Volume 22 - Issue 1

~wourna Volume 22 Number 1

September 8, 1989

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TheNewJ.o. . .u....,..r_n~a. .l__se.._p_te"m_~--e_/8...,~_~8-~ About This Issue

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NewsJournal

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Between the VInes

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Local Hero ... College Volunteers . . . Getting into Print

Classroom Talk A student leaves Yale to learn how to learn. Studying in an Israeli yeshiva, he thinlcs about how to bring together academic refkction and reaL-world experience.

By Matt Fleischer ¡

Features

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Whose Right?

In the wake of the Supreme Court's Webster decisicn, Connecticut legislators argue over the state's nght to promote family values versus individuals' right to privacy. The upshot: new restrictions on abortion. By Ellen Katz

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Philosophical Differences As faculty jump ship, Yale's philosophy department is struggling to overcome itr reputaticn for infighting, and downplaying old ideological rifts. By David Greenberg

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Afterthought

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The Big Vote

This Tuesday, September 12, New Haven citizens-including 3,000 newry registered voters- will choose a new mayor. One candidate promises racial and ethnic inclusicn, while the other says he will overhaul the ci9J's bureaucracy. By Ruth Conniff

Leading the Way Nina Glickson, A YA Associate Director of Programs, looks back 20 years to the days when women were a new phenomenon at Yale, and it was a struggle just to find a bathroom. By Nina Glickson

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About This Issue

Our publisher, David, breaks the concentrated silence at a headline-writing session. "Did you ever think about squishing 12 pancakes into a little square and eating it?"

Yes, we've made it to production weekend.

After a summer of serious discussions, phone calls, faxes, and the last edit, the magazine is fmally taking shape. The radio is playing, people are laying down copy, and Lisa is showing new arrivals the ropes. Columns of dense type are making way to finished designs.

Ethan scatters photo snapshots across the Between The Vines page. "It's like a journal entry with pictures in it," he says, "You know?"

This issue is a mixture of political reporting, essays, and profiles of local figures. We cover subjects which affect both Yale and New Haven. The New Journal is published six times annually and is an independent, student-run magazine. We invite interested writers, designers, photographers and ad-sales reps to our September 12 organizational meeting in Calhoun College at 8 pm.

NewsJoumal

Local Hero "I want to go swimming," said Xin Wei R o n g, thinking about his upcoming vacation at the beach.

Seated on the porch of his host's home in Orange, Connecticut, this smallframed man appears less like a revolutionary hero than an ordinary college student. Only two months ago, however, X in served as one of the leaders of the Chinese student democracy movement. But since his escape from Beijing, he has left it to his more vocal co1nrades, now scattered around the globe, to publicize their cause. As a Special Student at Yale this fall, Xin is eager 10 learn about the "Western culture" and hopes that through his ~t uclies he will be better able to help

China in its future.

In 1987, Xin was studying nuclear physics at Lan Zhou University, 1000 kilometers outside of Beijing. Although a top student throughout his academic career, Xin felt trapped. H e was deeply dissatisfied with the government, which he said failed to reward its people for their work. ''When we finish our school, we can't find a job.

[The government] treat us badly and people always workmg, always working, but we can't get anything." In reaction, Xin founded an underground student organization to discuss China's social problems and its future.

When pro-democracy student demonstrations erupted in China this spring, Xin quit school with only two months left until graduation and tnwcled to his native Xi'an, 500 kilometers from Beijing, to participate in the student rallies. ·In order to conceal his true identity, he adopted an alias. Xin Ku, which means, literally, "-;uffering" and "bitter." fn Xi'an, the students' dedication to th(·ir cause so deeply inspired Xin that

Three months after his escape from Tiananmen Square, Xin Wei Rong can now relax. ;;;

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6 The New Journai/Seplember 8, 1989

he followed the movement to Beijing where he took charge of the Security' and Intelligence Unit. Xin's job required him to keep order and spread information in Tiananmen Square.

When the police secretly arrested three workers' leaders. Xin helped get 1hem out of jail. "Fifteen minutes Iafter] they had been arrested, I got information and (publicized] it," he said. "I organized some groups of students to march to the department of the pol ice [and j ask for my friends.

After 24 hours (of] struggle, we won."

But the students' success did not last long. As the government's forces turned violent, Xin narrowly escaped from Tiananmen Square. "They murdered my friends. We organized the students, came out ofTiananmen Square, and,fwent] to Beijing University. In this situation, we all should have been put into prison. We organized many groups of students to go on fighting, and after that because we (had] lost the connection with our financial department we [encountered] many diffic ulties . . . Things got worse . . . so we ch a nged to underground . . . Many people saved us." Xin went into hiding; every 12 or 24 hours he would c hange his location with the help of supporters in Beijing. "All of the country, all of the people, old or young, they all support us because we are right. We demand the thin gs they want." In mid-June, Xin and a core group of student leaders escaped to Paris where they stayed for one month, holding frequent meetings. Xin remains secretive about his escape in m·cler to protect those who were involved and those who may need to follow his route.

On June 24, Xin and a group of other student leaders arrived in Chicago to attend a Chinese-American student conference. Several umversttTes, including Brandeis and MIT, recruited Xin, a straight-A student, but he chose to apply to Yale.

This term, Xin will take an intensive language training course and a course in quantum mechanics, while living at the Silliman Master's house.

Xin has turned towards academics as a means to furtl1er his cause. He hopes that through personal diligence, not fame , he can attain his political goal s.

After

completing his bachelors degree, he plans to study law . "We need the help-just like laws to protect people ... the human being's rights," Xin said. "They can arrest you . . . without any crime because you have said something not satisfied by the government. They can arrest you and even cut ofT your whole life."

I n the United States, Xin is trying hard to reconcile his sense of public responsibility with his private life. "I am peaceful. I like making friends. I'm not active in police things, but this movement is about human rights-the basic human rights even to be alive, so we must fight." Xin attends numerous pro-democracy meetings and hopes to set up some connection with his friends back home, but he has also eased into a more private and secure existence away from all the media attention.

While Xin is excited to learn about American culture by living and studying with students at Yale, he emphasizes the importance of retaining his own cultural identity: " I think it is not worthy to throw [away] your past to get anc;>ther past. I think the better way is you keep your past . . . then you can learn from each other." To prove his point, Xin quotes a Chinese idiom: "Han Tung Xie Pu- Imitating the Han Tung people in walking." He opens his book of Chinese idioms and reads, in a voice made hoarse by gas bombs: "A young man . . . hearing that people in Han Tung . . . walked most gracefully, crossed the mountains and rivers to get there to learn their walk. He walked behind the Han Tung people acting the ape . . . but instead of being successful even forgot how he had walked before. Subsequently, on his journey back, he could only crawl all the way. Used to describe a person who in imitating others loses his own originality."

When contemplating his future, Xin is pragmatic. "The most important thing is to work, to learn from each other," he said. "I hope when I'm !luccessful in America, then I can be Jofl more help to my country. I wish I could go back quickly, but I don't believe [I will be able to] so quickly."

•-Andrea Assarat

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Ben Doolittle hopes his group will circumvent the bureaucracy of other campus organizations.

College Volunteers Perhaps the most striking aspect of the n"w organization called College Volunteers is its simplicity. "An ape coulda thought of it," said Ben Doolittle (ES '91), a founder of the ){roup. "The residential college volunteer groups are incredibly active orl{anizations without the annoying formal bureaucracy," he said. Doolittle and Don Chen QE '89) founded College Volunteers last year as a network of community service goups in the residential colleges. Each group consists of leaders at one of the colleges and a core of students who sign up for various short- and long-term volunteer jobs in New Haven.

College Volunteers does not dt·mand the same substantial time rommitments required by Dwight Hall prol{l"ams such as the Yale Hunger Action Project. "'College Volunteers t•nables people to make commitments at their own pace, without committing to larger projects which may sometimes be overwhelming," explained

Chris Roberts (SY '91), who leads a '{roup at Saybrook. Lisa Nelson (DC '9 l ), who runs the Davenport group, believes that this organization makes the problems faced by the people of New Haven more tangible. "You get the feeling that you're doing something direct. as opposed to other community service projects, where you're just sitting at a table with other Yalies signing people up for something," she said.

In addition to its simplicity and its focus on hands-on experience, College Volunteers has the advantage of a nonpartisan image. According to Chen, students often avoid volunteer work through Dwight Hall for political reasons. "It is perceived as being e-xtremely liberal," he said . While Chen adds that this image of Dwight Hall is inaccurate, he believes that it fril'{htt•ns ofT potential volunteers who hold more conservative views.

A ({rowing number of students who havt· never been involved with Yale's other community service projects have joined the College Volunteers last year. The organizatio n The New Journal/September 8. 1989 7

developed from a group which has heen in existence at Ezra Stiles for the past four years. This group prepared and served food on a regular basis at a soup kitchen held in the annex of Columbus House. In 1987, when Doolittle took charge of the group in Stiles, he and Chen began discussing the rossibilit} of expanding the program to include all twelve colleges. Last fall, Chen and Doolittle, together with Meir Lakein OE '9 1) and Beth Lin (SY '91 ), started contacting people they knew would be interested in leading volunteer groups.

Pierson, Davenport and Trumbull colleges have combined efforts to provide meals for the hungry at the Downtown Evening Soup Kitchen (DESK) every Tuesday evening. Each college works on a different part of the process, from transporting the food to cooking and serving the meals. Morse volunteers its services to DESK at the Kosher Kitchen on Sunday nights.

Berkeley serves a breakfast at Columbus House weekly. Stiles and Silliman also work in the Columbus House soup kitchen. At Jonathan Edwards, Chen has developed a varied volunteer program where members devote time to activities such as making telephone calls to lobby for affordable housing legislation.

One obstacle the program faces is funding. Although Chen says that in certain instances college masters have given College Council funds to the Volunteers, the Council of Masters does not officially permit such awards.

For the most part, college volunteer groups have had to raise funds independently. By setting up a solicitation table outside the Stiles dining hall, for example, Doolittle managed to raise more than $500 for his group.

As recipients of the Dwight Hall Humanitarian Award, Chen and Doolittle plan to use the money to give the College Volunteers a boost. They will give the award to a college group which has demonstrated outstanding dedication to community service, Doolittle explained. "Maybe with the money we'll be able to plant an up-and('oming volunteer group firmly on its feet, and bring the ethic of service to t>ven more people."

-Eric Fisher 8 The New journaVSeptember 8, 1989

"

Henry Schwab says publicity is key for a small publisher.

Getting Into Print Henry Schwab, owner of Book Haven on York Street, knows a Jot of professors in Yale's English department. So five years ago, when Schwab started a book publishing company named after himself, he already had some valuable contacts. This year, Henry R. Schwab Inc. will put out its first book, the latest work of Yale professor Harold Bloom, an internationally- known literary critic.

Schwab (MC '63, M.A. '72) met Bloom through another friend in the English department, Professor John Hollander, who frequently comes by the store. Bloom soon began to make trips to Book Haven too, to check over the shelves and discuss literature with Schwab. "(Bloom) has always found it helpful to come in, browse, ask questions and get recommendations," Schwab said. During Bloom's visits, the two men talked about Schwab's dreams of getting into the reprint publishing business- putting old, outof-print books back on the market.

When Bloom asked if Schwab were interested in publishing one of his own works, Schwab gladly accepted the offer.

The book, called The Poetics of Influence: New and Selected Criticism, is a "Bloom reader." Twelve of the 25 chapters are journal articles Bloom has re-edited for Poetics and one is a recently discovered essay. The remaining twelve chapters are reprints from previous Bloom books.

As it turned out , finding a book was the easy part. Actually publishing Poetics became a long and difficult process for Schwab. In some cases,

Schwab said, publishers denied reprint rights for proposed chapters, and he and Bloom had to revise their plans for the book's contents.

Furthermore, Schwab discovered, Bloom's name alone does not sell his books. So far, he has sold 700 of 1500 paperbacks distributed nationwide. In spite of the fact that both the London Times Literary Supplement and the Boston Globe have reviewed Poetics, no other periodicals have picked up on the new release. In order for a small, new outfit like his to market a book, Schwab said, it needs more widespread attention. "I'm learning still about how difficult it is to market a book, even by a name author," he said.

Schwab predicts that he will have an even harder time clearing a profit in reprint publishing. The demand for reprints is low because they lack the advertising benefit of reviews, and because the original books are still available in libraries. He plans to improve his sales by specializing in critical works in classics and English literature, aimed at the university market. His working list of titles includes works by ten Yale professors, many of whom are Book Haven clients.

Still, Schwab said, financial success is secondary to his concern for the continued life of. scholarly works. "I think it's very worthwhile to have available books that aren't the latest books in the field ," he said. "Otherwise it's almost the same as the bestsellers.

That's not how any¡field should work."

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-Frank David

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Classroom Talk "What really bothers me," Erin says, ¡'are the Orthodox Jews who use this principle to ... " Smiling at her dissatisfaction, she describes people she knows in Baltimore. David and I listen; we tap our index fingers in our books, ready to return to learning the details of keeping kosher. The others, though, start arguing with Stories, then with feeling: "Who ever heard of such a thing?" They negotiate compromises over the reading, returning to it faithfully, only to jump away again into their own experiences. Not until after class do David and I settle our questions.

I still find it a bit bewildering to see academic thinking shoved aside in the classroom. David and I prepare for class as a pair, foxholed together, face to face. Learning at Machon Pardes, a yeshiva in Jerusalem, means being together in the study hall, being together in the classroom. We don't write papers, we talk. David and I- both feeling the weight of being beginners- try to drive through these texts as hard as we can so we can absorb. and know.

Pardes' program is based on torah lishmah, study for its own sake. "In any institution where such a principled devotion to knowledge for its own sake prevails," explained President Benno Schmidt when I entered Yale two years ago, "truth . . . will claim the highest value." At Pardes, we struggle in the classroom from 8 to 6, but not for truth. Our talk is about our daily carryings-on, our behavior. And though Pardes unquestionably emphasizes the classroom- in his introductoroy speech, the director reassured us that the study hall is the real world- we are connected to the world of public action and human implication. As "an integral part of our studies," Pardes mandates that each student participate weekly in a community service project.

Shoshana is seventy years old and has four grown kids and I visit her once a week. We talk, mostly about children 10 The New JournaVSeptember 8, 1989

or neighbors, occasionally about my own daily life or about a traffic accident in the news. Our talk helps my Hebrew and my Yiddish, and stands constant in my weekly swirl of thinking and dreaming. I get strength from my visits, I look to them as reassuring markers during my year in Israel.

Shoshana minds two babies, Gilad and Shalevet. Childhood is the time, explain the biologists, that we learn the adaptive behaviour used by the adults of the species. Gilad is learning to talk and so am I, a baby that pays the rent and takes a university seminar in science and modern political theory.

Tea and cookies with Shoshana is just a piece of the world, an opportunity to participate in the social fabric. Our aftern.o ons repel analysis; we cannot think alike. We share only these bare hours of.jnvolvement. Even when I left Pardes ¡i n the middle of the year, I arranged my work schedule so I could continue seeing Shoshana.

"Education," insists Schmidt, "is not for career but for life. A liberal education enhances our capacities for community, for affiliation, for empathy," he says. Wrestling in a Yale classroom, though, no matter how vigorous, revolves around dispassionate analysis and tends toward crisp detachment. Classroom talk soaks in the written word; whether talking about fiction or a research article, we dissect, connect, elaborate, intepret.

Human implications, however, get shunted away.

Kingman Brewster, in his inaugural speech for the Yale presidency in 1963, called for pulling ~tudents out of the. classroom. He worried that students were withering in the university, losing their enthusiasm in a lockstep march to credentials. He urged a new strategy: students needed to go beyond Yale's gates, to go out thert to "splice experience with learning."

In the fall of 1965, Yale established the Five-Year B.A. Program. which annually sent a dozen students away

from Yale, to work for a year in a different ¡ culture. Brewster did not trust the educational process to produce leaders with real perspective.

Being out in the field (or in the bush-many went to Africa), these Program participants would realize that public service had to be hands-on, and would be "deterred from pursuing post-baccalaureate degrees."

"What happened," recalls William Foltz, the program's director until its demise in 1971, "is that students felt that to understand the scenes of poverty before their eyes in Africa, they needed to go to graduate school to understand the banking system.

"Kingman never stopped laughing at how naive he was about that."

Brewster hoped to reorient students' priorities. Even in the ideal Yale, even

with a searching, wrestling community of people with diverse experiences, we won't fully learn about either the world or ourselves. Active immersion in places without students, with people like Shoshana, he thought, could repair that. With this involvementcoupled, of course, with Yale's education- students might well become effective leaders.

I return hesitantly to the university.

Pardes and Shoshana have taught me to examine the cultures we learn from.

At Yale, I believe that the classroom can unite outside experience with academic thinking, that like Erin, we can be . stirred by scholarship. From . my apartment, though, I look downstairs, and wonder about emotionally pulling back from the world of involvement. On the parking lot, the kids are playing soccer in the morning sun, skipping school.

â&#x20AC;˘

Matt Fltischer is a sophomort in Trumbull.

Whose Right?

The Abortion Debate on the Local Front Ellen Katz Eleven bills limiting access to abortion came before the Connecticut legislature last spring- the most in any state.

These proposals ranged from a parental notification requirement to a constitutional amendment outlawing abortion altogether. Although none of the bills passed, the Supreme Court's July decision, Webster vs. Reproductive Health Services, which upheld Missouri's regulations prohibiting abortion in public hospitals or by public employees, will probably help several of them become law by next year:. 路 路 Since 1821 , when Connecticut became the first state to criminalize abortion, it has been a battleground for reproductive rights. Griswold v.

Connecticut, a 1965 Supreme Court decision, found an implicit right to privacy in the Bill of Rights, which laid the groundwork for federally protected abortion rights.

For ten days in November, 1961 Estelle T. Griswold and C. Lee Buxton counseled married couples about birth control at a Planned Parenthood Center on Trumbull Street. In so doing, they violated a state law that prohibited using contraceptives and providing information about them.

Their arrest, conviction and subsequent appeal to the U.S Supreme Court led to the Griswold decision.

Certain areas of private concern, the Court ruled , such as "the marital bedroom," are protected from government intrusion.

New Haven attorney Catherine Roraback, who helped prepare Griswold and Buxton's defense, has been fighting for privacy and abortion rights for 30 years. "We didn't expect to win on the right to privacy," Roraback said of the Griswold case.

"Really we were arguing that the state statute was a denial of liberty and property without due process, and a violation of freedom of speech. The Court was looking for a chance to say something rather broad on the ri11:ht to 12 The New journal/September 8, 1989

pnvacy."

Roraback felt that Roe v. Wade was the logical extension of the right to privacy. Today , s1xteen years later, she believes Webster's sanctioning of stat'e regulation endangers that right.

Following Webster, State Rep. Benjamin DeZinno decided to reintroduce a bill that would keep a minor from having an abortion without first notifying one of her parents. A lthough the proposal died in the Public Health Committee last spring, Representative George Jepsen, an opponent of such restrictions, now believes Webster will help it pass. In Connecticut, Jepsen says, "The real battleground remains parental notification, which we路 will probably lose."

DeZinno's bill is similar to the statutes in question in two of the abortion cases the Supreme Court will hear this fall. DeZinno emphasizes that his bill stipulates the minor tell only one parent, not both. "This is not to deny access," says DeZinno. Rather, he describes his bill as a means of fostering communication within the family and providing an opportunity for parental guidance.

In 1988, State Rep. Anthony Nania proposed cutting off state funds which support abortion or contraceptive services to unmarried minors without their parents' written consent. "I have a right to know if my child is practicing contraception, or having an abortion," Nama said.

Yet Roraback believes that the true intent of parental notice is not to foster communication, but to stop women from getting abortions.

Further, she says, the notification r equire ment ignores individual c ircumstances. The daughter of abusive parents, for instance, has good reason not to tell them of her pregnancy.

However, Richard Tulisano, head of the State Judiciary Committee, believes that parental notice would

"Our legislation is in anticipation of what is highly likely. Our goal is to preserve the status quo."

..

only lead to abuse in rare circumstances, and is therefore reasonable. "I don't think these exceptional cases should rule ," he said. Furthermore, he say.s the state's interest in fostering familial communication warrants this regulation of the right to privacy.

Tulisano believes that a majority of the' public-including 'some people who identify themselves as "pro-choice"support some regulation of 路 abortion. In advocating restrictions such as parental notice, he says he is seeking a middle ground between those who favor abortion on demand and those who oppose it unequivocally.

D eZinno, however, favors restrictions as part of a larger anti-abortion program. "I am against abortion and will do whatever I can to limit it," he said. Last spring, he sponsored legislation that would have cut off public funds to pay for abortions except in the case of rape or incest or to save the life of the mother. "Ideally, I support abortion only to save the life of the mother, but I'd accept it in cases of rape or incest," he said. "I'm being realistic about this issue."

An attempt to restrict public funding is less likely to succeed in Connecticut than the parental notice proposal. "We won't lose on funding," Jepsen said.

H e points to Doe v. Maher, a 1986 Connecticut Supe~ior Court case, as a barrier to such legi!!lation. The court ruled that the state must provide Medicaid funding for all abortions, not just those necessary to protect the life

breakfast • lunch dinner • late snacks

90 WAJ.L ST.- NEW of the pregnant woman. Roraback, who argued the case, contended that without such funding, the poor no longer have access to abortion facilities. The practical consequence, she said, is that they lose their constitutional right to privacy.

As opponents of abortion welcome Webster as an opportunity to enact restrictive legislation, abortion rights advocates are seeking to preserve the right to privacy through a counteroffensive of their own. Jepsen and State Sen. Richard Blumenthal are trying to repeal old statutes criminalizing abortion in case the Supreme Court overturns Roe v. Wade. Although a federal court rul_e d these statutes unconstitutional in 1972, they remain on the books. .Jepsen and Bh.iritenthal, moreover, want to preserve specific elements of Roe through new legislation, including a proposal preventing the state from restricting a woman's right to an abortion during the first two trimesters of her pregnancy. "Our legislation is in anticipation of what is highly likely," says Jepsen. "Our goal is to preserve the status quo."

If in Griswold the Supreme Court allowed for a "broad" right to privacy, in Webster it substantially narrowed the scope of that right. Webster's encouragement of state regulation erodes the right to privacy guaranteed by Roe and Griswold. It theoretically threatens not only Roe, but Griswold itself. .Just how far DeZinno, Nania and other opponents of abortion will be able to push restrictive legislation and still pass constitutional scrutiny remains to be seen. Yet the significance of the decision, says Nania, is clear: "Webster is the beginning of a legal u-turn."

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The Big Vote Ruth Conniff

14 The New j ou rnal/September 8 , 1989

"Fight the Power!" came pounding out of a boombox on the floor of the Democratic Nominating Convention.

Three young men carrying "Youth for Daniels" signs were leading a long line of the mayoral candidate's supporters, waving flags withjewish, African, and Puerto Rican symbols. About 400 New Havencrs squeezed into the steamy auditorium at Conte School on Thursday night, July 27, while on stage, members of the Democratic Town Committee struggled to address the noisy crowd. When the Daniels people finally sat down, ¡a brass band stru ck up "Happy Days Are Here Again," and an older group, waving American flags and DeStefano placards, took its turn around the room.

John DeStefano won at the convention, to carry the party's endorsement to the Democratic primary this Tuesday, September 12.

For all practical purposes, the primary will mark the end of the mayoral race for Democratic candidates John Daniels and john DeStefano, as well as R~publicans Roberta (Robie) Pooley and Tobin Hitt. As usual, there is little doubt that a Democrat will win in the general election (no Republican has been mayor here since 1953). But this year's campaign has generated a lot of e xcitement. Volunteers have signed up close to 3,000 new voters, and New Haven has not seen such a split in its dominant party since the beginning of Mayor Biagio DiLi~to's ten-year reign.

When DiLieto announced last spring that he would not run again, he left the mayoral seat open for the first

time since 1969, when the legendary Dick Lee stepped down after 16 years.

Daniels · had already begun his campaign, cr itizin g the old administration and declaring that it was "Time for a Change." DeStefano, the city's development administrator under DiLieto, entered the race o n May 1, calling himself "A New Gen e ration of L eadershi p ."

While New Haven ~taggers under its overwhelming hui'n a n crises in r>overty, AIDS, and crime, the next mayor will have to confront th e immediate practical problems of handling the city's overflow of solid waste as the Middletown landfill closes in .June, and managing a government strarped for funds as its tax base shrinks.

DeStefano, Daniels, and P ooley all say the next mayor should concentrate more o n human services. Except for T ohin Hitt , who h as said h e would cut otr funds to the c ity's Shubert Theater and form special police posses to round up prostitutes on Edgewood Avenue, the candidates have maintained fairly uniform stands on the issues. The two Democrats have both proposed recydin l.{ and composting programs to deal with solid waste, and have said they will huild more a fford able housing.

Despite their similar p ositions, Danids and D eStefa n o h ave very diO<.·n·nt backgrounds and political stylt·s . .John Daniels g rew up in th e Elm H aven public h ousing projects. A high school football hero, he came honw after college to begin his 25-year r>olitica l career by running fo r aldt'rman. As the first black candidate

with a good chance of winning, in a ritv run by Irish and Italian mayors sinn· 1900, he h as promised to build a coalition of New H aven's diverse racial and l'thnic commu nities. "H e can rTarh out to all different n eighborhoods and galvanize them to fi ght the human problems of the city," said U.S. Congressman Bruce M orrison. The latest New Haven Register poll showed Daniels had a broad base of support: 43 percent of the vote versus 24 · percent for DeStefano.

As a state senator, Daniels drafted 1he drug bill passed this year which will

"What happens when you have one party 1n control is that they don't have to account to anyone." fund treatment, law enforcement and cdurat ion programs across the state.

Alonl.{ with Morrison, he also developt'cl a project to replace the Elm H aven high rises with public housing, and cn·ated a regional housing compact to promote similar efforts.

Morrison admires what he calls Daniels' conciliatory leadership style.

Hut Pooley calls h im passive. O ver the course of nine years in the state h·l.{islature. D aniels has taken very few pm\(·rful stands.

In his campa ign for mayor, Daniels has mt·t with members o f youth gangs

:.... well as Yale professors, to discuss pmbkms of drugs and crime. "A lot of \'Cl\1111.{ guy:- on the street do feel comfortable with him. H e's someon e who docs identify with us," said D arell Moss. a member of Youth for Daniels. ''\\'hen I talk about change in this city I'n r talking about inclusion," Daniels said. "Over the last ten years the party nr:whine has completely dominated.

It's het>n an era when people are <"-.:eluded, and neighbor is divided al.{ainst neigh bor."

When .John D eStefano talks about <'hange. on the other hand, he is usua.lly talking about municipal finan<·e. " If there's discrimination in this <"ity it's economic," he said . "I don't think w<·'re torn apar t racially."

D1·St<'fano, who began his career in 1.{0\'l'r·nmcnt as a comptroller and has 11<'\Tr held elected office, is running on his reputation as a detail-conscious tl'<"hnocrat. H e describes himself as nwtinrlous and demanding. "Some rwople have called me difficult, but I just demand excellence," he said.

Among his most important accomplishments, he lists rescuing the Shubert Theater from the brink o f ban kruptcy, building the public library on the Green, and leading a project to put up homeless shelters in New H avcn neighborhoods.

D<·Stefano's supporters praise his hands-on aggressive style. "After six, years on the board of aldermen, I know the differen ce between doing the job and making the rules," said fo~mer aldl'rwoman Judith Baldwin. "We're facing a minimum of five years of very n·-;t ric ted financial resources to deal Tht·

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with major problems. I want somebody in that slot who has the skills and practical experience to do the job." As mayor, DeStefano plans to relieve Nt•w H aven's financial troubles by building an "urban coalition" with H art ford and Bridgeport, ana pushing for a statewide income tax. "The great division that exists is not within the <·ity," he said . "It's between the c ity and the suburbs. And we're foolish to lose si~ht of that."

DeStefano has also said he will rest ru ctu re city bureaucracy , to t•liminate overlapping and conflicting r<·sponsibilities among departmen ts, and make social services more accessible to citizen s. "I will break down the barriers that h ave grown up b<-1 ween individuals and their ~overnment," he said.

H istorically, however, much of the division between individuals and city ~ov<· rnment in New Haven grows not from an inaccessible bureaucracy but from the structure of the city's all-

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powerful Democratic party. "What happens when you have one party in control is that they don't have to account to anyone," said Pooley. A C'omplacent one-party system has neglected citizens' needs for years, she said, leading to many of New Haven's current crises. In the last year of the DiLicto administration, New Haven has left S9 milJion in anti-poverty funds unspent, besides losing its ft·derally-funded Headstart program, because of mismanagement. Daniels has also lashed out at the city's Democratic "machine," which, he said, has excluded candidates who represent tht· interests of the broader population.

Ml've been called a machine, 'the mustache,' and the leader of a great party," Democratic Town Chair Arthur Barbieri said in his speech at the nominating convention . "But please remember that since my ascendancy, the only time a Republican has seen the inside of City Hall has heen when that Republican has paid a

visit." History books on New Haven politics have immortalized Barbieri as th<· driving force behind the city's oldstyle Democratic machine. During his 20 years as Town Chair from 1953 to 1973, Barbieri kept a tight grip on the party. In that era, characterized by hattles between Irish and Italian political "bosses," through deal-making and "ward-heeling," Barbieri saw to it that the party-endorsed candidate won. This year, after Town Chair Vincent Mauro was killed suddenly in a car accident, the Town Committee a<>ked Barbieri to resume his old post.

Barbieri presided over the Democratic Nominating Convention in 1969, when Lee stepped down and Daniels made his first bid for mayor.

DeStefano was only 14 years old at the rime. According to Fred Powledge, aUihor of Modtl City, a history of New Haven politics, Bart Guida, "the machine's choice" won the nomination.

In his book, Powledge gives a dramatic description of the '69 convention:

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A small group of young people moved toward the stage, where Arthur Bar bieri was trying to maintain control over his first Democratic town convention in many years. "The people want to be heard," the young people chanted.

Someone else, a delegate, waved a poster. "Be Smart; Elect Bart," it said. "The people want to be heard."

Most of the demonstrators were black. They wore Afro haircuts; they looked strong, maybe mean. "The people want to be heard." Barbieri tried to talk into the microphone. He could not be heard. "The people want to be heard!" Barbieri's face twitched. He was sweating.

There was some scuffiing at the edge of the stage. The demonstrators .were trying to mount the platform and capture the microphone. The American flag fell down slowly. No one tried to save it. The chanting continued. "The people want to be heard!" A policeman sprayed mace in the face of one of the demonstrators . . .

Twenty years l a~er, Daniels has put himself forward as the peoples' candidate, ready to fight the powerful Democratic machine. But in 1989, as in '69, he has taken his place on the stage, with the other candidates, rather than on the floor with the demonstrators. "He's a product of the system he's attacking," Barbieri said.

Throughout his career, Daniels has worked within the Democratic party As an alderman in the 1960's, he allied himself w ith the Lee administration, heading Lee's Commission on Equal Opportunities. In 1969 he ran a more moderate campaign than Herbert Parker, another black candidate who was highly critical of Lee. After his first run for mayor, Daniels went on to become the majority leader of the Board of Alderman in 1976 and '77, and has served five 2-year terms as a state senator.

Still, Daniels denies that he has ever supported the party machine.

Especially recently, he said, the TysonFerrucci race for registrar of voters hl'lped convince him to run. In that election, former clerk Sharon Ferrucci ran and w~:m against Althea Tyson, the deputy registrar. Tyson supporters have claimed that the party put up

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Ferrucci as a candidate rather than simply promoting Tyson, as expected, because Tyson, who is black, posed a threat to the Italian-dominated machine.

"I supported Frank Logue (an antimachine candidate who beat Bart Guida in 1973) when DiLieto challenged him, and I supported the mayor when DiLieto became mayor," Daniels said. "For the first couple years, DiLieto's ideals and visions were compatible to mine. But in the last four years he began to rely on people like DeStefano and Joe Carbonne and I became disenchanted. I've felt the machine was wrong."

D eStefano presents himself as aloof from the political fray. "Those are old battles, and I haven't been in politics for very long," he said. While Daniels calls DeStefano part of the political machine, D eStefano emphasizes that he is actually less of a politician than Daniels. "I see Daniels as cut out of the old way," D eStefano said. "He's the

statesman. I'm a problem-solver. I paid my dues differently, and I don't see this race as the capstone of a 25-year political career."

Nevertheless, Daniels' partisans \ harge that DeStefano has benefitted as the "machine's choice" in this election. According to Daniels , Barbieri manipulated delegates' votes to ensure that DeStefano won the nomination. "It was a typical Barbieri convention," Daniels said. "People's jobs were threatened, and they squeezed out 32 votes for DeStefano."

According to Alderwoman Katie Kenney of the First Ward (which includes Yale), Barbieri threatened not to endorse Ben Liebman , the Ward's choice as a delegate to the convention.

"When we told him we were supporting D aniels he went into a tirade," Kenney said. "He said he was going to appoint someone who would vote for DeStefano at the convention, even though the Ward had voted to support Daniels."

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M embers of the DeStefano cam· paign, including DeStefano himself and President of the Board of Alderman Tomas Reyes, said they dissuaded Barbieri from stacking the nomination in DeStefano's favor.

"When openings in the town com· mittce came up, Arthur Barbieri told m<· he was going to appoint people who would vote for me," said Destefano. "I told him to appoint people who the ward comm itees wanted, and l feel ('Omfortable that I earned the nomination."

"I really believe Arthur would have ultimately done the right thing," Reyes said of the Liebman incident. "All we did. really , was remind him that he had to listen to the wards." Barbieri is working with the DeStefano campaign as closely as he has in the past with other candidates, Reyes said, helping with fundraising and "strategizing."

Reyes, however, denies that a Demo· cratic party machine exists. "That's a joke. I don't think there's a machine here that can deliver anybody. It's a convenient accusation."

DeStefano, meanwhile, insists that despite his ties to Barbieri and the Di L ieto administration, he will act independently and make himself available to voters previously neglected by <·ity government. Recently, he has l!;ained the endorsement of the Coali·

tion of H ispanic Leaders, including business leaders, ministers and New Haven's four H ispanic elected officials.

"One o f the real commitments DeStefano made was that we will be part of the inner workings of govern· rnent. We will be sitting at the table," said Reyes, a spokesman for the group.

In a recent DeStefano rally, Reyes announced to 250 members of the Hispanic community that Hispanics would show that they were united by voting together in one block for DeStefano.

"That's bullshit," said Raul Avila of Latinos for Daniels. The Daniels campaign has also courted the support of the H ispanic community, through rallies and canvassing. "The supposed leaders are supporting DeStefano, but the community they lead is not," Avila said. The last Register poll showed 65 percent of H ispan ics undecided, 27 percent for Daniels ~nd 7 percent for DeStefano.

All in all, Daniels and DeStefano say they have divided the general population of the city pretty evenly between them. Both say the race will be very close. According to Matthew Nemerson, President of the Chamber of Commerce, the business community is also split 50/.50 between the two <·andidates. " I nitially the business community knew J ohn DeStefano

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"It's been an era when people are excluded , and neighbor is divided against neighbor." · DeStefano says he can tune up city government to servt· the people better, while Daniels claims he , will heal the rifts among New Haven's variot:ts communities. "Whoever takes over 1s going to have a very difficult time," Nemerson said. "There's going to be no money available, and that's going to have a tremendous impact. Should the mayor be a details person? Should he be an image person? Who knows? The two candidates have very different strengths, and as a resident of New Haven it's going to be a difficult choice."

At least in one respect, New Haven's citizens have certainly been drawn closer to their city government this summer: "When all the smoke clears after the primary, one thing that will have to be said is that some serious voter registration has taken place ," said Operation Big Vote Project Director Lisa Sullivan. Both candidates advertise themselves as good listeners.

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Philosophical Differences I>avid (;reenberg

This summer the Yale Week~ Bulletin and Calendar announced in a front-page article that Harry Frankfurt had been appointed to a prestigious chair, as the .John M. Schiff Professor of Philo¡ sophy. A few weeks later, Frankfurt announced that he was taking a job at Prin ceton . Although department members say they knew that Frankfurt was considering the offer from Princeton even before President Benno Schmidt appointed him to the post, to the rest of the Yale community the news came as a shock. Frankfurt presided over Yale's philosophy department as its chairman from 1978 to 1987 . " From the point of view of prestige, this comes as a big blow to the department," said Carol Freedman, a fourth-year graduate student.

Frankfurt's departure is the latest development in the saga of a depart¡ ment struggling to overcome its troubled reputation and to heal some old wounds.

In December, 1987, a New York Times article pitted two Yale professors, John Smith and Ruth Marcus, against each other in an ideological battle. The article focused o n the split between two schools of 20th-century philosophy known as the conti nental and analytic traditions, with Smith attacking the analysts and Marcus defending them. According to the Times, a minority community of continentalists have been trying to find room to practice amid an oppressive m ajority of analysts who control most American universities.

Yale is unique in representing both traditions in its philosophy depart¡ m ent. Few major universities in the 22 The New Journal/September 8, 1989

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U.S. teach continental philosophy at all. Northwestern and SUNY Stonybrook are the only schools other than Yale with substantial continental programs, while the top philosophy departments in the country are predominantly analytic. "Many departments feel that they have to make a choice," said Mark Kingwell, a ~hird-year graduate student in political theory. "They try to be good in one school or the other, but not both."

The analytic philosophers, who practice mostly in the United States and Great Britain, emphasize a rigorous logical method and trace their roots to Bertrand Russell, Ludwig Wittgenstein, and early 20th-century logical positivism. The continental school, more literary in nature, focuses on thinkers such as G.W.F. Hegel, Martin Heidegger and Edmund Husserl. With its base in Germany and France, this latter school has given rise to the post-structuralist literary criticism that has become popular in recent years. In America, a student who wants to study continental philosophers must usually seek them out in the literature department.

Today, however, many professors contend that the labels "analytic" and "continental" do not tell the whole story.

Although ten years ago the Yale department did reflect a larger rift in philosophy, according to Associate Professor Georgia Warnke, the field as , a whole has changed since then and the antagonism seems to have subsided.

"There was a general impression that the New York Times article was out of date," Warnke said. Even Marcus and Ethan Cohen/The New Joumel

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Smith have softened their posltlons.

"That dichotomy is much too small," Smith said. "You've got so many things goi11g on in the American scene, it won't do."

Marcus, for her part, seems to have made peace with her former opponent.

"A philosophy department needs both rpoints of view]," she said. If she has to make a distinction, she prefers to differentiate between those who do their own p hilosoph y and those who study the work of others. Still, the people she cites as pioneers in philosophy also h appen to be considered analysts.

She points to W.V.O. Quine and Joiln Rawls as original thinkers in the areas of language and ethics. "It's one thing to study early H eidq~ge r versus later. Heidegger; it's another to address philosophical proble ms such as the nature of rules or fJut'stjons of language or ethics," she said.

H owever one chooses to draw the lines. Yale's effor t to teach more than one method of philosophy has met mixed reviews. On the one hand, some st udt·nts praise the exposure to different approaches. Grad uate student Michael McDuffie, for one, though primarily a student of continental philosophy, welcomes the opportunity to study logic and philosophy of language. " I n coming to Yale," he said, "I was req uired to study some stuff outside my own tradition and I found it interesting and productive." Some students even make drastic changes in their course of study. "I've seen students come here to study existentialism and they wind up studying logic," Smith said.

But other undergraduates complain of the lack of guidance in choosing <·ourses , and say they feel confused trying to study both traditions. Stan Paik (BK '90) said that while the plethora of choices can be exciting, it can also be bewildering. P rofessors do not make explicit the d ifference in the two approaches to beginnin g students, claiming that to understand the difference thoroughly would requ ire a substantial philosophical background.

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For .30 years Professor Smith has taught a type of philo110phy ignored at other univenities. structure in the department, some students feel it is too easy to grad uate without working through a cohesive program of study. "They take one course in ethics, one course in ph ilosophy of mind, some bullshit here, some bullshit there, and you have yourself a major," said J ohn Kroger (MC '90).

Paik also finds it discouraging when he tries to cross over between the two schools, since an analytic professor may not be familiar with problems of continental philosophy, or students who have studied continental theory may be resistant to scientific reasoning. "It's a problem if you try to raise a logical question in a Hegel seminar," he said·. "There are too many different languages being spoken."

Rulon Wells, a member of the Yale department from 1945 until his

retirement last spring, has taught courses on Russell and the philosophy of language, as well as on myth and the history of philosophy. "I've heard enemies of the pluralistic conception refer to it as a 'zoo' approach," Wells said. Still, Wells believes in presentmg a variety of approaches to students.

Moreover, many, such as Mark Ravizza, a graduate student, expand on Warnke's point that the philosophical com mun ity as a whole is c hanging. "The d istinction [between analytic and con tinental] is kind of passe," h e said. "In Germany, philosophers are lookin g at Quine as much as at Hegel : Last year at Yale you had Rudiger Bittner teaching a seminar on Hegel;s Phenomenology of Spirit and you had someone like Jonathan Lear going to that seminar. You have to be ambidextrous today."

I n theory, few Yale professors will argue with this toleran t lin.e. But historically faculty have split into ideological camps when arguing over appointments. In th e 1960's, a continental philosopher named Richard Bernstein failed to get tenure after strong opposition from the analysts at Yale . The dispute, which attracted attention from the media and sparked student protests, left Yale with a reputation as a divided department. A similar d ispute in the 1970's, over a professor named David Carr, led to the barring of junior faculty from meetings about appointments and tenure decisions.

If students suspect that an ideological rift in the upper echelons of the department has contributed to their lack of direction, Yale's professors are quick to respond that the situation is improving, that the department, along with the whole philosophical community, is becoming more unified. Ever since the Bernstein controversy, Lear said, undergraduates, professors at other universities, and newspaper articles have speculated about the rift at Yale, even as it contin ues to heal.

"There is always some grain of truth around which a rumor is built," Lear said. "But now it's about ten years out of date. Almost every vote all year has

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26 The New .Journal/September 8, 1989

lwen unanimous in our department."

Philip Bricker will be eligible for Philosophy professors feel especially tenure next year, his ninth at Yale. sensitive about their department's Rricker said that Yale's problem may divided reputation. since, according to seem especially acute because of the Smith, this image has hurt its ability long wait for tenure, compared with to get funds. "A lot of tl1at 'split' most universities, which review junior emphasis is created by appointment members in their sixth year. "Very few committees," he said. "It's more people want to wait till their ninth year political rhetoric than anything else." to find a permanent job," and thus it Other faculty have used the philosophy has become a common practice for department's reputation for infighting Yale junior members to scout out as an excuse to deny it resources, said opportunities even a few years before Smith. "If you're down, you're likely to they can qualify for a full professorship, Bricker said. ~t:t stomped on."

Rumo rs persist about in-fighting at ,, Yale, although faculty deny them and graduate students are loath to speculate. "Not sitting around the table when decisions are made, I don't really know where the disagreements come from," Freedman said. "It's hard to know if it's a matter of personality eli fferences or of ideological differences."

In any case, within the last three years, Robert Brumbaugh, George Schrader and Wells, all tenured professors, have retired, and in February Furthermore, the ph ilosophy Frankfurt will leave for Princeton. department has unusually rigorous Meanwhile, junior faculty members standards, which demand that a Norton Batkin, D avid Blinqer, candidate for tenure have earned Anthony Brueckner, Giovanni national and international recognition.

Ferrari, John Fischer and R.I.G. Marcus says that while even nine years Hughes have moved to other univercan rarely bring such a reputation, she stues. The upshot is a teaching feels the department must remain true shortage. "There was a time, years to its charge and look to other univerago , when Yale had almost twice the sities for the top scholars in the field. number of senior faculty," Marcus "I've tried to preserve [Yale's said. Students like Paik wonder why standards] ," Marcus said. "There are "there are three or four times as many others who feel it's aiming too high." faculty in the English department as in Among those who are unhappy with the Philosophy department." the system is Smith. "The difficulty is One obvious reason is that the Yale that Uunior faculty] are being blocked philosophy department does not tenure by this Yale business of plucking the many junior faculty members. Only plums from other people's trees," he one assistant professor has risen in the said. Smith, who himself came up ranks to full professor in about fifteen through the ranks at Yale, says that the vtâ&#x20AC;˘ars. Lear and Professor Karsten i-t arries have gotten tenure more current situation discourages assistant professors. "It's essential not just to the recently, but only after leaving Yale morale of the department but also to first for positions elsewhere. "To the dedication and commitment of the promote is the exception, not the rule," junior people to. see that it's not a Lear himself said.

As one of the"people in flux"in the closed door," he said.

Not only junior faculty, but also Yale department, Associate Professor

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undergraduates and graduate students find the high turnover rate frust rating.

Kingwell says that graduate students are advised to work on their dissertations only with senior faculty members, since no o ne knows when junior members will be comin g or going.

"The department roster, at least at the low end, has changed completely since I've been here," he said . Students regret deeply the loss of individual professors. Freedman was upset when John Fischer, who worked with her in her field of moral psychology, left to take an appointment elsewhere in 1987.

Last year, John Davenport UE '89) wrote an editorial in the Yale Daily News lamenting the departure of Paul Mikl owitz, a graduate student who taught a seminar in 19th-century philosophy.

Lear said that the teaching shonage stems not from intra-departmental warring, nor from an unwillingness to tenure junior faculty, but from a dearth of funds. "University resources are scarce," he said. "It's hard to get permission to advertise for a new spot."

And funding is threatened in pan by the department's reputation for discord. Thus, philosophy is in a situation that can be "tempered, but not neutralized" according to Wells; some problems will never disappear entirely. While Yale's department presses on, it will continu e to face setbacks, s u c h as Fr a nkfur t's departure, and continue to try to heal the wounds received in battles past.

Lear speaks with confidence about the depart m ent's future. " It's in the best shape it's been in in twenty years," he said.

Still, he realizes that the talk of strife will continue. If there are problems, then appointment committees and reporters will pounce on them. And if faculty try to smooth over their differe nces, as seems to be the case now, outsiders will continue to say that Lear is speaking less than he knowest.

•

David Greenberg, a senior in Berkeley College, is associate editor of TNJ.

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The New Journal/September 8, 1989 27

Afterthought/Nina Glickson

Leading the Way One of the frrst women at Yale looks back r

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! = Yale was overwhelming in the fall of 1969. Before school started everyone gave me advice. My cousin, a junior at a women's college, said she couldn't think of a more exciting place to be; "You'll be a pioneer." "Me, a pioneer?

What did I get myself into?"

Living in Vanderbilt Hall was frustrating, isolating and occasionally amusing. The main entrance had glass :!H Tht• Nt•w .Jou rnai/Sepcember 8 , 1989

doors and a security guard. If the building was set up to keep us in or other people out, it didn't work, though there was a certain degree of comfort in having all the freshmen women in one location. At least we formed a critical mass in Vanderbilt: the colleges had very few women. I did not realize how pleased I would be with the administration's decision to

coeducate all 12 c;:olleges right from the beginning rather than to create one or more women's colleges. The motivation for scattering 250 transfer women may have been suspect (a response to angry alumni I heard), but it was clearly the right decision. The change in the female undergraduate population from 10% in 1969 to 45% in 1989 was made much simpler by that important move. (The change was later aided by the Yale Corporation's removal of the quota on women admitted in the spring of 1973.)

That first year the senior class was still all male, though- some of them curious and some of them outright hostile. Simply going into the college dining hall often took a lot of courage.

Friends at other schools said, "Yale must be so exciting with all those men!" My response was, "No, I wish there were more women." It was a sentiment shared by many of my friends. During freshman year, buses of women came and unloaded every weekend. Who wanted to go to a mixer filled with "imports?" It wasn't just that there weren't eno1,1gh women at Yale.

The men preferred these women who weren't around all the time, everywtJere. Most of them were not used to

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having women as friends, and they did not seem to want us a~ dates either. It was a difficult time. ' I was the only woman in several classes- the same was true for most of my friends-and that was awkward. I n class we were sometimes asked for the female point of view. As if we knew what that meant! One woman commented that when she answered a question in class people turned to

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stare, "as if the furniture had begun to speak." In one class, I felt that the professor resented my presence because she no longer had her roomful of "boys." But perhaps the female professors had a special struggle with the "new" Yale, too. I think they may have really wanted the women to be superstars, so they were most disappointed by average Yale performance.

After all, Yale women were like Yale

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men: some of us were superstars and some were not.

Some women never connected with a mentor, and that was too bad. I was fucky. I had two pillars of support, both women- one my college master and the other a lecturer in history.

Having a female master was quite unique at the time. She helped put me more at ease in my own college, and I think she helped my women friends in the same way. She talked to us about family life and careers and these conversations were invaluable. My othe r mentor gave me much-needed support to stick with my goal of becoming a teacher, and encouraged rne in my job search.

Right from the beginning, deciding what to do with our lives was the source of endless discussion. I went into the teacher preparation program- a traditional track for women- because initially I thought that otherwise I would graduate from Yale with no skills. I was not a scholar; I did not want to be a doctor, and I did not wat1t to wander aimlessly through life . . .

My friends used to sit around and talk late into the night about being productive , useful women "leaders·."

Many were planning careers in law or business or applying to graduate :~ll

Tht> New J ournal/Septe mber 8 , 1989

school. Our talks made me feel even more insecure than I might have otherwise, and that made me angry. I loved kids and I had a great respect for teachers and teaching, so I knew the program was right for me. When I got o ut into the world of work, my fellow teachers at a suburban high school in Connecticut were incredulous: "Why did you choose teaching?" they asked.

"You could have done so many things."

Still, at Yale, I had some special opportunities to learn about my chosen field. When the students took over the campus on May Day weekend, Davenport College became a make-shift childcare center. Those of us involved had a mission, and we pulled together.

The seeds of Yale's nationallyrenowned Calvin Hill Day Care Center began there.

By senior year campus life was better in many ways. Although the numbers of women were small, all of Yale College was now coed, making the surroundings more normal. In general, life for me was less insular. I began to discover the benefits of a diverse, interesting student body.

But returning to work at Yale in 1980 was the beginning of my own process of making peace with the place.

It strikes me now just how intimidating Yale was in 1969, both academically

and socially. Outside of the classroom, men's athletic teams dominated the e xtracurricular scene. Even Dwight Hall, which now·seems to me the most a ccessible of Yale institutions, was very "Christian" in 1969. The Dwight Hall portion of freshman orientation was open only to about 60 kids, and it had a decidedly religious flavor. However, when I came back to Yale, the resid e ntial colleges appeared to be thriving with activity which seemed to draw in e veryone. I liked what I saw. The place felt good and vibrant. Institutions do change, although they often lag somewhat behind the particular needs of new elements of the population.

Now, as then, Yale is not without its faults. Still, I envy the Class of 1993 coming in twenty years after us. For the most part, women can become part of Yale without wondering whether they'll be treated differently because they're women, or even wondering whether they can find a bathroom.

Facilities and attitudes have changed, and while there is a long way to go, by comparison, the Yale of twenty years ago looks primitive. Nonetheless, I wouldn't trade my experience with anyone in the Class of 1993. After all, we were the first. We were the pioneers.

The Yale University Bands 1989-90 Thomas C. Duffy, Director

Yale Concert Band Sixty to seventy select brass. woodwind, and percussion players performing from the entire repertoire of symphonic wind music: marches. band standards. classical transcriptions. chamber wind pieces, contemporary works, including special commissioned compositions.

All concerts are at 8:00pm in Woolsey Hall.

• Sat., Oct. 7

Parents Day Concert, with the Yale Glee Club & Yale Sym. Orch.

• Fri., Oct. 27 Fall Concert; music of Bernstein, Duffy, Grainger, Husa, Milhaud • Time and date to be announced Holiday Concert Mozart, Rodrigo, Kurka, Fiser • Fri., Feb. 16 Winter Concert; music of Wilson, Copland, Maslanka, Diamond • Sun., Feb. 25 New England College Honor Band, 2:00pm, Woolsey Hall Larry Rachleff, guest conductor .music of Ives, Hindemith, Benson Schuman, & others [Hosted by the Yale Bands, this ensemble is comprised of the select wind, brass, and percussion players from colleges throughout New England] • Sat. Mar. 1 ~- Yale Concert Band at Syracuse Univ. "The Yale Concert Band, on a $ix-concert tour of Italy, takes time out to pose for the photographer, who was Performing for the Eastern Divisional high atop the leaning tower of Pisa." 6/1/89 conference of the College Band Director's National Association • Fri., Apr. 6 Spring Concert; music of Davies, Yale Jazz Ensemble and others A twenty-piece Big Band playing everything from Dixie• Sun., May 27 Twilight Concert; 7:00pm land to classic Ellington and Basie tunes to the latest Old Campus; featuring Tchaikovsky's contemporary charts. Available for special events.

1812 Overture with live artillery and the Harkness Memorial Carillon • Wed., Nov. 15- 8:00pm Sprague Hall Yale Precision Marching Band . Thurs., March 8 _ 8:00pm Sprague Hall 120-250 musicians and others both celebrated and • Tues., Apr. 17 - 8:00pm Sprague Hall infamous for a unique blend of musical and topical satirer.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ perfo rmed at football games, pep rallies, and the like.

Sept.

Oct. Nov.

16 23 30 7 14 28 4 11 18

at at

Brown Lehigh UConn Colgate (Parents'/ YouthDay) Dartmouth Penn Cornell Princeton Harvard

All Yale Band concerts (Concert Band and Jazz Ensemble), unless noted otherwise, ar e free and open to the public. For more information about any aspect of the program, call 432-4111 or write: Yale Bands, 3-A Yale Station, New Haven, CT 06520. Scheduled events may change unexpectedly. For verification, call 432-4113, which will have taped concert information one week before each event.

The New Journal/September 8. 1989 31

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