Portfolio- Design for Sustainability

CHIH CHI E Portfolio

Design & Sustainability Engineer 2013-2017 industrial design 2018-2020 sustainable technology and development

design for people and planet

" Building People-friendly, Environmentally-sustainable, Technically-advanced Products and World. " Designers have done great jobs in creating user-centric and economically-feasible products for years. Now it's time to take a further step. By looking into the planet and social-technical interactions and designing for the entire product lifecycles, we can develop a more lively and resilient world with innovation.

environment

people

economic & technology

design and sustainability research

Content About

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Sustainability Projects Scania sustainable vehicle design

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Organic waste management in a developing country

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Industrial Design riO Design for sustainable food consumption

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ea oungBio Design for organic food consumption

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media lab future city workshop Design for love, health community

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about

Chih-Chin Teng esi n nd ust in bilit

n inee

With the combined skills of indust i l desi n business n l sis nd sust in bilit st te nt to build sust in ble societ ith inno tion nd esilience

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Email : chihchin.teng@gmail.com Phone: +46 70 221 62 10

Awards

2019-2020 Scania Group Sustainability Research (Master Thesis _ Sustainable ehicle Design,

2016 Second Prize, “AiX_ transportation system design” 2016 International Design Forum & Joint Workshop @TJU

2017-2018 Market Intelligence & Consulting Institute (MIC Industry Analyst Assistant_ Sustainable Energy Economy 2016-2017 Taiwan Lea oungBio Corp Industrial Design Lead, 2016 Studio 88 Design Corp Industrial Design Intern, 2015 Foresight ptical Ltd Industrial Designer,

Best Design Award, “Birdy_ sauce bottle design” Final Exhibition of the 104 Semester, NCKU 2015 Distinction, “FreshWrap”, Taipei International Design Award Innovative Entry Awards, “imMEDiate_ emergency and health detection system design”, MIT Media Lab Future City Workshop 2014 Best Design Award & Most Popular Design Award, Final Exhibition of the 102 Semester, NCKU

Education

Software

2018-2020 MS in Sustainable Technology,

Adobe Ps, Ai, Id Adobe Pr, Ae SolidWorks Keyshot GaBi, SimaPro Teamcenter, Aras SQL Python

KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden 2013-2017 BSc in Industrial Design,

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National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan

design and sustainability research

Work Experiences

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Starting from sustainable economy analysis, production strategy to LCA and design for sustainability, I'm looking forward to my future path of sustainability to be developed --

With a desire to create a healthy and joyful future, I have been fully involving in sustainability since 2017.

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Sustainability Projects Scania Sustainable Vehicle Design Organic waste management in a developing country

Sustainability Projects

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Sustainability Projects

Scania Sustainable Vehicle Design:

Implementing LCA Software into Heavy-duty Vehicle Design

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Scania sustainable vehicle design

Chih-Chin Teng, Dora Burul (Supervision) Anna Bjรถrklund (Supervision)

Aiming to drive the shift to sustainable transportation, a group of Scania research and development engineers recognized the need of integrating sustainability into their product development processes. Question is how do we ensure effective and efficient deployment of sustainable product development?

LCA, a method delivering estimations of product life- cycle impacts, is taken as a practical tool to support sustainable decisions in the early stage of product design. et, challenges are to integrate LCA tools into design processes considering

designers' work environments. Working closely with cross-functional teams in Scania, this pro ect aims to systematically analy e opportunities for integrating so ware into product design and develop implementation strategies. he results are design strategies of simpli ed tools not included in this report and a long-term transition strategy to sustainable vehicle development. he outcome highlights the great opportunities of -driven innovative design.

Sustainability Projects

Challenges from the modular system Scania modular system increases the difficulty to manage the vehicle's sustainability performance due to the large product variance and distributed design teams.

As the company recognized the chance to avoid impacts and optimize product sustainability performance from the beginning of product development, a master project was launched to identify opportunities to integrate sustainability into the product development processes.

frames

truck phone from https://media.scania.com/fotoweb/

cabs

engines

axels

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Overcoming the "Knowledge-lacking" Problems

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Scania sustainable vehicle design

Some of the challenges of integrating sustainability are that Scania lacks the intelligence of their product portfolios and sustainability performances, and the engineers have limited knowledge to improve product sustainability quality. Therefore, my work is first to understand their products, vehicles' sustainability performance, and engineers' work environment.

To study Scania vehicles' performance, the data of more than 30,000 components were collected to build the first vehicle BOM. And a -year vehicle were analyzed (below). Details of the model are on the right page. These data are later used to support designers' understanding of the LCA results and develop strategies.

Scania Truck's LCA Results (The unit of percentage contribution is used to avoid confidential problems. ) Primary Energy Demand lifecycle demand 100%

Climate Change Potential lifecycle risk 100%

anufacturing demand 100%

0%

anufacturing risks

0%

100%

Sustainability Projects

Scania Truck's LCA Model Due to data limitation, some processes are excluded which may affect the accuracy and decision making (See the system boundary below). unctional nit A typical 2-axle long haulage with diesel Euro 6 450hp engine through its 12-year lifespan driving mileage of 1,500,000 km.

Scope ut-offs Life-cycle inventory includes cradle-to-grave processes from production to use phase (WTW). Production, maintenance, EoL processes are excluded due to limited data availability. Assembling processes and transport are cut off as their impacts are relevantly small.

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LCA-Software Workshops & Testing for Sustainable Design To learn and fill in the knowledge gap of Scania design teams, simplified LCA software is considered as a good supportive tool for the designers. To answer questions of: - Could LCA be a helpful tool for sustainable design for the designers?

- How could LCA fit into designers' workflows?

- How should this LCA software look like?

Scania sustainable vehicle design

sability testings in the workshop form are conducted. his is three design teams are trying two so ware prototypes Granta it on their real-world design cases.

The testings combined with questionnaires thinkaloud protocol, and coding analysis identifies the potential obstacles of LCA software implementation along with the great opportunity for the tool-driven innovative design.

e

……

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…

articipated esigners

Sustainability Projects

Usability Testing Conclusions Main feedbacks from the workshops.

We want a simple interface with delicate analysis.

While the simplified software provides an easy way to define life-cycle processes, designers are looking into a more detailed and systematic analysis. Such analysis may include (1) evaluation of climate change, toxicity and costs, and (2) impact assessment between production techniques (as die-casting v.s. sand-casting). The more details the LCA provides, the more chance to improve the product.

Guidelines are required to support decision making and trade-off evaluation.

LCA results are sometimes merely a number.

Without guidelines, questions such as "What does it mean with 85 kg CO2 emissions? Is this good enough?", "Does it deserve additional investment to reduce 30 kg CO2 reduction?" pop up. Scania needs to clarify its ambitions in sustainability and define evaluation guidelines for the designers.

Now we think sustainably!

Simplified LCA provides joyful experiences to the designers and encourages them to practice lifecycle thinking. Simply by playing with the software, the design teams came out with various new ideas to improve their design.

Designer's Concerns about Design for Sustainability

53% knowledge limitation

60% time constraints

72% concerns of trade-offs

38% limited motivation 13

Strategies & Conclusion Transition to Sustainable Transport Design Based on the product performance analysis and usability testings, this three-pillar strategy is developed to tackle the main obstacles of Scania transitioning to sustainable transport design in the long-term:

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Scania sustainable vehicle design

- Incomplete product data for analyzing lifecycle impacts (see vehicle model on page 9).

- Simplified LCA doesn't fully fulfill designers' needs in real cases (p.11).

- Lack of guidelines for the designers to make decisions with the sustainability performance analysis (p.11).

This strategy highlights top-down to bottom-up sustainability management and is highly embraced by Scania leaders, design teams, and engineers in the end. Based on the strategy and Scania's condition, a transition roadmap is proposed.

(1) Set up LCA data uality verification guidelines (2) Launch research pro ects to improve vehicle data and LCA inventory data

Transition Roadmap

ida

tra ck pro gre ss

update

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feedback

nc

Data Life-cycle Management

ida

nc

e

gu

ss gre pro ck tra

gu

Sustainability Projects

(1) Set up vehicle LCA baselines (2) Clarify sustainable product performance targets and guidelines

Sustainable Product Performance Leadership

Software Deployment & Management

(1) LCA software promotion and education (2) Closed-loop software feedback management

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Sustainability Projects

Organic Waste Management in a Developing Country:

The Applicability of Different Food Waste Treatment Strategies in Cambodia

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Organic waste management in a developing country

Chih-Chin Teng, Yat Yin Lai, Aleyda Rocha Sepulveda

Food waste (FW) constitutes the largest composition of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Cambodia (Sang-Arun et al., 2011). Without source separation, most FW is disposed at landfills and open dumps (IGES 2018), which poses numerous environmental and social problems (Sang-Arun et al., 2011). Consequently, it is of utmost importance that Cambodia considers managing FW with alternatives.

Taking the social and economic barriers into account, the aim of the project is to propose and motivate proper FW treatment strategies for Cambodia.

Sustainability Projects

Food Waste Treatment Methods Animal Feed The balanced nutrients found in household and restaurant FW makes it a good fit for animal feed. Feeding FW to livestock minimises conventional feed purchase (Sang-Arun et al., 2011). As feeding FW to animal is a traditional practice, government financial support is not expected where local budget can be assigned for other waste treatments instead (Sang-Arun et al., 2011). Nevertheless, health concern limits the expansion of animal feed usage (Dou et al., 2018).

To ensure the quality and safety of the feedstuff, strategies such as education, legislation, proper treatment technology, certification and feed standards should be applied. The humid tropical climate of Cambodia leads to the FW materials apt to spoilage. As such, the feedstuffs receiving facility should ensure that the waste is timely collected and handled (Dou et al., 2018).

Composting The relatively simple treatment process makes centralised composting deployable in most developing countries. However, limited control in compost quality and lack of integration with agriculture hinder composting from reaching its full potential (Hoornweg et al., 1999). The low tipping costs, which may constrain the efforts leading to compost production, together with the poor waste segregation, could result in compost with inferior quality (Van Fan et al., 2016). To improve compost production, authorities need to develop guidelines and regulation for quality control and performance monitoring, and provide financial supports (Hoornweg et al., 1999). Although compost could replace chemical fertilizer and create financial benefits, the return on investment (ROI) of the composting business may not be positive (Hoornweg et al., 1999). Insufficient knowledge on the benefits of compost on soils makes the compost market unstable and hard to promote (JICA., 2005).

High quality compost is of great interest but willingness to invest financially is low (Van Fan et al., 2016).

Nutrients FOOD WASTE Energy

Methane

Food waste consists of nutrients and energy, which are vital factors for human livelihoods. Different waste treatments, except for landfilling, extract the valuable matters from food waste, which make it no longer a "waste" but a "raw material" for the society.

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Organic waste management in a developing country

Anaerobic Digestion AD technology can minimize GHG emission through reducing deforestation (Buysman and Mol, 2013), fossil fuel usage (Sarraf et al., 2013), and FW diversion from landfill (Sang-Arun et al., 2011). The use of bio-fertilizer improves soil quality (Buysman and Mol, 2013) and lessens water pollution caused by chemical fertilizers.

Biogas and bio-fertilizers contribute to household saving (Buysman and Mol, 2013), national income generation (Sang-Arun et al., 2011), and energy security (Sarraf et al., 2013). Despite the potential savings, the cost of household AD installation is still beyond affordable (Buysman and Mol, 2013). The tight municipal waste management budget (SangArun et al., 2011) is not in favor of AD and the associated infrastructures (Hengeveld et al., 2016), or allows funding to raise public awareness on the benefits from AD (Sang-Arun et al., 2011). As the current renewable energy policies in Cambodia (Sarraf et al., 2013) do not account for biogas, AD could be outcompeted by lacking governmental or financial support.

The Cambodian life quality improves as the use of biogas frees up cooking time and lessens indoor air pollution (Buysman and Mol, 2013).

The prospect of AD creates job opportunities and stimulates rural development. On the contrary, the skill demanding operation may require employment of more professional staffs (SangArun et al., 2011). The necessity of non-polluted feedstock to the AD plant poses huge societal challenge as FW sorting is uncommon and the collection of waste is inconsistent and unreliable (Sang-Arun et al., 2011).

Incineration The main benefits of incineration are volume reduction and hygiene hazards removal. The energy recovery process contributes to fossil fuels replacement (Sang-Arun et al., 2011).

Nonetheless, incineration of high humidity waste might lead to serious environmental impact such as releasing dioxins, among other air pollutants (Paritosh et al., 2017). The ashes from the post combustion process require disposal in complimentary sanitary landfill (Paritosh et al., 2017). The tropical climate and Monsoon seasons in Cambodia further increase the moisture content in FW mixture. The resulting feedstock, with extremely low calorific value, warrants a negative energy ROI (Sang-Arun et al., 2011).

Sustainability Projects

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Regional Context in Cambodia

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Organic waste management in a developing country

attambang iem eap About 185 tons of FW generated per day by the two cities alone. Major economic activities in Battambang are agriculture and fisheries, whereas small-scaled crop farming and tourism predominate the income sources of Siem Reap province. Mekong hydropower is the only renewable energy plan for the region. The niversity of Angkor and Battambang niversity will create technical talents for FW management. hnom enh Takeo Phnom Penh, the capital, generates 1200 tons day of FW in 2015. The economic activities are trades and business with only few households have farms or livestocks. Takeo, the province besides the city, has the largest rice production of the country. Small-scale composting projects have been held by COMPED and CSARO. CINTRI is the private company in charge of landfill and waste management. ihanoukville The economic activities center mainly on service industries, such as tourism and trading of goods in its port. Increase in solid waste generation was registered in the past 15 years. Collection rates of waste have had a notable increased of 51.5 since 201 . The generation of educational programs that bridge work opportunities in tourism have increased literacy level to 76 .

Sustainability Projects

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Discussion hnom enh and Takeo

Organic waste management in a developing country

A stepwise approach to implement centralised composting and AD plant.

Facing the problem that the only landfill in PP is almost full due to the lack of recycling and boost in population growth. PP needs to find way to reduce waste to the landfills immediately.

Takeo, south to PP, being one of the largest rice growing provinces in Cambodia is a great potential market for compost. The technically simple centralised composting can be operated by communities in PP and Takeo, with support from local NGOs such as COMPED and CSARO. For economic viability, redirecting investment from landfill to composting by the local governments and CINTRI is necessary. To stabilise the market and improve the compost quality, incentives to farmers in Takeo for using compost and public education on FW separation should be prioritised by the municipalities.

Nature

Tech, Economy

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People

Biofertilizer used for agriculture Future biofuel for transportation

Reduce costs for landfill management ong-term steady biofuel sources

Composting plants create job opportunities for the waste pickers, which further increase their life quality.

Due to potential uncertainties in the compost markets, an AD plant deployment should be integrated into PP s long-term urban development plan. The rising demands of transportation and electricity provide market opportunities for biogas Comparatively, AD is a far more complex technology than composting, which requires larger efforts, investment and awareness to construct and operate. The advantage of having AD plant in the long-term plan is the allowance of time and preparation for workforce education, technology and facility construction, regulations, biogas-driven transportation and energy systems development, market strategies for biogas and digestate.

A regional AD plant, and household animal feed and composting.

Nature

Avoid lake ecosystems deterioration from the hydropower plant

Increase tourist incomes from good Tech, management of the tourist sites Economy Co-farming reduces costs for feedstock purchasing.

People

Co-farming strengthens the communities relationship

The large fraction of FW generated by the neighboring provinces, Battambang and Siem Reap, and the agricultural and fishing residues would provide sufficient feedstock to operate a common regional AD plant. Energy generated by the plant can partially replace the planned ekong hydropower which threatens the livelihoods of local fishermen. The AD plant construction can utilise the budget allocated by the Cambodia renewable energy policies for the region. The income generated by ngkor tourism can further alleviate the constraints of the municipalities waste management budget Integrating international AD experiences and technological know-hows into local universities programs can ensure sustainable local operations of the shared AD plant, with focus on exchanging experiences between provinces.

Sustainability Projects

attambang and iem eap

Household generated FW gives rise to opportunities for circular economy. To stimulate the economies, the local governments could spend their budget for economy driven sector on sponsoring microloan programs, to support and encourage households to practise small scaled crop livestock integration and collaborative farming FW is a valuable asset in a crop-livestock integrated farm, both as animal feed and compost generated by simple home composting. The co-ownership of the farms and livestock can heighten the practice of FW separation and diligent maintenance of the home composting facilities. Excessive FW or compost can be shared or traded between farms to sustain farm activities.

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ihanoukville

Organic waste management in a developing country

Anaerobic co digestion plant coupled with wastewater treatment plant

Nature

Stabilize trade and tourism industries through Tech, Economy environmental management

People

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Avoid ocean ecosystem s devastation

Promote education and international research development in associated topics, such as the tourism industry s resource management

Concentrating heavily on service industries and trading of goods, the coastal town of Sihanoukville has been transformed into a major tourist hub and trading port. With tourists and domestic job-seekers ocking to Sihanoukville, both household FW and wastewater are expected exponential growth. The close proximity to the ocean makes it important for Sihanoukville to strengthen treatment of wastewater to avoid eutrophication and pollution. As there is no immediate demand for compost in the vicinity, an co plant coupled with wastewater treatment plant could be beneficial for Sihanoukville. The transnational partnerships within the trading belt could bring investment to the construction of co and wastewater treatment plant, and support to local governments in achieving environmental targets. Riding on the momentum of the current educational programs for local tourisms workforce, a continuity of these strategies and learnings could be e tended to waste collection and treatment planning Additionally, the energy generated from waste could power the trading industry at the port, as well as public transport and households. AcoD plant has the potential for a more inclusive waste management and treatment process that cover the whole province and beach communities that are not completely related to the main economic activities.

Sustainability Projects

Conclusion AD plants complemented by other technologies, dominate the strategies proposed in this abstract. Composting and animal feeds are recommended in small-scale for regions with agriculture activities in PP, on the other hand, composting is an opportunity to commercially connect surrounding communities and improve FW reduction. The strategies also proposed various ways of obtaining financial support and competence establishment. Nevertheless, the prospective application of AD technology in current Cambodia deserves further investigation and development.

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Reference

Organic waste management in a developing country

Biddulph, R., 2015. imits to mass tourism effects in rural peripheries. Annals of Tourism Research, 50, pp.98-112.

Buysman, E. Mol, A. P. J. 2013. Market-based biogas sector development in least developed countries The case of Cambodia. Market-based biogas sector development in least developed countries The case of Cambodia,63, -51.

Dou, ., Toth, J.D. and Westendorf, M. ., 2018. Food waste for livestock feeding Feasibility, safety, and sustainability implications. Global food security, 17, pp.15 -161.

Ghate, A.T. and Sundar, S., 201 . ife Cycle Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions of Different Transport Systems in India. THE ASIAN JO RNA , p.68.

Hengeveld, E. J., Bekkering, J., Van Gemert, W. J. T. Broekhuis, A. A., 2016. Biogas infrastructures from farm to regional scale, prospects of biogas transport grids. Biomass and Bioenergy,86, 3-52.

Hoornweg, D., Thomas, . and Otten, ., 1999.

Composting and its applicability in developing countries. World Bank working paper series, 8.

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IGES, Mnicipality of Battambang COMPED, 2017.

Final Report - Work Plan for Mitigating Shortived Climate Pollutants (S CPs) from andfills and Municipal Solid Waste Cambodia. Available http https goo.gl HWd p Accessed 05 Feb 2019 .

IGES, 2018, State of Waste Management in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, IGES Centre Collaborating with NEP on Environmental Technologies of IGES. Available at https goo.gl CW7Juf Accessed 18 January 2019 .

Sustainability Projects

JICA, 2005, The study on solid waste management in the Municipality of Phnom Penh in the ingdom of Cambodia final report databook, okusai ogoyo Co., td, Municipality of Phnom Penh. Available at https goo.gl J7t N1 Accessed 5 February 2019 Mayor of ondon, 2015, T Energy Purchasing 2020 to 2023, Transport for ondon, Available at http content.t .gov.uk fc-20171205-part-1-item08-t energy-purchasing-2020-2023.pdf Accessed 5 November 2018 NIS 2017, Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey 2017. Available at https goo.gl ubJfw Accessed 5 February 2019 NIS 2009. General Population Census of Cambodia 2008 - National Report on Final Census Results. A vailable https goo.gl 15Eec Accessed 18 Feb 2019 .

NCSC (National Coastal Steering Committee), 2005.

Environment and socio-economic report. Phnom Penh MOE. Ong, Jackie .T. and Smith, R.A., 201 . Perception and reality of managing sustainable coastal tourism in emerging destinations the case of Sihanoukville, Cambodia. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 22(2), pp.256-278.

Paritosh, ., ushwaha, S. ., adav, M., Pareek, N., Chawade, A. and Vivekanand, V., 2017. Food waste to energy an overview of sustainable approaches for food waste management and nutrient recycling.

BioMed research international, 2017.

Salmivaara, A., ummu, M., Varis, O. and eskinen, M., 2016. Socio-economic changes in Cambodia s unique Tonle Sap lake area A spatial approach.

Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy, 9(3), pp. 13- 32.

Sang-Arun, J., Heng, C. ., Rithy, . Phalla, S., 2011.

A guide for technology selection and implementation of urban organic waste utilisation projects in Cambodia. Institute for Global Environmental Strategies,83,8 .

Sarraf, M., Rismanchi, B., Saidur, R., Ping, H. W. Rahim, N. A., 2013. Renewable energy policies for sustainable development in Cambodia. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,22,223-229.

Sartori, S., 2016. Tourism and waste management the sustainability challenge. Available https goo. gl 7i1fyP Accessed 13 Feb 2019 .

NEP, 201 . Promoting ow Carbon Transport in India Case Study of Metro Rails in Indian Cities, PDF Available at http wedocs.unep.org bitstream handle 20.500.11822 16958 CaseStudy MetroRails. pd sequence 1 isAllo wed y Accessed 20 November 2018 Van Fan, ., ee, C.T., lemes, J.J., Bong, C.P.C. Ho, W.S., 2016.Economic assessment system towards sustainable composting quality in the developing countries. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 18(8), pp.2 79-2 91.

Pode, R., Diouf, B. and Pode, G., 2015. Sustainable rural electrification using rice husk biomass energy A case study of Cambodia. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, , pp.530-5 2.

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Between 2013 and 2017, I focused on behavioral design for my industrial design study. With the help of design, people could achieve healthy and joyful lifestyles as they wish.

Through design, we create lifestyles and empower humanS.

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Industrial Design

TriO: Design for Sustainable Food Consumption LeaYoungBio: Design for Organic Food Consumption MIT Media Lab Future City Workshop: Design for Love, Health & Community

Industrial Design

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Design for Sustainable Food Consumption

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TriO: Design for sustainable food consumption

product design, 2016-2017

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Background

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Research & Development

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Product Design, Sketches & Prototypes

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Final

TriO is a group of food bags that aims to bring joyful eating experiences for solitary households. Emphasizing on "sharing foods with friends", TriO could reduce household food waste, as well as increase the food choices at markets and, most importantly, bringing our friends closer to us.

Industrial Design

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Background

Social Problems

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TriO | Background

Solitary households have become the major family structure (32%) in Taiwan. Most of them are students and employees working over-time and striving for their lives far away from home. Lack of time and companion makes dining onl a o tine of ate e ep ession and loneliness a e common

Industrial Design

Encironmental Problems Ignorance of dining and lack of diet plan may indirectly lead to food waste generation. In the picture above is a typical case with the oranges left forgotten in the shelf in a bedroom. It has shown that most food is wasted during consumption in Asian developed countries. ood aste means an e t a demand fo food p od ction ic nnecessa il deplete nat al eso ces

Economic Aspects The aim of this project is to create an opportunity for the food industry to maintain its sales while also reduce food waste and loneliness of solitary households.

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Research & Development The project started with a 3-week survey to research the problems and users. Afterward, the KJ method was used to systematically discovered and defined the main problems, and then the project group brainstormed possible solutions.

Survey | qualitative data from online questionnares, and persona to understand the target users Define the Problems | KJ method for organizing the ideas and problems found from the survey Concept Development

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triO | Research & Development

Define Design

Define Problems KJ method

Industrial Design

1. Survey A survey is conducted to understand the lifestyle, consumptions, and potential triggers behind food waste behaviour. The whole survey goes through a online questionnaire, one-week diary research, and an interview with the volunteered 11 participants to dig into their motivations of the food consumption and waste generation behaviours.

One-week Diary Research Record everyday food consuming activities through digital diary writing and photo taking.

Interview Use the "5 Whys" method to understand the motivations behind the actions recorded in the diary.

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From the online surveys, we understood that the solitary households in Taiwan generally do not cook; instead, they buy cheap meals from restaurants, and snacks and fruits from markets.

As the snacks and fruits were the main food stock at home, they were also the main food waste from solitary households. There was little difference between female and male.

The personas showed how our participants thought about their lifestyles. How they actually live and consume food was observed through the diary research and interviews, which the quantitative data received were discussed later to define problems. Since the diary and interview data is relevant to personal privacy, it is not published in this portfolio.

triO | Research & Development

quantitative data from online questionnares

Where to buy food?

Purchace frequency of different types of food fruit

hypermarket market convenience store

cake

vegetable

snacks

meat

others

processed food

Average cooking skills

Frequency of eating out

Frequency of not finishing meals

32.5%

16.7%

95.8%

not nis fre

eat o t fre

How much food in the fridge?

How many times do you think your food get rotted before digested?

Reasons you think that make food rotted before digested? don't like it

fridge storage

33.3%

too m

41.7%

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rotted before eaten

storage for a long time

ot ers

no time to eat

persona

Bertha Teng (female, age 23)

You Yan (male, age 24)

"Eating is to maintain everyday mental health."

"Eating is only for survival."

An outgoing, independent master student living in a suite next to the university.

She cares about health and likes to try different restaurants and food in her pastime. Teng also enjoys sharing happiness with friends. However, she loses appetite when feeling stressed.

A talkative, responsible white-collar worker who lives in a suite 25 minutes away from the office. Yan is a typical workaholic. Other than working, he is a homebody and a little lazy. Still, he likes to keep his room simple and clean.

Plan before shopping once a week

Plan before shopping once a week

Mostly do grocery shopping at Super market

Mostly do grocery shopping at Super market, convenience store

Mostly buy fruits, vegetables, cookies, snacks

Mostly buy fruits, snacks

Go to markets by bikes or scooters

Go to markets by Scooters

Fullness of fridge 42%

Fullness of fridge 25%

Dumped food/ total food storage 32%

Dumped food/ total food storage 27.4%

Status of dumped food Food that looks okay but either is expired or stored for a long time/ roted food

Status of dumped food Food that looks okay but is expired

Reason for dumping the food No time to eat

Reason for dumping the food Forget it

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triO | Research & Development

2. Defining Problems Through KJ method, and based on the previous survey data (the personas, diaries and recording files of the interviews), the team discussed, organized and concluded the potential triggers that might lead to food waste. The results

showed that the participants' moods, storage behaviours and alone-living lifestyles had the largest possible in affecting food waste generation as they were mentioned frequently in the interviews and diaries.

Industrial Design

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triO | Research & Development

practical ideas/ imaginative ideas

Industrial Design

3. Concept Development The project team developed both practical and imaginative solutions through several rounds of brainstorming, sharing and giving feedbacks.

Based on the defined problems, the aim of most ideas was to trigger the behavioral change of food consumption to reduce food waste.

Eventually, more than 250 design ideas in total were proposed within two days, some of them were voted as preferred solutions.

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4. Define Design "What do we want to achieve?"

triO | Research & Development

After brainstorming, the ideas of what the project team wanted to achieve became clear-We wanted to create food flows of fruits and other dry food, and accumulate individuals' influences of reducing food waste by sharing food between friends.

The concept started from the ideas of " neweek food shelf for taking out" and " riend sharing " from the brainstorming. To create influences and effectively reduce food waste, we understood that it was not enough to change a behaviour and avoid one banana being dumped.

Instead, we need to build bridges between individuals, especially between solitary households and others, to accumulate everyone's small changes and exert influence. Eventually, we found that, through food sharing, we could build food flows that connect eo le and remind eo le of the food waste issue, as well as create oyfulness and e ciency during food consuming.

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Think about this: Instead of having a pretty food shelf that helps people organize their food, why don't we create a shelf that forces people to take out the food to eat and share with friends and colleagues? Or, maybe, the shelf could abandon its hard shell and become a little fairy that helps people carry out food and send it to their friends?

make tremendous impacts in reducing food waste.

Industrial Design

By accumulating, one-person households could also

we want & we do

Create Food Flows Through Sharing

we hope the users

our users want

Aware & Change

Convenience 43

Product Design, Sketches & Prototypes Several cycles of sketching, making prototypes and testing went through the whole processes of designing the product. To simplify the changes in the designs, this section would first illustrate the overall sketches, and secondly demonstrate different prototypes and testing together.

Sketching

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triO | Product Design, Sketches & Prototypes

Prototypes Making Testing

Design for Sharing Food with Friends: A Product as a Medium.

What kind of physical product could be the best medium that helped form the food- sharing flows between individuals? The project team tried to answer the question by designing different forms of containers with the characteristics of shareable , ortable , and oyful . While "shareable" was to have obvious functions of sharing to help and remind the sharing behaviours, "Portable" meant to make the product easy and fashion to carry so that people would be willing to bring out food. Besides, a design with "joyful" could create good experiences from food preparing, packing, transporting, eating, sharing, and cleaning. `

Industrial Design

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triO | Product Design, Sketches & Prototypes

Sketches To improve user experiences of carrying, it could be seen below that the ideas have changed from hard-material use to the soft materials.

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Prototypes & Tests 1

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triO | Product Design, Sketches & Prototypes

1 2

3 5

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Prototypes of the first cycle (Not all of the prototypes in the first cycle were displayed.)

Industrial Design

Prototypes & Tests 2

Prototypes of the second cycle (Not all of the prototypes in this cycle were displayed.)

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Prototypes & Tests 3

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triO | Product Design, Sketches & Prototypes

A set of food bags with different functions was designed: 1. Classic food bags for cookies and other snacks, the bag could be separated into two plates. 2. Food bag for fragile food, such as fruits, with a hidden plastic board. 3. Food bag for candies. 4. Food bag with a crinoline-protection structure for fragile food.

The last cycle also consisted of numerous sub-cycles not only to experiment crinolineprotection structures but to finalize the details.

e tiles were fle ible materials as they could constantly and quickly switch between hard and so forms, as well as stereosco ic and flat forms. Depending on this characteristic, the new food bag design could protect the food when carrying, turn into plates when holding it, and be folded like a piece of paper when storing it.

Industrial Design

Prototypes & Tests 4

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Final

Food Sharing With Friends

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triO | Final

Bring your own fashion, flat food bags and let's make food sharing a new black!

Basic Food Bag Having three sizes, the bags could contain fruits, cookies, candies and prunes...

Functions For taking out fruits and snacks and sharing food with friends

Industrial Design

Products Basic Food Bag* 3 (left) 3-Dimension Food Bag (below) Sauce Food Bag (below)

Materials Outside: Polyester Inside: TPU

3-Dimension (left)/ Sauce Food Bag (right) The 3-Dimension bag builds a 3D space to protect food by having a similar shape of McDonald's fries package. It could carry chips, cookies, salad, and other fragile food. The sauce food back is especially for people who want to have a healthy lifestyle to also carry salad sauce.

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triO | Final

Function 1_ Traying Thanks to the crinolines structure between the outside and inside clothes, TriO can be taken apart and used as trays. It's useful when you go picnicking or moving your food because it can support food carrying on your hands.

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A. Open the velcro and take out your food.

B. Unzip the zipper to separate the bag into two plates (C.).

Industrial Design

A

B

C

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Industrial Design

Function 2_ Carrying Hanging the food bag on your bag or carrying it as a purse could avoid crushing the food To help you carry food with style, TriO food bag comes in different colors and patterns. Pick the color you like and let the food emerge your own fashion

There are two types of straps to choose from: A. Short strap for hanging TriO on bags; B. Adjustable long strap for carrying TriO like satchel bags.

A

B

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triO | Final

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Function 3_ Cleaning The materials of TPU and polyester make the food bags waterproof and avoid food scraps from remaining on the surface. People can wipe up food bags easily with tissue and wash it after going back home.

Industrial Design

Function 4_ "Flexibly expand your food bag, bring more food, and share with friends!"

Except for the sauce bag, each food bag can combine with one another, and forms a threedimension s ace to carry and protect more food

+ flat

= flat

stereoscopic

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Sharing food with friends is a wonderful experience, and it could help reduce food waste!

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triO | Final

Through bringing out food and sharing with friends, we can solve many problems in our daily life that make food waste. We wouldn't need to worry about no time for eating fruits at home because we can eat wherever we want. Also, we can finish food from others because we can share it easily. ast but not least, e co ld a e mo e options fo food in s pe ma kets eca se e can s a e t e food in ig packages it people a o nd s

Industrial Design

Demo Video: https://youtu.be/MkNXYQEg9h0

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Design for Organic Food Consumption

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LeaYoungBio: Design for organic food consumption

product design, 2016-2017

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Customer/ Usability Survey

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Sketches & Design

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Final

Taiwan ea oungBio, established in 1 , is a Taiwanese organic product company. To promote their organic product and refresh the brand, the company came and asked me for developing a new style with the third version of their Slow Juicer. eading the other two people and managing the case by myself from the communication with the client, designing, to product released, it verified my skills of design and design management.

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Customer / Usability

LeaYoungBio | Customer/ Usability Survey

Main Customers Three kinds of the customers, business 2 , organic- roduct lovers and household with children, were most likely to have interests in slow juicers. First, the company already had its business partners that were interested in buying and selling its new machines. Second, as slow juicers could reserve most of the nutrients when making the food into juice, organic-product lovers and household with children who cared about health more than other households may like to buy the product to take good care of their family.

Other customers might be also interested in buying the product, yet, the product's price of almost W 20,000 could hinder them.

business (B2B)

organic-product lovers (B2C)

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household with children (B2C)

Care about manufacturing, transporting and sales.

Care about health.

Want to see transparent processes of food producing.

Need a sense of safety .

Care about health.

If the parents want to make juice with their children, the product should be easy-to-use, safe and understandable.

Industrial Design

Original Product ther than making uice, the slow uicer could make di erent sha es of noodles, oil, and could be used for grinding nuts and other food.

Original product consisted of: 1 a plastic stick for putting food inside the grinder; 2 the top plate for holding the food going into the grinder; the main body with a motor inside; the grinder in a transparent tube; 5 six covers with different shapes of openings for making different noodles; two plastic containers for catching the juice, noodles and the remains going out from the grinder.

One of the problems for the original design was that the shape was lack of the sense of integrity and steadiness. Also, there was no consideration of the usability of the two containers ( ), i.e. the design did not concern how do the users store the food or pour the juice in cups afterward.

1

2

5 4

3

6

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Photo by Ba Tik from Pexels

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LeaYoungBio | Product Design

Sketches & Design

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LeaYoungBio | Product Design

Two of the designs drawn by me in the design round 2.

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Final

SlowJuicer

Hidden Storage Space After sparing the space for the motor, there was still enough capacity for storing the five covers. In this way, the users don't need to be worried about losing the other covers.

Hidden Top Plate

LeaYoungBio | Final

A top plate was laying on the main structure, able to be taken out for cleansing.

Power Button

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Ventilation Opening

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LeaYoungBio | Final

i uid Contianer (top)/ Solid Container (middle)/ Storage of the Containers

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MIT Media Lab Future City Workshop: Design for Love, Health & Community

MIT Media Lab Future City Workshop: Design for Love, Health and Community

future design, innovative entr a ar 2015

imMEDiate is a system that enhances the emergency e ciency, people s health awareness, and strengthen relationships. Through combination of ambulance drones, wearable devices and network, imMEDiate wants to create a community with no more late ambulance and ignorance, but more connection and love.

Emergency System A system consists of emergency stations and mini drones. Drones carries equipments from the nearest station to the spot to start the rescue before the ambulance.

Health Awareness A network of health tracking to let people knows each other's health conditions.

Community eunion Wearable devices sense the health condition and inform the others for fear of emergency, especially for the alone and hurt people.

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Security nhancement The collective data provides ideas of which areas have more emergencies that might need healthcare support.

Caring Area

Area ndex

Costomized caring area selection for tracking the area's health information.

Check the health indexes of areas.

"Why isn't my area as healthy as the others?"

Self o

Check wh help arou

Industrial Design

ocation

Front Page

ho need und us.

Health indexes of us and people surrounding. et s see how high the scores we get

Self Data

Trusted Friends

Check our body Invite people you data and compare it care to help them to the world. with their health.

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2019 published _ revised i 2020