ARC20001-2021-s1-Burjawi-Final Journal by SwinArchitecture

Architectural Studio 02 Semester 01 2021

UiTTA

Nader Burjawi 102716134

Contents Page

Mid Semester Journal

Research & Ideation - Individual Work Precedent Studies and Precedent Models 01. The China Pavilion 02. Ephemeral Pavilion 03. Serpentine Pavilion 2016 04. South Pond Pavilion 05. Heydar Aliyev Center 06. Jewel Changi Airport Digital Sketches Sketch 01 & 02 Sketch 03 Sketch 04 Sketch 05 Sketch 06 Sketch 07 Sketch 08 Sketch 09 Sketch 10

ARC20001-Architectural Design Studio 2 Semester 1

UiTTA Project - Group Work P 04-09 P 10-11 P 12-13 P 14-17 P 18-19 P 20-23

P 24-25 P 26-27 P 28-29 P 30-31 P 32-33 P 34-35 P 36-37 P 38-39 P 40-41

Semester Journal: Final Sem Journal

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

P 42-42 P 43-43

Site Analysis 01. Site Location 02. Site Photos 03. Existing Security Building

P 74-75 P 76-77 P 78-79

Selected Site 01. Site Selection 02. Site Modeling

P 44-45 P 46-47

Inspirations 01. Pervious Concept Design 02. Precedents & Inspirations

P 80-81 P 82-87

First Proposed Design 01. Design Inspirations 02. Concept Diagrams 03. Axonometrics 04. Plans 05. Elevations and Sections 06. Perspective Renders

P 48-49 P 50-53 P 54-57 P 58-59 P 60-65 P 66-73

Concept Ideation 01. Concept Idea (Accessibility) 02. Experimentation With Ribbon 03. Activities and Purposes 04. Security Building Development 05. Indoor & Outdoors Connection 06. Draft Design Proposal 07. Further Developing concept

P 88-89 P 90-93 P 94-95 P 96-99 P 100-101 P 102-103 P 104-105

Digital To Physical 01. Digital Concept 02. Model Photos

Final Design Proposal 01. Plans and Elevations 02. Sectional Perspective 03. Axonometric Diagrams 04. Post Photoshop 05. Exterior Renders 06. Interior Renders 07. Night Renders Tutor name: Canhui Chen

P 106-112 P 113-113 P 114-115 P 116-117 P 118-125 P 126-135 P 136-139

Construction Method 01 01. Waffle System 02. Legs Assembly 03. Lights & GPO 04. Wall Installations 05. Constructing Steps 06. Final Construction Model

P 140-141 P 142-143 P 144-145 P 146-146 P 147-151 P 152-155

Construction Method 02 01. Steel Frame System 02. Legs Assembly 03. Lights & GPO 04. Wall Installations 05. Constructing Steps 06. Final Construction Model

P 156-157 P 158-159 P 160-161 P 162-162 P 163-165 P 166-169

Project Evaluation 01. Proposed Design

P 170-171

Poster 01. Final Poster A0

P 172-173

Precedent Structure Study China Pavilion Milan 2015

The pavilion’s roof reflects its theme, “the Land of Hope.” so designers come up with an idea of the roof by merging the profile of a Beijing city skyline with the silhouette of a rolling landscape, lofted together to create contours that

transition from city to landscape to express the idea that cities and nature can co-exist in harmony.

North

Source: https://www.e-architect.com/milan/ South

china-pavilion-for-expo-milano-2015

Source: https://www.e-architect.com/milan/china-pavilion-for-expo-milano-2015

ARC20001-Architectural Design Studio 2 Semester 1

Semester Journal: Final Sem Journal

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

Bamboo Panels

China Pavilion Milan 2015 The top layer in the roof system composed of bamboo-covered aluminum panels. Based on the transition between two parametric line types - the NURBS curve to the south

(the landscape profile) and the polyline to the north (the city skyline), This form is created using computer calculations to define the best transition. The paneling system consists of 1052

Source: https://www.e-architect.com/milan/china-pavilion-for-expo-milano-2015

Structure Concept

China Pavilion Milan 2015 In order to hold the weight of the roof, 5 steel trusses were suspended vertically as u can see on the left diagram. The trusses are designed to turn the angle from north to south and

Source: \https://www.e-architect.com/ milan/china-pavilion-for-expo-

transition the form. Also in the second diagram 5 major steel rafters where added to enforce the entire roof.

Source: https://www.e-architect.com/milan/china-pavilion-for-expo-milano-2015

milano-2015

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Semester Journal: Final Sem Journal

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

Construction Method China Pavilion Milan 2015

The Pavilion roof is defined by a glulam structural system which consist of four roof layers that are steel and timber roof structure, a PVC waterproofing layer and finally the parametrically designed bamboo panels to provide shade

Panel supporters are added to hold the layers together as depicted in figure 10. Below are the types joining systems that they developed for the structure.The most common joining system is the one shown in the diagram which is a steel purlin

that has a steel plate on it which is joined with the timber structure and braced on each side to spread the tension equally between the panels as show in the images of the right.

Precedent Structure Model China Pavilion Milan 2015

After researching and studying the China Pavilion I reconstructed the pavilions structural system in Grasshopper to further study and understand how the pavilion was put together. Starting with creating a waffle

effect for the timber structure, followed by panels supporters that hold the waterproof members and finally the bamboo panels to shade the building from the sun.

Original Diagram

Panel Supporters Recreated Diagram

04. Bamboo Panels 03. Waterproof Member 02. Panel Supports Source: https://www.e-architect.com/milan/china-pavilion-for-expo-milano-2015

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Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

01. Timber Structure

Precedent Study One

Ephemeral Pavilion - Melbourne, Australia 2015 Created by architect John Wardle the ephemral pavilion is inspired by the Venezuelan artist Jesus Rafael Soto which he approaches art in a playful way using saturated and soft colours. The piece is made

up of a series of three metallic modules that make up the base skeleton of the pavilion. The metal modules are linked by welding and are fixed to each other by screws. Then from the inside adding timber purlins that contour

Source: https://www.johnwardlearchitects.com/projects/ephemeralpavilion/

the structure and guide the wires that hold the coloured plastic shadings which come in purple, orange and yellow. The steel frame was coloured white to minimize the impact of it and allow the plastic pattern stand out.

Source: https://www.johnwardlearchitects.com/projects/ephemeralpavilion/

Source: https://www.thecultureconcept.com/ngv-summer-pavilion-structural-overview-john-bahoric

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Tutor name: Canhui Chen

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Precedent Study Two Serpentine Pavilion 2016

Designed by Bjarke Ingels. The concept Idea was an ‘unzipped wall’ that was transformed from straight line to three-dimensional space. The wall consist of 1,802 glass fiber boxes that are 40x50 cm with 2,890 crossform

aluminum extrusions that is screwed into the boxes, this choice of materials makes the structure very light. The boxes slide inwards and outwards in checkerboard pattern, unfolding in two layers. Due to the hollow

Wall Components

Original Wall

box system, the pavilion can resist wind as it travels through the structure and provides shade to the structure.

Spatial Wall

Unzip

Creating Space

Source: https://www.serpentinegalleries.org/whats-on/serpentine-pavilion-and-summer-houses-2016/ Source: http://www.iaacblog.com/programs/serpentine-gallery-pavilion-01/

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Semester Journal: Final Sem Journal

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

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Precedent Study Three South Pond Pavilion

Created by Studio gang , the pavilion transforms an urban pond from the 19th century into an ecological habitat. In addition to the design’s improvements to water quality, accessibility and shelter, the site also functions as an outdoor classroom demonstrating the co-existence of

1. The First Lamination

natural and urban surroundings. The pavilion depicts a glulam timber structure that is bent to create arch like form that produces a strong structure. The way the timber is done by stacking timber beams as seen in the first step. Then sliced into 12 pieces which creates

2. Slice Longitudinally

strong thin laminates that can be manipulated in the weak axis as shown in the last diagram to create a structural beam unit. To make the structure water tight, custom fibre glass domes are installed in between the curved timber.

3. The second Lamination

Source: https://inhabitat.com/curvaceious-wood-pavilion-at-chicagos-lincoln-park-zoo/

Source: https://www.floornature.com/architectural-solutions/glu-lam-and-fibreglass-pavilion-chicagoas-lincoln-park-zoo-13111/

Source: https://www.floornature.eu/solutions-architecturales/pavillon-en-bois-et-fibres-de-verre-pour-le-zoo-de-lincoln-p-13111/

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Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

Source: https://inhabitat.com/curvaceious-wood-pavilion-atchicagos-lincoln-park-zoo/

Source: https://www.floornature.eu/solutions-architecturales/pavillon-en-bois-et-fibres-de-verre-pourle-zoo-de-lincoln-p-13111/

015

Assembly Steps

Precedent Structure Model South Pond Pavilion

Using Rhino and Grasshopper, I was able to raplicate part of the structure to depict the construction technique that the architects use to asseble the pavilion. The wood structure is made out of Glulam construction

01. Closing Bolts

timber that is attached to a steel plate which is fixed with 6 heavy duty screws that conncets to the other timber piece as shown in the diagram.

02. Panel 01 05 03 01

03. Steel Plate

04 04. Panel 02 05. Heavy Duty Screws

Assembled Piece

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Rendered View (South)

Precedent Study Five

Primary Steel Structure

Heydar Aliyev Center

Designed by Zaha Hadid, the Heydar Aliyev building is cladded with composite fibre meaning the smooth surface can be obtained. The predominant materials used in the facade system are glass fibre reinforced polyester and concrete panels. There are two collaborating

system in the design which are concrete structure and space frame system. The structure features 4 layers that starts with the steel frame structure which is used to frame the form, layer for waterproof members, then the panel frame and panel brackets that are attached to the

Materials For The Facade

panels which are made from Glass reenforced plastic GRP. These choices create a light weight construction method

Layering System

01 02

Installing The Panels

Facade Front View

Source: https://www.floornature.eu/solutions-architecturales/pavillon-enbois-et-fibres-de-verre-pour-le-zoo-de-lincoln-p-13111/

Source: https://www.floornature.eu/solutions-architecturales/pavillon-en-bois-et-fibres-de-verre-pour-le-zoo-de-lincolnp-13111/

03 04 Support Detail

01 03

01. GRP Panels 02. Panel Brackets 03. Panel Frame

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Tutor name: Canhui Chen

04. Waterproof Member 05. Primary Structure (Steel Frame)

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Precedent Study Six

Jewel changi Airport - Safdie Architects The initial “gridshell” concept was a single layer structural system that would maximize light and transparency within the space. This steel and glass shell is made of prismatic steel elements, intersecting at solid steel nodes in a triangular pattern as shown in diagram that holds around 9000 glass pieces to reduce wieght and produce a durable structure.

Distribution of the forces.

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Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

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Each glass panel varies in shape and sizes to provide the nessesary srtuctural support. The building weighs more than 6000 ton, due to the enormouse size, parametric approach allowed the engineering team to make changes to the gridshell form to anylise large data, the structure is supported by a ring of only 14 treelike columns.

Stress diagram

021

Precedent Structure Model

Jewel changi Airport - Safdie Architects This steel and glass shell is made of prismatic steel elements, intersecting at solid steel nodes in a triangular pattern as shown in diagram that holds around 9000 glass pieces to reduce wieght and produce a durable structure. Each glass panel varies in shape and sizes to provide the nessesary srtuctural support.

The building weighs more than 6000 ton, due to the enormouse size, parametric approach allowed the engineering team to make changes to the gridshell form to anylise large data, the structure is supported by a ring of only 14 treelike columns.

01. Nodes and Steel Beams Apart

02. Nodes and Steel Beams Assembled

03. Finished Assembly

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Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

023

Grasshopper & Rhino

I created 3 circle crvs of rhino to reference for grasshopper and lofted them together to create the form. Then using the grasshopper extension known as lunchbox to develop the

Shaded

024

Concept Sketch One

ARC20001-Architectural Design Studio 2 Semester 1

panels of the faced and spread them by 20 on the z axis and 15 on the xy axis.

Ghosted

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Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

Concept Sketch Two

Grasshopper & Rhino

This pattern is created using a triangular grid, then using list item command to separate each side of the triangle to create a surface on top of it from the y axis this allowed the option to create an opening that

is rotated form each side of the triangle to rotate the three triangular surfaces. After the form is created I increased the gird number to create a 8x8 triangular pattern.

Wire frame

025

Concept Sketch Three Grasshopper & Rhino

From rhino, two organically formed curves where created as a reference for grasshopper to form a loft that I can sculpt and manipulate it to the desired form

026

ARC20001-Architectural Design Studio 2 Semester 1

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Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

and shape. Contouring the form can help visualize the complex geometry of the model for easier interpretation.

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

01.

02.

03.

04.

05.

06.

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Concept Sketch Four Grasshopper & Rhino

First step to create this pattern by using a rectangular grid and place circles inside it with a randomized sizes. Then extruding the curves from the pattern by 3 to give it a

thickness. Spheres where placed in front of each hole to carve the flat extrusion. Once the pattern is completed, A surface is linked to the pattern to merge it form.

Surface

028

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Parametric Pattern

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Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

Merged Surface

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Concept Sketch Five Grasshopper & Rhino

Using Hexagonal curve as reference, the First step in grasshopper is to array the curve then rotate them on a x axis and disconnect one side of the hexagon using the list item command to create an opening.

Ghosted

Using the fillet corners command for smoother edges around the hexagon, then offsetting the curve for thickness and finally extruding it to create a form.

Wire Frame

Rendered

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Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

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Concept Sketch Six Grasshopper & Rhino

To develop a waffle structure, I began with a brep surface that is referenced from Rhino to Grasshopper to form the panels on. Then extruding the surface to a desired thickness, using the contour command, contour lines from the x axis and the y axis where created , then extruding them to a desired length

Surface

032

ARC20001-Architectural Design Studio 2 Semester 1

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Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

creating the waffle structure. To make the model work as a real structure, the panels must interlock together which is a achieved by splitting the y contour panels with the x contour panels that will create a boolean difference between them.

Waffled

033

Concept Sketch Seven Grasshopper & Rhino

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the model work as a real structure, the panels must interlock together which is a achieved by splitting the y contour panels with the x contour panels that will create a boolean difference between them.

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

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Concept Sketch Eight Grasshopper & Rhino

Original Form

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Tutor name: Canhui Chen

Contoured Form

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Concept Sketch Eight Grasshopper & Rhino

and the y axis where created , then extruding them to a desired length creating the waffle structure. To make the model work as a real structure, the panels must interlock together which is a achieved by splitting the y contour panels with the x contour

panels that will create a boolean difference between them.

Wire frame

Mono

Front View

Rendered

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ARC20001-Architectural Design Studio 2 Semester 1

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Tutor name: Canhui Chen

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Concept Sketch Eight Grasshopper & Rhino

work as a real structure, the panels must interlock together which is a achieved by splitting the y contour panels with the x contour panels that will create a boolean difference between them.

contour lines from the x axis and the y axis where created , then extruding them to a desired length creating the waffle structure. To make the model

01. Original Surface

03. Final Form

040

ARC20001-Architectural Design Studio 2 Semester 1

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Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

02. Refrenced Shapes

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Digital to Physical Concept and Design

For this task we have to design a chandelier that is expressed using parametric patterns such as triangular panels with different openings sizes that will be laser cut on two 1000 x 700 mm white cardboard boards and then assembled them together using double sided tape and grasshopper tool to guide us

01. Surface

02. Triangular Panels

on where each piece is placed and assembled. The strips are designed to rotate around the model to be able to force the shape of the physical form. As shown in the unrolled model, we used tapers to allow the structure to be stuck together and numbers to guide each strip when assembeling it.

03. Final Pattern

Pattern Unroll

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Strips Rotation

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

Final Form

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Site Selection

Site 02 - The Swinburne Gateway The brief suggests to create a new public space on the site that provides a seating and socializing area from the entrance to campus that conveys a welcoming and inviting environment to Swinburne University. As you can see through the diagram, the red arrows depict the main access point to the site which is from

Site Proposal

Train Arches and Pathway When analyzing the site, the train station arches (highlighted in red) are not really presented the best way in terms of design, they are just closed with fences and lack in presentation. Therefore my suggestion is to open up the fences and use the space inside to create a

Glenferrie station and the area in red is what will be changes on the site.

new public space. The space is also used as a carpark (highlighted in green) which is another existing feature of the site. Finally the Swinburne security building that needs a new face to convey an exciting and inviting place.

Entrance Glenferrie Road

Exit to Swinburne The Swinburne Gateway

The Swinburne Gateway

Opening Area

Swinburne Security Building

Area To Change

C le a r e r P a

t h w a y/ E n t

rance

Expand Space The Swinburne Gateway

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The Swinburne Gateway

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Swinburne Security Building

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

The Swinburne Gateway

045

Site Model

Site 02 - The Swinburne Gateway For the site model, I have added the walking platform (highlighted in green) and adding the details on both the security building and the SPW building (highlighted in red). Also merging the buildings and Glenferrie station

Added Details

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with the land topography for a more acurate reading of the site. Using another scaled map helped to locate the vegitation surrounding the area and the roads.

Added Platform

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

047

The China Pavilion

Inspiration To The Design Precedent Studies

There are three precedents that inspire the proposed design, starting with the Serpentine pavilion of 2016 event, this building inspired me to use the idea of manipulating a surface by pulling and pushing to create a curtain like form.

The Second Precedent is the Delas Freres Winery which uses tectonic style of contouring a free form to narrow strips to create a textured wall. Finally, The China Pavilion which use curved lofted parametric panels that are fixed

on exposed timber trusses. The panels are used to protect the building from the sun exposure and provide shade. This tectonic technique can inspire the overall design of the new proposal by redefining the essential parametric system.

Serpentine Pavilion 2016

Unzip

Creating Space

Delas Feres Winery

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New Proposal

Station Arches and Pathway The new proposed building begins with a base, as we know the topography of the site varies, so to fix this problem a base slab that is constructed to level the surface. Then creating curved contoured U shape seating areas for

gathering and socializing that uses the space underneath the arches to maximize the use of space. Then adding the exposed timber trusses that will support the ribbons. And finally the final form that includes the shading strips that flow

01. Ribbon Surface

around the trusses in a back and forth motion. The ribbons are made with a triangular pattern that varies in sizes to allow for controlled sun exposure to the space as shown in the diagram below.

01. Base

02. Contoured Seating

03. Timber Rafters

04. Parametric Ribbons

02. Triangular Paneling

03. Final Form

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New Proposal

Swinburne Security Building Since the swinburne security building has a very narrow path to enter the building, I have proposed a curved inward wall to maximise the pathway entrance and better traffic flow. Also changing the main entrance to center

the side. I have decided to keep the front face of the building and only cladded with hexagonal openings that creates privacy from the outside whereas viewing from inside of the building can see the outside from the

hexagonal openings. The two parametric patterns are the contoured timber cladding and hexagonal openings

Pull

Push

01. Original Building

Pull

02. Manipulating The Surface

Side Facade Front Facade

Front Facade Pattern

Side Facade Transformation

New Entrance

03. Final Cladding

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Axonometrics

Access

Proposed Design - Pathway The triangular ribbons provide shade from the sun however keeping the outdoor environment present. The space creates a easy access to the other side due to the

openness of the space to keep a flowing traffic. The seating areas are protected from sun and rain as it hides under the station arches for a more comfortable space.

Sun and Shade Social Areas

04. Parametric Ribbons

Axonometric

03. Supporting Trusses

02. Station Replica Arches

01. Seating Areas

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Axonometrics

Access

Proposed Design - Security Building The front facade design controls the sun exposure inside the building, due to how variety of opening sizes on to minimize the harsh exposure. Curving the building added

space for the entrance for a better traffic flow at peak hours. This design also creates a catchy physical entrance to convey a welcoming and inviting entrance to a new space.

Axonometric

Sun and Shade Added Space

03. Timber Cladded Contours

02. Timber Post 01. Circular Openings Facade

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Floor Plan

Site Plan

10m

20m

Top View 058

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E1 E1 View

Elevation 01

10m

Elevation 02

10m

E2 E3 View

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S1 S1 View

Section 01

10m

Elevation 03

10m

E3 E3 View

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S2 S2

Section 02

10m

S2 View

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Security Building Site to be Changed

W a k e f ie ld

Site Location Site Analysis

The same site from the previous design will be used to further develop and enhance the site. The site is located between Glenferrie Rd

A lf r e d S t

G le n f e r r ie

Surrounding Buildings

and Swinburne University Making it a essential hub for the area that connects both areas. Considering to develop the site into a socializing

zone allows the site to obtains its full potential. therefore create a new interpretation of the space

G le n fe rr e R d S w in b u rn e U n

iv e rs it y

G e n f e r r ie R d Site

S w in b u rn e U n iv e rs

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it y

20m

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Site Photos Site Analysis

These Photos focus on the poorly designed areas such as the back gate of the security building that is less developed and need to be developed. Also Proposing to remove the fake wall

to allow for a better circulation around the area and better access to the new proposed incubator space. For this project we are proposing to keep the facade of the security building and

develop the inside. Removing the existing carpark and opening up the train station arches can dramatically increase the space footprint.

Opening Area

Swinburne Security Building

Area To Change

S it e

The Swinburne Gateway

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The Swinburne Gateway

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Alfred Street

Security Building Site Analysis

For the security building, we have decided as a team to keep the traditional facade from all elevation and develop the inside space to create study area and social areas. We have also

considered how clustered both levels are so we considered to remove multiple internal walls to open up the space to increase the space inside as shown in the diagram.

Entrance

Alfred Place

Entrance

Ground Floor Walls to be Removed

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First Floor

Walls to be Removed

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Pervious Concept Design Inspirations

The main inspiration that triggered the final design of this project came from the pervious concept that I have created earlier in the semester. We focused on retranslating the idea of lines (which

we refer to them as ribbons) and anchor the concept of fluidity as shown in the red arrows. These lines guide people to particular spaces subconsciously due to the nature of the form.

01. Ribbon Surface

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02. Triangular Paneling

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

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Precedents & Inspirations Inspirations

For Inspiration, we looked at variety of ribbon like designs that allowed us to generate discussions on how to execute the idea and ways to approach the new proposal to the site. These structures

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are mainly used as public areas, the top images inspires us to consider manipulating the ribbons to create activities such as sitting, relaxing, etc. Also visualizing a one fluid pathway.

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

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PLEASE BE SEATED

PETERSONS AUTOMOTIVE MUSEUM The façade of the Petersons Automotive museum is made up of stainless steel in a ribbon like shape.

The façade is put in place via ‘’wire frames’’ like structural design running inside the ribbons helping to Peterson support and direct theAutomotive ribbon path. Museum

Please Be Seated Inspirations

Please be seated is an outdoor project that the architect use ribbon like structure to create multiple activities on the site such as sitting, lying, pathways, etc. the timber cladding is fixed on a steel rail that holds

the timber together. The steel rail is fixed on a concrete footings to level it a comfortable seating height.

Inspirations

The façade of the Petersons Automotive museum is made up are held up from beams connected to the buildings structure The inside of the ribbons are made up of panels which are connected together via a unique jig which of stainless steel in a ribbon like shape. or the ground of the building. Angel hair is a polish which Thelook façade put inlong place piece via ‘’wireof frames’’ like The structural is applied each panel which offers the metal surface makes the asis one ribbon. panels are heldtoup from beams connected to thean design running inside the ribbons helping to support and easier repair job if damaged and offers a more cleanly clear buildingsdirect structure or path. the The ground theribbons building. the ribbon inside of of the are made surface.

PETERSONS AUTOMOTIVE MUSEUM

up of panels which are connected together via a unique jig

The façade of the Petersons Automotive museum is made up of stainless ribbon like whichsteel makesin thealook as one longshape. piece of ribbon. The panels Angel hair is a polish which is applied to each panel which offers the metal surface an easier repair job if damaged and offers a more cleanly clear surface. The façade is put in place via ‘’wire frames’’ like structural design running inside the ribbons helping to support and direct the ribbon path.

PETERSONS AUTOMOTIVE MUSEUM

The façade of the Petersons Automotive museum is made up of stainless steel in a ribbon like shape. The inside of the ribbons are made up of panels which are connected together via a unique jig which makes the look as one long piece of ribbon. The panels are held up from beams connected to the The façade is put in place via ‘’wire frames’’ like structural design running inside the ribbons helping to buildings structure or the ground of the building. support and direct the ribbon path.

Angel hair is a polish which is applied to each panel which offers the metal surface an easier repair job if The inside of the ribbons are made up of panels which are connected together via a unique jig which damaged and offers a more cleanly clear surface. makes the look as one long piece of ribbon. The panels are held up from beams connected to the buildings structure or the ground of the building. Angel hair is a polish which is applied to each panel which offers the metal surface an easier repair job if damaged and offers a more cleanly clear surface.

https://www.azahner.com/works/petersen-automotive-museum/

https://blogs.3ds.com/perspectives/petersen-automotive-museum-how-design-assist-models-are-transforming-facades/

https://www.azahner.com/materials/angel-hair/

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085 https://www.azahner.com/works/petersen-automotive-museum/

SHOP NO.851

Shop No.851 desk structure made from plywood ribs which interlock at 6 inch Shop no.851 has a digitally fabricated Inspirations intervals in a waffle like structure. This design has a digitally fabricated desk structure made from plywood ribs which interlock at 6 inch intervals in a waffle like structure. It was put together with 19mm plywood ribs, 3mm flexi-play and 1.5mm paper veneer

which acts as the surface of the structure. The waffle system reduces weight of the object to make it possible to construct with minimal wastage.

It was put together with 19mm plywood ribs, 3mm flexi-play and 1.5mm paper veneer which acts as the surface of the structure.

SHOP NO.851

Shop no.851 has a digitally fabricated desk structure made from plywood ribs which interlock at 6 inch Shop no.851 has a digitally fabricated desk structure made from plywood ribs which interlock at 6 inch intervals in a waffle like structure. intervals in a waffle like structure.

It was put together with 19mm plywood ribs, 3mm flexi-play 1.5mm acts as theand 1.5mm paper veneer which acts as the It was putand together withpaper 19mm veneer plywood which ribs, 3mm flexi-play surface of the structure. surface of the structure.

Waffle System

Veneer Cladding

https://archello.com/story/75228/attachments/drawings/2 https://www.archdaily.com/941297/shop-no-851-studio-ardete

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https://archello.com/story/75228/attachments/drawings/2

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a rk

Concept Idea Concept Ideation

The site is a connecting space between Swinburne University, Glenferrie train station and Glenferrie Rd, therefore acts as a central hub between all accesses. The concept of access acts

as the backbone to the project. this idea is translated to lines as shown in the site model that flow into the space and still maintain to guide to multiple access. The addition needed to flow

through these spaces. This free form line language is then translated as ribbons that can be split, curved and strait.

S w in b u rn e P

A lf re d S t

G e n fe rr ie R d

S w in b u rn e U

Lines

ARC20001-Architectural Design Studio 2 Semester 1

Site Accesses

20m

Fluid Form

20m

The Ribbon

01. Strait

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n iv e rs it y

02. Free form

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Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

02.Split

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

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Early Design Suggestion

Experimentation With Concept Concept Ideation

During the early stages of design, I have experimented with the ribbons width going wide, short and very narrow to see what best fits the space. As seen below, the concept depicts wide

ribbons to allow for space however when discussing it with the group we have decided that the ribbons are too wide and can be reduced. The we have also decided that the average width of

Wider Width

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a ribbon should be no more than 0.8m to reduce weight and maximise the space around it. Therefore using this method to further develop the design.

Narrower Width

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

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Draft Concepts Concept Ideation

After the group meeting, I further developed the concept using Rhino and Grasshopper to be able to manipulate the ribbons. I have reduced the width of the ribbons to a more comfortable

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size to allow accessibility become much easier. Also started to redevelop the back gateway and the incubator space. I have added circular opening one the train station to allow people

to see underneath and still be safe. however we have decided as a team to remove it and keep the existing fence as it does not distract view from the ribbons.

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02. Standing Tables

03. Day Time Nap

04. Steps

05. Canopy

06. Studying

07. Entry/Pathway

08. Resting

09. Sitting

Activities and Purposes Concept Ideation

The main goal of any site is the purpose of existence the space we aim to promote features variety of activities that are formed by the ribbons such as sitting, lying, forming a canopy, steps, leaning, entry, standing tables, resting,

01. Strait

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studying and daytime napping. These activities allow the site to become more exciting and practical. These moments are formed using one of the three forms of ribbons, strait, free form and splitting. I have created These

02. Free form

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

diagrams to visually communicate the different moments and activities on the site. I have created these diagrams to help understand the activities done in both indoor and outdoor.

02.Split

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04 02

Security Building Development Concept Ideation

For the security building, our team and I have decided to keep the existing facade and only renovate the interior to a incubator/ Study area for the ground floor we propose to remove ProposedasIncubator Space the main interior walls as it clusters the space, Concept Ideation so removing the walls allows to free up more

space for better circulation, plus adding the activities required. This is the draft proposed design. From the presentation feedback, we have learned that the ribbons cluster the space too much. therfore our solution is to reduce the amount of ribbon flow in both levels. We

have also learned that for the first floor, there is no acces for people with disabilities such as elevators, therfore we will suggest to add it to the design. The circular windows and void act as a chanel to allow light through the building as light is poorly distributed before.

Secuirity Building Concept Ideation First Floor View

Ground Floor View ARC20001-Architectural Design Studio 2 Semester 1

Existing Design

Final Presentation: Week 12 Presentations

Student Names: Nader Burjawi, Harry Tweedale, Max Poletti, Nicholas Budimir

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

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Draft Proposal Design

Void

Ground Floor

First Floor

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Ground Floor

Walls to be Removed

Student Names: Nader Burjawi, Harry Tweedale, Max Poletti, Nicholas Budimir

Semester Journal: Final Sem Journal

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

First Floor

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Ribbons Student Names: Nader Burjawi, Harry Tweedale, Max Poletti, Nicholas Budimir

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

011 097

Roof Floor

First Floor

Ground Floor

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Indoor and Outdoor Connection Concept Ideation

The way the interior ribbons conncet to the exterior is by the ribbons comming from the arcade to create a more fluid design and

01. Starting with the Ribbon

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keep the idea of ribbons guiding people to areas. Most of the indoor ribbons are connceted through the existing windows,

02. Aligning it to the Glass

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

therfore a 25mm gap between the exterior and interior ribbon that sits flush with the glass and give a clean finish.

03. Gap Between Two

100M

0101

Draft Design Proposal Concept Ideation

During Presentation and meet up with the tutor, we have relised that the site lacks in vegitation and ground transformation, therefore we decided to conside adding these points into the final model to inhance the visuals of the space to make it more inviting to the public. We have aslo decided too keep the ribbons on the train

station platform as it create a consistant design and complementing the overall site. The reasonwhy. I chose red colour in most diagrams is to highlight the important features.

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Tutor name: Canhui Chen

Final Presentation: Week 12 Presentations

Student Names: Nader Burjawi, Harry Tweedale, Max Poletti, Nicholas Budimir

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

029

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Further Development of Concept Concept Ideation

Referencing week 10 presentation feedback and meetings, we have inhanced the space by first redesigning the ground into a curved ground that follows the same adia of fliudity and path guidance, then adding curcular openings and windows to allow light into both the security building and the train station arches, adding

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consistant vegitation on the site to make it more visually pleasing and finally adding the ribbons to create multipul activties and moments on the site. I have demonstraited that through creating these diagrams to depict the changes we made through using digital tools such as rhino and photoshop.

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

01. Existing Site

02. Ground Transformation

03. Vegetation & Windows

04. Ribbon Structure

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Shop Entr

Uni

enter

SPW S w in b u r n e

G le n fe r r ie R

G le n fe r r ie C

Final Design

Final design Proposal For the final model we have decided to go with bamboo texture for both interior and exterior ribbons to keep a natural and consistent aesthetics throughout the site. Using existing trees and added trees to green up the space making it more inviting space. As Shown the site plan the ribbons free form are follow one of the four

ances

direction to act as a connecting hub to both Glenferrie Rd and Swinburne University. After completeing the final digital model, I have been assigned to create all the diagrams and plans to demontraite a perticular ideas. This was achieved by using Rhino, Enscape and Photoshop.

G e n fe rr ie R d

S w in b u r n e

G le n fe r r ie T

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Uni

ra in s t a t io n

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

20M

0107

S h o p E n tr

Sw in b u rn e

Gl en fe rr ie Ce nt

SS P W

Final design Proposal

As shown in the east section and the east elevation, the first level of the security building features an open space from the south side to allow for ope-

Uni

G le n fe rr ie R

Ground Floor & Elevations ness and making it a semi puplic space, where as the secound level become a more quite space for learning and relaxing as shown in the section. The section

depicts the space underneath the train station arches which will be used a socal/eating area with a long ribbons forming tables and seatings.

ances

Ge nf er ri e R d

East Elevation

rne Uni

G e n fe rr ie

S ta ti o n

S w in b u

Gl en fe rr ie St at

io n 0

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East Section

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North Eelevation

South Eelevation

1:300 @A3

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Section Through the Security Building Sectional Perspective

Station Arches 1:300 @A3

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Roof

Axonometrics

Final design Proposal The ground floor of the new incubator building has multiple entrances two entrances from Swinburne gateway and one from the back gate of the building. Therefore allowing people to access the building from both the gateway and Alfred St. I have created these views to highlight the textures and depict

the main outdoor area on the site. Also demonstrate the space underneath the station arches. Creating an axo for the incubator space to depict how the ribbons form and connect to the outside

Platform

First Floor Station Arches

Ground

Entrance From Alfred St

Ground Floor

Entrance

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0115

Post Photoshop Final Renders

After Harry (Group Member completed the renders, I have taken them to Photoshop to retouch them and brighten them up. I have added people and also replaced the sky with a more vibrant image. Increasing the saturation on the ribbons and the sene to capture the vibrancy and colour of the space. I have also post photoshoped all the other renders to enhance its quality and visuals.

Before

After

Before

After

Before

After

Before

After

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0123

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0125

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Tutor name: Canhui Chen

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Waffle System

Construction Method 01 The waffle pattern uses timber panels that go in a grid pattern which is a natural, renewable, and sustainable material for building, with a lighter carbon footprint than steel or concrete. Waffle structure will create the frame-

work of each ribbons in our site. We will use veneer on the external sides of our structure, revealing a bamboo veneer aesthetic and even if we don’t have a budget, this finish is at much lower cost than using a solid piece of wood.

01. Top Timber Veneer

plywood ribs are digitally fabricated with the help of a definition developed in Grasshopper. Together forming a waffle structure that served as the main sub frame that keeps the wight lighter than a one solid piece.

02. Timber Slats

Bamboo Veneer

03. Timber Slats

Timber Slats (Horozontal)

Timber Slats (Vertical)

Final Form

04. Side Veneer

PlyWood Glue Laminated Bamboo Veneer

04. Bottom Timber Veneer

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Top

Legs Assembly

Construction Method 01 For any ribbons that are close to the ground, we have used a steel legs that separate the ground from the ribbons. The height will depend on what

movements the ribbons is making. the steel legs have small tabs that are fixed into the waffle rib for a durable support.

Horizontal Panels

WAFFLE EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC WAFFLE EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC

Vertical Panels

Side

Front

Waffle Structure Horizontal Panels Steel Legs Steel Bolts Steel Legs

Steel Leg

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WAFFLE DESK WITH QUAD GPODESK INSTALLED WAFFLE WITH Top View QUAD GPO INSTALLED

STEEL FRAME CEILING CONNECTION WITH INTEGRATED LIGHTS

WAFFLE CEILING CONNECTION WITH INTEGRATED LIGHTS

STEEL FRAME CEILING CONNECTION WITH INTEGRATED LIGHTS

WAFFLE CEILING CONNECTION WITH INTEGRATED LIGHTS

GPO Installation

Construction Method 01 For the interior ribbons that form tables will feature a power point that allows student and occupiers to use when using any electronics. The GPO will be placed

GPO

Side View

near the top end to allow to maximise the use of the table and it is also a more practical solution than placing it at the center.

Vertical Legs

Construction Method 01

In some ribbons, flat lights will be places on the underside for light that will be installed inside the ribbons.

Flat Light

UNDERSIDE VIEW

Halogen Light Installation

UNDERSIDE VIEW Under Side View

Flat Light

SHORTUNDERSIDE SECTIONVIEW

Bamboo Veneer

Structure

UNDERSIDE VIEW Vertical Panels

SHORT SECTION Section Side View SHORT SECTION

Horizontal Panels GPO

Timber Panels Level 2 Halogen Lights Veiw

LONG SECTION

20cm

LONG SECTION LONG SECTION

20cm

E N A

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STEEL FRAME WALL CONNECTION, NON-LOAD BEARING

WAFFLE WALL CONNECTION, NON-LOAD BEARING

Bearing and Support Construction Method 01

For low load bearing two bolts will be attached as it does not require a lot of support due to the weight it carries this will be attached in a 90 degrees angled steel plate to hold it firmly. For the high load bearing support,

four heavy duty bolts will be attached to the wall that are fixed to the waffle sub structure for durable hold and support the over all shape on the wall.

LL CONNECTION, STEEL WAFFLE FRAMEWALL WALLCONNECTION, CONNECTION, Low Load Bearing Support BEARING NON-LOAD BEARING LOAD BEARING

WAFFLE WALL CONNECTION, High Load Bearing Support LOAD BEARING

LL CONNECTION, EARING

Wall

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WAFFLE WALL CONNECTION, Wall Bolts Waffle Structure LOAD BEARING

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Bolts

Constructing Steps Construction Method 01

First step we took is laser cut the waffle panels to a scale 1:5 and assembled them together. Then using the bamboo veneer, we have laminated it into the waffle structure. Before laminating it we left the bamboo ve-

neer to set in warm water to allow the veneer to become more flexable and stretchy for the more difficult parts such as the freeform curve as shown in the photo.

Waffle Structure

0147

Constructing Steps Construction Method 01

Once the veneer is dried we have glued them into the waffle structure using PVA and Carpenters Glue that were clamped and fixed using clamps. The use of foam on each side of the clamps prevent the clamps from having a direct contact with the wood to prevent shaping it. Once dried we used more glue to fill the gaps and

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resolving any issue that we faced. We have decided that for both models to add a 150 x 75 cm plywood board that holds the model in place. The board was painted black to create contrast between the model and the board as shown in the images

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

0149

Constructing Steps Construction Method 01

The next step is to sand down all the layers of veneer for a smoother curve using manual sanding and drummer tool for harsher edges. We have learnt that using Carpenters glue leaves a yellowish colour on the wood, therefore higher sanding grit helps reduce the colouring

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by 90%. once all the sanding is done, the final step is to varnish the wood with a clear coat to hide any imperfections and leave a nicer finish overall which the model then assembled to the legs and board.

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

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Front View

Back View 0152

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Steel Frame System

Construction Method 02

The steel rail frame is another system we have researched and studied for the project. This systems is similar form but different installation from the waffle system. Using a heavy duty steel pipe

Steel Rail

that will act as a supporting frame for the timber panels to sit on the steel flat rail which is wielded to the steel pip rail. This method is a lighter option however much harder to create in a real life

Steel Flat Rail

scenario due to the complex free form flow of the ribbons which makes it hard to bend steel pipes to more than one direction.

01. Timber Cladding

02. Steel Flat rail

Steel Clips

Final Form

03. Steel Clips

04. Steel Sub Structure Support Steel tube

PlyWood Panels Cladding

3D Render

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Top

Legs Assembly

Construction Method 02 For the steel rail frame, the legs are welded into the rail for a durable attachments . The timer slats will sit on the flat rail that will be fixed onto steel clips that

Horizontal Panels

wraps around the steep frame rail as shown in the diagram. This system will create a firm and very durable system for any outdoor scenarios.

Vertical Panels

STEEL FRAME EXPLODED STEEL FRAME EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC AXONOMETRIC Side

Front

Timber Panels

Steel Structure

Steel Flat Rail Steel Legs

Steel Frame Steel Clips

Steel Bolts

Steel Legs

Steel Leg

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STEEL FRAME DESK WITH QUAD GPO INSTALLED STEEL FRAME DESK WITH Top View QUAD GPO INSTALLED

WAFFLE DESK WITH QUAD GPO INSTALLED

WAFFLE CEILING CONNE WITH INTEGRATED LIG

STEEL FRAME CEILING CONNECTION WITH INTEGRATED LIGHTS Side View

WAFFLE CEILING CONN WITH INTEGRATED LIG

GPO Installation

Flat Light

Construction Method 02 As shown in the east section and the east elevation, the first level of the security building features an open space from the south side to allow for openess and making it a semi puplic space, where as the secound level become a more quite space for learning and relax-

GPO

STEEL FRAME CEILING CONNECTION

WAFFLE DESK WITH WITH INTEGRATED LIGHTS QUAD GPO INSTALLED

Vertical Legs

ing as shown in the section. The section depicts the space underneath the train station arches which will be used a socal/eating area with a long ribbons forming tables and seatings.

UNDERSIDE VIEW Under Side View

SHORT SECTION Timber Panels

Construction Method 02

As shown in the east section and the east elevation, the first level of the security building features an open space from the south side to allow for openess and making it a semi puplic space,

UNDERSIDE VIEW

where as the secound level become a more quite space for learning and relaxing as shown in the section. The section depicts the space underneath the train station arches which will be used a socal/eating area with a long ribbons forming tables and seatings.

Flat Light Structure

Halogen Light Installation

SHORT SECT UNDERSIDE VIEW

UNDERSIDE VIEW Timber Panels

SHORT SHORT SECTION

SHORT SECTION SHORT Section SECTION Side View GPO

20cm

LONG SECTION

LONG SECTION E N A

SECTION Steel Rail

Steel Rail

LONG SECTION

LONG SECTIONLONG SECTION E N A

20cm

LONG SECT

E N A E N A

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ARC20001-Architectural Design Studio 2 Semester 1

Semester Journal: Final Sem Journal

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

0161 E N A E N A

STEEL FRAME WALL CONNECTION, NON-LOAD BEARING

Wall Installation

Construction Method 02 Although the system it self is strong to have a high load bwaring, for the low load bearing four bolts will be attached underneath that will be installed from the side to hold it firmly. For the high load bearing support, four

STEEL FRAME WALL CONNECTION, Wall Bolts Waffle Structure LOAD BEARING

ARC20001-Architectural Design Studio 2 Semester 1

Semester Journal: Final Sem Journal

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

Wall

Constructing Steps Construction Method 02

To approach this model we have developed a jig that will allow the steel rods to sit on it for a more accurate installation. the jig was computer generated for a ac-

heavy duty bolts will be attached to the wall that are fixed to the steel structure for durable hold and support the over all shape on the wall.

STEEL FRAME WALL CONNECTION, STEEL WAFFLE FRAMEWALL WALLCONNECTION, CONNECTION, Low Load Bearing Support High Load Bearing Support NON-LOAD BEARING NON-LOAD BEARING LOAD BEARING

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WAFFLE WALL CONNECTION, NON-LOAD BEARING

curate reading of the situation. So welding the jig first is important to allow the next step to be easier.

WAFFLE WALL CONNECTION, LOAD BEARING

WAFFLE WALL CONNECTION, Bolts Steel Structure LOAD BEARING

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Constructing Steps Construction Method 02

Sense it is very difficult to bend steel into more than on direction, we have come up with a solution to digitally segment the steel rods into a one direction bend and then laser cut the templates to allow us to reference the angle when bending the steel. Then using the pervious

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ARC20001-Architectural Design Studio 2 Semester 1

Semester Journal: Final Sem Journal

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

jig, we weld the curves into it to model the steel rail as shown in the images. Once welding is completed we grind down the any weld imperfection for a smoother surface.

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

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Front View

Back View 0166

ARC20001-Architectural Design Studio 2 Semester 1

Semester Journal: Final Sem Journal

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

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ARC20001-Architectural Design Studio 2 Semester 1

Semester Journal: Final Sem Journal

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

0169

Final Design Evaluation/ Construction Methods

Evaluation

Over all we believe that the site has enhanced the quality of the space by minimizing any heavy renovations on the exterior of both the train arches and the existing security building. We managed to use the ribbons to create a more active site that reflects Swinburne university as a fun and inviting place. This site is a very essential hub that connects Glenferrie

station, Gelnferrie Rd and Swinburne university to a new social incubator space. If this ribbons system was constructed on the site, the waffle System would be much cheaper to construct than the steel system as it requires less jigs and wastage overall. Also it would be much easier for builders to install together due to how the waffle ribs work. However the steel system

can be more suitable of outdoor scenarios due to the material choices of stainless steel. Overall we have all contributed as a group to make this project possible by creating prototypes, diagrams, drawings ect.

Waffle System

Exiting site

Proposed Design

Steel Rail System

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ARC20001-Architectural Design Studio 2 Semester 1

Semester Journal: Final Sem Journal

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

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UiTTA

THE NEW SWINBURNE GATEWAY

From Lines To Ribbons Concept Ideation

Exciting Site and Developed Site Analysis Security Building Site to be Changed Surrounding Buildings 0

Poster

40m

St Alfre d St

Glenf errie

Final A0 Poster

Wake field

Glenfe rre Rd Swinbu rne Univer

Lines

For the final poster, I have used the main images and diagrams that define our projects and added them into a A0 Poster that is put together using adobe Indesign. Diagrams such

as Axonometrics to demonstrate the overall site in a 3D perspectives Site plan, renders and diagrams explaining the main concept.

sity

The Ribbon

Finding a form that reflected the space, that of transition was vital to ed to flow through these spaces. Hence the ribbon concept, a free the project. The site is a connecting space between Swinburne Univer- form language that draws members of the public through the space. sity Glenferrie train station and Glenferrie Road so the addition need-

Activities and Purposes

Axonometrics Of Building and Site Diagrams

Concept Ideation

Roof

01. Leaning

09. Sitting

08. Resting

The playful nature of the ribbons allows for a wide variety of use. The tec tonic language is consistent, allowing the different shaped ribbons

05. Canopy

to have no set use or purpose. The idea is for the user to of the space to decide its function.

First Floor

Developing Concept Concept Ideation 0

20m

Waffle System Method 01

Ground Floor Bamboo Veneer

Timber Slats (Horizontal

Timber Slats (Vertical) 01. Existing Site

02. Ground Transformation

Site Axo Bamboo Veneer

A fast and light-weight method to construct these free form structures was to use a cladded waffle structure. The idea is to first to

Steel Frame System Method 02

04. Ribbon Structure

the ribbons to curve and encourage the general public to move through the space.

Cutting holes through the security building allows more natural light to flow into the building. The added internal

windows allows for interactivity between the floors and a connectedness through the building.

01. Timber Cladding Steel Rail

We propose a uniform paving that extends from don arcade right through to the other end of the site. This paving is curved to reflect the nature of the ribbons while adding more garden beds for native grasses and bushes for

Support Steel tube

03. Vegetation & Windows

construct waffle CLT ribbon and then cover it with a marine grade flexible ply.

Steel Flat Rail

02. Steel Flat rail

Steel Clips

Timber Cladding

03. Steel Clips

04. Steel Sub Structure

Ground Floor of Security Building

ARC20001-Architectural Design Studio 2 Semester 1

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ARC20001-Architectural Design Studio 2 Semester 1

Semester Journal: Final Sem Journal

Student name: Nader Burjawi 102716134

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

First Floor of Security Building

Final Presentation: Week 12 Presentation

Student Names: Nader Burjawi, Harry Tweedale, Max Poletti, Nicholas Budimir

Perspective View

A sturdy and durable construction method would be to have two steel tubes that follow the curves of the

structure with a timber cladding ontop that is connected with steel clips.

Tutor name: Canhui Chen

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Nader Burjawi 102716134