Santa Maria Magdalena

CERVANTES+ ESCAMILLA+VALVERDE

AS A MODEL OF WATER SENSITIVE URBAN DESIGN

SANTA MARIA MAGDALENA

WATER IS A DRIVER FOR PROSPERITY

2050

M. Landscape Architecture Rodrigo Pantoja CalderĂłn M. Civil Engineering Saul Enrique Crespo Sanchez BARQ. and M. Business Administration Juan Carlos Barrera BARQ. Juan Augusto Barrera BARQ. Luis Alberto Meouchi Velez BARQ. Brenda PĂŠrez Torres M. International Relations Elsa Nadia Ontiveros Ortiz M. Human Rights Claudia Elvira Romero Herrera BM. Isaac Andoney B. Mariana Balderas Isla Urbana

This book is thanks to the support of:

SANTA MARÍA MAGDALENA

PFC Thesis Project by: Danya Aimeé Escamilla Silva María Guadalupe Cervantes Landeros Verónica Ana Luisa Valverde Andrade

MarĂ­a Certvantes

Danya Escamilla

VerĂłnica Valverde

Agua y fuego son símbolos dobles la primera quiere decir fertilidad y vida pero también muerte por inundación; el segundo es el origen de la industria humana y asimismo de la guerra y del incendio. Separados, son destrucción; unidos, creación. La desmesura los transforma en agentes de muerte; el equilibrio, en fuente de vida.

Octavio Paz “Ciudad del fuego y del agua”

Water, a clear liquid, without colour or taste, that falls from the sky as rain and is necessary for animal, plant life and human beings.

Identity meaning who a person is, or the qualities of a person or group that make them different from others.

Community is when the people living in one particular area or people who are considered as a unit because of their common interests, social group, or nationality.

Flooding is a temporary overflow of water onto land that is normally dry.

Drought is a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water.

Neighborhood is an area walkable by any able bodied person which is tied together by some common thread. It could be architectural, historical, cultural, functional... a hill, lake, pond, ditch, creek, school, shopping district, tower or other landmark the neighborhood is centered around, or a neighborhood association.

Co-villages are intentional communities that strive for a degree of self-sufficiency and a low environmental impact, often motivated by the desire to find a sustainable alternative to capitalist society.

CONTENT 1. Introduction 2. Water history by:

ORU 3. Territory analysis Queretaro 4. Location

Santa MarĂ­a Magdalena 5. Flooding mitigation

public or private space?

6. Phases 7. Active community

Searching for an active community 8. Phase 1: Informality

Private space - roofs 9. Phase 1 : informality

Private space - rain gardens 10. Phase 2 . Recreation

Communal water system and recreation 11. Landscape

strategies to mitigate floods 12. Social Participation

Stakeholders- Marginalized Areas 13. Study Cases

Inspiration and Analysis 14. References

INTRODUCTION

Sustainability has lost its meaning. The prophets of apocalypse are no longer sounding the alarm of climate change but climate tragedy. New concepts and disciplines recycling, reconstruction, ecosystem, regeneration and geoengineering- are now emerging as part of the solution.

Moving beyond the ideas that are remarkable yet modest in size, whether this are green, avatar- type futurist design or extravagant modern- day Noah´s Arcs (of the kind showing at a cinema near you), we most rise to the challenge of finding new ways of building responsibly and reducing our environmental impact. Humans have never been good at prevention, and, despite the warning signs, it seems that the world´s most powerful countries are not only failing to prepare but have even left the international treaty coding on them to make relatively small steps to mitigate the effects of climate change.

Most of the world needs to resolve urgent needs - for security, affordable housing, high-quality public spaces- at this time of impending environmental catastrophe, making it unlikely for public policies to prioritize the imminent future in the immediate present.

Architecture has a role to play by enhancing construction processes to improve thermal insulation and cross ventilation, reducing the vast amounts of energy consumed by air-conditioning and heating systems. Academic research most deliver science - based knowledge about de current climate crisis, to show what measures are within reach of the world´s different economies and cultures. And urban planning needs to become for far more ambitions: cities should be designed around environmental justice giving priority to water´s vital role in every public or private project.

In this pages, we offer some analysis and ideas on how to cope with a future that most avoid the same criteria as applied in the past

WATER HISTORY

From century XX to nowadays, the Cities in Mexico have faced great challenges derived from the demographic pressure that transformed rural Mexico in one of the most urbanized countries of the world. This phenomenon can be understood from many perspectives that, in general, are associated with two transcendent historic moments. On one hand, the industrialization of Mexico in the middle of the 20th century, concentrated in the biggest cities brought a first group of urban immigrants, and on the other hand, the quick demographic growth in the 70s and 80s which finally forced the exit of big populations from their residential area, especially rural ones to be relocated to urban centers that offered better job opportunities. Other factors such as the increase in life expectancy, the increase in literacy and even the development of real-time communication technology, contributed to the urbanization process of Mexican society in an obvious and very fast way.

However, the cities as a whole were not ready to face this situation, the impact of quick urbanization and the growth of cities was destructive, in most cases and for Mexico City, in particular, it resulted in a series of radical and significant transformations.

In the face of the problems of urban growth and development, multiple solutions were presented that did not consider the sustainability of the territory or the historical, cultural and environmental heritage of the cities.

Therefore, huge extensions of territory were urbanized; it is estimated that the extension of the main cities of the country has multiplied by six just in the last 25 years.

This expansive action resulted in an impact on the ecosystems that interact in cities, almost always in a negative way.

Among the many environmental effects, we can easily recognize the destruction of forest and scrub areas that had remained intact for centuries. This phenomenon affected not only the landscape but rather the biological cycles of the territory, it generates environmental and social imbalance in the urban areas, due to the impossibility of obtaining sufficient natural resources such as water to supply the urban population in Mexico.

The pollution and subsequent tubing of hundreds of watercourses throughout Mexico and the occupation of ravines and natural containment and recovery zones, affected the natural water cycle. These circumstances have led the cities to a water crisis that has become one of the main threats to the sustainability of urban life in Mexico.

The lack and / or poor quality of water affects millions of people on a daily basis in our cities. In Mexico City, it estimates that 1.5 million people do not have access to running water in their homes. As many millions of inhabitants have poor quality or polluted water, it threatens your health.

Finally, to understand the challenge of water, it requires new strategies that go further of big infrastructures and a vision such as “water is a vital element for the sustainability of societies”, where “water” being the axis of planning for the future, in instead of being considered a simple public service. Under these premises, the Water Plan for the Miguel Hidalgo District is developed with the capacity to help direct and guide decision-making in various senses related to water and urban development.

The plan analyzes and describes the physical and social structure of the territory occupied by the Miguel District and its relationship with the rest of the city, in particular with the Valley of Mexico watershed. The plan focuses on the issue of water from various perspectives, although with an emphasis on the management of rainwater as a strategic element in the regeneration of cycles. At the end of the plan, a series of practical alternatives are presented that, if are implemented, would improve the daily relationship that the population maintains, its resources and its institutions maintain with water, through accurate proposals.

TERRITORY ANALYSIS Queretaro

Queretaro Metropolitan Area has grown exponentially over the years, causing problems that currently affect its territory and its natural resources, leading us to catastrophic futures.

Thus Querétaro does not have a good environmental management of the land, it is not proportional to the availability of its water resource, in addition to not having enough natural areas or the capacity of pluvial infrastructure to recharge aquifers, which will lead us to face Water scarcity and floods, where the Queretaro Valley aquifer will run out and the lower areas of the city will suffer environmental vulnerability.

If we face a catastrophic future, who could be saved in Querétaro? The areas with marginalization level within Querétaro coincide with flood areas, some areas are “Santa María Magdalena, San José el Alto, even Hercules”, which leads us to confirm that these areas have social problems regarding disaster situations in a future that could affect the life and property of the inhabitants, in addition it should be noted that the permeable and potential areas for recharging aquifers mantels are located on the outskirts of the city, being citizens of Querétaro, How creating permeable zones into urban space and making equitable cities?

Flooding scenarios Queretaro

FLOODING AREAS

MARGINALIZED AREAS

S

PERMEABLE AREAS

N

LOCATION

Santa Maria Magdalena

Santa María Magdalena is located in the western part of the city, where it has been segregated and disadvantaged due to the presence of uses of military or industrial equipment.

It is an ejidal area with few accesses and borders on its perimeter such as the Queretaro River, the Train Tracks and the “El Arenal” drain or other neighborhoods, it has a high marginalization level in addition to its origin being a rural settlement, also having mixed uses in the area of housing and high local commerce, self-built housing and development of serial housing, as well as “Vertisol Pélico” land, narrow and cobbled streets, a low level of sanitation and school equipment, is neighborhood is known in Querétaro as a risk and disaster area due to problems of insecurity, flooding and sinking

IDENTITY

Santa Maria Magdalena

Santa María Magdalena is an active cultural area, of social cohesion, of roots, of customs, of identity, where there are different social groups within the neighborhood such as the group of ejidatarios “Emiliano Zapata”, church volunteers, the tianguistas, the muralists or graffiti artists, the rappers, in addition to those who participate in the annual festivities within the community such as “The fair of mole and tortilla”, including those who attend the Integral Center for Social Prevention CIPRES IV, these inhabitants involve to promote the neighborhood and reduce neighborhood degradation, they have the concern of built another image of where they live and regenerate the neighborhood, as well as maintaining practices linked to rural customs and habits mixed with urban practices that last over the years, turning them into intangible heritage. Although “built neighborhood” is talking about who lives in the neighborhood and for the social and segregated popular sectors in Mexico, it is a reflection of the people who inhabit the public space, so a process of social and urban transformation it focus on where the collectivity of neighborhood life its development.

Is both, a model for community action and the birthplace for social transformation. while constantly understanding the value of culture as an identity-building process.

TIMELINE

Santa Maria Magdalena

Santa Maria Magdalena takes root

Railway Inauguration 1904 Main dirt road construction from Queretaro City to Tlacote El Bajo 1961

Creation o

Issues with polluted water for agriculture begin 1967 Tortilla production as an economic activity begins 1970-1980

Foundation of Santa Maria Magdalena irregular settlement due to agriculture1923-1931

Main pavement road construction from Queretaro City to Tlacote El B

of identiy

Community problems intensify

Traditional‘’Mole and Tortilla Fair‘’ emerges 1988

Agrogen's establishment 1992

Church of Santa Maria Magdalena's construction 1995

n Bajo 1974

Development of Public Housing 1990-2000

Insecurity issue because of railway 2000-2020 Most catastrophic floods 2016-2018

IDENTITY

Santa Maria Magdalena

I D E NT I D A D

Flooding scenarios Santa Maria Magdalena

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Queretaro River 500

Train Tracks

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Crops 1000

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Tla

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MarĂ­a Magdalena

Military Field

acote Avenue

BORDERS

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COMMERCE

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NOLLI

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FLOODING AREAS

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PUBLIC TRANSPORT

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Queretaro River 500

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Crops 1000

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MarĂ­a Magdalena

Military Field

acote Avenue

LAYER OVERLAP

Topography Canal water stagnation

Irregular settlement Location

type of ground train tracks sewage military field

LIMITATIONS

canal inclusive for Queretaro citizens public transport strengthening community services

Housing Typology

insecurity

Union with the city

Social groups

OPPORTUNITIES

Identity Rural background train tracks Social Groups

STRENGHTS

Voids

“Rooting” canal Citizen participation Commerce Strong social structure

FLOODING MITIGATION Public or private space?

Flooding Mitigation, where to star?

How can we transform an entire neighborhood with Public space intervention and strategic design?

Santa Maria magdalena suffers many problems as a marginalized area, the most important are flooding, insecurity and, It has bad urban infraestructure so its no pedestrian accesible, they dont have green areas or public space that can be considered a safe place for the children to play.Parents arent calm because of all the news and bad situation happening in the Neighborhood.

We are trying to develope innovative approaches in the urban design field, centered on the active participation of the community, changing the way the live can be a difficult but if there are different activities that we are planning and they can take place in their own houses for a communal benefit. the can learn to have their own rain garden, take care of it and use that water for personal use, there are different systems that can improve wain water quaility.

Some of the ideas that we want to implement to improve the quality of life within the neighborhood are: improved safety and security, livelihood opportunities, relationship between neighbors and authorities, play opportunities for children as well as better rain water harvesting systems in both, public and private space, and environmental quality, better landscape, designing for the pedestrian, give green areas, parks that can help both, the community and mitigate floding.

If we can change the way people live and can be more sensible with rain water catchment and treatment, we can change and improve all housing typologies ba blocks and then improve the whole neighborhood.

We want to change the way they see water from home, we can improve the types of housing per block and the entire neighborhood will be able to have rainwater treatment systems from home, collect it and maintain their own rain garden. If we start from the private space, people become familiar with these new systems and the importance of water, then we can intervene different voids within the neighborhood to generate water parks, with the same systems on a larger scale, achieving permanence and designing program for their activities and ensure that the flooding can be mitigated for the good of the community and improving safety by activating spaces.

Why start from home?

Because housing is what abounds within the neighborhood We want to sensitize residents about the value of water so that they can see the benefits of rainwater harvesting and mitigate the problem before it reaches the streets.

Why design the public space?

This space will no longer be an individual unit, it will become a collective space for collecting rainwater for the benefit of both the community and the aquifers.

CATCH

RAIN WATER COLLECTION SYSTEM

SUSTA COMM

EMPOWERAMENT OF THE COMMUNITY

VOIDS INTE

HMENT

BLOCK CHAIN

INABLE MUNITY

ERVENTION

Water

Rain garders

Rain Garden Infiltration areas

1 1

1.5

HOUSING WATER MANAGEMENT

PHASE 1

INFOMALITY

PH

RE

Housing Typologies

Voi

Flooding Mitigation

We

Adapt water collector systems to existing typologies

Pub

ASE 2

ECREATION

id Intervention

PHASE 3

SUPPLY

Social Housing System

etlands

Crops Area

blic Space Design

Model of farming + Water Treatment

PHASE 1 INFORMALITY Private space - roofs

Santa Maria Magdalena has a low level of clean water, therefore it is proposed to use the ISLA URBANA system for the collection of rainwater, which promotes the use of TLALOQUE, a device that allows the rainwater harvesting from roofs and its filtration for human consumption in communities that suffer shortage water.

TREET: 16 DE SEPTIEMBRE

CROPS

SOCIAL HOUSING

ORIZONTAL AXIS

CROPS

SOCIAL HOUSING

SELF-BUILD HOUSING SELF-BUILD HOUSING

MILITARY FIELD MILITARY FIELD

STREET: 16 DE SEPTIEMBRE Horizontal axis

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Train tracks Train tracks divide the neighborhood in the northern and the southern part, which generates a kind of two neighborhoods.

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Crops Santa Maria Magdalena is surrounded by crops because it has an irregular origin dedicated to agriculture.

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Drain The neighborhood and Queretaro is divided and crossed by the Arenal drain

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Military field The military field is public equipment but can not be used by inhabitants of the neighborhood.

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Social housing In the social housing typology the volume and the constructed area are the same.

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SELF-BUILD HOUSING In self-build housing typology the constructed area, volumes, materials and finishes are not the same

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8 7 6 5 4 3 2

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BLOCK ANALYSIS

WATER MANAGEMENT RAIN GARDENS Adapting water systems to existing typologies

City Block City block area = 4,024 m2 Built area = 1,060 m2 Total housing= 16 Inhabited housing= 10 Population = 34

Population Water consumption per month 40,800 lt

Total housing Water captured with built area per month 91,200 lt

Inhabited housing

Total housing - Inhabited housing Load factor 62.5% Liters affected by factor 57,000 lt Area

This block is sustainable by the rainwater catchment system

HOUSING ANALYSIS 16 BLOCKS More inhabited houses (occupation factor) = better water catchment Relationship between density and area of water catchment Self-Build Housing is more Sustainable than Social Housing

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ISLA URBANA References RAIN HARVESTING: ISLA URBANA #rainforall

References RAIN HARVESTING SYSTEM: ISLA URBANA.#rainforall

+ % in Santa Maria Magdalena

self-Build Hous

Water Sustainable

BALAN

Flexible

MUTUAL BENEFICIAL ARRANGEMENT

Water

community

Vegetation

sing - % en Santa Maria Magdalena

No Water Sustainable (Blocks)

NCE

No Flexible No big absortion Area.

Public Housing

H O U S I N G T Y P O LO G I E S R E S U M E

PHASE 1 INFORMALITY Private space - rain gardens

Self-build housing in Santa MarĂ­a Magdalena presents some flexibility because of the informality it has. Lands have front measures from 5 to 15 meters and width measures from 13 to 40 meters.

Self-build housing is informal and has a low or precarious socioeconomic level, which it prevents the possibility of building throughout the property, even has not a good distribution of the construction, and does not use suitable materials, which affects them during rainy seasons.

The project proposes a flood percentage of 3% of the city block and informality as a filter, therefore a rain gardens system is implemented.

Rain gardens generate community participation and conversation among inhabitants per city block, which establishes a new system within the existing typology that contributes to mitigating floods through the action of sharing the land.

INFORMALITY AS FILTER

ESTABLISHIN

E X I ST I N G H O U

G NEW SYSTEMS IN

USING TYPOLOGIES

SHARING TO MITIGATE

WATER MANAGEMENT RAIN GARDENS Adapting water systems to existing typologies

City Block City block area = 4,024 m2 Built area = 1,060 m2 Unbuitl area= 2,964 m2 Total housing= 16 Inhabited housing= 10 Population = 34

Area

Total area - Built area = unbuilt area

Water

Water captured with unbuilt area per month 141,778 lt

Rain garders 1 1

1.5 Water storage = 1,500 lt

Rain Garden Infiltration areas

Water captured with unbuilt area per month 141,778 lt / 1,500 lt WE NEED 95 m3 of rain gardens

3%

PERCENTAGE OF FLOOD

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Raingardens in existing housing typologies.

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The measurement will depend on the size of the property or what the inhabitant decides to donate as long as the minimum area is respected.

The measurement will be the same for all housing per city block.

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RAIN GARDENS Axonometric

BIODIGESTER

This system will be used during droughts.

Reference: ROTOPLAS

RAIN GARDEN

Tank

Inlet Outlet Sludge Inner treatment area

UNDERGROUND BIODIGESTER Sludge sediment

PHASE 2 RECREATION

Communal water system and Publics Space

Applying the same rainwater catchment system and analyzing the way in which the flood affects the neighborhood, we decided to locate three strategic voids depending on the neighboring areas and near the most important edges to be able to give a program and sensitize the community with the water catchment and treatment. We propose to design a void depending on the elements around it, “the social void� was considered of greater importance to start as the second phase in the project because it is located near schools, sports fields, commerce and self-construction housing. We are proposing a water park that provides security and space to carry out different commercial and cultural activities, providing roofs as a concept of the tarpaulins of the tianguis.

Today all the people that sells in the market dont have good space near the church, they invade the streets and the car has no acces to different streets so we think that givind the community a good space to sell their products and giving a program will help many problems of insecurity and accesibility.

We design a simple structure as a set of heights and perforations allowing the entry of natural light and letting the vegetation pass through this structure , giving space for informal commerce to have a place to stay throughout the day, without leaving aside the issue of water, they are designed in 4 modularities so that the rain catchment system can be implemented through the tlaloque. Thus, the collected water that goes to the cistern will be of better quality, helping the community and giving it a good use.

Throughout the site, wetlands were thought strategically depending on the topography and how the flood is spreading throughout the site, and thus, to be able to flood it in a positive way and to continue enjoying the roads and programs that people can give you. we want people to stay and take ownership of the place, to make it their own, seeing it as an opportunity rather than a threat.

VOIDS INTERVENTION

Santa Maria Magdalena devided by water consumption

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Environmental

Social

Economic

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3 ,9 2 0 I n h a b i t a n t s 156,800 lt

4,086 Inhabitants 163,440 lt 1000

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2,716 Inhabitants 108,640 lt

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SOCIAL VOID

SITE ANALYSIS

HORIZONTAL AXIS

Social Void

SCHO

VERTICAL AXIS North- South Commerce line.

OOLS

PUBLIC TRANSPORT

QUERETARO RIVER

SOCIAL VOID 18,446 m2 First Flooding affected Area Nearby: Qro River Self Build Housing Schools and Commerce Sport Club, FutBall Field.

Military Field.

MILITARY FIELD

Flooding scenarios SOCIAL VOID

DESIGN STRATEGIES Social Void

SPATIAL STRATEGIES

CONNECTIONS OUT OF THE EDGES

PERMEABIL

LI TY

SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY NETWORK

ESTABLISHING A STRATEGY

CULTURAL D

EVELOPMENT

GROWING UP WITH NATURE

ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAM Social Void

CONCRETE ROOFS

CHI A

EXISTING PATHS CONCRETE STEPS

WETLANDS

PLATFORMS

L D R E N´S AREA RAINGARDENS VEGETATION RAIN WATER COLLECTORS

XEROPHILOUS GARDENS

SECTION

Tlaloque System - Isla Urbana

2% pendiente

NLAP+ 6.25m

Impermeabilizante: Kover secado rápido serie 4800 marca Berel color blanco. Relleno de tezontle con pendiente de 2% -3% para bajada de agua pluvial.

Pretil de concreto aparante de 20cm de espesor

NPT+ 6.00

Entortado de mortero cemento - arena proporción 1:4 Enladrillado de ladrillo de 2.5x13x26cms.

Gotero de concreto

NLBL + 3.15

Chaflán de concreto f’c= 100kg/cm2 a 45o con dimensiones de 10 por 10 cm Bajada de agua pluvial. PVC 4”, codo 90 PVC 4” (ver detalle de Bajada pluvial) Capa de 5 cm de espesor de impermeabilizante Losa maciza bastones #3 @ 20cms- 25cms Alternados con la Bayoneta Armado de trabe de concreto f’c= 250 kg/cm2sección de 30x30cm, armado de 8 varillas pretensadas #6 con estribos #3 @ 20 cm @25cm Ganchitos 8mm soporte de tuberia aparente Parillas #3 a cada 20 cms o a cada 25 cms Capa de concreto f’c= 250 kg /cm2, de 10 cm de espesor

Columna cuadrada de concreto aparante de 30 a 35 cm. con altura de 6 m.

Armado de 8 varillas pretensadas #6, estribos #3 @8cm y @15cm en el centro

Estribos #3 @15cms 8 Varillas del #6 6/8”

Estribos #3 @8cms

Acabado de columna: concreto aparente Firme de concreto de 10 cm de espesor.

Plantilla de concreto simple F`c=250 kg/cm2 Acabado concreto pulido Malla electrosoldada 6X6/10,10 NPT+ 0.10 m

Terreno natural fértil Zapata Aislada de 30x30 cm con V #6 6/8”.

Estribos del # 3 @15 cms min @8cms.

Plantilla de mortero pobre a base de cemento agua y arena de 5cm de espesor Capa de impermeabilizante para cimentación Marca FESTER Excavación por medios mecánicos (Sujeto a cambios) Análisis de mecánica de suelos.

Relleno y compactación por medio de mecánica de suelos. (sujeto a cambios) Relleno y compactación en capas Excavación de cepas y zanjas con sobreexcavación (sujeto a cambios) Mejoramiento de suelo con gravilla

Mortero Entortado Trabe

Perforación de pretil

Rejilla

Codo 90 PVC 4”

2% pendiente

Tabique Novaceramic 12x12x24cm Entortado de cemento- arena 1:4

PVC 4”

Enladrillado

Trabe

Tabique Novaceramic 12x12x24cm Entortado de cemento- arena 1:4 Enladrillado

25 cm

Trabe

Pretil

Mortero Coladera Codo 90 PVC 4” Losa

Tubo PVC 4” 25 cm

Pretil

Mortero

STRUCTURAL DETAILS

Coladera Codo 90 PVC 4” Losa

Water catchment Systems in roofs (100m2 = 1 Tlaloque) Tubo PVC 4”

LANDSCAPE

Landscape strategies to mitigate floods

To address and solve problems of urban sanitation during rainy seasons it proposes landscape strategies, which involve rain gardens and wetlands. Rain gardens will be in private and public spaces while wetlands only in public spaces. Both sustainable ecology systems consider the low impact design, therefore involve native plants and species that contributing to create an eco network in this part of the city. Besides in the intervention in public space it proposes Xerophilus gardens because Santa Maria Magdalena it based in areas of matorral crasicaule that also would maintain and contribute the new ecosystem with native vegetation and low hydric demand.

DRAINAGE SERVICE

V

DRAINAGE SERVICE

VS

S

LANDSCAPE STRATEGIES TO MITIGATE FLOODS

LANDSCAPE STRATEGIES TO MITIGATE FLOODS

The drainage service merges runoff water and sewage, even does not recharge groundwater easily.

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RAIN GARDENS PROPOSAL LANDSCAPE Self-Build Housing Axonometric

PUBLIC SPACE PROPOSAL LANDSCAPE Axonometric

RAINGARDENS Native plants

WETLANDS Native Plants

XEROPHYTIC GARDENS Native plants

BIRDS

RODENTS

Pyrocephalus rubinus

Zenaida asiatica

Peromyscus gratus

Baiomys taylo

Quiscalus mexicanus

Tyrannus vociferans

Peromyscus pectoralis

Otospermoph

Haemorhous mexicanus

Cynanthus latirostris

Peromyscus levipes

Peromyscus d

Passer domesticus

Melanerpes aurifrons

Reithrodontomys fulvescens Heteromys irro

Columbina inca

Zenaida macroura

AMPHIBIANS

REPTILES

ARTHROPODS

ori

Spea multiplicata

Zenaida asiatica

Danaus plexippus

hilus variegatus

Lithobates berlandieri

Tyrannus vociferans

Apis mellifera

difficilis

Anaxyrus compactilis

Cynanthus latirostris

Argiope trifasciata

oratus

Lithobates spectabilis

Melanerpes aurifrons

Centruroides limpidus

LOW IMPACT DESIGN Native species for eco network

MATERIALS PROPOSAL Park material Proposal

SOCIAL

Landscape strategies to mitigate floods

To implement new measures and strategies to mitigate floods it needs the participation of citizens from local residents, activists, institutions and researchers or even architecture and urban design students due to the fact that Santa Maria Magdalena has a lack of urban hygiene during rainy seasons.

This project proposes the participative design and aims to maintain a sustainable ecology system managed by inhabitants of the neighborhood, therefore the situation about contaminated water will enhance. Besides in Queretaro City, 15 other areas exist for instance Felipe Carrillo Puerto, San Pedro Martir, Santa Rosa Jauregui, Jurica Pueblo, El Salitre, San Jose el Alto and “02 de Abril� under the same conditions as Santa Maria Magdalena where landscape strategies and community participation would be implemented to upgrade the life quality.

SEARCHING FOR AN ACTIVE COMMUNITY

Santa Maria Magdalena is a neighborhood full of culture, roots and history. Its inhabitants have formed a community and faced the flood for a long time.

Analyzing the history of the site we decided to understand a little better the way in which we want to intervene and improve the quality of life within the neighborhood, we want to help these people so that in the future they do not depend on us or the government. We want to teach them that from home the quality of life can be improved, they can be sensitized with water just by giving them the tools and knowledge.

Rain will continue to happen and their houses will be affected by water. We must take into account that people have lived for many generations in the same place, we cannot try to change their way of living or change their home design. We want to achieve an active and efficient community, sensitive to water and that they learn to care for it and treat it from home.

Understanding that the problem can be the solution and applying it at different scales, both private and public, so we can improved the experience within the neighborhood.

We want Santa Maria Magdalena to be a model of a self-sufficient neighborhood that can be replicated in different places that suffer the same problems.

An example can be set by adapting different rainwater catchment systems for the benefit of the community.

Applying different design strategies so that the community is active and considers itself as a whole, we want to invite people who can feel safe and who are part of the city of Queretaro, try to solve the issue of insecurity through water parks that activate the areas without lighting or fenced. We have to generate permanence and vigilant neighbors who can feel safe and united.

Ejidatarios ‘’Emiliano Zapata‘’ Tianguistas Muralistas/Raperos

Local Residents Grupo al servicio de la Iglesia

Activists

CULTIVA CIUDAD

Asociación de colonos de la Aurora

FRIDAYS FOR FUTURE MEXICO

PHASE1 Local Residents Activists

INFORMALITY 0 Years

ISLA URBANA BAJO TIERRA HABITANTES DEL RIO

10 Years

O

Institutions

CEA Comisión Estatal de Aguas ITESM Campus Querétaro ONU HABITAT SOM Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP IMPLAN Querétaro

Researches/ Students

CATEDRA SOM-TEC Water as a driver for prosperity

Ejidatarios ‘’Emiliano Zapata‘’ Tianguistas Muralistas/Raperos

Local Residents Grupo al servicio de la Iglesia

Asociación de colonos de la Aurora

Activists

ISLA URBANA BAJO TIERRA HABITANTES DEL RIO CULTIVA CIUDAD

FRIDAYS FOR FUTURE MEXICO

L

REC 0 Years

Institutions

CEA Comisión Estatal de Aguas ITESM Campus Querétaro ONU HABITAT SOM Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

O

IMPLAN Querétaro

PHASE2

Local Residents Activists Institutions

CREATION 20 Years

Researches/ Students

CATEDRA SOM-TEC Water as a driver for prosperity

Ejidatarios ‘’Emiliano Zapata‘’ Tianguistas Muralistas/Raperos

Local Residents Grupo al servicio de la Iglesia

Asociación de colonos de la Aurora

0 Years

Activists

ISLA URBANA BAJO TIERRA HABITANTES DEL RIO CULTIVA CIUDAD FRIDAYS FOR FUTURE MEXICO

Institutions

CEA Comisión Estatal de Aguas ITESM Campus Querétaro ONU HABITAT SOM Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

Researches/ Students

CATEDRA SOM-TEC Water as a driver for prosperity

IMPLAN Querétaro

PHASE3 Local Residents Activists Institutions Students

SUPPLY 30 Years

AREAS IN QUERETARO WHERE OUR STRATEGIES ARE ABLE TO BE IMPLEMENTED Santa Maria Magdalena San Pedro Mártir Felipe Carrillo Puerto La Piedad El Tepetate Lomas de Casa Blanca Reforma Agraria 3a Sección Reforma Agraria 5a Sección Prados de Querétaro Santo Niño/ Las Flores El Salitre San José el Alto Pueblo de Jurica Santa Rosa Jauregui La Estación/ 02 de Abril/ La Cuesta

Felipe Carrillo Puerto

San JosĂŠ el Alto

El Salitre

Jurica Pueblo

STUDY CASES

This are some of the projects that we studied and used as inspiration and served as a reference to have a better understanding of water shortages in marginalized areas. and what strategies and processes had they propose in their projects. it was helpfull to understand how they have solved this type of flooding problems in other parts of the world.

As a team we knew that Santa Maria Magdalena its considered a marginalized neighborhood and that not only in our country will we suffer water shortages in the not too distant future. we want to understand that the problem of water can take us much further, to question ourselves about our lifestyle as individuals and as a community.

INFORMALITY AS FILTER: A RENEWED LAND SHARING PLAN FOR KHLONG TOEI COMMUNITY Yun-Ting (Tina) Tsai, Landscape Designer, Architect Bangkok, Thailand. 2020

QUNLI STORMWATER WETLAND PARK Turenscape Architecs Haerbin, China. 2018

URBAN ENVIROMENTAL CORRIDOR CALI RIVER Alcuadrado Arquitectos + Habitar Colectivo Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. 2018

ADAPTING WATER SYSTEMS IN EXISTING HOUSING TYPOLOGIES AS A SOLUTION TO MITIGATE FLOODING IN MARGINALIZED AREAS.

TO RESUME...

BIG IDEAS DIAGRAM Design process

SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS "irregular settlement" Marginalized area Bad Urban Infraestructure Flooding Bad Smell From Drain No Pedestrian Accesible Topography Type of soil Flora&Fauna Crops

WHAT? WHERE? WHEN? WHY?

Downward economic trend.

Systemic water

Damage of urban infraestructure.

Catchment network

No pedestrian accesible

Achieving self-sufficiency in the neighborhood

Flood-affected Housing Adapting Water System in Housing typologies

More Insecurity - no lighting BETTER LIFE QUALITY

No access to public transport RAIN WATER COLLECTION SYSTEM

Queretaro River Train tracks Borders Highway Military Field

HOUSING TYPOLOGIES

ANALYSIS OF PROBLEM

NEED

Fl

o od

COMMUNITY STRENGTHEN & EMPOWEREMENT

D m

un

ity

IDEAL

m

SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS

Commerce Landscape Urbanism Permeability Flooding mitigation network Economic Growth Flexibility Voids (Social, Economic, Environmental) Security (Pedestrian)

ity

co

Community Social Groups Participation Identity History “Be owened by” “Rooting” “Feria del mole y la Tortilla” Raperos Tianguistas Ejidatarios “Emiliano Zapata”

un

com

m

ro

WATER

ing

Flooding Insecurity No Connetion with the city

WATER MANAGEMENT

ught

SANTA MAR IA MAGDALENA

No water mitigation system River overflow Daily routines affected Low access to water quality

FLOODING

Flooding mitigation

Catchment Treatment Through Storage Supply

WATER SENSITIVE URBAN DESIGN

IMPROVEMENT

Intervention in : 3 Phases

P H A S E S

Water sensitive urban Design Conscious community

INFORMALITY

y

t

Taking care of water, taking care of the community.

Sustainable Proposal

“The problem is the Solution”

RECREATION (private to public space)

SUPPLY

Opportunities.

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

PHASES STRATEGIES

city blocks & voids

Wetlands = Searching for Union and Community Participation

water collector systems

WETLANDS RAINGARDENS

EMBODIMENT OF SCHEMES

Establish new systems in Existing housing typologies

EQUITABLE HOUSING

IDE NTIT Y

SEEK SOLUTIONS IN PERMANENCE

Community Social Groups Participation Identity History “Be owened by” “Rooting” “Feria del mole y la Tortilla” Raperos Tianguistas Ejidatarios “Emiliano Zapata”

EQUITABLE HOUSING

SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY

Analyzing the different problems in Santa Maria Magdalena we decided to explain our project as a process understanding its spatial and social characteristics, its main needs as a community and marginalized neighborhood, analyze the problem, propose a good management of water and rainwater catchment system, propose a conceptual design , understand the project in countries and strategies to achieve the objective within the different scales and thus achieve a sustainable community, taking advantage of the problem of flooding and taking it as a solution to improve the experience inside the neighborhood.

REFERENCES

Cambridge Dictionary Ready floods Oxford University Languages Urbandictionary Book “The green architecture” Q500 ONU HABITAT Hydrological planning of the Mexico City by ORU Guía ilustrada de la flora del valle de Querétaro. Conabio y Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Enciclovida. Conabio Acta Botánica Mexicana.Instituto de Ecología, A.C. México Low Impact Development: A Design Manual for Urban Areas. University of Arkansas, Community Design Center Bernádez, C., Ortiz, J., Sánchez, M., E,.. (2008). Anuario de Espacios Urbanos . En Historia, Cultura y Diseño(361p.). Ciudad de México.: Jiménez Editores Impresores. informality as filter: a renewed land sharing plan for Khlong Toei community.Harvard University Graduate School of Design Qunli stormwater wetland park. Archdaily Urban environmental corridor Cali River. Archdaily Rain for all. Isla Urbana Biodigestor Autolimpiable. Rotoplas Mexico Trotalux Victor Pichardo Fotógrafo INSTAGRAM accounts: @cvltura.mx @magia_negra_hak @defthe1s @luisbernardonava

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Moisés Blanco Negrete Mario Espinosa Rivera Dafne García Del Rayo Laura Montaño Espinosa Gracy Jovita Fischer Servín