Fundamentals 05 + 06 by The Design School at Arizona State University

ALA 226 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Fundamentals 05-06

05 How Does a Building Turn a Corner? One of the oldest problems in architecture is how to turn a corner. According to some sources, no one could turn a corner like Mies. Well, maybe with the exception of Pippo Brunelleschi, who, as a good student of Serlio, knew that corners attract wickedness.

06 How Does a Building Meet the Ground? In ballet, to go up, you must first go down. This is similar to a building. All buildings must, in some way, meet the ground. The ground, however, is always intentionally designed as it is removed and then replaced once the construction is complete.

05 How Does a Building Turn a Corner?

Since the main building of Grady Gammage Auditorium is round, corners would normally be difficult to find. However, around the edge of the building, a corner can be found. As the brick facade left of the main entrance of the building nears a ramp, the brick stops and exposes a steel corner which protrudes outwards perpendicularly before the brick facade continues. Despite the perpendicular steel protrusion, the brick facade continues with a diagonal protrusion before turning its own miniature corner and continuing along the curved shape of the building.

05 - 05 01 - 01

The corner is unique in its design. Wood panels are layered over the glass portion of the wall to create thickness and draw interest of passerby. It is the only corner in the building to be designed like this.

05 - 02

The corner I chose is composed with the piling of bricks. On the other side of the walls composing this corner, there is a restroom with tile and panels on the walls. This drawing slices the cornerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s walls horizontally, exposing their thickness in material with brick, insulation, drywall and a cavity for airspace. In contrast with other corners in the building, this corner includes a series of concrete-framed windows spanning vertically, two included in this drawing. The windows are composed of nontransparent thick glass that absorb little to no light. These windows support the corner by adding balance in material.

h e

els

05 - 03

To the left of the main entrance stairway is an elevated platform leading into an series of office spaces. The Railing is a three foot tall wall composed of modular red bricks and topped with a marble patterned â&#x20AC;&#x153;counter topâ&#x20AC;? that trails the wall. The railing attaches to the exterior wall of the building the exterior wall has a stucco facade which rises about a foot above the railing. Presumably, a rain-screen resides inside the wall to prevent water leaking through from the bricks above. The interior of the wall is also a layer of stucco. A metal framed glass door rests near the corner.

05 - 04

The Social Sciences building has a distinctive, decorative shell around its exterior corners. There are short walls made of molded stones that are stacked to create a geometric aesthetic to the outside of the building. Vines hang over parts of these walls and the design allows for a view of the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s exterior walls. Wide concrete sections wrap around the bottom and a brick veneer encases the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s upper levels.

05 - 05

My corner, located on the NE side of Wrigley Hall (2006), exemplifies excitement. Ascending from the bottom, you start with window, to brick, to more window. This building shows an interesting theme, when touching on the sustainability side of things with the metal shades. This corner, quite supporting in itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s nature, also aesthetically appeals. This appeal makes you want to enter the building and explore the excitement it holds.

05 - 07

This particular corner is on the northwest sit of the Danforth Chapel. The exterior walls are made of brick. In this building, the brick material is the structure and forms a double brick wall held together by metal wall ties.- The brick sits on top of an exposed concrete base. The bricks are staggered, but still form a pattern every six vertical rows. The brick pattern is most evident in this corner. It is built to look random, but in reality, it is still organized.

05 - 08

The complex corner problem has been solved by a variety of architects in a variety of ways. Corners are mitered to not only connect materiality but to create a seamless sequence throughout the building. Corners embody a constructive system that can influence the perception of space. The simplicity of the entirely brick corners of this building may be easy to lay but they are certainly rich in character. Brick is very durable, lasts forever, and has very good thermal properties. Brick has a natural texture and gracefully ages after centuries of exposure to the elements.

to eate e tive tion y in

e f

05 - 09

The formal definition of a corner is the point where converging lines, edges or sides meet. I believe a corner is a lot more powerful than MerriamWebster sums it up to be, especially in Architecture. The corner becomes a place of strategic decision making, or on the contrary, a design that was left out of planning. The corner I was interested in reflects a strategic decision in the way that the column is concealed inside a classroom behind glass. I believe this was an intentional choice because it keeps the column out of the way from the flow of people in the hall, while at the same time, showcasing the structure of the building.

05 - 10

This exterior corner of the University Club is comprised of textured concrete masonry units, smooth bricks and concrete. The corner consists of two major elements: the University Club, which was constructed in 1908, and the landing of a relatively new staircase and ramp. The corner represents a transition from the past to a more inclusive present day where we must include ramps with stairs due to the American Disability Act passed in 1990.

05 - 11

The corner of a building is an aspect that easily get passed up on when talking about the nature of a building. Corners are ends where parts of the building need to be resolved. With the Durham Language and Literature Building, the corners are actually rather well done. Nothing stands out about most of them. The corners have a flush finish, however, there is a neat feature to one of the corners that stands out. Both sides of the wall that meet up on this particular corner have rectangular brick faรงade pieces. What makes it unique, is the fact that one side of the brick veneer protrudes out about 3 inches, while the other one cuts in the exterior wall about 3 inches. It has this offsetting look that makes it very distinctive.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

05 - 12

Corners in the built environment add a complex sense of three dimensionality to a space. The Temple of Athena Nike recognizes this reality, which can be seen through the three dimensionality of the corner columns along the front portico. The Arizona State University campus also has a wonderful array of complex corners to explore, each one presenting itself a little differently. This corner, at the ASU Psychology Building uses a column and walls to create its three dimensional form. The wall to the left, while not attached to the column, is arranged in such a way that creates the idea of a corner. This goes to show that all pieces do not have to be attached to form a corner, and that it is about the perspective that is created by the elements in conjunction.

05 - 13

While this corner is not a distinguished corner, it still visibly shows a disruption. The right side was attached nearly twenty years later using different colors and a different style. The new, darker wall is set back nine inches to allow for the decorative framing to be flush with the current wall. There is also a drainpipe in the new corner to help create the appearance of attachment. The drainpipe seems to act as the glue holding these two walls together. The roof lines also do not line up, giving off more of a sense of disruption.

05 - 16

This corner is from the Center for Family Studies. All of the corners were similar, in design, to one another in the building, but this is the one that stands out. The design of these little storage cubbies matches the overall design of the doors within the building, which seems to be the focus. It shows that the design is carried symmetrical throughout the building. There was an intended purpose for this storage corner, and even though it is not in use, there is potential for it to be used in other various capacities. This was probably built for use in a dorm setting, which was the original intention of the building previously.

05 - 17

A corner of two walls are very much underrated, overlooked, and over-thought. No one ever sees what exactly a corner is doing. The corners at Murdock Lecture Hall are multifunctional. What I mean by that is one specific concrete slab coming off a staircase meets this long-structural brick wall meeting in this open space. The corner divides two different spaces; a relaxing rather waiting area to socialize, and a learning forced space inside the lecture hall. Just behind this important corner meets vegetation. Green life that people can see. Corners in Murdock Lecture Hall are purposeful and should be seen more.

05 - 21

This corner of the Student Health Services building is a great example of Louis Khan’s cornerstone belief that a structure’s corner is the giver of light. In this section of the building the corner is composed almost entirely of glass with 6”x8” wide flange beams on the exterior functioning as the primary support, which interestingly plays off of an inversed concept of Gropius’ Bauhaus design. A unique detail about the framing in the nearest corner is that the interior mullion is angled at 45 degrees which allows a clean and almost seamless transition of glass on the exterior.

05-25

05 - 25

Walking around the The Lyceum Theater, you can find an interesting corner on the east side. At first glance, it seems like a curiously designed interior corner. The interior corner details (and all elements of that wall) never touch the exterior corner. In a typical design, one would expect the horizontal extrusion (located near the middle) to at least touch the exterior corner. This design was made purposeful in order to emphasize the bigger size of the northern part of the building; by giving the impression that the interior corner is part of a different building, you feel the need to classify the far side of the building as its own building.

05 - 2 05 - 27

This corner is present on the lowest floor of Old Main. The counter tops welcome retired university and college faculty who have received Emeritus status to ASUâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Emeritus college. A retired professor is awarded emeritus status to be remembered as a successful professor. Emeritus means â&#x20AC;&#x153;veteran soldierâ&#x20AC;? in Latin. Much like the professors entering through the door, this corner stands strong, asserts itself, and is currently withstanding the test of time.

05 - 32 05 - 32

The exterior corner on the west side of the Matthews Center is constructed out of quoins and concrete. The quoins themselves are made up of bricks and add a subtle detail to the rest of the brick exterior. The return quoin extrudes from the building and appear as large cut blocks of stone. The brick quoins add a sense of structure and strength to the building, finding a way to connect the brick and accentuate the corner facade. Behind the brick there is likely an airspace, framework, insulation, and plaster.

05 - 05 34- 34

The corner I really like is located on the south side of MU. It is between two exterior walls. Overlook the wall, seems like there are four Columns inlay the wall. However, when you take a good look at the columns, you will find that the two columns in the corner are different. They connect beams and support the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s structure. What is more, the columns in corner have the brick veneer, which means the corner also decorate the building.

05 - 35

This corner is located at the second floor of the Physical Education building, by Orange st. The significance of this corner is that there isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t any other like it. This corner has two edges instead of one which makes it unique, but also the corner is made of wood. The walls are covered with wood, but there is the wood that is thin and is placed horizontally and vertically which is the same as the corner and then the other long sheets of wood cover the whole wall. This wall and corner is easy to built, but even simplicity looks very good and interesting.

05 - 36

Although small in scale, this specific corner in the Moeur building was one to catch my attention. The joining of two sides of what looks like symmetrical patterns turns out to be quite a peculiar sequence of spacing. Not only does this corner create confusion, but also a disconnection of movement from one part of the room to another. The thin vertical indents that make up the dado create a sense of delicacy in the corner as it does not meet up evenly on the edge. Upon realizing its jagged floor line, you could say the wall is made up of three corners instead of one because of the pillar like structure.

05 - 37

The corner of the bookstore is where two ideas collide. Two created products on two separate walls shout for attention, as they combine. To make this a coherent statement, we separate these two ideas with structure and balance. A post allows the eye to pass to the second idea from the first, realizing it is something different and new, allowing for equal opportunity to the product.

05 - 39

This is one corner located outside the Business Administration Building. The corner has a unique design. Rather than other angular corners, it contains some various size of beams. However, they are decorations. The two columns on the bottom are supportive. The lower part of this corner is huge glass windows.

05 - 40

The expression that this corner gives is openness. The two glass windows that connect together give the room a more open space to view what is around it. The windows are about three feet wide and five feet tall but are adjacent to one another and surround the whole room. Two of the four corners are connected by two windows and give the being occupying the space half of the room and extra â&#x20AC;&#x153;spaceâ&#x20AC;? to make the room feel bigger and brighter.

05 - 41

The architect who designed the Piper Writerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s House took a very interesting approach to the corners of the house. The way the corners were designed allows for the windows to give a view which would otherwise be considered a blind spot. This corner is also quite interesting as it is not symmetrical whether it is how the walls meet up to the corner or the bricks that extrude from the facade right above the bottom window. The way the corner is designed makes it look like an open book which is also interesting as it is used as a writing club as well.

05 - 42

The corner of the interior lower floor doors of the Discovery Hall building demonstrates quite well how two different walls can come together to form a corner. The concrete wall meets the mullions of the glass panel at a sharp 90 degree corner. I thought this corner to be interesting because the transition from concrete to glass is clearly evident, there is no question as to how or where there is a shift in material. The mullions serve as this clear indicator of shift.

05 - 44

This corner is on the third floor of the Student Services building on its west side of the interior. It demonstrates the meeting of two different walls--a plastered one to a glass one. The glass wall includes a door that leads to a small secretive exterior balcony facing Gammage and overlooking the rest of campus. This corner intrigued me because the material of the plaster wall seemed to not reach its required length as if there was a mistake in its construction. Due to this, the plaster angles outwards as it meets the class wall at an odd angle rather than the two walls meeting at a 90 degree angle as most of the interior walls of this building do.

04 - 45

05 - 45

The importance of turning a corner dates back to the oldest day. This particular facility has a unique way of turning a corner and continuing with the structure. The way this one works is the taller building over laps the smaller one. The taller building is out of aluminum finish that have brick like creases on them and the building thats under is concrete finish. The interesting part about this is that it almost looks like one building is on top of another and the smaller building continues on to glass wall.

05 -05-46 46

Personally, a corner is one that fuses two different worlds. They solve and connect by creating a world where three dimensionality exists. In this case, the corner wall located at the Northeastern side of the Noble Library connects the curtain wall and the brick veneer. The second floor was cut to give us a better understanding of what lies behind the brick veneer and the thickness of the glass windows. The brick veneer is a typical design with a 1â&#x20AC;? air space between the brick and the vapor barrier. Behind it are 2x4 studs with batt insulation and a gypsum wall to cover up the interior. The glass is encased about 2 7/8â&#x20AC;? into the aluminum siding which is measured to be at least 6 inches thick.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

05 - 47

This corner is located right near the entrance to the ASU Dance Lab Studios. It is the only corner attached to the Galvin Playhouse and Dance Studios that extend out beyond the brick arches to the open environment. At the corner, the cement slab meets the corner of a stairway leading to the second level of the Playhouse. However; the corners never match perfectly, like one would expect. The cement slab has a slight overlap onto one side wall for the stairwell adjacent to the flooring.

05 - 48

What instantly draws curiosity is the extruding exterior faรงade because a thick line of grout runs down the seam of the two adjoining walls. The South oriented wall is laid-out in a stretcher bond style, where the bricks are laid with an overlap for each subsequent row. However, when this wall meets with the East oriented wall, the way in which the two connect is not in a typical return corner style. Instead, the South wall abruptly ends, is cut off, and the East wall bricks are exposed which lie directly aligned with one another, indicating the actual underlying structure. This building corner is also interesting because the first panel of molding is split down the grout line, unintentionally, revealing natural cracks, most likely due to settling over time.

05 - 49

Wilson Hall has many corners inside and outside the building. Among many of the corners this corner stands out. Glass panels and a wall meet at this point. The wall is a foot thick, and mostly likely to be brick since it is not hollow. Glass panels and brick line up well together. In this corner a sitting area is also placed for visitors.

05 - 50

The corners of ISTB 4 are not exceptionally detailed. The entire building has an industrial theme to it, with minimalistic and rough designs. There are few different materials or colors used in the entire building. In this particular corner there are CMU blocks making up a brick faĂ§ade. What is interesting about this corner is that the uppermost part of the faĂ§ade is met by a concrete platform. Part of this platform serves as the second floor, and is supported by large steel beams. These beams push out from the corner of the building parallel with one side, and perpendicular with the other. They also serve to hold up the metal screens in front of the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s windows.

N AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

05 - 54

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK S

The facade of a building can trick a viewerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s perception of the structural materials used. In the Schwada Classroom Building, when looking at one of the exterior corners, where two exterior walls meet, the various materials used in the project become apparent. The transitions between concrete and masonry, both horizontal and vertical, changes at different elevations. In this angle of the building the brick is shown to only cover the exterior walls, unveiling the true structure of this building, one based on the use of concrete. The brick only serves as a decorative aesthetic as it appears to float about the ground in front of the concrete below.

05 - 55

This corner extrudes from the building attached to the sun devilâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s stadium. This corner includes a curve that goes inward and a sharp edge at the end. It is also a corner that is supported by a long column on the edge of the curve whereas the other corner goes all the way to the ground. The corner looks interesting because it includes a balcony then on top of the balcony there are two curtains of windows that continue to the other side of the corner whereas the balcony stops at the curve.

05 - 59

The ‘meeting point’ of the two brick volumes that give shape to the ERC signifies the main entrance to the building. The corner which the brick volumes anticipate is interrupted by two separate glass volumes that open the north west corner of the building to sunlight. Extending forth from the corner is the heavy concrete slab roof of the entrance lobby. The rectangular slab rests on the extended glass walls that hold the entrance doors to the building. Resting then on the concrete slab is another glass volume resembling the shape and placement of an exterior chimney, making room for a staircase inside. On the end of the volume are two doors that lead to a bridge (not shown) which connect the ERC to another building. The section line shows how the glass volumes relieve the brick walls from forming an immediate corner. This building explores glass as a material to create a usable and social space of the corner. The unconventional ‘connection’ is the most utilized space within the building.

ck volgnifies . The icipate ss volrner of g forth ncrete e rectd glass to the ncrete mbling xterior ase inre two shown) builde glass m formuilding eate a corner. is the uilding.

05 - 63

This corner of Coor Hall is an exterior corner to the bathroom. The most interesting aspect of this corner is the conjunction of several different materials that are iconic to Coor Hall. The metal veneer at the top reflects the metal veneer consistent throughout the building, most notably the metal wall separating the concrete classrooms and the main front of Coor. Parallel with the window is a concrete wall, reckoning back the central building material. The window frames are steel and painted a dark grey reminiscent of the exterior doors. The window (because it leads into the bathroom) is clouded, but still grey, tying together the main material and color components of Coor.

05 - 65

Amongst the dumpsters and trash bags on the north side of the stadium rests the rather wicked corner of one of the only enclosed rooms in the complex. This corner is technically located on the second story, but interrupts another brick structure on the first level creating quite a chaotic looking stack of elements.

05 - 66

A corner such as this one not only dictates some proportions of the building, but also forces an interesting perspective on those who walk by. Topped by a flower planter, the walls are constructed around an easyaccess ramp, as well as helping to frame one of the larger athletic entrances in the stadium. With two walls converging at the planter, one remains thin to the eye, while the other takes the form of the planter and appears quite a bit thicker from the ground. This marriage of walls is particularly interesting due to the role the planter plays in not only binding two thinner walls together, but making them appear drastically different.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

05 - 69

The importance of this corner does not come from its complexity, as it is a simple intersection of two pouredin-place concrete walls, but from its perceptual significance. The offset of the intersecting wall towards the center of the tower, as well as its significantly smaller relative height, allows it to appear hidden from many angles, including the view from the aquatic complex’s main seating area. The corner is not seen unless viewed from a certain position because of the front and back parallel walls of the diving tower. The corner forces a technical problem because of the concrete’s reinforcing bars; a connecting rebar must be used in the “T” intersections.

05 - 71

The Interdisciplinary Science and Technology building is very interesting architecturally. The exterior walls are almost half brick half concrete mixing two completely different styles into one. The use of concrete on the exterior of the upper level as frames enhanced the aesthetics of the building and helped it stand out. On the south west corner of ISTB 5, there is a small narrow garden that goes along the whole corner. It is lifted off the ground and it holds the columns that support the second level. Usually every corner is sealed and closed from top to bottom, but this one is a floating in the air, which made it a lot more interesting than every other one around it.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

and eresting alls rete nt styles on the rames e building e south s a small g the ground support ry corner to ng in the nteresting .

3”=1’-0”

05 - 72

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

05 - 72

The two corners on the building have many different distances between each other. One of the corners stick out more than the other one. The first corner on the left side has two different materials that combine together to make it a corner. On the left side, it’s a steel cover and on the right side, with the steel framing sticking out of it, it’s made of clouded glass. The second corner on the right is also made out of two different materials. On the left side, it’s still made out of the clouded glass with the steel framing sticking out of it and on the right side it’s made out of concrete.

05 - 75

The Northwest corner of the Urban Systems Engineering building continues the proportion and pattern that covers the North wallâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s facade. The concrete column that hugs the corner is shaped so that the corner is resolved in a 2-D way. Because the vertical corner line is angled inwards, it allows for the continuation of the pattern flow without throwing in any inconsistencies. The roof plays a vital role to defining the corner angle, hanging out over the columns six inches. Although the uninterrupted pattern brings the attention away from changes in the building, the roofâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s sharp, outward jutting angle definitively calls attention to a change in the facadeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s orientation.

05 - 77

Behind the School of Music, where the Art Museum meets a rounded threefoot-tall wall that supposedly deters students from the life-threatening drop on the other side, the building turns a corner in the most peculiar way. As if merely copying the design from the already established â&#x20AC;&#x153;Birthday Cake Buildingâ&#x20AC;? behind it, three identical rows of stuccoed semi-circular windows span each rectangular face of the brick corner walls. The designer seems to have given up halfway through; the windows meeting at the corner are both cut in half and bent at a ninetydegree angle, and the resulting shape is a troublesome, uninspired mess. The sharp turn on a glass window that just begs to be curved is what makes this corner stand out in such a strange and interesting way.

e the es drop s As he e ows

brick to e

yape . that es nge

05 - 84

Corners have a variety of different ways of coming together. In this particular occasion, the corners shown lie on the West exterior of the GW Science and Engineering Center. The particular aspect that drew me to this corner was the way the brick veneer panels meshed with each other. Each panel is unique and are all made in such a way to come together flawlessly. The brick panels also fade into the panel of windows that cover a whole side of the exterior from the ground to the top of the building. The joints separating each panel were emphasized to show the size of several panels that shape the corner.

05 - 85

I found it very interesting that in spite of Neeb Hallâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rather bland and unimpressive appearance. The corners of this building are actually very beautifully crafted. The exterior facade of the building covers what would be a concrete building in a set of grooved vertical lines that resemble the fluting made on the ionic columns of the romans, and much like the temple of Athena this building has very carefully crafted corners that point in 45 degree angle where the two walls collide.

05 - 86

The entrance of the building has two corners that make up the building. I choose the one on the left because it shows more detail of the layers that the building holds. There is four floors in the building and each line represents a floor. The outside of the building looks like concrete, however, it is not as this was the wall I had previously studied and concluded there was steel on the inside of the wall and drywall.

05-87

05 - 87

One exterior corner at the Art Warehouse specifically stands out more than the others. There appears to be an added closet structure attached to the left side (of the picture) of the exterior wall lined parallel to the corner. In this situation, I would consider the extended closet as a the corner of the building due to the fact that it is part of the building and not a stand alone.

04 - 94 05 - 94

The corner is the corner formed by the intersection of the two walls. The corner that I selected is the Whiteman Tennis Center. And there is a door right next to the corner. The net grid of the fence is perfectly fits in the field like this. Also I think it is kind easy and nice to put some sort of poster on this corner. Cause the entrance is right next to this corner, so everyone will see it.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

05 - 96

The Sun Angel Stadium has corners where the stadium seating meets the door opening and ramp, and then where the seating meets an elevated walkway. This corner of the stadium is significant because it reveals that proportion is favored over materials. The proportions have to correspond throughout the stadium so that it can function as it is suppose to; as both seating, and stairs that are used to get from the top to the bottom of the stadium.

05 - 98

This corner is where two perpendicular curtain walls with mullions of different spacing come together at an obscured edge. In other words, the walls themselves don’t form a visual connection, but are instead somehow joined together to a vertical metal beam. The spacing of the vertical mullions closest to the corner are shorter, softening the corner’s edge and readying observers’ eyes for the turn. Coupled with the unobstructed horizontal presence of the exposed concrete floor, the sides appear to flow into each other instead of just stopping. Thus, this corner allows for the walls to merge gracefully without being distracting.

RODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION 05 - 108 05 - 108

How to approach the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;cornerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; of such an irregular angular facade is a daunting task. While the facade appears to be made of panels each with its own unique design, there are only 3 distinct panel patterns. Two of which are shown here. This reduces the complexity of both the design and construction of the panels. Instead of attempting to align the different angles, elevations, and corners of adjacent panels, the extruded elements of each individual panel all return to a consistent depth at the margin- a net zero so to speak. This allows for a cohesive transition between panels as well as around the corners of the building.

05 - 135

This corner is located on the northeast side of the Computing Commons building. The corner is two dimensional because there is no extrusion coming outward at the edge. This corner is a supporting pillar of the building, because the width and length of the pillar are equal. Each side of the corner has an arch, inside one of the arches there is the wall that creates one side of the building to be set in. The entire corner has created a roofed area to cover students as they walk into classrooms.

01 - 136

05 - 136

Corners are points of interest where careful planning must be considered in order to join two walls seamlessly. In the case of the Sonora Annex, two main walls zigzag towards each other, which in turn create two extremities that are used to bring in light into the building.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

05 - 138

Upon continuous examination of the Sonora Center’s corners, I was most fascinated by the corner appearance of these connecting walls. At its base, this concave corner is being met by two concrete columns. The right side of the wall is favored because the left column has a shorter width once they are joined. It draws attention because the columns only reach the third-floor balcony; however, it is then immediately followed by a pair of thin, metal columns that sit on top of the concrete ones and they continue all the way to the roof. What further makes this corner interesting is its distinction from the other surrounding columns and how, leading to the corner, they don’t match on either side. Due to the gap openings on some floor levels, you get the sense that the support of this complex is coming from inside the structure. This reveals that the building’s exterior columns are a facade and more of an enhancing piece for the building’s appearance.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

05 - 139

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

05 - 139

This corner is very two dimensional in nature when the onlooker is facing the south entrance of the building. A panel extends from the wall to hang from the side of the building about four feet and that thickness does not carry to the next wall around the corner. Tuning the corner, the onlooker is more enclosed as the roof extends across the top of that wall to the other end of the building. I chose to draw this corner from a wormâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s eye view because I wanted to express the feeling of enclosure from the out hanging wall and the detail of the roof and wall material.

- 140 05 05 - 140

The corner I chose at Farrington Softball Stadium is the main entrance into the stadium. I chose this corner because it provided the most detail in all corners of the stadium. I also chose this because everyone will enter into the stadium at this corner. I wanted to capture the 4 main columns of the entrance as well as the balcony that shows that there is a second floor in the stadium. The columns are supporting the balcony on the second level as well as the solar panels located on the top part of the stadium. The solar panels , in this case, is the â&#x20AC;&#x153;roofâ&#x20AC;? of the stadium.

05 - 153

The ASU Soccer Stadium shows how structure and function work together. The stadium has massive steal beams holding up hundreds of seats. The form very much follows function in this building. This causes some instances where structure and function collide. Many of the corners are shared with large protruding steel beams and metal tabs tying the building and structure together. Unavoidable you have to notice and walk around the structure. As you turn each corner your attention is caught by the raw material and how it was constructed.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

05 - 154

This corner is composed of a column, two very tall windows, and brick facade walls. The column has a stone face that encases concrete and a steal beam which extends all the way up to the top of the 4 story building. The column is unique because it is inverted on every corner, there is no favored edges; they are equal. Along the first floor are skinny, tall windows which are encased in a metal frame. These windows are located on either side of the column, seemingly connected with the column directly. On the other side of the window is a brick wall. The brick is a facade as the wall itself is constructed of wood framing and insulation. This pattern of window and brick continues along the edge of the building until you hit another column which is constructed exactly the same as this one.

05 - 006A

Dating back to around 7000 BC, being the oldest known building material, brick skyrocketed as one of the most popular materials since the mideighteenth century. Being built in 1956, the exterior facade is brick veneer with a one inch air space, while the interior is finished in sheathing and wall framing. The outermost corner of the Northwest side of Engineering Center A has a running bond pattern, which is one of the most common building patterns when it comes to brick walls, because itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s effortless to pull together. Choosing a brick corner helped me visualize how patterns, in this case a running bond, works, because I have a difficult time understanding brick patterns.

eing , ost

1956,

e d wall he nter ch g alls, her. e ea ave

05 - 053A

This corner is located on the east side on the east side of the Physical Sciences B-Wing. I was drawn in to this corner because the materials it was composed of. On the right side of the corner, the material transitions from a stone veneer, to a metal door, and then to a plaster coating inside the building. There is a juxtaposition between the large dark colored stones to the white flat interior of the building. The corner extends out from the building with the door being placed inset the wall, making the space feel connected, however, there is a separation between the inside and outside.

05 - 057B

A corner is a part of a structure where 2 or more walls come to a point, or change direction. This corner is one in which the railing of the staircase changes direction as it meets the landing. The railing is a steel frame with a glass cladding and is primarily used to ensure people do not fall of the staircase while they are on it.

05 - 104A

Ideas will cross at some point in time. Two walls at the top of the Fulton Garage defy this law. These walls come close to each other, but never touch, creating a space for a metal piece to slip in between and anchor itself onto the side. The plate supports a large beam which in turn supports a spanning system of solar panels on steal beams. A gap in intersecting ideas creates potential for energy.

05 - RP01

An immense arch located at both main entrances of the Brickyard on Mill shows an emphasis on the structural support of the building. Nonetheless, the different concrete details the corner present are quite interesting. Decorations like this allow the building to portray a classy look on it. The combination between brick and concrete deliver a satisfactory grade of contrast. Furthermore, the vertical curved structure supports the weight above it, which makes this an essential design detail when the building was being constructed. Moreover, the grid from the brick does not align the direction of a concrete lamp; making it unpleasant for many. The drawing also displays more than one corner, which are how the arch translates to a wall, and how the wall translates to a window.

05 - RP02

This corner is the joining of two walls in the stairwell. Three main elements are joined in this corner, the handrail, the vertical steel column, and the exterior grid veneer. The proximity of these layers to the person demonstrates the intentionality of the corner. The handrail has the greatest interaction with the individual on the interior corner. On the exterior, the corner joint of the two grids works to mask the different axes of the three elements. Because there are a variety of material thicknesses meeting in this corner there is not a symmetrical vertical line from floor to ceiling. Additionally as the wall extends out from the corner, the intention to filter in light to an otherwise relatively dark parking structure is revealed.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

05 - RP03

The corner that shows up at Parking Lot 45 Solar is one that gives dimension to the column that it is a part of. The corner adds a sense of proportion when one is looking at it from whichever angle. The significance of it is that it also adds a sense of perception because otherwise the structure may look flat and unappealing. So with a corner it gives one a reason to do a double take because it may catch ones eye. Corners are important in every structure because it alludes to the thought that there may be something different around the corner or that in may have an experience when turning that corner. This particular area was chosen because it gave the most detail of the column itself.

05 - X80 05 - X80

06 How Does a Building Meet the Ground?

When students attend a class in Gammage, they must walk up a small flight of stone steps. On the right side of this small staircase is a wall and a planter. This is how the Grady Gammage Auditorium touches the ground. Since the main building sits at the top of the staircase, it does not meet the ground until coming out to the bottom of the staircase by the curb. While the wall only goes down to meet the staircase, the planter attached to the right of this wall meets the gravel on the ground and extends back to a different wall which goes underground to define the space of a loading dock.

06 - 01

Most of the exterior of Interdisciplinary A is brick, routinely interrupted by thick concrete columns. Before the building meets the ground, the brick exterior transitions into a concrete foundation. There are several slabs of concrete just around the exterior of the building that provide seating for students, providing a contrast between the buildings heavy footing and a slab of concrete.

06 - 02

Interdisciplinary B has hefty concrete pillars that reach from the ground up to the roofâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ceiling. These pillars are placed among the edge of an elevated terrace wall composed of brick and concrete. Each pillar is separated at approximately nineteen feet each, and maintain most of the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s outer structure with the ground. The elevated terrace wall contains concrete slab below its brick veneer, ranging as low as one foot and five inches into the earth. Similarly, the pillars also reach deep down, met by wide footings below the grounds surface. Truly the pillars focus the ground and building together.

06 - 03

The entrance walkway has a incline down towards the building produced by angled concrete slabs laid on the ground. The grade gets steeper to either side of the center line, most likely to guide water to grated drains near side doors. Along the stairway is a stucco wall enclosing a bed of large river rocks, a palm tree, and several cacti. The entrance area does not appear to go very deep into the ground. Likely, some areas have been artificially raised to help meet the grade of the concrete slabs. Footing extend from the corner of the building below the door and below the stairs.

06 - 04

The front of the Social Sciences building has a sloped concrete walkway that leads to the entrance where the concrete becomes less sloped and continues to the interior. The exterior has a space that acts as a large planter, wrapping around both sides of the building. Concrete columns support the structure with steel reinforcements that connect to underground footings. All parts of this building are elevated from the ground that surrounds it, showing that it is a building of importance.

06 - 05

The ground area I chose is located in the entryway of Wrigley Hall (2006). The entryway transports you into a world of sustainability, away from the rugged ASU. The shallow, concrete stairs make the ascending process enjoyable, allowing for minimal work getting into the new and exciting world. A structural concrete column occupies the stairs, digging into the ground to allow the building to be firmly in place.

06 - 07

The brick building sits on top of a concrete slab that is raised four inches from the street level and becomes a step up into the church. The Danforth Chapel is a small two-story building, so it does not require footings. Underneath the bearing walls, which support the building, the concrete slab thickens to support the wall and transfer its weight into the ground. The ground does not stay level all the way around the building, so there is more of the concrete slab exposed in some areas than others. The least amount exposed is four inches.

06 - 08

People often overlook how buildings sit on the ground. It is remarkably important to understand why each building meets the ground the way it does. From the exterior, three feet and a half of concrete meets at the ground level without any extra details added. whatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s interesting in this case, this building descend beneath the ground forming usable space. The use of the underground space requires Egress windows, as shown with the dotted lines, providing a mean of exiting and allowing more light to come through despite the fact that the window is mostly below the ground.

- 09 0606 - 09

Hayden Library is primarily underground so observing how it meets the ground was quite easy. There are at least 20 columns that surround the entry to the building which emphasizes that they are supporting the ground above. Similar ones are also found within the library. My drawing shows the columns supporting the ground above with the guardrail and walkway. The back half of the drawing shows a small study room concealed behind the columns and glass. Lastly, footings are shown sitting below the concrete slab of the lower level.

06 - 10

The University Club building uses footings to support its structure and uses concrete masonry units to establish itself above the ground. This building has a crawl space underneath which is not common among the other buildings on campus and therefore requires the use stairs in order to enter. The building separates itself from the ground and only meets with the earth where it is necessary for the building to support itself. This separation between the earth and the plane of the first floor is a symbolic separation between the ignorance around us and the knowledge of higher learning.

06 - 11

When it comes to the nature of how the building meets the ground, footings and foundations are generally the same. Under ground, buildings are universally pedestrian and ordinary. While above ground, individuality and uniqueness occur. At the Durham Language and Literature Building, the ground meets the building in an expected manner. What makes this part of the building stand out is how the planter in the middle is connected to the exterior wall, which makes you question whether there is anything underground connecting them together for structural support. The exterior wall cuts in from the columns and planter, making it look very peculiar.

w tings

e y. and

n s w ted ou

ether wall er,

06 - 12

The interaction between ground and structure can provoke a sense of curiosity about the world. How does a building meet the ground and why does it occur this way? All of the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s greatest landmarks, monuments, and buildings interact with the ground in some way, therefore it is important to ask this question. This example of structure and ground interaction, seen at the ASU Psychology Building, depicts a sloping ground. In order to combat this irregularity, rather than mating the building with the ground, the building continues on in a straight line. Beneath this lies an exposed concrete slab, which follows the sloping of the ground.

06 - 13

This section of ground at the Cowden Family Resources Building uses illusion to create a visual datum line above the ground. A horizontal decorate trim is elevated eight inches above the ground that also serves as a base for decorative columns that frame the thin windows of the building. The ground itself is surfaced with monotonous gravel and tall pine trees. The interior ground is at the same elevation with the exterior trim. There are no structural columns that provide their own footings so there is one continuous footing underneath the exterior walls. The use of illusion is what sets this section apart from the ground of the previous building.

ODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

06 - 16

This is the Center for Family Studies building that was originally build as a dorm years ago. The building is fully concrete, which is demonstrated by the concrete slab foundation under the main structure. This is followed with a layer of asphalt above and then by a layer of concrete sidewalk. The ground has a unique relationship with the building because it is at every level from underneath the slab to the very top, leveling with the building. You see the ground rise up each level like stairs and even slope. Each component of the building relies on the ground differently, depending on its purpose.

06 - 17

In relation to the floor, Murdock Lecture Hall sits on top of a large foundation of concrete. Within this foundation it has different types of elevation. Different parts of the larger brick building meets the floor in different elevations; such as, a main floor and a lower level. The lower level drops down a few feet to show the types of spaces it makes.

06 - 21

This buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s objective structural components mainly rely on large onefoot diameter steel square columns, spaced evenly between a decorative brick infill. Below that the building sits on a plinth slab level enough to impress Mies Van Der Rohe, yet minimalist enough not to intrude on the overall composition unlike a Frank Gehry Museum. In addition, the presence of this buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s connection to the ground almost mimics the Greek architectural style of an elevated sacred space because of the clear topographic change from what looks like a single step on the structureâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s exterior foundation.

06-25

06 - 25

The Lyceum Theater is located on a busy intersection of pedestrian walkways. To establish its presence among the pedestrians, the building maintains a theme of “tallness” along its entire exterior. This is achieved by having its walls contain many distinct vertical lines and very faint horizontal lines. These “tall vertical lines” are actually columns that are connected to the foundation; they are needed in the larger section of the building because that is where the roof needs extra support for all the theater equipment. The smaller storage room needs a thicker version of the lobby’s foundation to maintain the load of the incoming supplies from trucks.

06 - 06 27 - 27

This ramp is in fact, below ground level. Its sinks into the ground as the entryway to the lower floor of Old Main. The pathway is slightly curved as well. This is one of the only 2 ramps entering the building. The other is identical and enters the other side of the lower floor.

06 - 32

The Matthews Center has a brick facade and a poured concrete basement that provides more space for offices. The building has foundation walls and footings that keep it from shifting over time. When the building meets the ground at a concrete sidewalk, the control joints line up with the building. The wormâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s eye oblique projection allows the footings and the buildings connection with the ground to be the main focus while still showing the details of the section.

06 - 34

When you go to the Mu from north side. The ground is just come into your eyes. This ground is not only the floor, but also the ceiling of the basement. So it has to be very solid, which means the ground also structured the buildÂ ing. At the same time, this floor brick separates the walking area and resting area. It can effectively notice people that you are in the walking area instead of disordered room using.

06 - 35

This area of the building is the main entrance of the Physical Education building, located by Orange st. The way the building meets the ground is unique because the pillars that hold the building also are used to decorate the entrance of building by giving it a greater presence of an entrance. Other than the entrance is very defined the foundations should be big in order to support the weight of the overall structure and the entrance structure. The materials for this area of the building are glass, metal, concrete and steel, very basic materials so not complex to make, but gives a great experience.

06 - 36

In order to have a stable building, there must always be some sort of foundation. In the Moeur Building, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s foundation was a peculiar one. Upon reaching the front of the building, there are small gutter-like openings that span every six feet. I noticed cats going up to the gutters and then completely disappearing. Getting closer to the gutters, there were little entrances for the cats that showed a void beneath the building. Inside the building were torn up floor boards exposing parts of a crawl space. Knowing the building was completely made out of adobe brick and that there was a basement, it seemed necessary to have a crawl space for reinforcement.

06 - 37 06 - 37

The way the building meets the ground influences on how well supported and stable the actual building is. The ground is covered by multiple pebbles and transitions to a narrow square platform, made out of concrete in order to catch the water and direct it off into the pebbles instead of directing it to the sidewalk. The platform is connected to the base of the building, which is made out of concrete as well, and transitions to a wall full of bricks for the rest of it.

06 - 06 39 - 39

The initial access point into the seating of Sun Angel Stadium is via a concrete ramp that emerges from the South side of the stadium. It is the shape of a partial circle and wedge merged together resulting in an inclined concrete and rebar ramp that leads towards the stadium stairs. This ramp is what brings the stadium seating to the ground, and the ground to the stadium seating.

06 - 40

To have an even surface, a foundation has to be built on flat if not almost flat ground, if the ground is uneven then the foundation must be laid out to be level with the ground. The part of Hayden Hall that is projected is built on solid flat ground. The whole dormitory is surrounded by flat ground, which is most efficient since the housing is for students. Every part where the building touches the ground is flat, therefore the projection is drawn on a flat surface.

06 - 41

The way the ground approaches the Piper Writerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s House is quite intriguing. The ground has an uneven area of rocks in between the house and the sidewalk. The area with rocks and part of the trim of the house come to an end where a very thoughtfully placed slab of concrete is located which connects to the home. At the edge of where the house and rocks meet, we are also able to see that the concrete extends down presumably a few inches to give the home a stable foundation.

06 - 42 06 - 42

The ground plane facing the north elevation of Discovery Hall comes to a junction as it meets the entrance to the building. It ascends through a series of steps leading to the main entrance doors, and conversely descends below on the east side of the elevation. The building, so proudly holding up the names of great scientists and philosophers sits on this elevated step, holding itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s arms out as if it were the great Sphinx. It humbles itself, however, and reveals itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s true depth on the descending east side. Once again recognizing its own name through its very form.

06-44

06 - 44

The area portrayed is the east side of the Student Services building. Above what seems to be the roof, is actually a terrace overlooking open grass area. Along the entire building, there are cylinder columns with about a 1.5â&#x20AC;&#x2122; to 2â&#x20AC;&#x2122; radius each used to support the structure as a whole, especially the roof terrace. The concrete columns go beneath the ground a few feet as support with footing on each individual post. In addition, there is a basement floor beneath the ground level leaving the columns to go down further as additional support. Seeing as it is a large building, the support system is necessary, especially interior columns as well.

06 - 45

Foundation is the element of structure which connects it to the ground. The design and the construction of the foundation is done such that it can sustain as well as impose loads to the structure. The Footings are designed to have adequate load capacity depending on the soil and structure. In this particular structure the side of the building is held up by a smaller separate building under and as well as columns. As shown on the drawing the footing is shown under the soil which helps sustain the structure.

06-4 06 - 46

How the building touches the ground in this part of the Noble Library is quite interesting. The site that was chosen for the study was a porch which connects the second floor of the library to the ground floor. The second floor is situated above this area held up by a column made of CMU and masonry. On th left side of the column is a brick retaining wall and on the opposite, a brick staircase. The oblique drawing of the library is looking towards the East while a section cut was done going from North to South.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

06 - 47

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

The ASU Nelson Fine arts center hits the ground in various ways. The Art Museum is located below ground level, along with other offices near the Galvin Playhouse. This particular imagine captured is an office window attached to the right of the Galvin Playhouse that only allows the viewer inside to nearly see the concrete sidewalk for pedestrians. The Nelson Fine arts center buildings is flush with the ground beneath, with a slight caulk to keeps water and air out of the building. Because there are rooms in a basement level, there has to be a footing to hold the structure up, along with a foundation for the building to sit flush on.

06 - 48

The building edge at West Hall is intriguing due to a basement located underneath the exterior ground level. Arizonaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s infrastructure typically does not include basements due to the shallow local permafrost layer. When observing the front outside edge of the building, one can see an embossed stucco molding. It is important to note that the design changes along the sides of the building, as there are dug-out plaster trenches containing rocks. Lying behind the rocks on the brick veneer faĂ§ade is a window that looks out from the basement. Interestingly, the floor of the basement is exposed concrete, and the walls are white painted textured drywall. When examining the ground level of the basement, there are pools of collected water in the corners of the basement, which may indicate that this 1930s structure was built without waterproof coating, or the old waterproofing has started to dissolve.

06 - 49

Wilson Hall like many of the buildings presented during the lecture is raised up a few inches from the actual ground. The bricks of the wall are connected with the raised concrete slab. While the concrete slab for the sidewalk was a few inches below. Below ground is a footing which would also be made of concrete with a rebar placed in it.

06 - 50

ISTB 4 is built upon a foundation of concrete, which is evident from the basement stairs. The building is surrounded by concrete sidewalks on all sides. The ground surrounding the building was either level prior to the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s construction or has been leveled following the buildings construction. In either case, the present topography immediately around the building is very fl at. The sidewalks are placed in a way that doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t allow the ground to directly touch the structure, giving it a sense of being placed atop a concrete pedestal.

06 - 54

A building usually comes into contact with the ground at the bottom of the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s first level; however, in the Schwada classroom building, the ground meets the building at two different levels and elevations. A retaining wall, holds a great amount of dirt which creates two perceptions of ground level. On one side of the wall, the building seems to have two floors and a possible concrete stem wall peeks from the dirt and on the other side, the concrete slab meets the ground floor of the building, exposing the first floor to viewers. The different connections to the ground hide or illuminate the true nature of the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s placement on the site.

06 - 55

The whole stadium is supported by cement columns. One column that stood out to me is the one supporting the highest seating area in the stadium. It seemed interesting because it is a very tall and thick column. What is also included in that column is pipes. The column is also placed on the A mountain which also helps alternate the height of the column and the height of the seating area and to make the column stand on a sloped mountain, the street helps make the ground straight.

06 - 59

The ERC sits on flat level soil with an eight-inch concrete slab as its base. The slab can be seen as it emerges from above the ground level, supporting the brick veneers of the facade, and steps down again below the soil as the window mullions reach the ground. The curtain wall of irregular glass panels is stabilized by a vertical steel beam in the corner and is fastened to a horizontal steel channel on the ground level which is then bolted into the concrete slab. The building is anchored into the ground by large reinforced concrete columns of different dimensions that reach the height of the building. The columns sink two feet into the earth and have a wider footing for firm standing. The wider columns line the exterior east and west facade walls and sink directly into the soil, the above and below ground line is shown on the column for clarity. The narrow column on the right is hidden inside the wall.

06 - 63

Reckoning back to one of Le Corbusierâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s five points of architecture, pilotis, the front of Coor Hall is elevated on 20â&#x20AC;&#x2122; tall concrete columns. These free-standing columns span the breezeway of Coor at the ground level. Not only are the columns structurally significant, the pilotis is distinctive to the building and how it is perceived. For the common viewer, these columns are typically the first elements of the building that are interacted with. Students and faculty snake between the columns and engage with the foundation of the building unknowingly, making the columns not only essential to the foundation of the building, but also to the social environment surrounding Coor Hall.

06 - 65

Packard Stadium has very few walls that connect to both the upper and lower spaces and those that exist are not particularly complex or interesting. However, this pilotis connects to the seating and ground of the stadium as well as utility pipes. The pillar supports the concrete and bleachers of the area above and is tied further into the structure by a footing below the pavement. The column is one of several similar structural elements throughout the building, only two of which feature the pipes.

06 - 66

Depicted in the drawing is just one of many triangular supports that connect the stadium to the ground. Elevated on a man-made hill that gradually slopes above the surrounding region, the stadium is directly tied to the ground through these odd-looking columns. Typically, these supports have doors or windows accompanying them. The narrow thickness of the supports contrasts well with the large, overhanging roof they help to reinforce. Not only that, but these columns serve to define the structure of the building from the exterior, making a many-sided form similar to a circle.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

06 - 69

Treasury of Atreus demonstrates a unique relationship between a structure and the ground; a sloped topography allows for the excavation of a mountain to form a tomb. Although in a completely different program, this site provides a similarly perceived topographic relationship. The continuous escalation of the seating area forms a sloped ground. A passageway cuts through the sloped ground and leads to an entrance of a room. The entire seating area; therefore, surrounds the room. A perception is made that the sloped ground is the structure, and the carving of the positive space forms a negative space. The lowest ground level is a concrete slab; a three inch thick concrete floor is then used to elevate the seating area.

06 - 71

06 - 7

Creating a building is more than designing a beautiful functional space. It is more than what people see. The unseen is actually what makes that building stand. It is what makes it structurally capable of being the way we see it. It can reveal so many things about the building which most people do not know. In ISTB 5, the building is elevated on the south western corner. It is built on a concrete slab poured on bearing walls to reduce the weight and evens it out so the floor underneath will not collapse as well as the building itself. Few columns exist but they are not structural. On the side of the building, there is a small narrow garden added next to the concrete slab to enhance plantation on the cite.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

e than tional space. e see. The akes that makes it ng the way many things most people e building western crete slab o reduce the o the floor se as well as umns exist . On the side small narrow concrete slab he cite.

3/16” = 1’ - 0”

6 - 72

06 - 72

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

The grounding on the outside of the building is very flat. There are six columns on the outside of it before you get to the building. The ground looks like itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s been set as concrete before they started measuring out where the building would be placed. The way how the building and columns meet the ground is that the holding of the columns and the building is set possibly 6-8 feet underground. The reasoning is because this building is between 5-10 stories high. Therefore, it needs a strong base to hold it and keep it in place.

06 - 75 06 - 75

The U.S.E. Building is only one story high, therefore it sits on a four inch thick concrete slab. Half of the East wing sits atop an additional concrete foundation that is raised up three feet, while the lower half of the wing sits level with the gravel lot. At the lower level, there are workshops and restrooms, while the classrooms are placed along the elevated section of the pathway. The classrooms do not directly touch the natural ground, giving them an elevated presence. People walking up the ramp are switching from spaces meant for physical use, workshops and bathrooms, to spaces that deal with the more fragile workings of the mind. The classroom spaces correspond with the roof section that sits 6 inches above the other roof. Therefore, although the spaces are connected by a gradual upwards angle of the ramp, the corrugated metal roofing and the difference of floor heights emphasize the separation of the spacesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; purposes.

06 - 77 06 - 77

Descending into the canyon created by two curving stucco walls, the road winds downwards at a steep grade until the path is blocked by a raised concrete slab three feet high and painted bright yellow. The slab is raised to meet the brick and stucco walls spanning the deadly two story drop above it, and in turn, the slab runs down after nine feet to meet the harsh pavement below. The loading bay at the back of the School of Music is the deepest spot of the surrounding exterior building, tucked away and covered with warning signs. Thereâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s nothing dignified about how the walls meet the ground here; they simply touch the cracked concrete; itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a functional utilitarian space. The dust, chipped paint, and small piles of forgotten scrap littered along the crevice between wall and ground tell an interesting story of space well used and subsequently disused.

06 - 84 06 - 84

The ground is an interesting area that doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t come first into someoneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mind when thinking of how a building may come together. Upon closer examination, the ground is a connection that secures structures in place. The particular connection shown is one on the south side of the GW Science and Engineering Center. It depicts how brick veneer panels come down to meet concrete pieces which seem to sit on top of bigger concrete slabs. The ground shown here is concrete which burrows deep into the ground to allow access to the basement of the building. Being that there is a basement, it leads one to assume that the giant concrete slabs lead to some sort of spread footing underneath.

06 - 85

I chose to do an inverted axonometric to represent Neeb Hallâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s most undervalued feat; the way in which it connects to the ground. It is interesting because the building conforms to the shape of the landscape, in a similar fashion to that of a roman forum which is very effective at enhancing the quality of sound inside the building. Thus solidifying the program of the Neeb Hall to be a place of presenting and sharing information.

06 - 86

The walls of this building do not go very deep into the land, this can be concluded as there is no basement or lower level then the first floor. The structure is elevated at certain angles as the Earth is not a complete straight surface. The section on the drawing is located at the right side of the building which can be overlooked when seeing the building as a whole. However, it can tell more about the construction of the surface than any other part that meets the ground.

06-87

06 - 87

The Art Warehouse is a one-story building with no basement, so I’m assuming it will have a basic footing and connection with the ground. A sidewalk and is mainly touching the building and the rest is dirt and loose gravel. In the picture to the right, it is a section cut of the North wall which makes a connection with the dirt and gravel. It seems even with the ground and has no slope. It isn’t a big building and the frost line in Phoenix, AZ is small, so there wouldn’t be huge footings.

06 - 94

The ground refers to the pavement of the interior and surrounding of the building. The ground inside the building allows people to walk and place things, while the outer ground can also grow some green plants to help clean the air. At Whiteman Tennis Center, I chose a piece of ground outside. This ground is not a hard concrete floor, but a lawn and this lawn ground is around the training ground of the tennis court. I think this may be because Tempeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s outdoor temperature is too high, and the athletes feel very hot when they are training outdoors. The surrounding lawn can make the athlete feel some cool. They can also lie on the lawn ground to ease the tiredness of training if they wish.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

06 - 96

06 -06-98 98

This section of ISTB1 meets the ground in a way that is not unlike most buildings: the ground comes up to and stops at the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s exterior wall. However, an excess of gravel on the groundâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s surface does seem to be pushed up against the far side of the wall. A plinth does not protrude from the structure and therefore does not seem to deny the ground. Instead, the reinforced concrete wall of the building runs straight down transferring the weight of the superstructure onto the underground pile cap and then below to the piles buried deep beneath the earth.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK ST

06 - 108

Here, the façade appears to be ‘floating’ around the building housed within. This is established by a series of steel beams that connect the detached façade to the building core. This channels the weight of the façade through to the hidden columns and down to the foundation system. The building itself sits upon a platform in which creates a uniform surface for it to sit on. The slight elevation change that exists on the sight is compensated for by sloped landscaping.

06 - 135

This building meets the ground on the southeast side of the Commons building. I chose this part of the building because of how the foundation is exposed due to a ramp that goes to a lower level door. The footing also creates the space of the ramp. The foundation extends past the wall, and meets the end of the curtain wall window. The exposed concrete can also be used as a bench.

06 - 136

What is above ground is not the whole story of a building, many times depending on the weight and forces being applied to the structure, footings such as the ones shown here - bellow the main entrance of the Sonora Annex - are used to sustain both the dead and live load of the building. The size and length of footings are also determined by frost line levels, for example many houses in Arizona simply use flat concrete slabs as their foundation compared to much colder states whose foundations must go several feet into the ground therefor requiring long footings which therefore make them viable for basements.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

06 - 138

From the back of the Sonora Complex you get a better understanding of how the structure connects to the ground. Due to the uneven landscape surrounding the exterior, you can see portions of what is below the building. The complex sits on a slab of concrete foundation with concrete footings, the footings are placed further into the ground than the slab. Since there is constantly warm climate in this part of Arizona, the footings arenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t placed very deep in the ground because there is no great worry of them freezing. Brick trim then connects the foundation to the exterior walls and then continues up the five-story structure. When viewing the corner by the egress door, the concrete floor over the foundation slopes up and levels to a new height which fills the complexâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s interior perimeter walkways. As was mentioned before, it is fascinating that just from walking the perimeter and looking at this exterior corner, you can perceive how the different levels of concrete connect this building to the ground.

06 - 139

This building is supported by piles in the ground that connect from the foundation to the roof of the building. Part of the second floor overhangs from the first and is supported by the majority of the rest of the building as it is anchored into the ground by these piles at each corner. The piles are structured by reinforced concrete and the building sits on a large concrete slab that can be seen just below the layer of brick that makes up the lower level wall and connects to the landscaping.

06 - 140

The ground that I drew at Farrington Softball stadium is where the building itself, along with the bleachers, begins. I chose this portion of the ground to draw because it is what makes the stadium separate from the field itself. The stadium is therefore higher than the field and I believe this is so that the fans can get a better view of the players on the field and gives the softball players a separation between where they play and where the fans sit to watch. The shaded part of my drawing is the dug out box where the players sit while they are off. Above that is the bleachers, where the fans sit to watch the game.

06 - 153

At the ASU Soccer Stadium the structure is readily visible. Steel members are holding up hundreds of seats and thousands of pounds of concrete. The steel members are placed level an inch above the foundation then dry packed in place. They are also held with J bolts that extend deep into the foundation. These footers are much larger than the footprint of the steel members allowing the weight to be distributed over a larger surface area which is called a spread footing. Below the stadium are locker rooms and public facilities these are built with concrete masonry units. The CMUâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s are sitting on the same spread footing as the steel members.

06 - 154

This building is constructed with steel beams and concrete columns that continue from the footings all the way up the four story building. The steel beams continue into the ground below the frost line and connect to wide “T” shaped footings. However, due to the slanting landscape, the building is raised onto a platform. The platform is constructed with concrete and aggregate walls that are filled with dirt, gravel, and plants. The footing of the platform walls are backwards “L” shapes to counteract the dirt putting pressure on the wall by also having the dirt put pressure on the bottom of the “L” shape. This together creates a stage that the building is celebrated upon.

06 - 006A

There are two types of footings; isolated pad foundations and strip foundations. Engineering Center A has isolated pad foundations; also called shallow footings or spread footings. Spread footings are not to be spaced more than eight feet apart. Each footing in the Engineering Center is spaced four feet on center and four feet high with rebar running through. Shallow footings are placed directly underneath the foundation on the outermost edge of the building and are used for support when it comes to large loads. There is precast concrete two feet in height placed on top of the foundation merely for appearance, then, brick is layered, running bond style, on top.

06 - 053A

This section where Bateman Physical Sciences B-wing meets the ground is located on the east side. Most buildings meet at ground level, however this building brings the ground up by 2 feet. The wall continues out 7 feet to surround the ground inside of it. The inside of this wall consists of soil, gravel, and trees. In the topographic sense, this building shapes the ground around it to become part of the building.

06 - 057B

Every structure in existence needs some type of foundation where the structure meets the ground. In this case the structure uses concrete for the foundation and this particular section also illustrates the exterior drainage system of the structure. Additionally a steel beam is used above the concrete footing to provide extra support for the rest of the building.

06 - 104A

The parking garage meets the ground on the East face at a flat face. The pillars line directly up with the ground, creating almost a cut into the building. The ground collapses next to the face, almost as if to create a boundary, telling us there is a separation between ground and used space. This face of the building gives a definition to the ground, which in turn, gives a definition to its structure.

06 - RP01

The Brickyard on Mill, apart from being a strong structural-based building, it comes with a very fascinating foundation. The way this building is connected to the ground is through the underground parking. The underground parking is designed to hold two parking levels and 7-story building; with the help of columns the building has within. A set of columns separated evenly in the underground area, along with a series of horizontal beams allow all the weight to fall on them with ease. Although, all the credit canâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t be given to the underground parking. An immense arch that serves as the main entrance of the building plays an important role on the weight of the building as well.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

06 - RP02

Apart from the sidewalk entrances and driveways into the building, the exterior walls all meet the ground directly into the landscape. The climbing vines cling to the lattice exterior and then grow directly into the ground. This creates the illusion that the building is tied to the ground through vegetation. The footing and foundation extends below grade and thus is unseen. This technique is in harmony with the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s design to mask the large sections of concrete with greenery. As the landscape travels up from ground to wall, the edge between the building and the topography it is situated on is softened.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

06 - RP03

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

The ground that is at the 45 Solar Parking Lot is an asphalt laid ground all over the space. The columns that are over top of the asphalt are just placed on them, but in some areas the columns were put farther into the ground and asphalt was filled in around the column. This gives the structure support because when it is so far into the ground, gives it an extra level of support. This particular area was chosen to be represented because it is one that showed the detail of how the asphalt was filled in around the column after it was placed into the ground. Which gives one a better idea of how the ground is laid out all over the area.

06 - X80

Index

1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 16 17 21 25 27 32 34 35 36 37

Sobelman Hidalgo Miramontes Medrano Grenda Duble Stueve Montgomery Momika Stein Mackey Clouse Shott Ben-Shalom Saltwater Santana Glass Duarte Smith Cole Xu Estrada Sanchez Hollock

39 40 41 42 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 54 55 59 63 65 66 69 71 72 75 77

Palma He Villegas Ruiz Al-Thaher Salazar Cabrera Pugat Burdge Hickey Marentes Kalas-Hernandez Caldera Ben Abdelkader Vogliotti Ho Mckay Jones Cruz Hernandez Alaaeddine Frazier Marshall

84 85 86 87 94 96 98 108 135 136 138 139 140 153 154 006A 053A 057B 104A RP01 RP02 RP03 X80

Oneill Garibay Lopez-Rodriguez Kattan Dalgai Li Wilson Odwyer Bascom Levato Berber-Arias Becerra Van Horn Censorio Beazer Pearson Mcgrath Corell Head Rosenberger Gonzalez Torgerson Palmer