Istanbul 2008 Olympic Bid Volume 03 by troy watts

Table des matières

Introduction Santé / Système sanitaire

Table of Contents

Introduction

Medical/Health Services

Sécurité

12 26

Security

Hébergement

13 44

Accommodation

Transports

14 62

Transport

Technologie

15 84

Technology

Services de la Communication et des Medias

16 102

Communications and Media Services

Olympisme et Culture

17 114

Olympism and Culture

Garanties

18 126

Guarantees

Volume

Introduction

Youth will highlight the Istanbul Olympic Games. The vision of the Youthful Games appears as a challenge in view of the ancient origins of both the Olympics and the city. Yet, it presents unmistakable opportunities in terms of the spirit of the Games and Istanbul alike. Olympism is all about young people and Istanbul is vitally young in its population, as well as in outlook. Despite the apparent paradox, the celebration of the Youthful Games in Istanbul will highlight the basic consistency between the spirit of the city and the Olympics. It will provide a fresh insight into modernity compatible with age. This volume directly addresses the question of whether or not Istanbul can adjust to the requirements of staging the Olympic Games without undermining the Games or the city itself in any way. The answer is affirmative. One is almost forced to recall that the whole history of the city is one of adjustment, but here reason has primacy over history. The answer is affirmative because careful assessment and planning will minimise, if not eliminate, any negative impact on Istanbul or on the Games. Istanbul has sufficient resources to meet the medical and health service requirements of the Olympic Games. It has 189 hospitals with a total of 33,821 beds, excluding military hospitals. Of its five university hospitals, that of the Istanbul University is among the earliest founded in Europe. Based on planned infrastructure and rates of expected occupancy, more than 10,000 hospitals beds will be available to meet any additional needs of the Olympic Games. The single management structure of the security organisation will ensure a safe environment for staging the Games. The Istanbul Directorate of Security, attached to the Ministry of the Interior, has the experience and human resources to ensure efficient and discrete security. Furthermore, it will deliver these services at no cost to the IOBC, as confirmed by the Minister of the Interior. Istanbul’s accommodation capacity exceeds 51,000 rooms at present and, based on investment trends, this number will grow by around 20 percent by 2008, irrespective of the outcome of the city’s bid. The IOBC has already booked more than 6,800 hotel rooms. It continues to negotiate for more rooms and better rates. As mentioned in the general introduction, traffic presents a problem in Istanbul, but massive projects are underway to improve the transport infrastructure of the city. The urban rapid transit system – comprising the Metro, LRT and commuter rail – a rail tunnel crossing under the Bosphorus and the third ring road serving the city are due for completion before 2008. Again, these projects are planned and being implemented irrespective of Istanbul’s candidacy. In analysing and planning to meet the transport needs for the Olympic Games, the IOBC benefits from the expert advice of a group of professors at the Istanbul Technical University. Having contributed to the development of the Istanbul Transport Master Plan, the group provides key advice on arranging for Games-related transport in accord with overall traffic management of the city. Istanbul is a city with a well-developed telecommunications infrastructure in a country with her own national satellite system. Turkey’s third satellite, Eurasiasat 1, which is one of the most powerful in Europe, is equipped with 32 high-power Ku-band transponders for broadcast via two fixed beams and two steerable beams. Furthermore, Istanbul’s central location allows for live coverage of the Games throughout an extensive region. The IOBC itself plans on providing excellent media services. It has entered into agreements to set up the IPC/MBC in one of the main Olympic clusters, the Southern Complex, and the Media Village within three kilometres of the other, the Olympic Park. Istanbul proposes to put in very hard work to ensure an easy-going celebration of the Games. After all, spontaneity only comes with preparedness.

11.1 11.1.1 11.1.2 11.1.3 11.1.4 11.1.5 11.1.6 11.1.7 11.1.8 11.2 11.2.1 11.2.2 11.2.3 11.2.4 11.2.5 11.2.6 11.2.7 11.3 11.3.1 11.3.2 11.3.3

Système sanitaire Données sanitaires Aperçu général du système médical Prise en charge des frais médicaux Qualité de l’air ambiant Qualité de l’eau Moyens mis en place contre les risques d’épidémie Centres hospitaliers universitaires Législation relative à la pratique de la médecine Dispositions prévues pour les Jeux Plan d’investissements sanitaires Faisabilité des investissements prévus Coordination des services d’urgence locaux pendant les Jeux Olympiques Plans d’évacuation et de secours Laboratoire de contrôle anti-dopage Hôpitaux de la Famille olympique Recrutement, sélection et formation du personnel de santé Santé des chevaux Maladies infectieuses dans la population équine Dispositions contre les risques épidémiologiques Contrôle des échantillons prélevés

Health System Health Data Medical System in Outline Management of Medical Expenses Ambient Air Quality Water Quality Resources Against Epidemiological Risks Teaching Hospitals Legislation on the Practice of Medicine Arrangements Envisaged for the Games Planned Investment in Healthcare Facilities Practicability of Planned Investments Co-Ordination of Emergency Services with the Games Evacuation and Assistance Plans Doping Laboratory Olympic Family Hospitals Recruitment, Selection and Training Equine Health Infectious Diseases in the Equine Population Resources Against Epidemiological Risks Equine Sample Testing

11.1 11.1.1 11.1.2 11.1.3 11.1.4 11.1.5 11.1.6 11.1.7 11.1.8 11.2 11.2.1 11.2.2 11.2.3 11.2.4 11.2.5 11.2.6 11.2.7 11.3 11.3.1 11.3.2 11.3.3

SantĂŠ/SystĂ¨me sanitaire

Medical/Health Service

Volume

Medical/Health Services

The total number of HIV cases reported from 1985 to the end of June 2000 is 1,067 for Turkey (119 in 1999, 84 in January-June 2000) and 335 for Istanbul (source: Ministry of Health). The latest UN estimates sets the ratio of the adult population (aged 15-49) living with HIV/AIDS in Turkey, whether or not having developed symptoms of AIDS and who are alive at the end of 1999, at 0.01 percent (2,500 persons). (Source: Epidemiological Fact Sheet on HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infections: 2000 Update, UNAIDS/WHO).

HEALTH SYSTEM

Health data

a. Vital statistics for the past decade Basic vital statistics for Turkey for the last decade are provided herewith in graphic form.

Finally, the latest available data series on incidence of cancer in Turkey per 100,000 population are as follows:

Source: State Institute of Statistics (SIS)

Such available statistics for Istanbul are as follows: Years

Vital statistics (per thousand population) Birth rate Death rate Infant mortality

1998 1999

15.2 14.0

3.1 2.7

Source: MoH

The following statistics on mortality rates for certain diseases also provide information on morbidity trends among the population of Turkey and Istanbul.

29.6 23.2

b. Morbidity rates for infectious diseases and mortality rates for certain diseases

Mortality rates for 1990 1994 1997 certain diseases Turkey Istanbul Turkey Istanbul Turkey Istanbul (per 100,000 population)

Morbidity rates per 100,000 population calculated for Turkey and Istanbul over the past decade for certain infectious diseases are given below in table form

Enteritis and other diarrheal diseases 3.5 4.5 Malignant neoplasms 27.0 62.8 Heart diseases 98.6 178.5 Cerebrovascular diseases 20.0 37.1 Perinatal mortality 23.1 53.2

2.4 2.3 29.8 61.7 111.0 174.9 16.9 25.8 19.2 39.2

1.2 31.9 105.3 18.8 14.0

0.1 55.6 159.1 22.9 23.9

Source: MoH

Years

Amoebic dysentery

Bacillary dysentery

Typhoid

Paratyphoid

Hepatitis A

Malaria

Turkey Istanbul Turkey Istanbul Turkey Istanbul Turkey Istanbul Turkey Istanbul Turkey 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000*

9.1 11.7 14.4 17.9 26.9 31.7 29.7 25.1 37.1 36.7 25.3

0.2 0.6 0.3 0.2 1.2 0.3 0.7 1.0 1.2 1.2 0.5

* Till end-October Source: Ministry of Health (MoH)

3.2 2.5 2.9 2.6 3.6 4.4 2.4 2.7 2.3 1.8 1.2

1.1 0.9 0.9 0.6 1.1 1.5 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1

17.5 17.3 19.3 23.8 28.3 34.4 43.2 51.1 48.4 44.6 30.1

2.1 1.6 1.3 0.7 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1 0.6 0.4 0.2

0.8 1.5 1.1 0.9 1.3 0.8 0.9 2 1.1 1.5 0.8

0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

53.3 37.9 28.7 23.8 45.7 41.2 22.8 24.5 22.4 22.9 10.3

44.9 30.5 22.6 12.2 17.9 13.0 6.4 6.8 6.2 6.8 2.4

N/A N/A N/A N/A 141.3 134.7 98.3 56.4 57.7 32.3 15.9

Istanbul Local Imported 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

1.1 1.4 1.5 3.0 6.0 7.5 8.2 3.3 3.3 1.9 1.9

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c. Age distribution Data on distribution of Turkeyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population by age groups are shown below in graph form:

e. Epidemiological problems Turkey in general and the city of Istanbul in particular have experienced no major epidemiological problems over the past decade. 11

1 2

Source: SIS

The latest age distribution data available for Istanbul is are follows: Years 1990 1997

0-14 % 29.7 26.5

Istanbul 15-64 %

65+ %

66.5 68.2

3.8 5.3

d. Hospitalisation rate The latest available statistics for hospitalisation rates per 100,000 population in Turkey are provided in graph form.

Source: SIS

The steady increase in the hospitalisation rate (both outpatient and inpatient) signifies the improved access to hospital facilities and the widening practice of seeking professional healthcare.

Medical system in outline

Istanbul shares the nationwide mixed system of medical services, combining public and private institutions. The public medical sector consists of basic health-care stations and hospitals run by the Ministry of Health (MoH) on the one hand, and by the Social Insurance Corporation (SSK) on the other, along with hospitals operated by several public institutions, and the medical faculties of the universities. The private sector comprises private clinics and polyclinics, dispensaries, and hospitals. Preventive and supportive health services are primarily conducted by the municipalities, completely free of charge. At present, the province of Istanbul has (excluding military health institutions) a total of 192 hospitals, public and private, with a total bed capacity of 33,821. Of the present hospitals, 31 are operated by the MoH and 12 by the SSK; five are university hospitals, seven are run by other public institutions and the rest by private bodies, trusts and minority communities. A total of 160 hospitals, providing 24,104 beds, are general-purpose. Of the 32 specialised hospitals, seven are gynaecological hospitals, six are specialised in cardiology, thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, three are psychiatric hospitals, and the remainder consists of various branches. Overall, 119 hospitals in Istanbul have emergency

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Medical/Health Services

services and operate a total of 162 ambulances for emergency hospitalisation.

There are two public emergency first aid and

Three military hospitals in Istanbul, each

controlled by the MoH, and the other by the

complete with all medical specialties and

Greater Istanbul Municipality. Both services

emergency services, provide a total of

are supported by a network of 37

2,220 beds.

emergency stations and equipped with total

rescue systems operating in Istanbul, one

of 49 ambulances. All are located at The Istanbul University has one of the oldest

convenient sites throughout the city. Upon

medical schools in Europe, and its hospitals

call-out, such stations immediately dispatch

are equipped to perform all kinds of surgical

one or more fully staffed and equipped

operations (including transplants). For a

ambulances to the incident site. If on the

detailed list of departments of Istanbul’s

spot treatment proves impractical, the

teaching hospitals, please refer to paragraph

patients – at the discretion of the authorised

11.1.7, below.

staff – are swiftly transported either to the respective emergency station, to a trauma

In addition, the MoH operates a total of 213

and emergency surgery centre or to the

basic health-care stations, 19 neighbourhood

nearest private or public hospital providing

polyclinics, and 34 mother-and-child care

an emergency service.

centres throughout the province of Istanbul. The province has a total of 25 tuberculosis

Each emergency station houses a box

dispensaries

general-purpose

polyclinic and two resuscitation units, with a

dispensaries run by the SSK. Polyclinics

and

staff of five physicians and sufficient nurses

operated by private bodies number 186

to provide procedures such as ECG

throughout the province. The Red Crescent

monitoring, tracheotomy, blood transfusion,

also operates a total of 20 polyclinics.

etc. In addition, trauma and emergency surgery centres provide 20 beds, two

Geographical distribution of Istanbul’s

resuscitation rooms, and two operating

hospitals, basic health-care stations, and

theatres.

private polyclinics, in terms of their proximity to various olympic sites, are

Further to these facilities, a dozen of the

shown in table form.

private emergency first-aid services in Istanbul operate a total of 53 ambulances.

Area

Basic Public Private Private hospitals hospitals health-care stations polyclinics

In summation, the number of ambulances serving the population of Istanbul is 264.

Main Competition Sites (Olympic Parc & the Southern Complex)

ENKA (‹stinye)

55 4

The total number of physicians employed

Klassis Equestrian Club (Silivri)

in Istanbul’s 192 currently operating

Main Hotel Area-1/Taksim

Main Hotel Area-2/Old City

Asian side of the city

TOTAL

134

213

186

hospitals is 11,580, of whom 7,451 are specialists and the remainder general practitioners. University hospitals employ 2,346 physicians (1,399 specialists), and the other 21 teaching hospitals are served

Istanbul’s hospitals serve their patients with

by 5,118 physicians (2,324 specialists.)

a total of 22 magnetic resonance (MR) imagers, 60 computerised tomographers, 65 Doppler ultrasound systems, and 23 three-dimensional

USG

systems.

Furthermore, 214 private radiological laboratories and 20 nuclear medicine centres are currently operational in the city.

Further to this, the total number of physicians working in Istanbul, including those running their own private clinics or who are employed in public or private polyclinics, is 15,907, of whom 8,797 are specialists.

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Medical/Health Services

Overall, in Istanbul there is one physician for every 648 persons living in the province, against a national average of 907 persons. In addition, a total of 4,157 medical dentists work in the province. Other health personnel employed in Istanbul are as follows: 9,777 registered nurses, 2,952 sanitarians, and 3,096 midwifes. 11

coverage agreements with five European countries; Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, and the Netherlands. Such agreements ensure citizens of these countries who hold valid health coverage policies from their national social security institutions equal access with Turkish citizens to free-of-charge healthcare services in hospitals of the SSK.

1 3

Management of medical expenses

In general, visiting foreigners whose private health insurance policies cover risks occurred in other countries are entitled to benefit from free-of-charge medical care during their visit to Turkey, generally by way of reimbursement and subject to respective policy clauses. Payments to private clinics and hospitals can sometimes be refunded immediately, though reimbursement can be slower, depending on the individual’s insurance coverage.

Public funding of medical care is provided throughout Turkey by three social security organisations, each guaranteeing free medical consultation and treatment for their respective premium-paying members in authorised public institutions. When necessary, they compensate any medical expenses incurred elsewhere. These three social security organisations are: ● The Turkish Pension Fund (Emekli Sand›¤› - ES), compulsory pension and health insurance system for civil service employees and their dependents; ●the above-mentioned SSK, the counterpart of the ES for private sector employees; and ●the Social Insurance Corporation for the Self-employed (Ba¤-Kur), a voluntary savings bank for selfemployed persons.

If the 2008 Olympic Games are held in Istanbul, all accredited Olympic Family members will have free access to all forms of health services available in the country and the cost will be covered by the Istanbul OCOG throughout the period of the Games. The insurance plan will include indemnity for death and disablement caused by an accident, and will also cover spectators, provided that they hold valid tickets for the day the accident occurred. 11

1 4

The resources of the ES and SSK also include compulsory contributions from the government and private sector employers. Finally, in state-run hospitals there is a "green card" scheme which provides completely free-of-charge medical care for card-holding persons certified by competent authorities to live below a certain "poverty line" and who are not covered by any of the three social security organisations. Istanbul leads the whole country in the extent of coverage provided by the voluntary individual health insurance network. At present, Turkey has bilateral health

Ambient air quality

Istanbul’s air quality is monitored by means of ten mobile ISO 9001 registered analysers. Data compiled by these analysers on the average concentration of five basic types of air pollutants in Istanbul for the month of July (the proposed period of the Games) over the last five years are provided below in table form. There were no significant differences in air pollution data observed between different parts of Istanbul or Olympic sub-sites during the period proposed for the 2008 Olympic Games.

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For sulphur dioxide, particulate matter, ozone, and carbon monoxide, maximum levels of concentration observed during the month of July have all remained below respective long term limit values set by the World Health Organisation. The maximum level exceeded the long-term limit value in the case of nitrogen dioxide in July 1998 (for nine days) and July 1999 (for three days), but still remained below the shortterm limit value (300 µg/m3).

July

Min

Max

Monthly average

Min

100

1998

1999

1995

2000

1995

7.02

7.38

7.37

7.77

Turbidity NTU

1.56

0.91

1.28

0.99

464

350

743

605

T. Free Chloride mg/l

2.00

1.00

2.50

1.00

Colour mg/l Pt

5.0

2.5

T. Hardness mg/l CaCO3

174

148

232

204

P. Alkalinity mg/l CaCO3

M. Alkalinity mg/l CaCO3

104

130

107

T. Alkalinity mg/l CaCO3

104

130

107

Bicarbonate mg/l

113

127

159

131

Sulfate mg/l

Chloride mg/l

128

85 <0.05

0.00

<0.05

0.00

Nitrate mg/l

1.7

0.8

<0.05

<0.5

Calcium mg/l

55.2

43.2

68.0

49.6

Magnesium mg/l

8.7

9.7

15.1

19.4

T.Iron mg/l

0.06

<0.04

0.05

<0.04

T. Organic matter mg/l 02

3.2

2.5

4.1

2.4

Bacteriological analysis

148

T.ColBacteria MPN/100ml O3 concentration (µg/m3) Testing method: July UV photometry (automatic) Long term limit value: 150 µg/m3

NO2 concentration (µg/m3) Testing method: Chemoluminescence (automatic) Long term limit value: 150 µg/m3

CO concentration (µg/m3) Testing method: IR absorption (automatic) Long term limit value: 150 µg/m3

Source: Istanbul Water and Sewage Authority attached to the Greater Istanbul Municipality

1996

656

1997

350

310

375

1998

n/a

158

608

240 1052

1999

163

391

256

2000 n/a

n/a

1178

553

21 3092

Source: Department of Environmental Protection of the Greater Istanbul Municipality

1 5

1 6

Monthly Min Max Monthly Min Max Monthly Min Max average average average

Water quality

Water quality data from two major reservoirs in Istanbul (the Ka¤›thane and Büyük Çekmece reservoirs) for the past five years is included in the accompanying table. Indicators confirm that Istanbul’s drinking (tap) water is of good quality. Decreasing levels of free chloride (from 2 mg/l for Ka¤›thane and 2.5 mg/l for Büyük Çekmece in 1995 to 1 mg/l for both reservoirs in 2000) reflects a shift from chlorination, conducted by the Water and Sewage Authority as a method of disinfecting water, to more advanced methods such as ozonification.

2000

Conductivity umho/cm

Ammonia-N mg/l

1997

Sampling point: Büyük Çekmece

Chemical analyses

Max

1996

Sampling point: Ka¤›thane

Physical analyses

SO2 concentration (µg/m3) Particulate matter Testing method: concentration (µg/m3) UV fluorescent (automatic) Testing method: Long term limit value: Beta gauge (automatic) 150 µg/m3 Long term limit value: 150 µg/m3 Monthly average

2000

Analysis performed

Resources against epidemiological risks

Current Turkish legislation prescribes that all the necessary resources required to counter epidemiological risks and incidents be mobilised via the Special Fund of the MoH, upon the decision of the relevant gubernatorial Board of Public Health. Responsibility for controlling epidemiological risks rests with the provincial administrations of the Ministries of Health, Industrial Relations, Public Works and Settlement, National Defence, and Communications, the municipalities of each locality, and the elected headpersons of neighbourhoods, under the co-ordination of the Office of the Governor. The Ministry of Agriculture is responsible for the control of imported foodstuffs that might carry epidemics. In addition, the Foreign Ministry is entrusted with the responsibility for monitoring risks emanating from foreign countries, and for taking necessary action vis à vis such countries.

Medical/Health Services

Bak›rköy Psychiatric Hospital Cardiological Institute of Istanbul Univ. Cerrahpafla University Hospital Dr. Lütfi K›rdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital Dr. Sadi Konuk Bak›rköy Hospital Erenköy Hospital Göztepe Hospital (SSK) Gureba Foundation Hospital Haseki Hospital Haydarpafla Numune Hospital Institute of Oncology of Istanbul Univ. Istanbul Hospital (SSK) Istanbul University Hospital Kofluyolu Cardiac Research Hospital Marmara University Hospital Okmeydan› Hospital (SSK) Prof Dr. N. Reflat Belger Beyo¤lu Hospital S. Ersek H. of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Sanatorium of Halki (Heybeliada) Süleymaniye Gynaecological Hospital Süreyyapafla Sanatorium (SSK) fiiflli Etfal Hospital Taksim Hospital Yedikule Thoracic Surgery Hospital Z. Kamil Gynaecological and Children's H.

1 7

Teaching hospitals

A list of Istanbul's teaching hospitals and their existing medical departments is provided herewith in table form. The hospitals of Istanbul and Marmara universities have sports medicine and sports physiology departments, and both universities also run schools of Physical Education and Sports. In neighbouring provinces, the Uluda¤ University hospital in Bursa has a sports medicine department, and the Abant ‹zzet Baysal University in Bolu has a School of Physical Education and Sports as well as a department of sports physiology.

Dentistry

Emergency services

Algology

Pharmacology

Underwater medicine

Medical ecology

Nephrology

Dental surgery

Radiotherapy

Haemodialysis

Oncology

Gastroenterology

Resuscitation

Paediatric surgery

Thoracic surgery

Cardiovascular surgery

Cardiology

Plastic surgery

Psychiatry

Physiotherapy and rehabilitation

Infectious diseases

Respiratory diseases

Besides the above-mentioned teaching hospitals, the Florence Nightingale

Neurosurgery

Orthopaedics - Traumatology

Ophthalmology

ENT

Paediatrics

Gynaecology

Internal diseases Bak›rköy Gynecological H. (SSK)

General surgery

To control basic epidemiological risks, the MoH provides nationwide free-of-charge vaccination of school children against tuberculosis, measles, diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, polio, and hepatitis-B. Over the past two years, no single case of polio was reported in the country. The MoH also applies active surveillance of malaria cases, which has resulted in an impressive decline in the incidence of malaria over the five past years (see paragraph 11.1. above), and nationwide scanning of tuberculosis. Disinfection of all drinking (tap) water resources and regular examination of foodstuffs served in eating and drinking places by local government bodies, under the supervision of the MoH, helps reduce the risk of epidemics transmitted by ingestion. All persons employed in food manufacturing and food service industries pass through regular medical examinations four times a year.

Dermatological and venereal dis.

Neurology

Urology

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Medical/Health Services

Hospital, the International Hospital, and the Ac›badem Hospital in Kad›köy (all three private institutions proposed as Olympic Family hospitals) also operate sports medicine departments. 11

1 8

fulfil their Olympic functions in Turkey for the duration of the Games. For a guarantee to this effect from the Minister of the Interior of Turkey, please refer to Theme 18, Ref. 18.7. 11

Legislation on the practice of medicine The practice of medicine in Turkey is

regulated by several laws, and by more than 30 specific regulations and statutes.

ARRANGEMENTS ENVISAGED FOR THE GAMES

Planned investment in healthcare facilities

This body of legislation requires that any medical

practitioner

must

have

The MoH’s currently ongoing projects

successfully completed a six-year term of

will provide Istanbul in the coming years

basic medical education at authorised

with 22 new hospitals, with a total bed

Turkish faculties of medicine (or at

capacity of 2,860.

faculties abroad recognised as equivalents by the Turkish MoH), and hold a diploma

Turkey’s Eighth Five-Year Development

certifying this. In order for any such

Plan for the period 2001 – 2005, prepared

practitioner to qualify as a specialist in a

by the State Planning Organisation and

particular field of medicine they must pass

granted the force of law by a ruling of the

an extremely competitive Examination for

Grand National Assembly in June 2000,

the Selection of Candidates for Medical

has set the target of a nationwide annual

Specialisation,

increase of 1.6 percent in the number of

before

undergoing

specialist training in their respective field.

hospital beds available per 10,000 of the population for the duration of the plan’s

Physicians who remain in general practice

being in force.

serve primarily in the first (basic) tier of medical institutions attached to the

This national target sets a minimum for

Ministries

Istanbul’s

Health

and

Industrial

plans

for

investment

Relations and other public agencies, or in

healthcare facilities. Mere compliance with

private health institutions and health

such a target will increase the number of

services. The majority of specialists, on the

hospital beds in Istanbul to 42,679 in 2005

other hand, are employed in public and

and to 48,170 in 2008, the year of the

private hospitals and polyclinics, while a

Games. The MoH forecasts that the rate of

considerable number run their own private

hospital bed occupancy will increase from

clinics. Training and certification in

60 percent in 2000 to 75 percent in 2005,

paramedical disciplines, such as pharmacy,

which

dentistry,

medical

occupancy rate of 79 percent in 2008.

attendance, health management and

Thus, the achievement of the target of

health technology are provided at separate

48,170 beds by the Games year will enable

faculties or at colleges affiliated with

the city to more than amply guarantee the

faculties of medicine.

medical needs of its Olympic guests.

physiotherapy,

implies

extrapolation

Tentatively, a daily average of 10,116 nonIn the event that Istanbul hosts the 2008

occupied hospital beds will be available

Olympic Games, all medical personnel

during the Games to meet any increased

accompanying national teams will be

demand for inpatient treatment.

provided work permits allowing them to

With relation to the above it is considered

Volume

that, should Istanbul be chosen to host the Games, no additional investment in health facilities would be needed for this specific purpose. 11

2 2

Practicability of planned investments For a guarantee that the plans

described

paragraph

11.2.1

for

investments in healthcare facilities in Istanbul are both fully practicable and compatible

with

the

harmonious

Medical/Health Services

the resources of local departments of the central government, the local government bodies (the Greater Istanbul Municipality and suburban municipalities), the armed forces, the civil defence corps, the Red Crescent, the Coast Security and Ship Rescue Operations Authority, and Turk Telekom (telecommunications company). National disaster management plans, on the other hand, arranges for the transfer of all the resources and capabilities of 19 provinces in the Marmara and Aegean regions to the command of the DMC in case of a disaster in Istanbul.

development of the city, the region of Marmara where the city is located, and the country as a whole, please refer to theme 18, ref. 18.21. 11

2 3

Co-ordination of local emergency services with the Olympic Games Istanbul’s usual emergency first-aid

The civil defence corps in Istanbul currently has a reserve of 6,044 workers, including both civil servants and volunteers, trained for emergency evacuation and rescue tasks. In case of a natural disaster in Istanbul, exclusive control of Turkey’s INMARSAT satellite communication facilities will pass to the DMC and the civil defence corps, guaranteeing uninterrupted communications with the outer world.

and rescue systems described under paragraph 11.1.2 above is totally compatible with the health-related arrangements the IOBC envisages for the Games period. A Medical Co-ordination Centre located at the Olympic Park will be in charge of controlling

first

aid,

transport

and

emergency services for all venues. This important task will be backed up by personnel to be recruited and trained by the Istanbul OCOG’s Medical Department during the years leading up to the Games period (see paragraph 11.2.7 below). 11

2 4

Evacuation and assistance plans

Istanbul’s existing natural disaster management plans put rescue, evacuation and assistance operations under the exclusive responsibility of a Disaster Management Centre (DMC) headed by the Governor of Istanbul. The DMC ensures undivided command and co-ordination of

The Provincial Directorate of Health assumes major responsibilities for the operations of the DMC through its emergency assistance service groups. Its First Aid and Rescue Service is already equipped to deploy: ● one first-aid and rescue ambulance team for every 30,000 population in a stricken region, ● discovery ambulance teams charged with identifying communities worst affected by the disaster and ensuring the most effective use of resources, ●and triage teams assigned to form triage areas wherever there is more than five disaster victims, with a view to setting priorities that would maximise the number of survivors. Plans envisage that field hospitals will be operational immediately after the disaster for emergency care, and start providing other inpatient treatment services on the second day of the disaster. Field hospitals

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will remain operational at least until the erection of prefabricated hospitals and will continue thereafter if so needed.

University in Ankara, and was designated by a government regulation in 1993 as the national authority entitled to perform inand out-of-competition doping control analyses. This regulation also established procedures for the training and certification of independent sampling officials.

Another service to assume critical responsibilities in case of a natural disaster in Istanbul is the Fire Brigades Department, whose command will pass in such a case from the Greater Istanbul Municipality to the DMC. The Department already controls 60 search, rescue and evacuation squads with a total of 5,112 staff.

The IOBC bases its plans for doping control during the 2008 Istanbul Olympic Games on the expectation that the TDCC will be accorded full IOC-accreditation in the near future. In such a case, special arrangements will be made for the convenient transfer of doping control samples from the Olympic sites in Istanbul to the TDCC’s laboratory in Ankara (at a distance of 450 kilometres, one hour by air). The laboratory will have a capacity to analyse up to 600 samples a day, or 3,000 samples over the Games period, and will be staffed by the necessary personnel, including co-ordinators, analysts, technicians, and escorts.

In addition, a total of 88 similar squads with 4,186 workers, controlled by various other branches of the Greater Istanbul Municipality, will be placed under the command of the DMC in case of a natural disaster. In the event of a natural disaster during the 2008 Istanbul Olympic Games, no change will occur in the above-described chain of command. The Medical Co-ordination Centre to be set up at the Olympic Park (see paragraph 11.2.3 above) will also come under the command of the DMC. Volunteer staff specifically recruited and trained by the Medical Department of the Istanbul OCOG to take part in medical services at the Games venues will considerably add to the human resources available for rescue, evacuation and assistance operations. 11

2 5

Doping laboratory

The Turkish Doping Control Centre (TDCC), founded in 1989, expects to soon receive full IOC-accreditation for its laboratory in Ankara. The TDCC has received temporary accreditation from the IOC for conducting doping controls at the 34th World Freestyle Wrestling Championship held in Ankara in October 1999, and applied for full IOC accreditation after this event. To date, it has proved totally successful in the analyses of two sets of pre-accreditation control samples, and has also started preparations for obtaining ISO guide 17025 accreditation. The TDCC is affiliated with the Hacettepe

2 6

Olympic Family hospitals

The Istanbul International Hospital (155 beds), the Ac›badem Carousel Hospital (100 beds), the American Hospital (150 beds), the Florence Nightingale Hospital (233 beds) and the German Hospital (289 beds) on the European side of the city will serve the Olympic Family. The same service will be provided by the Marmara University Hospital (450 beds) and the Ac›badem Hospital (150 beds) on the Asian side of the city. The distances between these hospitals and the village site of Halkal› are as follows:

Olympic Villages Olympic Family hospitals km

min

Ac›badem Carousel Hospital

Ac›badem Hospital (Kad›köy)

American Hospital

Florence Nightingale

German Hospital

Istanbul International

Marmara University Hospital

Volume

Medical/Health Services

2 7

For the recruitment, selection and training of the personnel necessary for Olympic health services, the Istanbul OCOG will conduct a joint programme uniting the efforts of several interested bodies under the co-ordination of its Medical Department. These bodies will include the Medical Commission of the NOC of Turkey, the Turkish Association of Sports Medicine, the Turkish Association of Sport Sciences, the Sports Health Branch of the Turkish Medical Association, and the General Directorate of Youth and Sports. These bodies have been co-operating continuously for the past 12 years in organising a series of courses for recruiting medical personnel with respect to sports health. To date, following 14 such courses, around 750 health personnel have received certificates of attendance. The latest in the series was held in Ankara on 4-6 December 2000, with the participation of all the medical staff employed by the General Directorate of Youth and Sports. Staged under the title of "Organisational Aspects of Sports Health", it was first of its kind in content. In consideration of the great interest shown by health-related personnel in taking part in Istanbul’s preparations for hosting the Olympics, final selection for the Games will be made according to applicants’ backgrounds. Definite orientation programmes will be organised for selected staff before the Games.

3 1

control. Only one horse was infected with glanders in Rize (northern Turkey) in 1998, and one with anthrax in ‹zmir (western Turkey) in 1997; neither disease is endemic in the country.

Recruitment, selection and training of health personnel

EQUINE HEALTH

Infectious diseases in the local equine population

During the past five years, no epidemic of infectious diseases has occurred in Turkey’s equine population, and epidemiological risks are kept strictly under

3 2

Resources against epidemiological risks

Nationwide, the General Directorate of Prevention and Control, attached to the Ministry of Agriculture, is responsible for controlling epidemiological risks in the veterinary field. Locally, the Animal Health Division of the Provincial Directorate of Agriculture is assigned the task of implementing and following up the measures decided by the General Directorate to combat epidemics. The Veterinary Control and Research Institute in Pendik, an eastern district of Istanbul, supplies diagnosis, analysis, and specialist assistance services to the wider region under the direction of the Ministry of Agriculture. There are several similar research and control centres throughout the country. 11

3 3

Equine sample testing

The Turkish Doping Control Centre described above (paragraph 11.2.5) also performs equine sample testing. In the event that Istanbul hosts the 2008 Olympic Games, it will conduct equine sample testing in accordance with the F.E.I. regulations.

12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 12.8 12.9 12.10 12.11 12.12 12.13 12.14 12.15 12.16 12.17

Risques émanants des minorités activistes et des terroristes Taux de criminalité Organisations responsables de la sécurité olympique Ressources humaines disponibles Ressources humaines Possibilité d’utilisation des Forces Armées Structure directionnelle unique Services de la sécurité publique gratuits pour le COJO Modifications possibles de la législation Rôle du Service des Renseignements Contrôle de l’espace aérien et des eaux territoriales Garantie du Gouvernement Absence d’autorité gouvernementale régionale Département de sécurité du COJO Organisation de la sécurité olympique Analyse des risques Expérience des organisations de la sécurité

Risks From Activist Minorities Crime Rates Security Organisations Available Human Resources Human Resources Possible Use of the Armed Forces Single Management Structure Public Security Services at No Cost to the OCOG Possible Modification of Legislation Involvement of the Intelligence Service Use of Territorial Waters and Air Space Government Guarantee No Regional Governmental Authority OCOG Security Department Organisational Charts Risk Analysis Experience of Security Organisations

12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 12.8 12.9 12.10 12.11 12.12 12.13 12.14 12.15 12.16 12.17

Sécurité

Security

Volume

12 Security

RISKS FROM ACTIVIST MINORITIES OR TERRORIST GROUPS

●

Marine security,

●

Closed-circuit monitoring,

●

Riot policing, and

Airspace control. The Transport and Protection Depart●

According to the Ministry of the Interior, the potential risks that terrorist organisations in Turkey (especially, the separatist organisation the "PKK") pose to the peaceful celebration of Olympic Games in Istanbul is neither greater nor smaller than those they or other international groups (such as ETA, the IRA or HAMAS) pose to any other event of such size in any other country. The Ministry’s analysts further stress that, in the particular case of the PKK and other groups active in Turkey’s region, Istanbul and Turkey have the advantage of security and intelligence resources best experienced and adapted to contain and combat such organisations. The high capability of the Turkish security organisation in this respect has been proven over recent years by the decisive defeat of separatist terrorism in the country.

■

ment will conduct the functions of: ●

VIP protection (a highly controlled environment,

protection

guards at lodging places, competitions, etc.), ●

Risk

●

Ports of entry monitoring, and

team/media

protection,

●

Traffic (monitoring of parking sites and land routes).

CRIME RATES Crime statistics for the whole of

Turkey and for Istanbul over the past ten years are provided below in table form. TURKEY Crimes against

Vice

Traffic offences

Total

Smuggling

the state Years

Qty

Three security departments, each headed

Per

Qty

Per

Qty

Per

Qty

Per 100,000

100,000

by a deputy-chair of the Olympic Security

1990

114,028

203

96,163

171

2,265

7,831

220,287

392

Co-ordination

1991

139,159

244

97,064

170

3,186

7,611

247,020

433

responsibility for the prevention of

1992

169,168

292

111,835

193

4,235

9,180

294,418

508

terrorist action by international groups

1993

206,243

351

185,662

316

8,238

9,177

409,320

696

1994

231,743

388

200,181

335

9,179

11,085

452,188

757

1995

292,962

481

229,513

376

9,932

9,842

542,249

889

Centre,

will

during the Istanbul 2008 Olympic Games. ■

1996

344,130

556

291,662

471

11,186

11,179

658,157

1063

The Intelligence and Anti-Terrorism

1997

389,219

619

304,147

484

14,509

13,080

720,955

1,146

Department will conduct the functions of:

1998 442,985

694

304,114

476

12,218

14,071

773,388

1,211

441,445

681

280,554

433

11,614

13,608

747,221

1,153

●

Intelligence

(identification

1999

potential threats from, and cap-

ISTANBUL

abilities of, international groups; specific

intelligence

and

assessments of participating indiBomb management (a detailed

Years

Per

Qty

Per

Qty

Per

Qty

Per

100,000

100,000 1990

31,372

436

15,598

217

654

684

48,308

671

1991

37,206

502

15,264

206

977

645

54,092

730

screening, explosive detection dogs,

1992

45,554

590

17,382

225

1,079

969

64,984

842

clearance diving), and

1993

58,852

733

32,020

399

1,339

1,482

93,693

1,167

1994

1,466

Emergency action. The Security Services Department will be responsible for: ●

Qty

schedule of searches, security

●

■

Total

Smuggling

the state

viduals and teams), ●

Crimes against

Vice

Traffic offences

risk

Olympic Park and Villages security (including supervision of construction stages),

74,743

896

45,011

540

1,135

1,388

122,277

1995 110,548

1,277

96,164

1,111

1,444

1,275

209,431

2,419

1996 140,601

1,566

115,718

1,289

1,320

1,865

259,504

2,890

1997 160,097

1,720

121,152

1,302

832

2,059

284,140

3,053

1998 175,208

1,818

110,918

1,151

643

2,361

289,130

3,000

1999 164,027

1,644

86,818

870

744

2,783

254,372

2,550

154,196

1,495

75,838

735

441

2,045

232,520

2,254

2000*

*To the end of November

Volume

12 Security

The figures attest to Istanbul’s being

The municipal police, responsible for the

ranked amongst the safest metropolises of

provision of community services, will also

the world, with major incident rates of vice

assume

per 100,000 population remaining at

arrangements during the Istanbul Olympic

significantly lower levels than other large

Games.

responsibility

for

security

cities, as seen below: Finally, the Istanbul OCOG will assume Incidents

responsibility of routine internal security

Per 100,000 population

measures on the Olympic sites, basically

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000* Murder and manslaughter

the accreditation for back of house areas,

Indecent assault

ticketing and vehicle permits. The IOBC

Battery

envisages

Injury

organisations will play no part in the chain

Robbery

of responsibility and command in the

775

811

850

732

563

362

provision of security during the 2008

Theft

private

security

Istanbul Olympic Games.

* To the end of November

that

ORGANISATIONS RESPONSIBLE FOR OLYMPIC SECURITY

AVAILABLE HUMAN RESOURCES As of December 2000, the IDS

for

consisted of 26,060 commissioned officers

security during the Istanbul 2008 Games

The

ultimate

responsibility

and 4,034 riot police officers. In other

will lie with the Istanbul Directorate of

provinces

Security (IDS), the provincial branch of the

commissioned officers total 16,125, and riot

National Police attached to the Ministry of

police officers 1,546. Existing plans for co-

the Interior.

operation between the IDS and the Armed

the

Marmara

Region,

Forces also provide for assignment of The IDS is placed by law under the

contingents of military personnel to

exclusive authority of the Governor of

emergency security tasks, in numbers

Istanbul, who will hold office as a vice-

specified for each district of Istanbul.

chairperson of the Istanbul OCOG in case the city is awarded the Olympic Games (see paragraph 2.2.2 above under Theme 2).

In addition: ■ The civil defence corps in Istanbul

The Governor of Istanbul also commands

currently has a reserve of 6,044

the local contingent of the Gendarmerie,

workers, including both civil servants

responsible for security in non-urban areas

and volunteers, trained for emergency

of the province of Istanbul, and of the Coastguard, which works in co-operation

■

services. The Fire Brigades Department of the

with the Marine Police force, itself a branch

Greater Istanbul Municipality already

of the National Police.

controls

search,

rescue

and

evacuation squads with a total of 5,112 In cities other than Istanbul where preliminary football events will take place (Bursa, Izmir and Kocaeli), respective gubernatorial offices will assume the ultimate

responsibility

arrangements.

for

security

■

workers. Various other branches of the Greater Istanbul Municipality control a total of 88 similar squads with 4,186 workers.

Volume

12 Security

General Directorate of Security (National

HUMAN RESOURCES TO BE USED FOR OLYMPIC SECURITY

Police) under the Ministry of the Interior. In its capacity as the highest single

The IDS estimates that around 17,000

authority in Olympic security, the IDS will

personnel will be employed in the

hold unrestricted command of all human

operational implementation of security

and technical resources allocated for such

during the Istanbul 2008 Olympic Games.

security arrangements, whatever their

Its plans involve a limited transfer of police

provenance. Such command will be

force members to the Olympic territory

applicable with no functional or territorial

from other provinces or regions.

restrictions with respect to any matter related to the security of the Olympic Games.

In case Istanbul is awarded the 2008 Games, the IDS’s Police Training Centre at Florya will be assigned the task of

The IDS’s several departments will be co-

graduating, over the six-year lead up to the

ordinated with the Istanbul OCOG, the

Games, 9,000 "Olympic officers". It will

municipal authorities, and other public

also allocate its resources for the training

bodies. This co-ordination will be provided

of the OCOG personnel and Olympic

by an Olympic Security Co-ordination

volunteers in security matters.

Centre,

established

the

gubernatorial level, consisting of officials from the police departments of state 12

security, anti-terrorist action, intelligence,

POSSIBLE USE OF THE ARMED FORCES

protection and surveillance, tourist police, vice and crime, traffic control, logistics and

The use of the resources of the

communication. The Coast Guard, the

Armed Forces for ensuring Olympic

Greater Istanbul Municipality, the National

security will rest completely at the

Intelligence Organisation attached to the

discretion of the Governor of Istanbul, who

Office of the Prime Minister, and the OCOG

is authorised by law to resort to such use

will also be represented at the Security Co-

whenever expedient. As explained above

ordination Centre.

under paragraph 12.3, local branches of the Gendarmerie and the Coast Guard, though both parts of the Armed Forces, function

under the Governor’s exclusive direction. The Governor may also demand, at any

PUBLIC SECURITY SERVICES AT NO COST TO THE OCOG

time, the contribution of the Air Force to All

ensure airspace security.

Olympic

security

services

undertaken by public authorities will be provided at no cost to the Istanbul OCOG. 12

SINGLE MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE 12

Single management structure in security arrangements is an inviolable rule

POSSIBLE MODIFICATION OF LEGISLATION OR PROCEDURES

in the public security system operational in Turkey. Several safety functions, which

At present, the IOBC maintains that

may in other systems be the responsibility

no modification to existing legislation and

of separate bodies, are all regulated in the

regulations

Turkish model by departments of the

Istanbul’s capabilities to achieve a security

required

enhance

Volume

12 Security

operation that is appropriate to the special

During the Istanbul 2008 Olympic Games, a

circumstances of the Olympic Games. The

security belt will be created in Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s

Turkish Olympic Law guarantees that all

airspace affected by the Games. Apart from

public

flying

bodies

give

priority

the

ambulances,

airborne

security

requirements of the future Istanbul OCOG,

vehicles, and VIP air transports, all MSL,

thus ensuring the greatest possible

UNL and VFR flights will be kept under

flexibility in the adaptation of such bodies

strict control. At the Istanbul International

involved in Olympic security arrangements

Airport, restrictions will be applied on take-

to contingencies.

offs 360 degrees north and landings 180 degrees south.

However,

the

commitment

the

Government and all major political parties

The use of Istanbulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s territorial waters

to support, with all possible means, a

during the 2008 Games will remain under

successful staging of Olympic Games in

strict control of the Coast Guard in co-

Istanbul, implies a common will to enact, if

ordination with the Olympic Security Co-

necessary, any new legislation or to

ordination Centre. The Coast Guard also

introduce

administrative

has the authority to close the Bosphorus as

procedures to create a better environment

well as the Dardanelles to traffic in

for ensuring Olympic security.

accordance

any

new

with

international

law

regulating the use of such sea routes. 12 10

INVOLVEMENT OF THE INTELLIGENCE SERVICE

12 12

The National Intelligence Organisation, attached to the Office of the Prime Minister, will directly take part in the preparation and implementation stages of Olympic security. It will participate in the formation of the Istanbul Data Collection and Evaluation Centre at an early preparation stage. As such, it will assume responsibility for the production of Olympic-related intelligence, especially that based on international sources, and put its risk analysis and management resources at the service of the Olympic Security Co-ordination Centre.

CONTROL OF AIR SPACE AND TERRITORIAL WATERS In the control of her airspace, Turkey

GOVERNMENT GUARANTEE For a letter of the Minister of the

Interior, confirming that the government of Turkey will make all necessary efforts to guarantee the safety and the peaceful celebration of the 2008 Olympic Games, please refer to Theme 18, Ref. 18.22. The letter also guarantees that the General Directorate of Security will make all security arrangements necessary for the peaceful and orderly running of the Istanbul Olympic Games, and that such services will be provided free of charge.

12 13

NO REGIONAL GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITY IN SECURITY MATTERS

follows the International Civil Aviation Organisation

(ICAO)

standards

and

supplementary region-specific procedures. Istanbul is equipped with Terminal Area (TMA) radar coverage, and all IFR and VFR flights are provided with air traffic control service.

As no level of regional government exists in Turkey between the central and provincial tiers (see paragraph 1.1 in Theme 1), no additional guarantee is needed to the one referred to in the previous paragraph.

Volume

12 14

12 Security

Olympic security organisation, and will co-

OCOG DEPARTMENT RESPONSIBLE FOR SECURITY MATTERS

ordinate the progressive creation of various departments to be entrusted with the responsibility for such functions in the

The working group within the IOBC responsible for drafting the preliminary security scheme will be transformed, after the awarding of the Games to Istanbul, into a security department. This department,

implementation phase. Diagram II on the next page shows how Olympic security functions will be organised in the fully-fledged implementation phase.

which will principally be assigned the responsibility of co-ordination between the IOBC and the IDS, will be constituted at the gubernatorial level. The department will be staffed by specialists capable of maintaining full and effective liaison with corresponding officials in the Olympic Security Co-ordination Centre. Communication, logistics, internal site security (accreditation and access control), and the personal protection of Olympic Family members will be the main areas in which the OCOG security department will have a high profile as a co-ordinating body.

12 15

ORGANISATION OF OLYMPIC SECURITY The Istanbul Olympic Security Co-

ordination Centre (OSCC), described in paragraph 12.7 above, will be established soon after the city is selected to host the 2008 Olympic Games and the IOBC is transformed into the Istanbul OCOG. During

the

general

planning

and

operational planning phases, the OSCC will rely on the flow of information provided by the Istanbul Data Collection and Evaluation Centre. The latter will function as a hub for the flow of information from various agencies that will take part in the preparation

and

implementation

Olympic security, as shown on the Diagram I herewith provided. Based on the information thus provided, the OSCC will undertake the planning of various functions of the

Diagram I ORGANISATION OF THE GENERAL PLANNING AND OPERATIONAL PLANNING PHASES OF GAMESâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; SECURITY

Volume

12 Security

Diagram II ORGANISATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION PHASE OF GAMES’ SECURITY

Volume

12 16

12 Security

RISK ANALYSIS

General risks connected with the Olympic territory are analysed as shown in the table below: Risk categories Fire

IMPORTANCE Buildings/Olympic facilities Industry Forests

Intrusion into Olympic facilities Civil disobedience

PROBABILITY

Maximum

Minimum

High

Minimum

High

Minimum

Maximum

Minimum

Medium

Minimum

Crime

Maximum

Minimum

Technological risks to essential Games services

Maximum

Minimum

Traffic violations

Medium

Low

Earthquake

Maximum

Medium

Flood

Maximum

Nil

Volcano

Maximum

Nil

Hurricane

Maximum

Nil

Maximum

Minimum

Natural catastrophes

Other catastrophes (chemical, biological, nuclear, plane crash, marine accident, serious land accident) Terrorism

Bomb attacks

Maximum

Minimum

Air, water or food contamination

Maximum

Minimum

Violence against VIPs and athletes

Maximum

Minimum

Intelligence gathering and close monitoring (via the use of the most advanced technology), plus the capability for prompt action, are deemed key elements in tackling the above categories of risk. Delegations and dignitaries facing special risks are to be evaluated, prior to the Games, in coordination with the intelligence bodies of their respective countries. The security of the facilities (many of them yet to be built), infrastructure, transport routes, and the telecommunications system will be planned in technical terms during the period of their erection. Fastidious selection (including background examination) and education of personnel operating and serving the abovementioned Olympic and urban facilities, with the participation of the gubernatorial, municipal and private agencies, is seen as essential to ensure effective protection.

12 17

EXPERIENCE OF SECURITY ORGANISATIONS IN MAJOR INTERNATIONAL EVENTS

The Turkish police in general, and the IDS in particular, have the widest possible experience in security arrangements for high-level international events. Among recent major international events where the IDS has implemented security arrangements are: ■

The International Telecommunications Union (ITU) meetings, including the World Radiocommunication (WRC) General Assembly, attended by 3,000 representatives from 189 countries over six weeks (1 May–10 June 2000). In this event, the IDS employed 110 officers for security purposes.

■

The Conference of Interior Ministers of 41 countries, attended by 300 dignitaries and VIPs over two days (6–7 April 2000), whose security was provided for by 652 officers.

■

The Summit of the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe

Volume

12 Security

(OSCE), attended by 250 VIPs and 12,000 participants for two days (18–19 November 1999), where 12,938 officers were assigned for security tasks. In 1996, Istanbul was host to the Second UN Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat II). Between 3 and 14 June 1996, around 20,000 people attended the event, including 13 heads of state and/or government, 211 foreign parliamentarians, 160 high-level officeholders, including the UN Secretary General and his staff, 3,638 delegates from 171 countries, and 627 representatives of local governments. Also in attendance were 83 representatives of UN agencies, 144 members of intergovernmental organisations, 2,500 representatives from 1,500 NGOs from all over the world, more than 6,000 nonofficial participants and some 4,000 members of the media. Istanbul's Atatürk Airport, transport routes to and from the Conference Valley and all around the city, sites in the Conference Valley, media centres, accommodation facilities, restaurants, etc., were all provided with an intrusion-proof security shield. A total of 15,000 officers took part in the execution of the Habitat II security plan.

As to international sports events at which the IDS has assumed responsibility for security arrangements, two recent examples to cite are: ■

The 34th Chess Olympiad attended by 1,750 persons, including 1,092 players from 126 countries, over 15 days (28 October–12 November 2000), whose security was provided for by a force of only 50 officers.

■

The 24th European Swimming, Diving, Synchronised Swimming and Long Distance Swimming Championships, attended by 5,000 persons, including a total of 1,598 athletes and officials from 43 countries for 10 days (22 July–1 August 1999), where 450 officers implemented the security arrangements.

Among other major sports events with high attendance held in Istanbul over the past ten years, it is worth citing: ■

■

Turkey, and particularly Istanbul, have hosted many other high-level international political events, including summits of the 47-member Organisation of Islamic Conference, summits of the Economic Cooperation Organisation (former RCD), and the founding session and Parliamentarians Assembly meetings of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC) since 1992. In April 1993, Ankara welcomed more than 100 foreign dignitaries, including heads of state and/or government and other statespersons, as they paid their last respects to the late President Turgut Özal on the occasion of his funeral. All these events have more than proved the capability of the Turkish security forces in ensuring absolute safety for any number of visiting VIPs.

■

The World Juniors Fencing Championships, 30 October–3 November 1992 (5,000 persons). The GR and Freestyle European Wrestling Championships, 5–16 May 1993 (20,000 persons). The European Juniors Swimming and Diving Championships, 8–11 July 1993 (5,000 persons). The GR European Cadets Wrestling Championships, 28–31 July 1994 (5,000 persons). The World Juniors Boxing Championships, 10–18 September 1994 (15,000 persons). The World Men’s and Women’s Weightlifting Championships, 17–28 November 1994 (10,000 persons).

13.1 13.2 13.2.1 13.2.2 13.3 13.3.1 13.3.2 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7

Emplacement des hôtels Chambres d’hôtels Hôtels existants Nouveaux hôtels Hébergement de la famille olympique Chambres obtenues Tarifs Tarifs concernant la famille non-olympique Spectateurs Planification de l’hébergement - Dispositions prises au niveau du transport Autres possibilités de logement

Location of Hotels Hotel Rooms Existing Hotels New Hotels Olympic Family Accommodation Rooms Obtained Rates Non-Olympic Family Rates Spectators Accommodation Plan–Transport Arrangements Other Accommodation

13.1 13.2 13.2.1 13.2.2 13.3 13.3.1 13.3.2 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7

HĂŠbergement

Accommodation

Volume

Hébergement

EMPLACEMENT DES HOTELS / LOCATION OF HOTELS

CHAMBRES D’HOTELS

L’information sur les hôtels existants et prévus est présentée dans les quatre tableaux bilingues (anglais et français) qui figurent après les paragraphes 13.2.1 et 13.2.2. Les nombres sur la colonne gauche de la liste continue correspondent aux nombres figurant sur la carte fournie sous le paragraphe 13.1 et indique l’emplacement respectif de l’hôtel dans la ville.

Volume

13 Accommodation

HOTEL ROOMS Information on existing and planned

hotels is presented in the four bilingual (English and French) charts that follow under paragraphs 13.2.1 and 13.2.2. The numbers on the leftmost column of the continuous list correspond to the numbers shown on the map provided under paragraph 13.1 and point to the location of the respective hotel in the city.

Volume

Hébergement

2 1

Hôtels existants / Existing Hotels

Pour les chambres et les prix obtenus, veuillez consulter les documents dans le Théme 18, Réf. 18.24.

Please see documents under Theme 18, Ref. 18.24 for rooms and prices obtained.

Chart A.1: Client group: Olympic Family (Hotels not designated by the IOC Executive Board for Olympic Family accommodation will be assigned to sponsors.) Tableau A.1: Groupe de clients: Famille Olympique (Hôtels qui ne sont pas désignés par la commission executive du CIO pour hébergement de la Famille Olympique seront assignés aux sponsors.)

Name of hotel

Category

N of rooms

Nom de l'hotel

Catégorie

N de chambres

Guarantees obtained

Prices in 2000 (US$)

Garanties obtenues

Prix en 2000 (US$)

Single room Double room

N of rooms

Signed by

N de chambres

Signée par

Chambre à 1 lit

Chambre à 2 lit

TAKSIM AREA / ZONE DE TAKSIM 1 Hyatt Regency Istanbul

5-star / 5 étoiles

360

220

Ömür Yeker

240

270

2 Divan Hotel

5-star / 5 étoiles

179

Korhan Demiröz

195

250

3 The Marmara Hotel

5-star / 5 étoiles

391

200

Feza Solaklar

165

185

4 Euro Plaza Hotel

5-star / 5 étoiles

156

100

Asl› Atasu

110

140

5 Hilton Istanbul

5-star / 5 étoiles

498

negotiating / en négociation

6 Ceylan Inter Continental

5-star / 5 étoiles

390

negotiating / en négociation

7 Golden Age-I Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

180

Hayriye Ayd›n

170

190

8 Hotel Kervansaray

4-star / 4 étoiles

Ferdi Aslan

170

190

9 Feronya Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

118

Hotel Management / Gestion d’hôtel

10 Crystal Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

214

Hayriye Ayd›n

170

190

11 Hotel Cartoon

4-star / 4 étoiles

Burak Atilla

12 Mercure Istanbul Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

192

Beyza Bediz

160

200

13 Keban Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

Aynur Dafltan

110

14 Richmond Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

109

Belgin Aksoy Ar›kan

150

175 100

15 Grand Hotel Haliç

4-star / 4 étoiles

177

100

Müjdat Morgül

16 Dilson Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

112

Nuri Göksel

100

130

17 Taksim Dorint Park Plaza

4-star / 4 étoiles

175

Rene Verhagen

350

400 100

18 Lamartine Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

Bora Y›ld›r›m

19 Nippon Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

153

100

Hotel Management / Gestion d’hôtel

110

120

20 Eresin Taxim

4-star / 4 étoiles

Müberra Eresin

170

190 120

21 Riva Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

Hotel Management / Gestion d’hôtel

22 Grace Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

Hotel Management / Gestion d’hôtel

110

23 Lion Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

104

Hayriye Ayd›n

170

190

24 The Madison Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

110

Hotel Management / Gestion d’hôtel

25 Savoy Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

Hasan Barut

100

26 Conrad Hotel

5-star / 5 étoiles

598

300

Hotel Management / Gestion d’hôtel

249

264

27 Ç›ra¤an Palace Hotel Kempinski Istanbul

5-star / 5 étoiles

315

60 (35 standard / 25 superior)

Erhan ‹mamo¤lu

343-442

376-475

28 Büyük Sürmeli Hotel

5-star / 5 étoiles

224

130

Hotel Management / Gestion d’hôtel

110

130

29 Hotel Dedeman Istanbul

5-star / 5 étoiles

338

100

Deniz ‹nel and / et Tekin fiengün

175

225

Orhun ‹nkaya

199

239

BEfi‹KTAfi AREA / ZONE DE BEfi‹KTAfi

30 The Plaza Hotel Istanbul

5-star / 5 étoiles

243

125

31 Swissôtel The Bosphorus

5-star / 5 étoiles

585

negotiating / en négociation

32 Ortaköy Princess

5-star / 5 étoiles

negotiating / en négociation

33 Hotel Maçka

4-star / 4 étoiles

181

140

Suat Erat

100

34 Sed Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

Hotel Management / Gestion d’hôtel

110

35 Mim Inter Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

111

negotiating / en négociation

36 Park-SA Hilton Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

119

negotiating / en négociation

Volume

13 Accommodation

Chart A.2: Client group: Other (Capacity not allocated to specific client groups will be available for spectators) Tableau A.2: Groupe de clients: Autres (La capacité qui n’est pas alloué aux groupes de client specific sera disponible pour les spectateurs)

37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102

Name of hotel

Category

Nom de l'hotel

Catégorie

ATAKÖY-BAKIRKÖY / ZONE D’ATAKÖY-BAKIRKÖY Crowne Plaza Istanbul 5-star / 5 étoiles Polat Renaissance 5-star / 5 étoiles Ç›nar Hotel 5-star / 5 étoiles Radisson SAS Conference Airport Hotel 5-star / 5 étoiles Holiday Inn Marina 4-star / 4 étoiles Adela Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Günefl Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Epos Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Demirköy Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Florya Park Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Airport Inn Hotel Special / Spéciale OLD CITY / VIEILLE VILLE Merit Antique Istanbul 5-star / 5 étoiles Akgün ‹stanbul Hotel 5-star / 5 étoiles Eresin Hotel Istanbul 5-star / 5 étoiles Hotel Zurich 4-star / 4 étoiles Hotel Romance 4-star / 4 étoiles Hotel Yi¤italp 4-star / 4 étoiles Best Western International The President 4-star / 4 étoiles Hotel Arcadia 4-star / 4 étoiles Kalyon Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Yaflmak Sultan Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Color Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Fuar Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Hotel Armada Istanbul 4-star / 4 étoiles Kent Otel Istanbul 4-star / 4 étoiles Antik Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Çara Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Orient Express Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Prince Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Senatör Hotel Best Western International 4-star / 4 étoiles Grand Gülsoy Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles ‹kbal Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Özmen Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Royal Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Aspen Sa¤lam Otel 4-star / 4 étoiles Grand Emin Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Büyük fiahinler Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Nanda Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Olcay Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles PianoForte Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Grand Anka Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Grand Madrid Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Aziyade Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Gabali Grand Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Grand Gazala Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Black Bird Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Hotel ‹lkay 3-star / 3 étoiles Hotel Erboy 3-star / 3 étoiles Grand Yavuz Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Hotel Grand Ons 3-star / 3 étoiles Green Anka Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Hotel Olimpiyat 3-star / 3 étoiles Laleli Gönen Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Grand Medya Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Keçik Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Carlton Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Grand Washington Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Dallas Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Klas Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Askoç Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Büyük Keban Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles And Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Mozaik Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Merdan Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Bar›n Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Orsep Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles

N of rooms N de chambres

298 383 222 246 179 118 130 36 290 120 19 272 275 247 125 63 83 204 48 101 84 106 61 110 76 96 107 54 100 102 140 162 102 128 70 65 130 68 155 50 108 47 105 65 50 81 60 63 84 92 65 59 63 60 72 50 134 69 116 95 132 45 116 30 60 52

Guarantees obtained

Prices in 2000 (US$)

Garanties obtenues

Prix en 2000 (US$)

Client group Groupe de Clients

N of rooms

Signed by

N de chambres

Signée par

FIBA, FINA, Media / Média 160 Baflar Eryöner FISA, FIC, Media / Média 250 An›l Beydafl T›naz IWF, ITU 120 S. Jale Kibritçio¤lu IBAF, FIG, ISF negotiating / en négociation Media / Média 120 Baflar Eryöner Media / Média 80 Hotel Management / Gestion d’hôtel Media / Média Media / Média Media / Média Media / Média Media / Média IAAF, AIBA, FILA FIE, IHF, FIH, IJF VTF, ITTF, FITA Media / Média Media / Média Media / Média IBF Media / Média

FIVB

200 Senem Üngüderler 150 Vedat Akgün 150 Tijen Günyol 90 Hotel Management / Gestion d’hôtel 20 Çetin Koca 10 Tar›k Özaktafl 90 Erhan Çakay 35 Erhan Kösemihal 30 Turgut Topçu 40 fieref Tunca 40 Ali Ekinci 30 Birol Afyon 75 Hotel Management / Gestion d’hôtel 76 Nimet Gül 70 Metin Pamuk 50 Esat Koç 20 Bedrettin Karaca 75 Bülent Öven and / et Hamza Çiner negotiating / en négociation

20 20 40 92 65 20 50

Çetin Koca Bedrettin Karaca Duygu Çelik Nejat Laçin Hotel Management / Gestion d’hôtel fieref Tunca Ayla Aytekin

Single room

Double room

Chambre Chambre à 1 lit à 2 lit 200 190-215 120

225 220-245 140

140 70

160 95

125 140 150 60 80 70 85 70 117 64 60 70 150 120 30 90 80 110

135 190 170 80 120 90 100 80 129 80 75 110 160 150 40 140 100 130

60 70 50 60 40 40 60

80 90 60 80 60 50 90

Volume

Hébergement

Chart A.2, continued / Tableau A.2, a continué

103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171

Name of hotel

Category

Nom de l'hotel

Catégorie

Sultan Hotel Oran Hotel Büyük fiehzade Hotel Hal› Hotel Intersport Hotel Baron Hotel Kazakistan Hotel Paradise Hotel Kuran Hotel Ferhat Hotel Benler Hotel Santa Sophia Hotel Orient-Mintur Hotel Amber Otel Erden Hotel Emin Hotel Pierre Loti Hotel Nemport Hotel Afliyan Hotel Grand Lord Hotel Astor Hotel Martinenz Hotel fiahinler Otel Yaztur Hotel Gold Hotel Atefl II Hotel Monaco Hotel Resteria Hotel Laleli Hotel Restige Hotel Prestige Hotel Sö¤üt Hotel Seres Hotel Gönen Hotel Hamidiye Hotel Grand Savur Hotel Washington Hotel ‹pek Palas Hotel Eyfel Hotel Seranda Hotel Avlonya Hotel Ebru Hotel Mola Hotel Kaya Hotel Selenay Hotel Antea Hotel Akgün Hotel Bekdafl Hotel Kordon Hotel Blue House Hotel Hotel Betes Karacabay II Hotel Öncü Hotel Balance Hotel Ayasofya Pensions Hotel Hippodrome Tash Konak Sultanahmet Hotel Daphnis Hotel Alzer Fehmibey Hotel Four Seasons Hotel Karasu Green Hotel Yusufpafla Kona¤› (Best Western) Arena Hotel Sultanahmet Saray› Nomade Hotel A.Vezirhan Hotel Ambassador Hotel Citadel Hotel

3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale

N of rooms N de chambres 133 80 48 80 116 94 67 36 40 61 94 40 43 58 107 36 36 44 87 51 130 90 96 72 78 52 55 54 40 54 114 44 50 65 209 78 56 66 87 116 56 35 56 156 58 45 87 88 42 26 50 50 21 45 62 17 20 19 20 15 65 15 20 27 36 15 9 23 31

Guarantees obtained

Prices in 2000 (US$)

Garanties obtenues

Prix en 2000 (US$)

Client group Groupe de Clients

ITF

N of rooms

Signed by

N de chambres

Signée par

40 Murat Öztürk 17 Hotel Management / Gestion d’hôtel 20 Burhan Çay›o¤lu 12 Mete Gündo¤du 10 fiahika Atay 15 Nefle Öksüz negotiating / en négociation

Single room

Double room

Chambre Chambre à 1 lit à 2 lit

72 50 30 90 65 40

96 70 40 110 85 65

Volume

13 Accommodation

Chart A.2, continued / Tableau A.2, a continué

172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235

Name of hotel

Category

Nom de l'hotel

Catégorie

Spectra Hotel Special / Spéciale Antique Hotel Special / Spéciale Sidera Hotel Special / Spéciale Yeflilev Hotel Special / Spéciale Poem Hotel Special / Spéciale Sümengen Hotel Special / Spéciale Historia Hotel Ottoman House Special / Spéciale ‹brahim Pafla Hotel Special / Spéciale Cordial Hause Hotel Special / Spéciale Köflk Turkuaz Hotel Special / Spéciale Sarn›ç Hotel Special / Spéciale Empress Zoe Hotel Special / Spéciale Uyan Hotel Special / Spéciale St.Sophia Hotel Best Western International Special / Spéciale Bar›fl Hotel Special / Spéciale Spina Hotel Special / Spéciale Valide Sultan Kona¤› Special / Spéciale Sar› Konak Hotel Special / Spéciale ‹shakpafla Kona¤› Special / Spéciale Aflk›n Hotel Special / Spéciale Acropol Hotel Special / Spéciale TAKS‹M AREA / ZONE DE TAKSIM Festival Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Taksim Plaza Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Grand Star Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Yakut Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles Usta-II Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Golden Age-II Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles The Green Park Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Aygün Hotels 3-star / 3 étoiles Elan Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Taksim Gönen Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Lodge Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Cihangir Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Monopol Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Troya Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Residence Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Bale Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Taksim Square Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Villa Zürich Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Hotel Pera Palas Special / Spéciale Galata Residence Apart Hotel Special / Spéciale Bahar Apart Hotel Special / Spéciale Vardar Palace Hotel Special / Spéciale Taksim Suites Special / Spéciale Bosphorus Residence Apart Hotel Special / Spéciale BEfi‹KTAfi AREA / ZONE DE BEfi‹KTAfi Tafll›k Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles La Maison Inter Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Villa Blanche Hotel Special / Spéciale Anadolu Karavan Special / Spéciale MEC‹D‹YEKÖY-fi‹fiL‹ AREA / ZONE DE MEC‹D‹YEKÖY-fi‹fiL‹ Hotel Istanbul Conti 4-star / 4 étoiles Konak Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Niza Park Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Mega Center / Mega Residence Special / Spéciale Maritim Apart Hotel Special / Spéciale Akmerkez Residence Apart Hotel Special / Spéciale ‹ST‹NYE AREA / ZONE D’ISTINYE Grand Hotel Tarabya 5-star / 5 étoiles ‹stanbul Princess Hotel 5-star / 5 étoiles Fuatpafla Hotel Special / Spéciale S‹L‹VR‹ AREA / ZONE DE S‹L‹VR‹ Klassis Hotel 5-star / 5 étoiles Kumburgaz Princess Hotel 5-star / 5 étoiles Hamitbey Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Malibu Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Silivri Park Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles Öz C›han Hotel 3-star / 3 étoiles

N of rooms N de chambres

Guarantees obtained

Prices in 2000 (US$)

Garanties obtenues

Prix en 2000 (US$)

Client group Groupe de Clients

N of rooms

Signed by

Single room

Double room

Chambre Chambre à 2 lit à 1 lit

N de chambres

Signée par

64 60 55 15 100

Hayriye Ayd›n Do¤an Ezik Hotel Management / Gestion d’hôtel Hotel Management / Gestion d’hôtel Ayla Aytekin

25 8

Leyla Taflk›n Cemal Ekingen

Sak›p Beygo

Nihan Sezan

25 25

Mustafa Küçükçakan Nefle Cav

85 80

125 100

19 17 14 19 17 71 25 19 35 13 16 19 17 27 30 24 17 17 19 22 26 106 142 96 50 60 64 81 63 42 127 58 52 64 77 46 63 87 45 145 11 11 40 14 10

Media / Média FIFA, Media / Média

Sponsors / Sponsors

77 34 40 10 88 25 44 30 11 10

120 53 60 30 60

160 64 80 45 90

25 % off rack rate 117

268 305 49

Sponsors / Sponsors UCI, UIPM, ISSF

150 negotiating / en négociation

Erol Gediko¤lu

100

120

304 398 36 56 88 40

FEI

150 negotiating / en négociation

Handan Boyce

101

125

Volume

Hébergement

Chart A.2, continued / Tableau A.2, a continué Guarantees obtained

236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266

Name of hotel

Category

Nom de l'hotel

Catégorie

Family Hotel Sel Hotel Pelikan Hotel Kumburgaz Hotel Tem Hotel ‹kizler Hotel Blacksis Hotel Bigados Hotel Klassis Golf ve Country Club KADIKÖY AREA / ZONE DE KADIKÖY Suadiye Princess Hotel Harem Hotel Sidonya Hotel Aden Hotel Eysan Hotel Grand As Hotel Kad›köy R›ht›m Hotel Bosphorus Pasha Hotel Park Residence Hotel OTHER / AUTRE Mir Club Country Pen Hotel fiile Resort Hotel Kuzey Y›ld›z› Hotel Grand fiile Hotel Hilde Motel Durusu Park Resort Hotel Halki Palas Hotel Büyükada Princess Splendit Hotel Saydam Planet-II Hotel H›div Köflkü Hotel Polka Country Hotel

N of rooms N de chambres

3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles Special / Spéciale

90 48 63 53 69 60 84 74 116

3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale

152 100 36 76 36 56 54 14 12

3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles 3-star / 3 étoiles Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale Special / Spéciale

183 32 52 54 54 10 66 38 24 70 12 16 19

Prices in 2000 (US$)

Garanties obtenues

Prix en 2000 (US$)

Client group Groupe de Clients

N of rooms

Signed by

N de chambres

80 ISAF

Signée par

Sedef Baran

Single room

Double room

Chambre Chambre à 1 lit à 2 lit

117

negotiating / en négociation

2 2

Nouveaux hôtels / New Hotels

Pour les chambres et les prix obtenus et les garanties de construction, veuillez consulter les documents dans le Thème 18, Réf 18.25

Please see documents under Theme 18, Ref. 18.25 for rooms and prices obtained and construction guarantees.

Chart B.1: Client group: Olympic Family (Hotels not designated by the IOC Executive Board for Olympic Family accommodation will be assigned to sponsors.) Tableau B.1: Groupe de clients: Famille Olympique (Hôtels qui ne sont pas désignés par la commission executive du CIO pour hébergement de la Famille Olympique seront assignés aux sponsors.)

Name of hotel Nom de l’hotel

267 268 269 270

Category Catégorie

TAKS‹M AREA / ZONE DE TAKSIM The Ritz-Carlton Istanbul 5-star / 5 étoiles Park Hotel 5-star / 5 étoiles Hotel Grand Markiz Special / Spéciale ‹stanbul Anemon Special / Spéciale

Number of rooms N de Chambres

244 288 30 29

271 Taxim Residence Special / Spéciale BEfi‹KTAfi AREA / ZONE DE BEfi‹KTAfi 272 Four Seasons Hotel on the Bosphorus 5-star / 5 étoiles 273 Bilek Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles

150 125

Special / Spéciale

110

274 Akaretler S›ra Evleri

Construction guarantees Guarantees obtained Garanties relatives aux constructions Garanties obtenues Construction timelines N of rooms Signed by Delai de Construction guaranteed Signée par Signed by Obtained N de chambres Signée par Obtenue Begins Ends garanties Début Fin Yes / Oui Michel Blachi to be received / à recevoir Yes / Oui Okan Miralem Istanbul Department of Tourism / Departement de Tourisme d’Istanbul Yes / Oui Kalman Yüksel

1999 April / Avril-2001 2000

2002

2001 1998

2003 2001

Yes / Oui Levent Gürçay 2001 2003 Istanbul Department of Tourism / Departement de Tourisme d’Istanbul 2000 2002 to be received / à recevoir 1999 May / Mai-2001

Prices in 2000 (US$) Prix en 2000 (US$) Single Double room room Chambre Chambre à 1 lit à 2 lit

Michel Blachi 425-625

Volume

13 Accommodation

Chart B.2: Client group: Other (Capacity not allocated to specific client groups will be available for spectators) Tableau B.2: Groupe de clients: Autres (La capacité qui n’est pas alloué aux groupes de client specific sera disponible pour les spectateurs)

Name of hotel Nom de l’hotel

Category Catégorie

Client Number Group of rooms Groupe N de de Chambres clients

ATAKÖY-BAKIRKÖY AREA / ZONE D’ATAKÖY-BAKIRKÖY 275 Dedeman Hotel / World Trade Center 5-star / 5 étoiles 300 276 ‹stanbul Kaya Hotel

5-star / 5 étoiles

320

277 Kale Yap› Hotel

5-star / 5 étoiles

468

278 Florya Hotel

5-star / 5 étoiles

280

279 MNG Hotel / World Trade Center

4-star / 4 étoiles

334

280 Mega Residence Airport Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

334

281 The Green Park Hotel

4-star / 4 étoiles

238

282 Silver Plaza Hotel

3-star / 3 étoiles

132

OLD CITY / VIEILLE VILLE 283 Beyazsaray

4-star / 4 étoiles

102

284 All Seasons Hotel

3-star / 3 étoiles

285 Erez-2 Hotel

3-star / 3 étoiles

286 Eresin Sultanahmet Hotel

Special / Spéciale

Media / Média

Construction guarantees Guarantees obtained Garanties relatives aux constructions Garanties obtenues Construction timelines N of rooms Delai de Construction guaranteed Signed by Signed by Obtained N de chambres Signée par Signée par Obtenue Begins Ends garanties Début Fin Yes / Oui

Dedeman Holding A.fi. Istanbul Department of Tourism / Departement de Tourisme d’Istanbul Istanbul Department of Tourism / Departement de Tourisme d’Istanbul Yes / Oui Hayat Turizm Ticaret A.fi. Media / Yes / Oui Mapa Construction Média & Trading Co.Inc. Istanbul Department of Tourism / Departement de Tourisme d’Istanbul Istanbul Department of Tourism / Departement de Tourisme d’Istanbul Istanbul Department of Tourism / Departement de Tourisme d’Istanbul Yes / Oui

Beyazsaray ‹nfl. Tur. Paz. Tic. A.fi. Istanbul Department of Tourism / Departement de Tourisme d’Istanbul Istanbul Department of Tourism / Departement de Tourisme d’Istanbul Yes / Oui Müberra Eresin

MEC‹D‹YEKÖY-fi‹fiL‹ AREA / ZONE DE MEC‹D‹YEKÖY-fi‹fiL‹ 287 ‹stanbul Levent Hotel 5-star / 5 étoiles 246 5-star / 5 étoiles 334 Sponsors / 288 Maryot Hotel Sponsors 289 Tat Hotel 5-star / 5 étoiles 200 3-star / 3 étoiles 56 290 Ç›nar-2 Hotel

Yes / Oui Yes / Oui

Adnan Çebi Cevahirler ‹nfl. Taah. Tic. Ltd. fiti. to be received / à recevoir Istanbul Department of Tourism / Departement de Tourisme d’Istanbul

2001

2003

1999

2001

1999

2001

2002

2005

2001

2003

2000

2002

1999

2001

1999

2001

2000

2002

1999

2001

1999

2001

Feb-1999

280

Hayat Turizm Ticaret A.fi.

$80

$90

May-2001

Müberra Eresin / Assistant General Manager

$270

$300

1999 1999

2002 2001

200 250

Adnan Çebi Cevahirler ‹nfl. Taah. Tic. Ltd. fiti.

$196

$220

1999

2001 2001

2003

500

Nalan Atalay / Uran Holding A.fi.

$87

$100

Ömer ‹syar

190

240

‹ST‹NYE AREA / ZONE D’‹ST‹NYE 291 Prestige Hotel 5-star / 5 étoiles

500

S‹L‹VR‹ AREA / ZONE DE S‹L‹VR‹ 292 Trakya Grand Hotel 5-star / 5 étoiles

208

Istanbul Department of Tourism / Departement de Tourisme d’Istanbul

1999

2001

KADIKÖY AREA / ZONE DE KADIKÖY 293 Grand Bostanc› Hotel 4-star / 4 étoiles

168

1999

2001

294 Dila Hotel

3-star / 3 étoiles

2000

2002

295 Çerkezköy Turistik Tesisleri

Special / Spéciale

Istanbul Department of Tourism / Departement de Tourisme d’Istanbul Istanbul Department of Tourism / Departement de Tourisme d’Istanbul Istanbul Department of Tourism / Departement de Tourisme d’Istanbul

2000

2002

4-star / 4 étoiles

105

2001

2003

Special / Spéciale

330

1998

2004

OTHER / AUTRE 296 Aytemiz Hotel 297 Kemer Golf & Country Club

Sponsors / Sponsors

Yes / Oui

Nalan Atalay / Uran Holding A.fi

Istanbul Department of Tourism / Departement de Tourisme d’Istanbul Yes / Oui Ömer ‹syar

Single Double room room Chambre Chambre à 1 lit à 2 lit

120

Volume

13 Accommodation

have accommodated high dignitaries (including President Clinton) in the past.

OLYMPIC FAMILY ACCOMMODATION

The IOBC accommodation plan for the Olympic Family covers (a) approximately 16,000 athletes and team officials who will be housed in the Olympic Village, and (b) the IOC, IF and NOC group of guests who will be housed in official IOC hotels, as per the IOC Manual for Candidate Cities.

3. The Ataköy/Bak›rköy area is proposed as an alternative to Taksim or Befliktafl in case the IOC prefers hotels close to the two main clusters of competition sites. This area also includes an adequate number of five-star (and four-star) rooms. The IOBC, however, considers this functional advantage as being more significant for other categories of Olympic guests (such as some IF headquarters, the media and international judges and referees) than the Olympic Family per se. Still, it is prepared to modify its plans to suit overall Olympic priorities.

On the understanding that the IOC Executive Board will designate the official IOC hotels, the IOBC proposes an outline of criteria and feasible arrangements to accommodate the (b) group of Olympic Family members. ■

The estimated 1,800 rooms will be provided in five-star hotels that are located close to one another. There are two clusters of such high quality hotels in the city that the IOBC considers especially suitable for the Olympic Family. The IOC may choose either one of these hotel areas, or decide on the alternative shown below: 1. The Taksim area, which is the site of the Hilton, Intercontinental, Hyatt Regency and Ritz Carlton (opening April 2001) hotels, among others, has 4,543 existing five- and four-star hotel rooms. With the additional 532 fivestar rooms that will be available within the next couple of years, Taksim’s hotels can comfortably meet Olympic Family requirements. 2. The Befliktafl area, which includes the Ç›ra¤an Palace Kempinski, Swissotel the Bosphorus, Conrad and Four Seasons (opening December 2002) hotels, among others, with an existing number of 2,847 five- and four-star rooms. Another 385 five- and fourstar rooms will be available by 2003. Compared to Taksim, the area has fewer four-star rooms, but enjoys a unique advantage in terms of natural site characteristics. All of the abovementioned hotels are located on the European shore of the Bosphorus, and

■

The IOC Executive Board’s designation of any of the above sites for official IOC hotels will meet with IOBC’s plans to accommodate the following groups of persons or others designated by the IOC in official IOC hotels: 1. IOC members (including honorary and honour members) and persons accompanying them, in one hotel. 2. Presidents and Secretaries General of the IFs whose sport appears on the programme of the Olympic Games, persons accompanying them, and other IF officials. 3. Presidents and Secretaries General of the NOCs participating in the Games and persons accompanying them. 4. IOC staff and IOC interpreters to be accommodated within walking distance of the IOC members’ hotel. 5. Members of IOC commissions, IOC advisors, consultants and agents, and IOC guests. 6. Delegations of OCOGs of future Olympic Games. 7. Representatives of the Organising Committees of future IOC Sessions. 8. Delegations from Candidate Cities of future Olympic Games. 9. Presidents and Secretaries General of the IFs whose sport appears on the

Volume

13 Accommodation

existing five-star or four-star hotels. The state of on-going negotiations with hotel managements gives good reason to expect a significant rise in these numbers well before the awarding of the 2008 Games. To that end, the IOBC has secured the services of the ISEVV Consortium of four leading congress organisers in Turkey.

programme of the Olympic Winter Games. 10.Delegates of recognised IFs or organisations. ■

Again irrespective of the hotel site chosen, the IOBC has planned for: 1. Suite type accommodation for members of the Olympic Family, including the IOC President, the IOC Director General and others as per relevant rules and regulations. 2. Meeting and conference facilities as per relevant rules and regulations. 3. A video wall in the room of the IOC President and two similar video walls at IOC office premises as directed by the IOC Secretary General. 4. Reception of international television signals of the Games in IOC staff offices and Olympic Family hotel rooms.

In the two hotel areas proposed for the Olympic Family, 1,968 five-star or four-star rooms have been obtained in existing Taksim hotels and 905 five-star or four-star rooms have been obtained in existing Befliktafl hotels. In the Ataköy/Bak›rköy area, where the MMC will be set up, 1,010 rooms (730 in existing hotels) have been obtained. These, and 1,697 rooms (1,672 in existing hotels) obtained in the old city, will be particularly suitable to meet the needs of the media. Not included in the above mentioned areas are an additional 230 five-star rooms obtained in the Klassis Hotel and Klassis Country Club, which is the proposed site for equestrian events.

Excluding the estimated 1,800 rooms required for the Olympic Family, at least 17,313 five-star or four-star rooms will be available to accommodate additional IF delegates and staff (800 rooms), international judges and referees who require hotel rooms, media members not residing in the Media Village (about 2,000 rooms) and sponsors (7,000 rooms). More than 14,000 five-star or four-star rooms already exist for these groups. The IOBC has signed a protocol with the Housing Administration of Turkey (TOK‹) for the construction of a Media Village to house 15,000 media representatives and a Judges’ and Referees’ Village to accommodate 2,500. These are planned within TOK‹’s Halkal› Housing Project and relevant guarantees have been provided (see Guarantees, Ref. 18.17 and 18.8).

3 1

Rooms Obtained

As of December 2000, the IOBC has obtained 7,602 hotel rooms (6,087 in existing hotels). Of these, 5,179 are in

Negotiations are continuing to increase the percentage of reserved rooms in these hotels, as well as reaching additional agreements. Among the latter are two Princess hotels, one in ‹stinye and the other in Suadiye, the former of which will be convenient for the UCI,UIPM, ISSF and the latter for ISAF headquarters respectively. The management of several hotels have stated that they will provide signed documents confirming these arrangements.

3 2

Rates

Single and double room prices in hotels proposed for the Olympic Family are shown in Chart A1 in US$ for the year 2000 as quoted by various hotels. These prices vary from US$70 for a standard single room in several four-star hotels to US$475 for a superior double room in the Ç›ra¤an Palace Hotel.

Volume

13 Accommodation

Based on the US Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Deflator inflation index for the period 2000-2005 (Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 2001), the stipulated increase in respective prices of hotel rooms quoted in the chart is 17.2 percent for the year 2008.

Istanbul. These are largely historic buildings (old Ottoman mansions, town houses, public buildings, etc.) that are renovated as superior category small hotels. Examples include the existing Four Seasons Hotel (formerly a jail) and the one planned within walking distance of the Ç›ra¤an Palace Hotel. Investors in these projects are usually firms that already operate one or more such special hotels in the city.

NON-OLYMPIC FAMILY RATES

Maximum hotel rates that apply in Istanbul in the year 2000, as provided by the Ministry of Tourism, are shown below. As in Paragraph 13.2.2 above, prices for 2008 may be calculated to be 17.2 percent higher than those in 2000. Category 5-star 4-star 3-star 2-star 1-star

Maximum price in 2000 (US$) Single room Double room 1,000 225 150 240 86

1,300 280 200 300 111

Room rates in the Media Village with at least a three-star level of comfort will be between US$50 and US$70 in 2000 figures (about US$60-US$85 in 2008).

The IOBC is working on a programme to accommodate young spectators from abroad with volunteering host families. This will increase the percentage of young spectators from abroad, allowing them to economise on living costs and making event tickets more affordable. It will also contribute significantly to cultural exchange.

SPECTATORS

Istanbul offers the spectators a wide range of hotels in terms of levels of price and comfort. All of the main hotel areas are served by public transport and are conveniently located with respect to competition sites. Several processes that constantly improve Istanbul’s accommodation capacity will have a direct bearing on the quantity and quality of hotel rooms available in 2008. One is the strong private investment in new hotels and another is the periodic renovation and upgrading of existing hotels, both of which are expected to accelerate if Istanbul is awarded the Games. The third process relates to the very successful special category hotels in

ACCOMMODATION PLAN – TRANSPORT ARRANGEMENTS

There are two main clusters of competition sites: the Olympic Park and the Southern Complex at Ataköy. Except for the Village site just south of the Olympic Park, most of the traffic to these competition sites will originate in the east, where the Olympic Family and most of the spectators will reside. The third multi-sport site of ‹stinye will have a more even distribution of passenger origins. As indicated under Theme 14, below, the main mode of transport between the Olympic Village and competition sites will be shuttle buses, while that for official Olympic Family members residing in hotels will be dedicated cars. The other large group that will benefit from Olympic road transport is the media, which will have a special transport system, also explained under Theme 14. The proposed accommodation sites for the Olympic Family have easy access to main roads (coastal and radial) and highways that partly serve as ring roads, which will be

Volume

13 Accommodation

designated as Olympic routes. Media shuttles (Media Village-MMC and MMCcompetitions sites) will also use these Olympic routes. Two major Municipal bus terminals at (Topkapâ&#x20AC;ş and MecidiyekĂśy), on the other hand, will be central to the spectator bus system. The majority (61 percent) of the spectators will use Olympic rail transit. The primary interchange terminal of Yenikapâ&#x20AC;ş will serve as the main hub of rail transport, while a secondary hub will be located at Esenler. Both of these points are centrally located to serve main hotel areas and competition sites. Spectators will not be allowed to travel to the Olympic Park by car, but will benefit from Municipal bus transport adapted for the Games.

OTHER ACCOMMODATION

The following table outlines the minimum accommodation capacity that will be available in Istanbul by 2008. To provide an overview, it includes hotel rooms indicated in Charts A1, A2, B1 and B2. The total capacity shown on the table is 57,747 rooms. However, the table does not include 21 other university housing facilities that accommodate another 12,844 students because information on respective room numbers has not yet been made available to the IOBC. Nor does it include a large number of hotels and guesthouses belonging to the Armed Forces, which may be used to accommodate local volunteers and staff from the Armed Forces or from their families.

Category

Existing Planned Number of Number of Number of Number of properties rooms properties rooms

Hotels included in Charts A1-2 and B1-2 2-star hotels 1-star hotels Holiday village Municipality licensed 2nd and 3rd class hotels Municipality licensed motels and pensions Floating hotels Municipal guest houses Other guest houses University campus TOTAL

266 170 70 1

24333 6493 2389 238

535

12887

32 2 11 10 22 1119

512 245 1138 279 2577 51091

31 9 2

6028 360 34

2 44

234 6656

OFFRE Transport aérien 14.1 Données aéroportuaires 14.2 Réseau de dessertes Autoroutes, routes principales et stationnements 14.3 Réseau 14.4 Principaux lieux de stationnements Système de transports publics 14.5 Réseau 14.6 Véhicules et trafic Distances et temps de déplacement 14.7 Tableau 14.8 Cartes B. DEMANDE 14.9 Besoins globaux 14.10 Spectateurs

OFFER Air transport Airport data Flight network Motorways, Main Roads and Parking Network Main Parking Areas Public Transport System Network Vehicles and Traffic Distances and Journey Times Table Maps DEMAND Overall Needs Spectators

A. 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 14.8 B. 14.9 14.10

C. 14.11 14.12 14.13 14.14 14.15 D. 14.16 14.17 14.18

CONCEPT Plan stratégique des transports Objectifs principaux Planification stratégique Organisation Mesures Billetterie Phases de test et d’entraînement PLANIFICATION ET GESTION Autorités Information Garanties

CONCEPT Strategic Transport Plan Main Objectives Strategic Planning Organisation Measures Ticketing Test Event and Training Phases PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT Authorities Information Guarantees

C. 14.11 14.12 14.13 14.14 14.15 D. 14.16 14.17 14.18

Transports

Transport

Volume

14 Transport

OFFER

Istanbul is accessible by air, sea, rail and motorway, presenting residents of many countries in the region with convenient transport options to join in the celebration of the Games. Two major highways with interconnected ring roads serve the city. Istanbul’s rapid transit system, which is partially operational at present, is the single largest project being implemented in the city to facilitate public transport.

■

runway capacity by 15 percent. Management of the Atatürk International Airport has confirmed in writing that the former two projects will be completed well before 2008. An almost three-fold increase in passenger capacity is planned at the Kurtköy Sabiha Gökçen International Airport. The Airport Management and Aeronautical Industries Inc. that operates the airport confirms that the additional international terminal with an annual passenger capacity of seven million will come into service by 2005.

AIR TRANSPORT 14

AIRPORT DATA

Domestically, the Atatürk Airport handles 1,358 regular direct flights per week of Turkish Airlines, which serves 34 cities nationwide. Frequency of incoming and outgoing flights increases in summer. Distribution of international flights, as presented in table form, points to the extensive network of European flights, followed by Asian and North American ones.

Runway Restrictions capacity on night (movements/ flights Domestic International Domestic International hr) Number of Departure Gates

FLIGHT NETWORK

The following information relates to the Atatürk International Airport only, since the Kurtköy Airport has only recently opened.

Istanbul is served by two international airports, one on the European and the other on the Asian side of the city. The main airport is the Atatürk International on the European side; its new international terminal was opened in January 2000. Kurtköy International, on the Asian side was opened in January 2001. The third airport included in Istanbul’s airport system for the Games is at Çorlu, very conveniently located to handle equestrian traffic. Information on the three airports is given below.

Airport

Terminal capacity (passengers/hr)

Regular direct

Regular with stopovers

Total Regular

Continent

Number of cities

Flights/ Week

Number of cities

Flights/ Week

Number of cities

Flights/ Week

130

Atatürk International

1,200

3,500

None

Kurtköy International

5001

1,5001

None

Africa

1,000,000 passengers/yr

None

Asia

330

113

443

Europe

1,191

850

108

2,041

Çorlu2

1 Hourly estimate provided by the airport authority based on annual capacity 2 For equestrian traffic; data on hourly passenger capacity unavailable

Improvements are planned in both of Istanbul’s two airports, irrespective of the outcome of the city’s bid to host the Olympic Games. ■

The capacity of the international terminal at the main airport will be increased by 43 percent (from the present 14 million passengers per year to 20 million passengers per year), and five new international departure gates will be added to the existing ones. The new runway under construction will increase

Australia

South America

105

North America

355

397

Total

1,626

119

1,525

210

3,151

MOTORWAYS, MAIN ROADS AND PARKING 14

NETWORK

Istanbul is settled mainly along the east-west axis on the two continents of Asia and Europe. Two road bridges crossing the Bosphorus connect the two parts of the city.

Volume

14 Transport

The existing (2000) network of highways and main roads is summarised below. ■

■

The E80 State Highway and the TransEuropean Motorway (TEM) connect Istanbul to other cities in the country, as well as to European and Middle Eastern countries. With a cross-continental bridge on each, they also serve Istanbul as ring roads. The 24-kilometre section of the E80 Highway circles the central city area from the north. The remainder extends outside the central area. The TEM is a fully access controlled 2x4lane motorway to the north of the E80 State Highway. The section of the TEM between the Mahmutbey tollbooths near the Olympic Park and Kozyata¤› on the Asian side serve urban, as well as transit traffic. On both the European and the Asian sides of the city, there are high quality, 2x3-lane roads along the Marmara coast. High standard divided roads that run along the north-south axis interconnect the east to west running coastal roads, the E80 and the TEM. These have multilevel junctions at points of intersection. These and other major roads such as the radial avenues or boulevards of Millet, Vatan, Piyalepafla, Büyükdere and Ba¤dat total 2,000 kilometres in length.

Planned (2008) infrastructure will enhance the existing network significantly. ■

■

A new motorway planned to the north of the TEM will provide Istanbul with a third ring road. Interconnected with the TEM, it will run along the immediate north of the Olympic Park (see Map). The 2x3-lane Çobançeflme Junction (near the Southern Complex in Ataköy)Olympic Park-Northern Motorway will be completed by 2002. The Intercity Bus Terminal (Esenler) – ‹kitelli road and Seyrantepe Junction – Maslak and Seyrantepe Junction – Atatürk Sanayi Sitesi roads connecting to the TEM are scheduled for completion before 2008.

The main routes that Olympic traffic will utilise will be the E80 State Highway, the TEM Motorway, Coastal Main Roads, the

planned Northern Motorway, and interconnecting roads along the northsouth axis. Radial roads (such as Millet Caddesi, Vatan Caddesi, Piyalepafla Bulvar› and Büyükdere Caddesi) from the main hotel areas of Taksim and Sultanahmet (Istanbul’s historic peninsula) to the perimeters will also be used for Olympic transport. All roads other than the section of the TEM to the Klassis Equestrian Club, which is proposed for equestrian events, and the two bridges across the Bosphorus, are toll free. Car toll to Klassis is US$1.10 (one way in 2000) and may be avoided by taking the E80 instead. The toll is paid only one way across the bridges and the present rate for car is US$1.50.

MAIN PARKING AREAS

There are 324 covered and 1,294 open parking lots in Istanbul, with a total capacity of 251,000 vehicles. Sixty percent of existing parking capacity is in the central districts of Eminönü, Beyo¤lu, Fatih, Befliktafl and fiiflli. Parking capacity around main hotel areas, shopping centres and competition sites other than the Olympic Park is 115,000. Most of the remaining capacity serves transfer points of land-sea and land-rail traffic. (See Map)

Volume

14 Transport

The Greater Istanbul Municipality has planned for an overall addition to parking capacity of 181,000 in the city. The majority of new capacity will be in open parking lots. Work is underway to implement these projects in 53 different locations, increasing parking capacity in these areas by 27 percent. Most of these new parking lots are around the central city areas and near rail transit stations to serve as park-and-ride areas. Since the Games period coincides with the summer academic recess and vacation time, when a significant proportion of the urban population moves to summer residences or resorts, no major parking problem is foreseen in central city areas. Restricting private car access to competition sites will also reduce parking demand. Meanwhile, extensive parking space is planned at the Olympic Park for buses, minibuses and taxis.

PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM 14

NETWORK

The existing (2000) public transport network operates on road, rail and sea routes, with the emphasis shifting to rail. ■

■

IETT, which is a general directorate attached to the Greater Istanbul Municipality, operates bus and funicular transport services in the metropolitan area. It provides services on a network of 6,100 kilometres over 591 routes covering an area of 2,500 square kilometres. Under IETT control, privately owned buses serve over 220 routes. The bus system consists of a large number of trunk lines and shorter (more frequent) local lines. Minibus services, mostly owner-operated, are provided along 123 fixed routes, set by the Municipality. TCDD (Turkish State Railways) operates suburban rail services on a 27.6-kilometre route on the European and 44.2kilometre route on the Asian side of Istanbul. The Greater Istanbul Municipality operates an 18-kilometre LRT line and an 11-kilometre tramline on the European side.

■

The first phase of the Istanbul Metro, opened in October 2000, operates on an eight-kilometre route along one of the most congested transport corridors in the city. State-owned passenger and vehicle ferries and the Municipality-owned Istanbul Sea Bus Corporation (IDO) provide public transport by sea.

Planned (2008) improvements in the public transport system are based primarily on the comprehensive study of the Istanbul Transportation Master Plan. These have particular significance in Olympic terms since rail (commuter, metro, LRT and tram) will be the main transport mode, especially for spectators. An extensive construction and upgrading programme has been commenced to extend the present rail transit network by about 150 kilometres. Information on financing and construction timelines is provided in table form under Paragraph 14.8, below. The Olympic Park, as well as the vast majority of other Olympic sites and venues, will be accessible by a highcapacity, fast and environmentally friendly rail transit system (see Map). The Bosphorus Railway Tunnel Crossing will link the Asian and European commuter lines, which will be upgraded as rapid transit lines. This will provide rail connection between the airports on the two sides of the city. Metro and LRT lines will link central city districts to the Olympic Park, as well as the Village site of Halkal› that is now served by Municipal buses. All transit lines will be served by highcapacity park-and-ride facilities, which will be available at no extra charge to ticketholders during the Games. This will make public transport an attractive alternative for spectators and help restrict private car access to competition sites to authorised vehicles. Metro (underground): Construction has started to extend the existing Taksim–4th Levent Metro line south for physical integration with commuter rail services at the Yenikap› primary interchange terminal. The 3.2-kilometre northern extension of the

Volume

14 Transport

Metro, on the other hand, will serve a major business district developed around Maslak. This north-south Metro line will further be extended to the northeast, penetrating some of the most densely populated urban areas and be integrated with the planned LRT link to the Olympic Park. The Park will also be served by a northern extension of the commuter rail line from Halkalâ&#x20AC;ş. Planned construction of new lines and extensions will provide Istanbul with a 47kilometre Metro network by 2008. LRT: A far-reaching LRT network of 78 kilometres is planned to serve densely populated areas that are not served by the Metro. The airport connection of the existing LRT line is under construction. A major extension of the existing LRT line will link the Intercity Bus Terminal to the Olympic Park.

VEHICLES AND TRAFFIC

About one fourth of the total number of motor vehicles in Turkey are registered in Istanbul. Although public transport accounts for 60 percent of the 10 million motorised daily trips in the city, more than half of all daily trips are made by buses and minibuses. The existing (2000) bus fleet includes 2,569 IETT (Municipal) buses that carry about two million passengers per day (328 passengers/km) and 1,160 privately operated buses that carry about 1.3 million passengers per day. The share of buses in motorised daily trips totals one third. About 7,000 minibuses carry an average number of two million passengers per day. The existing fleet of about 18,000 taxicabs is fully fitted with meters and partly organised in radio-linked groups. Together with 700 shared-taxis, they account for about one million passenger trips per day. Current rail traffic on main rail transit lines is summarised on the right in table form. State owned passenger and vehicle ferries (73 vessels) account for 220,000 passenger

Length (km)

Traffic (passenger/day)

Traffic density Capacity (passenger/day/km) (passenger/hr/direction)

Suburban rail

72.0

172,000

2,389

10,000

LRT

18.0

165,000

9,167

22,000

Tramway

11.0

135,000

12,273

12,000

Metro

8.5

90,000

10,588

60,000

109,5

562,000

51,324

104,000

Total

trips per day on average. The IDO operates 14 sea buses over 39 lines, serving 22 terminals in the metropolitan area and carrying 20,000 passengers per day. The IDO also operates high-speed intercity car ferries over five lines across the Marmara Sea. The predicted (2008) rise in the cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population sets the average number of motorised daily trips at an estimated 16 to 17 million. Since the Games will be held during the high season for vacation, a 25 percent decrease is expected in the normal weekday peak hour traffic. Although the overall share of public transport is likely to remain about the same, the share of rail transit in total public transport is expected to reach 25 percent by 2008. This will reflect a significant switch from bus and especially minibus rides to rail transport. The introduction of the extensive rail transit system to serve high demand areas will facilitate more efficient and better quality operation of buses and minibuses. The Municipality plans to reorganise bus and minibus routes, reducing the number of trunk lines and integrating them with local (feeder) lines in outer city areas. The IETT plans to increase the Municipal fleet by 1,200 buses by 2008. The overall share of buses and minibuses in motorised daily trips, on the other hand, will be reduced to an estimated one third by 2008. During the Olympic Games, buses and cars assigned to members of the Olympic Family will have exclusive use of dedicated lanes on main streets and access roads. Overall, 85 percent of the spectators will use the Olympics adapted public transport system, with an estimated 61 percent being transported by rail and 24 percent being transported by buses and minibuses.

Volume

Transports

DISTANCES ET TEMPS DE DEPLACEMENT 14

TABLEAU / TABLE

ZONE NUMBER / NUMERO DE ZONE

FROM - TO DE - À

Olympic Village / Js'&Rs' Village / Olympic Stadium/ Main Hotel Area 1 Media Village MPC/IBC Olympic Park (Taksim) Village Olympique/ Stade Olympique/ CPP/CIRTV Zone principale des Village des Juges et Parc Olympique hôtels 1 (Taksim) des Arbitres/ Village des Médias Peak Off Peak Off Peak Off Peak Off hours peak hours peak hours peak hours peak temps hours temps hours temps hours temps hours Km Km Km Km de temps de temps de temps de temps pointe moyen pointe moyen pointe moyen pointe moyen (min/mn) (min/mn)

(min/mn) (min/mn)

Main Hotel Area 2 (Old citySultanahmet) Quartier des Zone principale des hôtels 2 (Vieille VilleSultanahmet) Peak Off hours peak temps hours Km de temps pointe moyen

(min/mn) (min/mn)

Main Hotel Area 3 Main Hotel Area 4 (Befliktafl) (Bak›rköy) Quartier des Zone Zone principale des principale des hôtels hôtels 4 (Bak›rköy) 3 (Befliktafl) Peak hours temps Km de pointe

(min/mn) (min/mn)

Peak Off hours peak temps hours Km temps de moyen pointe

(min/mn) (min/mn)

Off peak hours temps moyen

(min/mn) (min/mn)

EN VOITRE / BY CAR Olympic Village / Js'&Rs' Village / Media Village 1 Village Olympique/ Village des Juges et des Arbitres/ Village des Médias 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Olympic Stadium / Olympic Park Stade Olympique/ Parc Olympique MPC/IBC - CPP/CIRTV Atatürk International Airport Aéroport International d'Atatürk Kurtköy International Airport Aéroport International d'Kurtköy Ba¤c›lar Badminton Hall Salle de Badminton de Ba¤c›lar Rowing & Canoeing - Aviron and Canoë Klassis Equestrian Club - Club équestre du Klasis ‹stinye /Enka/Polygon - ‹stinye /Enka/Polygone ‹stanbul ‹nönü Stadium - Stade d'‹nönü d'‹stanbul Caddebostan Olympic Marina Marina Olympique de Caddebostan Belgrad Forest - Forêt de Belgrade Ataköy Dome / Olympic Natatorium / Beach Volleyball Centre / Mydonose Showland Dôme d'Ataköy/ Natatorium Olympique/ Stade de Volleyball de Plage/ Mydonose Showland Yeflilyurt Sports Club - Club Sportif de Yeflilyurt Abdi ‹pekçi Hall / Kazl›çeflme Arena Salle Abdi ‹pekçi/Arène de Kazl›çeflme

2 75 26 27

3 60 30 30

3 60 22 20

5 75 27 25

8 60 25 25

8 60 21 20

12 60 30 20

15 65 30 25

10 65 22 20

25 80 10 1

28 65 20 5

23 65 15 5

23 14

20 14

18 12

9 3

20 10

15 6

23 15

24 17

20 13

EN TRANSPORTS PUBLICS / BY PUBLIC TRANSPORT Olympic Village / Js'&Rs' Village / Media Village 1 Village Olympique/ Village des Juges et des Arbitres/ Village des Médias 2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Olympic Stadium / Olympic Park Stade Olympique/ Parc Olympique MPC/IBC - CPP/CIRTV Atatürk International Airport Aéroport International d'Atatürk Kurtköy International Airport Aéroport International d'Kurtköy Ba¤c›lar Badminton Hall Salle de Badminton de Ba¤c›lar Rowing & Canoeing - Aviron and Canoë ‹stinye /Enka/Polygon - ‹stinye /Enka/Polygone ‹stanbul ‹nönü Stadium - Stade d'‹nönü d'‹stanbul Caddebostan Olympic Marina Marina Olympique de Caddebostan Belgrad Forest - Forêt de Belgrade Ataköy Dome / Olympic Natatorium / Beach Volleyball Centre / Mydonose Showland Dôme d'Ataköy/ Natatorium Olympique/ Stade de Volleyball de Plage/ Mydonose Showland Yeflilyurt Sports Club - Club Sportif de Yeflilyurt Abdi ‹pekçi Hall / Kazl›çeflme Arena Salle Abdi ‹pekçi/Arène de Kazl›çeflme

2 26 27

17 42 29

15 37 29

5 27 25

25 46 31

22 41 31

12 30 20

24 40 27

20 35 27

25 10 1

37 24 10

32 20 10

25 23 14

38 38 23

32 33 23

22 9 3

40 23 13

35 20 13

12 23 15

27 40 25

25 35 25

Volume

14 Transport

DISTANCES AND JOURNEY TIMES 14

MAP / CARTE

Volume

14 Transport

DEMAND

SPECTATORS

14 10

The estimated number of spectators

OVERALL NEEDS

at the two main clusters of competition The IOBC estimates that about 12,000

venues (the Olympic Park and the Southern

recruits will be needed for Olympic

Complex in Ataköy) and at ‹stinye, which is

transport services. Of these, about 7,000

the third multi-sport site, as well as their

will be drivers to meet the requirements of

distribution by source and mode of

two drivers per car and 1.5 per bus. The

transport are shown in table form.

majority of drivers will be professionals who

Number of spectators

Olympic Park

recruited from among tourist guides and

Southern Complex

university

‹stinye

addition

Modal split (percent)

256,086

Bus/ minibus 20

1,167.390

72,962

89,910

158,175

10,545

19,350

Total

alternative routes in the city. Others will be students.

Source (percent)

Site

are already familiar with main and

Average Maximum Istanbul Turkey

2,956,986 173,940

Abroad

Rail

requirements of language proficiency and communication skills, all drivers will complete

comprehensive

The estimated number of spectators for

training

each venue and site is based on such

programme on primary and regular

parameters as respective capacity of

Olympic traffic.

venues, total number of seats available to spectators, expected ticket sales and level

The transport communications centre will

of interest in specific sports. Proposed

release documentary information (guides,

modes of transport, on the other hand, take

timetables, bulletins on Olympic activity

into account site locations with respect to

and other travel advice) and provide real

various transportation services, estimated

time transport information through a call

points of origin of spectator groups and

centre and website. Special transport

parking schemes. No spectator cars will be

documents and a call centre will be

allowed in the Olympic Park, for example,

available for accredited groups. In addition,

although the site is being developed with

transport liason officers will be assigned to

extensive parking areas.

different groups (teams, IFs, media, etc.) and Olympic sites (including five- and four-

Overall, rail transport is planned for 61 percent

star hotels, as well as Olympic and Media

of the spectators and bus/minibus transport is

villages, MMC, competition and training

planned for 24 percent. The remaining 15

sites). They will have direct access to

percent will be transported by car.

information on road closures, clearways and alternative routes to ensure swift traffic flow. Recruitment and the training

CONCEPT

programme for transport liason officers will be integrated with that for drivers.

STRATEGIC TRANSPORT PLAN

Transport logistics staff will be organised in co-operation

with

national

and

city

MAIN OBJECTIVES

transport authorities. Its management will participate in the development of categoryand venue-based transport plans, including parking schemes, to ensure smooth

The IOBC plans on setting up services that will: Ensure punctuality, convenience and

■

implementation. It will also co-ordinate the

quality of transportation that will satisfy

transport workforce of drivers and liason

all

officers.

contributing significantly to the success

Olympic

of the Games.

requirements,

thus

car 0

Volume

■

14 Transport

Incorporate special transport arrange-

necessary) and shifts to alternative routes.

ments for the Olympic Family, IFs, media

The addition of a limited number of rail cars

and other accredited groups along

will also be planned.

relevant guidelines (shuttle services, dedicated cars, special transport and

The major constraint of the transport plan

vehicles,

hired

is identified as spectator transport between

transport, etc.) Emphasise the environmentally friendly

the Olympic Park and central city areas.

■

visitor density will be planned before the

■

modes of transport and vehicles. Minimise the negative impact of Olympic

finalised.

■

transport on daily life in the city. Ensure prompt handling of potential

freight

handling,

Major test events approximating Olympic Olympic Park transport programmes are

emergencies through prior testing of ■

back-up plans. Maximise cost efficiency in Olympic

STRATEGIC PLANNING 14 12

ORGANISATION

transport, as well as in overall Games organisation.

Organisation of Olympic transport will follow from a set of planning documents

In practice, the transport plan aims at: ■ Separating official Olympic traffic from

that will define strategies, programme

general spectator traffic. Separating competition site traffic from

contingency plans and timelines, together

■

regular daily traffic. This will be

areas, operational principles, procedures, with powers and responsibilities.

facilitated by the location of sites in general and the location of the Olympic ■

Park in particular. Distinguishing between unique (e.g. equestrian) vs. common and focal (e.g. Village, MMC) vs. dispersed transport needs, as well as between regular vs. critical

■

(peak

arrivals,

peak

site

attendance, etc.) demand. Discouraging use of private cars and promoting public and shared transport; setting up vehicle pools that will be available for different categories of the Olympic Family on request. Limiting parking permits and directing

The transport system for the Olympic

authorised vehicles to specific parking

Family will meet IOC, NOC and IF

lots. Training drivers and other transport staff

requirements as outlined in the IOC Manual

■

about Olympic travel and routes. Controlling and co-ordinating traffic

documents. It will be designed to ensure

■

through an integrated network of main

and comfort.

■

for

Candidate

Cities

and

punctuality, as well as maximum security

and secondary transport centres. On arrival, members of the Olympic Family Contingency plans will be developed for

will enjoy special services at the airport.

Olympic Family and spectator transport.

With appropriate accreditation, they will be

These will include reserve capacity in

welcomed with no visa requirements or

vehicles and personnel, alternative modes

customs formalities. This will facilitate their

of transport (including VIP helicopters, if

rapid transfer from the airport to their

Volume

14 Transport

respective points of accommodation by

14 13

MEASURES

dedicated cars or buses. On departure, advance and group check-in arrangements

As already mentioned, immigration

will be made and transport liason officers

and customs formalities will be reduced to

will

a minimum to ensure swift flow of traffic at

accompany

groups

from

their

accommodation to the airport right up to

the

passport control. The Atatürk International

including dedicated lanes, restrictions on

Airport will handle all Olympic Family

primary and inner city roads, re-routing of

flights, including charter planes that NOCs,

normal traffic and banning street parking,

for example, may choose to use.

will be easily made in Istanbul since the city

airports.

Traffic

arrangements,

is accustomed to, and the authorities are ■

Dedicated cars will be the primary means

well experienced in, such arrangements on

of transport for Olympic Family members

the occasion of high level international

other than athletes and officials. There

events.

will also be scheduled bus services and provisions for free travel on the spectator

The coincidence of the Games period with

transport system for this group.

vacation time will relieve normal city traffic

team officials and technical

significantly (by an estimated 25 percent).

officials will have dedicated bus fleets

In addition, industries near main Olympic

that will provide scheduled, pre-booked

sites will be encouraged to plan factory

and on-request transport services. They

shut down periods during the Games in

will have access to car pools and special

2008.

■Athletes,

vehicles as required. They will also have

■

free travel on the public and Olympic

All normal deliveries within the Olympic

spectator transport systems.

Ring, an area of five-kilometres in diameter

Accredited media transport will be based

around main Olympic sites, will be

on the star principle with the MMC as the

restricted to early morning hours (e.g.

main hub or central point of the star, as

midnight to 5:00 AM). Other zoning

required. There will also be transport sub-

arrangements will be made to adjust daily

centres to facilitate transport of media

pickup and delivery patterns to Olympic

members, depending on the competition

transport plans. In co-operation with

schedule. In addition to regular and frequent media shuttles, requirements for special vehicles, cars and staffing will

major businesses and retailers to build up inventories and stocks prior to the Games. Time schedules will be drawn up for food

be met. ■

carriers, incentives will be introduced for

OCOG, logistical support staff and

deliveries.

volunteers will travel free on the public and

Olympic

transport

systems.

Management will have access to car and bus fleets to assign for specific tasks as

Pedestrian routes will be designated between Olympic sites and nearby railway stations in the area.

needed. ■

All of the above mentioned groups will have

parking

reserved

authorisation,

parking

corresponding

parking

areas stickers

with and on

vehicles. ■

Spectators will travel free on the Olympic transport system.

14 14

TICKETING Combined electronic and telephone

ticketing will be offered. Holders of tickets for events will travel free on the spectator Olympic transport system.

Volume

14 Transport

At present, the integrated electronic ticketing

system

(Akbil)

PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT

14 16

AUTHORITIES

enables

passengers to travel on Municipal (IETT) and privately operated buses, ferries and sea buses, LRT, metro and commuter trains in Istanbul. No problem is foreseen

The Istanbul Olympic Transport

in introducing an integrated electronic

Authority will have ultimate responsibility

ticketing system for the Games.

for developing, testing, implementing and monitoring the Olympic transport plan, as well as its co-ordination with the daily

14 15

TEST EVENT AND TRAINING PHASES

traffic in the city. It will have an executive board chaired by the OCOG Director of Transport. The board will include the

The Istanbul Olympic Transport Plan

Director of the Municipal Department of

will be subject to periodic trial and

Transport, the General Manager of IETT

improvement in advance of the Games.

(Municipal bus company), the Directors

The process will involve the testing of

General of Asian and European State

specific

and

Railways, the Regional Directors of the

associated training programmes. The IOBC

State Highway Authority (for 1st and 17th

will:

regions covering Istanbul and environs)

transport

components

and the Traffic Control Authority attached ■

Test venue transport plans. This will

to the Istanbul Department of Security.

start with the Olympic Stadium, which is

■

due for completion in December 2001,

A government-level protocol will be drawn

and the Ataköy Dome. Major events will

be scheduled for these two key sites

responsibilities of representatives of various

early on, especially to provide an insight

ministries in the Olympic Transport

into incident management.

Authority.

Test specific components of Olympic

ordination will be established by a board

Family transport, spectator transport,

chaired by the Undersecretary of the

etc.

Prime

Develop trial procedures for transport

undersecretaries of relevant ministries

command, control and communications.

(e.g. Interior, Transport, Public Works,

Provide transport managers and staff

Environment, and Maritime).

co-ordinate

These

powers

principles

Ministry

and

co-

including

with information directly relevant to training programmes.

Under the Turkish Olympic Law, the IOBC (the forerunner of the Istanbul OCOG) is

If Istanbul is awarded the 2008 Olympic

authorised to make all arrangements for

Games, pre-Olympic test events for almost

the Olympic Games, while all public bodies

every sport on the Games programme will

are obliged to provide priority services to

take place between 12 to 18 months in

the IOBC.

advance of the games. These will be highlevel international events and will ensure

14 17

INFORMATION

rigorous testing of the transport system, as well as allowing for sufficient time for corrective measures.

At present, the Traffic Management Centre attached to the Greater Istanbul Municipal

Department

Transport

monitors and controls signalised road junctions and main roads throughout the

Volume

14 Transport

city. There are 720 signalised road junctions in the city. Of these, 167 are computer monitored and manipulated, when

necessary,

from

the

Traffic

Management Centre. Traffic on main roads and intersections is also monitored through 10 cameras positioned in key locations. The Traffic Management Centre informs drivers of traffic densities by radio. The number of signalised road junctions will rise to 1,000 by 2004. Work is underway to increase computer monitored and manipulated signalised junctions to 416 and the number of traffic monitoring cameras to 100 by 2004. Istanbul’s being awarded the 2008 Games will speed up improvements in traffic management

and

communications

facilities. Istanbul already has a welldeveloped

telecommunications

infra-

structure and will have state-of-the-art technology in place to monitor traffic and Olympic transport operations.

14 18

GUARANTEES Relevant authorities have provided

guarantees for all projects mentioned in reply to questions under this theme. The original documents have been submitted to the IOC and respective reference numbers have been indicated on the column at the far right of the following table.

Due for completion

Guarantee Reference

Project

Financing

Stage of project

Yenibosna–Atatürk International Airport Light Rail Taksim-Yenikap› Subway

Greater Istanbul Municipality + domestic and foreign loans Greater Istanbul Municipality + domestic and foreign loans Greater Istanbul Municipality + domestic and foreign loans

Construction under way

2001

18.26/Mayor

Construction under way

2002

18.26/Mayor

2003

18.26/Mayor

2007

18.26/DLH

2007

18.26/DLH

Project designed

2003

18.26/Mayor

Project being designed

2004

18.26/Mayor

Project being designed

2004

18.26/Mayor

Project being designed

2002

18.26/State Highway Authority

Project designed

2004

18.26/State Highway Authority

Project under study Project under study Project under study

20024

18.26/Mayor

20024

18.26/Mayor

20024

18.26/DLH

Construction Intercity Bus Terminal – under way Mahmutbey – ‹kitelli – Olympic Park – Baflak Housing Subway + Light Rail Turkish-Japanese Gebze–Haydarpafla; Sirkeci DLH1 joint venture – Halkal› Surface Rail successful in 1 2 DLH + foreign loan (OECF) engineering Eminönü–Üsküdar Rail prequalification Tube–Tunnel Crossing tender. Construction to start in May 2000

4th Levent–Ayaza¤a Subway Greater Istanbul Municipality + domestic and foreign loans Zeytinburnu – Güngören – Greater Istanbul Municipality + domestic Ba¤c›lar Tramway and foreign loans Greater Istanbul Yenikap› – Topkap› Municipality + domestic Ba¤c›lar Subway and foreign loans State Highway Authority + Çobançeflme Junction – IOBC3 + domestic and Olympic Park South foreign loans Junction – Olympic Park North Junction Highway Hasdal Junction – Olympic State Highway Authority Park North Junction – Had›mköy Junction (3rd Ring Road connection) Greater Istanbul Halkal›– ‹kitelli Light Rail Municipality + foreign loan Kartal – Kurtköy – Pendik – Greater Istanbul Municipality + foreign loan Tuzla Light Rail Halkal›– Olympic Village – DLH1 Olympic Park – Halkal›(loop) Surface Rail General Directorate of Atatürk International Airport/Capacity increase Atatürk Airport

Planned

Before 2008

18.26/Gen. Dir. of Atatürk Airport

1 Ministry of Transportation General Directorate of Railways, Harbours and Airports Construction 2 Overseas Economic Co-operation Fund of Japan 3 Istanbul Olympic Bidding Committee 4 Project completion date

15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 15.6 15.7 15.8 15.9 15.10 15.11 15.12 15.13

Plans et méthodes de recrutement Niveau d’ouverture du marché Licences accordées Organismes régulateurs du marché Gestion des fréquences Infrastructures de téléphonie fixe et de transmissions de données Infrastructures de téléphonie mobile Infrastructures satellites et sous-marines Infrastructures Internet Réseaux radios privés Services offerts Tarifs Nouvelles organizations, infrastructures et nouveaux services

Plans and Methods of Recruitment 15.1 The Market's Level of Openness 15.2 Licences Awarded 15.3 Regulatory Bodies for the Market 15.4 Frequency Control 15.5 Fixed Telephony and Data Transmission Infrastructure 15.6 Mobile Telephony Infrastructure 15.7 Satellite and Submarine Infrastructures 15.8 Internet Infrastructures 15.9 Private Radio Networks 15.10 Services Offered 15.11 Tariffs 15.12 New Organisations, Infrastructure and Services 15.13

Technologie

Technology

Volume

15 Technology

PLANS AND METHODS OF RECRUITMENT

THE MARKET’S LEVEL OF OPENNESS TO COMPETITION

The IOBC considers that the major part of the staffing and training work for

A new law, which came into effect in

the technology requirements of the

January 2000, brought fundamental

Istanbul 2008 Olympic Games will depend

changes to the regulated telecommu-

on close co-operation with the key

nications environment in Turkey and

sponsors, which already have well-

introduced a significant step towards the

established branches in Turkey, and several

liberalisation of the sector and the

third-party service providers. One of the

privatisation process. The key results of

main missions of the Istanbul OCOG’s

the new legislation were the formation of

Technology Department will be managing

an independent regulatory body, the lifting

and co-ordinating these sponsors and

of the monopoly in basic voice and data

service providers in fulfilling staffing and

services by 31 December 2003, complete

training requirements.

liberalisation of value added services, introduction of price regulations, and a

The IOBC estimates that 200 person-years

plain

will

design,

procedures. A government plan to sell 33.5

development, testing, standardisation and

percent of Turk Telekom shares to a

implementation phases of the Olympic

strategic partner was passed in December

telecommunications

2000.

system.

required

for

the

and

addition,

information

around

definition

interconnection

5,000

volunteers, 750 of them specialists, will be

At present, there are two mobile telephone

needed to carry out technology services

operators in Turkey, namely TURKCELL

during the time of the Games.

and TELS‹M. Two additional operators will commence activities in 2001. One of these

In order to hire the relatively large number

new operators will be Turk Telekom itself,

of specifically skilled staff, especially in the

and the other, ISTIM will be a joint venture

venue technology implementation field,

between ‹fl Bankas›, a major local bank, and

the

an Italian partner, Telecom Italia.

Istanbul

OCOG

will

take

into

consideration market place (and above) salaries, and seek recruitment of personnel

Other

telecommunication

service

who have participated either in previous

providers in Turkey are six cable TV

Games or similar-sized one-off events.

operators, more than 80 Internet service

Furthermore, it will also engage short and

providers, two VSAT operators – COMSAT

medium term specialist consultants to

and VER‹NET – and Dexar, which provides

carry out specific jobs.

DirectPC services of Hughes Network Systems and supplies the NOC of Turkey.

As to volunteers, recruitment, training and management policy will primarily be based on

the

contractual

obligations

LICENCES AWARDED

technology sponsors. Turkey’s rapidly non-governmental

As fixed voice and data networks are

voluntary organisations, and Istanbul’s

solely installed and operated by Turk

currently 300,000-strong pool of youth in

Telekom, there are no licenses issued in

higher education, will provide the Istanbul

this category.

growing

body

OCOG with a vast source of potential volunteers.

Two licenses were issued for GSM 900 in 1994, and two for GSM 1800 in April 2000.

Volume

15 Technology

No third generation UMTS licenses have

The amounts represent rates for a one-

been awarded to date.

year

frequency

reservation;

for

reservations of periods shorter than six months, rates should be calculated by 15

REGULATORY BODIES FOR THE MARKET

multiplying the respective yearly rate by the respective fraction of the year for which the reservation is sought.

The Ministry of Communications is exclusively responsible for setting the

1. â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Right to useâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; certificate

policies for the telecommunications sector

Radio transmitters up to 50kW (per terminal)

US$ 11.4

TV transmitters (each)

in Turkey. At present, it is also responsible

22.8

Transponders (each)

for issuing new licenses, e.g. for UMTS. On 15 August 2000, the Telecommu-

11.4

120 channel radio link system (per terminal)

22.8

Radio-TV- telecommunication satellite ground terminal (each)

57.0

2. Operational fees a. VHF,UHF, SHF systems (per channel, per terminal)

nications Authority replaced the former General Directorate of Radio Transmissions. The Authority has the res-

Simplex channels

2.28

Duplex channels

4.56

Duplex relay channels

6.84

ponsibility to regulate the industry in

b. Radio link systems (per hop, per channel)

economic and technical terms, to control

c. Satellite stationary ground terminal

0.23 114.00

and supervise it, to arbitrate the interfaces, to plan and allocate the frequency

spectrum, and to ensure that a competitive

5 3

Assurance

atmosphere prevails in the sector. It is an independent, legal public entity with

For a letter by the Chairman of the

administrative and financial autonomy, and

Telecommunications Authority, confirming

governed by a Telecommunications Board.

that the Authority is prepared to allocate the

necessary

frequencies

for

the

organisation of the 2008 Istanbul Games, 15

5 1

FREQUENCY CONTROL

and will include reservation of these frequencies as required in its allocation plans for the proposed Games period,

The body responsible for controlling the frequencies The Telecommunications Authority,

please refer to Theme 18, Ref. 18.27.

described above under paragraph 15.4, is responsible for allocating and controlling radio transmission frequencies.

1 15

5 2

FIXED TELEPHONY AND DATA TRANSMISSION INFRASTRUCTURE Level of domestic telephony facilities

Tariffs The level of telephony penetration, as Payment will be required for the

reservation

radio

transmission

of November 2000, in Turkey and in Istanbul, is presented below in table form.

frequencies during the period of the Istanbul 2008 Olympic Games.

Telephony Digital lines

What follows is a representative summary of the tariffs set for the year 2001, in US$ equivalents at the current exchange rate.

Analogue lines Total lines Penetration level

Turkey

Istanbul

17,524,000

3,900,000

3,145,000

100,000

20,669,000

4,000,000

31 %

39 %

Volume

15 Technology

6 2

NEWBRIDGE

Level of the telephone network

Leased line subscribers can access the network from 64 Kbps to 2 Mbps speed

Turk Telekom’s telephone network in

with

integrated

modems.

HDSL

public switching is mainly digital, using

technology is also used in the Newbridge

products of Nortel Networks (DMS100),

TDM network. Newbridge TDM nodes are

Alcatel (S12), and Siemens (EWSD). At

installed in more than 80 cities.

present, there are no operators other than Turk Telekom in the public switching network. 15

TELLABS High

6 3

speed

point

data

connectivity and frame relay access

Level of digitisation

requirements are satisfied via this network.

Eighty-five percent of the telephone network is digitised.

The two networks (Newbridge and Tellabs) are connected with each other via 2 Mbps

6 4

gateways to provide interconnection

Data transmission services

among the users of the two networks. The VPN (Virtual Private Network) service is

There are two data transmission

also made available for the users of the

networks providing service in Turkey.

two TDM networks. By the VPN facility, the

Maximum rate for the services provided is

users of each TDM network can manage

2.4 Gbit/second.

their private networks.

TURPAK (Turkish Packet Switched Data

Network) supports ITI, DIAL-UP, X-25, SDLC,

6 5

Level of security

and Frame Relay. The security of the Turk Telekom This network is accessible all around

fixed infrastructure is maintained against:

Turkey, with 87/113 Mbps international connections provided to 68 countries and

1) Disruption due to breakdowns and

72 networks. Direct access to TURPAK

sabotage: There are alternate routes of

services is provided via ITI, X.25 and SDLC

fibre optic cable between telephone

protocols. Access over the telephone

exchanges. All cable is underground.

network is via public access (ITI) and

Manholes at 70-metre intervals are

specific access (ITI, X.32, X.25) protocols.

connected

with

multi-conduit

runs.

Splicing is done in the manholes. The TTNET (Turk Telekom’s public IT network) operates with the following

technologies: FR/LL, PSTN, ATM, ADSL, B-

undesirable elements: Standard levels of

ISDN.

security are provided by Turk Telekom’s

Interference

competitors

own staff and the police. Backbone

155 Mbps (ATM Rings), with redundancy

Intercity Istanbul-Europe

2/34 Mbps 8/34 Mbps via Turksat satellite

Istanbul-USA

45/45 Mbps via fibre optic cable

Ankara-USA

34/34 Mbps via fibre optic cable

6 6

Virtual private networks Virtual private networks are available on the Turk Telekom Network, such as

There are two public TDM networks in operation at the present:

TTNET and TURPAK.

Volume

15 Technology

6 7

GSM 1800 Mhz. system will start operation in January 2001. Third generation UMTS

Connection between sites

has not been licensed as yet. All sites scheduled to host events of the Istanbul 2008 Games are connected by

7 4

fibre optic networks for the transmission of voice, video and data signals. Plans have

Support of WAP and GPRS type protocols

been already put into place to install a new The

switching centre within the Olympic Park.

above-described

networks

support WAP and GPRS protocols. 15

MOBILE TELEPHONY INFRASTRUCTURE

7 5

Sufficiency of installed stations

7 1

Present mobile telephony operators

Level of mobile telephone facilities

currently

have

sufficient

network

equipment to cover a traffic over and above that normally expected during daily

Nationwide, there are, as of endmobile

peak hours, as well as during national

telephone subscribers in a population of 65.8

holidays. If Istanbul is elected to host the

million, which means a penetration rate of 24

2008 Games, such equipment will be

percent. Turkey has the highest rate of

supplemented in sufficient quantities to

increase of usage of mobile phones in Europe.

carry the traffic expected during period of

November

2000,

15.7

million

the Games. 15

7 2

Territory covered

7 6

Radio frequency distribution

The two operators (TURKCELL uses Ericsson, and TELSâ&#x20AC;šM uses Motorola and

The radio frequency distribution by

Nokia equipment), singly or combined, cover

mobile telephony service operators in

all the cities, all interconnecting highways,

Turkey is shown below in table form:

and the coastline. Considering the size of the country, there may be parts too remote

Operator

System

Channels - frequency

to provide coverage, but the penetration

TURKCELL

GSM900

50 channels in the 900 MHz frequency band

TELSâ&#x20AC;šM

GSM900

50 channels in the 900 MHz frequency band

ISTIM

GSM 1800

rate achieved in only five years of operation and the enthusiasm of the public for

6 channels in the 900 MHz frequency band 75 channels in the 1800 MHz frequency band

wireless telephony should ensure maximum possible coverage in the near future.

7 7

Pager network

The province and the city of Istanbul have total mobile telephone coverage. The network is fully capable of servicing the traffic expected during the Games. 15

7 3

Types of service offered Second generation GSM 900 Mhz.

service has been available since 1994. The

A pager network with 150,000 subscribers is currently in operation.

Volume

15 Technology

SATELLITE AND SUBMARINE INFRASTRUCTURES

Two companies, COMSAT and VER‹NET, provide VSAT (very small aperture terminal) services via TURKSAT satellites. They are joint ventures operating on a revenue-share basis.

9 2

VER‹NET, owned by Turk Telekom and Hughes Network Systems, provide ISBN (integrated satellite business network) communications to government and private organisations via TURKSAT’s already operational two satellites (TURKSAT 1B and TURKSAT 1C), national and international SCPC links, the Internet backbone connections and the nationwide integrated (satellite and terrestrial) VPN solutions. On the other hand, Turk Telekom’s submarine fibre optic cable systems include: EMOS-1

Eastern Mediterranean System, in use since 1990 SEA ME WE-2 Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Western European system, in use since 1994 ITUR Italy, Turkey, Ukraine, Russia system, in use since 1996 KAFOS Black Sea fibre system, in use since 1997 SEA ME WE-3 Domestic fibre optic cable system

9 1

INTERNET INFRASTRUCTURES

Internet service providers

Types of broad band rapid Internet access

There are 2,500 cable Internet subscribers, covered by six service providers. ADSL will be widely deployed in 2001. Satellite based broad band Internet services are offered by Dexar, which provides the DirectPC services of Hughes Network Systems in Turkey.

15 10

PRIVATE RADIO NETWORKS

15 10 1

Trunk radio type services

There are no trunk type private radio networks in Turkey. For such public networks, on the other hand, the Telecommunications Authority, described above under paragraph 15.4, allocates frequencies for voice, data and video services. 15 10 2

Trunk type networks in operation

Turk Telekom operates the nationwide public radio network. Other major public radio networks with local and regional coverage are operated by the National Police, the Natural Gas Company (BOTAfi), and the Electricity Generating and Distribution Company (TEAfi). 15 10 3

At present, there are more than 80 Internet service providers in the country. The largest seven service more than 80 percent of the user base.

Internet subscribers

Number of subscribers to Turkey’s more than 80 Internet service providers is conservatively estimated to be close to two million.

COMSAT, owned by Turk Telekom and the Lockheed Martin Corporation, provides satellite technology and global communication network services.

Subscribers

The above-mentioned radio networks serve no subscribers outside of their networks.

Volume

15 Technology

Charge Band IV: European countries

SERVICES OFFERED

(except included in Charge Band II and III), Iceland, Lithuania, Afghanistan, Mongolia

Prepaid telephone card services exist for both fixed and mobile services. Turk Telekom’s 78,000 payphones across the country accept prepaid telephone cards.

15 13

Mobile telephony operators, on the other hand, have 6.2 million prepaid card mobile

NEW ORGANISATIONS, INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICES

phones in service as of end-November 2000. In the event that Istanbul is awarded 15 12

the 2008 Games, all Olympic facilities and

TARIFFS

the Olympic Family hotels will be equipped Present rates for domestic telephone

with a private ATM-based network (the

calls (all automatic) are provided in table

Olympic Network), which will support and

form in approximate US$ equivalents.

integrate B-ISDN, IN, and No 7 signalling systems.

Time (sec) allowed per unit (US$0.035 as of 15 December 2000) Reduced 30 percent Reduced 40 percent (Mon-Fri 07:00-08:00; (Mon-Sat 22:30-07:00; Full Mon-Fri 20:00-22:30; Sat 22:30-Mon 07:00) (Mon-Fri 08:00-20:00) Sat. 07:00- 22:30)

Catgories Local call

85.7

100

Intra-metropolitan

42.9

Trunk

21.4

To the NMT network

To the GSM network

Rates for international telephone calls are as follows:

Charge Band

5.6

3.6

5.6

III

2.4

1.4

1.8

Network's

ATM switches integrating all services and providing interconnection and interfacing with existing telephone, long-distance telecommunication services and valueadded services provided by Türk Telekom’s networks. The Olympic Network will provide: ■

Olympic

infrastructure will offer ATM services, with

High

availability

guaranteed

redundancy of network and transmission

Time (sec) allowed per unit (US$0.035 as of 15 December 2000) Full Reduced 30 percent (Mon- Sat 22:00-09:00 and Sundays)

The

lines, ■

Voice, data and video transmision,

■

Direct connection to the international telecommunication systems of Turk

Charge

Band

Telekom via fibre-optic cable systems,

Bosnia-Herzegovina,

Bulgaria, Hungary, Macedonia, Moldavia, ■

Greece.

ATM-based digital interface (the digital home network) for connection to home-

Charge Band II: European countries (except

working terminals (microcomputers,

those included in Charge Band I), Albania,

portable workstations, etc.).

Azerbaijan, Republic,

Gibraltar, Estonia,

Algeria,

Morocco,

Czech Georgia,

The following services will be available:

Kyrgyzstan, Iran, Latvia, Libya, Malta, Nakhjivan, Uzbekistan, Romania, Slovak Republic,

Syria,

Tajikistan,

Tunisia,

Turkmenistan, Ukraine.

Telephone and Data: 25,000 lines Speech band for telephone: 300-3400 Hz. Dial-up data communication: 0.3-64 Kbps.

Charge Band III: USA, Canada, other countries

ISDN 2B+D 15,000

having the country code “1”, and Kazakhstan,

ISDN 30B+D 1,000

Israel, Russian Federation, Tataristan

Volume

15 Technology

INTERNET: Presently 2 Mbps; an outgoing

The whole Olympic Network will be ATM-

bandwith of 96 Mbps during the Games

based at maximum viable speeds over

period for the needs of the Olympic Family

fiber-optic lines. There will be a mixture of

and for providing sufficient Internet access

mainframe and distributed servers. The

to Olympic information all over the world.

mainframe will function as a data centre server providing for maximum reliability

Packet-Switched Data Services: TURPAK

and will be further backed up by disaster recovery sites at Izmir and Ankara. The

Video Conferencing: Local and inter-

distributed servers at various sites will be

national, with a speed of 2 Mbit-64 Kbps.

fail safe scaleable (UNIX or NT) servers with RAID disk systems for further

Satellite services: To be provided on demand

reliability. The client/server type of applications will also be Internet enabled

Every room in the Olympic, Media and

and will be based on distributed RDMBs

Judges’ and Referees' villages and in the

with replication functionality. The system

Olympic Family hotels will have:

will be developed as an object oriented system allowing for maximum flexibility

■

Video on demand and cable TV,

■

On-line

telemarketing,

and use during the 2008 Olympics.

teleshopping

telepublication, telelearning cultures

There will be several LANs in the Olympic

(virtual museum etc.), the latest Olympic

sites and venues. Each server in the

Games results and videos, voice and data

network will be doubled, and servers will

mailing, information services, news,

provide multipost access to disk as a

multimedia mail and entertainment,

generic failure mechanism for network-

■

INTERNET access,

based services, with a view to attaining

■

ISDN telephone services,

high availability. Should one node become

■

Digital VOD, analog broadcast, HDTV,

unavailable, users on the remaining nodes

interactive multimedia and high-speed

will continue to be able to undertake

data transmission.

database work, while users on the failed node will be able to switch to another node

Interactive information access points and

and continue processing. The remaining

multimedia kiosks will be provided. Video

nodes

access to all video sequences will be

completed work on the failed node without

provided from any of the client stations (of

the need for intervention by the database

which there will be at least 10,000) and

administrator, thus minimising downtime.

will

automatically

recover

video will be further available on the Internet.

Broadcasting equipment can also be connected to the ATM backbone under the

The

Istanbul

communications

OCOG’s system

internal will

make

available:

control of the SDVN (switched digital video network)

manager.

Timing

and

scoreboards, multimedia services and integration will be managed by the

■

Radio Communication: VHF 168-169 MHz.

backbone. For local and international

■

Paging: A supplementary capacity for

telecommunications there will be two

serving

pagers

different fibre-optic lines (with a view to

Mbit

redundancy) connected to the backbone.

■

GSM:

5,000 An

additional

16x2

transmission capacity

Two Internet connections will also be

Public Telephone: 3,000 public telephones

attached via two routers to the ATM

to be installed in Olympic facilities

backbone.

(freephone, credit card call, payphone)

Volume

15 Technology

There will be two LANs connected to the ATM backbone, and 5,000 PCs attached to the LANs. Finally, areas lying outside the ATM Link will be attached to the backbone via routers. Overall, the quantities planned for the Olympic information system are as follows: 1,000 handheld/notebook computers with GSM connectivity 2,000

information

access/multimedia

kiosks 2,000 notebook PCs 5,000 stationary PCs 30 distributed fail safe scaleable servers 2 mainframes For a letter of the Minister of Communications,

confirming

the

Ministryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s

commitment to make all the necessary arrangements with the concerned bodies (present and future) to the effect that new organisations, infrastructure and services of value planned for the Istanbul Games be put in place according to the proposed schedule, please refer to Theme 18, Ref. 18.28. The letter also asserts that the Ministry will take all the measures to meet the requirements of the Istanbul OCOG in terms

telecommunications

infrastructure needed for a successful staging of the Games.

101

16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 16.6 16.7 16.8 16.9

Vision du CCOI des Jeux Olympiques Construction d’une image et promotion Fonction de communication Emplacement du Centre Principal des Médias (CPM) Etat actuel des lieux Utilisation post-olympique Village des Médias Expérience de couverture par les médias Organisation de radio et télévision olympiques

The IOBC’s vision of the Olympic Games Image building Communication function Location of the Main Media Centre (MMC) Present state of the premises Post-Olympic use Media Village Experience of media coverage Olympic Broadcasting Organisation

16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 16.6 16.7 16.8 16.9

Services de la Communication et des MĂŠdias

Communications and Media Services

Volume

16 Communications and Media Services

105

organises grassroots activity around social

VISION

projects. Involvement of the young in these organisations is particularly striking.

Youth dominates the IOBC’s vision of the Istanbul Olympic Games. The concept has direct relevance to Istanbul’s primary

The major challenge is that all sorts of

motivation in bidding for the third

communications programmes exploit, if

consecutive time. It also reflects the spirit

not actually abuse, the concept of youth.

of Olympism and of the city itself.

Communications for the Istanbul Games must be particularly attentive in this

The Olympic Games provide Istanbul with

matter, building on the strong bond

the single most effective means to

between youth and sports.

revolutionise the life experience of Turkish youth.

The

overwhelming

social

significance of youth for the city and the

national government, lends to the Istanbul

IMAGE BUILDING AND PROMOTION

Games the character of a social project. The local communications strategy of The emphasis on the social nature of

the Istanbul OCOG will be based on a clear

Istanbul’s Olympic effort and the parallel

identification of audiences. The IOBC

mobilisation of the general public will

foresees that the three main audience

contribute

and

streams in the building and promotion of

empowerment. Young people of all ages

the image of the 2008 Istanbul Olympic

civic

confidence

will be inspired to participate in the

and Paralympic Games will be:

rejuvenating experience of organising the

■

sponsors),

Olympic Games. This will augment intergenerational and inter-cultural exchange.

corporate stakeholders (other than

■

public and civic partners, and

■

the local population at large.

The specifically targeted social legacy of the Istanbul Games, on the other hand, is

In terms of communications strategies,

sport. Not only do the sporting community

corporate

and the authorities attach overwhelming

businesses that may have an interest in the

significance to educating the young

opportunities and legacies promised by a

through sports, but also public opinion in

successful staging of the Games. The

Istanbul and throughout the country

Istanbul

supports

with

Department will work with the local

reference to sports. Public opinion clearly

chambers of commerce and industry, as

emphasises the need for wider interest and

well as the associations of tourism

participation in a variety of sports.

operators, as partner organisations. It will

Connected with this, it also looks forward

supply them detailed information on the

to Istanbul’s acquiring greater experience

economic impact of the Games, help them

in organising major sports events.

prepare to manage such impact, and

Istanbul’s

candidacy

stakeholders

OCOG’s

comprise

all

Communications

commit them to a high standard of Olympic In terms of communications, this vision of

hospitality.

the Olympic Games presents several opportunities. Above all, it can be well

Public and civic partners include:

developed within the already responsive

■

central and local government bodies that

public and particularly the receptive youth.

will share responsibility in preparing the

Furthermore, the OCOG’s communications

city to host the Games and in providing a

efforts will be in full accord with the

full range of services to the Olympic

growing NGO movement that successfully

Family and all other Olympic visitors,

Volume

■

16 Communications and Media Services

107

non-governmental organisations influential

He/she will guide the communications

in the formation of public opinion, and

team in collaborating with other executive-

the media.

level

offices,

including

transport,

marketing, environment, finance and To cultivate the support and interest of the

logistics. Early development of the

local population, the Communications

communications team will proceed from

Department will run a series of community

priorities

relations and involvement programmes.

stakeholders and respective methods of

These efforts will be co-ordinated with the

approach. Managing Directors who will

comprehensive educational programmes

exercise power and control over specific

of the OCOG, described in Theme 17, under

aspects of communications will provide

paragraph 17.1. This co-ordination will

continual input to the Communications

ensure that university and secondary

Director. Their responsibilities will include

school students play an enthusiastic part in

testing and measuring the effect of various

the communications strategy.

communications projects with a view to prompting

Internationally, the communications strategy

established

corrective

terms

action

where

necessary.

of the Istanbul OCOG will focus on publicising the assets Istanbul offers to the Olympic

If Istanbul is awarded the 2008 Games, the

Movement: the city’s extraordinary location,

IOBC will also seek international advice and

wealth of culture, and the enthusiasm of its

draw from the experience of previous host

youthful population. It will emphasise these

cities in structuring the communications

assets to promote Olympism as well as the

function within the OCOG.

sporting merits of the Games, including their social, educational, aesthetic and moral aspects. In particular, it will prioritise initiatives to uphold peace and human

LOCATION OF THE MAIN MEDIA CENTRE (MMC)

understanding, including the promotion of the Olympic Truce.

For the 2008 Istanbul Olympic Games, the Main Press Centre (MPC) and the International Broadcasting Centre

STRUCTURE OF THE COMMUNICATIONS FUNCTION

(IBC) will be installed in the same premises, namely, the exhibition centre of the Istanbul World Trade Centre (IWTC) complex. This integrated facility will

In accordance with IOC rules, the

therefore be referred to as the Main Media

IOBC communications function presently

Centre (MMC), which will also include the

focuses on national and local promotion

main media accreditation centre.

of Istanbul’s candidacy. To this end, the IOBC has a department of Public and

As demonstrated on the map provided, the

Media Relations and benefits from the

MMC will be located within walking

services of a communications firm. In the

distance of Istanbul International Airport.

event that Istanbul is awarded the 2008

The distance from the IWTC to the site of

Olympic Games, the IOBC will transform

the Olympic and Media villages is 10

into the Istanbul OCOG, which will appoint

kilometres (15 minutes), and 13 kilometres

a Communications Director at executive

to the Olympic Park. Mydonose Showland,

position.

the proposed venue for the weightlifting events, is also part of the IWTC complex. In

The Communications Director will act as

2001 the site of the MMC will be linked to

the official spokesperson of the OCOG.

Istanbul’s light rail system, which will also

Volume

16 Communications and Media Services

provide access to the villages and the Olympic Park. In addition, all media representatives will be able to make use of a round-the-clock official shuttle, to be established by the OCOG, which will ensure

Venue

Olympic Village/Js’Rs’ Village/Media Village Olympic Stadium/Olympic Village Main Hotel Area 1 (Taksim) Main Hotel Area 2 (Old city-Sultanahmet) Main Hotel Area 3 (Befliktafl) Main Hotel Area 4 (Bak›rköy)

109

Peak hours

Off peak hours

10 13 21 13 20 8

15 20 25 18 26 15

10 12 20 12 15 12

free transport between all Olympic sites.

PRESENT STATE OF THE PREMISES

exhibition halls) for the Main Press Centre. The IWTC’s exhibition centre already

The eight interlinked exhibition halls of

houses four meeting halls, an auditorium, a

the IWTC complex that will house the MMC,

press centre, a VIP lobby, five dining rooms,

with a total surface area of 85,000 square

and executive service offices. Two fsuperior

metres, already exist and are fully

category hotels (providing a total of 1,270

operational. They are surrounded by an

beds) will be added to the IWTC complex in

open area of 38,000 square metres,

2003. One of these hotels will offer a multi-

currently providing parking space for 3,250

purpose hall with a total area 7,400 square

vehicles. Part of this open area may be used

metres, divisible to three sections suitable

to erect temporary structures to meet any

for conference and hospitality purposes.

additional covered space requirements of the media.

The selection of the IWTC complex for the premises of the MMC is primarily due to its

Of the total 85,000 square metre area

convenient location in relation to the

proposed for the MMC facilities, 63,400

Olympic sites, and its proximity to Istanbul

square metres (six exhibition halls) will be

International Airport, via which the great

reserved for the International Broadcasting

majority of media representatives are

Centre and 21,600 square metres (two

expected to enter Turkey.

Volume

16 Communications and Media Services

An agreement has been reached with the

confirming that the Olympic, Media and

owners of the IWTC for housing the MMC at

Judges’ and Referees’ villages will be

the IWTC complex if Istanbul is elected to

constructed as a part of the Halkal› Housing

host the 2008 Olympic Games. A letter

Project and will be allowed to be used

committing the Istanbul World Trade Centre

accordance with the IOC guidelines, please

Inc., to make the IWTC premises available for

refer to Theme 18, 18.17 and 18.

housing the MMC, is included under Theme 18, Ref. 18.29. 16

EXPERIENCE OF MEDIA COVERAGE

POST-OLYMPIC USE Turkey’s public broadcasting company, The premises that will house the MMC

facilities,

including

the

planned

the Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), has extensive experience in the live

International Congress Centre, are part of a

coverage of high-level

world-class

national events.

trade

centre

currently

international and

operating as the largest trade fair facility in Eurasia. Following its Olympic use during

Among the important events covered over

the Istanbul 2008 Games, it will continue to

the past 10 years were:

serve the world’s business community. ■

ANZAC Day, Çanakkale, northwestern Turkey (1990)

MEDIA VILLAGE

■

The US-based Teleconference on Global Values (1991)

The Media Village is planned so as to

■

be in close proximity to the Olympic Village, and like the latter, will be part of the Halkal›

Economic Cooperation, Istanbul (1991) ■

■

minutes

and

minutes

■

Media

The launch of the Türksat-1B satellite from French Guiana (1994)

respectively. The

The Second Congress of Turkic States, held in Izmir (1994)

minutes’ drive, while trips to the latter two take

The First Congress of Turkic States, Istanbul (1993)

Klassis Country Club (equestrian events) and Caddebostan (sailing), are within 30

The Istanbul Summit of the Economic Co-operation Organisation (1993)

by shuttle), and 22 kilometres from the city centre. All Olympic sites, excluding the

The Ankara Summit of Turkic States (1992)

Airport, 3 kilometres from the Olympic Park (which will also be connected to the village

The joint meeting of the European Council and Turkic States (1992)

‹daresi - TOK‹). It will be 10 kilometres from the IBC, MPC and Istanbul International

The Organisation of Islamic Conference, Foreign Ministers meeting(1992)

Housing Project undertaken by the Housing Administration of Turkey (Toplu Konut

The founding summit of the Black Sea

Village

designed

accommodate nearly 90 percent of all media representatives, that is,

■

The Bishkek (Kirghizstan) Summit of Turkic States (1995)

approximately

15,000 people. Accommodation in the Media

The NATO meeting, held in the Ç›ra¤an Palace Hotel Kempinski, Istanbul (1994)

■

The plenary session of the European

Village will take the form of four-storey

Parliament at which the customs union

apartment

between Turkey and Europe was voted on

blocks,

equipped

and

(1995)

professionally attended for Olympic use. For letters from the President of the Housing

Administration

Turkey,

■

The opening and closing ceremonies and primary sessions of the Habitat II UN

111

Volume

16 Communications and Media Services

Conference on Human Settlements

(1996). ■

The Balkan Summit, Antalya (1998)

■

The OSCE Istanbul Summit (1999)

■

President Clinton’s visit to Turkey (1999)

113

OLYMPIC BROADCASTING ORGANISATION The future Istanbul OCOG will set up

the

Istanbul

Olympic

Broadcasting

Organisation (IOBO) before the end of Among international sports events broadcast live by the TRT have been:

2001, with the main missions of: ■

designing, installing, equipping and operating the IBC, and providing facilities

■

All Olympic Summer and Winter Games since 1972

■

All

and services to broadcast rights holders, ■

World

and

European

soccer

television and radio signals from

championships since 1970 ■

All Mediterranean Games since 1970

■

World athletics, gymnastics, swimming and figure-skating competitions since 1976

■

All World and European weightlifting championships since 1987

■

World Grass-Skiing Championships (1991)

■

The March of World Environmental Final Four Basketball Championships,

■

OCOG

design and construction (e.g. camera positions, commentary positions, etc.). The IOBO’s structure will comprise nine from its very inception. These functions

production,

European Boxing Championships, Bursa

information, logistics, booking, and venue

(1993)

management. During the Games period,

Eurasia Marathon, Istanbul (annualy

the IOBO will employ venue management

since 1996)

teams at each venue, and the entire host

World Indoor Archery Championships,

broadcasting

Istanbul (1997)

ordinated at the IBC.

Balkan

Athletics

European

engineering,

operation

will

broadcast

co-

Championships, The IOBC estimates that the IOBO’s full-

Wrestling

Championships,

time personnel will reach 250 as time leads

Istanbul (1997)

to the Games period, and its staff will rise

The First World Air Games, Ephesus,

to 3,500 during the time of the Games.

Samsun, Cappadocia (1997)

Hiring of personnel with a range of

World Wrestling Championships, Ankara

Olympic, broadcasting and management

(1999)

experience will be a top priority of the

European Judo Teams Championships,

IOBO’s staffing policy.

European Swimming Championships, World Billiard Championships, Antalya (1999)

■

Istanbul

Bursa, northwestern Turkey (1992)

Istanbul (1999) ■

the

broadcasters’ requirements for venue

staffing, co-ordination and planning,

Istanbul (1999) ■

advising

European Grass-Skiing Championships,

Istanbul (1997) ■

■

are: management, business affairs and

Istanbul (1992) ■

competition venues, and

permanent functions to be put in place

Scouts, Ankara (1991) ■

producing and distributing international

European

Archery

Championship,

Antalya, southern Turkey (1999) Major

national

football,

basketball,

volleyball and handball events are regularly broadcast live by the TRT channels as well as by several private television channels.

17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5

Programmes d’éducation Programme culturel Budget Cérémonie d’ouverture et de clôture. Camp de jeunesse

Educational Programmes Cultural Programme Budget Opening and Closing Ceremonies Youth Camp

17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5

Olympisme et Culture

Olympism and Culture

Volume

17 Olympism and Culture

117

Olympic Pioneers from all over the country.

EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMMES

This will take place at two-week summer courses in camps organised in localities in

The educational programmes of the

Anatolia close to where athletic events

Istanbul OCOG during the run-up to the

were held in ancient times. Participants will

2008 Games will be based on the concept

be selected from among adolescents aged

of fostering the Olympic spirit in all

15-16, who have been engaged in active

sections of the local population.

sports for the past three to four years and whose skills and dedication to the Olympic

Inspiring the young people of Istanbul with

ideals are confirmed by their teachers of

the principles of Olympism and preparing

physical education or coaches. They will be

them for the tasks of playing host to the

given courses on Olympism, Olympic

Games will be an essential part of this strategy. A segmentation of this target population, especially a differentiated approach to university students, secondary school students, working youth, and nonworking young women, will help the OCOG’s educational programmes meet their objectives. Although

history and the Istanbul Olympic Games; doping; sports and the environment; sports sciences and sports culture; physical, cognitive and social development of the individual;

youth

leadership;

and

behavioural excellence. Every year, the programme will be conducted in three parallel cycles at five different campsites, with the participation of 50 candidates and

focussing

younger

Istanbulites, Istanbul’s Olympic educational programmes will also target all of the country’s youth. In Istanbul itself, a wide range of stakeholders – from taxi drivers to food service personnel, from police officers to salespeople – will be addressed with a view to preparing them for their individual roles in the smooth running of the Games.

10 educators in each course. Another project for which the IOBC has already detected considerable interest within academic circles, and which will require

from

the

Istanbul

OCOG

considerable co-ordination work, will be entitled “Olympism in the University”. The project envisages organisation of Olympic awareness

programmes

seven

universities, one from each of Turkey’s Mindful of the enormous importance the

seven geographical regions, as local focus

Olympic Movement attaches to sustainable

centres. These programmes will consist of

development and the protection of the

seminars and workshops on Olympism as a

environment, the Istanbul OCOG will make

philosophy of life, expeditions to ancient

the raising of environmental awareness a

Olympic sites in Anatolia, and also

pivotal

selective courses in “Olympism and the

element

its

educational

programmes.

Olympic Games”. The OCOG will arrange that university students who satisfactorily

All of Istanbul’s Olympic education

fulfil the requirements of such courses

programmes for the 2008 Games will be

spread in groups across the country to act

run as joint initiatives, bringing together

as instructors of Olympism in regular

various public and private bodies in

summertime youth camps conducted by

projects co-ordinated by the OCOG’s

the General Directorate of Youth and

Education Department.

Sports (GDYS).

One of these programmes aims at

Of the other target groups, young working

educating, over a six-year period (2002

people aged 17-24 and non-working young

through 2007), a total of 5,000 Young

women, will be given the opportunity to

Volume

17 Olympism and Culture

119

benefit from the programme at the

especially for the betterment of local

summer schools of the same universities.

environmental conditions. In agreement with the GDYS, the IOBC intends to develop

As to working youths below the age of 17, a

this programme, in case Istanbul is

large number of adolescents working in

awarded the 2008 Olympic Games, into a

industry as apprentices will be targeted by

national youth campaign of environmental

a special Olympic awareness and education

regeneration that will gain for the whole

programme. In this venture, the Istanbul

country around 200,000 environmental

OCOG will avail itself of the generous co-

activists

operation of the Fiflek Foundation for

philosophy of life.

imbued

with

the

Olympic

Working Children. Turkey’s around 30,000 scouts, led by the Adolescents enrolled in secondary schools

Scouting and Guiding Federation of Turkey

all over the country, on the other hand, are

(member of the World Organisation of the

going to benefit from a programme of

Scout Movement since 1950) controlled by

regular class meetings at all grades, at

the GDYS, already pursue a programme of

which a set of courses on all topics of

community leadership in environmental

Olympism will be covered. The Ministry of

regeneration. The 2001 leg of their

Education has already confirmed its

programme of environmental activity will

willingness to co-operate with the IOBC in

include a complete cleansing of Mount

the preparation of such a curriculum.

Olympus, Antalya, where flames have burnt for millennia on an effusion of

The GDYS, which is already represented on

natural gas. Several researchers have

the IOBC and which will remain part of the

suggested that the flames of Antalya’s

Istanbul OCOG, will integrate its regular

Mount Olympus must have inspired the

summertime one-week youth camps with

flame at Olympia, Greece.

the educational programme for the 2008 Istanbul Olympic Games. Such camps,

Last but not least, in 2001 the GDYS will

staged at seaside resorts, were attended

inaugurate an annual international event,

by an annual average of 10,000 young

the Golden Horn Folk Dances Contest

people aged between 12 and 24 over the

Among World Universities. This will link the

past decade, and will turn into loci of

communications

Olympic education throughout the period

programmes for the 2008 Olympics with

of Turkey’s preparation to host the Games.

the four-year cultural programme (see

The GDYS’s 104 “youth clubs” in town

paragraph 17.2 below) that the IOBC

centres all over the country also offer their

proposes to celebrate the XXIX Olympiad.

resources for supporting the above-

Such an event will uniquely fit into the

described educational programmes.

IOBC’s

and

conception

educational

Olympic

consciousness as full appreciation and In the year 2000, the GDYS introduced a

enjoyment of the cultural diversity of the

separate programme of youth camps,

world’s nations.

called “Youth Participation in Social Betterment”, covering all 81 provinces of

Besides the range of Olympic educational

Turkey. In its inaugural year, a total of

activities listed above, the Istanbul OCOG

30,000

18–24

will also give its full support to a

participated in the programme, paying a

young

people

“Community Sports Sponsorship” (CSS)

very modest fee equivalent to less than

programme conceived by the Sports

US$20 per person for a one-week event.

Marketing Division of the NOC of Turkey.

The

Under a joint plan, the programme aims to

energy,

promote greater grass roots participation

programme

mobilising

young

aged

basically people’s

aims

Volume

17 Olympism and Culture

in the Olympic movement, sports, and fair-

2005: Nature – Awareness

play ethics throughout the country, through mobilising local municipalities,

The Istanbul OCOG's Cultural Programme

secondary schools and the business

for 2005 will focus on the theme of human

community.

interaction with Nature, in the sense of both biology and habitat.

Under the programme, the municipalities will provide suitable local sites for Olympic

Various events will be organised to

sports while businesses, i.e. the sponsors,

encourage public awareness of the issues

will select from among designated sites

of respect for and care of the human body,

and venues and erect the relevant facilities

the environment we live in, and our

and/or provide equipment. In return they

interaction with it. Events will be held to

will acquire exclusive rights to two-

look in new ways at ancient divinities from

dimensional advertising on all available

around the world that symbolise the

space and facades of the facility, as well as

kindness of Mother Nature. Many such

on sportswear and equipment they

goddesses – Cybele, Demeter and Artemis,

provide. CSS committees in secondary

for example – originated in and were

schools will assume the responsibility of

worshipped in Anatolia. Another series of

managing and maintaining the facilities in

events is planned to display the influence

their respective regions, and to promote

of local habitat on the arts and crafts

the extended use of those facilities by

created by communities around the globe.

residents of the neighbourhood.

2006: Reason – Creativity The raising of a Paralympic consciousness will constitute an equally important part of

The Cultural Programme for 2006 will take

the

education

as its main theme Reason, and its creative

programme of the Istanbul Olympic

power. The focus here will be on the

Games, again especially among young

manifestation in the domain of the arts,

people. The principal organisations serving

both ancient and modern, of Reason, with

the handicapped – namely the Turkish

the emphasis on all that is universal in

Association for the Disabled, the Turkish

humanity's cultural achievements. In a

Foundation for the Protection of the

sense, the Cultural Programme for 2006

Disabled, and the Turkish Foundation of

will be a celebration of modernity and

Solidarity

modernism, as well as enlightenment. In

communications

and

Education

the

Handicapped – have all expressed their desire to co-operate in every way possible.

this vein, international participation in the Cultural Programme for 2006 will be designed to represent the element of

CULTURAL PROGRAMME The Cultural Programme of the

Istanbul OCOG for the XXIX Olympiad will start three years before the Games, and will focus on four consecutive annual themes, under the overall title “The Four Pillars of Culture”: Nature, Reason, Passion and Wisdom.

universality – as opposed to the individual voice – that is at the heart of all true art and culture.

2007: Passion – Affection Reason and universality will give way in the Cultural Programme for 2007 to Passion and Affection, to the particular and diversity, in other words, the Dionysian principle inherent in all human cultural achievements. Specially selected examples

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17 Olympism and Culture

123

of cultural originality from around the world,

Finally, the Olympic Torch relay route that

which assert the fundamental qualities of

the IOBC proposes will illuminate a vast

uniqueness and difference, will be displayed

swathe of history. After the ceremonial

before an audience that has already proved

lighting of the flame at Olympia in Greece

its taste for the singular. So, in contrast to

and a relay to Athens, the flame will follow

the previous year’s theme, the post-modern

a route by sea to Crete and Rhodes before

movement will be highlighted as the

setting sail for the ancient coastal town of

leitmotiv of most of the events to be

Fethiye. The course will then meander for

scheduled for 2007 by the Istanbul OCOG.

approximately 2,500 km through Anatolia on its journey to Istanbul. As it travels

In this context, the citizens of Istanbul will

through Anatolia, the Olympic Flame will

be encouraged to revive their pride and

shed its light on some of the most

interest in the indigenous cultural assets of

fascinating sites of the ancient world,

their city and country. This will be aided by

including Fethiye (near ancient Telmessus),

an extensive sightseeing programme aimed

Demre, Mount Olympus, Perge (Myra),

at raising local consciousness of the

Aspendos,

cultural

heritage

Istanbul.

Side

(Pamphylia),

Akflehir

This

(Philomelium), Konya (Iconium), Kayseri

programme will also train volunteers to be

(Caravan Palace), Cappadocia, Hattusas,

Olympic guides who will, during the

Ankara, Gordion, Aphrodisias, Ephesus,

following year’s Cultural Programme,

Pergamon, Troy, Bursa, and Iznik (Nicaea).

accompany Istanbul’s Olympic guests on their odyssey through the city. 17

2008: Wisdom – Celebration

BUDGET The estimated budget for the above

programmes is US$30 million, including the In the Cultural Programme of 2008, which

US$1.875 million set aside for the Istanbul

will begin two weeks before the opening of

OCOG’s contribution to cover 62.5 percent of

the Games and end one week after their

the cost of the Youth Camp (see paragraph

close, the theme of Wisdom will come to the

17.5 below). The budget for the Opening and

fore. In other words, the final celebration of

Closing ceremonies is estimated at US$30

the Games will underline a synthesis of the

million.

two preceding themes, Reason and Passion. Istanbul itself will be the focus of this programme, constituting as it does the very

apex of such a synthesis. This is perfectly

OPENING AND CLOSING CEREMONIES

exemplified by one of the world’s most important architectural treasures, the

The opening and closing ceremonies

Church-Mosque of Ayasofya (Hagia Sophia

of the 2008 Istanbul Olympic Games will be

in Greek, meaning Saint Sophia, or literally

held in the Olympic Stadium.

Holy Wisdom), which will be a main venue of 2008’s Cultural Programme. 17

YOUTH CAMP

The Cultural Programme for 2008 will focus on performances that highlight

The Istanbul OCOG will set up a major

multi-cultural

Youth Camp in the year 2008. This camp

traditions. These will be paralleled by

will host approximately 1,500 young men

events bringing together, from all around

and women – aged 18 to 22 – selected and

the world, artistic endeavours that combine

sent by the participating NOCs at the

local traditions with universal appeal.

invitation of the Istanbul OCOG. The camp

Istanbul’s

wealth

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Volume

2008. Ce camp accueillera environ 1 500 jeunes hommes et jeunes femmes – âgés de 18 à 22 ans – choisis et envoyés par le CNO participant, à l’invitation du COJO d’Istanbul. Le camp durera à peu près trente jours, il ouvrira une semaine avant les Jeux et se terminera une semaine après leur clôture. Un programme complet des activités liées aux Jeux sera décidé par le COJO. Chaque participant aura la possibilité de participer librement aux compétitions athlétiques du Camp de Jeunesse, de visiter les athlètes dans le village olympique, de prendre part aux activités culturelles et aux événements des Jeux, et de visiter les sites historiques d’Istanbul. Un programme spécifique d’études Olympiques sera proposé. Le Camp de Jeunesse d’Istanbul en 2008 se tiendra au Camp de la cité balnéaire de

Olympisme et Culture

Florya, sur la Mer de Marmara, près de l’aéroport, et donc à proximité de tous les sites olympiques importants. Le Camp de cité balnéaire de Florya est la propriété de la Municipalité du Grand Istanbul qui le gère. Il est équipé de cafétérias, foyers, zones de loisirs, terrains de jeux, vestiaires, etc… Le CCOI estime que le coût total du camp de jeunesse sera de 3 millions US$, au taux de l’année 2000. Le COJO d’Istanbul couvrira 62,5 pour-cent de ce coût et le reliquat sera payé par les participants sous forme d’un droit d’inscription fixé à 25 US$ par personne et par jour, au taux de l’année 2000, ce qui représente une somme de 750 US$ par participant pour une période complète de 30 jours au Camp.

Volume

17 Olympism and Culture

will last for approximately 30 days, opening

fully equipped with cafeterias, meeting

one week before the Games and closing

rooms, recreational facilities, playing fields,

one week after they conclude. A complete

locker rooms, etc.

schedule of activities related to the Games will be orchestrated by the OCOG. Each

The IOBC estimates total cost of the Youth

participant will have the opportunity to

Camp at US$3 million at year 2000 rates.

compete freely in Youth Camp athletic

The Istanbul OCOG will cover 62.5 percent

events, participate in cultural activities,

of this cost, and the remainder will be

visit athletes in the Olympic Village, attend

contributed by participants in form of a

events at the Games, and tour the historic

tuition set at US$25 per day per person at

sites of Istanbul. A specific curriculum of

2000 rates, which totals US$750 per

Olympic studies will be offered.

participant for the entire 30-day camp.

The Istanbul 2008 Youth Camp will be held at the Florya Summer Resort Camp on the coast of the Sea of Marmara, close to the airport, and therefore convenient to all key Olympic sites. The Florya Summer Resort Camp is owned and operated by the Municipality of Greater Istanbul, and it is

125

Garanties

Guarantees

Volume

18 Guarantees

129

Ref.

Question

Subject of guarantee

Provided by

18.1

1.2

Support

18.2

1.10

Support

18.3

2.1.1

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

18.4

2.1.2

18.5

2.2.1

Letter, Governor of Istanbul Letter, Mayor of Greater Istanbul Municipality Letter, Governor and Mayor of Istanbul

Yes Yes Yes

18.6

2.3

Letter, Minister of the Interior

Yes

18.7 18.8 18.9

3.1 3.3 4.6

Letter, Minister of the Interior Letter, Minister of State responsible for Customs Letter, Minister of Environment

Yes Yes Yes

18.10

5.1

Letter, Prime Minister of Turkey

Yes

18.11

5.2

Covenant of fulfilment of obligations; respect of the Olympic Charter including free access to Turkey and free movement of accredited persons Covenant of fulfilment of obligations; respect of the Olympic Charter Representation of Istanbul by the IOBC and delegation of authority to sign contracts and undertakings Necessary legal measures to facilitate the protection of Olympic marks Freedom to perform Olympic function Import, use and export of goods Compliance of work with town planning and environmental protection legislation Financial guarantees including covering any OCOG deficit and expenditure during the period preceding the Games Price control

Letter, Prime Minister of Turkey Letter, Governor of Istanbul Letter, Mayor of Greater Istanbul Municipality Letter, Mayor of Greater Izmir Municipality Letter, Mayor of Greater Bursa Municipality Letter, Mayor of Greater Kocaeli Municipality Letter, Prime Minister of Turkey

18.12

7.1.2

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

18.13

7.2.4

Letter, ENKA

Yes

18.14

7.2.5

Holding of no other meeting or event during the Olympic Games, one week before or one week after the Games Financing of work needed at the competition venues Use of competition venues

Letter, Minister of Tourism Letter, Governor of Istanbul Letter, Mayor of Greater Istanbul Municipality Letter, Governor of Istanbul Letter, General Director of Youth and Sports

Yes Yes Yes

18.15

8.5

Use of competition venues

Letter, Mydonose Showland Letter, ENKA Letter, Klassis Letters of agreement from all Ifs concerned, as follows: IAAF FISA IBF IBAF FIBA AIBA FIC UCI FEI FIE FIFA FIG IWF IHF FIH IJF FILA FINA UIPM ISF WTF ITF ITTF ISSF FITA ITU ISAF FIVB

18.15 / IF 1 18.15 / IF 2 18.15 / IF 3 18.15 / IF 4 18.15 / IF 5 18.15 / IF 6 18.15 / IF 7 18.15 / IF 8 18.15 / IF 9 18.15 / IF 10 18.15 / IF 11 18.15 / IF 12 18.15 / IF 13 18.15 / IF 14 18.15 / IF 15 18.15 / IF 16 18.15 / IF 17 18.15 / IF 18 18.15 / IF 19 18.15 / IF 20 18.15 / IF 21 18.15 / IF 22 18.15 / IF 23 18.15 / IF 24 18.15 / IF 25 18.15 / IF 26 18.15 / IF 27 18.15 / IF 28

Yes/No

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No

Volume

Ref.

18 Guarantees

Question Subject of guarantee

18.16

9.5.3

18.17

10.8

18.18

10.9

18.19

10.10

18.20 18.21 18.22

10.12.1 11.2.2 12.12

18.23

12.13

18.24

13.2/3

18.24/Hotel 1 18.24/Hotel 2 18.24/Hotel 3 18.24/Hotel 4 18.24/Hotel 7 18.24/Hotel 8 18.24/Hotel 9 18.24/Hotel 10 18.24/Hotel 11 18.24/Hotel 12 18.24/Hotel 13 18.24/Hotel 14 18.24/Hotel 15 18.24/Hotel 16 18.24/Hotel 17 18.24/Hotel 18 18.24/Hotel 19 18.24/Hotel 20 18.24/Hotel 21 18.24/Hotel 22 18.24/Hotel 23 18.24/Hotel 24 18.24/Hotel 25 18.24/Hotel 26 18.24/Hotel 27 18.24/Hotel 28 18.24/Hotel 29 18.24/Hotel 30 18.24/Hotel 33 18.24/Hotel 34 18.24/Hotel 37 18.24/Hotel 38 18.24/Hotel 39 18.24/Hotel 41 18.24/Hotel 42 18.24/Hotel 48 18.24/Hotel 49 18.24/Hotel 50 18.24/Hotel 51 18.24/Hotel 52 18.24/Hotel 53 18.24/Hotel 54 18.24/Hotel 55 18.24/Hotel 56 18.24/Hotel 57 18.24/Hotel 58 18.24/Hotel 59 18.24/Hotel 60 18.24/Hotel 61

Financing of the organisation of the Paralympic Games Choice and use of the site for the construction of the Olympic Village Financing the construction of the Olympic Village Authorisation to use existing property for the Olympic Village Payment of travel costs by the OCOG Completion of necessary medical investments Measures to be taken to ensure the peaceful holding of the Games Measures to be taken to ensure the peaceful holding of the games Availability and prices of rooms and accommodation during the Olympic Games

131

Provided by

Yes/No Yes

Protocol signed with the Housing Administration of Turkey Protocol signed with the Housing Administration of Turkey Not relevant

Yes

Letter, Chairman of IOBC Letter, Minister of Health Letter, Minister of the Interior

Yes Yes Yes

Not relevant Letters of agreement from Hotel owners concerned, as follows: Hyatt Regency Istanbul Divan Hotel The Marmara Hotel Euro Plaza Hotel Golden Age-I Hotel Hotel Kervansaray Feronya Hotel Crystal Hotel Hotel Cartoon Mercure Istanbul Hotel Keban Hotel Richmond Hotel Grand Hotel Haliç Dilson Hotel Taksim Dorint Park Plaza Lamartine Hotel Nippon Hotel Eresin Taxim Riva Hotel Grace Hotel Lion Hotel The Madison Hotel Savoy Hotel Conrad Hotel Ç›ra¤an Palace Hotel Kempinski Istanbul Büyük Sürmeli Hotel Hotel Dedeman Istanbul The Plaza Hotel Istanbul Hotel Maçka Sed Hotel Crowne Plaza Istanbul Polat Renaissance Ç›nar Hotel Holiday Inn Marina Adela Hotel Merit Antique Istanbul Akgün ‹stanbul Hotel Eresin Hotel Istanbul Hotel Zurich Hotel Romance Hotel Yi¤italp Best Western International The President Hotel Arcadia Kalyon Hotel Yaflmak Sultan Hotel Color Hotel Fuar Hotel Hotel Armada Istanbul Kent Otel Istanbul

Yes

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Volume

Ref. 18.24/Hotel 62 18.24/Hotel 63 18.24/Hotel 64 18.24/Hotel 65 18.24/Hotel 83 18.24/Hotel 84 18.24/Hotel 85 18.24/Hotel 86 18.24/Hotel 87 18.24/Hotel 88 18.24/Hotel 89 18.24/Hotel 157 18.24/Hotel 158 18.24/Hotel 159 18.24/Hotel 160 18.24/Hotel 161 18.24/Hotel 162 18.24/Hotel 198 18.24/Hotel 199 18.24/Hotel 200 18.24/Hotel 201 18.24/Hotel 202 18.24/Hotel 211 18.24/Hotel 212 18.24/Hotel 217 18.24/Hotel 219 18.24/Hotel 221 18.24/Hotel 222 18.24/Hotel 227 18.24/Hotel 230 18.24/Hotel 244 18.25

Question

13.2.2

18 Guarantees

Subject of guarantee

Completion of accommodation infrastructure to be built

18.25/Hotel 267 18.25/Hotel 269 18.25/Hotel 271 18.25/Hotel 272 18.25/Hotel 275 18.25/Hotel 278 18.25/Hotel 279 18.25/Hotel 283 18.25/Hotel 286 18.25/Hotel 287 18.25/Hotel 288 18.25/Hotel 291 18.25/Hôtel 297 18.26

14.18

Necessary transport-related alterations

18.27

15.5.3

Allocation of radio frequencies

18.28

15.13

18.29 18.30

16.5 16.7

Setting up of new infrastructures and new services Use or construction of the MPC and IBC Use or construction of media village

133

Provided by Antik Hotel Çara Hotel Orient Express Hotel Prince Hotel Hotel ‹lkay Hotel Erboy Grand Yavuz Hotel Hotel Grand Ons Green Anka Hotel Hotel Olimpiyat Laleli Gönen Hotel Ayasofya Pensions Hotel Hippodrome Tash konak Sultanahmet Hotel Daphnis Hotel Alzer Fehmibey Hotel Golden Age-II Hotel The Green Park Hotel Aygün Hotels Elan Hotel Taksim Gönen Hotel (see Ref. 18.24/Hotel 89) Hotel Pera Palas Galata Residence Apart Hotel Tafll›k Hotel Villa Blanche Hotel Hotel Istanbul Conti Konak Hotel Grand Hotel Tarabya Klassis Hotel Klassis Golf & Country Club Letters of agreement from hoteliers or investing firms concerned owners concerned, as follows: The Ritz-Carlton Istanbul Hotel Grand Markiz Taxim Residence Four Seasons Hotel on the Bosphorus Dedeman Hotel/World Trade Center Florya Hotel MNG Hotel/World Trade Center Beyazsaray Eresin Sultanahmet Hotel ‹stanbul Levent Hotel Maryot Hotel Prestige Hotel Kemer Golf & Country Club Letter, Mayor of Greater Istanbul Municipality Letter, General Director of Highways Letter, General Director of Railways, Harbours and Airports Construction Letter, General Director of Atatürk Airport Letter, Chairman of Telecommunications Authority Letter, Minister of Communications Letter, World Trade Center Protocol signed with the Housing Administration of Turkey (see Ref. 18.17)

Yes/No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes