Columbia River Reader Feb 15, 2023

COLUMBIA RIVER READER COLLECTORS CLUB

LEWIS AND CLARK REVOLUTIONIZED

What really — truly — happened during those final wind-blown, rainsoaked thirty days of the Lewis and Clark Expedition’s trek to the Pacific? Southwest Washington author and explorer Rex Ziak revolutionized historical scholarship by providing the answers: day by day and week by week. We’re delighted to offer In Full View, and Rex’s other two books, one with an extraordinary fold-out map, as our inaugural offerings from CRR Collectors Club.

IN FULL VIEW

Rex Ziak $29.95

A true and accurate account of Lewis and Clark’s arrival at the Pacific Ocean, and their search for a winter camp along the lower Columbia River.

EYEWITNESS TO ASTORIA

Gabriel Franchére $21.95

The newly edited and annotated by Rex Ziak version of Franchére’s 1820 journal, Narrative of a Voyage to the Northwest Coast of America in the Years 1811, 1812, 1813 and 1814, or The First American Settlement on the Pacific.

DOWN AND UP

Rex Ziak $18.95

A unique fold-out guide mapping day-by-day Lewis and Clark’s journey from the Rockies to the Pacific Ocean and back.

ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION

11 issues $55.

SUBSCRIPTIONS MAKE THOUGHTFUL GIFTS... FOR YOURSELF OR FOR A FRIEND!

We’ll send your recipient a printed gift notification card.

THE TIDEWATER REACH

Field Guide to the Lower Columbia River in Poems and Pictures

By Robert Michael Pyle and Judy VanderMaten. In three editions:

• Boxed Signature Edition Color and BW $50;

• Collectors Edition,Trade paperback. Color and B/W $35

• Trade paperback B/W $25

DISPATCHES FROM THE DISCOVERY TRAIL

A Layman’s Lewis & Clark

By Michael O. Perry.

• Collectors Edition,Trade paperback. Color and B/W $35

Sue’s Views

Power to the People

Our empire of trees has become an empire of energy. That’s what Hal Calbom maintains in this month’s People + Place. And it’s quite a shift, influencing us as individuals, business people, and as citizens of our communities.

Egg on the Face

CORRECTIONS

from CRR February 15 issue

‘Em was born on the plains of Calgary, British Columbia’.

Calgary is located in the Canadian province of Alberta, not B.C. (The Gebert Family Legacy Sponsor Spotlight, error pointed out by Horst Pagel)

Kathy Elam is alive and well. CRR regrets and apologizes for the mistake of reporting her as having passed away. (Elam’s Legacy Sponsor spotlight)

Energy itself, the “juice” that makes everything else run, now dominates the economy and the business conversation. In Longview and the Northwest, thanks to our abundant resource, hydroelectric power, suddenly becoming scarce, short, and expensive, we are suddenly energy poor, not energy rich.

We are now part of the conservation conversation.

In this issue we meet Mike and Michelle Casanover who’ve improved the shopping experience of their Grocery Outlet customers with a simple lighting upgrade that’s a triple win: for them and their customers, for Cowlitz PUD that’s conserving energy, and for the Energy Services Company (known in the biz as an ESCo) that uses utility rebates and new technology to light up the aisles and lower the electric bill.

“We cut about two-thirds of the lighting load,” said Greg Wright, who helped Mike and Michelle implement the new system. “That’s a yearly savings in the thousands of dollars.”

Greg and other ESCos have seen upticks in their own businesses, as the vital conduit between the customer and the utility. “We did eight locations for the Rainier School district and saved them $32,000,” said Wright. “That buys a lot of textbooks and staff time.”

The complicated part of the story is figuring out what we’ll do as a region with ever-increasing demand and a finite supply of power. That’s why all of us keep hearing the conservation message.

“BPA estimates that over the next 20 years 85 percent of our new energy supply will be accounted for by conservation,” Wright said. In other words, the energy we DON’T use.

Get ready to hear the drumbeat in the months and years ahead, and be alert for innovative, practical hybrids like Brad and Rose Link’s cozy lake cabin (see page 25) .

Also in this issue you will learn that HaikuFest 2023 is now open. We will accept entries in all the usual categories (including ‘anything goes’), plus a special one for Centennial-inspired haikus (see page 34). Many thanks to Gary Meyers, in Hawaii, with regular visits to CRR territory, who invented and continues to orchestrate HaikuFest every year, for more years than we can count. But it’s about 17. I think.

Speaking of the Centennial, the City’s official celebration kicked off at a special event at the Merk on Jan. 20. See photos, page 42.

Once Valentine’s Day is past, I always think spring is on the cusp. Of course, we often get snow in late February and March. One can hope! And don’t forget to set your clocks forward an hour the weekend of March 12.

I hope you enjoy this issue. Thanks for reading CRR!

Publisher/Editor: Susan P. Piper

Columnists and contributors:

Tracy Beard

Hal Calbom

Alice Dietz

Joseph Govednik

Judy MacLeod

Gary Meyers

Michael Perry

Ned Piper

Perry Piper

Robert Michael Pyle

Marc Roland

Alan Rose

Alice Slusher

Greg Smith

Andre Stepankowsky

Debra Tweedy

Judy VanderMaten

Editorial/Proofreading Assistants:

Merrilee Bauman, Michael Perry, Marilyn Perry, Tiffany Dickinson, Debra Tweedy, Sue Lane-Koontz

Advertising Manager:

Ned Piper, 360-749-2632

Columbia River Reader, llc

1333 14th Ave, Longview, WA 98632

P.O. Box 1643 • Rainier, OR 97048

Office Hours: M-W-F • 11–3*

*Other times by chance or appointment

E-mail: publisher@crreader.com

Phone: 360-749-1021

ON THE COVER

Brad and Rose Link at their off-thegrid “cabin” near Cougar, Wash.

Mike and Michelle Casanover, Grocery Outlet owner-operators, in their

Photos by Hal Calbom

Columbia River Reader is published monthly, with 14,000 copies distributed in the Lower Columbia region. Entire contents copyrighted; No reproduction of any kind allowed without express written permission of Columbia River Reader, LLC. Opinions expressed herein, whether in editorial content or paid ad space, belong to the writers and advertisers and are not necessarily shared or endorsed by the Reader.

Submission guidelines: page 36.

General Ad info: page 42.

Ad Manager: Ned Piper 360-749-2632. CRREADER.COM

Visit our website for the current issue and archive of past issues from 2013.

Sue Piper

Columbia River Reader ... Helping you discover and enjoy the good life in the Columbia River Region, at home and on

LOWER COLUMBIA CURRENTS

Commentary by Andre Stepankowsky

By Judith Martin, Nicholas Ivor Martin and Jacobina Martin

DEAR MISS MANNERS: I moved to the South, and people in my area are very religious and go to church regularly. I have no issue with this, but the problem is that folks around here ask which church you belong to.

I am at a loss as to how to answer to this question; I am not religious and was brought up in the Jewish faith. What is a good response to this question?

GENTLE READER: “Thank you, but I am not attending services at the moment. I practice privately.”

You need not specify what you practice -- it could be the violin, for all Miss Manners cares -- but the hope is that by virtue of its sounding vague and mysterious, the inquiries will abruptly cease.

DEAR MISS MANNERS: I’m having a birthday party. I don’t want anyone to purchase presents, but rather, I want monetary gifts. How can I word that on the invitation?

GENTLE READER: “This is a stick-up”?

DEAR MISS MANNERS: I often have adult visitors of various ages stay at my house. Sometimes in the afternoon, while watching television or when everyone is sitting around talking, someone will unintentionally fall asleep.

I take it as a compliment that they are able to relax in my presence. But if I needed to wake the person up, how would I kindly do so? Or when the person wakes up and seems embarrassed, how do I reassure them that it’s OK that they were resting?

Lastly, how should I handle the situation if I ever fall asleep without meaning to, whether as a host or a guest?

GENTLE READER: The best way to demonstrate that it is not a problem is to take little or no notice: Engage the person when awake, overlook any discomfort demonstrated, and quietly remove any items -- such as empty glasses -- that appear to be in danger.

As a guest, you may expect the same courtesy from your host. If you fall asleep at your own party, it may be worth apologizing -- particularly if you wake to find the guests gone, the lights off and the dishes put away (in which case, the apology will require a call or note).

DEAR MISS MANNERS: I was raised in a world of social graces where you did not ask point-blank questions, except among family or very close friends. This has changed, which mostly doesn’t bother me; people are curious by nature.

The particular question that ruffles me is, “Why are you so dressed up?”

When I am asked this, I am not “dressed up.” I do my hair, do my makeup and wear business casual attire throughout the week.

Currently I am taking business classes, and I also drive a school bus for our district. I am on a high school route, and I feel image is very important. (I feel most of the other drivers dress fairly “slobby” and set a bad example. I hold my tongue on this opinion, though.) Also, I live in a southern climate, so dresses just make sense, but this has led to embarrassing moments of being asked if I wear dresses and skirts for religious purposes. cont page 9

DISPATCHES FROM THE DISCOVERY TRAIL

EPISODE 21 GreaT Treats: Sea Salt and Blubber

By Michael O. Perry

In late December of 1805, five men hiked from Fort Clatsop to the ocean, near present-day Seaside, to set up a salt- making operation. A week later, Capt. Lewis wrote that two men brought back “a specemine of the salt of about a gallon” that was used to make their lean and often spoiled elk meat somewhat palatable. However, the salt makers also brought back a sample of blubber from a beached whale that Indians had found near present-day Cannon Beach. Sgt. Ordway wrote , “we mix it with our poor elk meat & find it eats very well.” Capt. Clark decided to set out the following day in an attempt to purchase some more blubber. Sacajawea wanted to go along. When Clark said no, “She observed that She had traveled a long way with us to See the great waters, and that now that monstrous fish was also to be Seen, She thought it verry hard that She Could not be permitted to see either (She had never yet been to the Ocian).” Clark agreed to her request.

On January 6th, Clark and 12 men, plus Sacajawea and her French husband Charbonneau, hiked to the salt makers’ camp where they hired an Indian to guide them to the whale. They walked along the beach until they reached an “emence mountain the top of which was obscured in the clouds.” They camped high on the bluff, and the next day climbed to the top of Cape Falcon where Clark saw “the grandest and most pleasing prospects which my eyes ever surveyed, in my frount a boundless Ocean.”

Anyone who has ever hiked across Tillamook Head can appreciate what the men saw as they looked south towards Cannon Beach. Clark wrote, “inoumerable rocks of emence Sise out at a distance from the Shore and against which the Seas brak with great force gives this Coast a most romantic appearance.”

When they reached the whale, all that was left was the 105-foot long skeleton. The local Indians had completely stripped it. Clark was able to purchase only 300 pounds of blubber and a few gallons of whale oil, but he was grateful to get anything to add to the lean elk they ate virtually every meal. Prior to that, an occasional dog purchased from the Clatsop Indians was the only thing that made meals something to look forward to.

The daily journal entries illustrate how boring their days were in January and February. Lewis repeatedly wrote, “Nothing worthy of notice occured today.” The men spent the winter preserving meat by smoking and drying. They also chopped firewood, repaired their weapons, dressed elk and deer skins, made clothes, etc. They made 338 pairs of moccasins. In addition, they traded with the Indians. Typically, the Indians wanted more than the men had to offer, but after a lot of haggling, a trade was often agreed to. Undoubtedly, the silk handkerchiefs the men had received at Christmas were traded to Indian maidens who were willing to sell their favors to the men.

Don’t forget your flu shot

The weather at Fort Clatsop was miserable. Everything was wet, and it snowed several nights in December, January, and February. On January 26th, they awoke to eight inches of snow on the ground. The men were not eating a balanced diet and were prone to illness. The men experienced colds, boils, the flu, strained muscles, and venereal disease. On Feb. 22, Lewis wrote, “we have not had as many Sick at any one time Since we left” St. Louis in 1804. Ordway wrote, “Six of the party are now Sick I think that I and three others have the Enfluenzey.”

Everyone in the Corps of Discovery had a job. Lewis was the leader; others were hunters, carpenters, woodsmen and blacksmiths. William Clark was the mapmaker. Captains Lewis and Clark spent much of their time at their writing desks. Lewis described and drew sketches of the dozens of plants and animals they had seen. Ten plants, two fish, eleven birds, and eleven mammals were new to science. He also recorded details about each Indian tribe they had met along the trail, describing their culture, language, and what they ate.

Mapmaker, Mapmaker, make me a map…

Clark spent his spare time drawing charts and maps. Even though the Corps had failed to find a water route across the continent, the maps Clark would create were probably the most important thing that came from the journey. When the Expedition left St. Louis in 1804, Clark took along the best maps available. He had a large comprehensive map, drafted by Nicholas King in 1803, with a longitude and latitude grid accurately showing the course of the lower Missouri River, as well as the Pacific Coast. Clark’s job was to fill in the blank area in the middle of that map. During the winter of 1805 at Fort Clatsop, Clark consolidated his field notes covering their journey west from North Dakota to the Pacific Ocean. He made a series of small maps that were used to create a large detailed map after the journey was over. Clark kept detailed field notes in his journal showing courses and

cont page 6

Michael Perry enjoys local history and travel. His popular 33-installment Lewis & Clark series appeared in Columbia River Reader’s early years and helped shape its identity and zeitgeist. After two encores, the series has been expanded and published in a book. Details, pages 2, 43.

In AprIl 2021 we Introduced A revIsed versIon of Michael Perry’s popular series which was expanded In the new book, Dispatches from the Discovery Trail, edited by Hal Calbom and published by CRRPress. It includes an in-depth author interview and new illustrations and commentary.

The view from Ecola Point on the trail across Tillamook Head, north of Cannon Beach, along the route that Capt. Clark and 12 men (plus Sacajawea) took in January 1806 to get to the whale that had washed ashore near Cannon Beach. Clark wrote that he saw “inoumerable rocks of emence Sise out at a distance from the Shore and against which the Seas brak with great force gives this Coast a most romantic appearance.”

Lewis & Clark from page 6

distances traveled each day. If Clark assumed cartographers would use his painstakingly recorded traverse to create accurate maps after the journey was completed, he was wrong. Amazingly, nobody had ever used Clark’s field notes to create a set of maps. For almost 200 years, those field notes were ignored until a resident of Vancouver, Washington, published a three-volume set of Lewis and Clark Trail Maps. Martin Plamondon II, a descendent of Southwest Washington cont page 7

pioneer Simon Plamondon, worked for 30 years to create a set of more than 500 maps covering the entire 7,400-mile route Lewis and Clark took.

Sadly, Plamondon died just before his third and final volume was published in 2004. Plamondon’s maps make the Expedition journals come to life in a way previously impossible. Captain Clark would have loved these maps. More on this in Episode 32.

William Clark’s map of the mouth of the Columbia River shows Cape Disappointment (on the Washington side) and Point Adams (on the Oregon side) at the bottom, with Tongue Point in the center towards the top (Clark named it “Point William”). The dot in the river at the upper left that says “Rock” is Pillar Rock where Clark first saw the ocean on Nov. 7, 1805… see the notation to the left of that dot that reads “Encampment 7th Nov. 1805 - Ocian in View.” Additional notations along the Washington shore show where they camped on Nov. 8 – 9 and Nov. 10 – 15, and Nov. 15 – 25… then, up by Tongue Point, Clark shows where they camped on Nov. 26, and then from Nov. 27 – 30.

from page 7

Would the Corpsmen recognize today’s Fort Clatsop?

Martin Plamondon’s third volume of his Trail Maps, published in 2004, challenges several assumptions about the expedition in the Pacific Northwest. One example is his drawing of Fort Clatsop that is significantly different from the 1955 reconstruction that burned down in October 2005, and was rebuilt a year later using the same 1955 layout. Rather than two rows of rooms (three rooms in one row and four rooms in the other), separated by a 20-foot wide parade ground with a gate at each end, Plamondon thought the fort was actually U-shaped and consisted of three rows of connected rooms, with a walled stockade that extended out from the open end.

In 2005, before Fort Clatsop burned down, Scott Stonum, Fort Clatsop’s resource management chief, agreed the 50-year old layout might have been inaccurate. “We do not claim that the fort replica is an exact replica,” he said. The 1955 fort reconstruction was based on a preliminary design Captain Clark drew, whereas Plamondon’s drawing was based on the journal entries by three of the men who built the original fort. The best description was recorded by Pvt. Joseph Whitehouse, but the 1955 replica builders did not have access to Whitehouse’s writings since his journal was not discovered until 1966.

On December 11, 1805, Whitehouse wrote

“We raised one line of our huts today.” This line probably formed the bottom end of the “U” and contained three rooms, one of which was the smokehouse. On December 13th, Sgt. John Ordway wrote “we raised another line of our huts and began the last line of our huts forming three sides of a square and 7 rooms 16 by 18 feet large. the other square we intend to picket and have gates at the two corners, so as to have a defensive fort.” The next day, Whitehouse wrote “We finished raising the line of huts, & began to cover one of them, which Our officers intend for a Meat house &ca.” Whitehouse also wrote that “Fort Clatsop lay a small distance back, from the West bank of [the Netul] River. The fort was built in the form of an oblong Square, & the front of it facing the River, was picketed in, & had a Gate on the North & one on the South side of it.”

Wintering Over

Historical re-enactors participate in regular demonstrations and special occasions at Fort Clatsop, Lewis and Clark National Historical Park. During the Bicentennial Commemoration, for example, park visitors exchanged Christmas gifts with Expedition “members.”

Diane Kenneway Escrow Closer / Assistant

Celinda Northrup Escrow Officer / LPO

Alison Peters Escrow Officer / LPO

Lewis and CLark nationaL HistoriCaL Park nationaL Park serviCe

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Where to find the new Reader

It’s delivered all around the River by the 15th of each month. Here’s the list of handy, regularly-refilled sidewalk box and rack locations where you can pick up a copy any time of day and even in your bathrobe:

LONGVIEW

U.S. Bank

Post Office

Bob’s (rack, main check-out)

In front of 1232 Commerce Ave

In front of 1323 Commerce Ave

YMCA

Fred Meyer (rack, service desk)

Teri’s

Grocery Outlet

Gifted Kitchen (711 Vandercook Way)

Fibre Fed’l CU - Commerce Ave

The Carriage Restaurant & Lounge

WORKSHOPS

Monticello Hotel (front entrance)

Kaiser Permanente St. John Medical Center (rack, Park Lake Café)

LCC Student Center

Indy Way Diner

Columbia River Reader Office

1333 14th Ave. (box at door)

Omelettes & More (entry rack)

Stuffy’s II (entry rack)

Broadway Barrel Room

Columbia River Reader BOOK BOUTIQUE

Gift Books Lewis & Clark, Astoria, Columbia River ... poetry, history, 5 titles, see pg 2

Gift Subscriptions for yourself or a friend!

Mon-Wed-Fri 11am–3pm

Other times by chance or appointment

1333 14th Ave, Longview

EXPLORE

Longview Outdoor Gallery

Unique sculptures along the sidewalks of Downtown Longview, both sides of Commerce Ave.

KELSO

Visitors’ Center / Kelso-Longview Chamber of Commerce

KALAMA

Fibre Fed’l CU

Kalama Shopping Center corner of First & Fir

McMenamin’s Harbor Lodge (rack)

WOODLAND

The Oak Tree

Visitors’ Center

Grocery Outlet

Luckman Coffee

Antidote (rack)

CASTLE ROCK

Lacie Rha’s Cafe (32 Cowlitz W.)

Parker’s Restaurant (box, entry)

Visitors’ Center 890 Huntington Ave.

N., Exit 49, west side of I-5

Cascade Select Market

RYDERWOOD

Café porch

TOUTLE

Drew’s Grocery & Service

CLATSKANIE

Post Office

Mobil / Mini-Mart

Fultano’s Pizza

WESTPORT

Berry Patch (entry rack)

RAINIER

Post Office

Cornerstone Café

Rainier Hardware (rack, entry)

Earth ‘n’ Sun (on Hwy 30)

El Tapatio (entry rack)

Grocery Outlet

Senior Center (rack at front door)

DEER ISLAND

Deer Island Store

COLUMBIA CITY - Post Office

WARREN

Warren Country Inn

ST HELENS Chamber of Commerce

Sunshine Pizza

St. Helens Market Fresh

Olde Town:

Wild Currant, Tap into Wine, Molly’s Market

Safeway

SCAPPOOSE Post Office

Road Runner

Fultano’s

Ace Hardware

WARRENTON, OR

Fred Meyer

CATHLAMET

Cathlamet Pharmacy

Tsuga Gallery

Realty West

Puget Island Ferry Landing

SKAMOKAWA

Skamokawa General Store

NASELLE Appelo Archives & Café

Johnson’s One-Stop

See ad, page 4, 37

The Broadway Gallery

See ad, page 32

Miss Manners from page 4

These are grown adults asking me this, not my students. I can’t get over how rude this is. Is there a way to handle this situation other than to roll my eyes and become sarcastic? Is a polished professional that rare these days?

GENTLE READER: Yes, a polished look is now rare, which is all the more reason to expose high school students to it. And to teach it to grown-ups, whose motive with these questions can only be to lower your standards to meet theirs.

“No,” Miss Manners suggests you explain, “these are everyday clothes. I don’t wear my gym clothes to work.”

DEAR MISS MANNERS: When you invite someone to lunch, on you, isn’t it rude if they ask to bring someone else? It puts you in an awkward position, doesn’t it?

GENTLE READER: Not if you respond, “Not this time -- I was looking forward to a lunch with just the two of us.”

DEAR MISS MANNERS: How can I politely send regrets to an invitation to a coin shower without feeling obligated to send a contribution? (I plan to give a cash wedding gift, as the couple requested.)

The shower invitation provides a phone number and an address in another state. I don’t know the hosts. Is it gauche to reply by text?

GENTLE READER: “Coin shower”? And this, Miss Manners is to understand, is only the warm-up to the “cash tsunami” that is the wedding? How charming.

But you only asked about how to send your reply. A text is probably fine, given the casual circumstances. But a handwritten response is always better -- if only to show that the guests are less gauche than their money-grubbing hosts.

DEAR MISS MANNERS: So far this year, I have lost five friends, all of whom had social media accounts. Some of them

have surviving loved ones who now post in their memory, but the others don’t. Either way, the social media site keeps reminding me about their birthdays.

It feels rude to “unfriend” someone who has died, but it also seems wrong to wish them a happy birthday if they have passed away. What to do?

cont page 38

AI-generated Essay on ArtificiaI Intelligence

By Chat GPT, Commissioned by Perry Piper

Directions from Perry: “Write a 500-word funny opinion piece on the fears of how AI will affect the elderly, but throw in a few positives, as well.” It wrote just 311 words. A slacker! No wonder schools are prohibiting students’ use of AI for their writing assignments

As a senior citizen myself, I have to admit that I’m a little worried about the rise of artificial intelligence (AI). I mean, sure, I love the idea of having a robot assistant to help me with tasks around the house, but what if it starts taking over my life? What if it starts making all of my decisions for me? Will I even be needed anymore?

But then I start thinking about all the potential benefits of AI for people my age. For one, it could make life a lot easier for us. Imagine having a robot to do all of the heavy lifting for you, or to fetch things from high shelves. No more struggling to reach that jar of pickles!

AI could also be a great companion for seniors who live alone. Having a robot to talk to and keep you company could make all the difference in the world. And let’s not forget about all

the medical benefits of AI. Imagine having a robot nurse that could help you with your medication and check your vitals on a daily basis. No more awkward visits to the doctor’s office!

Of course, there are always going to be concerns about job displacement and the ethical implications of using AI to care for the elderly. But I think it’s important to remember that technology has always changed the way we live and work, and it will continue to do so. The key is to embrace these changes and find ways to make them work for us, rather than fearing them.

So yes, I’m a little scared about the impact of AI on the elderly. But I’m also excited about the possibilities it could bring. As long as we approach it with caution and an open mind, I think we can all benefit from the advances that AI has to offer.

NOTES FROM MY LIVES

by Andre Stepankowsky

Mystery letter a window into America’s segregated past

Old and sporting an imposing title, a book recently donated to the Longview Library seemed like a lackluster find — until you opened it and found a 68-year-old letter that is a window into the history of American segregation.

My wife, Paula, is a volunteer of Friends of the Longview Library, which raises money for library projects. One of the group’s activities is sorting through the hundreds of books donated each year. Volunteers screen them for possible addition to the library’s collection, inclusion in public book sales or —for more valuable books — online marketing.

Among the recent donations was a blue hardback published in 1954 called Existentialism and the Modern Predicament by F. H. Hinemann, a noted writer on philosophical topics. The book had been checked out of the Washington, D.C., library system and never returned.

Hinemann is not exactly good bedtime reading. But folded inside the book was a letter typed on Southern Pacific Railway stationery dated Feb. 23, 1955, from Washington, D.C.

It is addressed to J.R. Engelhart from C.T. Hunt. It appears to be a reprimand from Hunt to Engelhart based on an eyewitness account Hunt received from a passenger named J.E. Bowie. It is about an incident on a train between Washington, D.C., and Alexandria,Virginia, on Feb. 18, 1955.

Bowie reported that Car S-1 had only nine seats sold and that “there were approximately 12 or 14 colored passengers seeking space.” Bowie said he told Engelhart of this, but that Engelhart made no effort to assign these seats to the waiting passengers.

Bowie said he, himself, had gotten three seats on the train and that when he walked through the coaches from Washington to Alexandria, he saw “no evidence of overloading.”

Hunt’s letter asks Engelhart: “Please advise why you did not carry out your duties as instructed.”

Judging from the browning of its edges, the letter had been in the book a long time. We have no idea how the book and letter came to Longview, or who donated them.

The letter coincided with a significant time in racial desegregation. In 1954, the U.S. Supreme Court’s Brown v. Board ruling made public school segregation illegal. On Dec. 1, 1955, Rosa Parks boosted the civil rights movement by refusing to give up her bus seat to a white man in Montgomery, Alabama. In January 1956, the Interstate Commerce Commission prohibited racial segregation on interstate trains and passenger buses.

The letter documents how routine racism was in 1955 and reminds us of the many forgotten people who opposed segregation. People like Mr. Hunt.

“Wow! What an amazing find!” Jerry McCoy, special collections librarian at the Martin Luther King Memorial Library in Washington, D.C., wrote to Paula after she approached the library about the letter.

“By 1955 Union Station in Washington, D.C ., had long been the demarcation point for passenger trains traveling south to become segregated (the Alexandria, Virginia station was only a few minutes away on the other side of the Potomac River).”

The book and letter are now at the Martin Luther King Memorial Library. The Friends of the Library are eager to find out what more researchers there may learn.

“While it may be impossible to determine the identities of the individuals that were mentioned in the letter,” McCoy wrote,“we would certainly like to attempt to do so (especially the identification of J.E. Bowie).” •••

Award winning journalist Andre Stepankowsky is a former reporter and editor for The Daily News. His CRR column will spring from his many interests, including hiking, rose gardening, music, and woodworking. More of his writing is available through his online newsletter on substack.com by searching for “Lower Columbia Currents.”

A Different Way of Seeing

THE TIDEWATER REACH

TRACKS

Bird life remains abundant in the tidewater reach. In fact, thanks to habitat we have provided, the double-crested cormorant has become super-abundant, preying on young salmon and befouling the Astoria bridge with guano. Lewis and Clark paid special attention to bird life. One accounting claims the expedition discovered and named more than 50 new species of birds, while recording the presence of 120 familiar fowl.

On this page we excerpt poems, pictures and field notes from our own “Field Guide to the Lower Columbia River in Poems and Pictures,” The Tidewater Reach, by Gray’s River resident and renowned naturalist Robert Michael Pyle, and Cathlamet photographer Judy VanderMaten.

The two dreamed for years of a collaborative project, finally realized when Columbia River Reader Press published color and black and white editions of The Tidewater Reach in 2020, and a third, hybrid edition in 2021, all presenting “a different way of seeing” our beloved Columbia River.

Gulls at Rest

On the bridge lie gray lumps like so many dust-bunnies blowing in the wakes of trucks, plucked and pummeled by the river wind. From the Astoria Bridge you see wraiths rising in the morning sun from sandbar humps: divots from the dredge’s work, haunted by fogs and damps escaping river mud, too light to stay behind.

Every drain-hole clogged with grass, like so many green muffs. How the wind howls through, how the spindrift catches in those stranded turves. All above the rails the gulls float past, sickle-wristed, playing with the wind, eyeing the sands for stranded clams and fish. Lighter than the river-wraiths, too light to fall below.

It’s the young gray gulls that go down, missing the practiced flick of wing that tips a weightless body away from death. Gray tumps of feather and bone that blow away in time, fertilize the drain-hole grass, settle into mizzling rain and rising wraiths, but never blend with bridge. Too heavy to live, too light to fly anymore.

For information on ordering, as well as our partner bookshops and galleries, see pages 2 and 43.

Poem by Robert Michael Pyle • Photograph by Judy VanderMaten

Field Note by Hal Calbom

Dinner and a night at the Oscars!

Menu based on food movies sets stage for watching the awards

Going to the movies is a favorite American pastime. Whether you love dramas, comedies, horror films, love stories, or foodie flicks, there seems to be something for everyone. In 2022, more than 15 million Americans watched the Oscars, the 94th Academy Awards Ceremony. This year, the Oscars will be on television March 12, 2023, at 5:00 pm PST.

All About the Oscars

Many people in the movie industry and viewers of the award ceremony consider the Oscars the most prestigious awards presented in the U.S. entertainment industry. Participants in the American film industry are awarded Oscars for artistic and technical merit. There are five main Oscar award categories: Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actor, Best Actress, and Best Screenplay, original or adapted.

Top Foodie Movies

Unfortunately, this year no food-centric movies made it onto the Oscar nominee list. However, here is a list of some of the top food-centric films made over the last 52 years.

Chef (2014)

The Lunchbox (2014)

Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (2009)

Julia & Julia (2009)

No Reservations (2007)

Ratatouille (2007)

Waitress (2007)

Last Holiday (2006) A romantic comedy with great food

Under the Tuscan Sun (2003) A romantic comedy but also a foodie film

Chocolat (2000)

Big Night (1996)

Willie Wonka and the Chocolate Factory (1971)

Food and Movies

By Tracy Beard

Current Nominees

The Best Picture is the most important category to me, and the nominees this year are:

All Quiet on the Western Front Avatar: The Way of Water

The Banshees of Inisherin

Everything Everywhere All at Once

The Fabelmans

Top Gun: Maverick

Triangle of Sadness

Women Talking

Find the nominees for other categories at: https://www.oscars. org/oscars/ceremonies/2023

Most people love food, and many enjoy watching movies about food, so why not put the two together? This year, when watching the Oscars, enjoy a fabulous dinner created from famous food movie recipes.

In the movie Last Holiday, Queen Latifa plays the role of Georgia Bird, a woman that loves to cook but never eats the fruits of her labor. She idolizes Chef Emeril Lagasse, a famous chef in New Orleans. During the movie, she becomes convinced that she will die, so her outlook on life dramatically shifts.

I love this famous line in the movie. “Food, of course, is a metaphor for how to live: if you want to taste life in full, don’t ask the “chef” to make any “substitutions” As Georgia (Queen Latifa) remarks, “You wait, and you wait for something big to happen in life, and then you find out you’re gonna die.” So, turn your “Book of Possibilities” into a “Book of Realities,” pursue your dreams now, and live without regrets. This train of thought is a widespread message in Hollywood films, but Last Holiday gives it a delicious twist.

NMLS# 186805

DELICIOUS DISHES FROM FAMOUS MOVIES

Creole Roasted Duck Hash en Croute – my version on crostini for six people

2 duck breasts

4 Tbl butter

1 duck liver, chopped

4 Tbl onion, finely chopped

1 Tbl orange zest

1 Tbl brandy

1 baguette – 6 large slices, cut at an angle

Olive oil

Salt and pepper to taste

2 Tbl fresh parsley, chopped

Roast the duck breasts at 400°F for about 30 minutes or until 165 degrees internally. Set aside. Sauté the bacon, onions, duck livers, and orange rind in the butter. Add brandy. Let this mixture cook for about 5 minutes over moderate heat. Skin the duck breasts and cut them into bite-size pieces. Mix with the sauteed ingredients and salt and pepper

Scene from Last Holiday.

to taste. Drizzle baguette slices with olive oil and toast on a grill or under the broiler until golden brown on both sides. Top the baguette slices with duck hash and serve. Top with parsley.

Another of my favorite movies is Under the Tuscan Sun. The film, based on the book written by Frances Mayes, features many delicious Italian recipes. Here is one tasty recipe from her book. It is similar to a recipe I made while staying in Rome:

Eggplant Involtini – serves 8

3 Tbl extra-virgin olive oil, plus more for the parchment

1 large eggplant, cut lengthwise into 8 slices

1Tbl fresh oregano leaves or 1½ teaspoons dried

1 tsp salt

½ tsp pepper

1 28-ounce can of whole tomatoes, drained of most liquid, chopped

1 yellow onion, chopped

1 garlic clove, minced

8 slices prosciutto

8 slices mozzarella

1 ounce (¼ cup) grated

Parmigiano-Reggiano

Preheat the oven to 400ºF. Oil

a parchment-lined baking sheet pan. Place the eggplant slices on the pan and brush on both sides with 2 tablespoons of olive oil. Sprinkle with oregano, salt, and pepper. Bake for 10 minutes, turning once after 5 minutes.

While the eggplant is in the oven, make tomato sauce. Chop tomatoes in a food processor. In a medium skillet over medium heat, sauté the onion for 2 to 3 minutes in the remaining 1 tablespoon of olive oil, then add the garlic and sauté for another minute. Stir in the tomatoes and cook the mixture to blend the flavors. Cook for about 2 minutes.

Remove the eggplant from the oven. Lower the temperature to 350ºF.

Place a slice of prosciutto and a slice of mozzarella on each slice of eggplant. Roll the pieces from the small end forward, and secure the bundle with a toothpick or by tying a chive around it.

Cover a 9 x 13-inch baking dish with a layer of tomato sauce, and arrange the eggplant rolls seam side down. Spread more sauce over each bundle and sprinkle with Parmigiano. Warm in the oven for about 15 minutes.

Tracy Beard, writes about luxury and adventure travel, traditional and trendy fine dining and libations for regional, national and international magazines. She is in her eighth year as CRR’s “Out & About” columnist. She lives in Longview, Wash.

This next recipe gives another nod to New Orleans and the movie Last Holiday. New Orleans Crab Cakes

1 egg

1 package ZATARAIN’s crab cake mix

2/3 cups mayonnaise

1 pound fresh lump crabmeat

Vegetable oil for pan frying

Mix the first four ingredients. Shape into cakes and fry until golden brown in vegetable oil. Having something tasty to sip on while watching a movie is always a good idea. Although The Big Lebowski starring Jeff Bridges, is not a foodie movie, his character’s favorite drink is a luscious white Russian, and the film made the drink quite famous.

White Russian or a White Russian with Chocolate

The Dude’s Favorite Drink

1 oz Kahlúa

1-½ ounce vodka

1 ounce heavy cream

Chocolate sauce - optional

Shake the liquor with ice and pour over the rocks in a nice glass. Top with cream You can dress it up by adding a little chocolate sauce to the glass before pouring in the cocktail, yummy.

Before you sit down to watch your favorite actors and actresses take

the stage at the Oscars, make these tasty dishes to enjoy during all the excitement. Hopefully, our famous actors and actresses with be respectful this year, and they will all keep their hands to themselves during the 95th Academy Awards.

The Dude enjoying a White Russiam.

Largest Bookstore in the County

Find antiques, collectibles & more...plus ‘Deep River’ author at Redmen Hall in March

The Friends of Skomokawa’s River Life Interpretive Center will host two special events this March. The Center is located in the 120-plus years old Central Schoolhouse/ Redmen Hall Building overlooking historic

Skamokawa and the Columbia River. The Center is home to interpretive exhibits, the “largest bookstore in Wahkiakum County,” and a re-creation of an 1890s-era schoolhouse classroom.

The Annual Antique & Vintage Sale will be held10am-4pm Friday and Saturday, and Sunday Noon-4pm, March 10th through 12th. You will find antique furniture, tools, collections, kitchen items, and much more at this vintage sale. A portion of all proceeds will benefit the Friends of Skamokawa, which manages the Center. (See ad, facing page).

Karl Marlantes

The second event is a program about the historic novel, Deep River , by New York Times bestselling author Karl Marlantes. His novel is historically researched and tells the story of a Finnish logging community along the Columbia River during the early 1900s and the trials, tribulations, and love triangles of protagonist Aino Koski, a young woman fleeing Russian persecutors and finding her way into the Pacific Northwest. Mr. Marlantes will present at the River Life Interpretive center for a program and book signing immediately

following the Saturday, March 11 Antique Sale at 4pm. He traveled to Skomokawa to research this craft of history and drama. For more information about the Antique and Vintage Sale, including being a vendor, or about the book signing and program, please contact the Friends of Skamokawa at 360795-3007. You can also learn more about these events and the Life Interpretive Center at www. friendsofskomokawa.org. The Center, located at 1394 WA-4, is open Thurs-Sunday 12–4pm and by appointment during the winter.

Story and photos by Joseph Govednik, Cowlitz County Historical Museum Director

Photos: Skamokawa’s Redmen Hall overlooking the Columbia River. Items offered in a past sale. Redmem Hall features a good assortment of books on local topics.

For information about sponsorship opportunities: publisher@crreader.com or Ned Piper, 360-740-2632.

A Century on the Lower Columbia ViewLong THE

PEOPLE+PLACE ~ THEN AND NOW

As a Christian athlete, I glorify God by encouraging my teammates, keeping a positive attitude, and working hard.”

Weatherguard supports the FCA vision: To see the world transformed by Jesus Christ through the influence of coaches and athletes.

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Hardy

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QUIPS & QUOTES

Selected by Debra Tweedy

I am going to try to pay attention to the spring. I am going to look around at all the flowers, and look up at the hectic trees. I am going to close my eyes and listen.

--Anne Lamott, American writer, 1954-

Expect to have hope rekindled. Expect your prayers to be answered in wondrous ways. The dry seasons in life do not last. The spring rains will come again.

--Sarah Ban Breathnach, American author and public speaker

Life isn’t long enough to do all you could accomplish. And what a privilege even to be alive. In spite of all the pollutions and horrors, how beautiful this world is. Supposing you only saw the stars once every year. Think what you would think. The wonder of it!

--Tasha Tudor, American illustrator and writer of children’s books, 1915-2008

Perhaps, after all, our best thoughts come when we are alone. It is good to listen, not to voices but to the wind blowing, to the brook running cool over polished stones, to bees drowsy with the weight of pollen. If we attend to the music of the earth, we reach serenity. And then, in some unexplained way, we share it with others.

--Gladys Taber, American author and columnist, 1899-1980

Richelle Gall

717 Vandercook Way • Suite 120 Kelso, WA 98626 • 360-414-3101

It seems to me that the natural world is the greatest source of excitement; the greatest source of visual beauty; the greatest source of intellectual interest. It is the greatest source of so much in life that makes life worth living.

--Sir David Attenborough, English broadcaster, biologist and author, 1926That is one good thing about this world— there are always sure to be more Springs.

--L.M. Montgomery, Canadian author, 18741942

The air is like a butterfly With frail blue wings. The happy earth looks at the sky And sings.

--Joyce Kilmer, “Spring,” American poet, 18861918

March came in that winter like the meekest and mildest of lambs, bringing days that were crisp and golden and tingling, each followed by a frosty pink twilight, which gradually lost itself in an elf land of moonshine.

--L.M. Montgomery, Canadian author, 18741942

Longview native Debra Tweedy has lived on four continents. She and her husband decided to return to her hometown and bought a house facing Lake Sacajawea.“We came back because of the Lake and the Longview Public Library,” she says.

painting 16

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x 20 inches acrylic paint on canvas • by Joe Fischer

SPONSOR PARTNERS

PEOPLE+PLACE PARTNERS

Busack Electric

Cowlitz PUD

Don & Andrea Cullen

Cutright Supply

Evans Kelly Family

Joe M. Fischer

Richelle Gall Insurance

The Lee Family NORPAC

Michael & Marilyn Perry

Perry E. Piper

Port of Longview

RiverCities Transit

Weatherguard, Inc

LEGACY PARTNERS

Merrilee Bauman

Linda Calbom

Elam’s Furniture

The Gebert Family

Robert & Pauline Kirchner

Kirkpatrick Family Care

Edward Jones • Nick Lemiere

The Minthorn Family

Rodman Realty, Inc.

Holly & GM Roe

Sessions Plumbing

Stirling Honda

Teague’s Interiors

1923

A year-long feature series written and photographed by Southwest Washington native and Emmy Award-winning journalist Hal Calbom

productIon notes

Dammed if you do...

people + place

O ur regi O n ’ s dams represent many things to many people. We describe them in language which reflects our own preoccupations and prejudices —  the spirit of our times, the economy, our politics, our interpretations of history.

The positives are familiar: flood control, drylands irrigation, improved shipping, and a rich supply of abundant hydroelectric power. The negatives, too: fish kills, natural habitat wiped out, native heritage destroyed, an indentured slavery to the demands of commerce.

Before we damn the dams, though, or damn them with faint praise, read some history. Read it not just for observed errors and

miscues and regrettable decisions, but for the sighs of relief, the self-satisfactions, the lessening of toil, the goal of the moment, the spirit of the place. The context.

In his book The Columbia , reporter Stewart Holbrook wrote a sensitive, sophisticated treatment of the plight of salmon in the new culture of dams — especially since he was writing in the “go-go” expansionist 1950s. But he also harkened back, in a following paragraph, to the now submerged and subdued Cascade Rapids:

At last the “Great Shute” of Lewis and Clark, the place of labored portage alike of trappers, immigrants, and steamboat freight and passengers, lay untroubled in the quiet waters behind Bonneville Dam. The dreaded barrier was gone.

The “labored portage.” “The dreaded barrier.” “The quiet waters.” History misleads us if we strip it of its context, of its time and place, of its emotional charge. Our 20/20 hindsight may still  condemn it. But we’ll leaven our judgments with empathy, perspective and thoughtfulness.

where we’ve Been • where we’re GoInG

The Long View project pairs history with modern context. To celebrate Longview’s 100th

birthday, Columbia River Reader is expanding its monthly “People+Place” feature to contrast the historical “Then” with the contemporary “Now.”

“It’s important to look back and celebrate the past,” said publisher Susan Piper, “but equally important to track the changes that make us what we are today. How close are we to the founders’ vision? What remains? What’s entirely new?”

Thanks to tremendous community support (see Partner Spotlights, page 26), the Reader will present 12 months of “People+Place Then and Now” reportage, then combine and expand these features into a commemorative book. The Long View: A Planned City and

America’s Last Frontier written by Hal Calbom, with a foreword by John M. McClelland, III.

The Reader is coordinating with the Longview Centennial Committee, led by Reed Hadley, to publicize civic activities and celebrations (see Centennial Countdown, page 26) and will host a Book Launch Gala June 30, 2023.

THEN AND NOW

1. Developing Dreams

2. Empire of Trees

3. Heavy Lifting

4. Work Force

5. Waste Not, Want Not

“THE DREADED BARRIER WAS GONE”

Stewart Holbrook

Darkness and Light

THEN

people+place then

The Dark Decade

The 1930s catastrophe that shook the world and the nation, the Great Depression, hit the fledgling Planned City on the Columbia especially hard.

Longview’s potential was grand, its ambitions mighty, but they banked on aggressive growth and accelerating prosperity: The roaring 20s had built the theater and set the stage, the 30s would kick the show into high gear. Instead, to continue the metaphor, the seats sat empty and the box office closed for business, the actors were out of work and the investors out of money.

THEY BANKED ON AGGRESSIVE GROWTH AND ACCELERATING PROSPERITY

The city built with global ambitions would begin to rebound only at the end of the decade, thanks to an even greater global catastrophe, the second World War. Suddenly the shrewd siting of the city on the deepwater Columbia paid huge benefits. The coming of hydropower, the demand for war materiel, and the cranking up of America’s huge industrial capacity all directly benefited and revived Longview.

It would change the city forever. Its founder gone, his great company in ruins, a seismic shift in its economy and governing would thrust Longview onto the national and even international stage. Popular wisdom has since liked to say Grand Coulee Dam and the Columbia River won World War II. If so, the Planned City contributed more than its fair share in shaping what would soon be known as The American Century.

Signs of trouble appeared well before the stock market crash in October, 1929. Two years earlier a sharp drop in construction nationwide had rocked the lumber

industry. Unsold inventory crowded the docks. Long-Bell’s dividend shrunk to only a dollar a share. It would be the last the company would pay. And the slide grew worse:

cont page 19

The Great Depression hits Long-Bell and Longview; their second great resource, water, eases the pain.

A new energy strategy emerges: Less is more, industry and consumers go green.

By the end of 1931 half the men who had worked in the mills and forests of Washington and Oregon were looking for jobs. Many mills, including Long-Bell’s manufactured lumber and sold it at less than cost, just to stay open.

Lenore Bradley Robert Alexander Long

It was a world in crisis, not just their region. In 1929 the Japanese had dramatically increased tariffs and, according to Lenore Bradley, “dealt a body blow to exporting mills.” Oceangoing vessels that had supported trade with China, India and Australia, besides Japan, no longer made Longview a port of call.

The End of the Beginning

John M. McClelland, Jr. divides Longview’s first five decades into three periods. “The first were the remarkable beginning years from 1923 to 1930. The second period was unfortunate. It was the stagnant Depression that brought nearly everything to a standstill from 1930 until 1940.” The third takes us to the mid-1970s, “35 years of municipal adulthood.”

The 1930s were Longview’s struggling adolescence. Everything was half-formed, so its fits and starts were dramatic and its  challenges blatant. Fledgling social services rushed into action, neighbors looked for ways to care for each other. At the risk of the dreaded “socialism” the community even began to look for public action to combat its private problems, with the necessary increase in governmental regulation and administration. The seeds of two of Longview’s proudest accomplishments, its PUD and its community college, can be traced to the mid-thirties.

Still clinging to Long-Bell’s skirts made the town highly volatile and vulnerable. Most people clung to the single-minded belief that — despite resolutely insisting it was no mere Company Town — in the end the Company could and would support them. It was a dangerous co-dependence. Besides acting as employer and financier, the company was expected to be chief educator, city manager, church and community organizer, all-purpose supplier and savior.

Until suddenly it wasn’t.

Company losses in 1931 had reached $5 million, liabilities exceeded assets by $34 million, interest on the $19 million debt accumulated. The debt now frightened Long.

Lenore Bradley

Robert Alexander Long

The founder, now 81 years old, was assailed from all sides. Struggling individuals pleaded for relief and additional social services. Disgruntled executives and shareholders, even family members, attacked the crumbling company for its codependencies. Critics claimed, explicitly, and publicly, that LongBell’s financial woes resulted directly from its extravagant expenditures out west.

The Dream of His Eyes

On March 15, 1934, Robert Alexander Long died after a short illness, at age 84. Typically among his few regrets was that his financial decline had prevented him fulfilling some of his many philanthropic commitments, his giving.

Mr. Long (as he was always known) had hidden his true nature behind a placid, even meek persona. Somewhat frail and dandified in appearance, he could seem to present to Longview, and to posterity, a man more in his dotage than his prime. After all, he conceived the dream of his Planned City while in his eighth decade! But this was a grave  misapprehension. In a sketch of Long published in 1907, Kansas City editor George Creel tried to look behind the facade which already presented itself to the public:

At first glance there is nothing about him to suggest the captain of industry…but in the breadth of his forehead and the dream of his eyes, lies the secret of Mr. Long’s success. He has come to the top by sheer mental force, by power of imagination. Most men of affairs fear imagination and sedulously abstain from ever looking up at the stars. Not so with Mr. Long, for inquiry among those who knew him best develops that he was never at any time a slave the the usual, a devotee of routine. His eyes were never on the ground. He thought big from the first, and his mental grasp was huge.

HE THOUGHT BIG FROM THE FIRST, AND HIS MENTAL GRASP WAS HUGE

“When people talk listen completely. Don’t be thinking what you’re going to say.

Most people never listen.”

~ Ernest Hemingway, American writer From Across the River and into the Trees

Other writers and historians have pointed out this seeming contradiction in Mr. Long, the churchy, abstemious lumber baron gallivanting across the country in a private Gilded Age railroad car. Stewart Holbrook writes tellingly in his book, The Columbia: “Long was a pious man, markedly humble in religious matters but in no matter humble elsewhere.”

John McClelland, Jr. had a fine sense of the man, pointing out in his 75th Anniversary edition of R.A. Long’s Planned City that few of Mr. Long’s original achievements endured. His company had been broken up and absorbed by Eastern giants; his model farm abandoned; his Kansas City mansion become a museum. But one “dream of his eyes” had in fact flourished:

But far out in the valley of the Cowlitz, the city that began as a plan and a dream not only endures but grows and prospers. The name R.A. Long is as commonly used in 1998 in Longview as it was when the man himself was alive. Longview, it turns out, is the means by which a man who wanted very much to be remembered is remembered.

Photos, this page, top: Pike polers “chuting” logs being dumped into a pond; opposite page, above: cedar shingle bolts ready for transport.

Photos courtesy of Longview Public Library.

Near right: Log ponds were the ubiquitous storage and marshaling yards. Opposite, right: Two stories’ worth: 700 cords of shingle bolts await shaking and shingling. Photos courtesy of Cowlitz County Historical Museum.

Putting Water to Work

Meanwhile the depression deepened and Longview suffered. In 1935 the city built for 50 thousand counted only 12,000, and added only 385 more by 1940. Survival was the strategy of the day, and it applied across the board, from residents to small businesses to the larger industries — small economies, little efficiencies, facing challenges, out-thinking circumstances.

On the industrial side, Northwesterners doubled down on one of their most basic survival strategies: putting water, which was free, to work. The hardscrabble loggers and lumbermen in the thirties developed ever more creative uses of the region’s “other” great natural resource.

It didn’t take the Bureau of Reclamation, Corps of Engineers, or Federal Power Commission to demonstrate to the denizens of southwest Washington the power of water  —  to float things, move things, and eventually power things. It can be argued that the plentiful supply of water — Virginia Urrutia named her history of Cowlitz County “They Came to Six Rivers” — was as crucial to local development as the huge stands of raw timber.

The Scandinavian loggers and lumbermen, of all people, needed no lessons in hydrology. The endless inventiveness of people extracting trees and sending them to market had forever relied on water to move the big brutes out of the woods and eventually to their customers.

It would be hydropower on a massive scale — with the completion of Bonneville and Grand Coulee dams on the Columbia — that would help the city and region shed the Depression and scale up industry and trade to fight a world war. In the meantime, the region was already using water power in a host of applications. The utilization of that power, the control of it and administration of it, would be among the most impactful stories of the 1930s.

We do not possess the river, no matter how we try. It possesses us, exacting a price for whatever we ask of it. It will keep within its banks, but the dikes must be strong. It will give us power if we dam it, but the price is high.

VIrginia Urrutia

They Came to Six Rivers

“Shingles Did It”

Three words, according to a local historian, explain the growth of Castle Rock, a community a few miles up the Cowlitz River from Longview. “Shingles did it,” said local historian Leland

cont page 21

WE DO NOT POSSESS THE RIVER, NO MATTER HOW WE TRY

Jackson. Hence, the harvesting, transport and processing of the cedar “shingle bolt” as but one example of the imagination, courage, and practical savvy of the pioneer loggers.

But, “like maverick calves,” bolts snagged themselves on rocks or roots; piled up and pressed by water, it might take days or even weeks to break a jam. Timber jams were worse, and some could stretch as far as five miles. Breaking up one historic jam, on the Coweeman River in 1923, required extreme measures — dynamite. Urrutia continues:

This was such an exciting event that nearby Goble Creek School was dismissed so that pupils could watch the jam break up. Dynamite blasted away the lower logs stuck between the cliffs; once this barrier broke, logs behind leaped free, some flying forty-five to fifty feet in the air, leaving waves in their wake that knocked down fences and flooded fields.

Power to the Person, Power to the People

Everywhere water pooled, or flowed downhill, seemed to stimulate an imaginative means of transport or storage. With logs plentiful, the woodsmen threw up hundreds of trestles, sluices and makeshift dams on the creeks and rivers of the southwest country. Then, like wild woodland cowboys they rode, bucked, corralled, poked and prodded — and even dynamited, when necessary — their way downstream.

The ability of their abundant water to create power, first through water wheels or heated to power steam engines, was never lost on the pioneers. Nor was the politicalization of power, whose generation and distribution was mainly in the hands of private parties and monopolies.

Here the contradictory character of the Pacific North-westerner emerged dramatically: disenchanted by an ineffectual government and a prolonged depression, people began to call for collective action. But collective action required planning, administration and regulation, and that’s what “governments” did. And in the politically charged 30s, “government” threatened that dread disease — socialism.

Shingle bolts began as cedar stump cuttings — the fellers left six to ten feet of clearance of stump which could be re-cut as “bolts,” sections of log 54 or 55 inches in length. Later lumbermen would harvest whole trees for bolts, as more and more settlement demanded more and more roofing. Once downstream to a sawmill, bolts could be wedge-split into “shakes” or sawn into “shingles” around 48 inches long.

The problem was getting them down the rivers.

When the log pond was filled with these bolts and river conditions were favorable the bolts were released into the river. A crew of shingle-bolt drivers, armed with pike poles and peavies, ran along the riverbanks or splashed waist deep in the water, sometimes even riding on the bolts, keeping them corralled as they spun along.

Viirginia Urrutia

They Came to Six Rivers

Don & Andrea Cullen

‘LIKE MAVERICK CALVES,’ BOLTS SNAGGED THEMSELVES ON ROCKS OR ROOTS

A bus crossing Kelso’s Allen Street Bridge, 1923.

Photo courtesy of Longview Public Library

from page 21

This conflict — individual liberty versus collective accountability, personal freedom versus organized action — raged around the world in the years before World War II. But especially for those in the brand new Northwest — so many of whom had come to escape constraints and breathe free air — the paradox of “having it both ways” would be stamped on their character forever:

Simultaneously dependent upon and contemptuous of the federal government, their creed, as historian Bernard DeVoto once described it, was ‘Get out and give us more money.’ Applying a brand of logic peculiar to westerners who prosper with the help of federal money, we understood the government-planned, government-run, and government-financed damming of the Columbia as an affirmation of our rugged individualism. We incorporated the harnessed river into our mythic West.

Blaine Harden

A River Lost

The Public’s Utility

The Washington State Legislature had, in late 1930, approved an initiative authorizing the creation of public utility districts.

By a vote of the people in any county, such districts, soon to become known as public utility districts, or PUDs, could be established and, if they could borrow enough capital, force any utility to sell out.

J.M. McClelland, Jr.

R.A. Long’s Planned City

COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN WATERWAYS AND DAMS

U.S.

“The venture into ‘socialism.’

That’s how author John McClelland, Jr. headed his section on the advent of public power in Cowlitz County. The irony is explicit. The public power movement had in many cases an inverse effect: rather than loosing wolves in sheep’s clothing, speculation run amok, it offered the tools of capitalism in the service of the public good. Roles were reversed: The sheep donned the wolves’ clothing and got down to business.

Using laws of eminent domain if necessary, the newly formed PUDs could set up business as the public’s advocate. With the depression still brutalizing local economies, the ability to control and potentially reduce power rates was a powerful incentive.

Still, it was the people’s vote. After a vigorous campaign in 1936, Cowlitz County voted for a PUD,  6,193 to 5,461. Due in many ways to Long-Bell’s active behindthe-scenes efforts to defeat the measure, Longview’s segment of the vote was close, too, 2,106 for and 1,836 against. Now the task became raising enough money to buy out the existing utility, Washington Gas and Electric Company.

Public Utilities were suddenly plunged into a world of high finance, issuing bonds, soliciting investors, fashioning elaborate and high-stakes deals. By 1940  they had a price and a bond issue:

$6.6 million dollars in 30-year revenue bonds issued by the utility, sold on Wall Street, and paid off by the ratepayers at interest rates averaging four percent. The PUD founders proved a quick study, but admittedly benefitted from good timing, too:

It was a fortuitous time for PUDs to make a beginning, since it was just after the first of the federal hydroelectric dams on the Columbia — Bonneville — came on line with the cheapest power in the nation. The lower rates promptly offered by the PUDs, therefore, were due more to harnessed falling water than public ownership of distribution systems.

J.M. McClelland, Jr.

R.A. Long’s Planned City

Cowlitz PUD cut rates twice in its first year of operation.

The National Player

Odd as it may seem growing up in a place that owed its very existence to federal money, I cannot recall anyone ever saying anything good about the government.

Blaine Harden A River Lost

Video games have been around for 52 years, whereas film began in 1895. Seeing rapid innovations over the decades, we’ve gone from Pong in two dimensions to photorealistic, massive worlds with player freedom that takes hundreds of hours to see all of it.

Virtual reality is the latest spin, turning gaming into a high-intensity fitness regime that is set to become an Olympic sport one day! VR is also being used for pain relief and comfort, for example letting a user suffering from a burn feel like they’re watching snowfall.

I am excited to see what the next 52 years of video game evolution will bring!

Longview is a microcosm for the tectonic shift created in America by the second world war. The fortuitous building in the 30s of what would become the worlds greatest power plant — the Columbia River system itself, which many glibly credited with winning the entire war — helped turn Longview from a relative backwater into a national player.

Well before Pearl Harbor, December, 1941, the United States committed to aiding its prospective allies. The government added its powerful subsidies to ramping up industry, and especially to boosting aluminum production, vital in constructing ships and airplanes.

Using its new access to cheap power as an incentive, Longview bid for a reduction plant planned by The Aluminum Corporation of America — Alcoa — but lost that contest to Vancouver. Soon the Reynolds Metals Company began shopping for a location to build its first western plant. Longview was desperate for this piece of business, and its payroll of 500 workers. It would be the first local industry that would not be using wood as its raw material.

After a day of vigorous lobbying at Portland’s Benson Hotel, the Longview delegation poised for the big decision, along with representatives from the competition, Portland and Astoria. McClelland offers a fond and personal recollection of the outcome:

In dramatic fashion, R.S. Reynolds announced the decision. Longview had been selected. The Longview Daily News, its editor elated, considered the news too big to wait until the next day. An extra edition was published. It was that important an event because it was the first really good thing that had happened to Longview since the Longview Fibre Company development 13 years previously.

J.M. McClelland, Jr.

R.A. Long’s Planned City

There would be hardships and austerities during the war — some 45 of Longview’s sons never returned — but the dark decade of the 30s was history. Like the entire country, Longview bootstrapped itself, driven by a national crisis and an activist government — there was little talk of socialism during the war — and never looked back. Virginia Urrutia:

In the fall of 1941, just before Pearl Harbor, Reynolds tapped its first pot of molten aluminum to be poured into ingots. By the spring of 1942 the plant was able to produce thirty thousand tons each year. By the end of the war in 1946, 642 were on the payroll, and Reynolds was the fourth largest industrial employer in Cowlitz Country. •••

IT WOULD BE THE FIRST LOCAL INDUSTRY THAT WOULD NOT BE USING WOOD AS RAW MATERIAL

Photos: Worker on the aluminum smelter potline (stock photo); Check dated Nov. 14, 1940, to buy out Washington Gas and Electric Company. Image courtesy of Cowlitz County PUD.

Proud Sponsor of People+Place Then and Now

Wilbur and Winston wait for their owners at the historic, Gothic Revival-styled Longview Community Church

The Lee Family

Vince and Susi; Tom and Joanna

Built in 1925 on land donated by R.A.Long, added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985, and still thriving.

Darkness and Light

THEN

The Great Depression hits Long-Bell and Longview; their second great resource, water, eases the pain.

NOW

A new energy strategy emerges: Less is more, industry and consumers go green.

RIVER OF LIGHT

Today it’s among the world’s most productive transportation systems. Wheat, soy and corn flow relentlessly downriver, feeding the region and the world. 24/7 railroad traffic straddles the gorge. Deepwater capacity ports, including Longview’s and Kalama’s, flourish.

The Columbia River’s capacity to ship, trade, and transfer cargo seems virtually unlimited.

people+place now

Empire of Energy

Energy is eternal delight.

So said the Romantic poet William Blake more than two centuries ago. Thanks to its extraordinary power, its quicksilver caprices, its myriad forms and forces, energy mesmerizes us. It’s simply magic.

What we often forget about energy, blinded by its light, perhaps, is that it’s derived from something else. Something consumed. Something extracted. We only recently seem to have awakened to the fact that for sheer ecological impact energy production dwarfs more visible extractive industries — logging, fishing, mining — in its effect on the earth and its environment.

What’s more, like trees and salmon and lithium, energy gets used up, grows sparse and scarce. It’s a finite resource subject to markets, regulatory pressures, public opinions and politics. Energy and environment now dominate all economic activity on earth.

In the Northwest, our Empire of Trees has given way to this new dominion: the Empire of Energy.

TURBINE TECHNOLOGY

STILL POWERS THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST

THE ALUMINUM ERA

It was energy, in the form of aluminum, that began baling Longview out of its depression. That and the idea that power could be in the public’s hands, both at the local level in the fledgling PUD, and at the national level through BPA.

BPA had made its first industrial sale, 32,500 kilowatts of power, to Alcoa in January, 1940, and the Aluminum Era was on. From its advent in 1940 through the next six decades Reynolds Metals was a fixture of Longview’s economy and industry. But its principal subsidy, and competitive advantage, was withering. Well before the turn of the century the era of cheap power was over.

Electricity, on the other hand — once simply a plentiful byproduct of a reclaimed Eastern Washington and a tamed big river — is neither so cheap nor so plentiful as once it was. Demand stretches capacity: Server farms are the watt-guzzling aluminum plants of the 21st century. Climate change weirds out the weather: snowpacks, droughts, extremes of heat and cold. And the system itself, lorded over by the 1930s-era Bonneville Power Administration, struggles to keep up with costs, technology, and changing environmental attitudes.

Tom Karier, for twenty years a member of the Northwest Power and Conservation Council, recently told The Seattle Times, “It’s not bankrupt yet, but Bonneville Power Administration has made it clear that it is facing a financial crisis and may be in trouble by 2028.”

In 2000, Alcoa took over Reynolds Metals and became the largest aluminum manufacturing company in the nation. Alcoa didn’t need the Longview plant and sold it to Longview Aluminum Company for $150 million, retaining ownership of the property. Longview Aluminum in turn transferred ownership to an investment group, which closed the plant in March 2001, claiming electricity costs were too much to maintain profitability. In 2003 the investment group itself filed for bankruptcy protection, and the plant was dismantled.

Its extravagant electrical footprint remains.

Photos, from top: Turbine technology still powers the Pacific Northwest. Bonneville Dam, built in 1938; BPA may be facing a financial crisis by 2028. What’s left of Longview’s Reynolds Aluminum plant is its electrical skeleton.

MEGAWATTS TO NEGAWATTS

Lately the energy business is pushing a very radical message: Buy and use less of our product.

Utilities were facing an unenviable choice: with demand continuing to rise, either build more costly, controversial power plants, or simply use less of the product itself. Use less? In America? This radical idea was soon dubbed “negawatts.” Utilities suddenly were selling conservation as hard as they once sold power contracts. And, for a new generation of

OUR ENERGY BILL HAS DEFINITELY GONE DOWN

OFF THE GRID

Off the grid? Ten miles from an electrical outlet?

You imagine a log cabin, a couple of kerosene lanterns, and cots with sleeping bags. Instead, as far as we can tell, Brad and Rose Link have simply transferred a comfortable life in Longview’s Old West Side to their lakefront dream cabin, and are powering it themselves.

At 900 square feet it’s got cabin dimensions, but the Links don’t seem to be living a life of privation otherwise. Beautifully situated on Swift Reservoir, with a wood burning stove, propane appliances, and solar power that stores itself in their own battery system, the Links’s place is supremely practical and efficient, never mind the fossil fuel police.

“I’m the Watt Nazi,” said Brad, retired and supremely comfortable turning the family’s lifelong vacation retreat into a full-time retirement abode. “We use multiple sources of power, and we gauge our consumption based on what’s available.” The Links and their neighbors are tinkerers, trying new alternate energy fixes but not vying for LEED certification.

“I always wanted to have my own recreational cabin on a lake, somewhere,” said Brad. Added his wife, Rose, “We try to leave enough power at night to make coffee in the morning.”

middlemen, the Energy Service Companies, or ESCos, it rejuvenated their home and industrial energy services and contracting businesses.

“It was such an easy thing. The energy contractor brought in all the bulbs and lights and switches,” said Michelle Casanover, owner-operator, with her husband Mike, of Grocery Outlet in Longview. “We had dark spots in the store that are now brightened up, and our energy bill has definitely gone down.”

Utilities have fostered the negawatt revolution by offering attractive rebates on energy-saving devices and systems. ESCos perform free energy audits, price an energy-saving “fix” for customers, then work with utilities to cut costs and offer attractive financing. The result is a turnkey solution for end-users, new business for the ESCos, and energy savings for utilities and their customers.

Michelle and Mike have a brighter store and lower electricity bills. Said Michelle, “They even disposed of all the old fixtures!”

An elaborate inverter — all part of the $7,000 worth of components necessary to make the entire system, from solar panels to TV power, work — apportions energy between current demands and storage in the lead acid batteries outside. Yes, as backup they do have a generator, but pride themselves on using what they’ve stored.

They pride themselves, too, on their inventiveness, and attention. “Our water supply is gravity-fed, pure spring water, another savings for us.”

It’s a putterer’s dream. Brad even has

a measurer on his phone to let him track the optimal angle for the solar panels as the sun’s position in the sky changes over the seasons. But in the best spirit of that American dream, the lake cabin, the negawatts are less important than the campfires, family gatherings, and wine on the dock at dusk.

If this is life off the grid, bring it on!

Hal Calbom is a third generation Longview native who works in public affairs television and educational publishing. This is his fifth year photographing and writing Columbia River Reader’s People+Place feature. Reach him at hal@halcalbom.com.

Michelle and Mike Casanover Owner-operators, Longview Grocery Outlet

WE TRY TO LEAVE ENOUGH POWER AT NIGHT TO MAKE COFFEE IN THE MORNING

the lonG vIew pArtner spotlIGhts

People+Place Sponsor

RiverCities

Transit

With their sponsorship, RiverCities Transit celebrates its mission to enhance our community ... to provide for the safe, reliable, and efficient movement of passengers in a friendly manner, while partnering with our community to improve the transportation systems.

History of Public Transit in Longview

1922 - 1964: Longview Public Service Company

September 1922: Bus #1 goes into service

By November 1924

According to Bus Transportation magazine, Nov 1924:

• 8 White Company buses operate 12- to 15-min. headways, 16 hours per day.

• Drivers work 10-hour shifts and help maintain the buses.

• Fares are $0.05 per zone (equal to $0.87 per zone today)

• Zone 1 from Kelso to Broadway

• Zone 2 from Broadway to St. Helens Additions

• Zone 3 from St. Helens to ferry dock or Long-Bell mill

(c. 1945 - 1955) Name changes to Longview-Kelso Bus Company

1964: Sold by Long-Bell, operated by private providers until 1975.

June 1975: City of Longview, with City of Kelso cooperation, commences emergency bus service when the private provider suspends service; leases electric bus.

September 1975: Longview City Council authorizes purchase of assets of Longview-Kelso Bus Company. Service renamed Community Urban Bus Service (CUBS) (per Longview City Council minutes, Sept. 11, 1975).

1987: The Cowlitz Transit Authority (CTA) forms after Kelso and Longview residents vote for the Public Transit Benefit Area sales tax. CTA contracts with the City of Longview to continue the service.

2012: CUBS rebrands as RiverCities Transit.

2020: New RiverCities Transit Center opens.

The Long View Project would be impossible without the financial and creative support of our sponsor partners. During the coming year the Reader will feature brief profiles of these partners — highlighting their relationship to Longview and interest in its history.

People+Place Sponsor Port of

Longview

With their sponsorship, the Port of Longview celebrates its role in the history and development of Longview, and its vital part in the region’s economic health today.

nearly 100 years agO local citizens voted to form a port district in Cowlitz County following the state’s adoption of the Port District Act. This vote established the Port of Kelso on the banks of the Cowlitz River in 1921. The Port District Act required ports to be named after the largest city in the district, which was Kelso at the time, as Longview had yet to be established.

After Longview’s founding as an official city in 1923, the newly formed Chamber of Commerce favored relocating the Port of Kelso to the Columbia River to capitalize on booming maritime trade. In 1925, Port Commissioners put the relocation to a county-wide vote and the move was approved along with expanding the Port District to include the northwest portion of Cowlitz County.

The Port began to grow and soon after relocating, Port Commissioners approved the addition of a new grain elevator, which was leased to the Longview Elevator Company in 1928. The following year, as Longview’s population was now much larger than Kelso’s, voters approved renaming the Port to Port of Longview.

The Port’s first decade saw 130,000 tons of cargo moved on a modest 40 acres of land, but during World War II, the Port began moving war equipment overseas. As the war was declared over in 1945, the Port began in earnest marketing itself for cargo.

Under the direction of Manager Harvey Hart, the Port achieved status as a U.S. Customs Port of Entry in the 1950s. This important event allowed the Port to compete with other large West Coast ports and ushered in a new era of expansion.

As decades passed, new docks were built, cargoes diversified and thousands of jobs were created at the Port. Now a thriving locally-governed asset bringing benefits home to families across the Port District, the Port continues to improve the economic health of the entire region.

River Cities Transit Center, 12th Avenue, Longview.

White Company bus at Commerce and Broadway, 1923.

Photo courtesy of Longview PubLic Library

All of the health and social services, and all of the employment and educational opportunities are useless if you can’t get to them.”

Jim SeekS, RiveR CitieS tRanSit manageR

The first dock, built on the Cowlitz River.

Grain elevator, 1928, capacity 875 bushels.

Karley Gauthier-Davis, Port of Longview’s Community Outreach/ Communications Coordinator, at the Port offices building, originally occupied by Long-Bell Co. and known as “The White House.”

Longview Centennial Countdown of Events

2023

Monthly The Long View* CRR’s “People+Place Then and Now”

Special Centennial Feature Series (thru June)

Mar 24-25 A Night to Remember

Cabaret Follies of Lower Columbia, details below

June 24 Centennial Car Show - Vintage 1920s-30s-40-50s Reg. fee $25

June 25 Trinity Lutheran Church Open House 1–4pm

10:30am Joint Worship Service followed by 1920s-themed Picnic RSVP

June 30 CRR’s “From Page to Stage”

Book Launch & Gala Variety Show

Rose Center, Lower Columbia College

Sept 8-9 Centennial Celebration: Banquet, Drone Shows, Parade, Street Dances & MORE

Watch this space or check online for Centennial-related community events!

* The Long View is an independent Columbia River Reader project. CRR also collaborates with and supports the goals and events organized by the Longview Centennial Committee, headed by Reed Hadley.

To volunteer:

Please contact: Reed Hadley longviewcentury@gmail. com

or Arleen Hubble ahubble61@gmail.com

Students: For ways to earn volunteer hours for school, contact Danielle Robbins.

Email: RobbinsD@co.cowlitz.wa.us

U.S. MAIL: P.O. Box 1035, Longview, WA 98632

WEBSITE

Info • Upcoming Events • Merchandise

Historic Calendars $5, Official Centennial Coins $10, lapel pins $3 (2 for $5); T-shirts $1518, Pens $1, Stainless steel drink tumblers, etc

Now available at Kelso Longview Chamber Visitor Center next to I-5 in Kelso, and Longview YMCA.

Calendars also available at Paperbacks Galore and Cowlitz County Historical Museum

The Longview Public Library’s Podcast

Your Shelf or Mine is celebrating Longview’s Centennial with historical episodes. To listen, visit longvew100.org, click on “Events” and then the image shown here.

Clatskanie, Ore.

Fultano’s Pizza

770 E. Columbia River Hwy

Family style with unique pizza offerings, hot grill items & more!

Dine-in,Take-out and Home Delivery. Visit Fultanos.com for streamlined menu. 503-728-2922

COLUMBIA RIVER dining guide

The Corner Cafe

796 Commerce Ave.

Breakfast & Lunch. Daily Soup & Sandwich, breakfast specials. Tues-Sat 7am-3pm. Closed Sun-Mon. 360-353-5420.

Email: sndcoffeeshop@comcast.net

Eclipse Coffee & Tea

Scappoose, Ore.

Fultano’s Pizza

Ixtapa Fine Mexican Restaurant

640 E. Columbia River Hwy

Fine Mexican cuisine. Daily specials.

The best margarita in town. Daily drink specials. Dine-in, curbside pickup. M-Th 11am–9:30pm; Fri & Sat 11am–11:30pm; Sun 11am–9pm. 503-728-3344

Rainier. Ore.

102 East “A” Street

Microbrews, wines & spirits

7am–8pm Daily. Inside dining.

Interstate Tavern

119 E. “B” St., (Hwy 30)

Crab Louie/Crab cocktails, crab-stuffed avocados. 17 hot and cold sandwiches. Amazing crab sandwiches. Full bar service. Catering for groups.

503-556-5023. interstatetavern@yahoo.com

503-556-5023

El Tapatio

117 W. ‘A’ Street Mexican Family Restaurant. Open Fri-Sat 11am-11pm, rest of week 11am-10pm. Full bar. Karaoke Fri-Sat 8-11pm. Patio seating. 503-5568323.

Longview, Wash.

1335 14th Avenue

18 rotating craft brews, pub fare. M-Th 11am–8pm. Fri-Sat 11am–10pm; Sunday 11am–6pm. Local music coming soon. 360-232-8283. Inside dining

See ad, page 42. Follow us on Untappd.

Broadway Barrel Room

1133 Broadway

Family friendly tap house and eatery. 18 taps local craft beverages, hand-crafted soups, sandwiches, flatbread and desserts. Live music on Thursdays. Hours: Tues-Sat 11am–10pm. 360-353-4295.

Sun & Mon available for special events.

Bruno’s Pizza 1108 Washington Way. Pizza, breadsticks, wings, salads, fish & chips. WE DELIVER. Four beers on tap. 360-636-4970 or 360-425-5220,

The Carriage

Restaurant & Lounge

The Carriage Restaurant & Lounge 1334 12th Ave. Open 8am–9pm (sometimes later, call to check). Breakfast, lunch and dinner. Full bar, banquet room available for groups, special events. Happy hours daily 9–11am, 5–7pm. 360-425-8545.

In the Merk (1339 Commerce Ave., #113) 360-998-2139. Mon-Fri 8am–4pm. Specialty coffees, teas, bubble teas and pastries....drinks with a smile. Takeout and on-site.

Freddy’s Just for the Halibut

1110 Commerce Ave. Cod, Alaskan halibut fish and chips, award-winning clam chowder. Burgers, steaks, pasta. Beer and wine. M-Sat 10am–8pm, Sunday 11am–8pm. Inside dining, Drive-thru, outdoor seating. 360-414-3288. See ad, page 32.

The Gifted Kitchen

711 Vandercook Way, Longview “Celebrate, create, inspire.” Soups, salads, sandwiches, wraps, entrees, sides, pot pies, quiche, grazing boxes & more. M-F 11–6; Sat special events only; Sun closed. 360-261-7697.

Hop N Grape

924 15th Ave., Longview

Tues–Thurs 11am–7pm; Fri & Sat 11am–8pm. BBQ meat slow-cooked on site. Pulled pork, chicken, brisket, ribs, turkey, salmon. Worldfamous mac & cheese. 360-577-1541.

Kyoto Sushi Steakhouse

760 Ocean Beach Hwy, Suite J 360-425-9696.

Japanese food, i.e. hibachi, Bento boxes, Teppanyaki; Sushi (half-price Wednesdays); Kids Meal 50% Off Sundays. Mon-Th 11-2:30, 4:30-9:30. Fri-Sat 11am10pm. Sun 11am-9pm.

Lynn’s Deli & Catering

1133 14th Ave.

Soups & sandwiches, specializing in paninis, box lunches, deli sandwiches and party platters. Mon-Fri 8-3, Saturday 10-2. 360-577-5656

Roland Wines 1106 Florida St., Longview. Authentic Italian wood-fired pizza, wine, and beer. Casual ambience. 5–9pm Wed-Fri, Sat. 1–9. 360-8467304. See ad, page 43.

Scythe Brewing Company 1217 3rd Avenue #150 360-353-3851

Sun, Tue,Wed, Th 12noon -8pm; Fri-Sat 12noon -10pm Closed Mondays

Family-friendly brewery/restaurant with upscale, casual dining, lunch and dinner.

Stuffy’s 804 Ocean Beach Hwy 360-423-6356

8am–8pm. Breakfast, lunch, dinner. American style food. Free giant cinnamon roll with meal purchase on your birthday with proof of ID.

Facebook: Stuffy’s II Restaurant, or Instagram @ stuffys2.

Teri’s, 3225 Ocean Beach Hwy, Longview. Lunch and dinner. Burgers, steak, seafood, pasta, specials, fresh NW cuisine. Full bar. Tues–Fri, 12Noon–8pm. Sat 5:30–8:30pm.. Curbside pickup. Inside dining. 360-577-0717.

Castle Rock, Wash

Luckman’s Coffee Company

239 Huntington Ave. North, Drive-thru. Pastries, sandwiches, salads, quiche. See ad, page 30.

Parker’s Steak House & Brewery

1300 Mt. St. Helens Way. I-5 Exit 49.

Lunch, Dinner. Burgers, hand-cut steak; seafood and pasta. Restaurant open 1-8pm Tue-Th, 1-9pm, F-Sat. Lounge Happy Hours 4pm. 360-967-2333. Call for status/options.

Vault Books & Brew

20 Cowlitz Street West, Castle Rock. Coffee and specialty drinks, quick eats & sweet treats. See ad, page 34

Kalama, Wash.

215 N. Hendrickson Dr., Port of Kalama. A Northwest pub and unique bars serving breakfast, lunch & dinner daily. Info & reservations, bar hours at mcmenamins.com. 8am–midnight daily. 360- 673-9210. Indoor dining, covered outdoor seating, curbside take-out.

St. Helens, Ore.

Sunshine Pizza & Catering

2124 Columbia Blvd. Hot pizza, cool salad bar. Beer & wine. Limited inside seating, curbside pickup and delivery.

503-397-3211 See ad, page 14.

Big River Tap Room

313 Strand Street on the Riverfront. Lunch/Dinner Tue-Thurs 12–8pm; Fri-Sat 12–9pm. Chicago-style hot dogs, Italian beef, pastrami. Weekend Burrito Breakfast, Sat 8-11, Sun 8am3pm. See ad, page 14.

Plymouth Pub 298 S. 1st Street, St. Helens, Ore. Family friendly, food, 14 tap handles. Open daily 11am-10pm.

51511 SE 2nd. Family style with unique pizza offerings, hot grill items & more! “Best pizza around!” Sun–Th 11am–9pm; Fri-Sat 11am–10pm. Full bar service ‘til 10pm Fri & Sat. Deliveries in Scappoose. 503-543-5100. Inside Dining.

Ixtapa Fine Mexican Restaurant

33452 Havlik Rd. Fine Mexican cuisine. Daily specials. The best margarita in town. Daily drink specials. M-Th 11am–9:30pm; Fri & Sat 11am–11:30pm; Sun 11am–9pm. 503-543-3017

Warren, Ore.

Warren Country Inn 56575 Columbia River Hwy.

Fine family dining. Breakfast, lunch & dinner. Full bar. Call for hours.503-410-5479. Check Facebook for updates. Dine-in.

Toutle, Wash.

DREW’S GROCERY & SERVICE

5304 Spirit Lake Hwy (10 mi. fr Exit 49) 24-hour fueling (gas & diesel, card at pump, cash at Jule’s Snack Shack (when open). Red Leaf Organic Coffee. See ad, page 43.

Woodland, Wash.

1350 Atlantic Ave. Rotating craft brews, pub fare. Open M-Th 11am–6pm; Fri–Sat 11am–10pm; Sunday 11am–6pm. 360-841-8941. See ad, page 42.

Luckman

Coffee Company

1230 Lewis River Rd. Small batch on-site roasted coffee, breakfast, lunch. Inside seating. M-F 5:30am–6pm, Sat 6am–5pm, Sun 7am–3pm. See ad, page 30.

THE OAK TREE

1020 Atlantic Ave.

Breakfast served all day. Famous Bankruptcy Stew, Oak Tree Salad, desserts baked in-house. Full bar. Happy Hours 1-3, 7-9pm. Live music. 360--841-5292. See ad, page 30.

A Kiwi Birthday

Rainier, Ore. residents

Kim Worrall and Tami Tack in Milford Sound, New Zealand, celebrating Tami’s 70th birthday. The two were on a 15-day trip with Overseas Adventure Travel, touring both north and south islands of New Zealand. The trip got extended due to flooding in Auckland which closed the airport. (Editor’s note: There are worse places to be delayed!)

Where do you read THE READER?

Athletes forever Toutle resident Rick Lowe (left) with fellow competitor Pino Pilotto, of Switzerland, at the Masters Track and Field World Championships in Tampere, Finland, July 2022. Rick’s event was throwing the hammer and shot put. Rick says his next “bucket list” item is to climb to the base camp of Mount Everest. We’ll be awaiting a photo, Rick! Take along two copies of CRR in case you need one of them for firestarter.

WHERE DO YOU READ THE READER?

Send your photo reading the Reader to Publisher@CRReader.com. Include names and cities of residence. We strive to promptly acknowledge photos received; if you don’t hear from us within 5 days, please re-send. For cell phone photo, choose the largest file size up to 2 MB. Please pose people near the camera; the background scene will still show in the frame behind.

Roylance BS, MPAP, PA-C Dr. Toddrick Tookes DPM, Podiatrist

Bogin M.D., FACP

Escobar MSN, APRN, FNP-BC

Looking UP

The Evening Sky

In the western sky on Feb 22nd, Venus is low on the horizon with Jupiter about 30º up to the left of it. Mars is high in the night sky near the star cluster of the Pleiades. For the whole month of February, Venus will be climbing in the western sky while Jupiter will be descending. They will be closing in on each other through Feb 28th when they will be about 1° apart in the west. A conjunction between Jupiter and Venus happens almost yearly. But one this close will not happen again until 2027. They will be somewhat close in August 2025 but not this close. On March, first, Jupiter and then Venus will be side by side about 12° above the horizon at 7pm.

In the eastern sky, it is mostly clear of planets. A good time for observing other favorite heavenly objects like the galaxies in the constellation of Virgo.

I’ve always called Virgo the lazy princess because she lies on her back with her head by the tail of her pet lion, Leo, tossing her jewels (known as the Virgo cluster of Galaxies) in the night sky all the way up to the tail of the Great Bear.

By Greg Smith

The Morning Sky

A cloudless eastern horizon sky required Saturn reappears in the morning sky March 19th near a crescent moon. Saturn will rise higher and earlier every day because it has made it around the far side of the Sun.

Night Sky Spectacle

A cloud-free evening is a must.

If you really want to do some deep diving in the night sky (from a dark area not light polluted), I suggest you go dive for some of Virgo’s jewels. There are quite a number of galaxies in this area of the night sky. A few can be seen with a good pair of binoculars. Use a star chart to locate them. If not caring about which ones you look at, just slowly pan that area of the sky and see how many of them you can find. •••

Longview resident Greg Smith is past president of Friends of Galileo. Meet him and other club members at monthly meetings in Longview. For more info about FOG, visit friendsofgalileo.com.

Moon Phases:

Full: Wed., Feb. 15th

3rd Quarter: Feb. 23rd

New: Mar. 2nd

1st Quarter: Mar. 10th

End of twilight - when the stars start to come out:

Wed., Feb. 16th, 6:09pm

Wed., Feb. 22nd, 6:18pm

Tues., Feb. 28th, 6:26pm

Wed., Mar. 8th, 6:37pm DST

Sun., Mar, 12th, 7:02pm

Wed., Mar. 15th, 7:46pm

Your columbia rivEr rEadEr Read

Columbia River Reader is printed with environmentally-sensitive soy-based inks on paper manufactured in the Pacific Northwest utilizing the highest percentage of “post-consumer waste” recycled content available on the market.

Low-impact

Exercise Classes

March/April

Tai

Tai Chi for Health and Senior Fitness Instructor

TCHI Certified Tai Chi for Arthritis and Fall Prevention (Standing/Seated)

Tai Chi & Qigong for Health and Wellness (Standing/Seated)

The Administration on Aging (AoA) has rated the TCHI

Tai Chi for Arthritis and Fall Prevent (TCA) program as the highest evidence-based program for older adults and wellness. More information at www. taichiforhealthinstitute.org.

Roland on Wine

Rest in peace, Mr. Long, your city’s in goods hands ... Cheers!

By Marc Roland

Food & beverages, community gathering spots set the scene for the good life

Ihope R.A. Long is not turning over in his grave. The official centennial year of Longview is now here and, as we celebrate all things Longview, the growth of food and drinking establishments may give Mr. Long some consternation. But not to worry. The progressive Long was open to change and new ideas, anything that would improve the quality of life in his city. Yes, he was a teetotaler himself, but he was also a realist. A lot has changed since the days of drunken bars, taverns, gangsters, and rabble rousers. We now have public houses, tap rooms, wineries, and classy bars all over town.

It has been 90 years since the National Prohibition Act ended in 1933, one year before Long died. I’m sure this would have been devastating to him at the time, as Long was a highly religious man. However, I think if he would have lived, he would have realized that the negative effects of a ‘dry’ society would give way to a more realistic approach to the use and demand for alcoholic beverages and their benefits to society, even in the religious community.

In an article published in the Cowlitz County Historical Quarterly in 2013, Cowlitz County Undersheriff Darren Ullmann puts it, “Alcohol is as American as baseball and apple pie. We use alcohol in celebration, and we glamorize its use. ... The more they tried to suppress it, the more criminal activity that bubbled to the surface.”

There has never been a more glamorous time to enjoy and experience good food and drink in our community. All you must do is look around and see the changing landscape in the Lower Columbia area. Log on to Facebook and join the group ‘what’s happening in Longview and Kelso’ or ‘Takeout & Dine-in - Cowlitz County,’ both of which promote small businesses in the area. (Editor’s note: And in a pinch you can always consult the Columbia River Dining Guide, page 28; Calendar of Events, page 36-37; and the content and ads in CRR!)

I believe this trend of creating spaces where people can come together and enjoy good food and drink is just getting started. The need for public places is only growing in response to the isolation and unsatisfying nature of virtual life. Yes, it is here to stay, but it doesn’t have to be the only reality we experience. In fact, for our community to thrive, we need to connect in real time.

But this is not only true for drinking and eating establishments; it is also true for the growth of all public spaces. Mr. Long cared about these spaces. Our city leaders could do more for the community by spending more time and money on adding to Long’s legacy of tree-lined boulevards and beautiful gathering places than immediate problems that end up taking so much time with little lasting results. Where do we want to be in the future?

Another “plus” for community spaces is the dialogue that can happen there. It’s hard to let the things that divide us take over when we are walking the dog, playing with the kids, and talking to one another out where our real lives intersect. We are blessed to have an abundance of grange halls, parks, festivals, clubs, historic buildings, and restaurants and bars. I’m seeing the restaurant and drinking establishments take over as the go-to places to gather for book clubs, discussion groups, music concerts, and political activities, not to mention memorial services, weddings, and class reunions.

What would Long think of that? I’m proud to be a writer and advocate for responsible citizenship. In my humble view, alcohol can play a positive role in creating the climate for constructive conversation that will bring us closer. If I’m right, Mr. Long would be resting in peace, knowing his town is in good hands. •••

Longview resident and former Kelso teacher Marc Roland started making wine in 2008 in his garage. He and his wife, Nancy, now operate Roland Wines at 1106 Florida Street in Longview’s new “barrel district.” For wine tasting hours, call 360-846-7304.

What are you reading?

Monthly feature coordinated by Alan Rose

By Judy MacLeod

What would you do if you had two years to live, no money, no relatives, and had lost your three-generation family farm in Maine? Annie Wilkins, 63, always dreamed of seeing the Pacific Ocean, so with a bed roll, a few supplies, an old horse named Tarzan, and a two-year old dog named Depeche Toi (French for hurry up,) she set out on a 4,000 mile trek to the west coast.

While traversing the U.S. one step at a time, she experienced blizzards, downpours, stifling heat in the Great Divide Basin and Red Desert, a flash flood, and thwarted a gas station robbery. When crossing the Rockies, she realized, “you can be so worried about the challenge in front of you that you fail to realize that you’ve been chipping away at it all day.” Sound advice for anyone facing today’s challenges.

Journalists relayed her journey as the nation opened up their hearts and homes, welcoming this hobo stranger. Letts chronicles Annie’s adventures along with interweaving local history, geography, culture, and everyday life in 1954. This is a “must read,” the heart-warming story of a proud, determined woman who embraced life in a changing America.

•••

HaikuFest 2023

Get out your pencil: It’s 5-7-5 time again!

By Gary Meyers HaikeFest Founder & Chief Judge

“When is the HaikuFest?” It’s a question some of our perennial poets and fans have been asking and, we are pleased to now be able to answer.

We decided late last year to delay the HaikuFest a bit to coincide with Longview’s Centennial celebration. Our intention was to include HaikuFest 2023 on the list of special events planned to celebrate this milestone in our city’s history. Coincidently, the Columbia River Reader (CRR) will be celebrating its 20th year anniversary beginning with the April 2023 issue. So the planets are aligned to make 2023 a memorable year both for Longview and CRR!

Here is our plan: As in the past, HaikuFest 2023 organizers will accept five original (never published) haiku entries per entrant in traditional format (three lines of 5 syllables, 7 syllables, 5

syllables). Themes can be nature-based, “pop,” humorous. Other than the precise syllable count, there are no restrictions. Good taste is assumed; final decisions are within the judges’ purview. There are no fees. Once submitted, all haiku become the property of CRR.

Deadline for submission will be 7pm PDT time on April 15. Email submissions are preferred and should be sent to haikucenter@aol.com. Snail mail submissions will also be accepted and can be sent to G. Meyers, 3045 Ala Napuaa Place #1406, Honolulu, HI 96818. Judges’ selections will be announced in the May 15 issue.

But here is the special touch. The CRR staff is publishing a Longview Centennial book and hosting a Book Launch Gala and Variety Show, “From Page to Stage,” at LCC’s Rose Center for the Arts on June 30 to celebrate Longview’s Centennial and to “unnveil” the book.

One segment of the evening’s program will be devoted to presenting Longview Centennial-based haiku selected from the HaikuFest 2023 entries. To accomplish this, we are inviting HaikuFest entrants to include in their submissions Longview Centennialbased haiku. The subjects can be anything related to the centennial, e.g., R.A. Long or the founding fathers and their vision; logging, sawmilling, the city plan, beautiful Lake Sacajawea, or perhaps the enduring edifices of the early years such as the Monticello Hotel, R.A. Long High School, the Library. Ideas are limited only by the imagination.

One hundred years old

Thank you Mr. Long and crew City pops champagne -- Anonymous

Hawaii resident Gary Meyers grew up in Longview, Wash., retired from careers with the U.S. Marines, then Northwest Airlines. He enjoys traveling, especially to Japan; He frequently visits CRR territory.

Kalama resident Judy MacLeod is a retired high school English teacher, a voracious reader, and an activist for a better world for her grandchildren. She and her husband of 55 years spent ten years full-time RVing as volunteers with a service organization.

Top 10 Bestsellers

Brought to you by Book Sense and Pacific Northwest Booksellers Assn, for week ending Jan 29, 2023, based on reporting from the independent bookstores of Alaska, Washington, Oregon, Idaho and Montana. For the Book Sense store nearest you, visit www.booksense.com

PAPERBACK FICTION HARDCOVER FICTION HARDCOVER NON-FICTION CHILDREN’S ILLUSTRATED EARLY & MIDDLE GRADE READERS

1. The Seven Husbands of Evelyn Hugo Taylor Jenkins Reid, Washington Square Press, $17

2. A Court of Thorns and Roses Sarah J. Maas, Bloomsbury Publishing, $19

3. The Thursday Murder Club Richard Osman, Penguin, $18

4. It Ends with Us Colleen Hoover, Atria, $16.99

5. Cloud Cuckoo Land Anthony Doerr, Scribner, $20

6. Daisy Jones & The Six Taylor Jenkins Reid, Ballantine, $17

7. Legends & Lattes Travis Baldree, Tor, $17.99

8. The Maid Nita Prose, Ballantine, $18

9. The House in the Cerulean Sea TJ Klune, Tor, $18.99

10. The Priory of the Orange Tree Samantha Shannon, Bloomsbury Publishing, $20

PAPERBACK NON-FICTION

1. Braiding Sweetgrass Robin Wall Kimmerer, Milkweed Editions, $20

2. The Body Keeps the Score

9780143127741

Bessel van der Kolk, M.D., Penguin, $19

3. All About Love bell hooks, Morrow, $16.99

4. The January 6th Report Select Committee to Investigate the January 6th Attack on the United States Capitol, et al., Celadon Books, $17.99

5. Come As You Are

Emily Nagoski, Ph.D., Simon & Schuster, $18.99

6. Finding the Mother Tree

Suzanne Simard, Vintage, $17

7. These Precious Days

Ann Patchett, Harper Perennial, $18

8. Attached Amir Levine, Rachel Heller, TarcherPerigee, $17

9. Stolen Focus

Johann Hari, Crown, $18

10. “You Just Need to Lose Weight”

Aubrey Gordon, Beacon Press, $15.95

BOOK REVIEW

1. Lessons in Chemistry Bonnie Garmus, Doubleday, $29

2. Demon Copperhead Barbara Kingsolver, Harper, $32.50

3. Tomorrow, and Tomorrow, and Tomorrow Gabrielle Zevin, Knopf, $28

4. Babel R. F. Kuang, Harper Voyager, $27.99

5. Horse Geraldine Brooks, Viking, $28

6. How to Sell a Haunted House Grady Hendrix, Berkley, $28

7. Remarkably Bright Creatures Shelby Van Pelt, Ecco, $27.99

8. Hell Bent Leigh Bardugo, Flatiron Books, $29.99

9. The Midnight Library Matt Haig, Viking, $26

10. A Psalm for the WildBuilt Becky Chambers, Tordotcom, $20.99

1. Spare Prince Harry, The Duke of Sussex, Random House, $36

2. I’m Glad My Mom Died Jennette McCurdy, Simon & Schuster, $27.99

3. The Creative Act Rick Rubin, Penguin Press, $32

4. An Immense World Ed Yong, Random House, $30

5. The Light We Carry Michelle Obama, Crown, $32.50

6. Smitten Kitchen Keepers Deb Perelman, Knopf, $35

7. The Myth of Normal Gabor Maté, M.D., Daniel Maté, Avery, $30

8. Atomic Habits James Clear, Avery, $27

9. The Boy, the Mole, the Fox and the Horse Charlie Mackesy, HarperOne, $22.99

10. Financial Feminist Tori Dunlap, Dey Street Books, $22

1. Where the Wild Things Are Maurice Sendak, Harper, $19.95

2. Goodnight Moon Margaret Wise Brown, Clement Hurd (Illus.), Harper, $8.99

3. Construction Site: You’re Just Right Sherri Duskey Rinker, AG Ford (Illus.), Chronicle Books, $12.99

4. Peekaboo Rex! Sandra Boynton, Boynton Bookworks, $7.99

5. Little Blue Truck’s Valentine Alice Schertle, Jill McElmurry (Illus.), Clarion Books, $13.99

6. Knight Owl Christopher Denise, Christy Ottaviano Books, $17.99

7. Berry Song Michaela Goade, Little, Brown Books for Young Readers, $18.99

8. Good Night, Gorilla Peggy Rathmann, Putnam, $8.99

9. Bluey: Camping Penguin Young Readers, $5.99

10. Construction Site: Farming Strong, All Year Long Sherri Duskey Rinker, AG Ford (Illus.), Chronicle Books, $17.99

Re-discovering our capacity for wonder

social self with its complex feelings, and friendships, and first stirrings of sex and sexual attraction.

There was a time as children when we still had the ability to be awed by the natural world: fascinated by a bee on a blossom, a seagull suspended in mid-air riding the wind, the stars overhead appearing magical. By the time we were teenagers, we probably were less prone to that sense of wonder. The world had become ordinary and lost much of its magic as our interests became focused more on the emerging

Alan’s haunting novel of the AIDS epidemic, As If Death Summoned, won the Foreword INDIES Book of the Year Award (LGBT category.) He can be reached at www.alan-rose.com.

Ed Yong’s An Immense World has been an immense bestseller, perhaps in part because it helps readers recapture that child-like experience of wonder and fascination. Like E.O. Wilson, Carl Sagan, and Loren Eiseley, Yong, a Pulitzer Prize-winning science writer for The Atlantic, writes in a clear, jargonfree style that makes science accessible to the layperson.

He explores and expands our world of the senses. Aristotle first identified the five senses—sight, smell, taste, touch, and hearing—through which we know the world. But, as Yong reveals, there are other sensory modes of perception beyond these. In 1909, zoologist Jakob von Uexküll applied the German word for environment, Umwelt, to an animal’s surroundings, “specifically the part of those surroundings that an animal can sense and experience—its perceptual world.” Yong takes us on a fascinating tour of the rich diversity of ways animals perceive and interact with the natural world: birds and turtles that can track the earth’s magnetic fields; fish that send electrical messages; snakes and bats that sense infrared

Earth teems with sights and textures, sounds and vibrations, smells and tastes, electric and magnetic fields. But every animal can only tap into a small fraction of reality’s fullness. Each is enclosed within its own unique sensory bubble, perceiving but a tiny sliver of an immense world. There is a wonderful word for this sensory bubble—Umwelt… Our Umwelt is still limited; it just doesn’t feel that way. To us, it feels all-encompassing. It is all that we know, and so we easily mistake it for all there is to know. This is an illusion, and one that every animal shares.

-- from An Immense World

radiation emanating from their warmblooded prey; birds, butterflies, and mammals that perceive ultraviolet colors we are blind to.

One realizes that we humans, like all animals, live within our own “perceptual bubble,” and we get a glimpse of just how vast, complex and, yes, wonder-full is the natural world.

Similar to the writings of neurologist

Oliver Sacks (The Man Who Mistook

1. The Last Cuentista Donna Barba Higuera, Levine Querido, $18.99

2. The First Cat in Space Ate Pizza Mac Barnett, Shawn Harris (Illus.), Katherine Tegen Books, $15.99

3. Snapdragon Kat Leyh, First Second, $12.99

4. A Rover’s Story Jasmine Warga, Balzer + Bray, $17.99

5. The Stars Did Wander Darkling Colin Meloy, Balzer + Bray, $17.99

6. The Awakening Storm Jaimal Yogis, Vivian Truong (Illus.), Graphix, $12.99,

7. The Door of No Return Kwame Alexander, Little, Brown Books for Young Readers, $17.99

8. An Anthology of Aquatic Life Sam Hume, DK Children, $21.99

9. The Spirit of Springer Amanda Abler, Levi Hastings (Illus.), Little Bigfoot, $18.99

10. Frizzy Claribel A. Ortega, Rose Bousamra (Illus.), First Second, $12.99

By Alan Rose

His Wife for a Hat, Awakenings, The Mind’s Eye) Yong also discusses how atypical persons may be using other senses as ways of knowing the world, and how their unique experiences may broaden and deepen our own understanding of perception and cognition.

One comes away from An Immense World with a greater appreciation for the vast complexity and beauty and diversity of life on this planet, and is finally left with a sense of humility and, if one’s lucky, child-like wonder. ••• For information visit www.alan-rose.com

HOW TO PUBLICIZE YOUR NON-PROFIT EVENT IN CRR

Send your non-commercial community event info (name of event, beneficiary, sponsor, date & time, location, brief description and contact info) to publisher@crreader.com

Or mail or hand-deliver (in person or via mail slot) to:

Columbia River Reader

1333-14th Ave

Longview, WA 98632

Submission Deadlines

Events occurring:

Mar 15–April 20 by Feb 25 for March 15 issue

April 15–May 20 by Mar 25 for April 15 issue.

Calendar submissions are considered for inclusion, subject to lead time, relevance to readers, and space limitations. See Submission Guidelines below.

Submission Guidelines

Letters to the Editor (up to 200 words) relevant to the publication’s purpose — helping readers discover and enjoy the good life in the Columbia River region, at home and on the road — are welcome. Longer pieces, or excerpts thereof, in response to previously-published articles, may be printed at the discretion of the publisher and subject to editing and space limitations.

Items sent to CRR will be considered for publication unless the writer specifies otherwise. Writer’s name and phone number must be included; anonymous submissions will not be considered.

Political Endorsements CRR is a monthly publication serving readers in several towns, three counties, two states and beyond and does not publish Letters to the Editor that are endorsements or criticisms of political candidates or controversial issues. (Paid ad space is available.)

Unsolicited submissions may be considered, provided they are consistent with the publication’s purpose. Advance contact with the editor is recommended. Information of general interest submitted by readers may be used as background or incorporated in future articles.

Outings & Events calendar (free listing): Events must be open to the public. Non-profit organizations and the arts, entertainment, educational and recreational opportunities and community cultural events will receive listing priority. Fundraisers must be sanctioned/sponsored by the benefiting non-profit organization. Businesses and organizations wishing to promote their particular products or services are invited to purchase advertising.

New art exhibit at Community Arts Workshop

“Treasures by Jerome” is the title of a new exhibit of work by Jerome Makinster at the Community Arts Workshop (CAW) at Longview CAP which runs until March 10, 2023.

The CAW is newly re-opened after Covid’s interruption to its sixyear history of providing a warm, welcoming space, free arts classes and materials, and is pleased to offer an exhibit of dazzling original creations by one of its longtime instructors.

In addition to his art career, Jerome Makinster, pictured above, has 40-plus years as a Portland service manager for BMSs and Land Rovers (battery monitoring systems), and years of health training and soccer coaching which he continues to offer in the Longview area.

“Jerome’s Treasures” include realistic paintings, sparkling 3-D collages, ornamented bird houses, fishing tackle, and boxes which open to more glowing art inside. The community is invited to a reception for the artist on Friday, February 24 from 2–3pm.

The Community Arts Workshop at CAP, 1526 Commerce Ave. Longview, Wash., is open daily from 9-3 and is supported by volunteers and donations.

Call to Artists

The Columbian Artists Association presents the 45th Annual Spring Art Show March 25th through April 15th, 2023 at the Cowlitz County Museum, located at 405 Allen St., Kelso, Wash. This event is open to all artists in 2-D and 3-D media. All work will be judged/juried at entry.

Intake day is March 21, 10am to 2pm. Prospectus available at: columbianartists.org. For questions contact: Eileen Thompson @206-9499811 or webster9821@comcast.net

Lower Columbia College Community Conversations Thurs, 11:30–12:30, HSB

101,LCC campus across street from Longview Library. Also streamed via Zoom, and posted to LCC website and LCC YouTube channel. Free. No tickets or reservations needed.

•Feb 16 “Stephen King” (Adam Wolfer & Mavourneen Rister)

•Feb 23 “Emily Dickinson: Telling it slant” (Alexis Franz)

•Mar 2 “A guilty pleasure literature debate” (Fighting Smelt Speech and Debate Team)

•Mar 9 “How books transform us and our world.” (Alan Rose)

Kelso Garden Club Monthly meeting

Friday, Feb. 17, 10am at Central Christian Church basement ,401 Crawford Street, Kelso. Program speaker: Master Gardener Art Fowler on Composting, 10:30-11:00am. Members of the public are invited to attend.

The Relocation and Rediscovery of Civil War Letters in Cowlitz County

Presentation and book reading. Tues, Feb. 21, 6:30pm. Historian/author John Simpson shares Longview’s role in 1923 in attracting priceless civil war documents. Longview Public Library, 1600 Louisiana St., Longview, Wash. Free.

Pretty in Pink Father-Daughter

Ball Feb. 24-26, four sessions Fri pm to Sun afternoon to choose from, McClelland Center, Longview. Pre-registration required $16 per person. Honoring Breast Cancer Awareness; sponsored by Longview Parks and Rec. Register at register.capturepoint.com/reg/ cat_program_class_detail.cfm

Fisher poets Gathering Feb. 24-26, Astoria, Ore. A celebration of the commercial fishing industry in poetry, prose, and song. 5-11pm at various venues. Info: fisherpoets.org.

Annual Antique Sale March 10,11,& 12. Fri- Sat10-4, Sun 12-4. Friends of Skamokawa River Life Interpretive Center. Vendors: Please contact us for more information. You need not be present to sell. All proceeds help maintain the property and provide programs and community services. Contact Lori Cagle, office manager, with any questions, Tues or Thur 10–2, 360-795-3007 or email fos1894@ gmail.com. Info: www.friendsofskamokawa.org

Fundraising Breakfast Hosted by Cowlitz Valley VFW Auxiliary #1045. 9–10:30am. March 11, April 8, and the second Saturday every month at the VFW Hall, 4311 Ocean Beach Hwy, Longview Proceeds support programs that help Veterans and their families. The menu includes eggs cooked to order, sausage, biscuits and gravy, French toast, toast, coffee, orange juice and water. Cost is $7.00 per person. Open to the public.

Spellebration Mar. 23, 6pm, 21+, Grant’s at the Monticello, Longview. Spelling Bee with teams of 5, $25 per person, could win up to $500. Teams of 5 max, if you do’t have 5 come anyway. Up to $500 cash prize to winning team.

Annual Kids’ Fish-In April 29, starting at 8:00am. Nine sessions of 45 kids with the last one ending at 4:45pm. Spnsored by Longview Early Edition Rotary. Register at Longview Parks & Recreation as early as possible since the event typically fills up. The registration fee is $10 per child and we will be limiting 1 adult per child inside the fishing area. Visit mylongview. com. or call (360) 442-5400 or stop by the office at 2920 Douglas Street, Longview.

Minthorn Collection of Chinese Art Tues-Thurs, 10-3, Rose Center for the Arts, upstairs art gallery, Lower Columbia College.

Lower Columbia Genealogical Society Public Zoom meetings 2nd Thurs, 6pm. Visitors welcome, instructions, announcements. Program with guest speaker 7pm. For a Zoom link: lcgsgen@yahoo.com.

Mount St. Helens Hiking Club

Call leader to join outing or for more info. Non-members welcome.

(E) - Easier: Usually on relatively flat ground (up to 5 miles and/or less than 500 ft. e.g.)

(M) - Moderate: Longer and more elevation gain (over 5 miles and/or over 500 ft. e.g.)

(S) - Strenuous: Long hikes and/or elevation gain (over 8 miles and/or over 1200 ft. e.g.)

Feb 15 - Wed • Rainier High School (E)

Drive 15 miles RT.  Hike a 3.5 loop with 50’ e.g. through large trees and wetlands, including a walk around Hudson Park Campground.

Leader: Bruce 360-425-0256

Feb 18 - Sat • Forest Park (M)

Drive 95 miles RT. Hike a 6.5 mile loop with 800’ e.g. on Ridge Trail through forested hillsides. Lunch at Skyline Pub after hike.

Leader: Bruce 360-425-0256

Feb 22 - Wed • Pacific Way Trail (E) Hike 5 miles on level gravel path.

Leader: John (360) 431-1122.

Hike 5 miles on level gravel path. Leader: John (360) 431-1122.

Feb 25 - Sat • Chehalem Ridge (M) Drive 120 miles r.t. In and out hike 8 miles with 1000’ e.g. in the new Portland Metro Chehalem Ridge Nature Park. Douglas Fir forest and Tualatin Valley views. Leader: Darlene (253) 290-1001, Bruce 360-4250256.

Above: watercolorized sketch by the late Deena Martinson

Outings & Events

Community Yoga In-person M-W-F, 7:45–9am, St. Stephen’s Church,1428 22nd Ave, Longview, Wash. (enter via alley). Led by volunteers. Suggested donation $2 per session; donated to the church. More info: Ruth, 360430-0420.

Longview-Kelso Bridge Club Plays weekly, Monday 10:30am, Thurs 6:30pm. Kelso Senior Center, 106 NW 89th Ave., Kelso, near Rotary Spray Park. Free, open to everyone, adults of all ages welcome. Come play, or come watch and see if it looks like fun. Info: Jan, 360-425-0713.

BROADWAY GALLERY

1418 Commerce Avenue, Longview Mon thru Sat, 11–4. Visit the Gallery to see new work. For event updates check our website: the-broadwaygallery.com, at Broadway Gallery on Facebook, and broadway gallery longview on Instagram.

Featured Artists:

February: Dan

Newman (fused ceramic & blown glass); Carlene Salazar (painting)

March: Gallery

artists John S.Crocker (photography & drawings); Trudy Woods (pottery).

Stella Historical Society Museum is officially CLOSED for the season, to reopen the weekend after July 4, 2023, 11–4. Watch for news about annual “Kid’s Day” celebration. Located at 8530 Ocean Beach Highway (10 miles west of Longview), Free admission; donations always welcome. For museum tours in the off season, call 360-423-3860 or 360-4238663. Also available for Scouting tours, Eagle Scout projects and high school “community service” hours. For more info check Facebook.

Join Us for First Thursday

Mar. 2• 5:30–7pm

Enjoy new art, refreshments & live music by Barbara Meyers

HOURS Tues - Sat 11–4

Classes and Workshops are Back! Check our website or come into the Gallery.

We are a great place to buy gifts!

Voted one of top 3 Galleries in SW Washington. Free Gift wrapping plus Layaway!

Find a unique gift! We have beautiful artisan cards, jewelry, books by local authors, wearable art, original paintings, pottery, sculpture, photographs and so much more

2022-2023 Performing Arts Series

Sunday, March 12th

7:30 pm

Tickets: clatskaniearts.org or at the door

Adults $15

Senior/Student $13; Child $10

PERFORMANCE AT BIRKENFELD THEATRE, 75 S.NEHALEM ST., CLATSKANIE, ORE.

THE MINTHORN COLLECTION OF CHINESE ART

A gift from Dr. and Mrs. H. Minthorn to the community via Lower Columbia College Foundation, The Minthorn Collection of Chinese Art encompasses a wide range of styles and is displayed in the upper level of the art gallery in LCC’s Rose Center, open Tues-Thurs, 10–3. Free.

Thursday, March 23rd

GENTLE READER: Without wading into a debate on the merits of virtual friendship, Miss Manners feels secure in

Miss Manners from page 9 saying that if you are not close enough to certain friends to know if they are alive, you do not need to wish them a happy birthday. Meanwhile, contacting a friend you had reason to believe was alive, only to discover otherwise, is distressing -- but not rude.

DEAR MISS MANNERS: My wife and I were invited to two Super Bowl parties on the same night. She accepted both.

I think we should have politely declined the second invitation with, “So sorry,

but we have a previous commitment.” Beyond the fact that we will be running from one end of town to the other, I think it is rude to go to one party for an hour and then leave. But my wife disagrees.

GENTLE READER: When will you leave the first party -- during the game, so that the host has to get up and see you out? Before the game, so it seems as if something is wrong? After the game, so that you miss the socializing?

Oh, at halftime. Which will interrupt the people who are watching that.

Miss Manners reminds your wife of what many people seem to have forgotten: that invitations should be promptly accepted or declined, and bargaining over the terms is not allowed.

•••

Please send your questions to Miss Manners at her website, www.missmanners.com; to her email, dearmissmanners@gmail.com; or through postal mail to Miss Manners, Andrews McMeel Syndication, 1130 Walnut St., Kansas City, MO 64106.

Northwest Gardening

Cropping, trimming, snipping, nipping

Do’s and Don’t’s for pruning shrubs in late winter

Welcome to February and March, the months when even the hardiest of gardeners may be tempted to stay indoors and avoid the wet, chilly Pacific Northwest weather. But before you grab your gardening gloves and pruning shears, let’s go over some dos and don’ts to keep in mind as late winter tries to move into spring.

If you don’t know how to prune, take time to learn how to do it correctly. Always use freshly sharpened bypass pruners. Learn the difference between heading and thinning cuts—the results of each technique are radically different.

Heading back is a method used to lower the height of various types of bushes by cutting each branch back to a bigger branch or bud. It creates bushy, dense new growth.

Thinning is the most popular and effective method for rejuvenating a shrub. It keeps the plant’s shape intact and is especially useful for shrubs that sprout from the base. To do this, use loppers or a pruning saw to cut interior branches back to the bottom of the plant or the point where they originate. It’s a good idea to disinfect the pruner between cuts with alcohol spray or a disinfectant surface wipe.

My favorite reference book is Cass Turnbull’s Guide to Pruning . There are some great videos out there, too. Our website has a terrific collection of reliable, research-based gardening information; check out cowlitzcomg.com/workshopsvideos.

Pruning may be necessary for many deciduous shrubs that lose leaves and go dormant in the winter. Go out and look at your bushes. Not all shrubs need to be pruned, but you should remove dead, diseased, and crossing branches and any suckers you see coming up from the roots (yank those out—don’t prune suckers). Are the shrubs overgrown and trying to take over your planting bed? Is the shape not to your liking? Are the inside branches bare of leaves? It might be time to consider some judicious pruning. Pruning a flowering shrub will also encourage more flowers to bloom.

What NOT to prune now: springflowering bushes, such as lilacs, forsythia, azalea, daphne, rhododendron, wisteria, snowball and lacecap hydrangeas, and many others. They should be pruned immediately after they have finished blooming—no later than June because they will form next year’s flower buds this summer. If you prune any of these right now, you won’t have any flowers this year!

However, now is a good time to prune shrubs that flower in the summer, such as panicle hydrangea (the ones with cone-shaped flower heads), spirea, camellia,

abelia, California lilac, Russian sage, and others. They form flowers on the new wood that grows this spring, so prune them while they are dormant— before the leaf buds open. My panicle hydrangea grew into a monster last year. I plan to prune it down to about 6 inches this year, then give it some rose fertilizer to support new growth. This is called rejuvenation pruning, which can be stressful for the plant. The best and healthiest way

Story by Alice Slusher

to rejuvenate an overgrown or twiggy shrub is to prune it back by one-third for three consecutive years.

Don’t hesitate to begin trimming your plants. Acquire the necessary knowledge through resources such as books, videos, or websites and videos offered by universities like WSU and OSU. After gaining some understanding, grab your pruners and get started. Remember that pruning is not an exact science; it is an ongoing process of experimentation—and that’s what gardening is all about! •••

Programs & Events

OSU Extension Columbia County 503-397-3462

Online Workshops: Registration is required. extension.oregonstate.edu/county/columbia/

events

Feb. 18 OSU Small Farms Conference, Corvallis

Feb. 18 9am-noon Annual Grafting Workshop

Feb. 18 1-3pm Learn how to Prune Fruit Tress & Grapes, and to Set Mole Traps

Feb. 21 (6:30–8pm) Chat with Chip online interactive Q&A program with Chip Bubl.

WSU Extension Cowlitz County

360-577-3014

304 Cowlitz Way, Kelso, Wash.

For connection info or registration for in-person classes: cowlitzcomg.com/public-events)

Online Workshops. Tues., noon:

Feb. 14 Seed Starting at Home

Feb. 21 Grape Care and Pruning

Feb. 28 Rose Care in the Spring

Mar. 7 Growing Strawberries

In-person

Feb. 18 (10-11:30am) Seed Starting Class

Feb. 25 (10am–noon) Grape Care and Pruning

Mar. 4 (10am–noon) Raising Mason Bees

Mar. 11 (10am–noon) Willow Propagation

Kalama resident Alice Slusher volunteers with WSU Extension Service Plant & Insect Clinic. Call 360-5773014, ext. 1, or send question via cowlitzmastergardener@ gmail.com.

Quality Scans and Superior Service

Patrick Burns and the staff at Pacific Imaging Center are dedicated to providing patients with the very finest imaging services. PIC specializes in producing first-quality musculoskeletal and neurological MRIs.

As an added bonus, PIC teams with the world-renowned radiologists at National Orthopedic Imaging Associates to guarantee that patient scans are read by a radiologist with subspecialty expertise.

For example, if a patient has a brain scan, his or her MRI will be analyzed by a person with subspeciality expertise and experience in that area. Also, patient scans are typically returned to the primary care physicians with one to two days. Call PIC for answers to your questions.

Cabaret Follies of Lower Columbia will present “A Night to Remember” with two evening performances on March 24-25 at Longview’s historic Columbia Theatre.  There will also be a matinee performance on Saturday, March 25th at 2pm.

The production begins with “Meet the Director Night” on February 27th at 6pm at the Kelso Elks Lodge.  Talented and interested singers, dancers, comedians, stagehands, helpers,  individuals and groups are encouraged to attend. They will meet Jaime Donegan and share in the excitement of “show biz.” There will be entertainment and the opportunity to learn more about being in the show.  Imagine being one of about 120 cast members in the opening number when the curtain goes up, the lights are on, and the music begins!  It’s an exhilarating experience.

Donegan, a nationally known, independent choreographer, producer and costumer, has directed Cabaret shows here since 1995.  Besides trunks of costumes previously used in Broadway shows, Donegan brings enthusiasm, experience and charisma.

“Jaime builds camaraderie among the group,” said Jackie Evans, who has been part of multiple Cabaret performances over the years. “Where else can you sing and dance for charity and feel great about it?”

Anyone age 18 years or older is invited to participate in the show.  Rehearsals run during the course of about four weeks to help put this popular community show together, explained this year’s event chairman P.J. Peterson. If you can sing, dance, tell jokes or even if

A Night to Remember Cabaret Follies returns

March 24-25

you can’t, lots of volunteers are needed and opportunities are available for everyone, both on and off the stage.

“I’ve never had more fun than participating in Cabaret,” says Peterson.

“It takes hours and hours of time … people come out of the woodwork to shine on stage and contribute what they can.”

If you can’t make it to the Meet the Director Night, but still want to be involved, contact Robin Swecker at

rasweck@gmail.com or 360.431.4830 for more information. Everyone is  welcome and no one will be turned away.  Those unable to participate are encouraged to buy tickets and see the show.

This year the proceeds will go to Youth and Family Link.  This local organization promotes positive change in a child and family’s life by engaging and linking them to resources that will result in successes in school, having positive friends, a healthy home life, and being involved in wholesome activities.  The fundraising goal, to be met primarily through corporate sponsorships and ticket sales is $30,000.

Enjoy driving and being with people? YOU can help!

CAP volunteer drivers provide crucial transportation for individuals to out-of-town medical appointments. Volunteer drivers receive tax-exempt mileage reimbursement, currently $.625 per mile, and paid trainings.

If you’re interested and have a reliable vehicle and clean driving record, please call: 360- 261-6236 or 360-200-4911

Ramona Leber, president of Cabaret Follies of Lower Columbia, said, “Whatever you can do, there’s a place for you.  This is a great opportunity for stretching one’s limits and getting to be on stage.” She said it’s also fun for the audience to watch their friends doing something new and different, and everyone is amused and surprised by the dances and skits.

Every show ticket purchased helps support the Youth and Family Link organization. A beautiful diamond pendant necklace, courtesy of Diamond Showcase, will be raffled, with tickets available for purchase at all three performances.  The lucky winner will be announced at the final performance on March 25th.

Let the show begin!

•••

On my way to Cabaret, I hope they do “Singin’ in the Rain” and call me up from the audience!

the spectator by ned piper

Irecently learned the hard way that vertigo is more than the title of an Alfred Hitchcock movie.

Waking up at 3:00am, I got out of bed and went into the bathroom to weigh myself. (Editor’ note: That was not the only reason). You see, I’m on a diet and I’ve noticed that I weigh less in the middle of the night than any other time of the day. I stepped on the scale and, to my surprise, I became so dizzy I was afraid I would fall. Somehow, I made it back into the bedroom where I did fall, crashing into a wall.

Confused and dizzy beyond belief, I stayed on the floor, hoping that the dizziness would subside. It took 30 minutes for my head to stop spinning.

In the morning, a call to my doctor put me in touch with one of his nurses, who recommended I go to the emergency room to make sure my vertigo was

not triggered by a stroke. Following the nurse’s advice, Sue and I spent five hours in the ER that day where the staff administered a number of tests.

One of the ER doctors explained to me that vertigo is brought on by the disruption of tiny crystals within the inner ear. He compared it to a snow globe, the insides of which swirl around when you shake it. The crystals somehow get dislodged from their little “cave” in the ear — often by sudden movement of the head — causing one’s balance to be disrupted. He suggested the Epley Maneuver, a simple but very helpful (for 80 percent of patients, at least) sequence of movements you can do at home. I looked it up on YouTube and tried it. It helped. A bit.

The thing that has amazed me is how many people I’ve spoken to about this who have also experienced vertigo. It seems fairly common.

PLUGGED IN TO

COWLITZ PUD

By Alice Dietz, Cowlitz PUD Comunications/ Public Relations Manager

Substation Vandalism

We wanted to reach out to customers who have heard about or were impacted by the substation vandalisms that took place in November. We, along with other regional utilities, are continuing to work closely with local, state, and federal law enforcement. We take these vandalisms very seriously and are doing the following updates to secure our vital infrastructure:

Ad Manager: Ned Piper 360-749-2632 All areas

Sue Lane 360-261-0658 Downtown Longview & all areas

AD DEADLINES.

Mar 15 issue: Feb .25

April 15 issue: Mar. 57

Submission Guidelines, page 36.

The good news is that a massage therapist at Raindance Acupuncture, in Kelso, who is familiar with vertigo remedies helped me further. She implemented a sequence of movements/positions — presumably similar to the Epley Maneuver —on me that apparently allowed the crystals to return to the place in my inner ear where they belonged. At least for now.

I just checked and learned that we can watch Hitchcock’s Vertigo, starring Jimmy Stewart, on Amazon Prime. I just hope it doesn’t make me dizzy. But there’s always the Epley. And you can try it at home.

Longview resident Ned Piper coordinates advertising and distribution of CRR, and enjoys the opportunities to meet and greet friends, both old and new.

•Increased physical security inside the substations

•After hour patrols by clearly marked security companies. Included in these patrols, is the security company walking the perimeter of each substation when visiting afterhours.

•Increased presence of local law enforcement.

•Increased after-hours presence of PUD personnel.

•Installation of additional alarms in the substations.

As we see vandalisms on the rise across our region, you can help! If you see something suspicious or notice any questionable behavior, notify the police immediately. If you have any questions, please reach out to me at 360-501-9146 or adietz@cowlitzpud. org

Alice Dietz is Cowlitz PUD’s Communications/Public Relations Manager. Reach her at adietz@ cowlitzpud.org, or 360-501-9146.

Stop the world, I wanted to get off!

And who else has an Umbrella Man?!

Other events, page 28

Great Gifts!

“Tidewater Reach is a pleasure to hold; it provokes delights, both intellectual and emotional. I commend all who were involved in bringing us this treasure. It deserves a place on your bookshelf and in your heart.”

-- Cate Gable, “Coast Chronicles,” Chinook Observer, Long Beach, Wash.

Mail Order Form, page 2

Both books feature original woodcut art by Debby Neely

About 250 attended festivities featuring Mayor MaryAlice Wallis, the Cowlitz Tribe dancing/drumming/singing, Time Capsule opening by local Masons, historical artifacts and photos,balloons and bubbly.

Through the Years Cowlitz PUD