Foodnation
Alejandra Kaplun Mario Espinosa
F
PFC. Thesis Project Ba. Architecture 2020 Authors: Alejandra Kaplun Mario Espinosa Studio Advisors:
MSc. Urb. Diana GarcĂa Cejudo Arq. Pedro Mendoza HernĂĄndez
Instituto Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Design, Art and Architecture EAAD Queretaro, Mx.
6
Chapter I
Gasnation
Chapter II
Edible landscape
Chapter IV
Territory
Chapter II
System
Chapter II
Foodnation
7
The city as the mirror of the society.
8
Cities are constantly evolving; they expand, adapt and reinvent together with their inhabitants. In fact, it is the citizens’ dreams and desires that shape the urban landscape, inasmuch as they should have the power to decide on what kind of city they want to live. The answer to the question, how do we live together? Has never been the same because the way we live nowadays has nothing to do with how we used to do it. The priorities are not the same; neither are the trends nor the technologies. Ever since the Industrial Revolution the world has changed quite a lot, everything revolves around the idea of living to work, working to produce and living to consume. This industrial fever has affected many cities in which we live in the present moment; the aftermath of a consumer-oriented society is severe, it has resulted on a long list of consequences that are just the outcome of a century of bad decisions. Now we get to live in cities that are flooded with cars, we breathe polluted air and we work within unhealthy environments. For a long period these problems were set aside to continue strengthening industry in order to make as much profit as possible, however this has become an unsustainable situation that surpasses the capabilities of the Earth. We are living in a time when we clearly cannot quit on industry and its processes due to the humongous demand for goods, yet that does not mean we have to quit on dreaming about a world that can find a way of satisfying the current needs more as sustainably and responsibly possible.
As architects, we understand that our work entails an inherent responsibility with the act of making cities that are oriented towards the Sustainable Development Goals, that is to say, cities that are not only a collage of beautiful buildings, but instead an integral system that is ruled by a set of strategies which promote a healthy, safe and fair lifestyle. The design of sustainable communities must deem the industry within it, this is a key component to achieve the economic part of the three dimensions of sustainability. For this reason, we consider of utmost importance to create a method to integrate sustainable production into the urban fabric. This project aims to explore new ways to catalyze urban regeneration in an industrial context located in the city of Queretaro, Mexico, by creating a catalogue of new ideas and typologies that aspire to sort out specific issues of the site and that later on, these could be taken as a reference when addressing a similar case study. Now it is up to us, the urban planners and architects of the world, to redirect our cities towards a brighter future through designs that go along with the challenges we are facing as a society nowadays. Because the answer to the question, how do we live together today? Will determine if we get the chance of living together tomorrow. Alejandra Kaplun + Mario Espinosa. Queretaro, Mx 2020
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10
Chapter I
Gasnation
11
Let me tell you a story.
13
14
An inventor
15
made techonology accesible.
16
A dreamer
17
was fascinated by his car.
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19
20
A new standard was born,
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the Fuel Temple: Gas Station.
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Fuel made us faster
23
and more connected.
1
Reichsautobahn, Nazi-built freeway,1935
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But also more polluted
25
and dependents.
26
The voice of future generations
27
says that there´s no Planet B.
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An inventor
29
is attempting to make clean energy accesible.
30
Clean energy will feed our cars
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and driverless mobility will become the new normal.
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Do you remember Gas Stations?
We are in 2070, they no longer exist.
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Gas Stations what?
2
Diego Berruecos, 2016. Source: Centro de la imagen
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ERROR 404 We are sorry, the place you are looking for cannot be found.
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Chapter II
Edible landscape
2020
2070
Cities are full of gas stations
?
Edible landscape Dealing with Junkspace.
39
Gas Stations are located in perfect spots Revolution of agriculture Future technology trends: New mobility
What is going to happen with Gas Stations in the future? Privileged spaces need profitable and essential responses for the city.
Site Facts Gas Station
Location Accesibility Visibility
10/10 41
10 billion
42
POPULATION 2020
2070
How will we feed the planet in the future?
Agriculture 2020
40% LAND LAND LAND
WATER WATER
of the earth’s surface is dedicated to agriculture
70% of world water consumption is for agriculture
WATER
WASTE
33%
WASTE WASTE
POPULATION POPULATION POPULATION
of the world’s food is wasted
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Agriculture 2070
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Use Post- Gas sites to build a network of vertical urban farms Gas stations will go from feeding our cars to feeding us.
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Why in Post-Gas Sites? Privileged location
Second life to tanks and infrastructure
Open Field
= 1m2
1m2 x 3.9 kg 250 L x 1 kg Crop yield per m2 lettuce
LESS FOOD
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Open Field
= 1m2
= 2.5 L
1m2 x 3.9 kg 250 L x 1 kg Crop yield per m2 lettuce
LESS FOOD
Open field vs Vertical Farming
MORE WATER
= 1m2
Vertical farming 1m2 x 80-100 kg 1 L x 1 kg Water usage per 1 kg of lettuce
R
MORE FOOD
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Vertical farming
= 1m2
= 2.5 L
1m2 x 80-100 kg 1 L x 1 kg Water usage per 1 kg of lettuce
MORE FOOD
LESS WATER
GYROSCOOTER
N SO 1P
2070
T C U
?
PERSON
PRODUCT
INSIDE OR OUTSID
HEA 1- .30 tons / 50 km -... .
PERSON OR P RO D
A
UT
O
N SO ER
ELECTRIC TRICYCLE
LITY MOBI RO IC M
1P ER
BICYCLE
DRIVERLESS TRUCK
PE OP L
E
15
M
O
TRAN S P O R TAT I O N US
5-2 0P
DE TH EC IT Y?
DRIVERLESS BUS LE
LIGHT INSIDE / LAST MILE
1- 3km / 1- 10 kg
1
DRIVERLESS TRAIN
DELIVERY ROBOT
m/ 0k -1
AVY
EOP
EOPLE 80 P 20-
ON
O
SELF DRIVING CAR
1-
30
0 kg 10-5 km / 5- 30
kg
DELIVERY DRONE
DELIVERY VEHICLE
Chapter IV
Territory
Queretaro Located in the central area of Mexico
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Strategic position to produce, manufacture and distribute products. Most beautiful state in Mexico
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Connection with other States.
56
1940
1960
1980
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2018
58
59
4
Chapter II
System
60
Mapping of gas stations in Queretaro
The city as a logistics center Green infrastructure investment Select post-gas station sites Build indoor vertical farms Make a sustainable network of fresh food
Moving Towards a Sustainable Food Future
Vertical farm production sequence
PACKAGING
PLANT
CONTROL
SHORTEN ‘FOOD MILES’
NEW GROUND LIFE
Having an urban farming system shortens the distance between the place where food is produced and the place where it is purchased and consumed.
Urban agriculture will help increase food production, but without expanding agricultural land; This helps restore abandoned or unproductive agricultural land in forests or other natural habitats.
Goals:
Goals:
Cut down carbon emissions
Restore natural ecosystems
More access to fresh food
Promote sustainable agriculture
SHIPPING
DELIVERY STORE
SHOP
LEAN PRODUCTION
LOCAL IMPACT
Increase energy and resource efďŹ ciency by implementing technology and innovative agricultural systems. Improve productivity and cut down waste during the process.
Encourage people to adopt sustainable practices such as waste management, local consumption and shift to a healthier diet.
Goals:
Goals:
Reduce water and energy waste
Responsible consumption and production
Increase productivity
Economic growth
PLANT
Crops Catalogue
66
RADISH #eb272c
RASPBERRY #fd4d55
ZUCHINNI #626c40I
LETTUCE #547a0a
CUCUMBER #40811b
PEA #bfe01a
MINT #9fe15e
ARTICHOKE #c1ceaf
STRAWBERRY #a1100c
TOMATO #c61b00
CHILE #e72417
BELL PEPPER #fdd026
GINGER #e2b567
CARROT #ef640b
GARLIC #e3d3d1
ONION #e8e2d0
BROCCOLI #1f370e
SPINACH #4b5e14
PARSLEY #98b245
CELERY #7cb915
BLACKBERRY #32363c
EGGPLANT #6c4369
CAULIFLOWER #ffe4ac
BEETROOT #9c4852
CABBAGE #a53678
Janu
r
ary
mbe D e ce
F e br u
No ve m
ar
be
b er
Marc
h
Octo
y
r
April
er emb Sept
June
July
Au gu st
M
ay
Annual harvest calendar
Agricultural systems
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Traditional
Aquaponics
Hydroponics
SHOP
Food Nation App
08.00
08.00
Hello, MarÃa! DELIVER TO AV. UNIVERSIDAD 56
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Know your f Nutrition facts 10
5
We know what you love We designed a special box of goods for you
0
Harvest at home! Keep it fresh Be healthier
w
.
sk your personal virtual s.
08.00
Find stores We´re always close to you
Av. 5 de Febrero 418, 5 de Febrero, Santiago de QuerĂŠtaro, Qro.
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08.00
08.00
Fruit
a!
Strawberry
RSIDAD 56
Kca
48
Car 11.7
Fats 0.5
72
Prot 1g
Rich pota acid
Know your fruit Nutrition facts 5
u love
ial box of goods for you
0
Harvest at home! Keep it fresh Be healthier
Your portion in grams: 149 150 151
152 1 cup
08.00
08.00
Fruit
Your drone is c
Strawberry Kcal
i
48.6 Carbohydrates 11.7 g Fats 0.5 g Protein 1g
73
Rich in vitamin C, potassium, folic acid, and ďŹ ber
w your fruit
Your portion in grams: 149 150 151
152 1 cup
Thanks for 153 154 155
Estimated Delive
15 items will b Av. Univer
08.00
art
08.00
Eat the rainbow
Find stores
Last Month´s consumption
We´re always close to you
Av. 5 de Febrero 418 Febrero, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro.
74
8
d: Drone
9
10
This month, be healthier. Add more color to your plate! Ask your personal virtual assistant to recommend recipes.
July´s veggies Goals:
Pay
The more colors on your plate, the more health-promoting properties in your diet.
75
08.00
08.00
Make your plate seasonal
coming
Shopping C
Order Summary 15 ite Jan Feb Mar
Spring
Apr May
76
Jun 10
MIN AWAY
Jul Aug
Delivery method Your order´s weight (Kg) 4
5
6
Sep
r shopping!
Oct
very in 10 minutes
Nov
be delivered to ersidad 56
Dec
Recommended met View order details
$ 475.
08.00
08.00
e seasonal
Shopping Cart
Eat the rainbo
Order Summary 15 items
Last Month´s consumpti
Spring
77 Delivery method Your order´s weight (Kg) 4
5
6
7
8
Recommended method: Drone
9
10
This month, be healthi
Add more color to your plate assistant to recommend rec
July´s veggies Goals: View order details $ 475.50
Pay
SHIPPING
The future of transportation
08.00
08.00
Make your plate
Your drone is coming
Kcal
i
Jan
48.6
Feb Mar
Carbohydrates 11.7 g
Apr
Fats 0.5 g
May
78 Protein
Jun
1g
Rich in vitamin C, potassium, folic acid, and ďŹ ber
2
10
MIN AWAY
Jul Aug Sep
153 154 155
Thanks for shopping!
Oct
Estimated Delivery in 10 minutes
Nov
15 items will be delivered to Av. Universidad 56
Dec
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Chapter VII
Foodnation
Av. 5 de Febrero
Foodnation A playground of freshness
Select a site Architectural programming Create design strategies Build it yourself
83
Site location
N
Total area: 1570 m2
Site analysis
Pre-existing structure
Foundation
86
Drainage system
User and transport paths
Energy control system
87
Fuel gas system
Water supply system
Analysis Elements of Botanical Architecture 88
Ceiling
Corridor
Stair
Faรงade
89
90
The Crystal Palace London, UK 1851
91
Orquideorama Botanic Garden Colombia, MedellĂn, 2006
92
Las Pozas Edward James Garden Xilitla, México 1962
93
The Temperate House Richmond, United Kingdom 1862
94
Botanical gardens Palm House Copenhaguen, Denmark 1870
95
Hortus Botanicus Amsterdam, Netherlands 1638
96
Climatron, Missouri Botanical Garden St. Louis, Missouri, 1960
Design principles
97
Green maze
Lost in green
Modular structure
98
99
Program
droponics Hy
ol
rming scho Fa
uaponics Aq
r rido or
oductive c Pr
ming Far
Farming 100
Store
Retail
d bank See
t
veyor be Co l
Storage
Logistics
Transport ve thru Dri
OfďŹ ce Packing
neport Dro
101
Strong link Link Side link
Strong link Link Side link
Seed bank Exit
Supply
Entrance Customer
Store
Drive thru
Autonomous vehicle
Autonomous truck
Drone
Fr
Storage
Packing
Productive corridor Farming school
Farming
eport
resh products ready to be sold
Aquaponics Hydroponics Traditional
Design strategies
1 Takeaway 105
Modular structure
106
107
Flexible
108
Adaptable
109
Joints
110
axonometric view
front view
111
top view
side view
Water system
Water System
112
113
Retainers Hydraulics
B
C
D
E
F
S-03
A
1
2
3
4
5
115
6
7
8
N 1
2
Level 0
5
10
B
C
D
S-03
A
1
2
3
4
5
116
6
7
8
N 1
2
Level 1
5
10
E
F
B
C
D
E
F
S-03
A
1
2
3
4
5
117
6
7
8
N 1
2
Level 2
5
10
8
7
4.80
Drone Port
NPT. +14.40
Level Two
NPT. +9.60
Mezaninne 3
NPT. +8.00
Mezaninne 2
NPT. +6.40
Level One
NPT. +4.80
Mezaninne
NPT. +3.20
Level Zero
NPT. +0.00
Lateral Elevation
6
4.80
4.80
5
4
4.80
3
4.80
2
4.80
1
4.80
F
E
4.80
Frontal Elevation
D
4.80
4.80
C
B
4.80
A
4.80
NPT. +14.40
Drone Port
NPT. +9.60
Level Two
NPT. +4.80
Level One
NPT. +0.00
Level Zero
1
2
4.80
Section
3
4.80
4
4.80
5
4.80
6
4.80
7
4.80
8
4.80
NPT. +14.40 Drone Port
1
2
5
NPT. +9.60
Level Two
NPT. +8.00
Mezaninne
NPT. +6.40
Mezaninne
NPT. +4.80
Level One
NPT. +3.20
Mezaninne
NPT. +0.00
Level Zero
10
F
E
4.80
Section
D
4.80
C
4.80
4.80
B
A
4.80
NPT. +14.40
Drone Port
NPT. +9.60
Level Two
NPT. +8.00
Mezaninne 3
NPT. +6.40
Mezaninne 2
NPT. +4.80
Level One
NPT. +3.20
Mezaninne
NPT. +0.00
1
2
5
Level Zero
10
Paths
Movements
126
127
Droneport Drive Through Store Farming
128
Spatial Zoning
Areas
130
131
m2 Logistics Retail Public Space Farming Transport TOTAL
250 590 360 1660 610 1570
132
133
2 Just plug it in! 135
136
137
138
139
140
142
143
144
145
146
“You must unite behind the science. You must take action. You must do the impossible. Because giving up can never ever be an option.� -Greta Thunberg, 2019 UN Climate Summit, New York.
References
Jardón, T. (2020). Calendario De Siembra - La Huertina De Toni. Retrieved 14 May 2020, from https://www.lahuertinadetoni.es/calendario-de-siembra/ Bioguia. 2020. ¿Qué Vegetales Plantar En Cada Estación Del Año? | Bioguia. Retrieved 14 May 2020 from https://www.bioguia.com/ambiente/que-vegetales-plantar-en-cada-estacion-del-ano_29288932.html Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación. (2020). Manual técnico Producción Artesanal de Semillas de Hortalizas. Retrieved 3 May 2020, from http://www.rlc.fao.org/es/agricultura/aup/huerta 148 SEDEREC (2020). Orienta y apoya a quien quiera poner un huerto urbano. Retrieved 3 May 2020, from https://www.sepi.cdmx.gob.mx/secretaria/huertos-urbanos Katherine D. McManus, L. (2020). Phytonutrients: Paint your plate with the colors of the rainbow - Harvard Health Blog. Retrieved 3 May 2020, from https:// www.health.harvard.edu/blog/phytonutrients-paint-your-plate-with-the-colors-of-the-rainbow-2019042516501 Garden, H. (2020). Blog - Mesas de Cultivo EcoHortum. Retrieved 3 May 2020, from https://ecohortum.com/blog/ EPA, U. (2020). Sources of Greenhouse Gas Emissions | US EPA. Retrieved 3 May 2020, from https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/sources-greenhouse-gas-emissions
Ritchie, H., & Roser, M. (2020). Agricultural Production. Retrieved 3 May 2020, from https://ourworldindata.org/agricultural-production# NG, N. (2020). Feeding 9 billion. Retrieved 3 May 2020, from https://www. nationalgeographic.com/foodfeatures/feeding-9-billion/ Waite, R. (2020). How to Sustainably Feed 10 Billion People by 2050, in 21 Charts. Retrieved 3 May 2020, from https://www.wri.org/blog/2018/12/howsustainably-feed-10-billion-people-2050-21-charts Phelan, M. (2020). He accidentally sold — and possibly saved — the 1st Ford Mustang ever built. Retrieved 3 May 2020, from https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/cars/2019/09/24/mustang-first-one-ever-built-byford/2423417001/
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Foodnation A playground of freshness
Alejandra Kaplun Mario Espinosa