Editor’s letter
The energy landscape is undergoing a rapid transformation, marked by innovation, sustainability, and a growing emphasis on clean energy solutions.
This issue delves deep into the heart of these changes, offering insights into the trends, challenges, and opportunities shaping Zimbabwe’s energy sector.
We are excited to announce the imminent arrival of electric vehicles from BYD, a game-changer for both public transport and industry.
Simultaneously, local industry stalwarts like Quality Gases celebrate a decade of excellence in industrial gas supply, while new players like Prompt Gas disrupt the LP gas market with innovative services.
PowerChina’s strides in renewable energy, with the erection of Zimbabwe’s first wind measurement tower, mark a pivotal moment in the country’s transition to cleaner energy sources.
The company’s ongoing work on the Hwange Power Station expansion is equally commendable, addressing the nation’s electricity needs.
As the climate crisis intensifies, the push for sustainable solutions grows stronger. We explore the potential of biofuels, the role of international cooperation in advancing green technologies, and the growing interest in green hydrogen.
This issue also highlights the importance of local businesses like CADAC, which are contributing to the energy
sector by offering high-quality products and services.
The upcoming Zimbabwe Agricultural Show presents a platform for showcasing innovations and fostering partnerships within the industry.
Metrology, the science of measurement, emerges as a cornerstone for both the energy and agricultural sectors.
Accurate measurement is essential for ensuring the efficiency and reliability of everything from renewable energy systems to agricultural production.
Calibration Technology Systems underscores the critical role of precision measurement in driving innovation and sustainability.
Ultimately, this edition underscores Zimbabwe’s potential to become a leader in the renewable energy space.
With initiatives like the UNDP grant for clean energy projects and the joint venture between Zesa and Management Services Company, the country is poised to harness its abundant solar resources.
As we explore the interplay between energy, agriculture, and metrology, we invite you to join us on this exciting journey towards a more sustainable and prosperous future.
Please follow us, Read, share and Enjoy the read!
BYD Zimbabwe Set to Revolutionise Transport with B12 Bus and Shark Pickup
Text by Farai Chaka
Electric Vehicle Centre Africa the official distributors of BYD Electric Vehicles in Zimbabwe is excited to announce the impending arrival of two groundbreaking electric vehicles: the BYD B12 EV bus and the BYD Shark pickup truck.
Expected to have hit the Zimbabwean market from November 2024, these models will definitely revolutionise both public transportation and industrial work across the country.
The B12 EV Bus
The BYD B12 EV bus will probably make the most significant on Zimbabwe's public transportation landscape.
As the first of its kind in Southern Africa, this 64-seater bus is poised to transform how 75% of Zimbabwe’s population travels daily.
Public transport in Zimbabwe is a critical lifeline and the introduction of a zero-emission, fully electric bus will significantly enhance this vital service.
With its state-of-the-art design, the B12 EV bus offers numerous benefits. Its massive 500kWh battery ensures a travel range of over 600 kilometres on a single charge, addressing any concerns about range anxiety.
This capability makes it ideal for both city commutes and longer intercity routes, providing a quiet, smooth and environmentally friendly ride.
The advanced Blade Battery technology not only extends range but also ensures safety and longevity, making the B12 a reliable choice for operators and passengers alike.
The bus’s arrival marks a pivotal moment for Zimbabwe, setting a new standard for public transport in the region.
By drastically cutting emissions and operational costs, the B12 EV bus promises to deliver cleaner air and quieter streets, aligning with global sustainability goals.
Its entry into the market truly reflects BYD's commitment to providing tailored solutions that meet local needs while fostering a greener future.
The BYD Shark
Alongside the B12 EV bus, Electric Vehicle Centre Africa (EVCA) is excited to introduce the Shark pickup truck.
This vehicle is designed to meet the rigorous demands of industrial work, making it an invaluable asset for sectors such as mining, energy or construction.
The BYD Shark's impressive specifications make it a powerhouse on wheels.
Equipped with dual electric motors that generate 320kW of power, the Shark can accelerate from 0-100km/h in just 5.7 seconds! Its versatile 29.58kWh battery provides a combined range of up to 840 kilometres so it can handle both urban and off-road environments with ease.
The plug-in hybrid capability offers up to 100 kilometres of pure electric driving, which significantly reduces fuel consumption and operational costs.
The Shark’s robust design is complemented by advanced technological features, including a 12.8-inch infotainment display and modern connectivity options. These enhancements make it not only a durable and efficient vehicle but also a smart and user-friendly choice for those in need of a highperformance, reliable truck.
BYD's Global Influence
BYD's introduction of these cutting-edge vehicles in Zimbabwe is part of a broader strategy to promote sustainable transportation worldwide.
Recently, BYD was announced as the official sponsor of the UEFA EURO 2024 football championship, making it the first Chinese automotive manufacturer to sponsor this prestigious event.
This sponsorship highlights BYD's global leadership in electric vehicle technology and its commitment to supporting major international events that align with its values of innovation and sustainability.
A Sustainable Vision for Zimbabwe
The impending arrival of BYD’s B12 EV bus and Shark pickup truck signals a transformative moment for Zimbabwe.
These vehicles are a symbol of a future where technology and sustainability are seamlessly integrated.
As luck would have it, Electric Vehicle Centre Africa’s initiative addresses
the immediate needs of Zimbabwe’s transport and industrial sectors while laying the groundwork for longterm environmental benefits.
Cool and Fun
As Electric Vehicle Centre Africa continues to develop infrastructure to support these electric vehicles, including the establishment of charging stations across key locations, the transition to electric mobility becomes increasingly viable.
They want to see to it that the adoption of BYD’s EVs is practical, convenient and sustainable.
The introduction of the B12 EV bus and Shark pickup truck will just the beginning of Electric Vehicle Centre Africa’s long term vision to revolutionise transportation in Zimbabwe and beyond.
For more information about Electric Vehicle Centre Africa and their products and services, visit https://evcafrica.net/
Contact Details
Address: 31 Airport Road Hatfield, Harare, Zimbabwe
Phone: +263 242 572 887 / +263 774 236 236
Email: sales@bydzimbabwe. co.zw
Smooth and Safe
A Decade of Quality Products and Services
Text by Farai Chaka
Quality Gases will be celebrating its tenth anniversary this year. Over these past ten years, they have gradually established themselves as a powerhouse when it comes to supplying industrial gases, welding machines and accessories therewith.
True to their famous tagline heard on the radio every now and then, they continue stocking high-quality products that exceed expectations, a goal they set out to accomplish right from the start.
Quality Gases has established a strong presence nationwide, with branches strategically located. Aggressive marketing techniques have been of much help too.
Apart from the wholesale and retail of LP gas and cylinders that they are mostly associated with, Quality
Gases is a top supplier of industrial gases such as acetylene, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, helium, hydrogen, nitrogen and nitrous dioxide.
These are some of the most essential gases used in various industrial applications from steelmaking, fabrication, automotive, welding and cutting, food and beverage production, mining to healthcare.
Theirs are certified gases - they are of the highest quality, meet industry standards and regulations meaning safety and efficiency is guaranteed.
In addition to the extensive gas offerings, be sure to find a broad range of machines and accessories to support your various welding operations.
Quality Gases has some of the best welding machines and accessories in stock, be it for MIG, TIG, stick or plasma welding.
They also have the right welding accessories and safety gear to complement, from helmets, gloves, electrodes, wires, nozzles to earth clamps, welding cables and MIG guns.
Again, Quality Gases’ machines and accessories are durable making them reliable for welding projects of any scale.
Quality Gases' steadfast commitment to quality has always set them apart from other players.
Their rigorous quality control measures ensure every product or accessory is tested and inspected before reaching customers.
This dedication is further validated by their achievement of three ISO certifications from the Standards Association of Zimbabwe, a clear testament to their unwavering focus on quality, environmental responsibility and occupational health and safety.
Furthermore, Quality Gases makes it a point to provide the best customer service, with a team of knowledgeable and experienced professionals ready to assist customers with gas or welding related inquiries. Whether it is aiding customers in selecting the right gas for their needs or offering technical support for welding machines, Quality Gases delivers personalised service tailored to meet each client's unique requirements.
For close to a decade now, Quality Gases has been the go-to choice for businesses and individuals seeking reliable gas and welding solutions. Whether you need industrial gases, top-tier welding machines or essential accessories, trust Quality Gases to consistently have products that not only meet but surpass your expectations.
UNDP Zimbabwe Secures Renewable Energy
Text by Farai Chaka
The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) secured a $1.5 million grant to help Zimbabwe accelerate access to sustainable, affordable and clean energy. This funding aligns with UNDP’s 2022-2025 strategic plan,
focusing on renewable energy transitions.
UNDP Zimbabwe is one organisation that has always been working towards expanding renewable energy solutions in Zimbabwe.
Working with the Ministry of Energy and Power Development, the Rural Electrification Fund and the Zimbabwe Energy Regulatory Agency, the grant targets the country’s critical energy needs, especially in rural areas.
The investment will primarily support solar and biogas projects. UNDP Zimbabwe has already shown success with such initiatives. For instance, last year alone, they installed solar systems at 19 health facilities and two pharmaceutical warehouses,
adding 10 mW to the health sector’s capacity. They also implemented climate-smart irrigation systems and off-grid energy kiosks, generating a combined 220 kW to support 64 local businesses.
Part of the $1.5 million purse will be used for feasibility studies of solar mini-grid projects. These studies are crucial for identifying viable sites making sure that the financial and technical
aspects of the projects are feasible. This will be supported by the Viability Gap Funding mechanism, designed to make renewable energy projects more attractive to investors.
UNDP’s strategy places great emphasis on empowering local communities. A notable example is the biogas project undertaken in 2023, which stands as the largest biogas project ever implemented in Southern Africa.
Through this initiative, local builders were equipped with the skills needed to construct and maintain biogas digesters. This not only created business opportunities and sellable skills for these builders but also provided sustainable
cooking fuel alternatives, thereby helping to reduce communities’ dependence on firewood.
This initiative supports UNDP’s broader goal to provide clean and affordable energy to 500 million people through strategic
partnerships by 2025. In Zimbabwe, where there is a significant urban-rural disparity in electricity access, such interventions are more than welcome. The National Renewable Energy Policy of 2019 highlighted the challenges of high
upfront and production costs for renewable energy projects. The UNDP’s funding addresses these challenges by subsidising up to 50% of the capital expenditure, in a way reducing the financial burden on developers and accelerating the deployment of renewable energy solutions.
It’s refreshing when the government and the private sector band together for initiatives of this magnitude. By developing and deploying renewable energy, the partnership aims to light up 500 households and institutions by the end of 2024. UNDP’s approach not only focuses on immediate energy needs but also on creating a sustainable framework that encourages private sector investment for long-term impact.
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Biofuel innovations and trends
Text by Michael Nott
The history of biofuels goes back for millennia. Wood used for cooking and heating can be considered biofuel as it converts solar energy and carbon captured in the wood in to heat and light.
However, when talking about biofuel in contemporary terms the word generally refers to gaseous and liquid fuels obtained from biological sources.
One the earliest examples of liquid biofuel is the use of refined vegetable oil used in
torches for lighting which was popular for centuries until the invention of electrical lighting.
Jumping to more recent times in 1900 Rudolph Diesel showcased the first diesel engine at the Paris World Exhibition running it on peanut oil – a biofuel.
This was a major innovation on the road to modern fuels. In another significant innovation in 1918 gasoline was first blended with alcohol to produce motor fuel.
By the 1970s and 80s biofuel was becoming recognised as an alternative or an additive to fossil fuel. As prices of oil continued to rise research and development of biofuels increased.
Modern environmental concerns also promoted the development of biofuels as they are considered greener than oil based fuels, (although there is some controversy around the production processes). Biofuels are generally
considered carbon neutral as the materials used have already captured carbon from the atmosphere when the feedstock was grown and biofuels emit fewer greenhouse gases when burned.
Wikipedia defines biofuel as, ‘fuel that is produced over a short time span from biomass, rather than by the very slow natural processes involved in the formation of fossil fuels such as oil. Biofuel can be produced from plants or from agricultural, domestic or industrial bio-waste.’
Biofuels can be classified in to four major groups according to how they are produced. First generation biofuels are those obtained from food crops for example biodiesel and bioethanol made from vegetable oil.
Second generation biofuel comes from organic waste that doesn’t compete with food production. It includes the use of used cooking oil and urban waste and thus is considered greener as it recycles existing materials and reduces dumping at landfills.
Second generation biofuels include renewable diesel (HVO), sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), biogas, and biomethane. The third and fourth generations of biofuel are major current trends; the area where major innovations are foreseen in the next few years as demands for cleaner and cheaper fuel alternatives increase.
Third generation biofuel is derived from algae and other aquatic plants that contain at least 50% natural oils. Senegal and Mauritania
are already researching the innovative use of Typha, an aquatic, invasive plant, to create biofuel. The use of algae and other aquatic plants still needs extensive research and innovation to become financially worthwhile on a commercial scale.
The fourth generation of biofuels are largely in the research phase of production. Scientist are looking into genetically modified micro-organisms including microalgae, yeast, fungus and cyanobacteria to photosynthesize CO2 into fuel. Continuous research into biofuels as an alternative to fossil fuel is an exciting trend that promises productive results in the near future.
The most common types of biofuel are biodiesel considered a sustainable fuel; renewable diesel usually made from vegetable oil: biogas used for cooking and heating; bioethanol used as an additive to petrol and diesel; biobutanol which can be used an additive or as a replacement for oil based fossil fuels, and biomethane which can replace natural gas. It can be used to generate electricity and power vehicles.
An exciting current trend is the increasing use of biofuel in some of the most polluting sectors of the transport industry –shipping, road and rail. The aviation sector is a major contributor to global warming so the trend to create innovative sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) using biofuels is crucial.
The Zimbabwean economy has benefitted from biofuel for decades. Green Fuel (Pvt) Ltd began producing smaller quantities of bioethanol in 2011. After major ongoing expansion projects, they now produce around 120 million litres of ethanol annually
plus, once their current expansion is completed, the plant is forecast to produce up to 225 MW of electricity for an estimated 225,000 homes in urban and rural areas.
They have two estates and based in the South East of the country, in Chisumbange and Middle Sabi, and a state of the art factory in Chipinge. At the factory sugar cane is processed in to ethanol as an additive to petrol. Besides Green Fuel’s ethanol plant there is a growing trend in government to encourage contract farmers to grow jatropha crops for processing into biodiesel. The project is expected to assist with poverty alleviation in some rural areas.
The Future Of Biofuels In Zimbabwe Looks Bright
Southern African-German Chamber Of Commerce Partners With Critical Mineral Africa (Cma) For 2024 Summit
Text by Martin Chemhere
German technologies and funding have been instrumental in advancing the critical minerals value chain in Southern Africa. In January 2024, the German Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development initiated a call for proposals from South African green hydrogen project developers to access grants from its €270-million ($292 million) Power-to-X Development Fund.
The funding will play a crucial role in helping South Africa maximize the exploitation of its platinum group metals (PGMs)which account for over 80% of the global reserves - for green hydrogen application. Amid rising interest by German entities in investing
in Africa’s critical mineral value chain, the Southern African-German Chamber of Commerce and Industry (AHK Southern Africa) has once again partnered with Critical Mineral Africa (CMA) Summit – taking place November 6-7 in Cape Town.
The Critical Minerals Africa 2024 summit on November 6-7 serves to position Africa as the primary investment destination for critical minerals.
The event is held alongside the African Energy Week: Invest in African Energy 2024 conference on November 4 - 8, offering delegates access to the full scope of energy, mining and finance leaders in Cape Town.
Part of a global network of German Chambers of Commerce Abroad, AHK Southern Africa supports German-based companies in establishing and expanding their business relations across the southern African region. In the critical minerals industry, the chamber supports businesses looking at investing in projects across
the value chain, including associated industries such as energy, logistics and infrastructure development. German companies have been gradually increasing their investments in southern Africa, given the region’s rich mineral reserves and growing global demand for clean energy technologies.
In February 2024, German automaker BMW launched a pilot program for its hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles in South Africa in collaboration with mining firm Anglo American and global energy company Sasol. Anglo American will supply PGMs for green hydrogen production while Sasol will establish green
hydrogen electrolyzers. Sasol has partnered with BMW to develop EV charging infrastructure.
Meanwhile, in July 2023, AHK Southern Africa and German development agency Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit hosted
a delegation from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)’s mining industry in Johannesburg. The workshop focused on best practices to enhance cooperation on community development and business opportunities between German firms and the DRC’s mining sector - which holds the world’s largest cobalt reserves and significant
copper, lithium, nickel and rare earth resources.
In February 2023, German manufacturer RÄDER VOGEL partnered with industrial distributor VGL Africa. VGL Africa became the exclusive distribution partner for the company regarding industrial products and engineering solutions for mining applications across Southern Africa.
These include supporting clients such as mining and exploration firm Harmony Gold, Anglo American, Sasol and multinational steel producer ArcelorMittal.
These projects represent just some of the many investments by German companies kicking off across the regional mineral value chain. During CMA
2024, AHK Southern Africa will participate in exclusive networking sessions and project showcases, highlighting investments prospects for German funders within Africa’s burgeoning critical mineral sector.
“Germany is fostering sustainable development and fast-tracking the global energy transition by advancing southern Africa’s critical mineral landscape. As Africa’s market for energy transition metals expands, lucrative opportunities for German companies continue to increase,” stated Rachelle Kasongo, Project Director at CMA-organizer Energy Capital&Power.
Green Hydrogen The Sustainable Future Of Renewable Energy
Text by Michael Nott
Due to the severity of climate change and extreme weather, largely attributed to human caused global warming, there has been a surge of interest in recent years in cleaner, renewable and sustainable energy solutions.
Polluting fossil fuels like oil and gas raise the level of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, in particular carbon dioxide, contributing hugely to the climate crisis. Internationally there have been several proposals to reach carbon zero by 2050 in order to attempt to halt or reverse global warming patterns.
This has led to a rise in the development of alternative energy sources and the implementation of renewable energy project.
Solar power has received a lot of attention and the industry
has grown extremely rapidly, so much so that it has gone from a novelty to an everyday energy source.
It’s no longer focused on industrial applications and now most homes, schools,
hospitals and other institutions have solar geysers, solar powered lights and solar batteries as a backup or as their main power source.
Wind power and hydro power are being exploited to provide substantial benefits. Electric vehicles with lithium ion batteries are beginning to rival he popularity of petrol or diesel powered vehicles.
Systems using biomass and the resulting biogas are being successfully developed, although the advances are fairly slow and not as widespread or on the same scale as solar systems.
Green hydrogen has been touted as the most exciting and viable alternative to fossil fuel produced energy as it is infinitely renewable, sustainable and totally nonpolluting.
According to ACCIONA, who define themselves as a global group that develops and manages sustainable infrastructure solutions, especially in renewable energy, “Green hydrogen will go down in history as a new revolution”.
What is green hydrogen, how is it produced and how is it used?
Green hydrogen is defined as hydrogen produced from
the electrolysis of water using only renewable energy sources so there are zero emissions. (Grey or blue hydrogen is not considered as sustainable as it is produced using fossil fuel energy sources such as natural gas or coal.)
Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe so it’s use is eminently sustainable – but it is seldom found alone, it is generally in combination with other elements like oxygen in the form of H2O or water.
Green hydrogen is produced through the electrolysis of
water using an electrical current derived from renewable sources such as solar, wind power, hydro or geothermal power.
The H2O molecule is split in to hydrogen and oxygen. Oxygen is the only byproduct of the process and is non-polluting and does not contribute to global warming.
Green hydrogen has a number of uses in many different fields including manufacturing and industry, transportation, energy production, energy storage and for domestic heating and cooking.
It’s already being used in the industrial sector to produce chemicals like ammonia, fertilisers and ‘green steel’, glass and cement.
With further research and development, the role of hydrogen in heavy transport like aviation, shipping, trains and road transport is increasing.
Honda, Hyundai and Toyota have started producing cars powered by hydrogen fuel cells although further improvements are required as well as a network of hydrogen fuelling stations.
Fuel cells are similar to batteries – energy is produced by combing hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity, water and a small amount of heat.
For example, solar power during the day can be used to make green hydrogen, and then at night when the sun goes down, grid operators can switch to the fuel cell set up.
As they operate independently from the grid fuel cells can be used in remote areas, in the military
Fuel cells can be used to power anything that uses electricity like cars, electrical devices and domestic appliances.
On a larger scale fuel cells could produce enough clean electricity to power towns and cities.
Hydrogen can also be used as an energy storage system. Once its produced hydrogen can be stored for long periods of time in gas or liquid form and then converted to electricity through fuel cells as needed.
Hydrogen fuel cells can work in conjunction with the power grid and support other clean energy systems.
field or in disaster zones to provide essential consistent electricity and heat. Green hydrogen offers enormous potential for energy production in Africa.
In 2022 Egypt, Kenya, Mauritania, Morocco, Namibia and South Africa established the Green
Hydrogen Alliance to further explore the potential of green hydrogen production. In exciting news for Zimbabwe ZETDC has signed a Memorandum of Understanding with French energy giant HDF Energy to establish a green hydrogen plant in Manicaland in the Chipinge district.
The plant will provide green energy continuously feeding in to the main grid and is expected to help the country’s ongoing power woes in a sustainable way. The project will support Zimbabwe’s efforts to diversify power production as water levels at the main power generator at Kariba fluctuate and the Hwange Power Station is in need of upgrading.
It is expected that the project’s annual electricity production will reach 178 GWh which will be a significant contribution to the county’s requirements.
CADAC
Bringing You Comprehensive Lpg Gas Solutions
CADAC, a wholly Zimbabwean-owned company under the Anifar Investment (Pvt) Ltd umbrella, specializes in a diverse range of commodities and services. Bridging the gap between manufacturers and consumers, CADAC delivers high-quality offerings directly to clients at competitive prices.
With a skilled workforce capable of addressing various client needs, the company aims to become a globally recognized leader in its industry. CADAC's vision encompasses domestic and international market penetration, including the importation of necessary products not produced locally.
A commitment to exceptional service and nearcost pricing underpins the company's mission.
CADAC's service portfolio includes comprehensive LPG system installations for commercial, residential, and domestic settings, coupled with LPG heater installations, equipment servicing, and bulk retail
gas delivery. They also have available a workshop for repairs and mobile repairs manned by highly skilled staff, which are some of their competitive advantages.
“CADAC's product range is extensive, encompassing commercial press grills, back pot sets, fire lighters, gas lamps, gas tanks, gas stoves, industrial-grade grills,
stainless steel cookware, shawarma machines, camping equipment, gas irons, and more,” said Munyaradzi Nyandoro, Technical Director. “We also have incorporated IT in systems and services so to keep abreast of advanced trends in technology.”
A dedicated CADAC LPG equipment retail shop offers a wide array of LPG products for diverse applications. With branches strategically located in Ruwa, Damofalls, Goromonzi, Gweru, Harare (CBD and Graniteside), Borrowdale, Bulawayo, Mutare, and Seke, the company ensures widespread accessibility to its services.
The company's collaboration with professionals from various sectors and industries has fostered strong working relationships.
Testament to CADAC's reliability and service excellence is its impressive client roster, including prominent names such as Nyaradzo Group, Proton Bakers, Ilala Lodge, Matusadona National Park, Fastjet, OK Zimbabwe, Bon Marche, First Pack, Aurex Private Limited, Econet Wireless, Food Lovers Market, Koala Butchery, and Darwizi.
CADAC, a cornerstone of Anifar Investment (Pvt) Ltd, stands as a testament to Zimbabwean enterprise and commitment to excellence. With a diverse product range and comprehensive services, the company has solidified its position as a key player in the local market.
Their dedicated and skilled workforce, coupled with an extensive branch network, enables the company to cater to the needs of clients across the country.
The company's impressive clientele, including both individual and corporate entities, underscores its reliability and trustworthiness.
As CADAC continues to expand its reach, its vision of becoming a globally recognized supplier is well within grasp.
CONTACTS: 16, Seke Road, Graniteside Harare, Zimbabwe
Phones: +263772341558
+263772712143
+263715210967
www.cadaclpgas.co.zw anifarinvest@gmail.com cadac.service@gmail.com
Why You Should Trust Glorified Welders For Your Next Project
Text by Farai Chaka
A driven team of 12, Glorified Welders T/a Evite has the capacity to undertake any kind of welding. The engineering outfit has been steadily setting the standard high in the welding business from their workshop out in Workington.
Founded by qualified welder Mr. Kapurura over ten years back, they have earned quite a reputation for top tier welding and other complementary services.
They have welding solutions for everything from fuel tankers, cast iron, aluminium, mild steel, stainless steel, suspension systems and other alloys.
TiG welding, which is known for its precision and strength and is particularly sought after, and Glorified Welders excels in this area. Their expertise in TiG, MiG, ARC and gas welding means they can handle any project, no matter how complex.
This expertise also extends to machining, milling works, valve lapping and repairs and pneumatic systems. This makes Glorified Welders’ workshop a one stop shop for all welding, fabrication and machining.
A chunk of their success can be attributed to the fact that they make it a point to acquire the latest equipment and tools.
They recently added Kemppi and Fronius machines for TIG and MIG welding along with a state of the art lathe machine. Kemppi machines are renowned for their portability,
user-friendly interfaces and high-quality welding results. These machines come with multiple welding programs and intelligent parameter settings, which simplify the welding process thus enhancing productivity. This combination of advanced machines means that Glorified Welders is bound to deliver the expected results
on everytime. According to Mr. Kapurura, the key differentiators are the superior quality of their machines, the exceptional outcomes of their work, their
team's expertise and their quick turnaround times.
He says that clients can trust that their projects will be completed promptly without compromising on quality.
Additionally, Glorified Welders provides clients peace of mind by offering guarantees on their work.
Glorified Welders’ reputation has attracted high-profile clients like Puma and Calbro, who have them on retainer.
A handful of companies from across Africa have also been drawn to the specialised welding service they render.
This wide client base was built off the strength of their
outstanding work and the trust they have cultivated over the years.
In an industry where precision and reliability are of the essence, Glorified Welders has positioned themselves well. Their focus on quality, coupled with their use of cutting-edge technology, ensures they remain at the forefront of the welding industry. Again, the team’s dedication to continuous improvement and customer satisfaction drive their success and easily makes them a preferred choice for businesses needing specialised welding solutions.
Kapurura's vision for Glorified Welders was born from recognising a gap in the
market for specialised welding services, particularly for fuel tankers.
Over the past ten years, this vision has been realised through hard work, innovation and steadfastness to excellence. The company’s growth and the trust they have earned from clients across the continent are proof of their welding expertise.
For those seeking reliable, high-quality welding, Glorified Welders offers the best service in the industry. Their expansive range of services, state-of-the-art equipment and commitment to quality make them the preferred company for any welding or machining project. By choosing Glorified
Welders, you can be confident they are receiving the best in the industry.
To learn more about Glorified Welders and how they can meet your welding needs, contact them on the numbers provided.
Their team is ready to provide the exact first-rate service and quality that have made them a trusted name in the business.
Glorified Welders T/A Evite 19 Nuffield Road
Workington, Harare
Cell: +263733747938
+263773987715
+263712394494
Tel: +263 242662177
Construction Of Permanent Gas Distribution Depots Across Zimbabwe
Text by Martin Chemhere
Verify Engineering, a Zimbabwean technology development company, is making significant strides in establishing a nationwide gas distribution network. This initiative is poised to greatly benefit the country's healthcare and industrial sectors.
Operating under the Ministry of Higher and Tertiary Education, Science and Technology Development, Verify Engineering (VE) is spearheading the construction of permanent gas distribution depots across Zimbabwe. This move aligns perfectly with the national push towards decentralizing essential services, particularly those impacting healthcare.
Reports suggest Harare will be the first city to receive a distribution depot, followed by a rollout to other urban centers.
This broader network will significantly enhance gas accessibility throughout the country. VE has already established a national presence through direct operations and partnerships with designated agencies, ensuring comprehensive coverage.
The company's existing plant in Feruka, Mutare, is operating at full capacity after the successful commissioning of two additional plants in 2021 and 2022.
This expansion demonstrates VE's commitment to meeting the nation's growing gas demands.
Beyond gas distribution, the company is showcasing its technological prowess in diverse fields. The company boasts a functional solar plant, signifying its venture into solar energy production.
Additionally, they have embarked on lithium battery production, aiming to add value to Zimbabwe's rich mineral resources and maximize revenue generation. VE's reach extends beyond its borders. The company has successfully installed gas tanks in Beira, Chimoio, and Tete, Mozambique. This demonstrates their potential to become a regional player in the gas distribution sector.
Established in 2005 under the Ministry of Higher and Tertiary Education,
Innovation, Science and Technology Development, VE has seen a surge in activity under the current government. The "Second Republic," as it's referred to, has actively positioned it as a key driver of technological advancement and application within Zimbabwe.
Focusing on gas distribution, renewable energy, and value-added mineral processing, has enabled VE to shape a brighter future for Zimbabwe's economy and technological landscape.
Prompt Gas: Bringing LP Gas Straight to Your Doorstep
Text by Farai Chaka
Prompt Gas has quite an innovative approach to LP gas wholesaling. As a company intent on bringing convenience, efficiency and reliability across Harare, for now, Prompt Gas is redefining how people access and use gas.
By prioritising customer needs and embracing a service-oriented model, they are transforming the LP gas market and making gas easier to procure than ever before.
Their gas cylinder exchange program is something to
look out for as it will surely take off. Where carrying heavy gas cylinders to filling stations is the norm, Prompt Gas is offering a refreshing alternative. When you run out of gas, you simply call Prompt Gas, specify the amount you need and have
a pre-filled tank delivered straight to your doorstep. Your empty tank is collected at the same time, eliminating the need for customers to lug heavy cylinders over long distances. This service is not only convenient but also a step forward in the local LP gas market.
As Mr. Patsika, CEO of Prompt Gas, puts it, "No one is happy with carrying that gas cylinder. If there was a way they wouldn't want to carry it especially over a long distance."
Prompt Gas is also trying to provide a seamless and efficient customer experience through their dial-a-delivery program.
This initiative sees customers in various areas of Harare receiving their gas promptly, thanks to their genius network of salespersons representing specific areas.
This localised approach minimises delivery time so that customers are never left waiting.Transparency is at the forefront of Prompt Gas's business model.
In a market where shortchanging on the quality and quantity of gas is a common issue, Prompt Gas guarantees their clients receive exactly what they pay for. This commitment to integrity builds trust and assures customers of the reliability of their products and services. You can rest easy knowing that with Prompt Gas, you are getting the right quality and quantity of gas every time.
Prompt Gas's long term vision extends beyond immediate convenience and quality assurance.
They are always trying to expand their reach and ensure that more people in Harare have easy access to LPG.
If an area lacks a nearby gas retail store, residents can contact Prompt Gas to request a survey.
They will assess the area and if there is sufficient demand, they will establish a retail store to serve that community.
These strategies are a breath of fresh air in an industry that has long been associated with inconvenience and inefficiency.
Prompt Gas’s model is designed with the customer
in mind, making sure that every interaction is smooth, delivery is timely and every product meets the highest standards of quality.
The benefits of choosing Prompt Gas are quite clear and the two year old company is poised for significant growth.
Their brand of innovation, customer
service, transparency and commitment to quality sets them apart in the saturated LP gas market.
Switch to Prompt if you are looking for a reliable and convenient gas provider. It is time you experience the convenience you have always wished for.
Dubai Based Investors Set To Construct Cable Making Plant In Zimbabwe
Text by Martin Chemhere
Leaders in Zimbabwe are excited about a new joint venture with Dubai-based investors that will see a US$25 million transmission cable manufacturing plant built in Harare.
This project is expected to create jobs, boost the economy, and significantly aid the country's rural electrification drive.
The partnership involves Zesa Enterprises (Pvt) Ltd from Zimbabwe and
Management Services Company from the United Arab Emirates. President Mnangagwa himself expressed his enthusiasm for the project on social media, highlighting the job creation and economic benefits it will bring.
Government officials view this as a major milestone towards achieving their ambitious goal of nationwide electrification by 2030. The UAE partner, the Office of His Highness Sheikh Ahmed Bin Faisal Al-Qassimi, has
reportedly been in Zimbabwe for five years, and this joint venture marks their first major investment there. The UAE office has a global presence with headquarters in Southern Africa located in Zimbabwe.
Looking beyond the cable plant, officials have hinted at plans for a future smart meter factory. The long-term vision, together with ZESA Holdings, is to electrify schools in remote areas and provide not only connectivity but also devices like laptops and tablets to equip students for a world-class education.
Zimbabwean officials are confident that the joint venture will significantly upgrade the country's electricity infrastructure. The plant is anticipated to produce cables crucial for not only industrial manufacturing but also agricultural development. An additional benefit is the transfer of technology and expertise to ZESA Enterprises staff.
The project is expected to have a ripple effect throughout the economy. Those involved in mining, cable manufacturing, and related downstream industries stand to gain significantly.
Local copper mines will have a ready market for their product, and there will be ample job opportunities created for Zimbabweans.
Overall, this joint venture between Zimbabwe and the United Arab Emirates is seen as a positive step forward for the nation's development.
It has the potential to create jobs, bolster the economy, improve infrastructure, and empower future generations through rural electrification and educational initiatives.
Calibration Technology Systems The Art and Science of Metrology
By Michael Nott
Metrology deals with the study and application of measurements – not to be confused with meteorology, the study and the prediction of weather patterns! According to NPL UK (National Physical Laboratory UK), “Metrology covers the accuracy, precision and repeatability of a measurement. It involves traceability or comparison with a ‘standard’ or between different measuring systems.”
For example, any unit of measurement must conform to international specifications – a meter or a litre should be identical whether measured in Zimbabwe, France or the USA.
Measuring systems are never perfect – they are subject to environmental variations such as temperature, pressure and humidity and so measuring instruments must be calibrated – the art of metrology.
Comparisons can be used to set standards that are traceable and repeatable. Measuring instruments need to be calibrated (checked) to ensure that they are as accurate as possible. There are three main areas of calibration services.
Scientific or laboratory metrology is concerned with the establishment and standardisation of units of measurement.
Industrial metrology focuses on the specifications and dimensions of manufactured products as well as quality control.
Legal metrology is the enforcement sector dealing with the regulation and statutory requirements for measuring instruments and methods of measurement.
In effect it deals with the enforcement of the government’s Trade Measures Act ensuring measurements of volume, mass and length and correctly assessed.
Maxwell Makamba, founder of Calibration Technology Systems, is a leading expert in the field with many years of training and experience. The company specialises in the measurement of fluids, in particular fuels like petrol and diesel.
Their scope of work focuses on volumetric calibration primarily for fuel dispensing pumps at service stations, fuel storage tanks – ensuring that the volume of fuel dispensed correlates to the amount of fuel remaining in the tank – loading and unloading of road tankers to ensure that no fuel is lost in transport, Coriolis and Electromagnetic flowmeters and water meters.
Makamba initially studied at the Harare Polytech and achieved a Bachelor of Technology degree in 1993 where he developed his passion for metrology.
He later joined the Trade Measures Office under the Ministry of Industry and Commerce. He underwent further training becoming an Inspector of Trade Measures
He joined NDT (Non Destructive Testing) and became the Calibration Supervisor. After many years of working experience he set up Calibration Technology Services in 2019.
A major area of their work is checking and calibrating the fuel dispensing pumps at service stations. They use carefully assessed 5 and 20 litres tanks to measure the amount of fuel dispensed and ensure that it correlates with the amount shown on the pump. Errors of 0.5% are permitted but only in excess in order to protect the public.
Once the pump meter has been correctly adjusted and calibrated a seal is fitted to ensure that there is no tampering with the meter after the inspector has left.
If the pump needs to be repaired only an accredited technician can break the seal and then the dispensing pump needs to checked and calibrated again and a new seal fitted.
Commercial pumps need to be calibrated at least once a year or on request by the owner or a member of the public.
Underground fuel storage tanks are similarly calibrated to ensure the amount of fuel dispensed matches the amount of fuel left in the tank.
By not returning the dispensing nozzle to the pump, which automatically returns the pump reading to zero, service station attendants can effectively illegally swindle customers out of the correct of amount of fuel for their own benefit.
Measurements of the amount of fuel in the tank are taken several times with dip sticks and calculations are made to ensure the quantities tally up correctly.
Calibration Technology Services also holds training courses for fuel attendants at service stations, mines, transport companies and other institutions to ensure that best practices are adhered to.
Attendants are trained, amongst other things, to calculate the quantity of fuel taking into account temperature variations. Liquids expand when it’s hot and contract when it’s colder so calculations need to compensate for temperature fluctuations.
Underground tanks need to be calibrated at least every ten years to account for the tanks tilting or subsiding underground which would make dip measurements inaccurate. They also need to be pressure tested to ensure there is no leakage.
Road tankers need to be similarly inspected at least every two years and the pump meters used for loading and unloading calibrated to ensure no fuel is lost in transit. Road tankers generally have their tanks divided into several compartments with a pipe or manifold connecting the different compartments to a single outlet for offloading.
The quantity of fuel in the compartments is calculated in similar way to underground tanks with dipsticks. Sometimes an Ullage bar is used in conjunction with a dip stick. An Ullage bar measures the empty space in a tank to calculate the amount
of fuel in each section. It’s considered more accurate than a dipstick and calibration needs to be confirmed by an inspector.
Once a tanker is loaded the outlet is closed with a seal to ensure there’s no tampering until the tanker is ready to be unloaded. However, some enterprising drivers worked out a way to open the outlet valve without breaking the seal by unbolting the handle which opens the valve.
They were then able to able to drain fuel from the manifold without affecting the amount of fuel in the tanks. Makamba came up with a simple and ingenious way of preventing this leakage by tack welding the bolts on the handle so it can’t be opened without breaking the seal. This has saved transport companies substantial amounts of money
The National Metrology Institute of Zimbabwe (Custodian of National Measurement Standards) sets the parameters for measuring units with the greatest degree of accuracy – they are affiliated to the South African National Standards.The NMI sets National Standards which in turn set local working standards which are verified every year.
According to Wikipedia, metrology has a wide ranging impact on our daily lives, “including economics, energy, environment, health, manufacturing, industry and consumer confidence. The effects of metrology on trade and economy are some of the easiest-observed societal impacts. To facilitate fair trade, there must be an agreed-upon system of measurement.”
New Era For Zimbabwe With First Wind Measurement Tower
Text by Martin Chemhere
Power Construction Corporation of China (PowerChina) has taken a significant stride towards harnessing Zimbabwe's wind energy potential.
The first wind measurement tower now stands tall in the Mamina Hills of Chivhu, Mashonaland East Province.
This crucial structure serves as a data collection point, meticulously measuring wind speed and direction over a sustained period.
The information gleaned will be instrumental in determining the feasibility and optimal positioning of a future 100 MW wind power station in the area.
Wind energy is a rapidly growing renewable energy source around the world, lauded for its clean and sustainable nature.
It harnesses the power of moving air to generate electricity through wind turbines. Africa, with its vast and often windy landscapes, holds immense potential for wind energy development. Several countries on the continent have already embraced this technology. Morocco, for instance, boasts the continent's largest wind farm, the gigantic Noor Ouarzazate complex. In Kenya, the Lake Turkana Wind Power Station stands as a testament to the nation's commitment to clean energy.
Beyond Africa, countries like Denmark, Germany, and the United States have become leaders in wind energy production, integrating it into their national grids and reducing their reliance on fossil fuels.
The wind measurement tower in Chivhu marks a promising step for Zimbabwe as it joins the global movement towards a greener future.
PowerChina has built major projects in Zimbabwe, including Units 7 and 8 of the Hwange Power Station Expansion Project (2×335 MW), which is the largest thermal power station in Zimbabwe.
They were honoured with the "Excellent Contribution Award" by the Zimbabwe Power Company.This is Zimbabwe's largest infrastructure initiative in nearly 30 years, and is also the first investment-constructionoperation integration project undertaken by PowerChina in Africa.
During construction of the Hwange project, PowerChina had to overcome a variety of challenges and successfully achieve significant milestones, including the grid connection and power generation of Units 7 and 8, as well as a continuous 168-hour fullload trial operation. These accomplishments have earned high praise for the company from the Zimbabwean government and the project owners.
The Hwange Power Station now meets 50 percent of Zimbabwe's national electricity demand, significantly alleviating electricity shortages throughout the country. It has not only provided thousands of jobs for local people but also improved the standard of living for residents, contributing to Zimbabwe's rapid economic development.
PowerChina is an integrated construction group that provides investment and financing, planning design, engineering construction, equipment manufacturing, and operation management for clean and low-carbon energy, water resources, environmental construction, and infrastructure.
Centring on hydroelectricity and electric power, the company has established its presence in diversified market segments featuring "comprehensive civil engineering and large construction," with integrated business development ranging from water environment management, smart cities, rail transit projects, and municipal engineering to residential buildings.
As one of the world's largest power construction enterprises with the most integrated industrial chains, PowerChina has business in more than 130 countries and regions around the world and has delivered a series of industry-leading and high-quality projects over the years, attracting the keen interest and attention of customers from all over the world.
ZAS 114 -a Must-Attend for Energy Companies
Text by Farai Chaka
The 2024 Zimbabwe Agricultural Show organised by the Zimbabwe Agricultural Society, is set to take place from 26 August to 31 August. This annual event, held in Harare, is a key platform for the agricultural community and related industries, attracting an average of over 200,000 visitors and numerous exhibitors each year.
This year they are running with the theme of Cultivating Prosperity: Growing Business. Innovating for Change. Nurturing Our Future which means that the exhibition will certainly provide huge opportunities for networking, business growth and showcasing innovations across various sectors.
As an event that traditionally brings together a diverse array of stakeholders, including over 550 commercial exhibitors and 700 farmers, the Zimbabwe Agricultural Show presents a prime opportunity for companies in the energy and power sector. Solar companies, manufacturers of energy equipment, fuel suppliers etcetera can leverage this event to connect with the agricultural community, which is increasingly in need of sustainable and reliable energy solutions.
Agriculture and energy are intrinsically linked, with energy being a core input for various agricultural processes such as irrigation, processing and storage.
The Zimbabwe Agricultural Show’s focus on innovation and business growth aligns well with the goals of players in the energy sector aiming to introduce new technologies and solutions to the market for the ease of farmers.
For instance, solar power can provide intricate off-grid solutions for farms, reducing dependence on erratic electricity supplies and getting closer to energy independence. Exhibitors from the energy and power sector will now have to demonstrate how their products and services boost agricultural productivity, sustainability and profitability.
ZAS 114 will feature various sections, including agriculture, energy, tourism, mining and information technology. This interdisciplinary approach ensures that attendees and exhibitors can explore synergies and collaborations across different fields.
The energy section will be a focal point for energy companies to display their latest products, engage with potential clients and participate in discussions on the future of energy in agriculture.
For companies in the energy and power sector, participating in the Zimbabwe Agricultural Show should not just be about marketing their products but more about building transformational relationships with the agricultural community.
Engaging with farmers and agricultural businesses at this event can lead to new partnerships, increased brand visibility and more firsthand information on power needs and challenges faced by the sector, which they will now proffer solutions for.
Solar Energy: A Beacon for Sustainable Agriculture
The agricultural sector, a cornerstone of global economies, is a voracious consumer of energy. Conventional fossil fuels, the primary energy source for this sector, are finite and contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions. This article delves into the burgeoning role of solar energy in agriculture, examining its applications, benefits, challenges, and the broader implications for a sustainable future.
Solar Energy in Agriculture: A Growing Force
The utilisation of solar energy in agriculture is experiencing rapid growth. Its applications span irrigation, lighting, heating, cooling, and drying processes. By harnessing the sun's energy, farmers can reduce reliance on grid electricity, lower production costs, and mitigate environmental impacts.
Irrigation: Solar-powered pumps are increasingly popular, especially in regions with abundant sunlight but limited grid infrastructure. These systems efficiently lift water from wells or rivers, optimizing water usage and crop yields.
Lighting: Solar-powered lights are essential for extending daylight hours in greenhouses, enabling year-round cultivation. They also enhance security on farms and reduce electricity consumption.
Heating and Cooling: Solar thermal systems can provide heat for greenhouses, livestock shelters, and drying processes. Additionally, solar-powered cooling systems can maintain optimal temperatures for perishable products.
Drying: Solar dryers are effective for preserving crops like grains, fruits, and vegetables. They reduce post-harvest losses and maintain product quality.
Economic and Environmental Benefits
The adoption of solar energy in agriculture offers substantial economic and environmental advantages. By generating electricity on-site, farmers can reduce their energy bills and hedge against rising electricity costs. Moreover, solar energy systems have long lifespans and require minimal maintenance, leading to long-term cost savings.
From an environmental perspective, solar energy is a clean and renewable resource that helps mitigate climate change. By reducing greenhouse gas emissions, agriculture can contribute to a more sustainable future. Additionally, solarpowered irrigation can optimize water usage, addressing water scarcity concerns in many regions.
Challenges and Opportunities
While the potential of solar energy in agriculture is immense, several challenges persist. Initial investment costs for solar systems can be high, although declining technology prices are making them more accessible.
Intermittency of sunlight remains a concern, necessitating energy storage solutions like batteries. Despite these challenges, the global push for renewable energy presents significant opportunities for the agriculture sector. Governments and international organizations are increasingly supporting solar energy initiatives through subsidies, research, and development.
The Road Ahead
The integration of solar energy into the agricultural value chain is crucial for building a sustainable and resilient food system. To accelerate adoption, continued research and development are essential to improve solar technologies and reduce costs. Additionally, supportive policies and financial incentives can create a favorable environment for farmers to invest in solar energy.
Furthermore, addressing the challenges of energy storage and grid integration is vital for maximizing the benefits of solar energy. By overcoming these hurdles, the agriculture sector can unlock its full potential and contribute to a cleaner, more prosperous future.
Solar energy is rapidly transforming the agriculture landscape. Its ability to power essential farm operations while reducing environmental impacts makes it a
compelling choice for farmers worldwide. As technology advances and costs decline, solar energy is poised to become an indispensable tool for sustainable agriculture.
By embracing this clean and renewable resource, the agriculture sector can enhance its productivity, profitability, and environmental stewardship.
Introduction
Water melons are a simple crop to grow and generally thrive in hot and humid climatic regions.
Water melons in Zimbabwe are generally consumed by all sections of society and are quickly gaining popularity with health activists.
Marketing water melons is generally easy as commercial entities and informal vegetable markets easily retail the crop.
In a country engulfed with liquidity challenges, one may consider water melons as an alternative stream of income source.
Climatic requirements
Water melons are generally sensitive to cold temperatures and even a mild frost can severely damage the crop. The best average temperature range for water melon production during the growing season is between 18oC and 35oC.
Temperatures above 35oC or below 10oC will slow the growth and maturation of the crop. Watermelon production requires a long and warm growing season with a reliable water supply that ensures the crop develops without water stress.
Soil requirements and preparation
Water melons require well-drained soils with good aeration and moisture retention. A timely addition of well composted organic
material, will assist in obtaining the ideal soil structure. A slight acid to nuetral pH (6.5-7.0) in the soil, provides best growing conditions. Work the soil deeply to create optimal conditions for root development.
Watermelons grow best on non-saline sandy loam or silt loam soils. Fields with light textured soils warm up faster in the spring and are, therefore, favoured for early production.
Further research studies indicate an association between high leaf manganese concentration and poor growth and yield of water melon. Seedlings of water melons react to manganese toxicity with stunted growth and yellowish, crinkled leaves.
Older plants generally exhibit spots on leaves that may be mistaken for symptoms of gummy stem blight. Manganese toxicity is usually associated with soils having a pH below 5.5. However, in wet seasons
the condition may occur at higher pH levels. This condition was also noted in several water melon fields with pH ranges at 5.8 or slightly higher when the crop was planted on the flat. Planting water melons and other cucurbits on a bed is good insurance against manganese toxicity during a wet season. The best solution to manganese toxicity is to apply lime in autumn at rates based on the results of a soil test. A pH of 6.0 should be maintained for maximum yields.
Very sandy soils have limited water holding capacities and must be carefully irrigated and fertilised to allow for high yield potential.
Clay soils are generally avoided for water melon culture, but they can be productive if irrigated with care to prevent prolonged saturation of the root zone (a condition that favours the development of root rot pathogens) and to allow good drainage between irrigations.
The soil should have a pH of 5.8 to 6.6.
Soil preparation and fertilizer application well in advance of planting promotes improved seed bed moisture and firmness.
In addition to ploughing and disking, use of a chisel plow or subsoil tillage implement beneath the row promotes deeper rooting in soils having a compacted layer. It should also be pulverised and levelled. Water melon is sensitive to manganese toxicity, a frequent problem in low-pH soils.
Variety Selection
Selecting a suitable watermelon variety or varieties is among the most important decisions made by a producer. Planting a variety not suited for the available market and particular production situation leads to lower profits or possibly an enterprise failure.
For example, some varieties popular for local sales are not suitable for juice processing. In addition to market acceptability, a variety must have acceptable yield, be adapted to the production area, and have high levels available of certain disease resistance features.
Light green and gray-green watermelons are less subject to sunburn injury than dark green and striped varieties. Resistance to races of Fusarium wilt and anthracnose diseases is an important varietal characteristic to consider.
Most varieties have varying levels of resistance to one or more races of Fusarium wilt and/or anthracnose. No watermelon varieties have known insect or nematode resistance.
Spacing
In large-scale production, few seeded varieties are currently grown. Watermelons are planted on flat beds 2 m wide and 20 cm to 30 cm high. In direct-seeded plantings, seed is placed 1.2 cm to 1.9 cm deep. After thinning and side dressing, furrows are reformed to the condition prior to furrow irrigation.
For transplants, a single drip irrigation tape is laid 15 cm to 20 cm below the bed surface. Black plastic film, 1.8 m wide, is then laid flat on 2 m beds to heat the soil and reduce weeds.
Seeds or transplants are then planted directly through the plastic. Transplants are set 60 cm to 90 cm apart. About 15 cm of the plastic is covered with soil at the edges to hold the mulch in place.
Common seedless water melon planting configurations are 1 row of the seed variety (pollinator) for every 2 to 3 rows of the seedless variety. However, other novel configurations are being used.
The most popular is the mixing of seedless and pollinator plants from 2:1 to 5:1. As the seedless to pollinator ratio increases, the number of beehives should be increased to ensure pollination. The seed rate is 16 to 25 seeds per 10 m2 (1.0-3.0 kg/ ha).
Crop Fertilisation and Soil Conditioning, Soil pH management
For all crop nutrient management, the best approach is to take a comprehensive soil sample and have this analysed then recommendations are given.
Watermelon is fairly tolerant to soil pH as low as 5.5, but grows best where soil pH is between 6.0 and 6.8. Apply lime if soil pH is below 5.5. Soil conditioning is such a critical management aspect determining the crop fertilisation response and
returns on the fertilisation program in watermelon production. Water melons have moderate nutrient requirements compared to other vegetable crops, and because of its deep rooting it is efficient in extracting nutrient requirements from the soil.
Water melons respond well to organic manure which is most ideal as a slow release source of nutrients to the developing crop and feeds the soil micro flora and fauna all critical in the development of a sustainable soil health.
We recommend compound L (4:17:11) or Compound C (5:15:12) for basal fertiliser application, and Ammonium Nitrate, AN (34.5 % N), Calcium Ammonium Nitrate, CAN (27% N) or Urea (46% N) as top dressing.
Application of foliar fertilisers and soil boaster have immense benefits to the water melon crop and there are various products available on the market that can best be adopted for enhanced water melon production.
Weed Control
Shallow mechanical cultivation and hand-hoeing are needed to control weeds before plants have developed vines.
Pruning roots and vines with cultivating equipment slows melon development and reduces yield. Several herbicides are available to control germinating broad leaf weeds and grasses in seeded and transplanted water melons.
Chemicals are economical when used as narrow band applications in the planted row.
Other herbicides are available to control emerged weeds, and these products are especially useful for the control of weeds in the grass family.
Herbicide costs may be reduced by using band applications in the planted row and spot applications for emerged weeds.
Herbicides are applied with shallow incorporation and transplants are placed with the roots below the treated zone.
Post-emergence herbicides such as Propaquizafop 10EC, Fluazifop 12.5EC are used to control post emergence annual and perennial grasses inclusive of Couch and Shamva grass.
Herbicides
CP Chemicals Product Description Target
1a. w Non selective systemic herbicide targeting all actively growing weeds
b. Inferno Extra 200SL Non selective contact herbicide targeting all actively growing weeds
Pre-Emergence
2.a S-Metolachlor 960EC Annual grasses and B/L weeds. Apply in combination with a broadleaf herbicides
b. Demethenamid Annual grasses, some B/L weeds and suppression of Yellow nutsedge and Wondering Jew
Post-emergence
3 Fluazifop 12.5EC Annual and perennial grasses
Common Pests and their remedies
Pest
Cutworm
Aphids; Whitefly and leaf eaters
Fruit fly
Field Scouting for Plant and Pest Development Fields should be scouted at minimum of once per week after planting by walking across the entire field in a Z-shape or X-shape pattern and recording plant development, and weed and insect occurrence and numbers.
Results of surveys will then be the primary decision tool for intervention. Common Diseases and their remedies Watermelons are susceptible
CP Chemicals Remedial Products
Volt Star 60EC, Volt 60EC, Lambda-cyhalothrin 5EC, Chlorpyrifos 48EC, Carbaryl 85WP, Imidacloprid 70WDG
Abamectin, Volt Star 60EC, Dimethoate 40EC, Imidachloprid 350SC, Malathion 25WP, Elegant 70EC, Pilau 200SC, Spear 1.92EC, Horizon 46SC
Elegant 70EC, Lebaycid 50EC, Malathion 25WP, Fenthion, Thiamethoxam 25WG
to several diseases that attack the roots, foliage, and fruit.
Disease control is essential in the production of high-quality water melons. A preventive program combining the use of cultural practices, genetic resistance and a fungicide program as needed usually provides the best results.
The use of disease-resistant varieties is economical for controlling diseases. Cultural
practices are useful for limiting the establishment, spread and survival of pathogens that cause water melon diseases. Many of the fungal, bacterial, and nematode pathogens survive in old crop debris and in the soil. Fields with the proper soil characteristics should be selected.
Insecticide applications should be made only when necessary, using results of field surveys. For control of
diseases, fungicides are most effective when applied before the disease begins to spread. A preventative application at the initiation of flowering can be an economical and effective treatment.
The potential for very rapid disease increase is greatest shortly before harvest, when the canopy is densest or anytime during rainy periods. Insecticides and fungicides should be selected based on proven effectiveness.
Disease Symptoms Control
Verticillium Wilt
Anthracnose
Fusarium wilt
Powdery mildew
Charcoal rot
Downey mildew
Rhizoctonia and soilborne diseases.
Fruit Pruning
Fruit pruning in water melons should begin as soon as defective melons are noticed. Remove misshapen and blossom end rot fruit to promote additional fruit set and better size of the remaining melons.
If a market demands larger melons, remove all but two or three well-shaped melons from each plant. To avoid disease spread, do not prune melons when vines are wet.
Physiological disorders
Physiological disorders are caused by non-pathogen agents that affect fruit quality. Usually, aesthetic quality is negatively affected. The cause can be either one or a combination of environmental, genetic or nutritional factors. Below is a list of some of the common fruit disorders:
Yellowing of the foliage and wilting.
Early signs of infection by this bacterial disease are water-soaked spots on the leaves and fruit.
Copper oxychloride 85WP, Mancozeb, Chlorothalonil, Super Top, Blight Cure
Copper oxychloride, Mancozeb, Chlorothalonil, Super Top, Azoxystrobin, Twist
Affects runners of the plant, at advanced stage may cause wilting Benomyl 50 WP
Premature defoliation, and reduced crop growth.
Super Top, Benomyl 50 WP.
Death of crown leaves combined with grey stem lesions. Apply potassium and phosphorous fertilisers
Initial symptoms include large, angular or blocky, yellow areas visible on the upper surface.
“Damping off”, or the failure of infected seeds to germinate.
Misshapen melons are frequently produced by varieties with long fruit. Moisture stress is a cause. Occasionally melons of any variety may misshape because they lie on uneven ground or were damaged when small.
Misshapen or pear-shaped fruit can also be caused by poor pollination that leads to restricted growth at the stem end because of the absence of developing seeds. Poor pollination can be minimised by increasing the number of beehives in the field. Low temperatures can also cause misshapen fruit. Blossom end rot is a deterioration of the blossom end of the fruit. The usual order of development is softening, slight shrivelling, browning, blackening with extensive shrivelling, and sometimes secondary decay.
Poor calcium nutrition and moisture stress cause
Copper Oxychloride 85WP, Super Top, Azoxystrobin
Seed dressings with SeedDress Plus 300WP, Seed Gold 250FS.
blossom-end rot. Hot, dry winds, nematode damage, excessive fertiliser, low levels of calcium in the soil, pruned roots from late cultivations, and other conditions are contributing factors.
Bursting may result from an uneven growth rate, which is particularly associated with heavy rainfall or irrigation when the fruit is maturing. The percentage of busted fruit is usually low, and types with round fruit are more susceptible.
White heart consists of white streaks or bands of undesirable flesh in the heart (centre) of the fruit. This is caused by excessive moisture (and too much nitrogen) during fruit maturation.
Hollow heart is a disorder that varies among varieties. Hollow heart is marked by cracks in the heart of the water melon fruit owing
to accelerated growth in response to ideal growth conditions facilitated by ample water and warm temperatures.Sun burn results from exposure to intense solar radiation that leads to dehydration and overheating damage of the rind tissue. Sun Scald can be alleviated by covering the fruit with vines or straw materials.
Sun burn occurs most frequently in varieties that have dark green rinds. Charleston Grey types and other melons with grey grin rinds rarely suffer from sunburn.
Good healthy foliage will minimise sunburn damage as well as favour good yields and quality. Strong winds can blow unprotected vines away from the developing fruit along the edges of the rows and cause full exposure of the fruit to the sun.
Rind necrosis is an internal disorder of the watermelon rind. Symptoms are brown, corky, or mealy textured spots on the rind which may enlarge to form large bands of discoloration that rarely extend into the flesh.
Experienced pickers often can detect affected melons by the subtle knobbiness that is visible on the surface of the affected melons. The cause of rind necrosis is unknown. Bacterial infection has been reported to be a cause, although similar bacteria are found in healthy melons. Drought stress also is reported to predispose melons to rind necrosis. Cross stitches are elongated necrotic wounds (2 cm long) that are perpendicular to fruit length. The cause of cross stitches is unknown.
Harvesting
Determining optimum maturity of a water melon can be difficult. Water melons reach harvest maturity five to six weeks after pollination, depending upon variety and season. Varieties may differ in certain characteristics that include maturity. An experienced person can identify a ripe water melon just by glancing at the glossy rind surface.
Other indications of ripeness include a change in the colour of the ground spot from white to light yellow, a change of tendrils nearest the fruit from green to brown and dry. Thumping the fruit, a metallic, ringing sound indicates immaturity and a more muffled or dull sounds indicates maturity to over maturity in round-shaped melons. The best method is to cut a few melons in various parts of the field.
Harvesting and marketing green or over-ripe melons lessens the damage by the consuming public. Sugar content does not increase after the harvest. However, a red colour will continue to develop after a slightly immature melon is picked.
Harvesting methods
Watermelons do not slip from the vine or emit an odour when ripening, unlike muskmelons. Indicators for picking watermelons include colour change, blossom-end conditions, rind roughness and drying of the nearest tendril to the fruit. A sharp knife should be used to cut melons from the vines. Melons pulled from the vines may crack open.
Harvested fruit is windrowed to nearby roadways, often
located ten beds apart. A pitching crew follows the cutters and pitches the melons from hand to hand, then loads them in trucks to be transported to a shed. Melons should never be stacked on the blossom end; as excessive breakage may occur. Loss of foliage covering the melons can increase sunburn. Exposed melons should be covered with vines and straw as they start to mature to prevent sunburn. Each time the field is harvested, the exposed melons must be re-covered. Most fields are picked at least twice. Some fields may be harvested a third or fourth time depending upon field conditions and market prices.
Harvest recommendations
Melons should be cut from the vine rather than pulled, twisted or broken off to reduce the chances of stem decay. Leave a long stem on the fruit. To avoid bruising melons, handle them carefully at all times. Never stand melons on end to avoid bruising and flesh separation from the rind. Do not place melons with the bottom sides turned up as the ground spot is easily sun-scalded. Haul melons from the field in straw or paper padded vehicles to reduce bruising, punctures, and rind abrasion.
To help prevent bruising, put them directly into trucks for ferrying to the market, or haul them to a central grading station for reloading and transportation. Melons are usually graded and sized during the loading operation. Traditionally, melons have been bulk- hauled in trucks. The use of containers has gained popularity because they are more efficient in unloading and damage caused by rough handling during loading and unloading is reduced. Bulk bins made of corrugated fireboard and holding around 450 kg as well as cartons holding three to five melons are also used.
ALWAYS READ LABELS CAREFULLY BEFORE USING PRODUCTS. Recommendations made in this article are not an order
Approximately 12.5 x 16 litre knapsacks will cover 1 hectare and apply 200 litres of water.
Contact Details: CP Chemicals
Call/WhatsApp +263 773 476 618/9, Head Office Tel: 04-780216, Website: www.cpchem.co.zw, Email: sales@cpchem.co.zw Facebook Page Name: CP Chemicals
Private Limited
You can visit any of our branches in HARARE
Mount Hampden 18.5km Peg Lomagundi Road, 0773590942
Graniteside No. 112 Seke Road, 0773476618
Harare Showground
Stand No.TS 165 1st Avenue
Opposite wildale bricks gate, 0771230408
Karoi branch
310 Industrial Road 0777431954
Bindura branch
315 Railway Ave, 0773195259
Chegutu branch
Shop No 7 Ziy & Zay shopping centre 579 Station Street, 0773706942
Mvurwi branch
Number 1 Handsworth Road, 0778934562
