APRIL - 2015 | Volume 3 | Issue 4 | Pages 44
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Launch of Liva brand by Birla Cellulose, New Age Fluid Fashion
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Article : ERP in Textiles / Economics of Manufacturing
SS 2015 Collection by Fusion Beats Exclusive Interview with Mr. Rahul Mehta, Chairman, CMAI Event Reports: Textile Expo- Surat, Homtex- Panipat, SDC, TAI conference Market Report : Cotton, Polypropylene, Fabric
³ Skill development for poverty allevia on
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EDITORIAL “Opportunity is missed by most people, because it is dressed in overalls and looks like work�
Skill development for poverty alleviation Skill is a major factor for success in any walk of life. Even a housewife is able to make her family happier with her food preparations, only if she has requite culinary skill. Hence there are classes for culinary tips in cities and big towns. The same is true of working successfully on machines in a factory. With the continued development of machine technology, new types and new models keep on storming the market. Even a robot tuned to work on a particular machine requires a change in programming to suit the working on a different type of machine. In the modern world of fast-changing technology, the old system of learning by experience has no place. It is therefore, so obvious that workers do require skill training to give best results. Even mere skilling has become an outmoded concept. Today's requirement of a successful industrial unit is multi-skilling. It is no gainsaying that there is an urgent need for training workers for employment in different segments of the industry, with the emphasis on further industrialization through 'Make in India' policy. Government has no debut taken a right step for skill upgradation through skill development councils devoted to different industries and whose activities are overseen by National Skill Development Corporation. But this is not all. Mere skill development for the sake of development is of little use. A youth undertakes skill training to get a job. Hence, side-by-side, what is needed is the development of industry. Poverty is intense in rural India, where 70% of Indian population stay. Hence the focus of skill development programme should be rural areas. Central and State Governments together must encourage getting up of industries in rural areas. However, this does not mean that, there should be no programmes for skill development in urban India. Among all industries, it is the textile industry which is best suited for rural development. Special encouragement should be given to textile mills for setting up mills in rural areas, which should be in addition to TUFS benefits.
Shri V.Y. Tamhane Editorial Advisor
Regd. Off.: 191/ 5-C, Mittal Ind. Estate, Andheri (E), Mumbai-400 059. Tel.: 2850 3106 /1568 Fax: 2850 0124 Delhi Off.: 520, Krishna Gali, 1st floor, Katra Neel, Chandni Chowk, Delhi-110 006 Tel.: 23934712 / 23951612 / 32600574 Fax : 23965942 Factory.: Raj Rajeshwari Compound, Village Sonale, off Nashik Highway Road.,
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In this Issue...
APRIL 2015 ISSUE EDITORIAL TEAM Editor & Publisher
NEWS
Ms. Jigna Shah Editorial Advisor
Shri V.Y. Tamhane Consulting Editor
Mr. Avinash Mayekar
9–
Association News : TEXPROCIL & SIMA
10-
Corporate News
COVER STORY : Skill Development
Graphic Designer
Mr. Anant A. Jogale
11-
Advertising & Sales
Importance of Skill Development for the progress of National Economy by Shri V.Y. Tamhane
Md. Tanweer
13 –
INDUSTRY
Overview of Skill Development by Mr.AvinashMayekar
ARTICLES:
Mr. Devchand Chheda
City Editor - Vyapar ( Janmabhumi Group)
Mr. Manohar Samuel
15-
Textiles by Faculties of SVITS Indore
President, Birla Cellulose, Grasim Industries
Dr. M. K. Talukdar
25-
VP, Kusumgar Corporates
Role of IT in emerging Business Environment, ERP in The Shifting Economics of Textile Manufacturingby Mr. Harish Chatterjee
Mr. Shailendra Pandey VP (Head – Sales and Marketing),Indian Rayon
Mr. Ajay Sharma GM- RSWM ( LNJ Bhilwara Group)
EDUCATION / RESEARCH Mr. B.V. Doctor
HOD knitting, SASMIRA ,
Dr. Ela Dedhia
BRAND FOCUS
18 –
LIVA by Birla Cellulose
20-
Fusion Beats SS 15 Collection
22 –
ALT Participation in GTE
Associate Professor, Nirmala Niketan College
EVENT REPORT
Dr. Mangesh D. Teli
28 –
Hometex Tech – Panipat
29 –
Textile Expo- Surat
32-
TAI- Bangkok Conference
33-
SDC – Conference
Professor, Dean ICT
Dr. S.K. Chattopadhyay Principal Scientist & Head MPD, CIRCOT
Dr. Rajan Nachane Retired Scientist, CIRCOT
MARKET REPORT
CONSULTANT / ASSOCIATION Mr. Shivram Krishnan Senior Textile Advisor
Mr. G. Benerjee Management & Industrial Consultant
Mr. Uttam Jain Director PDEXCIL; VP of Hindustan Chamber of Commerce
Mr. Shiv Kanodia Sec General, Bharat Merchant Chamber
Mr. N.D. Mhatre Dy. Director, ITAMMA
34 -
Cotton report
37 -
Staples PP (Polypropylene) Nonwoven Fabric Market Analysis
29-
Fabric Report
42-
New Fabric Design in Premier Vision Show
40-
Show Calendar
INTERVIEW
38-
Mr.Rahul Mehta, Chairman, CMAI
Advertiser Index :
Page 5 : SGS Innovation
Page 23 :Rabatex
Page 6: Nonwoven Tech Exhibition
Page 31: Sanjay Plastics
Back Cover : Raymond
Page 24 : Tyco
Back Inside : Birla Cellulose
Page 7 :VHM Industries
Page 41 :Lokgirni
Front Inside :TechTexil
Page 8 : Dynamic Autolooms
Page 1 : Linen Hub
Page 17 :Rieter
Page 3: Bajaj Fabrics
Page 21 :Muniveer Spinning
Page 26 : International Textile Fair Page 43 : India ITME Society Page 27 : Textile Committee Page 30 : PRD Cotton
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ASSOCIATION NEWS
day.
T
FOREIGN TRADE POLICY DISAPPOINTS TEXTILE EXPORTERS
he Ministry of Commerce announced the much awaited foreign trade policy to-
Shri R.K Dalmia, Chairman, Texprocil stated that the foreign trade policy explains the Vision, Goals and objectives for the country’s Export-Import sector for the period 2015-2020 in a very eloquent manner. The Government has also set for itself a target of US $900 billion to be achieved by 2019-20 from the current level of US $465.9 billion in 2013-14. There are many good initiatives in the policy for promoting Government’s flagship programmes like “Make in India”, “Digital India” and “Skill India. A number of measures have also been taken to ease doing of business.
While welcoming the macro aspects of the policy, Shri R.K Dalmia regretted that a sector like textile and clothing, which is the second largest employment provider in the country and whose contribution to the country’s growth has been well recognized
by the Government’s Economic Survey, only a few weeks back, in terms of strengthening the manufacturing base, promoting exports and generating employment, has not got its dues in the Foreign Trade Policy. At a time when the textile sector which is amongst the most competitive sectors’ in the world is facing challenges of high tariffs, barriers on account of preferential tariff arrangements has been granted duty scrips of 2% only for mainstream cotton textile products but higher rates have been given for handlooms, carpets, coir products under the Merchandise Exports from India Scheme (MEIS). Sectors like cotton yarn have been totally ignored especially at a time when exports of these products have declined sharply and face high logistic cost when exported to markets like Latin America. Shri Dalmia wondered whether high export targets set by the Government are going to be achieved by promoting exports of handloom and coir products! He also regretted that no announcement was made with regard to
extension of Interest Rate Subvention at a time when the industry is having to bear high cost of capital which is affecting the labour intensive industry.
Shri Dalmia also pointed out that in spite of growing opportunities for textiles products like Yarn, fabrics and Made-ups to China, the Government has not included these items for pursuing market access negotiations with that country. For instance, if the tariffs on fabrics exported to China are reduced to 5% or less, from the present level of 10%, Indian exports to China can be increased substantially as it will link up with the value chain in the region. Similarly, efforts should be made to negotiate tariff reduction with the South East Asian Countries like Vietnam so as to link up with the value chain in the region which is no less in importance than the South Asia. Mr.Dalmia appealed to the Government to recognize the potential of textile and clothing sector and give it adequate support so that it can increase India’s exports many fold to world markets.
FTP 2015-2020 IGNORES TEXTILE INDUSTRY DEMANDS- SIMA
SIMA Chairman has pointed out that Cambodia has zero tariff access to European Union, China and USA, Vietnam has zero tariff access to China; Pakistan has zero duty access in EU and zero duty for fabric in China; Bangladesh has zero duty access for fabric in EU and USA and Indonesia also has zero duty access for fabrics and made ups in China. On the other hand, Indian yarn, fabrics; and made ups and garments attract 4, 8 and 12 per cent duty respectively in EU while in China, the duties are 3.5 percent for yarn, 10 per cent for fabric and 14 per cent for made ups and garments. In US market, Indian yarn attracts 7 per cent duty, fabrics and made ups 10 per cent duty and garments 17.5 per cent duty. Mr Rajkumar has stated that fabric duty in China has been reduced to 5 per cent recently. Still, with aforesaid high tariff rates, India would be in a disadvantageous position, he said. Mr Rajkumar has stated that the cotton textile industry, particularly spinning sector, has been reeling under a severe recession during the
year 2014-2015 due to the drop in exports by 30-40 million kgs of yarn/ month and felt that with present banking norms, several thousands of small and medium textile units across the Nation, particularly South India would soon become NPAs in the absence of improvement in exports.
SIMA Chairman has welcomed the initiatives and flagship programmes like Make in India, Digital India and Skilling India and the measures taken to ensure ease of doing business. He has welcomed the reduction of obligation to 75% from the current level of 90% for indigenous machinery under EPCG scheme thus encouraging the domestic machinery manufacturers keeping in mind Make in India vision. SIMA Chairman has stated that 2 per cent duty scrip announced for mainstream cotton products alone and 5 per cent duty scrip for handloom, carpet and coir products under Merchandise Exports India Scheme will not help the Indian textile industry to achieve the envisaged growth rate in the FTP. He has also stated that the industry has been demanding for 3 per cent interest subvention to manage high cost of
funding which is affecting the labour and capital intensive industry.
Viewing that the Government has set a vision of increasing India’s share in world exports to 3.5% from the current share of 2, Mr Rajkumar said that Indian textile industry, which has 5.2% share in global trade, has the potential to reach 10% by 2020 as China, which accounts for 34% share has started drifting away from the labour intensive textile manufacturing activities as the labour has become expensive. He has stressed that it is essential to make zero access entry for yarn, fabrics and garments in China to grab the emerging market opportunities which otherwise would be grabbed by countries like Pakistan, Vietnam, Cambodia, Indonesia etc. SIMA Chairman has appealed the Government to recognise the textile industry’s potential to foster export growth and job creations for millions of rural population and announce suitable incentives under MES for yarns, fabrics, garments & madeups as stated in the objective of FTP.
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CORPORATE NEWS BIG LOTS INTRODUCES HOUSE BRAND OF DIAPERS, WIPES AND OTHER BABY CARE PRODUCTS COLUMBUS, OH, April 2, 2015 (PRNewswire) - Big Lots is giving families a new budget-friendly option when it comes to purchasing baby supplies. Families typically spend upwards of $12,000 on child-relatedexpenses in their baby’s first year of life. Thanks to Big Lots, b*loved gives customers premium brand baby products with everything moms and dads need to keep babies clean, comfortable and dry. Customers looking for a great value on products ranging from diapers and wipes to baby wash and shampoo can shop Big Lots first with b*loved.
“Big Lots takes pride in providing our customer a great selection of quality baby care products at a price she loves,” said Richard Chene, Executive Vice-President, Chief Merchandising Officer. “At the core of our assortment are b*loved diapers which are made with pride in the USA and have unique characteristics such as accordionstretch fasteners, contour shaping and a super absorbent core.” As a brand built on quality, b*loved features products that are comparable to leading national brands. To meet the increasing demand for premium quality products at great prices, the line includes items like shampoo, detangler, baby oil, baby wipes and diapers, starting at $1.50.
Big Lots has always carried a wide array of baby products, but the b*loved line will expand Big Lots’ offerings and provide shoppers with premium quality products and a wide variety of other baby necessities. For additional information or to view the product line, visit www.biglots.com/bloved. Learn more about Big Lots, speak with a company representative or arrange a store visit, contact the Big Lots Media Hotline at 1-877-614-1274.
GREECE’S THRACE GROUP HIGHLIGHTS ITS NONWOVENS GROWTH TRENDS WITH PLANS FOR NEW 10
SPUNBOND MACHINE; BIG JUMP IN OPERATING PROFIT FOR 2014 CLOVERDALE, CA, April 2, 2015 (Nonwovens Markets) - Greece’s Thrace Group will install a new spunbond machine with bicomponent capabilities, supplied by the Italian equipment manufacturer Farè, the two companies announced last month. At about the same time Thrace released its 2014 financial results, showing an operating profit increase from 2013 of almost 33% on a nearly 11% jump in turnover. While Thrace Group is known as a manufacturer of polypropylene-based products, the new line will be able to use polyethylene and polyester as well as PP, in various combinations. Startup date of the machine, at the company’s Xanthi site, was not announced, nor was the machine’s capacity or width. Reduced material consumption. The companies noted that “Farè’s unique technologies result in significant energy savings and reduced material consumption,” adding that “this new production line incorporates numerous innovative features which will allow Thrace and its customers to develop unique products that do not exist today, satisfying future market needs.”
“Listening closely to our clients’ needs and utilizing our advanced technologies, we have developed this line which we can claim is probably the best for the spunbonds’ market,” added Marco Farè, Farè’s General Manager.
More than 1,500 customers. With 14 plants, a workforce of over 1,700 in 10 countries and annual global sales approaching Euro 300 million, Thrace Group says it serves more than 1,500 clients in 80 countries. Nonwovens and other technical fabrics are its largest business, with packaging also generating a big share of revenues. Its technical fabrics business mainly serves durable applications. Its nonwovens operations, operated by Thrace NG S.A., include Don & Low, based in Scotland, and Thrace Linq, in the United States, as well as the Xanthi plant. It installed a new needlepunch line in Summerville, South Carolina in 2009. Thrace Linq mainly serves markets in the Americas. Don & Low,
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understood to operate three Reifenhauser spunbond lines, says its biggest markets are in Europe and the Americas. Xanthi is believed to include at least one Reifenhauser spunbond line and an NSC needlepunch machine. Growing product range. Thrace NG’s end-use markets include geosynthetics, agriculture and horticulture, construction, furniture and bedding, filtration, workwear and hygiene and medical.
In February 2015, Thrace NG said it was expanding its product range to include “Geosynthetic Clay Liners” to be used in sealing applications and “Drainage Geonets and Geocompites” to be used for drainage purposes. Its product range includes woven as well as nonwoven materials.
At the time it said that it was setting up a joint venture plant to produce waterproof products using its Geosynthetic Clay Liner (GCL) technology. Thrace-Eurobent S.A. will be the operating company, and will be a JV of Thrace and Eurobent Sp.zo.o. The product line will serve environmental end-uses such as sanitary landfills and irrigation projects. Sales will be made to international as well as domestic Greek customers. The product will be a sandwich of a nonwoven on one side and a woven material on the other.
The group generated 35% of its sales in 2014 from the European Union excluding Greece and the United Kingdom, with 19% coming from the UK, 17% from Greece, 9% from the rest of Europe, 17% from the Americas and 3% from Asia, Africa and Oceania. Greece represented 52% of production, with the UK adding 24%, the Americas 13% and southeastern Europe excluding Greece 11%. Technical fabrics generated 55% of the group’s EBITDA for the year and packaging generated 45%. For the technical fabrics business unit, including all the nonwoven operations and woven fabrics, the 2014 sales breakdown was as follows: the European Union excluding Greece and the UK, 34%; the UK, 27%; the Americas, 26%; Greece, 4%; the rest of Europe, 4%; Oceania, 3%; and Asia, Africa and “other”, 2%.
COVER STORY IMPORTANCE OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT FOR THE PROGRESS OF NATIONAL ECONOMY Shri V. Y. Tamhane
T
he present era is of rapid technological change. Currently, products become outmoded in a short span of time. Hence, the industry is always on its toes for technology development. Technology upgradation cannot take place only on installation of modern sophisticated machinery. It is also necessary to recruit skilled staff who can handle such sophisticated machinery. In the alternative, the company will fail to derive desired results, and ultimately the company may suffer financial losses. It is therefore necessary to bridge the skill gap. It goes to the credit of the Hon’ble Prime Minister of India for initiating immediate steps for skill development, by creating a 2-tier mechanism. At the apex level is the National Skill Development Council which works in unison with the Sector Skill Councils being the second layer. The objectives of the skill development are manifold. It encourages standardization in the certification process, it maintains a registry of skilled persons, and increases productivity of existing workers.
The Hon’ble Union Finance Minister in his Budget speech of 2014 proposed a scheme to encourage skill development for youth by providing monetary rewards for successful completion of approved training programmes. So far 14 lakh youths have been trained, of which 9 lakh passed the prescribed test and each of about 8 lakh received a reward of Rs.10,000. The Union Labour Ministry is, it is reported, planning to scale up training through ITIs [Industrial Training Institutes started by Government] and start other appropriate programmes with a view to providing jobs to one crore people. With a target to develop skills of 24 lakh youth, the Hon’ble Prime Minister has approved on 2oth March, 2015 a skill development programme titled ‘Pradhan mantri Kaushalya Vikas Yojana [ PMKVY] with an allocation of Rs.1,500 crore. Textile Skill Council
The Textile Industry has set up a Technical Skill Council [ TSC] under the scheme of National Skill Development Corporation.
TSC for textiles has prepared training programmes for 56 jobs as listed in Annexure I. Training in only a few positions like plumber, electrician required in the textile industry can be arranged in ITIs. One important trade in textile industry is fitter. The basic training for a fitter can be arranged in it is; but thereafter a trainee fitter must be trained on textile machines in a mill. Training for all other jobs must be conducted in a textile mill. The procedure for affiliation of textile mills to TCS is stated in Annexure II. Combine Skill Development with setting up of mills in rural areas Poverty in India is concentrated in villages. The land-
less workers and those having marginal lands suffer most. Assocham [Association of Chambers of Commerce and Industry] has been orchestrating to build confidence, conviction and growth in the Indian economy by ensuring livelihood for 1.3 billion Indians. Two-thirds of India’s more than 1.2 billion people are under the age of 35. Nowhere is the demand for jobs far more acute and the obstacles more formidable than in rural areas, where more than 70% of India’s population lives.
To make the scheme workable, the Apprentice Act should permit engagement of apprentices for the full period of training and re-training to acquire the desired level of skills and to absorb only those candidates who pass the test at the end of the apprentice period. To stop poaching of highly skilled workers with the allure of a big jump in wages the mills which trained the worker is a distinct loser. Such poaching will be considerably checked when the population of skilled workers in different jobs becomes significant. Till then, the certificates for successful completions of training programme may be withheld for a period of at least three years. For balanced growth of Indian economy, creation of jobs in rural India should be the prime target of skill development programme in the textile industry. In other words, setting up of textile mills in rural India should get priority. The proposal has immense benefits.. Firstly, rural population will get jobs in their backyard, which will save them the agony of working in cities, where the slum is the only place for living and the cost of living is unaffordable. If the mill is set up in cotton belts, there will be great saving in criss-cross movement to different centres, normally at far-off places for purposes of spinning, weaving, processing and garmenting. Thus cotton grower will get a better return, without casting additional burden on the consumers of fabrics and garments. Besides, this proposal is ecofriendly.
Apparently, there is no scheme for reimbursement of expenditure but there is a scheme of reward money. Candidates from economically-disadvantaged sections will be allowed to pay initial fees equal to the difference between the training cost and the reward money they are eligible which would be paid direct to the training provider. This scheme is clumsy and probably not attractive since the mills would have to train apprentices on their own machines, there will be loss of production and mills will suffer severe financial losses. Hence, the scheme must provide for reimbursement of expenditure for mills on no-profit-no-loss basis. The industry should also be given special subsidy to the extent of 10 per cent, apart from TUFS benefits, for setting up mills in rural areas. In the times to come, the textile industry is going to get more and more importance, particularly because the present signals indicate that China, which may rightfully be called the clothier to the world, is on the backfoot and wants to progressively go out of textiles with preference to other industries and services. TEXTILE VALUE CHAIN |APRIL- 2015 www.textilevaluechain.com
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COVER STORY Economic Impact India’s higher education system contributes 3.5 lakh engineers and 2.5 million university graduates annually to the labour force. It is said that about 5 million graduates remain unemployed at any given time as per Shri Kishor Jayaraman in Business Line dated 4th February, 2015.
Important positions like fitters, weavers etc in textile mills in and around cities and towns may be re-designated as sub-engineers or sub-technicians. If graduates are willing to get themselves trained, they could be gainfully employed to work on machines. The only precaution to be taken is that such upgraded positions should not be called to do lower type of jobs, but they should be drafted for prepa-
ration of reports etc. and should be made eligible to occupy higher technical positions, on satisfactory performance and acquiring skills for supervision. In textile mills in rural areas, skilled youth in such areas should be considered for jobs. Here there is no need of the scheme suggested for textile mills in urban areas.
Skill development and employment go hand in hand and the industry must start respecting the certificates given by TCS.
Time has come for Central and State Governments to consider the issue in the larger interest of national economy. All that I may say is that the textile industry should not miss the bus of opportunities.
ANNEXURE I
FIFTY SIX JOB ROLES TO BE COVERED FOR ASSESSMENT IN THE FIRST PHASE
24. Shuttle-less Weaving Machine Fitter (Projectile)
Quality Pack and National Occupational Standards (QPNOS) for fifty six (56) Job Roles will be developed in the first phase. The same would be vetted by the industry. The Assessment Agency is expected to have competent assessors for the job roles for which it wishes to apply to be an Assessing Agency. The list of Job Roles is given below:
27. Sizer
Draft QPs for the following job roles have been developed and in the process of being vetted by the industry: Spinning 1.
Ring Frame Tenter
4.
Ring Frame Doffer
2. 3. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Open-End Spinning Tenter AutoconerTenter
Winding Operator (Manual & Assembly Winding) Fitters – Spinning Preparatory Fitters - Ring Spinning Fitters - Post Spinning TFO Tenter
10. Speed Frame Operator – Tenter& Doffer 11. Combing Preparatory Tenter 12. Combing Tenter
13. Blow room Operators 14. Carding Operators
15. Draw frame Operator
16. Packing Checker Weaving 17. Autoloom Weaver
18. Shuttle-less Loom Weaver (Rapier)
19. Shuttle-less Loom Weaver (Projectile) 20. Shuttle-less Loom Weaver (Air-Jet) 21. Beam Carrier & Load man
22. Autoloom Weaving Machine Fitter 12
23. Shuttle-less Weaving Machine Fitter (Rapier) TEXTILE VALUE CHAIN |APRIL- 2015 www.textilevaluechain.com
25. Shuttle-less Weaving Machine Fitter (Air-Jet) 26. Warper
28. Size Mixer
29. Knotting Operator 30. Fabric Checker 31. Fabric Mender
32. Weaving Machine Maintenance –Oiler 33. Fitter – Weaving Preparatory
34. Pirn Winding Machine Operator Knitting
35. Knitting Machine Operator –Circular Knitting
36. Knitting Machine Operator –Flat Bed Knitting 37. Knitting Machine Operator –Warp Knitting 38. Knitting Machine Fitter Processing 39. Jigger Machine Operator
40. Folding Machine Operator 41. Stenter Operator
42. Singeing &Desizing machine operator 43. Printing Machine operator 44. Fitter (Processing)
45. Continuous Range Operator
46. Soft Flow Dyeing Machine Operator 47. Package Dyeing Machine Operator 48. Washing Range Operator
49. Drying Machine Operator
50. Calendaring Machine Operator 51. Finishing Machine Operator (Zero-Zero/Compacting)
52. Colour Mixer/ Chemical preparation Operator 53. Screen Preparatory Operator
54. Balloon Squeezer / Padder Operator 55. Relax Dryer Operator 56. Compactor Operator
COVER STORY ANNEXURE II
Process of Affiliation 1.
Textile unit will apply for affiliation to TSC for a NOS based course pertaining to a specific job role (Qualification Pack).
2.
Textile unit can affiliate one or more courses to TSC. For each course corresponding to a Qualification Pack, it will take an affiliation from TSC. Thus there can be multiple affiliations with TSC.
3.
It can also take affiliations from multiple SSCs; for courses pertaining to their sectors.
The requirements for affiliation are classified into 4 sections Section 1:
Institution and Management Profile
Section 2:
Quality Aspects in Institution Governance
Section 3:
Training Operations –Processes
Section 4:
Performance, Measurement and Improvement
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COVER STORY SKILL DEVELOPMENT IN INDIAN TEXTILE SECTOR Mr. Avinash Mayekar MD, Suvin Advisor Pvt. Ltd
T
extile Industry, the golden industry of India has a rich culture of more than 100 years and it is has proven its importance for earning foreign exchange and generating huge employment since ancient times. The Indian textile industry, currently estimated at around US $108 billion, is expected to reach US $ 141 billion by 2021.
The sector contributes about 14% to industrial production, 4% the GDP and 27% to the country’s foreign exchange inflows. Indian Textile Industry is always been backbone of the country’s economy employing around 45 million people directly & 60 million people indirectly. India is the second largest producer of textiles & apparels. It accounts for about 24% of the world’s spindle capacity and 8% of global rotor capacity.Being a labour intensive industry, country’s large population directly or indirectly depends on the industry. Textile Industry has evolved from traditional handlooms to most modern high speed Airjet looms. Today, we are manufacturing ranges of highly engineered textiles & apparels for various applications ranging from sports textiles, medical textiles, automotive, protective textiles & so on. Last year, India has overtaken Germany and Italy to emerge as the world’s second largest textile exporter. But still if we compare with China who is world leader in Textile exports, we lag substantially as it exports seven times higher than India. According our Vision 202425, our production level is estimated $350 billion by 202425 from current $100 billion & export to reach $300 billion. We have to carve out clear strategy & action plan to achieve our vision. Though, India has rich resources of raw material such as cotton, silk, jute & wool, there are certain area to be focused to harness the growth of the industry. One of the core areas to be focused and highlighted is “skill development”. Indian Government is taking commendable initiatives by launching programs like Integrated Skill Development Scheme (ISDS),but it is equally important that industry stakeholders should equally contribute in this movement. The first step is to bring awareness on need of skill development for Textile Industry. Main focus should be on enhancing right skills and generation of employment, in order to reap the demographic dividend. Skill building can be viewed as an instrument to improve the effectiveness and contribution of labor to the overall production. It is an important ingredient to push the production possibility frontier outward and to take growth rate of the economy to a higher trajectory. Skill building could also be seen as an instrument to empower the individual and improve his/ her social acceptance or value.
To carve out our strategy for skill development, first we need to understand the existing structure of skill sets and assess gaps in the system. We are required to take the 360 degree feedback and approach to understand the existing gap between required skill sets & workforce. We can map our country into the smaller modulesof states thoroughly 14
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for type, quality & quantity of fibres produced & how the levels of productions, which are existing in textile industry e.g. Spinning, Handloom, Powerloom, ShuttlelessWeaving, Knitting, Processing, Garmenting or Technical Textiles. Detailed market research needs to be done to understand existing workforce, their level of skillsets, number of textile education institutes in the region, what is their curriculum and course content, whether educational programs are in line with the required skillsets of the region. This will help us to understand demand-supply gap & answer questions like additional number of workforce required to match the demand supply, what are skillsets required & whether existing textile education institutes are sufficient to meet the workforce requirement in that state, whether there is any need to redesign the course content as per industry requirement, whether additional vocational courses or workshops are required to be developed. The answers to these questions will help us to design the strategy for every region and every sector.
The next step will be action plan. The action plan will be arranging various program & seminars in the region. This will bring awareness amongst entrepreneurs and stakeholders about the need of skill development programs. Textile institutes providing degree, diploma & vocational courses are to be developed to meet huge demand supply gap. This will help in supply of high skilled labour to achieve higher productivities & good operational management.
It is also important to understand level of skill development to meet our export vision. With the changing market scenario, it is necessary to identify innovative trends in global market. We need to adopt latest technology to produce goods which are competitive into international market. To meet our export vision we are able to generate skilled labours trained with international skills and standards. In fact, international consulting firm like Werner International have industry specialists and have experience in training to all level textile human resource from entrepreneurs, CEOs, general managers, plant heads, managers to workers. Such kind of training programs will be really helpful to create a good skilled workforce in our country. Already big textile giants like Welspun, Trident and many other groups are using skill set improvement programmes. Suvin Advisors has smartly identified the need of the Indian Textile Industry for efficient manpower with technical knowhow. With our extensive network & experience, we are all set to fulfill the need of the Industry. In today’s competitive world, Top level & middle level plays very crucial role in the success of the company. With highest level of dedication & proficiency, Suvin can help assist the industry to identify suitable workforce for top level & middle level. We are already commissioning 2 big size textile projects in Angola through a Japanese collaboration.
Today, Indian economy is in growth phase. Our Prime Minister Mr. NarendraModi is promoting “Make in India“program across the globe. There is a great demand for right people and right place. We foresee tremendous demand of efficient manpower in coming future in India. With the clear vision, right strategy & aggressive action plan, we can supply efficient people for textile industry and in real sense can lead the global textile market!!!
TECHNICAL ARTICLE ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN EMERGING BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ERP IN TEXTILES Mrs. Yogita Agrawal, Mr. Tanveer Malik and Mrs. Rupali Kapoor Faculties, SVITS Indore
ABSTRACT
Tremendous change has been occurred in the textile industries the last decade. To sustain competitive advantage, companies must re-examine and fine-tune their business processes to deliver high quality goods at very low costs. Globalization has led to increase in competition and quality awareness and also most companies have now outsourced manufacturing to low labour therefore it has become very important for the textile industry to integrate itself with information technology to survive.
ERP is an integrated system that allows information to enter at a single point in process & updates a single shared database for all functions that directly or indirectly depend on this information. ERP solutions came into existence in corporate world due to various problems faced in Management Information System (MIS), Integrated Information System (IIS), Executive Information System (EIS), Corporate Information System (CIS), Enterprise Wide System (EWS), and Material Requirement Planning (MRP), Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP II).
This paper deals with the functions of ERP, the response and need of the ERP in Indian textile industries, benefits of ERP system and ERP system Implementation. ERP system enhances information flow through various business processes like production sales, inventory planning and finance - helping companies to gain competitive advantage. Simply to understand – ERP system organizes all of the companies information into one centralises system, which is always available. INTRODUCTION:
Textile companies to find an edge in this current competitive environment have to take proactive steps to improve operations. In the quest of profitable growth in a global marketplace, industries are looking for new strategies to improve the quality, cut costs, respond swiftly to changes in customer demands and vagaries in raw material supply position, expand globally, develop new distribution channels and forge new value-added relationships with suppliers and customers. With the increase in competition and quality awareness within and outside India, no developing and progressive industry would be able to survive for long without application of Enterprise resource planning (ERP) [1]. Enterprise Resource Planning is Software for running a business. ERP was coined as an extension of the concept of manufacturing resource-planning (MRP) software, which automated the process of keeping a manufacturing line supplied with materials to meet incoming orders. It plans and controls various operations right from the purchase up to selling of the product. This paper mainly elaborates the concept of ERP, its development, implementation with its
success and failure factors. There are many slacks in use of manpower, energy, fuel, textile material, and other processing materials in textile industry. ERP helps in the optimal uses of manufacturing resources, reduces the wastage of the raw materials. Initially implementation of an ERP package was possible only for very large Multi National Companies and Infrastructure Companies due to high cost involved. Today many companies in India have gone in for implementation of ERP and it is expected in the near future that more than 60% of the companies will be implementing one or the other ERP packages since this will become a must for gaining competitive advantage. ERP:
An Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system is a package of corporate wide software application that drives manufacturing, planning, costing, finance, marketing, human resources and other business functions in real time. Most textile companies normally have separate application software to carry out each activity. The significant advantage of an ERP system is that it integrates all the functions to create a single unified system rather than a group of independent application, thus creating a synergy between the vital resources of an organization namely men, material, money and machine [2]. NEED OF ERP IN INDUSTRY:
Controlling of the different textile mills in the different location can be made easy by this system. It vanquishes the old standalone computer system in Finance, HR, Manufacturing and Warehouse, and replaces them with a single unified software program dived into software modules that roughly approximate the old standalone system. It provides software for textile industries of all kind, from vertically integrated companies requiring system to cover the entire production cycle to those specializing in single stage of the production process. It helps in the planning for optimizing and scheduling of production orders. It not only provides a user-friendly environment can be tailored to the needs of companies both large and small, but also progressively expanded, both in the ` horizontal` sense to embrace additional organizational functions, as well as `vertically to integrate other stages of the production process[3]. It produces the dramatic improvements when used to connect parts of an organization and integrate its various processes. Thus, it gives a better products and better services at affordable prices. ERP IN TEXTILES:
Textile manufacturing revolves around three entities customers, banks and suppliers. A customer gives a sales order to the company and this form the basis for production planning. Raw material is purchased and dispatched to the mills. Receipts and payments are made through banks. Before the ERP deployment, most of the work was done manually resulting in inaccuracies both incorrect and missTEXTILE VALUE CHAIN |APRIL- 2015 www.textilevaluechain.com
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TECHNICAL ARTICLE ing entries. ERP has enabled accountability, accuracy, and transparency without breaking the existing workflow. •
Resistance to change
The major benefits of ERP are improved coordination across functional departments and increased efficiencies of doing business. The implementations of ERP systems help to facilitate day-to-day management as well. ERP software systems are originally and ambitiously designed to support resource-planning portion of strategic planning. Various benefits of ERP are: [5] • Single Point of Entry - Data only entered at the source of that data • Reduction in paperwork because of online formats for entering and receiving information • Everyone has the same data • Historical and authoritative data • Immediate information • Quicker response and follow up with customers. • Quick response to change in business operations and market consumption. • Availability of timely accurate information with detailed content and better presentation • Improved supply demand linkage with remote locations and branches in other countries. • Better monitoring and quicker resolution of queries from within and outside. • Improved decision making processes due to availability of online information.
•
In adequate education and training
•
Lack of top management support
BENEFITS OF ERP:
Improved cost control • Improved Visibility into all areas of the company • Improved customer service and satisfaction • Improved business processes providing a competitive advantage.
• •
Main barriers to implementing an ERP system: The most frequently cite barriers were: 16
TEXTILE VALUE CHAIN |APRIL- 2015 www.textilevaluechain.com
Poor project management
• Mismatch between the system capabilities and the organizations processes and procedures CONCLUSION:
In order to compete and win in today’s global market field, better management of resources is an important criterion. Implementation of ERP controls different functions and enhance company efficiency. Latest technologies equipped with in ERP software package helps in better controlling and management of data. If implementation of ERP is done according to company goals, it assures you more return on investment. Before planning project, it is advised to design the project in a realistic approach. This helps employees in maximizing ROI in practical. Reducing inventory cost is another core objective of ERP implementation. Better order tracking, knowing customer needs and business requirements by ERP assists in proper utilization and management of resources. It enhances operational process and maximizes the return on investment rates. It enhancing the customer relationship management, increases the quality of services, shortens delivery times and enhances the performance rate offered by companies. It also helps in error controlling and helps in better planning and coordination of business resources so as to achieve maximum profit [4]. REFERENCES:
1. Desai K. S. and khatwani P. B., textile Magazine, 2002, may 41-46. 2. Role of ERP in textile industries by : S. Sudalaimuthu, N. Vadivu published in fibre2fashion 3. S. G. Deshmukh, Indian Textile Journal Oct.2001 11-26. 4. The Core Objectives of ERP by Dr Easton Patrick published in fibre2fashion. 5. Umble, E.J. and M. M. Umble (2002). Avoiding ERP Implementation Failure. Industrial Management. January/February pp.25-33. 6. Taking the pulse of ERP Modern Material Handling February 2001 pp. 44-51.
ERP IMPLEMENTION:
ERP or enterprise resource planning is a commonly used software package for enhancing the operational efficiency of business resources. It is a composition of software modules assisting company owners to achieve their goals at a faster rate. Implementation of ERP for an organization is done on the basis of company requirements. Today, ERP is a widely applied software system in all types of industrial fields including small and medium sized companies. Inventory control, better human capital management, customer relationship management and order tracking are some among the key benefits of implementing enterprise resource planning. Proper implementation of ERP package according to business needs is benefited with lots of advantages. ERP implementation is the customization and introduction of an ERP system in textiles. ERP software was designed with the concept of the benefit of seamless integration to streamline transaction-processing tasks across an enterprise [4].
Poor leadership from top management
Books: • Olinger, Charles. “The Issues behind ERP Acceptance and Implementation.” APICS: The Performance Advantage • Pankaj Sharma. Enterprise Resource Planning. Aph Publishing Corporation, New Delhi, 2004. Websites:
http://www.developer.com http://www.erpandmore.com • www.Textileassociationindia.org • www.schaeffer-pro.com/e/activity.html • www.indiantextilejournal.com • http://www.isnare.com • http://sysoptima.com • http://guide.darwinmag.com/technology/enterprise/erp •
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The Comfort of Competence
BRAND FOCUS Birla Cellulose launches the “Liva” brand : New Age Fluid Fabric
To delight customers with its fluidity Establishing closer connect with the end customer 1,000 outlets with nearly two million Liva garments
The Aditya Birla Group today announced the launch of Birla Cellulose’s “Liva” brand. Briefing the media, Mr. K. K. Maheshwari, Group Business Director, Fibres and Textiles, and Managing Director, Grasim, stated that the launch of Liva was “indeed a defining moment for us as we take another major step forward in the continuing journey of Birla Cellulose towards achieving greater heights of excellence and growing leadership globally”. He said that the business, long-term, has a great future and that Viscose Staple Fibre once reckoned as a commodity was increasingly moving to raise its share of value added products and solutions.
Mr. Kumar Mangalam Birla, the Group’s Chairman states that – “the Pulp and Fibre business is an integral part of our Group. Over the years, it has contributed significantly to our growth and has taken a remarkable position in terms of global presence. We enjoy a leadership position with over 20% of the world market share. Over the last 3 years alone our investments have been in excess of Rs.4,300 crores and our capacities have scaled close to 1 million tons per annum. Let me add that, as a Group, we have always been customercentric and VSF continues to move ahead of the times”. “As a Group, we believe the Customer at is the core of how we operate. You would be surprised to know that our consumer brands are over Rs.60,000 crore, larger than that of many leading consumer brands put together. With the launch of LIVA, our endeavour is to establish the same
ate a distinctive and relevant end-consumer promise. With years of experience and several intense rounds of understanding consumers, we have found one that we believe resonates strongly with their desires and beliefs. Not only does it fully satisfy them on the aspect of being a natural product, it also delights them on the distinctive aspect of the product which is its soft drape, or “fluidity”. I am delighted to announce that we are launching this product under the brand name “Liva” with the very simple but very meaningful and attractive proposition of “Natural Fluid Fashion”. He launched the beautiful Liva logo.
The second major step taken was the setting up a strong Design Studio backed by a powerful Technical Research and Development Centre. They are geared to working with the value-chain to bring forth every season, new innovations that are in trend and which consumers and trade-partners will see as being really “in fashion”, remarked Mr. Maheshwari.
Elaborating further, Mr. Maheshwari spoke of how the Birla Cellulose team has been working closely with a large number of value-chain partners, including spinners, fabricators and processors. “We have created a new partnership concept, called the Liva Accredited Partner Forum, or LAPF, that is an integral part of this ingredient brand. While these partners work on continuously improving their quality and service to brands and retail, on our part we are working closely with them in areas of technical support, design development, supply chain and market development. We have over 250 partners now in the Forum”, informed Mr. Maheshwari.
Furthermore, he spoke about the various ways in which Liva would strengthen the value proposition of multiple brands and retail, enhancing their fashion quotient. Liva will be available with leading brands and retail like Van Heusen women, Allen Solly women, Global Desi, Chemistry, F-109, Pantaloons and Lifestyle. In the first season of national launch, Liva will reach over 50 cities and 1,000 outlets with approximately 2 million garments, tagged with Liva.
Liva’s consumer appeal is being topped with a brand ambassador – a renowned fashion queen. She epitomises
connect with the end consumer (who in the Viscose Fibre business is several steps removed from our operations) and while doing that take the entire value chain along with us.” avers Mr. Birla. Mr. Maheshwari highlighted the criticality of the consumer connect, emphasizing that to win with end-consumers consistently, we needed to do several things. 18
Commented Mr. Maheshwari, “Firstly, we needed to creTEXTILE VALUE CHAIN |APRIL- 2015 www.textilevaluechain.com
BRAND FOCUS GRAND LAUNCH OF LIVA ON 27TH MARCH, 2015 AT JW MARRIOTT, SAHAR,MUMBAI in many ways the brand’s essence of natural fluid fashion. The one and only Kangana Ranaut.
KANGANA RANAUT ANNOUNCED BRAND AMBASSADOR AT A GRAND FLUID FASHION SHOWCASE TITLED “PANCHTATVA” Birla Cellulose, from Aditya Birla Group, unveiled their much awaited new age fabric brand, LIVA with their new stylish brand ambassador Kangana Ranaut and an-
nounced the launch of Liva Accredited Partner LAPF at JW Mariott, Mumbai with an exclusive fashion show.
LIVA is a new age fabric that is natural, fluid, and fashionable which infuses fluidity into the garment. The evening saw a beautiful amalgamation of the five elements to bring out the essence of LIVA, in a fluid fashion showcase titled ‘Panchtatva’.
• AIR : James Ferreira, renowned for his subtle nonliteral infusion of Indian elements, presented the LIVA Collection themed AIR.
• EARTH : Puja Nayyar, known for her unique ideation towards experimentation in design, used EARTH as
an element to showcase the expanse of the fabric LIVA.
• WATER: Narendra Kumar, well known for his structured silhouette and sharp tailoring, displayed the fluidity of the fabric, using WATER as the inspiration.
• FIRE: Anita Dongre, who is known for her wide range -prêt to couture, traditional to contemporary, classic to avant-garde and desi to global, took inspiration from FIRE to bring alive the fiery fluidity of LIVA. The highlight of the showcase was show stopper Kangana Ranuat, walking the ramp in a gorgeous LIVA creation.
Speaking from the venue, actress Kangana Ranaut said “When I saw the fabric I was really surprised at how flowy and fluid it was. It draped by body in just the right way, wasn’t too boxy or too tight. The fabric moved as I moved. I think it’s the kind of fabric that can go well with any clothing and occasion. Moreover, I personally feel that LIVA is going to play a very important role in the world of fashion. People always want something new; something exciting and I can see it happening with LIVA. The collections seen tonight are very much testament to the great potential the brand has for women’s wear. It feels great to be here tonight with the wonderful design team from LIVA, and of course, the absolutely brilliant designers who have show cased their collections.”
Hosted by Mr K.K. Maheshwari, Managing Director Grasim Industries and Group Director - Textiles, the evening saw leading fashion designers and industry stalwarts from textile and retail gather under one roof to experience the world of natural, fluid fashion. Seen in high fashion spirits were Wendell Rodricks, Puja Nayyar, James Ferriera, Jatin Kochhar and Anita Dongre Speaking during the press-conference, Mr. K.K Maheshwari (Managing Director - Grasim Industries and Group Director - Textiles) said, “Firstly, we needed to create a distinctive and relevant end-consumer promise. With years of experience and several intense rounds of understanding consumers, we have found one that we believe resonates strongly with their desires and beliefs. Not only does it fully satisfy them on the aspect of being a natural product, it also delights them on the distinctive aspect of the product which is its soft drape, or “fluidity”. I am delighted to announce that we are launching this product under the brand name “Liva” with the very simple but very meaningful and attractive proposition of “Natural Fluid Fashion.” TEXTILE VALUE CHAIN |APRIL- 2015 www.textilevaluechain.com
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BRAND FOCUS
GIVE EXPRESSION TO YOUR FASHION WITH FUSION BEATS' SPRING SUMMER 2015 COLLECTION presents a fresh take on this SS'15 line. Bright indigos highlighted with hints of yellow form the colour palette.
Fusion Beats, the retail women's apparel brand launches its Spring Summer Collection'15 that celebrates the free spirited, bohemian woman of today. It is not just fashion, but an expression of who you are. The eclectic collection that forms the SS'15 line includes a wide range that caters to every palette and style. Some of these are; The Denim Studio which is the traditional denim that is chockfull of the season's key staples. From hi-summer jumpers to 'wear with anything' vests, from easy summer look gypsy skirts to fun dungarees, this trend remains a constant fixture in high-fashion this summer. Fits and washes form the USP for this collection. Shades of denim from stonewash blues to dark indigos build up the story. The Bohemian look comes across in its prints and motifs vary from paisley floral to Aztec influences.
Club Tropicana collection is a street style inspiration with the presence of chic dresses, bold embroideries and placement prints in resort style. High summer energy fuels this fun tropical theme. Jades and fern greens are trimmed with bold primary colours of pale yellows, corals and midnight seablues. Prints are exuberant tropical with bold geometrics supporting the beach palm trees. There's a mix-nmatch at play of tropical florals. The Kora collection brings the favourite kind of silhouettes, elegant embroideries and lovely laces classic approach to the warm weather with simple and flattering designs. The
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are accentuated with cultural florals, stripes and truck motifs. Chalkboard Tribe collection takes inspiration from the classic black and white, done in tribal pattern. From flowy dresses in monochrome palette to Ikat inspired swirls and Aztec placements with lace trims is what this collection is all about.
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The Earth Deco collection, as the name suggests is inspired by earth and has flattering cuts which are constructed out of panels of organic linens and viscose. Metal tassels, attractive Aztec tapes, traditional pom-poms and beadwork are the key details. The Shibori collection takes inspiration from the traditional Japanese Shibori blended with rhythmical baroque
The Truck Art collection inspired by the indigenous art of decorated Indian cultural identity forms this trend. Funky gypsy truck apparel is highlighted with bohemian embroidery, Kutch quilting and a tinkle of smocked skirt with detailed handwork. The 'Horn Ok Please' makes a fashionable statement this summer. Primary colours in this collection include ochre yellow with highlights of scarlet reds and cobalt blue. The prints
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TEXTILE VALUE CHAIN |APRIL- 2015 www.textilevaluechain.com
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fabric comprises of organic linens, sheer mesh laces, crochet lace fabrics, jacquards, hakobas and pleated georgettes that gives a classic look.
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With The Tribal Mix collection, the bohemian look makes a comeback again this SS'15. The famous Aztec influence mixed with geometric ikat continues to stand out. This collection has shades of bright rouge and turquoise with accent of jades and navy. The collection prices starts at INR 1500 and is available at all Fusion Beats exclusive brand outlets, on our website and other online partners.
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A V E O
We have set up a new modernized spinning unit with state-of-the-art machinery and infrastructure. We have installed capacity of 18,000 spindles with a production capacity of 300MT / Month.
It is our motto to deliver highest quality yarns and services to our customers. Our valued customer perceive us as a
producer of consistent quality at competitive prices, always striving to exceed their expectations.
Machinery Facilities at Shri Muniveer Spinning Mills Machinery Blow-Room Card DrawFrame DrawFrame Speed Frame
Make LMW LMW LMW LMW
Model MBO LB3/6R LC-300V3 A LD-2 LRSB-851
LMW
Ring Frame Auto Winder
LMW
LF-4200A LR-9AX (AutoDoffer)
Muratec
21-C
Yarn Type
Range
Applica on
100% Polyester Staple Fibre
Ne 30/1
High Speed Weaving & Kni ng
100% Polyester Staple Fibre
NE 40/1
High Speed Weaving & Kni ng
100% Polyester Staple Fibre
NE 50/1
High Speed Weaving & Kni ng
100% Polyester Staple Fibre
NE 30/1 Slub Yarn
High Speed Weaving & Kni ng
100% Polyester Staple Fibre
NE 40/1 Slub Yarn
High Speed Weaving & Kni ng
100% Polyester Staple Fibre
NE 50/1 Slub Yarn
High Speed Weaving & Kni ng
Ring Frame LR-9 AX
Speed Frame LF-4200
Product Quality Shri Muniveer Spinning Mills is equipped with advanced technology and automated machines to ensure enhanced product range for high speed weaving and knitting machines. Our modernized machinery will match the latest fashion trends by manufacturing various types of Fancy & Slub Yarns.
Auto-Winder Muratec 21-C
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Shri Muniveer Spinning Mills
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Shri Muniveer Spinning Mills
Address: A-1/11, Road No.9,Hojiwala Industrial Estate Sachin Udhyognagar, Vanz, Surat – Palsana Road,Surat – 394230, Gujarat – India. Email: smspinning@gmail.com Office: +91-261-2391200
BRAND FOCUS REPORT OF ALT BOOTH AT GTE-2015 FROM 28TH FEB TO 3RD MAR The ALT booth was always jam packed with customers seeking technology to improve both quality and productivity. Equipment manufacturers from various parts of the world combined with our highly trained technical staff offered total assistance to customers to find solutions. We recorded the highest traffic in the ALT booth and also the highest business
Mr. Sanjay Gulati, Managing Director Of M/S. Growel Impex, Noida With Mr. Raman Khanna, Vice President ALT Delhi, Admiring the latest and state of the art Swantex model: SW-7200 SID V- Single needle synchronized integrated Direct Drive lock stitcher with auto thread trimmer and auto presser foot lifter with thread controller, auto back tack, full control panel for 65% power saving, 50% thread saving and 60% increase in productivity. M/s. Growel Impex is 100% user of Swantex Direct Drive equipment which has brought operator comfort and income exceeding Rs. 24,000 per month.
Complete display of Eastman Cutting machines of Eastman Model EC-700N Band knife cutting machine including Model 629 X 8� Straight Knife Cloth cutting machine, Model 8627 X 8� Heavy duty cloth cutting machine, Model EC3N-L Manual end cutter & Model EC-45 Round knife cutting machine
BROTHER MODEL S-7000DD SINGLE NEEDLE DIRECT DRIVE MACHINE 22
TEXTILE VALUE CHAIN |APRIL- 2015 www.textilevaluechain.com
More than 2500 Installations...
VM 502
VM 5002
Battery Operated Warp Beam Carrier
Warp Beam Carrier
VM 504 / 505
VM 506 / 507
VM 508
Top Beam Carrier With or Without Heald Frame Support
Twin Warp Beam Carrier With or Without Heald Support
Cloth Roll Doffer Carrier
VM 503 Warp Beam Carrier With Heald Frame Support
Global Presence
Russia
Uzbekistan
Turkey
Vietnam Ethiopia
VM 509
VM 400
VM 401
Pallet Truck For Warp Beam
Cloth Roll Stocker Trolley
Beam Stocker
Indonesia
Brazil Mauritius
E-mail : sales@rabatex.com l www.rabatex.com Plot No. 559, Road No. 9, G.I.D.C. Kathwada, Ahmedabad - 382 430. Gujarat (India) Ph : +91-79-22901367/68/69/70, Fax : +91-79-22901374
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THE SHIFTING ECONOMICS OF TEXTILE MANUFACTURING Mr.Harish Chatterjee, VP- Manufacturing
India is said to be the next big influence in the global textile market. Through the article you will understand how the shift in economies will take place in India and what factors shall influence Indian textile industry to touch $500 billion mark by 2025. A Decade ago, China’s polyester industry had seen tacticaladvancements and observed several commercial augmentationswhich led to enormous investment cycles making a profound impact on the rest of the world. China now exports over $280billion which contributes to 45% of the total world trade. It has always been perceived as a low cost region. But this worldview now pops up to be outmoded. Years of steady change in wages, productivity, currency values, and other factors are quietly but dramatically redrawing the map of manufacturing cost competitiveness in china and allowing space for other potential markets like INDIA.
India has been a promising economy in textiles and the domestic consumption growth has been astounding with 13% CAGR in the last 5 years. We always had the benefit of demography in populationand mainly the deep rooted organized retail. The industry is an amalgamation with more than 30 companies over $200 million turnover and a 100 more facing issues with economies of scale but look promising in the future. India, currently clutches a 5.2% share in global export (T&A) and will be targeting to double the share in the next 10 years to be on par with the china metrics. India has been conventional manufacturer for cotton products but lately the industry has experienced increase in prices of cotton fabric. Therefore, forcing the manufacturers to shift majorly towards manmade fibers (MMF).
Polyester consumption is predominantly flourishing and will maintain the trend. Polyester find its uses in apparel, industrial textile, home textile etc. The advancement of fiber consumption in India looks encouraging due to several factors like youth population into sportswear and increase in automobile/ aviation sectors also pushes the MMF consumption for seats, covers, airbags etc.
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The existence of indigenous textile goods is minuscule in many product categories. Few MMF goods like jerseys, pullovers, cardigans etc. are traded over $200 bn whereas India contributes only 0.19% i.e. $385Mn to the collective trade. There are many product categories yet to be tapped by Indian textile manufacturers which shall result in augmented growth of the industry.
They have set the benchmark. India has to hit the bar by revamping its value chain at every single stage, right from staple fiber production to end product. As per the studies by leading advisors of textile sector: a) The current Indian Manufacturers have to scale up the capacities for fiber production and there shall be penetration of International players investing alone or have Joint ventures with Indian industry giants. b) Textile industry will record changes in infrastructure with investments in knitting and weaving for producing complex fiber materials. c) There shall be several tie ups with international partners for improvement in processes.
Latest study on the textile sector also reflects that Indian yarn Manufacturers are competitive globally and are adaptive to scaling. They shall meet the demand growth when required. Whereas the manufacturing firms should focus on design and product development aspects. These two will play a crucial role in multiplying the demand growth of the company. “Indian Textile Manufacturing should be geared up for several foreign investments, joint ventures and scaling manufacturing economies on Man Made Fiber products”.
FORM IV 1. Place of publication : 2.
Mumbai
Periodicity of its publication : Monthly
3. Printer’s Name: Nationality: Address:
Impression Graphics Indian Gala No. 13, Shivai Industrial Estate, Shivai Industrial Estate, Behind McDonald, Andheri – KurlaRoad,Andheri (East), Mumbai- 400072, Maharashtra, INDIA.
4. Publisher’s Name: Nationality: Address:
Ms. Jigna Shah Indian 189/5263, Sanmati, Pantnagar, Ghatkopar(East), Mumbai- 400075. Maharashtra, INDIA.
5. Editor’s Name Nationality Address
Ms. Jigna Shah Indian 189/5263, Sanmati, Pantnagar, Ghatkopar(East), Mumbai- 400075. Maharashtra, INDIA.
6.
Names and addresses of individuals who own the newspaper and partners or shareholders holding more than one per cent of the total capital.: N.A.
I, Jigna Shah hereby declare that the particulars given above are true to the best of my Knowledge and belief. Date: 1st April, 2015.
Signature of Publisher
“Deep Focus on strengthening the textile and apparel value chain shall extract maximum benefits in the textile industry”. China and its counterparts like Taiwan & South Korea have been the market leaders in MMF sector since years.
TEXTILE VALUE CHAIN |APRIL- 2015 www.textilevaluechain.com
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TEXTILE TESTING & TECHNICAL SERVICES TEXTILE TESTING & TECHNICAL SERVICES TEXTILE TESTING & TECHNICAL SERVICES TEXTILE TESTING & TECHNICAL SERVICES TEXTILE TESTING & TECHNICAL SERVICES TEXTILE TESTING & TECHNICAL SERVICES TEXTILE TESTING & TECHNICAL SERVICES TEXTILE TESTING & TECHNICAL SERVICES TEXTILE TESTING & TECHNICAL SERVICES
POST SHOW REPORT 4TH HOMETEX TECH EXPO PANIPAT 2015 CONCLUDE WITH MOST POSITIVE NOTE. Highlights-
What exhibitors said ?
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“Hometex Tech expo Panipat is definitely the most comprehensive exhibition for us in India as regards to both the visitor and the quality of the visitors “An excellent show
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No signs of slow down
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Huge turnout more than ever
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Rassel displayed first time
Decision makers welcome new technology
Mr. Brijesh Garg, Managing Director, Shrutex Overseas, Panipat
Rajesh Kumar, Narinder international, Ludhiana
“This was our 3rd year of participation and it’s great to see how the show has grown up ,.’’ Keep it up. Mr Amarjeet singh of B K International Ludhiana.
“We presented our latest range of yarns for the Indian market besides this I held several interesting discussions and made new contacts. Mr. Sukhvinder Malik, Friends Engineering works, Panipat- is the ideal forum to communicate our message. We look forward to continue Mr. Sourabh Chug of Sahaan International, Panipat The 4th edition of home textile machinery exhibition Hometex Tech Expo has drawn unexpected visitors, leading textile manufacturers and exporters . It was held at the Annaj Mandi, Panipat from 20th to 22nd March 2015.
“ This was our first participation in this exhibition and we had very good enquiries all together. India is an important market with a great deal of potential, so it’s a commitment for us to be here. We had more professional visitors here in this exhibition . Mr. Amit Sindhwani Ideal Textile solutions, Panipat
“Hometex Tech expo shows good interest of existing customers but also gives opportunities to meet and discuss with new potential customers. Mr. Sumit Gupta, Balaji Sewing machines, New Delhi-
Exhibition was inaugurated by Sri Susheel Gupta Managing Director GG Spuntex, Panipat . At the time of inauguration Sri Gupta said that this exhibition has set standards for co-operation and brought latest technology for industrialists and a wide range of possibilities that has attracted many. Representatives of various associations also viewed latest machinery and systems According to the organizer latest machineries and accessories has drawn attention of Panipat Textile Manufacturers . Speaking at the press the organizer Mr. Rajesh Sinha told that this is the fourth & the biggest exhibition included few untouched segments of the industry which no one has even looked.. Explaining further, he said that currently the textile machinery industry report card is looking much better as compared to the previous two years.
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“We had very high-quality visitors including genuine buyers. I heard about this exhibition but could not participate in last two editions so this time we are here. I am happy to participate in this exhibition . It’s a very good experience. Mr. Bansal , Bansal Belts & Bearings P. Ltd. Panipat
“We feel that new energy is coming back to the industry, and we hope that this trade fair will grow very fast
Mr. Navneet , R D Datta & Co. P. Ltd. New Delhi is a very relevant show for the industry. Being here is a brand-building exercise as relevant people – the decision-makers – are here. Mr. Sachin Sachan, Engineers International, Panipat –
Hometex Tech expo has evolved into a trade fair that has more than justified itself. Visitors were present at this year’s fair and number of small and medium-sized enterprises have increased considerably. The fair proved yet again that the brand is a driving force for users of construction machinery and has set standards for the Indian market.
POST SHOW REPORT TEXTILE EXPO – 2015 SURAT HELD ON 20TH - 22ND MARCH 2015 A New Growth Engine for Textile Engineering Industry Textile Expo-2015 SURAT by Textile Graph Publication in Surat(since 1994) created a historic event for Textile Engineering Industry in India & overseas. This expo mainly focused on Weaving, Yarn Preparatory, Fabric Dyeing, Printing & Finishing – Value Addition& Digital Printing Machineries, Yarn and Furnishing fabrics exhibitorsfrom Surat, all corners of India, China, Korea, Germany & Italy. This time Textile Expo-2015 SURAT was held at SIECC (Surat International Exhibition & Convention Centre) considered to be India’s No. Expo Centre having many world class facilities.
Good flow of visitors from Surat and all parts of the country visited this Biggest Textile Machinery Show on the soil of Surat which is considered India’s No. 1 Textile city for Man Made Textiles. Considering the huge visitor flow this expo was continued till late into evening from the 1st day till 3rd day even after closing time of the exhibition. The event was inaugurated by Mr. Niranjan Zanzmera , Mayor of Surat City, Mr.
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By Mr. Kirti Shah, Textile World Textile industry waiting for new textile policy, as textile exporters are not happy with current policy. South spinning mills gives new rates at every 1st to 5th of month, now 40’s count have good market, but money crisis is hindering the purchase. fabric suppliers are not supplying new fabrics to garmenter, who had failed to pay last 6 months payments. On other side, garmenter not paying, due to non supply, so its vicious cycle in the market. Fashion fabrics, new age trends have good demands. But few mills have old managers who, traditionally work, that is dangerous sign for mills. Fabric traders buying garments from china, Bangladesh, Singapore and copying for making samples. Lack of Original creativity / Innovation will affect the market in the long run. In Ahmedabad market, fashion become FAD in just 2 months. If one innovator, invent something new, copy of that is so fast and immediate that, after 2 months, it becomes mass market & FAD the market. Good demand for dobby fabrics, cotton linen & 100% linen. Pakistan, China’s economy is down. Home furnishing business is diverted to India. Garment business is still competitive, as Bangladesh, China, Srilanka is a duty free country.
Rajnikant Bachkaniwala, Ex. Chairman India ITME Society and Mr Pramod Chandra Chaudhary leading textile industrialist and exporter were Guests of Honors.
Number of repeat as well as first time products was displayed & new technology launched at Textile Expo-2015 SURAT.Mr. Niranjan Zanzmera , Mayor of Surat City, Mr. Rajnikant Bachkaniwala, Ex. Chairman India ITME Society and Mr Pramod Chandra Chaudhary personally visited each exhibitor and appreciated the display of each machinery & technology. After very successful 1stedition of Textile Expo-2013 SURAT (in December 2013) this 2nd edition of Textile Expo-2015 SURAT has grown in stature and prestige beyond expectation with 130 Exhibitors, 5 Countries more than 30,000 visitors, 10 Media partners, 3 educations institutions and more than 20 supporting associations & organization made this event a GRAND SUCCESS. Textile Expo-2015 SURAT, 2nd edition proved to be an excellent example of the planned effortsTextile Graph Publication existing since 1994.
FABRIC REPORT Price Trend • Satin – air jet loom 40/30, 180/90 finish 58’’ mill price Rs. 118, Market price Rs. 130/135 • Satin- 40/50, mill price Rs. 149, Market Price Rs. 160 • Satin – 40/20, mill price Rs. 106, Market Price Rs. 120 • Satin / Lycra, mill price Rs. 96/97, Market Price Rs. 110 • Color Poplin- Airjet loom 40/40, 132/172 , 58’’ mill price Rs. 81 • Yarn dyed checks : 40/40, 120/80, 61’’ grey cost Rs. 100, current market price Rs. 78, finished cost current market price Rs. 105 • Poplin- 40/40, 120/100, liza finish 58’’, mill rate Rs. 98, market price Rs. 110 • Denim price reduced 5 to 7% • Grey fabric, Sulzer, 30/30, 124/64, 63’’ twill grey price Rs. 63 • Grey fabric, powerloom, 30/30, 68/64, 63’’, price Rs. 39 • Sulzer, 16/12, 96/48 drill 63’’ grey price rs. 62 • Sulzer, grey 16/12, 84/26, 47’’ price rs. 36 • Sulzer, 20/20, 60/60, 63’’ grey price Rs. 42 TEXTILE VALUE CHAIN |APRIL- 2015 www.textilevaluechain.com
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POST EVENT REPORT GTC SUCCESSFULLY ORGANIZED WITH OVERWHELMING DELEGATE RESPONSE The Textile Association (India) with the support of Thailand Convention & Exhibition Bureau (TCEB) organized Global Textile Congress at Bangkok on 13th to 15th February, 2015 to develop lasting business relations between countries producing textile fibres, fabrics, machineries and carrying out extensive research in all related areas. The theme of Congress “Global Textile – Opportunities and Challenges in an Integrated World” was very meticulously selected to garner knowledge and expertise of galaxy of eminent speakers of world fame. This international event was conceived two years ago and tremendous efforts were made to achieve success. The Textile Association (India) clocked a key milestone in its history with the organization of the first ever Global Textile Conference (GTC) in Bangkok. The 3-day GTC has successfully organized with an overwhelming delegate response from not only from India but also from other Asian nations, including Thailand.
that India was a leading textile producer country and it has significantlyachieved the entire value chain of textile’s capacity building.
Also India has significantly createdhigh quality of educationinstitutions in various fieldsparticularly in textile. In thisregard, most textile institutes allover India have been producinghighly skilled manpower toserver Indian textile industry andother related industries operatedby Indian textile manufacturers’at all levels, Thailand IndustryAt the inauguration Minister noted.
Mr. Phasulavanich was confident that the GTC would bringlot understanding between Thais and Indian textile industry at alllevels including textile education in textile and apparel sector. TheGTC will provide an opportunity to gain mutual interest and developcloser relations with Thailand textile industry and further upgradeto Thailand - India Business Partnerships, he emphasized.Thai Ministry seek creation of opportunities in field of textile and apparel education This international conference has addressed important issues related to Textile Industry in Middle East, West Africa, Far East region including China, Indonesia, South Korea, Japan, Singapore and Hong Kong including India. Global Textile Congress assumed tremendous distinction for providing a springboard to the textile industry in India to reach out to other nations with recognition.
Mr. ArvindSinha, National President delivering his welcome speech
The Conference was inaugurated by Chief Guest H.E. ChakramonPhasukavanich, Industry Minister, Government of Kingdom of Thailand along with Guest of HonourH.E. Harsh VardhanSringla, Honorable Ambassador of India to the Kingdom of Thailand. MrsMamtaVerma, Industries Commissioner, Office of the Industries Commisionerate, Govt. of Gujarat, Mr. SomsakSrisuponvanit, Executive Director, The National Federation of Thailand Textile Industries, Mrs. MayureeDidpakdeechol,Director of Thailand Institute and Chairman of Thai Man-made Fibre Industry Association, Thailandand other leading dignitaries on the dais joined the inaugural function.
They strongly felt and hoped that this International conference would definitely create a positive and congenial global environment which would eventually pave the way for new Global Projects and assignments engaging the technocrats, experts, businessmen, traders and officers from all these 18 countries and would attain high standard of networking between these nations. This would also facilitate in achieving excellence in the area of productivity, manufacturing, marketing, innovations, research and developments in textiles and that the results as well interactions would be beneficial to the participants at large. Dr. M.D. Teli, Paper Committee Chairman, Ms. MayureeDidpakdeechol, THTI and Prof. Samir Kharkhanis from WeSchool all have contributed tremendously towards the conference.
At the inauguration ceremony, Mr. Phasulavanich sought for creation of opportunity for exchange programme between Thailand -India Education institutions’ for higher education in the field of textile and apparel sector, which would lead to mutual benefits for the two nations in the long run. The Thailand IndustryMinister noted that the textile industry has been recently facingtough time everywhere in the world and it was no doubt that textileindustry was the largest industrial sector employing millions ofworkers across the world. 32
In terms of textile industry, Mr. Phasulavanich noted TEXTILE VALUE CHAIN |APRIL- 2015 www.textilevaluechain.com
H.E. Harsh VardhanSringla, Honorable Ambassador of India to the Kingdom of Thailand Lightening the lamp at the inaugural function
POST EVENT REPORT The SDC EC successfully organised Its 11th International Conference themed “Innovations for Sustainable Textile Production … Connecting the Dots” On Friday, 20th February 2015 at The Lalit, Mumbai, The Society of Dyers and Colourists, India (SDC EC) organised its 11th International Conference themed “Innovations for Sustainable Textile Production… Connecting the Dots”
Session II •
Supporters: The conference was supported by Archroma India Pvt. Ltd., Colourtex Industries Ltd., Britacel Silicones Ltd., CHT (India) Pvt. Ltd, Dystar India Pvt. Ltd., Jay Chemical Industries Ltd., Bureau Veritas Consumer Products Services (India) Pvt. Ltd, CU Inspections & Certifications India Pvt. Ltd, Levi Strauss & Co., Novozymes South Asia Pvt. Ltd, Mesdan S.p.A. and Europrogetti srl.
Sustainable Innovation-Waterless Dyeing -Mr. Ernst Siewers (Dyecoo) Dycoo being a leader in Carbon dioxide based dyeing, He also touched upon global water scarcity and explained science of waterless dyeing. 3-D Printing: An Emerging Technology -Mr. Kiran Prayagi (Graphic Arts Technology & Education) about 3-D Modelling which is normally called 3D printing. updates on software, printers and applications areas of this technique. New indices and tools to address sustainability challenges -Mr Prasad Pant (NimkarTek Technical Services Pvt. Ltd.) Mr. Pant spoke about several international tools to measure sustainability impacts of production and processing techneques.
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Delegates: Over 200 delegates from Brands, Process houses, Retailers and textile and coloration industry from India, U.K., Sri Lanka attended the conference. Key Note Address: Mr. Punit Lalbhai, Executive Director, Arvind Ltd. gave the Key Note Address in the conference.
Mr. Lalbhai listed the key factors that will drive growth -higher farmer incomes, cost saving, yield improvement, liquidity and transparency, capacity building, lasting social infrastructure and profitable value-chain integration. He also spoke on the breakthrough innovations of affordable Zero liquid discharge through biological and chemical methods. Speakers Presentation:
Session I
• Selecting Sustainable Fibres -Dr. Binay Kumar Choudhury (CUICIPL) Dr. Choudhury spoke about implementation of the principles of health, ecology, fairness and care. He opined that organic fibres are the best option in the field of sustainable fibres and also spoke on other sustainability programs in fibres. He gave detailed overview of Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) of different fibres and also spoke on benefits to the Brands by switching to sustainable fibres. • Natural Waste -Based Colorants and Balancing the Cost of Sustainable Production-Mr. Paul Cowell (Archroma) natural waste based colourants or Earth Colours and how to balance the cost of sustainability. One Way Calculator that enables fast and informed decision-making based on precise data measurement and analysis. • Innovations in Enzymes -Mr. Jayant Khera (Novozymes South Asia Pvt. Ltd.) Mr. Khera stated that Enzymes are used practically in everything in our daily lives. Speaking on bio¬polishing, he gave an example of the Stay New Concept which is used as a combi-process. He also highlighted the application of low temperature cellulose, low temperature Amylase in bleaching and dyeing of denim.
Session III
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Liquid Waste Management-Mr. Sandeep Patel (Arvind Enviro) much appreciated by the audience. Denim -The Way Forward -Mr. Szilard Szarvas (LS & Co) denim’s present and future markets and trends in this industry. Sustainability and Future Trends in Denim -Mr. Sai Navneethan (Jeanologia) Mr. Sai spoke on sustainability, compliance and traceability in enim industry. We need advanced technology and better techniques but also a tool to measure the impact. He also mentioned a case study done using Environment Impact Measuring (EIM) Software which will help measure water, energy and the cost of chemicals. Giving the example of waterless dyeing and TRU-BLU range of denims, he said that in the future, this will drive the change to give value added products.
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COTTON REPORT MR. MANISH DAGA DIRECTOR OF CONTTON GURU TEXTILE TECHNOLOGIST
However, if the CCI times its domestic sale badly, then prices could come under pressure.
INDIA ARRVALS ( AS ON DATE 31.3.2015 State wise Arrivals
2013-14 (Lac bales)
2014-15 (Lac bales)
Haryana
19.57
17.38
Rajasthan
13.09
16.50
Gujarat
88.08
75.96
Maharashtra
63.26
61.10
M. P.
17.02
15.27
Telangana
2.30
53.07
Karnataka
20.89
22.57
Orissa
3.54
3.13
Other
1.51
4.56
312.59
304.23
Punjab
Total
20.25
10.36
Daily arrivals have dropped to about 54000 bales (170 kg each).Major arrivals are in Gujarat (25000 bales), Andhra-Telangana (8000 bales), Maharashtra (6000 bales).
Weather:
There have been reports of unseasonal rains and hailstorms in many parts of India, specially Northern India causing considerable damage to the Rabi (winter sowing) crop.
Domestic Market Summary:
Textile Commissioner Kiran Soni Gupta has stated that cotton exports from India, the world’s biggest producer and seller, are expected to fall 41% to 7 million bales this season. In absence of China, the country will have to raise sales to Bangladesh, Pakistan and Vietnam that together account for about 40 % of the total exports currently. The commissioner is of the view that India is least 5 cents a pound cheaper than US cotton and 2-3 cents than African cotton. Lower shipping charges to nearby destinations give India an added advantage. India may get advantage if demand from China picks up as there is not much cotton left with US for exports, whereas India has sufficient stocks & price is competitive too. Exports have begun to pick up as the Indian cotton has become the competitive in the global market from February-end. Cotton yield is expected to decline 10 % to 511 kgs per ha this season as against 565.7 kgs per ha during previous season. Thus the increase in area will be offset by the decrease in the yield. Mr. B K Mishra, CMD of CCI, said area under cotton will continue to rise. Only concern is falling yield. He does not foresee any threat in terms of diversion of sowing area as any other cash crop offers as much returns as cotton does.
Yarn: Demand in cotton yarn has shown improvement. Raw material prices have started crawling up. The mills, world over, are experiencing acute shortage of quality cotton. The low demand for cotton yarn in international markets is already keeping the mill capacity utilisation low at 80 %.
IndexBox Marketing has just published its report: “World: Cotton Yarn - Market Report. Analysis and Forecast to 2020,” noting that the global cotton yarn market, after gradual increases over the period 2009-2011, experienced a slight decline in 2012-2013, depressing the market to 24.4 million tons. In 2013, however, in value terms the market value decreased by 5% to 69.4 billion USD, which is far below the highest level recorded in 2011 (74. billion USD). China, India, Pakistan and the USA together accounted for approximately 57% of global cotton yarn consumption. Global growth in cotton yarn market is expected to slow to 4.8% (currently +5.4%), amidst sluggish consumer demand. In the past, cotton yarn consumption was fueled by rising purchasing power, especially among developed countries, but this engine of growth is now under pressure from the current economic slowdown.The share of India increased from 17% in 2007 to 34% percentage point in 2013, the share of China illustrated negative dynamics (-2 percentage point). Cotton Corporation of India (CCI)
Cotton prices increased on the back of speculative buying in the futures market Demand in the spot market was steady. Traders said that due to rise in global market prices, there was speculative buying in domestic futures which mainly supported the cotton price. Prices of seed cotton also improved as demand from ginners increased. Domestic cotton prices could rule bullish in the medium term. 34
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The Cotton Corporation of India (CCI) has so far purchased over 8.6 million bales (170 kg each) of cotton.CCI might purchase another 0.5 to 0.7 million bales in the 201415 cotton season. Of this, about 0.3 million bales have been liquidated by the CCI. Most of the mills said they had stock for three-to-four weeks, but purchasing cotton at a premium amid low profitability was pinching them. They want CCI to intervene so that cotton prices do not rise any further.
COTTON REPORT As CCI has procured nearly 25% of the total crop this year, its intervention will boost the condition of the mills.
The millers are also concerned about the fact that cotton loses its moisture content in summer, leading to weight loss. This loss is recovered in monsoon, thanks to high atmospheric humidity. So CCI might not offload the stock before the onset of monsoon. While large mills have reserves and stocks in place, small mills might have to face lean production days in the wake of delay in CCIs decision. International Market:
Pakistan: With the fast depletion of domestic cotton supplies on the ready market and tighter tone also prevailing at foreign origins, lint prices are presently depicting a firm disposition. We thus see fewer chances any significant drop in domestic cotton prices, even through yarn prices are not responding well to the rise in cotton prices. Several mills in Pakistan claim that their yarns are not selling satisfactorily. The raining may cause a delay in sowing new cotton crop. The situation encouraged many textile mill owners to take fresh positions in the commodity to keep their mills running even if the crop is delayed.
Vietnam: China’s reduction of yarn imports may result in slow down of Vietnam’s cotton consumption growth rate in 2015-16. Even assuming a reduction in yarn exports to China, Vietnam is most likely to cement its place as the world’s third-ranked cotton importer, behind China and Bangladesh.
US: Merchants report the delay in cotton shipments from America’s West Coast is having a major influence on U.S. cotton exports. Chinese demand for high-grade U.S. cotton has been hot since March, but high-quality U.S. SM styles R not available in heavy volumes.& Australia cotton for nearby shipment are simply unobtainable with the 2015 crop offered well above mills’ price ideas. Bangladesh: Bangladesh, the world’s second largest cotton importer, had invited buyers and sellers to a two-day global summit from next Friday to help support its textile and clothing exports. The sector accounted for $24 billion of Bangladesh’s $25 billion of goods exports in the fiscal year to end-June 2014. Bangladesh has to import more than 90 % or 5.5 million bales of cotton annually.
China: The overall import business has been inactive after the Lunar New Year. For one thing, there is no extra quota for Chinese mills except 894,000 tons of WTOmandated import quota. Huge stockpiles, weak Chinese demand pose threat for cotton. This is amidst a fading demand from China. The country’s cotton policies and import restrictions can keep up the pressure on prices.
Important Reports: USDA:
The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA’s) first 2015/16 world cotton projection was released at the World Agricultural Outlook Forum on February 22. Global consumption will exceed production, leading to a reduc-
tion in global stocks for the first time in six years, although stocks will remain near historic highs. Responding to continuing low prices, world consumption is projected to exceed production by 3 million bales, drawing world stocks down to about 107 million bales, the equivalent of 92 % of projected global consumption. With most of the world’s stock drawdown occurring in China, ending stocks in other countries are reduced only slightly. The A-Index is expected to remain near its current level. U.S. cotton production is pegged at 14.0 million bales for 2015/16 as producers are expected to reduce planted area by about 12 %. Domestic mill use is projected marginally above the 2014/15 level and exports are projected marginally lower, leaving ending stocks nearly unchanged. Outside of China and the United States, production is expected to decline while mill use is forecast to increase. Both trends are largely influenced by low cotton prices. On May 12, USDA will release its first global, country-by-country production, supply, and demand forecasts. ICAC:
Although the price of cotton is less attractive than its competing crops, such as wheat, maize, soy, rice and sugar, compared with a year ago, its position has improved in the last few months. The record volume of cotton stocks has put downward pressure on international cotton prices, which have averaged around 68-70 cents/lb for much of the season. The recent gain in the price attractiveness of cotton may mitigate the loss in area to competing crops. World cotton area is forecast to decrease 7% to 31.3 million hectares in 2015/16, and world production is projected down 9% to 24 million tons.
World production in 2014/15 is estimated at 26.4 million tons, up 1% from the previous season, while world average yield decreased 2% to 791 kg/ha. In India, area grew 5% to 12.3 million hectares in 2014/15, which is the largest area planted with cotton on record. However, erratic monsoon weather last summer caused India’s average yield to fall 5% to 551 kg/ha. As a result, production reached 6.7 million tons, about 20,000 tons fewer than in 203/14. Harvested area in the United States grew 29% to 3.9 million hectares, and production increased 26% to 3.5 million tons. In contrast, the area in China, Pakistan and Brazil decreased in 2014/15. After reaching 5.5 million hectares in 2011/12, the area under cotton in China has dropped in each of the subsequent seasons, despite high domestic prices, and is estimated at 4.3 million hectares in 2014/15, down 8% from 2013/14. Scarcity of labor, rising production costs, and greater profitability from other crops are among the factors that have discouraged farmers from planting cotton in China. China’s cotton production is estimated at 6.4 million tons in 2014/15. Although planted area in Pakistan increased slightly from 2013/14 to 2.9 million hectares, flooding in the autumn caused a loss of around 86,000 hectares so that harvested area decreased 3% to 2.8 million hectares. However, greatly improved yield is likely to push production to 2.3 million tons. Farmers in Brazil were discouraged by the sudden drop in international prices in the months before planting, and area in Brazil fell 13% to 976,000 hectares. Production is proTEXTILE VALUE CHAIN |APRIL- 2015 www.textilevaluechain.com
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COTTON REPORT jected down 11% to just over 1.5 million tons.
After falling 1% in 2013/14, world consumption is projected to expand 3% to 24.1 million tons in 2014/15 with growth in Asia dominating. China’s consumption is expected to recover 5% to 7.9 million tons after several seasons of decline. India, the world’s second largest consumer is projected to increase consumption by 4% to 5.2 million tons while consumption in Pakistan is forecast to grow 2% to 2.3 million tons, making it the third largest consumer in the world. In 2015/16, consumption is expected to grow modestly by 2% to 24.6 million tons. World imports are forecast down 15% to 7.4 million tons in 2014/15 with imports by the world’s largest importer, China, expected to drop 50% to 1.5 million tons due to the greater availability of domestic cotton in 2014/15 and the restriction on additional import quota in 2015. Although consumption is recovering in 2014/15, a production surplus of 2.3 million tons is likely, resulting in another year of rising ending stocks. In 2014/15, world ending cotton stocks are expected to rise by 12% to 21.8 million tons, which represents 90% of world consumption this season. However, in 2015/16, ending stocks may decrease by 3% to 21.2 million tons.
Technical Reports: 1.
ICE COTTON
ICE Futures cracked sharply from 97 in April 2014 to 57 in Jan 2015; 41% correction in 9 Months. First signs of supply being arrested visible in the form of five back to back weekly gains of 17% starting from late Jan low. 72-74 seems possible in medium term which would be key hurdle. 57 remains a key medium term bottom support, below which correction can resume again. Long term charts does suggest Cotton taking very strong supports if 50 levels tested. Remains buy for medium to long term. 2.
MCX COTTON
Cotton Association of India (CAI):
The Cotton Association of India has urged the Cotton Corporation of India, which procures cotton as part of the Government’s Minimum Support Price programme, to formulate a policy to offload the stock in the market. CCI needs to start making sales aggressively as they still hold a substantial portion of cotton procured by them this
season.
If the entire quantity of cotton held by the CCI is to be sold during this season (i.e. by September 30), then it has to offload about 1.5 million bales every month. CAI has opined that there is a strong risk of triggering support price operations in the next season also if too much of stock is carried for long. Cotton Advisory Board (CAB):
CAB State Wise 2014-15 Estimated Production :( Lakh bales)
CAB Balance Sheet as estimated as on 31/3/15 (201415): Opening Stock 32.00 lakh bls, Crop 390.00, Imports 8.00, Total Supply 430.00.Mill Consumption 278.0 CAB Balance Sheet as estimated as on 31/3/15 (2014-15):Non-mill Consumption15.00, Exports 70.00, Total Demand 390.00, Closing Stock 40.00 36
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Corrective dips to 14600 did come about as anticipated and conveyed, the same was advised to buy in last newsletter. Strong northwards momentum now expected above 15550 now. MCX Cotton remains positive in short term till it holds above 14600 areas. Bias remains positive in short term, buy in dips advisable. Bears should look to short only below 14570. 3.
ACE COTTON
KEY SUPPORTS 30610-29910
KEY RESISTANCES 32760-33390
MARKET REPORT
REFERENCE : http://www.grandviewresearch.com/
STAPLES PP (POLYPROPYLENE) NONWOVEN FABRIC MARKET ANALYSIS BY APPLICATION (HYGIENE, INDUSTRIAL, MEDICAL, GEOTEXTILES, FURNITURE, CARPET, AGRICULTURE) AND SEGMENT FORECASTS TO 2020 INDUSTRY INSIGHTS Global staples PP nonwoven fabric market demand was 1,835 kilo tons in 2012. Staples PP nonwoven fabric market has witnessed a surge in demand owing to its increasing use for manufacturing hygiene products such as diapers, feminine hygiene products, adult incontinence and wipes. Growing population in Asia Pacific region has boosted the sale of consumer disposable products such as baby diapers and feminine hygiene products. This trend is expected to complement global staples PP nonwoven fabric market growth. Staples PP nonwoven fabrics have been gaining popularity in automotive, construction and geotextiles industries owing its tensile strength and durability. Growth of these industries in emerging markets of Asia Pacific and Latin America are expected to have a positive impact on staples PP nonwoven market over the forecast period. Ageing population mainly in Japan, Western Europe and U.S. have been major factors driving the demand for adult incontinence products which in turn is expected to augment the market growth over the next six years. Stringent environmental regulations on account of increasing concerns regarding PP degradability and recyclability are expected to pose challenges to market participants. Uncertainties in crude oil reserves and fluctuating petrochemical prices have been major factors for the volatility in propylene prices which in turn are expected to affect the market in terms of raw material supply. In order to confront these challenges, the industry has shifted its focus towards developing bio-based polypropylene which is expected to serve as a major opportunity for market participants over the next six years. Global Staples PP Nonwoven Fabric Market Volume, by Application, 2012-2020
Application Insights Key applications of staples PP nonwoven fabric can be classified as disposable and durable applications. This report segments staples PP nonwoven fabrics application market into industrial, hygiene, furniture, medical, agriculture, carpet and geotextiles among other applications that include apparel, automotive and construction. Hygiene emerged as the leading application for staples PP nonwoven fabric and accounted for over one-third of total market volume in 2013. Hygiene applications include baby diapers, feminine hygiene products, adult incontinence, wipes etc. Ageing population in Japan, U.S., Canada, UK, Russia and other Western European countries are expected to drive the demand for adult incontinence products which in turn is expected to drive staples PP nonwoven demand in hygiene applications. High birth rates in North African countries and Middle East are expected to further drive staples PP nonwoven fabric demand in baby diapers. Regional Insights
Asia Pacific region dominated the global staples PP nonwoven fabric market and accounted for over 40% of total market volume in 2013 and is expected to remain the largest consumer for next six years. Middle East on the other hand is a relatively small market and is expected to be the most attractive region for staples PP nonwoven fabric market over the next six years. Middle East is expected to grow at a steady rate over the next six years. Western Europe and North America are relatively mature markets, thus are expected to grow at relatively lower growth rates over the forecast period. Competitive Insights
The global staples PP nonwoven fabric market is highly fragmented within top few participants. Companies are involved in widespread R&D in order to achieve product innovation. The market has been witnessing M&A by large companies in order to gain market share. In 2014, Polymer Group acquired 71.25% of capital stock in Companhia Providência Indústria e Comércio, a Brazilian manufacturer of nonwovens. Moreover, manufacturers are shifting their focus towards expanding production capacities in Asia Pacific in order to cater to the growing demand in the region. In 2013, Polymer Group Inc. has started expanding its manufacturing facility in Nanhai, China. Large companies have been acquiring smaller companies in the quest to minimize competition and increase market share. Some of the leading companies operating in the global market include, Fibertex, AVGOL, Kimberly-Clark, Fiberweb, First Quality, Toray, Mitsui and PGI among some other companies.
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INTERVIEW THE ART OF CAPTAINCY ...
Rapid Strides by the Garment Industry by 2 to 3%. As a result, retailers faced untold challenges in disposing of the stocks particularly of bread and butter qualities.This resulted in long delays in receiving payments from retailers.With great persuasion and the recent united effort by CMAI, the problem has been some what brought under control.
Mr. Rahul Mehta Chairman, Clothing Manufacturers Association of India
C
redit goes to Shri Rahul Mehta for induction of Modern Management Techniques into the garment industry. After bagging Masters in Business Administration with distinction from a highly reputed Business School, he joined a leading Multi National Firm and rose rapidly to be the National Sales Manager before opting to become an Entrepreneur in the nascent Garment Industry in 1982.
The gamble paid off and he grew with the garment industry, which has become the most significant segment of the textile industry. He climbed the ladder of success at a fast rate and right now he oversees the interests of the world garment industry in his capacity as President of the International Apparel Federation based in Netherlands. He is also the Chairman of the Clothing Manufacturers Association of India. Besides, he is on various Government Committees. Had Mr. Rahul Mehta not joined the garment industry, he might have become an Actor on the Gujarati theatre. Even now his first love is theatre, but he is also keenly interested in cricket, and he freely uses all cricket techniques to bowl over his opponents. In an interview to a representative of this magazine, he airs out, among other things, his views on the complex relationship between textile and garment industries. Excerpts from the interview are given below:-Editorial advisor ]
TVC: As you are aware raw material prices are decreasing, whether of cotton or crude oil, but still garment prices are not decreasing and hence at Retail level there is no increase in sales. Is that so? RM: It is important to note that the garment industry is the last point in the Production Chain, and we are totally dependent on the prices offered by our Fabric suppliers. Although many Consumers have been expecting a drop in Garment prices, pursuant to the fall of the order of 20-25% in cotton prices, we have not been able to either receive or pass on such discounts since the there is hardly any drop in the prices of our main Raw Material - Fabric. Only if fabric prices go down by 10%, garment prices may go down 38
TEXTILE VALUE CHAIN |APRIL- 2015 www.textilevaluechain.com
At the same time, cognizance needs to be taken of the fact that there is a distinct change in the pattern of purchases. Earlier consumers used to purchase garments/fabrics at the time of festivities or marriages or opening of educational institutions etc. This calendar has been jettisoned and the purchases are made when stock-clearance sales are announced. Online Sales or e-retailing are also becoming a craze. Today, the consumers have wide options. There are more players, more brands, more retail outlets, more malls and the option of online purchase.
The strategy of e-retailers is to drop prices and achieve larger sales volume. This has an adverse impact on prices which remain depressed. The sum total of all this is that, the bottom line of the balance sheets of garment manufacturers is far from a satisfactory level. TVC: CMAI changed a lot after you came on its Board with a clear-cut vision. Even then, why participation in January 2015 shows was on a lower side than in June/July show. Why the decline in participation?
RM: The January Fair is always smaller than the June Fair. This is because the January Fair is aimed towards the Summer Season, which is spread over a long period – offering the Retailers a longer time span to visit their Brands to place their business. On the other hand, the Festive season, though most important, is a very short season, making it necessary for the Retailers to place their orders in a short time frame of 15 to 20 days of June. This is why the Festive Fair of June is traditionally the much larger Fair. However, it is important to know that this January has broken all previous records in terms of participation and Visitor turn out for January Fairs.
In general, the NGF ( National Garment Fair) Fair is the place where the manufacturer connects with retailers and buyers. It also helps garment manufacturers to finalise their production programmes and targets. Participation in fairs has thus become a must. Retailers find it easier to make up their mind on visiting fairs and place confirmed orders. Ultimate consumers also get a fairly good idea about availability of different patterns, styles, colour combinations, designs etc. All this helps him to satisfy his preferences for different types of attires.
During the periods of price volatility, the retailers tend to unwind longs and build up shorts. What it means in substance and tenoris that, when price movements take place rapidly in both directions, the retailers refrain from building stocks, but prefer to work on hand to month basis.
INTERVIEW the countries, in a jiffy. Hence it is a cost-effective system. 4. It is a great platform for smaller manufacturers to compete on an even playing field with the large Brands.
TVC: CMAI fair participants are mainly SME’s. We feel they are comfortable with traditional distribution channel like distributor & retailers, not adopting modern distribution channel like large format store, EBO, MBO. RM: That is not necessarily so. However, many of the smaller manufacturers prefer to do outright sale business, and not provide goods on consignment basis. On the other hand, most large format retailers deal only on Consignment basis, except in their Private Labels. They provide space, ambiance, and customer pull for the Brands.However, even smaller Brands will have to accept that the reality is that growth is happening at organized retail only. They will have to play as per the norm of the industry.
TVC: E-commerce has affected offline store (brick & mortar model), its opportunity &benefit for the unorganized brand, as they are getting wonderful response, everyday selling good units. In fact, its a good tool if creatively use. As today’s price conscious customer needs good product with comfortable price. Comment! RM: Yes, e-commerce is a double edged sword. On one hand,Retailers, especially the Organized Retail as it is known,are certainly worried about discounts offered on e-commerce sites. Some manufacturers of fabrics and garments will open their own site in the near future. Even some big retailers are thinking of having their own online platforms. The entire market for garments will shake up in future. On the other hand, it is a virtual platform for 1. quick disposal of stocks, 2. cheapest way to reach theconsumer, and 3. Making available exclusive brands in all cities across
However, how long this emphasis on Discounting will last is a question. A few e-commerce players have started making losses, so they may in course of time stop playing discounting game & will sale at normal prices. At that time some customers may leave e-commerce platform, but some will stay in this fast growing economy. Even if some walk out, still there will be new consumers buying our brands online. So frankly it is all a confused state at this point. TVC: What is CMAI’s future planning?
RM:CMAI’s new initiative is to set up Apparel Training and Development Centers throughout for training 30,000 workers. Such centers are set up for improving skills by imparting training. This leads to creation on of multitude of jobs. CMAI’s novel initiative in the recent past was to bring pressure on retailers to clear their dues. Various measures have been undertaken, such as a Committee being formed to coordinate the Payment collection efforts, giving the smaller players support, information being shared of defaulting Retailers, barring entry of such Retailers in our NGFs, etc. In 1 month alone, we have been able to recover over RS.100 CRORES for the Industry!It is to be appreciated that 80% members of CMAI are in the SME sector. Naturally their capacity to weather financial storms is limited. This is why this effort, along with its NGFs, is a tremendous service being provided by the CMAI to the Industry.
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TEXTILE VALUE CHAIN |APRIL- 2015 www.textilevaluechain.com
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SHOW CALENDER April 2015
July 2015
9-11
30- 1st
Technotex
Place: Mumbai/ India,
info : www.screenprintvietnam.com
info: www.technotexindia.in
9-11
9-11
Screen Print Vietnam 2015
Place : Vietnam ,
Fiber & Yarn Show
August 2015
info : tecoya@gmail.com
9-11
Place : Mumbai/ India,
Vietnam Saigon Textile & Garment Industry Expo
Place : Vietnam ,
Knit Show
Place : Tirupur/ Tamilnadu info: www.knitshow.in
September 2015
info : www.cpexhibition.com
10-13
SITEX EXPO 2015
10-12
Place : Surat,
Yarnex / Texindia
Place : Tirupur/ Tamilnadu, info: www.yarnex.in , www.texindiafair.com
info: www.sitex.sgcci.in
26-27
International Textile Fair
15-17
Place : Dubai/ UAE,
Premier Vision Show
Place : Paris,
info: www.premiervision.com
info : www.internationaltextilefair.com
30- 3rd
TEXPOSURE
23-25
Place: Ichalkaranji/Kolhapur,
OUTLOOK 2015
Place : Athens, Greece,
info : www.edana.org
info : texposure2k15@gmail.com
November 2015
May 2015 13-15
ANEX 2015
5-6
Place : Shanghai /China,
Nonwovens Innovation Academy
Place : Leeds, UK ; info: www.edana.org
info : www.anex2015.com
22
International GOTS Conference
10-11
Place : Mumbai/ India,
Turkish Nonwovens Symposium
Place : Istanbul,
info: www.edana.org
info: www.global-standard.org
June 2015 3-4
International Nonwoven Symposium
Place: Prague, Czech Republic
info : www.edana.org 4-6
Place : Bangalore/ India,
7-9
Shanghaitex Place : Shanghai/ China,
TEMTECH
Place: Bhilwara/ Rajasthan, info: www.temtech.in
March 2016 16-18
info: www.textilefairsindia.com
15-18
Place : Milan/ Italy,
Feb 2015
Non Woven Tech – Asia
Fashion Connect
ITMA 2015
info: www.itma.com
Place : Ahmadabad/ India, info : www.nonwoventechasia.com
4-6
12-19
INDIATEX
Place : Mumbai/ India, info: www.textileassociationindia.com
December 2016
info : www.shanghaitex.cn
3-8
INDIA ITME 2016
Place: Mumbai/ India, info: www.india-itme.com
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BRAND FOCUS VALUABLE SERVICES FOR RIETER CUSTOMERS At Rieter, “Parts and Service” stands not only for the sale of spare parts and for the servicing of the machines for the highest possible productivity in the spinning plant. In order to ensure productivity, Rieter offers its customers further valuable services.
Customers who buy from Rieter profit not only from highly productive machines but also from comprehensive services (Fig. 1).
sonnel and managers. Training is offered in Rieter’s own modern spinning and training centres or directly in the customer’s spinning facility.
In the field of customer training, Rieter makes its long experience and its know-how available and offers custom-
Installation and commissioning by experts
Thanks to preassembled machines and well trained Customer Commissioning service installation teams, machines can be asTechnological Spare parts support service sembled at the customer in the shortMaintenance Project audit development est possible time. Customer Electronic Commissioning takes training repair service place quickly. During Overview of services provided the entire installaby Rieter Parts and Service. tion and commissioning, a Rieter expert is at the customer’s disposal. They assume responsibility for the assembly, the commissioning and the handing-over of the machines to the customer. In this way, Rieter ensures a timely production startup of the spinning plant. Compared to others, the installation of a complete Rieter plant is completed on average four weeks earlier. Installation
Upgrades
Worldwide customer service and technical support
The Rieter customer service is organised in a worldwide network. In many countries, Rieter experts are locally situated. They are familiar with cultural realities, speak the local language and are well acquainted with the customers’ requirements. The customers thereby profit from a service within their time zone. If the customer is interested in new processes, adaptations of raw material or in yarn production, they have
Trained personnel lower the production costs.
the option to run tests in the RieterSpinCentres. The customer profits from the comprehensive know-how of the Rieter technologists and is given the complete test results and recommendations as basis for implementation in their spinning plant. Customer training for personnel and managers
Rieter not only places great importance on the continuous training of its own experts but also on training for per42
TEXTILE VALUE CHAIN |APRIL- 2015 www.textilevaluechain.com
The electronic repair centres also provide support with specially developed testing facilities.
ers the opportunity to continuously optimise their processes and to increase machine performance. The expenditure for spare parts is reduced. The customer sustainably lowers their production costs. Electronic repair service, spare parts range
The worldwide local electronic repair centres from Rieter guarantee that electronic service staff are quickly assigned to a customer in an emergency. With a machine failure, the customer can be partially helped out with substitute equipment. A wide range of spare parts is additionally available for emergencies. Customers therefore profit from short downtimes. With spare parts, Rieter customers can depend on parts being available not just short-term but above all longterm. Rieter guarantees availability for at least 10 years. Work optimisation, maintenance recommendations
Rieter customers have the possibility of having their machine park regularly and thoroughly tested by a specialised service team. Work processes in the customer’s spinning facility are examined in detail and recommendations for optimisation given. Also, recommendations for resp. carrying out of maintenance work are possible. For these individual inspections, professional service engineers are available.
Reduction of the production costs by upgrades and retrofits
Furthermore, Rieter also develops its own innovations for older machine generations. With these innovations, existing machine parks can be modernised, production performance increased and by special conversions the costs can be reduced. Particular highlights are the power-saving conversion “ECOrized” for ring spinning machines, the safe elimination of foreign metal particles by the magnet arc in the blowroom, as well as the revision package for combing machines. Value is always placed on short amortisation periods. Do not hesitate to ask us for the complete range on offer.
Cover Price
36 issues
Yarn
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APRIL - 2015 | Volume 3 | Issue 4 | Pages 44
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ISSN NO.: 2278-8972 | RNI No.: MAHENG / 2012 / 43707
² Launch of Liva brand by Birla Cellulose, New Age Fluid Fashion ² SS 2015 Collec on by Fusion Beats ² Exclusive Interview with Mr. Rahul Mehta, Chairman, CMAI ² Ar cle : ERP in Tex les / Economics of Manufacturing
³ Importance of Skill
Development in Tex les