Surin Tong 2017 MArch 1 FW Portfolio

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17 F/W The University of Hong Kong Department of Architecture Michael Edward Kokora Studio Reclaiming Central: The Negative Object And The Waterfront Tong Ka Hei Surin Academic Portfolio


CONTENTS Guerrillascaping

06


Site Visits /08 Tangram /10 Initial Concepts

Tabula Rasa /12

Readings & Precedent Study

Mapping the Harbourfront /18 Land Use Zoning of Hong Kong Island

Site Model /20 Group Work

Precedents /22

Formal Planned Urban Green Space Informal Unplanned Urban Green Space

Documentation & Analysis /24

Materiality - The Fragmented Habourfront Problems of Current Pavements & Opportunities Spontaneous Vegetation

Explorations & Concepts /32 Subtraction, Addition & Modification

Design /36

Design Parameters Site Locations & Master Plan Design Interventions

Appendix /50

Mid-term Review Board Final Review Board Selected Plants List

07


Site Visits Three Site Visits were made to Mai Po, Hoi Ha and the Hong Kong Island harbourfront respectively in September. The natural visits were yet inspiring as I was surprised to acknowledge there are actually living corals in Hong Kong. The trips also gave me insights and knowledge regarding ecology and the ecosystem in which there were organized by the WWF. A further lecture by the biological department of HKU also made us aware that the coral communities also exist in central.

10.09.2017 Mai Po 16.09.2017 Hoi Ha

8

Site Visits


12.09.2017 Harbour front

9


Tangram A Preliminary Exercise was carried out right after the site visits to develop a conceptual model out of wood based on the inspirations on ecology and ecosystem from the trips. Based on the fragmentation of land observed along the harborfront, I developed a board game called Tangram (original tangram on the right). It is to illustrate that yet different parts are fragmented, they are yet closely linked and integrated as a whole and no parts are unnecessary. I aim to explore how unification of the harbourfront could be achieved.

The black parts represent the congested urban areas of Wanchai, Admiralty, Central and Sheungwan while the parts with a transparent film represent Victoria Harbor.

10

Tangram


The uppers part are the hilly parts of Hong Kong Island, i.e. the peak, Pok Fu Lam Country Park and Aberdeen Country Park. The middle parts are the urban areas while the lower parts are Victoria Harbor and Tsim Sha Tsui.

11


Tabula Rasa Precedent Study according to a chosen reading - Tabula Rasa Revisited by Tem Koohlaas. I explored what does Tabula Rasa means to architecture an what are its effects on urban planning. I also took Singapore and Ville Radieuse as an example to explore how the idea is being executed. This study helped me rethink how Hong Kong’s urban planning should be done in the way that it can reflects its socio-economic situations, history and traditino instead of being another generic city without its roots

Tabula Rasa

12

Tabula Rasa


13


14


15


16


17


Mapping the Harbourfront This is a group exercise to map the harbourfront based on different qualities, for example geology, highways, flora and fauna found, pollution level and etc. My part is to map out the land use zonings. Through this exercise, I can clearly observe that all green spaces are fragmented and basically exist in form of pocket gardens, rooftop greenery or in between building spaces.

18 Mapping the Harbourfront


19


Group Site Model A 1 to 2000 site model was made by the group along the harbourfront from wanchai to saiwan. This exercise helped us to better visualize the density and heights of the city, so as to aid in finding a desirable site for our design.

Development of site model. Highways, Skywalks, mass transit lines, underground services are all mapped out and engraved and cut on acrylic panels; which wooden blocks mimicing buildings are in turn placed on top.

20

Group Site Model


The mapping exercise, group site model, water samples collected from site visits and garbages collected from Hoi Ha are presented in the final review.

21


Formal Planned Urban Green Space By looking comparing planned green space and informal urban green space (IGS), I obtained a clearer direction as to the aim of my project - to “reclaim” the lost greenery of urban areas in Hong Kong. I would like to restore the naturalness and wilderness of then nature back to urban form through spontaneous vegetation that requries low maintainence and management level but with high biodiversity. Although it cannot replace the natural state of greenery, it can serve as liminal spaces, which

refers to a state of “betweenness”, intermediacy, or ambiguity of being. On the contrary, planned green space lack the sense of humanity when everything is overly regulated, managed and designed. Spaces also become uniform when different modes of well designed ornamental green spaces are plugged into different areas of Hong Kong.

Green Roof - Fu Shan Estate Spillways & Channe Lines – Yuen Long Median Strips - Ma On Shan Viaduct - Butterfly Valley Road Pet Garden, Tsing Sha Highway Reinforced Grasscrete Pavement - Pillar Point Sewage Treatment Works In Tuen Mun Sitting Out Area – Old Wan Chai Revitilization Initiatives Large Scale Park – Hong Kong Park Footbridge - IFC, Central Driveway - Ma On Shan 22

Precedents


Informal Unplanned Urban Green Space I investigated into different case studies that either fostered development of spontaneous vegetation (crack garden) or spontaneous vegetation exist prior to urban development (e.g. NYC High line) or efforts were made to mimic happenings of spontaneous vegetation (TokaChi Millenium Forest).

(Upper Left) Crack Garden, San Francisco, US (Upper right) Park of the docks, Saint Ouen, France (Lower Left) Tokachi Millenium Forest, Hokkaido, Japan (Lower Middle) Huangpu VIII, Shanghai (Lower Right) New York High Line before restoration, US

23


Materiality along the Harbourfront I began to document different materiality that “made up� the harbourfront. Just by looking at the aerial images on this page, one can hardly differentiate which paving belongs to where. The extensive use of monotonous paving blocks and concrete without identity had made identification of spaces impossible even to locals ourselves. On the right, one can also see that one single street or space can be comprised of different materials, patterns and colors, making it visually displeasing and frustrating to people.

(1-2) Admiralty (3-8) Central (9-10) Sheung Wan (11-13) Sai Ying Pun (14) Sun Yat Sen Memorial Park (15-16) Sai Ying Pun Inner Streets

24 Documentation & Analysis


(1) Admiralty (2-3) Central (4-6) Sheung Wan (7) Sai Ying Pun (8) Sun Yat Sen Memorial Park (9) Sai Wan Instagram Pier

25


The Fragemented Habourfront Based on the site visits and the documentations, I have mapped out the materiality of the harbourfront. While a lot of parts are restricted areas not allowing people to enter and enjoy the promenade, many places are fragmented with different types of pavements existing in the same area.

EXISTING GREEN SPACES IMPERVIOUS SURFACE WALKWAYS IMPERVIOUS SURFACE LOTS WALKWAYS WITH PAVERS LOTS WITH PAVERS RESTRICTED AREAS

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TER N FIRE

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Elevated Road

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26 Documentation & Analysis

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27

Road

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Road

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PARK GATE

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CALDER P A

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ET RE ST NE CH

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LIE

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ST

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ET

道路

NM

OU

TH

PA

TH


Problems of Current Pavements & Opportunities I put forward my study on materialities to further identify the problems of current pavements at a micro scale. Then, I identified opportunities that I can exploit based on the current problematic pavements as to where can spontaneous vegetation occur, from a micro level to a macro level.

Existing Paving Blocks Pattern along the Harbour Front Storm Runoff

Aesthetics Impervious Hinder Life forms Monotonous Uniformity Lack Uniqueness Lack Locality

Problems Associated

Problems of Current Pavement

1

Point

2

Linear

3

Settlement

2

3 1

Opportunities 28 Documentation & Analysis


Spontaneous Vegetation found in HK According to different locations that spontaneous vegeation were found from Admiralty to Sai Wan, I have categorized them according to different scales. To my surprise, there is a massive type of vegetation found among these spontaneous unplanned vegetation, from moss and algae to trees and even succulent plants. I also investigated into some plant species in particular that interested me and appeared frequently during my visit, documented them and organized into a plants list (see Appendix III). Spontaneous Vegetation are just everywhere in Hong Kong.

(1-2) Microsites (3-4) In between Pavers (5-6) Walls (7-8) Street Verge (9-10, 12-13) Collision of 2 Materials (11) Vacant Lot in the PLA area (14-15) Near Drainage Channel & Manhole (16-18) Near Man-made Structures (19) Strctural (20) Lot

29


Occurence of Spontaneous Vegetation

- The sand base and gravel sub-base underneath can react with moisture available (From rain, sewagage..) -Erosion & Decay foster development of moss & fern

Microsites & Cracks

- Especially Masonry Facade and Stone Walls - Decay of Limestone cliff foster develompent of spontaneous vegetation

Junction between Building Facades & Pavers

- Different compostition of different materials may foster different chemical reactions, erosion and decay to occur

Collision of Materials

- Oil from cars, nutrients and moisture available can react to foster occurence of decay and erosion of materials

Street Verge, Curb & Planters

-Moisture readily available

Near Drainage Channel & manhole

- For e.g. along light poles and near air conditioning units Moisture, Light and Nurtirents are avaiable for vegetation growth

Near and Along man-made structures

30 Documentation & Analysis


Species of Spontaneous Vegetation found in HK

Nephrolepis cordifolia

Cayratia japonica

Mimosa pudica

Amaranthus viridis

Imperata cylindrica

Schefflera heptaphylla

Lxora coccinea

Bryophyllum

Leucaena leucocephala

31


Subtraction & Addition The intial idea is to perform a subtraction and addition method to the existing piece of land. For subtraction, pavers will be removed. For addition, growing medium and plants will be added into the barren land to speed up plant succession. The design intended not to install or add any additional interventions to the existing land and just let the nature do its own job.

FIRST STAGE REMOVAL

SEXOND STAGE REMOVAL

THIRD STAGE REMOVAL

STATE AFTER REMOVAL

Diagram indicating the flow of users and development of vegetaiton

Diagram indicating the subtraction process

Diagram indicating the addition / subtraction process

32

Explorations & Concepts


(Tp[) Subtraction Addition Model showing the dynamic landscape obtained after removing pavers due to development of soil layer and a rich plant communities with different sizes and heights (Bottom) Series of models showing the progressive change in soil layer and plant species and height 33


Addition & Modification Another alternative is a more pro-active way by actively modifying existing elements (for example drilling holes in pavers or drilling roles on concrete surfaces using various hard tools) or pro-actively adding new elements (for example concrete installations) to allow spontaneous plants grow and success. Various explorations were made to explore the possible forms of additions and possible interventions and modifications.

Addition

34

Explorations & Concepts


Modification

35


Design Parameters As my initial exploration are rather small in scale, I further developed my project to have a stronger architectural sense by setting out 5 parameters so as to frame my project is a more complex sense. 3 parameters were being explored in earlier pages, namely materiality of existing pavements, type of occurence of spontaneous vegetations and plant species found. I futher divided my project into the level of intervention made to existing ground and hard and soft tools involved in the intervention.

Degree of Intervention

Chisel

Hand Tracer Hand Tracer Hand Tracer

Towel Screwdriver Towel

Block Extractor BlockTool Extractor

Screwdriver Towel Screwdriver

Tool Block Extractor Tool

Concrete Chainsaw Concrete Chainsaw Concrete Chainsaw

Tractor Auger Tractor Auger Tractor Auger

Hand Auger

Mattock

Chisel Chisel

Hammer Hammer Hammer

Claw Hammer Rubber Mallet Claw Hammer Rubber Mallet Claw Hammer Rubber Mallet

Garden Fork

Hammer Drill Hammer Drill Hammer Drill

Water Can Water Can Water Can

Spade Hand Cultivator

(Top) Hard Tools in modifying the existing pavement (Bottom) Soft Tools in intensifying and quickening plant succession (e.g. by soil compaction or mixing organic matter into soil)

36

Design


Potential Sites Based on the 5 parameters, 4 types of ground of intervention was derived, namely concrete pavement and surfaces, walkways made up of paving blocks, large recreational sites covered by paving slabs and median strips. Concrete requires minimal intervention, while paving blocks require moderate intervention and media strips required highest intervention. The two types of paving are the most common in Hong Kong as both footpaths and carriageways while median strips are everywhere in

viaducts and highways. Evidently spontaneous vegetation can develop on walls, along lamp posts, near drainage channelsv and etc. However this project just serves as a starting point and will only tackle on pavement as it is the most obvious element that fragmented the Hong Kong Island.

(Left column) Concrete Pavement & Surfaces (Middle Left) Clay or Concrete Paving Blocks Walkways (Middle Right) Large Area of Paving Blocks or Slabs (Right) Median Strips of Highways andViaducts 37


Master Layout Plan The Upper part of the master layout plan indicated the current fragmentation of the pavements along the harbourfront along with documentations of the design parameters (1. type of occurence of spontaneous vegetations 2. materiality 3.plant species found 4.level of intervention and 5. hard and soft tools involved).

Nephrolepis cordifolia

The lower part used different sized and shaped symbols to indicate the predicted density, intensity and direction of spontaneous vegetation growth and sprawl in the inner city area of Hong Kong Island in the future. It also indicated location of existing vegetation.

Hammer Drill

Mimosa pudica

Chisel

lxora coccinea

西消防街 WES

TER

東邊

N FIRE

街北

SER

VICE

S STR

高架道路

EET

西

EAS

TER

N STR

EET

WES

TE

RN

HA

TH

OU

ted

Ro

ad

RB

NOR

R CR

SING

Ele

va

OS

Elevated Road

高架道路

Elevated Road

高架道路 高架道路

Elevated

Road

AD

T RO

NG

FU

高架道路

MA

高架道路

Elevated Road

Elevated Road

物道

高架道路 Elevated Road

西消

防街

ed

vat

Ele

道路

高架

道路

ed

ad

Ro

高架道

CONNAUGHT ROAD WEST

干諾道西

Elevate

ad

d Road

Ro

vat

Ele

ed

ad

Ro

干諾道西

道西

vat

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Roa

道 高架

干諾

CONNAUGHT ROAD

d

道路

高架

高架道路 WEST

Elevated

Road

d

Roa

ated

Elev

ated

CENTRE STREET

EASTERN STREET

Elevated

d

Roa

DES VOEUX ROAD WEST

Road

QUEEN STREET

SUTHERLAND

ated

Elev

Road

鹹魚街

HAM YU STREET

STREET

Elev

高架道路

WESTERN STREET

道路

高架

德輔道西

皇后街

WILMER STREET

紫薇街

西

修打蘭街

TSZ MI ALLEY

SAI WOO LANE

東邊街

MUI FONG STREET

KWAI HEUNG STREET

SUNG HING LANE

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LANE

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ST

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LANE

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英華臺 YING WA TERRACE

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德星里

常豐里

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THIRD STREET

FUK SAU LANE

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d

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屋蘭士街

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RO

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道路 高架 Road

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Road

巴丙頓道

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BABINGTON PATH

SO N RO

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衛城道 高

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ad

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UNIVERSITY DRIVE

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Elev

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道路

Road

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38

Design

ST

E

ST

AM

AC

AT

興漢道

NH

RR

BO

TE

TU NG

I ON

RE ET

聖士

TA

ST

AM ROAD

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BONH

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ated

道路 高架 Road

HI

Elev

NG

HO

N

RO

ET

般咸道

ROAD

Road

ad


Amaranthus viridis

Towel Screwdriver

Towel Screwdriver

leucaena leucocephala

Towel Screwdriver

Cayratia japonica

schefflera heptaphylla

Block Extractor Tool

Chisel

Tractor Auger

Imperata cylindrica

Bryophyllum

Chisel

ROA D

中港道

CHU

NG

KON

NG KING

G RO

中景

CHU

AD

ET FAI STRE

MAN

干諾

道西

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NAU

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D WE

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G

RE

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N

MA

KW

新街

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市街

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MAR

KET

STR

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STR

EET

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STR

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NG

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IN

KWO

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W

MAN

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MAR

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TRA

MAN KAT STREET

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NEW

STRE ET

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L

高架道路

民吉街

Elevated

MAN

Road

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LOI LANE

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39


Minimal intervention – concrete footway / surfaces

Chisel

1 YEAR

5 Months 2 Months 1 Month 1 Week Present

1

2

Enlarge & Proliferate existing gaps/street verges/microsites

3

Create Seed Bombs & Place into various sites

4

40

Spontaneous Vegetation found in existing concrete footways & surfaces

Aid of natural organic matter, weather conditions, road-side nutrients Design


Hand Tracer

Hammer

Hammer Drill

5

Moss, Ferns & Groudn Cover develop in shady areas

6

Climbers & Grass start to develop, followed by shrubs

7

Flowers and herbs emerge

Occurence of Spontaneous Vegetation

41


Moderate Intervention - Paving Blocks

8

Water Can

7

5

1-2 YEARS

Biodiv ersity Conse r

1 2

vation

6 Months ; Incre

ase in

Public

3

Usage

& Ma

nagem

3 Months

ent &

Maint

enanc

e of L

1 Months

and; I ncrea

Remove Pavers

se in ;

Barren Land with exposed Sand-Cement Mix

3

Decompact Sand-Cement Mix & Road Base

4

Addition of Growing Medium & Organic Matter & Mix with existing land (optional)

5

6

42

6

Choice of plant species by Specialiists base on locality & Emergence of Self-Seeding Plants Aid of natural organic matter, weather conditions, road-side nutrients

7

Grass start to develop, followed by shrubs, flowers & herbs

8

Young trees begin to grow and a local plant community that requires a low level of management with high biodiversity is developed

Design

Manip

ulatio

n of P

2 Weeks

lant S

ucces sion ; Ae

stheti c Valu

es &

Derive

Emoti

onal S a

tisfac t

ion ;


; Prom

Towel Screwdriver

Block Extractor Tool

Claw Hammer Rubber Mallet

Reinforcement of Pavers after Removal Water

Hand Auger

4

2 1

Pavers Sand-Cement Road-Base Sub-base Sub-grade

Mattock

Garden Fork

Present ote So cial W ell-Be ing Spade Hand Cultivator

43


Highest Intervention - Median Strips of Highway / Viaduct

6 5

7

4

3

2

1-2 YEARS 1

6 Months 4 Months 2 Months 1 Month Present

1 2

3

4

44

Remove Existing Compacted Granular Fill Place Growing Medium into the Void Install Cast Iron Structural Grates & their Supports to prevent of dirt & prevent plants from blown away Choice of plant species & Emergence of Self-Seeding Plants Design


Concrete Chainsaw

Tractor Auger

Cast Iron Structural Grate Compacted Granular Fill to be Removed Growing Medium

Cast Iron Grates Support Existing Compacted Granular Fill Existing Precast Concrete Seperator Axonometric View of Median Strip

5

Aid of natural organic matter, weather conditions, road-side nutrients

6

Grass start to develop, followed by shrubs,

7

Flowers, herbs and young trees emerge

45


Change in Underground Conditions Over Time The Following photomontage shows the prediction in changes in undergroung conditions, vegetation species, height, richness over a period of time (1-2 years).

Change in Underground Conditions Over Time 46

Design


Photomontages 2 Photomontage showing 1. how will paved walkways look like when pavers are removed and plant succession took place in Sai Ying Poon near Sun Yat Sen Memorial Park 2.How it will look like when paving slabs are randomly removed inside Sun Yat Sen Memorial Park

47


Diagram Showing how Spontaneous Vegetation Develop Through Time A diagram showing how spontaneous vegetation develop through time in concrete surfaces and paving blocks. A model was made based on the time changes. Other models were made to display spontaneous vegetation that exist in cracks or between pavings or on the walls. I collected them in the harbourfront so I can have a documentation of them. Interventions were also tried to made on the bricks, for example by creating holes and cracks using a hammer in the model.

48

Design


49


Mid-Term Review

10.10.2017

50

Appendix


Final Review

04.12.2017

51


[Selective Plants List] Common Self Seeded Plants in Hong Kong Urban Area Chinese Name

Scientific Name

Type

組囊藻属 裂須藻屬 橘色藻屬

Anacystis spp. Schizothrix spp. Trentepohlia spp.

Algae Algae Algae

小扭口蘚 叢生真蘚 蕊形真蘚 鈍頭偏蒴蘚 羊角蘚 卷葉溼地蘚

Barbula indica Bryum caespiticium Bryum coronatum Ectropothecium obtusulum Herpetineuron toccoae Hyophila involuta

Moss Moss Moss Moss Moss Moss

鐵線蕨 密毛小毛蕨 鋪地蜈蚣 腎蕨 波士頓蕨 蜈蚣草 烏蕨

Adiantum capillus-veneris Christella parasitica Lycopodium cernuum L. Nephrolepis cordifolia Nephrolepis exaltata Pteris vittata Sphenomeris chinensis

Fern Fern Fern Fern Fern Fern Fern

烏蘞莓 五爪金龍 薇甘菊 三角西番蓮 火炭母草

Cayratia japonica Ipomoea cairica Mikania micrantha Passiflora suberosa Persicaria chinensis

Climber Climber Climber Climber Climber

伏生大戟 蛇莓 繖花龍吐珠 含羞草 酢漿草 紫花酢漿草 小葉冷水花

Chamaesyce prostrata Duchesnea indica Hedyotis corymbosa Mimosa pudica Oxalis corniculata Oxalis corymbosa Pilea microphylla

Ground Cover Ground Cover Ground Cover Ground Cover Ground Cover Ground Cover Ground Cover

紫花藿香薊 野莧 小飛揚 藍豬耳 龍葵

Ageratum houstonianum Amaranthus viridis Euphorbia thymifolia Lindernia crustacea Solanum nigrum

Herb Herb Herb Herb Herb

竹節草 龍爪茅 白茅 五節芒 紅毛草 大密

Chrysopogon aciculatus Dactyloctenium aegyptium Imperata cylindrica Miscanthus floridulus Rhynchelytrum repens Saccharum arundinaceum R.

Grass & Sedge Grass & Sedge Grass & Sedge Grass & Sedge Grass & Sedge Grass & Sedge

構樹 木麻黃 垂葉榕 大葉雀榕 細葉榕 菩提樹 筆管榕 大葉榕 銀合歡

Broussonetia papyrifera Casuarina equisetifolia Ficus benjamina Ficus caulocarpa Ficus microcarpa Ficus religiosa Ficus subpisocarpa Ficus virens var. glabella Leucaena leucocephala

Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree Tree

落地生根屬 大葉落地生根 洋吊鐘

Bryophyllum spp. Kalanchoe daigremontianum Bryophyllum tubiflorum

Succulent Succulent Succulent


53


TO BE CONTINUED University of Hong Kong Surin Tong

THE END

17 F/W


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