr. W . C. Rogers res ides , and with hi s w ife Harriet conveyed the m in 1806 to Dr. Charles Everett.

A James Burnley purchased about eighty acre s north and north ea st of th e U niversity in 1803, b ut dyi ng before the deed wa s made , the prope rty wa s co nveyed to his w ife Ann. H e left a daughter Mary, who wa s marri ed fir st t o J ohn r... O 'Neal, and seco nd ly to

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157

Daniel Piper, and in the decade of 1820 she and her'second busband sold this land to different persons, in part to the University. \Vhen the estate of Cornelius Schenk was sold , Ann bought Lots Sixty-Seven and Sixty-Eight, immediately we st of the Episcopal Church, and lived there for many years, se ll ing them in 1837 to Alonzo Gooch. From her the spri ng at the foot 路 of the hill, at the juncti on of the extension of High St reet with the Wbitehall Road, fo rmerly went by the name of Burn ley's Spring. There can hardly be a doubt that aIt these Burnleys, as well as those mentioned hereafter, derived tbeir descent from the same stock.

Of eight brothers of the name be longi n g to Louisa County, two, and the descendants of two otbers, settled in Albemarle.

Seth Burnley lived north of Hydraulic Mill s , married Ann, daughter of Horsley Goodman, and died in 1857. He was succeeded by his SOll Jame!" H., who married Mildred, rlaughter of John J. Bowcock. Nicholas, who lived in the Beaver Creek niegbborhood, married Susan, daughter of James Harris. H e left two SOliS, James Harris and Joe l . who removed to Pickaway COllnt y, Ohio, and a daughter Mary, who was the wife of John T. \Vood. Samuel, the son of Henry Burnley, pursued for many years the calling of a teache r. He married Martha , the daughter of his cousin Nathaniel, and spent his last days on his farm on Mechunk, not far from Union Mills. H e died in 1875. A sister of Samuel, Mildred. became the wife of Crenshaw Fretwell, and four of his nieces the wives of Judge George P. Hugbes, James F. Burnley, A. J, Wood and J. R. \Vingfield. Nathaniel, the son of John Burnley, settled in the ear ly part of the century at Stony Point, wbere he kept tavern for many years. In 1829, in partnership with Rice W. Wood, he bough t from John M. Perry the Hydraulic Mills, where he transacted the millingand mercanti le busiuess until his death in 1860. In 1811 he married Sara h , daughter of the elder Drury Wood. and his children were J ames F., \Villiam, Horace, Drury, Martha, the wife of Samuel Burnley, Lucy, the wife of Charles Vest, Mary J ., the wife of Dr. Garland A. Garth, Emily, the wife of Burwell Garth, and Cornelia, the wife of J ames P. Railey.

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Nathaniel's sister Elizabeth was married in 1816 to Hudson Fretwell.

BUSTE R .

A fam ily named Buster, o cc asiona ll y spelled in the records Bustard, was sett led in the couoty at, or soo n after, its format ion. Its b ead was William, w!:!o lived in North Garden on the north fork of H ard ware, near where the old White mill stood. He was oue of the signe rs o f the ca ll t o Rev. Samu el Black. A bridge ca lled by his n a me spanned the stream near by, and was a landmark in tbe vicinity up to th e end of tbe last ce ntury . As early as 1749. bis wife Elizabeth was left a widow. He h ad certain ly two sons, John and Claudius, who were the owners of more than three bundred acres on the Hardware. Bot h also bought land on the head waters of Mec hum 's River. J ohn was for a time a citizen of Augu sta County. About 1785 he established himself on Moore 's Creek, a mile or two south of Jesse Maury's res idence. H e was a ruliug" elder in the D. S. Church, and died in 1820, aged eighty-three. He was twice ma rried. first to Elizabeth Woods, and second ly , to Alice, daughter of J o hn Gilliam. His chi ldren were An n, the wife of J ohn Wingfield, :M artha, the wife of Matthew \Vingfield, Sarah, th e wife of Dixon Dedman, Margaret, the wife of \Villiam Fos ter , Elizabeth , tbe wife o( George Moore, Patience, the w ife of Levi Wheat, Claudius and David.

Claudius about 17 85 purcbased the D . S., where he kept tavern until hi s death in 1807. He a nd bis w ife Dorcas had elev en childre n, John , Mary, the wif~ of James Hays, the found er of New York, William, Claudius, Thomas, Benjamin . Patie nce, the wife of Charles Bailey, Na ncy , the wife of William Garland, Robert, Cha rles Franklin and Elizabeth.

Claudiu s, who se wife's name was Anll, and Tbomas re moved to K a nawha, where Tbomas w as a Ju s tice of the Peace in 1819. Anothe r of the so ns, thought to be Charles Frankl in , removed to L oudoun County, whence hi s descendants afterwards we nt to Greenb rie r , of which county one of th em was rece ntly th e Clerk.

A Bus ter, no doubt another son of \V ill iam and Elizabeth.

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married Mary, daughter of Thomas Smith, and had two sons, John and David. These brothers in 1784 bought a tract of land on the old Richard \Voods Road sout hwest of Ivy Depot. part of which they sold to \Villiam Gooch. John also owned the land in North Garden east of Isra el's Gap, which he sold in 1799 to Thomas Carr, and which was the home o(his son Dabney Carr for more th a n three score years.

John Buster in 1786 married Lucy, daughter of Mask Leake. and about the beginning of the century removed to Charlotte County.

CARR.

Major Thomas Carr, of King \Villia m, commenced entering land within the present bounds of Albemarle in 1730. Up to 1737 he had patented more than five thousand acres along t he north fork of Rivanna, and on the west side of tbe South West Mounta in. The most of this land be gave to hi s son John , of Bear Castle , Louisa . John, who died about 1769, was twi ce married, first to Mary Dabney , and secondly to Barbara Overton. H is chi ldren were Thomas, Dabney, Samuel, Overton, Garland, and Sarah, the wife of Nathaniel Auderson, who resided on the old glebe of St. Anne's.

Thomas married Mary Clarkson. and his children were John Manoah, Dabney, Thomas, Samuel, and Mary, the wife of Howell Lewis, of North Garden. He lived on the south fork of the Rivanoa , and died in 1807. J o hn i\'l. was the Clerk of the Dist rict Court of Charlottesville , and the nrst Clerk of the Circuit Court of Albemarle, which office he filled till 1819 . His home was at Belmont. the residence of the late Slaughter Ficklin. His wife was Jane, the daughter of Colonel Charles Lewis , of North Garden, and his childre n Charles Lew is, a physician, who married Ann, widow of Richard P. Watson, and prac tised in No rth Garden, John H " wbo married Malinda, daugbter of 1\1auoah Clarkso n, Nathaniel, Willis, a physician, who married Mary Ann Gaines, and practised in the vicinity of Ivy, anll Jane . Most of tbis family, it is believed, emigrated to Kentucky . Dabney married Lucy, daughter of John Digges, of Ne lson, l ived in he southwest corner of North Garden, near the foot of Israel's Gap, and died in 1862, about ninety years of age.

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HI STORV OF ALBEMARLE

Dabney. the second son of John, w as the r is ing orator of Revolutionary times, mentioned by WiTt in his Life of Patrick H enry. He married Martha, sister of Mr. Jefferson.

He lived in Goochland, but died in 1773 in Charlottesville, whither be bad come on business. He was buried at old Shadwell, but in conseque nce of an agreement made in youtbful friendship, MT. Jefferson h ad his remains removed to JI.'1ollticello, wllt~ re it was the fir s t of a long l ist of distinguished interments in the present cemetery. His chilrlren were Peter, Sa muel , Dabney, l\fartha , the wife of Richard Terrell. Jane, the wife of :\liles Cary, and E lleo, the wife ofDr .

Newsom, of Mississippi .

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Peter studied law, was some t ime

Mr. J eff erson 's private secretary when Preside nt. married H este r Smit h Stevens on, a young widow of Baltimore, lived at Carrsbrook , was appointed a ma gistrate, bu t soon resigned, and died in 1815. He left three children, Dabney, ministe r to Turkey six years from 1843, Ellen, wife of \Villiam B. Buc hanan, of Baltimore, and J a ne r..¡I a rgaret, wife of \Vilson )'l, Cary.

SaUluel lived at Duulora, was a mag istra te , Colonel of cava lry in the war of 18 12, m e mhe r of the Hou se of Delega tes and the Sta te Senate, married fir st hi s cousin Ellen Carr, and seco ndly ;\[a ria , sister o f Maior \Villiam S . Dabney, was tbe father of J ames L a wrence, of Kanawha, a n d Colone l George. of Roanoke, and died in Kanawha in 1849. Dabney bega n life as a lawye r in Charlottesvi lle, married hi s cousin Elizabeth Carr, lived where Ira Garrett so long resided. and after being Chancellor of the \Vi nc hester District, became Judge of tbe Court of Appea ls in 182<1. H e died in Ri c h mond in 1837.

Samuel, the third so n of John Carr , was an office r in tbe Navy, married a Mrs. Riddick, of Nansemo nd , and died without c hi ldre n . lle devised hi!:> place Dllulora to his nep he w a nd nam esa ke, Samuel.

Q\'erton, fourth so n of John, married a Mrs . Anderson. a nd resided in ).taryland. H is two daughte rs. Ellen and Eli zaheth, became the wives of Colonel Samuel a nd Ju dge Dabney.

A SO il , Jonathan Boncher , ca me to this cou nty, married his cOllsin llarbara, daugh te r of Gar la nd Carr, settled in Char-

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l ottesville as a lawyer, was Commonwealth's Attorney for eleve n yea rs from 1818, bought Dahney Carr's place, and sold it to Ira Garrett when h e moved to the country, lived whete Dr. H. O . Austin recently resided, and finally emigrated to Mi ssouri. He was the father of Mary Ann, wife of Hugh Minor. Another son, Overton, was for many years Door keeper of the House of Representatives at \Vashington.

Garland, youngest sou of J ohn, was a magistrate of the county, and li ved at Bentivar, whe re he died in 1838. He married Mary, daughter of \Villiam Winston, of Hanover, and his children were Francis, Daniel Ferrel, James 0., Barbara, the wife of J. Bouche: Carr. Elizabeth, the wifeof Rev. John D. Paxton, of Rockbridge, and Mary, the wife of Achilles Broadhead, who succeeded \Villiam \Voods as County Surveyor, removed to Missouri. and was the father of the late Hon. Jam es O. Broadhead, of St. Louis, and Professor Garland C., of the University of Missouri . Francis was in many ways a useful man, a physician. a teacher, an edi tor, Secretary of the County Agr icultura l Society, Secretary of the Faculty of the University, and for many years an active magistrate. He also served as She riff in 1839. He married first Virginia, daughter of Richard T errell, and sec ondly Maria, dau}thterof Richard Morris. H e had two sons, Peter, who rem oved to Missouri, and the late F. E. G. He lived in town in the one story frame in the rear of the late Thomas Wood's, and in the country at Red Hill, where he died in 1854. Daniel Ferrel succeeded his father at Bentivar, married Emily, daughter of William Terrell, and died in 1847 , leaving his estate to his son, Dr. \V. G. Carr. James 0., married Mary, daughter of Richard H . Allen, lived at the Mead ows, the present reside nce of H. C. Michie. and near t he close of his life removed to Amherst, where he died in 1864.

William Carr was the patentee of upwards of four thousand acres on the north fork of the Rivanna, above that entered by Major Thomas Carr, and embracing the region lying west of the Burnt Mills. He was also granted a trac t - 11

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HI STORY OF AL BE MA RLE

of fO U T h u nd red acres on Buc k !o.' Iou n ta in Cree k . Thes e e ntries were made from 1737 to 1740. A fte r the death of \ Vi ll ia m, h is widow Su s an was m a rr ied t o Lodowi ck O 'Nea l.

H e h ad a s on T hom as , a nd a daughte r P hoeb'!, th e w ife of W alter Chiles; these per s on s wh o sold port io ns o f the land a bove ment ioned, belon ged to Spotsy lva n ia. A part of this la n d a ls o wa s th e p roper ty of .M ordecai H or d, d ur ing bis resid e n c~i n t he c ou nt y .

It is l ike ly \Villiam b ad a not h f' T so n n 3mecf'c..haries, as in 1780 a part of t he sa me land t h at William bad 'e tered, and th at " h ad formerly belo ng ed to C ha rles Carr, " \V so ld by \ Valter Carr (pres u mably a s on of Charl es) a nd h is ife E lizabet h .

Three othe r Cans , Ii ad s of fami lies. livea on the west si de o f t he So uth \Ves t MO ll ain , s ou t h of St o ny P oint. W hat relation th e y bo re to eae . other, or to those al ready me n t ioned , is n ot known; b u t t ere ca n sca rcely b e a questi on th at they were all der ived o m the sa me source . Their n am es we re Gideo n , M icaia h a n G ideon died in 1795 .

H :s ch ildre n were \Vi ll ia m. Thoma s , Ma r y, t he w ife of T homas T rav ill ian, Joh n , Gi deon , Nan cy , the w ife of Be n jami n T h u rma n , M ica ja h , Elizabet h , the wi fe o f J ohn Fitc h , and Mee k in s. It is probable ru os t of t he desce nda nts of this famil y e m igrated to t he \Vest. A not ice of the deat h of T homas Ca rr is extant , in wh ic h it is s t at ed that h e wa s the son o f G ideo n Ca rr , a p io neer se ttle r o n th e L itt le Mountai n in A lbe ma rle , t h at h e re moved to W ilso n County, T e n uessee in 1807. and tha t h e d ied in 182 1 in the seve nty -n inth ye a r of hi s age . ).l icaiah died in 18 12. H e wa s at o ne t im e t he o wne r of Colle. I-I e and h is wi fe E lizabe t h had t e n c h il dre n , Ma ry , the w ife of W. J . B lades, Ma rtha , the w ife of Da n iel Shacke lford, Mi ld red . th e wife of James Trav illi an, D a v id. J a mes , John, H e n ley, the wife of Gi deon C . T ra v ill ian . Sarah , the Wife of J ohn H . io.'1addox , G eorge , w ho in ea rly li fe taught school in Charlottes v ill e, and at t he time o i hi s death in 1886 wa s th e Nes tor of t he A l b~lll arl e ba r , and Burt on, who rem oved to Gree n County, K e ntucky .

J oh n Ca rr wa s a s u cce~ sf ul m a n. H e became t ile owne r

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by purchase of more than fifteen hundred acres in different parts of the county. He died in 1809. He and his wife Elizabeth had n ine chi ldren, David, who married Eliza, daughte r of Achilles Bowcock, Thoma s D., Mary, the wife of \Viley Dickerson, Malinda, the wife of Drury Wood, Nancy , the wife of Allen Jones, Elizabeth, the wife of Thoma s Salmon, Sarah, the wife of James Early, Anderson, who r e moved to Montgomery County, Tennessee, and John F., who removed to Nelson County .

â&#x20AC;˘ CARTER.

John Carter obtained in 1730 the grant of nine thollsand, three hundred and fifty acres, whi ch embraced the 'w hole of what is st ill called Carter's Mountain. It seems strange he should have t a ke n up a rugged mountain, when the whole country lay before him to choose from, the Biscnit Run valley, the fair c,a mpaign between Moore's and Meadow Creeks, the fe rtile lands of Ivy, the North and South Gardens, and the Rich Cove; but perc!!ance, having s pent all his days in the tidewater district, wearied with its fla tn e's s, and languid from its malaria. the breezy summits of the mountains had a peculiar cbarm in his eyes. He was tl:.e eldest son of Robert (King) Ca rter, and was made Secretary of the Colony in 1721; for wh ic h appointment it is said be paid fifteen hundred pounds sterling.

He also patented ten thousand acres on Piney and Buffalo Rivers in Amherst.

He died in 1742, about two years before the formation of Albemarle; he nce the title frequently given him in the early record s in connection wi th places associated with his name, the late Secretary's Ford, Road , Mill, &c. He never lived in the county, but had in it two establishments, both furnished with a large number of servants, the Mill improvemen t on the west side of the mountain, on the north fork of Hardware , and the other on the east side called Clea r Mount, perhaps the same with Redlands, or Blenheim. His eldest son Charles s u cceeded to his patrimonial estate in LancasteT, but his lands in Albemarle were given to his son Edward.

Edward married Sarah Cbawpe, and in his early life lived

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in Fredericksburg, but in hi s lat te r years s pe nt much of his t ime at Blenheim. H e represented th e cou nty in the House of Burgesses with Dr. Thoma s \Valker from 1767 to 1769, and in the House of Delegates with George N icholas in 1788.

He died in 1792. Hi s chi ld ren were Johu, Charles, Edwa rd, \Villiam Champe, Hill, George, \ Vbitake r . Robert, Eliza bet h , t he wife of \Villiam Sta n a rd , uncl e of Judge Robert Stana rd. Sara b, the wife of b er cou s in George Carter , Jane , the wife of Ma jor Ve nn inet , Mary, the wife of Francis T .

Brooke, Jud ge of the Court of Appeals, and Aun \V. Troup.

Charles married Elizabeth, daughter of Fie lding Lewis, and among his children wa s :M aria, the wife of Profess or George Tu cker , of the University, and mother of Eli za, wife of Profess or G essner H arrison, and Maria, second wife of Georg e Rives.

Edward married .Mary R . , daugh tH of Colonel Charles Lewis , of North Garde n , and haC. among o ther chilliren by this marriage Dr. Ch arles Carter. Hi s second wife was Lu cy, daughter of Valentine \Vood and Lucy Henry, sister of the famous orator. H e sold hi s possess ions in Albema rle. and removed to Amherst.

William Champe married Maria Farley, lived at one t ime at Viewmont, which he purchased from Governor Edmu n d Randolph , and s u bsequent ly removed to Culpeper. H is daughter E l izabet h became the wife of Samuel Sterrow , of that county. Hill l ived in Amh e r s t, and married there it, is s aid , a M is s Rose. â&#x20AC;˘ G eorge became insane, and wa s no doubt suffering fro m menta l deran gement, when in 1800 he wa s bound over for cballe ng ing James Lewis, and a few d ays after killed Samuel Burch . ~'lr. Jefferson in a letter to hi s daughter dated July fOllrth re fer s to thi s event: "A murder ill our neighborhood is the the me of present co nversa t iou. G eorge Carter s h ot Burch of Charlottesvi ll e iu bi s own door, and on very s l ight pro vocation. He died in a few minutes . The examin in g Court meets to morrow." As tbe resu lt of the t r ial, he w as se ut to the Asylum, where he co ntinned unti l his death in 1816.

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLF.

165

Whitaker never married, and squandered his property by dissipation. He died in Charlottesville in 1821. A year or two before hi s death he conveyed to his sister-in-law , Mrs. Mary Eliza Carter, one-seventh and one-twelfth of a parcel of land in Fluvanna, about twenty-five acres near Scott's Ferry, devised by Edward Carter to his seven youngest sons; in the consideration for this fag-end of a handsome estate, "for kindness , pecuniary and other favors, " there was some thing sadly pathetic.

Robert married Mary Eliza, daughter of John Coles. He lived at Redlands, just east of Carter's Bridge, where he died comparatively young in 1810. His children were John Coles, who marri ed Ellen Monroe Bankhead, was a magistrate, was once the owner of Farmington, and moved to Missouri. Rob· ert H., who succeeded his father at Redlands, was admitted to the bar, was appointed a magistrate, and married Margaret Smith. a granddaughter of Gov. \V. C. Nicholas, Mary, the fir st wife of George Rives, and Sarah, the wife of Dr. Benjami:::l F. Randolph.

•

CLARK.

Christoph er Clark was a large land owner in Loui sa, and obtained grants withm the present limits of Albemarle in 1732. He was a Quaker, and with his son Bowling was overseer of a Friends' Meeting House , which was si tuated on la nd he had entered near the Suga-r Loaf peak of the South \Vest Mountain. He and Bowling also took out patents on Totier Creek. Numerous tracts in the eastern part of the county were owned by the Clark family. John in 1778 pur· chased from Robert Nelson, of Yorktown, more than two th ousand acres on Mechunk, which were patented in 1733

by Thomas Darsie, and which Clark sold the same year to James Quarles and Joseph Braud. As well as can be ascer· tain ed, Christopher and his wife Penelope bad five sons and four daughters, Edward, Bowling, Micajah, John, Christopber , Elizabeth, the wife of J oseph Anthony, who entered two thousand and forty acres in Bisc uit Run valley, and moved to Bedford County, and a number of whose descend-

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HISTORY OF AL BE MARLE

ants inte rmarried with m e mbe r s of the Cabell family, Sarah ,

the wife of Cb arl es Lynch , Rachel, th e wife of Thomas Moorm a n , a nd th e w ife of Be nj a min J o hnson. ~ ~ ~ The m ost o f the fa m ily re m oved to Bedford, n o w Campbe ll Co uot y. In 17j.,J. Edwa r d a nd Bowl ing we re o ve rsee rs of the F rie nds' South River Meet ing H ouse, located ou L y nc h ' s B rauc h of Bl ac kwater Cree k , t h ree o r fo ur mil es fro m L y n chb u rg. '\[j caj ah m a rried Judith , d augh te r o f Rober t A d a ms. a nd his eh ild ren it is be l ieved we re 1\1 ica jah , Robert , Jacob a nd \ Vi ll ia m . Robert m arr ied Susa n , da ug hte r of J oh n H e nde rso n Sr. , a nd fo ll owed h is reia th'es t o Bedfo rd; hi s c hil d ren we re Robe rt, the fi rst m a nu fa ct ure r of iron in K e ntucky, J ames, Governo r of K e ntucky w he n he di ed in 1839, a nd Be nne tt , t he falhf'r a nd g ra nd fat h e r of the two J ohn Bulloc k Cl a r ks , who were both m e m bers of Con g res s fro m !IT issour i, and both Ge ne ral s in the Co nfede ra te army . \ V illiam was d e p u ty sh e r iff fo r J ohn Mar ks in 1786, and w as e m powe red hy t he L egis la t ure O ll a ccount o f h is c hi ef' s r e mo va l to sell l a nds delinque nt for t ax es. H e wa s a lso a mag is t ra te of the county , and died in 1800. I-l is son s we re J acob , J a mes a nd Mi ca ja h, an d hi s wi do w E liza bet h (A llen) Clark is reru em be r ed by m a n y a s the propri etor of Cl ark s v ill e , an e xcellen t h o use o f e ntert ainm e nt n ear K esw ick, rece ntly t be coun try seat of J a mes B. P ace . of Ric hmond. James wa s a magistrate, m a rr ied Ma r ga re t , d a u g hte r o f Thomas \V. L e wis , of L oc u st G rove , a n d in 183 6 w ith 111 0st of the L ew is fa mil y em igr ated to Missou ri . :-..l ica ja h became a phy s ician, a nd w as for m a ny yea rs a s u cce s s fu l pract it ione r in Ri c hmond.

C L A RKSON.

Five Cla rkso L1 <; fi ll ed a con s idera ble s p ace in the early hi s tory of the count y, P e te r, J oh n, \V illi a m , J a m es and Ma n oah. The re is docum e nta r y evid e nce th a t t hree of t h ese we r e b r oth e rs, J oh n. \Vill iam and James, son s of Davi d C larkson , w bo came fro m Amhe rs t; it is p rob able the ot he r t wo were a lso broth e rs in the s ame fam ily. T h e re seem s m oreover to have bee n three s is te rs . Mary, th e wife of Thom as Carr. S usa n, th e wi fe of J ohn L e w is , t he fa thf' f of J esse, a nd L etiti a , the wife o f Ze bulon A lp h in .

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167

Peter began t o purchase land in 177 0, huying two hundred and fifty acres from John Senter, not far from the present Rio Station, which he and his wife Ann sold soon after to Thomas Carr. Possessi ng apparently a large amount of money just after the Revolution, he purchased during the decade of 1780 nearly three thousand acres, lying on Spring Creek near 'W hitehall, south of Ivy Depot, and in the neighborhood of the Burnt Mills. On this last tract he made his home unti l his death in 18 14 . His chi ld ren were Elizabeth, William, Julius, Mary, the wife of Richard H arrison, David, aud Ann, the wife of )'lanl1 ~rownley. William and Julius were merchants in Milton, bu~ the former removed to Bourbon County, K en tu cky. Juliu s married :M ary, daughter of Jesse Lewis, and died in 1812 . His widow afterwards became the wife of John H. Craven , and his only child, Elizabeth, the wife of Thomas W. Maury. Da v id received a part of his father's pla ce at the mouth of Priddy 's Creek, where he died early. H e and his wife Lucy, daughter of Joseph :\1orton, bad four children, Joseph Morton, who emigrated to Alabama, Elizabeth, the wife of Richard D. Simms, :\Iary, the wife of Jam E's Collins. of )'1adison, and Nancy, the wife of Francis Catterton. Ann, the venerable widow of Peter, died in 1822, in the eightyeighth year of her age. , John and \Villiam settled beside each otber, west of the road between Hydraulic Mills and the Bowcock place. John bought upwards of five hundred acres fro III MajorJohn Wood, and \Villiam upw ards of four httndred from David Wood.

A place of busi ness existed so mewhere on t he ir l ~nd, known as Cl arkson' S Store, in alilikelibood conducted by both, a s both were alike overtaken by business disa ster. In 1807 they co nveyed their farms to the same tru stees to secure debts due William Brown & Co. of Richmond. and within nine years both farms were so ld by the trustees, that of W illiam to George Crank, and that of Jo hn to Nelson Barksdale. In 1820 John and his wife Nancy made another co nveyance to Barksdale, perhaps to dispose of the dower. in consideration of a life estate in fifty-nine acres. It is not known whether either of the brothers had children, but it is thought that â&#x20AC;˘

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

James Clarkson, who marri ed !\[a ri a, daugh ter of David Wood, was the son of John and Nancy.

J a mes Clarkson made hi s h ome in th e forks of Hardware. hi s pla ce e m br acing the mouth of Eppes Cree k , and being the same a ft erward s ow ned by the young patriot, Roberts Coles, and nOw in the possess ion of Tucker Coles. He bought it f roIU William Challlpe Cart er in 17':J9. He s uffe red from the b urd e n of debt, and to secure it pl aced his property und er a deed of trus t; b ut he mu st h ave arranged h is affairs sllccessfully, ao: i111828 h e and hi s wife Elizabeth sold hi s farm to T ho ma s Ma upin , SOil of \Villiam. He d ied in 1829 at the advanced age of ninety-five. A so n R e u be n re moved to :M eade County, K entucky, and a nother, Julius , marri ed Margaret M . , daughter of John Thoma s. Juliu s died about 1835, a nd in 1838 his widow was marri ed to Robert Cas hmere.

Manoah Cl a rk son advanced in th e co urse of life more s low ly, but m ore s u rely. In 1777 he bought nearly three hundred acres on I vy Creek nea r the Ba rra cks, whic h he sold two years later to John Harvie. H e the n rented from Garland Carr in the forks of the Rivauna. At length he purchased from David A nderson s ix hundred acres three o r four miles south o f Charlottesvi lle . a part of th e o ld Carter tract , where he lived until his death in 1829 in hi s eightyeighth year. H e was twice m a r:-ied, and bad twe lve chi ld ren, Mary. the wife of J eremia h A. Goodman, Na ncy, the wife of J es se Lewis, Jane, the wife of Thomas Ammonett, Mi ld red, the wife of Nathan Goodman, who we nt to Kentucky, J ames .

An se l m. who moved to Kentucky, Fran ces, t he wife of :VL C. Darnell, Dorothy, Malinda, the wife of John H. Carr, Elizabeth, the wife of \Villiam Watkins, Charlotte, t he wife of Edmund Hamner, anu Martha , the wife of Dudley J ones.

COCHRAN.

John Cochran came to Charl ottesv illl! from Augusta County about 1825. For years he was one of the leadi n g me rcha nts of the town, occ u pyi ng the s tore on the southwes t corner of J efferson and Fifth Streets . and residing in the building iw路

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

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mediately to the west. He was a man of energy and sound judg:nent , and achieved great s uccess. In 1829 , at the sale of lots in Anderson's Addition, he purchased a parcel of gronnd on Park Street, where he erected the large brick mansion, in which he lived until his death in 1883 , at the age of eighty-si x. H e was appointed a magistrate of the county in 1843. His wife was Margare t Lynn, daug-hter of Major John Lewis, of Sweet Springs, and his children were JudgeJohn L., Margaret, the wife of John M. Preston, Howe P., Henry K., William Lynn, and George M. Mr. Cochran owned the mill on Meadow Creek that had formerly belonged to J o hn H. Craven, and has left his name associated with it, and the adjoining poud; which however iu troe ever-changing movements of time has already become a thing of the past. â&#x20AC;˘

COCKE â&#x20AC;˘

James Powell Cocke, of Henrico, went to Augusta County in 1783, and bought frolll Rev. James \Vaddell, the blind preache r, Spring Hill, the old Patton place, that lay at the west foot of the Blue Ridge. In 1787 he came over to Albemarle , and purchased from Robert Nelson, son of President William Nel!'on, sixteen hundred acres, s ituated where the south fork of Hardware breaks through the mountain, one of the tracts patented in the name of l'dildred Meriwether . He fixed his residence on the east side of Fan's Mountain, and the west edge of the Eppes Creek valley, on the place rece ntly owned by J. Henry Yates . He first built the mill which ha s ever since continued in that vicinity, and whi c h for many years went by his name. His death occurred in 1829. He was twice married, first to Elizabeth Archer, and secondly to Lu cy Smith, and his c hil dren wde James Powell, who married Martha Ann Lewis, but died without children in 1811, Smith, who died unmarried in 1835, Chastain, who also died unmarri ed in 1838, Mary, the wife of Dr. Charles Carter, and Martha, the second wife of V. \V. Southall.

Charles Cocke, a nephew of the elder James P., came from Southampton County in 18 15, and bought from Rezin Porter the farm about two mile s west of Porter's Precinct, on which

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be liv ed during his life, and whic h is DOW in the possession of the Lane brothers. H e was a physician, though it is believed he never practised in this county. He was an active politician, and from 1822 to 1843 was at times a m e mber of the House of Delegates, and afterwards of the State Senate.

H e wa s appointed a magistrate in 1819, and was serving as Sheriff at the t ime the Constitution o f 1850 becam e operative. and the offi ce of Justice of th e Peace was made ele'c ti ve. It is said he sued th e cou nty for the salary wbich would have acc r ued, had his term reached its usua l e nd; but it is ha rdly supposable the sovereig n power of a popular convention cou ld Dot c ut short any office . After SOUle change in his politics, he was defeated as a candidate, and at a Fourth of July dinner occurring shor tly after, the circ um stance gave ri se to the foll owing toas t : "Dr. Charles Cocke, of Albem a rle , a dead cock in the pit, killed in wheeling." I-li s wife was Sarah Ta ylor . and he had one daughter, Charlotte. who became the wife of \Vill iam Gordon, of Nelson.

The distinguished and eccentri c General John H . Cocke, of Fluvanna, though never a citize n of this county, was yet much interested in its affairs through his connection with the University. He was prominent among those who labored for its estab li sh ment, and was one of its first Board of Visitors He was an earnest promoter of the cause of Tempe rance , and in his efforts to this e nd, especially to guard the students fro m temptations to inebriety, he purc hased nearly fi fty acres of land 011 the s onth side of the University Street. ext euding from the corner near the Dry Bridge to the Jun ction Depot, and bui lt a large hotel in which no l iq uor was to be allowed, and which he nam ed the Delavan, from his eminent friend and coadjutor in the cause, of Albany, N. Y. The hotel had a wall in front, flanked with heavy piliars, and covered with s tucco stained with the tawny hue of the Albemarl e clay; and from this peculiarity it acquired the popular soubriquet of Mudwall. The hotel has long since gone, but it s si te is occupied by the Delavan Colored Church; and to this day there is a s truggle for th e pre -e minency between the names of Delavan and Mudwall. The public-spirited scheme

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of th e good Gener al was p remature; like many other well la id plans of mi ce a n d men, it went agley.

Another perso n of the sa m e name, prominent in the Green wood n eig hborhood , was J oh u S. CocKe. He was settled in th at section as early as 1824. I n1827 be bought from Elijah May the tavern which had been well known from the beginning of th e century under the conduct of Colonel Charles Yancey and May, but which under Cocke's management became s till more widely celebrated for its admirable fare among the throngs journeying to the Virginia Springs. As in the case of many noted hostelries in the county, the adve nt of the railroads destroyed his business. He was a magistrate under the old system, and was active in public affairs.

Pecuniary troub les overtook him in his old age, a nd his last days were spent in Charlottesville, where he died in 1879. )

COLE.

"I

In 1778 William Cole, a citizen of Charles City County, purchased from Jo hn J ones upwards of a thousand acres in North Garden, just north of Tom 's Mountain. Hi s wi fe was Susanna Watson, a sister it is be lieved of \VilIiam Watson, who settled in North Garden in 1762. Hi sc hildren were William, John, J\Iary, the wife of Thomas Woolfolk, Nancy, the wife of Edmund Anderson, Sarah, Susan, the wife of Jasper Andtrson. Richard, Josepb and Elizabeth, th e wi fe of Jose ph 1-1. Irvin. The most of the sons ne ver lived in the county, their father leaving them portions of his la rge estate below Richmond. He devised to J oseph his Albemarle land, on which he, his mother and sisters appear to have had th eir dwelling. The fat h er died in 1802, Joseph in 1812, and his mother in 1814. In 1815 the la nd was sold , part to Norborne K. Thomas & Co., of Richmond, and part to Stephen :\1oore; a considerab le portion of it subsequently came into the possession of Atwell and Philip Edge.

For m a ny years after the estate had passed into th e hands of strangers, :'1iss Sarah Cole, whose residence was in Rich mond, was accustomed to pay annual visits to th e old home, where the remains of many of he r kind red lay buried.

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HISTORY OF ALIHiMARLE CO LI~S.

The main body of the laud on which the Coles family resided, wa s granted to Franc is Eppes in 1730, who rece ived a patent for six thousa nd , five hundred acres. He devised it to his sons Richard and \Villiam. They sold three thousand acres to John Coles . but th ei r deed was never admi tted to record, because proved by only two witnesses. In 1777 Franci s Eppes, son of Richard , with his ",ife Elizabeth, made a conveya nce of the tract to Mr. Coles, and acknowledged it before Thoma s J effer son and George Gilmer as magi st rates.

Johu Coles' father, John , came totbis country fro m Ennisearth y , Ireland , andestablisbed him se lf in Hanover County, Virg inia, where he married Mary \VinstoD. His children were \Valter, Sarah, '\'!ary, the wife of John Payne, and mother of Dorothy , President Madi son's wife, John, and I saac, who lived in Halifax County, and was a member of Congress from that di s trict. John sett led in Albe marl e all the land above ment ioned. He married Rebecc a E. Tu cker , who first drew the breath of life in the hi s toric city of Jamestown.

Hi s c h ildre n were \Valte r , John, Isaac, Tucker, Edward.

Rebecca, the wife of R ic hard Singlelo n , of South Carolina, :ro.'lary Eliza, the wife of Robert Carter, Sarah, the wife of Andrew Stevenso n, Elizabeth , and Emily, the wife of J o hn Rutherford, of Ric hmond. John Coles died in 1808, and bis wife ill 1826.

Walter wa s a magi s trate of the county, but soon res igned.

His h o me was at \Voodville, the present residence of Charles Shaw, where he died in 18 54, at the age of eighty-two. He marri ed first Eliza, daughter of Bowler Cocke. of Turkey I s land, and seco ndly S arab, daughter of John Swa nu, of Powhatan. Hi s children were \Valter . who succeeded his fath er at \Voodville, w ho married Ann E. Carter, and who wa s the father of Dr. \Valler, of St. Louis, and of Sarah and Eli zabeth, s till residing near the old home , and Edward, who was give n a farm about five miles south of Charlottesville, whi ch h is father bought frolll \Villiam T . H enderson in 1806, who married L et itia, daughter of Rezin \Vheat, and who died ill 1883 .

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173

John married Selina Skipwith, of )'1ecklenburg. His horne was Estouteville, where he died in 1848. H e left lhree sons, John, w ho lived. near Warren, Peyton, who married his cousin I saetta , a n d s ucceeded his father at Estouteville, wh ere he died in 1887, and Tucker, wh0 5e present residence is Viewmont.

Isaac A. was a member of the Albemarle bar, for a time President J efferson's private secretary, and a member of the Hou se of Delegates. He lived at Enniscorthy, married Mrs. Julia Stricker Rankin, widow of Hon. Christopher Rankin , of Louisiana, and had two children, Isaetta and Stricker. He died in 1841, and his wife in 1876 . Tucker also represented the county in the House of Delegates. He married Helen Skipwith, of Mecklenburg, and died without children at Tallwood in 1861.

Edward, the youngest son of John Coles, was the private secretary of President Madison , sold the plantation on Rockfish River left bim by his fatber , and in 1818 removed to Illinois, carrying with him all his slaves, giving them their freedom, and se ttling them by families on farms near Edwardsville. He was appointed by Mr . Monroe first Governor of the Territory of Ill inois, was elected its second Governor when it became a State. and having made an earnest and successful struggle agai n st a party seeki ng to make it a slave State. h e removed to Philadelphia in 1832. H e there married Sarah L. Roberts, and died in 1868. H e had three children, one of whom, Roberts, came to Virginia, lived on the old Clarkson farm on the south fork of H a rdware. was a Capt ain in the Confederat e army , and fell on Roanoke I sland in 1862. His remain s were brought for interment to the Coles cemetery at Enniscorthy.

CRAVEN.

The parents of John H. Craven belonged to Bucks County, Pennsylvania. HE" himself came to Albemarle from Loudoun County in 1800; in that year he became a re nter from Mr. J efferson of the land that now comprises the farm of Tuft:on . The lease was evide ntly drawn by Mr. J effer son in the clear and exact langua ge with which he

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HISTORY OF ALBl!MARLE

usually wrote, mentioning the fields each by its own name, and the order of their crops, and providing for the payment of the rent in gold and silver , and the continuance of the ratio between them at that time existing) even thougb it might be changed by law during the term of tbe lease. Before its expi r ation-it was to run for five years-Craven began to purcbase land from I sa ac ;\,1 iller â&#x20AC;˘ and fro III Tucker and Samuel H . \VOOd S Oll, till he was the owner of more than si x hundred acres ly ing north and llorthwes t of Charlottesville. In 1819 be bought from Richard Sampson, Pen P a rk, then containing fonT hundred acres, and two years lat e r from the same p er soll nearly five hundred acres on the east side of the Rivanna; so that his pos ses sions extended frolU the top of Rich Mountain to Meadow Creek, opposite the present residence of H . C. Michie . . H e owned the mill now known as Cochran's, but then ca lled th~ Park Mills . H e was co n sidered on e of the be s t farmers of the county. After the death of his first wife Elizabeth, he married Mary , widow of JUIi'...lS Clarkson, and daughter of J ess e L e wis. His children were John D., who marri~d Jan e \Vill s, George W. , who married Susa n , daughter of Alexander S t. C. H eiske ll , William, who married Elle n Craven, hi s cOllsin, removed to Illino is, and died in J acksonville in that State in 1868, Eli zabe th, th e wife of Stapleton C. Sneed, Amanda, the wife of Malcolm F. Crawford, and Sarah, the wife of Robert \V. L ewis. All these were the pare nts of large fam ilie s , and their descend ants have for the most part emigrated to other sections of the country. The old borne of John D. Craven on Rose Hi ll , still occupied by his remaining children, is the on ly portion of tbe great estate now belonging to the name. John H. Craven died in 1845.

D .t\BNEV.

y

In 1759 J ohn Dabney, of Hanover, bought from Joe l Ter re ll aud David Lewis four hundred acres, and from J oe l T erre ll four hundred more, whi ch included the p rese n t Bird wood plantation, and the oldest tavern pe r haps in aIt the section, ca ll ed at the time 'ferrell's Ordinary . . I n 1764 \Vi lliam Dabney, a brOlher, purchased from Archibald Woods

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four h undred acres on Mechum's River, above the Depot of t hat name. John soon returned to Hanover. \V illiam sold h is place in 1768 to \Villiam Sheltou, and John having died in the meantime, hi s trus tees sold his land in 1773, six hun dred acres of it to James Kerr, and the remainder to Robert And erson.

In 1803 "Yilliam S. Dahlley came to the cou nty , and bought from Wilson C. Nicholas ne:uly nine hundred acres on the head waters of Ballenger's and Green Creeks, now in the possession of Edward Coles. He died in 18 13. Hi s wife wa s Sa rah \Vatson, of Green Spring, Louisa, and his children were Maria, the wife of Colon el Samue l Can , James, \Valter. \Villiam S., M.ay Senora. the wife of Benjamin M. Perkin s . and Louisa, the wife of William 1\'1. Woods . Walter removed to Arkansas. \Villiam S. succeeded his father in the possession of the farm. He wa s a man of decided effic iency and success, both in his private business and in matters of pu blic concern. H e was appointed a magistrate in 1835, and entrusted with many affairs of importance by his brethren of the county bench. H is taste was relied on as well as his judgmellt. III 1856 when improvements to the courthou se were contemplated, a plan reported by him was adopted, according to which the present enclosure and pave ments of the Square were made . In 1846 he purchased Dunlora, Colonel Samuel Carr's old place, whither he removed , and where he died in 1865. He married Susan Gordoll.â&#x20AC;˘ and his family bad the unusua l distinction of having two sons occupy leading profe ssorships in the University of Vi rginia, Will iam C. in the Medical Faculty and \Valter in that of Law. Mildred, daugbter of Samuel Dabney and hi s wife Jane Meriwet her, of Hanover, was the wife of Dr. Reuben Lewi s, broth er of t he ce leb rated explorer. She died at her home near I vy Depot in 1851.

DAVIS.

I saac Dav is in 1769 bought from the \Vebb family, of Ne w Kent County, eight hun dred acres on the north fork of the Rivanna, near \Vebb's Mountain . His de~d for this land

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was witnessed by the great orator , Patri ck Henry, ann was probably drawn by him. He was one of t he ea rl y ma gis trates of the county. Dr. George Gilmer in a letter to Mr. Jefferson at the out b reak of the Revolution, refers to bim; mentioning h is leading the Albemarle company to 'Villiamsburg, he spea ks of old I saac D avis marchi ng at the head of the troop, as an indication of the determined and zea lous spirit that animated the people. Many years were allotted the old patriot after the close of the war, bis death not occu r ring tilllS05. His children were \Villiam, E l izabeth, ' the wife of Richard Durrett, I saac, who married Harri et, daughter of Garland Gart h, and Robert.

John A. G. Davis carne to A lbe marle from Middlesex, and engaged in the practice of law. In 1828 he was associated with Thomas W. Gilmer in the publication of t he Vi rginia Advocal..e. In 1830 he was chosen to occ upy the professors h ip of Law in the University of Virginia, as the successor o f J ohn T. Lomax. His death took pla ce in 1840.

He married Mary Jane, daughter of Richard T erre ll and hi s wife Martha, who wa s t h e daughter of Dabney Carr and Martha, sister of Mr. J efferson. H is c h ild re n were Eugene, Dr. J ohn Staige, Rev. Dabney C. T. , Rev. Richard T. , and Caryetta, wife of Robert C. Sau nders.

DAWSON.

The name of Dawson has place in the records fro m the beginning of the county. At the 6rst meeting of the County Court , Martin Dawson was ~ppointed to appraise the estate of Charles Blaney in the vicinity of the Cove. In 1747 he patented three hundred acres on Buck I sland, whic h h e sold in 1761 to John Burrus. He lived on Ballenger's Creek, and was no doubt the father of Rev. Martin Dawson, one of the earliest Baptist preachers of Albemarle.

The so n com路 me need preaching during the Revolutionary War, and as soon as the statute of religious freedom was pa ssed, giving to non-Episcopal minister s a license t o sole mni ze the rite of marriage, he was greatly in demand in this respect as well as in th e pUlpit. H e supplied th e Baptist churches through-

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out t he county, but his labors were chiefly given to the T otier Church, which was commonly called by his name.

I-l is home was ou a farm of more than five hundred acres , whi ch lay southeast of Hugbes 's Sbop, and there he finished h is earthly course in 1821. Hi s wife's name was Elizabeth, and of his twelve children, Martin, the eldest, removed to Gallia County, Ohio, John in 1812 to Mississippi Territory, and Elijah, who married Martha, daughter of Benajah Gentry, to Missouri. Another son, Allen, married Lucy, daughter of Cbr istopher Wingfield, and was for a number of years a citize n of Charlottesville, a magist rate. clerk of the town trustees, and deput y Suveyor of the couuty. He also taught scbool, fir st on his farm four or five miles south of town, a nd afterwards at hi s bouse on Main Street near east Third , which from his institution, and the F ema le Seminary, being located thereon, received its former name of School Street.

Notwithstanding his multifariou s occupations, he was unsuccessful. Accumulated debts const rained the sa le of his property piece by piece, till all was gone. A daug hter of Rev. Martin, Ellzabeth, was the wife of Reuben Elsom, who lived in the southern part of the county.

As early as 17j7, John Dawson, whose wife was Sarah Carroll, was living on the waters of Carroll Creek. Did he remove to Amherst, now Nelson, and was he the father of Martin, th e well known merchant of ~Iilton? Certain it is, that Martin's father was named John , that his place wa s in Nelson, not far from Faber's Mills, and that he was the brother of Rev . .\Iartin's father. Mart in was one of nine children. He established himself in Milton short ly after it was founded, at first apparently connected with Brown, Rives & Co.; and he continued to be associated with the village, until its business wa s wholly absorbed by Charlottesville and Scottsville. By hi s diligence, thrift and good judgment, he amassed a considerab le fortune. About 1822 he pllrchased Betlair on the north side of H ardware below Carter's Bridge, which had before belonged to Cbarles \Vingfield Jr., and t here be made his residence until his death in 183j. He - 12

,

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left a will so elaborately indited, that it was twice taken before the Court of A ppeals for con s truc tion. In his desi re t o promote popu lar education, be directed that an academy should be est ablished at eac h of the three places. Milto n , Bellair, and his father's old homestead in N elson; that s u it ¡ able bui ldings should be erected both for teachers and scholars; and that their advantages s h oul d be as si gned in the first place to the boys of A lbemarle and Nel son Having a premonition that these provisions might be adjudge d invalid, be directed that in case t hey were set aside, bis property at the places mentioned shou ld be sold, the pro¡ c ~ eds transferred to th e Literary Fund of the State, and the interest devoted to the cause of education in the two counties spe cified. T he latter beques t was approved by the judg ment of the Court. H e also prescribed the enclosing of te n acres at the old hom estead in Nelson as a family burial place , where he enjoined hi s own remai ns to b~ interred. Besides h is private bu siness, be was m uch employed in that of the county . He was appoi n ted a magistrate in 1806, and freqnent lyoccu pied a seat on the bench of the Cou nty Court.

He never married.

A brother, Pleasant Dawson, was the ow ner of nea rly fifteen hundred acres on t he lowe r H a rdware.

H e was engaged in milling- operations, in the prosec u tion of whic h he was involved in a long litigation wit h L itt lebury Moo n.

He died nn ma rried in 1826. A s iste r , Nancy, was t he wife of Rev. Hugh White, a Baptist minister, who was fo r a time a lot holde r both in Cha rlottesville a nd Milton.

Anothe r brother was J ohn S. Dawson, the fa the r of seve n children, some of whose representatives are at presen t res i den t s of the counly. H is so n , Benjamin, married Dorot h y Cbi ldress, and of their chi ldren Benjamin H. l ives at t he western foot of 8till Honse Mountain, a nd Andrew, and Agnes, the wife of Peter T urner , abo llt two m iles so uth o f Porter's Precin ct . Another ~on of J ohn 8 , was P leasa nt L .â&#x20AC;˘ whose daughter J :lUe , the wife of Dr. I saac F . F 'Jrbes , recenlly died ill C harlottesville , at th e house of her so u- inlaw, H a rrison Robertson, and whose son, Joh n L . , sti li

H I STORY O F ALB E MA R LE

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lives on tbe lower H ard wa r e, wbere he has long and use . full y di s cha rged the office of J ust ice of the P eace . P leasa nt ' s wi dow . )'hha ia , s urvives in the en joyment of a g reen old age, a u d form s a li n k bet ween this and form e r generations.

DEDMAN .

S a m uel Ded man came t o A ibe lll a rie fro m Louisa in 1768.

H e s ettled in the Ra gged M oun tains, a bout a mi le be low t he Res ervoir , whe re he purcha sed two hund red acres fr o m \Villiam T. L e wi s . H e di ed in 1800. H e and hi s wife Mary had a la r ge fam ily, J o hn , S a muel , Ric hm o nd, Ba rt · let t , Nathan , who m a rried El izabeth , da ughte r of \V ill iam Gooch, a nd from wh om are desce nded Rev . Neande r Woods , of Memph is, and R ev . \Vill iam H . \ Voods, of Balt imore, Di xon , Sarah, the second w ife of J ohn Everett , S u san , Na nc y, the wi fe o f Mose s Cl ac k , an d Ma ry, t be w ife of John S imm s.

1'hey all eventua ll y e mig r a ted to the \Vest, s ome to south· we s t Virgi n ia , and othe r s to Kentucky . Bart lett li ved for a few ye ars in C harlott esvill e . H e b u ilt a d we ll ing o n a lot h e purcha sed fr om John Nichola s at th e foot of Fourth St reet ea st . wh ich h e sol d in 1801 to Will iam \V alle r H en in g.

D ix o n w as the last to r e main in the county. H e succeeded to the prope rty below t he Rese rvoir. HI: w as tw ice m a rried . fir st to Sarah, daugh te r o f J o hn Bu s te r, and secon d ly to Sa rah Dra m belle r . H e finall y s old ou t a b o ut 1828 , a nd went W est .

D I C KERSO N .

J ohn D icke rs on wa s settled in the n orth part of th e cou n t y , whi le ye t it be longed to Loui sa . H e lived on th e n orth for k of the Rivanna , not far fr om P iney Mounta in . H e d ied in 1788. H e and his wife Mary had t hree son s, J o hn , W ill ia m and Th oma s . Thom as d ied in 1807. His w ife's na me w as Mildred . a n d hi s c hild re n we re Fra nces, th e w ife of Rev. Joh n Good m a n , t he w ife o f \V ill ia m T h urman , th e w ife o f Joh n Crosst hwait, T hom as, \Viley, wb o marri ed Nancy, da u gh ter of Rev. J acob \Vatts , Gri ffi th a nd Lu cy. Anot he r W iley , son o f one of the oth e r brot her s , ma rri ed in 1789 M ary, d augh ter of J ohn Carr . H e d ied in 1847 . Hi s c h il o

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dren were William , \Villis , Malinda, the wi fe of George W. T llfpiu , Marth a, the wife o f Ri ch a r d S imm s Brockman, the wi fe of B. C . J obnso n, Mary, the wife of Elisha T hurman, and S a rah , the wife of A rc h ibal d Duke . â&#x20AC;˘

DOLLIN S .

The fami ly of D ollins ha s bee n esta bli s hed in the couuty from early times. The fir s t of the name was Richard , who in 1761 boug ht land on the hea d wate r s of Mechum ' s River and a few ye ar s la te r purc ha sed from the Stockton fam ily au V irg in S pri ng Bra uch. H e died in 1774. H is wife' s name w as E lizabe th, a n d hi s ch ildren were Ann , Presley , J ohn and \Vill ia m . J oh n d ied in 17 87. H e and hi s w ife El iz a beth had s ix chi ldre n , one of whom wa s Johu. wh o d ied in 1823, leav~ iu g fi ve SO ll S and one d a u g hte r , John , Tyree, Ri c h ard , Jerem iah, ' V ill ia m , and S usa n, who wa s the w ife of a Pols on.

Of th is famil y, J ere miah married a d ang hter of N ic h ola s Me r r itt , and d ied in 1856. His child re n were Tyree , Martha . the w ife of \Villi a m Lupto n , John , Nichola s, Mary Ann , the wife of a R ogers, and Sa rah, the wife o f a Babe r. So me of the earliest nurser ies ill the county we re planted by m e m ber s of th is fa mil y, an d on th is account the name is well known in con necti o n w ith th e c ultiv atio n of fruit.

I

DO UGL ASS.

A fa m ily o f Douglas s w as living in the Cove neighborhood as ear ly a s 17 5 1, two of wh ich we re J ames a nd G eor ge, p r obably broth e r s. They we re among the 6rst m e mbers o f the Cove P resbyter ia n Churc h . G eorge died ill 1785 .

Th ree b rother s na med Doug lass res ided i n t he n orth part o f the cou nt y ill 1761, Cha rles , T homa~ and J oh n . Thei r fa rm s we re s it uated on the Bar boursv ill e Road near the O ran ge li ne. C ha r les married a dau g h ter of Robert and Mo urn ing A d a m s, a nd die4 in 1823. His child re n we re Rober t a n d Cha rles, to wh om he ga ve land s he owned in K e ntucky , a nd who re mo ved to that S tate, Ann , t h e wife o f J oseph T imberlake. Jud it h , the wi fe of J o h n Dicke rson, a n d Sa r a h .

Thoma s died in 1830, leaving fo ur c h ildre n , J a m es , A c hill es .

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H IS'rO RY OF AL BEMARLE

18 1

Nancy and John. Achilles was appointed a magistrate in 1796, and acted a prominent part in the affairs of the county.

H e served as Sheri ff in 1S23. H e m arried Nancy , daughter of Ja son Bowcock , and died in I SH. H is home th~ latter part of his l ife was a u the n ort h fork of Prid dy's Creek, near .the present station of Burnley':;. J o hn Douglass Jr. , married Mildred Bowcock , a sister of Achilles's wife.

D OWEL L .

John Dowell wa s one of the pion eers who broke the virg-in soil of the cOllnty. He obtained a patent for four hundred acres on Priddy 's Creek in 1738, and up to 17 59 had received grants of more t han a thousa nd acres in th<l.t sect ion. H e died, it is believed , sometime dur ing the Revolutionary \Var. He left at least (our so ns, John , wh o died in 17 94, \Villiam, who died in 17 95, Ambrose, and Thomas , who died in I SIS. All had large fami l ies, and from the m are descen ded those who sti ll bear the name in tbe county, besides others who removed to differe nt parts o f the W es t.

DUKE.

Jam es Duke, of Henri co, was tb e owner of two bundred acres on Beave r Creek, in which he probably became inte r ested through bis kinsman J a m es Burnley, both of whom were descended from the Englishman, J o hn Burnl ey, before referred t o . H e an d h is w ife Mary disposed of this land in 1795 to George W est. Cleviers Duke, of Louisa, also descended from John Burnley, had two sons Richard and James, who were settled in Albemarle. In 1806 Richard married Mana, daughter of Thom as \Valker Jr. In 1821 he purchased from M. L. \Valker and J ohn Wren the Rivan1l3 Mills , aft erwards known as the Burnt Mills, which they and G. G. Lindsay had bought from Dabney Minor in 1819. He was appointed a magis trate in 18 19 , served as Sheriff in I B路t7, and died at Morea in lS49. His c h ildren were Wi ll iam J ., who married Emily And e rson, Lucy, who was the wife of David Wood, and with him removed to west T t!nnessee, where she was married secondly to John H . Bills , Mary J ., the wife

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

of \Villi am T. Smith, ;v[ ildred , the wife of Chri st opher Gi lmer, Sarah, the wife of H a rvey Deskins, t.lartha, M argaret, the wife of Robert Rodes, Charles and Richard T . W. R . T. \V married Elizabeth Eskridge, of Staunton, t a ught school in L ewisburg, \V. Va., was ad mitted to Albema rle bar in 1849 , fill ed the office of Comm o nwea lth 's Attorney three tim es, represented the county in the Hou se of Delegates, was a member of Congress, was Colone l of the Forty-S ixth Virg inia in the ci v il war , and died in 1898, James, the brother of Richard, was ass oci ated with him in th e manageme nt of the R iva nna Mills . In 1832 he purchased from James .McC ulloch the brick mill alld store located at M illington . Sub seque ntly he es tablished a mill o n Rock y Creek . where he spent his remaining days. H e was appointed to the county be nch in 1838 , a n d departed t h is life in 1844. H is wife was Miss Biggers , of Lou isa, a n d h is chi ldren were Richa rd, who removed t o Nelso n Co un t y , H orace, who removed to M ississippi, C harl otte, the wi fe of Dr \ViIliam G. Carr, and Lucy, t he wife o f T homas Ba ll a rd.

A daugh ter of Richard became the wife of J oh n Co le, a n d resides where her grandfathe r died. \ Alexa nder D uke, of H anove r , in 183 5 married El izab eth , daughter of Alexauder Garrett. F or some years he was co nnected with Rev. P ike Powers, and after wards with Charles Slaughter, in co nducting a h igh school at M idw ay . H e was th e fath er of Mrs . Horace Jones.

D UNKU M.

T wo brothers named Dunkum lived on th e Carter's B ridge Road sou th of Ch arl o ttesville, in the earl y part of the cent u ry, and both were e ffi c ient and prosperous farmers. Wi lli am, w ho resided nearer town at the place lately occupied by Lo rd P elham-C linto n , and now by Mr. Harbottle , b egan his p ur chase of la nd in 1803, and continued it until his plant atio n _ comprised nearl y. a thou sa nd acres. I n 1837 he conveyed to L ewi s T eet. R obe rt Gentry and J eremiah A . Good man t h e lan d on which stood the Piney Grove Bapt is t Church. He died in 1846. Hi s wife was Frances Gentry, and his chi l-

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183

SO }1-h. L

dren were Mary Anll, the wife of Lewi s Sowe ll , \Villiam L. , Chesley, J a mes T., Frances, the wife of J esse L. Fry, Elizabeth, the wife of Philip Edge, Martha, the wife of J ohn H. Barksdale, Susall, the wife of J . Ralls Abell, and Elijah , who married E lizabeth, daugbter of Benjamin Fick lin , and bui lt t he large brick house on Ridge Street long occ up ied by the la te Dr. R. B. Di ce.

J ohn Dunkum lived about a mil e south of his brothe r , where he settled in 1807. Hi s land s were in extent but little s hort of those of 'William . H e died III 1855. H e married Eliza beth, daughte r of )'1arshall Durrett, and his childre n were J ames, Martha. the wife of \Villiam P itts, )'Iary, the wife of Cheste r B ullard, Elizabeth, J ane, and Sarah Ann, the first wi fe of Philip Edge.

DURRETT.

The nam e of Durrett was connected with the territory of Albemarle. while it was yeta part of Hanover. I n 1737 Bar tholomew Durrett patented ne~r l y three hundred acres on Pri ddy's Creek, and the next year Richard patented t hree hun d red in the same sect ion. A genealogical chart of the T errell s in the possession of Gen. W. H . H . T errell, of Indiana pol is, states t hat Abigail, daugh t er of H enry T errell and Ann Chiles, of Caroline, was married to Colonel Durrett, of Al bemarle . If thi s refers t o Colonel Richard, s he must have been a fi rs t wife. According to the records, the naUle of Richard's wife wa s Sarah. H e passed hi s days on Priddy's Creek, and died in 1784. H is ch ildren were Ric hard, Eli za!Jeth, the wife of J acob \V atts, Anu, th e wife of Robert Santoni. F rances, the wife of Frede rick \Villiam Wilis, Agatha, the wife of William F lint, Mildred, the wife of a \V illiams, the wife of Stephen K. Smith, and the wife of a Burrus.

Richard the younger, J ames Doug lass and others boug ht parts of a large tract of land on Priddy's Creek, whi ch had belonged to Roger Dixon. Dixon in 1766 had encumbered it with a deed of trust for the benefit of James H arford . a n En g li sh merchant; and when the purthasers bougbt. they perhaps regarded themselves safe under the act s of the Legislature barring the debts of Britis h creditors. But Harford

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HISTORY O F A L BE}IARLE

brought suit against the claimants in the United States Co urt . and about 1809 recove red judgmen t, so that they were ob li ged to pay again for their sha res. Durrett 's s h are amounted to five hundred a nd fi fty acres. I n 177 2 h e b eg"an purchasing the tract adjoining Earlysville, on whi ch be resided the remain der of hi s life. He died in 1820. Hi s wife was Eli zabeth , daughter of I saac Davis, and his chi ldren J o h n D., I saac W., Thomas , Da v is, R obert D., Mildred , the wife of J ames Simms, S u sa n, the wife of Thoma s Ga rth , E lizabeth, the wife of James Watts, Sarah, the wife of John Early, and Frances, the wife of Archibald Buckner. J ohl1 路:D. m ar r ied Frances Davi s , and h is chi ldren were Matilda, th e w ife of \Vill iam Catt er ton, Thoma s, who married Emi ly \Vood, Frances , Elizabeth, the wife of Daniel P. Key, Sarah, I s aac , and Richard \V., who married Lu cy Twym an. T homas married Frances Simms, and hi s s on Thomas m a rr ied 1o.'1ary, daughter of James Early, and was the fathe r of Dr . James T., and Frank. Robert D . married Eli zabe th Price.

Two brothers of th is name bec ame residents of the Batesville d is trict the latter pa rt of th e las t century. They came from Caroline, ami w er e no doubt of th e same stock with those just mentioned, thou g h it see ms impossi ble now to trace the relat ionshi p. Marsha ll Durrett i n 17 83 purcha sed from Robert T erre ll nearly four hundred acres on t he head waters of Mech uru 's River, wher e he wa s living at the time; and as the la nd h e bought was part of that e ntered by H e nry Terrell, of Caroline, the Abigail Terrell already alluded to may have bee n his fi rst w ife. In 1803 he purchased from Robert Bolling in the Nort h Garden, w h ithe r he removed and resided until h is death in 1834-. He was appoi nted a magist rate in t796, and served a s Sheriff iu 18 19, s u cceed ing Charles \Viugfield J r ., who at the time of his death bad occupi ed th e office but a m out h. Marsha ll ' s wife was Dorothy, daughter of J ohn Digges , of Ne ls on , and hi s children Sarah, the w ife of Robert Fi eld , Richa r d, Rice , 1l'larcu s , Silas , Benjam in, Paul , Ann, the w ife of \Villiam Morr is , and afterwards of John D. Rode s, Elizabeth, the wife of John Dunkum, and John . Ma rcus s ucceeded h is father in the home in North

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HISTORY OF ALBE\IARLE

185

Garden. He was also a magistrate, one of the la st set appoi nt ed under t he old Con st itution. H e married Sara h Ann, daug-hter of H. Carter Moore, and died in 1878.

Jam es D urret t , t he b rother of Ma rsha ll, in 1799 purchased land of John Epperson, where he resided unti l his death in 1822. Hi s pl ace was the same afterw ards owned by C. \V. Purcell, of Richmond, Alton Park. H e m arried Nancy Digges , a s is t er of his brother's wi fe, and his child re n were Fra nces, the wife of Richard Ri chardson , Sarah, t he w ife of H ors ley Goodman, \Villiam , Mildred, the wife of \ViJliam Bumgardner, Elizabeth,the wife of William McClu nn, Nancy, the wife of Colston H eis k ell, who removed to Philadel phia , James, who m arri ed Susa n Goodman, J ohn, who married Mary Diggs, a nd Ri ch ard , who m a rr ied Elizabeth, daugh t er of \Villiam P iper. Many of the descendant s of these brothers removed to Kentu cky and Misso uri.

DYER .

Samuel Dyer a ppea red before the Al bema rle Circuit COltrt in October, 1835. to apply for a pensio n as a R evoluti o nar y soldier. He the n stated that he wa s horn Octohe r 8t h, 1756, and was in hi s eightieth year. H is first purchase of la nd was mad e in 17 87 from T homas Staples, cons isti ng of five hundred acres, a n d extend ing from Hud son's Creek t o Tot ier , in at! like lihood embraci n g hi s home, Plain Dealing, where he lived and died. H is s tore . a well known p lace of business in those days, wa s situated at the junctio n of the roads from Staunton a nd Ch a rlo ttesvi lle to S cott's Landing . H e wa s 50 successful in his mercantile ptltsuits, that h e soon became the owner of more than twenty -two hu ndred a cres. H e establi shed exten s ive m ill in g opera tions at Glendower. H e was mu ch employed in public b us iness, being appoi nted on account of h is integri ty and so nnd judg-ment large ly to superintend matters of general con cern in his sectio n of the connty. He fin ished hi s eart hly course in 18 40, aged eighty路 four, and h is venerable partner, whos E' name was Celia Bick ley, died the sa me year.

Their family consisted of eleve n childre n, William H.

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wh::> was appointed a Ill:!.gistrate in 1824, Ann , tbe wife of George Rollertson, Elizabeth. the wife of George ~L Payne, J oh n , Thom3s. ~Iary Jan e, the wife of George A. Nicholson , Martha, the wife of Joseph S. Watkins, Samuel, Francis B., Rohert and Sarah. During the decade of 1830 1110St of the childre n emigrated to Mis<;ouri. Francis was onc who re ma ined . For a number of years he wa s a prominent member of the Al be marle b::tr. H e built the brick hou se and office on E,lst J efferson and Seventh Streets . now occ upied hy Maj or Ilorace J ones. Obliged by business misfort une, induced perhaps by extravag:l11t l iving. to surrender this p roperty, he removed to the hou"e au Park Street , t he present residence of Drury \Vood, whe re he died in 1838 . Many now living remem be r him no; a man of ge n ia l dispositi on and great corpu le nce; yet w it h a l h e was capt a in o f a n a rt il lery co m pany (wit h J ohn E llban k as o rderly ser gea nt) w hic h drilled ann ua ll y at O ld's F orge o n t he nort h for k of l-Ia rdwa re. li e married Sa r a h \Vh ite. o f S ta nn to n , a nd was t h e fa t he r of five chi ldre n , o ne of w ho m . Celia, was t he wife of \Villiam P . Sta ples , of R ic h mond.

EA DES .

A fam ily n a m ed E ades we re am on g th e early settl e r s in the southern p art o f the cOll nty. A bra ha m Eades p a te nted la nd o n Ba lle nger 's Cree k in 175 1. In 17 58 Joseph ga ve to hi s sons, Thomas a nd J o h u, oue h u nd r ed a nd fi ft y ac res on TOlier. and the next yea r J acob so ld t h ree h un dred ac res o n Totie rto Rev . J ob n Ramsey, rec~or of St. Anne's. It is lik e ly Abraham, Joseph and J acob we re b rot hers . T he t w o la tte r disappear from the reco rds, ami t hey, o r the ir fa m ili es, probably fell in with the t ide of emigratio n t ha t bore a wa y s uc h n umbers to the West. Abraham, a so n of A hr a ha m, was for many years ill the ear ly part of the ce n t ury, e nga ged in the inspection of tobacco in the Nicho las W a re h ou se a t W a rren. lI e died in 1828. His fa m ily were J osep h , Mild red , the wife of a Shephad, Abraham, S u sa n, Charlotte , and S :lfah, the wife of Richard Cha n dler . S hepherd E ades. a son of oue o f this family, marrkd Mary , daugh te r of Be nj a-

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min Norvell, and died in 1848. He l eft a son Shepherd, and three dallg-hters, :\[ary Ann. the wife of a Starke, Char lotte, the wifeof a Tumer , and Sarah, the wife of <i. Venable.

EARLY.

The name of Early is first mentioned in the records in 1790, when Joel, executor of J eremiah Early, purchased from Charles Hammond three hundred acres on the Rivanna in the Burnt Mills neighborboon, which had formerly belonged to Walter Carr. It is probable these persons were citizens of Orang-e. In 1809 Jam es Early, certainly froUl Orange , bought eighteen hundred and ninety¡ four acres on Buck Mountain Creek from the representatives of :\bjor Henry Burke, who had been a magistrate of the cou nty, and Major in the Eighty-Eighth Regiment, and who died in 1803.

Th e children of J ames Early and his wife Elizabeth, were â&#x20AC;˘ J ohn, Jam es, Joab, William. Lucy, the wife of James Simms, Theodosia, the wife of George Stevens, and Elizabeth. the wife of Thomas Chapman.

John Early in 1822 bought from th..:: executors of Richard Durrett nearly a thousand acres lying between the Buck Mountain Road anti Jacob's RUll. From him the village of Earlysville derived its n a me, and in 1833 he gave to Thomas Lane, David Thompson and H en ry 11'!arshall the ground on which its church was built. He was twice married, first to Sarah, daughter of Ri ch a rd Dltrrett, and secondly to Mrs. Yrargaret Allen Tim berlake. H e died 1833. His children were J ames T., Isaac Davis, Susan. Elizabeth, the wife of Edward F erneyho ugh, Amanda, the wife of Joshua J ackso n.

Mildred , the wife of Richard \Vingfield, T homas. Frances, Joseph , Jeremia h A. and William. J ames, son of J ames, ma rried Sarah Carr, and among his chi ldren were John F. Early, who some twenty year~ ago opened a female Seminary in the Shackelford house on High Street, and afterwards removed to Texas, Mar,v, the wife of T bomas Durrett, and Frances, the wife of I saac Davis. and mother of Mrs. \V. R. Burnley. Joab married Elizabeth Thompson, and his children were \Villiam '1'., well remembered by many as Buck

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

Early, and James and Nathan iel , of Greene County. \Villiam, son of James, married Sarah Graves, and his chi ldre n were William L ., of l\'I adi so ll, a nd Th omas J. , who married Caroline, daughter of the elder Drury Wood. lWBANK.

Famil ies of the Eubank name h ave lived along the south fork of Hardware from the earliest times. They sprang from two brothers, George a nd Jo h n. It is believed they came from Orange County. In 1758 George bought fro m James Ireland three hundred ac res on Beaverdam, not far from the present Soapsto ne Quarries. The next year John purc hased from Matthew J ordan in the same vicinity. The year after th e organizat ion of the cou nty . 1746, a J oh n Eubank obtained a grant of nearly three hundred acres on Rocky Creek, in its n orthwest section ; it is p oss ible he wa s the same person as the one ju~t men t ioned.

J ohn died in 1789. H is wife's n ame was Hann ah , and his c hildren were J ohn, J ames, William, Nancy, Eli zabe th and Sa rah, who were both ma rried to brothers n a med For~!!e, a family that lived in the sa me nei g hborh ood, and rances , the wife of a Gilmer. George died in 1802. H e and hi s wife Mary had six chi ldren, J o hn , E li zabeth, George, Frances, the wife of her cousin, J ohn Euba nk , Nancy, the wife of David \Vatson, and Mary, the wi fe of Richard H azelrig. George a lso brou ght up two orp han chi ld ren, Ne lson and Sarah Key, whom h e committed to th e care of his da u ghte r Frances and he r husband , a nd for whose s u bseQuent welfare he made special provisio n . Hi s two sons, Joh n and George. had eacll twelve children.

The Eubanks appear to have been Quiet. industriolls farmers, fairly p ros perous in their worl dly affair s. The family particularly marked for its e nergy amI s uccess was that of James, son of John. H e married Mildred Melton, and had five sons and three da ughters. H e died in 1821. lea vi ng a considerable est ate. Two of hi s Sa ll S, John and George \V., took adva ntage of th e opening of the Staunton and Jam es River Turnpike, esta bli s hed tavern s on the road,

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.a nd for many yea rs did a large business in the entertainment of those transporting the vast amount of produce at t hat time passing between t he Valley and Scottsville. George married his cousin, Winifred Eubank, and hadeightcbildren.

He died in 1841. John married Sarah Strange, and died wit hout chi ldren in 1854. Emigration to the \Vest has taken many from the different branches of this family, so that comparatively few of the name remain now in the county.

EVERETT.

John Everett was the first of the name to appear in the county. At one time he lived on the waters ot Moore's Creek, on the place adjoining the old Lewis place, the preseDt Birdwood. This place he purchased from John Spencer in 1781, and in 1788 sold it, and removed to a farm near the Cross Roads, which he bought from Joseph Claybrook. His second home was what is still known in the neighborhood as the old Methodist Parsonage. Here he laid out a town about the beginning of the century, ca ll ed Traveller's Grove, but it ne\'er ad\路anced beyond the sale of three or four lots. \Vhen the prospe cts of the town had lost their roseate hue, the Colonel, as he was known, changed the name to Pleasant Grove, and under this designation conducted a tavern for some years. He was somewhat of a sporting character, raised fine horses, and bad a training track on his place.

H e was twice married, first to Sarah, daughter of Tarleton \Voodson, and secondly to Sarah, daughter of Samuel Dedman. In 1807 he disposed of his property, and removed to Cabell County.

Dr. Charles Everett was established in Charlottesville- as one of its physicians as early as 1804, when he purchased from Tucker M. \Voodson the part of Lot Fifty-Nine fronting on H igh Street. Two years later he bought from Reuben Burnley the two lots opposite, Seventy路 Three and Seventy-Four, where he had his office and stable; this property he sold to Dr. C harles Brown in 1814. It is probable however that before t he last date he had removed to Belmont near Keswick, which he made his s u bsequent residence during life; baving bought

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from J ohn Roger s six hundred and thirty-six acres in 1811. It wa s not t ill 1821 he beca me the owne r of the place ad joini ng on the so nt b, \vhich has since been known by the name of Everettsville; t his tra ct of four hundred ac res he purchased from Mr. J effer so n, whose father had obtained a pate nt for it in 1756. The Doctor, besides being a ctively engaged in the practice of h is pro fessio n , devoted muc h a ttentio n to t he public a ff airs of t he conllty , a nd to polit ics. H e was appointed a ma gistrate in 1807, a n d represented th e cou nty for severa l term s ill the H ouse of Delegates. H e never married, and died in 18+8, by hi s w ill ema nci pating his servants, and devi sing his estate to h is neph ew, Dr. Charles D. Everett.

Not lo ng before the w ar a p erso n named Th orn, fr o m Me rcer Connty, Pe n nsylvania, presented to the C irc uit Court a cerlificate of his appointment as Guardian of some of the Doc tor's old servants, and applied for the lega ci es he h ad lef t for thei r benefit.

FA G G.

J ohn F agg was a Revolut ionary sol dier, and in the early years of the century was a tavern k ee p er in Charlottesville.

In 1818 he bought from \Villiam Garth a part of the old Barrac k s place, whi c h be called Barrack Grove, and whi c h is n ow the res idence of Mrs . Garland A. Garth. There he lived until his death in 1829 , at the advanced age of ninetytwo years.

A son William married Nancy, daughter of John Alphin and removed t o Blount County, T e nnessee. F r om that place he sold in 1834 hi s wife's share of he r fath e r ' s estate to Jesse L ewis. J ohn, another SOI1, married Eli zabeth , daughter of Jacob Oglesby, and wa s associated with his lather路in-lawas Ins pec tor in H e nders on 's and Randolph's Tobacco Ware houses . H e afte rwards conducted a st ore in Milton, as late as 1834. It is related of him, t h at in the fall of 1833 , when the memorable stor m of star- falling occ urred, he was witb a numbe r of others bey ond the Valley on a hunting e xpedi tion. \Vbile the me teoric phenomenon was in progress, som e o f the se rvants, who ha J ri se n early in discharge of their d ut ies . rus hed terror -st r icken into tLe camp to arouse

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191

the s leeping hunters. All s t arted at once to oh serve the scene, some with the in terest of curiosi t y , others in mortal drea d that tbe day of judgment had come-a ll except F agg.

H e clung to his blank ets, in voluntari ly, it was bel ieved, beca use of too abund an t potations the night before; an d whe n appe aled to b y the cries a nd vivid descr iptions of his friend s, heexc1aimed, "Oh boys, th a t' s n ot hing. \Vhy, I see t hat eve ry morning when I ' m at home; the fact is, you might see it too, if you weren 't too lazy to get up. " In 1836 he sold Ba rrack Grove to Garland Garth, and probably wen t t o join his relatives in the South \Vest.

I~ ARISH.

W illiam P. Farish ca me to Al be marle from Ca roline a bout 1820. He is mentioned in 1823 as a manager for Charles L. Bankhead. In subsequent years he wa s engaged in superi n 路 tending the affa irs of J ohn N. C. Stockton. In 1834 he purchased from John :M . Perry six hundred ac res on the so uth fork of the Rivanua below Hydraulic M ills, and the same year sold t o \V illiam H . Mer iwether th e tract on which Meriwether erected the Ri o )'路l ill s . He bought in 183 7 from Ira Garrett the plantation south of-C ha rlottesvi lle , now in the po ssession of Rev . J. T . R a ndolph , on which he subsequently resided until his death. After the demise of 1\1r. Sto~kton in 1837, he was appointed the administ rator of hi s es t ate , and in the years following sold off h is large possessio ns , except Carrsb rook, which was rese rved for hi s family. He also had the direction of the Stage lines which Stockton con troll ed, I n 18-1-5 the finn of Farish & Co. was form ed, by wh ic h the Stage property was bought 2. nci managed for many years.

The firm consisted of \V. P . Farish, Dr. O. B. Brown , of Washington City, Slau gh ter \V. Fi ckl in and Joh n S. Cocke.

About this time Mr. Farish entered the m inistry of the Ba ptist Church. He died in 1869. His wife was Mellicent Laughlin, and his children Thomas L., and Ann, the wife of R ev. J. T . Randolph.

Stephen M. Farish was a brother of \Villiam P. , and probably came to the county before h im . He wa s fo r a t ime a

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HISTORV OF

ALBE~IARLR

residpnt of :'dilton, and afte rwa rds l ived in the vicinity of E a rlysville. He was twice marr ied, and his c h ildren were S usan , Andrew J. and William.

In 1823 Haze lwood F a r ish so ld to Th omas Poindexter Jr . , the stock and equ ipme nt of a Stage line running througb Charlottes vill e.

FA RRAR.

John F a rrar lived in the southwest part of the co unty , and )... died in 17 69. Hi s c h ild ren we re P e rrin, C a tha r ine Jopl i;ig,' t: Sarah Spen~r, \Villiam, Peter, 1'bomas, Elizabeth a nd RiCh-'~ :lrd. P e rrin, \Vill ia m, Peter and Ri chard were all owner s ot ..~ land on Green and I vy Cree ks, branches of the lower Rock- .... .râ&#x20AC;˘ fi s h. P e rr in died about 17 93 . lea vi ng eight c h ildre n who re- ...., m oved to Amherst.

Ri chard married Susan Shelton, of Loui sa, a nd died in 1807. H e w as a rul ing elder in the Cove Church. His c h ildren we re Joseph, L andon, J oh n S., Luci nd a, the wife o f Samuel L. \Vbarton , Elizabeth . the wife of G eorge Wb 3.rto n, both of whom emigra ted to Davidson County , T en nessee, a nd Sophia, the wife of Dr . Samuel L ea ke, and mother of H a n.

Shelton F. L eake. John S. was appointed Colonel of the Forty-Seventh R egi m e nt in 1815. H e di ed in 1832, and left nine c h ildre n . R icha rd L ., Matthe w G ., Eli zab eth , Martha, Marcellu s, Sarah, th e w ife of Al ex ander K . Yancey, Soph ia, tb~ wife of George \V. P iper , Lavini a and Susan.

F I C KLIN.

Be njamin F icklin became a cit izen of Al be m arle about 18 14, a nd is descr ibed in one place as being from Frederi ck County, a n d in another fro m Culpe p er. Eithl:!r th e n , o r s hortly a fter, he e utered the Baptist min istry. He purchased in the weste rn part of the county upw a rds of thirtee n hund red acres , and his residence for twe nt y years, ca lled Pleasant Gree n, was the place ad joining Croze t on the w es t, 1l0W occ upied by Abraham Wayland. H e was appoi nted to a seat all the county benc h in 1819. In 1822 he proposed to sell his lands with the design of re m oving to Ohio or Indiana. T his pur pose h owe ver w as aba nd oned, and in 1832 he removed to

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Ch arlottesville where for a num ber of years be wa!' engaged in the man ufacture of tobacco.

H e was noted for his uprightnes s and decision of charac ter.

At the time of his remova l to Charlottesv ill e, the state of things in the town, morally and rel igi ou sly , was far fr om being unexceptiona ble. III a clandestine manner, most of the stores did more business on Sunday than on other days.

Th e negroes came in in large numbers for purposes of traffic.

Great Qu a ntiti es of liquor were sold. In the 13ter hours of th at day, th e roads lead ing from town were lined with men and wo men in all sta ges of drunkenness, some sta gge ring with d iffic ulty, others lying helplessly by the wayside. Mr .

F ic klin se t himself vigorously to remedy these evi ls. He warned the merchants th a t every violation of th e Sunday law s houl d be visited with th e highest pena lty. A similar warning was given to the negroes; and by the lively appli cat ion of the lash to those who neg-Iected it, the town and roads were soo n cleared of tran sgressors. Sabbath observa nce put on a new face. The comfor t of worshippers, and the general o rder of the community, were vastly tJromoted. So impa r ' tial wa s the ol d man in the execution of his duty, that when one of hi s own wagons, sent out to sf' ll tobacco, trespassed UpOIl the sacred hours in reachi ng home, he imposed a fine upon himse lf. I t is said, that a member of the ba r remonst rated with him on wh at he conside red h is excessive zea l, and stated by way of illustration, th at in the preparation o f hi s cases he had oft en been obliged to work all Sunday; whe re upo n 1\'l r. F ick lin at once fined bim on his own confession. Altogethe r the whole co unty was laid uuder many obligat ions to his co ura ge, efficiency, and public spirit.

H is last years were overclouded by b usiness reverses. He closed bis earth ly career during the war , in th e last days of 1864. Hi s wife's name was Eleanor, a nd his chi ldren were Slaughter \V .. Benjamin F ., who was one of the last Stage propri etors in the cou ntry, E ll en, the wife of a Brown, Susan, the w ife of J . R . Hardes ty, Elizabeth. the wife of Elijah Dunk um , and Lucy, th e first wife of Fontaine D. Brockman .

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194

H I ST ORY OF ALBEMARLE F IELD.

For many years before the end of t he la s t century, and in the early part of the present, the name of Fie ld was a familiar one in the v icinity of Batesville. The family head was Robert . who began to purcha se land in that section in 1766. From s lUall beg innings he rose gradua ll y, till he ac qll ired a cOllsiderableestate. H e died in 1824. H e was tw ice married, and rai sed a falUily of teu children, Mary, the wife of a G a rland , Eli zabeth , t he wife of John Mi ll s, Sarah, t he firs t wife of Charles Yancey, Jane, the wife of Thomas Grayson, John , Robert, Ralph, Jose ph, Susan, the wife of Ne lson Moss, and Nancy, the wife of \Villiam \Vood.

Three of the b r others married sisters, daughters of the elder Jesse Wood, J o hn being united to Sarah, Ralph to M ildred, and Joseph to Elmira. Josepb died before bis fatber, leaving two sons, 'Villiam and Joseph. H is widow afterwards beca me the wife of John Robinson. Robert led the way in elU igrating fir st to Kentucky, and subsequently to M issouri , and was ultimatel y followed by mos t of the fa mily; by all indeed bearing tbe name. J obn's home was east of Batesv ille , wbe re Mrs . \Vi ll iam H. Harris resides.

H ere he kept fo r many year s a well known public house.

In 1807 he conveyed to !vl arshall Durrett, Jam es 'Vood, Charles Massie, Jonathan Barksdale, Oliver Clevetand, Thom as Massie, H en ry Emers on, Willi a m 'Vood Sr., and Joh n Wood, son of I s aa c, ground for the old :M ount Ed Ch urch, au the south side of th e public road, a nd on the to p o f the h ill between Whitesides Creek and Captain \\Thite 's.

Hi s SOl1, bea r in g his name, wa s a dmggist in Charlottesville, doing b usiness on the public square unde r the firm of Fie ld & Goss. In 1831 the fathe r s old h is place to Isaac White, and all the family joined their ki ndred in the "Vest.

FITC H.

In 1759 \Vi ll ia m Dall ie l Fitc h bought land on t he eas t side of the South West Mountain, nea r Hammoc k 's Gap. w h e re he seems to h a ve had h is home . H e died in 1814 His family consisted of twelve children, only two of whom

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were so ns, John, who died before his father, and \Villiam D. The latter was one of the early and leading inhabita nt s of Milton. He maintained his interests there, until the place was completely shorn of its prestige and trade . \Vhile its flourishing days lasted , h e was an Ins pect or of tobacco in Henderson 's \Varehouse, and the proprietor of a public house.

About 1829 he removed to Charlott esville. and took charge of the Eagle Tavern. This property he purchased in 1833.

He continued to be engaged in its management during the remainder of hi s life.

His death occurred in 1848. He married Mary Bernard, who survived him twenty years .

This worthy couple, though without children of their own, exerci sed the kindly care of parents over many of their nieces and nephews.

FRETWELL.

The first Fretwell appearing au the reco rds was William. who in 1776 bought part of the Sumter land near Piney Mountain. It is conjectured his wife wa s a Crenshaw , as bis eldest sou bore that name. He died ill 182 2. Ris children were Crenshaw, John, Thoma s , \Villiam, Susan, believed to have been the fir s t wife of Elijah Garth, and the wife of Fendall Sebree. At the time of his death Thoma s , \Villiam and Susan had already departed this life .

Cren s haw lived on the waters of Ivy Creek , not far from Garth 's Mill. This pla ce he and hi s wife Sara h sold to Dr. Charles Brown in 1822. A protracted litigat ion in which he was concerned, in connection with the old Draffen tract of land in the same neighborhood, was finally set tled by the Court of Appea ls in 1831. As no subsequent mentioll of him is found, it is supposed he removed from the co unty.

John married Mildred, daug hter of Thom as Garth Sr. Hi s borne was on the western side of tbe Garth plantation, on the Whitehall Road. H e died ill 1837. His children were Emi ly, the wife of Mortimer Gaines, Lucy, the wi fe of Sam uel Kennerl y, Susan, \Vitliam G., Frances, Se lina and John T . William G. married Emeline, daughter of Thoma s H. Brown, and his children were J ohn T ., Susan and Lucy Elizabetb. J ohn T., son of J ohn, married Nanuie A. ,

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

and his children were \Villiam G., Susan B., and Frances.

Thomas lived between Free Union and the old Garrison Meeting House. He kept a store, which was known as Fretwell's Store, and which at the beginning of the century was the place for holding elections for Overseers of the Poor for the northwest district of the county. His wife was Agnes Burrus, and at the time of his fatber's death, she and her family were living in Kentucky. \Villiam married Jemima Brown.

He resided on the Staunton Road, above Mechum's Depot. He was deemed by his neighbors fit to be a landmark, because of his uncommon stature; in a deed of Nelson Hardin to his brother I saac . the property is descr ibed as adjoining that of the tall \VilJiarn Fretwell. He died in 1807. His chi ld ren were \Villiam C., who married first Mildred, daughter of Henry Burnley, of Loui'sa, and secondly Vienna, daughter of G. W. Kinsolving, Susan, the wife of \Villiarn Brown, Judith, the wife of Benjamin H. Brown, Nancy, the wife of Augustine Stephenson, and Hudson.

Hudson married Elizabeth, daughter of John Burnley, of Louisa, and sister of Nathaniel Bumley. His home was the large brick house on the Staunton Road, above Mec hum 's Depot, where for many years he kept a public house. He died in 1834. Hi s chi ldren were Mary, the wife of Paul Tilman, Burlington, William, Franklin, Susan, the wife of Overton Tilman, Jmena, the wife of James H. Jarman, Brightbury, and Bernard.

Alexander Fretwell was for the first quarter of the century one of the business men of \Varren. He was probably the same Alexander, who sold to I saac Hardin in 1792 five hundred acres on the Staunton Road, adjoining the William just mentioned; from this too it may be inferred, that he also was a son of the first \Villiam. He died in 1825. He seems to have been twice married, first to Ann, daughter of \Villiam Barksdale, and second ly to Jane Hughes. His child ren were James B., who died in 1868 in Sumner Connty, Tennessee, aged eighty-t hree, Richard, Nancy. and three other daughters, the wives of Robert Anderson, Matthew Martin

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197

and William Moorman. Richard married Sarah, daughter of Samuel Barksdale, and had ten children. H e lived on the east side of Dudley's Mountain, at the place rece ntly occ upied by Major Berkeley. About 1840 he removed to Lewi s County, \Vest Virginia.

FRY .

Joshua Fry was born in England, and educated at the University of Oxford. Coming to this country, be was made Professor of Mathematics in William and Mary College. He was present at the organization of Albemarle County, and was appointed one of its first mag is trates, its Lieutenant , and its Surveyor. For some years he was actively engaged in survey ing lands in this and adjacent counties, and entered a considerable number of tracts in his owu name. When the French and Indi an 'W ar broke out in 1754, and a regiment was ra ised in Virginia on that occa sion, Fry was appointed its Colonel, and 'W ashington its Lieutenant Colonel. Fry repaired to Fort Wills, now Cumberland, Md., the rendezvous, to assume the command, but shortly after died, and was there buried. The home ot Colonel Fry was the plantation just south of Carter's Bridge, which he patented in 1750, and which is now known by the name of Viewmont. There his widow lived till h e r d ea th in 177 3, and in 1786 the place was sold to Governor Edmund Randolph.

Th e wife of Colonel Fry was Mrs. Mary :Micou Hill, and his children were John , Henry , Martha, the wife of John Nicholas, Clerk of the county, \Villiam, and l\'largaret, the wife of John Scott. John married Sarah, sister of Thomas Adams, who was once the owner of Blair Park, and had three chi ldren, J oshua, \Villiam and Tabitha. He died in 1778. Joshua married Peachy, youngest daughter of Dr. Thomas Walker. He was appointed a magi strate of the county, and represented it in the House of Delegates. Towards the end of the last century he removed to Kentucky, where he taught for a time a classical academy, and was the ancestor of a numerous posterity, the Frys, Greens, Bullitts

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and Speeds, who have acted a prominent part in the affai rs of that State. Henry served as deputy Clerk of the coun ty. married Susan, daughter of Dr. Thomas \Valker, and removed to 1\:I adison Couoty near Rapidan Station, where be died in 1823 in hi s eighty¡fifth year. He bad nine chi ldren, o ne of whom, Reuben, wa s the father of Josepb L. Fry, for twenty years the Judge of the \Vheelin~ Circuit; another, Henry, married :"li1dred, daughter of Rev. Matthew Maur y, and was the father of J. Frank Fry, long a Commissioner of the Revenue of the county; and another, \\tesley, was the fat her of Captain \V. O. Fry. William, the Colonel's son, died unmarried about li60.

GANTT.

Henry Gantt, of Prince Geor~e County, Maryland. came to Albemarle in 1813. and purchased fro m Jam es Bullock, agent of Brown, R i ves & Co .â&#x20AC;˘ seven hundred a nd e ig htyfour acres, which had helonged to Robert and \Villiam Alcock, and whi ch were s ituated southwest of the Cross Roads in North Garden. H e made thi s place his residence for some years. On the fifth of December 1821, he bought a t icket of the State Lottery of Maryland, and on the t h irteenth drew a prize of forty thousand dollars . H e aft erward s returned to his old home in Mary land , and was s ucceeded on the farm in No rth Garden by his sou, Dr. J ohn \V, Gan tt , to whom he and his wife Ann formally co nveyed it in 1830.

H ere the Doctor lived and practised h is profession till 1835. when he purchased from Charles A. Scott the plantation on Jam es River. just above the month of 'rotie T. On th is place he passed the remainder of h is days. H e was appointed .a magi strate of the county iu 1830. In UI37 he and his wife Sarah conveyed the farm nea r Cros s Road s to Joseph S utherl and, in whose fami ly it has since rem ai ned. The Doctor died ill 1860 . His chi ldren were H en ry , Philip, Albert, and Mary , the wife of Z. R. Lewis .

CA RI.AND,

The first of the Garland name who sett led in A lbemarle was James. He caIne from Hanover County, where he had

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married his wife, ).iary Rice. In 1761 he bought land in the coves of the mountains southwest of the Cros s Roads. He purchased first trom James and John Coffey, and afterwards frooo Robert Nelson, till he posse ssed considerably more than a thousand acres. He al so purchased from Samuel and William Stockton upwards of four hundred acres near the head of Mechu m's River . including a m ill which the Stocktons had built. He was acting as magistrate in 17 83, when the exis ting records begin, and was appointed Sher iff in 1791. He died in 1812. Hi s chi ldren were Elizabeth, the wife of Thomas Garland, Edward. Rice, Robert, Clifton. i\'I ary, the wife of James \Voods, who in 1797 e migrated to Garrard County, Kentucky , and as nearly as the lines of descent in this fami ly can be ascertained, James and Nathanie .

Edward lived on the south side of the north fork of Hardware, near the crossing of the old Lync hburg Road. He was appointed a magistrate in 1801, and in 1808 succeeded Francis Taliaferro as Comm issioner of the Reve nue for St. Anne 's, which office he filled until h iS death in 1817. His wife was Sarah, daughter of Colonel John Old. and his c hildren Nathaniel. IVlary, the wife of Nicholas Hamne r, Fleming, James, Elizabeth, the wife of Joseph Sutherland, Sarah, the wife of Pleasant Sowell, and Maria. the wife 01 Thomas Hamner, who removed to Lewis County, \Vest Virginia.

The home of Rice was the present farm of Bloom fi eld near Ivy Depot. He was appointed a magistrate in 1791, was elected to the Legislature in 1808, and served as Sheriff in 1811. He married Elizabeth, d aughter of Samuel Hamner, and died in 1818. His children were \Villiam , Jam es , Rice, Samuel, Elizabeth, the wife of Henry \Vhite, Mary Rice, the wife of Robert H. Slaughter, Burr. Maurice and Nicholas.

William and James were the ir lather 's executors. The for¡ mer lived for a time in Charlottesville, was the cons tructor of the present Lynchburg Road, and died in 18H. Rice was a lawyer, and settled in Leakesville . N. C. Samuel became a prosperous man of business in Lync hburg.

Robert was an active practitiotler at the Albemarle bar, and

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about 1822 removed to ~elson. Clifton was appointed a magi str ate in 1806, and in 1813 contested unsuccessfully the election of Jesse W. Garth to the House of Delegates.

He died unmarried in 1815.

James, as already narrated, lost his life at the Prison Barracks in 1781. His wife was Anu, daughter of John Wingfield and Mary Hudson, and his chi ldren Hud son M _, J ames P., and Spo tswood. They all removed to Amherst. Hud¡ son was admitted to the bar, represented Amherst in the Leg islature, was a captain in the war of 1812, was an intimate friend of General Jackson, and received from him an office in Washington, which he he ld until the administration of President Tyler. H is wife was Letitia Pendleton, and he was the fath er of Judge Jam es Garland, of Lynchburg, a nd General John, of the United States Army, whose daughter was the wife of General Longstreet. Spotswood became the first Clerk of Nelso n , married a Rose. and was the father of Lan" don, late Chancellor of Vande rbilt University.

In 1778 Nathr..niel bought land from Colonel Charles Lewis in North Garden, near Taylor's Gap. He died in 1793.

His wife's name was Jane, and hi s children were Frances, the wife of John \Voodson, Nelso n , Mary, the wife of Isham Ready, Anderson, whose widow Nancy was married to Richard Bruce, and whose ch il d ren removed to L ewis County, K entucky, Elizabeth and Peter. Peter married Etizahdh, daughter of Benjamin Martin, who after her husband's decease became the wife of Daniel, son of Thomas Martin and Mary Ann White. Peter's sons were James and Goodrich.

William Garland, who was probably a brother of th e first James , marri ed Ann, daughter of Christopher Shepherd, and died compara t ive ly young in 1777. Hi s children were Fran" ces, the wife of Reuben Pendleton, Mary, James. and David S. David S. resided at New Glasgow in Amherst, and in 1807 representect t he district i u Congress. Hi s wife was Jane, â&#x20AC;˘ daughtt:r of Colonel Samue l lv[e redith and Jane Henry, sister of the renowned orator.

Another branch of the Garlands was resident in the county at a later date. About 1833 a m erca ntile firm did business

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on the public square in Charlottesville under the sty le of Binford & Garland. The G a rland of the firm was J ames , who soon after removed to Richmond. In 1835 his brot her Thomas purc hased from John R. Campbell the fine low grounds on the Rivanna, just below the m outh of Bu ck I s land.

He wa s appointed a m agis tra te of the count y in 1838. He was a man of un arniable te mper and unsavory reput atio n.

He died in 1874. The brothers came from Goochland County.

Their mother was Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Morri s, of Green Spring, Louisa , and s ister of Mrs. Dr. Frank Carr.

GARRETT.

The name of Garrett l11ust always awaken interest in Albemarle, because of its long official con nection with its affairs. \Villiam Garrett appeared on the sce ne in 1764, whe n he purchased from Francis J erdone , the sam e p er s on who bought the Farmington lands and sold them to George Divers, two thousand acres along the northern base of Tom 's Mountain, in North Gard e n. In the course of the next ten years he disposed of tbi s property to different parti es, but fa r the greater portion of it to J oh n Jones. Garrett as well as J e rdone belonged to Louisa. It is thought h e w as the grandfather of Alex ande r G a rrett. The father of Alexander was Henry, who in 18 10 re moved fr om Loui sa to K e ntucky, a nd in passing through Charl ottesvill e constituted h is son his attorney to settl e up hi s bu si ness. H e departed thi s life in his new home in 1815.

Alexander came to the county as early as 1794. In 1799 he was a deputy of Samuel Murrell , who at that t ime was Sheriff. A year or two a fte r he married Elizabeth, daug hte r of James Minor, who r esi ded on the north fo rk of the Ri vanna, near Stony Point ; and from th e mention of h is nam.e among those assign ed to work the roa ds, :"[r. Garrett ev idently lived for a time in the sa me vicinity. In 1806 he received the appo in tment of deputy Clerk un de r Jo h n Nic ho las. About that tim e his wife died, and in 1808 he married Evalina , daughter of John Bollin g, of North Garden. In 1815 he succeeded Mr. Nichola::. as County Cl erk , and in

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1819 was appointed Clerk of the Circuit Court upon tbe res ignation of Jobn Carr, who bad occupied tbat office since the Circuit Court supersederl the District Court in 1809. Both of these offices he held until 1831, when his brother Ira was made County Clerk. Besides his official d ut ies, he was assiduous and successful in many lines of business. He was a large dealer in real estate, owning at different times fine tracts of land in various neighborhoods of the county, Meadow Creek, Birdwood, North Garden, North Blenheim, Ivy Cottage and Greenwood. About 1815 his home was on the south side of University Street, and during the decade of 1820 he erected the large brick mansion at the foot of Second Street.

In 1825 he laid out and brought into market the lots on Ridge Street, and in 1828 built Midway as a botel , of which J. A. Xaupi was the first occupant. During his latter years, owing no doubt to the constant and long continued strain on his powers, be was afflicted with softening of the brain. He died in 18 60. By his first marriage he had a daughter, Elizabeth, the first wife of V. \V. Southall, and by bis second, Dr. John Bolling Garrett, Susan, the wife of Dr. Thomas Johnson, Eliza K., the wife of Alexander Duke, and Clarissa, tbe wife of Dr. Tbomas J. Pretlow.

Ira Garrett, like his brother, commenced his business life by riding Sheriff. He was a deputy under Benjamin Harris in 1815, and Robert Davis in 1817, Soon after he became deputy County Clerk under his brother, and in 1831 succeeded him as principa l. Whe n the office became elective , be was chosen both to it and the Circuit Court Clerkship, term after term, as long as the people had a voice; and even when another was appointed by military authority, it was demanded by an overwhelming public sentiment tha t the faithful old man should act as deputy. In 1818 he bought from Jonathan E , Carr the place at the east end of Main â&#x20AC;˘ Street, whi ch he made his home the rest of his life . He always had a strong inclination to rura l pursuits, and in 1836 purchased a plantation south of Charlottesville, afterwards the farm of W. P. Farish; but with him the lack of a close hand marred the kna ck of accumu lation, and the project soon

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fai led. Just before the war he bought Sunnys ide, the late reside nce of Colonel Duke, but the outbreak of hostilities in路 t erfered with his e njoym ent the r e. After the war however he in d ulged this fancy at Hobby Hill , a cottage with a few acres east o f James D . Goodman's, where he and his wife, who s hared in hi s taste for horticu lture, spent a part of every summer. He dit=d full of years in 18iO. His wife was El iza . da ug hter of John \Va t soo, :'Ind his children Dr. Henry, of Southwest Vi rginia, John Alexander, George, J ane, the wife oj Benja min Winn, Ann, the wife of T homas M. Smyt h, I saetta , the wife of K . K empe r , a n d Ellen, the wife o f - - Watkins, who emigrated to ~[ ississippi .

G :\RTH.

The first of the Garth family in Albemarle w as Thoma s, who in 17 62 bought from Sa muel T aliaferro four hundred and fifty acres on the Ind ian branch of Buck Island Creek. In 1770 he purcha sed from John L e wis , of H a lifax , nea rl y a thousa nd acres on BIue Run, not far from Barboursville.

The n ext three or four years he wa s employed by Mr. Jeffer路 son to buy the Lego estate from \Villiam and James H ic k路 man, son s of Edwin H ick man , the second Sheriff of the count y. I n 177 9 he bought another thousand acres of the Lewis estate on Ivy Creek, and co nt inued h is purchases in th at sect io n , till he owned all the land str etching from near the Staunton Roa d , opposite Jesse L ewis's place. to the forks o f Mechum's and Moor m an' s Rivers. On this tract he resided until his death. H e was appointed a magistrate in 1791, and served a s S heriff in 1807. He died in 1812.

Hi s wife, it is said. was Ju dith Long, and his chilo dren Thoma s. John . E lijah, J esse, Garland, Ann, t he wife of Richard G a ines, whose daughter Margaret was the wife of Geor ge Crank, and mother of R. G. Crank. a repre' sentat ive of the county in the L egislature twenty years ago, Sarah , the wife of Samuel Poindexter, who removed to Bed路 ford County , Susan, th e wife of I saac Dalton , who emigr ated t o Stokes County. North Carolina, and Mildred. the wife of John Fretwell.

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Thoma s succeeded his father on Che s nut Ridge. He died in 1834. He m arried S us an, daughter of Ri chard Durrett, and bi s c hildren were J esse \\linston, \V illis , William , Eli zabeth , the wife of Dr. Thomas K. Cl a rk, and motber of Cornelia, th e wife o f Drury BurDley, and of Catharine . the wife of G eorge ;\IcIntire, and Fran ces, the wife of James Mic hie .

Jesse \1.1. was deputy S heriff , wa s admitted to the bar, was for six years Commonwealth ' s Atto rney, wa s member of the Legislature . s o ld Birdwood to h is bro the r \Villiam, am'! in 18 18 removed to Alabama. His wife was Unity Dandridge. of the sam e kindred as Patrick Henry ' s second wife. \Villis lived at th e place occupi ed by the family of Legb R. \Vad dell . married a M iss Graves, and was prominent in the es tabli s hment of Mount Harmony Church. I-Ie died without childre n in 18 51. \Villiam resided at Birdwood. built the spacious brick dwelling it contains. and by hi s improvements made it one of th e princ ipal country seats of the county. He married Elizabetb . daughter of G eorge Martin and Barbara Wood s. H e di ed in 1860, lea vinJt eleven children, J. \Voods, Edgar , L e wis, G eorge, Euge ne , G eorgiana , the wife of Rol lin K irk . Gabriella, the wife of James Kirk, Susan. the wife of S m ith P. Bankhead, Eli zabeth , the wife of \Villiam S. Bankbead , Celestine . the wife of Mars hall \Valker, and secondly of J o hu S tocktou, and Ali ce , the wife of Philip Gilchri s t.

John married Ann. daughter of John Rodes. sold the land on Blue Run whic h was gi ven him by hi s fath er , and near the close of the la s t century removed to Kentucky. Elijah received from hi s father a plantation of more than five hundred acres southwest of S till Hou se Mountain , and in the early years of the ce ntury acted as de puty S heriff. He w&s twice marri ed , firs t to Susan Fretwell, and secondly to Catharine. widow of George \V'ayt. He died in 1817. His children were L ittleton , Paschal, Elizabeth . the wife of a McGarvey. and Virginia , the wife of a Cross.

Jesse lived on a plantation his father gave him , lying west of the Barracks. His w ife was Eli:r.abetb. daughter of Bezaleel Brown. and his c hildren Thomas, \Villiam T., Brigbt-

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berry, Bezaleel, Ma r y, the wife of John H. McKennie, and Sarah, the wife of \Villis C. Goodman. He died in 1836.

Garland resided on the old Barracks place, where he built the large brick mansion recent ly occupied by the late George Carr . He married Susan Crenshaw, and his chi ldren were Dr. Garland A., Burwell, Isaac, Harriet, the wife of Isaac Davis, and Hardenia, the wife of Dr. \Valler Head , who removed to Missouri. Mr. Garth was deprived of his home by business reverses, and spent his last days with one of his child ren in Nelson Connty.

GENTRY.

The different Gentry fami lies in Albemarle seem to have sprung from the same head. Nicholas Gentry died in 1779, leaving eleven children, )'Ioses , David, Nicholas, Mary Hinson, Robert. Benaiah, Nathan, Martin, Elizabeth Haggard, Jane Timberlake, and Ann Jenkins. :'I'l oses bought land in 1778 from Samuel Gay on the old Lynchburg Road north of Garland's Store. He was a ruling elder in the Cove Church.

He died in 1810. His children were C;aibarne and Nicholas, who married sisters, Jane and )Iary, daughters of Bezaleel Maxwell, Frances, the wife of Thoma s Fitzpatri ck, and Joanna. the wife of Joseph \Valters. Addison. a son of Nicholas. married Lucy, a sister of Shelton F. Leake.

Prior to 1778 David and Martin were owners of land on Doyle'S River, which they afterwards sold to Benajah Brown.

A son of one of these brothers probably wa s Richard Gentry, who in 1784 merried Jane, daughter of James Harris , and removed to Kentucky , and whose descendants held a reunion at Crab O rc hard in August 1898. And from one of them in all likelihood came George Gentry. who died in 1818, whose home was not far from Free Union, whose wife 's name was El izabeth, and whose children we re Jam es, George, William, Frances, the wife of Nathaniel Tate, Austin, Aaron, Christopber, Martha, tbe wife of John Walton, Elizabeth, th e wife of Edward Ballard, and Nancy, the wife of Edward Walton.

The chi ldren of C h ristopher and his wife Sarah, were Martha, t he wife 01 Joel Maupin, Mary, the wife of Henry Via, Fran-

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ces, the wife of Thomas Gibson, Elizabeth, the wife of James Dunn , Paschal, H e nry , af1d Dicey, the wife of Garretl White.

B ~ najah lived on Bi<;cuit Run , where he commenced to pur路 cbRse land in 1764. 10 18 17 he transferred his property to his son Robert, although his death did not occur till 1830.

Martha, the wif ~ of E lijah Dawsoll , son of Rev. :M artin, who r e moved to Callaway County, Missouri, and Elizabeth , the wife of \Villiam Goodman, were daughters of Benajah. Robert marr ied Mary, daughter of Francis Wingfield, and was the father of Albert.

Robert G entry, believed to be the son of Nicholas, bought in 1766 from Martha, widow of Sam uel Arnold. a place on the bead waters of Ivy Creek, which he and his wife Judith sold in 1776 to John Woodson. Philip Joyner, whose daughter was the wife of a Robert Gentry. and who once owned th e land the University stands on. devised the land to his two grand so ns , Charles and Jesse Gentry. They sold, the one in 1775 , and the other in 17 83, and appear to have emigrated to North Carolina. Whether the Robert just mentioned was the s ame with the son of Nicholas. is unknown.

G ILllE R .

Geor ge Gi lmer, immigrant. was a native of Scotland, who after a short so journ in London , ca me to this country. He settled in \Villiamsburg, and practised hi s profession as a physician. His son Peac hy , a fellow st udent of Nicholas Meriwethe r in William and Ma ry College, paid a visit to his friend in Atbema rle, and fell in love with and married his sister Mary. Thi s led to his brother George visiting the count y, and ultimate ly marrying Lucy. daughter of Dr. Thomas \'Valke r.

George lik e bis father was a physician . He settled in Ch a rl ottesvi ll e. an d his first res idence was on Ma in Street, nea r t he present sto re of T . T. Nor man. He seems after路 wards t o h ave li ved on Jeffe rs on Street , on the south end of the lot facing the west s ide of the Sq uare. He wa s a man of great activity and pu b li c s pirit. The agitation preceding the Revolut io n h ad already begun when Dr. Gilmer came

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t o Charlottesville, and from the first he displayed the live liest concern in the questions involved. Allus ion has already been made to the prominent part he performed in the earliest movements towards independence. In 1777 he purchased from J o h n Harvie Pen Park, which he made his home for t he re mainder of his life, the home of intelligence and refined hospi tality gra phically described by J ohu P. Kenned y in his Life' of Wi rt. About the same time he purchased land 011 ~Iechunk, unti l he owned more than two thousand acres in that section. He was appointed a magistrate, served as Sheriff in 1787. and was a member of the House of Delegates.

He died in 1796. His children were Mildred, the wife of \Villiam \Virt, George, Peachy, John, James, Lucy, the wife of Peter Minor, Harmer, Francis \V., and Susan, the wife o f Zachariah Shackelford.

Pen Par!.: continued to be the home o f the family ouring the life of ~hs. Gilmer. That part of the plantation called Rose Hill . where the children of John D. Craven now reside, was given to Mr. 'Vin, and there he built a house; but having no family, he and his wife lived for "he most part with her motber. The motber and daughter both died in 1800. and t he next year Mr. \Virt removed to Richmond. The home 路 stead was soon after sold to Richa rd Sampson, and still late r t o Job 11 H. Craven, whose residence t here many yet remember.

George married E lizabeth, c.aughter of Christopher Hudson, of MOlillt Air. He became the owner of the Mechullk lands, which sOlUe years after were sold under ~eeds of trust to Dabney Minor. He died in 1836. His children were Thomas W., George Christopher, John H . , Sarah, the wife oj Dr. Samuel \V. Tompkins, Georgiana, the wife of Colin C. Spiller, .M aria, the wife of Samuel G. Adams, Ann, the wife of Peter McGee, Martha, and Lucy, the wife of Edward Pegram.

Thomas \V. was a lawyer, member of the Legislature, Gov 路 ernor of Virginia. member of Congress, Secreta ry of the Navy, and lamentably perished on board of the United States ship Princeton in 18H. His wife was Ann Baker, of Shep herdstown, Va . . I n 1826 he lived on Park Street wh t re Drury Wood now resides, in 1831 bought from \\' . B Phillips the -

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brick hou se and lot at the west end of J effer so n Street, where J oh n C . Patte r s on live s, and in 183() purc h ased from John W . Davis the property a ll the hill recently occupied by John T. Antrim. G. Cbr is tophe r married first L eana Lewis, of the Scottsville neighborhood, a nd secon d l y Mildred, daughter of Richard Duk e. H e died in 1887.

P eachy was admitted to the bar, and practi se d in Bedford County. H e and Lu cy were two of th e devisees of the Farm¡ ington es tate , Mrs. George D ivers being their mother 's sister.

P eac hy died in 1836. John wa s a physician , married Sa rah Gi lmer, a distant kinswoman, and lived at Edgemont, where h e d ied in 1835. Fran cis ado pted the professi on of law, but w as c ut off in early life . He was a young m a n of fine e n dowmen t s and rare culture, and gave promise of fillin g a distinguished p osition in h is generation. He was a close friend of Mr. \Virt a nd Judge Da bney Carr, and a great favorite of Mr. J effe r son . The implicit reliance Mr. Jefferson had in his penetration and judgment, was manifested in his be in g entrusted with th e se lect ion of the fir s t profess ors of the Unive r s ity. He him se lf was designed for the professorship of law. In hi s modesty, which wa s a s g reat as his ability, h e thrice declined the pla ce. At le n g th he acce pted, bnt before e ntering upon its la bors, wa s removed from the scene of all earth ly activities in 1826 . â&#x20AC;˘

GOOC H.

\Villiam Gooch, written in the early record s Gouge, came to th e county from Hanover. In 1751 he bought land from Jobn Graves in the Everettsville neighborhood, which nine years after he sold to Benjamin S need, a nd it is believt!d, re moved to Amherst. Another William , who, from being denominated Ju nior, is presumed to be hi s so n , purchased land on the south fork of H a rdwa re in 1764, but in 1770 began buyi ng in the Ragged Mountains s outh of Ivy D:!pot, and in that vicinity fixed his residence. H is dwelling s tood where bis so n Dabney afterwards lived , a nd where still lat e r \V. O. Engli sh taugbt school. H e died in 1796. H e and h is wife Lucy had ten children , Matthew , Philip, Dabney C., Nicho las L., Wit-

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l iarn, Thoma s \V., Elizabeth, the wile of Nathan Dedman, Martha, the wife of William Thurmond, Susan, and Mary, the wife of William Moore. Matthew, who was admitted to the Albemarle bar in 1796, and Nicholas removed toKeutucky.

Philip removed to Amherst , and to h im bis father transferred the laud which h e first bought on the Ragged Mountains, and which somehow acquired the Dame of Little Egypt. included the present reservoir, and was sold by his son' Claiborne to the Houchens and Mayo families that s till live on it. Claiborne Gooch removed to Richmond, became Adjutant Gen 路 eral of the State, and was associated with Thoma s Ritchie in publ ishing the Richmond Enquirer.

Dabney married Elizabeth, daughter of Rev . \Villiam Irvin, of the South Garden, and had a daughter Mary, the wife of her cousin, Dr. \Villiam F. Gooch. He died in 1844.

Thomas \V. married )rancy, another daughter of Mr. Irvin. and for many years kept a tavern at the D. S. He died in 1838. His children were Alonzo, Edwin, Meade, Angelina and Elizabeth, the wife of John Fray Jr. Alonzo was for some yea rs a merchant in Charlottesvi:le, and a magistrate of the co unty , and lived on the lot west of the Episcopal Church, now occupied by Capt. H. Robertson. H is wife was a daughter of B. F. Porter . of Orange, and died in 1897 in Bluefield, W. Va. Dr. \Villiam F. Gooch was a grandson of \Villiam Jr., and came to Charlottesville from Amherst about 1823. The next year he married his cousin Mary, the only child of Dabney C. For many years he practised his profession actively both in town a nd country. His town residence was the house now occupied by James F. Burnley on High Street. He was appointed a magistrate in 1843. Not long before the war he removed to his farm south of Ivy, where he died at an advanced age in 1881. He had two daughters, Maria, the wife of Paul H. Good loe . and Elizabeth, the wife of \v. O. English.

Another person bearing the name of Gooch belonged to the county in fonner times. H e married Sa rah , daughter of David \Vood, and sister of the elder Drury. He had four - H

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sons and five daughters. Two of the sons , John and Roland, appea r to have owned la nd 011 Rougb RUIl, a branch of Moorm a n' s Rive r . They all removed to Linco ln County, K e ntucky , probably in the closing years of the la st century.

GOOD MA N.

The fir s t of the Good man family wa s Charles. He is noti ced a s early as 1761 as having married Elizabeth, dal1~h颅 t eT of Roland H orsley. H e began the purchase of land where he co ntinued t o live until b is death, on the sout h for k of the R iva nna, wes t of the mouth of I vy Cree k. In the cou rse of yea.rs be acquired co nsiderably morc th an a th ousand a;::res, Hi s dwelling s t ood where Edward \Ving6.eld now live_so H e was appo int ed a magi s trate ill 1794, but apparently averse to the pu b li c ity of office soon resigned. H e see ms to h ave bee n a qu iet, in d u striou s man, notabl y upright in all h is dealings. \Vben in h is will he made bequests of negroes to his childre n, he requi red a ce rta in proportion of the va lue of th ei r labor to be paid them year by year; and it is probable he did him se lf what h e e nj oi ned upon othe rs. He died in 1827 . H is chi ld ren were \Villiam, J oseph , Nathan, John, Susa n , the wife of John Rofters, Roland H ors ley, J eremiah A., a n d Elizabeth, the wi fe of an Anderson. \Vill iam m arried Elizabeth Gentry, Josepb married Na ncy, daughter of Patri ck )'[ichie, Nathan marri ed Mil dred . dau gh te r of .M an oah Clarksou, and emigrated to Kentu cky. John wa s o ne of the early Methodist preachers, and h is wife wa s Frances, daughter of Thomas Dickerson. J eremiah A. ma rried Mary Cl a rk路 son, sister of Nat h a n 's w ife, and lived until h is death in 1857 four or five mil es south of Charlottesville.

Horsley Goodman married Elizabeth, daughter of Dav id Rodes , and his childre n were D. Rode s , who was a deputy Su r veyor of tbe co unty, ~athan C., who married Sarah, daughter of J oel T errell . \Villiam, H o rsley , who married Sarah, daughter of J ames Dnrrett, of th e Batesv ille neighborh ood. Sllsa n, the wife of Jam es Durrett , brothe r of Horsley 'S wife , Ann, th e w ife of Seth Bu rnley, aud Lu cy , the second w ift> of Th omas ll . Brown. Horsley Sr. , d ied the same yea r as his father.

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GOO T-SHY.

Thomas Goolsby was one of the earliest settlers within the present bOllnds of the co unty. I n 1732, thirteen years before its organ izat ion , be patented twelve hundred acres on James River. In 1745 he sold more than five hundred acres to Samuel Shelton, and in the description of the deed are me ntioned two tributaries of the J ames, called Holman s and Goolsby's Creeks. Thi s deed is noteworthy also froIU a memorandum inscribed on it in 17 88, showing that it had been previously recorded, but th e record had been des troyed by the Britis h in 17 81. Thomas Goolsby died in 1774.

He was twice married, his last wife being Lucy Bryant.

Hi s children were William, Thoma s, Susan, the wife of a Childress, Ann, the wife of a Nowli ng , Lucy, the wife of a Saunders, and Elizabeth. \Villiamowned land on the waters of the south fork of Hardware. H e died in 1819, and hi s children were \Villiam, Tabitha, the wife of Joseph Harlan, Tarleton, who married Mildred, daughter of T homas Walker Jr., Sarah, the wife of a Thurn'oud , Susan, the wife of a Davis. Fleming, Jane , the wife of Samuel Harlan, Arthur, Mary, the wife of a Samuel Richardson, and Nancy, the wife of a Phillips .

Charles , James and John Goolsby, of Albe marle, were Revolutionary soldiers, members of the Ninth Virg inia Regiment. Charles, who was a non-commissioned offi cer, and James were taken prisoners at G erm a ntown; all three died in the service. They were beyond doub t sons of Thomas Sr., as William was stated to be their heir.

GORDON.

Before the middle of the last century two brothers named Gordon, natives of Scotland, were settled o n opposite sides of the Rappahannock River as merchants, plying a thriving trade with the old country. James resided in Lancaste r County , and J o hn at Tappabann ock in Essex. James's wife was Mary Harrison, of the Harri sons of Surry, and the wife of John wa s Lucy Churchill. Descendants of both became inhabitants of Albemarle. Rev. Jame s \Vaddell.

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HISTORy.oF ALBEMARLE

who preached and lang-ht school near Gordonsville, m arri ed a daughter of James, and \Villiam F. Gordo n , who acted a leading part in the affairs o f the county i11 t he first half of the present century. traced his lineage to John, or rather to â&#x20AC;˘ both brothers at once. His fatber, James Gordon, was t he son of John, and his motber, E li zabeth, was the daughter of James. \Villiam F. was admitted to the Albemarle bar in ~809.

In 1812 he s u cceeded Joseph' J . Monroe as Attorney of the Commonweal th , but resigned the next yea r , giving place to Jesse W. Garth . From 1818 to 1829 he was almost continuous ly a member of the House of Delegates, and in 1830 a member of the State Senate. He also represe nted the district in Congress. The ti tle of Genera l by which he was co mmonly known, he derived from his appoin tment in 1829 as Brigadier Genera l of the Third Brigade, Second Division of the Virginia mi litia , and in 1840 of Major Genera l of the Second Division . His hOlne was at Spring Hill. at the eastern base of the South 'Vest Mountain, not far from Gordonsville. He died in 1858. Hi s wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Reuben Lindsay, a nd his cbilrlren , J ames, George, Hannah , the wife of W. J. Robertson, Reuben , \Villi am F., Charles, Dr. J oh n C . , Alexander and Mason.

In the las t century there cam e to the county an Alexander Gordon. who seems to have been of k ind red with the noble Scot tish fam il y of Gordon, of Huntly. H e lived on Sowell's Branch near Carter's Bridge, wh ere he obtained a patent for a small tract of land in 1785. He sued Humphrey Gaines for a piece of vacant land 011 Buck I sland Creek to whic h they both laid claim, his co unsel being Walter Leake. while .M r. Wirt appeared for Gaines. He was not an ornament to the county. He died in 1805, leaving a so n, Alexande r Duff Gordou, who two years after removed to T e nne ssee.

coss.

The first known se ttl eme nt of the Goss famil y was in that part of Albemarle, which in its division in 17 61 w as erected into Buckingham. A Jam es Goss was witness to a deed,

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conveying land on a branch of S late River, in 114.9. The h ead of the family now l iv ing in the co nnty was Benjamin, who with a larg:! Inu<;ehold emigrated to Georgia. In process of time two of h is sons, J esse and J ohn, return~d to Virginia.

John soon became a teacher in the familyof Governor James Barbour. H e married Jan e, daughter of J ames \Valker, of ' Madison, and for a time had hi~ residence in that county.

He, as well as J esse, en tered the m inistry of the Baptist Church . In 1803 he settled in Albemarle in the Priddy's Creek neighborhood, where he passed the remainder of his days, preaching for the most part to the church of that name. In 18 16 he WJ.S appointed a mag istrate. Hi s death occurred in 1838, at the age of sixty路three. His c hil dre n were H arriet, Sarah, the wi feof Nimrod Bramharn J f., James \V ., John \V., \Villiarn, and Ebeue7.er, who died some years ago near Somerset in Orange.

J ames, when a yOllllg man, wa s e n~~g ed in the drug- business on the public sqllare in Charlotteowille, in partnership with John Field Jr. In 1836 b~ took a leading part in establi shing the Disciples ' Church on Market Street, becoming a min ister in that denomination, and publishing' for a short period one of its organs, th e Christian I ntelligencer. He was appointed a magistrate in ISH. He was afterwards successfully employed in educational work, founding the Piedmont Female Academy near Priddy's Creek, and at the time of his death iu 1870. filling the presidency of a si milar institntion in Hopkinsville. Ky. Hi s wife was J ane A. Grigsby, of Rockbridge co uuty.

John was in early life a merchant in Charlottesville in partnership with Chri stop her Hom sey. H e married Potydora, daughter of Major John Lewis. of the Sweet Springs, and sister of Mrs . John Cochran. In 1838 he succeeded his father as a magistrate. and in 1854- aud 1855 represeuted the county in the L egis lature. Since the war he occupied the offices both of She riff and County Clerk. He died in 1883. aged sixty-eight.

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HISTORV OF ALIJJL\IARLE

GRAYSON.

\VilIiam Grayson was a native of Spotsylvania, and came to Albe marle some time before the Revolutionary War. In 1764 he bought land on the head of Mech um's River from Speaker John Robinson. who was then selling off the im mense tracts in Rockfish valley, patented by his brother-in law , J ohn Chiswell. Ha vi ng so ld this property a few year s after , he purcbased from Gamaliel Bailey and Obadia h ~Iartin at what was th e n known as the Little D . S .â&#x20AC;˘ where the old Richard \Vood s Road forks with t hat passing th r ou g h Batesvi ll e, and where his descendants have been living ever since. In 1804 he sold a sma ll parcel at tbis place to \Vitliam Simpson, who there established a tanyard that for many years went by bis name, and afterwards by the name of Grayso n, and that was one of the most noted landmarks in that neigh horhood. Simpson in 1818 sold it to Joseph Grayso n , a grandson of \Vill iam. \Vi lli all1 died in 1829, baving attained the remarkable age of ninety-seven yea rs .

Hi s wife was Ann. daughter of Thom as Smith . and hi s children were John, Th omas, Martha, Elizabeth, the w ife of Joseph Sutherland, and Susan, the w ife first of Isaac Wood, and seco ndly of a Tomlin . Joseph Grayson married Rhoda, dang-bte r of Dan iel \Vhite, and died in 1867. His chi ldren were Tho mas, who married Mary, daughter of J ohn Jones, Ann , the wife of James H . Shelton, Frances. Elizabeth, the wift! of Be njamin F. Abell, John and \Villiam .

HAMNER.

Tradition relates, that the immigrant Hamner bore the n ame o f Nic hola s, that ~e came from Wales and settled in :o. l iddlesex County, aud that he had six or seve n sons. Three of them fixed their home s in Albemarle. The firs t who appea r s o n th e records was William . In 1759 he bough t from Th o ma s Fit zpatri ck nearly five bUll(ired acres on the south fork of H a rdware, 110t far from J umping Hill. The s ame year he obtained a patent for nearly two hundred acres on the north fork of Hardware. and acquired near by up wards of seven hundred more, all of which he sold iu 1782

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to Colonel John Old. In 1777 he purcbased from Dr. James Hopkins abou t fifteen hundred acres on the waters of Totier.

He died in 1785. He and hi s wife Elizabeth had eleven children, Jeremiah, Turner, Richardson, Kenley, Samuel, Mildred, the wife of Jacob Moon, Elizabeth, the wife of Thoma s Fitzpatrick, Mary, tbe wife of a Perry, Susan, the wife of Reuben Turner, Rebecca, the wife of James Turner, and the wife of David Strange. Jeremiah and Henley lived in the Biscuit Run valley, Turner at the mouth of Eppes Creek, Samuel near Jumping Hill, Jacob Moon, the Turners and Strange on Totier, though the Turners soon removed to Amherst. Jeremiah married Rebecca, daughter of Castleton â&#x20AC;˘ Harper, and died in 1815. Most of his children emigrated â&#x20AC;˘ to Georgia and Alabama, but his daughter Mary remained in Albemarle as the first wife of Samuel Barksdale. Samuel, who died in 1817, married, it is believed, a 1dorris, probably a daughter of Hugh Rice )'10rris, of the Totier region, and his children were \Villiani, Eli zaltetb, the wife of Rice Garland, Henley, Morris, Samuel, Jane, (he wife of a Thomas, and Rhoda, the wife of James Nimmo. William died in 1831, and his chi ldren were John T., Jesse B., Susan, the wife of a Ric~, Martha, the wife of Jacob \Valtman, Austin and Samuel, who emigrated to Tennessee, and William, Morris and Samuel married s isters named Lucas, and about the beginning of the century re moved to Charlotte County.

Th e latter was the father of J a mes G. and Thomas L., ministers in the Presbyterian Church.

The second of the brothers was Robert, who died iu 1750 .

In 1772 his son Nicholas conveyed to \\lilliam Hamner two hundred and seventy acres at the mouth of Eppes Creek, which had bee n devised to him by his father. In 1784 he purc hased land north of Glendower, which is still the residence of his grandson. In 1794 he was associated in business with Samuel Dyer at Warren, wbere he died soon after. His wife was Agnes, daughter of Giles Tompkins, and bis children Susan, the wife of John L. Cobb, of Bedford, and mother of Nicholas Hamner Cobb, a former Chaplain of the University, and the first Episcopal Bishop of Alabama, Nich -

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HI STORY OF ALBEMARLJ<:

olas, who married Mary, daughter of Edward Garland.

Edmund, who m arried Cb~rlotte, daughter of i\'lanoab Clarkson, James, who m arried I sabe l Maxwell, Elizabeth. the wife of a Scruggs, of Euc-kingham, and Nancy, the wife of Samuel Childress.

The third of the brothers is believed to have been John, who lived in the Biscuit Run valley, and first appears as a purch aser of land in 1778. He married Mary, daughter of Charles and Rachel \Vingfield, and bis.children were Charles \1,/., of Buckingbam, from whom descended James and \Vade Hamne r , of Lynchburg, Johu, who married Susan Fretwell, Francis, who married Sarah Eubank, Thomas, who married Maria, daugbter of Edward Garland, and removed to Lewis County, \Vest Virginia, Mary and Susan, the wives respectively of Meekin s and John B. Carr, who emigrated to Dickson County, Tennessee, Elizabeth, the wife of Samuel S. Gay, and Sarah, the wife of David Gentry.

HANCOCK.

One of the original patentees of land in the cou nty was Solomon H ancock. I n 1756 he obtained the grant of four hundred acres between the Hardware and Totier Creek, Four years afle r he sold part of it to Giles T ompkins, and removed to Halifax Couoty. In 1777 he sold the remaind er to William Tompkins, son of Giles. â&#x20AC;˘ David Hancock in 1834. purchased frolU John R. Campbell eleven hundred acres all both sides of the Rivanua, above the mouth of Buck Island Creek. H e died in 1858. His c hi l dren were Oa v id , who married J anetta Thurman , Dr. Charles, who married Catharine Thurman, Gustavus, who married Lily Wimbert, and lived on James River below Howardsville,. and Virginia, the wife of Dr. Francis Hancock , of Richmond.

David died in 1872, Mrs. Virginia in 1884, Dr. Charles in 1885, and Gustavus 1898. All left familif!s.

Rich ard J. Hancock was a native of A labama, and can:.e to Virginia during the civil war with the troops of L ouis iana.

Sojourning in Albemarle while recovering from wou nds re ceived in battle. he married Tholl1asia. daughter of J oh n O.

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217

H arris. He succeeded his father· in-law d Ellerslie, which is a par t of the old I ndian Camp plantation, once the estate of \~iIliam Short, Wash ington's Minister to the Hague, and t he fame of which as a stock farm he has spread abroad throughout the land.

I1ARDIN.

The (ami ly of Hardin occupied a position of some promi· nence in the county at the heginning of the century. Its head was Isaac, who, after living on different places, finally sett led about 1785 on the plantation near Greenwood Depot. recently owned by Thomas C . Bowen. Here he resided un· ti l his death in 1820, at the age of eighty· four. His wife was Elizabeth, daughter of \Villiam Brown, and his children Ma r y, t he wife of Samuel B. Smit h . whose sons removed to T ennessee, Benjamin, Elizaheth, the wife of Gideon l\lorgan, Sarah. the wife of Nathaniel Landcraft. Nelson. Isaac B., Lucinda, the wife of \Villial1l Scott, Berry M., and John.

About 1808 Nelson emigrated to l\1is:5issippi Territory, and I saac to T ennessee . Berry 1\[. died in 1826.

F or many years Benjamin was a conspicuous figure in the western part of the county_ He bought in 1805 the brick ho use about a mile west of Ivy Depot, which was at first the nucleus, and soon the whole, of the town of ),[organtown .

H ere he kept a tavern having the name of Albemarle Hotel unti l 1826. From time to time he bought up a few lots of the projected town. as their owners endeavored to realize a return from their investment; but as they lay unmarked amidst the t rees and busbes of the forest, it is surmised the great mass of them quietly lapsed in his hands, totally forgotten by t hose who held the title. Hardin wasa fanci er of fine horses, and kept a number of racers. It is likely the temptations co n nected with such pursuits involved bim in undue expense, and led to a neglect of bis proper business; at all events in 1827 all his property was sold under deeds of trust. He t hen removed to Nelson County. I n January 1899, his son, Dr. Charles \V. Hardi n , died near Longwood, Rockbridge Co unt y , in t he eighty-fifth year of bis age .

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2 18

HISTORY OF A L BEMARLE HARPER.

Castleton Harper was a deputy of Joseph Thompson, the first Sheriff of the county_ His home was on the north fork of Hardware, near the mouth of Sowe ll 's Branch. His death occurred about 1799. His chi ldren were Richard, Castleton, Henry , Rebecca, the wi feof J eremiah Hamner, Mary, the wife of Reuben White, Jemima, the wife of Edward Lyo n, and Ellinda . believed to have been the wife of Thomas Stapl es.

Charles H arper came to Albe marle from Culpeper about 18 14 . I n that year he bought from 1:pomas Wells eight hun d red a cres so uth of Ivy De pot. By cont inued purchases be beca me the owner of more than h\'elve hundred acres in th a t v ici nity. In 18 17 h e disposed of three hundred acres, and ha lf of th e mill on Ivy Cree k, t o his son Joseph. H ~ died in 1848 . His wife was Lucy Smithers, and his ch ildren Jose ph , S a rah , th e wife of J ohu Slaughter, , Mary, the wife of \y ill ia m H. Gla sscock, 'Villiam, Charles, Gab riel, L ydia, the wi fe of S teph en C. Price, Robert, Lucy, the wife of Dr. M. L . Anderson, Nancy, the wife of U ria h P. Bennett, and Eli za J a ne, the wife of John Wood Jr. J ose ph in 18 26 so ld to Benjamin Wood a tract of fifty acres, wh ich a cquired the name of 'Voodvi ll e, but has since been ca lled Iv y Depot. In 1832 he sold his property, and removed to Dav iess County, l\'I issouri, where he died the same year a s hi s fat her. H e was tw ice married, first to Eliza Ann Green , and secondly to Mary Ann Miller, the widow of R obert ,V . W ood . I-lischildren were Twyman W., William, M a ry, the wife of Martin, Lucy Aun, the wife of Norb orne T . M artin, a former merchant of C ha rlottesvi lle, Charl es and J ohn. Ga b r iel married Sa ra h, daughter of E d mund A nderso n and J a ne L ewis. H e was appointed a ma g is t rate of the county in 1838 . Some years before the war b e re moved to Appomattox County, and later to P r ince E d wa rd . Wh en th e war closed , he sett led on J ames River be low Richmond , where not long afte r he died.

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

219

HARRIS.

Matthew Harris in 1741 patented four hundred acres on the waters of Totier, which he afterwards sold to John Harris. It is believed he soon removed to the present territory of Nelson . He married Miss Lee , and had two sons, \Villiam and Lee. Lee married Miss Philips, and his son.

William Lee Harris. who married Elizabeth . daug-hter of Clayton Coleman, was admitted to the Albemarle bar in 1798, but probably lived in the present bounds of Nelson. \Villiam Hards , in all likelihood a brother of Matthew , was long one of the early and leading citizens of Albemarle.

His first patent was located on Beaverdam of Hardware in 1739. He also made entries on Totier and Green Creeks, u ntil during tbe next fony years he possessed more than two thou sand a cres. He was evidently a man of fine judgment and great energy. He established on Green Creek one of the first mills erected in that part of the county . and it has ever since been an important ce ntre to the surrounding country. In 1746, the year aft er the county was organized, he was appointed one of its rqagistrates. He died in 1788.

Hi s wife was Mary Netherland, and his children, Matthew, Sarah, the wife of a :\iosby, Elizabeth. the wife of J ohn Digges, Catharine, the wife of a Steger, John, William, Mary, the wife of a \Voodfolk, Benjamin', Ann , the wife of Hawes Coleman, and Judith, the wife of George Coleman. From this stem ha s sprung a greater number of fami lies perhaps than from allY other ever domiciled in the cou nty.

Matthew married :\Iiss Tate , and had fiiteen children.

Among them were Schuyler, who married Frances Blades. lived two miles north of Covesvi lle, and died in 1803, and whose son, \Villiam B ., married Elizabeth, daughter of Andrew Hart. was the iather of Alfred and Willi:'lm Henry, was a magistrate of the county. and a ruling elder in the Cove Church, and died in 1862; Matthew, who mar~ied Mi ss Blades, and had a large family, of whic h th e only one remaining is venerable Lloyd Harris. now living nea r \Varren; Henry T ., who became a member of the Albemarle bar in 1808. lived south of Coves ville. married his cousin Mary.

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HIS1'ORY OF ALBEMAR L E

d aughter of Benjamin Harris , and died in 1845, and whose daughters , Mary and C ornelia, were the wives respectively of Dr. Dan ie l E Watson. and Dr. \Villial11 D. Boaz; a ud Mary, the wife of a Barnett , and mother of Nathan J., who li ved uear Covesvi lle , and wa s for m any years Surveyor of the county.

Sarah Mosby was the grandmotber of Alfred, the father of Colonel John S. Mos by, of Confederate fame. Elizabeth, the wife of John Di gges, was the mother of nine children, of whom E lizabet h became the wife of R ev. I saac DarneilIc. an Epi scopal clergyman, Charlotte, the wife o f William Moon, Dorothy, t he wife of Marshall Durrett, Nancy, the wife of James Durrett, of Batesville, and Lucy, the wife of Dabney Carr, of North G a rden.

J ohn Harri s was at the time of h is death in 1832 the 'w ea lth iest man in the county . His home wa s at Viewmoht, south of Carter' s Bri d g-e, which he purchased in 1803 from Tucker ,M oore Wood so n. It is s ai d , he added largely to his estate by h is business operation s during the war of 1812.

He was a ppo in ted a magistrate in 1801 . He was twice married , first to F rances Row zy, a"nd seco ndly to Sarah, widow of R ohert Barclay. He left no children of his own, but dev ised a large port ion of hi s est a te t o the children of hi s second wife, two o f who m were marri ed to the brothers, John D and Edward H. Moon. Hi s will was contested, and a long litigatiou ensued before it was finally estab lis hed in 1838.

William married Miss \Vagstaff, and had eight children.

Among the m were \Villiam S., and Frances, the wife of L ewis Nicholas. William B . married Elizabeth, daughter of Sam uel Woods, and was the father of Will iam H., who married Mary J. Wayland, li ved ou th e old Fi eld place near Batesville, wa s appointed a ma gistrate in 1838. and died in 1 S87 .

Benjamin was a man of great wealth, was a ppoiuted a mag istrate iu 17 91, and ser ved as Sberiff in 1815. He married Mary, daugbter of Sa muel Woods, and had eleven cbit路 drell . Among them were Dr. \Vitliam A., wbo married his cousi n E lizabet n, daughter of Schuyler Harris, was a magis-

H ISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

221

trate of the county, and a ruling elder in the Cove Church, and in 1837 remo ved to Illinois; and Colouel George W., who died in I8i7. and whose children still occupy the old homestead on the old Irish Road, west of Porter's Precinct.

Ann , wife of Hawes Coleman, was the grandmother of Mary, t he wife of Dr. Charles D. Everett.

One of the early se ttlers on Doyle's River was Robert Harri s.

He obtained patents for nearly three thousand acres iu that vicinity, his first entry having been made in 1750. His death took place in 1765. H e and h is wife t.Iourning had ten chi ldren, Christopher, Robert, Tyree, J ames, \Villiam, Lucy, the wife of \Villiam Shelton, Sarah, the wife of John Rodes, the wife of ,Villiam Dalton, Mourning, the wife of John Jouett , and Elizaheth, the wife of \Villiam Crawford, and mother of William H. Crawford, United States Senator from Georgia, Minister to France, Secretary of the Treasury under Mr. Mon J roe, and a prominent candidate for the Presidency in 1824.

Robert was a Captain in the Revolutionary service, and removed to Surry County, North Carolina. \Villiam died early in 1776, and Christopher in 1794.

James died in 1792. He and his wife Mary had ten children, T homas, Joel, Nathan, J ames, Lucy, the wife of Thomas Grubbs. Mourning , the wife of Cornelius Maupin, Sarah, the wife of James H arrison, Susan, the wife of Nicholas Burnley, Ann, the wife of a Haden, and Jane, the wi fe of a Dabney. Joel was appointed a magistrate in 1801, and about 1811 Commissioner of the Revenue for Fredericksville parish, which office he held until his death in 1826. He and his wife Anna had three sons, Ira, Joel and Clifton. Ira succeeded his father in the Commissionership, as well as in the old home, the place where Jeremiah A. Early now resides, and died in 1863.

He married Sarah, and his brother Clifton, Mary, daughters of Howell L ewi s, of North Garden. Na than removed to Lexington, Va., where h e resided till his death. He was the father of the Hon. J ohn T. Harris, and Rev. William A. Harris, for many years Principal of the Female Seminary in Staunton. James was appointed a magistrate in 1807. H e married Mary, daughter of John and Mary McCulloch, and

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

was associated with his brothers -i n -law , Robert a nd James McCulloch. in conduct ingtbe mill at :\1il1ington. In 1822 he sold his property, and rem oved to another part of the co unt ry .

Anoth er fa m ily of thi s name lived near Free Union. Its bead wa s Jam es, who died in 1797 , He and his wife Elizabeth bad s ix sons and fiv e daugh ters. Oneaf bis S0 11 S , Blake, marri ed Mary , daughter of John Alphin . and frolll another was descended Randolph Frank H arris, w h o was for some yea rs the mayor of Charlottesville.

At a late r date J ohn O. H arris ca me to t he county from L oui sa . He purchased p a rt of th e old Indian Camp place. whi .:::h \Villi a lll Short !'=old in 18 13 to David H iggi nbotham .

Hi s wife wa s Barbara 'I'erre ll , and his daughters, AnD a nd Thomasia, beca me the wives res pec tively of J ohn O. Pe nd leton and R. J . Hancock. Mr. Harri s died in 1877, a nd h is wife in 1882.

HARRI SON.

Richa rd H ar rison in 1789 purchased from J a mes Overstreet, of Bedford, a tract of two hund red acres on the M ~ r till Ki ng Road, between the walers of Bu ck I sland and Hardw a re, whi ch he sold four years later t o Charles McGehee. One of the sa me n a me, and in all proba bility the same person, married l\l a ry , daughte r of Peter Clarkson. He resided in the \Vhiteha ll neighborhood. and was the fa th er of a large fam ily. H is children we re Elizabeth, the wife of Weatherst on Shelton, Ann, the wife of J ohn Clarkson , l\hry, the wif~ of Charles \V. l\'Iaupin, who removed to St. Louis, Peter C .â&#x20AC;˘ Cha rles. J ohn C .â&#x20AC;˘ who married Frances Rodes, Juliu s C . . w ho marri ed Elizabeth Strange, Richard. David. James, who married Sarah Harri s, and W illiam.

In 1829 Dr. Charles Cocke and G eorge M. P ay ne. as trustees of \Vill ia m Moon, sold Bell e Grove, the seat of Old Albemarl e Court Hou se o n J ames Rive r, to Peyton Harri so n.

Mr . H arri son wa s a so n of Randolph Harri son , of Clifton in Cumberland County. and a gra nrl nephew of Benjamin. the signer of the Dec lara t ion of Independence . He married J a ne, daughte r of JuJge Da b ney Carr. Settling on hi s plantation near Scotts ville , he prr.cti ced law for three or four years, but

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HISTORV OF ALB EM ARLE

223

abandoning that profession he entered the Presbyterian min istry. After making this change of vocati on , he retur'ned to Scottsville, and beca me pastor of the Presbyteri a n Church.

Near the close of 1833 he sold Belle Grove t o h is broth er, Carter H. H arrison. H ere Carter resi ded unti l his death in 1844. H e was appointed a magistrat e of the county in 1835 .

His wife was J eanette Fi s her , and his so ns were George Fisher, H enry, E d ward Jacquelin . and Carter. H enry was the father of G eorge M. Harri son, Jud ge of the present Court of appeals.

H ART.

Andrew H art was a Scotchman by birth , and was estab路 lished as a merchant in the southern part of the county as early as 17 86. His store was on Jump ing H ill. at th e south end of Gay 's Mountain. At that time th e road fro m Staunton to Scott 's L andin g" passed immedi ately in its front, so that it was a point of public concou rse. Mr. Hart wa s em inently successf ul in hi s busi ness operations, and attained a high reputation for integrity and worth. Besides the management of his private interests, he was frequently en gaged in publi c affairs, devoting milch time to the execution of tru sts devolved upo n h im by the County Court. H e wa s for man y years a ruling" elder in the Cove Church, and one of its main supporte rs. H is home was at Sunny Bank, the pres路 ent residence of his g reat-grandso n , Andrew H art. H e was twice m arried, fir s t to Elizabeth , dau ghte r of R ev. Samue l Le ake, and seco n dly to Eli zabeth Bick ley, s iste r o f t he wife of Sa muel Dyer. H e died in 1832 .

H is childre n by the first marria ge were Samuel L . a nd Mary, the wife of David You ng. Th ese b rother s- in -law were in the early part of the century a ssociated as merchants, and prosecuted an active business in N orth Garden. Samuel Hart was e x ceedi ng ly popular, and a wi de circle of frieuds availed themselves of his rare executive gifts. About 1829 he removed to Mi ss ouri. By th e seco n d marriage Mr. 1Iart's children were J ames, And rew , J ohn B ., Fran cis, \Villiam D., Eliza, the wife of William B. Harri s, Marga ret , the wife of

HISTORY OF

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Rev. Thornton Rogers, and Celia, the wife of Dr. Jacob Snider, who removed to IVIis siss ippi.

J ames was twice marri ed, first to Sophia, daughter of Schltyler Harri s , and secondly to Frances Thomas, widow of Dr. Charles H. Meriwether. Hi s ho me was in North Garden where H. Carte r :\100re afterw ards lived, but he subsequently removed to Fruitland near K es wic k, the present residence of bi s son-in-law, A. P. Fox. He died in 1874. Andrew was a Presbyterian mini ster. and di ed a few years ago a t Buchanan, tht! place of his last pastorate. John B. was appointed a magi strate in 1824, did business ill Scottsville and Mississippi success fully for a tim e , hut at length overtaken by com merc ial disast er, removed to Alexandria where he died.

Francis received from his father a plantation nea r Covesville, sold it ill 1837 to Dr. Daniel E. \Vatson, and removed to Ric hm ond . \V illi am D. was a man of much energy and vivac it y, stud ied law , was a magi strate, represented the county bo th in t he Hou se o f Deleg ates and State Sen at e , and was a Director of the Oran ge and Ale xandria Rai lroad. He s uc ceeded his father both in the old homestead and the eldership of the Cove Church. He married Eli~ab e th De J arne tte, and had ODe d au g h ter El izabeth , the wife of ~rhoUlas R. Dew. H e d epa rted thi s life in 1877 .

J ohn Hart, a brother of Andrew , sett led in Ric hmond, where he d ied unmarried ill 1796. I-Ie managed his affairs pros perou sly, and acqui red considerab le property. By hi s will he bequeathed a thousand pounds to a sister in Linlithgow , Scotland. a nd the residue of his estate to h is brother in Albemarle .

HARVIF..

John Harvie wa s a native of S tirl ings hire , Scotland, and at the time Albemarle was orga ni zed , was living" at Belmont near Keswick, a place he bought froUl Matthew Graves.

He was the guardian of Mr. J effe rso n, and oue of the earliest efforts of the great states man 's pen, was an inquiry addressed to Mr . Harvie respec t ing th e method of hi s educati o n. H e died in 1767. Hi s wife was Martha Gaines, and his c hildren Ri ch ard, John, Daniel, who married Sarah

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Taliaferro , \Villiam, who married Judith COSb/. )''Iartha, the wife of John Moore, Margaret., the wife of John Daven' port, El izabeth, the wife of James Marks, Janet, the wife of Reuben Jordan , and Mary, the wife of David 1\'I eriwether.

Some of these families resided for a time in Amherst, but all except John emigrated to \Vilkes County, Georgia, in the decade of 17 SO. John was a prominent man in his generation. He was one of the first lawyers in point of time who practiced at the Albemarle bar. He was a member of the H ouse of Bur路 gesses, and of the Continental Congress. He owned large tract s of land in the county, among them Belmont, the Barrack s and Pen Park. By his influence as a Congre ssman, he procured the establishment of the Pri son Camp at the Barracks. He made hi s borne for some years at Belmont, but on receiving from ~Ir. Jdferson the appointment of Regi ster of the L and Office he removed to Richmond, and continued in the discharge of its duties during the remainder of his life. He died at Belvidere. his country seat near Richmond, in 1SN. H e was a puhlic spirited man, and did much to improve his city property, building among other houses what was afterwards known as the Gamble mansio n , in the erection of which his death was caused by falling from a ladder. H is wife was 1'1argaret, daughter of Gabriel Jones, the distinguished Valley lawyer. His SOil J acquelin married 1Iary, the only daughter of Chief Justice Marshall, and hi~ daughter Gabrielle. a great beauty and wit, beca me the wife of the elder Thoma s Mann Randolph in his old age, a marriage which produced a prodigious sensation at the time, and which occasioned some prudent advice on the part of Mr. Jefferson to his daughter, the wife of Mr. Randolph's son, in accordance with the wonderful practical wisdom that dwelt in the man. After the death of her husband, Gab ri elle was married to Dr. John W . Brockenbrough, of Richmond and the \:Varm Springs.

HAYS.

Four persons named Hays came to the county from Augusta about 17S0, William, James, David and J oh n. It ~1 5

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is likely they were brothers; J ames and David certainly were. 'W illi am bought land from Thomas Smit h on the bead waters of l\Iechum's River. He married Charity, a sister of Rev. Benjamin Burgher, and in 1795 sold out and removed to Kentucky. James at first sett led in the same vicinity, but afterwards purchased from John Mills a tract th at included the present farm of Brooksville. There just before the close of the last century he la id out the town of New York, and disposed of a Ullmber of lots. For many years he kept a ta vern, a well known stand in its day, which after his death was carried on by his widow. He displayed such prudent skill in the management of his affairs, that be was able to devise to his three sons a thousand acres of land. He died in 1813. His wife was Mary, daughter of Claudius Buster, who was married a second time to Jobn Morrison. His children were J ames, Nathanie l, Thomas, and Elizabeth, the wife of Robert Brooks. James purchased the portions of his brothers. who seem to have removed to Monroe County. He married Margaret Yancey, ~ daughter probahly of Colonel Charles Yancey. He gradually sold off his property, and appears to have emigrated to another part of the countr y about 1830.

John I-lays conducted a public house in the same section, and died in 1826. David owned land near the foot of Yellow .M ountain. a short distance north of Batesville. He was a farm er, a storekeeper, a ruling elder in the Lebanon Church, anu for a time Colonel of the Forty-Seventh Regiment. He died about 1856. Shortly after that time, a son, David T.~ sold his land in that neighborhood, and removed elsewhere. \Villiam, another son as is supposed, married Mary , daughter of John Dettor, and died not loug before, or during, the war.

HhNDERSON.

At an early day the family of Henderson owned land near Milton, both on the north and south sides of the Rivanna.

A s tream which empties into the river below Milton, and which rises not far from Colle, was for many years known as Henderson's Branch. John H enderson bou gh t the land on

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227

which Milton stands from Dr. Arthur H opkins, who entered it in 1732. H e died in 1786. It is con jectured his wife was a Ben nett, as that was a given name in the fami ly from generation to generation. Hi s children were John. Bennett, William , Elizabeth, the wife of David Crawford, Susan, the wife of John Clark, Mary and Hannah, both married to Bullocks, and Frances, the 6rst wife of John Th omas, of Am herst.

J ohn Jr. , was the owner, by gift from his father and fatherin-law, of a large quantity of land lying below M ilton, and in the Biscuit Run Valley. He was mani fest ly a man of influence on his own account. He was a magistrate. and filled the office of Sberiff, thou g h in conseque nce of the loss of the early records the time is not known. He died in 1790, only four years after the death of his father. His wife was Frances, daughte r of John :M oore, and hi s childre n Bennett, Matthew, William , Mary, the wife of Hopkins Lewis, Frances, the wife of John Hines, Sarah, the wilt! of Micajah Clark, and Elizabeth, the wife of Peter Martin. Bennett emigrated to J essamine County , Ke ntucky , about 1800. and Matthew followed him a few years later. \Villiam, who ma rried Rebecca, daughter of John Hudson, conveyed six hundred acres on Biscuit Run to Walter Coles in 1806, when he presumably joinE'd his kindred in the West. John Hines lived at the Pillars of Hercu les, now known as Millington, sold the place in 1807 to Thoma s Ellis , and removed to Kentucky, where after his decease hi s wid ow became th e w ife of J oh n Nicoll, of Allen County . Hopkins L ewis li ved on a farm on B isc uit Run given his wife by her father, but hi s management of it was so intolerable, that in 1801 the court took it from hi s control , and in 1827 h is seven children, scatte red over Kentucky and Tennessee, appointed attorneys to dispose of it.

Bennett, the second so n of John Sr., was a man of much consideration. He wa s a mag-istrate of the county. I t was on his land Milton was built. H e resided there, and in the exercise of a liberal, enterprising s pirit erected a large flouring mill, and a tobacco warehou se, that during the next thirty years preserved the name of H e nderson in the co mmu â&#x20AC;˘

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nity .

He married Elizabeth, daughter of Colonel Charles Lewi ~ Jr. , of Buck I sland, a n d had twelve children, Joho, who married Ann B. Hudson, sister of his cousin William 's wife, \Villiam, Sarah, the wife of John R. Kerr, James, Charles, I sham, Bennett, Hillsborough, Eliza, the wife of J ohn H. Bu llock, Frances, the wife of Th omas Hornsby, Lucy, the wife of John \Vood, and Nancy Crawford, the wife of ]"'I atthew Ne lson. Benuett Henderson died comparatively young in 1793, and within the next fifteeu years bis widow and all her chi ldren had removed to Kentucky. Their land around Miltoo, which was so ld to Craven Peyton, came into Mr. J efferson's hands in 1811; and in the deed t o Mr. Jeifer路 son, evidently written by his own h and in the precise language which marks all his writings, there is a full account of Bennett Henderson's family.

James P. H enderson was a grandson of Justice J ohn Blair, of the United States Supreme Court, and one of the heirs of Blair Park. By purchasing the interest of Johu Blair Peachy, the other heir, ill 1831, he became the sole owner. He mar路 ried Margaret C., daughter of Richard Pollard, and grand daughter of Robert Rives, and had one child, Pauline, who became the wife of David 1\1. Clarkson, of New York. He put ao end t o his own life at Cocke's Tavern in 1835.

HF. NING.

William \Valler .Hening, the compi ler of the Statutes at Large of Virginia, was at one t ime a resident of Charlottesville , and a regular practitioner at its bar. He settled in thE town in 1793, and seems to have co me from Spotsy lvania.

His place of residence was first on the sout hern boundary of the place, near where Vandegrift's Planing Mill recently stood, and subsequently on the sout h side of Unive rsity Street, not far from the Delavan Church. He dealt somewhat in real estate, but apparen tly not with much success. He was the owner of a Distillery which was once loca ted beside the spring on th e west s ide of the old Lynchburg Road, a little northeast of Orangedale, and witb whicb his name was asso路 ciated long after bi s removal from the connty. Th is event

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229

occurred in 1805 . when he went to Richmond to engage in the useful work of collecting and publi shing the L a ws of Virginia. He was unquestionably induced to undertake this task by Mr. Jefferson, to whom it bad been a matter of deep interest and great labor for many years. He was also asso ciated with William Munford in publi s hing H en ing & Mun ford 's Reports. Hi s wife was Agatha , daughter of H enry Banks. Mr. Hening continued to h old the ownership of some lots in th e southern portion of the town, and of some land near Moore 's Creek, which was fin a lly closed out in 1830 by his son-in-law, Robert G. ,\V. Spotswood. He died in Richmond ill 1828.

HOPKINS.

As early as 17 32 , Dr. Arthur Hopkin s , who resided on one of the branc hes of Byrd Creek in Goochland, obtained a patent for four hnndred acres wh ere :.'Iilton now stands. another in 1748 for nearly twenty-three hundred on Totier Creek, and a third in 17 65 for fourteen hundred and seventeen between Hardware and 1'otier. which had been granted to l-lardin Burnley, but forfeited for fai lure to pay the quit rents .

He died in 1766. He and hi s w ife Elizabeth had eight children, Samuel, John , Arthur , ,\Villiam , Jam es , Lucy, the wife of G eo rge Robi nson, of Pittsylvania , Mary, the wi fe of J oseph Cabell, and I sabel.

Samue l marri ed Isabella Taylor , a cousin of President Madison ' s grandmother, a nd of Preside nt Taylor 's grandfather, and an aunt of John Ta ylor , of Caroliue. Their son Samuel was Lieutenant Colonel of the Tenth Virginia in the Revolution, and General in K entucky iu the wa r of 1812 , for whom Hopkin s County an d Hopkin svi lle in that State were nawed. Arthur went to Ken tu cky , and died unmarried.

William lived in Albemarle on Toti er. H e married Eli zabe th daughter of Jacoh M oon , a nd died in 1820. H is children were Ann, the wife of Peter Porter , who removed to Missouri, Mildred. th e w ife of James Thomas, Jane, the wife of Littleberry Moo n , and mother of Samuel O . Moon, Ma r y, Margaret, I sabel, the wife of H e nry Turner, and mother of t he venerable Will iam H. Turner , Elizabeth, the

•

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, HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

wife of Jesse Haden, Samuel-the last two emigrated to K entucky-and \Villiam.

William had his home in the vicinity of Scottsvi ll e, married Rebecca Estis, and died in 1832. His chi ldren were .Mary. the wife of Lain B. Jones, :M artha, the wife of John H. H enderson, James, and l\hrgaTet, the wife of l\Ioses Arnold. , J ames , the son of Dr. Arthur, was the accomplished phy· • sician who settled in Nelson County, and as already narrated, ". was basely murdered in 1803.

Mary, daughter of ~Iary Hopkins and Joseph Cabell, be came th e wife of John Breckinridge, then of Botetourt County, hut s ubsequently United States Senator from K entucky, and Mr. Jefferson's Attorney General. Mr. Cabell, who had bought the glebe of St. Anne's on the south fork of Totier, presented it to his daughter, and there ' Mr. Breckinridge made his residence from 1785 to 1793, when he removed to Kentucky. During that time he was a member of the Albemarle bar, and in 1792 in the interval between the resignation of the first John Nicholas, and the appointmen t of the second, as Clerk of the connty, he acted as Clerk pro {em.

His two eldest children were born in Albemarle. one of whom was the father of the Vice President.

HU DSON.

One of the earliest patentees of land in the wilds of A lbemarie was Charles Hud so n, of Hanover. His first entry was made in 1730 on the Hardware. below Carter's Bridge. It was for two thousand acres, and within the next three years he obtained gran t s fo r sixteen hundred more in the same locality. It embraced 1\'[ ount Air, which was one of the seats of the Hudson family for more than a hundred years.

The stream entering the south side of the Hardware below Mount Air. was former ly known as Hudson's Creek. Charles Hudson also took out a patent in 1735 for two thousand acres on Ivy Creek, southwest of Ivy Depot . which he sold two years later to the elder Michael Woods. It is a lmost certain he never lived ill Albemarle himself. He died in 1748 . a nd the executor of his estate was his son-i n-law, John Wingfie ld .

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

231

His wife was probably a Royall, and his children were \ViI¡ li am, John , Christopher, Mary, the wife of John \Vingfield, Elizabeth, the wife of Nicholas Johnson, Rebecc a , th e wife of Robert \Vathe n, Sarah, the wife of Richard Hollan d, and Ann, the wife of Joseph Lewis. In 1762 :\lary \Vingfi eld, s till living in Hanover, conveyed to her son Charles part of five hundred acres in Albemarle given her by her father, and named Prospect, where Charles was living at the time. This C harles was the forefather of most of the \Vingfields, who have since re~ided in the county.

John Hudson had his residence on the lower H ardware.

He died in 17 68 . He and his wife Ann had four children, Charles, J ohn, Christopher, and Mary, the wife of a Gaines.

Charles married J ane, daughter of Colonel Charles Lewis Jr. , of Buck I sland. Their daughter, l\[artha Eppes , was the wife of Tucker !o.Ioore \Voodson, who about 1804 removed to Kentucky. Charles Hudson seems not to have been prosperous in his affairs. In 1807 he ex...:hanged with Samuel Dyer the place on Hardware where he lived , for a tract of land in Barren County, Kentucky, to whi ch he probably removed.

J ohn, whose residence was on the Hardware, died in 180l.

His chi ldren were John, who died in 182 7, Charles, who died in 1837, and whose daughter Isaetta became the wife of Isaac R. Barksdale, Elizabeth, the wife of Charles A. Scott , Rebecca, the wife of William Hend erson, Sarah, Mary, the w ife of a Cobbs , and Ann Barber, the wife of John Henderâ&#x20AC;˘ son.

Christopher, the son of the fir st Charles, displayed more of the ability and thrift of hi s father than any ot her of hi s de scendants. At the time of his death, which took place in 1825, he was the possessor of more than five thousand acrt=s of land . He was appointed a magistrate in 1800, but four years after resig ned. His home was at ~Iount Air. He married Sarah, daughter of David Anderson, and his children were Elizabeth. th e wife of George Gilmer, am! Ann, the wife of William Tompkins. His grandson, Thoma s \V. Gilmer. had charge of the admini s tration of his large estate.

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

HUGHES.

Thomas Hughes, who came frOUl Buckingham, and lived on James River, died in 1779. His children were William, Moses, Mary, the wife of a Jude, and Rebecca, the wife of a Ball. \Villiam was a man of some prominence. He was acting as a magistrate of the county in 1783, and served as Sheriff in 1797. He and his wife Mary had five children, Rebecca, Robert. Jane , the wife of A lexander Fretwell, Hannah, the wife of Edward Thomas, and Sarah, the wife of Samuel Irvin. I-Ie died in 1813.

Stephen Hughes was a ian!e landholder near Charlottes ville at the time the town was establ ished. In 1764 he purchased from John Grill~ nearly a thousand acres on Moore's C reek, including the mouth of Biscuit Run. In June 1762 be bought from Colonel Richard Randolph, of Henrico, five hundred and fifty -eight acres lying mainly on the east side of the present S cottsville Road, and extending from the limits of the town beyond Moore's Creek; this tract, except a few acres, he sold ill 1765 to Creed Chi ldress, who the same year sold it to Nicholas Lewis. H is dwelling was not far from where the old Lyncbburg Road crosses Moore ' s Creek. He died in 1793. He was twice married, and his children were Stephen, Mary, the wife of James l\:Iayo, Edward, Sarah, and Letitia, the wife of Francis Taliaferro.

Stephen about 1810 built a mill on :M oore's Creek, which occupied the site of that which now belongs to Jesse L. Maury. He disposed of it to John \Vheeler. who in 1820 sold it to Reuben Maury and John M. Perry . Edward died about 1826. His wife waS Hlizabeth Chisholm, and his children Nanc y" Ma r y, Martha. Susan, Sarah, William and Jobn. Mary became the wife of \Vashington Chi les, who was for many years one of the cabinet makers of the town, and lived on the south side of Ma in Street, east of t h e Perley Building.

IRVIN.

Rev. William Irvin was one of the early Presbyterian ministers of the county. He received h is education in part at the school of Rev. John Todd in Louisa. He was received

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

233

by the Presbytery of Hanove r in 17 69, and settled as pastor of the Cove and Rockfish Churches in 1771. He married Elizabeth , daughter of Joseph H olt, who served in the Revolution as First Lieutenant iu the Fourth Virginia, and who purchased land from Colonel Charles Lewis on the Staunton Road west of Ivy Depot, where he resided unt il !794. Mr. Irvin bought part of this land from his father-in-law, but sold it in 1783, and the same year purchased from Charles Martin a farm on the south fork of Hardwa re, where J. Goulet Martin now lives, and where he made his home until his death in 1809. Hi s rel ation to Rockfish Church was dissolved in 1776, and he the n devoted h is time to preaching at the Cove , D. S., and Mountain Plains. In July 1793 his old preceptor, Rev. John Todd , met with a tragic death on his return from a meeting of Presbytery at the Cove. The road on the east side of Persi mmon Mountain passed then, a s it does still, alon?: th e bed of the South Hardwa re for a short distancE:; there the venerable mini ster was found, lying in the strea m with life extinct. Whether he was smitten with an apoplectic s troke, or whether hi s horse took fright. and starting sudden ly threw him, was not known. It is sa id , he wa s accustomed t o ride a spi rited horse.

Mr. Irvin had ten children, some of whom attained a degree of eminence in the world; Joseph Holt , Margaret.

Elizabeth, the wife of Dabney C. Gooch, Nancy, the wife of Thoma~ \V. Gooch, Sa rah , the wife of Robert Sangster, John, William W., James, Th omas and David. Joseph was ad路 mitted to the Albemarle bar in 1796, married Elizabeth, daughter of William Cole of North Garden, and died in 1805. leaving two daughters, one of whom, Susan, was married firs t to C olonel Thomas Wood, and was the mother of Dr. Alfred \Voou and Mrs. J eremiah A. Early, and secondly to John Fray. John lived on the old place, was a magistrate of the county, and died in 1828, leaving a number of chi l dren, all of whom removed to Campbell and Prin ce Edward Counties. William became a member of the Albemarle bar, but emigrated to Lancaster, Ohio, where be was appointed a Judge of the Supreme Court , and elected to Congress in

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

1828. Thomas joined his brother William in Ohio, and became Judge of the Lancaster Circuit. David was also a lawyer, received the appointment of Governor of \Visconsin T e rritory , and afterwards settled in Texas, where he was left by the war with only the shreds of a l arge fortune, and where he sbortly after died.

JAMESON.

The Jall1 esons were settled at an early day on Moorman's River, both above and below \Vhitehall. John Jam eson took out a patent for larl1 on the n orth side of that stream in 1741 , and Samuel, hi s brother or sou, OIl the branches of Spring Creek in 1747. In 1765 Samuel purchased the la nd in the old Woods Gap from Archibald \Voods, who had entered it in 1756. Hi s so n Alexander sold it in 1809 to David Stephenson, of Augusta. Sam uel died in 1788. H e and hi s wife J ean had nine children, four of whom were Alexander, Thomas, John and Samuel. Samuel Jr., died about 1805.

Hi s wife's naille was l\'largaret, and his children w ere Han n a h, the wife of \ViIliam Harris, Jane, the wife of William Maupin, Eli zabeth, the wife of a Harris, Catharine, the wife of Nathan Mills, Mary, the wife of Nehemiah Birckhead, \Villiam and Samuel. Some of the sons of this family were mighty hunters, as is manifest from their frequent reports of w路olf scalps to the County Court.

It is s upposed that Thomas Jam eson , who was a physician in busy practice in Charlottesville the early part of the century' was a scion of thi s stock . In 1806 he lived on the lot on which the family of J. J . Couner reside s at prese nt, and , whi ch he purchased from William G. Garner. In one of his conveyances it is described as being "on the upper street leading out to Jameson's Gap," that being evidently the name of what is now called Tnrk's Gap. He married Evalina, daughter of \Villiam Alcock, and sister of the second wife of John Kelly. In 1815 he sold his residence to Mr. Kelly, and it is believed emigrated to the West.

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

23 5

JAR lI1A N .

The first of the Jarm an name settl ed in the county wa s Th omas, who obtained a gra nt of land 011 Moorman's River in 17 62 . Hi s ch il dren were Elizabet h, the wife of Zachari ah 1hupin, Mary, the wife of Benajah Brown , \Villiall1 , Martha, the wi fe of Daniel Maupi n , Frances, the wife of John A. Mi chie, and James . Ja mes had his residence on the east side of the road in Brown's Cove, about a mile south of Doylesville. H e was appointed a magistrate in 1819, and was frequent ly employed iu the county bu<\iness of h is distr ict. He died in 1847, and was succeeded in the homestead by his so n, Miletus, who departed t his life in 1874.

W illi a m established him self in 1790 near the present Mechum's Depot. H e soon after built the mill at that place , wh ich was for many years known by his name , and on the site of which one ha s existed ever si nce. I n 1805 he and B righ tberry Bro wn undertook the construc ti on of Brown's Turnpike , beginning at a point ca ll ed t;amping R ock, crossing the Ridge at Brow n's Gap, descending th rough Brown's Cove. and terminating at Mechum's Depot. A formal accept ance of it took place the next year by Commis ~ ioners appointed from bot h s ides of the mountain. William J arm a n died ill 18 13. H e married Sarah, daughter of J ohn Maupi n, and had five sons and six daughters. I n 1819 J ames, his el dest sou, sol d his half of the Turnpike to [ ra H arris fo r one hundred dollars. H is son Thomas bought the land on the s umm it of the Ridge at the old \-Voods Gap, and since his purchase the Gap has gen~rally gone by his name. H is daughter Mary beca me the wife of the younger Wi ll iam â&#x20AC;˘ Woods, of Beaver Creek, and mother of Peter A. Woods, formerly oue of the merchants of Charlottesville.

J EFFERSON.

Pete r J effe rson , the father of the Preside nt, wa s a native of Chesterfie ld, and removed to t he present limits of A lbem arle in 1737. H e entered the wilderness l itera ll y, as when be fir s t came th ere were but three or four persons living in the neighborh ood. H is first e ntry wa s that of a thousand

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HISTOR\' OF ALBEMAR LE

acres on the south side of the Rivanua, between Monticell o ),l ountain and the Henderso n land above Milton. \Vi sh iug a m ore eligible site for his house, he bough t from h is friend \V ill iam Randolph, of Tu ckahoe, the Shadwe ll tract of four hundred acres, where his distinguished s ao was born. H e bad bee n a m agistrate and S he r iff in Gooch land, and when Al be m arle was formed, wa s oue of its original mag istrates, and its Li e ute nant Colonel. H e also rep resented the cou nty in the H ouse of Burgesses. H e was employed with Colon el 1 0s hua Fry to fUll th e boundary l ine between Virginia and North Carolina, and to make the 6rst lUap of Virginia ever drafted. \Vhe ll \Villiam Rand olph died in 1747 , leavi ng a so n of teoder age, he co mm itted h im to )oir. J effe rson's care, and more effi ciently to discharge this trust Mr. J eff er son re m oved to Tuckahoe, where he resided se ve n y ears. Th is ci rc um st a nce explains the difficulty in )'Ir . \Vaddell's m ind, when in his Ann als of Augus ta County, he wondered how T homas L e w is and his friends, wh o had gone to Mr. J effe r so n 's to make a map of th e su rv ey of the Nort he rn Neck line, could ride from h is house to R ich moud t o hea r prea ching on Su nday. H e retu rned to Al bem arle in 17 55, and died in 1757 . Hi s wi fe wa s Jane, daughter of I sha m Randol ph, of Dunge ness , and h is c hildre n J a ne, wh o died unma r ried, T homas, Ran do lph , Mary, the wife of Th omas Bollill~ , Martha, the wife of Dabney Carr, Lucy, the wife of Charles Li lburn Lewis, and Ann , the wife of Hastings Marks.

Th o mas was born in 17<J3, marri ed in 1771 Ma rth a, daugb路 ter of J ohn \Vayles, of Charles City, and widow of Bathurst Skelt on, and died July 4, 1826. H e had two daug-bte r s, Martha. the wife of Governor Th omas Mann Ra ndolph , and Ma ry, the wi fe of J ohu W. Eppes. He wa s one of the largest lan dholders in the cou uty. bein g a ssessed ill 1820 with fo ur thou sand eight hun dred a nd nine ty-nine a cres. Soo n afte r attaining his majority, he was appoi nted a magi s trate o f the count y. and at the first sess ion of th e County Court after hi s decease, the fo llowing me moria l wa s e ntered upon its records: "As a testimonial of respec t for the memory of Thomas J efferson, who devo ted a long life to the servi ce o f his cou n.

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try, the principl es of liberty, and th e happiness of mankind; who aided conspicuously in thecause of the American Revoluti on; who drafted the D~claration of the principles, on which the In dependence of these States was declared; who unifo r m y exerted his great talents to aid both the civil and religious liherties of his countryme n . and by whose practical administration of the principles he had promulgated in many stations, legislative, diplomatic and executive, in which he ha d acted as a pu blic functionary, the equa l rights of his countrymen were promoted , and secured at home and abroad; who, uuiting to a native: benevolence a cultivated philan thro py, was pec uliarly endeared to his countrymen and n eighbors, who were witnesses of his virtue: Reso lved therefore that thi<; tes timonial be recorded as a perpetual memorial of respect and affection of his count rymen, and of the Court of Albemarle, of which he was once a mem be r ; and Resolved that this Court and its officers, as a testimony of public respect, will wear crape on the left arm for thirty days, and will now adjourn."

Randolph J efferson in 1781 married Ann. daughter of Charles Lewis Jr , of Bu ck Island. He had his residence in Fluvanna Connty. H e had two sons. Thomas and Isham R. Thomas was twice marri ed , first to his cOllsin Mary R . , danghter of Charles L ilburn Lewis , and secocd ly in 1858 to Mrs. Elizabeth Barker, daughter of Henry Siegfried. H is children were Peter Field and Robert L Peter Field lived in Scottsville, and by his shrewdness and frugality amassed a large fortune. H e di ed in 1861, leaving a son bearing his own name , and a daughter, the wife of Peter Foland. Peter Field Jr., died in 1867. Robert L . married Elizabeth, daugbter o f Robert :'100nnan, lived near Porter's Precinct, and died in 1853 . His children were Eldridge, who lived in the same section of the county till after the war, and Mary, the wi fe o f Albert \V. Gantt.

A story is t old of Randolph. that one day he came to his hrother to unbnrden his mind of a weighty idea tbat had st ruck bim, a n d announced himself thus: " Tom , I ' ll tell you

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how to keep the squirre ls from pillaging the corn. YOll see they always get on the outside row. Well then, don't plant any outside Taw " -which, if tru e , well illustrates a reflection of ~Iiss Sarah Randolph, "It is curious to remark the unequal distribution of talent in this family, each gifted member seem路 iug to have been made so at the expense of Oll! of the others."

A Thomas Jeffe rson, who in the first days of the co unty was one of its deputy Surveyo rs, was no doubt a brother of Peter , the President's father.

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JONES.

Many pers ons named Jones have lived in Albemarle.

Orla udo Jones a ppears at the earliest date. In 1760 be bough t four hundred acres frolU John Scott , and fourteen years later four hundred more from Joseph Anthony, bo th tracts being on the wate rs of Totler. It was unquestiona b ly at his place that Major Anbury, and others of the Saratoga prisoners, were qu a rtered, while in the county; and th ere is a'i little ques路 tion that it is the same place near Glendower, that was recently occ up ied by the late R. J. L ecky. Jones married as his sec路 ond w ife Eliza beth Clayton, sister of Edith, wife of Rev. Ch a rles Clay, and daughter or niece of John Clayton, the celebrated botani st of Virginia. H e died in 1793. HiS' w idow wa s su bsequently married to \Villiam \Valker, and his so n, L a in , s ucceeded to the homestead, which then went by the nam e of Mount Gallant. In 1800 Lain was the bearer of a c hall e nge fr o m G eorge Carter to Jam es Lewis, and togethe r with hi s prin cipal wa s placed under bonds. H e died in 1805 , leavin g three sons. Orlando, L ain B., and \Villiam.

La in B. in 1825 married io.hr y, daugbter of Captain William Hopkin s. His mode of living led to the incumbering of his es tate, and in 182 4 it was sold under a deed of trust to John N e il so n , one of th e builders of the Unive rsity. When after the death of N ei ls on the place was sold by Andrew 路 L ei tch, bi s execut or . it was purcha sed by Jam es J ones, a gentleman of con s id e rable wea lth. He made it his residence until his death in 1838. He and his wife Margaret had s ix children, James. W illiam, Ann, Sarah, Lucy, the wife of a Mose ley,

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239

and Virginia. The next year the plantation was sold to John H. Coleman and Dr. Samue l \V. Tompkins.

In 17 62 a Jame s Jones bought eight hundred acres from Joseph Anthony at the northeast corner of Dudley's ~10un· tain. His home was on the old Lynchburg Road, and Jones's S till House, and J ones's Branch constantly occur in the early records as marking the lines of the road precincts.

He had a son, James Jr., who liven. on part of the estate.

It is believed that Allen J ones. who resided in the same vicinity, was also a descendant. Allen married Nancy, daughter of John Carr. In 1821 he was doesirous of remov· ing South. and advertised his place for sale. H e finally sold in 1833 to John H. Maddox, and presumably accomplished bis purpose.

In 1765, John J ones, of Louisa. bought from Henry T er· rell more than eight hundred acres adjoin ing Batesville, and incJuuing Castle Mountain. During the next eight years he purchased from \Villiam Garrett upwards of thirteen hundred in North Garden, on the northside of Tom's Mountain.

H e sold in 1778 a thousand and eIghty-one acres of that lying east of Israel's Gap to \Villiam Cole, of Charles City, and a portion of that ly ing west to Robert Field in 1782.

He died' in 1793. His wife's name was Frances, and his SOll John in 1806 married Elizabeth, daughter of Daniel White.

The son's home was on Beaver Creek, where his grandson, James Rea, now resides, and he died in 1868. His children were Nancy, the wife of \VilJiam \Voods, Mary, the wife of Thomas Grayson, Elizabeth, the wife of Bland Rea, and Sa rah Jane, the wife of John 1\<1. Godwin.

Thomas Jones. who com me nced bis purchase of land in 1767, became the owner of more than twelve hundred acres on Blue Run, and the Orange line. The most of it was acquired from Thoma ~ Garth, and his son John. Jones sold the larger portion of it to Francis Gray. He died in 1799.

Later appeared on the scene John R. Jones, a name well remembered by many. Perhaps no man in the county ever led a more energetic and industrious life. He was at first connected in business with his brother · in·law, Nimrod

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Brambam, with wbom he subseq uent ly entered in t o pa rtne r ship This was dissolveci in 1821, when Mr. Jones became a merc hant all his OW11 acco unt. In 1819 he was appointed a ma gis trate, and was acti\'e iu performing the duties of th at office. I-Ie was constant ly called upon to act as trustee. or administrator, ill managing the affai r s of othe rs. Par路 ticularly as trustee of Edm und An der son, he took charge of his property in tbis county in 1829, and so ld off the remaining lots in Ande rs on 's Addition to Charlottesvi lle. H e was th e first President of the Branch of the Farmers ' Bank of Virginia established in Atbemarle. In 18 14 he purc b ased the squa re west of the Baptist Churc h , and built the brick mansion which w as some tim e hi s residence. In his latte r years be wa s embarrassed by financial tro ub les , and died in 1868. Hi s w ife was Gilly ~hrshal1, a nd hi s children William, the fatber of R ev. J. \Vill ia m Jones, Dr. James L., Gen. John M .. who fe ll in 1864 at Spotsylvania C . H. , Tho mas, Ma r y, the wife of Jam es ~l. Daniel , A r iadne, the wife of T . THill, Georg-ian a and Gi lly.

St ill late r Dr. Basil J Ol1es, the fatber of Jam es D. and Major Hora ce, wa s for a tim e a ci ti zen of Charlottesvi lle.

JOUET'I'.

Among the ea rlies t entries on th e Court records of Albe marle in 1745, is a notice of th e death of ) Iatthew Jou ett , and the appointment of J ohn :\[oore as h is exec utor. I t can scarcely be doubted that John Jouett , who w as for many ye ars a prominent citizen of Cha rl ottesvi ll e. was a so n of this :-'lalthew. I n 1773 J oh u purc h ased fro Ul John Moore one huudred acres adjoiui ng th e tOW I1 on th e east and north , a n d at that time 1110st likely erec ted the Sw an T avern, of famo u s memory. Three yea r s later he bought from the s ame gent leman three hundred acres so uth of the tOWll, iucluding- t he mill now owned by H artman. i n 17 90 he laid out H igh Street, with the row of lots on eit be r side, and by an act of the Legislature they were vest ed in trustees to sell at a u ct ion , after givillg three weeks' notice in the Virginia Ga zette. H e kept the Swa n uutil hi s death io 1802. In the Cenlril l Ga-

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zette of Octobe r 8th, 1824, there appeared an earnest appeal to the citiz ens of Charlottesville to erect a stone over his g ra ve, but the voice died away unheeded, and the grave is Il OW un k nown. At the time of his death, and for many years after, â&#x20AC;˘ no public place of burial in the town existed . According to the custom of that day, be was most probably buried in tbe yard in the rear of his house, and his remains lie somewhere in the s quare on which the old Town Hall is situated. His wife was '\i ourning, daughter of Robert H arris. of Brown 's Cove, and his children Matthew , J ohn, Robert , )Iargaret, the wife of Xathan Crawford, ) l ary, the wife of T homas Allen, Frances, tbe w ife of Menan ).,I ills, E l izabeth, the wife of Clifton Rodes, Charles, and Susan, the wife of Thomas C. Fl etcher.

Matthew was a Captain in the Revolutionary army, and fell in the batt le of Brandywine. John succeeded his fa ther in conducting t he S wan, but shortly after removed to Bath County, Kentuck y. H is wife was Sarah Robards, a sister of th e fir st husband of President Ja ckso n's wife. Robert was also a Captain i n the war of the Revolution , and afterwards a member of the Albemarle bar. H e owned and res ided on the lot on the Squa re wh ere th e Saunde rs H ouse now stan ds.

H e died in 1796 , leaving a daughter Alice , who became the wife of James \V_ Bouldin, of Charlotte County. S he and her husband in 1818 conveyed t his lot, and the square on High S treet on wh ich Dr. Hu gh Kelso n lives, t o J ohn \Vinn.

Charles Jouett removed to the \Vest. In the latte r part of 1804 he was in Detroit, bu t whether he settled there is n ot known. H is fatber d e vis~d to him the tract of laud south of Charlottesville, and in 18 13 h e a nd his wife S usan conveyed it to \Villiam D. Mer iw et her. Thi s explains why the mill was known as Meriwether's fo r many years. '\l ost of the dau g hters removed with th eir husbands to Kentucky.

The general tradi t io n about Charlottesville has a lway s been, that it was John Jouett S r. who performed the exploit of outstripping Tarlet on, and apprising Mr. Jefferson and the Legisl ature of his a pproach in 17 81. It was supposed that the appeal for a monum ent to ht. raised t o his memory al- 16

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HISTQkY OF ALBEMARLE

ready alluded to, was ba sed upon the recognition of the splendid act, by whi ch he honored the town of hi s residence. and conferred one of the greatest bene fits on the State and count r y; but unfortunately the file of pa pt:!rs which co ntained the appeal, was consumed in 189 5 by the 'fire at the University where it was deposited. It ba s recently been learned from T homas M. Green , of K entucky , that the descendants of the family residing in that State, cl aim that the bold and oppor tune ride fro III Louisa C . H. was made by J ohn Jouett Jr., that the L egis lat ure of Yirginia presented hi m with a sword in com memoration of the deed, and that t he sw ord still remains in the family as a testimonial of the fac t. If the sword was given by the L egis lature, the act, or resolution, direct ing the prest:!I1 tation ought to appear in its pro路 ceedings; but H ening's Sta tutes for the period have bee n sea rched fo r it in vain. As th e fathe r an d son bore the same name, might it n ot be t hat the ac hieve ment belonged to the father, and the s word of acknow ledgment descended by gift or in heritance to the son?

K EL L Y.

J ohn K elly was already engaged in business in Charlottesville under th e firm of J ohn K elly & Co. in 1795. He had previollsly been a cit iz.e n of L ancaste r County, Virginia, and from that COUllty was accompanied by his first wife, Sarah Xorris, the daughte r of bis u ncle. She died a few years after, and in 1802 he married :'Ilary, daughter of \Villiam Alcock.

For many years he transacted busiuess as a merchant with great sl1cct:~s. Ahout the beginning of the century, he receivert into partnership hi s nephew, Opie Norris, of Lanca~h.:r, who married his daughter Cynthia.

His other daugh ter, Eliza, became the wife of Dr. J ohu C. Ragland. In 1803 he purchased from lIud soll Martin L o t No. T hree, on the west ('or 'leT of Fifth Street and the Square. where his store was located. In H!l-l he b0l1g1:t from John Kicholas , who then resigned th>.! COllnty Clerkship, four hundred and forty acres . eXlending frolll near the western bou ndary of the town across Preston H eights to Meadow Cree k .' I n 1816 he gave to M rs.

Xorris Lot No. Four, running: froUl J efferson Street to the

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

243

old People'sBank, which he had acquired in 1809 from Edward Butler , and to Mrs. Ragland the north half of L ot Fifty-Nine, and Lot Sixty, at present occupied by the family of J. J . Connor, and Dr. Joseph Norris. In 1821 he contemplated removing to another part of the country. and adverti sed for sale his land west of the town; and in I8N be sold to Rev. J o hn D. Paxton thirty-three acres on the north side of University Street, reaching from Harris 's \Varehouse to the Junction.

I u 1828 he purchased from Rice \Vood the property on Park Street. where he built the large brick in ? .. hich he re sided till his death. and which his widow occupied till her dea t h during the war. Mr. Kelly was often employed in the general affairs ot the town, discharging many responsibilities as administrator I trustee , and offices of a si milar k ind. H e was a man of earnest piety, assis ting in the founding of the South Plains Pre sbyteria n Church, in which he was a ruling elder, and in the erection ot the old Presbyterian house of worship in town. H e died in Staunton in 1830, on his way to or from the Virginia Springs.

His son - in - law, Dr . Raglanc:. , died in 1821. He was exceedingly popular both as a man, and as a physician. His death was greatly lament ed, and hi~ remains were followed by a large concourse of friends and Masons to the family burying ground in Loui sa . Four or five physicians at once settled in Charlottesville, to fill the gap occasioned by his decease.

His widow was some years after married to Talbot Bragg, and subsequently removed with him and her children to .Mis. sonTi. Opie Norris, his other son-in-law, was an enterprising and prosperous man. He was concerned in many other engage ments, in addition to his stated business as a merchant. For many years he was one of the town trustees, sometimes acting as their president. In 1819 he was appointed a magistrate of the county, and filled the office with much dilige nce.

He was S ecretary and Treasurer of the Rivanna and Rockfish Gap Turnpike Co., and awarded the contracts for the construction of that road: At one time he owned the Swa n, and half of the Eagle T avern . With Dr. Charles Everett he

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

was largely interested in the real est ate of Anderson's Addition to th e tOWD. He departed this life in 1839 .

KERR .

James K err, an emigrant from Scotland, came to the co unty about 1762, and soon after b ought a small place at the head of I vy Creek. He subsequently leased the present Bi rdwood plantation, in 1773 purcbased it fr om t he t r us tees of J oh n Dabney , and made it his res idence for twenty-seve n years.

During this time he became a man of no little note and consideration in the co mmunity. 'X'hen the records mad e a seco nd beginning in 1783, he was o ne of the acting magistrates, a nd frequent ly partic ipated in the deliberation s of the Connty Court. H e was appointed S h eriff in 1793. H e was a ruling elde r in the D. S. Church. In 1800 he sold the Birdwood p la ce to H ore Brouse Tri st. a nd bought from M ic hae l \Voods, son of Colonel J ohu, a farm on l\'l echum' s Ri ver, not far above the Depot of that n a me . From in creasing age, or b eca use of th e dista nce from the county seat, h e too k no further part in public business. In 1808 he so ld his property to J ames Kin so lving S r ., and rem oved to Kentucky. After the death of Sa rah , h is fir s t wife, be married S usa n , widow of David Rodes. This union w as a brief one . as M rs'. Kerr died in 1798. S he left a will, which for want of proof was n ot recorded ; anrl it was not till 1826 that it was sent to Geo rgeto wn, Ky., to procure the depos itions of William Rodes. and Milton a nd R odes Burch , t o prove th e bandwriting of David Kerr, a deceased witness to the document.

Th e ch ildren of J ames Kerr, as far as kn own , were Jam es , J ohn Rice, David , Mary, the wi fe of Sam uel Burch, and Elizabeth, th e wife of Josep h J. Monroe, a brother of the President.

Jam es seems to have been a you n g man of tact and sprightliness. hutor prodiga l life. H e o nce owned th e lots on whi ch the Fari sh Hou se, and the old Presbyterian Church, now s tand . H e d ied in Richmond in 1788, leaving a short will written in a light . sce pti ca l ton e; a nd when it was presented for proba te, until his father gave his co nsent, his brother magistrates declined admitting it to record. John Ri ce was adm it ted to the Albemarle ba r , but appea rs not to have prac-

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tised. In 1807 he was appointed a magistrate, and with his fath er s~rved as an elder in the D. S. Church. He married Sarah, daughter of Bennett Hender so n , and lived for a time on the south side of the Staunton Road, where it cross es Ivy Creek, on land that be longed to his brother-in-law, Samuel Burch. H e accompanied . or followed, bis father to Kentl1cky, and there eutereu the Presbyterian ministry. A son named for Andrew H art lived near Memphis, T enn., and was Moderator of the Southern General Assembly, when it convened in th at city in 1868. David Kerr married Dorothy. daughter of th e elder Clifton Rodes, and by many years preceded the rest of his family in removing to Kentucky.

KEY.

John Key was one of the pioneers who fixed their abodes within the present lim its of the county. He made his first entry of land in 1732, and up to 1741 bad obtained patents for nearly twelve hun dred acres on the west side of the South \Vest Mountain. His home was where William \V. ~..-lino r now reside s. His children were Martin, John, and J\Iary , the wife of a Dalton. Martin succeeded to the home and estate of hi s father, and by repeated purcQases became the owne r of all the land reaching from Edgemont , the place of the late Henry .:\1agrllder, down to the bend of the river on the farm of the late R. F. Omohundro. He died in 1791.

He and his wife Ann had twelve children, Thomas, John-;Martin , Tandy , Joshua, 'W illiam Bibb, Hemy, Jesse, James, Walter, Elizabeth, the wife of James Daniel, and Martha. the wife of John \Vbite. Each of the sons was comfortably provided for by their father's will, though intimations are there given that the habits of some uufitted them for the proper management of their affairs.

Within the first score of years in the present century. the members of this household 路were for the most part scattered over the South aud \Vest. Thomas removed to South Carolina, where he invented some contrivance for the more effective action of water wheels. The families of John , James and Martha emigrated to Kentucky and Tennessee , and that of Elizabeth, to North Carol in a. Tandy lived for many years

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H I STOR Y OF A LBJ!;\I AR LE

in the sOll t he rn pa rt of t he cou nty nea r Coves ville , but is said to ba\-e removed eve ntua ll y to Fl u van na Cou u ty . J esse p ", a son of Tand y . married Sa r ah, daughte r of the y ou nger \Vi ll ia m Woods, o f Beaver Creek , and li ved for s o m e t ime near ~l ec h um ' s Depot. W illiam Bibb m a rried Mourn in g, daughte r of C hri s topher Cl ar k , and we nt t o El bert County , G eorgia . Hemy settled in Bedford Cou nt y , a nd J esse died in Richmond in 182 6 . \V al te r appears to h a \" e been the on ly one who spent hi s whole life in the co unty , a nd h is d eat h occurred in 1834. Jo h n. T andy an d J oshu a were all magis t rates o f th e county , and \Valter w as appointed to the offi ce, but declined to acce pt. Joh n served as She riff in 17 95 , and T and y in 1809. J ohn was a n Ensign in the Ei g hth Virg inia, and H e nry a so ldi er in the a r m y of the Revolut ion.

K I N K E AD.

The Kinkeads w ere ea rl y sett le r s in the weste rn part o f the co unty. A s far a s ca n b e mad e out , the re we re three brothe rs of t he na me , Da v id , Jose pb a nd J a mes . In 17 46 Da vid pa ten ted nea r ly eig ht h und r ed acr es on t he north fo rk of Roc kfi s h, a nd t he ne xt yea r fo ur hund red m ore on Stoc k ton 's Cree k. By ent r y and p urc h ase t oget her , the fa m ily couuecti o n bec ame the ow n er s of not fa r fro m three thou s and ac res in t h a t v icinity . J ose ph, J a m es and J ohu, probab ly t he so n o f J oseph, a p pea r as s u bscribe rs to t he ca ll of Rev. S amuel Bla ck in 1747 . T he h omes of J osep b a nd J a mes we re s ituated a bou t half a m ile wes t o f Imm a n uel C hurc h , 011 th e place now o wned by Rev. D abney D a vis .

AI1 o ld gra veyard , a fe w hu nd red yards s out h of Mr. Davi s' s hou se, is sti ll kn ow n in the neig hborhood as t he K in kead b urying ground ; a broke n down w a ll, and a few rou g h stones , are a ll that mark the s pot . J ames died in t 762 , leav ing t hree so ns , Thoma s , J o hn and J ames , a nd proba bl y t wo m ore , Matth e w and And re w, and a daughte r, t h e wife o f Ni u ian Clyde.

J ose ph died in 1774. H is c hild re n we re J ea n, t he wife o f H ug h Al ex a nde r, Johu, a nd R uth , t he wi fe o f An d rew Grier .

H ug h Ale xande r h ad a mi ll , w h ich at o ne time was a noted centre in that sect ion; roads were m ade to it from e ver y q ua rte r. It was bui lt a ll Stock to n'S C ree k , not far fr oUl t h e fo ot o f

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

247

the hill west of Hillsboro. In subseque nt years it was known as Keyes's, and sti ll later as Hum phrey's Mill. It is supposed Andrew Grier was one of the early merchants o[ that v icinity.

H e was the owner- of nearly six hundred acres adjoining Yellow Mountain . which, lik ely in liquidation of his debts, he conveyed in 1766 to J eremiah Parker and Richard Warden, mercha n ts of Philadelph ia. In the course of years part of thi s land passed into the hands of J ohn Lobban Jr., a n d part into the hands of Dr. Peter B. Bowen. A granrlsonof Joseph Kink ead married a daughter of Adam Dean. another early settler on Stockton 's Creek, and in December 1898, there died in Greenbrier County, Adam Dean Kinkead, doubtless their son, at the age of ninety-two. All of the kindren bearing t he name, seem to have removed from the county before the close of the last century. It s latest appearance on the records occurs in 178-1-, when J ea n, the widow of J ames, sold t o Abner \Vood a parcel of land in what is known as the P iper and Patrick neighborhood. She was at that time a resident of Rockbridge County. In the Black call the name is spelled Kincaid.

KINSOLV I NG.

I n 1788 J ames Kinsolving began to purcha se land near Mech um' s R ive r Depot. The name was various ly written in t he ear ly records, Consolver , Kingsolave r , Kinsolving. At that date a Martin Kin solving lived nea r the Burnt Mills.

James Kil1 solving was s uccessful in his business pursuits, and a t the time 01 his death in 1829 owned upwards of fourteen hundred acres on both sides of l\lecbum's River. Hi s home was near the Depot. and bore the name of T emple Hill.

H e and his wife Elizabeth were the parents of twelve chi ldren, George \V., Diana. )'1ary, Ann, Elizabeth, J efferson, Lu cy Ja tle, Madi s'On, Napo leon, James, 1I1artha and Amanda.

None bearing th is name have for years been resident in the county, but it has attained a high distinction in the annals of the Episcopal Church.

George \V. marr ied Nancy, danghte r of J onathan Barksd a le. For some time previous to 1822 he was the proprietor of t he Central H ote l in Charlottesville, but in that year he

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retired to his fa rm near )'lec: hum 's Depot. I n 1830 h e was appoin ted Colonel of the Forly -Seve nth Regi m e n t. H e W :lS an earnest Episcopalian, and a vestr yman in t he North Garden Church. H e died ill 18j6, leaving one so u a nd l:e\'en daughters. The te ud e ncy in t he fa m ily to re m ark ab le DBmes was especially apparent ill h is h ou se hol d . Ili s son, Ovid Al exa nder, became au Episco pal cler gy m a n , and pa ssed hi s ministeria l life mainly nea r Leesburg and Da uville . \"3. Three of bi s SallS e ntered the Episco pa llllin isl ry , George H erbert, Bi s hop of \\' es tern T exas. A rthur Ba rks d a le. a prominent rector in Brooklyn, N. Y., and L ucie n L ee , recently co nsec rated Bishop of Brazil. T be !la llI es of th e s e"en daugbters were selected w it h a view t o h a ving V as t he ini t ia l, and A as the fina l lett e r Vi r g in ia, t he w ife of Willi a m A. Abney, Vie n na, t he w ife o f \Vi ll ialll C. F retwell . Ve tllri a, the w ife of T homas Cla rk , Volus ia, Vero na, Verbelilla. and Vermelia Diana was the wifeof C lifton Ga rl a n d J r. , and a g ra n dso n of bers was Rev. Howard McQuary, w ho, beca u se of b is extreme views on E vo lu t ion, was a fe w years ago deposed from th e Episcopa l m inistry by t he B is hop of ~orthe rn Ohio. ~Iary wa s the wife of J a m es \V. L e igh, An u . t he wi fe of William B . \Vood , and re m oved to W asbi ng ton Couuty, Illinoi s , Eli za beth, t he w ife o f \Vi ll ia m 1\1. Brand e r , a ud ~ f artha > the w ife of Re u be n \Vood. Lucy J a ne was t wice marrit!d , fir~t to A c hill es Barksda le. and secondly to Vale nt ine Head ~ [a disa n married America. daughter of P hi l ip Watts. Jam -:''5 married ;\Iargaret, daughter of A ndrew Brown . of ~arth Garden, and made his home for many yea rs near the Cross Roads. lI e became a Baptist minis ter, was Treasurer of tbe County Sc hoo l COlllmiss ioner s , a nd about IH35 emigrated to western Ke ntucky. Mos t of t he ch il dre n of th is fami ly finally removed to Kent u ck y. or Mi ss is•

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SIPPI.

Tht:: Lcakes have hee n domiciled in t be count y si nce its formation Walter Leake Jr.. patented land o n the soutb fork of lI ardw~trc in 174 6, and John on Gree n Creek in 1748.

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It is believed these two were brothers . Data tor accu rately tracing the early relations of this family are wanting, but it is probable that J ohn L eake a nd h is wife Ann were the parents of Samuel and Mask. Samuel was one of the first Presbyterian ministers, who were natives of Virginia. I n 1770 he was installed pastor of the Cove and D. S. Churches, and his home was four or five miles northeast of Covesville. H e died young in 1775. H e and h is wife Elizabeth had three children , Elizabeth , the first wife of Andrew Hart , Sarah, the wife of Rev. J ames Robinson, oue of Mr Leake's Sllcces路 so rs in the Cove pastorate, and Mary. H is widow died in 1799.

Mask Leake lived in the same section of the co unty, not far from t he South Garden Thoroughfa re. He was a ruling elder in the Cove Church, and frequently represented it in the Pr(.!shyte ry of H anover. H e died in 1813. H is wife was Patience Morris, and his children William, \Valte r, Austin, Samuel, and Lucy, the wife of John Buster. \Villiam succeeded his father at the homestead, and died in 1833 . He and his wife Caroline had five childre n , Elizabeth, the wife of an Anderson, Samuel , \Valter, William :\L, and J osiah.

Walter, ~.;on of Mask, was deputy Surveyor of the county in 17 84, a nd was admi t ted to th e A lbemarle bar in 1793. It is believed he was the \Valter Leake ,.... ho emigrated to Mississ ippi , and rose to prominence in the lega l and politica l affairs of that State. He was elected United States Senator in 1817, and resigning soon after wa s appointed to the State bench.

H e died in H inds County in 1825. Austin was al so a member of the Albemarle bar, and died before his father, leaving two sons, Josepb and Pbilip Jefferso n. Samuf'l, son of Mask, was a pbysician , and practised in the southern part of the county, and also in Nelson. His wife was Sophia, a danghtero[ Richard Farrar, and his chi ldren \Vi lli am , Philip, Samuel, Shelton F ., Eliza, and Lucy, the wife of Addison Gentry, who a t oue time conducted a sc hool for young ladies near H illshoro. The career of Shel t on F. is well known, not only in the county, but in the State. H is natural gifts were unusually brilliant. He settled in Charlottesville, was

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admitt ed to tbe bar in 1838, easi ly attained a place in it~ front rank, was a member of the Hou se of Delegates, was Lieutenant Go\'ernor of the State, and for a term represe nted the dist rict in Congress. H e married Rebecca Gray, and departed this life in 1884. S amuel in 1836 111arried M. A. Boyd of the Cove neighborhood, and fini s h ed his cou rse a few years ago near H illsboro, where hi s son \Vill iam now resides.

LEV\'.

In 1836 Uriah P. Levy, Commodo re of the U nited States Kavy, became a citize n of Albemarle by the purchase of :Molltice ll o. H e bought the place from J a mes T. Ba rclay, It is com mo nly und erstood, that it was owing to hi s e xalted estimation of )OIr. J efferson's po litica l wi sdo m and conduct he was led to become the possessor of his home, and th ereby to identify his n ame with that of the Pre sident. H e died in 1862 , and hav ing no family of his own , and cherishi ng the desire to make the place a pe rmanent memorial of the great s tatesman, the Commodo re devised 1'.Ionticello to the U nit ed States as a Hospital for the worn'out tars of the navy; and t hat arrangement fai ling, to the Sta te of Vi rginia, to be used as a sort of naval school. By the decisions of the courts, both dispositions were declared invalid. During the Civil \Var the property was confiscated . It was pla ced for the t ime in the ha nd s of ca re -t akers, who took no ca re of it furt her than to extort as la rge grat uiti es a~ poss ib le from those who !Still reso rted to it from admirat ion of its former p resid, ing ge niu s. The whole establishment was greatly injured, and the monument in its burial pl ace , by the chippi ng of rel ic hunters, was l itera ll y reduced to a shape less b loc k. \\,hcn publ ic affairs resu med their us ual cou rse, the Commodore's nephew, Jefferson 1\[. Levy, of New York, purchased th(: interests of the other heirs , and d e \Tote~ himself to the improvement of th e estate.

Congress also hand some ly enclosed the cemetery, and erec ted :I. noble s haft to Jefferson's memory. Fill ed with the sp irit of hi s distingtlished kinsman, ;\ lr. Levy has bee n at lllu ch pains and expense to rcs tOf(! things to the sa me co nditio n in whic h l\Ir. J efferson

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left them; and appreciating the se ntiment whic h impels multitud es to visit it as a place of pilgrimage. he allows them entire fr eedo m in repairing to the spot, a nd surveying its interes ting scenes .

LEWIS .

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families named Lewis, apparently not rela ted, have lived in Albemarle . T he first of the name entering lands wi t h in its present limits was Charles. of Goochland : w~lO in 17 31 obtained a patent for twelve hundred acrt!S on both sides of the Rivanna. at the mouth of Buck Island. He a lso entered nearly three thousand acres in the Ri ch Cove. As nearly as can be ascertained. this Charles was the son of " John Lewis and Isabel \Varner. I n 1717 he married Mary Howell, and his chi ldren were J ohn, Charlt!s, Elizabeth, the wife of William Ken non, James, Mary, Howell and Ann. His home was the place that has since borne the name of Monteagle. To hi s son, Charles, he transferred his land on Buck Island in 1766, the son reconveyi ng it to his father and mother , and the survivor, for life. Ch arles Jr., purcha sed, chiefly froUl his cousin Robert Lewi s, more than eighteen acres on the north fork of the Hardware, including what is no w Red Hill Depot, which he gave to his son, Is ham. He died in 1782. His wife was rotary, daugh t er of I sha m Randolph. ' of DtlUgeness, a nd sister of Peter J efferson's wife, and his children were Charles Lilburn , I s ham , Mary, t he wife first of Colonel Charl es L ewis, of North Garden, and secondly of Charles Wingfield J r., J ane, the wife of Charles Hud son, Eliz abeth, the wife of Bennett Henderson, Ann, the wife of Ra ndolph Jefferson, Frances, the second wife of John Thomas, and Mildred, the wife of Edward Moore.

I sham Lewis died unmarried in 1790, leaving his estate to his two nephews, John Lewis Moore and Charles L ewis Thomas.

Charles , Lilburn married Lucy J efferson, siste r of the Pre sident, and his children were Rand olph, I sham, Lilburn, Jane, the wife; of Craven Peyton, Mary R., the wife of Thoma s J efferson Jr., Lucy, the wife of Wa shington Griffin, Martha and Ann M. Randolph lived on his plantation, BL1ck I sla nd, on the n orth side of the Rivanna, but in 1805 sold it to Dav id Michie, and ~

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HI STOR Y O F ALBEMARLE

m oved to Gooc hlan d. L ilburn also lived on the n ort h si de of th e ri\"e r , a ud in 1806 disposed of h is pl ace to H ugh Ne l 5011.

Hi s w ife was J ane \Vood so u, by whom be had fi ve children, amo ng the m Mary H ., the wife of Cha rles P almer, and m othe r of Dr. \Villiam Palmer. the compiler of t he Ca l endar of the State P apers of Virginia. A ll the daughters of Charl es L ilburu L e wi s except Jane a n d Mary, emigr ated t o L ivings to ll County, K e ntu cky.

Robert Lewis, a ne phe w of the 6rs t Cha rles above me lltioned , lived at Be lvo ir , on the east side of the Sou th Wes t ~I o untain .

He was th e son of J ohn L e wis and Fra nces F ielding , and a brother of Fieldi n g, \Vashi ngton's brotherin - law. H e marr ied J a ne, daughter of Nicholas Meriwet her , the large landb olde r , a nd be ,vas himself o ne of the larges t landbolders in the co unty. I n 1736 he entered upwards of four thou s and acres in North Garde n , and in 1740 nearl y si xty¡five hund red near Ivy De pot. He died in 1765. Hi s ch il d re n were John, Nicholas, Robe r t , C h a rles, Willia m, J a ne, the wife of Thomas Me r iweth e r, Mary, the wi fe first o f Samuel Cobb, and secon d ly of \\T addy Thomson, Mildred, the wife of Ma jor John Lewi s, Ann, the wife of a noth er J oh n L e wis-both of these gentlemen of Spotsylvania a n d kins me n -Eliza beth , the wife of Wi ll iam Barrett, and Sara h , t he w ife of Dr. Wall e r L ewis, of Spotsy lvania, son of Zachary L ewis, and brot her of Mi ldred's husband. J obn, the eldest son, received the main portion o f his es tate in Gloucester.

Nicbolas lived at the F a rm, ad joining Charlottesvi ll e on the east , a gift from his gra ndfathe r, Nicholas Mer iwethe r . H e was a public spi rited lU a n, a Captain in the Revol u tion, a magistrate, Su r veyo r and She r iff of the co u nt y, possessed of a ~oul1d judgment a nd kindly s pirit, appealed to on a ll occa sions to compose the strifes of t h e neighborh ood, the tr usted fr ien d of :\l r. Jdferson, and the adviser of his fami ly during h is lon g absences from home. He married Mary, eldest dau g h ter of Dr. 'fhomas \Valker, and died in 1808. H is chi ld re n were :\icholas M ., T homas \V., Robert Warner, J ane, t he wife o f Hudson :\l artill, Eli zabeth , th e wife of \Vi ll iam D. Mer iwet her. :\lildred, the wife o f David Wood, Mary, the w ife of I saac

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Miller, and Marg aret, the wife of Charl es L. Thom as. N icholas married his cousin, Mildred Horn sb y, of Ke ntucky, and doubtless emigrated to that State. Robert ma rri ed Eliz a hetb \\Tood, and removed from the county. Thoma s \V. li ved a t Locust G rove, the northern part of his fatb er 's fa rm. H e was appointed a magistrate in 179 1, and died in 1807. In his will he directed that th e fam ilies of h is servants sh oul d not be separated, and ex pressed the wi s h that circ umstances had permitted their emancipation, a s a ccord ing to his view all men were born free and equal. H e m arried Eli zabeth , daughter of Nicholas Meriwether , and si ster of his brother in¡law, William D., and h is ch ildren wue N icho las H. Margaret, the wife of James Clark. Mary, the wife first of James Leitch, and secondly of David Anderson, Lydia, the wife of Samuel O. :M inor, TiJomas, Charl es, Elizabeth, the wife of John C. \rVells, Alice, the wife fir st of G eorge D. Meriwether, and secondly of John W. Davis. Jane, the wife first of Walker Meriwetber , and secon d ly of Dr. Richard Anderson. and Robert \V., of Castalia. By far the g reater num ber of t his family emigrated in 1837 to Pike County, Missouri. In 1804 Mary removed with her husband, Isaac Miller, to Louisville Ky. Robert, son of Robert, married a MISS Fauntleroy, and removed to Halifax County. Cbarles lived in the North Garden, where James G. White now resides . He was one of the 6rst t o offer his services at the outbreak of the Revolutionary War. He was Captain of the fir st volunteer company raised in Albemarle. Lieutenant Co lonel 'Of the first regiment formed, and afte rw ards Colonel of the Fourteenth Virginia .

He died in 1779. while in command of the Guards at the Barracks near Charlottesville. H is wife was Mary, daughter of Charles Lewis Jr., of Buck Island. and his children Howell, Charles \V~rner, who d ied young, Mary R. , the wife of Edward Carter, Jane, the wife of John Carr , Sarah, the wife of ~ Benjamin Brown, Ann, the wife of Matthew Brown, and Susan, the wife of Joel Frav.klin. Mrs. L ewis was married the second time to Charles \Vingfi eld Jr., and died ill 1807.

Howell li ved at the old homest ead, and died in 1845. His

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wife \vas )OIaT)" daughter of Th omas Carr, and his c h ild re n Thomas Fie lding, Howell, of ~lechunk, Mary , t he w ife of Cl ifton Harris. and Sarah, the wife of Ira Harris .

William Lewi s , sot! of Robert, li ved at L ocust H ill, nea r h ' Y De pot. He was a Lieutenant ill the R evo lutionary a r my.

H e di ed in 1780. His wife was Lucy, daughter of T homas ).ÂŁe riw eth er , and lIi s children, ~I e ri\Vetber, Reuben and Jane, the w ife of Edmund Anderson. Meriwet h er was the famo us explore r o f th e Roc ky ;"10uotaio::;, and the Pacifi c Coast, and wh ile acting a s Governor of Misso uri Territory, died by his 7 "2 â&#x20AC;˘ o wn hand near Xasbville, T enn., in 1809. Reube n st udied med icine, lived a ll a pa r t of his father's place, m a rried bis cou si n , ),1 ild red Dabne y, a nd died w itho ut c hildren in I SH . )'lrs. Lucy L e wi s was married the second time to Colonel John )'1arks , and with him re mo\'ed t o \Vilkes County, G eorgi a, in 17 87 . On the d eath of Coloue l Marks, she re turned to L oc us t H ill , whe n:! s he departed this life in 1836. By he r last marri age s he had one so n , J ohn H asti n gs, w ho died in Baltimore, and one daught';! r, .M ary, who became the wife of \Villi a m Moore, and lived in Georgia.

The second family of this name s prang frOUl David Lewis, who , with his brother-in-law, J oel T e rrell, in 1734 e nte red t b rt!e t hous and ac res just west of the Uuiversity . The next year bis brother, Abraham Lewis entered eight hun d red a cre s, incl udi ng th e laud the University now occupies. These b rother s be lon ged to H a nover County. Abraham never li ved in Al he marl e , hut Da v id at once settled on the binder part of the p rese nt Bird wood farm , so that when the county was org-anizt!d, hi s reside nce wa s a we ll known p lace in the country. li e w as a n act ive m a n , a ca p tain in the m ilitia, one of the I:a r ly m agist r ates, a nd bore his pa rt in clearing the roans, and executi n g other works of publi c convenience. H e died in 177Y , at t he g rea t a g"e of nine ty - four. He was married three ti mes, h is fir!'; t w ife be ing a siste r of J oel T errell, and hi..; thi rd , 1\la r y ::\I cGrath, widow of Dr. Hart, of P hiladel phi:).. By the fir~ t ma rri age he had eight chi ldren , nnll by Ibe th : rd three , William Terrell, Susan , the wife of A lexandf;:r \lac key, who lived for a t ime on Ivy Creek , near t he

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crossing of the \Vhitehall Road, Hannah, the wife of J ames Hickman , probably the son of Edwin Hickman, second She riff of the county, Sarah, the wife of Abraham1Illsick, who lived in the Mechum's Depot vicinity, where his son Eph raim also lived, and thence emigrated to Kentucky, David , J ohn.

J oe l , Ann, the wife first of J oel Terrell Jr., and secondly of Stephen \Villis, Elizabeth, the wife of J ohn Martin, J a mes. and !\Iiriam, the wife of Gabriel Madison.

William Terrell L ewis kept a tavern on the Staunton R oad, about three miles west of Charlottesville, called at firs t Terrel 's and subsequent ly Le\v is's Ordinary.

H e marri ed Sarah Martin, and had eleven children. All the family emigrated to North Carolina, and later he him self went to Nash v ille, where he died in 1802. T hree of his 50115, Micajah, Joel and J ames, were in the battle of Kings Mountain, and Micajah was killed at Guilford C. H . A great, grer:t g ran ddaugh ter, Mrs. Patty L. Collins, has in these last days been in the Dead L etter Office at 'Vashington, where she is held in high repute lor her marvellous skill in deciphering bad chirogra phy. David Jr., was a man of great enterprise and ability.

He owned numerous parcels of land in the Mech um's Depot section, and carried on a bri s k mercantile business in that vicinity. He also removed to North Carolina jus t before the Revolution. T hough twi ce married, he seems to have le ft no sons, as in the final settlement of his affairs in Albemarle in 1794, hi s legatees all bore other names. John was twi ce married, fir st to Sarah Tal iaferro, and seco ndly to Susan Clarkson, no doubt a sister of Peter Cl a rkson. He had twelve chi ldren, amon${ whom were Taliaferro, a brave soldier of the Revolution, Charles C_ , whose descendant, 'V iII iam T., a res ident of Louis vi ll e, ~Iiss . , compi led a history of the family, J esse P .• and D1Vid Ja ckso n , who was a man • of commanding presence, measuring six feet, four inches, was a soldier in the \Vhis key Insurrect ion of 179'; , an active mag istrate of the county, and th e fathe r of eleven children, lived north of the Rivanna, on the Hydrauli c Roa d, and in 1818 removed to Breckioridge Couuty, Kentucky.

J esse Pitm an was a lso a soldier of the Revolution. His •

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HISTORY OF ALBI-:MAR LE

wife was ~ancy, daughter of hlanoah Clarkson. H is h ome was 00 the Staunton Road, above the University. H e died in IS-t9, and with bim the uame of old David Lewis ' s liue in the coullty passed away, as he left only daughters. T hese were Jan c. the wife of Nelson Bark sda le, Mary, the w ife first of Juliu s Clarkson, and seco ndly of John l-I . C r ave n, Elizabeth, the wife of Reuhe u Maury, Sophia, t h e wife o f ).lichael J ohnson, and Sarah, the wife of A lexande r St. C. H eiskell.

Jam es Lewis. SOil of David Sr., was in his day a figure of great prominence in the cou nt y_ He was a gall ant soldier of th e Revolution, a magi s trate, a co ntractor, a large la Ild bolder, the owner and keeper for som e yea rs of the old Slo ne 'l'ave rn in Charlottesville, th e agent of Preside n t Monroe, and muc h employed both by the Courts and his fe ll ow citizens in t he appraisement and division of es tates. H is fir s t res idence wa s doubtless th e homestead, the home of old David. H e married Lucy, daughte r of J o hn Thomas, by whom he h ad eie\'e n c hildrE'n. In 18 18 he emigrated t o Frankl in Cou nty, Teon essee. Iu 1826 he returned on a visi t to A lbemarle , a nd married the seco nd time Mary, daughter of Pete r Ma r ks , a n d at la st finished his course in Tennessee at the advan ced age of n inety -three.

T he head of th e third ramilvof t he na m e was J oh n , wh o was one of the ea rl ies t settlers in the 路cou o ty. H e ente red land o n 'l'otier Creek in 1741. \V hen t he loca t io ll of t he old courthouse was fixed, h e obtained a l icense to conduct a n ordinary at the place. H e see ms to h ave married a da u g hte r of Samuel SheltoD, a nd had two SODS, anrl a daugh ter. J a ne , who became the wife of Ri c hard Dave nport, a nd re m oved to Georgia. John . the elder so n, d ied in 180 .J , a nd left three chi ldren, Sarah, J oh n \Vaddy, who di ed in 1824, a nd El iz abeth. Owe ll , the other so n, died in 1805 . a nd h is c hildren wue William, John , H ardi n P., H owe ll , Robert. N ic h olas , D:anitl P., Z[ll"'ha ri a b, and Sara h . w ho was the w ife of J acob Tilman, and removed to Tennessee. Most of the son s we r e cOI1 .. iri<:rahle land owners in the so uthern part o f t h e county, p.rticu(:lTly on the lower Hardware . Some o f th e w a ls o

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t ransacted a lucrative business in transporting freight on J ames River, and tbe canal. Hardin P. emigrated to A la bama. In 1821 Robert in a quarrel fatally ~tabbed Thomp son Noe l , a tavern keeper in Scottsville, and fled the country.

It is said he went to l\'I emphis, Tenn., and in course of t ime acquired a large fortune. A great granddaugbter of the fi rst J ohn Lewis was the first wife of the late Christ opher Gilmer, and a great grandson, Zachariab, recently died in Nelson County, immediately above the mouth of Rockfish River. A similarity of names suggests a relationship betwee n t h is fami ly and that first mentioned.

LINDSA Y.

Reuben Lindsay came to Albemarle from Westmorelana about 1776. In that year he purchased from John Clark seven hundred and fifty acres on the east side of the South West Mountain, wh ere he made his home. During the ensuing twenty years he had purc hased upwards of two thousand acres. H~ was already a magistrate at the close of the Rev olutionary \Var, frequently sat on the County bencb, and was otherwise often engaged in the duties of tbat office. He departed this life in 1831. He was twice married, first to Sarah, daughter of Dr. Thom as \Valker, by whom he ha d no children, and seco ndly to Miss Tidwell. By the last marriage he had three daughters, Sarah, the wife of James Lindsay, his nephew, whose home was at the Meadow s, a short dist ance southwE"st of Gordonsville, and whose daughter became the wife of John M. Patton Jr., Elizabeth, the wife of General William F. Gordon, and Maria, the wife of M. L. Walker, son of Captain Thomas \Valker Jr. Another nephew bearing his own name , Reuben, lived on the Rivanna, near the mouth of Limestone. Hi s wife was Mary Goodman, and his children were Susan, the wife of John G. Gray, l\!Iary, the wife of Albert G. \Vatkins, Ann, the wife of Stephen F. Sampson, James, William and Reuben.

He died in 1837, and his wife in 1841. His son Reuben was a p h ysician, practised his profession with much success at Scottsville, and died in 1881.

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LYNCH.

Cbarles Lynch, it is said, was a native of Ireland. Tak ing offence wbile a mere youth at some ill-treatment, be determined to quit borne a nd cou ntry, and with this purpose took p assage on a vesse l bound for Amer ica. As the ship was leav ing h er moorings, he repented the step, and leap ing- into the sea, stru ck out for laud. H e was howe ver rescued by the sailors from hi s pe rilous position, a n d after the llsual voyage of those days, s afely reach ed the shores of the new wo rld .

Com ing to Virginia, and exert ing the ene rgy and perseverance that belonged to his nature, he s oon bega n a s uccessful career. ll~ com menced entering land within the present county in 1733. and in the next seventee n years had obtained patents for sixty-five hundred acres in different sections, on H ardwa re , on the Riva nna , on Moore's Creek, and on the w ater s of 11ecb um's, not far from the Blue Ridge. H e established bis bomt! on the Rivanna, on th e place now known as Peu Park. The ripple in the river at that point was beyond Questio n Lync h 's F e rry , or Ford , whi ch is ofte n me u tio ned in the ea rly records. He was one of t he original m agistrates of Albemarle , and bad previously been one in Goochland .

H e served as Sher iff in 1749, and was a represe ntative of the county in the Hon se of Burgesses. His last entry of la nd was made in 1750, and emb raced s ixtee n hundred ac res on the J ames, opposi te Lynchbu rg'. To this land he removed at t hat time, but did uot long s urvive th e change. H e died in 1753.

H is wife was Sarah, daug h ter of Christopher and Penelope Clark.

She joined the Fri e nds about the tim e of their n;moval from Lynch 's Ferry on the Riv3nna to Lync h 's Ferry on tb e James. A Quaker Meeting HOllse called S outh River, was bui lt in 1754 on her land on Lynch's Creek, a branch of t he Blackwater, three or fo ur miles south of Lynchburg. lI er child ren we re Charles, John, Ch ri s tophe r , and Sara h , tb e wife of ).Iicajah T e rrell. John wa s the found e r of Lynchburg. Charles was the clerk of So uth River Meeting t ill t he begilllling of the political fermen t pri or to the Revolution, when the warmth of his patriot is m surmo unted the pacific

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principles he had espoused, and he became a Colonel in the Revolutionary army. H is busy promptitude in dealing with outla ws a nd violent Tories during those disturbed times, gave rise to Lynch law. Mrs. Lynch was married the second time to John \Vard , of Bedford. Besides the imprints of this family about Lynchburg, they have left their memorial in the names of this county, Lynch' s River, and Lynch's Creek, a tribu· tar}" of the Rockfish.

MCGEHEE.

James McGehee obtained a patent for four hundred acres of land on Little Mechunk in 1747. In 1768 \Villiam Mc· Gehee patented nearly two hundred acres on Henderson's Branch, and. near the Secretary's Road, a descriptio n , which indicates that the place was not far from Colle, especia lly as in 1774 it came into Mr. J efferso n 's hand s. \Villiam was probably a sou of J ames, and it was he who gave name to the ford at 1\'I ilton, that passage of the river being known in ear ly tim es as McGehee's Ford. The family seems subsequently to have been settled near th e present 'Voodridge, as the forks of the roads at that place went for a long period by the name of McGehee's Old F ield. \ViJliam died in 1815. H e and his w ife Elizabeth had eight children, 'William, Elizabeth, Joseph , Nancy, the wife of \Villiam Adcock, Sarah, the wife of \Villiam Campbell,l\'Iary, the wife of James Martin, Lively and Charles. After the death of th e father, most of the family removed, some to Franklin County, Virginia, and some to Kentucky.

Whether Francis McGee was related to thi s family, is 110t known. H e appears early in the century as having marri ed Martha, daughter of Peter Marks. He purchased the interests of so me of the Marks heirs in Lots Seventeen and Eighteen in Charlottesville, on which the old Stone House stood, and exchanged them with James Lewis for the place 011 Moore's Creek, which has long been the home of the T eels. In 1817 he bought from Dabney and Thomas Shelton the farm between Ivy and Mechum 's Depot, which is still owned by his descend· ant s. For some yea rs he conducted the old Hardin Tavern on the Staunton Road. H e d ied in 1846. His ch ild ren were •

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HISTORY OF A LBEMA R LE

Ann. Peter, Mary, the wife of James Lob ban, Ma rtha, the wife of John J . Woods, Lewis and J oa nna. L e w is died in 1858. Peter in his youth was a merch ant a t H illsboro, a nd subsequently County Surveyor. H e d ie d on hi s far m sou th of Ivy Depot in 1888. l\ICKENN I E.

Clement P. ~IcKel1l1ie deser ves co mm emoration amo ng the people of Albemarle for being the p u b lisb e rof t h e fi r s t new s paper enr issued in the cou nty. O n the twenty-ninth of J anuary 1820. appeared the fi rst numbe r of t he Ce ntra l Gazette. He and his brot her, J. H. Mc Kennie , we re ass o ciated in the enterprise. It is sai d the o ffic e of pu bl ication stood On the northwest cor ner o f J eff er s on a nd Third St reet s .

By the withdrawal of J . H . McK e nn ie a t the clos e of the first year, his brother became t he s ol e p u b l is her. The pape r was issued week ly uoti l about 1828, whe n on a ccount of th e appearance of the Virg inia Adv oca te, it wa s discontinued .

About 1834 Mr. i\IcKennie purc hased fr om the heirs of \V .

G. Garner the proper ty ad joini ng the U nive rs ity , w her e h e established the book store so lo ng conducted by h imse lf a nd his son, ~larce ll us. In 1822 h e ma rr ied H e nri etta, daughter of !o.Iatthew Rodes, and departed t h is life iu 1856. I n 18 21 J. H. ~lcKennie marr ied Mary , da ughter of J esse Garth , a nd soon after removed to Ne lso n Cou nty.

MACO N .

Thomas Macon came to tbe county from New K e nt in 1833 .

In that year he purchased fro m J ohn Pri ce Samps on T ufto n, a plantation, which contained a t hous a n d and forty acres, had once belonged to M r. J eff erso n , aud w h ich has s ince been the hOllle of the !o.'Iacon fa m ily . l\{r. Macon was a n earnest member of the Ep iscopa l Churc h. On account of h is intelligence and big-h characte r , he was s oo n a p pointed a magistrate of the county, in w h ic h office he s e r ved until hi s decease. lIe died in 1851.

MAGRUDE R.

John B. Magruder came to A lbemarle from Mar y land in the early years of the cen tury . With hi m fro m the s ame

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State came George Jones, the father of Robert S., Jesse and Thomas. They were friends, both good men, and local preachers of the Methodist Church. They settled in th e eastern part of the county, on the bo rders of Flmranna. Mr. Magruder died in 1812. He and his wife Sarah had nine children , Sarah, the wife of John Tim berlake. :\'1ildred, the wife of Gideon A. Strange, Elizabeth, the first wife oi Dr. Basil Jones, James, Horatio , Benjami n H. , William, Hilary and John B. The family were largely engaged in t he improvements of the Rivauna Navigation Compauy. Besides founding the Union Mills in Fluvanna, John B. Magruder and John Timberlake in 1829 bought the Shadwell Mills from the J efferson estate, and in addition to the grist mill s already existing, establi s hed cotton and woolen factories, which continued in operation until swept away by the disasters of the war. In 1833 thp.y purchased from a family named Scholfield, of Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, a large body of timber land in the Buck I sland section, which had lain in its virgin state from time immemorial. James Magruder after the war purchased Frascati, the form er home of Judge Philip Barbour near Gordonsville, where he resided until his death.

Benjamin H. was admitted a member of the Albemarle bar in 1829, and lived for some years in Scottsvi lle. He subsequently bought G lenmore, opposite Milton, which he made his home until his death in 1885 . Both before and s ince the war he represented the county in the Legislature. He was twice married, first to a daughter of James Minor, of Sunning H ill, Louisa, and second ly to Evalina, daughter of Opie Norris. Mildred aud her husband, Gideon A. Strange, were t he parents of Sarah, the wife of William Stockton, a brother of J ohn N. C. Stockton, who emigrated to Florida, Johu B., Colonel of t he Nineteenth Virginia in the late war, and Mary, the wife of John W. Chewning.

Mary, the sis ter of John B. Magruder Sr., was the wife of Thomas D. Boyd. At the beginning of the century he conducted a public house at the junction of the Three Notched and R iver Roads, the locality sti ll known as Boyd's Tavern.

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HISTORY OF ALB E MARLE

H e bad si x ch ild ren , John H" who we nt to Richmond, Charity, the wi fe of James T h rift, of Montgomery County , Ma r y land, J ames ~r., El izabetb , th e wife of Thomas A. \Voodsol1, Mar y, t he w ife of Ba rtl ey Herndon, of Shenand oah Coun t y, a nd T homas J, The last was admitted to the Al bemarl e bar in 1829, a nd rem oved to \Vytheville , where he recently died at a n advanced a ge .

Allan B. Magruder , a ne phew of John n., and brother of G enera l J ohn B ankhead , beca me a mem b er of the Albemarle bar in 1838 . H e resided in Charl ottes ville in the house at the rea r of t he lale Thom3s \Vood 's unt il a s hort time before the wa r , when he removed to \ Vas hington City , and sub seque ntly to Fred eri ck Cou nty, V irg inia. Hi s daughte r J anet beca me t he wife of Ma jor Robe rt H. Poore, who fell in t he b attl e of Getty s burg, an d hi s daugh te r Julia, by tht! productions of her pen , h as attai ned quite a pos ition of note in the l it erary world .

M ARK S .

An Engli s hman n amed M arks married E li7.abeth Ha stin gs, and e migrated to V irginia. They had five sons and a da ug hter , Peter , John , J ames , Hastings, T homas, and Sarah, who in 178 2 bec ame th e wife of James Winston, of L ou is a. T he c hil d re n were all settled in Albemarle prior t o tbe Revolution . Peter pro ba b ly lived in Charlottesvill e , as h is bu si ness opera ti o ns w ere mainly connected with t he real est ate of the tow n. H e was E sch ea t or for the co unty, and du r ing the Revol u t io n super inte nded several in qui s itions , for the co nfi sc ation .of t be p ropert y of those who took s ides w ith the Brit ish. In 1791 be bou g ht from Mr. !o.'l onroe the sq ua re o n which t he S tone H ouse s t ood, and from Dr. Gilmer pa rt of Lot Th irty- T wo, o n wh ich s tand s the s tore of T . T . Norman. H is d eat h occ urred in 1795 , a nd gave rise to complicat io ns ill hi s affairs th a t were no t fully straightened for man y yea rs; in fact, t h e part of tot Thirty-Two wa s not fin ally dis posed of till 183 0. l1i s wife wa s Joanna Sydnor, a nd h is c hild re n Sarah, th e w ife of Jos hua N icholas, Martha, the w ife o f F ra ncis )'l cGee, Ma r y, th e second wife of Jam es Lewi s, So phia , t he w ife of Ru ssell Brown , Eli7.abetb, the

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

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wife of John W. Hinde, Nancy, the wife of Temple Gwathmey, a nephew of George Rogers Clark, Hastings and Peter.

The most of the children removed to Kentucky. The only one who spent her entire life in the county, was Mrs. McGee. Her sister Mary seems to h ave made her home with ber, but in 1826 James Lew is returned from Tennessee, and took her back as his wife.

John Marks was a Captain in the Revolutionary War, and for tbis service received a grant of four thousand acres of land on Brus h Creek, Ross County, Ohio. After the death of \Villiam Lewis, he married his widow, Lucy. He was a magistrate of the county. and was appointed She riff ill 1785.

During his incumbency of the office, he removed with the Gilmer emigration to Georgia, where he died shortly after.

James was also a magistrate. H e lived on a farm consisting of eight hundred acres near Keswick Depot, and likely including it. He emigrated to Georgia, and when taking this step sold hi s plantation to John Harvie, wbose sister Elizabeth wa s his wife. Hastings owned a plare in tbe Ragged !...Ionntains . not far from the D. S. In 1785 he married Ann Scott, sister of IV!r. J efferso n, and removed to the t idewater district of the State. The kind 路 and considerate disposition of the Preside nt, wbo at th e time was Minister to France, was show n in the letters he addressed to each of the parties, on the occasion of this union. ~tAR TI N .

The name of I\'I artin has belonged t o a number of families in the county. The year it was organized, 1745, Captain Joseph 11artin, as he was called in the patents, obtained grants of more than fourt een hundred acres on Pr iddy'~ Creek, y aud eight hundred on Piney RUll. His will disposing of land in Essex County, it is surmised he came from that part of the State. He and his wife Ann had eleven children, Brice, Will iam, Joseph, Johu, George, Sarah, the wife of John Burrus, Mary, the wife of a Hammock, Susan, Martha, Ann, and Olive, the wife probably of Ambr~se Edwards. The Cap tain died in 1761.

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

James :M artin owned at an early date a considerable t ract â&#x20AC;˘ of laud th at now belongs to the Grayson family, near t he pre sen t s ite of the Mill er Sch ool. In 1759 be gave two hu n dred acres t o each of hi s six sons, Ste phen, Jo h n , J ames, Obadiah, \Villiam and Dav id. Th ese sons, or the most of them , it is believed, e m igrated to North Carolina, about the tim e of th e Revolution. It is possible the John just me n tioned was the Johu Martin who lived in t he wes t eTll part of the North Garde n. H is place w as formerly known a s the Pocket Plantation. H e was a pros pe rou s man, and became the owner of upwards of fift een hundred acres. He died in 1812. His w ife's n ame wa s Eli zabet h , b elieved to have bee n a Wheeler, and hi s chi ldre n were Benj a min, Sarah, t he wife of J oh n Watson, Mary , the wife of \Vi ll iam Wood . Susa n , the wife of Hick erso n Jacob , and Clarissa. Benjamin succeeded to hi s fatber's place, and died in 1821. His wife's name was Catharine , and hi s children were An n , the wife of Au gustine Woodson, Lindsay, John, Caroline , the wi fe of Jos hua \V. Abell, Julia , the wife of Micaja b W h ee le r , Benjamin , Emily, the wife of Rich a rd Abell , J a m es, E lizabet h, th e wife first of P eter Garland, and second ly of Da ni el Martin , and Jane, the wife of Samuel M. Powell.

A J oh n Martin in 1762 purc hased from J osep h T homas upw ards of s ix hundred acres in the southern part of the county, on Ballenger 's Creek. H e d ied in 18 10. H e married Ann, da ug hte r of James Toolev, an d his childre n were Sa r ah, the w ife of James \Vood, Ann, the wife of J o h n Dawson, Dabney, J a mes, Celia, Alice, Simeo n, Massey a n d Lind say.

Th omas Martin was alrea dy settled o n the south fork o f H ard ware in 17M, where his descendant s h ave been reside nt ever since. lI e seems not to have been a pate nt e'e , and when he purc h~ sed does not appea r . He died in 1792, H e and his wife Mary had te n children, Abraha m, George .

Th omas, Charles, J oh n , Pl ea san t , Letitia, t he wi fe of R ichard Moore, Mildred, the wife of an Ogleshy, A nn, the w ife of a Blain, a nd Mary, the wife of Be n ja m in Daws on. Pl eas ant removed to Amherst, John marr ied E lizabeth , daug hter

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265

of David Lewis. was a Captain in the Revolutionary army, had c harge of the troops that in 1780 guarded as far as Frederic k, Md . â&#x20AC;˘ the British prisoners. ou their remova l from the Barracks, and of those stationed in Charlottesville at the tim e of the Tarleton Raid, and in 17 86 emigrated to Fayette County , Kentucky. Charles l ived on the place where J. Goulet Martin now resides, and sold it in 1783 to R~v. \Villiam Irvin.

Hi s wife's name was Patty ~ and be had two daughters, Eli zabeth and / .Martha, who hecame the wives of brotbers, Thomas and James Cobbs, of Halifax County; and selling the remainder of his land the next year, he proba bly followed tbem to that county. George married Barbara, daughter of Samuel Wood s , and died in 1799. His children were Malinda . the wife of Lewis Teel, Samuel \V . , and Elizabeth, the wife of \VilJiam Garth. Samuel \V. married Sarah, daughter of Garrett \Vhite, and died in 1857 . His c hil dre n were Garrett W., Georg-e, Thomas, J obn A., Samuel \V., Jeremiah, and Eleanora, the wife of Jesse L. Heiskell.

Hudson Martin was a Second Lieutenant in the Ninth Virginia, during the Revolution. For a number of years he was deputy Clerk of the county, and subsequently a magis ¡ trate. He married Jane, the eldest daughter of Nicholas Lewi s. Near the beginning of the century he removed to Amherst , in the vicinity of F aber's Mills, where his descendants still live . In 1834 Captain John Thomas testifi ed before the County Court in behalf of his heirs, to the fact of his having served in the Revolutionary army. A son John M. Martin became a member of the Albemarle bar in 1809.

Another son, Hud son, married ~Iildred, daughter of Dabney Minor, and at one time lived in Arkansas.

In the t!arly years of the century. a Thomas Martin married Mary Ann, daughter of Daniel \Vhite. His home was west of Batesv ille, north of the place now occupied by \Vil liam H. Turner Jr. He died in 1827. H is chi ldren were Ann , the wife of John L. White, Azariah, Diana, the wife of James Lo~ban, Thoma s, Mary. the wife of \Villiam Stone.

Charles, Elizabeth, Daniel , Henry, Barbara. the wife of John Lobban, and Lucy, the wife of \Villiam H. Garland .

266

HISTORY OF Al.BEMARLE MASSIE.

The Massie family was a numerous one which in early times migrated from New Kent, and was widely scattered over Albemarle . Nelson and Amberst. The fir st of the name that settled in Albemarlewas Charles. Hi s home ,,,as in th e southwest part of the county on the wate rs of Lync h 's Creek . on wbat was long known as the Wakefield Entry. The plantation, Spring Valley, became noted from the perfection of its Albemarle Pippins , and though now held.by other hands. it is s till designated by the Massie name. Charles Massie co mmenced the purcbase of t his p lace in 1768. H e died in 1817. His chi ldren were Thoma s , Charles, John, Elizabeth , the wife of a Smith, and Mary, the wife first of Robe rt WaTe. and secondly of William Lobban. Hi s son Charles s ucceeded to the place. and died in 1830. His wife 's name was Nancy, and his chi ldren were H ardi n, Nat h aniel, Charles G., Sa rah, the wife of a Ragland, Eli zabeth, th e wife of a Bailey, and )laney.

Hardin was a physician, who came to Charlottesville in 18N , and for many years p racti sed in partnership with Dr. Charles Carter. H e was large ly interested in the real estate of the town. H e l ived on Fourth Street next to the old Bap路 ti st Church, the site of which he sold to th at congregation.

H e wa s himself an earnest member of tha t Church , and for a t ime acted as its Clerk. H e never married , and died in 1848.

Nathaniel was fora con side rable period of his life a s uccess ful merc hant in Waynesboro , hut as hi s years increased , he re路 turned to tbe old homestead on the borders of Nelson , where he d ied in 1871. I-I e was twice marr ied, first to Susa n , daughter of ~ t i c h a el Woods, son of Colo nel John , a nd secondly to El iz abeth, d aughter of Matthew Rodes. Hi s children by the firs t marr iag-e were J ames, Professor in the V irg inia ),[iJitary In st itute , N. Hardin , of Cha rlottesv ill e, Susan, the w ife o f Robert B. :0.[0011, and Hetty, the wife o f \Villia m P atrick; and of those by the second marriage were Rodes and Edwin.

Charles C. di ed in 1857.

An Edmund Massie l ived in the county t he same time with the fir st Charles. Hi s home wa s in the vici nity of

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Brown's Cove. He died in 17 82. H e and his wife Judith had several children, of whom the only one mentioned was Thomas. It may be he was the Th omas Massie, who in 1792 rented from the representatives of Hugh ~Ioss a large tract of land on the Rivanna, in the Buck I sland neighborhood.

In that neigbborhood he died in 1799, leaving six children, Martha, the wife of Hugh Pettit, Nancy, the wife of Reuben Mansfield, Susan, James , Thomas and John.

1\IAUPIK.

,

Two brothers, Daniel and Gabriel Maupin, came to the county just before the middle of the last century. From the name it may be inferred they were of French extraction. Tbe idea ha s been entertained that they were French 路soldiers, who crossed the ocean with Lafayette at the time of the Revo lution; but Daniel obtained a patent for land on Moorman's River in 1748 , twenty-seven years before that event. The name however was represented in the Revolutionary army, Daniel, \Villiam and Cornelius appearing on the pension li st; these in all probability were brothers, sons of John :M aupin, and grandsons of Daniel. Daniel entered more than fi fteen hundred acres in the \Vhitehall neighborhood. He died in 1788. H e and his wife Margaret had seven sons and three daughters, Thomas, Gabriel, Daniel, John, Margaret, the wife of Robert Miller, \Villiam, Zachariah, Jesse, Jane. the wife of Samuel Rea and Mary, the wife of Matthew .Mu ll ins .

Gabriel died in 1794. He seems to have lived in the vicinity of Free Union. His wife's name was Marah, and Thomas.

Bland, Daniel and Gabriel were names of his sons. The truth is, the families of this stock were generally so numerous, containing hardly ever less than ten, and sometimes thirteen cbildren, and the same names were so often repeated in the different hons~bolds , that it would be well nigh impossible at th is date to make out an accurate statement of their lines of descent. They frequent ly intermarried among themselves, and with the Harrises, J annaus and Vias, and t he ir descendants are widely scattered over the \Vest, particularly in Kentucky and Missouri. Tbey seem to have been in their generations an inriustrious, quiet, unambitious people. They

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HISTORY OF ALBEMAR LE

han usually been attached to the Methodist Churc h , a Da niel )'lau piu being an origi nal trustee of Austin's, or Bingba m '5. )'leeting H ouse, and anothe r Da niel and his wife Ha n nah in lS3-l giving the ground for Mouut Moriah near \Vhiteha ll , which indeed for many yea r s com monly went by the name of )'I aupiu's .Meeting H ouse.

Dr. Socra tes Maupin , who was Professor of Chemi s try fi rst in Hampde n -S idn ey College, a nd afterwards in the University of Yir gi ui a, wa s ODe of thi s famil y. He died fro m ill juries in conseque nce of a runaway a cci de nt in Lynchburg, in 1871. lIe was the so u of Chapman \V. Maupin, wbo was third in descent from the first Dan ie l , wa s appointed a magis trate of the co unty in 1835 , a nd died in 1861. Addison, another son of Chap man \V. , had hi s reside n ce before the war on Carr 's H ill , adjoining th e University . J. Addison Maup in. of Richm ond, author of the Maupin bill of recent noto r iety, wa s Addisou's sou.

MAURY.

I n the la st century Rev. James Maury was the rector of Frederi cksville parish. Hi s parents, Matthew Maury and ~1ary Ann Fontaine, we re Hugue not exi les, and w ere residents of King Willi a m. I nstead of occu pying t h e glebe, he resided on his own farm, which lay on the bor ders of A lbe marle and Loui sa. He attained great not or iety as sui t or iu the famous ca se under th e Two Penny Ac t, in which Patr ick H en r y first displayed his marvell ous powers of eloquence.

In addition t o hi s cl e ri ca l duties , he taugh t on his pl antat ion a classical school in which Mr. Jefferson was one of his p u pils. In 1767 he purchased nearly seven hund red acres southwest of I vy Depot from the executors of old M ichae l W oods, which his SOil Matthew so ld in 1797 t o Rev. \ :V illi a m Woods and Richard Woods. He ma r ried Mary Walker. a cousin it is said of Dr. Thoma s \Valker . and d ied in 1769.

H is c h ildren were Matthew, Jam es . Ann, Mary, W alke r, Catharine, the wife of James Barrett, Elizabeth, the w ife of Jam es Lewis, of S potsy lvania, Abraham , Font aine. Be njamill and Richard. James wa s appoi n ted by Washi ngto n in 17 89 Consul to L iverpoo l , which offi ce he conti nu ed to fill

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till 1837. Richard, who married Diana, daughter of Major John Minor, of S pot sylvania, and removed to Franklin, Tenn ., was th e father of Commodore Matthew F. Maury, and the g randfat be r of General Dabney ::\Iaury, of the Confederate army .

Matthew was an Episcopal minister, and s ucceeded his fath er both at the homestead, and in the parish. He also taught sc hool. H e married Elizabeth, daughter of Dr. Tboma s 'W alker, and died in 1808. H is children were Matth ew, Thomas \Valker, Francis, r..'[ ary Ann, the wife of William .M ichie, Mildred, th e wife of H enry Fry Jr., Reuben, Elizabeth . Ca th arine, the wi fe of Francis Lightfoot . and John. Tbomas W. was a member of th e Albemarle bar, wa s appointed a magistrate in 181 6. married Elizabeth , daughter of Jul ius C lark son, and gra nddaughter of Jesse Lew is, taught school in the small brick at the east end of Main Street , and afterwards at his own place above the U niversity, DOW occupied by Samuel Emerson, and died in 1842.

Reube n married Elizabeth, daugh ter of J esse Lewis, and died in 1869. His so n, J esse L., succeeded to the home of bi s father , and sti ll lives in a green old age, a link between the present and the past. Mildred was the mother of J . Frank Fry, lo ng the Commissio ner of the Revenue for S t. Anne's.

J ames S . Maury, son of t he Consul, lived at one time on a place nea r the north end of Dudley's Mountain, and in 1833 so ld it to Jesse L. John , son of Rev. Matthew, a lso o nce l ived in the same vicinity.

MAYO.

The ~Iayos have had a name and place in Albemarle from the beginning. Colonel \Villiam Mayo, the County Surveyor of Goochland, obtained a patent for eight hun dred acres on th e branches of Rockfish, near the Blue Mountains , in 1738.

The patent of Dr. \Villiam Cabell for forty' eight hundred acres on both sides of the Fluvanna, obtained tbe same year, adjoined tbis entry of Mayo. Among tbe first deeds recorded in Albemarle, is one from Ann Mayo, co nveying thi s land to Robert Barnett in 1748.

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARL E

In 1749 Philip Mayo, of Henri co, entered jour hundred acres on the bra nc hes of H ardware, si tu a ted iu the limestone belt , and long known as the Lime stone Survey. In 1752 be sold it to Peter Jefferson, Joshua Fry , Arthur H opkin s .

Tb omas Meriwether, Da n ie l Scott. and \Villiam Stith , Presi dent of \Villiam and Mary College. It is p res umed that in ruakiug th is purc ha se , these gen tlemen had in mind some projec t for utilizing the mine ra l it contai ned.

Tbe origina l record o f t he deed having bee n destroyed, it was restored in 1802 . As late as 1830 these separate in teres ts we re uot all united, as in that year Governor Gi lm e r , as e xec utor of Christophe r Huds on , s old to George Gi lmer, his father, one-sixth of the t ract.

James ~ Iayo died in 1777, leaving eleven sons and two dau g hters . T he m ost of them no doubt lived in Gooc hland.

One of them, Thom as, who belonged to that county, bought in 1779 from Thomas Colli ns fou r hundred acres on Edge Creek , the sma ll branc h of )'10ore's Cree k that runs on the ea s t side of th e Teel place. Four years later 'i'ho m as so ld part of this tract to hi s brother , Ri chard G eorge Mayo. If R ichard George ever lived on it, he removed elsew h ere, as in 1809 his b roth e r Josepb, as hi s attorn ey, solel it to another brot h e r , James .

J ames died in 1 8 ~1, ill hi s eighty路t h ird yea r . His w ife was Mary, daughter of Stephe n Hu ghes, and hi s c hil dren J oh u \V., Step hen, Claudiu s , J .tmes E. , Cath ari ne, the wife o f William Thompson, and Na ncy , the wife of J ohn H arris.

MER I WETHER.

The progenitor of the Me riwethers wa s Nicholas, an emigrant from Wales, who died in 1678 . H e had three sons, Francis, who marr iedivI ary Bath n rst, and from whom descended Governor G eorge W. Smi th, who peris b ed in the burning of the Ri c hmond theatre in 18 11, David and Nicholas. Nicholas was the large land hol de r. Besi des ohtainin g g r ants of exte nsi ve tra cts in several of the counties of ea ste rn Virg inia, he entered in one body seventee n thousand, n ine hundred and fifty -two acres 011 the eas t side of the South \Vest Mountain in A lbe marle. lI e also entere d in 17 35 o ne thou sand and twenty

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

27 1

acres on the Rivanna. extending from Moore's Creek to Meado w Creek. This wa s th e place 011 which he l ived, and wh ic h he devised to hi s grandson, Nicholas Lew is. He died in 1744, and it is said he and hi s g ra ndson, R ic hard Meriwe ther , so n of \VilIiam, were buried on t he east side of the Rivanna , most probabl y ou the summit of the h ill north of Mrs. Crock ford 's res idence, on the parce l of land which Ric hard purcbased from Thomas Graves. H is wife was Elizabeth Crawford , and h is ch ildren Jane. the wife of Robert Lewis, Thoma s. Nicholas. \Villiam, David, Elizabe th, the wi fe of Thoma s Bray, Ann, the wife of Thomas John son. the colleague of Patr ic k H enry frllm Lou isa in the H o use of Burgesses, and th e g randfat her of th e eminent lawyer .

Chapman John so n , Sa rah, th e wife of \Villiam Littlepage, and Mary , the wife of John A ylett.

Nicholas received from hi s father a sha re 0 1 t he lan ds eas t of the Sou th \Vest Mountain, of which Castle H ill was t he seat. H e married Mildred Thorn ton , and died in 1739, leaving one chi ld, Mild,red. About 1741 his widow became the wife of Dr. Thomas \Va lke r, and in due time Mildred, his â&#x20AC;˘ daughter, became the ,,, ife of John Syme, of H a nover, the balf -b rot he r of Patrick H enry. In 174 1 a nd 1746 there were entered in the daughter Mildred's name, two t racts of six teen hundred, a nd nineteen hundred ac res, lyi ng near the gorge of the South Hard ware between Gay's and Fan's Mountains. and extending up tbe road towards Batesv ill e; and for ma ny years her lines frequently figure in th e descri ption s of lands sold in that neigh borhood. Both tracts were sold by Mildred' s son, John Sy me Jr ., to President \Villiam Kelson, but the deed wa s never recorded. President Nelson devi sed them to his son Robert, who sold the si xteen hundred tract to James Powell Cocke, and the other in parcels to different purchasers. A chancery s~lit instituted agains t the children of John Syme Jr., then living in Nelson County, to ma ke title to these lands , was decided in 1809; and a considerable part of Th!ed Book Sixteen is occupied with the deeds of these parties to tbe vendees.

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HI ST ORY OF A L BEMA RLE

Da\"id ).l eriwetber married A n n H olm es , and bad six sons and two daughters. T homas, the eldest , marri ed Eli z~e th Thornton, and his children were Nic ho la s, F ran cis, David, ).[ary, tbe wife of Peachy R. Gi l mer. E lizabeth , the wife o f Thomas Johnson, Sanh, the wife of M ic h ae l A nderson , A nn , t he wife of Richard Anderso n, a nd moth e r o f David An de r 5011, of ).[i1tol1 and Pantops, L ucy, tbe wife of Wi ll iam L ewis , and afterwards of John Marks. l\.'I ild red, the wife of John Gi lmer, and Jane, t he wife of Samuel Dabney. m other o f Mild red , Reuben Lewis's wife. and gra nd mother of Rev . Robert L ewi s Dabney, the eminent theolog ia n . Nich ol3,s. tbe e ld est of th is family, married Margaret. da u g hter of R ev . \Villiam Doug 路 la ss, a native of Scot land , rect or of the pa rish o f S t. J ames, Northam, Goochl and, who added teaching t o h is min is teria l duties, and was the preceptor of Presi dent s Mo nroe a nd J efferson. and who spent his last days a t h is plantation of Ducking Hole, Louisa. The chi ld re n o f Nic hola s and Ma rgaret Douglass :M eriwether were \V illi am Dougla ss , T homas, Xicholas iI ., Charles, Francis T ., an d E lizabeth, the wife of Thomas \V. Lewis. ~ l rs. Margaret D. Meriwether was marri ed the second time to Chiles T errell .\ William Douglass lived at C lover F ields , o n the east s ide of the South \Ves t Mountain. H e was a ma n o f fine sense and great wealt h . He was a mag is tra te of th e cou nty fo r fifty years, and the o nl y o ne of the whole bod y of m agi s trates that filled the office of Sheriff t wice. in 1801 and 1828. His wife was Elizabeth, daughter of N ichol as L e wi s, a nd through her he inherited the part of the Fa rm nearest Charlottesv ille , which in 1825 he sold to J ohn A. G. Dav is . who bui lt on it the brick house, the prese n t residence of Mrs . l.' hom3s Farish. I [e died in 1845. H is ch ildre n were \Vi ll ia m H ., Charles J., Mary, t he wife of Peter Meriwether , M arg aret D . , the wife first of Dr. Franc is Meri wether , a nd seco nd ly of Francis K. Nelson, and Thomas W. \Vi lt iam H . , a ma n of incessant activity, was admitted to th e ba r , b uilt t he fi rs t mill at Rio, and a bridge across the Riva nn a at th e \Voolen M ills, sold his land in 1835 to George L . Craven , and we nt t o Texa~. lie was twice married, fi rs t t o Frances Poi n dex ter ,

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273

and secondly to Kate W. Meriwether, who after his d eath was married to Dr. Prior , of Memphis, Tenn. Charles J. received fro m hi s father Moores brook, the present residence of Mr. New mau, but being impoverished by tho:! war, he a nd his wife Louisa l\'l iller , a siste r of President Tyl er's first wife, passed thei r remaining days under the hO.ipitable roof of Mrs. Harper and her sou, Warner \Vood, at Farmington.

Thoma s \V. was a physi cia n , succeeded to the homestead, was a rulin6" elder in South Plaius Church, and died in 1863.

His wife was Ann, daughter of Hugh Ne lson, and his chi ldren William D. , also a physician, Mildred, the wife of George Macon, Ann, the wife of Frederick \V. Page , Eliza, the wife of N. H. Massie , and Charlotte, the second wife of T. J. Randolph Jr. 'l'homa &.,v second son of Nicholas and Margaret D. Meriwether. married Ann, daughter of Garrett Minor, of Louisa.

Th ey had four children, among whom was Peter N., who resided at Cismont, married first hi s cousin Mary, as already noted, and secoudly Mrs. Fran ces Ta !">p, and died in 185l.

Nicholas H., third son of Nicho las a nd Margaret, married Rebecca Terrell. They had six children, among wh om were Dr. Cha rl es H. , who marri ed first Ann E. Anderson, and secondly Frances E. Thomas, lived at the present station of Arrowhead, and died in 1843, Ann T. , the wife of Nicholas H. Lewis, and m ot her of Lyd ia L ., the wife of Peter, SO n of Dr. Frank Carr, and \Valker G., who married first hi s cousin Elizabeth Meriwether, and second ly hi s co usin Jaue \V. Lewis.

Charles, fourth son of Nicholas and l\'I argaret, st udied medicine in Scotland. and while visiting his Douglass kin in that country, mllrried a young lad y nam ed Lydia Laurie.

On bis return he settled in Tennessee. Lydia Laurie died, and be married twice afterwards; but her sweet-sounding name has ever since been a favorite in all branches of the connection.

Francis T., fifth son of Nicholas and Margaret, married Catharine Davis, and had six children. Among them were - 18

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Elizabetb, the wife of he r cousi n \Valker G., George D., who married his cO ll sin Alice Lewis , and Dr. Francis, who marr ied his cousin Margaret D., a nd whose daughter, Ma r y W., was the first wife of T. J. Randolph Jr. Of all thi s numerous family , there is not one now living in Alhemarle who bears the namt!. Their descendants however e re scatte red in every part of the \Vest and South. :M ICHIE.

The first Michie who settled in the co unty was 10hn, who bought land near the Hors e S hoe of th e Rivauna from John H enry, fa ther of the great orator. \Vhen the purchase was made does not appear, but be sold to Hezekiab Rice , and repurchased from him in 1763. He died in 1777 . His children were John , who died before his fath e r, Robe rt, James, Patrick , \Villiam, Sa rah, the wife of Chri stopher Wood, and Mary , the wife also of a Wood. Robert and his sisters seem to have lived in Louisa.

Patrick had his h ome southwest of Earlysville, between the Buck Mountain Road and the s outh fork of the Rivanna.

He died in 1799 . Hi s wife's name was Frances, and his children were Nancy, the wife of Joseph Goodman, James.

Eli zabe th , the w ife of Thoma s Maupin, Sarah, th e wife of William G. Martin , Ma rtha , the wife of Richard Dav is, Susan, the w ife of W ill iam Michie, Mary, the wife of John Maupin, and Dav id.

Wi ll iam became a large landholder in the same section.

H e purchased in 1793 from Lewis Webb , of New Kent, two thousand and ninety ac res in one tract. On the Buck Moun路 lain Road he establis hed the public house, which has since been knowll as Michi e's O ld Tavern. He was appointed a mag-istrale in 1791, se r ved as Sheriff in 1803, and died in 1811. lI e was tw ice ma rri ed; one o f his wiv es , it is bel ieved, being Ann, daughter of David Mills. His chi ldren by th e fir st marriage were John A" and Mary , the wife of Joh n :M ullin s , and by the second William, David and Lucy, t he wife of Benjamin Richards.

John A. was ap po inted a magistrate of t he coun t y in 1807.

His wife was Frances , dau ghter of Thomas J arma n. H e

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died in 1827. H is children were Frances J ., Ann, Sarah, E lizabeth , the wife of Bezaleel G. Brown , Th eodosia, the wife of Edmund Brown, John E . , James , William, Robert J., J onatha n, Mary and l\'lartha. Of these James attained a prominent position in the affairs of the county. He wa s a successful business man , was appointerl a magistrate in 1816, and served as Sheriff in 1843. He was an earnest Episcopalian, and displayed his zeal in active efforts to rebuild the ruins of the old Buck Mountain Church. His home was on the north fork of the Rivanna, sOllth of Piney Mountain. He died in 1850. His wife was Frances, daughter of Thomas Garth Jr., and his children Mary Elizabeth, the wife of William T. Early, Virginia, Susan, Adeline, Dr. J . Augustus, Th omas, Theresa, the wife of Lucian Michie, Alexander H. , and Henry Clay. Jonathan married a sister of Thomas J. Michie, of Staunton, and his children were John P., Margaret, the wife of Dr. Theodore Michie.

Frances, the wife of Dr. R. N. Hewitt, of Campbell County, Thomas, Chapman and Franklin.

William Michie. son of William, married, it is believed.

Susan, daughter of his uncle Pa trick. His chi ld ren were Dr. James W., David and Frances. H is brother David was a man of great enterpr ise and thri ft. In early li fe he was a merchant first in the Michie Tavern neig-hborhood, and afterwards at Milton. He invested in real estate in di{ferent parts of the county. purchasing" in 1805 from Randolph Lewis his plantation Buck Island on the north side of the Riv3nn3, whi ch be seems to have made his home till 1837. In that year he bought the brick house on the northeast corner of Market and Seven th Streets in Charlottesville. where he resided until his death in 1850 . He left no children, and his large estate was divided among his numerous relat ives, under the direction of George Carr, as administrator.

Jame s Mic;hie Jr., or Beau Jim, as be was commonly called, was the son of a \Villiam Michie. His residence was at Longwood, west of Earlysville. His death occurred in 1847.

He married Eliza Graves, of Rockingbam, and b 路s children were Dr. Theodore. Octavius, Joseph P., Lucia~, Oran.

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ALBE~IAR LE

Claudiu s N., Eugene, Catharine, the wife of \Villiam A. Rogers, Cornelia and Virginia . i'li ILLS .

I n early times three large entries of land s were made within tbecounty by persons na U1ed Mills. Betwee n 1737 and 1759 Matthew ~'I ills obtained g rants for seve nteen hundred acres on the so uth side of Mechum's River, east of the Miller School.

After his death it wa s divided among th ree s on s, ,M atthew, Charl es and Menall. In 17 82 Matthew, who at the time was liv ing in G u ilford County, No r t h Carolina, sold hi s s hare to \V111iam Leig"h, who came to tak e possession of it from Caswell C ount y, North Carolin a. The same year Charles and h is wife Mary, who were reside nts of Buckingham, sold fi ve hundred and sixty-seven a cres to Richard 'W oods, the sam e lan d th a t descended to his son Richard, th at after his deat h wa s so ld to James M ic hi e, and that is st ill in the possess ion of his SOil, Thomas Mi c hi e.

The ot her portion, five hundred and sixty-seven ac res, fe ll to Menan, who lived on it till 1800.

He then bough t from the e xecutors of Micajah Chiles the old Joel T erre ll property in Charlottesvi lle, the s quare on which t he prese nt City H a ll sta nds. He married Fran ces, daugh ter of Jobn Jouett . H e was not a p ros pero us man, a nd in 1811 a ll his possessi on s we re s old unde r deeds of tru s t, his share of his fat he r 's esta te bei ng purchased by Dani el White, and n ow ow ned by hi s grandson, S amuel G. White. Mena n Mills removed e lse where, probab ly to Kentucky, leaving four childre n , J ohn, Frances and Margaret. who we re placed under the gua rdianship of' Mi cajah Woods , and William , who was placed under that of Cl ifton Rodes.

Charles Mills between 1744 and 1756 took o ut patents for t hree thousand ac res along the foo t of Buck 's Elbow, betwee n Crozet and Whiteha ll. It is probable Cha rles was a brother of the elder 1Ihtthew , as both be longed to Han ove r, and some of their patents we re t aken out the sa me day. Cbarles's la nd was inherited by h is s on Nich ola s, who lived in Hanover, and who, after se llin g a portion of il , conveyed the remai nder in 1786 to hiS so ns , Joseph and \Villiam Mill s, and hi s sou路 in路law, J . lUes Burnley, of Loui sa . In 1790 J ose ph sold his

HISTORY OP ALBEMARLE

277

share to \Villiam, who lived in Spotsylvania, and in 1793 William sold to Jobn Burnley , the son of James.

The third series of entries was made by David Mills. They ran from 1738 to 1755, and amounted to more than eleve n thousand acres. Th ~y were located south of Earlysville , on Buck )'Iounlain and Beaverdam Creeks, and in toe Brown's Cove district. David Mills died in 176~. He and his wife Lucy had eight children, Zachariah. David, \Vyatt, Joseph, Ann. the wife of \Villiam Michie . Elizabeth, the wife of William Doswell, of Nottoway, Mary , the wife of William S. L ane, and Lu cy, the wife of Philip \Vh ite, of Hanover. David so ld out to his brother \Vyatt in 1786, and emigrated to South Carolina. \Vyatt died in 1808. He and his wife Sarah had four children, Elizabeth, the wife of James Beazley, \Vilson, John S .â&#x20AC;˘ and Sophia, the wife of F o ntaine Richards. Jose ph Mills Jr., probably the son of Jo seph . taught school in the Buck l\'[ol1ntain neig hborhood , was admitted to the bar in 1823 , and soon after removed to Harriso nburg.

A John :\(ills->vhether related to <..l1y of those before mentioned, is not known- i n 1782 married Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Field . and was owner of the la nd which is now known as Brooksvi lle. In 1795 he sold it to James Hays, and probably le ft the county.

MINOR.

John Min or. of Topping Castle, Carol ine County, was the patentee uf land all the north fork of the Rivanna as early as 1735. Of the eleven children of himself and his wife, Sarah, daughter of Thomas Carr, three have been represented ill Albema rle. His son James ca me to the county from Spotsylvania not far from 177 0, and lived on the land entered by his father east of the Burnt Mills, which he beyond all ques¡ tion first built. He was a man of energy and industry, and a public spirited magistrate. but died in 17 91, at the age of forty-five. His wife was :\1ary Carr, and his ch ildren Dabney, James, John , Sarah, the wife of \Villiam \Vardlaw, Mary, the wife of Richard H. Allen, Nancy, the wife of Dr. Thomas Yancey, and Eli zabeth, the wife of Alexander Garrett.

Dabney resembled his father in capacity for business. became

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HISTORY OF A L BEMARLE

a large landholder in th is and other co unties, and fo r a Dumber of years served as a magistrate. H e resided at fir s t at the home of his fath er, b ut subsequently purchased Carrsbrook, a nd there spe nt hi s la s t years. He died in 1824, about fifty years of age. He wa s twice married , fir s t to Eliza Johnson, a niece of William 'Virt, a nd secondly t o Martha J. , daughter of Richard Terrell, and g ran dd aughte r o f Mr. J effe rson's siste r , M art ha. By the first m a rriage hi s chil dre n

were Mil dred, the wife of Hud son Martin, Catharine , the wife of E. \V. Reinhart, Sarah , th e wife of Jam es Tompkin s , and \Villiam \V 0' of Gale Hill , and by the seco nd Luc y J the wife of Robe rt N. Tr ice. Jam es lived at Braokbill, on tbe south fork of the Rivanna. Hi s wife was Catharine T o mpkin s, and hi s c hil d ren Dabney, J o hn , J a mes. Elizabeth, the wife of Sa muel Moore , Ann, the wife of Rev. Albert Holladay, mi ssio nary to Persia, and Preside nt -Elect of Hampden-Sidney College. Cath arine, the wife of R ev . Luther Emerson, and Martha, the wife of Lafaye tte Harris. H e depa rted this life in 1848. Jobn was a phys ician, and married Jane Bell, a Scotch lady , who was a reside nt of Lynchburg. H e resided at Ga le H ill , wh ic h at hi s death in 184-1 he devised to his nephew, \Villiam W. Mi nor.

An ot her son of John )' Iinor, of Topping Castle, was Gar. rett, of L o u isa, who married Mary O. T erre l,I. Th e ir son Peter ca me to the county early in the ce ntury , and married Lucy, daughter of Dr, George Gi lm er , of Pen Park. In 1809 be purchased from J esse and John K ey the prese nt farm of Ridg-eway, and in 18 11 was appointed Tre a s urer of the Rivanna Navigation Company, H e was for many years Secretary of the County Agric ultura l Society, in the great objects of wh ich he was deeply inte rested. To hi s wife George Divers at hi s death in 1830 left one-third of his estate. He died in 1835, and h is c hildren we r e Hugh, Fra nklin, Peter C" George, J o hn S. , James E., Martha, the wife of Robert Grattan . Lucy , the w ife of Dr. Charles Minor, and Mary , the wife of R. W. N. Nola nd. Hug h married firs t a Fry , and second ly Ma ry Ann, daughter of J . B o uc her Carr, and lived at Ridgeway; bu t excha nging it with hi s brother Franklin 'J

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

279

for the Rigory, he resided there until his death in 1858.

Franklin married Lucy Ann, daughter of Dr. John Gilmer, of Edgemont, and established a classical school at the Rigory, but afterwards removed it to Ridgeway, where it attained a wide-spread reputation. H e died in 1867, but owing to ill health, and the interruption of the war. the school had been relinqui shed some years before. Samuel 0., another son of Garrett, married Lydia Laurie, daughter of Thomas W. -Lewis, of Locust Grove. In 1817 he bought from Martin Dawso n upwards of six hundred acres on the north side of the Rivanna, below Milton. He afterwards lived and conducted a school at the Farm. Dr. James H. Minor, of Music Hall, and Elizabeth, the wife of Andrew Brown, were his children.

Another son of John Minor, of Topping Castle. was Major John. whose son Launcelot, of Minor's Folly in Louisa, marriell Mary O. Tompkins. Several of their chi ldre n resided in Albemarle. Lucian was admitted to the bar in 1830, practised for a time in Charlottesville, and subsequently became Professor of Law ill \Villiam and .:\iary. John B., after practising law for a brief period in Buchanan on James River, settled in Charlottesville, erected as his home the house at Northwood, the prese nt residence of Charles Benson, and in 1845 entered upon his distinguished career as Professor of Law in the University of Virginia, where be died in 1896.

Dr. Charles. who married Lucy. daughter of Peter Minor, taught a classical school at Brookhill, and afterwards lived until his death in 1862 at Land 's End, near Stony Point.

George W . Truebeart, a son of Ann Minor, daughter of Launcelot, and wife of Overton Trueheart , was for a time a member of the Albemarle bar.

MONROE.

President James Monroe was for many years a citizen of Albemarle. Being a great admirer as well as a special favorite of Mr. Jefferson, he was attracted to the county by his influence. His first purchase of real estate was made from George Nicholas in 17 90. He then bought from him Lots Seventeen and Eighteen in Charlottesville, with the Stone

28 0

HISTOR\' OF ALBEMARLE

H ouse wh ic h ~icholas had erected the reon. That was his fir st res idence . At the sa me time he purc ha sed the farm on which the U n iversity sta nds. In the conveyance of his town property to Peter :'Iarks in Se pte m ber 1790, it is recited that be sold to him "the pine plank a nd mater ial s deposikd the reon, except that which W3S p laned, and the walnut plank ," and rese rved ill the house "room for h is furniture and family, until hi s bouses were ready to receive them on his farm. " T his fa rm he also bought from George Ni cholas . wb o, ba\'illg purc based more th a n two th ou sa nd acres in differe nt parts of the counly, sold them, and removed wi t hout making conveya nces for any of the m ; and it was 110t until nearly twenty yea r s after his death, that James Morri s on, bi s execut or , gave t itle to the hei r s of hi s vendees. For the lan d be sold i\Ir . .Monroe, no deed wa s ever made , or at least was eve r recorded; on account of IvIr. Mon roe's celebrity, and the property having changed b a nds several times, perbaps it was deemed unnecessary. The house Mr. Monr6e w as getting- ready on his farm, was part of that now occupied

by Professor Thornton, s itu ated all what is still called Mon r oe H ill.

But he did not reside the re long. I n 1793 he purchased on th e eas t s id e of Carter's Mountain, whe re he was a s till closer neighbo r to Mr. J effer son. Part of this land he bough t from Mr . J effer son, and part fro m \Villiam C. Carte r. His home was A sh Lawn, now owned by Rev. John E. Massey. H e re he lind till the ter mination of his pre s ide nc y , when all his la nds in th e county, amounti ng to be tween four and five th otl~and acres , we re so ld, or transferred to the United S t ates Bank , in payment of hi s deb ts. Like Mr. J efferson, he was so co mple tely absorbed in hi s public enga gements , and so frequ ent ly and long absent froUl h o me , that his private affairs suffered from neglect. \Vhen a man's mind is accus tomed to dwell upon the broad expa n se of a nation' s interests. it is not unn atural pe rhaps t h at h e sho uld insensibly coctract a 'sor t of s ubl ime indiffe re nce to the p etty ran ge of his mere per路 sonal conce rns. As already stated, Mr. Monroe never did get a deed for hi s U niversi ty l and, and that whichhe bought

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281

from \Villiam C. Carte:- in 1793. was not conveyed to him till 1827. He was appointed a magistrate in 1798, and the latter half of the next year he sat regula rly on the bench.

His wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Lawrence Kortright, a captain in the British army, and his children Eliza and Maria.

Eli za was married to George Hay , United States Attorney for the Di strict of Virginia, at his home in the co unty in 1808, and .Maria to Samue l L. Governeur, of Xew York, in \Vashington, while he was Presi dent. At the expiration of his seconrl term, he removed to Oak Hill, a farm he had purchased in Loudoun.

The President had an elder brother, Andrew, who , it is believed, in 1781 purcha sed a farm near Batesville, where he resided for four years. In 1816 he was livin g on a farm whi c h the President purchased o n Limestone , below Milton .

He died in 1828. A 5011, Augustine G., was admitted to the Albemarle bar in 1815. Another son, James, born in the county, was an officer in the United Stated arlllY, acted as the President's private secretary, rua "ried a daughter of James Douglass. an adopted son of Rev. \Villiam Douglass, of Ducking Hol e, Louisa. and sett led in New York City, where be was active in po!itical affairs, and where he was appointed to perform his last public service as a member of the Peace Convention in 1861.

Joseph Jones Monroe, another brother of the President, became a member of the Albemarle bar, married Elizabeth, daughter of James K err, was appointed Commonwealth's Attorney in 1811 as successor to Judge Dabney Carr, and the nex t year gave place to William F. Gordon. In 1812 his daughter Harr iet was married in Charlottesville to Edward Blair Cabell, and re moved to Keytesvi lle. Mo. He himself subsequently removed to Missouri, where he died in Franklin County in 1824. )IOON.

The gecea logy of the ~[oons is somewhat diffi cult to trace.

It seems however that two brothers, Jacob and \Villiam. settled in the county iu early times . In 1750 Jacob pur~

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UISTOR\, OF Al.BEMARLE

chased land from Thomas Fitzpatrick in the gorge of the south fork of Hardware. He also entered a s m a ll tract in the same vicinity. He sold out in 177i, and removed to Bedford County. \Villiam bought a thousand acres from H ardin Burnley on the lower Hardware. \Vhell this purc hase was m ade is not known. but the fact is stated in a conveyance of part of the land made by Moon to John Lewi s in 1760. H e died in 1800. His w ife's name was Elizabeth, a n d hi s children were William, Richard, L ittlebury, Jacob , Judith , the wife of Cbarles Moorman, Susan, the wife of Thoma s Tilman, )[ar1ha, the wife of William Viers, who removed to Mason County, Kentucky, Elizabeth, the wife of H e nry A. Brya nt , Lucy, the wife of John Steele, a nd Sarah, the wi fe of Robe rt Moorwan.

William married Charlotte, daughte r of Jobn Digges and Eli zabeth Harris, of Nelso n Count y. The ir c h ildren were John Digges, Robert, Ricb a rd , E l izabeth, the wife of John Steele, Edward H ., and Mildred, the wife of Nathaniel Anderson. He was at one time the owner of Belle Grove, the plantation above Scottsvi lle on whic h th e o ld courthouse stood. In 18 19 he was appointed a magi s trate of the county.. and died in 1833. John D., who wa s ca lled Senior to distinguis h him from a cousin of the s ame name, married Mary E. Barchy, st ep-daug hte r of John Harri s, and h is howe was at Mou nt Ai r . H e became a mag istrate in 1835 , and died in 1869. His c h ildren wer e Robert B., who was appointed a magistrate in 1846, served a s County S urVeyor, m a rried Mary , daughter of Nat hani el ~1a ssie , and died in HI9l, Sa rah, \Villiam F. , who married Marietta Appling, and rewoved to T euuessee, and whose "on, Judge John A. Moon represents the Chattallooga district in Congress, Ann, J . Schuyler, James N., ),[ary and J . Luther. Ri chard lived for a time in T en nessee, and as a mark of distindion bore the addition of T. to his name . Edward H . married Ann :Maria Barclay, another step路 da ughte r of John Harris, and lived at Viewwont, tbeold Fry homestead. H e died in 1853.

H is chi ldrcn werc "homa s B., Oria ua , the wife of Dr. John

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

283

S. Andrews, Charlotte, I saac A . , Sarab , Mary and Edmonia.

Ricbard, son of tbe first \Villiam, died in 1819. His wife's name was \Vin ifred, and his cbildren were Tholllas, Richard, â&#x20AC;˘ who lived on Briery Creek , and hence had the affix B. to dis tingui sh bim from Richard T., \Villiam, Natha niel , who married his cousin Roxana Moon, and removed to Ups hur County, Elizabeth, the wife of J eremia h Cleveland, Sara h , the wife of \Villiam Cleveland , Lucy, Fleming, Ja cob, Martha and Samuel W. \Villiam married Elizabeth Hamner, and his children were John, \Villiam, Roxana , th e wife of H enry Boatright, Arcber, Martha, Eli zabeth , l udith, Sarah, Pleasant, and "m.ildred, the wife of Thomas Garland. Ja cob married Elizabeth Darueille, and his c hildren were John D. Jr., Isaac D., Elizabeth, Mary, the wife of Thomas N. Tri ce, Charlotte, Anna, and i\'1artha Louisa .

Littlebury married Sarah, daughter of Th omas Stap les. and died in 1827 . Hi s children were Maria , the wife of Samuel O. Moon, son of Littlebury Moon, of Buckingham County, and Jane Hopkins, Martha. tbe wife of Littlebury Moon, a brother of Samuel 0., Mary, the wife of \Villiam H. Turner, and Mildred, the wife of Rev. Thomas J . Deyerle.

Jacob , son of the first William, married :Vlildred JIamner, and died in 1811. Hi s cbildren were Samuel, Schuyler, Mary, Roxana, the wife of Nathauiel Moon, Susau, Turner , and Elizabeth, the wife of William Hopkins.

It is said the early Moons . like the Lewises of the same part of tbe county, were largely engaged in the business of transportation on James River, and after its construction, on the canal.

MOORE.

John Moore was appointed the executor of Matthew Jouett in 1745. the same year the county of Albemarle was organâ&#x20AC;˘ ized . It is likely his first wife was Matthew Jouett's daughter. He was evidently a man of mea ns and fine busi ness capacity. At different times he owned more than five thousand acres in the county, including Lot No. Three, on whic h the first court at the new county sea t was held, several of the outlots around Charlottesville, a thou sand

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HISTORY OF AL BJ<;lIARL E

acres o n Mead ow Creek , and more tban thirteen bundred east of the Sout b \Vest ;\[ou ntai n , o n part of wbi ch stood his home , subsequently the home of Reuben Lind say. From the fact that it was through his land east of the town the road to th e ri ver was ma de, it is su rm ised the name of Moore's was gi,'en to the ford, whi ch crossed jus t be low the sit e of the Free Br idge. H e wa s a large landholder also in Louisa, to wh ich cou nty he re moved after selling his resideuce in Albe marle. H e died in 1785 . H e appears to have been joined in matri mo ny the seco nd time with Ma rtha , daughter of th e elder J ohn H arvie. H isc hildren were Jobn, Edward, James , ~latth ew. Frances, the wi fe of John lIe nderso nJr ., and Eliza beth, the wife fir s t of Tu cker \Voodsou , and secondly of Major Jose ph Crockett. It is thought tbat \Villiam Nloore. wh o ma.rried :M ary, da ughter of Colonel John Marks and ;\[rs. Lucy Lewis, and lived in Georgia, was also his son by tbe las t marriage.

John was one of hi s fat ber 's executors, and probably lived in Lou isa. Matthew rece ived from bis fath er a farm on tbe borders of L ouisa, whi ch he and his wile L etitia sold in 1774 to Rev. ;\l att bew ~lat1ry, and removed South. Edward occupied a position of co nsiderab le prominence, but unfortunate habits seem to h ave ruined both him and hi s estate. lIe wa s a magistrate. and in the decade of 17 90 represented the county ill the Hou se of Delegates. H is plantation of five hundred acres, which he bought from John Harvie . lay on th e Gordonsvi lle Road below Kes wick, and in 1805 wa s sold under deed of tru s t t o Wi ll iam D. Meriwether, Overwhelmed with debt. s tripped of his property, and d eclared insane in U:I07, he was by order of Court placed in the As ylum, where he died the nex t year. Iri s wi fe was l\Ii ldred, ctaughter of â&#x20AC;˘ Colonel Charles L ewis Jr ., of Bu ck Island. His son, John L ewi s, was left by hi s uncle I s ham Lewi s . a thousand acres of land 011 Blue Run. on the Barboursvi lle Road, whi ch he sold ill IS07 to Jam es Barbour. A daughter Ann is ment io ned. to whol11 her brother J ohn Lewi s was appointed gna.rdian, and a SO il Charles, who was bound as apprentice for four years to Wittia m \Vatson.

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Another family named )'Ioore resided in the coun ty , the <1escendants of wh ic h st ill re ma in in considerab le numbers, though bearing different nam es. C ontrary t o the usual course of em igration , three brot hers, Richa rd, William and Stephen, came to Albemarle fr om Perso n County, Nortb Carol ina, sometime before the Revol u t ionary War; yet it is said by r ela tives now l iving- in North Carolina , that the famil y 6rst emigrated thither fr om Albemarle. Richard lived on the head waters of the sou th fork of Hardware, not fa r from the Cove. H e was twi ce married, first to L etitia )'Iartin, and secondly to Keturah, daug hter of \ViIliam Austin, and died in 1809. H e had twelve ch ildre n , the most of whom. it is heiie\'ed , removed to T ennessee. \Villiam l ived at fir st near Ri cbard, but afterwards in the Xorth Ga rden , o n the place rece ntly owned by th e late Garrett \Vhite. H e married Mary, daughter of \VilliaUi Gooch , and died in 1818. H is son, D,Yer, was a cap tain in th e war of 1812 , and removed t o T en nessee, where he married )'Iary, daughter of J ames Lewis.

Stephen was a man of industry and sound judgment. acquired a l arg~ estate, and died in 1833. Hi s home was in North Garden, the same place recen tly occupied by his gra ndson , \Vill ia m Durrett. H is wife, it is said, was a Miss Roy ster , and his children Sarah , the w ife of Marcus Durrett, Caroline, the wife of John ,"Vb ite, a nd Eliza, the wife of H e nry Carter !o.'Ioore, a kinsman al so from Korth Carolina. H . Carte r Moore resided where Anderson Rothwell now liv es, and died in 1867. The only son in his large family, She pherd, died w ithout c hildre n in 1871.

MQQR)IAN.

Charles Moorman ca me from the Isle of W ight, England, and in 174-1- was liv ing in Loui sa, not far from the Green Spring. He was a le ading Quaker, and at that time he and his son Thomas were overseers o f the Fr ie nd s' Meeting House on Camp Creek , in Loui sa. As early a s 1735 th ey were both patf'ntees of land with in the present bo unds of Albemarle.

Charles entered four hundred acres "a t the forks of the Rivanna , nea r the Blue Mount ai ns" - the junction of Mechum's and Moorman ' s Rivers-a nd the entry of Thomas compre -

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I:IISTOR\' OF

ALBE~fARLF.

bended tbe present Carrsbrook. and was descriDed as "includ ing the Indian Grave low grounds. " Seve n years lat er Thomas e ntered a larger tra ct further up the Moorman's, and thu s gave his nam e to that stream. Charle Iso purcha sed -S land OIl Totier Creek , wh ere two of nis so ns, Thoma s and Robert, afterward s lived. He him self appea rs neve r to have resided in the county. H e married Ma r y, daughter of Abraham Venab le, wh ose home was on Byrd Creek in Goochland, and hi s ch ildren were Thomas, Cha rles , Robert , Achilles, Jame s, Judith, the wife of Christopher A nthon y, Elizabeth, tbe wife of Christopher J oh nson, Agnes, the wife of John Venable, and Mary, the wife of a Taylor.

Thomas Moorman was married twice, fir st t o Rachel , daughter of Chri stop her Clark, and seco ndly to Eli zabe th. da ughter of R obert and Mourning Adams. H e d ied in 17&1., a nd left one so n, Robert, who died in 1813, whose wi Go w, Dorothy, became the wife of John T. Holma!l , and whose chil d re n were Dorothy, the wife of James L. Nevi lle , Mary , the wife of Eli Tutwiler, Eli zabeth Ann, the wife of Rober t L . J efferso n , and Robert J. Charles married Judith , daughter of William ).100n. Rohert married Sa rah , another daughter of William Moon, and had eight children, of who m Mar y wa s the wife of \Villiam Roper, and Elizabeth the wife of Benjamin J ohnso n , of Locust Hill o n James River; th ese last we re the parents of Janet , the wife of Austin M. Appling, Sarah, the wife of John Darneille, Louisiana, th e wi fe of Edwin II. Gooch , and Dorothy , the wife of \ViIl iam A. Turner. Robert Moorman so ld his la n d on Tot ier Creek to John H arris in 1792, and with the view of emigratin g to South Caroli na, appoin ted John Hudson a nd \Villiam Roper h is attorneys in fac t.

Achilles marr ied ..Ma ry , daughte r of Robert a nd Mourn ing Adam s , a nd re moved to Bedford Coun ty . The la nd o n l\l echuuk, which ca me t o the wives of Thomas and Achilles from their father, Robert Adams, was purchased by Dr. George Gi lmer, of Pen Park.

MORRIS.

Two perso ns named Morris obta ined patents for land in 1743, Hu g h on the lower Hardware, and Ja cob on T ot ier

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Creek. They were, as their names indicate, of \Velsh origin, and the strong probability is they were brothers. Jacob's daughter Ann became the wife of Jacob Kinney, subse· Quently a citizen of Staunton. Kinney owned the Stone Tavern in 'Varren , and Lots Seve n and Eight in Charlottes· ville. His widow and daughter, ~lrs. Matilda Stribling, sold the property in \Varren to \Villiam Brown in 1812, and the lots to Twyman \Vayt in 1815. It m ay be stated, that the Kinney family were residents of Albemarle at an early date. In 177 9 the father, William Kinney, bought a tract of land on the lower Hardware from \Villiam ~'I oo n Sr .• which his heirs. Ches ley , Jacoh, \Villiam and Nancy Whitesides, then of Amberst , sold in 17 95 to William Moon Jr. Hugb Morri s, sometime previous to ·1769. purchased land in tbe North Garden. contiguous to the Cross Roads. An Episcopal Church was built on this land, 011 the hill south of the village, and in the conveyance of th e land to his so n in 1772, Hugh rec ites that he never gave the land the church occupied, but invests bis son with pONer to act as it see med best. He tIied in 1774. His son, Hugh Ri ce l'\'[orris, resided on the land in North Garden , and died in 1820. It is said he was an Epi scopal clergyman. In the notice of his death it was stated, that he was present at th e first court held in the county. and witnessed the proceedings attending its organization.

About 18 17 be built the m ill below the Cross Roads, now known as Kidd 's Mill. His wife's name was Ann, and his chi ldren Henry. Samuel, Ri ce, William , Tandy and Elizabeth.

Rice removed to Augusta County, but returned to Albemarle. and resided in the neighborhood of Scottsville; his daughter Sarah became the wife of Robert Dyer. Tandy was a physician. aud practised in the vi ci nity of \Varren. William married Ann, daugbter of Marshall Durrett, bough t from Howell Lewis the farm , with the large brick hou se, on which Stephen Carpenter now resides, and died in 1832.

His son \Villiam married H ele o, daughter of James Alex ander, aod removed to Mississippi. Heory continued to live near the Cross Roads. The old church, a woode n structure, becoming dilapidated by the ravages of time, he gave the

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ground in the village, on which the brick edifice was erected.

He departed this life in 1859.

NEILSON.

John Nei lson, a native of I rela nd, a carpe nter by trade. was attracted to Albemarle by the e rection of t he U niversi ty buildings. \Vhile engaged in this work , he pro~pered in his affairs.

He bough t from J oseph Bi s hop several acres between Vinegar Hill a nd the Whitehall Road , and built one or two of th e brick houses in R a ndom Row. He a lso built the large brick near the forks of the Lync hburg Road, which afterwards became the prope rty 01 Professor Blaetterman, ill which his wife fo r a time conducted a semi nary for yOllng ladies, and which is now owned by G. L . Bruffey.

He purchased the Refuge, th e old Jone s plantation in the southern part of the county, w here Maj o r Anbury, the Rev olutionary prisoner , indited a uumher of hi!:lletters. He di ed in 1827 , devising his property to bis family s till residing in Ireland. Andrew Le itch, as his execu to r, ca rried out the provision s of his will.

NELSON.

Sol omon Nelson in 1759 bought from John Grills two hund red acres on )'loore' s Creek, a nd built tb e first m ill that occupied the site of th at n ow owned by Hartm an. Th is trac t he sold in 1764 to J ohn ).[oore, and bought from Edwa rd Ca rte r a p&rcel of land in the Ragged Mou nta in s, n ot far fr om Batesv ill e . H e sold this place in 177 3, and no doubt removed fr om the COlloty.

Th e large tracts in North and Sout h Ga rd e n, patented in tbe nam e of )'l ildred Meriwether, we re sold by her and ber hu sban d , John Syme, to President William Ne lso n, of York-town , and by h im devised to his son R obert . Robert and his w ife Su s an sold them illconrse of time to different parties.

III refe re nce to these interes ts in North and South Garden, Sa muel ),Iurrell acted as Mr. Nelson 's a ge nt. H e was a lso the own er of a tract of upwards of two thousand acres on :-'lec bunk , whi c h was patented by Th om as Darsie in 1733, desce nded to his son Th omas, and by h im sold in 1748 t o

HISTORY OF AL BEMAR LE

289

James Power. How. or when, it came into the hands of Rober t Nelsol). is n ot known, but in 1778 he sold it to J ohn Clark.

,

Hug h Nelson, son of Governor Thomas, and g randson of Preside nt William, became a citizen of Albemarle in 1802.

In th&.t year he was a dmi tted a m ember of its bar. He married Eliza, daughter of Francis Kinloch, of South Carolina , and Mildred. only daughter of John \Valker, eldest son of Dr. Thomas \Valker. His home wa s at Belvoir, on the east side of the South West Mountain. In 1803 he purchased from Lilburn L e wi s his plantation of n ea rly nine hundred acres on the north side of the Rivann3 , which in 1815 he sold to John R. Campbell, and wh ich is now in part the property o f David Hancock's heirs. He represented the coul:lCy in the Hou se of Delegates, of which he was Spea ker , and was a mem bt:: r of Congress from 1811 to 1823, when be resigned to accept the appointment of l\!lin ister to Spain. In 1819 he became a magistrate o f the county. He died in 1836. His children were Francis K" Mildred, tt.:! wife"'Of Thomas Nelson, of Clark, Ann, the wife of Dr. Thomas Meriwether, Dr, Thomas, of Elk Hill, Rev. Cleland K., Keating, and Dr. Robert \V., who still li ves to represe nt the nam e in Albe路 marie.

NICHOLAS.

The first patentee of land on James River within the present county w as George Nicholas, of \Villiamsburg. He made the entry-the third in the county-o f twenty-six hundred acres in 1729. Th is was Dr. George Nicholas, the , immigrant , as the same laud descended to his eldest son, Robert Carter Nicholas, Trea s urer of the colony. Rohert Carter never lived in Albemarle, J ohn, Dr. George's second son, became its Clerk in 1750, and contin ued to hold the office till 1792. In that year he resigned, and spent the rema inder of his life in the southern part of the co unty, or in Buckingham. His wi fe was Martha, daughter of Colonel Joshua Fry, and hi s chi ldre n John, Robert, George, Joshua, Elizabeth, and another daughter. the wife of a Scott. John - 19

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succeeded his fath e r as Clcrk. He was a n extensive d ealer in the real estate of the cou nty. He purchased a large plan t atio n near I vy De pot, on which he lived for some years , and which he s old to Dabney and Thomas Gooch. H e beca me the owner of all the land surrounding Charlottesville on the sout h and we st, extending from the Scottsville Road to ),Ieadow Cree k. His las t residence was at Hor de Vi ll e , whe re James D. Goodman now lives. In 1815 he resigned his office, and removed to Buckin g bam . Hi s wife was Loui~a Howe Carter, of Williamsburg.

His brother J os hua , who was for a time his deputy, married. Sara h , da ughte r o f Peter .M arks. and removed to Charlotte County.

Three of Robert Carter Nicholas's SOllS, George. \Vilson Cary and Lewis. were res idents of A lbema rle . George wa s Captain, Major and Colonel in the Revolutiona r y army .

After the war he practised law in Charl ottesv ille , and in 1788 was a member of the House of Delegates, and of the Convention to ratify the United States Constitutio n . He owned the square on which Lipscomb 's Stab le s tand s, and bu ilt a s hi s residence the sto ne house, which w as long know n as the Stone T avern. He purchased abou t two thousand acres of land in the county, part of it that on whic h the Unive r s ity stands, part on Moore 's Creek, a n d part in the wes te rn sec tion all I vy Creek and L ickinghole. He married Mary , sister of General Samuel Smith, of Baltimore . In 1790 he removed to Kentucky, was act ive in it s formation as a State, and was its first Attorney General. At the time of hi s removal , he so ld most of his land s to S amuel Beale, of James C ity , but died in 1799 before they we re trans fe rred; and this act was not accomplished till 18 18, w h en J a m es Morrison. hi s executor, conveyed them to Beale's he irs.

WilSall Cary was a lso a soldier of the Revolution, the commande r of Washington's Life Guards. He filled the offi ces of magistrate of th e co unt y, m e mber of the Legislature , United States Senator , and Governor of V irgi nia. His home was all his plantatio n on Jam es Rive r , including Warren , which he laiel out as a town in 1794. Hi s d ~s ire for acq uiring the broad acres amounted to a passion. Besides

HISTOkY OF ALBEMARLE

29 1

h is possessions in the so uthern part of the county, he owned about two thousand acres at the Barracks, more than a thou · sand on both sides of the Rivanua, including Carrsbrook, and tens of thousand s of acres in Bedford and Botetourt, and on the Ohio River. H e was in consequence greatly oppressed with burd enso me debts, which uo doubt con · tri buted to th e shorte ning of hi s days. Being advised to travel on account of ill health, he set out for the North; but u nable to continue his journey, he returned on hi s way home as far as Tufto n , then the r~ si dence of his son-in- law, Colo· nel T. J . Randolph, where he d ied in 1820. Hi s wife was Margaret, siste r of his brother George's wife, and h is ch il· dren Mary, the wife of John Patterso n, Cary Ann, the wife of John Smith, and mother of Margaret, Robe rt H ill Carter's wife, Robert C., Wilson C. , Margaret, Jane, the wife of T. J . Randolph, J oh n S., Sarah, and Sidne y, the wife of Dabney Carr, Minister to Constantinopl e.

Lewi s had his home at Alta Vista, a fine plantation west of Green Mountain. H e became iov::>lved in h is brothe r Wil so n's embarra ssme nts , and wa s thereby serious ly broken in fortune. He married Frances, daughter of \Viltiam Harr is, and his c hildren were John 5., \Vi lson C. , Robe rt , Cary Ann, the wife of Rev. Charles Wingfield , and Sara h , the wife of John H . Coleman. John S. and \Vilson C. were appointed magistrates of the county in 1838.

OLD.

John Old came to Albemarle from Lancaste r County , Pennsy lvania , in 17 69, and engaged with John Wilkin so n in establishing a forge for the manufacture of iron. Thi s was erected in the gorge of the south fork of Hard· ware, a short distance sou th of Garland 's Store. In 1782 he bought from William Hamner nine hundred acres on the north fork of Hardwa re , at the crossing of the old Lynchburg Road , and there bui lt another forge.

Th is was a widely known point in it s day. Mr. J effer· son mentions it in his Notes. The road to it was spoke n of as the road to Old' s Forge oftener perhaps than as the Lynch· burg Road. This property he so ld in 1793 to Henry \Veaver

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and his brother J a w es. H e died in 1809 . He and bis wife Sa rah had a son J ohu, and a daughte r Sa ra h, the wife of E dward Garland. Johu married in 1785 E lizabet h, daugbter of Benjamin Dod Wheei<':T, and died in 181 2 . His c hildre n were Nancy, the wife of Thomas E uba nk , who re moved to Mouroe County, Kentucky, E lizabeth. the w ife of Reuben Eu ba nk , Ann, the wife of Jose ph F. \Vingfield, Thomas J. , G eorge \V" and probably Abijah. Thoma s and George removed to Campbell County . Abijah m a rried Sa rah Fretwell , lived ill the neighborhood of O ld's Forge, and died in 1840. H is children were James A., John, \Villiam, Martha, Mary, the wife of 1 0hn B. Donglass, and Sarah, the wife of Samue l NOTyel1. The most of the la st fa mil} remo ve d to Mi sso uri.

James O ld, brother of the fir st J ohn , ca me to Alb emarle severa l yea rs afte r h is brothe r. He had been a Revolutio nary soldier, was in the unfortunate exped it io n again s t Quebec , and fo u ght in the b attl e of Long I s lan d. H is home was on Black Walnut Branch, between Mount O livet Churc h and Garland's Store. H e built the m ill two miles east of Red H ill Depot about 1804. He died unmarried in 182 1, devis路 iug the mill to George 1\1. Woods and James O ld Walters.

OLDHAl\I .

J ames O ldham was one of the con tractors for e recting the buildings of th e University. Thi s work most probably allured him t o the county, and its profits ind uced him t o settle in it. I n 1828 he purchased from the trustees of Benjamin H a rdi n th e land on the Staunton Roa d, immediately east of r..'lechum's R ive r De pot. There he ke pt for some years a house of public e ntertainment . H e see ms to have been of an irascible t empe r. In s u ch a state of mind he s hot Arc belaus Robertson, the son of a neig hbor abo ut Chri st路 mas 183'L As the g raud jury decl ined to indi ct him, the re musl have bee n but s li g ht injury , and likely some provoca路 l io n . Hi s wi fe was Mary, daughter of H e nry Ga mbell. He died in 1843.

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PAGE.

In former times several Pages lived in Albemarle. In 1770 Robert Page purchased from Hezekiab Inman four hundred acres on Taylor's Creek, near the border of what is now Nelson. His children were James, \Villiam, Robe rt, George, Samuel, Nicholas, Jane, the wife of Burgess Griffin, Mary, the wife of Sherrard Griffin. and Elizabeth, the wife of Peter Davis. of Hanover. All of these emigrated to Adair Couuty, Kentucky, except \Villiam, and Nicholas, who died in 1817. In 1829 Nicholas M. Page, sou of the younger Robert. returned to Albemarle, where for some years he pros~ ecuted business as a merchant in Batesville, and achieved the notab le task of administering the great estate of Samuel Miller. He was a magistrate under the old regime, having been appointed in 1841. He still liVf~s, a venerable memorial of a former generation. A \Villiam Page was the owner of land below Milton, and of Lot Forty in Charlottesville, in the early part of the century. \Vhen he sold the lot in 1815, he was described as a citizen of Nelson. He may have been the William mentioned above.

Dr. Mann Page, son of Major Carter Page, of Cumberland, came to the county about 1815. In that year he was united in marriage to Jane Frances, daughter of Francis \Valker.

His home was at Turkey Hill, a part of the Castle Hill place. which his wife inherited from her father. Dr. Page was ap pointed a magistrate of the county in 1824, and died in 1850.

His children were Maria, Ella, Jane, Charlotte, William, Francis W., Carter H., Frederick \V., Mann, Thomas W ., and Dr. R. Channing, of New York.

PATR1CK.

John Patrick, of Augusta, bought nearly a thousand acres in the ¡western part of the county, most, if not all, being a portion of the immense Chiswell patent. His purchase commenced in 1765. Two years after he conveyed three hundred acres to his son Charles; the remainder he appears to have sold to other persons. Charles died in 1797. His children were John, Charles, Ma r y, the wife of Joseph Burgber,

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Racbel, the wife of Thoma s Smith, Martha, t he w ife o f J oel Smith, and Margaret. Charles married Do rcas, da ug hter o f Samuel Black, and removed to Fayette Connt y, K entu ck y.

J ohn succeeded to bis father's place, and died in 1832. H e was twi ce m arried, and hi s chi ldren were J ohn ~I. , Ma ry Susan, t he wife of Thom as O. Carr, a nd the wife of J ames Lobba n . The old ho mestead is still in t he possessi on of one of th e descendants, Sarah A. Patri ck, who became the w ife of J a mes \V . Timberlake.

PERRY.

George Perry wa s the owner of nearly five hu nd red acres on She ph erd's Creek, a tributary of the lower H ard ware, just before the RC\'o!utionary \VaT. I t is li kel y he was t he fa tbe r of J ohn :'It Perry, t he lUost n oted o f th e na me reside nt in Albemarle. Countenan ce is g-iven to tbis view by the fact . that John ~I. fir st appears in t he same sec t io n of the connty â&#x20AC;˘ â&#x20AC;˘ purchasing in 1S04 from H enry \ Vood a parcel of la nd. on Buck I sland, wh ich two years later he sold to Mart in R ai ley .

A bo ut th e sa me time a brother. Re ube n. bo ug ht fro m \ Vbita ker Carter his iuteres t in h is fa ther 's laud s in Kentucky , aud in all probability removed to that State . George Perr y, who owned a tract of more than t hree h u nd red acres o n Moore 's Creek, and in IS17 sold it to Ne lso n Ba rksda le. was perhaps another brother.

J oh u M. in IS14 purcha sed from J ohn N ichola s, th e Connty Clerk, a tract of land including th a t o n wbi cb the U n iversi ty stands, and three years aher sold that pa rt of it to A lexa n der Garrett, as Proctor of t he Cen t ral U n iversi ty. In ISI S he hought from J a mes Scott the H yd rau li c Mill s, a nd from Da\Oid J. Lewis a large plantation in th e same ne ig b borhood .

At the same time he was bu sily e ngaged as acollt ractor in the erection o f bui ldi ngs. lIe cons t ructed a n u mbe r o f the edifices connected with the University, aud bu ilt a s hi s own residence th e brick hou se ncar by, k n own as r..'[ o ntebell o. He a lso built the mansion of Judge P h ili p Ba r bo ur o n bis place Frascati, nol far froUl Gordousvi lle. H e was a ppointed a mAgistrate in 18 16, and fo r some yea rs took a n active part in the busi ness of the county . I n I S29 he began se lling off his

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property , in 1834 disposing of the Hydrauli c Mills to Nathan iel Burnley and Rice \Vood, and his land in that vicinity to William P. Farish. A year or two later he removed to Missouri, and s ubsequently to Mississippi, where he soon after died. Hi s wife's name was Frances and his children were Ann, the wi fe of Samuel Campbell, Elizabeth, the wife of George W. Spooner, who was associated with him in his work at the Unive rsity, and Calvin L ., who was admitted to the bar in 1828, and married Mary Tutt , a sister of Professor Bonnycastle's wife.

PEYTON.

John Peyton, son of Craven Peyton, of Loudoun County, was an officer in the Revolutionary army, and during the war was sent to Fluvanna County to purchase supplies. T hree nephews , sons of his brother Va lentine, joined him there, Cra ven, Robert and J oh n. The nephews settled in Milton, and Robert and John died unmarri ed at an early age. Craven, inheriting the property of his brothers, and likely that of his uncle, who also died unmarriec1, became the possessor of a large estate. He purchased from the family of B enne tt Henderson more than eleven hundred acres surrounding Milton, which in 1811 he sold to Mr. Jefferson. He also ac quired from his father-in-law nearly a thousand acres on both sides of the Rivanna, including the old Lewis homestead of Monteagle, which he made his home. He married Jane Jeffe rson, daughter of Charles Lilburn Lewis and his wife Lucy, a sister of 1\1r. Jefferson. H e died in 1837. His children were Margaret, the second wife of Ish am R. Jefferson , Valentine , Lucy, the wife of James \V. Eskridge, Mary, the wife of Wi ll iam C. Eskridge, and Charles Lewis. The family removing to other places, most of them to the Valley, the estate passed into other hand s. Charles Lewi s settled at Richland s , Greenbrier County, where he died a few years ago, and his son, Rev. Charles W. Peyton is preaching as a Presbyterian minister in Texas.

Bernard Peyton , a merchant of Richmond, about 1850 bought Farmington from John Coles Carter, when he removed to Missouri. He made it his home, and died there suddenly

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HISTORY OF ALBEMA RLE

in 185·L H e was the father of Major Green Peyton, Procto r of the U niversity, and a second cousin of Craven before men · tioned, and of John Howe Peyton, the distinguished lawyer of Staunton.

Another fami ly o f the name was sett led in the county .

H enry Peyton became the owner of Park H ill, the old Drury \Vood place near Stony P oint, where he resided unti l his death.

H is wife was a sist er of \Vi ll iam P. Farish. and his sons were William , Benjamin, George L., Dr. E. 0., Bernard and Eu · gene , all of WhOUl exhibited a marked d egree of enterpri se , some in co nducting lines of Stages, and so me in hotel keep ing. They rem oved for the most part to West Virginia.

PHILLIPS.

In 1746 Jose ph Phillips obtained a gra nt of land on Buck Mountain Creek, a nd removing to North Carolina in 1778, sold it to John Phillips, who by further purchases acquired a considerable landed estate. From 1750 to 1760 Leonard Ph ill ips patented nearly a thonsand a cres in the so uthern part of the county on Ivy and Gree n Creeks, po rti o ns of whi ch he sold to George Blain, and to Peter and \Villiam Farrar. \Vil1iam B. Phi ll ips ca me to the county a t the tilDe the University bu ildings were projected, and was engaged in the work of their constructi on. He was afterwards active in his dealings in rea l estate, both iu town and country. I n 1823 be bought Lots Thirteen and Seven ty -Seve n , and built upon them the brick houses, the fOTln er of whic h he sold to Gov ernor Gilmer in 183 1, and the latter to Dr. James A. Leitch.

H e purchased in 1833 fr om Eli A lexander nea rly five hun· dred acres of the Colle esta te, and built thereon t he large brick mansion, which was s ubsequently the residence of Dr. George M. Bowen, and more recently of Hami lton Potts.

Hi s busy caree r terminated in Cha rl ottes ville in 1861.

PII,SON .

It is probable the Pil son family origina ll y be longed t o Augusta County. In 1760 Richard of that name purchased from J ean Kinkead two hun dre d and twenty·four acres l yi ng

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

29 7

at the foot of the Blue Ridge. He appears to have died not long- after, and the property descended to his son Samuel.

In 177 8 Samuel was living in Augusta, and in that year sold the land to \Vitliam P ilson. \Villiam sold it to Nathaniel Harlow in 17 83, and five years later it was the first purchase of John Dettor, of York County, Pennsylvania. It is likely that Samnel and \Vitliam were brothers, and that Ma ry Pil so n, who became the wife of William Wallace in 1771, was thei r sister.

John Pilson next appears, and was the son of Samue l.

He was a man of sterling character, sincere piety, and the strictest integrity. H e carried on the mercantile business in partnership with hi s cousin \Villiam Wallace until the death of William in 1809, and then conducted it alone for many years. Th e store s tood on the old S taunton Road on the north side of the branch, opposite the house now owned by Rev. Dabney Davis. He invested the earnings of his busi路 ness in the old Hardin property, which in 1837 he sold to Thomas C. Bowen. He was appoir:ted a magistrate in 1824, and serve d for a time as ruling elder in the Mountain Plains Church. I-Ie never married, but was once engaged to his cousin Polly \Vallace. Their union being opposed by friends because of relationship, they Quietly acquiesced. but withal sti ll loved and lived in each other's eyes until her death in 1845; and to her Dlemory he remained constant until his own death, which occurred ten years later. A nephew, Matthew Pilson, from Augusta County, was for some yea rs an assistant in the store. After John's death he returned to Augusta, where he died not long ago at an advanced age.

PIPER.

J ohn Piper first purchased land in Albemarle in 1779. He then bought from Alexander Henderson four hundred acres on Lickinghole. which he sold to John Buster in 1792. In the meantime, in 1783, he bought from Charles Wingfield a place between Batesville and the Nelson line , which he made his home. When the records begin again in 1783. he was an acting magistrate of the county. In 1815 he conveyed nearly five hundred acres of his laud to his son. Hi s wife's name

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wa s Ann, and h is c hildren \VilliaOl and Elizabeth , t he wife of Garrett \\' bite , of North G a rden . William, who succeeded to the h omes tead , di ed in 183 5. He and his wife Elizabeth had eleven chil dre n, Mary AnD , Garrett \V., \Villiam. Na ncy , the wi fe o f Robert Field, )'lar5ba11. \Villis , Jeremiah, Elizabeth , th e wife of R ic h ard M. Durrett, Richard, Frances and J ohn. Some ye RTs after the death of the lather, the p lace wa s sold t o \V illiam H . Turner, and tbose of the family s till liv ing re moved to Missouri.

PRICE.

E dmund Pri ce owned land fo r a short time in the neighb orhood of Scott ' s Landin g prior to 1770. John Price ma r ried Eli zabeth , daughter of Benjamin Brown, of Brown's Cove, and in 1777 seems to have been a residt."nt of Augusta County.

R ichard Pri ce was one of the earliest inhabitan t s of Mi lt on , and there spent hi s life . He died in 182 7. He was twi ce marr ied. Hi s children by his first wife we re J ane, the wife of John Watson , Isabel, the wife of Edmund Read. and Lucy. the wife of J ohn Burks, and mother of Lucy J a ne~ the wi fe of Lilburn R. Railey. Hi s second wife , Frances, bad a da ug hter , Sarah. who became the wife of Robert C. Scot t , of L y nc bb urg .

In th e early yea rs of the ce ntury , John Pri ce li ved in the north eas t part of the county. Hi s w ife wa s Sarah, daughter of Abraham Munday, and his cbildren John , H enry, Matilda, the w ife of William Marshall , Amanda, the wife of Nimrod H erring. Loui sa. the wife of Thomas Harlow, H arriet, the w ife of Thoma s S almon, Daniel and N imrod.

H enr y Price about 182 3 came to Charlottesville from ,M eckl cnb ur g County. He was a native of Stoc kport , En g路 la nd, a nd a ta ilor by trade . He owned at one time the h ouse all tbe co rner of the west side of the S quare and Hi g h S tree t . and the house in the rear of the late Thomas Wood ' s.

Th e la tter he sold in 1829 to Dr. Frank Ca rr. He died in 1835. The next year his widow Na ncy bought the lot on Park Street, north of Th omas \Vood's, and b u ilt the brick hou se . whi ch in comparat ively recent years was enlarged by

HISTORY OF ALBE)IARLE

299

R. R. Prentis. He had a daughter Rebecca, who became the wife of Christopher Hornsey, and a son Henry, who lately acquired some notoriety, by exploiting a patent for an immense tract of land in the disputed zone between Venezuela and British Guiana.

Stephen C. Price in 1826 married Lydia Ann, daughter of Charles Harper. He lived on a farm on the south side of the old Ricbard Woods Road, southwest of Ivy Depot. He acted for a time as Treasurer of the County School Commissioners.

H e died in 1845. His children were Lucy, the wife of Jesse L. Maury, Charles H., Daniel. Rohert, Eli zabeth, and Sarah, the wife of James E. ~ride.

QUARl.ES.

Roger Quarles in 1141 obtained a grant of four hundred acres on both sides of Priddy 's Creek, which William Quarles, who \vas no doubt Roger's sou, and who was described as of Orange County, sold to Richard Durrett in 1763. \Vhether any of the family ever lived on the land , is not known; it was however sufficiently recognized by the pUblic, to give the name of Quarles's Creek to a branch of Priddy 's Creek passing through it, and crossing the Barboursville Road.

In 1767 James Quarles, of King \Villiam, purchased from John \Valker a plantation called Rock Hall, and containing nearly nine bundred acres, originally a part of the large Meriwether grant. He sold it in 1776 to Cornelius Ruddell, wh o two years after sold it to John Hunton, of Augusta. It remaine d in the Hunton family many yea rs , Charles B. Hunton , a son of J ohn, being appointed a magistrate in 1791, serving as Sheriff in 18 13 . and dying in 1818. James Quarles in 1778 bought from John Cla rk nearly thirteen hundred acres on Mechlluk, which four years later he sold to Francis K inloch, of South Carolina. He was appointed a magistrate, and was occnpying the office of Sheriff in 1783, when the records again begin. H e had a daughter AnD, who in 1785 became the wife of H enry \Vashington, of King George.

Washington died in 1788, leaving two children, Frances Maria, and Ann Catharine, and in 1791 his w idow was married to John Tinsley, Whether Quarles con tinued to reside

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HISTORY OF ALBE}IAR LE

in Albewarle till his death, or removed elsewhe re , does Dot appear.

A tract of seve ntee n hun d red acres lyin g on th e waters of Buck Is land and Hardware, was purchased from Dunca n McLaughlin by a compa ny co n sisting o f Benjamin Fitzpat rick, Robert \Vright, R obert French, and John Quarle s of Louisa. In co nnection with the final di s position of this lan d , it appea red that J oh u Qua rles had six children. two of wh om were Albert G. and Garrett Minor. Garrett became a member of the A lbemarle ba r in 1813. Albert G. married ).[ary, daugbte r of Dabn ey Minor, and hi s children were ' Matilda, Lu cy, H enry, and Albert, who removed with their paren ts to Kentucky.

RAILEY,

Martin Rai ley came to Albemarle from Chesterfield in 1806.

He lived on Buck I sland, on a farm he purchased from John :-'1. Perry . H e died in 1814. His wife wa s Elizabeth Mayo, and hi s chi ld re n Daniel M., John Iv1., Lilburn R., and Cathariue, the wife of Anderson ShiAett. Dauiel succeeded to the homestead, 'Voodbourue, married Lucy Jane, daughter of J ohn \Vatsol1, of Milton, w as appointed a magi s trate in 1830, and 110t long after sold hi s place , and removed to Southwest Vi rgin ia. H is desce ndant s continued s till further \Vest, and so me are n ow l ivi ng in Missouri. John married ) l ary, daughter of ' Villiam 'Vatson. He died ea rly about 1833. After hi s dea th bis widow bu ilt the brick bouse on the north end of Seco nd S t reet, now the residence of Mrs. J. ,V. Lipop. He bad four children, all of whom rem oved from the county. Lilburn R. was educated at Washington College in Lexington, married Lucy Jane Burks, niece of John \Vatson, was a ruling elder in the Presb yterian Church, and was appointed a magistrate of t he cou nty in 1838. His home was on his farlllllear the H ydra ulic Mills, recently owned by \Villiam Nuttycomb. After th e war he res ided in CharlottesVIlle. H e died in 1893.

RAMSA Y.

Rev. J ohn Ramsay was t he rector of St. Anne ' s par ish , lived in the southern part of the county, and died in 1770.

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

301

In 177 2 John Ram say , of Augusta, purchased from Archibald Woous nearly four hundred acres on Stockton's Creek, .and five years later so ld them to Alexander Ramsay, in all probability a brothe r. In 1774 \Villiam, another brother as is s upposed, bought h'om Adam Dean in the same vicinity more than four hundred acres, and ten years after from Alexander all that belonged to him. \Villiam married Margaret, daughter of Andrew \Vallace, and granddaughter of old Michael \\Toods. His hom e was on the p lace where J ames M. Bowen resided. He first built the mill on the place, which in early t im es went by the name of Ramsay's Mill. The o ld dwelling still stands near the head of the mill pond. H e died in 1825. H e had three sons, Andrew, John and \Villiam. In 1814 Andrew was living on a farm on the Staunton Road, adjoining the lands of G. \V. Kinsolving, \Villiam Fretwell and John Dettor.

His children were Thomas, Higginbotham, Margaret, \Villiam Albert, Mary J., and Andrew W. John married Mary, daughter of Samuel Black. His home was w:~ere Dr. John R, Baylor lived. Hi s child ren were \ViIliam, Jane, the wife of John G. Lobban, Catharin e, Joseph T., Mary, the wife of James C. Rothwell. and Dorcas. \Villiam, son of \Villiam, succeeded to the home of his father, and died in 1832. His children were J a ne, the wife of Jarrett Harris. \Villiam S., Margaret, the wife of Meredith Martin, and :Mary, the wife of Jeremiah Wayland. All the descendants of these families, beari ng the name, removed to different parts of the \Vest.

RANDOLPH.

\Villiam Randolph, of Tuckahoe, was the first of the name to enter land within the present limits of Albemarle. In 1735 he was granted twe nty-tour hundred acres "on the north side of the Rivanna near the mountains, a little below Mountain Falls." On the organization of the county, he was appointed its Clerk. At his death his land passed to his 'Son, Thomas Mann Randolph, of Tuckahoe. Neither William nor Thomas eve r resided in the county, but soon after the marriage of Thomas Maon's son, bearing the same name, with Martha Jefferson , and his own second marriage with

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

Gabriella, daughter of J ohn H arvie, the land W::l S transferred by the fathe r to the son The latt e r then made Edgehill hi s home. He e ngaged witb lUuch activity ill public affairs.

H e wa~ appoiuted a m azistrate in 179 +, e lected t o Cong ress in 180 1, and chosen Governor o f Virginia in 1819 . H e displayed a Ih'ely zea l in promoti ng the interests of agri cultu re in the cou nty. H e di ed in 182 8. H is childre n we re AnD, the wife of Charles L. Ba ok head, 1'homas J . , Ellen , the wi fe of Joseph Coolid ge, of Bosto n, Corn elia, Virgi nia, the w ife of Nicholas. P. 'l'rist. Dr . Benjamin F. , and George \Vytbe.

The home of Cha rles L. Bankh ea d wa s Carlton . H e wa s tw ice ma rried. H is children by his fir st wife were Johu \V .â&#x20AC;˘ wh o rece ntly d ied in Mi ssouri, Ellen Monroe, the wife of John Coles Carter, and T homas Mann, who settled ill Arkansas. H is seco nd wife was Mary Carth rae , a gra nddaughter of G enera l Sa muel H . Lewis, of Rockingham. H e died about 1833, It:=avi ll g one SOil , Charles L ., by the last marriage .

The s talwart and venerable fi gure of Colonel Thomas J. is fam !liar to ma ny sti ll li ving. For many years he took a lead ing part in all matters pertaining to the welfare of t he cou nty . H e wa s a ma g is trate, a mem ber of the Legi slature, a devoted member of the Co unty Agricu ltural Society, and Pre s ident of the Farmers' Bank. H e married Jane , daughte r of Governor \V. C . Nic hola s. Benj ami n F. was a physician, and lived at the so uth end of Carter 's Mountain. H e married Sa rah, daughte r of Robe rt H . Carter. In addition to his professiona l labors, he wa s a ppoi nted a magis trate in 1846, a ud for seve ra l term s wa s a me mber of the State Senate.

George \V. was adm itted to the Albemarle bar in 1840, and a few years after removed to Ri chmond. I n the days of the Confederacy, he wa s its last Secretary of "Var. Colone l Ri ch ard Rando lph. of Henrico, owned land in Albemarle . In 1760 h e obtained a grant of two hundred and forty acres on Moore 's Creek . At so me time he purchased twelve hundred acres ad joining the tract jus t mentio ned fro m someo ne, perhaps frolll Wi lliam Taylor, who seems t o ha ve en tered it in 1737. 'Co Dr. Thoma s \Valker , as trustee of the county , he sold a thou sa nd acres of this land, o n wh ic h

HISTORY OF A LBEMARLE

303

in 1762 , Charlot tesv ille . the n ew courthouse, wa s est abl ished. H e also e ntered nearly fi ftee n hundred a cres in the southern p a r t o f th e cou nty on Green Creek. H e probably never res id ed on thi s la n d , bnt man ag ed it th rou gh the agency of oversee rs .

Governor E d mund Randolph wa s al s o a landh olde r in Albemarle . I n 178 6 he p urc hased from Joh n Fry t we ntyfive hund red a cres on Gree n Mountain , inclnding the Vi ewmont estate. For some years he sought relaxation from his professional and official ca res in looking after this property.

In 17 93 he petitioned for the right to erect a mill 011 Hard路 ware, where Colonel Fry had had one before. He s oleI this land to \Villiam C. Carter in 1798.

In 1805 Dr. Thom as Eston Randolph bought from Johnson Rowe the land opposite Milton, on which is sit uated the estate of Glenmore. His wife wa s J ane Cary, sister of Governor Thom as Mann Randolph. H e was appointed a m agistrate of the co unt y in 1807. In 1813 he sold Glenmore to L oui s H . Girardin, t he conti nua~o r of Burk ' s H istor y o f Virginia, a n d purchased a p la ntation further down the river on Ca rroll 's Creek, called Ashton. T his p lace he sold in 1826 to Joel \V. Brown, and removed to Campbell County.

Hi s daughter, Elizabeth, became the wife of Francis Eppes Jr. , the g randson of Mr. J efferson.

In tbe decade of 1840, Joh n T. Randolph came to the county from t he Va lley , and married A n n, daughter o f \Villi am P . Farish. In 1862 he e n tered the Baptist ministry.

REA.

The name of Rea is found ill the county at the time of its formation. In 1747 F ergu s Rea bou ght a portion of the Cbiswell patent on Rockfi s h . About the sa me time John Rea was the owner of la nd on the Ri vanna near Martin King's Ford, the p rese nt Union Mill s . Whether these persons were related to those he reafter m ent io ned, does not appear.

An d rew, Thomas and Sam uel Rea were considerably in terest ed in real estate during a period exte nding from 1744 to 17 88 . At the first of these dates , Andrew ente red a s mall tra ct on the s outh side of the Rivanna, a s h ort distance above

301

HISTORY OF ALBElIARLF.

the mouth of Ivy Creek, aud at the time was the owner of la nd adjoining. Be yond dou b t be gave Da m e to th e ford s o called. thoug h it s hould be written Rea, Dot Ray j in the patent it is writte n Reay. Thoma s own ed laud Oll the head waters of :\lec hum' s near Round Mouutaill, and subseq ue ntly purc h ased ill the \' iciuity of Rea 's Ford , and 011 Meadow Cree k , n ot far froUl the 01:.] Poor House. Samue l also had a place near Rea 's Ford , and in 1788 bought on Beaver Creek between Cro zet and White hall. All three were married, the name of An d re w 's w ife being Mary, that of Thomas's U; s ula, and that o f Samue l' s Jane , daughter of Danie l M aupin and his wi fe , Ma rga ret Via. Th ese pe rsons, it is l ikely , were brothers. S amu el 's ch ildren were Oaniel, A ndrew, Th omas , R ob路 ert , and Margaret , the wife of Ezekiel McCauley. Robert marr ied Elizabeth, da ughter of Dan iel Maupin and his wife, Ma ry Eli zabeth Dabney, li ved in the Heaver Cree k neighbor. h ood, and died in 1831. In a report of Be rnard Brown of per son s li s ted t o work on the roads near t he foot of Buck 's El bow in 179 2, Andrew and Thoma s Rea are mentioned; an d in au order of Court on the sa m e s u b ject m ade iu 182 3, o:.: c ur the names of Robe rt, Thomas and Blaud.

T h oma s, the tbird son of Sam uel , li ved ben ea th Buck's El bow , and d ied in 1850. His wife wa s Ann, daughter of Bl a nd Ball a rd , and his c hi ldren Danie l , J ane, t he wife of Garla nd ).[aury , Bland, J emi ma , the wife of Richard Beckett, Ann, t he wife of John Bales, S'amuel, and Margare t , the wife of Ceo rg-e Wolfe. Bland married Sa rah Alexander , and sec 路 on d ly Eli za beth, daughte r of Colone l J oh n J ones. In his yo ut h he was assoc ia ted wi th Benjamin Fi ck li n in th e man ufa cture of tob acco , but after wa r ds se ttled as a farmer near th e old bo mestead , and died in 1868. Hi s child ren were J o hn A . , J ose ph , W illiam , James, Mary, the wife of Be rnard T ilma n, an d Mar ia, the wife of Oscar Lipscom b .

R J YES.

III the latte r pa rt o f the last ce ntury, Robe rt Rives, who m arried )' l a rga rN , d aughter of Colonel Wi ll iam Cabell, transac ted an ex te ns ive bu s iness at Warminster, Nelso n County.

In the e nte r pr isi ng s pirit which inspired hi s unde rtakings, he

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

established a branch house in Milton , soon after the founding of that town, under the firm of Brown , Rives & Co. The partners were James Brown, of Richmond, Robert Rives, and Robert Burton. He also became the owner of large and va luable tracts of land in Albemarle. For the Boiling Spring plantation, which he bought from John Patterson, of Balti more , in U:I18, he gave sixty thousand dollars, the largest sum perhaps ever paid for any farm in thi s region. His sons, \Villiam C., George , Henry , Rohert and Alexander, all resided in Albemarle.

William C. in 1819 married Judith, daughter of Francis Walker, who inherited Castle Hill as her port ion of her fa ther 's estate. About the same time he became a member of the Albemarle bar. His career in public is a matter of history. He did service in the Legis lature, in th e United S tatt:=s Senate, and as :\Iinister to Fran ce. He was reg arded as one of the mos t finished orators of his day. After his retirement he was occupied in writing a history of the Life and Times of James Madison. He died in 1868. George marr ied Mary Eliza, daughter of Robert Carter. His home was at Sherwood, on the north side of the Hardware, below Carter's Bridge.

He married a second time Maria, daughter of Professor George Tu cker, and died in 1874. Heury received from hi s father a plantation on Green Mountain in 1827. Robert married Elizabeth Fftlllill, and resided at the old Nicholas place near Warren. He died in 18 67. Alexander was admitted to the bar in 1829, and made hi s home for many years at Carleton, which he purchased in 1833 from th e trustees of Charles L .

Bankhead. He was a mem ber of both houses of the Legislature, and of Congress, and soo n after the war was appointed Judge of the United States Co urt for the western Di s tri ct of Virginia. He was twice married. first to I sabe l Wydown, and secondly to Sarah \Vatson , of Louisa, and died in 1885 .

Paulina, a daughter of Robert Rives, was the wife of Rich ard Pollard, who li ved in the southern part of the co unty.

The ir children were Margaret, the wife of James P. Hender son, Virginia, Rosalie , J ames R., Lucy, Richard, Edward A ., and H enry Rives. Edward and Henry were both jour_

路.Y

V#"

305

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

na lists. Besi des his editoria l labors on the Richmond Examiner' Edward published a number of work s, and died in Lynch burg in 177 2. On account of an article which appeared in the SOllt hern Opinion, of which he was one of the ed itors , Henry wa s shot b y J ames G rant in Richmond in Nove mber 1868 , and his remains were brought for interment in the family burying gro und in A lbemarl e.

RODES .

The fir st of the Rodes name t o settle in Albemarle was John , and his coming occurred in 1749 . In that year he bought from James Armor four hundred acres on the nort h fork of Rockfish, and in th e co nveyance was described as of S1. Martin 's parish, Loui sa. H e also purchased land o n ~:l oorma n 's River .

I-I e died ill 1775. H is wife was Mary Crawford, and he left five daughters an d four SallS, David, C li fton, Charles and John .

David came to the cou nty in 17 56, and lived on the north side of Moorman 's River. Besides managing his pl a ntation, he co nducted a store. H e was appoin ted a magi strate , and served as Sheri ff , probably in 1776 and 1777. H e was twice married, fir s t as is believed to I\<fa ry, daughter of Matthew Mills , and secondly t o S usan, d a ug hter of Nelso n Anderson.

H e died in 1794, and his widow became the wife of James K err. His chil d re n , all of whom were born of the first marriage, were John, IVl atthew, Charl es, Mary, the wife of Robert Dougl ass, E lizabeth , the wife of Horsley Goodman, Nancy, the wife of William Dulaney, Ann , the wife of James Ballard, Lucy, the wi fe of J oseph Twy ma n , Martha, the wife of Joel Yancey, and lo.'I ildred, th e wife of W illi a m Wa l den. The Douglass , Ya ncey, Walden, and probab ly Dulaney, fami li es removed to K e ntucky . J o hn died unmarried in 1823. Matthew succeeded to hi s father 's place . He was appointed a magistrate in 1816. By becom ing sec urity, he was involved in financial difficul t ies, a nd hi s property was sold to pay his debts; it was however redeemed by hi s son David. H e died in 1834. Hi s w ife was Na ncy Blackwell, and his c hildren David, Mary, Robert, H e nrietta, the wife of Cll!ment P. Mc Kennie, Gilly, the wife o f Robe rt Guy, Ann,

HISTORY OF A LBE MARLE

,

307

the wife of Daniel Fi s hburne, Eli zabeth, the second wife of Nathaniel :M assie , Mil (1red and Judith. David about 1816 was deputy Clerk of the county, and a fterw ard removed to Lynchburg. In 1822 he married Martha, daughter of Joel Yance y, of Bed ford. General Robe rt ÂŁ . Rodes, of the Co nfederate army, who fe ll a t \Vin cbester in 1864, was his son .

Robert s ucceeded to t he homestead, was twi ce married, first t o Margaret, daugbter of Ri chard Duke, and seco ndly to Hardenia \Villiams , of Nelson , and died in 1874.

Clifton first liven at the foot of Buck 's Elbow, on a place be bought in 1769 from Matthew !vIuliins, and afterward sold to Cornelius Maupin. In 1773 he purcha sed from William Lew is a plantation near Ivy Depot, which he made his home until 1788, when he s old it to George N ichola s, and not long after retuov~d to Kentucky. He was a magistrate of the county, and served as Sheriff in 1783. H is wife was Sarah Waller, and three of hi s chi ldren were married in Albemarle.

John to Jean Stapleton, daughter of Thomas Burch, Dorothy to David Kerr, and Mary to Joseph ~urch, brother....of John ' s -wife. and grandfat her of Rev. Dr. J. J. Bullock, and the wife of Vice-Presid'ent Breckinridge.

Charles resided whe re his father fir s t bought, on the waters of Rockfish. The land now lies in Nelson Couuty.

From his family the Methodist Church in that vicinity is commonly spoken of as Rodes's Church. He died in 1798.

Mrs. McCluun, who resides near Batesville, is his granddaughter, and William Rodes, who lives at Brooksville. his great grandson.

John lived on the south side of Moorman 's River, and died in 1810. Hi s wife was Sarah, daughter of Robert Harris. an'd his children Robert, Tyree , Clifton, John , Charles, Mary, Ann, the wife of John Garth, Henrietta, the wife of Rev. Beru is Brown, and Sarah, the wife first of William Davenport , and secondly of Micajah Woods. Robert was a Ca ptain in the Revolutionary army, and made prisoner at t he capture of Charleston, S. C. H e married Eliza Dul an ey. and removed to Madison Connty, Kentucky. Tyree emigrated to Giles County, Tennessee. Clifton lived near Ivy Depot on a farm.

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HI STORY OF ALBEMARLE

whicb was give n him by bis fatbe r, a nd which be sold in 1810 to G eorge Pi ckett , of Ri chmond. In 1807 he was appointed a magi s trate of the cou nty. H e married Elizabeth, daughter of J ohu Jouett, and was th e admin is trator of the Jouett {"state. Afte r the sa le of his p r operty he removed to Kentucky. J ohn s ucceeded to the paternal es tate sou th of ~Ioorwan 's Rive r.

H e wa s also appointed a m agistrate in 1807, and se rved as Sheriff in 1832. He died in 1839. His w ife was F rancilla , daughter of Bernard Brown, and his c h ild ren S idney, wife of Powhatan Jones , of Buckingham, R y land , Johu D., William, Sarah. wite of Sa muel C. \Voods, wbo e m igrated to Mi ssouri, Tyree , Virgi nia , the wife of \V . C. Smit h , Jac intha , the wife of J . Smi th , Frances. the wife of Gar land Brown , and Lucy Ann , the wife of James P ayne. Ryland married Sarah Woods . and lived and died in Nelson. J o hn D. marri ed ~'lrs . Ann Durrett Morris, and â&#x20AC;˘ died w itbou t chi ldren. \Villiam m arried E. C . Yancey, of Rockingham , and lived on the old home place. which after his death in 1882 dev olved all his so ns Thom as a nd John William. T yree removed t o T ennessee.

ROGERS.

In 1748 John Roge rs, of King \Villiam, obtained grants of four hundred a cres 011 Naked Creek , and of four hundred on Buck Mountain Creek. At t he s ame time his son George was granted four hundred acres on Piney Run. John furthe r patented upwards of s ix hundred more on Naked Creek in 1761. Nei th er of th em howeve r eve r lived in the county.

John died about 1768.

Giles. a SOil of John , came to the county anterior to 1765.

H e purchased the interest of his broth er George in 1775. H is hom e was on the waters of Buck Mountain Creek. He died in 1794. Hi s wife wa s Ann, da u g hter of J ohn Lewis, of Spotsy lva n ia. and his c hildren A c h illes, P a rm enas, A nn , t he wife of Robe rt Davis, Lucy, th e wife of Jonathan Barksda le.

Fra nces, the wife of Sa muel Tw y m a n, and Ra ch el. Achilles married h is cous in Mary Geo rge . lived on Ivy Creek . nea r the cross ing of the Whiteha ll Road. and died abo u t 1820.

Parmena s succeeded to t he b orne of his fat her, was a ppo inted â&#x20AC;˘

HISTORY OF AtBEMAR tR

309

a magistrate in 1807, became S!.;,(. i iff in 1834, and died in 1836.

He was twice married , first to a Miss :Baber, and seco ndly to Elizabeth F erg uso n. H e had a largt: fa m ily, \Villiam.

Josep h. Ralph. Jam es B .â&#x20AC;˘ George, Parmenas, Permelia . Gi les, Frances . Orville. Catharine, Thoma s. Jonathan. Elizabeth, tbe wife of Nathan Barksdal e. and Ann. James B. was a physician . lived we st of Earlysville. married Margaret, daughter of David Wood and Mildred L ewis, was th e father of Martha, the wife of her cousi n , Dr. Alfred \Vood, and Dr. \V. G. Rogers , of Charlottesville. and died in 1863 . Frances is the sole member of this numerous hou se hol d stil1liviog in Albemarle.

Byrd, another son of John . wa s for a tim e a resident of the county. He wa s twice married to sisters, Mary and Martha Trice, and had by the first two so ns, John and Philip , and by the second one, George. H e em ig rated to Kentuc ky about the beginning of th e ce ntury, and died shortl y after.

George accompanied h is father to the West. Philip spent bis youth in Albemarle, contracted roving h abi ts . owned an interest at one t ime in the Red Sweet Springs, and d ied :n L ouisvi lle , Ky. John, familiarly known in bis day as Farmer John, pa s!:ied his life on hi s pl antation in the county , nea r Kes wick Depot. He and hi s son-io¡law, Richard Sam pson, were rega rded as occupying the front rank among the sagacious and s uccessfu l planters of th e State. A bout 1820 the Albemarle Agricultural Society awarded to John R,ogers the premium for b aving the best tilled farm io the connty.

He died in 1838. Hi s wife wa s S usan, daughter of Cha rl es Goodman, anll his ch ilclren J ohn, Thornto n , Mary, the wife of Richard Sampson, a nd J anetta, the wife of J . Pri ce Sa mpSOll. John married Agnes, sister of Ste phe n Sampson, succeeded to the homestead , and died in 1841. Thorn ton resided at Keswick , a part of his)ather's place, on which for some years he co nducted a classical school, and whi ch gave name to the nei,g-hbo ring Depot. A few yea rs before his death he entered the Presbyterian ministry . His wife was Margaret , daughter of Andrew Hart. and his children Adeline, the wife of Rev. E. L . Coc hran , Susan, the wife of

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Rev. Jose ph Baxter, Dr. A . Hamilton , Oscar, \Villiam A" Jul ia, th e wife of Keating Nelson, Celia. the wife of Re v .

J a mes M. \Vil son , and John. He departed thi s li fe in 1834.

In the dec ad e of 1790, a John Rogers, whose wife's name wa s Mary , came from S tafford, and bought land in the neighborhood of Earlysville ; nothing furthe r is known of him.

Some years later another Jobn Rogers came from Lancaster County, and lived on the east side of the Sou th W est Mount ain. T o distinguish h im frolll Farmer John , tht' sy ll able Lan . was affixed to bi s na me , while to Farmer J ohn's was appended the letter)or. H e died in 185l.

SA \\I J>SON â&#x20AC;˘

Ric hard Sa mpson was the desce ndant of a family that settl ed in Goochland, in the early part of the eighteent h century.

H e beca me a cit ize n of Albe m a rle in 1804. In tbat yea r he purchased from Th omas M. Randolph, trustee of Dr. \Villiam Bache, Be nj ami n Franklin' s grandson, the plantation Franklin , co ntaining si x hundred acres, In 1812 he bought from Francis Gilmer the Pe n Park place, co ntaining four hundred.

Th e latte r he sol d to John H. Craven in 1819, and the form er to John 11 . Craven and N. H . Lewis in 182 1. H e retur ned to Goochla nd , and resi ded near Dover Mills ullt il hi s death in 1862, at the g rea t age of ninety-two. Hi s wife was Ma ry, daughter of John Roge rs . Rev. Fra ncis S. Sa mpson, who studied at Kes wick w it h hi s uncle 'I'horoton R ogers , was one of the ea rly s tudents of the University, and was Professor in the U n ion Theologi ca l Semi nary, was h is SO il .

J ohn Pri ce Sa mpson , Richard's brother , m arried J anetta, another daughter of John Roger s. He l ived for some years on part of the Rogers p la ce Ilear Kes wi ck , and fo r a time ke pt a pl1hl ic house at Ev erettsville . In 1829 he bought TUftOD from the J effe r so n estate, whi ch he s old i n 1833 to Thoma s ,\l acon, of New K ent. The next yea r he purchased Co ll e from Eli Alexande r . Not long after he removed to the o ld .Meredith p lace near Ne w G lasgow , Amherst, wh e re .he died in UH2. H is ch il d re n we re Erlward, Thornton, Margaret , the wife of Micaja h Cl a rk, Elizabeth, and the wife of a Ma ntapr ise .

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HISTORY OF

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311

Stephen Sampson was a son of Robert, brother of Richa rd and Price. He was twice married, first to Ann, daughter of Reuben Lindsay, and secondly to Sarah, daughter of Joseph Campbell . His home was on the old Campbell place on Mechunk, where he died a few years ago.

SCHENK .

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Cornelius Schenk was one of the early merchants of Char lottesv ille. Coming to the place soon after the Revolutionary War, h e carried on the business of general merchandising in partnership with Peter Lott , until the death of Lott in 1803.

He was also a partner with Isaac Miller and Daniel Culp in other enterprises, particularly in es tablishing a tannery in t he southern part of the town, which in later years was owned

by John Pollock. He first lived not far from Ira Ga rrett's old home, bu t in 17 92 bought the lots just west of the Episcopa l Church, and there resided until hi s death in 1810. He purchased from the \Voodsons the land north and northwest of the town, and from the fact that a tributary of Meadow Creek flowed through it, arose the name of Schenk's Branch. which remai ns to this day. For many years he was active in performing useful public services in town and cou nty. bu t for some reason he declined in standi ng and influence. pecuniary troubles overtook him, and all his property was sold to clear off the liens with which it was encumbered.

Hi s wife was Rebecca Winston, of Han over, who s urvived him a little more than a year, and his chi ldren Peter Lott, Eleanor Winston, Mary, John W., and Richard F. Dr. Frank Carr, whose mother was a \Vinston, became th e guardian of the younger ch ildren. Peter Lott lived on the nort hwest cor ner of Market and Fourth Streets, and owned the square on which the house stood; and though he died in 1815, his interest in the property was not finally disposed of, till cow missioners appointed by Court conveyed it to Dr. Hardin Massie and John Cochran in 1828. The other me mbers of the family removed from the county, and all trace of them seems lost to the memory of the oldest inhabitants.

312

HISTORV OF ALBEMARLE SCOTT.

Edward Scott in 1732 obtained a patent for five hund red and fifty acres "on the north sideo f the Fluvanna. at a pl ace called Tot ier ." \Vhen th e co unty was orga n ized in 1745.

Samuel Scott gave bond for erecting the p u blic b uild in gs on the land of his brother Daniel. T hese were both sons of Edward, who it is like ly was dead at t he la tter d ate, as the County Court, at its firs t adjournment. appointed its next meeting to be beld on Mrs. Scott's plant a t ion. The sa me date J ohn Scott, who is s ubsequen tl y ment ioned as o f C um berlanci County, patented four hundred acres on T oti er Creek . \Vhether he was a lso a son of Edward, does not a p pea r , b u t the s trong probability is that he was. Ann Scott, the wi fe of George Nicholas . of Dinwiddie, a brot her of R obe rt Carte r Ni cho las. was a lso a member of this fa mil y. Sa muel, the contractor, died in IS0 l.

In 17 64 John Scott purchased seventeen h und red a nd fi fty acres on Totier from David Meriwether. the patentee. H is wife was Margaret, daughter of Colone l J os hua F ry . H e died in 179S. and his wife in IS11. H is c hil d re n were Edward . John, Charles A lexander, Da n iel a nd F ra nces. Da n ie l l ived on h is farm on Green Mo u n t ain, a nd died in IS5 1. H e never married , and fo r want o f ot her ob jec ts of a ff ect ion , he surrounded him self with great numbers of wild geese . H is fascination over the se winged coursers of the air was so remark able, that in their flight s t o and fro they made h is pla ntat ion their stoppi n g place, and some t hat remained the yt!a r round, he carefully nurtured and jealously protect ed. J ob n marri ed Elizabeth , daughter of John Bolling, of Nort h Ga r 路 den, and died before hi s father , leavi n g a so n J o hn . Th is J o hn inherited the land about Scottsvi lle, a nd was th e foun der of that town in 18 1S. He ma rri ed S usan B . W ood s . and hi s c h ildre n were Elizabet h, Poca h ont as a nd Mary.

Charles Alexander marr ied Elizabe t h, da ug hter o f J ohn Hudson. He was appointed a magis t rate o f t he cOllnty in 180 1. Hi s c hildren were Edward. \Vi ll ia m , Sa muel, Charles A ., J ohn, a nd Martha, the wife of W illi am i\l. Woods. Ed路 ward settl ed in Powhatan, and married E lizabe th and Mary,

BIST QR Y OF ALBEMARLE

313

daughters of his cousin John. 'William married Elizabeth Powell , of Amherst, and lived in Buckingham. Samuel became a physician, practised in Albemarle and Amherst, and recently died near Howard svi lle at an advanced age.

His wife was ADn, daughter of Landon Davies. of Am he rst. and his children Elizaheth, the wife of Charles Scott. son of her uncle \Villiam. and Landon, who married Louisa, daughter of Dr. Charles D. Everett. Charles A. purc has~d fro m his cousin John the plantation on James River, 011 th e upper side of Totier, which in 1835 he sold to Dr. John \V. Gantt.

He subsequently lived on the farm of bis uncle Daniel on Green l\¡[ ountain. He was twice married , first to Ann - - -, and secondly to Pocahontas, daughter of his cousin John.

Hi s house was burned to the ground by the soldiers of Sheridan in th e spring of 1865 ; and being o ut on his farm at the time, and sud denly hearing of the calamity, he fell dead on the spot. His brother John made his home in Fluvanna.

SHELTON.

Samuel Shelton was settled in the county from the beginning. In 174 5 he purcha sed fi ve hundred and fifty acres of the twelve hundred acre tract on James River, granted to Thomas Goolsby in 1732; the endorsement on the conveyance of tbis lan d made ill 1788. exp ressly mentions the destruction of the records by the British in 1781. Sam uel Shelton died in 1793. Hi s wife's name was Judith. and his children were Clough, Joseph . Samuel, David, Elizabeth, the wife of John T indall, and the wife of J ohn Lewis. who lived n ea r Scott's Landin g. Clough was a Captain in the Revolutionary army, and was taken prisoner at th e surrender of Ch a rleston. H e died about 1833. Hi s children were Nelson, Maria, the wife of Robert Anderson. Ciceiy, the wife of a Walker , and William A. Samuel in the early part of th e century was engaged in busi ne ss in Warren. In partnership with \VilIiam Walker and John Staples, under the sty le of Samuel Shelton & Co .â&#x20AC;˘ he co nducted a large mill and distillery at that place . In 1810 he purchased from Governor W. C. Nicholas the Boiling Spring plantation, which

-

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HISTORY OF ALBEl\l,ARLE

he soon after sold to J ohn Patterson, the Governor's so n 路 in - law. He died in 1826.

A William S helton , who died in 1789, lived on Mechum 's River, n ot far from th e present Depot. H is wife 's name was Eli zabeth , and his chi ldre n were John, Gideon and Thomas .

I n 1794 Thoma s , his wife Mary, and hi s mother E lizabe t h, conveyed what seemed to be Thomas's portion of the estate to Tarl eton \Voodson , and like ly removed from the county.

The relation of thi s fami ly with others of the name ca unot be ascerta ined.

In 1749 Wi ll iam Shelton, of St. David's parish , King and Quee n, purchased laud o n Byrd Creek, in what is now Fluvanna County. Hi s wife's nam e wa s Patience, and he had a daughter Sarah, who wa s the wife of Augustine She pherd. It is thought he wa s a lso the fath er of H e nry and \Villiam. Henry lived in the northeast pa rt of the count y , on the Barboursville Road. H e died in 1799. It is sa id h is wife was a Long, a sister of the wife of Thomas Garth S r . , and his children were Susa n , th e wife of Th o ma s S mith, Ann , the wife of Jacob Powers, who removed to Harriso n Co unty , Kentucky , Jane, the wife o D ere miah \Vh ite, Martha , the wife of Samuel Mansfield, Mou rnin g, the wife of Joh n \Vhite , Ann, the wife 01 Achilles Barksda le, Thom as L .. M ildred , William and Austin.

Austin se ttled on Mec hu m's River , abo ve the Depot, and died unm a rried in 1806. H e wa s s ucceed ed by his brothe r Thomas L ., who al so purcha sed in 18 12 from the trustees of Menan Mills his l11 ill , a nd th e tract belonging t o it, which he bought in 1789 from J o hn Black . Thomas L. died in 1859. H e married Susa n, da u g hter of Jam es Ballard, and his chi ldre n were Mart ha , the wi fe of Ma rtie Baker, S t apleto n, Austin G., Dr. 'l'hom as W . , who rece ntly died in Augusta County, Ma ry, the wife o f Da vi d J effri es, James H., and Lucy. t he wife of George C_ O mohun d ro.

Wi ll ia m , son of Willi a m , owned land on bot h s ides of Mec hu m 's, near the D<.." pot. H is home was on the north side of th e Sta unton Road, on the place now owned by Charl es H . Pri ce. H e rlied ill 18 15. lIe was twice married, first to ~

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

315

Lucy, daughter of Robert Harris. and secondly to Sarah - - - . His children were \Villiam Harris, l\'[ourning, the 1>wife of Archibald \Voods, Elizabeth, the wife of Richard / Mobbery!'- Dabney, Sarah, Lucy, the wife of Elliott Brown, Agnes, \Veatherston and Thomas. The first three emigrated to Kentucky. Dabney and Thoma s, who sold their part of the estate in 1817 to Francis McGee. were living at the time in Augusta County. \Veatherston, who married Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Harrison, sold the same year to Benjamin Hardin the interests of himself and his deceased si~足 ters, Sarah and Agnes, and removed to Mason County, V indnia .

SIMMS.

\Villiam Sim ms l ived in the northeast part of the county. on the waters of Priddy's Creek and Blue Run. The first mention of his name occurs in 1779, wben he hought land in that neigbborhood from Josiah Bush. He was Captain of a militia company in the war of the Revolution. He built one of the first mills on Priddy's Creek, and for many years it was 3 noted point in that vicinity . He di~ 110+197. He and his wife Agatha had nine daughters and~ sons, Mary, the wife of John During, E li zabeth, the wife of John McCann, Lucy, the wife of John Dalton, Joanna, the wife of James Ownsley, Ann, the wife of Samue l Brockman, Nancy, the wife of Ambrose Rrockman, Agatha. the wife of \Villiam Catterton, Frances. the wife of Richard Flint. Rosamo~. l\. \ tbe wife of Joseph \Villiams, Ri chard anrl John .~1'1~ ~ ~" Simms, who li"e~u-the---5ame section, was probably fl brother of \Villiam, certainly the guardian of his younger t children. He was twi ce married, first to ;"[ildred, daughter of Richard Durrett, and secondly to Lucy, daughter of James Early. He had two sons, Ri chard D. and I saac .

Richard D. married Elizabeth, daughter of David Clarkson, and his c hildren were Eliza , the wife of E d ward \V ingfield, Jace, the wife of Tandy Brockman, Cornelia, the wile of Rev. Robert \Vatts, and Lucy Ann, the wife of JaDles D. Watts, and \Villiam J. His home was near the mouth of Priddy's Creek, and he died in 1862. I saac lived in the Buck

316

UISTO R\, OF ALBEMARLE

:Mol1otain district. and died in 1836. Hi s wife was Nancy Catterton, and his children Mary, th e wife of \VilIiam Blackwell , Eliza. the wife of Logan Maupi n, Permelia, th e wife of Samuel Crawfor d, of the Valley, Agnes. the wife of John D. Carr, Julia and Richard D. John Sims li ved in tbe Buck to.'[ollutaiu neighborhood , and died in 1798. His wife's name wa s Mary, and hi s children John , Francis, Nathaniel, and a daughter , who wa s the wife of I son \V altoD. SlU ITB.

Joseph S mith in 1734 joined with Edwin Hi ckman.

Thom as Graves, and Jonathan Clark in e nte ring thirty-two hundred and seventy-seven acres all the north side of the R iv anll3 , where it is crossed by t he South West Mountain.

In the partition of the tra ct. th e portion of Smith coi ncided with the Pantops plantation. H e devised it to hi s sons, J ohn, Larkin, Philip and Thomas. In th e interval from 1746 to 1765, they sold their shares. and eventually they a ll came into the possessio n of Mr. J effe rson. \Vhat beca me of tbe brothers, is not known. It is probable Larkin died in the county in 1763, and Larkin Smith, doubtless a son of bis. or of one of his brothers, was a Captain in the Fourtb Dragoons in the Revo lutiona ry army .

About 17 66. \Villiam. J ohn and Charles S mith, of Hanover. purchased land on the head waters of Mechum 's and Rockfish. They were probab ly broth ers. Charl es settled 011 T aylor' s Creek. and \Villiam and J ohn on \Vhitesides, where they both bought from Morans. \Villiam from Nic holas, and J oh n from J ohn Moran. Charles died in 1771. \Villial11 in 1801, and John in 1808. Th e nam e of J o hn 's wife was Elizabeth, and hi s c hil dre u were Thom as, \ViIliam, Mary. the wife o f Francis Montgomery, Nancy . the wife of David Burgher, Joel. Martha, Eli zabeth , the wife of Robe rt Page. and Charles. Joel married Martha, daughter of Charles Patrick. and his children were Mary, the wife of John Massie. Johu P., Elizabeth , th e wife of J oh n \Vallace.

Harriet and Thomas J. All th is family exce pt Mrs . Wallace and her hu!)band, re moved to Ke ntucky. Cb a rles lived

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

at the foot of Armor's Mountain on the borde r of Nelson, and died in 1842. Hi s wife wa s Mary Ba iley, and his children William , Joel , Robert P ., Frances and Jane.

In 17 69 Thoma s Smith purchased a part of t he Chiswell paten t 011 the head waters of Mec hum 's . H e died in 1783.

Hi s ch il d re n were Thom as, John , Ann, the w ife of \Villiam Grayso n, Sarah, the wife of Natha n Cra wford, Lawrence, Mary, the w ife of (David?) Buster, Susan, and anot her daughter (Ursul a ?), the wife of a R ay. Hi s son T homas died in 179 1. Hi s wife's name wa s Susa n , an d his chil dren were Nancy, the wife of James Lobban , Bolling, wh l) re m oved t o L incoln County, Missouri, Elizabeth, the wife of Nicholas Merritt, Mary, 1\Iart11a andSebanah. Thech ildren of Nicholas and Eli zabeth l\lerritt were Rhoda, the wife of Th oma s Grayson, Thoma s, S usa n , the wife of Robert Ha is lip , Sa rah. the wife of Andrew Black, Markwood, Rosanna, th e wife of J ames Bl ack, James and Retta, the wife of J ere miah Dollins .

SOUTHALL.

Valentine Wo od So'ut hall , during a long and busy caree r . was one of the m ost prominent men of the co unty.

He wa s the son of Ste phen Sout h all and Martha \Vood, and the g randson of Valentine Wood and Lucy H enry, a sister of the renowned orator. In early life he was engaged in busi ness in \Vashington City , but afterwards studied law, and was ad m it ted t o the Albemarle bar in 1813. By his thoroug hness and impressive eloc uti on h e soon attained a place in the front rank of the profession. I n 1829 he was appointed Commonwealth 's Attorney, a nd held the office ti ll it became elective under the Constitution of 1850. H e was a member of the Convention that formed that Constitut ion, and also of that of 1861. a cting as th e Preside nt of the latter dur ing the sickness of its presid ing officer. Thoug h devoted to hi s legal duties, he took an a ctive part in politics. and for a number of terms was a member of fhe Ho use of Delegates , and also its Speaker. H e died s uddenly in th e latter part of 1861. He was tw ice married , first t o Mary, th e daughte r of Alexander Garrett , and seco ndly to Martha, daughter of

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B lS'l'ORY OF ALBEMARLE

J ames P . Cocke. The h ome of his early married life was on t he northwest corn er of H igh a n d F ourt h Streets, the present residence of Dr. \V. G. Rogers, but about 1829 he removed to t he brick mansion near the cor ne r of Jefferson and Second, which be bui lt.

J. U1 SOft I SOWhLL. "" L-&U il V Thomas Sowe ll made o ne of the earliest entries of land wit h in thE" bound s of Al bema rle. In 1734 he obtained a grant of five h nnd red a nd fifty acres west of the southern end of Carter's Mou ntain. H is na me s till distinguishes Sowell's Branch, a st ream whi ch pa sse~ through the land into the north for k of H a rdware. H e died in 1763. His wife's name was Martha , and hi s children were John, \Villiam , Joseph and Thoma s. Thomas died unmarried three years after his father. The name of John 's w ife was also Martha, and his c hildren were Thomas, Be njam in, Edmund, E lijah, Eli sh a, a nd Kezia h , the wife of \Villiam Perry. Elisha Sowe1ll11ar- ~ ried Elizabeth Gilliam in 1808 . In 1834 L ewis and Nimrod, sons of one of the broth ers above m entio ned, purchased from Will ia m Garland the lot on University Street east of R. F. Harris's W areho use, where for many years they conducted the whee lwright b usine ss . L ewis married Mary Ann, daughter of \Vill ia m Dunkum, and his c hildren were William, Mary , the wife of Albert G entry, and Ben jamin. Pleasant, another descendant of the family, m arri ed Sarah, daughter of Edward Garland.

d.... t: Ie.fl

STAPLES.

Thomas Staples during 1783 and the next year took out patents fo r more than eight hundred acres on Hudson and Tot ie r Creeks, and for one hundred and fifty in North Garde n . H e purchased more than four hundred more on Totier.

Before the cl ose of the century he sold most of this land to Sa muel Dyer, much of it lying coutigllolls to Glendower. It is believed hi s wife was Ellinda, da ugbter of Ca stleton Harper, and his c h ild re n Thomas , Beverly, and Sarah, the wife of Littlebury Moon. Th omas was for years a leading merc hant in Scottsville, a nd died in 1868. H is wife was AnD, daughter of William T ompkins, and his children Sarah, the â&#x20AC;˘

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

319

wife of D. P . Powers, Martha, the wife of John S. Marti n , Olivia,the wife of Spencer, Phaniel , the wife of \V. D. Davis, Susan, Catharine, Marietta , Silas, \Villiam T ., and John. Beverly died in 1865. H e ma rried Judith \Vhite , and his c hil dre n were William G., Elmira, Ma.ria, the wife of - -- Chambers, Ann, the wife of J ohn T yler, Minerva, the wife of Alfred Flippin , Addison, and Emily, the wife of Mad ison Porter.

STEVENSON.

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Andrew Steve nso n , born in Culpeper in 1785, was the son of Rev . J ames Stevenson , rector of St. Mark's, Culpeper, and St. George's, Frederi cksburg, a nd his wife, Frances A. Littlepage. H e was a law yer by profession, member of Congress, Minister to England, and Rector of th e University of Virginia. In 1816 he marri ed Sa rah , daug hter of John Coles.

Th e next year he purchased upwards of seven hundred acres on Tot ier Creek from \Vi lli am \Va tkins , a descendant of \Villiam Battersby, one of the o rigi nal lawye rs of the connty. A s trea m passing through th e place wert for many years by the name of Steve nson 's Creek. Th is plantation he sold to Tucker Coles in 1833, and in 1836 he bough t Blenheim, the old seat of the Carters, which he made his home till his dea th in 1857. He was buried iu th e Coles cemetery at Enuiscor'thy. He married a second time, and hi s widow after his death res ided in \Va"hington City. Hi s son, John \V., was admitted to the Albemarle bar in 1834, settled in Covington, Ky ., wa s e lected Governor of that State in 1867, and represe nted it in the U nited States Sena te in 1871.

STOCKTON.

Among tbe earliest sett lers in the western part of the county, who came a s is s aid und er the leadership of Michael \Voods , was a family named Stockto n . Tho ugh th eir name has entirely disappeared, they have in a number of ways left their mark be hind . Th ey consisted of severa l branches. They erected perhaps th e first mill in tb at sect ion of the county.

The north fork of Mec hum's River still bears the name of Stockton's Creek , the south fork in early times was ca lled Stockton's Mill Creek, and the first name by which I srae l's â&#x20AC;˘

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Gap wa s known was Stockton's Thoroughfare. T he famous abbreviat ion of D. S. is also ascribed to the head of the family . One s tory recites tha t Michae l \Voods and Da vis St ockton landed at \Villiam sburg, ami cam e to the wilds of Goochland toge ther, t h at arrivi u g at D. S. , they advanced in different di rections, \V oods co nti nuing straight forward to \V oods's Gap, and S tockton bearing to t he left along th e foo t of the mountain towards Batesville, and th at as a memorial of the p lace where they sepa rated, Stock to n ca rved h is initia ls on a tree. While th ei r landing on t he eastern s h ores of Virgin ia is cont rary to all the best est ablished traditio ns, there may be truth in the rest of the narration . Bot h were patentees of land, and th ey may ba ~e gon e from th e foot of the Ridge to Williamsburg on b u siness; on their return, the separa tion would naturall y h ave take n place at the poi nt ment ioned' as \Vood s 's h ome la y a t the month of 'W ood s 's Gap, and the Stocktons were settled along Po'I ec hum 's River, the so uth fork as w ell as the 110rth .

As already intimated, the head of the fami ly was Davis Stoc kton. H is first entry of four hun dred acres on Ivy Creek was made ill 1739, and in 1741 he patented eight hundred more au both fork s o f Mec hum's. Altogether the family connection obtained g rants of nea rl y four th ousa nd acres in that sect ion . Davis died in 1760. H is widow Martha seems afterwa rd s t o have been marr ied to Samue l Arnold, who lived on I vy Cree k . Davi s's chi ldren were Ri ch ard, Samue l , \Vi lli am a nd Thoma s. Samuel a nd \Villiam bad a mill au the south fork of l\1echum's, nol far from Batesville, the same no doubt th ei r fat h er bui lt, which in 1767 they sold to J ames Garland. Prior to 1780 Sam uel emigrated to Rutherford County , N orth Carol ina, a n d was probablyaccompa n ied by William. R ichard li ved in the fork of Mec hum' s , near the old Black place; in fac t , th at pla ce wa s a part of his la nd, he and hi s wife Agnes h aving sold four hundred acres to Rev. Samue l Black ill 17 51. He died in 1775 , leav ing five son s, Richa rd, Thom as, J ohn , Robert and Davis . T he nam e of John appea rs am ong the s ubscribers to tbe A l bemarle Declaration of Inde pendence, made ill 1779.

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Previous to 1791 Richard and Robert removed to Henry County. Richard became Clerk of the Strawberry Baptist Association, and Robert entered the Baptist ministry, and subsequently went to Kentucky, where he died about 1837.

Thomas, probably the son of Davis, died in 1783. He and his wife Rachel had six sons and two daughters, some of whom were still in the county as late as 1805.

In later years John N. C. Stockton came to the county from Pennsylvania. He was a proprietor of the Stage l ines running in Virginia, and made Charlottesville his headquar· lers. H e became a large landholder in the neighborhood.

In 1830 he purchased from Andrew Leitch the old Stage lot on the corner of Market and Seventh Streets, in 1832 Carrs· brook from Alexander Garrttt, as executor of Dabney Minor, and iu 1835 Retreat from Jonathan B. Carr. H e was also the owner of Camp Holl y, on the Barboursville Road. He married Emily Bernard, a niece of \Villiam D. Fitch. In 1837 he came to an untimely end, by drowning in Mobile Bay. \Villiam P. Farish became the adm:!listrator of his estate, a~d ultimately one of his successors in the ownership of the Stage lines. William Stockton, brother of John N. C., married Sarah, daughter of Gideon Strange and Mildred Magru · der, and em igrated to Florida.

SUDDARTH.

\Villiam and James Suddarth were early sett lers in the county. They were undoubtedly brothers. They and their descendants were located on the south fork of Hardware, between t!:le Cross Roads and Covesville. Previous to 1750. \Villiam bought from Abraham Venable three hundred acres of a tract of fifteen hundred which Venable had patented in 1735 in that vicinity. In the year first uamed. William excbanged two hundred acres with J ames, for the same quan· tity which James had purchased from the same tract. \Vil · liam seems to have died before 1768, as at that time Lawrence Suddarth, apparently his SOl1 aun representative, conveyed to James the other hundred acres of William's purchas~ from Venable. Lawrence was a resident of Amherst, but subse· - 21

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quently settled in A lbemarle, on Green Creek. H is wife's name was Martha, and be died in 18 15.

James died in 1800, and left at lea st three child ren, William, J ames, and l\[ildred, the w ife of John Turn er. These brothers lived near wh ere th e present Lyn cbburg Road crosses the so uth fo rk of Hardware, a m ill known as S uddarth's Mill h av in g conspic uoll s ly marked that loca lity for mally yea rs. In 1830 William wa s assessed with lUore than th irteen hundred acres of laud. H e died in 1832 . It is said hi s wife was ~ lartha Sumte r , and hi s ch il d ren w ere W illiam H " Jam es, Sa rah , t he wife oCRobert Porterfi eld , Martha, the wife of Richard L itt leford , Ri chard P., who m a rried l\'1a rtha Morris, and whose dang-hter Sarah wa s the wife of Henry Darrow, Nancy, th e w ife of George Paris, Eli zabeth, the wife of J ohn \V. Dettor, and M ildred, the w ife o f \Villiam Page. H is brother James m arried J ane, daughter of John Randolph. He died about 1850, and hi s children were J ames, Ra nd olph, \V illialll '1' ., Mary, th e wife of David H icks, Patie nce. th e wife of Rice Oaks . 'I'bo rn as, John and Benjamin.

SUM TER.

The fi rst mention o f the Sum ter nam e occurs in 17 63 , when Wi ll iam S n mter bou gb t from Thom as L a nd o ne hundred acres on Priddy's Cree k , which had been patented in 1739 by Major J ohn H e nry . the orato r 's fath er . and which Land had purchased from his son, Willi a m H enry. S umter 's next purchase was made in 177 0 on the nortb fork of the Rivanna. at th e south e nd o f Piney l\'lountain. This l and was conveyed by J ohn Poin dexter , who obtained the grant of it in 17 38 . a nd from whom the mou ntain was or iginally called Poindexter's Mountain, and the creek rnnningthrongh it (no doubt Herring's Creek a t prese nt) , Poindex ter 's Creek.

William Sum ter co nt inued h is purchases, till he ow ned between six and seve n hundred acres. In 1776 he and his wife Judith sold off a ll h is property. One of the s ales was made t o Joh n Sumte r , probably a brothe r, and the la nd J ohn t hen bought be a nd his wife Catharine co nveyed in 1779 to Charles Bush. In a ll probabi lit y t hey so ld to go e lse where.

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No int imation appears as to the place of their removal; but a s their kinsman, General Thomas Sumter, had already attained a distinguished name, it is almost certain they emigrated to South Carolina, the theatre of his gallant achievements.

A well founded tradition exists, that General Sumter was b orn in Albemarle, and in the secti on referred to as the home of William and John. It rests particularly on the testimony of Dr. Charles Brown, who was born just after the Revolu~ion.

T he Doctor was famil iarly acquainted with a sister of the General, Mrs. Martha Suddarth, the wife of William Suddartb, who li ved and died in the county. Mrs. Suddarth was well know in her day throughout the community, because of her intelligence and skill as a nurse. Mr. J effetson, in one of his letters to his daughter, Mrs. Eppes, when in declining h ea lth, recommended her to seek the advice of Mrs. Suddarth' as one whose experience and judgment were worthy of the highest rega rd. It may be that she and her eminent brother were chi ldren of one of the cot:ples mentioned above.

SUTHERJ~AND.

In 1774 Joseph Sutherland bought from Gamaliel Bailey nearly three hundred acres a short distance east of the Miller School. This place he sold three years after to Thomas Harlow , and purchased in the South Garden, near the gorge of th e so uth fork of Hardware. H e died in 1801. His first wife 's name was Judith , and he married again E liza beth, daughter of \Villiam Grayson. His cbildren were J oseph, and S usan, the wife of Chri stopher Myers. Joseph married Elizabeth, daughter of Edward Garland, and in 1817 bought from him part of the old Jam es Garland place about t wo miles southwest of the Cross Roads, which in those days went by the name of the H ead of the Creek Plantation. He died in 1818, leav ing four sons, Clifton G., Joseph, \Villiam and Edward. Clifton married Mary Ammonett, li ved at the Cross Roads, b'a d a large family, atRla ied in 1868 . Joseph in 1837 purchased from Dr. John \V. Gantt the place adjoin ing the Cross Roads on the southwest, where he lived until

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his death in 1866. His wife was Elizabeth,4ughter of Rich a rd G. And erson. 'Villiam married Lucy, daughter of Roland H. Bates, and livec on the Head of the Creek Plallta· tion, whe re he recently d e pa rted thi s life. Edward l ived on t he Bates v ille Road. west of the Cross Roads. He married Ann Shep h erd, wh o after his death became the wife of Joh n P .M aun.

TAYLOR.

William Taylor in 1737 obtained a g r ant of twelve hundred acres on ;o..'1oore's Cree k, whi c h is believed to include the land wb e reo n Charlottes v ille is situated. H e also patented t he s am e quantity on the north fork of Hardware in 1741. It mu s t ha ve bee n a part of this tract, nearly eight hundred a cres, whic h James Taylor , mos t probably a so n, so ld to • James Buc h a nan in 1765. T he same year J ames sold to James Buchanan part of a patent of his ow n , w hich w as 10· cat ed on Hardware and Mur phy's Run in 1750, and on whic h he was then liv ing. Nothi ng furthe r is known of these per· son s, except that Nanc y, a daugbter of Jame s, was the wife of John Eaves.

During 17 60 and som e years afte r , Ben ja min Taylor be· c ame the owner by patent and purcbase of more th a n seve n hund red a cres on Broadaxe Creek and Mechum's River.

Part of thi s land he sold in 1772 t o Micajah C h iles. He died in 1809 . His wife' s name was Mary , and he h ad three s ons, Fle m ing, \V ins ton and Benjamin. In 18 11 the wid ow , being a bout to re move to G eorgia, appointed George l\L Woods h e r att orn e y , to tra ns act ally of her unfini shed b u si ness.

H e r so n s Illay poss ibly have preceded her to tha t Sta te; but thoug h no ne 01 the family remaiu, they have left beh ind a m em oria l of their Ilame in the pass age through the mountain nea r t hei r old place, whic h is still known as Taylor's Gap. At a m uch late r pe riod, J. C. R. Ta y lor ca me to the county froUl J eff e rso n . H e m a rri ed Ma rtha J . , dau g hter of Colone l T. J . Ra ndo lph, and res id ed at Lege. H e died in 1875.

'I'ERRELL .

In 17 34 Joel Terrell, of H anove r, and h is brother-in -law , David Lewi .. , patented t h ree thousa nd acres n ort h and west

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of what is now called Lewis's Mountain, sixteen hundred belonging to Joel. He died about 1758, devising the Ian.::! to his sons, \Villiam and Joel, though all eventually came into the possession of Joel. Joel became a dealer in real estate in many parts of the connty, and owned considerable property in and around Charlottesville. His home was iJl town, on the corner of Market and Fifth Streets, where the City Hall now stands, and where he resided till his death in 1773.

He married his cousiu Ann, daughter of David Lewis.

After his decease she became the wife of Stephen \Villis, and removed to Rutherford County, North Carolina, where s he died at the great age of more than a hundred years. Her husband's large estate was sold off in subsequent years by his executors, herself, \Villiam Terrell, and James Kerr.

Henry Terrell, of Caroline, in 1737 entered seventeen hundred and fifty acres on the south fork of Mechum's and \Vhitesides Creek, including the site of Batesville. He died prior to 1764. T he land descended to his sons, Henry and Thomas. In the year last named, H enry, wbolived in Caro line, sold to Solomon Israel twenty acres near Stockton's Thoroughfare, which in time took the name of the new pur chaser as I srael's Gap. The next year he closed out the remainder of his share to John Jones, of Louisa. Thomas and his wife Rebecca sold his share in 1768 to Reuben 'I'errell, of Orange. In 1770 Robert Terrell, of Orange, bought from Thomas McCulloch upwards of three hundred acres in the same vicinity, which in 1783 he and his wife Mary Lacy sold to Marshall Durrett. Reuben di ed in 1776. His wife's name was 1'l'Iildred. and his children were Mary , the wife of John \Vood, son of Isaac, and John. His widow became t he wife of Jesse \Vood, to whom the step-son sold the larger part of his father's land. John Terrell married Lucy, daughter of David Burgher, and died without children in 1857. By his will he manumitted his negroes, and directed his executors, Reuben \Vood, his nephew (to whol11 be devised his land), and J ohn B. Spiece, to send them to Liberia.

J ohn Terrell , who it is believed was a brother of Reuben

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HISTORY OF A L BEMARLE

and Robert , a nd a SOD of E d muud T errell a n d Margaret \Villi s, p urchased in 1799 from R ob ert C arter Illore tha n twelve hun dred acre s in the Bisc uit Run Valley . In the fi rst yea rs of th e ce ntur y , T er rell ' s Shop w a s a fa milia r w ay ma r k on the road frolll Charlottesv ill e to Carter ' s Bridge.

H e and his w ile Rebecc a so ld hi s pro per ty in A lbema rl e, a n d abou t 180 6 removed t o G ree nup CO llnt y, K e ntucky. H is mother d ied in 18 12 , a nd his s iste r s we re Nanc y , the w ife of T h omas H enderso n , J a ne, t he w ife of J oseph Bis hop, Frances , the w ife of C h arles C . L acy , and Lu cy.

Chi les T erre ll l ived a t Mu sic H a ll , all t h e east s id e o f t he South \Vest i\Ioull tain. I n 1783 he ma rried Marg aret Donglass, the ,vida w of Kich o las l\I eriwet her. During t he war of the Revolutio n , he wa s regarded a s le an ing s tro ng ly to t he T or y side. I n 1777 th e County Court refu sed to all ow a deed to hi m from David :Yl eri wether to g o to record, because of t heir suspicio n t h at he had not taken the oa t h of allegia nce t o th e Sta tes. H e was the acti ng e xecutor o f M it:ajah Chi les.

Hi s so n, J ames H unter T errel l. who s ucceed ed h im at M usic H a ll , ma rri ed S usan Vibert. and died in 1856.

T he fami ly o f Captain William Terrell, of L o u isa , resi ded i n A lbe ma rle. In 1825 hi s wi dow, Martha , p u rcha sed fro m Dr. F ra n k Ca rr Hors de Vill e. the place near the Chesapeake aud Ohio Depot now occ up ied by J ames D. G oodman . S he died in 1830 . H er child re n were Ri chmond , th e father o f fo,路1J s . Wi ll iam W. Minor , El eanor , Rebecca, N aucy , Em il y , the wife of Dan ie l F . Ca rr , Lu cy , M ary . l\h r tha . the wife o f Samuel H . R oya ll , Dorothy and Mal vi na. These ladies , becau se of the ir emine nt cultu re and a cco mpli ~ hm e n t s , were kn ow n in t he communi ty a s the N iue Mu se s.

J oel T er re ll , wbo wa s th e son of Chr is topher, came to the county about 1828. In that yea r he bo u g ht fro m Dab ney Minor's e xecutor a part of the Carrs brook estat~. w here h e l ived u nti l h is deat h in 185 1. H e married I.., u cy Ma rs h a ll, a s ister o f the wives o f N i mrod BralU ha m a nd J ohn R . J oues.

H is chi ldre n we re Sara h . the w ife of Nat h a n C . Goodm a n, A g nes. th e w ife o f Charles W r ig ht , El iza. th e w ife o f S tapl eto ll C . S helt o n . Mary , the th ird wife of F onta ine D.

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32 7

Brockman, Albert. George. Lucy, Almira, Clementina. the wife of Nelson Elsom, Virginia. the wife of Peter V. Phillips, Harriet, and Harden ia , the wife of \Villiam Beck..

TUOMAS.

Michael Thomas in 1745 and 1748 patented six hundred acres all Hog Creek and Rockfish River. H e seems howevei. to have resided on Jame s River. At the resumption of the records in 1783, he was active as a magistrate of the county, and was appointed Sheriff in 1789. H e was greatly h~lrrassed by suits brought against him as incumbent of that office, owing to the maladministration of his deputies, Edward Moore and Menan Mills. Perhaps these annoyances incited th e old gentleman to seek tbe balmy consolations of matri mony a second time. At all events he entered into tbose bonds witb Elizabeth Staton in 1792; and in writ ing to the Clerk for a license. he stated that he was unable to visit the county seat himself, but sent his son Ralph. and his grand son John Carroll. to act in his behalf. He died in IS02. His children appear to have been Michael, J oseph, J esse. Ralph, Edward. Jam es, and a daughter, who was the wife of a Carroll. The fu ture of the family is unknown, except that Joseph died in 1797, and Michael in 1826.

John Thomas came to the cOllnty from Amherst. He was twice married, first to Frances. daughter of the eld er John Henderson, and secondly to Frances, daughter of Charles Lewis Jr.. of Buck I sland. He lived for a time on a tract of laud which he received froUl his second fatbe r·in-law on Ivy Creek, and which he sold ill 1788 to Robert Draffen, and afterwards on the land of his son Charles L. Thomas near Red Hill. He died in 1847. His children by the fir st marriage were \Varner, Norborne K., James, Elizabeth, the wife of a \Vood, and Lucy, the wife of James Lewis; those by the second were Charles L., John L., Virginia, and Margart:t, the wife first of Julius Clarkson, and secondly of Robert Cashmere. In the early part of the century . \Varner, Norborne and John L . did business in Richmond as commis· sian merchants, under the firm of N. K. Thomas & Co .

•

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A bo ut 1815 th ey purc h ased t he Co le land on the north side o f T om' s MOllntain , a th ous an d a nd twe nty-eight acres; three hund red th ey s o ld t o S te phe n Moore, and the remain ¡ der wa s a ssig ned to J ohn L. Thomas . whe n he retired from the firm i!1 18 18 .

By th e will of his un cle I sh am Lewis, who died in 1790, Charles L . Thom as became th e owner of mOTe than eighteen hundred acres on the 110rth fork o f Hardware. where Red Hill Depot n ow s tands. H is hom e was where the family of J ohn B . T o wnle y now res ide. Before his death in 1815, be le ased th e east ern part of th e place to bi s brothe r John L. dur ing the lives of hi s p a re nts . for their s upport, and that of bi s sis ters . His wife 'w as Marga ret, the youngest daugh ter of Nichola s Lewis , of the Farm, and his children were Mary \Valke r , the wife of Al exander Clayton , Ni cholas L .â&#x20AC;˘ Cb a rl e~, Rob e rt \Varne r , Fra nces Eli zabeth , the wife first of Dr. C h arles H. Meriwether , and secondly of James Hart, and J oh n J . The weste rn part of the pla ce was divided am o ng the c h ild ren, who in 1830, a nd some years following, sold their po rt ions , and e mi g rated to Montgomery Connty, T e nnessee. Jobn L . pa ssed bis life on the place leased him by hi s b rothe r. He was appointed a m agistrate ill 1838 , and di ed ullmarr ied in 1846.

TH OMPSON.

J oseph T bom llson wa s one of th e original mag istrates of t he county, and it s firs t S he r iff. H e r es ided in th e bounds of Fluvanna, not fa r fro m P alm yra . H e di ed in 1765 . His w ife's na me was S ar ah, a nd his childre n we re Rog er, G eor ge, L eona rd, J ohu, a nd Fra nces, the wife of a Woodson.

The fa llli1 )- was well re prese nted in th e Re volutionary army.

Roger w as a Capta in in the Second Virg inia, and J oh 11, First Li e ute n ant in the Seventh , wh ile G eorge and Leonard were L ieut e n a nt s in the State m iliti a. In 1737 Roger Thomps on Jr ,pate nted nearl y three hund red ac res on Foster's Creek in the S to ny Poi nt nei gh bo rh ood; it is pro bable he was the same as Captai n Roge r. The s ame year John Thompson ente red m ore th a n fi ve hun d red acres on the south fork of the

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319

.Rivanna, and in 1759 one hundred and twenty more a short distance above on )'1oorman's. It is believed he was the brother of Roger, and the father, or more likely the gra ndfather, of Roger and Nathaniel, who lived on or near the land which he entered. The last mentioned Roger died in 1838. He married and hi s children wen" \.Villiam, Nicholas, Nathaniel, Mary, the wife of Richard Franklin, Elizabeth, the wife of a Ballard, Sarah, the wife of Samue l Ward, and Susan, the wife of \V illiam \Vard . His so n Nathaniel married Temperance. daughter of \Vitl ia m Crenshaw, gave the land on which \Vesley Chapel was built, and died about 1835. Nathaniel Sr. married Lucy, daughter of Beruard Brown, and died in 1874.

His children were Edmund I., who died iu 1868, Bernard , and Mary, the wife of James E. Chapman.

In 1766 Waddy Th ompson, of Louisa, came to the county, and married Mary, daughter of Robert Lewis , and widow of Samuel Cobb. He had previously married Elizabeth, daugh路 ter of Nelson Anderson, of Hanove.. His children by the first marriage were Nelson, Anderson, David, who removed to \Voodford County, Kentucky, Waddy, who removed to Rockingham, Susan, the second wife of David Rodes, and afterwards of James Kerr, and Lucy. Nelson received from his father two hundred and fifty ac res southwest of Still House 1Iountain, which he sold iu 1794 to Thomas Garth Sr. He then bought on Beaverdam of H a rdware . where he died in 1798. Thechildren by the second marriage were Ann, the wife first of John Slaughter, a nel second ly of Philip Grafton, )'Iary, the wife of James Poindexter. Susan, the wife of J esse Daven路 port. ~Iildred, the wife of James Scott, and Judith, the wife of William Poindexter. John Slaughter was Surveyor of the county, and died in 1797. His chi ldren were Mary L., Waddy T. , and Robert L. Waddy T . married Frances Ballard, and in 1823 was living iu New York. where he was Postmaster. and owner of the tanyard, the most lasting monument of the place. which he bought from Nathaniel' Landcraft. and sold to James Lobban. \Vaddy Thomson died in 1801, and his wife iu 1813. All tbeir chi ldren appear

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to have removed from the county except Susan and her hus band. For a time he kept the Swan Tavern. H e died in 1822, and she in 1847.

TIIURMAN.

The names of Thurman and Thurmond in the early records were interchangeable. John Thurman began to pu rchase lan d on Cove Creek in 17 61. \Villiam on Green Creek in 1774, and Richard and Philip on Buck Mountain Creek and Doyle's River in 1776. Those of the name in the Buck Mountain region, seem to have disposed of their property, and removed from the county abou t 1790.

Previous to the latte r d ate Benj a min Thurman was settled on the west side of the Sou th \Ves t Mountain, nea r Ham mock's Gap, which is now generally called after tbis family Thurman ' s Gap. Benjamin married Nancy, daughter of Gideon Carr, and his chi ldren were Fendall C . , Susan, the wife of John Rothwell , Sarah, the wife of Aus t in Sandridge, Mary, the wife of John Gentry, Ann, the wife of Micajah \V. Carr, Elisha and Lucy. Fen dall married Ann Royst er, of Gooch land, so ld his land to his brother Elisha, a nd in 1827 emigrated to west Tenn essee . H e was the father of Edward Thurman, Janetta, the wife of David Hancock, and Catharine, th e w ife of Or. Charles Hancoc k. Elisha married Mary Dic kerson, and h is ch ildren were Fendall D. , William, Ann, the wife of Jam es Wh ee ler , Mary, the wife of John Carr, Thoma s Lindsay, Ca roline , th e wife of William H. Peyton, Benj a min and Theod ore.

TIMBERLAKE.

John Timberlake was the first clerk of F luvanna County. lIe died in 1820, at the age of e ight y- nine. His sons, \Va lke r , John and Horace, l ived in Albemarle. Walker was a Methodist minister, and witbal an active man of business. H e resided for a time a t Glenmore, and subsequentl y at Bellair , below Carter's Bridge. H e died ill 1864. His chi ldre n were Gideon, Clark, Johu \V., William, Aun, the wife of B. C .

Flannagan, Elizabeth, the wife of J ohn H . T iw be rl ake,

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331

Sarah, the wife of H . H. Gary, :V[ary, the wife of Abraham Shepherd , and Christiana. Gideon, who lived on the east side of Dudley's Mountain wher e it abuts on the north fork of Hardware, and Clark married respectively Lucy and Letitia, daughters of Nathan C. Goodman. John was admitted to the Albemarle bar in 1812, and was associated with James and John B. Magruder in the purchase of the Shadwell Mills, and a large tract of timber land in the Buck Island section.

He died in 1862. His wife was Sarah, daughter of John B. :M agruder, and his children were \Vilhelmina, Edward J., Ann , the wife of Dr. John C. Hughe s, and H enry . Hora ce had two sons, Johu H. and Horace. John H. was appointed a magi stra te of the county , lived at Greenwood Depot and Brownsville, built at the former place a l arge edifice in which Rev. \Villiam Dinwiddie cond ucted a flourishing sch ool before the war, and died in 188 1. Hi s wife was his cousin Elizaheth, daughter of \Valker, and his children were Virgilia, the wife of Rev. Paul \Vhitehead, John H. , who was killed in 1876 by a fall from his ~orse above Mechu m 's Depot , and James W., who married Sarah Patrick, and lives on the old Patrick place west of Batesville. Horace lived in the Buck Island neighborhood.

A brother of the first J ohn Timberlake was L ew is , one of whose daughters was the wife of \Va rner .:\linor, an original hotel keeper at the University. Another daughter, Louisa, while visiting in her sister'S family, became the wife of \ViIliam \Vertenbaker.

Another brother of th e first John was Jam es, a purser in the United States Navy. He married Peggy O'Neal, daughter of an Irish hote l keeper in Washington City, a woman of great beauty and briHiant natural g ifts. After Timberlake 's death, she became the wife of J ohn H . Eaton, General Ja ck sou's Secretary of \Var, and by her elevation to the cabi net circle occasioned such viol ent social disturbances as eventually produced the disrupti on of that body.

TOMPKINS.

Giles Tompkins was the first of the name that appeared in the county. He purchased land on Totier Creek in 1765.

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Hedied in 1795. leaving at least three chi ldren. William. Elizabeth and Sarah. \Villiam lived in the same neighborhood on an estate called Whiteball. He died in 1824. Hi s wife's name was Elizabeth. and his children were John. \Villiam, Elizabeth, the wife of Peter \Vhite, Catharine , the wife of James Minor , Samuel W., Ann, the wife of Thomas Staples, Edmund , Robert and James. Samuel was a physician, and. practised in the vicinity of Earlys\'iIle, and afterwanis near Scottsv ille. H e married Sarah, daughter of George Gilmer, and his children were Elizabeth, the wi fe of J. Schuyler Moon, Jane. G eorge , Junius , Samuel, Martha, Charles, Lucy and Catharine. James married Sara h, daughter of Dabney Minor, and his children were \Villiam D., Jam es E., and Eliza, the wife of Johu L. Coleman. William D. and James E . were for many years well known commissi on merchants in Richmond.

James E. married Frances, daughter of John H. Coleman.

TOOL I路;V.

In 1741 Jam es Tooley obtained a patent for four hundred a cre s on T otier Creek, and two years later John took out one for two hundred a nd fi fty in the sa me vicinity. They were most probably brothers. John died ill 1750. and James in 17 81. The name of Jam es's wife was Judith, ana hi s child ren were J ohn, J ames, Sarah, the wife of Edmund New, Ann , the wi fe of John Martin, Charles, William , Arthur, Eli zabeth, Ma ry, the wife of John Gilliam, and Judith , the wife of Archelaus Gilliam. William died about 1830. His children were Mary, \Villiam, John , Charles, Nancy, Eliza路 beth, th e wife of Jam es Gentry, and Arthur. In 1815 John, the son of William, married Mary Gilmore, and hi s children were James and Jo s hua. The most of this family seem to have removed t o l\'Ionroe County, Kentucky. Totier was so meti mes ca lled Tooley's Creek, and it is so designated on some of the maps of Virginia. At the beginning of the century, an e mine nce all the o ld Iri s h Road, where it was intersected by a road from Cocke's Mill, went by the name of Tooley's H ill.

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333

T URNER.

T erisha Turner wa s gran ted one hundred and thirty-six acres on the south branches of H ardware in 17 60 , and th is tra ct he and hi s wife Sarah sold to Peter Cheatham in 1777.

At that time he was described as a citizen of Amherst. He was also the owner of severa l hundred acres on Green Creek. whi ch in 17 90 he sold for the most part to Benjamin Harris.

In 1788 Ch arles Turner bought from So lol11on Ballou nearly two bundred acres lying to the n orthwest of I vy Depot. He died in 1789. Hi s wife 's name . was Mary Ann, and his c hildren were Robert, George, R eu be n , \Villiam , Matthew, K ez iah , Mary and Jud ith. George in 1791 married Ann, daug hter of Gabriel and Ann .M aupin. A number of the children in 1815 sold th eir land to Charles Harper , and removed to Pendleton County, K e ntucky. The sma ll mountain at the foot of which their land lay is s till known as Turner' s Mountain.

J ames Turner , described as belonging to Amherst, was a considerab le land owner o n the lower Hardw are ~ His wife was Rebecca, daughter of W illiam Hamner. H e sold his property in the coun ty before the end of th e las t century. part to Samuel Dyer. and much the larger part to Pleasant Dawso n.

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TWYMAN.

George and William Twyman, in all likelih ood brothers, were citizens of Culpe per. George began to purchase land in Albemarle on the Buck .M ountain Road near Earlysville in 1765. In 179 1 and 1804- he divided nearly six hundred acres between his sons, George and J oseph . H e died in .1822, at the age of eighty-ni ne. H is wife's nam e was Mary, and his cbildren were George, Josep h , Samuel, Sarah, the wife of a Sanford, William, Abraham, Elizabeth, the wife of Willi am J. \Vood, Agatha , the wife of Robert Dearing, Ruth, the wife of David Watts, and James. A number of this family re moved to Kentu cky , and as none of them bearing the name now reside in the co nnty, it is probable they all emig rated to the \Vest.

William iu 1770 bought more than five hundred acres on

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

the bead waters of Mechu1U 's, whi ch he sold in I 7iS to \VilhaUl \Vood and F rancis W eathered. In 1771 he purcbased from J acob Snead three hundred acres on Ivy Creek, at the crossing of the Whitehall Road. Thi s place he sold two years after to George \Vayt. F rom the fac t that the eldest sou of Wayt wa s named Twyman, h is wife was no doubt a daughter of \Villiam. \Villiam Tw y man , whose wife's name was \Vinifred, appears never to h ave lived in Albe marle.

WADDEL L â&#x20AC;˘

.

Rev. J ames \Vaddell , the b l ind preacher. resided ou the borders of Alhernarle a n d Louisa, the latt er part of bis l ife.

Hi s first h ome in Virginia was in Lancas te r Cou nty, where he married Mary, daughter of James Gordon. T o avoid t he troub les incide n t to the exposed state of that part of the co untry duri ng the Revolution, he re m oved t o Augusta Count y, where he took c h arge of the Tin k ling" Spr ing Church, and whe re he purc ha sed from J a m es P . Coc ke. Spr inghill , the old Patton place. When the war euded , he fixed his reside nce on his place ca lled Hope well , about a mile southwest of Gordonsville. There he died in 180j, and there his remains lay t ill 1871, whe n by the permissio n of friend s they were t r ansfe rred to the yard of th e Presbyterian Churc h at Rapidan, wh ich wa s ca lled by his name. Hi s children we re Na tha nie l, J ames G .. Elizabe th , the w ife of Rev. \Vitliam Ca lhoun, Jauetta, the wife of Dr. Archibald Alexander, Ann, Dr. Addison , Sara h and Littleton . J ames G. beca me a member o f the A lbemarle bar in 1800, b ut for the most of his life pursued the ca ll ing of a teac he r. H e m a rried first Mary '1'. , daughte r of Reuben Lind sa y, and seco ndly hi s cousin Lucy, daughter of John Gordon. H is h ome was at Spring-h ill , on the west side of the Gordousvi lle Road oppos ite the reside n ce of his father. I n 1823 he s old hi s place to \Villiam T . Da v is , and removed to Wa y nes boro. The mos t of th e family became residents of th e Valley .

WA LKER .

Th omas Wa lker was born iu King and Queen in 17 15 , was a st ude nt of \Villiam and Mary, and about .1741 married

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE.

335

Mildred, the widow of Nicholas J\'l eriwether: Through her be came iuto the possession of Castle Hill. By profession he was a physician, but possessed too bold and energetic a nature to be contented with the ordinary routine of a count ry doctor. In his younger years he occupied with signa l efficiency a number of publi c positions. It is believed that notwithstanding the claims in behalf of Finley and Daniel Boone, be led the first expedition that ever traversed the mountains, and stood upon the famons hunting grounds of Kentucky. I n 1748, and again in 1750, he visited Southwest Virginia and Kentucky, and to tbis day has left his memorial in the form er region, in the names of \Valker's Mountain and Walker 's Creek on the confines of Giles and Pulaski Counties, and in the latter , in the nam!! of Cumberland which he gave to the mountains, gap and river so called. in commemoration of the Duke of Cumberland, V'lho had recently crushed the rebellion of 1745 on the field of Culloden. He was Commi ssa ry of the Virginia troops under Braddock, and was at that general'') defeat in 1755. ~'Iore t han once he was appointed to treat with the Indian s in New York and Pennsylvania . and in 1778 was one of the Commission selected to fix the boundary between Virginia and North Carolina. Without any change of residence. he successively represented the counties of Hanover, Louisa and Albemarle in the House of Burgesses, and in 1763 was the trustee of Albemarle to sell and convey the Iot~ and out lots of Charlottesville. the new county seat . He died in 1794. His children were Mary, the wife of Nicholas Lewis, John, Susan, the wife of Henry Fry, Thomas, Lucy, the wife of Dr. George Gilmer, Elizabeth, the- wife of Rev. Matthew Maury, Mildred, the wife of Joseph Hornsby, who removed to Shelby County, Kentucky, Sarah, the wife- of Reuben Lindsay. Martha, the wife of George Divers, Reuben, Francis, and Peachy, the wife of Joshua Fry. John lived at Belvc.ir, the old home of Robert Lewis, was aide to Washington in the Revolution, memherof the House of Burgesses, United States Senator to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of William Grayson, for mavy years Common -

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wealth ' s Attorney for the conoty. and died in 1809. He mar _ ri ed El izaheth , daughter of Bern a rd Moore, and gra udcla ughter of G overnor S pot s w ood, and hi s ouly child Mildred became the w ife of Franc is K inloch , of So uth Carolina.

Th o ma s wa s a Captain in th e Ninth Virginia Regiment O{ th e Revolution a r y army, and d ied in 17 98 . His home was on the pl a ntation of In d ian F ield s.

His wife was Margaret Hoops, and hi s childre n M. L . t Eli zabett¡. the wifeof Robert Mi chie . Maria, th e wife of Ric ha rd Duke, Jane , the wife of Will ia m Rice. of Halifax, Mildred, the wife of Tarleton G ool sby , John , Thomas and ).lartba.

Francis su cceeded h is fath e r at Castle Hill, was a magistrate of the co unty . Colonel of the Eighty - Eight h Regime nt , mem ber of the House of D ~ l egates, and Representative in Con g ress, and died in 1806. H e marr it:d J ane B yrd, Gaughter of G e neral Hug h Ne lson , and granddaugh t er of President W ill ia m Nel s on , and hi s ch ildre n were Jane Frances. the wife of Dr. ~1ann Page, and Judith. the wife of \Villiam C. Rives.

WAI.LAC!!.

Three brothe rs n a med Wallace ca me to Virgi nia with M ichael \Voods as his sons -in -law about 1734, Peter, Andrew an d William . Pete r married Martha \Voods, a nd settl ed in Rock bridge County . He was the father of Adam and Andrew \Vallace. who displa yed great ga llantry in the battle of Gu ilford C. H . â&#x20AC;˘ the latter y ield in g up hi s life o n th at field.

Th e other brothers remained in Albemarle. Andrew Walla ce m arried Ma rgaret \Voods . H is home was n ear Ivy De p ot , on pa rt of the Charl es Hudson entry, where Charles H a r pe r a ft erw ard s re s ided. H e died in 1785. Hi s children were Mic hael , Sa muel, E li za beth, the wife of William Bris- ./ coe , Ma ry, th e wife of A lexander H e nde rso n, Hannah , Su s an , the wife of Toomas Co ll ins. Margaret, the wife o f W ill ia m Ra msa y , and Jean, toe wife of a Wilson. All these fa mil ies e x ce pt the Ramsays em igrated to the West, so me prob a b ly to wes tern Virgin ia, bu t most of th em to Ken t ucky.

William Wa ll ace married Hannah Wood s. His home was

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

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on land at the foot of the Blue Ridge near Greenwood Depot, whi ch he bough t from And rew Woods, and on which some of hi~ descendants still reside. Hi s children were Michael, John, Jean, the wife of Robert Poage, William, Sarah, Hancah and Josiah.

Michael lived on Lickinghole, was Captain of 3. military company during the Revolution, and a ruling elder in Mountain Plains Church, with his wife Ann sold his place to George Conner in 1786, and emigrated to Kentucky. John lived near Greenwood, with his wife Mary sold out to his brother William, and in 1780 removed to Washington County, Virginia. Josiah lived at Mechl1m's Depot, with his wife Hannah so ld his plantation to Edward Broadus in 1796, a.nd removed to Kentucky. \Villiam continued in Albemarle, and resided at th e old bome near Greenwood. He died in 1809. His wife was Mary Pilson , and his children William, Richard, Hannah, the wife of John Lobban, Samuel, Mary, Michael, Elizabeth and John. \Villiam was associated with J o hn Pilson in the mercantile business, but died young and unmarried in 1812.

His business was continued by his brother Richard, who died unmarried in 1832. Michael lived at the old homestead, married Lavinia Lobban, was a ruling elder in Mountain Plains Church, and died in 1845. His chi ldren were Samuel, who emigrated to Texas, Mary, \Villiam, Martha, the wife of Peter Le Neve, Michael \V., Lavinia, the wife of Dr. A .

Hamilton Rogers, J. Hervey, Sarah, the wife of Thomas L. Courtney, John R. and Charles. J ohn married Elizabet h, daughter of Joel Smith, and lived in Nelson . His chi ldren were J esse, Samuel, William W. , Mary, the wife of William Smith, and John Pilson.

WATSON.

William \Vatson came from Charles City County, and resided on land east of North Garden Depot, whi ch in 1762 he purchased frOID Job o Leake and William and Joseph Fitzpatrick. He died in 1784 . Hi s chi ldren were John P., Richard P . , Josep h and Nancy, the wife of Thomas Cobbs.

J ohn P. died in 1812, and his widow Martha, to whom he - 22

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HISTORY OF A LB EMARL E

devised bis estate, became the wife of J oh n Brown in 1816.

Ri chard also died in 18 12. His wife was Ann Anderson, and his chi ldren W ill iam, Lu cinda and Aun, the w ives respectively of \\Tilson Gregory and Fra ncis S taples, both of Henrico. R icha rd 's widow wa s s ubsequ e ntly married to Dr. C. Lewis Carr. T he laud s of this family have p assed into other hauds, though their name is sti ll remembered in the neig hbo rhood.

Ancther William \Vatson married Susan, daugh ler of Dav id Watts, and in 1767 rece ived from h is father · in · law a portion of his estate on th e wes t s ide of the South \Vest Mountain , not far from S ton y Point. H is c h ildren wer e John, Matthew, E l izabetb, Sa ra h , Lucy , the wi fe of Thomas John son, Mildred , An n and Ma r y. J oh n s ucceeded to his father ' s place. In 1804 he bo u gh t from Tho mas Wells nea rl y five hundred acres of t h e Carter la nd south of Char· lottesvi lle , part of whi ch was sold in 1818 b y Matthew and h is w ife Lucy to William Dunkum , and part in 1836 by John and his wife Mary to Sa muel Mitche ll , of North Carolina.

Th ere be ing fo r man y years simu lta neous ly three John \ Va tso ns in the coun ty, this John was described as of the Little Mountain. \Villiam \Vatson, so n of Little Mountain John , h ad for a long period charge of the county jail. He was a saddler by trade , and in the early years of the ce ntury was associa ted in business with Edward Stone , who rem oved to Davidson County, T e nnessee. Tbey owned the n orth e nd of the lot on th e wes t side of the Square . In 1819 Wa t son bough t fro m Ed· mUDd Anderson the lot on the wes t s ide of Park Street , where he built the b rick house which was lon g the resid ence of the late Thomas Wood . H e wa s J ailor from 18 11 to 1828 , and agaiu from 1832 to 1841 , whe n during the impri sonm ent of • J ose pb E. Semmes, h e was succeeded by his so ~ , James A. Wat so n. He marr ied Eli za beth, da u g hter of Sa muel Barksdale, and hi s child re n were J ames A lbert , who marr ied Mary, daughter of Ande rson Brown, and Mildred, the wife of a Jones. H e died in 1853 , and h is son James A. in 1857 .

In 177 9 John Watson purchased laud in the northwestern

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

339

part of the county on Rocky Creek. H e was succeeded by his son John, who was distinguished as John Watson, of High Top. The latter died in 1833.

About 1790 John \Vatson, known as of Milton, came to the county from Amherst. He was the son of James \Vatson, formerly of James City County. H e settled in Miltou, and was closely identified with its interests from its founda tion. He was appointed a magistrate in 1800, and served as Sheriff in 1825. In 1813 he purchased from Brown, Rives & Co. Forest Hill, a plantation on the south side of the Rivanna below Milton, containing upwards of a thousand acres. He made this his residence uutil his death in 1841.

His wife was J ane, daughter of Richard Price, and his children Eliza, the wife of Ira Garrett, James Richard, John \V. C., Isabella , the wife of Charles B. Shaw, Matthew P., Egbert R., and Ellen, the wife of J obn C. Sinton. J . Richard married Ann, daughter of J ames Clark , was a merchant in Charlottesville, and a hotel keeper at the Universi t y, and died at Forest Hill in 1867. John W. C. was admitted to the Albemarle bar in 1830, married Catharine, sister of professor John A. G . Davis, and removed to Holly Springs, Miss.

He represented that State in the Confederate Senate during the war.

Matthew P. married Eliza, daughter of Opie Norris, and removed to Southwest Virginia.

Egbert spent hi s life in Charlottesville, as one of the leadi n g lawyers at its bar, and Judge of the Circuit Court at the c1o!>e of the war. He was thrice married, first to Mary, daughter of Opie Norris, secondly to Jane Creigh, of Greenbrier, and thirdly to Elizabeth, daughter of Isaac \Vhite. H e died in 1887. Dr. Daniel E. \Vatson, a kinsman of this family, came to the county from Amherst, and in 1837 bought from Francis B. Hart the plantation in the Rich Cove, on which he resided till his death in 1882. He was appointed a magistrate in 1838. He married Mary, daughter of Henry T. Harris.

Joseph Watson, an immigrant from Ireland, in 1832 bought from Andrew Leitch, agent of the Dinsmore estate.

Orange Dale, where he livel\ until his death several years

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

ago.

H is wife wa s Ellen Leitch Jr.

L eitch , a sister of Sam uel

WATTS.

Jacob \Vatts became th e owner of morc than eleven hun dred acres o n the n orth fork of the Rivanna , nea r Piney Mountain. He was onc of the early Methodi st ministers of the county. H e d ied in 1821, at the age of ninety yea rs.

His wife was Elizabeth, daugh ter of the fir s t Ri c11ard Durrett, and his chi ldren \Villiam, J oh n , Elij a h, Fielding-, Mildred, the wife of a Bruce, Mary~ t he wife of H eze'kiah Rodes, F ranâ&#x20AC;˘ ces, the wife of Joseph Edmonason, Nancy, the wife of Henry Au stin , and Agnes. the wife of John Huc kstep . The ch il dren of Elijah were Sarah, the wife of Kcnza Stone, who removed to Bourbon County, Kentucky, Mildred, the wife of Jam es Dick erson, Elizabeth, the wife of John O. Pa dge tt, Nancy, the wi fe of Wil ey Dic kerson, and Frances, the wife of J ames Malone.

David Watts, possibly a brother of Jacob , l ived on t he west side of the Sout h \Vest Mountain, so~th of Stony Point . H e died in 17 67. Hi s children were John, David, Nathan, and Susan, the wife of \Villialll \Vatson. David lived in t he same neighborhood, a n d died in 1817. Hi s wife 's name was Sarah, and his children were Charles, who married Eli zabeth Buckner, John , Philip, David, who married Ruth , daughter of George Twymau, Susan, th e wife of Carver Thomas , Ma r y, th e wife of \Villiam Breedlove , Mildred, the wife of Richard Breedlove, Frances a nd Na ncy . Ph il ip married a da ughter of J ohn Brown, a n d li ved we's t of Mechuru's Depot. H is daugbter America wa s the wife of Mad ison Kinso lving.

WAVT.

George \Vayt ill 1773 purchased from \Villiam T wyma n the plantation on Iv y Creek, on t:'e north s id e of t he Whi t e hall Road, which long cont inued iu t he possession of th e family. It is be li eved bis wife Cathari ne was t he da ug h te r of Twym an. It is sa id that after his death, she became th e wife of Elija h Garth . Hi s chi ldre n were Twyma n, T ab itha , the w ife of a K en nerl y, of Augusta, Catha r ine, the wife of

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341

Paschal Garth, who removed to Todd County, Kentucky, Frances, Sarah, Judith and Elizabeth. Twyman was for many years as~ociated in business with his brotber-in -l aw, John Winn, under the finn of Wayt & \Vinn. He was also Mr. \Vinn's successor as Postmaster of the town . His home was on the northeast corner of Jefferson and Second Streets, the square on which it stood having been bought by him in 1815 from the executors of Jacob Kinney. He married Mary Johnson, of Flnvanna, and his children were Charles, John, James M., Mary, the wife of Dr. J. W. Poindexter, and Twymonia, the wife of Peter A. W~)Qds. He died in 1861. \VERTENBAKER .

Christian \Vertenbaker was of German extraction. His first home was in Columbia, Fluvanna County, but he removed to Milton, when that town was establi shed. Subse quently he became a citizen of Charlottesville, and in 1814 purchased from his brother-in路 law, Joshua Grady, the far m Oll the old Barracks Road,east of I vy Creek, where he spent the remainder of his days. He died in 1833. He married Mary, daughter of Joshua Grady, and his children were \ViIliam, Edward, Thomas Jefferson, Elizabeth, the wife of John \Valker, who removed to Pickaway County, Ohio, Susan, the wife of Patrick Martin, and Sarah Ann, the wife of David Vandegrift. \Villiam in his youth acted as deputy Clerk and deputy Sheriff of the county, and was admitted to the bar in 1824.

Soon after he was chosen Librarian of the University, and continued to be connected with the affairs of that institution until his death in 1882. He possessed a marvellously accurate recollection of all the students who had during his time frequented its halls, and no figure associated with its scenes dwelt more familiarly in their memory than his. He retained much of the manners of the old school, and the offer of his snuffbox was one of the acts of his stately courtesy to the last. For many years be was a ruling elder iu the Presbyterian Church of Charlottesville. His wife was Louisa, daughter of Lewis Timberlake, of Caroline.

342

HI STORY OF Al.BE\TARl.F. WHEEl.ER.

Benjamin Wl:;.eeler was one of t he ea rly pa te n tees o f land within the present l imits of A lbemarle. In 1734 h e obt ai ned the grant of six hundred acres on Al ecb unk , a nd iu 1740 two huudred on Moore's C reek. H e conveyed three h un d red acres of his Mecbunk land to Gi les A llegre in 1748, an d the remainder in 1768 to his grandson Benjami n Burgher. In 17 64 he conveyed his land on Moore's Creek to his so n -i n la w, Micaja h Spradling. His children were Benjami n, )..1ieajab, and the wives of Micaja h Spradli n g and Manus B urgher.

M ica jah marri ed Susan, daughter of J ohn \VOOdSOIl, and d ied ahout 1832 . His children we re Johu, Ropert, who married Frances, daughter of Callum Bailey. t he wife of J o hn \Voodson, and Mary, the w ife of T ucker Page.

Be njamin Dod \Vheeler was con t ~mporaueous with the fi r s t Benjamin; w!;e t he r he was the son of t h at na m e. is not known. lIe became thE" owner of more than eight hund red acres on the uppe r waters of Moore's Creek, the greater portion of which he and his wife Ann sold to George Nic ho las iu 1788. He appears the n to baveremoved frOUl t becounty .

A daughter Elizabeth became the wife of J ohn O ld J r., in 1785. , Micajah Wheeler, probably a b rother o f t he first Benja m in , also bought land on ).1 00re's Creek. H e died iu 1809. H is wife's name was Sarah, and his c h ild ren were J oshua , J ohn, :M icajab, Benjamin, J oel, El izabe th, Sarah, the wife of Obadiah Britt, and Ann, the wife of Bezekiah Collins . J ohn in HH4 purcha sed from Stephen Hughes the mill now k n own as M3ury's, which he and his wife Ann sold in 1820 to J oh n M .

Perry and Reube n Maury. Micajah married lo.hry E m e rs on , bought in 1800 a parce l of land 00 Mechum '5, west o f Bat esville, which in 1815 he sold to Ralph Fie ld, a n d died in 183 6.

Bcnjami u31so died in 1836. H is c h ildre n we r e Sara h , S u sa n , the wife of a Holsou, Mary. the wife of Ove rtlm L ow r y. M il dred. the wife of_a \Vood, and a sou , who was t he fathe r of Be nnett and Joel. Joshua died in 1838. Hi s wi fe's nam e was Mary. and bi schi ldren were Joh n D., wbodied in 1844, M icajab, who married Julia, daugh ter of Be n jamin Marti n , a nd

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died in 1841, Joshua N., who ::narried Rebecca Pollock, and died in 1858, Sarah, the wife of John Bailey, Eliza. the wife I..-of Goodrich Garland. Matilda, the wife of James Garland,'Elizabeth, the wife of John Martin , and James.

WllITE .

John \Vhite, a native of Scot land, bought land from the Brockillans and Dowells on the west side of the South \Vest Mountain, beginning his purchases in 1772. H e married Mourning, daughter of Henry Shelton, and died without children in ~07. By his will he emancipated forty-seven negroes, and made provision for their removal to a free State, John \Va!ker and Ch iles T errell being appointed his executors. Jeremiah .do ubtl ess a brother, married Jane Shelton, a sister of his wife.

Conyers \Vhite came to the county froID Orange in 1776, and purchased more than fiftee n hundred acres on Bu ck Mountain Creek . He wa s succeeded by his son Crenshaw, who married Sarah Austin, sold his proputy about 1825, and emigrated to )Iissouri.

In 1779 Daniel \Vhite bought from William \Vood th e plantation on whi c h he was livin g at the time, lying south west of Batesvi lle. This pla ce he subsequentl y sold to Benjamin Ficklin. In 1812 he purchased from the tru stee of Menan Mills th e farm at the bend of Mechum ' s River on Broadaxe, which has been in the possessi on of the family ever si nce.

He died in 1818. His wife 's name was Elizabeth, and his children were )Iary , the wife of T homas Martin, Elizabeth, the wife of John Jones, M a rgar~ t he wife of 'l'homas Jackson, Nancy, the wife of Overton Garland,John, H enry, Wil liam, who died in New O rlealls in 1817, Rhoda, the wife of Joseph Grayson, and Fel ici a. Henry succeeded his father at the home place. H e was appointed a magistrate in 1830, and died in 1850 . He marri ed Elizabeth, daughter of Rice Garland, and his children were Samuel G., and Elizabeth. the wife of Edward C. Hamner.

Near the close of the last ce ntury Garrett \Vbite came to tbe county from Abdison. and established his borne in the

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I

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HI STOR Y OF A L BEMARLE

North Garden , southwest of the Cross Roads. By hi s sagacity and industry h e acquired a large estate, beco ming the owner of more than two thousand acres in the N ort h and South Gardens. H e was appointed a magistrate in 1806, and served as Sheriff in 1830 . He died in 1843. H e married Elizabeth, daughter of J ohn Piper, and hi s children were John , Jerem ia h , who died you n g and unmarried . and Sarah, t he wife 01 Samuel W . Martin. John d is played the energy and thrift of his fa th e r . He died in 1866. H is wife was Caroline, daughter of S t ephen Moore, a nd his chi ldren we re Garrett, John S., J ere m iah, Frances, the wife of Alfred Carpenter , Mary, the wife of Nichol as M. Page , and Sarah. th e wife of Sa mu el G. White.

W IL KINSON.

J oh u W ilk insou dese rves mention as one who early s ought t o develop the natural resources of th e couuty. He came, it is likely, from Baltimore in 1768. and at firs t with Nathaniel Giles and John L ee \Vebster, and afterwards wi th John Old, made seve r a l purcha ses o f la nd supposed to cont ain iron are . In pursuance of the sam e e nd , he took out pat ents in 177 0 for large tracts of land in the Ragged Mountains, and along the Hardware River. Ore w as mined on Cook's Mountain , on Applebe rr y Mountai n near the Cove, and on the north for k of Hardware, and furn aces were built on both the north and south for ks of that strea m . The business wa s not attended with succes s. Litigation a rose, and the lands of W ilk inson h aving been mortgaged to carry on the enterpri se , were s old by order of Court in 1796. Nothi ng is known 01 hi s s ub sequent life. He see ms how ever to have lived in the s outhe rn part of the county, and died in 1813.

WJNGP I ELD.

The fir s t appearance of the \Vingfield name in A lbemarle occ urred in 17 62 . At t hat time ?,'I ary, the wife of John Win g field, and daughter of Charles Hud son , conveyed to her son Charle s a part of five h und red acres named Pros pect, on wh ic h he was th e n li ving , and which s h e h ad rece ived from

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

3-l5

her father. This place was manifestly situated in the Bis路 cuit Run Valley, near the north fork of Hardware. a locality for a lon g period largely occupied by the \Vingfield family.

In 1772 Charles bought from David Glenn upwards of three hundred acres on the head waters of Mechum's, which in 1783 he sold to John Piper. He died in 1803. His wife's name was Rachel, and his c hildren were John, Charles, \Villiam, Christopher, Joseph, Francis, Mary, the wife of John Hamner, Ann, the wife of John Harrison, Sarah, the wife of a Martin, Jemim a, the wife oi Samuel Barksdale, and Elizabetb, the wife of Henley Hamner.

John died in 181 4. His wife's name was Robina, and his children were John, Robert, Matthew, Rebecca, the wife of a Gilham, Mary and Martha. John married Ann, daughter of John Buster, lived west of Batesville, and died in 1859. H is children were Richard, Edward, Robert, John, and Mildred, the wife of a Herndon. Robert, his brother, died in 1825. and his chi ldren were Thomas F., Mary Ann. and John M. Matthew married Martha. another da:~ghter of John Buster, and his child ren were Ann and Martha.

Charles, long known as Charles \\'ingfield Jr.. was ap路 pointed a magistrate in 1794, and served as Sheriff in 1819. but died ill one month after entering upon the office. His borne was at Bellair, all the Hardware. In 17 83 he married Mary, daughter of Charles Lewis Jr., of Buck Island, and widow of Colonel Charles Lewis, of North Garden, but had no children. In his will be mentions generally the relations of his wife, as well as hi s own. There is a tradition in the family that be was an Episcopal minister, but no other evi 路 dence of the fact can be found.

Christopher li\'ed on the Plum Orchard branch of Biscuit RUIl. He died in 1821. His wife's name was Elizabeth, and his children were John H., Lucy, the wife of Allen Dawson, Ann Eliza, the wife of James Rosson, Charles, who married Margaret Rosson, and after whose death the widow became the wife of \Villiam Summerson. WbOUl many remember as the aged page of the County Court, and \Villiam. John H. and \Villiam removed to Nelson Cou nty.

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

Francis lived in the Biscuit Ruu valley, at the foot of Ca r ter ' s Mountain. His chi ldren wefe Mary, the wifeof Robert Gentry , Thomas. Francis , Charles M., Ann, t he wife of Littleton Chick , and John . John removed to Hanover.

H is chil d ren w ere Alonzo . C bas tain. H enrietta , Agnes. Eliza路 beth an d Charl es .

O th er membe rs of the fa mily who came to the county besides Charl es, were Edward a nd Reuben. Edward died in 1806. H is wife wa s Nancy Hazelrig, and his children Josep b F ., J o hn , Mary , the wife of Larkin Hudson, Amanda, the wife o f R ice Ba iley , S arah , the wife of William Stewardson, E d wa rd \V . G. , Ro bina , the wife of James Martin, and Matthew. The c h ildre n of Re ube n , who died in 1842, were Sa ra h , Mary R., Lucetta , John 0 ., Anrlerson and Edward.

Ch a rles Win g fi eld, no doubt of the same stem, but of a d ifferent hra nch , ca ute to the county from Hanover in the early p~ rt of t he ce ntury , married Cary Ann, dang-hter of Le wis ~i c hol as , beca me a Baptist minister, and died in 1864.

H is ch il d re n were Frances . the wift! of \Vaddy Roberts, r..I a ry, the wi fe of John A. Mosby, Sarah, the wife of John Morris, Ma ria , the wife of Robert Thornton, Julia, the wife of John P. Robert s, Edmoui~, John, George and Dr. Cha rles L .

WINN.

J oh n \V inn came from Fluvanna, and settled in Charlottesvi ll e ill th ~ ea rly part o f the century. As the partner of T wy man \Va yt, he was for a long- time one of t he principal merchants of t he town , and it s Po stm::lster. He also dealt co nsiderably in real estate . In 1813 he purchased from John Ca rr h is sen t of Belmont , where he resideci unti l his death in 1835 H is wi fe was )'I iss John son, a sister of Mrs. Wayt, a nd o f Mic hael J ohn son, who married Sophia, daughte r of J esse Lewis , an d wh ose home wa s about a mile south of J esse L ).1aury' s res id ence . His children were Benjamin, J ohn J , \V ill ia m , Thoma s, Eli zabeth, the wife of George R. K ing, o f Loui s iana, Mary, the wife of John A. Grette r , Martha, the wife of David Gretter- these gentlemen were brothe rs from North Carolina- and Sara h, the wife of J ohn Y. B ar -

HISTORV OF ALBEM A RLE

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relt , who was a partner of George M. McIntire in the drug business, and eventually removed to Amherst. Benjamin married ~lary J ., daughter of Ira Garrett, and removed to Amh erst, near Pedlar Mill s. John J . married Ali ce , daughte r of Rice W. \\Tood, and lived the latter part of his life in Hillsboro, where he died in 1885 .

W OOD.

H enry \Vood , the first Clt=rk of Goochland , was one of the earliest patentees of land within the prese nt lim its of Albe路 marie. In 1734 and 1739 he was granted twenty -s ix hundred and fifty acres on Buck Is land, part at its m outh. and part where th e late Christopher Gilmer lived. ca ll ed the Upper Plantation. His son Val entine became a resident of the coun ty, and was appointed one of its magistrates in 1746. Wheu hi s father died in 1757, he ret urned to Goochland , and succeeded him in the Clerk 's office. After his death his family again fixed their re::idence in Albemarle . His wife was Lucy Henry, a sister of the g reat orator, and his chi ldren H e nry . ~lartha , the wife of Stephen Southall, Mary, the wi fe of Jl1d g-e P eter Joh nston, and mother of General Joseph E. Johnston. Lucy, the second wife of Edward Carter, John H. t \Villiam and J ane.

Thei r land in Albemarle was so ld, the largest portion , nearly t we lve hundred acres, to J o hn R. Campbell ill 1815, when the family transferred thei r residence to Fluvanna . Mrs. Lucy \Vood died there about 1826. J ohn H was the only son who married.

His wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Charles Spencer. A son, Va lent ine, died in infancy in 1822. and a daugh ter, Mary. survived him, Richard Duke being appointed her guardian in 1827.

Josi a h \Vood in 1741 pate nted four hundred acres on Buck Mountain Creek. In 1769 he bought land on the west side of the South West ~Iountaiu , which in 1787 he and his wife Mary so ld to Claiborne Rothwell. H e also purchased a tract of more than fifteen hundred acres which lay at the junction of tbe Buck Mountain and H ydra ulic Mills Roads. which bad been apparently entered by Major John Henry , father of the orator, and which in later tim es came into the

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HISTORY QP ALBEMARLE

possession o f ~ c l s ou Barksdale and G eorge Crank. This la ud in 1792 h e divid ed betweell his sons David and John.

J o hn in 180 1 was succeeded by Horsley Goodman 35 Major of the S econd Battalion of the Eighty-Eighth Regiment, sold bis lanel t o Jobn Clarkson , and probably removed from the county . David in 178 1 married Mildred. daughter of Colonel â&#x20AC;˘ Nicholas L ew is, of the Farm. His borne was on Buck ?\'[ ouutain Creek , not far from \Vebb's Mountain. He was appointed a magi s trate in 1801, and died in 1816. His c hildren were Thomas W" Nicholas L., Robert \V" \Villiam L . , John \V. , David , Maria, the wife of James Clarkson, who re moved to Kanawha, and l\'I ugaret, the wife of Dr. Jame s B. Roge rs. Thomas lived adjacent to hi s fatber's place, wa s a ppo inted Colone l of tbe Eighty- Eighth Regiment in 18 14, and a magi s trate in 1816, and died in 1831. Hi s wife was Susan da ugbtcr of J osepb H. Irvin, who after his death was marri ed t o John Fra y . His children were Dr. Alfred, Mildred, tbe wife of J e remiah A. Early, and Mary Ann. Nichola s lived near h is brother, ma rr ied Nanc y , and r emoved to 'ripton County, Tennessee. Robert married Mary Ann Mi ller , lived s outh o f Ivy Depot, and afterwards 011 the north si de of r..'1 oorm a u's River, and died in 1839. \Villiam marri ed P a mela, dal1~hter of John Dickerson, and emigrated to Mi ssou r i. J ohn married Amelia Harris , and removed to R ichm o nd . Da vid died young .

The Ila me o f Wood in the v icin ity of Batesville was represe nted by a number of different families, and it is somewh at d iffic ult t o trace their respec tive lines . 'W illiam \Vood firs t appea rs, wh o a bout 1760 bought land from John Leake a nd others o n the bead waters of l\1echl1m' s. lIe seems to h ave h ad fi ve so ns, John, \ViIliam, Isaac , Abner and J esse .

III 180 1 he purc ha sed from the trus tees of Edward Broad u s the o ld Josia h \Vallace place, which included Mechum's De pot. li e di ed in 1808. Hi s S Oil John in 1813 sold the W a lla ce pla ce to G eo rge Price, of Oran ge, who two years late r sold it to J a mes K ill s olving. The name of John's wife wa s Eli zabeth, a nd s he wa s probably the daughte r of J e remi a b Y a ll ce y . William dealt q u ite actively in rea l esta te.

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

349

It was be who in 1779 sold to Daniel \Vhite the plantation near Mount Ed Church, on which the latter resided for more than thirty years . He was much con cerned in military matters , was for many years Captain of his neighborhood company of militia, :lnd was appointed Major of the Second -- BattalIon of the Forty路Seve nlh Regim ent. H e died in 1820. , He was probably twi ce married, first to~brtha , daughter of David Glenn, and secondly to Eli zabeth His children were Rice, Jesse, Elizabeth , the wife of John Brown, David, Nancy, the wife of Joseph 'W atson, William, Milton, John and Clifton. Rice, whose wife 's name was Elizabetb, daughter of David Burgher, and perhaps others of thi s fami ly emigrated to Missouri. I saac seems to have lived in th e fork of Mechum's, east of Yellow Mountain. He married Susan, daughter of Captaio \Villiam Grayson. His son John was the owner of eleven hundred acreS near Batesville. John in 1788 married Mary, daughter of Reuben Terrell, and died in 1843. Hi s chi ld ren were l'\,[ildred, the wife of Henry Pemberton, Sara h , the wife of Hudson Barksdale. Elmira, the wife of \Villiam G. Barksdale, Mary, the wife of L ewis Poates, Lu cy, the wife of Elijah Brown, Reuben, I saac . John T ., James M. , Susan, Jerome B., Richard and \Villiam L . Abner and 1ds wife Mary sold their property in 1795, and appar路 ent ly removed from the county. Jes se married Mildred, the widow of Reuben Terrell , and died in 1824. His chi ld ren were William, Mildred, the wife of Ralph Field, Sarah, the wife of John Field , Elmira, the wife of Joseph Field, and afterwards of John Rob inson, Jesse and Richard. \Villiam married Nancy, d~ughte r of Robert Field, and died in 1833.

His chi ldren were Nancy, the wife of John Dollins, \Villiam, Mary, Elizabeth, the wife of a Stone and Edward. Jesse Jr . died in 1829. Hi s chi ld ren were Thomas G., Mildred.

Jane, and Richard Walker. His wife, whose name was Lucy Wood, was subsequently married to Hudson Oaks.

A John Wood, who li ved in the same section, and died about 1792, married Eleanor, daughter of Solomon Israel.

His ch ildren were Solomo n , William J ., Sarah, Mary Ann. the wife of Reuben \Voody. Susan, the wife of Jonathan

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HISTORV OF ALBEMARL E

Bolling, Elizabeth, the wife of John Clack, and Mildred, the wife of Reuben ).litchell. Many of this family removed to Barren County, Kentucky. A William \Vood also lived in the same section. H is wife's name was Mildred, and his children were J esse. who was distinguished by the affix of Cull- whether beca use he came from Culpeper, or for another rea so n, is !lot known-and Mildred, the wife of J echonias Yancey.

In 1774 David Wood came fro m Louisa , and purchased land from David \Vatts, on the west side of the South \Vest Mounta in . In that section he established h is home. He died in 18 13. Hi s wife was a \:Vatson of the Green Spring family, and hi s childre n Martha, the wife of Nat ha.uiel Thomason, Elizabeth, the wife of ]I'[i caja h Carr , Mary, the wife of John Sand ridge , who emigrated to Green County, Kentucky, Drury, Lucy, th e wife of Elisha D . Gilliam, who removed to Christian Cou nty, Kentucky, H enrietta, the wife of Jam es J effries, Nancy, the wife of Meeki ns Carr, James. Sarah, the wife of a Gooch, who emigrated to L incoln County, K entucky, and Ann, the wife of Barnett Smith.

Drury resided at Park H ill, opposite the be nd of the north fork of the Rivanna, near Stony Point. As a man of busi ness he was judicio us and energetic, and acqui red a large estate. H e died in 1841. He married Malinda , daughter of John Carr, and his chi ldren were Sarah, the wife of Natha niel Burnley, James, who married Frances, daughter of Han cock Allen, David, who ma rried Lucy, daughter of Richard Duke . Will ia m, G eorge. Fenda ll- these five brot hers e mig rated to W est Teun essee- Ri ce VV., T homas, Drury, Mary, the wife of Robert Durrett. Martha, the wife of Jam es D, Allen. and Carol ine, t he wife of T homas J . Early. Rice was admitted to the bar in 182 1, and represented the county in the I-l ouse of Delegates. He di ed in 1831, on the thres hold of a promi si ng ca reer. H is wife wa s Sa rah Don a hoe , of S tau nton , and hi s childre n Corne lia, the wife of George D. Brent , Alice, th e wife of John J. \Vinn, Ma ry and Antoinette. Thomas was admitted to tbe ba r in 1830-a t the time of hi s death its oldest member- and was also a m ember of â&#x20AC;˘

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

351

the Legislature. He was twice married, firs t to Mary Morton, of Prince Edward, and seco ndly to Mrs. Sturdivant, of \\Tashington Ci ty. He died without children in 1895. Drury a lso became a m ember o f the bar in 18路-1-2.

In 1779 \Villiam \Vood came from Maryland, and bough t land on the west fork of Priddy ' s Creek. H e was the ancestor of nea rly all the families of tbe name who have resided in the north ern part of the county. About the sa me period there cam~ from the s am e State, a nd sett led in tb e same neighborh ood, Thomas Will s a nd John Turner, a nd a few years later :Micbael Catterton, Samuel \Vills, John \Vard and J oh n Elliott.

WOODS.

The fir st Woods who settled in Albemarle was Michael, who was born in the n orth of Ireland in 1684, and with his wife Mary Campbell, and most o f his ch ildre n , came to thi s country somet ime in the decade of 1720. Lan di ng on the banks o f the Delaw a re, he spe nt s om e years in L ancaster County, P en nsy lvani a, the nce ascended the Valley oj! Virginia, and crossed the BIue Ridg"e by Woods's Gap in 17 34 . In 17 37 he entered more than thirteen hundred acres o n Mechum's Rive r and Lickinghole, aud the same day purchased two thousan d acres patented two years before by Charles Hud son , and situated o n the head waters of I vy Creek. It is bel ieved h e w as the fir s t settler in wel:>tern Albemarle, and perhaps anywhere along the east foo t of the Blue Ridge in Vi rg inia. Hi s home was near the mouth of \Voods's Gap. He died in 1762, and was interred in th e family burying ground a bout a hun dred yards from the dwelling. H is tombstone was standing ius t after the Civil War, wh en it was broken to pieces and disappeared ; but a fragment discovered a few yea rs ago indicated the year of h is birth. H is will is on reco rd, in which are m entioned three sons and three daughters, Archibald, J ohn , William, Sarah, the wife of J oseph Lapsley, of Rockbrid ge, H anna h , the wife of Wi ll iam Wa ll ace, and Margaret, the w ife of Andrew Walla ce.

Archibald, whose wi fe's nam e was I sabella , was one of his father's executors , and in 1767 joined with J ohn, his co-exec~

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B I STORY OF ALBEMARLE

utor, in co nveying nearly seve n hundred a cres of the land on I vy Creek to Rev. J a mes Manry. In 1771 h e purchased laud on Catawba Creek in Botetourt County , now Roanoke, and removed thither about that time . He died ill 1783 His children were J ames, who removed to Fayette County, Kentucky, J ohn , Arc h ibald , A n drew an d J oseph. Jo se ph diC:'d in Roa路 n oke ab out 184 0, devi s ing half of hi s p roperty to the Pres bytery of :\I ontgomery.

The descen dants of J ohn are sti ll ci t izens of that connty, h is g randsons J ohn \ V. being the p resent Judge of Roanoke Ci ty, and J ames P. its pre sent Mayor. .. ~ J ohn lived on .M echum's River, n ot far above th e Depot of th at uame. In 17-1-5 he was sent as a Commissioner to pro s路 ec nte before the Presbytery of Donegal in Pennsy lvania, a call which t he churches of Rockfish and Mountain Plai ns h ad given t o Rev. John H ind man . H e is the only one of the original fami ly , the dates of whose life are certa inly known.

He was born February 19th, 17 12, and died October 14th, 1791. I-I e married Susanna ,d au gh ter of Rev. James Anderson, whol11 he knew as a c hil d in Pennsylvania, and whom years later he returned to woo as his wife. H is c hildren were ]-"lichael , James, Susan, Mary, L uta and Ann. Mi c hae l l ived on his fathe r ' s place on 1\'I ec hu111 's t ill about 1801, when he removed to a farm in Nelson on the south fork of Rock fi s h , recently occ upied by Charles H ar ris. Hi s wife was E sther Carothers, of Rockbridge. and h is children were \V il liam M. , Mary , the wi fe of Hugh Barclay, Susan, the wife of Kath a niel Ma ssie, John, James a nd Sa mue l. William M. was twice married, first to Louisa, daughter of \Villiam S. Dabney Sr. , and secondly to Martha, daughter of Charles A. Sco tt. H e left ei g ht ch ildre n , who removed to Mississippi.

Hi s brother:5' , J ohn, James, a nd Sa muel, who married Sa rah, danghter of John Roc'l es, emigra ted to Mario n County, Mi ssouri. James (1748-182 3 ) was an officer in the Revolution ary arm y, marri ed Mary , daughter o f James Garland, of North Garden , and re moved to Garrard County, Kentucky, where he had a family of twelve chil d ren. Susan became the wife of D"lnie l l\'I ill er, who removed to Kentucky, and

HISTOkY OF ALBEMARLE

353

from whom descended General John Miller, wbo fell at Perryvill e on the Federal side, Mary, the wife of Jobn Reid, Luta, of Samuel Reid, and Ann, of James Reid and after路 wards the second wife of her cousin \Villiam \Voods.

Wiltiam, no doubt the oldest of the family and born in 1706, succeeded his father at Mountain Plains, the old home路 stead. He seems to have been unfort unate in his business affairs. Twi ce be mortgaged his property , first to Thomas Walker, and then to a number of Valley men, among whom were his brother-in law, John Bowyer, and his nepbew, Sam路 uel McDowell. At length in 1774 he made sale of it to Thomas Adams. of Augusta. At that tim e he was living in Fincastle County. His wife was Susanna, a sister of bis brothe r -i nlaw , Vlilliam Wallace, and his children, Adam, Michael, Peter, John, Andrew, Archibald, \Villiam, Sarah, the wife of a S hirke y, Susan, and Mary, the wife of George Davidson.

All the children except William emigra ted to Kentucky, and from there some went to Tennessee, and some to Missouri.

Adam, Peter and Andrew became BaptIst preachers. Archibald is mentioned in Hening's Statutes as a trustee of the the towns of Boonesboro and Milford, Ky., and in that State he died in 1838, at the age of eighty路 nine. Will iam remai ned in Albemarle. He li ved on Beaver C reek, about a mile north of Crozet; on this account, as there were two other \Villiam \Voodses contemporaneous, he was commonly known as Beaver Creek Billy. In many respects be was a rema rkable man, in bis sphere somewhat of a born ruler, of fine sense, and great decision. Many amusing stories have been told of his management of men and things, particularly of his foste ri ng care over Mountain Plains Church. He died in 1836, ninety-two years of age. He was married three times, first to bis cousin Sarah Wallace, next to his co u sin Ann Reid, and thirdly to Mrs. Nancy Richardson. He had one son .

William, who married Mary, daughter of William Jarman, and died in 1829. Their children were James, who lived on Beaver Creek, married Ann Jones, of Bedford, and d ied in 1868, William, who lived near Crozet, married Nancy, the daughter of John Jones, and died in 1850, Peter A., who was -23

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

a merchant in Charlottesvi lle and R ich mond, married Twymonia \Vayt, and afterwards Mrs. Mary Poage Bourland, of Augusta, and died in 1870, Thomas D., who married Miss Hagan , lived near Pedlar Mills in Amherst, and died in 1894. and Sarah J., the wife of Jesse P. Key. According to credible evidence, Michae l 'Woods and his wife Mary Campbell had two sons and two daughte rs in addit ion to those just mentioned, Michael , Andrew, Magdalen and Martha. Michael lived southwest of I vy Depot ti ll 1773, when with hi s wife Ann h e removed to a plantat ion in Botetourt' on the south side of James River . a few miles below Buchanan. He died in 1777, leaving eleven chi ldre n , limong whom were Samue l, from whom descended Rev. Neander M. Woods. of Memphis, and Rev. William H. Woods. of Baltimore, and William. William remained in Albemarle, and became a Baptist minister, on which account he was known as Baptist Billy. His home was also southwest of I vy. He represented the coun t y in the Hou se of Delegates in 1799, and in 1810 removed to Liv ingsto n County, K entuck y, where he died in 1819. His wife was Joan,na, daughter of Christopher Shepherd , and his .chi ld ren Micajah. David, Mary, J ohn , and Susan, the wife of Henry Williams. Micajah res ided in Albemarle, was appointed a magist rate in 1816, served as Sheriff in 1836, and whi le filling that office died a t h is co untry seat near Ivy in 1837. He was twice married. first to Lucy Walker, and second ly to Sara h , daughter of John Rodes, and widow of \Villiam Davenport. H is c h ildre n by the first marriage were Martha, the wife of J ohn Wilson, Mary, the wife of James Garth, Elizabeth, the wife of John Humphreys , and Henry, who died young, and by the secon d William S . , who died unmarried, and Dr. John R., sti ll pleasa ntly remembered in the comm unity.

Andrew lived at the foot of th e Blue Ridge near Greenwood Depot. a few hundred yards south of the b ri ck mansion, long the home of Michae l \Vallace's family. He owned nearly five hundred ac res in that vici n ity, and nearly nine hundred at the foot of Armor's Mountain. H e sold hi s property in 1765, and removed to Botetourt. H e was one of the

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

355

first magistrates of that county , and was appointed its Sher· iff in 1777. His home was about nine miles south of Buch · anan, not far from the Mill Creek Church. He died ill 178l.

His wife was Martha, daughter of Robert Poage, of Augusta, and his chi ldren James , who lived and died in Montgomery County, on the north fork of Roanoke , and whose desce nd· ants removed to Nashville, Tenn., Robert, Andrew, Ar· cbibald, who all removed to the vicinity of Wheeling in Ohio County, Elizabeth, the wife of David Cloyd, of Rockbridge, Rebecca, the wife of Isaac Kelly, of Bedford, Mary, the wife of James Poage, who removed to Mason County, Kentucky, and then to Ripley, Ohio, and Martha, the wife of Henry Walker, of Botetourt. Archibald married his cousin Ann, ' daughter of Thomas Poage, of Augusta, represented Ohio County in the House of Delegates, and the Constitutional Convention of 1788, and when he died in 1846, had been for many years the senior magistrate of that county. The writer of these notes is his grandson.

Magdalen Woods was married successively to John Mc· Dowell, Benjamin Burden Jr., and John Bowyer. She is said to have lived to the age of one hundred and four years. Her children were Samuel , James, and Sarah McDowell, the latter the wife of George Moffett. and Martha Burden, the wife of Benjamin Hawkins. Martha Woods was the wife of Peter Wallace.

Another branch of the Woodses, though beyond question of the same stock, came to the county a few years later.

James , Samuel and Richard Woods were most probably brothers. James first ap pears in 1749, when he patented two hundred acres on Stockton's Creek. He lived on the north fork of Rockfish, and at his house the District Committee met in 1775 to devise measures in furtherance of the Revolution. Samuel lived in the same section. He was one of the original purchasers of lots in Charlottesville. He died in 1784. His children were Barbara. the wife of George Martin, Margaret, the wife of Richard Netherland , who removed to Sullivan County , Tennessee, John B., Mary, the wife of Benjamin Harris, Jane, the wife of J oseph Montgom•

•

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

ery, and Elizabeth, the wife of \VilIiam B. Harris. Richard lived north of Taylor's Gap, on the road from D. S. to Rockfish Gap by way of the Miller School, a road which be is said to have laid out, and which is still called by h is n ame .

He dealt largely in real estate both in Charlottesv ille and the county. He was twice married, first to Margaret ,a nd secondly to Eliza Ann. a sister of Colonel John S tu art, of Greenbrier. His chi ldren were William, George Matthews, Richard, and E lizabeth, th e wife of James Brooks. He died in 1801. William succeeded h is father at the homes tead near Taylor 's Ga p. He was the County Surveyor from 1796 to 1828, whence he was generally known as Surveyor Billy.

He was appointed a m agis trate in 1816 , succeeded Micaja h \Voods in the Sheriffalty, and was a ruling elder in Mountain Plains Church. He and hi s brother George gave much atte ntion to improving the breed of horses, bringing to the county a number of sires from the stud of John R andolph of Roanoke. Hi s wife was Elizabet h, daughter of Jacob Wa rwi ck , of Bath, but he died without chi ldren in 1850. George lived on the opposite side of the road from his brothe r , filled for many years the office of Commissioner of the Revenue for St. Anne's, and died in 1847. H e married Jane, daughter of Sampson Matthews, of Bath, and his children were John, Sampson L., William, Andrew, J. Warwick, George, Mary, the wife of Tillotson Janney, and Martha, the wife of Dr. Day. The daughte r!" and their husbands removed to Lewis County. Richard was deputy S urveyor under his broth e r, and died unmarried in 1822. Hi s pla ce was near the Miller School, and is now in the possession of Thomas G. Michie.

WOODSON.

In 1769 Tuck er \Voodson became the deputy Clerk of Albemarle. He was the son of Tucke r Woodso n , of Goochland, and his wife Sarah Hughes. H e married Elizabeth, daughter of John Moore, and his home was on th e land just north and west of Charlottesville, g iven to bis wife by her father. He died in 1779; and in 1782 his widow became the wife of Major Joseph Crockett, a n officer of the Revolution~

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

357

ary army, who soon after rClU 3ved to Kentucky. Tucker Woodson left two sons, Tucker Moore and Samuel Hughes.

Tucker ~1. about the beginning of the century purchased a considerable amount of real estate in town and county, among other places the plantation of Viewmont, which in 1803 he sold to Captain John Harris. The next year he removed to Kentucky. His wife was Martha Eppes, daughter of Charles Hudson. Samuel bad emigrated to Kentucky some years before. He received from his mother her land adjoining Charlottesville, and part of it he sold to Charles Jouett in 1799, and the remainder to Alexander Garrett in 1808. He hecame Clerk of Jessamine County, Kentucky. and in 1821 represented his district in Congress.

In 1769 John Woodson, of Goochland, most probably a balf-brother of Tucker, bought land on the head waters of Ivy Creek. He departed this li fe in 1779. His wife's name was Elizabeth, and his children were Tarleton, Susan, the wife of Micajah Wheeler, and Sarah, the wife of John Everett.

Tarleton is believed to have married Annis, daughter of Aug-ustine Shepherd, and his children were Tarleton, Augustine and Prior. Prior married Josephine Abell, and was the father of John, who recently died on or near the same land bis ancestor bad purchased more than a century and a quarter before.

In later years, about 1835, Thomas \Voodson ..:ame to Charlottesville from Goocbland . He was for many years one of the teachers of the town, and a ruling elder in the Presbyterian Church. He died in 1862. He was twice married, first to a si~ter of James C. Halsall, a member of the Albemarle bar. and secondly to Clarissa, daughter of D. Ferrell Carr, His daughter Mary became the wife of Charles C. Preston, of Southwest Virginia .

YANCEY,

Jeremiah Yancey was the first of the name who settled in Albemarle. He purchased lann. on Moorman's River in 1765, and during the next few years patented several small tracts on Buck's Elbow . He died in 1789. His wife's name

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H I STORY OF ALBEMARLE

w as Margaret, a n d hi s ch ild ren were Robe rt , C ha rl es, Mary , t he wife of Dav id Rode s , E lizabeth , th e wife o f John W ood, Jechoni as and J oel. J echonias married Mi ld red, a sis ter of J esse \Vood, Cn ll , was appointed a magist rat e in 1807, a nd d ied in 1820. Hi s ch ildre n were Jerem iah , a soldie r o f the United St ates army, who died in 1828, \Villiam , C harles , David, Martha and Joel. Joel , the b r ot her of J echonias, married Martha , daughter of David Rodes . a n d in 18 11 removed to Barren Couut y, Ke nt ucky .

Charles Ya ncey, who was a promi nent m a n in the early part o f the ce nt ury , wa s the s on of Rohe rt V ancey , of Buck in g h a m. An e nerge tic ma n of business, h e cond uct ed a t avern , s to re, mi ll and distill ery at what w as aft er wa rds May ' s, and st ill later Cocke ' s , T avern . Th is was orig in a lly the location of t he postoffice ca lled Ya ncey' s Mi ll s, a nd though t ra ns ferred to the more im porta nt centre of Hill sboro, the old name is ret ai ned . M r. Yance y was ap poi nted a magistrat e in 1796 , beca me Colonel of th e F o rt y-Seventh R eg im ent in 1806 , a n d served as S heriff in 182 1. H e was twice married , firs t t o Sa rah , dau g hter o f R obert Fi eld , a nd secondly to J ane Alexa nder. H is ch ild re n b y the fir s t m a r riage wer e Jerem ia h . J oel , Ch a rles a nd Robert, a nd by the seco nd J ech onias, Sa r ah , th e w ife of J . W . R all s , Alexa nder K . and J ane . J eremi a h m a rried Sarah, d a ug hter o f Clai b orne R othwell. H e a nd h is brother J oe l bu ilt the m ill on Li cking h ole nea r C rozet about 182 0 , a nd sold it in 1822 to Ph ilip S. Ple asa nts. A lexander K . mar r ied Sarah . daug hter of Co l. Joh n S . F a rra r , transacted bu si ness a s a m er ch a nt in Hi ll s boro, a nd died in 1889.

YE R GA I N .

Joh n Ye rg a in ca me t o the county in the latter par t of th e las t century, proba bly from Tidew ater Virgi ni a. He was a res ide nt o f Ch arl ottes vi lle in 1796, a nd in tha t yea r obtained a lice nse for kee pin g a n o rd in ary . H e s u bsequentl y bo ug ht one of the h ou ses that a re s ituated to the eas t of the Fa ri s h H ou se , and there for ma ny years kept a s tore, chiefly fo r t he sa le of liqu or. H e n ever m a rried. a nd lived alone.

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

359

Hard and parsimonious, he hoarded his earnings, and was reputed to be rich; and this impression was strengthened by his mode of living, and the jealous care he took in his latter years to barricade his door against all who approached.

A report prevailed that he had a large amount of specie buried in his cellar. Altogether from his peculiar habits, his solitary life, and the rumors of his hidden wealth, he was an object of great curiosity in the community. He died in 1837. The reports of bis concealed treasure were verified after ~is death. but its amount fell far short of the general supposition. A relative named William Lee appeared from New Kent, and administered on his estate.

HEBREWS.

The people destined to be "wanderers among the nations," have been represented in Albemarle from the earliest times.

In 1757 Michael Israel patented eighty acres iu North Garden near Stockton'S Thoroughfare, which he and his wife Sarah sold in 1770 to William \Villiams, of Goochland. It will be seen he was one of the Border Rangers. In 1772 he purchased more than three hundred acres on Mechum's River in the same section. which he sold in 1779. Solomon I srael, a brother or son, bought in the same neighborhood in 1764.

Eleanor, a daughter of Solomon, was the wife of J ohn Wood. and in 1783 Solomon gave his land to his grandson, Solomon \Vood. \Vhether the Israels died in the county, or removed elsewhere, is not known, but their name has beeu left as a permanent memorial. The conspicuous pass through the mountains between North Garden and Batesville , is no longer Stockton's Thoroughfare, but Israel ' s Gap. Isaiah Isaacs died in Charlottesville in 1806, leaving six chi ldren. Frances. Isaiah, Henrietta, David, Martha and Hays. They for the most part removed to Richmond.

David remained in Charlottesville, was one of its merchants in the decade of 1820, was the owner of a nnmber of lots on Main Street, and died in 1837. One of his sisters was a milliner of the place at the same date. Jacob aud Raphael were also J ewish merchants in Charlottesville at that period,

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

and besides their business there, they at the same time conducted s tores at Stony Point and Port Republic.

ITALIANS AND FRENC H.

In early times a number of persons came to the county from Italy and France. They were induced to this step by the influence of Mr. J efferson , who in his comprehensive views of things sought to promote in this country the c ultivation of the v ine. Foremost among them was Dr. Philip Maz ze i. He sett led here in 1774, and to be a neighbor of Mr. Jefferson fixed his residence at Colle. H e was warmly interes ted in th e American cause during the Revolution, and t o promote its interests we nt back to Europe in 1779. He visited this cou ntry again in 17 85 , pre sumab ly to dispose of bi s property, but soo n returned pe rman e ntly to his former home , where he died in 181 6.

About the same time came tbe fami ly of Gianniny, descendant s of which are sti l: living in tb e county. In 1784 Anthony Gianniny bought land on Bnck Isl a nd Creek. 路 In 1792 he petitioned fo r li bert y to build a mill on tbat strea m. One of the sa me name. no doubt a son, became a Baptist minist er. and wa s licensed to celebrate the rites of matrimony in 1807 , A Nicholas Gianniny wa s one of bis sureties.

Petet Plumard de Rieux bought a hundred and fifty acres so uth of Miltou , which in 1790 he so ld to Anthony Mullins, and wh ich afte rw ards became a part of Mr. Monroe's estate.

He the n purc ha sed a house and aile hundred and thirty acres On the we st side of Chari9ttesville, which ip 1795 he conveyed to Col onel Thomas Bell to pay hi s debts. His daughter Sarah wa s bound in 1801 to Mrs. Sa muel Taliaferro. Claude de La Cour died in the county in 17 89. Hi s will written in Fre nch is on r ecord. III 1809 Charles Elvy Bezet was the owner of a parcel of ground 'Nes t of Charlottesville, extending from the Staunton to the Barracks Road, There appear al s o the names of De Prado, Colecassieu, La Porte and Modena. In 1820 Francis Modena, who was a carriage maker by tra de , became the owner of Lot Forty on Main

HISTORY OF ALBr; MARLJ!

361

Street, which he and his wife Mary subsequently sold to Dabney Minor.

In later times D'Alpbonsecame lothe cou nty as In structo r in Gymnastics at the University. He purchased th e tract of land which is still known to the older citizens as D' Alphonse's Garden. It lies in the southwest angle of the intersection of the Whitehall Road and the Southern Railroad. During his residence he was popular among the students. When the war broke out, he went North and joined tbe Federal army.

He came back to Charlottesville with Sheridan as a Captain of cavalry. When hostilit ies were past he returned, proposing to occupy bis old place at the University; but the countenances of students and people were turned on him so coldly, that be shook off the dust of his feet, and quit Virginia in disgust.

Another distingu ished foreigner was co nnected with Albemarle. Thaddeus Kosciusko, the illu strious Pole. who performed so gallant a part in the war Jf the Revolution, made his will while in this country. On returning to Europe. be left it with Mr. J efferson, whom be had appointed his executor. \Vben Mr. J efferson heard of his death in 1817, be had it recorded in tbe offi ce of the Albemarle Circuit Court, where the original document remained on file until May , 1875. At that time. in respcnse to a resolution of the General Assem bly, the Court ordered it to be transmitted to th e Sec retary of the Commonwealth. to be depos ited for preservation in the State Library . â&#x20AC;˘

362

H ISTQRY OF ALBEMARLE

APPENDIX, No. I.

The original of the followiug Call w a s found b y Mr. Nicholas Black in looking avc; the p apers of his ullcle, the late Thomas Black.

It was published in the Charlottesville Chronicle of March 21 st, 1879,

Ivy CREEK, MARCH 29. 1747. \Vhereas it is agreed or proposed that yc I nhabita nts of Ivy Creek and yc MOllnta in Plain Congregation joyu together w ith yc Congregation of Rockfish, to ca11 a nd i n vite ye R everend Samuel lliack. n o w Residiug in ye b ounds of yc Rc\'c rClld Mr. J o hn Cra ig's Congregation, to be Ollr Minister ami Pa stor to ad m in ister ye ordinances o f ye Gospel antong' us: All we, whose names are hereunto a ffix ed , do pro mise and oblige ou rselves to pay yearly a nd ever,V yea r ye several sums annexed to o u r na mes, for ye outward support a nd Ill coura g ement o f ye said Mr. Samuel B lack durin g his abode and continuance alltong us, fo r ye one half o f h is L abo r in ye A dministration o f G os pel Ordina n ces to us in a n order ly way, according to ye Rules and Pract ice o f our Orthodox Refo rmed Presbyterian Church: as Witness our hands . ÂŁ s. D. ÂŁ s. o.

Michael "'oods 1 10 Sam ue l Jameson 1 00 William Woods J ohn L ockhart / 1 10 15 Archibald Woods H e ndry Burch 1 5 10 William Wallace 1 5 Thomas Alexander 10 Andrew \\'allace P at rick W oods 15 8 2 J oh n Woods Sr. 15 J ohn M cCulloc h 10 John Greer William Ogans 10 n 6 Thomas Lockhart ' " 'i lliam Chambe rlain 10 5 Peter HairstOTl Tho mas C raig 8 5 Adam Gaudylock 10 John Thom p son 5 Michael Woods Jr. 10 J o hn Corban 6 2 William M cCord 10 H e ndry Ca rr 5 2>~ J ohn Gamble 10 James " Teir 12 2 Davis Stockton 1 00 R obert McNeilly 6 2 lIu ~i1 Dobbins 10 John Dicky 6 1 David Lew is 5 William Norris 6 1 James Gamble 5 John Kinca id 5 Charles Lambert 5 John Woods Jr. 5 John Monday 5 J ohn Jallleso u 10 Thomas Evins 5 Benjamin Wh eele r Thomas Wl'ight Bucknall 5 William Little 10 J oh n Burri sse 5 Nathan Woods 10 3 Robert Stewart 5 2

./

,-

-'" ,

"T.

,-

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

£ s.

James Kincaid Andrew McWilliams George D awso n J oseph Kincaid ,) J ohn McCord Archibald Woods

£ s.

D.

William Whiteside 10 5 10 2 ~ William Bustard

5 1 00 1 00

2>~

Thomas \Vhiteside :M atthew Mullins Richard Stockton

D.

10 6 10

5 12

10

APPENDIX , No.2.

Albemarle Compa ny of Militia, lately ill actual service for the defence and protcction of the fro nti e r against the Indians, September, 1758. H e nin g's Statutes, VII, 203 .

J ames Nevill, Captain John \Voods, Lieut.

'William 'Woods, Lieut.

'W illi am Woods, Ensign David Martin, Ensign Andrew Greer, Sergeant Charles Wakefield, Sergeant William Martin, Sergeant Samuel Stockton 'rhomas Jameson' Hugh Alexander R obert P oage John 'Wallace Adam Gaudylock Michael Woods Jr. Bartholomew Ramsay H elJry Randolph William Stock ton Michael Israel James Kinkead Thomas Ha rbct Henry Brenton Joshua 'Woods Alexander Jameson Daniel Maupin John Maupin William Maupin Matthew Mullins •

Samuc l \Voods William Whites ide David Gass Abraham Howard ThomasG r ubbs ..... J ohn Cowan George Breckenridge William Poage William Wakefield Willia.~ C a rtie Charles H ughes Langdon D epriest Aaron H ughes J ohn Depriest ;> James Glenn ......

James Robertso n Charles Crawford J ohn Biggs John McAnally R obert Mc Who rter Richard Pryor James Martin Michae l Morrison James r-,'forrisoJl Adam Lackie Alexander McMulen Lawrence Smith Matthias Hughes

APPENDIX, No .3.

Extracts from memoranda connec ted with the Revolution, found among the papers of Dr. George Gilmer.

The following volunteers in the Independent Companies of Albe·

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HISTORY OF ALBEMA RL E

ma r lc COllllty bound themselves to the cIIsnillg Resolves by subscribing thereto: 1. Should they fail or fly back, they should be held u n worthy of

the rights o f f reemen, alld as inimical to the calise o f Amer ica .

2. Any onc elected as Captain, Lieutcll<lnt, or r';llsign, and rcfusiug to serve, shall pay. the first £25. the second £15, a n d the thi rd £ 10, f or the usc uf the Company.

3. To obey the officers by themselves elected, Ill u ster four times a year, provide gUll, shot-pOlich and powde r hor n, a n d appear 011 d u ty in hunting shirt.

'1/ ·Charles L e wi s, Captain

·George Gilmer, Lieut. *John Marks, Lient.

J ohn Han-ie, t.:;usign 'W illiam Simms, Sergean t *\Villiam Wood, Sergea n t ·William T. Lewis, Se rgeant -Johu Martin, Sergea n t *Fred Will. W ills, Corporal *Thomas ).Iart i u Jr., Corporal Patri ck Napie r , Corporal *David Allen. Corporal *John L,owry , Drummer *Edward Garland *John H enderson *Isaac \\'ood *Fal\"y Frazier Samuel Ca rr John Watkins l\1icajah Defoe John \"DOd David Dalton

Shadra c h Battles J. S. Loga n J. S. Lisle Will ia m F l in t R oge r Shackelford John Dickerson Edwa rd H ug h es S t ephen Hughes J. S. D ud ley J . S . Stephcnson Joh n Coles *Charles L. I...ewis *J ames Quarles Isaac Dav is Spcncer Norvell *Reuben L indsay Robert Ma r tin Jr. *\Villi'lln J ohnson· Jamcs Lcwis ILdward Carter T llfller Ric h a rdso n George Thompson

Those marked with an asterisk, marched to " ri ll iamsbll rg, 1"1 ay 2nd, li75, t o demand satisfaction of L ord D u n mo re forthe re m oval o f the powder.

The following marched to Williamsburg, J uly 11th, l i75 unde r Lieut. George Gilmer.

Matthew J o uett Rich a rd Harper William Flint Isham Lewis Richard Harvie Era smus Ball llennett Henc1er",on

Willi:\In Wood William L ewis William H enderson Thomas Strachan Joh n Martin, Sergea nt Isaac D av is Nelso n Thompso n

,

365

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

Micajah Lew is Charles L. Lewis Hastings :'-Iarks Richard Durrett Thomas MitcheJi Bernard Mills H udson Martin J ohu Henderson John Wood John "'ood Micajah Chiles Thomas'Valker ;rhomas Martin, Corporal.

•

A geclaration of Inde pe ndence, signed by c iti7.ens of Albemarle, April 21st, 1779, the original of which is prescn'ed in the rooms of the Virginia H istorical Soc iety in Ri chmond .

1

George Gilmer James Quarles 'Villiam L ew is Richard A ndcr.son Peter Marks James Bridgett J ohn Fielder George Norvell Nathaniel H aggard Henry Mullins Tucker ,,'OodSOIl Isaac Davis Samuel'l'aliafe r ro John D ay Micajah Chiles Richard H arper 'Villiam BartOIl 'J oh u Gree r Thomas J efferson John Harvie John Coles Jam es Marks J ohu Harris J ohn Jouett Nicholas L ewis Benjamin Harris S amuel D edman J a mes H opk ins C. Simms James K err 'Villiam H ays Edward Butler R. Davenport Jr. 'W illiam Irvi n , V. D. M. Jason Bowcock

James Reid B en jamin Lacy William T andy Sr. John Reid William H opki ns Clough Shclton Samuel "'oodson Thomas Ovcrton Thomas l\"lartin Jr. John Wilkin son Benjalllin Dod Wheeler P ete r Jackson Henry I·leard J ohn J onctt Jr. Isaac D avis Jr. Philip ).1 azzei George Saunders Richard Gaines William Bri scoe " 'illiam Carroll R obert Sharp Sr. Robert Sharp Jr. Joseph Lam b Joh n Bailey Roland H orsley Richard Han"ie A Icxander McKill7.ie R obe rt Thompson J r.

J ohn Kirby J ohn Black W illiam Pilson R obert Pilson James Epperson lohn L ott Ri c h ard Sharp •

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

HcnfY Shelton

James Millor Audc rson Bry a n J o hn Fitzpatrick John Stockton

J osiah Wood Whittle Flannagan

P e ter Ferguson Nathani el r.'l cAliis tcr 101111 H enderson Sr.

J oh n Lew is Sr. W . Lan g ford Peter Burrus J ohu Tandy

Richard Goodall Spe n ce r N on-ell Or1a lldo Jones

Stat. Morris William Michie Tho mas Cra ig J ohn l\kCuJloch Charles L. Lewis William J ohnson Zac h ariah Mills J o hn Thomas

Castleton Harper Sr. J ohn N ew comb Samuel Bing Richard Ca rte r J ohn Wingfield H enry H ooper Ni cholas Hamn er

J oseph Terrell Dan iel G oolsby Ric hard Davenport Charles Tucker William Hi tchcock H enry Copelan d Rich ard G oolsby

H iram GailiCs J ohn Prince

Castleton Harper Jr. Dan iel Cole man William Win gfield Wilham J..·ea kc l\lart i n JJ aggard

•

R obe rt Burrus Hellry Rlllldolph William McGhe~ ~ Samuel Karl' l.: • Samuel M cCord J oseph H ol t William L. Billg Be njamin J ordau J oh n H e uderson Jr. William Barksdale Tho mas Thorp James Wm. Crossth'1'ait R. Dixo ll T . Marshall Dau iel Coleman William Wingfield Christo pher Wingfield William L eake Martin Haggard Peter Ballou Thomas West \Villiam Ande rson J oseph Neilson \Villiam Colvard William F o ssett Edward Moore Charles L e wis Jr. David G. Mo sby Isham Lewis H e nry Ford \Vi llia lll S andridge William C h e nault Tho ma s Musick Samue l Huc kste ]} Jacob Oglesby J o hll Wood Thomas Coll ins Art hur G I'aham '1'holllas M or gau Charles H udson William J effers Ri cha rd Scott Bernis Brown Willia m Statham Stephen Hu ghes Jr. H orsley Goodman

•

•

367

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

,

Peter Ballou Thomas Fentress James McManus Samuel Rea Abraham Eades John Fentress William Sorrow William Fry Charles Goodman Michael Wallace Randolph Jeffe rson John Hall David Allen Ch rles Kerr Benjam1l1 Henderson Samuel Bowcock David Morris John Wallace Matthew Maury Mask Leake Robert Cobbs Thomas Gooch

Will ia m S.helton Littlcbury Sullivan ,~rilliam Karr "'illiam Ramsay David Nimlllo • William Reynolds Richard Watson ~hadrach R eynolds Dauiel Reynolds Francis Brown ing William Rannald Abraham Gollall William C leveland J ames Bird William Ballard Thomas Jameson George Manu Daniel Miller ' Francis H odge t 'rancis Taliaferro J ohn K irby James Woods

"r

•

AP PEND IX, No . 4 .

Albemarle S o ld iers of the Revolution.

OFF I CERS.

David Anderson, }>~nsigll, 9th Va. Nathaniel Anderso n . Lieut., 3rd Va. John Beck, mnsign. 9th Va. _ Samuel Bell , Ensign, Grayson's Reg. Thomas Bell, Capta in , Gist's Reg. Bezaleel Brown, Captain, State troops at Yorktown.

Henry Burke, Captain, State militia.

J ohn Burke, Captain, State militia.

May Button, Captain, State militia.

Peter Davie, Quartermaster, 14th Va. Samuel Eddins, Captain, 1st Cont. Artillery.

Edward Garland, Captaiu, 14th Va. Peter Garland, Captain, 6th Va._ Nathaniel Garland, Lieut., State militia.

William Gooch, L ieut., State militia.

William Grayson , Captai n , State milit ia .

John H arg is, Ensign, 13th Va. Benjamin H arris, Captain, State militia.

\

•

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HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

R o bert H arris. Captai n , State militia.

R e uben Hawkins, C a ptain, State militia :" \ViIliam H enderson, Captain, 9th Va. Reube n H e rndon, Lic ut., 7th Va. J oseph H olt, Lieut., 4th Va. Samuel H o pkin s , Lt. Co l., 10th Va., captu red at Charlt:sto n, S. C. Charl es Hudson , Quartermaster, 14 th Va. John H udson, Captain, State militia.

I saac Is rael, Captain. 8th Va. John J ameson, Lt. Col.. Dragoons /' Matthew Jouctt. CaptaitJ. R ob e rt J onctt, Captain. 7th V a. / 1 0h n K ey. En s ign, 8th Va. 'V M ask L e ake, Captain, S tate m ilit ia.

Charles L e w is. Colo nel, 1Uh Va. Nic holas Lewis . Capta in , State militia.

William L ewis, Lieut., Cont. r..,inc.

Reube n Linds ay, C~l., Sta te m ilitia.

Ri chard L indsay, Col. Gen., Lawso n 's Brigade.

Bernard Lipscomb, Captain , State militia.

Col. Mallory.

J o hn ;"'Iarks , Captain, Htll Va. Hudson Martin, I~ieut. , 9th Va. J ohn Nlartin, Captain , State militia.

A b raham Maury. Adjutant, 14th Va. David Meriwether, Li eut .• 14th Va., captured at Charleston.

Jam es Meriwether, Adj .. State militia.

Thomas :'Iteriwether, Ma jor, State militia.

P eter :\lino r, Capta in , 5th Va. Arch elaus :Moon, Lieut. , 14th Va. Jacob Moon, Paymas te r. 14th Va. • G eorge Nicholas, I.. t. Col., 11th Va. John Nichf,las, Lieut., 9th Va. W ilso n C . Ni ch o las , Co m. , 'Vashillgton's Guards.

L ipscomb N on'ell , [.ieu t .. 5th Va. Joh n Pipe r , Li eut. , State milit ia .

J a m es Quarles, Captain, State militia.

Robe rt R odes, Captai n , captured at Charleston.

Clou g h S h elton , Captai n , 10th Va., captured at Charleston.

'Villiam Simm s , Captain, 6th Va. L a rkin S 1I\ith, Captain, 4th Dragoo n s.

Geo rge Th ompso n . Li eu t. , State militia.

John 'l'hompsoll. Li e ut., 7th Va. Leon a rd Tho mpson , I.. ie llt., Stat e militia.

RogerTho ml)So n. Ca pta in , 2ud Va. Thomas Walker Jr., Captain, 9th Va.

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HISTORY OF ALDEMARLE

369

Captain Wan, probably Marr.

Daniel White, C aptain, State militia.

Tarleton \V0"?rlson, Sergeant, State militia.

PRIVATES.

J oh n Burton, disabled and pensio ned, J ohn Buster, died 1820, sel"ved against Indians, and In Revolution, Nathan Clausby, Grenadier, 1st Part isa n Legion .

James Craddock, died in the ser vice.

Charles Davis, Ist Li ght Dragoons, wounded and pensioued .

David Epperson, died in the serv ice.

John Fagg S r., died 1829, aged 92, Simpso n F oster, died in the service.

John Gillaspy , 9th Va., killed at Germantown.

Charles Goolsby, Corporal, 9th Va., captured at German town, and died in the service.

James Goolsby, 9th Va., c aptured at Germantown, and died in the ser vice.

John Goolsby, 9th Va., died in the service.

John Greening, 2nd Va, ,\ViUiam H ardin , killed at Ninety-Six. Bartlett Hawkin s, pensioned.

Ambrose Ho ward , 9th Va. Richard Marshal\, p e nsio n ed by Act of Assembly, P e ter Massie, 5th Va, Thomas Mitchell, Sergeant, Cont. army, died in the sen ¡ice.

James Old, died 1821. in battles of Quebec a n d L o ng Island. \Villiam Smith, died 1823, aged 95, served against Indians, and in Revolution.

John Snead, in Cont. army.

Kenn eth Souther lin, State militia.

Daniel Tilman, died 1820, served at 16 against Indian s, and in Revolut io n .

Applying for penSiOnSl111der Actof Congress passed in 18t8 .

F.NT.IS'rRO 1:"0 AJ.IlKMART,It.

William Bailey, in Capt. Th o mas Walker' s Co., 9th Va., in battles of Bru nswick and Saratoga, discharged iu Pa. Joseph Brockman, in Capt. Liudman's Co., Col. Davies's R eg .â&#x20AC;˘ in no battle, discharged in P owhatan. ,\Villiam Eastin , in Capt. Reuben Taylor's Co., Col. Moses Hazen's Reg., ill battles of Staten Island, Brandywine and Germantowc, discharged at ~rorrist own, N. J. Nehemiah Greening, iu Capt. Stribling's Co. , Buford's Reg., at F'or t

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370

HIST OR Y O F AL BE MARLE

Motte, Ninety-Six a n d Eutaw Springs , d isch arged at S al isbury, N. C. Edward H ughes. i n C a pt. John Mark's Co. , 1st Va., )11 b a ttles of Brandywine, Genna ntow n a n d Gllilfol'd C. H. Thomas J oh n son, i n Capt. Roger '1'h011lP501 1'S Co " 2nd Va. , i n 110 battle, discharged at L.ong Isla n el, H olsto n R ive r.

John J ones. in Capt. ""instOIl's Co. , Col. Charles L ewis's R eg ., in battles of Brandywine, Germantown, and ~'IO ll!nou t h, d isch arged at Middlebrook. N. J. Sab r it King. ill Capt. Robert Jouctt's Co. , 7t h V a ., in battl e of M o nmouth.

Martin )Iooncy, in Capt. I;'olltainc's Co., 14th Va., a nd Capt. 'VIU. L ewis's Co" Col. Cleveland's Reg .. ill battles of L Ollg Bridge , King's M ountain a ud N in ety-Six .

Richard Mooney, in Capt . J olm Mark's Co ., 1st Va. , in bat ties of Guilford C. H., Camden, Ni n c ty-Six a n d ~u ta w S p ri n gs, d ischa l'gcd at Salisbury, N . C. Samucl Munda y, in Capt. \ \'m . Simms's Co., Col. Grecn's R eg., a t Guilford C. H ., Camdcn, Nillcty·Six and Eutaw Springs, discharged at Salisbury, N. C. Enlis ted ill othe r plilces, bllt resi dents of Albemarle after t h c w a r.

H umphrey B eckett, ill Frederick Com Ity, Ca pt. P orterfield 's Co ., 11th Va .. in battles of Som c rsct, AllIboy a nd Monmo u th, d ischarged in Fredc ri ck.

Thomas Burton, in Hanover Cou nt y, Ca p t. H u rd's Co . , Bu ford 's R eg. , in no battle, discharged ill F'lu vanna.

Youen C a rde n , in C u m b e rla nd Cou n ty , under Lt. Beuj. Garre tt . Ca pt.

B aylor's Ca valry, a mi twell ty Illo n ths u nde r Col. \Va sh iugtoll , di scharged a t Ch a rleston, S. C. John Grinstead, in H anover County, Cap t. \\'oodso n 's Co ., Col. P osey 's Reg., at Sa \' a nna h an d Y ork t own , d isch a rged in C umberland County.

Sabrit H oy. in Culpeper Cou n ty, Ca pt . Ha rrison 's Co . , 2n d V a . , a t Cowpe n s, G uil fo rd C. H . ,Ca Illde n , N i Il ety-S i x il n d Eu ta IV Spring s, d ischarged at Salisb u ry, N. C .

'Vill iam Kirby, ill H a nover Cou n ty , Capt. St r iblillg's Co., Buford' s • Reg., at Guilford C . H ., C a mden , N in et y -Six and Eu t aw Springs , dischargcd at Salisbury, N. C. I saac Milliway , at Dovc r, D el., Ca pt. :M cCa nn on's C o ., Col. \"aughan 's R eg .. a t Guil ford C. H ., C a m d e n , E u taw Sprin gs, where he was scvcrly woun d ed, disc h argcd at Do ver.

George Nor vell, ill Capt. Rich ard C. Ande rsou 's Co . , 5th Va .. a t Brandywille. G erma ntown a n d Y o rkto wn , d isch arged a t 'Vest P o int.

•

•

H I STORY OF A L BEMARLE

37 1

Joseph Shepherd, at Fredericksburg, in Capt. J ohn Wallace's Co., 3rd Va. Cephas Shickett, i ll Capt. J oh n Stuart's Co., 1st Maryland, at Brandy路 win e and Germantown, discharged at Annapolis.

John \VI11. Shu be, in Phrradelphia, in Pulaski's Corps, at Savallllah, Camden, Mount Scoota, and Jam es Island, discharged at Smith路 field, Va. John Smith, in P e nllsylvania Artillery, Capt . Proctor, at Trenton, with Gen. Clark down the Ohio in 178 1, and o lle year with Gen. Hann:} r, discharged at Fort Pitt. \Villiam Turner, ill Capt. Fran c is 'I'aylor's Co ., 2nd Va., at GermantOWII and Stony P oi nt.

John Will iam s. in Brunswick County, Capt. John Overton's Co., 10th Va., at Guilford C. H., Eutaw Springs, and Yorktowll, discharged at Williamsburg.

PRIVATES IX STATE "III,ITIA.

Samuel Barksdale )'ficajah Bowen William B oyd Gideon Carr ~ .

MeekIns Carr Johu Collius Major Dowell James Dunn George Gentry James Gentry Sharod G o ing J ohn Hall Nathan Hall George Hardin W ill iam Harri s Ri chard Hill Charles Huckstep Richard Johnson

\Yilliam J orda n Adam K eblinger Samuel McCord Cornelill~ Maupin Dani ci Maupin William l\'1aupill J onathan :Mullday , at Yorktown Ephraim Seamonds Richard Snow, at Y o rktown Ri chard Spinner J ohn Spradling David Strange, at Yorktown J ohn 'faylor Nathaniel Thacker Absalom Thomas John'l'homas Roger 'l'hompson, at YorktO\YD Micajah Wheeler John'Vood.

372

HISTORY OF ALBEMARI;H

APPENDIX, No.5.

M ilit ary Organization of the County.

It may be of interest to mallY to be i nformed in regard to the military fo rce of the county, the bodies of which it was composed, and their officers, during the pe riod extending fro m 1794 to 1802.

F orly-Seve'l/h Regiment, 50ulh of the TIIYU Notched R oad.

C%nds.

WilsOll C. Nicholas

Samuel Murrell

1 ST B ATTA I,ION.

Afajors.

Samuel Murrell

James L ew is

1 ST CO;\II'ANV.

Caplaill.

Benj. Lacy Edward Garland Joseph Wingfield

Licut. 'rhos. Hamner Mart. Davenport Charles L acy

EII5':1[1I.

Mart. Davenport Edward Garland

Stephen Lacy Joseph Wingfield

Francis Win g field 2 NO CO;\IPANV.

Cornelius Sche nk

Christ opher Wingfield R. H. Allen ':(ho mas Ca rr Jr. T homas Ca rr Jr. 101111 1'. H awk in s C h a rles J o uett Thomas Wells Jr.

-

3RD COMPA N Y .

'Will iam L eake Walter Leake

Walter L eake George Wharton

j

W alter Coles George Wharton Edward Tho mas Samuel L eake

4TU COMP ANY.

William Tompkins William H opkins J ohn Staples

Clifton Garland Samuel H o pkin s C h arles A. Scott William Moon Jr.

J ohn Scott Jr. Samuel H opkins Turn er Moo n W illiam Moon Jr. William Hamner -/

I.ICUT INIIAN T R\'.

Samuel Shelton Richard P olla rd J ohn S. Farrar

L ewis Nicholas William Davenpo rt John S. Farrar 'Valter Lacy

James Min g Joseph Bishop J oseph Cole man N . A. Thompson

373

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE C.\\,."'I,NV.

S a muel Carr

Thomas Di ve rs

George Gilme r Cornet Dabney Minor

2 ND BA TTA I.ION .

ftfajors.

John J ordon

Edward Garland

1 ST COll P AN \ '.

Captail1.

Geor ge Mart in William Whartou

Lieut.

William Wharton A braham Martin J ames \Vatson

Ensign.

Schuyler Harris / Bez. Maxwell J r.

Thomas K ey ...--

2ND CO"IPAN V.

Menan Mills William Wood Jr.

Fraucis Montgomery William Wood Jr. John F"ield

J oh n Piper Cli ftOIl Rodes Jesse Wood Jr.

J RD COMPANY.

J ames Br ooks Charles Yancey

-- Rice Garland Michael Woods Jechonias Yancey

Michael Woods Charles Y a n cey Ephra im Musick

4TH COMI'ANV.

James Lew is Micajah Woods

Tarleton Woodson Benj. Buster

Richard!H arrison Micajah Woods Tipton Lewis

LIG8T INFANTltV.

Howell L ewis Robert Garland

Robert Garlaud ./ William Woods

:R.

John K err William Woods Johu Gilliam John P. \Vatsoll

LIGHT nORSE.

Clifton Garland Charles Hudson

J ohn Clarkson Walter Coles

\Veatherston Shelton Cornet

Eighty-Eighth Regiment, JVortll of tlte Three N otclted Noad.

Colollels.

Thomas Bell

Francis Walker

1 ST BA'M'AI,ION.

ftlajors.

R obert J ouett James S imm s Fra ncis Walker Robert Warner L ewis

374

HISTORY OF A L BEM ARLE 1 ST CO)I!'A!,;\'.

Cn/Jlaill.

James Simms

Achilles Do ~glass Samuel B rockman

Ellsign.

Lieuf.

Achilles Douglass Sa m uel Brockma n Ambrose Brockm a n J ohn Doug-lass

Samncl Brockmau W illiam Si mm s Jr. A mbrose Brockman J ohn Dougla ss

W illiam Smi th 2~1) CO)II'ANV.

Micajah Carr

Micajah Carr Drury Wood

Drury Wood

10hn Sandridge

J oshua Key

Drllry Wood George Gi lmer J ohn Sandridge Thom as T ravill ia u

3wI) CO;\II'A:O<V.

n.

"'m. D. Meriwether

Charlc~

Charles B. H unton James B. Lindsay

J ames B. Limlsay

l-I unto l1

T homas HUlltOIl

J ohn Rogers Ja m es G. Wad de ll T homas H nn ton Ma tthew Mau ry

4TlI COMI"A=--V.

Edward Moore David Allderwn

" 'il1iillll Crenshaw - J ohn Hendersou K emp Catlett

1 0 1111 Hende rSOll David Ander son K emp Catlett George W . Catl ett

I.IGIiT INFANTNV.

Franc is \Valkcr Da\·id Clarkson Nimrod Bra m ham

David C larkSOIl 'Will iam W irt Nimrod Bram h alll Madison il,'ccdlove George Martin

T homas \ Valkc r J r.

R obcr t W. L ew is L udlow Bramha m 1\1 a d isoll Breed love George r.l artin R cuben H e r miOTl

H I 1>1,1( "" F.!'; •

Thomas S. Bus ter

Reuben Lewis

Ga r land Browll

2ND nA'l'TA I.I ON.

Hc n ry Burkc

l1!ajors .

John Wood H orsley Goodman 1 ST CO:\'I'ANV.

CaP/airl.

Wyatt Mills Parmcn<lS Rogcrs

Li~/il.

'l'h o mas Fret well Parlllcllas Rogers Edmund Davis

Ensi,{[II .

P arme ua s R ogc rs Matthcw P. Walton

2ND c.:O:\II'ANV.

John Wood David Wood

David Wood John. Creushaw Thomas ,,'ood

D avid M ichi e J oseph Edm ondson

HISTO R Y OF A L BEMA R LE

375

31(D CO MI'ANY .

W illiam Jarman B r ightberry Brown

Brightberry Brown John Rodes Jr.

John Rodes Jr. Robert '1'. Brown Jamcs H arris Charles Brown

4TII CO)II'AN \ ·.

Horsley Goodman 'l'homas Garth Jr.

Thomas Garth Jr. Joseph Goodman

J oseph Goodman J oh n A . Michie Alexa nder Garrett

t,IGHT INFANTRY.

Matthew Rodes Elijah Garth

Elijah Garth Swauny F'crg uson William Thompsou LIGHT

Thos. 1\1. Randol ph

Nathau H arris Swalluy Ferg uson William Thom pson James Ballard

BOR S~.

Peter Carr

\Vill iam [.ove , Cornet

Robert J ouett, Col. Artillery, 2nd Divis ion

Subseque1lt Colonels.

FORTV·SEVENTH.

Colollels.

Licul. Colonel.;.

C harles Yan cey, 1806 John S. Farrar, 181S William Woods, S. 1817 Joseph CotTman, 1828 G eorge W. i{insolving, 18.30 David Hays , 18J:!

William H. Brow n. 1839 John H. 'l'imberlake. ISfO.

J ohn Coles George W. Kinso lving Michael JohnsOIl J oh n R. Jones

£IG R TV-I!IGBTl!.

Colonels.

•

Nimrod Bramham , 1806 'l' ho mas W. Wood, 1814 David Carr, 18:!8 James O. Carr, 1829 J ohn J. B o wcock, 1839

Lieut. Colonels.

J esse W. Garth Isaac Simms David Carr Thomas Durrett

APPENDI X, N o.6.

Li st of Coun t y Officers.

'1!a~;slrales.

1i45.

Joshua Fry Peter Jefferson

Charles [.ynch Joseph Thompson

376

H ISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

'l'homas Ballou Edwin Hickman

William Cabell, M. D. A lien H oward Jam es Daniel li46.

David r..路cw is J ohn Reid James Nc\'cll William H a r r is

Isaac Bates C harles LewisJr. Edmund Gray Samuel Jord a n Valentine Wood

John Anthony

Date of Appointmcllt Unk nown.

Isaac Davis J oh n Hunter J ohn Cobb Jesse Bu rtoll Roger T hom pson J ohn Cannon 'rhomas Napier \,; R obert Lewis Nicholas i\Icriwcthcr Tho mas Jefferson Will iam Lcigh John Lew is Hudso Ll ) '[artill

Acting ill 1;83.

J ohll Marks Ja m es Marks Benne tt Henderson J osh ua Fry David Rodes Reuben Lill dsa y Johll Piper William Hughes li enry Burke

Nich olas Lewis Gcorgc Gilmcr Clifto n Rodes James K e fr James Quarles Jam es Garlalld 10 hu K ey v J ohn H enderson

Jam es l\'linor

Michael Thomas 1;91 .

Tam!y Key \....-William D. j'.... leriweth er Wilson C. N ich olas Samuel Murre ll Jamcs SimlllS Tho mas DeJ1 Charles B. li unton Benjamin Harri s

Bczaleel Bro wl!

BeTnard Brown William Cla rk Thomas \V. L ewis Geo rge Di,fc rs 'fhomas Garth William Michie Rice Garland

1;94.

Cha rles Goodman Samuel Blac k

R obe rt Davis Charles Willl-:"fic id Jr. Edward r.loore William Wardlaw

J oshua Key F rancis Walker Deujamin Dro wn Thomas M. Randolph Thomas C. Fletcher

B ISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

1795.

Garland Carr 1796.

A chilles Do uglass Marshall Durre tt

C harles Ya ucey 1798.

James Monroe 1800.

John Watson Christo pher H udson

Ho well Lewis 1801.

David WOOtI William Walke r David A IIderson Edward Garland Nimrod Bramham

P eter Carr Charles A. Scott Walte r Coles J oel Harris I saac Miller 1806.

Dabney Minor Martin Dawson Samuel Carr Clifton Garland

Garrett " 'h ite James Lew is J o hu Staples 1807.

John R. K e rr John H arris James Harris James Old J ohn R odes Jr. Charles Everett

-

Clifto n R odes J echonias Ya ncey P arme nas Rogers David J. Lewis Johu A . Michie 1816.

Matthew R odes Mi cajah 路W oods J ohn Goss Willia m Woods, S. Thomas W, )laury William A . H arris John M. P e rry Thos. Eston Rando lph

Thomas \V. 'Vood Francis Carr John Irvin James Clark Charles Brown Joseph Coffman Ja mes Michie 1819.

Hug h Nelson William Moon Opie Norris Isaac Curd

Allen Dawson Thomas H . Brown Charles Cocke Robert Brook s

377

378

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLF.

Bcnjamiu Fi c klin

10hn R. JOlles

James Jarman

William H. Dyer 'I'homas J. Randolph

RichOl l'd Duke A ch illes Broadh ead

1824 .

Edmund Da\' is J o hn Pilson J olm B. H art

John T. H olma n :M ann Page..

1830.

H e nry "'hitc

William 13. Harris

L ew is T eel Gilly r..L r,ewis

Danie l M. Rail ey John \\', Gantt J ames Harris

J o hn M o rris

1831.

Jam es R. Watson

W illiam A. Bibb

1835.

C harl es Wingfield John Coles Carter J o lm D. Moon William S. Dabney J o hll A. G. Da"is

Chapman 'V. M a upin J oh n S. Cocke

Be;:alcel Brow l!

Ira B. Brown

Carter H. Harri so n 1838.

W. C . Nich olas Thomas Macon Thomas Garland Gabriel S. Harper William C. Adams William D. Hart

James Duke

Jame8 D. Watts J oh n J. B owcock Lilburn R. Railey Nimrod Bramham Jr. Johu S. Ni cholas

1838.

Johll L. 'rhollla s Dalli e l E. WatsOIl

M. L. Anderson John W. Goss M. L. Walker

William H. Harris 184 1.

George W. Spoo ner

Nicholas 1\'1. Page J o llII Tylel' Alo nzo Gooch J ames \\'. C oss

R obert H . Ca rte r l;' rankJin l\'lill or

Fran c is K. Nelson

lau.

John Cochran J o hll II. Timberlak e Alexander P. Abell

Matthew Bla ir

Thomas C . n oweu Thomas R. Dunn William "'. Gooch D. J. Hart sook

â&#x20AC;˘

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

379

18-1-6.

Benj. r. Ra n dolph Robert n. 1\10011 J oh II E. R oberts

Austin M. Appliug Marcu s Durrett James E. Chapma n

The following were recommended, but flot appointed, as the new Constitution, about t o go into effect, made the office elective.

1850.

Stokes Tun stall J ames Durrett W illiam W. Millor Samuel G. Burn ley Edwin B. Brown Carter H. Pa ge ATTON~";VS

li.j.5.

1N6.

1783. tHOI. 1811.

18 1'2.

1813.

1818.

James C. Carter Pau] H. Goodloe James f.". DllllU R. W. N. Noland J ohn T. Ralidolph FOR TI1F. COM).IO:-;wF.AI:rll.

Edmund Gray Gideon :'.1arr J ohn Walker Dabn ey Carr Joseph J. Mourne Wi ll iam E'. Gordo n Jesse W. Garth Jonath all Boucher Carr

1829. Valentine W. Sou thall 1852. W illiam J. Robertsou 1858. R . '1'. W. Duke

1865. Egbert R. Watson 1866. R. T. W. Duke 1869. William F. Worthingtoll 1870. R. T . W. Duke 1870. :'.Iicajah Woods SUF.R IFPS.

1'745.

17-1-7.

17-1-9.

1751.

1753.

1755.

1757.

1781.

1783.

178.5.

178 7.

1789.

1791 .

1793.

1795.

1797.

1799.

J oseph Tho mpson Edwiu Hick man Charles r.ynch Jame.; Daniel Sallluel J o rdan John Reid J ohu Hunter Nichola,> Lewis David Rodes John H elldcnvlIl James Quarle ..

Clifton Rodes John Mark s G eorge Gilm er Michael 'fhomas James Garland James Kerr J ohu Key William Hug-he,> Samuel Murrell

1807. Thomas Garth

1809. Tandy Key 1811. Rice Garlaud 1813. Charl es B. Hunton 18 15. Benjamin H arr is 1817. Robert Dav is 1819. Charles Win g field Jr. 1819. Marshall Durrett 182 1. Charles Yancey 1823. Achilles Donglass 1825. J ohn Watson 1828. William D . Me riwether 1830. Garrett White 1832. John Rodes 183-1-. Parm enaq Rogers 1836. l\licajah Woods 1837. William Woods, S. 1839. );' rallcis Carr I SU. Charle:i Brown 1843. Jame s Michie

380

HI STORY OF ALBEMARLE

1801. Wi\liam D. Meriwether 1803. William Mi chie 1805. Bezalcel Bro wn

1845.

1847.

1849.

1851.

B e njami n F'icklill Richard Duke Th omas H . Brown Charles Cocke

JAIl,ORS.

1792.

1801.

1806.

1810.

181l.

1828.

1832.

1S41.

1849.

Geo rg e Bruce Th omas We lls Triplett'!'. Estes Elijah Garth William \VatSOI1

J oel W. Brown William " ' atso l1 James A. \Vatson William SUlIlme rson

1851. 'Washington Chiles 1855. William C. WalstrutU 1856. Orange S. Petersoll 1859. Allen Bacon 1870. William C. Waist rum 187S. Allen B acon 1879. William G. Wright IB85. John G. Marti u

ATTORNI';'lS OF TIIH AI,BEMARf.F; BAR.

1745.

Clemen t R ead Thomas Prestwood Obadiah Marriott J o hn Harvie

Edmund Gra y Gideon Marr James Meredith

William Battersby

1783.

Robert J ouc tt J o hll Allen William McDowell J o hn Carr

John Walker Thomas Miller W. Sid ney C rawfor9 George N ich ol as J o hn Breckiuridge

V~ Rice K e rr

1791.

Joh n Shacke lford Joseph J . Mo n ro e David Bullock Alexa n der St u a rt R ichard Bruce

Ro be rt Ware Peacoc k William Wa ller H e lling P e te r Carr W a lte r L.eak e 179~.

Wi lli am W irt J a mes McCam pbell Fle min g P aY ll e

J am es Bilrbour Jr. Will iam C a bell 1796.

Jose ph Holt I rvin Aus tin L eake Matth ew Gooch J esse Wha rto n

Dabuey Carr R e u bell 'I'ho rn tOil Samuel L. Crawford 1798.

Charles J o uett

George P o indexter

â&#x20AC;˘

HISTORY OF AL BEMARLE

P hilip Gooch William Lee H a r ris David Michie

William Aylett Thomas Clark 1800.

James G. Waddell J oseph l<'ergusoll Freder ick H a r ris Richard C. Johnson Robert Michie D av id 'Watson Be ujamin Brown \Villia m Buck n er Francis J o hnso n P atrick Rose

William ,,'. I rvin William Clark Isaac A. Coles Tho mas \V. Maury Hug-h Nelson Philip P. Barbo ur • H udso n M. Garland Peachy R. Gilmer Edward C. Sta ll a rd Willia m White

•

18()6.

Robert A ndersou T ho mas T . J o nes T homas R. Whitlock John S. Wood Clifton Garland

Robert Ma llory Robert Garland J ames G a rland H enry T. Harris 1809.

W illiam F. Gor don J ames Crawford J esse \ VillstOIl Gar th J ohn S. Barbour Joh n N. Nicholas

Henry White J oh n M . Martin William Taylor J onathan B. Ca r r J ames Forbes John T imberlake 1813.

Garrett M. Qua rles Walte r L . Fontain e R ichard H . Field

Archibald Austin Valentine W. Southall Briscoe G. Baldwi n 1815.

•

William Kinney Thom as Clark

George Booke r J oh n L. Marye Charles Downing

181i.

Rice Garland Jr. Edward J. Magrude r

Augusti n e G. :r-.'1onroe Francis B. Dyer

1820.

Willi a m H . Meriwether Joseph M. Wh ite James Barbour James H . Simison

John Ormond David Irvin William C. Ri ves George Carr

38 1

382

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

John B. Spicce

Chapman Johnsoll Rice \\". '"ood Gral1clisoJl Moseley Franklin Sta llard J ohn Wilsoll Tho mas \V. Gilmer Geo rge M. PaYllc Daniel G. ~ ro rrc ll Edgar Macon

J oseph tllil1 s Jr.

William McCo rd Jr. ; Thomas C. Gordo n G eorge R ob e rtsou Thoma s G. Garth

William Kin gsley William R. )[iIl8 William W c rtc nbakcr

1825.

Chesley Ki.lI1 C)' P eyton Harrison

Calvin L. Perry Thomas J. B oyd James \V. Saunders

Hu gh P. Taylor

Robe rt S. Brooke Th omas J. Mi ch ie

Robert H . Caner Daniel Perrow B Cli jamin H. Magruder Wilso n M. C ary Nathaniel '\'olfe

Ale xander Clayton Nicholas P. 'l'ri s t Eston Stall ard Alexa IIde r Ri \'(:S lSJO,

John \\". C. Watson

S terling Cla iborllC Jam es P. H e llderSOIl BUl"\vell Garth J o hn C. R. Tayl or J oh n H. Gilmcr William H. Brockcnbrough John W. Stcvensou William ;\1. Ralldolph James L. Carr J o hn B. Mino r Thomas L. Prestoll

l.uci an MillOI' William B. Naptoll

Egbert R. Watso ll Thomas \\' ood

William D. Hart J ohn F o rbes 1r.

J o hn T. Craig Alexa nde r Moseley H ugh A. Ga rla nd P each y R. Grattall William Tompkins

1835.

James L. Gordou Hudson S. Garland 1 0hll Hi ll li' ranklin t.Enor William W. Millo r Oenj. J. Darne ille P e te r Ca rr

William O. :\Iaupin Hiram \V. Dawson She lton F. L eake Jam es C. I-Ial sall Auglls R. Blakey Allen B. 1\"lagruder

1840.

Thomas T. Hill G eorge W . Raudolph Stephen O. Sou thall

Will iam J. R obertson R. W. N. Nolaud Paul H. Good loe

â&#x20AC;˘

HISTORY OF AL BE MARLE

George ,,'. Trlleheart Smith P . Bankhead Eugeue Dayis

Dru ry Wood 'I' h omas '1'. Tutwiler J ohn R. Tuc ker 1845.

Alexander H . )Iich ie William :\1. Wade R oge r A . Pryor N. H .r-.-f assie St. George T ucker William '1'. McCarty James C. Southall

J. D. Imboden C lav ton C. H arris Fran c is " ' . Ri ves William C. Rives Jr. Reuben L. G o rdo n William J. Shelton Robert W. P oore J oh n L. Cochran

1850.

R. '1'. ' V. D uke William F. Gordon Jr. James D. Jones

S. V. Southall Burwell \V. Snead Wi lliam M. Morris 1&55.

J ohn B. Gilmer J ohn S. l\'losby \ViIli alll H. C rank John B. Peyton

Isaac A. 1'10011 George P. H ughes ),1. L . Randolph

1859.

Charles W ood 1865.

R. R. Prentis Joel Miller Th omas S. Mart in

Micajah Woods Ca m m Pa tterson Jam es G. Field 1870.

T. L . :\lichie J. W. f'itz J. R Wingfield J. M. :\1cBrydc Robert Sampson R. T. W. Duke Jr. S h elton F. L eak e Jr.

J ohn B. Moon "'Howe Y. P eyt on George P erkius L ouis T. Han ekel Bellnett Taylor W. E. Bibb Jefferson R. T aylor W. O. Fry 1875.

Th omas N. ?age 'V . H . Boaz Walter D. Dabney

R ober t H. Wood F' runk Gilmer George W. Morris

1880.

James Blakey Samuel B. \Voods James L. G ordo n

J. Samuel McCue Daniel H a rmon

1885.

William M . Lile C. D. Shackelford

Z. J. Blakey

r.

A . Mass ie

383

384

HISTORY O F ALBEMARLE

APPENDIX, No.7.

Represc ntati\' cs of Al bemarle in the House of Burgesses, and Legislature .

1748. C harles I.. y llc h

1755. P e te r Je fferso n 1756. P e te r J effer son, All e n Howard 1757. J o hn Nic holas, William Cabell 1758.

1759.

1761.

1765.

1767.

1768.

1769. l ifO.

J o hl! N ic h olas, William Cabell Alle n H oward , W illiam Cabell Jr. All e n H o ward, William Cabell Jr. J o hn Harde Thoma s \Va lker, Edward Carte r Tho mas Walker, Edward Carter Tho mas 路W alker, Edward C arter 'tho m as \Valker, T h omas Jefferson

1771. Tho m as Walker, Tho mas Jefferso n 1772. Th o mas J e fferson, John \Valkcr

1773. Thomas J e fferson. John Walke r lii4. Tho mas J e ffe rson, J ohn Walke r 1775. Thomas J e ffe rso n, J o hn Walker

1777.

1779.

1785.

1786.

1788.

1793.

1795.

17%.

1797.

1798.

1800. .

1805.

1806.

1808.

1809.

18 11.

1812.

18 14.

18 16.

18 18.

18 19 1820.

18 21.

1822.

1824 .

1825.

Tho mas J e ffe rso n, Charles L e wis Thomas J e ffe rson, George Gilmer W. C. Nic hola s , Edward Carter W. C. Ni ch olas, J os hua Fry G <:orge Nic h olas, Edward Carte r William Clark, Edward Moore ,\V. C. Nich olas, Edward Moo re W. C. Nicholas, Edward Moore W. C. Nicho las, Joseph 1 . Mon roe W . C . Nicholas, Francis Walker W. C . N ic h olas, Francis Walker Walter L e ake , W. W. H e nin g W . W. H ellin g, J oel Yallcey Hug h Ne lson, P e ter Carr Hu g h N elson, Ri ce Garland J a m es Mo n roe, T u cker Coles Nimrod Gra ntham C harles E ve re tt, Jesse W. Garth Tho m as 'V . Maury , Ch;lr:\es Yan cey Dabll ey Mino r , J esse W. Garth ~ amu c l Carr. Wi ll iam F'. Go rdon Willi a m F . Go rdon , Charles Everett C harl es Eve re tt , C harle s Cocke William F. G ordo n , William C. Rives William F. Gordon , T. M. Randolph William F. Go rdon , Rice W . Wood

SENATE.

William Cabell Will iam C abell J oseph Cab ell Nicholas Cabell Nicholas C a bell N icholas Cabell Nicholas Cabell Nicholas Cabell Nicholas Cabell Nicholas Cabell Nicholas Cabell Charles Yancey Will iam B. Hare W ill iam B. Hare William B. H a r e J Oi.eph C. C abell Joseph J oseph J o seph J o."-e ph J oseph J oseph J oseph J oseph Joseph

C. Cabell C. C abell C. C abell C. Cab ell C. Cabell C. C abell C. Ca bell C. Cabell C. C abell

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

1826, 1827.

1828.

1829.

1830.

1831.

1832.

1833.

William F, G ordon. Ri ce ,,', W ood J oseph C. Cabell W illiam F. Gordon, Charles Cocke Joseph C. Cabell W illiam F. Gordon, Charles Cocke J oseph C. Ca .....ell William F'. G o rdon, H ugh Nelson Joseph C. Cabell 'l'homa s W. Gilmer, Rice W . Wood William F. G ordon Thomas , V. G il mer , Rice 'V. ' Vood Charles Cocke Ri ce W. Wood, Thomas J. R andolph Charles Cocke Thomas J. Ran dolph, '1'. W. Gilmer Charles Cocke 1835. Tho mas J. R a lldolph, A lexander R ives Charles Cocke 1837. Th omasJ. R andolph, Alexand e r Rives Samuel Ca rr 1839. Thomas Gilmer, V. 'V. S ou thall Samuel Carr 1840. Thomas 'V. Gilme r, V. 'V. Southall C h arles Cocke 18路1.1. V. 'V. Southall, Isaac A. Coles Charles Cocke 1 8 ~2. V. W . Southall. Isaac A . Coles Charles Cocke 1843. '1'. J. Ra ndol ph , S h elton I" . f....eake Ch a rles Cocke 1844. V. W. Southall, B ezalee1 Brow n J ohn T hompson Jr. 1 8~5. V. W. South all , Bezalee l Browl!

J ohn 'rhompson Jf. 1846. V ,V. Southall, 13 ezaleel Brown J ohn Thom pso n Jr. 1847. Bezaleel B rowli. William D. Hart J ohn Thompson Jr. 1 8~8. William D . H a rt . g gbe rt R. Watson John Th ompson Jr. 1 8~9. William D. H a r t, E gbert R. Watson J ohn T hompso n J r.

1851. J ohn J. B owcock. Charles Carter J ohn Thompson Jf. 1853. Alexande r Rives Egbe rt R. Watsoll 1854. J ohn 'V. G oss, James 'V. l\'! ason Benj. F. Randolph 1855. John W. G oss Benj. F. Randolph Benj. 1..-' . Randol ph 1856. Tho mas W ood, Wi lliam T. 8arly 1857. Tho mas W ood, William T. Early Benj. F. Randolph 1858. ,John J. Bowcock, Be nj. H. Magruder Alex a n der Ri ves 1859. J ohn J. Bowcock, Bellj. H. Magruder Alexander Rives 1860. B e nj. H . Magruder, W illi am Garth Alexander Rives 1863. B euj. H. M agruder, F ranklin Min or William D. H art 18M. Benj. H . Magruder, William A. Branch W illiam D. Ha rt 1865. Benj, H. Magruder, William A. Branch William D. H art 1866. J ohn 'Vood Jr., \ Vi lJiam A. Tu ruer Jam es Galt lR67. Joh u Wood Jr. , William A . Turner James Galt 1868. Joh n Wood J r., Wi lliam A. Turner J ames Galt 1870-1. S. V . Southall. J. C. H ill, J. D. J Olles Robe rt C. Beazley 1872-3. J. C. H ill, G. B. Stephens, J. A . Early Robert C. Beazley 1874-5. Benj. H . Mag rude r, J oh n E . Mas- R ob e rt C. Beaz ley sey, Richard G. Crank 1876-7. J ohn E. )''Iassey, Ri cha rd G. Crauk, Rober t C. Beazley T homas M. Dunn J oh n E . :M assey 1878- 9. Richard G. C ra nK , T. L. . Michie, J. Massie Smith Everett T. I:;arly 1880 1. R. '1'. W. D uke, T. L. Michie J. R. Wingfield 1887--3. Thomas M. Dunn, J ohn B. Moon

"T,

- 25

385

•

385

HISTORY OF ALBEMA RLB

APPENDIX, No.8,

Emigrants from Albe marle to Other States.

NOH:Tl:l CAROl. I NA.

Samuel B ell, Orange Co.

Ale xande r Mo ntgo m e ry , Orange Co. John Wright , Orau g e Co .

John Campbell , Orau ge Co. Obadiah Martill. Oran ge C o.

J osiah and Martha (Danie l) Browll , Orange Co. lames G1CIIIl, Surry Co.

'Villiam Burrus, Surry Co. David N o wlin , Surry Co.

Samuel a nd J ohu Boyd , Surry Co. Ro bert Harris, Surry Co. ~

Tho mas Burrlls. Surry Co. 'Villiam Bruce , Surry Co. Davis and I;~li z abc th Durre tt, Surry Co. Samue l alld William Stockto n. Rutherfo rd Co. Ann (L e wi s ) Willis, Ruthe rford Co. David Lewis Jr., Ruthe rford Co .

Eli aud Danie l M elto n , Ruthe rfo rd Co.

William and Mary (Me lto n) Jone .. , Rutherford Co. William '1'. J-4c wi s . Wil k es Co .

J ohn Hantman, \Vilkes Co .

Rob~rt Ayres , Wilkes Co. Richard Blalock, Cumberland Co. J ohu Gee r, J o hn son Co. J o hn Graves, Ro wan Co .

Henry Till ey Tho mas Carlton Jose ph Phillips Churc hill J ackso n , Durke Co. Matthe w Mills . Guilford Co. Jesse Gentry, "'as hillgtoll Co. David and S usan Dalton, Stokes Co. Mica jah ami Eli zabe th Allell, S t okes Co. Rice Garland Jr., Leakes ville .

Nan cy (Dani e l) Gra\'es, Caswell Co. Samue l Daniel. G ranville Co. Tho mas D. Burch , Wake Co. Jam es K. Burch , Wake Co .

David S . Napier. Walke r Co. GEORGIA.

J ohn Tho rntol1, Augusta Co. James a nd John Marks, Wilkes Co.

•

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLB

Richard and Daniel Harvie, Wilkes Co. William and Judith (Cosby) H arvie, Wilkes Co. John and Margaret (H arvie) Davenport, \Vilkes Co. David and Mary (H arvie) Me r iwether, Wilkes Co. Richard and J ane (Lewis) Davenport, Wilkes Co. John a n d Mary (Da vidson) Forlaw, Washington Co. Fleming J orda n, Oglethorpe Co . 'ÂŁhomas Kennerly _ William Spears Mary Taylo r W i lliam B. a nd Mourning (Clark) Key. Elbert Co. John Hamn er , Wilkes Co. Jeremia h H amner, Greene Co. KENTUCKY.

Joh n and E lizabeth (Lewis) 1-."iartin, F a yette Co. John and Mary (Cabell) Breckinridge, F a yette Co. V in ce n t and Mary (R ozell) Stephens, Fayette Co. J ohn T. a nd Gucy Hawkins, Fayette Co. C h a rles and D or cas (Black) Patrick, F' ayette Co. Samuel Hughes \Voodso n, Jessamine Co. Nathan Dedmau , Jessamine Co. Michael and Ann \Vllllace, Madison Co. William Briscoe, Madison Co. Thomas Collins. Madi son Co. Eval] and Lucy (Colemau) \Vatson, Madison Co. Danie l alld Frallces i\Iaupill, Madison Co. l Robert Rodes, Madison Co. Rich a rd and Jane (Harris) Gentry, Madison Co. J osiah and Nancy (Mullins) Gentry, :M adison Co. Austin Gent ry, Madison Co. 8dward and Elizabeth (G e ntry) Ballard, Madison Co. Bernard Franklin, Madison Co. Henry and Elizabeth (Ewell) Carr. Madison Co. J ames Goodma n , Madison Co. John Man s field , Madison Co. Charles Atkisson, Madison Co. Samuel Wailace, Madison Co. Thomas and Nancy Kindred , Mad ison Co. William Ki ndred, Madison Co. Ephraim and W inifred Musi ck, Madi so n Co. Archibald a nd MOlirninK (Shelto n ) Woods, Madison Co. Richard and Elizabeth (Sh elton) Mobbery. Madison Co. Joshua Morris, Shelby Co. William and C h arity (Burgher) H ays, S hel b y Co. Jose p h Hornsby. Shelby Co.

-

I

387

388

l:IISTORY OF ALBEMAR L E

"Elizabeth (Lewis) H e nderso n's fami ly , Shelby Co. Flint H. Goodridge, Shelby Co. 'Barzillai Bro wn. Shelby Co. Nathallie l Haggard, Clark Co. Dabney alld Lucy H aggard, Clark Co.

Robert Gr\mcs, Cla rk Co. Hastings Mark s , C lark Co. J ohn W. and Eli;>;abeth (Marks ) Hinde, Cla r k Co. James and Benajah Gentry, Clark Co. C h arles and Jalle (L ew is) HudsOll, Barre n Co. Hardin Davis , B arre ll Co. Joel and Martha (Rodes) Yall cey, Barren Co. \Valter Crenshaw, Barre n Co. Elizabeth W. Watts, Barre n Co. Elijah a n d Ben jamin Davis, flaTre n Co. Jou;ltl1all and S usan ( W ood) B olling, Barren Co. W illiam J. and Elizabeth Wuod, Barrell Co. John aud E1i7.abcth (W ood ) C lack, Barren Co. B cnn ett H. HcudcrsOll, lJarrCIl Co. Clifto n and gli zabcth (J o ue tt ) Rodes, Barrell Co. Da\路id and Elilmbeth (Crenshaw) Watts, Barren Co. Samuel and Susan Murrell, Darre n Co. James aud Martha (Humphreys) Fos te r , Barr en Co. Cornelius aud Sarah Gilliam, Barren Co. James and Mary (Garla ll d ) " Toods, Garrard Co. Tho mas R o thwe ll, Garrard Co. George and Jane (Newcomb) Naylor, Garrard Co. Asa and Elizabe th (Naylor) Storms, Ga rra rd Co. Pleasa nt Sandridge, Green Co. J ohn and ~1ary (Wood) Sandridge, Green Co. P eter A. and Lucinda H all, Green Co. Garnett and Harri e t (S mith) Ingram, G r een Co. Thomas J. Smith. Green Co. Burton W. C arr, Green Co. James and Susau P age, Adai r Co. Robert a nd Maria Page, Acla ir Co. Samuel :Iud Mary (S mith ) Page, Ada ir Co. Sherod alld Mary (Page) Gr imn, Adair Co. Burgess and Jan e (Pag-c) Griffin, Adai r Co. John P . aud Elizabeth Smith, Adair Co. J oh n and Ma ry (Smith) Massie , Adair Co. Johl1 a nd R ebecca T e rrell, Greenup Co. H enry G a illes, Greeuup Co. 1 0 h n and S a rah Garth, S cott Co. John H e mdon, Scott Co. William K err, Scott Co.

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

Joseph and Mary (Rodes) Burch. Scott Co. John and Rach e l Sharp, H enry Co. Isaac and Susan (Fitz) Sharp, Hc nry Co. J ohn and Fran ces (Sha rp) K elly. He nry Co. James and Catharine (Goodridge) Burtoll, Henry Co. William Clarkson, Bourbon Co. Keuza and Sarah (Watts) Stone, Bourbon Co. James Stone, Bou rboll Co. ~lizabeth and Moses Brockm a u , Boone Co. John Rogers, Boone Co. Elijah Lucas, Boone Co. William Dollins. Booue Co. Isaac \Vood. Hardin Co. John Davidson , Hardin Co. Reuben and George Turner, Pendleto n Co. Isaac aud Milry (Lcwis) Miller, Jefferson Co. Temple and Arln (M arks) Gwathmey, Jefferson Co. Richard and Harri et (Beal e) Maup in, J efferson Co. Nathaniel G. Carr, Jefferson Co .

Robert and Mary (Rodes) Douglass, Jefferson Co. Moses J. and ).Iatilda Moor e, J efferson Co. Henry and Geor ge Garrett, Montgomery :;0.

John and Martha (K ey) White. Mo ntgomery Co_ Elisha D. aud Lucy (Wood) Gilliam, C h r istian Co. Mildred Flint, Christian Co. Tandy Brockman , Christian Co. Jesse Grady, Christian Co. Samuel Hopk in s, Christian Co. Dr. Alfred W ood s f:>mily. Christian Co. 'W illiam and Nfartha (1\1oon ) Vires, Mason Co. Giles and Janet (Boyd) Allegre, Mason Co. J ohn B. Wheele,., )'1a5011 Co. Charles McGehee, Mason Co. John Jouett, Bath Co. Abraham and Mildred (Burrus) J o ncs, Bath Co. 路-'l'ho mas Burrus, Allen Co. John and Frauces (Henderson) "Iines , Allen Co. William T. Hendcrson, Allen Co. Nicholas Burgher, Estili Co. William and Arthur Tooley, Mo nroe Co. James and Elizabeth (Tooley) Gentry, :o.IOllroe Co. Thomas and Nancy (Old) Eubank, Monroe Co. David and Dorothy (Rodes) K e rr, Warren Co. Joseph Burgher. 'W arren Co. W ill iam Wood Jr., Warren Co. Josiah and Jaue H un t sman, Lincoln Co.

389

390

HISTORY OJ: ALBEMARLE

Sarah (\,"ood) Gooch, Lin coln Co.

F ontaine Rey nolds, Lincoln Co. R o he rt am\ Agatha (Twyma n ) Dearing. Franklin Co .

Trav is a nd Eli zabeth (Ca rve r ) Bro wn , franklin Co. Joseph ~1. White, Franklin Co. M oses a nd Ann (Dedmi\ll) Clack , 1路'le ming Co. Samuel Burch 's family . 1"lemin g Co .

Jam es and Lu cy Fit zpatric k. Casey Co. George amI M ary t ' it zpat ric k. Pula s ki Co. James W. am\ Mary (Kin sol ving) l.e igh. Caldwell Co. J ames ami ~J argaret (Brow lI ) Kin soh ' in g. Caldwell Co. Matthew Gooch . Caldwe ll Co. Johu Thomas. C umberl and Co. J esse a nd El izab eth (H opkins) Had e l! . Cumberland Co. 1 0 hn a nd A nn (Bailey) Gilliam, L ogau Co.

J o hn N. Hopkins, L ogan Co. B CI1IIc tt D. Ballard, Todd Co. Paschal and Catharine (Wa )'t) Garth , T odd Co. \\'il~on Munday. Todd Co. Thoma s Kimbrough , Todd Co. Tho mas and Lucy (Carver) Broadhead , T odd C o .

Thomas and Margaret Gay, \Vasliillgtoll Co. R cubc lI a nd Jan e D o well , \\'ay u e Co. R odcs Garth, Wayne Co. J o hn and Mary Burks, Grant Co. William and J oanna (Shepherd) Woods, Livi n g s toll Co. D av id W oods, Livingsto n Co , H en ry a nd S u san (Woods) Williams, Livingstoll Co. Ann M. and Martha C . Lewis, Livirlgstoll Co .

Washi n gtoll and Lucy (L.ewis) Grilliu. Livingston Co. W ill iam J o n cs. Livingstoll Co. \Villiam Carver, Li vingstoll Co. \Villi aru a nd Nancy CUllningham, 'rrigg Co. William and :'-oli1dred (Rodes) Walden, T rigg Co. David J. a nd M a rtha L ewis, Breck inr i(h~e Co. Jacob aud AIIIl (Shelton) POWCI'S , Harrison Co. A nde rson Garland's fam il y, L e wi s Co. R eubcn ,\lid Lllcy Clarkson, M ead e Co. David 'l'hol1lsol1. Woodford Co .

Good loe 'wel Mary (CLeusbaw) C arter, W ood ford Co. David a nd Ruth (Tw),man ) Watts , \Voodford Co. J oshua ;lIId P ea c hy (Walke r) Fry, Boy le Co. J oh n aud Anll (Rodes) Garth Tho mas Upton George aud :'-olary (S mith) Nich ola s Cliftoll a nd Sara h (Walle r) R odes

391

HIST ORY OF ALBEMARLE

Josiah and Hannah 'Wallace Tucker M. and Maria E. (Hudson) Woodson vlames Kerr J oh n Rice and Sarah (H enderson ) Kerr J ohn Smith Robert L. Slaughter Robert Brooks Nathall and Mildred (Clarkson) Goodman A I1selm Cla rkso n Nich olas L. Gooch John and Sarah McW illiams TI!NNHSSIUt.

John Jameson , Bedfo rd Co. Bland Maupin, Bedford Co. Richard Mool1 Jr., Bledsoe Co. \Villiam and Nancy (Alphin) F agg, Blo unt Co. Ja lle (Alphin ) Owen, Blount Co. Samuel and Lucinda (Farrar) \VhartOI1, Davidson Co. George and Elizabeth ( Farrar) Wharton , Davidson Co. Jacob and Sarah (Lewis) Tilman , Davidson Co. H en ry Kirby. Davidsou Co. Samuel and Au stin H amner, Davidson Co Edward S to ne, Da vidson Co. Nathan and Ma ry Blain, Fayette Co. " 'ill iam N. a n d Mary (B ates) Oliver, Fa y ette Co. James aud L ucy (Tho m as) L ewis, Franklil) Co. James \Voods, Franklin Co. Dyer and Mary (L e wis) Moore, Franklin Co. Lawrence '.c. C atl e tt, Franklin Co. T yree Rod es, Giles Co. J Ohll Shiflett, Hawkins Co. James and Fran ces (Allen) \Vood, Hardeman Co. Dav id and L llcy (Duke) Wood , H ardeman Co. 路William. George and !,'endall Wood, H ardeman Co. Robert and Ma:'y (W ood) Durre tt, H ardeman Co. James D. and Martha (Wood\ Alle n, H ardeman Co. Femlall and Ann (Royster) Thurmall , Hardf'ma n Co. Gideon Carr, Dickso n Co. Meekius and ::"Ilary (H amner) Carr, Dicksoll Co. J ohn B. and S u san (Ha m n er) Carr, Dick son C o.

Aaron Gentry, Kno x Co. f~lij ah and Sarah Dowell, Knox Co. Peter Ogg, K nox Co. James S. and Frall ces (Harris) Blades, Madison Co. Isaac B . Hard in, Maury Co.

v

\

392

HI ST OR Y OF A LB EMAR LE

John H . and Calvin M. Smith, Maury Co. Nathan Harris, l\'t onfoe Co. D r. Charles Meriwethe r , l\{ontgolllcry Co. Alexander and Mary W. (Thomas) C layton. Mon tgome ry Co. N icholas L. and Ellc n Thomas, Montgomery Co. Charles L . and Margaret Tho m as, Montgome ry Co. Joh u J. amI L ucy (Quarles) Thomas, Montgomery Co. Fra nces (Tho mas) H art, Mo ntgome ry Co. N a thaniel Anderson, M emphis John a n d Elizabet h (Burrus) Da\'is, O\-c r to n Co .

Gideon and Elizabeth (H ardin) M organ, R oa ne Co. Lew is C. Anthony, R ut h erford Co. Strother and J ohn \Vinn K ey , Smnnc r Co. Robert McClary, Stunner Co. J oh n Davidson, SUlllner Co.

T homas Jon es, Sumner Co. A lexan der D uff Gordo n, Sl1Iu n c r Co. R euben D . and Robert T . Brown, SIIIUl1 c r Co. Micajah Clark, StUllner Co. R oland and Nallcy H orsley, SUlllller Co. W illiam a n d Lucy NimlJlo , Stunner Co. T homas Mcadow, Stunner Co. W illiam an(\ Elizabe th Smith, S u mner Co .

A b r a h am M artin , Stunner Co. Taverner and Ma ry (Edwards) H ead, Sumner Co. N icholas J..... a n d Ann Wood, Tipto n Co. Thomas G. Watkins, Wash i n gton Co. Randolph and Elizabeth T urner, White Co. Thomas Carr , \Vilson Co. John R. a nd Margaret (McK esson) C a mpbell, Nashv ille George a nd E lizabeth (Bu ster) M oore Dr. L achla n McLea n A ndre w McWilliams M ISSOU Rl .

Sa m uel L . Hart, Callaway Co. Samuel and R obert Dye r, Callaway Co. !{'homas McCulloch, H oward Co. D. Douglass, H owa rd Co. Thomas Fitzpatric k, Washington Co. Joseph T. Mo nroc, J<' ra nkli n Co. Edwa rd Blair and H a rrie t (Monroe) Cab ell, C ha r iton Co. J ohll A. and James \Voods, Ma r ion Co. Samuel and Sarah J~. (R odes) Woods, Marion Co. J oel R . Maupin , Marion Co. Jo n athan A. J. B ishop, Marion Co. R ice a n d Elizabeth Wood, Salinc Co.

HISTORY O F ALBEMARLE

John and Adel in e P iper, Saline Co. R obert and Nancy Field. Saline Co. J o1m r\. and Elii:abe th (D urrett) Dunknlll. Saline Co. Benjamin and '1'. (P e m be rton) D u rrett. Saline Co. Henry and Elmira Keiste r , Saline Co. • Eli a nd Nallcy Ke ister, Sal ine Co. Samuel Keister, Saline Co. I saac and Elizabeth (K e ister) Stone, Boone Co. George an d Ma ry Glenn, Mo nroe Co. Elizabeth (Meriwether) L ewis, Liu coln CO. N. H. and Ann (Me riwether) L ewis, L in coln Co. James and Margaret (L·ewis) C lark. L incol n Co. Thomas a nd Emeline (,Weimer) L ewis, L incoln Co. C harles and Ma ry (Quarles) r...ewis, L incoliI Co. Elizabeth (Lew is) Wells. Li ncolu Co. J ohn W . and Alice O:'ewis) Davis. L incol n Co. J o n athan B . a nd Barbara (Carr) Ca rr, Lin coln Co. Achilles and Mary (Carr ) Broadhe ad, Lincoln Co. P e ter and L ydia L . (Lewis) Carr, Lincoln Co. J ohn and Julia (Thurm ond) Damron, Lilleolll Co. Bolling and Mildred Smith. Lin col ll Co. Elijah aud :o.[artha (Ge ntry} Dawson , Callaway Co. William Adams. J ackson Co. P leasa nt Adams . Clay Co. Daw son Adams. Ra y Co. J oseph Harpe r. Daviess Co. Nathaniel and L augdon Bacon . 8t. [.o uis Charles W. and Mary (Harrison) Maupin. St. L ouis Colin John son John M. and l;'-rau\!cs Perry Tn.lbot and Elizil (Kelly) B ragg William L. \\'ood C renshaw and Sarah (Austin ) White John Duggin s A'."BAMA.

I

Jesse Winston Garth Pleasant F. Boyd Nimrod alld Martha (H amner) Hend ricks, Tuscal oosa Nathaniel Ragland, Madison Co. Joab ,,"'atsoo, ~ I adjsoll Co. I Jeremiah Gilliam. Limestone Co. John H udson, Limestone Co. J ohn N. Ro"e , Mobi le Richard ~IcLeod, Mobile Ha rdin P. Lewis

393

•

394

H I STORY OF ALBEMAR L E MISSISSIPPI.

John aud Nancy Dawson Nelson Hardin '\Villiam alld Burr Garland John W. C. and C atharine (Da,-is) Watson, Holly Springs William r.L \Voods's family William and H elen (Alexander) Morris I.OU I S I ANA.

Joseph Brand. New Orleans " rill iam \Vhite, New Orleans Gideon Fitz. S1. Landry FI.ORID.'\..

William H. Bl'OckclIbmugh Charles Downin g William and Sarah (St ran ge) Stockton ARKA:-1SAS.

'Walter T. Dabney OHIO.

James and l.-lary (Woods) Ga r th William and Elizabeth (Davis) I rv i n, Lancaster Thomas Irvin , Lan ca ster Martin and Mildred Dawso n , Gallia Co. Andrew J. Humphreys, Log-au Co. John \Viant, Champaign Co. John and Sarah Garrison, Preble Co. Jos.eph and Agnes (Garrison) 'Vaggoller, Preble Co. J oh n aud F'rances (Garriso n ) Trent , Preble Co. Christopher and Jacob Bartley, Picka way Co. Peter "'est, Pick away Co. Daniel and elizabeth Pence. Pickawa.y Co. Wiley Beckett. Pickaway Co . . J ohn M undell, Pickaway Co. James H. and Ann (Bu rnl ey) Rllrnlcy , Pick away Co. Joel Burnley. Pickaway Co. J ohn and Elizabeth (Werte nbakc r J Walker, Pickaw a y Co. I saac W. Durrett, Pick away Co. I N D I ANA.

John and Elizabeth (Woods) H umphrey. Par ke Co. Jacob and Eli zabeth (Sharp) Razor. Jefferson Co. John '1'. a ud Mary (J effries) Bi s hop, D earbo rn Co. B enjal11iu and Rach c l Norvcll, Fraukliu Co. J ohn D ollins, Harrison Co. Susan (DOllins) Pol sou, Washingtoll Co.

HISTOR Y OF ALB E MARLE

395

11.1. IN O I S.

William B. a nd Nancy (Kinsolving) Wood, Washin g to n Co. 'Villiam L. and Ellen (Craven) C rave n, Mo rgan Co. Dr. Willi am A. H arris APPEN DIX, N o.9. "'ReNOI.OGY.

17H.

Nicholas Meriwether 1745.

Matthew Jouctt

Charles Blaney 1748.

Charles Hudson 1749.

Richard Damro n W illi am Phelps

R obert Baber

Lazarus Damron

J ohn Tooley

1750.

Robe rt H am ue r

James " ' illiamSOIl

Andrew Reid

1751.

Rev. Robert Rose

Benjamin Franklin

1752.

Arthur Osborn e Abner Abney Jame!. Nevel1

::-'Jark Lively Edward Maxwell David Reese

James Robertson J ohn H ender son

1753.

Charles LynCh Samuel Dirk

Andrew Browli Samuel Birk Jr.

Thomas G oolsby

1754.

James Ireland

Thomas McDaniel 1755.

Jos hua Fry

Robert White 1756.

Rohert McNeely Arthur

~lcDal1iel

1757.

Peter Jefferson 1758.

James 1\IcCallll

H enry Martill 1759.

John Cocke James Daniel Davis Stockton

Jose ph Thompson 1760.

William Ho rsley 1761.

William Mo rrison

Thomas Cobb

James McCord

396

HIST OR Y OF A LBEMARL E

1762.

Be n j amin Bro wu

Joseph Ma r t in

Micha el Woods

W illia m Mabc

Alex-al lele r M c Killeea t Ph ilip J o yn e r

-

1763.

James Kinke ad William F itz pa trick Da vid 1\1 ills

L ark in Smith

T h o mas So we ll

1764.

, J o h n M cCord

P eter L yoll Abraham C h i ldress

1765.

R obe rt H a r r is C h a rles Smith

J oseph T h ompso n

S am uel Ar nold

,

1766.

Mich ael Dougherty William W a llace

Art h ur H o pkiu s l.'h01ll38 S o w e ll â&#x20AC;˘

David Watts

1767.

T im othy Dalton

R o be rt L ew is ,

1768.

J o hn H arvie

J oh u Hud so n

O badia h M oo re

Rev. James M a ury

E d wiu H ic km3u

1769.

M a tthew J ordan

l i70.

Rev. S alll llel Blac k

R e\', J ohn Ra m say

Da v iel T hom ps on

J oh n H a m m ock

177 1.

Archel aus Can' cr

Charle s S m ith

1772.

Nicho las M e r iwether

T e risha 'l'urner

Andre w Mc William s William Ve na bl e

-,

I I ..> ,

"

J am es Wharey

M rs. Mary Fry 1774.

Micaj ah C la r k J osep h Kink ead T homas 'l'illdal

'1'hol1la s Gools by H ugh R ice MOI¡ris R ic ha rd Dalto n

J o hn Co ffey Ric hard S t ocktou

1775.

Patric k Na pi e r Re v. Sam u el L eak,e

, J oseph H uck s tep J oel T errell

J o h n R od es \Villi a m Blackwell

lii6.

Ja m es Mayo Will iam Harris 10hn M or'1l1

George Martin William Garland '

Re u be n'l'e rrell G il es A llegre

J o h n Watts A lex a nde r C le veland

1777.

John Mich ie J o hl! W ood

J e remiah White

I

397

HISTORY OF ALBEMAR L E

,

Ric hard Flint Johu Fry

1778.

Henry Head Robert Thompson

1779.

Thom as Hughes Col. Charles L路cwis Christopher Shepherd Tuck er \Voodsoll Jr. Joh n Woodson Nicholas Gentry

D::lIIicl F e rg uson 101111 Ballard

James Garland Jr.

James De foe Charles LcwisJr.

Henry Randolph

David L ew is S amuc l Brockman

1780.

W i lliam L ewis

Manus Burg h er

1781.

James T ooley

Thomas Ballard

1782.

Edmund i\Iassie

James Michie

1783.

S ilas Meltoll Willialll Dalton

Tho mas Stockto n William Via

\

Thomas Burch

Sa11llle\ Bo wcock Thomas Smith Natha n Woods

John McCord Richard Durrett

Thomas Johnson Oli vcr Clevela Ild \Villiam Hamll e r B e njamin Colva rd John C leveland Callum Bailey John H eude rson

John Dalton

\Villiam Hamn e r Daniel Maupin 'l'h omas Sm ith

1785. , J ohn Moo re Robe rt Bai u

1787.

Nicholas Cainc 'I' h o mas :M oorman

Thomas Fitzpatrick Richa rd Sharp

1788.

Samuel J a meson H e nry Washington

Andrew L eake William Harri s

Thomas Emerson Isham L.ewis

1790.

J oh n Fortune William McCord

James Reid

Andrew \Vallace George Douglass

'I'homas Salmon

J o hn Spence r

James Kerr Jr.

Tuck er \V oo<lsol1

1786.

Johu Hunto n

1789.

C laude de La Cour George Mu rrell J erem iah Yancey

John Eubilnk

\

178 .t William \Vatsoll 8amllel W oods

W illiam Gregg W illiam Shelton Charles Turn er

Martin H ackett Will iam Reynolds

398

HISTORY OF Al.BEMARLF.

John H Clide rsou

1791.

B e n j amin Hu nts man

James Minor

Joh n W oods

David Andersoll

Robert Gree lli n!;"

Edward Carter J oh n Dunn

1792.

T homas Martin J ames Harris

lo.'I artill K ey yo Thomas Smi th

John G ill ia m J o seph MortOll

J ohn Ba iley Richard Da vCllport Charles Irving" Samuel Shellon

1793.

Nathaniel Garl and " Orlando lOlles Bennett Hc ude rsoll

Ste phen Hug h es

J oel P erk in s N icholas Hamner

1794.

Gideon Carr Da\' id R odes Jam es Travil1iau Joshua Grady

Henry Foster Valentine Wood Jr. Peter Mar ks Samuel Gay James Coleman Johu Newcomb Phile mon S u ell

J oh n H enderson

Gabri~ 1

G iles R oge rs

10 1111 Sh ifl ett

'l'homas \Valkcr

Tholllas \Vest

Christopher H a rris

Bradley Der ry

1795.

John McCulloch John Clarkson Geor ge Gillller

William Do well Giles T o mpkins

17%.

Robert J ouett NathaTl Barksdale Thomas Grayson

Maupin

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Wi lli am Gooch W illi am Barksdale J oh n Slaughter

1i9i.

Obadiah Britt Hllgh Alexallder Leo u a rd Dru mh eller

J ames j\'Iinor Jam es H arris Nath an iel Watk ill S

li98.

Alexander M c Kinzie Johu Pri tchett Sa mu el 1'aliaferro J ohn S i mms Charles Rodes Nelson Tho illsou

C harl es Patrick 'Villi am Si mlllS John Do well J ohn Scott Thomas 'Valker Jr. Dav id Buster

1i99.

Micajah Chiles James J on es Jr. Tho mas Massie Peter Davie

David Epperson R o b e r t \V. W h ee le r Thomas J o n es Patrick r.'lichie

H enry Shelton Ste phe n Southall George Martin J oh n Lewis

1800.

Thomas William William William

Bell Moon Clark Thurmond

Maxey Ewell James Sudda rth Beruard B row u J oh n C hi hl ress

Samuel D edman Sa mu el Burch R obe rt A lcock 'l'h om a s S mith

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

1801.

Joseph Sutherland J oel Wheeler 'W i lliam Smith

Waddy Thomson Samuel Scott Ephraim Seamo n ds

William Cole William Jordan

1802.

George I;;ubank George G oodridge

John J ouett Michael Thomas

Peter Lott Charles Wingfield

1803.

W illia m Shelton Schuy)er Harri s

H eury Burke B enjamin N orvell

Thomas B allard Joh n Fit4

1804.

G eorge Blain John Lew is

Andrew Brow n James Burnley

Richard H. Allen Lain Jones Henry Karr

1805. haac Dav is Alexander Gordon Bartholomc\\" Kindred Owen L ewis W illiam Da ve npo rt Joseph H. Irvi n

J ohn H udso n Thomas C arr

18()6.

John Maupin Francis 'Va lker

Richard F arrar Edwa rd Wingfield J erem iah C leveland Jod Smith

1807.

William F retwell John White D avid Clarkson Hancock Allen

J ohn Coles Satn nel l rvi n Wyatt Mills

1808.

H arwood Dacon Nicholas L ewis Edward Moore

P eter K ebl inger Rev. i\[ atthew Maury William Wood

W illiam Bro,,;kman Moses Gentry J ohn Old Benjamin Taylor Meriwether L ew is

1809.

Bland Ballard R c v . William Irvi n Robe rt Sharp Mica jah Wheeler H en ry Austin

John Carr B ezaleel i\Iax\'vell Richard M oore William Wallace J ohn Gilliam

R obert Carter George Gentry John R odes

1810.

Madison Breedlove Taliaferro L ewis Corne li us Sche nk

'Villiam Garriso n R e v. T hos. Lumpkin Edmund A Ilde rson

James Burnley William !l-lichie

1811.

W illia m Leake Johu W alke r

Jaeob M oo n Martin Railey

John Hudson Richard 'Woods Swann y Ferguson

,

399

1/

H olm an Snead Jacob Morris T homas \V. Lewis Claudius Buster Jacob S piecc

400 Nathaniel Anderson James Garland

J oseph Cole 10hn B. Magruder J ollII Martin David Burg her

Jacob Oglesby \Villiam Jarman William Hughes Willi a m Watsol1 J oseph Brand

Clifton Garla nd J ohn Wingfield

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

18 12.

James Powell Cocke Th o mas Garth J II lilts Cia rk~oll J olm Old 1813. l\'I ask L eake David Wood

Micaja h Carr Johu P. Watson Harm e r Gilmer Richard P. Wat son

Kemp Catlett

R obert M orrison James Hay s R obert :\toorma n W ill iam S. Dabney

1814 .

Peter Clarkso n William Maupin Jam es Har rison

William D. Fitch Charles L . '1'hom3s Martin K ey

J ohn Wilkinson

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18 1S.

Jam es Brooks

Re .... Bernis Bro wlI

P e ter Carr Lawre n ce Suddarth

I saiah Humph rey James Turl(

Samuel Dlac k J e re m iah H amner J onatha n Brown in g

1816.

Jaso n Bo wcock Epaphroditu.s Rodes David Wood Edward Garland Nicholas Page

James Barre tt J o hn Alphin W est L':lngford And re w Squair D avid Watts

Fran cis Brown ing C h arles D. Hunto n

William l~l so Ul William G. Garner

John Michie George Carter

181i.

Elijah G ,lrth W illiam G. Arms J acob Mo rris

Samuel Hamner Richard A Ildersotl

1818.

Daniel White William Moore J oseph Sutherland C hapman ,Vhite R o bert Barclay Benjamin Richards

1819.

Samuel W. Allderson V Rice Garland Robert L e itch Richard Moon L e wis J OhllSOll William Goolsby J ech Ollias Yan cey James J-! eyuolds J o hn Bus ter Hugh Rice Morris Wil~ol1 C. Nicholas

1820.

Isaac H ard iu William Wood William H opkius

D avid Humphrey C h arles Massie G eorge Twyman Clev iers Duke William M cCord Sabrit H oy Milburn H ogg Cha r les Wjug-field Jr. Reubeu H e rndou Charles Burrus Robert McCullock Dallie l Tilman John Timberlake

â&#x20AC;˘

401

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

1821.

Richard Durrett Rev. Martin Dawson Joseph Gilmore James Mayo Christopher Wingfield James Eubank James Old R ev . Jacob Watts

Rev. B enj . Burgher Richard Woods Jr. Christopher Geutry

1812.

James Durrett Whitaker Carter Jesse Davenport

1813.

John H. C arr John C. Rag.land Rev. Samuel 'Wydowll Andrew Leitch Sr. John R odes Charles Douglass

John Eubank David )Iaupin Benjamin Martin B enjamin Norvell John Grayson Peter Garland Elijah Sowell

v

William ,路'relwell 'W illiam Smith Daniel Black

J ohn Eubank Mrs. Mary W. Lewis Jesse Wood

182-1-.

Joseph Field Dabney Minor A lexander Blain

Robert Field William Tompkins Francis Brownin g

Douglass Bowcock Bezaleel G. Brown J oh n A. :'Iichic

1825.

Christopher Hudso n Robert Wingfield Alexander Fretwell

William Ram sa~ Joseph Bisho p H enry Wood

Francis Gilmer 'rhomas Jefferson Michael Thomas Benjamin Thurmau

1826.

J oseph Brand francis Modena Chapman While Joel Harris

B erry M. Hardin Samuel Shelton \ Matth ew Watson Pleasant Dawsou

J ohn B oll ing Belljamin L acy Rev . Hugh White Thomas Martin

1827.

Charles Goodman Li!tlebury :\100n Richard Pri ce

1828.

Robert Draffell John Irvin George Eubank Claiborne Rothwell Thomas :\1. Randolph Andrew l\fonroe

H orsley Goodman John Neilson John Hudso n

Abraham Eades Jam es Fowles J eremiah Yancey

James Powell Cocke Wil!iam Grayson David Young Manoah ClarkSOI! Richard Brnce

1819.

Bezaleel Brown 'i'homas Goolsby J esse " 'ood Jr. Rev. J ohn Barksdale Philip Watts

Robert Davis James Kinsolving J ames Clarkson J ohn F agg J oseph Goodman

J ohn Kelly George Di vers Benajah Gentry

1830.

Francis Bi rckhead Charles i\lJ.ssie William C. 'Vren

Jam es Din smore Nicholas Merritt Lilldsay Martin

-26

402

Reuben Lindsay Thomas \V. Wood Richmon d Walton

HISTOR Y O F ALBEMARLE

1831.

J onathan Barksdale J ose ph W in gfield R obert R ea

John Jordan Stephe n W oodsoll William T ooley

1832.

" 'iIlialll Suddarth J ohn 0. Benson

Ri chard Wallace H ugh R ice l\:Iorris G oodman Barksdale J ohn P at ri ck William Morris Charles C. Lacy Edward F crncy ho l1 g h I son ' Va lton

Stephen Moore

18,33.

Ni ce W. W ood

A ndrew Hart " 'illiam H opk in s John H arris

John Early

J ohn S. F arrar George Eu bank

J. \'l/at80 11 , H igh Top C h ristian Wertcllbakcr J oh n D e ttor

1834.

Benjamin H ar ri s Marshall Durrett 'l'homas Garth Charles L. Bankhead R ev. T horn ton R ogers J oel Shiflett

Matthew R odes H udson Fre twell P eter U. 'Yare

1835.

J ohn Gilmer H orsley Goodman P leasan t Moon J,.

J ames P. H enderso n H e nry P rice Will ia m Piper

Isaa c Si m ms

1836.

Jesse Garth George Gilmer Norborne Powers

P e achy R . Gil mer Ephraim Seatn onds William Via

Craven Peyton Micajah Woods Johu [,' re t well J oh n N. C . Stockton D avid Isaacs

1837.

J esse J opl in g William W oods B. C. Mi caj ah Wheeler H ora ce Rramham ]I,'1ace Pickctt

R e u be n Lin dsay J ohn Wi an J oh n Yerga in Charles Hudson E zekiel Wilhoi

1838.

Garland Carr l;' rancis B. Dyer L ou is L cschot

R cv. J oh n Gass R oger Thom pson J. Addison Carr

1839.

R obe rt W. W ood J oshua ' Vheeler

J eremiah 'Whi te Anderso n Shiflett

1\1 arti n Dawson P ete r M i nor

\Villi am Leake A ndrew Zigler Hu gh Kelsoll ParmC11<lS R ogers

J ohn Rogers 'l'homas \V. Gooch James Jo u es Sabrit K illg J ohn R odes Opic Norris Ja m es H . Grinstead

18 -40.

Samuel and Celia Dyer A b ij ah S. Old Mrs. Elizabeth Clark Jam es T ooley

J ohn H. Goodloe Zachariah W ood

HI STORY OF ALBEMARLE

403

1841.

1

Charles Bonnycastle

J ohu Rogers Jr.

J oh n \\'atsol1, Milton Samuel L e itch H owell J,cwis Samuel Powell

D avid Anderson J oh n :\liIlOT D av id Michie

Drury Wood Isaac A. Coles Michael Catterton Thomas Grady

1842.

Ira B . B row n Gilly:\1. Le w is Samuel Barksdale

J Ollatli<111 'V. Beers

J ohu P ollock R euben Wiugfie ld

'I' h om a s 'V. Maury E. W. ~ eillhart J oseph WatsOI!

Charles Sm ith

1843.

John P. Emmett Garrett White eha rlcs H . :'>leri wether Fril il c is Meri wether lame", H . I...cwis J oseph Antrim

Jame" Oldham Adam K cblillgcr Lewis S. Poatcs

A braham F.adcs

Reuben Lewi s 'Thomas W. Gilmer Carter II , H arrison \\". D. ~I c riw ethe r HenTY '1'. H a rris John H. C raven

1844.

Dabney C. (; ooch Achilles Douglass Oliver C levela nd 1째45.

Nimrod B r"lll ham :\Iichael Wallace Johu Browl!

Thomas Draffe n James Duke Belljamin Sowell Stephe n C . Price Nathan C. Goodman

1 8~6 .

Johll L. Thomas J o"eph Cole man \\'Illiam Dunkum Eli .. ha Thurman

Bri g'htbcrry Brown Re z in Wh eat J oh n H. H ol m an J ohn T . I~arly

Fran ces McG ee Blake Harris Samuel Black

1 8~i.

James Jarman 101111 Thomas (;COT!!C ~I. Woods

]o'>eph'l'wym'an

Dani el F. Ca rr l ohn E. R ober ts Jam es Michie Jr. R obert Thrift

Cleviers Duke Wiley D ickerson l ohn Lee Samuel Brock man

1848.

Charles Harpe r John Coles.

Charles E yerett William D. Fitc h Hellry S t . Geo. Tucker Albe rt C. 'l'e rrell

Hard in :)Iassie James W. Dru mh elle r

1 8~9.

Je .....e Lewis Ri chard Duke Samuel W. T o mpkins J oseph Grayson Benjamiu M osby

Tho mas W . Fry J ohn M . W ingfiel d

1850.

H e nry 'Yhite William Woods, S. James ~l ichie Benjamin G. Peyto n

Edmund Davi!; George Blae ttcrmall Mann Page M eek in s Carr

Andrew Mc K ee Samuel S. Gay Edm u nd Broadus James Jeffries

404

HISTORY OF A LBEMARLE 1851.

Willis Garth 'l'holll<ls Macon Ri chard P ollard Daniel Scott

B e rnard Carr Peter N. i\'fe riwethc r Anderson B rown J ohn R ogers, Lan .

J oel Terrell P hilip E dge Edwin H. Gooch Geor gf! \V. Crave n

Geor ge Sinclair

1852.

Valent in e Head J o nathan Barksd. lc

Zach. S ha ckelford

J ohn B owcock

Edward H. ;"'[0011

Th omas H . Grayson James H. Shelton

1853.

David Hi gg in botham Edward \ Vertenbakcr

Hilwkey Ferguso n P aul '1'ilma1l Jr.

1 85~.

B eru ard Peyton } 'rall c i s Carr \Yalter Coles J ohn Euban k

J ohn :M o rri s

William W. Wallace N. Thompsoll Jr. A. HamiltOIl l\'lic hi c

Reese J urey.

Larkin Hudsoll George \v. 'l' nrpin

1855.

John B. Garrett

John Duukmll

J oh n Pilson Andrew L eitch

Ja m es '1'. Ead), l\'l e r edith i\'iartin

1856.

Clemellt P. M c K enn ie All e ll Hawkin s James H. T e r rell \Villiam ::'II. 'Voods G. W. Ki nsol\'iTlg R ev. Albert H olla day A ndrcl\' Ste\'enson Sam uel W. :M artiu

R ichmOll d 'I'errell D an iel P errow Cl.uldi u s Mayo

1857 .

J ohn T. H amner B enjamin L. J ohnsoll J o hn B. H art Charles Massie J ohn T e rrell

Nathaniel D. G oolsby Alphon so Gilfncr Thomas Da n iel

J oh n H. l\'1add ox Matth ew P. U'alto n G eorge O" l'oolc J ames A. \Vatson B urwel l G~lrth Je remiah A. G oodman William M cCoy

1858.

Robert L . J efferson D avid H a n cock \\'illi am F. G ord o n

L ewis M cGee William 'Vood s, B . C. H ugh )'Huor

Boswell P . Yates Gabri el Maupin Tho m as C . K eller

T homas L. S helton James W. Saunde rs J ohn B . Gilmer John J. Wingfield

1&59.

William T. M cCart y R ev. J o hn S. Abe ll I saiah StOllt Sa mu el C ar r

Charles A. Sm ith H . u r)' Morris Caleb Abell

â&#x20AC;˘

NJ.thaniel Bumley Alexaude r Garre tt William Garth

V

1860 .

Tucker Coles J oh ll \V. Gantt

J oseph Miller H udso n Strange

HISTORY OF ALBEMARLE

1861.

M. L. "hIker Abraham \ Viant Nelson Barksdale T ucke r Colcs Jr. Chapman \V. M au pin Twyman \Vayt Valen ti lie W. SOli thall Joseph Su the r lalld

-

Peter F. Jefferson

81. George Tucke r James B. R oger s James D. \Vatts Rc\', "', Timberlake

Octavi us G. M ichie Benjamin Fic klin Beverly Staples William A. Bibb Charles A. Scott

I

W. B. Phillips

1863. 'l'homas \ V. i\'Ie r iwether Ira H arris George H. Ge ige r Th om as Alllll10neH ./' Ralph T homas Garland A. Garth

\\'illiam M. Wade

(

John B. Douglass

Thomas F. Lewis .F'l"ancis K. Nelson

J ohn Timberlake

\

Zachariah L ewis Bnckner Townley Chiles 1\1. Brand

1862.

David Carr D abney Carr Chapman C. Maupin Luth er M. George James S. Leitch Thomas Staples

Charles l\linor A. Ha!n iitoll R ogers

â&#x20AC;˘

405

1

'l'homas \\'00<15011

Roberts Coles M. L. Audcrsoll Richard D. Simtn3 William B. Harris Ja mes H. MillOt'

186..j. .

L ew is 'reel R obert N. Trice Re\". Charles Wingfield Archclaus Robertson

1865.

Alfred C. Wood Frede r ick Gilliam George Mart i II

P c ter White George \\'. Spooncr J ames C. Carter

1866.

J oseph Sutherland S r . L eland Blackwell John White William H. F oster William G. Barksclai e 1867.

Hobert Rives H . Carter ~'roore Edward J. Timberlak e F'ranklill Minor J ohn S. Martin James R. \\'atson William H . Brown Charles Carter Charles W . Maupin David J effries Daniel P. L ewis J ohn A. Wilson

Prior Woodson George A. Farrow Dayid R. Goodmau John D. Carr Peter F. Jefferson P aul Tilman

James Woods J ohn R. J ones William C. Ri ves William Crum..e.-

1868.

Edmund I. 'l'hompson Clifton G. Suthcrland John J oncs Bland Rca

William ill. Peyton Pcter H arma n Robcrt B. Nclsoll Willis White

John D . Moon Sr. 'W illiam P. Farish

1869.

Reubcn Maury George r.... Wi ll iams

Ralph Bark sdale John C. Hugh es

Elijah May

406

HI ST OR Y OF AL BE MARLE

Ira Garrett

1870.

P ete r A . \ \'Ood5 R ich a rd Moon, B.

Sam u el O . :"10011

Re\". James M. Goss

Ja m es H art

Nathaniel Massie J ohll H. Coleman Socrates Maupin Shepherd Moore

W ill ia m Cowhe rd Be n j a mi n S n ea d Eli A Illes

]871.

Benjamin F. Randolph Be n jamin F. Ficklin John Vowles Magill O. Douglass James C. Lllpton Roland H . Bates 18i2.

Benjamin \Vood 1\1. L. A ndersoll

ThomasJ. Randolph Jr.\Vinstoll O. Purvj,.

Reuben \Vood David E. Ha ncock

1873.

W, Edgar Ga r th

Edward Ferneyhollgh

William H . l\lcGuffey Thomas Durrett George \V. H anmer Ira Maupin 1874.

HelllY Howard 'l' homas Garl a nd Thomas H. Brown Milch1s B. J arma u George Rives William T. Early Nathaniel Thompson Peter Cravell 1875.

Richard \, ' iug-field John C. R. '1'il)"\or 'l' homas J. Randolpli J. P. H albach Joseph W. Campbell Stapleton C. Shelton l Si6.

Charles Goodyea r Tealde Savage J. H. Timberlake J r. Wilson C. Nicholas Rc\路. James ..'i re J ohn L. White

"T.

William D. H ar t Charles D. Everett George W . H arr is Joshua J ackson ~I arcus Durrett B azaleel Brown Charles B rown Rice G. Barksd a le Joh n S. Cocke H enry Shep he rd J. Fra nk Fry N . H . M assie James M . Bowe n

18ii . \Villiam T. BrowlI \Villiam L . Cochr.ul Robert W. I... en-is ISiS. J. W . P oindexter Henry Massie Jacob \ 路an D oren 18i9.

H amilton Potts D an iel G. Smith David Stra n ge 1880.

D . J. H a r tsook \V. W . Statoll R andol ph H arr is

) J

T llcker Woodsoll

George Norris Lewis ~owcl1

R obert R. Prent is R obert Rodes \Villialll SU lll mer son F. M. P a oli D avid Kyle William Cox Amlre\\" B lack

\

L ondon Brllce Cosby r.1. RobertSOll

Jolll1 White David Hansbrough J oh ll O. H arris Alfred Carpe n t er Tho m as Black J ohn A. B ro w n T hornto n \V. B ow ell G eorge B . Y oun g

R ob e r t C. Rives. r.l oses Ma xwe ll A tw ell Ed ge

I

407

H I STORY OF ALBEMARLE

1881.

R ichard G. Crank ,Villial1l F. Gooch Reuben Lindsay

R obert B. Bollin!

J ohn H. '1'imberlake Tilman T. Maupin

Joel No Wheelcr Pleasant Sowell John O. Wingfield

1882.

S. A. Hart John O. Ma ssey Daniel E. Watsou John A. Rogers 'Villiam Wertenbaker Caleb Abell 1883.

B. M. Pinke rtOIl Orlando n. iJarksdale ~dward ColeS' John 'V. G oss 'William D . Boaz W. W. Din widdie J ohn Cochran Philip Edge J. Summerfield Moon 188 4.

John'!'. Antrim Shelton F. Leake George M. McIntirc G eorgc \V. MaCOIl William A. Rogers Orville Allcll

J oseph W. l.·ipop 'Wilton Head Ezra M. Wolfe J ames M. Smith J ohn A. C.rter Alph onse Lauvc Tho mas W. Wood

Fontainc Brockman William A. Keblillger Henry Gantt

1885.

Parrott H . Elliott Benj. H . Magruder John R. Woods J ohn Staige Da"is

Stephen O. Southall Jerome B. " 'ood Stokes Tunstall J oscph F. Wingfield 1886.

Slaughter W. Ficklin Berllard Peyton I... ittleton Waddell Thomas C. Bowen

Charles Han cock John J. Wiull J ...llIl A. Silead Alexander Rivcs J ohn H . Nicholas

1887.

c . W. Purcell William W . Minor Egbert R. Watson Geo. Chris. Gilmer

Fleming Broadhead Peyton S. Coles Isaac D. Early William H : Harri s

Horace Geor~e J. Finks Wayland J oh n Thornley Ri chard H. Y allcey

1888.

Peter McGee John S. White Bluford R. Eddins John H. Bibb Thomas F . Wingfield

George W. Stark Andrew J. Brown

1889.

John Wood Jr. James L. Cabell

James H. Shc j.lherd Alcxan der K. Yancey

J oh n S. Coles W. O. Fry

1890.

Rev. Thom as D. Bell Mi les S. Foster George C. Omohundro John P. Michie James G. Alexander

James Fitz A. P. Boyd

•

I J

I'

, f

I \1

INDE X. A ,!{ricultural Society, 10l.

Albemarle Academy. 91.

Declaration o f illdepC lldcnce, 365.

Emigrants,.386. Necrology, 395.

Rangers, 363.

RCl'rescntat i\'cs, 384.

Alcock, William, 198, 242 .

Aldermc li,89.

Alexauder, Hugh, 246.

Aubury. Travels of. 33.

Area of Cou nty , 14.

ArnlY allowances, 54.

Atto rn eys for Commonwealth, SO. List of, 380.

Bache, Dr. William , 62.

Ballo u, S01011101l, 106.

Bankhead. Charles L .. 302, 305.

Banks, 106.

Baptist C hurches, 132.

Ba rbvu f::.vill e Road, 65.

Barracks Priso n , .11.

Hoad, 65.

Supplies fo r, 54.

Bartcrbrook, 61.

Batesv ille. 6. 22.

Bcar Creek, 23.

BClIv('rdam, 18 ,2 1.

Belle Grove. YS. 222.

Bible ~ociety, 102.

Birdwood, 4, 174, 244.

Bl':lck's Cal l , Rev. Sam, 362.Blacttcfmall, ProL, 288.~ Bl air. Justice John, 62.

Bland . Col.. 36.

Blue Ridge, 14, 19.

And Rivanna Turnpike, iO. Bolling-. J ohn. 20! .

Boundaries o f County, 14 .

Breckinridge, J oh n , 230.

Brimmer Road. 68.

British ravages, 25.

Broad r-.'Iossin g Ford, 65.

Brown 's Gap Road , 66.

Turnpike. 69.

Buck's Elbow, 15, 19.

Buck Islan d, Ii, 21.

Mouutain Road, 64.

Burnt Mills, 65, 161, 181.

Cabell v. Wilkinson, 57.

Camp neal" Rockfish Gap, 30.

Camping Brauch, 21. 24.

Capital Puuishmellt. is.

Carr' s Old Ford, 65, 73.

Carter's Bridge, 71.

Road. 68.

Ca rtersburg, 22.

Castle H ill. 2, 271. 335.

Celllral College., 91.

C h arlottesville. 26, 105.

Hospital, 11 8.

Chestnut MOll utaius, 2, 19.

Chiles, l\Iicaja h. 276, 324.

Chiswell. John, 7. 214, Church Erectioll, 136.

Circuit Court, 79, Cla rk, Gen. G. R., 50.

Cleilr M"unt. 11, 163.

Collins' Team. 13 .

Colonizalion Society. 102.

Committee of Nine. 120.

COlli III issiouers at Rock lish Gap, 91 County COllrt System. 78.

County Ofiiccrs, 8, 375.

Court House Building. 80.

First. 9.

Court Proceedil1J,:"s, 9, 54. 74, 110, Cow Branch. 21.

Crockett. ~Iaj. Joseph. 284. 356.

Cu rrency, deranged, .53. 11 8.

Davidsol1's patent. John. 7.

David Wood 's old place, 65. Davi s, Prof. J. A, G" 114.

Dawson's r-.leeting H ouse. 134.

R ow, 94.

Deau , Adam. 247.

Debatin g Society , 103.

Districts . 25.

V, I(t' J"'U !I'I District Court. 79.

No.1, 11 8.

Divers, George. 25, 48. 3JS. Divisions of County. 24.

Doyle, John. S3.

Drafts o f se rvan ts. 11 7.

D . S., 4, II. 63, 158. 320.

Early, W. T .â&#x20AC;˘ 11 7.

Edge, Atwell. 171.

Edge's Creek . 21.

Edgemo nt. 3, 61, 77.

41 0

I NDEX

Education, 85.

Elk Rllll , 23.

Emigrat io n. 55.

Episcopal Churches, 124.

Epperson's :Mou ntain, 20.

Eppes Creek. 3, 18, 168.

Escheats, 47.

E stes. Capt. '1'. '1'., %.

Families, alphabetically ar ra nged, 137. ' I'ann , 'rl· Ie,:::>. ·o I ....'~ ". ?-? ~_.

Fanning-toil, 5, 47, 54.

Fish,23. flood of 1771, 71.

F orge Church, 56, 125.

FortullC. 188.

F orty-Sixth Virgiuia, 117.

Franklin, Benjamin, 62.

Franklin!;.,82.

Fredericl(sbl1rg Road, 65.

Frcdcricksville Parish, 124.

Free Bridge , 72.

Schools, 89.

Frenchmen, 360.

Gallatin, Albert, 9.

Gambell's Grant, :-..Iatt., 7.

Gambling. ItO. Game, 22.

G,lriand, James. Jr., 44.

Garlick, SamlleL 7.

Gazettee r of Virginia, 101.

Giles, ~athaniel, 56.

Gilmer. Dr. John. 76.

Pa per s, 363.

Glebe.'!. 125, 127.

Glcudowe r , 10, 185, 238.

Glover, John A., 114.

Goochl a nd Counly, t.

Grier, And rew , 247.

Grills, Elcano!:, 52.

Grmnasinm,88.

H aggard's Road,68.

H ammoc k ' s Gap, IS, 58, 330.

H anover, Presbytery of, 131.

H ardin's Tavern, 60,217.

H arrisonburg Turnpike, 7t.

Halch, Rev. Ii'. W" 127.

H an'ie, Col. John, 35, 225.

H ebrews, 359.

H enderson's Brauch, 21. \Varehouse, 58.

H e llin g, 'V. W., 228.

H en ry, J ohn, 5,322.

Patrick,46.

Hickman, Edwin, 4, 9 , 255.

Hodge, Dr. Charles, 62 .

H olt, J oseph , 233.

H o pkins, D r. James, 75.

Hud son 's Creek, 18.

Hunton. Charles B., 299. l ug-lis, Thomas, 5 1.

Indians. 23. [ n d 'Ia n G ra ve,::', • "'~ _ ~, "'86 _ .

I rish Road, 68.

Tron manufactu re, 56.

Island forel. 73.

Italians. 360.

Ivy C reek, 21.

Depot. 22.

Jailors, 380.

Jameson's Gap, 20. l\iolintain, 20.

Jarman's G a p. 20.

Jefferson on Barracks, 31.

Jcnlone. Fraucis, 47, 201.

Jones, George. 261.

JOI1CS' PlantatiOll. 33, 238.

Johnson, Benjamin, 286.

Michael, 256, 346.

Jouett. J Olt ll, 45, 240.

Joyll c r. Philip, 206.

Judges, 79.

Keppel, Earl of Albema rlc, 8.

K ey. Nelson, 188. l( ey's Meeting House, 135.

Mill Creek , 20.

K i ng, ;\Iartin, 12. 68.

Kinney, Jaco b, 287.

K osciusko's Will. 361.

Lafayette's Visit, 10-1.

L egislature in Charloltesv i!lc 45, -16.

Leigh, William. 54, 276.

Leitch, James, 82, 139, 253.

L ewis's Creck, 3, 'erry, {•.

Meeting H ouse, 132, lVlountaiu, 5, 15.

Library, Public, 103.

J..·ick Run, 23.

Limcston e, 17 , 18, 257.

I... ittle O . S .. 67.

Eppes C r eek , 18.

Egypt, 209.

MOll ll tain, 19.

Rive r , 20, 85. .

L umpkin , R ev. 'l'homas, 131.

Lynch 's Ford o r Ferry , 10,258.

Lynchburg R oa d , 68, 70.

Magist rates, 77 , 375.

Map of Virl!"inia, 97.

Marc h es to \ \'illiamsburg, 36~. .i\1;i.rket House. 106.

Marks , Johu, 56, 263.

.,

"

,

1: .,' /I • I ,

IND E X

Marriage licenses, 55.

M a r shall C . J . J oh n, 63.

Ma rti n , Cap t. J oh n, 45, 264.

Meade's Elect ion, B ishop , 129.

Mechtllu's D e pot, 22.

Me r iwethe r 's B ridge . 73.

Merritt. Nich ol a s, 317. ::\'I cthodist C h urches, 134.

Military of Coun ty. 372.

Miller 's Bra n ch, 21. _ Miltoll. 3, 57.

Minc. Betsy Martin. 57. ;\1onticello, 45, 141,250.

Bank Specie, 108.

Moore's Creek Bridge, 72. 'ord , ?O _ , -? ( _.

I

Morgantown.

60. " Mosby, Col. John S., 11 5. )..rQuntain Falls Creek , 21.

Mount Ed Church, 87,134.

Names, 19.

Neg-Toes. teaching, 11 1New Haven, 61.

Newspapers, 99.

New York, 59.

Nicl101a!>' Warehouse, 58.

Xinetee llth Virgini<!., 117.

Ni'i:ville.22.

Norris. Opic. 70. 106, 243.

North Milton, 59.

Nutter, Ge(ir~e. 11 5.

Offices. Court Squar e, 82.

Old'", F orge. 57. 68, 291Olh'cr'!, Store, 22.

Ordinar ies, 10, 39.

Oq::'anizatioll, Couuly, 8.

P antops. 4, 88, 139.

Partition of County, 26.

Patents, Ear!y, 2.

Personal Collisions , 110.

P etersburg, 22.

Phillips. Gen., 35.

P igeon 'rop, 15.20.

Pillory, 9, 82.

P iney Mountain,S. 15. 20.

Pinch-'em-sl)'!y,61.

Plauk Road, 69.

Pleasant Grove, 59.

Plum O r chard B ranch, 21.

Pl Um T ree B ra n ch, 21.

P oind exter, George. /7, P o indexter 's Mo un taiu, 20.

P op ulation , 11 .

Presb y t e ri an C h u rche.:. 129.

P rison S p ring, 28.

P un ish ments. 12.

R a ilroads, 115.

,

411

R ea's 1;'ord Road, 67.

Reconstruction, 119.

Records. 13, 25, Red Bault Falls, 3.

Revoluti on. 29.

Richard Woods Road, 路67.

Riedese l, Madame. 37.

Rio Bridge . 73.

Rivanua Na\'ig-ation Co., 84.

River Ro<\d, 64.

Roads , 10,6.3.

Rock Sprillg. 71.

Rockfi sh Gap, 20, 64, 91.

Rodes's Road. 66.

Round T op :\IOl1ntain. 12.

Salmon. John B .. 122.

Scales Creek, 21.

Bchoo! COlllmission ers, 86.

Scottsville, 97.

Secretary's Road, 68.

Settlement of Virgin ia, 1.

Shelby. Letitia. 49.

Sheriffs, J i 9.

Short, William, 24, 217, Sig-nsof War. 116.

Simpson's Tauyard, 67.

Sldughter, J ohn, J29.

Smith, Ambrose J oshua, 7.

Soapstone Works, 18.

Sold iers of Revolutioll, 367.

South River, 20.

South \Vest :'tI otlntaill, 14, 19.

Spellcer, Johu, 189. ~ Sprouse. Hudsoll, 112.

St. Anne's Par ish, 124.

Staunton and James River Turnpike, 69.

Still House ~lountain, 66.

Stockton's Creek . 17, 319.

St OilY P OLllt, 路 "~~.

Swan T avern. 46, 24(). 'rar!etoll's Raid. 44.

Tayl or's patent, William, 6, 324.

Teachers. 85.

Temperance Society. 94, 103.

Three Notched Ro~d, 63.

Todd, 路 Rev. J oh n. 233.

'1'oIl1's Mountaill. 17. Ii I , 328.

Tooley's Creek . 332.

Topography, 14.

Torie<;, 47.

'1'OWII8, 57.

'I' owns h'IpS,~ ?- .

Travellers' Gro ve. 59.

Tufton, 5, 260. 310.

Turkey R un . 22. 'l' urk's Gap, 20.

••

412 Underwood Con ven tion, 119.

Unh'crsity o f Virginia, 92.

Wade's Spring, 66.

'Valker, Dr. Tho ma s , 5 1, 334.

War of 1812.96. " "a re, P eter , 11 3.

'Varrcn , 58. \\' a sh ill gton, Gen. , 70.

H en ry, 299. \,,'ayI 3 I1d, J eremiah, JOI. " ' ebb's M Oll llta ill, i, 20. ,,'ebster . J ohn I..ce . 56.

'Vest 's S aw Mill Ru n, 68.

INDEX

•

Wheeler Road, 68.

White hall,22. \Vilkin SOIl , John , 56, 3-44.

Wirt. WilIiam , 20i.

Wolf Pit , 22.

Wolf Trap Branch, 22. "'olves,13.

Woodridge, 68.

•

W oods' Gap, 11,20, 63. \\'ood5' . Meetin g at James. 30.

Y ellow M ou ntain , 20.

YCTc-a in, J oh n , 358.

.,

•