new wave
RAM NAYAK - RALPH SANTOS - TINO MUBAYIWA
Contents 0.0 PREVIOUS PROTOTYPE 0.1 TIMBER WEAVING 0.2 TIMBER WAFFLE STRUCTURES 0.3 PATTERN RESEARCH 0.4 FINAL DIGITAL MODEL 0.5 PREVIOUS CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE 0.6 JIG CONSTRUCTION 0.7 BENDING EXPERIMENT 1.0 PRECEDENT STUDY 1.1 TIMBER WAVE BY AL_A 2.0 DIGITAL DESIGN 2.1 DESIGN PROPOSAL 2.2 DESIGN ANALYSIS 2.3 DESIGN GENERATION 2.4 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT 2.5 DESIGN PROGRESSION 2.6 FINAL DIGITAL DESIGN 3.0 PHYSICAL PROTOTYPE 3.1 FABRICATION INTRODUCTION 3.2 FABRICATION SEQUENCES 3.3 PROTOTYPE OPTIMISATION 3.4 FINAL PROTOTYPE
0.0 PREVIOUS PROTOTYPE
0.2 Timber Weaving Timber weaving can be achieved in architecture through woven sets of seamless patterns. One of the most prominent pattern used on timber is the kagome weave. This type of weave has equal strength in every direction due to the intersections that form equilateral triangles, which provides great resistance to tear and shear. Shigeru Ban has implemented this pattern on a couple of his projects - Centre Pompidou Metz and Nine Bridges Country Club. The form of his weave usually acts as a grid shell for a roof/ceiling and usually takes a fluid non-rectangular shape. A great difficulty results from this due to the timber being doubly curved which makes manufacturing very difficult and slow which in turn makes a project very expensive.
Centre Pompidou-Metz, Metz, France
Jerwood Gridshell, West Sussex, England
Nine Bridges Country Club, South Korea
Japan Pavillion Hannover Expo 2000
Other patterns can be used in timber weaving the most common one is the regular square lattice grid which was used in The Jerwood Gridshell Space, Japan Pavilion Hanover Expo 2000 and many others. In history the square lattice pattern can be found in mongolian architecture. They used this technology to create the structural skeleton of the ‘yurts’ that they live in.
0.3 Timber Waffle Structures To solve the doubly curved problem, building a waffle structure can be a solution. It has a simple construction process which makes manufacturing easier and can achieve similar patterns to woven patterns. The faculty and students of IAAC has created a waffle structure from the triaxial pattern mentioned before, combining the strength of the equilateral triangles in the triaxial pattern with the elementary construction process of waffle structures. Bunjil Place, Narre Warren, Australia Metropol Parasol, Seville, Spain
Triaxial Waffle - IAAC
0.4 Pattern Research Then I generated patterns made from a mathematical rule. This is so that the pattern can be made in grasshopper. The rule is to create lines with a start and an end point on a grid using a number as a sequence. For example the image on the right is on a sequence of 3’s on a 3 x 3 grid. A line would be drawn from point 1 -> 4 -> 7 -> 10 -> 1 and 2 -> 5 -> 8 ->11 -> 2. We used these patterns as tiles to plot on meshes with square grids.
3
6x6
5x5
4x4
3x3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.5 CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE
part 4
part 3
part 2
part 1
1.0 PRECEDENT STUDY
1.0 TIMBER WAVE BY AL_A ON OUR FIRST PRESENTATION WE HAD TIMBER WEAVING AS OUR INITIAL PRECEDENT FOR OUR PROJECT. WE DECIDED TO DEVIATE FROM THAT PRECEDENT AND FOCUS MORE ON THE CONCEPT OF TIMBER BENDING. THE TIMBER WAVE HAS A FLUID FORM AND CONSISTS OF REPETITIVE MOTIF. WHICH ARE THE DESIGN PRINCIPLES WE IMPLEMENTED ON OUR PREVIOUS DESIGN.
2.0 DIGITAL DESIGN
2.1 DESIGN PROPOSAL
STICKING TO OUR PREVIOUS DESIGN PRINCIPLES, WE WANTED TO CREATE A PAVILION WITH A FLUID FORM AND REPETITIVE MOTIF. NOT ONLY THAT, BUT WE ALSO WANTED TO CREATE A DESIGN THAT CAN ALSO BE MADE EASILY IN REAL LIFE. UNLIKE OUR PREVIOUS WAFFLE DESIGN WHICH REQUIRED A METICULOUS CONSTRUCTION METHOD, WE DECIDED TO SIMPLIFY OUR CONSTRUCTION METHOD AND SCRAP THE WAFFLE CONSTRUCTION METHOD. WE HYPOTHESIZED USING A SINGLE BENDING JIG FOR EVERY PIECE OF TIMBER IN THE STRUCTURE WOULD GREATLY REDUCE PRODUCTION TIME AND DIFFICULTY AND DECIDED TO IMPLEMENT THAT TO OUR DESIGN.
2.2 DESIGN ANALYSIS WE DECIDED TO KEEP OUR INITIAL FORM AND SIMPLIFY OUR CURRENT PATTERN. THE PATTERN WE HAD BEFORE WAS TOO IRREGULAR AND COULD NOT BE MADE WITH A SINGLE BENDING JIG. TO DO SO, WE HAD TO LOOK AT THE PATTERN WITHIN OUR PATTERN AND TRY AND FIND A SIMPLER ALTERNATIVE.
2.2 GRID ORIENTATION ANALYSIS
2.3 DESIGN GENERATION WE GENERATED PARAMETRIC VARIATIONS OF OUR DESIGN BY MANIPULATING OUR PATTERN THROUGH 2 VARIABLES:
NO ADJUSTMENT
SCALE FACTOR OF THE INNER SQUARE
ROTATION OF INNER SQUARE
VARIATION 1
VARIATION 2
VARIATION 3
VARIATION 4
VARIATION 5
VARIATION 6
2.4 DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT WE EVENTUALLY AGREED UPON VARIATION 1 OF OUR DIGITAL GENERATION HOWEVER, SINCE WE THOUGHT THAT AT THIS POINT OUR DESIGN WAS TOO SIMPLE; WE DECIDED TO ADD MORE COMPLEXITY. WE DID SO BY ADDING A ‘WEAVE’ ASPECT TO IT, LINKING BACK TO OUR OLD PRECEDENT. THE WEAVE IS ACHIEVED THROUGH THE METHOD SHOWN BELOW.
WE ENCOUNTERED A PROBLEM WITH THE FOOTING OF OUR PAVILION WHEN IMPLEMENTING THE WEAVE ASPECT TO OUR DESIGN. THERE WOULD BE LOOSE, ‘FLOATING’ PIECES IN THE FOOTING AND WE THOUGHT THAT IT WOULD WEAKEN THE STRUCTURE.
WE DEVELOPED A SOLUTION BY CREATING A GRADIENT ON OUR MESH ON THE Z-AXIS. THE LOWER IT IS ON THE Z-AXIS THE WEAKER THE WEAVE OF THE PATTERN. THIS WAY THE FOOTINGS ON OUR PAVILION WILL HAVE A STRONGER, MORE SOLID, SUPPORT.
2.5 DESIGN PROGRESSION ORIGINAL WAFFLE STRUCTURE
NEW PAVILION NO WEAVE
NEW PAVILION WITH WEAVE
FINAL PROPOSED PAVILION
DEVELOPABLE SURFACE ANALYSIS
ORIGINAL WAFFLE STRUCTURE
NEW PAVILION NO WEAVE
NEW PAVILION WITH WEAVE
FINAL PROPOSED PAVILION
2.6 FINAL DESIGN
PLANS & ELEVATION
3.0 PHYSICAL PROTOYPE
0.6 JIG CONSTRUCTION
EXPERIMENT OUTCOME 1
EXPERIMENT OUTCOME 2
EXPERIMENT OUTCOME 3
0.7 BENDING EXPERIMENT
1:2 PROTOTYPE CONSTRUCTION