STUDIO 5.2 intimate cities Saidatul S. Shazri 13146646
5.1 REFLECTION
work
work
Regulated and un-regulated movement - Promptu and impromptu pleasure
rest
diminishing the distance between break out area to workspace by embedding em[bed]2
unplanned 'nap'
RSA Competition : Embedding Break in daily activities
5.1 site location Wood Street - Bridge Street
5.1 site conclusion From the site conclusion in 5.1, I’ve looked back at the site to identify who are involve in doing impromptu pleasures and use unregulated path. From the human archiving that I did in 5.1, it’s showed that working people was seen in every pocket spaces and back alleys. Thus it leads to my proposition regarding the city life and stress focusing on working type of people.
site proposition city life & STRESS A survey of 500 employees showed that two out of five believed their career would suffer if they admitted to having stress.
urban living & mental health pollution
noise urban stressors
Half of those polled by community health charity Together said stress in the workplace was a serious problem and most believed that support should be offered by outside organisations. “Far too many workers are suffering in silence and feel they have nowhere to go for support.� (Chief Executive Gil Hitchon) One in four of those questioned said they knew a colleague whose mental wellbeing and career had suffered as a result of stress in the workplace.
are boozing to relieve work stress
depression mood disorder
54% social stress crowd
MORE than half of Manchester workers
finance insurance real estate workers
consumption per week
29 units
media publishing entertainment workers
IT workers 44 units
34 units
proposition de-stressing
The diagram showing research on how people de-stress themselves or taking break from what they are doing. Some of it is reading books, watching clouds or stargazing, meditate, deep breathing, and interact with nature. A research done by NHS shows that people are mostly watch Tv or take a bath when they are stress. To know the regulated ways of de-stressing in the city, I’ve mapped out the urban retreat spaces which includes spa, massage parlour, meditation and yoga space, library, and spiritual or religious places.
mapping of urban retreat Siam Spa Centre
The One Thai Massage
John Ryland Library
Bella Spa
Nail and beauty: Pedicure & Manicure
Manchester Law Library
The Portico Library & Gallery
Bali Health Lounge Body massage & Herbal Tea
Cosmopolitan Sauna Club
Tropical Palm Massage Inner Space Meditation & Personal Development Centre Freemasons Hall
Estelle Kensdale
Nails Icon
Holistic Massage Therapy
Salon & Spa
AcuSpa
St. Mary’s The Hidden Gem Acupuncture & Well-being Alleviate Therapy
Manchester Central Library Soothe Osteopathic Clinic Sahaja Yoga Meditation
social disengagement
social INTERACTION
SOCIAL
dis.en.gage
in.ter.act
VISUAL
personal solitude quiet closed blocked hideout retreat
connect public communicate open transparent exchange
retreat VISUAL
DISENGAGE FROM SOCIETY IN A THERAPEUTIC MEANS OF REJUVENATION “the urban dweller also needs distance from society in order to properly rejuvenate, introspect, and critique the world around them.” - turcza
VISUAL
interaction SOCIAL
create spaces for social interaction by providing complementary mixed use program. “existing spatial components CAN encourage a range of human groupings, behaviors, and emotions.” - turcza
NOISE
viva vancouver street festival
brader klaus chapel RELAXATION / REJUVENATION
INTROSPECTION
Potential PROGRAMMES
Potential PROGRAMMES
CRITICAL ANALYSIS
reading EXPERIENCE ENHANCEMENT
watching / stargazing
sound
relax
chatting
eating
retail therapy
water spa
proposal sanctuary in the city
Conservation and privacy both are necessary for sociological and psychological well-being. The project aims to incorporate existing programmes of rejuvenation spaces into a transitional adventure of social interaction and social disengagement with intention of creating a low-stress society while strengthening the locale and rejuvenate it. The project intents to mediate between hectic daily activities and social spectrum. It also intends to mediate between the Spinningfield area and other areas to restore back social connectivity.
precedent space
happy sauna wellness aquaspa balneotherapie
LINEAR spatial organization. The front lead straight to the back of the space. The facade relates to the ‘backalley’ closely with attachment of other spaces along the way enriching the journey through the space.
ANCHORED to a main space. Having many significant spaces anchored to a main major spaces creating an inward relationship between the spaces. Transitional activities and spaces create sense of privacy from the entrance.
DIVERGING spatial orgnization. The entrance lead to various main spaces creating opportunities to users to choose and decide which way to go. Giving an experience in the exploring the spaces.
space programme
section
From the precedent of space, I’m looking into how the spaces were being arranged and what is their relationship with the complementary programmes. public
private
circulation & services
site strategy pre-crit
1
detaching from the earth
2
breaking the regularity
3
offering spaces back to community
4
path within the block
precedent
site strategy 1
PLACE DE L'HOMME DE FER, GUY CLAPOT
detaching from earth disengage
open pedestrian level uninterrupted activities
interact gap in the city
clear centre point of activity & represent continuity
Raising up all of the retreat spaces from the ground floor to avoid interaction from the social whereas the ground floor will allow interaction to occur freely. Retreat, refuge and shutting out from the city. That is the concept for the spa spaces at the upper floor.
contiguous zone for interaction
precedent
site strategy 2
HIGH LINE NYC, DILLER SCOFIDIO + RENFRO
breaking the regularity
Athough the ground floor is the place for interaction, some level of privacy and refuge should be implied. Instead of having the same level of ground floor, the ground floor of this scheme is raised by 1.5m and can be accessed by ramp. The designated ground floor only have a few programmes to avoid having to many enclosure on the ground floor hence contradicting with the concept of continuous movement at the ground floor.
reciprocal activities can be injected
overlooking to above - avoiding visual distraction towards city life
sloping ground - create ground hierarchy
precedent
site strategy 3
pulitzer art foundation
offering spaces back to community nature as the courtyard watercourt
Creating sense of gap and curiosity when entering the site also one of the strategy. Setback into the site, creating a hidden threshold to give the sense of getting back what we have left in urban city. A quiet space, urban footprint gap. direct view to the nature, buffer the city view
deep terrace - place of concealment & refuge
site strategy 4
A ‘bridge’ linking the bridge street and wood street was inserted into the site to activate the back lane by encouraging people to use the path or ramp. The planning started with a linear organization along an axis. Types of enclosure or retreat were applied to create different kind of environment.
along axis
path within the block conceal
twisted
expose
alternate
A
threshold at both edge of site to create double frontage
retail
reception linking he threshold by inserting the main circulation area
cafe re-arrange spaces within the threshold to create an overlapping activities
A
ground floor plan
spa treatment area
outdoor terrace
After getting feedbacks and tutorials after the supercrit, I’ve investigated the plan to give more definition on what the spaces I’m going to put into the scheme. Re-scaling all of the space programmes and re-thinking back what I need to change from these plan to the current plan that I’ve detailed out in the next set of drawing.
changing room
toilet
library
cafe terrace
first floor plan
third floor plan
second floor plan
alternate
twisted
conceal
plan Development
ground floor 1:200
basement 1:200
first floor 1:200
2nd floor
1:200
LOOKING FROM TERRACE
POOL ACTIVITIES
site strategy post-crit
5
opening up to the nature; sky
threshold [view]
continuing the path
cavity within the block
I’m currently studying and developing my plan by implying on this strategies. Opening up to the sky; re-define the location of fenestration and what view can be seen. Threshold; Based on maximum human horizontal view, I’m re-locating and re-arrange the ground floor space so that in can attract people visually from far Continuing the path; re-defining the ramp position and circulation core Cavity within the block; injecting the sense of retreat and solid at the upper floors of the scheme
precedent val thermal bath
precedent louvre abu dhabi
sanctuary environmental strategy
summer hot air will be pushed up by human movement walking into the lower part of the building, hence circulating the hot and cool air movement and create a thermal comfort to the lower part and the interior.
winter hot air will be move upward due to the pressure hence heating the interior spaces which is situated at the upper part of the scheme.
EMBRACING THE NATURE Due to the nature of the project as a retreat and rejuvenation space, lots of interaction towards nature is required. Two of the nature that I'm trying to utilize within the system is rain and sun. As one of the programme involve a pool, the instrument of water will helps to cleanse the space and also giving the meditational quality to the space - through sound and reflection. Sun and light also is needed to enhance the experience with the hydrotherapy. Light is needed in meditational space. Opening up to the sky is one of the way to de-stress and retreat from city life.
sanctuary structural strategy
AIR GAP Creating a gap between upper floor and lower floor by inserting an open ground floor plan. Minimizing permanent thick wall at the ground floor to allow continuous environmental and social flow hence activating the space. The best way to describe the ground floor is an URBAN PARK.
solid and void The upper part where all of the de-stressing activities will occur is classified under the solid activities whereas the open ground floor is the void. The upper spaces will be supported by series of columns extending from the basement till the top The upper floor will be made of concrete and cladded with stone.
david adjaye wakefield market hall
wakefield 1.0 introduction
Location: Wakefield, West Yorkshire Building type: Commercial Dating back to 1204, Wakefield has been an important market town. Compared to nowadays common shopping malls, markets were planned as the focal point of everyday urban life. Wakefield's new market hall, on the site of the old bus station is the key component of the Trinity Walk redevelopment. The architect aimed to create a new civic architecture which owes little to Victorian and Edwardian buildings and design. The new market hall will replace a rather rundown Victorian structure. Adjaye’s design is inspired by buildings in the developing world, using light and the texture of materials to enhance people’s experience. The market comprises of three buildings which are market hall, food hall and storage building. The design arrangement creates two external spaces of service yard and external market.
wakefield 2.0 accessibility urt
ate
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ga
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rt No
h ort
ard
o eC
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alc
F t&
o
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main & major street Yard e g lpa
mal
to S
to bus station
pedestrian walkway
lk Wa t e
rk
a oM
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minor & back street
Situated besides the bus station and located near to the Trinity Walk make the site activated from different directions. Broadening the footpath to Union Street also helps in increasing the permeability and accessibility to the market. Public could access to the market through the outdoor market square or the entrance and the edge of the indoor market.
views
wakefield 2.1 CIRCULATION
The segregation of public and private spaces was implied through the hierarchy of building enclosure. Moving between a number of fully and partially enclosed hall spaces provide continuous change and constrast experience. Food hall - outdoor market - indoor market. Food Hall - direct spatial experience. When entering the space, all of the edge could be seen and the next exit also can be access with ease. This helps in aiding public or customers to decide or choose what they are going to get which is the food.
Private
Indoor Market - open planning concept. The exposed steel structures bears no obvious relation to the layout of the stalls that shaped the circulation inside the hall. The circulation space among the stalls remains not less than 2.2m wide, which allows considerably comfortable usage.
Public
Entrance
Admin
Storage Services
Public Food court
Indoor market Retail unit
Physical Connection Visual Connection
Outdoor market
wakefield 2.2 spatial organization
Admin
Storage Services
Public Food court
External market Square
market hall
food hall
Indoor market Retail unit
Outdoor market
- opened - transluscent canopy
Storage Hall
- partially enclosed - high ceiling - glazing and skylight
d
Food Hall
Market Hall
The external market square becomes the threshold to the site, inviting people to move into and through the site before going into the market hall or just passing by the site. It also acts as a public reallm where it functions as a common ground for interaction and communication and as a movement corridors - to hold users and allow more interaction. Outdoor spaces minimize the footprint of a building, hence reduce the area required for heating.
- fully enclosed
wakefield 3.0 orientation
wind wind
WAKEFIELD MARKET mostly encountered prevailing winds from west with 30 - 60 degrees latitude. The market was designed to ensure the outdoor market is protected from strong and cold wind especially during winter. Hence, creating a warm ‘alcove’ at the oudoor market area to ensure bearable air temperature and uniterrupted daily market activities. South-west facing facades were designed with total enclosure, minimizing number of openings and fenestration to ensure cool air and humidity from entering into the building. Therefore, thermal comfort can be achieved.
WINTER
SUMMER
During winter, the back part of the building is heavily shaded. The low angle sun minimize the possibiity to utilize natural lighting system in the market. Therefore, helps of mechanical lighting is needed during the season.
During summer, the shadow casted by other buildings does not affected the market. Therefore , direct natural lighting for the outdoor market area can be utilized since the site get maximum sunlight exposure during the season. Exposure to the sun during summer also can help to heat the internal spaces of the market, thus minimizing on the usage of AC system.
wakefield 3.1 thermal mass
Admin
Storage Public Food court
Services
Storage Services
Indoor market Retail unit
Admin
thermal mass
Outdoor market
Public Food court
Indoor market
heated
Retail unit un-heated
heat level
Outdoor market
high medium low
Eventhough being equipped with heating unit and fans, the market hall didn’t reached thermal comfort due to its triple volume high. Warm air moves toward the upper part of the building creating a cool environment below.
hot air flow into the building during summer, causing cold air to flow upwards hence making the space hot and vice versa in winter
De-stratification fans installed to provide sufficient air movement in winter to maintain a good heat distribution
The market halls and stores are heated via high level gas fired unit heaters
wakefield 3.2 heating & cooling
[A] Ducting system that runs around the entire market to regulate the heating and cooling in the building. Includes wiring and gas fired unit heater. A
A B
Vent Unit [B]
[B] Mechanical extract was provided for each retail/tractor unit to ensure good air and thermal circulation.
[C]
Horizontal Ducting System [A]
Variable volume extract system Electric low surface temperature vandal resistant radiators.
Automatic openable louvres controlled in zones via temperature sensors
Fans
wakefield 3.3 natural lighting The cafe at the northern-end of the indoor market hall is lacked of natural lighting, thus they prefer to use artificial light to lit their spaces. This is because the designated rooflight was gradually increased in size toward the southerrn-end, hence minimizing light penetration at the northern part.
rooflight: allow natural lighting to light the market
At the southeast corner, a big window was designed to maximize the sun exposure and interact with the town center visually.
high window: Windows covered around perimeter of the hall allowing natural light to come from all angle.
Translucent roof panels
Glass frontage Skylight
Translucent roof panels High window
Glass frontage Glass frontage: Visual connectivity and creates fenestration to allow light to penetrate into the floor plane.
wakefield 3.4 mechanical lighting
Day:
Translucent Polycarbonate Panels are used as the roof finishes - allow good amount of natural light to pass through and lit the outdoor stalls
Night: External flood lights were installed to
provide light to the outdoor market and also provide a sense of security
wakefield 4.0 water strategy 6
5
1 D 4 2
concealed gutter
The rainwater downpipe was concealed within the main structures which is the columns for aesthetic purpose. This show the integration of services and structures in a design where it can improve the safety and future maintenance of the system. 3 3
1 2 3 4 5 6
1.2mm Membrane-coated steel 50 x 75 x 150mm Galvanized steel support 350 x 350 x 8mm SHS steel rafter 115 x 295mm Glue laminated purlin 35mm Corrugated metal 100mm insulated roof panel
walkable gutter on roof
Gutter Details [D] 1:5
wakefield 5.0 other services Loading room
Plant room
Plant room
FIRE ESCAPE
Service yard
Category: Commercial / Retail Maximum allowable travel distance: One direction - 18m More than 1 direction - 45m
Public washroom
Min. no of escape route - 2
Plant room
As the Wakefield Market is a single storey structure, there’s no fire lobby or fire staircase is required since all of the doors are accessible to the outdoor flat open area. In an emergency, all doors can act as escape doors.
Fire doors
Mechanical and electrical services are distributed horizontally from plant room. Hot and cold water services are provided to market stalls where required with hot water generated by an electric water storage heater, cold water was mains fed.
6m
17m 18m
15m
The building cleanliness was managed by the tenants and the building’s users. The owner of the stall will clean and throw their rubbish in designated area, whereas the building owner will hire cleaners to clean the circulation are of the internal area of the building weekly.
26m 10m 9m 16m
17m
17m 25m
34m 18m
Furthest travel point Travel distance
25m
17m
wakefield 6.0 PRIMARY STRUCTURE Wakefield Market used prefabrication method of construction as it involves SHS which is flexibe and can be erected on the site as soon as it arrives.
1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4
1
1 2
1. 350mm x 350mm hollow steel 2. 350mm x 350mm hollow steel columns at 8 degrees 3. concrete pad foundation 4. load dissipates into the ground square steel columns built at a 8 degree angle to a height of 9.5m isometric diagram showing steel columns and foundations
wakefield 6.1 construction sequence 1. foundations
1150mm2 by 1500mm deep concrete pad foundations supporting the steel columns 600mm concrete strip foundations supporting the 3 buildings
4. steel roof beams
350mm x 350mm hollow steel beams 8mm thick beams are welded together to form the primary roof structure
2. steel columns
350mmx350mm hollow steel columns 8mm thick and 9.5 meters high cranked at 8 degrees the steel columns vary in height and alternative in direction
5. timber roof batterns
115mm x 495mm glulam beams are cut then fastened to the steel beams
3. walls
market hall clad in grey stained horizontal cedar timbers the storage building is cladded in 3 different coloured stone bands the food hall is cladded in rough rubber formed concrete ridged panels
6. roof finishings
100mm translucent corrugated polycarbonate cladding
wakefield 6.1 detail study
35mm Corrugated metal 100mm insulated roof panel 350 x 350 x 8mm SHS steel rafter 115 x 495mm Glue laminated purlin
Single-ply membrane mineral wall insulation 50 - 200mm Vapour control layer 15mm Marine plywood 60mm Profiled metal deck 190 x 260mm Steel purlin 210mm Cavity 12.5mm Plasterboard
Insect mesh 44mm Timber rainscreen 18mm Timber panel 50mm Vertical battens 70 x 70mm Aluminium L-Profil waterproof membrane 100mm Rigid phenolic thermal insulation vapour control layer 19mm Cement-bonded particle board 280 x 230mm Steel I-column 12.5mm Plasterboard (2 units)
150mm Concrete slab 165 x 305mm Steel I-beam
Facade Details 1 : 20
CINEROLEUM: Flexibility in spaces and usage give a temporal dynamics in cineroleum activities. Being able to accommodate various kind of activities could emit different kind of pleasure due to excitement and act of surprise of the unpredictable and unusual environmental experience. WAKEFIELD MARKET: Being design using permanent structures yet to implement flexibility in the design was quite hard to be achieved. Although the market seems to be flexible in its design - through its open planning, however social experience still can’t be shaped. Only the outdoor market square was considered as the most ‘flexible’ space of the building.
spatial comparison cineroleum
spatial comparison wakefield market
CINEROLEUM: Being a temporary and light construction structure, Cineroleum don’t have proper heating technology to warm the space. It use the most traditional method of getting heat - human body. Social heating system requires each of the users to heat themselves using their own means, by putting on jackets and etc. This can lead to social and environmental sustainability due to minimizing the usage o energy to heat the space. WAKEFIELD MARKET HALL: Compared to Wakefield Market, although the building was fitted with all the heating technology, it still didn’t get satisfactory comments from the stall owners. The heat required was wasted due to the triple volume height design. Warm air accumulate and circulate at the upper part of the building section, where there’s no habitable space exists.
Admin
Storage Services
Public Food court
Indoor market Retail unit
thermal mass
Outdoor market
heated un-heated
heating technology cineroleum
heating technology wakefield market
Cineroleum: Design by the commmunity for the community. Instead being design by a huge arcitectural firm, it was designed by small architectural studio who involved mostly in social architectural project. From designing stage until the construction stage, the designer involved actively to ensure the project being delivered without expecting any return back. Even in procuring the material also, the economical factors were hugely considered. Making the chairs by utilizing reclaim and recycled material giving the spaces more spirit of community, since the community also contribute in making the place. Wakefield Market Hall: Widely advertised in media and involved specified materials which was procured and constructed by a groupof consultant. This building is said to be a civic building but it fails to fit to the purpose as it deteriorate the surrounding economy due to its not functioning really well.
procurement cineroleum
procurement wakefield market
REFERENCE Origins of Architectural Pleasures by Grant Hildebrand Salons & Spas: The Architecture of Beauty by Julie Sinclair Eakin Spirit & Place: Healing Our Environment, Healing Environment by Christopher Day The Urban Catalyst Concept, paper by Cermetrius Lynell Bohannon Architecture and The Motion of Life, paper by Katherine Elizabeth Carey Creative Interventions and Urban Revitalization, paper by Nicole C. Borland Evolution...A Rejuvenation and Wellness Centre, by Rameshwari Takle Reinforcing the Social Spectrum through Architecture, paper by Brian J. Turcza http://www.archivenue.com/urban-airgap-by-suppose-design-office/ http://www.archdaily.com/482573/graft-penda-to-break-ground-on-myrtlegarden-hotel/ http://www.glasgowarchitecture.co.uk/bbc http://designboom.com/weblog/section.php?SECTION_PK=&start=4400&num_ record_tot=50000 http://www.archdaily.com/13358/the-therme-vals/ http://www.archdaily.com/298058/the-louvre-abu-dhabi-museum-ateliers-jeannouvel/
http://www.planningportal.gov.uk/uploads/br/BR_PDF_AD_B2_2013.pdf http://www.airedale.uk.com/project-new-market-hall.php Detail 03/2009 Volume 2 pp 128-131 Architects Journal 08/2008 Volume 228, Issue 7 pp 30-35 Blueprint 12/2008 Issue 273 pp 52-56