| Issue 7 | Volume 143 | Tuesday, March 3, 2015 | theavion.com |
UN Wants Drones for Peace Cassandra Vella Staff Reporter
Photo Courtesy: European Space Agency (ESA) The Ariane 5 launcher lifts off from Europe’s spaceport in French Guiana. The Ariane 5 is the prime launch vehicle of Arianespace’s three platforms and a direct competitor with SpaceX’s Falcon 9 vehicle.
SpaceX loses S. Korean Contract to French Competitor Arianespace Bryan Rallet Correspondent On Feb. 16th, Frenchbased commercial launch service Arianespace won two contracts to launch two South Korean meteorological observation satellites in geostationary orbit in 2018 and 2019, beating SpaceX in the competition for the contracts. The two GEO-KOMPSAT-2A and 2B satellites will be built by the Korean Aerospace Research Institute (KARI) and will have for mission space weather mon-
itoring in the case of 2A and ocean and Earth environment monitoring for 2B. Arianespace CEO Stéphane Israël issued a statement after the victory: “Arianespace is extremely proud of its selection by the Korean space agency, KARI. Our last launch for KARI occurred in 2010. Now, we have been chosen again by KARI to launch these two impressive meteorological observation missions. Contributing to Korean space achievements is a great honor for Arianespace. I would once again like to thank the Korea Aerospace Research
Institute for selecting us. Arianespace will deliver.” Even though South Korea’s Ministry of Science acknowledged that “SpaceX’s arrival on the market has revolutionized the commercial launch business”, praised the launch record of SpaceX’s “low-cost launch vehicle” and the company’s policy of publishing its prices on its website in a statement, it pointed out Ariane 5’s long and successful track record as one of the major reasons for Arianespace’s victory in the competition. Indeed, the 1,700,000 lb and 171ft tall two stage heavy
launch vehicle has been able to safely perform 47 launches consecutively in the 2005 vehicle configuration. This occurs after a similar race in 2014, in which both Arianespace and SpaceX got to launch a telecommunication satellite for South Korea’s KT Corp. However, the competition is far from being over with SpaceX now being capable of delivering payloads into Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) and Arianespace cutting down prices for low-weight satellites occupying the lower berth of the ESC Rocket.
The Flight to Nowhere Christian Pezalla ERAU Alumn It’s early on a Sunday morning at the Melbourne, Australia airport. Passengers are scrambling to make their flights to near and far parts of the world. Then a new flight appears on the departures screen – a flight to Melbourne, Australia. Yes, a commercial flight scheduled to depart and arrive at the same airport. Over at Gate 23 sits a Boeing 747-400 – a rather large aircraft for a flight to nowhere. The waiting area is filled with passengers carrying cameras and eagerly looking at the large QANTAS jet, as if it was about to do something interesting. Just then, a promotional sign and a person wearing a penguin suit give
it away. The flight is going nowhere, and nowhere happens to be Antarctica. Several times per year, during the summer months, an Australian-based tour company (Antarctica Flights) schedules sightseeing flights to Antarctica. The remote region is accessible only by air and sea, with limited landing areas. Those landing areas are restricted to government and scientific flights, and require specially equipped aircraft. However, there is no need for this sightseeing plane to land. Rather it will circle over the Antarctic continent and coastline for several hours, affording passengers a once in a lifetime viewing opportunity. Provided by QANTAS (Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services,) the 747 is configured for regular long-haul flights,
such as Sydney to Los Angeles. The aircraft itself has no special modification or equipment for flight in the polar region. The flight crew, however, has special procedures and training for Antarctic flight. The crew of five pilots include two captains approved for Antarctic flight by the airline. Within the QANTAS pilot group, there are only a handful of Antarctica-qualified captains, mostly very senior pilots. Navigation for the 12-hour flight is accomplished primarily by satellite. As the aircraft approaches 60 degrees of latitude, the captain will switch the displays from magnetic north to true north. This is necessary as the plane will pass directly over the Magnetic South Pole during the flight. Continued on A3 >>
The United Nations calls for drone deployment in peacekeeping missions to aid in world crises. In the Democratic Republic of Congo, the UN has set up its largest peace force. In this area, the UN has been utilizing surveillance drones to keep track of rebel groups and their activity in the east of the country. The UN’s peacekeeping missions needed the boost with technology to help with their controls on the ground in tracking rebel activity. In a 144-page report released, Feb. 23, 2015, the UN was strongly recommending that the drones could be implemented in new special technical missions that could provide the Security Council with satellite photographs and other real-time data. Some controversy has broken out on the drones being used with the Security Council as the Security Council would have to agree to increase its use of technology in many areas where their typical UN interception and aid can be considered intrusive. On the other hand, the panel had agreed that plenty of the UN’s previous peacekeeping missions had lacked technological equipment that would have helped immensely in the soldier’s lack of basic communications. Monday’s report failed to address any discussions on funding for the technological increase that leads some to believe the UN would turn to its member states. These peacekeeping missions are hoping to create a new opportunity for areas that need it to have access to peacekeeping drones, communication equipment and any other new gear that would be essential for these missions depending on the situations. Another concern within the report was on the peacekeeper safety for those being sent to these countries that are dealing with possible disaster and violence. Since the mission was deployed to northern Mali in July 2013, 44 peacekeepers had been killed in the many bombings that have taken place in the area.
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The Avion
Executive Board Editor-in-Chief Managing Editor News Editor Business Manager Photography Editor Advertising Manager
Trey Henderson Micah Knight Andy Lichtenstein Michael Nisip Jack Taylor Elizabeth Worsham
Page Editors Front Editor Campus Editor Travel Editor SGA Editor Aviation Editor Space Editor Feature Editor Sports Editor Comics Editor Copy Editor
Trey Henderson Billy Nguyen Mark Fetters Zack Wilkinson Andy Lichenstein Micah Knight Elizabeth Worsham Jack Taylor Shemar Alexander Michael Nisip Elizabeth Worsham Malana Linton
Staff Contributors Reporters Photographers
Mark Fetters Cassandra Vella Shemar Alexander Mark Fetters
Correspondents Bryan Rallet
Staff Advisor Wesley Lewis, Asst. Director, Media & Marketing
Contact Information Main Phone: (386) 226-6049 Ad Manager: (386) 226-7697 Fax Number: (386) 226-6727 Editor-in-Chief Managing Editor News Editor Business Manager Photography Editor Advertising Manager
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•The Aviator's Devotional• Day 3: Flight Plans Brought to you by the Center for Faith and Spirituality Before we leave the house or office to head for the airplane, we spend some time— often a lot of time— planning our flight. We get the weather, plan the route, study the destination airport and approaches, check the NOTAMs, list the frequencies, and consider potential hazards. Then we usually file a formal flight plan that takes all these things into consideration. Now, with planning like that, we should have no surprises, right? Wrong. You know that flying seldom happens according to plans. Clouds will appear out of nowhere, routes will be altered, winds will shift, and runways will change. All kinds of unanticipated changes will cause you to modify your estimated time of arrival. Invariably, you will have to dig into your flight bag for something you never expected to need. That is on a good day. On a bad day you could have to land short of your destination and try it again tomorrow or even face an in-flight emergency. My son was on a check ride after several weeks of flight training. The winds during training had always favored a particular runway. Toward the end of his
check, he habitually entered the familiar approach only to have the tower change runways. Never having flown the opposite approach, he failed to impress the examiner. The key word there was “failed.” He was invited to reschedule another check ride after receiving some remedial training. An otherwise near perfect flight went sour due to a rare change in wind direction. A subset of Murphy’s Law is, if anything can go wrong on a check ride, it will. Admit it. Sometimes you wonder why you even plan at all. Why not just take off, point the aircraft in the general direction you are going, and take it as it comes? Well, for one thing— and you know this— if you don’t plan well, everything would be surprising, and you would quickly become overwhelmed with chaos. Also, if you don’t have a precise plan, you won’t know that a change or situation needs your attention and corrective action. If you didn’t plan for an expected tail wind, that actual headwind wouldn’t be recognized as making any difference. If you didn’t plan for a particular approach, you
wouldn’t realize that a loss of DME capability would prevent you from using that approach. In other words, an important part of our flight planning is to plan for a change of plans. It is equally important to plan our personal day expecting a change in plans. If we don’t map out our day, or even our next hour, we won’t recognize interruptions when they occur. We often respond to an abrupt change in our routine with frustration and anger. I am convinced, however, that nothing happens to us that God doesn’t have a plan for. Nothing in our lives catches Him by surprise. Our plans, even when made in prayerful coordination with Him, are frequently changed in order to fulfill His perfect plan for us. God is in complete control of our lives, and nothing happens by coincidence. Even unpleasant events and circumstances are used by Him to mold us into what is ultimately His best for us. God doesn’t cause bad things to happen. Satan’s influence in the world brings hurtful things our way, but God always produces something positive in our lives from negative experiences.
Romans 8: 28 promises us that He works all things for the good of those who love Him and are called to serve Him. Your plans will be spoiled more than once today. It has probably already happened by the time you read this. Count that as God’s divine intervention in your life. It is likely an opportunity for Him to do something through you that will make a difference, large or small, that He wants in your life or someone else’s. Always plan, but plan for a change in plans. It makes life exciting. “For I know the plans I have for you,” declares the Lord, “plans to prosper you and not to harm you, plans to give you hope and a future.” Jeremiah 29: 11 I know, O Lord, that a man’s life is not his own; it is not for man to direct his steps. Jeremiah 10: 23 Thompson, Terry (201312-19). The Aviator’s Devotional (Kindle Locations 144-174). Kindle Edition. The Aviator’s Devotional was written by Terry Thompson, who is glad that we are sharing his work with our community. (For additional information, visit www.bountypublishers.com.)
Oscar Mayer Weinermobile Crashes on Pennsylvania Roadway Andy Lichtenstein News Editor The iconic Weinermobile incurred substantial damage after smashing into a pole alongside a Pennsylvania roadway on Feb. 15. The driv-
The Avion is produced weekly during the fall and spring term, and bi-weekly during summer terms. The Avion is produced by a volunteer student staff. Student editors make all content, business and editorial decisions. The editorial opinions expressed in The Avion are solely the opinion of the undersigned writer(s), and not those of Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, the Student Government Association, The Avion, or the student body. Letters appearing in The Avion are those of the writer, identified at the end of the letter. Opinions expressed in the “Student Government” and “Student Life” sections are those of the identified writer. Letters may be submitted to The Avion for publication, provided they are not lewd, obscene or libelous. Letter writers must confine themselves to less than 800 words. Letters may be edited for brevity and formatted to newspaper guidelines. All letters must be signed. Names may be withheld at the discretion of the Editor-in-Chief. The Avion is an open forum for student expression. The Avion is a division of the Student Government Association. The Avion is a member of the Associated Collegiate Press. The costs of this publication are paid by the Student Government Association and through advertising fees. The Avion distributes one free copy per person. Additional copies are $0.75. Theft of newspapers is a crime, and is subject to prosecution and Embry-Riddle judicial action. This newspaper and its contents are protected by United States copyright law. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, in print or electronically, without the expressed written consent of The Avion. Correspondence may be addressed to: The Avion Newspaper, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, 600 S. Clyde Morris Blvd., Daytona Beach, Florida 32114. Physical office: John Paul Riddle Student Center, Room 110. Phone: (386) 226-6049. Fax: (386) 226-6727.
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er-in-command was battling winter conditions outside of Harrisburg when the accident occurred. No other vehicles were involved, and there were no reported injuries. Parent company, Kraft Foods, confirmed the crash
early the next morning, attributing the crash to the icy road. “The vehicle was towed, and we expect to be back on the hot dog highways soon,” said Kraft spokespersonSydney Linder. The 27-foot hot dog
will be down for maintenance due to a shattered windscreen and damaged nose. Oscar Mayer owns and operates six Weinermobiles. According to the company website, the concept took to the streets in 1936.
Courtesy: Wikipedia Commons Oscar Mayer’s fleet of Weinermobiles have been plauged with a history of mechanical problems as wells as motor accidents.
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Nowhere Continued from A1 >> The Antarctic region has no air traffic control; however, the aircraft is in contact with local aircraft, ships and ground stations. En route to the Antarctic, the flight deck contacts an Antarctic supply vessel for a brief conversation, using the cabin PA system to share the interaction with the passengers. Accompanying passengers in the back of the plane are three explorers with real experience in Antarctica. A narrative by the explorers provides background information and a description of what will be visible from the plane, including several current and former exploration basecamps. A bit over 3 hours into the flight, the cabin fills with excitement as the first icebergs come into view. The clouds have cleared, and the plane is descending to a lower altitude to give passengers a better
view. The scattered icebergs gradually become solid ice. Through the ice, mountains and other land features extend upwards, revealing the fact that land does exist. Unlike the North Pole (with has no land under the icecap,) Antarctica is a physical landmass simply covered in ice.
The region of rocky shores and endless sheets of snow appears empty from the windows of a fast moving aircraft; however, it is home to a vast range of sea life. Mammals such as seals and penguins live both above and below the ice while well-adapted plants and fish flourish in
the cold but consistent temperatures of the Antarctic waters. Along the coastal areas, birds of all kinds search for food and suitable nesting grounds, taking advantage of the relatively warm summer weather. Despite over 200 years of human exploration, the Antarctic remains largely
Photo Courtesy:Christian Pezalla The last look at Antarctica before the planes turns northbound back towards Melbourne
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The Avion untouched. Remnants of early expeditions can still be found, including the hut built by British explorer Robert Scott, whose team reached the Geographic South Pole in 1912, but tragically failed to return home. The same hut was later used by famed explorer Sir Ernest Shackleton’s 1914-1917 Trans-Antarctic Expedition, during which one of his ships, the Endurance, sank after spending ten months trapped by ice. In 2013, a team visiting the hut found 22 undeveloped photos, believed to have been taken during Shackleton’s expedition. The cold and dry air of Antarctica had preserved them for over 100 years. As the plane makes its final turn back towards Melbourne, I quickly snap a few more photos from a passenger window. Moments later, the solid ice below gives way to a field of icebergs and night begins to fall. The flight path on the in-flight entertainment system dis-
plays the aircraft’s unique journey and the projected path back to civilization. Fighting a headwind, the plane travels another four and a half hours, to make its way home to Australia. The smooth landing is followed by a short taxi to the domestic arrival gates. This is one of the rare occasions when this 747 will be seen at a domestic gate. Scheduled for a repositioning flight to Sydney the following morning, it will promptly return to regular international service, including transpacific flights. Ultimately, the 12-hour roundtrip flight provided four hours over the ice and some of the most interesting and stunning photos imaginable. While we did not physically set foot on the largely frozen continent of Antarctica, we were able to see for ourselves a part of the world which has only become truly accessible to humans during the last 100 years. Best of all, the trip did not require spending weeks at sea.
A Country within a Country Mark Fetters Staff Reporter After a long four-hour train ride back to Rome and a good nights rest in a hostel that felt like home, I had another big day to finish off my trip in Italy. For this excursion, I would leave the country of Italy and enter the smallest country in the world Vatican City. At the center of it all was St. Peter’s Square, the famous square that you see when they elect the Pope, and everyone gathers to see who was chosen. The balcony in which the pope appears is a part of St. Peter’s Basilica and the most stunning basilica I have visited on my whole trip to Italy. While entering, you pass one of the many Swiss guards that are there to serve in the Swiss military. The basilica was constructed in 1626 and at the center under the dome is the altar built by Bernini and is said to be the largest bronze piece in the world, at a height of 96 feet. It is easy to see some form of mass going on any day, and when the pope talks up to 80,000 people will fill in to hear his words. For a fee and many narrow and steep stairs later you arrive at the top of the basilica with by the far the most jaw-dropping
views. Great pictures can be taken from the square and all of Rome from the top and give you a sense of how large Rome is. Once back on the ground outside, the square was filling up. On Sundays, the Pope gives a mass to all from a window overlooking the square. While the Mass is celebrated in Latin, just being able to see and have a blessing from the highest person in the church is an experience like no other. With Mass over, my next stop in Vatican City required me to leave the country and enter a different location, the Vatican museum is located behind St. Peter’s Basilica. With enough art to fill up a full two days, I was here to visit the famous Sistine Chapel. Built in 1483, it was painted by Michelangelo with a full story being told on the ceilings. It is a place that makes you say “wow.” The Sistine Chapel is used for electing the new Pope, the college of cardinals come together to elect a new Bishop of Rome, two-thirds vote plus one are required to become the new Pope until the 30th ballot. With the day ending, once last Italian meal was to be had before flying back to Atlanta and preparing for my next adventure.
Mark Fetters/The Avion Newspaper The rays of the sun shine in on St. Paul’s Cathedral while visitors explore the history witin.
Mark Fetters/The Avion Newspaper A view from the top of St. Paul’s Cathedral overlooking the Vatican Square and the city of Rome.
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SGA Service Overhauled:
The Safe Ride Program Gordon Schley Saferide Committee Photo Courtesy: Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
The OPSS Program Using Spare Time to Save Money On Flight
Michael Wildes Flight Dept. Liaison We all know the story. The Miami Heat basketball team shocked the world when they announced that they would be forming an indomitable ‘big three,’ consisting of powerhouse athletes LeBron James, Chris Bosh and Dwyane Wade. It was almost too perfect to be true. The entire basketball community probably shuddered inside, as they knew that this new assembly done in South Beach, Florida would be something with which they would have to reckon. The stars believed it too. No doubt their basic talents would win them loads of championships, right? However, they received a very rude and humbling awakening on their first trip to the finals where the Dallas Mavericks schooled them. It was painful to watch the Heat collapse. Everyone knew that it wasn’t because they lacked talent. As said, they were the crème de la crème of basketball stars, so, such a loss was not acceptable. Apparently, something was, or wasn’t, going on behind the scenes. We know how the story goes though. They were able to pull it together and would go on to completely dominate the basketball world with three more consecutive trips to the NBA finals, including a 27-game win streak in their third year. Well, with such a turnaround, you must wonder how in the world did they do it? I want to submit that they studied their opponents in their ‘tape/ video room’ before and after games and at practices, and used this to hone their skills so that they could outplay them the next game. Obviously, everyone in the NBA is talented, so it requires extra effort beyond the court to prepare for a game. Well, this isn’t an article about the rise and fall of the Miami Heat. In fact, it barely has anything to do with sports. However, there is an interesting correlation between the successful life of a professional athlete who spends extra time outside games studying his oppo-
nents, and the life of student pilot who takes advantage of the opportunities to observe flight activities. If you’re a pilot, you’ve probably heard it a dozen times: “Spend your time outside of your flight block observing activities.” While the number of student observations has gone up, there is room still for improvement, and this article is solely to remind and encourage all flight students of those opportunities to get ahead in their respective flight course. You can bet that the student who spends more time observing orals and flights respective to their course will, in fact, spend much less money in their course and probably pass their checkrides in one go. On the other hand, the student who takes an “I’ll-getthrough-it-eventually” and lukewarm approach, is bound to lose a lot of money and precious time because they simply neglected the opportunities available. Bob Joyce of the Quality Assurance Department asserts, “Observations are a wonderful opportunity for our students to see different teaching techniques from our instructors. The aircraft is not a great learning environment. It is something we can get experience in and reflect on later at another time, but it’s a busy, high workload environment, and if you have to manipulate the controls, talk on the radios, and complete all the procedures, it’s very hard to learn new material. [However] If, you’re sitting in the back, watching someone perform all those tasks, you can [sit in the back], work on radios if that’s a challenge, familiarize yourself the local practice areas, and then really watch another student and instructor interact and see the good things and the challenges a student might have in that.” Take that from a man who also had a successful career as a Boston Bruins hockey player who knows what it means to spend time watching his opponents on tape and learning the ins-and-outs of the game before playing. In the
same way, you could take the fear out of a checkride if you knew ahead of time what it would take for you to pass it. The best thing about it is that it comes at no cost to you as a student to go observe an activity. Mr. Joyce continues that, “ultimately, the goal is to get through this program as safely, efficiently, and quickly as possible.” So, if you’re reading this and wondering how to start, here’s the first thing you should jump at. The Observer Plan Savings For Students (OPSS). This incentive plan will credit students $200 ETA credit if they complete only three things: Observe flights and orals, spend a pre-determined amount of time in the tutor lab, and observe an End of Course Checkride and allowing another student to observe yours. There is no other flight school, which pays you to simply observe an activity. All you have to do is talk to your Training Manager and get yourself set up. So, weather got you down? Go observe an oral. Plane won’t start? Go observe another flight. Don’t throw away your precious money and time by not taking the initiative to get ahead of the game. You will not be disappointed.
Many students have been asking questions about their Safe Ride cards. The Student Government Association wants to let everyone know that they are working hard to revamp this program. The Safe Ride Committee works to enhance the Safe Ride program offered free to ERAU students. The premise of safe ride is that students can use safe rides from various limits within Daytona Beach to get to their desired locations when feeling unsafe. More information about SGA’s Safe Ride program can be obtained from: http://sites. erau.edu/db-sga/portfolio/ safe-ride-form/. Once a student completes the Safe Ride quiz, the quiz will be graded, and if he or she passes, a Safe Ride card can be picked from SGA office in one week from the date of submission. The application procedure is currently being streamlined for the future use. Regarding the revamp
process, the Safe Ride Committee is currently working on a mobile app to be used by the Safe Ride drivers. The app has been fully developed and will soon be put on the drivers’ mobile devices. The SGA, the Safe Ride Committee, Safe Ride and the Information Technology Department have been collaborating to make this possible. The last step before the Safe Ride app can be run is some final work on the server. This application should be finished in the near future, but until then SGA asks that students continue to pick up temporary cards from the SGA office. Although a major part of the Safe Ride committee is working to make the Safe Ride program a better one, the committee works other projects. This is the initiative of keeping students safe. On March 7, the committee will be bringing a drunk-driving simulator to campus. This program has been done in the past with the hope that students understand the risk that driving under the
influence poses. The committee hopes to encourage safe driving habits and good decision-making. The simulator will be on campus prior to spring break, a crucial time where many students are off campus and need to be especially safety-conscious. Besides this, the SGA looks for this program to just be fun and a unique experience for many students on campus. Although the Safe Ride Committee focuses on the Safe Ride program, we are always open to new ideas on how to improve student safety off campus and promote a safety culture on campus. If you have any questions, suggestions, ideas or recommendations, you can always contact the Safe Ride Chair Gordon Schley at schleyg@ my.erau.edu or come to the Student Representative Board meetings onTuesdays from12:45 p.m. to 2:00 p.m. in the IC Auditorium. Additionally, you can leave your suggestions in a yellow suggestion box around including one in the SGA Office.
SGA Candidate Orientation Meetings March 3rd 700PM COA 139 & March 4th 700PM COA 139 All Prospective Candidates Must Attend
Get to Know your SGA Lauren Massey Chief Justice, Student Court Masters Student, Software Engineering
My name is Lauren and I am from Texas City, Texas. I am in my her fifth year at ERAU and I am a Master’s student in Software Engineering. I serve as the Chief Justice for the Student Court. My specific job is the special projects therefore she handles projects within the court to further many different aspects of the court. I enjoy being able to build myself as a leader and help to better my community. I am involved in many organizations on campus including Silver Wings and Alpha Phi Omega National Service Fraternity. In my free time, I enjoys spending time with friends, swimming, and arts and crafts.
NASA’s Curiosity rover takes a ‘selfie’ from the Martian surface in Gale Crater over 140,000,000 miles away from Earth and its citizens. Utilizing its robotic arm-mounted Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) camera, Curiosity is able to take take full panoramic images including self portraits.
Photo Courtesy: Curiosity Rover/NASA
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Hindering Legislation Challenges Airport and Airline Relationships Mark Fetters Staff Reporter You might have heard that the Wright Amendment has recently been lifted at Dallas Love Field, which restricted flights that had more than 56 seats to operate outside of Texas, neighboring states and a few other exceptions. Why does LaGuardia Airport in New York not have any international flights to Europe or flights to the west coast; same with Washington National (DCA) with the exception of a dozen flights? With the recent lift on the Wright Amendment on Oct. 13, 2014, airlines can now fly to any state with any size aircraft. In the 1960s,
the FAA determined that Love Field and the Greater Southwest International Airport in Fort Worth, Texas would not be capable of future growth and was going to stop federal funding for the airports. The Civil Aeronautics Board made the cities of Dallas and Fort Worth find a new location for an airport and in 1974 DFW was opened. After the opening of DFW, all airlines agreed to move to DFW. When Southwest entered service, they did not see the point of operating out of DFW when they could use Love Field. At the time, all of their flights operated within the state of Texas.
When other airlines started to notice, they took it up with Congress to ban such operations as they all had invested large amounts of money into DFW. Jim Wright in the House of Representatives created the International Air Transportation Act of 1979 that would restrict traffic in two ways outside of Love Field. First, flights to other states were allowed only if that aircraft had 56 or fewer seats. Second, aircraft with more than 56 seats could be operated on flights within Texas and the neighboring four states. While time passed, other airlines tried many ways to get around it; Southwest
and American both were able to operate a limited number of flights not in the Wright zone in 2006. Oct. 13, 2014 saw the amendment repealed allowing any airline to fly from Love Field to anywhere in the United States. In Washington National (DCA), a perimeter rule is set in place that limits aircraft from flying to an airport that is greater than 1,500 miles away. The reason for this rule is that that government wanted to encourage the use of the newly built Dulles International Airport. The initial rule limited aircraft flying more than 650 miles with an expectation
to airports that were greater than 650 miles, but less than 1000 miles that already had scheduled flights. Over time, the rule has changed and is now 1,500 miles and a few flights have been allowed to operate outside the perimeter rule. The big news in New York is their perimeter rule may be dropped altogether at LaGuardia. They also have a limit of flights over 1,500 miles, except flights to Denver and flights on Saturday. There are current talks of dropping the rule all together with some concerns. If you have ever spent time at LaGuardia, you will see many regional jets that oper-
ate in and out on a daily basis. A concern is that many of the flights that fit within the 1,500 mile rule may go away as a result of being able to fly large mainline aircraft to large markets. This includes the west coast with most of the current slots being owned by Delta and American. Other airlines will have a major blow if the rule goes away. On the other end, more flights that are international could start. While LaGuardia does not have any immigration facilities, airports with pre-clearance would not run into that issue like Dublin and Shannon, Ireland.
UAS Technology Comments on Proposed Rule-Making from FAA William Howard Publicity, UAS Tech. Recently the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) proposed new regulations for small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). Stemming from these proposals and other societal factors, I conducted an interview with the President Daniel Smith of Embry-Riddle’s UAS Technology student organization. This interaction is as follows. Q: Several of the main restrictions on commercial drones that the FAA proposed are: line of sight flying, no night flights, no operating over people not involved in the flight, and maintaining an altitude of less than 500 feet. Do you feel these restric-
tions would inhibit people entering the usage of such devices for the first time? A: The FAA’s proposed regulations only cover the commercial use of drones. A person simply enjoying the hobby or practicing with their first autonomous system probably shouldn’t be trying to make money right away. As long as you are not flying for money these regulations will not apply. Fly safely, which means following a few common-sense guidelines to help you avoid causing any real damage or losing your aircraft. • Don’t fly above 500 ft. • Don’t fly above crowds, people that are unaware of you, or above sensitive structures. • Don’t fly on private prop-
erty without permission. • Don’t fly in the vicinity of active airports without permission. • Don’t fly beyond visual line of sight. Q: Do these proposed regulations inhibit amateur research and development efforts? This is how many technologies get started. For example, Apple’s early start with garage tinkerers and amateur inventors? A: Absolutely. There is a pervasive and dangerous notion with many new technologies today that there needs to be regulations in place before people can run with the idea, and that doesn’t work. Anticipatory regulation stifles innovation, overburdens regulators, and forces new technology to conform to outdated
Photo Courtesy: daytondailynews.com An Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) remains stationary in-flight. This particular drone is designed to aid first responders after a natural disaster, conflicts of war or other traumatic events.
or irrelevant standards. Everyone loses. And this is what has happened so far with commercial UAS. Part of the problem is the FAA is already overburdened with managing our complex and busy national airspace, but there’s also a conflict of interest at play. The FAA is the sole regulatory body responsible for policing the national airspace system (NAS) and keeping it safe, as well as updating it. The problem is there’s not much incentive for the FAA to increase their complexity and risk by expeditiously incorporating unmanned systems. That is why it took a congressional mandate just to get the ball rolling. But to think about it broadly, it is simply an untenable position to allow current technology to be properly integrated and regulated 10 or 20 years after it becomes widely available. The pace of technological innovation is ever-increasing, due in no small part to the makers, garage tinkerers, and DIYers out there, and we all must fight for a regulatory system that can innovate as well to keep pace. Q: Should we be concerned with the FAA potentially restricting the UAS Technology program here at Embry-Riddle?
It already has. Some public universities have had a Certificate of Authorization (COA) to operate UAS in the NAS for research and training purposes since 2009, but Embry-Riddle is a private university and under the current rules is not eligible to apply for the same exceptions. Kansas State University was just granted permission to fly its fleet of drones almost anywhere in the whole state of Kansas. Embry-Riddle still does not have a COA. A: The rule of flying within line of sight seems counter-intuitive to a drone’s purpose. That is, being able to fly autonomously beyond line of sight seems crucial to many commercial applications from farming assistance to monitoring of wildlife. Do you feel there is a bias in the FAA to quell this technology or restrict certain applications of this technology? I’m not sure about a bias other than the conflict of interest I mentioned earlier – by which my meaning is the FAA has no great interest in espousing new technology. I see these proposed regulations as a pretty decent framework to get commercial UAS off the ground, but with several areas that need more work. The beyond visual line of sight restriction is perhaps the largest limitation
to commercial operations. It eliminates or severely restricts several potentially huge markets including precision agriculture, wildlife monitoring, survey work, broad-area search and rescue, package delivery, and infrastructure inspection. However, I believe the FAA is aware of this and interested in finding a better solution. During the 60-day comment period we are currently in, they have specifically asked for comments on how beyond line of sight operations can be added without compromising safety. FAA Administrator Mr. Huerta had this to say: “We recognize that beyond visual line-ofsight is something there’s a lot of interest in ... The whole question of senseand-avoid is a very sensitive area.” and in regards to the proposed regulations, “This is not the final on the full scope of UAS operations.” One of the most valuable pieces of equipment the industry needs to develop right now is a sense-and-avoid system suitable for small UAS. Once that critical piece is in place, operating beyond line of sight becomes a much less thorny issue. For the full text of this article, please visit theavion.com.
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Curiosity Rover Drills into ‘Telegraph Peak’ Cassandra Vella Staff Reporter On Feb. 24, 2015 NASA’s Curiosity rover drilled into a rock target to collect rock powder samples from “Telegraph Peak.” The mission has been looking into the “Pahrump Hills” outcrop area for five months and finally gave the rover command to drill for samples. The rover has drilled at two other sites in the Pahrump Hills mission campaign. Pahrump Hills is an area of bedrock on the surface that has developed into the basal layer of Mount Sharp. Since Curiosity’s mission was given the two-year extension in 2014, NASA has been
working to examine the layers of Mount Sharp to look for records of past water in the environment that could have led Mars’ environment to the dry red sand it is today. Curiosity is supposed to drive through the “Artist’s Drive” Valley to get to a higher area of the basal layer of Mount Sharp. NASA chose Telegraph Peak upon a discussion of physical and chemical measurements recorded throughout the mission campaign. Measurements of the Telegraph Peak area with Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS), with the rover’s arm, have helped in targeting areas for drilling even before the Pahrump Hills samples. The samples from Curi-
osity prior to Mount Sharp have shown levels of elements much lower than those found in the Pahrump Hills areas. Pahrump Hills seems to be filled with silicon, aluminum, and magnesium. The Telegraph Peak drills have been said to show even higher amounts of the elements. Scientists have compared the amounts to acidic leaching on earth – a strong loss or removal of solid materials into liquid solvents, such as the processes when metals are extracted from ore fresh from a mine without being crushed or pressurized. The samples from Telegraph Peak go to the rover’s own Chemistry and Mineralogy instruments
(CheMin) to determine the minerals found in the rocks and then, based on the analysis, scientists choose whether or not for the rover to deliver the samples to its Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) suite of further scientific instruments. Telegraph Peak’s drilling sample was the first Mars sample taken without using a “mini- drill” before drilling. The minidrill is usually used in order for the rover to test the rock’s stability and how it would hold up to central drilling. This sample collection had skipped the preliminary step because the scientists had determined that this area had the same characteristic as the previous drill-
ing targets at Pahrump Hills. The drilling technique that Curiosity had utilized was a low-percussion-level drilling technique that had also used for the last drilling target at “Mojave 2.” After two years of studying areas within Mars’ Gale Crater, the rover has finally reached the base of Mount Sharp in the center of the crater. Telegraph Peak is the rover’s third drilling project at Mount Sharp’s base. Scientists hope for more drillings based on the chemistry measurements they have found and what they hope to find in the near future. Curiosity is on its way towards Artist’s Drive to continue sampling around Mount Sharp.
Launch Control Center MMS - Atlas V
March 12 @ 22:44-23:14 Cape Canaveral Air Force Station SLC-41
TurkmenAlem52E/ MonacoSat Falcon 9
@ TBD Cape Canaveral Air Force Station SLC-40
GPS 2F-9 - Delta IV
March 25 @ TBD Cape Canaveral Air Force Station SLC-37-B
SpaceX CRS 6 Falcon 9
April 8 @ TBD Cape Canaveral Air Force Station SLC-40
ISS Sightings Saturday, March 7
5:37 A.M. - Appears from 11 degrees above SSE, disappears 15 degrees above SE. Max height is 15 degrees, visible for 2 minutes.
Sunday, March 8
7:19 A.M. - Appears from 10 degrees above SW, disappears 21 degrees above NE. Max height is 68 degrees, visible for 5 minutes.
Monday, March 9
6:27 A.M. - Appears from 18 degrees above SSW, disappears 28 degrees above ENE. Max height is 44 degrees, visible for 3 minutes.
Photo Courtesy: Wikipedia Commons An image of Mars from the Curiosity Rover near Martian sunset. Curiosity has been instrumental in developing a knowledge of the Martian world to allow man to eventually set foot there.
First Chinese Satellite Tracking Station Outside China Trusted With Argentina Cassandra Vella Staff Reporter China’s first satellite tracking station outside of its country has been welcomed by Argentina. The bill being ratified by the Argentine National Congress includes an economic and technological agreement between China and Argentina. The bill also includes the satellite tracking station’s con-
struction in Argentinean Neuquén Province located in the country’s Patagonia region. The bill says that the countries will be “working together on the development of space technology for peaceful uses and cooperate in the field of space activities for mutual benefit.” The bill had been passed with 133 votes compared to 107. The debate that took place over the idea before the vote was
taken lasted nine hours as the negative voters worried over the Argentinean site being occupied by military not peaceful space science. China is working on media means to show its peaceful promise. The mission is meant to aid China in expanding its space and lunar exploration programs. This station is China’s first station focused on domestic technolo-
gy on a foreign state’s land. Beijing is allowing Argentina access to their strategic information relating to their satellite tracking capabilities. Since China’s first manned space travel in 2003, the country has been working to have regular journeys to and from space. China has been working to develop relevant technologies and international connections to get
more involved in the joint journey into space. China is currently working on the development of reusable transportation systems for space travel. They currently have a prototype called the “Shenlong” that is ready to be tested with unmanned travel. China is keeping along with the international “lunar race” by developing and funding their automatic Moon research program.
Tuesday, March 10
5:37 A.M. - Appears from 17 degrees above ESE, disappears 15 degrees above E. Max height is 17 degrees, visible for one minute.
Tuesday, March 10
7:10 A.M. - Appears from 11 degrees above W, disappears 10 degrees above NNE. Max height is 23 degrees, visible for 5 minutes.
This Week in Space History March 3, 1969 Apollo 9, the second manned launch of the Saturn V, launches for 10 days in Low-Earth orbit to test the lunar module in space. March 5, 1979 Voyager 1 makes its closest approach to Jupiter.
BOOK ON LINE AT WWW.DOTSDAYTONA.COM
Dalton Barnes #4 from from Port Orange Fl. breaks through Webber’s defense to score at the Quarter-Final basketball game. The victorious Eagles will advance to the the Semi-Finals
Photo Courtesy: Shemar Alexander/The Avion Newspaper
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Upcoming Games: Tuesday Softball vs Lynn (DH) Daytona Beach, Fla. 4 p.m. Softball vs Lynn (DH) Daytona Beach, Fla. 6 p.m.
Sports
Thursday Softball vs AIB College of Business Daytona Beach, Fla. 4 p.m. Softball vs AIB College of Business Daytona Beach, Fla. 6 p.m. Men/Women’s Track and Field vs NAIA Indoor National Championships Geneva, Ohio
Friday Men’s Tennis vs Northwood Daytona Beach, Fla. 2 p.m. Women’s Tennis vs Northwood Daytona Beach, Fla. 2 p.m. Baseball at Northwood (Fla.) West Palm Beach, Fla. 2:30 p.m. Men/Women’s Track and Field vs NAIA Indoor National Championships Geneva, Ohio
vs Thomas: 72 Alison Smalling ERAU Athletics The Embry-Riddle women's basketball team ended its first season in the quarterfinal round of the 2015 Sun Conference Tournament with a 72-61 loss to Thomas, Thursday at the ICI Center. The Eagles, who were the No. 4 seed in the eight-team tournament, finished at 17-12 overall, while Thomas improved to 12-16 and move on to the semifinal round. Mercedes Jorge led the Eagle scorers with 17 points to go with seven rebounds. Sabrina Whiting
Softball vs University of Michigan-Dearborn (DH) Daytona Beach, Fla. 9 a.m. Softball vs University of Michigan-Dearborn (DH) Daytona Beach, Fla. 11 a.m. Baseball at Northwood (Fla.) (DH) West Palm Beach, Fla. 11 a.m. Baseball at Northwood (Fla.) (DH) West Palm Beach, Fla. 2 p.m. Men/Women’s Track and Field vs NAIA Indoor National Championships West Palm Beach, Fla. 2 p.m.
Sunday Baseball vs Saint Francis (Ill.) Daytona Beach, Fla.6 p.m.
Men’s Tennis vs Eastern Kentucky Daytona Beach, Fla. 3:30 p.m. Women’s Tennis vs Eastern Kentucky Daytona Beach, Fla.3:30 p.m.
and Kalah Martin added 13 and 12 points, respectively, while Tara Fields matched Jorge's efforts on the boards with seven rebounds. Courtney Saunds had a dominant game for the Night Hawks, racking up 36 points, three rebounds, three assists, three blocks and two steals, playing all 40 minutes. The Eagles got off to a slow start as they turned the ball over on five of their first six possessions, which allowed the Night Hawks to open up a 7-0 lead. The Eagles were able to settle down and went on a 13-3 run to overtake Thomas 13-11 with 10:48 left in
Smith jumper and free throw, and a three-pointer by Tess Wright to pull Thomas within three (43-40). Once again, the Eagles were plagued by turnovers, coming up empty on each of their next eight trips on offense. The Night Hawks took advantage of the Eagles' struggles and put together a 14-0 run to move ahead by seven, 50-43. The Eagles were able to stop the Thomas run and made it a two-point (5048) game on a Martin layup with 8:17 left on the clock. The Night Hawks responded to the Eagle rally by building their lead back up to nine points (59-50). A layup by Jorge and a pair of Whiting free throws made the score 59-54, but that was as close as the Eagles would get as Thomas made a living at the charity stripe in the last 3:16 to come away with the win.
Embry-Riddle freshman headlined three Eagle women's basketball players were garnered All-Conference recognition as she was named The Sun Conference Freshman of the Year at the conference tournament banquet hosted by St. Thomas on Thursday evening. The All-Conference team was selected based on voting by league's coaches. Whiting, who was also a second team All-Conference and an All-Defensive team selection, was joined on the All-Conference roster by first team honoree Mercedes Jorge and second teamer Taylor Cyphers. A 5-7- guard from Temple Terrace, Fla., Whiting started in each of the Eagles' 28 games and averaged 32.8 minutes per contest. She led the Blue and Gold in scoring, averaging 13.2 points per game and scored in double figures in 20 contests, including a season-high 26 against Northwood on Feb. 10. She had a teamhigh 61 steals and was sec-
ond in assists (84) in addition to pulling down 5.2 rebounds per game. Jorge is a 5-9 guard who capped her sophomore season as the Eagles' leading rebounder, grabbing 8.5 boards per contest. A force to deal with on the inside, the Lake Mary, Fla. native is second in the league in rebounds per game per contest. Jorge was second behind Whiting in scoring with a 12.9 points-per-game
average and turned in the Eagles' highest single-game scoring total of the year with 28 against Southeastern on Feb. 12. She posted nine double-doubles on the year and contributed 55 assists and 32 steals in 27 appearances and 31. 2 minutes per game. At 6-3, Cyphers was one of the most imposing players in the league this season. The junior was second on the team in scor-
ing (10.2 ppg) and second in rebounding (7.7 rpg), but was most effective as a shot-blocker. She totaled 67 blocks on the year and averaged 2.3 blocks per game, both of which were the best in the conference. The trio led the Eagles to a 17-12 overall record and a fourth place finish in the league's regular season standings in the program's inaugural season of competition. Freshman of the year Sabrina Whiting sets up for a layup. Whiting averages 13.2 points per game this semester.
Jack Taylor/The Avion Newspaper
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the first half. Over the next six minutes, the Blue and Gold widened the gap to nine points (27-18), but in the final 4:16, the Eagles managed only one point on a Jorge free throw. During that stretch, the Night Hawks got their offense back on track and bested the Eagles 8-1 to tie the score at 28-28 at the intermission. Jorge knocked down a three-pointer to open the Eagles' scoring in the second half and drained another long range shot three minutes later to reclaim a six-point (38-32) lead for ERAU. Whiting got three points the old-fashioned way to extend the advantage to 41-32 and a jumper by Kalah Martin helped the Eagles maintain that nine-point lead with 14:28 left to play. The Night Hawks scored three points on each of their next two possessions courtesy of an Ivory
ERAU’s Whiting Conference Freshman of the Year Alison Smalling ERAU Athletics
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Wednesday Men’s Tennis vs Cardinal Stritch Daytona Beach, Fla. 3:30 p.m. Women’s Tennis vs Cardinal Stritch Daytona Beach, Fla.3:30 p.m.
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Men’s Basketball Advances to Tournament Semis with Big Second Half Effort in 96-81 Win vs Embry-Riddle: 96 Ryan Mosher ERAU Athletics The second-ranked Embry-Riddle Eagles might have had a sense of déjà vu in the first half on Thursday night, trailing by as may as 15 in the quarterfinals of The Sun Conference Tournament. The Eagles (30-1) lost their first-ever postseason game at the ICI Center a year ago in the same situation, falling 96-77 to Thomas. However, the Blue and Gold rallied...big time. The home team ended the first period on a 15-3 run to trim eight-seeded Webber International’s lead to 45-42 at the break before exploding for a 54-point second half effort to end the Warriors’ (13-19) season, 96-81. Embry-Riddle was powered by senior Cesar Pastrana as the Cartagena, Colombia native matched a career-high with 28 points on 10-of-14 shooting from the floor as the Blue
Webber Int’l: 81 and Gold advanced to the tournament semifinals which will be hosted at ERAU’s ICI Center. Embry-Riddle will take on fifth-seeded Warner after the Royals upset fourth-seeded Northwood, 62-60 in West Palm Beach. In addition to Pastrana’s offensive effort, the Eagles got a lift from DeForest Carter’s 19 points, nine assists, eight steals (a career high), five rebounds and four blocks, while Dalton Barnes and Joseph Gonzalez each added 16 for the Eagles. Embry-Riddle’s 96 points were the fourthmost scored by the Eagles in 2014-15 and the most in a postseason contest since Feb. 22, 2011 when ERAU downed Ave Maria, 100-61 in The Sun Conference Tournament. The opening minutes of the game were fast and furious in both directions as neither team could get a foothold defensively. A Ray-
mond Durant three put the visitors up 6-4 with 18:10 on the clock before Pastrana scored four straight to give the hosts their last lead until the second half. The Warriors pulled away from ERAU over the a span of 13 minutes, taking a three-point lead to a 13-point cushion when Brian Pace connected on a triple at the 8:53 mark. After the Eagles trimmed the deficit to eight on a Daniel Kiesling layup the Warriors quickly went up 15 thanks to a 7-0 run, capped by a Pace fasbtreak layup off an Eagle turnover at the 6:15 mark. A timeout by Head Coach Steve Ridder worked for the Eagles as the defensive intensity sparked a 13-0 run by the Blue and Gold, paced by Pastrana and Carter who combined for 11 of those 13 points. A three from Durant stopped the run and put the visitors back up by five at 45-40, but Gonzalez recorded a jumper in the paint to send the game to half at 45-42. Pastrana finished the first half with 21 points as both teams shot 50 percent from the field. Coming out of the break, the Eagles went on a 5-2 run to knot the game at 47-47
when Pastrana made good on a wide-open three, but the Warriors hung tough, matching the Eagles basket-for-basket until Barnes hit a pair of free throws at the 16:50 mark to put the Eagles in front, 53-51. Two quick layups from Carter pushed the lead to six and a three from Reed Ridder a few possessions later gave the Eagles a 60-53 advantage. The lead grew to 12 on a Carter fastbreak layup after a full-court pass from Jason Powell with just over 12 minutes to go, and the Warriors had no answer for the Eagles’ offense the rest of the night. A nice feed from Gonzalez to Powell resulted in an easy layup and a 79-66 lead with 7:45 to go and a few minutes later the lead ballooned to its biggest of the night at 16 when Barnes made a layup for an 89-73 cushion. Webber never got closer than 12 over the final five minutes as the Eagles celebrated their 37th all-time win in The Sun Conference Tournament. Pace finished with 26 points on 10-for-30 shooting while Durant added 16 points and Nate Morrell chipped in seven points,
nine assists and seven rebounds. The Warriors shot 41 percent for the game and were outrebounded by the Eagles, 42-30. Kiesling fell one point shy of a double-double at nine points and 10 rebounds while also collecting three assists and two steals. Pastrana grabbed
eight rebounds and Barnes had five assists for ERAU. The tournament will resume on Monday, March 2 with second-seeded St. Thomas taking on third-seeded Southeastern at 5 p.m. in the ICI Center, followed by EmbryRiddle’s game against Warner at 7 p.m.
Shemar Alexander/The Avion Newspaper Dalton Barnes, a gaurd for Embry-Riddle men’s basketball team scored 16 points in the quarter final sun conference game against Webber Int’l.
Athlete Spotlight of The Week Talia Barraco - Women’s Softball When I was younger, I got into softball because my parents put me and my younger siblings in it. they put us in all kinds of sports from softball to baseball to even cheerleading. So I’ve played softball for years with my sister since we were around six or seven years old. It’s just something we’re stuck with. This later on did help to induce my passion for the game. Also my parents always came to our games to support us whether it was little league ball or a traveling team. What brought me to Riddle was that I played softball for two years at a junior college out in St. Pete, and I knew after my sophomore year I still wanted to keep playing but also further my education. So while I was looking for schools, I really
wanted to stay in Florida so I could stay close to home. Also a lot of the schools didn’t have math as a degree but Embry-Riddle did, Riddle was also looking for some extra softball players so I decided to come here. I don’t know what really induced my passion for mathematics, but when I was younger I always wanted to teach, plus I was always good with math and it always came easy to me. I was also blessed with awesome teachers and professors through high school and college so that helped a lot. Before every game, I always focus on the fact we are a team and a family. Every day we get out on the field it’s a new competition. So I like to focus on the fact that we can achieve
anything when we work together. My favorite thing about my team is that even without the coaches, we can kick back and have a good time. When times are tough we’re still being positive helping each other. Anyone can make joke and we can still laugh about it. My favorite thing about Riddle is that it’s small and the professors are nice. Also everyone is helpful and it feels as if they want everyone to succeed. Since this is my last season of softball, I want us to do our best through the remainder of the season, but one of my long term goals is to obtain a Ph.D. in mathematics. My advice to others or girls who want to play softball is: don’t take college or the abilities you’ve been given for granted because
it can fly by so fast. I can’t believe this is my last year playing softball. Also, if you want to play softball just get out there and play, a lot of the misconception with softball is that it is about talent, but its mostly a mental game. As long as you can be there mentally, you can obtain the skills and do what you love. Before the games I try to visualize myself succeeding and doing well. Softball is a game of failure, you can fail seven out of ten times but still come out successful. Any doubt or hate that I may come across can always be pushed out by the constant love and support my family and friends give me. Interviewed By Shemar Alexander
Shemar Alexander/The Avion Newspaper Talia Barraco is a member of the Embry-Riddle softballl team, and she is double majoring in computational mathematics and civil engineering.
Comics and Games XKCD
xkcd.com
This white-balance illusion hit so hard because it felt like someone had been playing through the Monty Hall scenario and opened their chosen door, only to find there was unexpectedly disagreement over whether the thing they’d revealed was a goat or a car.
Congratulations to Shannon Wiggins for winning last week’s crossword puzzle! Shannon, pleast stop by SC 110 to claim your prize. Before Next Issue: Enter The Avion puzzle contest! Submit your completed crossword puzzle to The Avion office in SC 110 before 5 p.m. Friday, 6 March, to be considered. Only students are eligible, please bring your student ID with your completed crossword.