Poultry Times March 31, 2014 Edition by The Times

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March 31, 2014

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Poultry Times

March 31, 2014 Volume 61, Number 7 www.poultrytimes.net

Sauder elected 2014 American Egg Board chairman PARK RIDGE, Ill. — The American Egg Board has elected Paul Sauder of R.W. Sauder Inc. based in Lititz, Pa., as chairman of the 2014 Executive Committee. “Every decision, every action, we take as a board should be made through the lens of whether the effort will help drive egg consumption during my term as chairman,” said Sauder who has served on the board during varying years since 1990 with more than 20 years of total service. “Immediate Past Chair Roger Deffner and his predecessor Chris Pierce left big shoes to fill, and I charge this group of board members and alternates with the task of earning the confidence of every egg farmer in America. We’ll be looking at all AEB’s expenditures and programs to make sure our returnon-investment continues to increase

while driving egg consumption.” Others elected to the Executive Committee during the March board meeting included: Blair Van Zetten, vice chairman, Oskaloosa Food Products, Oskaloosa, Iowa; Scott Ramsdell, secretary, Dakota Layers LLP, Flandreau, S.D.; Clint Hickman, treasurer, Hickman’s Egg Ranch, Buckeye, Ariz.; Andrew Reichman, Parker & Reichman Inc., Andrews, N.C.; and Tom Hertzfeld II, Hertzfeld Poultry Farms Inc., Grand Rapids, Ohio. Joining the board were Tim E. Floyd, L&R Farms Inc, Hartwell, Ga., as an alternate representing the South Atlantic states; and Richard A. Patmos, Sunrise Acres Inc., Hudsonville, Mich., as a member representing the East North Central states. They replaced Larry Thomason

of Larry Thomason Egg Farm Inc., Calhoun, Ga., and Greg Herbruck, Herbruck Poultry Ranch, Saranac, Mich., who rotated off the board. Immediate Past Chairman Roger Deffner, National Food Corp., Everett, Wash., expressed his appreciation to the board for the opportunity to serve since 2008 and to AEB’s committee chairpersons for their leadership throughout the year. “Stay focused, and don’t lose sight of the big picture and its supporting details,” said Deffner. “The details are where success is often found. If all our efforts answer the questions ‘Are we wisely spending our investment? Will this result in more egg sales?’ and answers are yes, then we’ll exceed our mission to drive sales of eggs and egg products.”

Special

AEB chairman: Paul Sauder, left, of R.W. Sauder Inc. in Lititz, Pa., accepts the gavel of office as newly elected chairman of the American Egg Board. Presenting the gavel is immediate past chairman Roger Deffner, National Food Corp., Everett, Wash.

Breakfast items, like bacon and coffee, seeing surge in prices The Associated Press

AP Photo/Journal & Courier, Brent Drinkut

Breakfast prices: In this June 26, 2013, file photo, a breakfast sandwich is photographed at the Triple XXX restaurant in West Lafayette, Ind. Breakfast is now being served with a side of sticker shock. The cost of morning staples like bacon, coffee and orange juice is surging on a host of global supply problems, from drought in Brazil to disease on U.S. pig farms.

NEW YORK — Breakfast is now being served with a side of sticker shock. The price of bacon is surging and the cost of other morning staples, like coffee and orange juice, is set to rise because of global supply problems, from drought in Brazil to disease on U.S. pig farms. And it’s not just the first meal of the day that’s being affected. The cost of meats, fish and eggs led the biggest increase in U.S. food prices in nearly 2 1/2 years last month, according to government data. An index that tracks those foods rose 1.2 percent in February and has climbed 4 percent over the last 12 months. While overall inflation remains low, the increases in food prices are forcing shoppers to search out deals

and cut back. Denise Gauthier, 54, a screenwriter in North Hollywood, Calif., calls the rising prices “shocking and outrageous.” To cope, she has become more frugal, hunting for discounts and buying less food overall. “I will look for things that are on sale and adjust my menu for that,” says Gunthier, who now stocks up on her favorite coffee when it goes on sale for $4.99. Even though food companies use a range of cost-cutting methods to limit the effect of higher food costs, consumers will likely feel the “ripple effects” of rising commodity prices, according to the Grocery Manufacturers Association, a trade organization for more than 300 food, beverage and consumer product companies.

Here’s a rundown of why breakfast food costs are rising, and why they could keep going up.

Bacon Bringing home the bacon is costing more. The price of lean pork in the futures market is at record levels and is up 52 percent since the start of the year, to $1.31 a pound. Traders are concerned about a deadly virus in the U.S. hog population. That could further boost bacon prices, which were already rising after farmers cut pig production because of higher feed costs. Those cost climbed after a drought in 2012. The average price of a pound of sliced bacon in U.S. cities was $5.46

See Breakfast, Page 11

POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

6 top tips for getting the most from tunnel cooling By Jess Campbell, Dennis Brothers, Jim Donald & Gene Simpson

Special to Poultry Times

AUBURN, Ala. — Hot and humid conditions in the Broiler Belt have resulted in many phone calls about how to manage tunnel ventilation to get maximum cooling for birds under these extreme conditions. Most of these are very basic; and wehave to say also very often neglected. We’ll list the points first just briefly, then get into some details. yy Tip 1. Keep fan shutters, blades and fan guards clean. yy Tip 2. Replace fan belts and pulleys before wear has an effect on rpm’s.

yy Tip 3. Make sure there are no restrictions on tunnel airflow. yy Tip 4. Eliminate all air leaks. yy Tip 5. Keep cooling pads clean and fully wetted. yy Tip 6. Monitor and maintain wind-speed and full tunnel static pressure. First, as an overview, it’s helpful to understand how birds handle heat and what kind of help they need to cope with high temperatures and humidity. Our biggest challenge is with fully-feathered birds at or near maturity. A mature broiler in still air needs to shed approximately 12 British thermal units/hour/pound to keep its internal body hat from rising to the point of heat stress. At around 68-70 degrees F and 50 percent relative humidity, the bird can pretty much take care of itself, shedding

about 15 BTU/hour/pound off the skin surface and 7 BTU/hour/pound from respiration. If the temperature goes up we can usually keep the bird comfortable by adding wind-speed. If temperature continues to rise we add evaporative cooling to reduce actual air temperature. However, when both temperature and humidity are high, it is much more difficult to remove the heat from the bird. The bird’s respiratory system is not as efficient in humid air, and neither are our cooling pads. So when it is hot and humid, it is critical to maintain maximum house airflow and maximum cooling pad efficiency. Now, more details: yy Tip 1. Keep fan shutters, blades and fan guards clean. Research shows that if shutters and blades are allowed to become caked with dust, fan performance can be cut by as much as 30 percent. This means that fans delivering 600 fpm when clean may deliver only 420 fpm when they are dirty. This results in cutting the wind-chill cooling effect almost in half, from around 15 degrees F to only about 8 degrees of cooling. These are realistic numbers. Without proper fan maintenance, conditions will be nowhere near optimum and bird growth rate and feed conversion will be greatly hurt. To do: Clean fan shutters on a weekly basis. A simple dusting off with a softer bristle push broom will often do the trick. Clean fans at least once per flock. yy Tip 2. Replace fan belts and pulleys before wear has an effect on rpm’s. The fan belt and pulley together Jess Campbell is program manager, Dennis Brothers is a poultry housing specialist, Jim Donald is a professor and Extension engineer and Gene Simpson is a professor and Extension economist, all with the National Poultry Technology Center at Auburn University in Auburn, Ala. More information can be obtained at www.poultryhouse.com.

make up in effect a gear ratio that determines fan rpm. As a fan belt wears, it becomes thinner and rides deeper in the pulley than when new. This essentially changes the gear ratio, resulting in less air movement. The effect is exactly the same as installing a smaller motor pulley: the fan rpm speed is reduced. The same thing happens with a worn pulley, of course. Field studies have found a surprising number of farms where growers kept fan belts tight but the fan rpm’s were reduced by 10 percent or more because the pulleys and the belts were worn. How serious a problem is a 10 percent loss in air velocity? For example, at 600 fpm, the estimated wind chill cooling will be 15 degrees F. A 10 percent drop to 540 fpm wind speed produces only about 12 degrees o wind chill cooling, a significant 3-degree loss. Tightening a worn belt does not cure the problem. To maintain maximum wind-chill cooling, replace fan belts and pulleys before wear reduces the rpm’s. yy Tip 3. Make sure there are no restrictions on tunnel airflow. Poultry houses and ventilation systems are designed for a certain cfm airflow and fpm airspeed capability bases not only on fan capacity but on specified air inlet sizes and on a given house cross-sectional area (which defines the “tunnel” through which air flows from the inlets to the fan end of the house). If,as we have seen too often in the field, tunnel inlet curtains or doors fail to open fully, or brooding curtains or curtain baffles are allowed to hang down too low, the ventilation system cannot achieve the cooling capability it was designed to deliver (and the grower paid for). It’s easy to overlook such details as tunnel inlet openings or how low brood curtains are hanging; but on the other hand it is easy to get these details right, and doing so will payoff in better bird cooling. yy Tip 4. Eliminate all air leaks. Tunnel ventilation fans having

all ventilation air come in through designed inlets at one end of the house and going out through fans at the other end. If any significant amount of outside air comes in anywhere except those designed inlets, tunnel air velocity drops and windchill cooling is reduced. What might seem to be insignificant cracks or gaps, say along an uncaulked sidewall sill plate, can quickly add up. A one-eighth inch crack that runs 100 feet is the same as a one square foot hole in the wall. Further, if we really need maximum cooling and have evaporative cooling turned on, any air leakage lets uncooled outside air come in, so that much of the evaporative cooling we paid for is lost. We have recently seen quite a few leaky dog-house pad rooms allowing hot air to bypass the cooling pads. It really pays off to do a smoke test and stop any air leaks through wall cracks, around doors, perimeter inlets not fully closing, sidwall curtain gaps, etc. A house tightness test between flocks, closing the house and running one tunnel fan (to be precise, 1 cfm per square foot), should produce a static pressure reading of at least 0.3 to 0.15 inches.

See Tips, Page 13

INDEX AEB Hotline...........................23 Business.............................6--7 Calendar.................................9 Classified..............................20 Nuggets..................................8 Viewpoint................................4 A directory of Poultry Times advertisers appears on Page 23

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POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

2013 was record year for exports of U.S. poultry and eggs STONE MOUNTAIN, Ga. — U.S. poultry and egg exports reached a new record in value in 2013, up 3 percent from 2012 to $5.862 billion, according to yearend trade data released recently by the USDA’s Foreign Agricultural Service and compiled by the USA Poultry & Egg Export Council. Also, 2013 was a record-setting year for exports of U.S. chicken and turkey. Combined export value climbed to $5.527 billion, 1.3 percent ahead of 2012, while export quantity was 4.1 million metric tons, up 1 percent. Meanwhile, total U.S. egg exports last year (table eggs plus processed egg products in shell-egg equivalents) reached new records of 349 million dozen, an increase of 27 percent, with a value of $335.4 million, also up 27 percent from 2012. For the first time, Mexico was the top U.S. chicken, turkey and egg exports, with combined exports reaching nearly $1.3 billion, up 16.7 percent. Exports of U.S. broiler meat (excluding chicken paws) for 2013 also set records in quantity and value — 3.3 million tons valued at $4.3 billion, up 1 percent and 2 percent, respectively. Top markets for U.S. broiler meat were Mexico, up 14 percent to 637,049 tons; Russia, up 4 percent to 276,127 tons; Angola, up 14 percent to 206,868 tons; and Canada, down 2 percent to 168,793 tons. Exports to other important markets were Iraq, 164,707 tons, up 24 percent; Cuba, 138,933 tons, down 8 percent; China, 131,133 tons, up 38 percent, Taiwan, 96,233 tons, down 19 percent; Georgia, 86,280 tons, up 4 percent; and Guatemala, 78,777 tons, up 12 percent. Exports of chicken paws in 2013 reached 299,833 tons, a decrease of 18 percent from the previous year, while export value was $372.6 million, down 17 percent. Of total paw shipments, 50 percent went to

Source: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service GATS database

Broilers: U.S. broiler (including paws) exports since 1990.

China, up 3.8 percent from 2012, and 34 percent went to Hong Kong, down 47 percent. Total broiler meat (including paws) exports in 2013 were 3.6 million tons valued at $4.6 billion, 43 percent of which went to the top five markets of Mexico, China, Russia, Angola and Hong Kong. Although exports of U.S. turkey last year slipped by 5 percent to 343,814 tons, value rocketed to a record of $687 million, up by 1 percent from 2012, according to FAS statistics. As it has for more than two decades, Mexico remains the top destination for U.S. turkey. Shipments to Mexico last year dipped by 1 percent to 185,898 tons, while value rose by 2 percent to $379.6 million. Exports to second-leading market China, meanwhile, fell by 6 percent to 43,240 tons, while value inched up by 1 percent to $71.1 million. The top five markets of Mexico, China, Canada, the Philippines and Benin accounted for 75 percent of total U.S. turkey exports, with Mexico alone accounting for 54 percent. Exports of U.S. table eggs in 2013 were an all-time high — 187.93 million dozen valued at $184.24

million, up 47.7 percent and 50.4 percent from 2012, respectively — thanks largely to increased shipments to Mexico, Canada, Hong Kong and Trinidad and Tobago. The top markets for U.S. table eggs in 2013 were Mexico, 62.2 million dozen, up from 17 million dozen in 2012; Hong Kong, 51.4 million dozen, up 11 percent; Canada, 39.3 million dozen, up 50 percent; the U.A.E. (United Arab Emirates), 11.4 million dozen, down 11 percent; the European Union, 8.6 million dozen, down 2 percent. For U.S. processed egg products, 2013 was also a record year for exports, rising 7 percent over 2012 to $151.2 million. Exports to top market Japan increased by 11 percent to $50.2 million, accounting for 33 percent of the U.S. total export value of egg products. Exports to Mexico, meanwhile, rose by 129 percent to $37.7 million, while export value to the EU decreased by 60 percent to $15.5 million. Exports to Canada increased 50 percent to $14.4 million, while exports to Hong Kong were up 22 percent to $3.9 million. More information can be obtained from the USA Poultry & Egg Export Council at www.usapeec.org.

Source: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service GATS database

Turkey: U.S. turkey exports since 1990.

Source: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service GATS database

Eggs: U.S. exports of table eggs and egg products (in shell egg equivalents) since 1990.

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POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

Viewpoint Compiled by Barbara Olejnik, Associate Editor 770-718-3440 bolejnik@poultrytimes.net

Regulatory climate in California is not new By Debbie Murdock Special to Poultry Times

SACRAMENTO, Calif. — There has been a lot of media coverage recently regarding the filing of a lawsuit by the Missouri Attorney General challenging California’s egg laws and regulations. While that battle will be Murdock fought in the court room in the coming months, currently, all egg farmers who sell eggs in California must comply with California regulations. Since July 1,

2013, California egg safety regulations require mandatory salmonella vaccination of hens as well as SE chick paper testing and four environmental tests to protect the health and safety of the state’s 38 million residents. California’s egg farmers have long been at the forefront of developing programs and practices to aggressively combat the spread of foodborne pathogens to protect public health, maintain consumer confidence and sell safe, fresh, wholesome eggs. The pinnacle of California’s efforts to protect California’s consumers was the creation of the California Egg Quality Assurance Program. California egg farmers worked with the California Department of Food and Agriculture, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the University of California

Cooperative Extension, the California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, the California Department of Health Services, the U.S. Food & Drug Administration, accredited poultry veterinarians and shell egg farmers to develop this award-winning program. It was established in response to an increase in salmonella outbreaks in the early 1990’s. The proof California was and continues to be headed in the right direction? California egg farmers have not experienced one SE traceback associated with human illness in approximately 14 years. The same cannot be said for some other egg producing states. More recently, the California Shell Egg Advisory Committee made up of egg producers and handlers has been working with CDFA’s Egg Safety and Quality Management program which oversees egg inspections to develop and implement a thorough audit program to further protect consumer health. The audit program is similar to the FDA SE Food Safety Audit as well as a United Egg Producers Five Star. CDFA is in the process of fine Debbie Murdock is the executive director of the Association of California Egg Farmers (ACEF), a nonprofit statewide trade association representing the state’s egg producers.

You’re smarter than an ad campaign By Sue McCrum

from how I live my life every day. I’m part of a fifth generation potato and grain farm in Northern Maine. Our family farm dates back to 1886. And, I take it personally when misinformation misleads Americans about their food supply. I am fortunate to have just spent the past four days in Washington, D.C., at the USDAAgricultural Outlook Forum. I represented American

Agri-Women at the conference and met with others who know that 98 percent of the farms in the United MARS HILL, Maine — My email States are family owned. My family box was filling up. Comments were and the generations before us have coming in. What was all the chatter worked the same lands to help feed about? Another attempt to influence America and the world. what Americans think about agriculWe go about our days, providing ture — this time through a restaurant the most abundant, safe and affordchain’s ad campaign. Here’s my view able food this world has to offer. We and it’s not an ad campaign. It comes do this with past knowledge and the use of proven sound scientific Sue McCrum is president of American Agri-Women, the nation’s largest facts. When we rise in the morning coalition of farm, ranch and agribusiness women with more than 50 state, to check on our crops and livestock, commodity and agribusiness affiliate organizations throughout the country. It is an all-volunteer organization, working to advocate for agriculture See McCrum, Page 5 since 1974 Special to Poultry Times

“ ‘California egg farmers have not experienced one SE trace-back associated with human illness in approximately 14 years.’ Debbie Murdock

CEFA executive director

tuning the audit program which also includes a penalty matrix for regulatory violations. Meanwhile, federal egg safety regulations do not require two of the five environmental tests as well as the vaccination of hens mandated by California regulations. For egg farmers located outside of

California’s borders, they must realize that complying with these laws and regulations is simply the cost of doing business in the nation’s most populous state. The reality is that all

See Murdock, Page 5

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POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

•Murdock (Continued from page 4)

states have a right to enforce health and sanitation practices pertaining to food processing for products produced and/or sold in those states. Protecting the status quo will no longer satisfy retail customers, savvy consumers or an increasingly demanding food service industry. Additionally, consumers continue to move further away from any

connection to the farm, while dramatically increasing their interest in the farm and animal practices used to produce their food as witnessed in the budding Farm-to-Fork movement and growing popularity of local farmers markets. Yes, consumers want safe, affordable food but they also want to be confident that the animals, employees and the environment used to produce these products are treated responsibly.

Clearly, California is different from many other states — it has one of the world’s largest agricultural economies and is home to 38 million residents or one out of every eight U.S. residents. California’s egg farmers have long recognized the realities of doing business in the state and over the years, it has earned the trust and confidence of the state’s residents to provide a safe, wholesome supply of fresh eggs.

a good citizen from our town comes to watch what we are doing on our farm throughout our different seasons. Our doors are wide open to visitors because we have pride in what we raise on our farm. We pay our taxes. We are good citizens. Don’t be fooled by Hollywood productions or slick marketing campaigns that are aimed at an uninformed consumer. And, for us in agriculture, we need to guard against misinformation - attacks - that pit us against each other. As Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack has said, “Our value system here in the United States is fueled by farmers and ranchers with their good stewardship of rural lands which are passed on to the next generation.” We are the people who have fed the American people for

generations. We have always been your “local food producers.” America, you are SMARTER than an ad campaign! How fortunate that here in the U.S. we have an abundant and safe food supply. You are allowed to purchase whatever food you want. Let’s be grateful for that. I speak for thousands of women in agriculture and their families as I make this statement. “We live on our family farms. We eat what is grown here and drink the water.” For real facts about agriculture and where your food comes from, I encourage you to visit Food Dialogues, www.fooddialogues.com/ foodsource. And please join and my fellow American Agri-Women in being A Force for Truth about Agriculture, www.americanagriwomen. org.

•McCrum (Continued from page 4)

there is a sense of pride and excitement as that sun rises to greet us. We wave to our neighbors and those going by on the highway. We meet with those who work for us. We put our children on the bus, headed for school. Some of us wave goodbye as we head to off-farm jobs. We head down the road in winter and help plow snow out of a neighbor’s yard. We attend school board meetings and participate as members of the local town councils. We volunteer in Girl/Boy scouts, 4-H and any other program offered in our communities. Our family-owned lands are shared with snowmobilers, hunters and fishermen during the different seasons of the year. And, yes, many

Obituary Jack B. Self JACKSON, Miss. — Jack B. Self, who served as vice president of operations-production for Cal-Maine Foods Inc., died Feb. 15. He was 84. Mr. Self graduated from Auburn University and then began a 63-year career in the poultry industry. He joined Cal-Maine Foods in 1968, and was origi-

nally stationed at the Mendenhall, Miss., production unit. Most of Cal-Maine’s management implement production programs were designed by Mr. Self. In later years, he had operational responsibility for Alabama, Louisiana and Mississippi locations. Survivors include his wife Shirley; sisters Carol Gray and Margaret Williams; daughter and son-in-law Jan and Jim Bass; and several step children and grandchildren.

NCC releases its 2014 Animal Welfare Guidelines WASHINGTON — Consumers want to be sure that all animals being raised for food are treated with respect and are properly cared for during their lives, states the National Chicken Council, adding that the people and companies involved in raising chickens for food share the public’s concern. To assist chicken producers and processors in this effort, NCC in 1999 developed the NCC Animal Welfare Guidelines and Audit Checklist which have been widely adopted by chicken farmers and processors to ensure all U.S. chickens are being properly cared for and treated humanely. Periodically revised, the guidelines cover every phase of a chicken’s life and offer the most up-to-date, science-based recommendations for the proper treatment and humane care of broiler chickens — those chickens raised for meat. NCC notes that the U.S. national broiler flock is incredibly healthy and is the envy of the world. Mortality and condemnation rates for broilers, the most sensitive indicators of the health and well-being of any flock, are at historical lows. Building on that success, the 2014 update of the NCC Animal Welfare Guidelines has more substance than ever before and incorporates new parameters to improve bird welfare. The new guidelines include a whistleblower protection, more assistance for training programs for proper handling, more documentation and monitoring of various practices and a more streamlined auditing tool for ease of auditing. “The chicken industry has come together on a specific set of expectations that will continue to ensure the birds we raise are taken care of with the highest standards starting at hatch,” said NCC President Mike Brown. The guidelines were updated with assistance from an academic advisory panel consisting of poul-

try welfare experts and veterinarians from across the United States. They included: Dr. Sarge Bilgili, professor and Extension poultry scientist, Auburn University; Dr. Michael Hulet, associate professor of poultry science, Pennsylvania State University; Dr. Joy Mench, professor of animal science, University of California, Davis; Dr. Tony Pescatore, professor of poultry production and management, University of Kentucky; Dr. Yvonne Thaxton, professor and director, Center for Food Animal Well Being, University of Arkansas; and Dr. Bruce Webster, professor and Extension coordinator, Poultry Science Department, University of Georgia. “We are very pleased with the inclusion of many of the panel’s recommendations into this revision,” said Bilgili, who was chairman of the academic advisory panel. “As a result, the NCC Animal Welfare Program is significantly improved and, more importantly, the continued well-being of broiler chickens will be assured.” The new guidelines also: yy Increase emphasis on corporate commitment; yy Require internal and external auditing for animal welfare; yy Require increased oversight by veterinarians, service technicians and live production managers; yy Provide more details on acceptable euthanasia practices from the hatchery to the processing plant; yy Provide new requirements to make sure the chickens are properly monitored for healthy legs; yy Require stunning procedures to be more effective; yy Change the audit scoring system to emphasize each step on the process from the hatchery to the processing plant; and yy Highlight the implications of non-conformances to the guidelines.

POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

Business Compiled by David B. Strickland, Editor 770-718-3442 dstrickland@poultrytimes.net

U.S. consumers want more protein in their diets Eggs, chicken and yogurt top growing protein sources CHICAGO — The majority of U.S. consumers (78 percent) agree that protein contributes to a healthy diet and more than half of adults say they want more of it in their diets, reports The NPD Group, a leading global information company. In their quest for more protein, about half of consumers say nonmeat sources are best and the other half consider meat and fish the best source of protein, according to recent NPD food and beverage research. Those consumers willing to look beyond meat in order to meet their protein needs are motivated by health-related reasons, finds the recently released NPD report “Protein Perceptions and Needs.” The reasons often mentioned by Flexible Protein Users as barriers to getting more protein are that many sources of protein contain fat, are high in calories, or are too expensive. NPD reports that some of these perceived barriers could be at play for the beef category, which is not seeing the same consumption increases seen with other protein sources, like eggs, chicken, yogurt and nuts/seeds. The challenges for beef might be more about perception, since nearly half of primary grocery shoppers view animal protein as the best source of protein.

“Consumers want more protein in their diets. In fact, the only issue that U.S. adults are now checking on the Nutrition Facts label on the back of foods and beverages is the amount of protein,” says Harry Balzer, chief industry analyst and author of Eating Patterns in America. “While our interest in protein is growing, we’re looking for alternatives to meat. Many of us are looking to lower the cost of our protein sources, and animal meat is generally more expensive than plant-based protein, which explains the growth in Greek yogurt and other alternate protein sources.” While there is widespread agreement among consumers that protein is necessary in a healthy diet, there is much confusion over the optimal amount of protein that should be consumed on a typical day. NPD finds that more than threequarters of primary grocery shoppers say protein contributes to a healthy diet, but almost as many say they are unsure of the recommended daily amount. “It is important for food and beverage marketers to highlight wherever possible that their products are a good source of lean protein. In fact, the protein study we conducted showed certain messages about protein resonated more than others,” says Darren Seifer, NPD food and beverage industry analyst and co-author of the “Protein Perceptions and Needs”

See Protein, Page 7

Other Business News Perdue given Va. agribusiness award SALISBURY, Md. — Perdue AgriBusiness LLC has been awarded the Virginia Agribusiness Council’s 2014 Agribusiness of the Year Award. Council President Katie Frazier presented the award during the Governor’s Conference on Agricultural Trade, at the Downtown Richmond Marriott hotel. The award is presented annually to a council member organization for outstanding service to the agribusiness industry and the council. As an industry leader in the grain and soybean business, Perdue AgriBusiness, which is headquartered in Salisbury, Md., has steadily grown from a few small grain-receiving facilities to a recognized leader in global exporting and marketing, the group noted. The company maintains grain receiving and storage facilities throughout Virginia, and with its deepwater port in Chesapeake, Perdue ships grain products from Virginia all across the globe. According to Virginia Secretary of Agriculture and Forestry Todd Haymore, 2013 was a record-breaking year for Virginia’s agricultural exports, and Perdue has been a leader in the growth the industry has experienced recently. “Perdue AgriBusiness, through its network of first-class producers and storage facilities in Virginia, has long been a recognized leader in grain and soybean production in the commonwealth,” Haymore said. “Now, the company is developing a global reputation as a key supplier of these valuable commodities. Indeed, with increased exports to the Far East, Europe, Northern Africa and Latin America from its outstanding export facility in Chesapeake, Perdue has been a key player over the last few years in helping elevate the commonwealth’s position in the global marketplace as a top agricultural producer.” “Perdue AgriBusiness has consistently demonstrated their com-

mitment to the growth and success of Virginia’s agribusiness industry and has risen to become a leader of the year in the commonwealth’s number one industry of agriculture and forestry,” Frazier said. “We are pleased to recognize Perdue AgriBusiness for their long-standing contributions to both the council and Virginia agribusinesses, and look forward to a bright future for the company and their industry partners.” “Receiving this prestigious award is a tribute to not only our International team, but also the Domestic Grain, Soy, Transportation and Operations teams,” said Dick Willey, president of Perdue AgriBusiness. “Together, these groups have worked diligently over the past several years to expand our export business. They originate grain, produce high quality soy products, and transport and handle those products efficiently. They gave us access to world customers and have grown the business in Virginia.” More information can be obtained at www.perdueagribusiness. com.

Perdue & Relay for Life LEWISTON, N.C. — Perdue Farms has also been recognized by the American Cancer Society as a regional and national leader in supporting the fight against cancer. Associates at the company’s Lewiston, N.C., facility were honored with several awards for their 2013 participation in Relay For Life, including Team of Excellence, South Atlantic Division Top Team and National Top Ten Team. Perdue ranks seventh in the nation among all Relay For Life fundraising teams. Perdue Farms has been a major sponsor of Relay For Life of Bertie County since 1995. Chaired by Arthur Johnson, the 2013 event included 94 registered teams and 1,256 registered participants. The event raised $238,652 with the Per-

due team raising $127,170. Since 2009, Perdue has also offered its employees the opportunity to donate to the American Cancer Society through payroll deduction. Through Relay For Life and workplace giving, the company and its associates have donated nearly $675,000 over the years. “Perdue Farms is a tremendous supporter of the fight against cancer,” said Shari Henning, executive vice president and operating officer, South Atlantic Division, American Cancer Society. “The leadership and dedication demonstrated not only by their management, but all of their associates, is outstanding. Their efforts allow us to conduct lifesaving research and to provide programs and services for individuals facing cancer and their caregivers. Together, we are working to finish this fight.” In addition to fundraising, Perdue is committed to supporting the society’s mission, the company noted. It educates its employees about programs and services focusing on cancer prevention and early detection. The Lewiston facility was recently a host site for the society’s Cancer Prevention Study 3, which enrolled more than 300,000 volunteers in a historic nationwide study designed to better understand the lifestyle, environmental and genetic factors that cause or prevent cancer. “We’re very proud of our associates’ commitment to the fight against cancer here in Lewiston through the Bertie County Relay for Life,” said Jeff Stalls, director of operations for Perdue Farms in Lewiston. “The compassion they show through their giving and participation in activities to support the American Cancer Society mission is inspiring. These awards reflect the character of our associates and their passion for giving back to the community in which they live and work.” (Continued on next page)

POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014 (Continued from previous page)

More information about Perdue can be obtained at www.perduefarms.com. More information about the American Cancer Society can be obtained at www.cancer.org.

Sanderson reports first quarter results LAUREL, Miss. — Sanderson Farms Inc. has recently reported results for the first quarter of fiscal year 2014 ended Jan. 31, 2014. Net sales for the first quarter of fiscal 2014 were $584.9 million compared with $595.8 million for the same period a year ago. For the quarter, the company reported net income of $28.9 million, or $1.25 per share, compared with a net loss of $6.9 million, or 31 cents per share, for the first quarter of fiscal 2013. The company also announced that its board of directors has extended to Feb. 24, 2017, its stock repurchase program approved Feb. 16, 2012, to repurchase up to 1 million shares from time to time at prevailing prices in open market transactions or in negotiated purchases, subject to market conditions, share price and other considerations. “Our results for the first quarter of fiscal 2014 marked a solid start to the fiscal year,” said Joe F. Sanderson Jr., chairman and CEO of Sanderson Farms Inc. “While poultry market prices were mixed compared to the same period a year ago, our grain costs were lower. Retail grocery store demand for chicken has remained steady. However, we continue to see weak food service demand, which remains under pressure as a result of macroeconomic

conditions and was also affected by weather during our first fiscal quarter. “Weather also affected our first quarter results as we were forced to close several of our plants during the last week of January due to ice and snow. While we expect lower grain prices for the fiscal year and we experienced lower feed costs during the first quarter, grain prices have moved higher during February as a result of USDA’s lower than expected corn carryout estimate reported earlier this month.” According to Sanderson, market prices for poultry products were mixed during the first quarter of fiscal 2014 compared with the same period of fiscal 2013. A simple average of the Georgia dock price for whole chickens was approximately 6.5 percent higher in the company’s first fiscal quarter compared with the same period in 2013, and currently stands near a record $1.0450 per pound. Boneless breast meat prices during the quarter were approximately 4.3 percent lower than the prior-year period. The average market price for bulk leg quarters decreased approximately 15.6 percent for the quarter compared with the same period last year. Jumbo wing prices were lower by 40.7 percent compared with last year’s first fiscal quarter, down from the record high $1.92 per pound the week before the Super Bowl last year. The company’s average feed cost per pound of poultry products processed decreased 25.1 percent compared with the first quarter of fiscal 2013, and prices paid for corn and soybean meal, the company’s primary feed ingredients, decreased 38.8 percent and 12.8 percent, respectively, compared with the first quarter of fiscal 2013, he added.

•Protein (Continued from page 6)

report. “The study also found nearly half of primary grocery shoppers have purchased protein-enriched

foods, and many are willing to pay, or have already paid a premium for these products.” More information from The NPD Group can be obtained at www.npd. com.

“We expect market conditions in the retail grocery store market to remain strong as chicken will compete once again during 2014 with high priced beef and pork,” Sanderson said. “While we benefited during the summer of 2013 from menu shifts toward chicken items, and away from relatively high priced beef at foodservice establishments, whether or not we get a similar benefit during 2014 is yet to be seen. “The record corn crop harvested in the United States last fall has taken pressure off the United States and world corn stocks to use ratio for 2014, but a lower than expected carryout of corn at the end of the 2014 crop year estimated by the USDA in February has caused market prices for both corn and soybean meal to move higher. Despite this increase in the grain market, had we priced all of our grain needs at current prices yesterday, our grain costs would be lower by $153 million during fiscal 2014 compared to fiscal 2013.” “While broiler egg sets have been higher than the previous year’s levels most every week since last August, the industry remains constrained by limited breeder stock supplies,” he added. “As a result, we don’t expect a significant increase in domestic chicken production until the second half of calendar 2014 at the earliest. Healthy, fully employed and confident American consumers could easily absorb the additional chicken production indicated by higher broiler egg sets if we see further improvement in macroeconomic conditions. “Construction continues on our new Palestine, Texas, complex, and we are looking forward to the opportunities the new facility will create. While weather has delayed construction to some extent, we remain on schedule to begin operations at the new facility during the first calendar quarter of 2015.” Commenting on the stock repurchase program, Sanderson said, “As in the past, we plan to use our stock repurchase program in part to offset shares issued through our equity compensation plans. We believe this program represents a good use of corporate funds while minimiz-

Business ing potential dilution related to our equity compensation programs.” More information about Sanderson Farms can be obtained at www. sandersonfarms.com.

Maple Leaf notes quarterly results TORONTO — Maple Leaf Foods Inc. has recently reported its financial results for the fourth quarter and full year ended Dec. 31, 2013. Adjusted Operating Earnings for the fourth quarter was a loss of $21.7 million compared to Adjusted Operating Earnings of $70 million last year. Year-to-date Adjusted Operating Earnings were a loss of $12.3 million compared to Adjusted Operating Earnings of $172 million last year. “We are in a peak phase of executing our prepared meats network strategy, which added tremendous costs and inefficiency in the quarter as we ramped up five new facilities while continuing to operate our parallel older plants,” said Michael H. McCain, president and CEO of Maple Leaf Foods. “As expected, this is causing short-term earnings volatility, which was compounded

by weak protein markets.” Meat Products Group sales for the fourth quarter declined 1.1 percent to $742.7 million from $751.4 million last year. After adjusting for the impact of divesting the company’s potato processing operations and poultry agricultural operations, and the impact of foreign exchange, sales increased 0.7 percent, the company noted. Increased prepared meats volumes and higher pricing in fresh pork more than offset lower pricing in fresh poultry and lower fresh pork volumes. Full year sales declined 4 percent, or 2.1 percent after adjusting for the impact of divestitures and foreign exchange, primarily due to lower volumes in the fresh pork and prepared meats businesses, the company said. Partly offsetting this was the benefit of higher commodity prices in fresh pork, price increases in the fresh poultry and prepared meats businesses and higher fresh poultry volumes. Earnings in fresh poultry declined due to lower primary processing spreads and inflationary costs that were only partly offset by higher earnings from value-added sales, Maple Leaf Foods noted. More information can be obtained at www.mapleleaffoods.com.

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POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

Nuggets Compiled by Barbara Olejnik, Associate Editor 770-718-3440 bolejnik@poultrytimes.net

BELGIUM Int’l. Poultry Council to meet in Istanbul BRUSSELS — The International Poultry Council has opened registration for its first-semester 2014 meeting, set for April 30 through May 2 at the InterContinental Istanbul Hotel. Confirmed speakers include Dr. Alejandro Thiermann, president of the Terrestrial Animal Health Standards Commission of the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). Thiermann will give an update on OIE standards and their impact on international poultry trade. Also, Adriaan Weststrate of Rabobank International, will discuss the global poultry and feed outlook, and Christophe Gottar of Sealed Air Corp. will give a talk on packaging innovations and their impact on food safety and branding. Other program highlights include a panel discussion on reducing campylobacter in poultry, a presentation on halal food standards by a representative of the Standards and Metrology Institute for Islamic Countries, and an overview of the Turkish poultry industry. The Poultry Meat Producers and Breeders Association of Turkey (BESD-BIR) will be the host organization for the Istanbul meeting, and will sponsor a dinner cruise on the Bosphorus for IPC members. The IPC has been officially recognized by the OIE, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the U.N. and the Codex Alimentarius Commission as the single organization representing the global poultry production industry.

Members of the IPC will provide regulatory updates on issues pending before OIE, FAO and the Codex, and will give presentations on the status of the poultry industries in their individual countries. Online registration for the meeting is available at the www.internationalpoultrycouncil.org. Registration is $570 per person, and the InterContinental has granted a special IPC hotel room rate for attendees. For additional information, contact IPC Secretary General George Watts at secgen@internationalpoultrycouncil.org.

D.C. New label laws are conference focus WASHINGTON — A new federal generic label approval process and new nutrition guidelines are among the issues to be discussed at the Federal Food Regulatory Conference to be held here April 28-29. The conference, sponsored by Prime Label Consultants, features two days of general sessions and breakout workgroup sessions. It provides experts and professionals a venue to discuss the latest in food labeling. General sessions topics include USDA/Food Safety & Inspection Service and Food & Drug Administration regulatory and labeling updates, the proposed Food Labeling Modernization Act, and FDA versus USDA in label policing, enforcement and risk reduction. Optional pre- and post-conference training courses will also be available. More information can be obtained

by contacting Prime Label Consultants, 536 Seventh St., S.E., Washington, D.C. 20003; 202-546-3333; conference@primelabel.com. m m m

Conference to focus on farm, food policy WASHINGTON — The American Farmland Trust has announced that the Farmland, Food and Livable Communities Conference will be held Oct. 20-22 in Lexington. The conference will bring together experts from around the country for the first nationwide conference focused on farming, land use and food policy. “Nationally, we have been losing one acre of farmland every minute to other uses,” said Andrew McElwaine, president and CEO of AFT. “With some of the most productive farmland in the world, the United States must be part of the solution to hunger here at home and around the world,and to do that, we must find creative ways to protect farmland and the farmers who sustain us.” The conference program will address four principal themes: (1) Ensuring high quality farmland is available and affordable for agriculture, (2) Supporting agricultural viability and a fair and just food system; (3) Creating opportunities for the next generation of farmers; and (4) Emerging issues for women in agriculture. More information can be obtained at American Farmland Trust, 1150 Connecticut Ave., Suite 600, Washington, D.C. 20036; 202-3317300; info@farmland.org; www. farmland.org.

DELAWARE Delmarva gears up for Chicken Festival GEORGETOWN — The Delmarva Chicken Festival will return to Queen Anne’s County, Md., for its 65th run on June 20-21. The festival will take place at the county 4-H

Park near Centerville, Md. A schedule of family entertainment will feature the festival’s trademark 10-foot giant fry pan, other food concessions, an arts and crafts show, business and agricultural expo, live entertainment and carnival rides and games. There will also be educational poultry-related displays, the baby chick exhibit, children’s activities, classic car show and a “Chickin’ Pickin’ competition. More information can be obtained by contacting the Delmarva Poultry Industry Inc. at 800-878-2449, dpi@dpichicken.com, www.dpichicken.org; or the Queen Anne’s County Department of Economic Development & Tourism at 410604-2100, dbirch@qac.org.

GEORGIA Workshop to focus on management TUCKER, Ga. — Plant managers are constantly seeking efficient ways to achieve the most productivity from their plants. The 2014 Poultry Processor Workshop will provide the necessary tools to help them do just that by providing information about the New USDA Inspection Rule and Impact on Poultry Processing, Water Conservation, Energy Alternatives and Raw Parts Interventions for Reducing Contamination. Sponsored by U.S. Poultry & Egg Association, this year’s conference will be held May 14-15, at the Embassy Suites Centennial Olympic Park in Atlanta, Ga. Other topics include: FSMA Proposed Rule on Animal Foods and Feeds: Rule Overview/Sanitary Transport/Processing Finished Product and Rendered Finish Product; Animal Welfare Guidelines; Allergen Testing/Labeling Re-

quirements; Air Balancing: Condensation Issues and Equipment for Improvement; Equipment Design: Team Member Safety and New Design for Improved Product Safety; Energy Alternatives: Cost Saving Analysis, Litter for Energy Use, and Methane Gas Use for Boilers; and Salmonella Serotypes as Adulterants in Ground Poultry. The agenda was developed by a program committee of plant managers, food safety and quality assurance professionals. The committee consisted of the following: Tim Daniel, Peco Foods; Jeff Davis, Perdue Farms Inc.; and Scott Stillwell, Tyson Foods Inc. For a full agenda and to register for the workshop, visit www.uspoultry.org.

TENNESSEE Golf tournament aids scholarships SHELBYVILLE — The 2014 Tennessee Poultry Association Golf Tournament & Seminar will be held April 24 at the Windtree Golf Course in Mt. Juliet, Tenn. The golf tournament is a fundraising event for scholarships for poultry science students. The tournament will begin with a shotgun start at 1 p.m. A complimentary seminar will be held at 10 a.m. in the golf course clubhouse. Bryan Walker of Steritech will discuss “Pest Management in Food Production” and Bruce Campbell of AFCO will speak on “Strategies to Improve Product Shelf-Life.” More information can be obtained by contacting Tracy at the Tennessee Poultry Association, P.O. Box 1525, Shelbyville, Tenn. 37162-1525; 931-225-1116; info@ tnpoultry.org.

POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

Calendar Compiled by Barbara Olejnik, Associate Editor 770-718-3440 bolejnik@poultrytimes.net

APR 4 — OPA ANNUAL INDUSTRY CELEBRATION & BANQUET, Columbus, Ohio. Contact: Ohio Poultry Association, 5930 Sharon Woods Blvd., Columbus, Ohio 43229. Ph: 614-882-6111; jchakeres@ohiopoultry.org; www.ohiopoultry.org. APR 9-10 — AMI CONF. on WORKER SAFETY, HUMAN RESOURCES & THE ENVIRONMENT., Westin Crown Center, Kansas City, Mo. Contact: American Meat Institute, 1150 Connecticut Ave., N.W., 12th Floor, Washington, D.C. 20036. Ph: 202-587-4242; www.meatami.com. APR 14-16 — HUMAN RESOURCES SMNR., Sonesta Resort, Hilton Head Island, S.C. Contact: U.S. Poultry & Egg Association, 1530 Cooledge Road, Tucker, Ga . 300847303, Ph: 770-493-9401; seminar@ uspoultry.org; www.uspoultry.org. 14-17 — AFIA/KSU HACCP APR PROGRAM FOR THE FEED INDUSTRY, Hilton Garden Inn, Manhattan, Kan. Contact: American Feed Industry Association, 2101 Wilson Blvd., Suite 916, Arlington, Va. 22201. Ph: 703-524-0810; afia@afia.org; www.afia.org. APR 15-16 — EGG INDUSTRY ISSUES FORUM, Radisson Indianapolis Airport Hotel, Indianapolis, Inc. Contact: Egg Industry Center, Iowa State University, 201 Kildee Hall, Ames, Iowa 50011-3150. Ph: 515-2948587; www.eggindustrycenter.org. 16 — DELMARVA POULTRY APR BOOSTER BANQUET, Wicomico Youth & Civic Center, Salisbury, Md. Contact: Delmarva Poultry Industry Inc., 16686 County Seat Hwy., Georgetown, Del. 19947-4881; dpi@ dpichicken.com; www.dpichicken.com. APR 16 — DEEP SOUTH POULTRY CONF., Tifton Campus Conference Center, Tifton, Ga. Contact: University of Georgia, Poultry Science Department, 211 Poultry Science Building, Athens, Ga. 30602-4356. Ph: 706-542-1371. APR 24 — TPA GOLF TOURNEY & SEMINAR, Windtree Golf Course, Mt. Juliet, Tenn. Contact: Tracy, Tennessee Poultry Association, 931225-1116 or info@tnpoultry.org. APR 28-29 — FEDERAL FOOD REGULATORY CONF., Embassy Suites Hotel, Washington, D.C. Contact: Prime Label Consultants, 536 7th St., S.E., Washington, D.C. 20003; 202-546-

4444;

conference@primelabel.com.

29-30 — AFIA/FAMI-QS APR AWARENESS IN FEED SAFETY, Doubletree, Des Moines, Iowa. Contact: American Feed Industry Association, 2101 Wilson Blvd., Suite 916, Arlington, Va. 22201. Ph: 703524-0810; afia@afia.org; www.afia.org. APR 30-May 1 — NGA DAY IN WASHINGTON, Washington, D.C. Contact: National Grocers Association, 1005 N. Glebe Road, Suite 250, Arlington, Va. 22201-5758. Ph: 703516-0700; amamone@nationalgrocers.org; www.nationalgrocers.org 30-May 1 — FMI DAY IN APR WASHINGTON, Mayflower Renaissance Washington Hotel, Washington, D.C. Contact: Food Marketing Institute, 2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 800, Arlington, Va. 22202-4813. Ph: 202-4528444; fmi@fmi.org; www.fmi.org. 1-2 — NATIONAL BREEDERS MAY ROUNDTABLE, Airport Marriott Hotel, St. Louis, Mo. Contact: U.S. Poultry & Egg Association, 1530 Cooledge Road, Tucker, Ga . 300847303, Ph: 770-493-9401; seminar@ uspoultry.org; www.uspoultry.org. MAY 2 - GPF ANNUAL SPRING MTNG., Brasstown Valley Resort, Young Harris, Ga. Contact: Georgia Poultry Federation, P.O. Box 763, Gainesville, Ga. 30503. Ph: 770-532-0473; claudette@gapf.org. 5-6 — MIDWEST BROILER & MAY TURKEY HEALTH MANAGEMENT SCHOOLS, Columbia, Mo. Contact: salvarez@westernu.edu. MAY 7-8 — MIDWEST LAYER HEALTH MANAGEMENT SCHOOL, Columbia, Mo. Contact: salvarez@westernu.edu. MAY 8-9 - ANIMAL AGRICULTURE ALLIANCE STAKEHOLDER MTNG., Arlington, Va. Contact: Animal Agriculture Alliance, 2101 Wilson Blvd., Suite 916-B, Arlington, VA 22201. Ph: 703-562-5160; info@animalagalliance.org; www.animalagalliance.org. 12-14 — UPE LEGISLATIVE MAY BOARD MTNG., Washington, D.C. Contact: United Egg Producers, 1720 Windward Concourse, Suite 230, Alpharetta, Ga. 30005. Ph: 770360-9220; www.unitedegg.com. MAY 14 — VPF HEALTH & MANAGEMENT SMNR., Harrisonburg, Va. Contact: Virginia Poultry Federation, P.O. Box 2277, Harrisonburg, Va. 22801; hobey@

vapoultry. com; www.vapoultry.com. MAY 14-15 — POULTRY PROCESSOR WKSHP., Embassy Suites Atlanta Centennial Olympic Park, Atlanta, Ga. Contact: U.S. Poultry & Egg Association, 1530 Cooledge Road, Tucker, Ga . 30084-7303, Ph: 770-493-9401; seminar@uspoultry.org; www.uspoultry.org. MAY 15 — VPF FRIENDS OF FEATHERS GOLF TOURNEY., Harrisonburg, Va. Contact: Virginia Poultry Federation, P.O. Box 2277, Harrisonburg, Va. 22801; hobey@ vapoultry. com; www.vapoultry.com. MAY 18-21 — ALLTECH INT’L. SYMPSM., Lexington, Ky. Contact: Alltech International, 3031 Catnip Hill Pike, Nicholasville, Ky. 40356; www.alltech.com/symposiium; symposium@alltech.com. 19-20 MAY — NATIONAL EGG QUALITY SCHOOL, Holiday Inn Capitol Plaza, Sacramento, Calif. Contact: Denna Baldwin, program manager, Maryland Department of Agriculture, Food Quality Assurance Program, 50 Harry S. Truman Pkwy., Annapolis, Md. 21401. Ph: 410-8415769; denna.baldwin@maryland.gov. MAY 20-22 — MULTI-STATE POULTRY FEEDING & NUTRITION CONF., Marriott East, Indianapolis, Ind. Contact: tlrobertson@purdue.edu. MAY 22 — ISPA GOLF OUTING, Carmel, Ind. Contact: Indiana State Poultry Association, Purdue University, Animal Sciences, 915 W. State St., West Lafayette, Ind. 479072054. Ph: 765-494-8517; ispa@ purdue.edu; www.inpoultry.org. JUN 8-10 — NCC SUMMER BOARD MTNG., The Sanctuary, Kiawah Island, S.C. Contact: National Chicken Council, 1152 15th St., N.S., Suite 430, Washington, D.C. 20005. Ph: 202-296-2622; ncc@chickenusa. org; www.nationalchickencouncil.org; www.eatchicken.com. JUN 10-11 — AFIA AWARENESS IN FEED SAFETY COURSE, Des Moines, Iowa. Contact: Miranda McDanield, American Feed Industry Association, 703-558-3579, mmcdaniel@afia.org. JUN 10-12 — ITF SUMMER MTNG., Adventureland Inn, Altoona, Iowa. Contact: Iowa Turkey Federation, 535 Lincoln Way, P.O. Box 825, Ames, Iowa 50010. Ph: 515-232-7492; sheila@ iowaturkey.org; www.iowaturkey.org. JUN 15-16 — AMSA RECIPROCAL MEAT CONF., Madison, Wis. Contact: American Meat Science Assocition, P.O. Box 2187, Champaign, Ill. 61825; 800-517-AMSA. JUN 16-19 — FEED INDUSTRY INSTITUTE, The Depot Renaissance Hotel, Minneapolis, Minn. Contact: American Feed Industry Association, 2101 Wilson Blvd., Suite 916, Arlington, Va. 22201, 703-52401101921; www.afia@afia.or JUN 17-19 — EGG INDUSTRY S.E.

REGIONAL CONF., N.C., S.C., Ga., Ala., Fla., Ky., Tenn. & Va., Hilton Hotel, Kingston Plantation Resort, Myrtle Beach, S.C. Contact: Jan Kelly, 919-319-1195, egglady@ncegg.org. JUN 18 — DPI COLLEGE SCHOLARSHIP GOLF TOURNEY, Contact: Delmarva Poultry Industry Inc., 16686 County Seat Hwy., Georgetown, Del. 19947-4881; dpi@dpichicken.com; www.dpichicken.com JUN 20-21 — DELMARVA CHICKEN FESTIVAL, Queen Anne’s County 4-H Park, Centreville, Md. Contact: Delmarva Poultry Industry Inc., 16686 County Seat Hwy., Georgetown, Del. 19947-4881; dpi@dpichicken.com; www.dpichicken.com. JUN 21-21 — ITF ANNUAL MTNG. & FOOD EXPO, New Orleans Morial Convention Center, New Orleans, La. Contact: Institute of Food Technologistts, 525 W. Van Buren, Suite 1000, Chicago, Ill. 60607. Ph: 312782-8424; info@ift.org; www.ift.org. JUN 23-25 — FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SMNR., Sandestin Golf & Beach Resort, Destin, Fla. Contact: U.S. Poultry & Egg Association, 1530 Cooledge Road, Tucker, Ga . 300847303, Ph: 770-493-9401; seminar@ uspoultry.org; www.uspoultry.org. 30-Aug. 1 — AFIA/KSU JUN FUNDAMENTS OF FEED MANAGEMENT, Joint distance Education Programs, Online. Contact: American Feed Industry Association, 2101 Wilson Blvd., Suite 916, Arlington, Va. 22201. Ph: 703-524-

0810;

afia@afia.org;

www.afia.org.

8-9 — HATCHERY BREEDER JUL CLINIC, Doubletree Hotel, Nashville, Tenn. Contact: U.S. Poultry & Egg Association, 1530 Cooledge Road, Tucker, Ga . 30084-7303, Ph: 770-493-9401; seminar@ uspoultry.org; www.uspoultry.org. JUL 8-11 — ASA BOARD MTNG., Hyatt Regency, Washington, D.C. Contact: American Soybean Association 12125 Woodcrest Executive Drive, Suite 100, St. Louis, Mo. 63141. Ph: 800-688-7692; membership@ soy.org; http://soygrowers.com. JUL 9-10 — AEB MTNG., Hilton Hotel, Rosemont, Ill. Contact: American Egg Board, 1460 Renaissance Drive, Park Ridge, Ill. 60068. Ph: 847-2967043; aeb@aeb.org; www.aeb.org. JUL 14-17 —PSA ANNUAL MTNG., Omni Corpus Christi Hotel, Bayfront Tower, Corpus Christi, Texas. Contact: Poultry Science Association, 1800 S. Oak St., Suite 100,, Champaign, Ill. 61820. Ph: 217-356-5285; pas@ assochq.org; www.poultryscience.org. JUL 15-16 — INFORMATION SYSTEMS SMNR., Doubletree Hotel, Nashville, Tenn. Contact: U.S. Poultry & Egg Association, 1530 Cooledge Road, Tucker, Ga . 300847303, Ph: 770-493-9401; seminar@ uspoultry.org; www.uspoultry.org

POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

Tunnel ventilation strategies for younger birds By Jim Donald, Jess Campbell, Berry Lott & Gene Simpson

Special to Poultry Times

AUBURN, Ala. — The summer can be brutally hot in most parts of the poultry belt. Growers with properly designed and maintained tunnel ventilated houses are much better equipped to handle the hot weather. Those with conventional houses can really struggle, especially as the flock nears market age. Tunnel ventilation technology has matured and been used in the U.S. poultry belt for about 25 years. Most growers and managers have a pretty good feel of how to manage tunnel houses as birds get bigger. However, many growers and managers are less sure of how to keep small younger birds comfortable in extremely hot weather. Many of the calls we get are from growers asking something like, “If the temperature is at or above 98-100 degrees F outside and birds are only a few days old, what is the best way to get them comfortable in a tunnel house that has 6-inch cool cell pads?” Tunnel ventilation for very young birds does need to be managed differently from the way we tunnel ventilate older birds. This is why on of the old rules of thumb, “Do not tunnel ventilate birds until they are 21 days old,” came into being. Jim Donald is a professor and Extension engineer, Jess Campbell is program manager and Gene Simpson is a professor and Extension economist, all with the National Poultry Technology Center at Auburn University, Auburn, Ala. Barry Lott is a retired poultry research scientist, formerly with the USDA-Agricultural Research Service Poultry Research Unit at Mississippi State University. More information can be obtained at www.poultryhouse. com.

This rule of thumb has been around a long time. It came about to keep managers from doing more harm than good with tunnel ventilation on small birds and it cam about before we had in place the modern equipment and controls to run a tunnel house. It also came about in an era when the industry was still early on in the learning curve of understanding and managing tunnel ventilation. But experience has taught us that if we understand the basic principles of bird heat transfer when using tunnel ventilation and apply these principles correctly, tunnel can be a very valuable tool to make any age bird comfortable.

Tunnel basics Whatever the age, any bird that is panting is too warm. Panting is the natural mechanism birds use to rid themselves of excess deep body heat. When a bird gets too warm, it will also cut way back on its eating — because burning more calories makes the problem worse by adding more body heat — and consequently weight gain will suffer. There are lots of other problems that pop up when birds are hot and stay hot. The worst case of course is that extreme heat increases mortalities. Seeing lots of panting birds is the symptom that tells you the birds are out of their comfort zone and if possible something needs to be done to correct the situation. there are two basic tools that are designed into a tunnel house with cool cells. 1. Putting an airstream directly over the birds to pick up and remove body heat (wind chill); and 2. Lowering the actual temperature of house air. The house air temperature can often be lowered by just bringing in cooler air from outside. If this is not sufficient or possible (extreme hot weather, outside air temperature higher than inside target temperature) the cool cells are there to lower the incoming air temperature

by evaporative cooling. It is really pretty basic. A good tunnel ventilation management strategy generally is to use air movement and wind chill first, staging on various combinations of fans and air inlets, and turning on cool cells last. Actually the principles of tunnel ventilation for big birds and small birds are the same: Use the tunnel tools to balance the bird heat loss so as to keep the birds in their comfort zone. With big birds the mass to surface area ratio and R value of the bird’s surface are dramatically different from small birds that lack feathers or are not yet fully feathered. This is what makes managing tunnel ventilation on smaller birds a more demanding and less forgiving task. Research shows how important wind chill is in keeping birds comfortable and gaining weight. At an air temperature of 85 degrees F, 5-pound birds will be suffering from excess body heat in still air and will have to be panting to shed that excess heat. As wind speed increases, they are able to shed enough of their body heat through wind chill so that they can resume normal breathing (and eating). For birds at three weeks and older, research shows that the wind chill effect typically does not begin to result in improved weight gain or feed efficiency until wind speed gets over 200 feet per minute. The response of younger birds to tunnel air is very different. At an air temperature of 90 degrees F, the effective temperature felt by fourweek birds as tunnel wind speed increases will be 3 to 8 degrees lower than the effective temperature experienced by mature birds. The effect is even more pronounced for oneday to three-week birds because of their smaller body size and lack of feathers. The most important principle to keep in mind in ventilating younger birds is that just about anything you do to increase air movement

or reduce air temperature will have greater effect on young birds than on older birds. One-week birds in 98 degree F air will benefit from some wind chill cooling, but they don’t need nearly as much air movement or wind chill as larger birds, and if you overdo it you will chill them, which is just as bad or worse than overheating.

Ventilation strategies In managing tunnel ventilated houses (with perimeter vent doors) we always set ventilation programs to start out in the power ventilation vent door mode. As house temperature increases, more fans are turned on in an effort to cool the house off by bringing in outside air. In the vent door mode there is no wind chill cooling placed on the birds and no tunnel effect. If we can get the house near the desired target temperature, the birds will be comfortable. This works well if it is cooler outside than we want it to be inside. But in hot weather, turning on more and more fans does not lower then in-house temperature much and somewhere around 5 to 7 degrees F above target most ventilation controller programs will change the house to the tunnel mode of ventilation. This now puts a direct air stream across the birds and greatly accelerates the heat loss from the birds. If this direct airflow does not sufficiently reduce the deep body bird heat, the last step is to bring on the evaporative cooling (cool cells) and reduce the air temperature. Most of the time with larger birds after two weeks of age, the controller can handle this with very little grower intervention. Very young birds (day old to two weeks) require a slightly different strategy and closer management. First, run vent fans through perimeter inlets (tunnel curtain closed). Tunnel should be the last resort. Try to get the birds comfortable in the vent door ventilation mode. If you

cannot get the birds comfortable (still panting) consider tunnel ventilation. With very young birds tunnel needs to be done carefully. You need to be there on the farm to observe the birds. If the birds are hot they can benefit from tunnel but because they are young, very small in mass, and have few feathers, we must tunnel them gently. Two-fan tunnel ventilation with vent doors closed and tunnel inlet opened half way would be a good starting point. Windspeed with two fan tunnel might be somewhere around 100120 fpm depending on fan size and other variables. Watch the birds for at least 30 to 45 minutes to see how they react. Adding one more fan for a total of three fan tunnel (150-180 fpm wind speed) might be the next step to try. Adding any ore air speed (more fans) probably will not help much. If the birds continue to be very hot, a good tip is to cut back from three fans to two fans and consider putting a small amount of water on the pads. A good practice has been to add water to one side of the cool cells (not both sides) and this water should be limited and not continuous. Some cool cell systems have been installed so that only the first half of the system can be used. This might be an option on some farms. We like to call it tempering the air. Try to regulate the water to the pad to maintain the desired incoming air temperature. You don’t want to see birds sitting down or crowding together, which they will do when they feel chilled. Also, you don’t want to let the house get cool enough to yo-yo out of tunnel. Consistent, correct temperature is the key. Find the right combination to get the bird heat balance correct so birds are back in their comfort zone, not too warm and not chilled. As evening approaches and outside air temperature drops, get the house

See Tunnel, Page 15

POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

•Breakfast (Continued from page 1)

in February, up from $4.83 a year earlier and $3.62 five years ago, government data shows. The retail price of pork is projected to climb by 2.5 percent to 3 percent this year, according to government forecasts. “You should expect to see very high prices for your ground beef, your other meat cuts, all the pork cuts will be higher this year,” Donnie Smith, CEO of Tyson Foods, said in an interview with CNBC on March 12. U.S. pig herds have been hit by a virus called porcine epidemic diarrhea, or PED, which causes vomiting and diarrhea in the animals. After the first case in the U.S. was confirmed in May, the virus spread through hog herds during the cold winter. While the disease doesn’t affect people and is not a food safety concern, it can lead to mortality rates of between 80 percent and 100 percent in newborn piglets. That’s raising concerns of thinner herds as the U.S. heads toward the summer grilling season, when demand typically picks up. Traders don’t know exactly how badly the virus will impact pork production because it’s the first time that PED has been detected in U.S. herds, says Dennis Smith, a commodity broker at Chicago-based Archer Financial Services. “It’s become a hysterical market,” Smith says. Gus Kasimis, 60, manager of the Green Kitchen Restaurant, a New York diner, says that increases in food prices had already become more frequent and that he had been

forced to pass on the higher costs to customers. But he’s not worried that people will stop coming. Instead, they will cut down in other areas, perhaps spending less at more expensive restaurants, if they feel the squeeze. “They still need to get a decent breakfast,” he says.

Coffee You need your morning brew, and you’ll likely pay more for it, at least at the supermarket. Coffee futures have surged 57 percent this year and this month rose above $2 a pound for the first time in two years. Coffee growing regions of southern Brazil, the world’s largest coffee producer, have been hit by drought. Analysts are forecasting that Brazil’s crop could shrink by about 20 percent this year. Shoppers should be prepared to pay more at grocery stores, if the current trend continues for more than a month, says Dan Cox, the president of Coffee Analysts, a company that tests coffee quality for retailers. “Whether it’s by the can or the bag, consumers should probably expect to pay 50 cents per pound more, fairly soon,” Cox says. The average price of coffee for U.S. cities was $5 a pound in February, although that was little changed from a month earlier, according to government data. Caroline Krajewski, a spokeswoman for Kraft, which owns the Maxwell House coffee brand, declined to comment on the company’s pricing plans. The price impact will be less noticeable at coffee stores. That’s because the cost of beans makes up only a fraction of the final price,

compared to other costs like rent and staff wages, says Alon Kazdan, 40, the owner of Cafe Noi, a small chain of coffee shops in New York. Espressos at the cafe cost $2.40; Americanos are $3; lattes go for $3.60. He says prices should also remain in check because of competition between the companies that roast the beans into the coffee. As for rising commodity prices, he puts that down to speculation. “People like to make panic for nothing, in order to make money,” he says. Of course, people who need to get their caffeine fix won’t be put off. Plus, coffee prices were at their lowest level in about seven years before they started climbing. Starbucks customers also shouldn’t worry. They won’t be paying higher prices even if the cost of the beans keeps going up, says CEO Howard Schultz. The company has locked in its coffee bean prices for the next year using futures contracts.

Orange juice Say squeeze when you pass the OJ. Orange juice futures are up 12 percent this year, and climbed as high as $1.57 a pound March 6, their highest price in two years. To be sure, moves in retail food prices won’t match the wild jumps in commodities markets, says David Garfield, a consultant at AlixPartners who advises food-makers. The reason: food companies worry about losing market share and will absorb some of the higher costs rather than risk losing customers. “People would be up in arms, if

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every time they went to the grocery store the prices of their preferred items were jumping up and down,” says Garfield. The price of a 12-ounce can of frozen orange juice edged up in February to $2.43 from $2.41 in January, according to government data. A series of problems are driving the increases. Florida’s orange crop is forecast to be the worst in almost a quarter of a century. A citrus greening disease, which is transmitted by tiny insects that feed on the leaves of oranges, is damaging the harvest. Infected trees start to produce bitter green fruit. The problem was first detected in the U.S. in September 2005 and the Florida orange juice crop is down by almost a quarter since then. No cure is known, and the only solution is to cut down the tree. Add weather to the orange juice problem. A dry spell last year stunted the growth of orange trees in Florida and is hurting produc-

tion this year, says Michael Smith, president of T&K Futures and Options, based in Port St. Lucie, Fla. In South America, drought is raising concerns about the size of the crop in Brazil. “There’s a confluence of events ... but the citrus greening has probably been the worst problem we’ve seen over the last few years,” Smith says. The orange crop in Florida, one of the world’s biggest orange-growing regions, could fall this year by about 15 percent to 114 million boxes, according to government forecasts. That would be the smallest crop since 1990. Beverly Bolin, 76, who is retired and lives in Van Nuys, Calif., says she is buying more of the generic store brand products and less tea and coffee. In addition, she only buys orange juice if it’s on sale, as long as it’s not from concentrate. “I try to budget, but it’s always over budget,” she says. “I’m really feeling it.”

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Number of U.S. farms declines, farmers getting older The Associated Press

WASHINGTON — USDA’s preliminary Census of Agriculture, taken every five years, shows there were a total of 2.1 million farms in the U.S. in 2012, down a little more than 4 percent from 2007. That follows a long-term trend of declining numbers of farms. Also, farmers are getting older — the average age was 58.3 years. But Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack points to a bright spot: a small rise in the number of farmers between 25 and 34 years old. Vilsack says the boost in the number of younger farmers is partly due to increased interest and government support for locally grown foods and a thriving export market. Many younger farmers work at smaller operations, where the boom in the farm economy and a rising consumer interest in where food is

grown have helped them. That boom has been good to all of farm country: According to the survey, the market values of crops, livestock and total agricultural products were all at record highs. Farms in the U.S. sold almost $395 billion in products in 2012, 33 percent higher than in 2007. Still, farmers are aging. According to the census, a third of farmers were older than 65 in 2012. “The reality is, over time those folks won’t be able to continue farming, and the question for all of us is, if they don’t, who will?” Vilsack said after the report was released recently. Vilsack has made the revitalization of rural America a priority at USDA. As people have moved to suburbs and cities, many communities have increasing poverty and fewer young people to take over family farms. He has also argued

that the dwindling population has led to less political clout — made evident by a recent three-year congressional struggle to enact a new farm bill. President Barack Obama signed the bill, which provides farm subsidies and food stamps, on Feb. 7. “My question is not just who is going to farm, but who is going to defend them?” Vilsack said. The amount of farmland in the U.S. also shrank over the time period, from 922 million to 915 million acres. At the same time, farms grew larger — the average farm grew from 418 to 434 acres. Vilsack said he is most concerned about the survival of middle-sized farms, which declined in the last five years. The number of larger and smaller farms held mostly steady. He said he believes that decline partly came from a lapse in disaster assistance while Congress haggled

over the farm bill, drought in many states and rising feed costs. Ideally, he said, many of the younger farmers who are working on smaller farms will eventually grow their operations. One area of growth for agriculture is farms that are minority-operated. The number of farms operated by Hispanics, African Americans, American Indians and Asians all grew between 2007 and 2012, and the number of Hispanics who were principal operators of farms grew by 21 percent. Still, farm country remains overwhelmingly white — 92 percent of farms are operated by whites, while less than 64 percent of the general population is white and the minority population is growing. Similarly, only 14 percent of farms are operated by women, and more than 90 percent of those were smaller farms. The survey also found:

yy Most U.S. farms are small: 75 percent had sales of less than $50,000 in 2012. yy Agricultural sales per farm averaged $187,000 in 2012, an increase of $52,000 — or 39 percent — over 2007. yy New England, Texas, Florida and many states in the Mountain West saw increases in the number of farms and some saw an increase in farmland. Many Midwestern, Southern and Mid-Atlantic states saw decreases. Vilsack said much of the growth in those states comes from an increase in specialty crops, mostly fruits and vegetables, that are increasingly popular with consumers. yy The 10 states with the most farms are Texas, Missouri, Iowa, Oklahoma, California, Kentucky, Ohio, Illinois, Minnesota and Wisconsin. Only Ohio is new to the list since 2007.

Advertorial by Meir Toshav In response to the article by Michael Czarick and Dr. Brian Fairchild in the March 3, 2014, issue of Poultry Times titled “Improved growth rates can make it difficult to control litter moisture”, I agree that it is a major challenge to control the litter moisture in the modern chicken house with the increased growth potential of today’s chicken. I also agree with the conclusion that since the broiler of today is very different than the chicken we grew in the past, management practices will have to be examined and modified to address these changes and the special need’s of today’s bird and tomorrow’s. We are glad to tell the poultry industry that we were able to develop a product that fine tunes the supply of water throughout the day to meet the birds’ changing needs. As a result of these adjustments, we see lower litter moisture in the chicken house. Our product, the Plasson Water on Demand controls the water pressure of the nipple system from a central location and adjusts it to the birds’ water needs. At the start of the day, it will increase the pressure to allow more water for the first few hours when the chickens drink and eat more. Then after a few hours, it will lower the pressure to a level that will be sufficient for the birds’ needs for that time of the day. The Plasson Water on Demand is controlled using the house’s environmental controller. In most cases the end result is a heavier bird with a drier floor. Another benefit of a drier floor that we have observed is a greater percentage of Grade A paws. From the experience we have gained installing over 500 houses with Plasson Water on Demand, we have determined that it alleviates litter moisture problems and enhances performance. We will be glad to share our experience with the product with anyone interested.

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POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

•Tips (Continued from page 2)

yy Tip 5. Keep cooling pads clean and fully wetted. Like fans, evaporative cooling systems are expensive items that pay off by helping keep birds in optimum growth conditions. But you can’t get the benefits you paid for unless you do what’s needed to keep your cooling pads operating at top efficiency. Any dry area on a pad is the same as an air leak in the house, allowing hot air to come in without being cooled. To maintain maximum cooling, inspect and clean pad systems once a week. Inspection includes checking filters, pump screens and distribution header holes in recirculating systems, to make sure water is flowing properly. Pads must also be kept clean so that flute holes don’t clog up. One of the best ways to unclog channels in a cooling pad is just to spray a lot of water on them. Use normal water pressure only. High pressure systems can cut or damage pads. Several products are available that help loosen dirt on pads. These are normally sprayed onto the pads with a garden type sprayer or a hydrofoam applicator, or pored directly into the cooling sump and recirculated over the pads and allowed to soak. Follow directions on bottle. Then loose material can be flushed out with just plain water. Be certain that whatever material you use to clean your pads does not contain chlorine and is approved for use on the pads without voiding the pad warranty. In addition to collecting dirt and dust, pads can also become clogged with algae. If you see green growth, use a manufacturer approved algaecide agent only. Contact the manufacturer of you pad for assistance in selecting a cleaning agent. Pad manufacturers recommend either dumping the water from the sump tank at least once a week or maintaining some type of water bleedoff when the pump is on to maintain clean water. Another step needed

to prevent algae growth is to flush or clean water filters weekly. Dirty filters greatly reduce the amount of water flowing to the pad and reduce cooling. Also, remember cooling pads need to be dried out at least once each day. Normally, turn pad off between, say 10 p.m. and 9 a.m., so that they are allowed to dry out during the night. If pads become too difficult to clean, it’s probably time to consider replacing them. We have witnessed growers getting an increase of close to 100 fpm of wind-speed in houses by replacing old worn out pads that were restricting airflow. If pad replacement is in order, consider that 6-inch recirculating pads are about 75 percent efficient versus 55 percent for 2-inch spray pads, and provide about 4-5 degrees more cooling. yy Tip 6. Monitor and maintain wind-speed and full tunnel static pressure. This is the master tip, or we might call it the “all of the above” tip, in that the word “maintain” takes us back to tips 1-5, which are the more detailed how-to tips. So the key word here is “monitor.” You won’t know whether you are getting top performance from your ventilation system unless you are regularly monitoring and actually measuring its performance. Air velocity (at bird level) is critical, and there are relatively inexpensive wind-speed gauges you can use to check it. Full tunnel static pressure, measured about 20 feet forward of the first tunnel fan,is a good indicator of how much work the fans are having to perform. To measure fan end static pressure, a portable magnahelic gauge is needed, and most service techs have access to and are trained in the use of that gauge. This reading will typically be 0.01 to 0.03 higher than the reading taken at the middle (control room) of a house with dropped ceiling, but is variable, especially with higher wind-speeds and/or high ceiling houses with air deflectors. There is no one full tunnel static pressure that is right for every house.

You want to know what the full tunnel static pressure was when your house and equipment were new and performing as designed, or at least what the pressure reading is when you have done all you can to get the house and equipment in top shape. And you don’t want to see that static pressure rising. Abnormally high fan static pressure signals loss of airflow and loss of cooling capability. As design wind-speeds for tunnel houses have increased over the years from 400 fpm to 500 fpm and even to 600 or 700 fpm the total operating pressure on the fans has increased, because the resulting work required for the fans to pull the air into and then exhaust the air out of the house on the fan end has increased. Ten years ago in a 400 fpm tunnel house it would have been common to measure fan static pressure in the 0.08 inches of water column range while in a modern 600 fpm house the total fan pressure might be around 0.15 inches. The key point is that if you see full tunnel static pressure going up, figure out why it has changed and do something about it. Higher than normal static pressure at the fan end reduces the airflow available for cooling.

The bottom line We have documented instances during field visits where growers thought they were getting maximum airflow and were surprised when checking showed abnormally high static pressure at the fan end of the house. Some of these growers were able to increase full tunnel wind-speeds by 100 fpm or more by taking these tips seriously: tightening up the house, removing air restrictions, cleaning cooling pads, cleaning fan shutters, blades and guards and/or replacing worn fan belts or pulleys with new ones. Time spent executing these six steps could be money in your pocket.

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POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

Poultry ventilation workshop set for April at UGA ATHENS, Ga. — On April 2123, the University of Georgia will be conducting its 17th annual UGA Tunnel Ventilation Workshop at the Oconee County Civic Center in Watkinsville, Ga. (2661 Hog Mountain Road, Watkinsville, Ga. 30677), a few miles from the University of Georgia campus. This intensive training program has been specifically designed for those who want to learn more about the design and operation of tunnel ventilated poultry houses, organizers noted. The workshop consists of lectures, as well as hands-on group exercises, designed to help attendees gain a firm understanding of the principles behind tunnel ventilation thus enabling them to better manage their houses/birds during hot weather. Enrollment in the 2 1/2 day workshop is capped at 100 individuals, due to space. Each poultry complex is limited to two participants. Ad-

ditional participants from the same complex may be registered and will be enrolled if space permits. The registration fee of $495 ($395 for in-state) includes continental breakfast, lunch and dinner meals, refreshments, notebooks and other materials. The workshop will begin with registration at 8 a.m. on April 21, and will end at noon on April 23. For those traveling by air, it is asked that return flights are made no earlier than 5 p.m., so that the participant will be able to stay for the entire workshop. Registration is first come, first served. For lodging, a block of rooms has been reserved for the workshop at the Spring Hill Suites by Marriott Athens. The Spring Hill Suites by Marriott Athens is located on 3500 Daniels Bridge Road, Athens, Ga. 30606. Guests may call the reservation office at 706-353-8484 or book online at www.marriott.com/ahnsh using block code “pvwpvwa” (two

queen beds) or “pvwpvwb” (one king bed).

shop. Registration for the webinar is also limited.

Webinar For those who would like to participate in the workshop but do not have the time or travel funds, there is a webinar option. With the webinar you will be able to hear and see the presenters’ Powerpoint presentations and ask questions using your own computer. You will also receive PDF files of the presentation notes, exercise, supporting material, as well as spreadsheets used in the group exercise. The webinar is facilitated through the use of the GoToWebinar.com service. The webinar will be held daily from: April 21-23, 7:30 a.m.- 5 p.m. (EDT). The cost of registration is $100 for 1-4 people on one computer. The cost for five or more people is $250. You will receive an e-mail confirming your registration. You will also receive all the class notes prior to the work-

Registration Registration for the workshop can be obtained at https://estore. uga.edu/C21653_ustores/web/index.jsp — click on “Poultry Tunnel Ventilation Workshop,” then click on the webinar. Direct questions regarding the workshop can also be directed to Mike Czarick (mczarick@uga.edu, 706-540-9111) or Jeniece Vinson (jgvinson@uga.edu, 706-5421371). Topics Workshop topics will include: Basic tunnel ventilation system design Tunnel ventilation system design. Tunnel ventilation system design (Excel spreadsheet). Importance of air speed in cooling birds.

Factors affecting air speed in tunnel houses. Factors affecting air speed uniformity in tunnel houses. Tunnel ventilation and static pressure. Static pressure in tunnel houses (Excel spreadsheet). Tunnel fan selection. Tunnel fan selection (Excel spreadsheet). Tunnel Fan maintenance. Evaporative cooling system design. Evaporative cooling (Excel spreadsheet). Evaporative cooling pad maintenance. Basic evaporative cooling system operation. Electrical system maintenance. Maximizing bird performance in tunnel houses. Evaluating tunnel ventilation system performance. Alarm systems and standby generators.

Importance of measuring a house’s outside air temperature By Michael Czarick & Dr. Brian Fairchild Special to Poultry Times

ATHENS, Ga. — Having an accurate outside temperature sensor wired into a house’s environmental controller can be helpful in managing the environment within a poultry house. During cold weather some controllers are able to adjust minimum ventilation rates based on outside temperature. This can be helpful because as outside temperatures decrease, the air tends to contain less Michael Czarick is an Extension engineer and Dr. Brian Fairchild is an Extension poultry scientist, both with the University of Georgia College of Agricultural & Environmental Science Cooperative Extension Service in Athens, Ga. More information can be obtained at www. poultryventilation.com.

moisture so minimum ventilation rates can be slightly decreased, resulting in reduced fuel usage. Sidewall inlet static pressure settings can also be tweaked based on outside temperature. The colder it is outside, the heavier the air will be, which means it is best to slightly increase air inlet static pressure settings as outside temperatures drop. A higher level of static pressure increases the speed at which the air enters the house, which will tend to keep the colder air moving along the ceiling longer, increasing the likelihood the air will warm and dry before moving down to floor level. During the summertime, knowing outside temperature can be very helpful in determining both the amount of cooling produced by an evaporative cooling pad system as whether evaporative cooling pad systems are operating too early in the morning or too late at night. Though evaporative cooling pads should always be operated based on inside temperature,

knowing when the outside temperature increases above 80 degrees F is a good indicator that the outside humidity has dropped below 80 percent, and it is possible to start considering using an evaporative cooling system to decrease the temperature of the incoming air. If the outside temperature is 80 degrees F or lower it is generally best not to use evaporative cooling regardless of inside temperature because using it will tend to bring the humidity of the air inside a house above 90 percent, which will not prove beneficial to the birds or the litter. If the house temperature is in the mid to high eighties when outside temperature is 80 degrees F or lower, air is not being exchanged fast enough and more fans should be turned on, not evaporative cooling pads. The much too common problem on many farms is that the outside temperature sensors that producers are using to make potentially important management decisions are not accurate.

The two most common causes of inaccurate outside temperature readings is that outside temperature sensors are commonly mounted on the house itself or at most a few feet from the house and the sensor is exposed to direct or indirect sunlight. In order to obtain an accurate outside temperature reading an outside sensor should be placed at least 15 feet from a poultry house. One of the most common locations for an outside temperature sensor is just outside the control room under the roof eave. The problem with this location is the sun will heat the roof and sidewalls of the house, which will tend to heat the air in the immediate vicinity making it appear that it is hotter outside than it really is. This will tend to happen not only in the summer but the winter as well. But if an outside temperature sensors is not

See Air, Page 17

POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

PAACO auditor training goes international REDFIELD, Iowa — The Professional Animal Auditor Certification Organization Inc. (PAACO) has entered into a relationship with Brazilian-based World Quality Services (WQS) to carry out training services on PAACO’s behalf in Brazil. WQS will take the PAACO curriculum and training model, translate them into Portuguese and adapt them to the uniqueness of Brazil’s market. Three auditor training’s will be offered there — cattle slaughter, swine slaughter and broiler slaughter. Trainees will be required to complete the same process as those in the U.S. in order to become PAACOcertified auditors — attend the lecture and demonstration portions of the training, pass a test and satisfactorily complete three shadow audits. To ensure consistency with the PAACO program, WQS sent trainers to the U.S. this spring to go through the PAACO meat plant and poultry welfare auditor training’s. The four individuals have since completed all phases and become PAACO certified auditors in

one or more of the categories to be covered in Brazil. In addition, a Brazilian graduate student majoring in welfare management at Purdue University attended the same courses and will be utilized by PAACO for assuring the U.S.-based Brazilian instruction materials follow the PAACO model. “The impetus for establishing this partnership is two-fold,” explains PAACO Chairman Karen Christensen. “First, international customer-type companies identified this need and are seeking these services; and in the international trade arena, requirements are surfacing that in order to do business, ‘welfare officers’ — people at supplier sites that are trained in welfare criteria — will be mandatory.” Founded in 1993 and located in the city of Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, WQS develops certification and inspection services throughout the food chain. It develops specific protocols for farms, industry and retail in order to ensure the productivity process and production process are in accordance with international standards.

“We are excited to be able to enter into a relationship with an organization of PAACO’s stature,” says WQS CEO Valmir Rodrigues. “In the United States, they have become, as their motto says, ‘the standard of excellence in animal welfare auditing’ and we plan to bring and continue those high standards to Brazil and South America.” PAACO Executive Director Mike Simpson echoes those sentiments, noting that the impact on his association will be significant as well. He said, “This is a major step for PAACO and one that we will work to make successful for advancing welfare worldwide with a U.S. basis for welfare criteria and standards adapted to local needs. It is hoped that these international customertype businesses will benefit and utilize this expansion of PAACO’s expertise.” The first PAACO-based Brazilian training’s are projected to be held early this year. More information about PAACO can be obtained at www.animalauditor.org.

to know is, “For about 10 degrees F of wind chill cooling turn on the number of fans equal to bird age in weeks, plus one fan.” For example, two-week-old birds need about three tunnel fans in tunnel to feel 10 degrees F of wind chill cooling. Four-week-old birds need five fans. Fan sizes have changed so much in the past 10 years that some modifications of this rule might be necessary to fit some farms. The take-home point on making young small birds comfortable is that you need to observe birds closely and tweak the air flow (ventilation) and if necessary the air tem-

perature (by cool cell) just enough to get the birds comfortable.

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•Tunnel (Continued from page 10)

back into the vent door power mode of ventilation. In determining if you are close to the right temperate heat balance combination for a young flock, it is important to realize that if you cool it off to the point where there are no birds panting at all, you have probably gone too far for the flock as a whole. At the point where 5-10 percent of birds are panting or close to panting you are pretty close to the right temperature and heat balance. One of the old rules of thumb for tunnel management that is still good

The bottom line Birds that are not kept comfortable at the beginning of a growout will not get off to a good start. Flocks that do not start well typically do not finish well. Research has consistently shown that lowered weight gain and feed efficiency in the first weeks cannot be made up in later weeks. Used judiciously, tunnel ventilation and evaporative cooling when needed can help flocks get off to a good start even in extremely hot weather.

POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

Farm Bureau recently honors Lugar and Womack SAN ANTONIO — The American Farm Bureau Federation presented its highest honor, the Distinguished Service Award, to Sen. Richard Lugar (R-Ind.) and Dr. Abner Womack recently during its 95th AFBF Annual Convention. AFBF established the Distinguished Service Award to honor individuals who have devoted their careers to serving agriculture. Lugar served in the U.S. Senate for 36 years and was a member of the Agriculture Committee throughout his tenure. From 1995 to 2001,

he served as the committee’s chairman and from 1986 to 1995 and again from 2001 to 2002 as the committee’s ranking member. Lugar’s was instrumental in getting the Conservation Reserve Program incorporated into the 1985 farm bill, creating the basic CRP program that remains in effect today. He was also instrumental in the elimination of set-asides and planting limitations to base acres for a particular crop, which led to the concept of planting flexibility contracts.

“Throughout his Senate career, Sen. Lugar championed agricultural progress. He was a leader in support of the biofuels movement and a solid promoter of free and open trade,” said AFBF President Bob Stallman. “He was also in the forefront of many other efforts important to farmers, such as farm credit, food safety, agriculture research and immigration reform.” Dr. Abner Womack, professor emeritus and research professor of agriculture economics at the University of Missouri-Columbia, has

made agriculture his life’s work. His early expertise in mathematics became focused on developing a system of statistical models for U.S. crops and livestock. A pioneer in this area, Womack worked to create annual baseline analysis of U.S. and global agriculture. He was also the primary founder of the Food and Agriculture Policy Research Institute, which is internationally renowned for its high-quality analysis. On a federal level, FAPRI’s work is used widely by Congress and

USDA to determine economic impacts of policy issues. “Dr. Womack embodies a unique and giving spirit. He yearns not to make decisions, but to provide others with the tools to do so,” said Stallman. “He has experienced agriculture from many sides, including as a farmer, USDA employee, consultant to agribusiness and farming organizations and an advisor to college students. He has made a true difference in the agriculture industry.”

Trade representatives hopeful on partnership negotiations SAN ANTONIO — Trade Promotion Authority legislation introduced in Congress recently is further evidence that negotiations are moving in the right direction, providing further hope for completion of trade partnerships with the European Union and Trans-Pacific partners. That was the feeling as trade officials spoke to Farm Bureau members attending a workshop at the American Farm Bureau Federation’s 95th Annual Convention. “With the world economy, things seem to be working in the right direction, but we need to make sure trade is there to maximize the gains of the economy and to speed it up,” said Ambassador João Vale de Almeida, head of the delegation of

the European Union to the United States. Speaking of the on-going negotiations for the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership, Vale de Almeida was hopeful barriers that existed in the past will be overcome in the coming years. “TTIP is the mother of all FTAs (Free Trade Agreements)…and a game changer for bilateral relations between the European Union and the United States, potentially leading to 800 million high-spending and highly sophisticated consumers,” Vale de Almeida said. “It also has the potential to be a game changer globally, as Americans and Europeans work to reenergize the world’s system, and do it according to our values and principles.”

Having recently completed the third round of negotiations, Vale de Almeida anticipated restarting negotiations soon, working on improving market access and lowering tariffs, and also including a strong regulatory component. He hopes to bring tariffs closer to zero, and remove “behind-the-border barriers” which can also serve as a form of tariffs. These barriers can be as high as 10 percent to 20 percent when fully realized, he said. Vale de Almeida was confident these negotiations will continue to go well, having recently completed reforms of the European “Common Agricultural Policy” moving away from support based on production and toward a model that encourages rural development and rewards en-

vironmental protection. “Though a few obstacles remain, we are seriously and sincerely engaged in opening up markets for American exports,” Vale de Almeida said. Rowena Hume, trade counselor for the New Zealand Embassy, echoed Vale de Almeida’s comments on the positive nature of change taking place regarding trade in her Pacific region. Speaking on the Trans-Pacific Partnership, Hume shared the belief that improving the trade potential in the Trans-Pacific region will greatly help American agricultural exports, which she said have decreased by 40 percent in recent years. “Regaining market share would

increase U.S. total exports by $600 billion or 3 million jobs,” Hume said. “The TPP could increase exports by $2 billion, with the dairy industry benefiting the most.” Hume added that agricultural trade with all TPP members represents $150 billion — $79.6 billion for the U.S. alone — and 43 percent of all U.S. agricultural exports. Though some concerns remain — specifically regarding geographic indications — both trade officials were hopeful these deals could be passed in the coming years, with benefits to national economies as well as down to the individual farmers looking to increase consumers of their products.

Farm Bureau’s Our Food Link consumer outreach program launched SAN ANTONIO — Our Food Link, a new year-round program that county and state Farm Bureaus can use to reach consumers of all ages and backgrounds with information about today’s agriculture, has been launched by the American Farm Bureau Federation. “Consumer outreach is more important than ever because the average American is now at least three generations removed from the

farm,” said Terry Gilbert, a Kentucky farmer and chairman of the American Farm Bureau Women’s Leadership Committee. Farm and ranch families make up less than 2 percent of the U.S. population today. The roll-out of the program during the AFBF annual convention, included the distribution of a planning toolkit to help Farm Bureau members start thinking about projects that will engage people in their

communities. Suggested Our Food Link activities range from outreach at supermarkets or farmers’ markets to hosting interactive booths at community events, speaking with lawmakers and neighbors about food and visiting classrooms to help students understand agricultural topics. Other program ideas include: an Adopt-aFarmer program, fun runs, garden projects and “Zest ‘n Zing” or other

foodie events. Our Food Link activities may also include the collection of food and monetary donations for Ronald McDonald House Charities or other charities. “With the launch of this flexible new program, we hope to enhance and energize the efforts of Farm Bureau members as they help people connect with sources of clothing, food, shelter and energy in their communities,” Gilbert said.

Grants for county and state Farm Bureaus to initiate Our Food Link projects are available on a competitive basis. Up to seven $700 grants will be awarded for project proposals that reflect strong connections between the food system and agriculture, while creatively engaging consumers in a way that encourages them to learn more about food and agricultural products.

POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

Thompson earns Farm Bureau’s congressional ‘Golden Plow’ award WASHINGTON — Rep. Glenn (GT) Thompson (R-Pa.) has received the American Farm Bureau Federation’s Golden Plow award, the highest recognition the organization grants members of Congress. The award was presented by Executive Vice President and Treasurer Julie Anna Potts and Pennsylvania Farm Bureau Thompson President Carl Shaffer during Pennsylvania Farm Bureau’s National Legislative Conference. Thompson is the sole recipient of the Golden Plow award from AFBF for 2013. The Pennsylvania Farm Bureau nominated Thompson for the award

because of his support for the recently passed farm bill, his commitment to reducing regulatory red tape and burdens on farmers and his leadership in addressing Environmental Protection Agency-related challenges that threaten the very foundation of agriculture. “When members of Congress work to ensure that farmers and ranchers can continue to raise animals, plant seeds, harvest crops and be productive, they are plowing fertile ground for agriculture, our economy and our food security,” said Potts. “More than anything, the Golden Plow is Farm Bureau’s way of saying ‘thank you’ for standing up for American agriculture. Congressman Thompson is a deserving recipient of this award.” Describing Thompson’s good works as “too many to name,” Shaffer highlighted the lawmakers’ staunch advocacy of the farm bill, commitment to domestic energy

sources and forest resources, and leadership in enhancing education, as well as his continued accessibility and responsiveness to his constituents and Farm Bureau. Thompson was first elected to the House of Representatives in 2008 and is currently serving his third term representing Pennsylvania’s Fifth Congressional District. AFBF’s Golden Plow award recognizes members of Congress for distinguished agricultural leadership and support of Farm Bureau policies. Recipients are chosen based on having a philosophy or record that demonstrates a commitment to: the private enterprise system; sound agricultural policies supported by Farm Bureau; fiscal conservatism; and reduced federal regulations on businesses and individuals. More information about the American Farm Bureau Federation can be obtained at www.fb.org.

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•Air (Continued from page 14)

placed under the eave, the likelihood of direct sunlight striking the sensor increases. When direct sunlight strikes a sensor it will tend to heat the sensor to between 5 degrees and 40 degrees above the ambient air temperature, resulting leading a producer to believe the outside air temperature is much higher than it really is. The best way to obtain an accurate outside temperature measurement is to use a solar radiation shield and place the sensor at least 15 feet from the poultry house. A solar radiation shield is designed to protect a temperature sensor from direct sunlight while at the same time promoting

good air flow over the sensor. The typical solar radiation shield consists of a series of stacked reflective plates with space in the center for the temperature sensor and a mounting bracket so it can be attached to a pole or post. Solar radiation shields cost between $40 and $80 and are available from poultry house controller manufacturers as well as companies that sell weather stations. Take for an example, an outside temperature sensor placed in a solar radiation shield located approximately 20 feet from a poultry house, with a sensor located next to a feed bin (unprotected from direct sunlight) to a third located under the eave of the house. The temperature

sensor exposed to direct sunlight indicated an outside temperature of up to 10 degrees higher than that measured by the sensor in the solar radiation shield enclosure. The sensor that was located under the eave of the house, which was not exposed to direct sunlight, was at times nearly five degrees higher than that measured by the shielded sensor. An outside temperature sensor with a solar radiation shield is a good investment. An outside sensor with a solar radiation shield will help ensure that fans and evaporative cooling systems are activated at appropriate times which will help to maintain litter quality, as well as bird performance.

POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

Consumer Corner

A healthy chicken soup with Chinese influences By Sara Moulton

The Associated Press

When it’s cold outside, I love making soup for supper. Everything goes into a single pot, starting with an aromatic broth and a substantial array of vegetables, then a little bit of protein, and finally a crispy garnish. And when dinner’s over, there’s only that one pot to wash! This recipe’s fragrant broth is essentially a Chinese version of a Jewish chicken soup. Folklore has it that the latter is a cure-all, if only because it’s so comforting. But once you add a significant amount of fresh ginger, as I have here, your case for the soup’s therapeutic value is even stronger. Ginger does great things for the body, which is why I keep a big batch of ginger tea simmering on the stove when I’m fighting a cold. Swimming in this broth are four vegetables — carrots, shiitake mushrooms, bok choy and peas. I chose them not only because they’re the kind of vegetables you might find in a Chinese soup, but also because they are nutritious and provide a fresh array of colors. That said, you’re welcome to swap them out in favor of any number of other winter veggies, including butternut squash, sweet potatoes, turnips, broccoli and parsnips. But whatever else you add to the soup, make sure that the chicken goes in last. Cut into bite-sized chunks, it takes little time to cook, but it will become tough and leathery if cooked too long. At the end of it all, you’ll want to add some wonton crisps, which bake quickly and contribute some flavorful crunch. A healthful approximation of the wonderful fried noodles often found on Chinese-styled salads, these

crisps spend no time submerged in oil. You simply take fresh wonton wrappers (an all-purpose item you always want to have at hand in your freezer), cut them into strips, toss them with a tiny bit of oil, then bake them until crispy (which happens in a flash). They’re the crowning touch for a soup that’ll warm you from the inside out. CHINESE CHICKEN AND VEGETABLE SOUP Start to finish: 1 hour Servings: 4 For the wonton crisps: 12 square wonton wrappers 1/2 teaspoon canola or vegetable oil Salt For the soup: 6 medium scallions 4-by-1-inch piece fresh ginger, unpeeled 3 garlic cloves, smashed and peeled 1/2 cup rice wine, sake or dry sherry 4 cups low-sodium chicken broth 1 1/2 cups thinly sliced carrots 4 to 5 ounces sliced or cubed shiitake mushrooms 3 tablespoons cornstarch whisked with 1/4 cup water 1 pound boneless, skinless chicken breasts cut into 1/2-inch cubes 3 cups sliced bok choy or napa cabbage 1 cup frozen peas (do not defrost) 3 tablespoons low-sodium soy sauce 1 teaspoon toasted sesame oil Heat the oven to 375 degrees F. Cut the wonton wrappers into 1/4-inch strips. In a bowl, toss the wonton strips with the oil and a pinch of salt. Arrange the strips in a single layer on a baking sheet.

The Associated Press

Bake on the oven’s middle shelf until golden and crisp, 3 to 5 minutes. Let cool completely before serving. Meanwhile, place the scallions on a cutting board, then use the side of a large knife or a rolling pin to lightly smash. Cut the ginger into thin rounds, then slice each round into thin matchsticks. In a large saucepan over mediumhigh heat, combine the smashed scallions, sliced ginger, garlic, rice wine and broth. Bring to a boil, then reduce heat, cover and simmer for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes, use a slotted spoon to remove and discard

the solids. Add the carrots and mushrooms and simmer gently, covered, for 5 minutes. Bring the liquid to a boil, then add the cornstarch-water mixture in a stream while whisking. Return to a boil. Add the chicken, bok choy, peas, soy sauce and sesame oil. Cook gently until the chicken is just cooked through, about 5 minutes. Ladle the soup into bowls and top each portion with some of the wonton crisps, if using. Nutrition information per serving: 380 calories; 35 calories from

fat (9 percent of total calories); 4 g fat (0.5 g saturated; 0 g trans fats); 70 mg cholesterol; 45 g carbohydrate; 6 g fiber; 6 g sugar; 35 g protein; 1,050 mg sodium. Sara Moulton was executive chef at Gourmet magazine for nearly 25 years, and spent a decade hosting several Food Network shows. She currently stars in public television’s “Sara’s Weeknight Meals” and has written three cookbooks, including “Sara Moulton’s Everyday Family Dinners.”

POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

Thunderstorms and their effect on house cooling By Michael Czarick & Dr. Brian Fairchild Special to Poultry Times

ATHENS, Ga. â&#x20AC;&#x201D; On a hot, summer day a localized thunderstorm can be a benefit or a problem for a poultry producer, depending on what happens after the rain ends. On the typical summer morning the outside air temperature will be around 70 degrees F in most poultry growing areas of the U.S. with a relative humidity around 90 percent. As the day progresses the outside temperature will increase and the relative humidity will decrease due to the fact that moisture-holding ability of air increases with temperature. In fact, for every 20 degrees the outside air temperature increases, the moisture-holding ability of air doubles, which results in the relative humidity being cut in half. An an example, on a fairly typical July day in Georgia, at 8 a.m. the outside air temperature was 75 degrees F and the relative humidity was approximately 84 percent. By 2 p.m., the outside temperature increased to 95 degrees F (a 20 degree F increase) and the relative humidity dropped to 40 percent (cut in half). The fact that the relative humidity is lowest during the hottest periods of the day is of significant benefit because it means that our evaporative cooling pads and fogging nozzles produce the maximum amount of cooling when we need it the most. During the afternoon as we evaporate water into the air entering our houses, either using pads or fogging nozzles, energy is removed from the Michael Czarick is an Extension engineer and Dr. Brian Fairchild is an Extension poultry scientist, both with the University of Georgia College of Agricultural & Environmental Science Cooperative Extension Service in Athens, Ga. More information can be obtained at www. poultryventilation.com.

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air, thus lowering its temperature. The more water we can evaporate into the incoming air, the greater the amount of energy removed from the air, the greater the temperature decreases. The downside of evaporative cooling is that by evaporating water into the air we increase the relative humidity of the air, which can have a negative effect on a birdâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ability to cool itself through panting. In general, for every 1 degree of cooling produced, the relative humidity will increase approximately 2.5 percent. As a result, when our pads or fogging nozzles are producing for instance, 10 degrees F cooling, the relative humidity of the air will increase approximately 25 percent. It is important to realize that though the relative humidity does increase when using evaporative cooling, if we have sufficient air speed, 500 ft./min. or better, it does not necessarily result in increased heat stress. The higher the wind

speed we have moving over the birds, the greater the amount of heat we are pulling from their bodies, which means they have to rely less on panting to cool themselves. The less the birds have to rely on panting to cool themselves, the less problematic a high humidity is. To put it simply: A high relative humidity with a low air speed is a deadly combination. A high wind speed when it is very humid makes a tough situation bearable. Evaporative cooling does not just happen within a poultry house. A thunderstorm is in effect a very large external evaporative cooling system. As it begins to rain, moisture is evaporated into the air which, like in a poultry house, removes energy from the air, thus lowering the temperature of the air and increasing relative humidity. The effect that a rain storm has on temperature and humidity can be seen in the following example. At 1:30 p.m. outside temperature

begins to fall and relative humidity increases due to a nearby thunderstorm (no rain actually fell on the farm where weather conditions were being monitored). The evaporation of water into the air decreased the temperature from 95 degrees F to 80 degrees F, a 15 degree F decrease. Relative humidity increased from 40 percent to 75 percent, which is what we would expect due to the fact that for every 1 degree of cooling produced through the evaporation of water the relative humidity will increase 2.5 percent (2.5 X 15 degrees F = 38 percent, 40 percent + 38 percent = 78 percent). For example, a nearby thunderstorm would have been a welcome relief for a poultry producer with older birds. An incoming air temperature of 80 degrees F would have likely meant that the evaporative cooling system would probably not have been needed and the birds would have been reasonably com-

fortable provided the birds had sufficient air speed moving over their bodies (+500 ft/min). The truth is if an evaporative cooling system would have been used in this situation it would only have produced just a few degrees cooling, considering the fact that the air was already fairly saturated by the thunderstorm (outside Rh +75 percent). In many ways, a thunderstorm like the one described is the best type for a poultry farm with older birds. First, the rain occurred a couple of miles away, so the farm received the cool air from the storm and not a lot of moisture. Second, the sun did not come out after the storm. Had it rained on the farm, then gotten sunny, it would have been a very different situation. A few days after this example there was a brief rainstorm producing less than 0.02 inches of rain at approximately 12:45 p.m., which dropped the outside air temperature about 12 degrees F and increased the relative humidity from 45 percent to 80 percent. The sun came out, the temperature increased approximately 5 degrees F and the relative humidity decreased 25 percent. Then another short thunderstorm occurred nearby, again decreasing the temperature and increasing the relative humidity. Shortly afterward the sun came out and the temperature increased and the relative humidity once again decreased to around 40 percent. At 3 p.m. the farm was hit with a brief downpour producing 0.12 inches in just a few minutes, resulting in the outside temperature dropping into the 70s and the relative humidity increasing to approximately 90 percent. Once again, the sun came out and the temperature increased and the relative humidity decreased, but not to the same levels experienced before the 3 p.m. storm. When the sun came out this time there was a significant amount

See Storms, Page 21

POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

Historic Vermont ag buildings benefit from preservation grants MONTPELIER, Vt.— The Vermont Division for Historic Preservation and the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation recently awarded matching grants totaling $282,786 to help restore and maintain historically and architecturally significant agricultural buildings. “Now in its 22nd year, this grant program is intensely competitive and has successfully elevated the profile of agricultural-based preservation,” said Laura V. Trieschmann, Vermont state historic preservation officer. “Because this is a matching

grant program, we believe the commitment the grant recipients demonstrate to preserving our state’s historic agricultural resources for current and future generations deserves recognition and applause.” More than 35 applications were received, with selected grant projects ranging from roof replacements, to structural and frame repairs, window restoration and foundation and drainage improvements. Vermont Division of Historic Preservation reports that a c. 1780

English barn, mid-twentieth century corn crib, c. 1840 sugarhouse and 1915 dairy barn are among a list of 20 historic agricultural buildings across Vermont receiving Barn Preservation Grants in 2014. The complete list of funded projects is available online. “Vermont’s rural landscape is defined by its many historic agricultural buildings. Whether active farms or adaptively used for recreation and tourism, these buildings are an important piece of the current and future economic vitality of our state,” said Noelle MacKay, com-

missioner of Housing and Community Development for the Agency of Commerce and Community Development. “Vermont is fortunate to have so many people committed to preserving our historic agricultural resources; their efforts demonstrate their commitment to a vibrant Vermont economy.” The state-funded Barn Preservation Grant program helps individuals, municipalities and non-profit organizations restore or rehabilitate the historic agricultural buildings that are a symbol of Vermont’s rural

landscape. Since its inception, the program has granted nearly $2.4 million towards the preservation of more than historic agricultural buildings.

For qualifying To qualify, buildings must be listed in, or eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. More information is available at http://accd.vermont.gov/strong_ communities/preservation/grants/ barn.

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POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

USPOULTRY Foundation awards $18K grant to University of Arkansas TUCKER, Ga. — The U.S. Poultry & Egg Association’s USPOULTRY Foundation recently awarded an $18,377 student recruiting grant to the Poultry Science Department at the University of Arkansas. The check was presented by Bill Bradley, vice president of egg production for CCF Brands and USPOULTRY board member, to Dr. Mike Kidd, director of the Center of Excellence for Poultry Science and head of the Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas. Justin Whaley, president of CCF Brands, assisted in the check presentation. “We will use the funds to recruit future industry leaders into our de-

partment. These funds are vital for our recruitment efforts that encompass both high school and community college programs. Our growing undergraduate numbers are a reflection of USPOULTRY’s support via the USPOULTRY Foundation,” Kidd said. The USPOULTRY Foundation board recently approved student recruiting grants totaling more than $183,000 to the six U.S. universities with poultry science departments and 14 other institutions with industry related programs. The foundation provides annual recruiting funds to colleges and universities to attract students to their poultry programs.

For more poultry industry news visit www.poultrytimes.net

Special

University of Arkansas: Bill Bradley, fourth from left, vice president of egg production for CCF Brands and U.S. Poultry & Egg Association board member, recently presented a $18,377 recruiting grant from the USPOULTRY Foundation to Dr. Mike Kidd, director of the Center of Excellence for Poultry Science and head of the Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas. They were joined by Justin Whaley, president of CCF Brands, and several University of Arkansas students.

Tyson awarded DOD contract to supply chicken WASHINGTON — Tyson Foods Inc. of Springdale, Ark., has been awarded a three-year contract worth a maximum of $444 million to supply chicken to the U.S. Department of Defense.

This contract was a competitive acquisition, and nine offers were received. The contract concludes March 3, 2017. The department said locations for

the contract are Oklahoma, Arkansas, North Carolina and Mississippi. The department also said that overseas vendors supporting military customers will also order from this contract.

the storms, when it was 90 degrees F, the incoming air temperature for a house using a 6-inch evaporative cooling pad system would have been 79 degrees F and the relative humidity would have been 83 percent. After the 3 p.m. storm, the incoming air temperature would have been 83 degrees F with a relative humidity of 89 percent. On the surface, a 4-degree hotter house does not sound that bad, but keep in mind the relative humidity of the incoming air is also 7 percent higher. The increase in both air temperature and relative humidity would have likely increased the “effective temperature” six or more degrees after the thunderstorm when the outside temperature rose again to 90 degrees F, leading to sig-

nificantly greater heat-stress-related problems. What should a producer do to minimize the potential negative effects of a brief thunderstorm? First, keep in mind that though the relative humidity during a rainstorm increases to around 90 percent, the temperature will typically fall below 80 degrees F. When the sun does come out, the relative humidity will go down. It will not be 90 degrees F with a relative humidity of 100 percent. It may feel like it is, but it is simply not the case. By the time the temperature rises into the mid 80s, the relative humidity will fall below 80 percent and an evaporative cooling system will produce some cooling. Not as

much as before the storm, but it will cool the incoming air and therefore in general should be used. yy The most important thing to concentrate on after a brief shower is wind speed. When you have hot, humid conditions, wind speed becomes crucial in keeping your birds comfortable. Make sure all your fans are operating after the storm. Brush dust off the shutters and make sure the belts are not in need of replacing. Check to see if your tunnel curtain is fully opened. The fact is, as with most things in a tunnel-ventilated house, it always comes down to moving as much air over birds as possible to keep them cool when it is hot outside.

•Storms (Continued from page 19)

of moisture on the ground, trees, etc., which when it evaporated due to the heat produced by the sun, led to significantly higher humidity levels. How would a day like this affect a producer’s ability to keep his birds cool? The first couple of showers would have been more of a benefit than a detriment. The third storm, would have caused significant problems for a poultry producer with older birds. First, the good news. Due to the relationship between temperature and relative humidity, whenever the outside temperature was above 80 degrees F the relative humidity was

for the most part below 80 percent and an evaporative cooling system would have produced some cooling. The bad news is that after the major rain storm at 3 p.m., the relative humidity was approximately 10 percent to as much as 15 percent higher than it was before the storm at the same temperature, which is very typical for this type of weather event. For instance, in the morning when the outside temperature was 90 degrees F, the relative humidity was 55 percent; immediately after the storm outside temperature again rose to 90 degrees F, but this time the relative humidity decreased to 65 percent. This may not seem like much of a difference, but when it comes to keeping chickens cool, it is. Before

POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

Markets

less parts, and trending steady to firm on the remaining parts. Market activity for parts was light to moderate, at times active. In production areas live supplies were moderate. Weights were mixed but mostly desirable. The National Composite Weighted Average for Mar. 24 was $109.50, compared to $106.67 for Mar. 17 and $106.68 a year ago.

Compiled by David B. Strickland, Editor 770-718-3442 dstrickland@poultrytimes.net

Nat’l. Broiler Market: (Mar. 24): Whole broiler/fryer prices were unsettled and irregular, but overall steady in all areas. Offerings were light to moderate to satisfy current trade needs. Demand was

F owl: Mar. 21: Live spent heavy fowl

in a full range, mostly moderate, with best interest for featured items. Floor stocks were balanced to short. Market activity was slow to moderate. In the parts structure, movement was moderate to good. Prices were about steady on boneless/skin-

Final prices at Farm Buyer Loading (per pound): range 11-23¢

P arts: Georgia:

The f.o.b. dock quot-

ed prices on ice-pack parts based on truckload and pool truckload lots for the week of Mar. 24: line run tenders $2.02; skinless/boneless breasts $1.97½; whole breasts $1.07; boneless/skinless thigh meat $1.44½; thighs 73¢; drumsticks 73¢; leg quarters 51½¢; wings $1.34.

N ational Slaughter: Broiler: Estimated slaughter

for week ending Mar. 22 is 157,391,000. Actual slaughter for the week ending Mar. 15 was 159,210,000. Heavy-type hen: Estimated slaughter for the week ending Mar. 22 is 1,557,000. Actual slaughter for the week ending Mar. 15 was 1,620,000. Light-type hen: Estimated slaughter for the week ending Mar. 22 is

The following chart provides an annual high and a comparison of recent activity of major poultry company stocks.

USDA Shell Eggs AMS weekly combined region shell egg prices Average prices on sales to volume buyers, Grade A or better, White eggs in cartons, delivered warehouse, cents per dozen.

Company Annual High Mar. 18 Mar. 25 Cal-Maine 61.34 60.71 58.54 Campbell Soup 48.83 44.37 44.32 37.28 29.81 30.25 ConAgra Hormel 47.99 47.53 47.93 Pilgrim’s Pride 19.93 19.72 19.62 Sanderson Farms 79.52 78.96 77.15 Seaboard 2948.24 2676.89 2664.32 Tyson 42.86 42.33 42.43 (Courtesy: A.G. Edwards & Sons Inc.)

Mar. 21

Extra Large Regions: Northeast 134.50 Southeast 136.50 Midwest 127.50 South Central 138.50 Combined 134.42

Large

Medium

134.00 113.00 134.50 115.00 125.50 108.50 136.50 116.50 132.77 113.38

Computed from simple weekly averages weighted by regional area populations

Grain Prices OHIO COUNTRY ELEV. Mar. 11 Mar. 18 Mar. 25 No. 2 Yellow Corn/bu. $4.53 $4.49 $4.60 Soybeans/bu. $14.19 $13.92 $14.25 (Courtesy: Prospect Farmers Exchange, Prospect, Ohio)

Broiler Eggs Set/Chicks Placed in 19 States EGGS SET (Thousands)

CHICKS PLACED (Thousands)

Feb. 22

Mar. 1

Mar. 8

Mar. 15

Feb. 22

Mar. 1

Mar. 8

Mar. 15

Del Fla Ga Ky La Md Miss Mo. N.C. Okla Pa S.C. Tex Va Other states

28,378 20,341 9,793 4,462 1,159 33,442 7,566 3,878 7,711 17,567 8,517 20,649 6,452 3,746 5,047 14,828 6,415 7,871

28,060 20,466 9,957 4,407 1,221 33,619 7,778 3,848 7,740 17,958 8,559 20,416 7,214 4,073 5,235 14,714 6,541 7,827

28,482 20,960 9,933 4,607 1,224 33,696 7,449 3,833 7,692 17,611 8,533 19,985 6,998 3,908 5,102 14,358 6,681 7,933

28,534 20,334 9,584 4,669 1,224 34,237 7,765 3,772 7,735 17,660 8,541 20,330 6,851 3,831 4,786 14,555 6,829 7,828

21,175 18,464 10,281 5,360 1,542 25,206 5,585 3,442 5,295 14,709 6,060 15,793 4,879 3,354 4,917 11,776 4,671 6,095

21,417 18,774 9,423 4,713 1,379 26,912 5,803 3,401 5,349 14,787 4,721 15,305 5,001 3,163 4,416 11,982 4,862 6,218

21,528 19,532 9,543 4,539 1,218 26,443 5,787 3,397 6,006 14,638 5,958 15,897 3,803 2,614 4,351 11,846 5,460 5,847

21,718 19,326 8,760 4,139 1,366 26,092 6,109 3,407 6,689 14,763 5,097 16,372 4,483 3,054 4,716 11,713 5,008 5,919

19 States Total

199,951

201,806

201,052

201,237

162,509

161,408

162,560

162,812

% Prev. yr.

100

101

100

Ala Ark

Ca,Tn,Wv

1/Current week as percent of same week last year.

Estimates: The estimated number of broiler/ fryers available for slaughter the week ending Mar. 22 was 157.3 million head compared to 153.1 million head slaughtered the same week last year. The estimated U.S. slaughter for the week of Mar. 22 was 157.7 million head or 400,000 more than estimated available. For the week of Mar. 29, the estimated available is 153.6 million head, notes the USDA Agricultural Marketing Service, Poultry Programs.

Broiler/Fryer Report

Industry Stock Report

1,533,000. Actual slaughter for the week ending Mar. 15 was 1,821,000. Total: Week of Mar. 22: 160,481,000. Week of Mar. 15: 162,651,000.

USDA National Composite Weighted Average For week of: Mar. 21 For week of: Mar. 14 Majority (whole body) Eastern Region: New York: Central Region: Chicago: Western Region: Los Angeles:

$109.50 $106.67

Mar. 21 $1.06--$1.13 $1.07--$1.11 $1.03--$1.09 $1.04--$1.09 $1.07--$1.15 $1.07--$1.15

Negotiated prices in trucklot and less-than-trucklot quantities of ready-to-cook whole body broiler/fryers delivered to first receivers; prices in cents per pound.

Turkey Markets Weighted avg. prices for frozen whole young turkeys Weighted average (cents/lb.) F.O.B. shipper dock National Week ending Mar. 21 Last year Hens (8-16 lbs.) 103.50 95.50 Toms (16-24 lbs.) 102.60 94.50 Week ending Mar. 14 Hens (8-16 lbs.) Toms (16-24 lbs.)

100.44 100.51

Feb. avg. 99.88 98.13

Egg Markets USDA quotations New York cartoned del. store-door: Mar. 18 Mar. 25 Extra large, up 19¢ $1.44--$1.48 $1.63--$1.67 Large, up 19¢ $1.42--$1.46 $1.61--$1.65 $1.23--$1.27 $1.44--$1.48 Medium, up 21¢ Southeast Regional del. warehouse: Mar. 18 Mar. 25 Extra large, up 5¢ $1.33½--$1.51 $1.38½--$1.54 Large, up 2½¢ $1.32--$1.49 $1.34½--$1.52 Medium, up 3½¢ $1.12½--$1.30 $1.16--$1.35

POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

AMERICAN EGG BOARD HOTLINE AEB Hotline appears regularly in Poultry Times and provides an update on programs and services provided for egg producers by the American Egg Board. Details on any item mentioned may be obtained by contacting AEB at 1460 Renaissance Dr., Park Ridge, Ill. 60068. Phone: 847-296-7043. yy Thanks to AEB’s funding of border seminars and an import legislative assistance program in Mexico, the USA Poultry & Egg Export Council (USAPEEC) was recently able to clear an estimated 10 loads or 190 metric tons of U.S. egg products, valued at $370,000, at the Laredo/Colombia border. This disruption in trade stemmed from confusion over export certificates. USAPEEC’s Mexico office actively participated in resolving the situation in less than 48 hours and served as a liaison between the border trade and the U.S. Embassy/FAS Mexico. USAPEEC anticipates that additional border issues may surface since border inspectors will be less tolerant, especially with any documentation errors on certificates and shipping container labels. Companies experiencing border issues should contact USAPEEC for assistance. yy During National Birth Defects Prevention Month in January, AEB/ENC shared a press release promoting Egg Nutrition Center-funded and recently published research that suggests choline recommendations during pregnancy may be too low. Published in the Ameri-

can Journal of Clinical Nutrition, the research found that during pregnancy, and particularly during the third trimester, large amounts of choline may be needed to support fetal development. To date, the press release has earned 534,262 online impressions. The release was picked up by Medical News Today, a top HP outlet. SiloBreaker, an aggregator of scientific news, and Medical Xpress are two additional outlets that picked up this release. The release was also shared on Twitter. yy AEB is promoting the results of the Environmental Footprint Study to decision-makers in retail food publications such as Supermarket News and Progressive Grocer in the coming months. The advertising is designed to build awareness of the advances the egg industry has made in reducing its environmental footprint over the past 50 years and build on outreach efforts that started in the fall. The egg industry’s landmark Environmental Footprint Study continues resonating with the media in online outlets such as Phys.org Newsletter, E! Science News, Yahoo! Finance, San Jose Mercury News and Boston Business Journal. The release has also sparked social conversation online, getting shared a total of 1,040 times on networks such as Twitter, FB, Google+ and StumbleUpon. To date, the updated release has been picked up by 324 outlets, resulting in more than 7.5 million impressions.

Jones County Junior College receives $1,600 USPOULTRY Foundation grant TUCKER, Ga. — Jones County Junior College, in Ellisville, Miss., recently received a $1,600 student recruitment grant from the U.S. Poultry & Egg Association’s USPOULTRY Foundation. The check was presented by Pic Billingsley, director of development and engineering for Sanderson Farms and USPOULTRY board member, to Dr. Tim Ishee, agriculture and science instructor for Jones County Junior College in Mississippi. Assisting in the presentation were Dr. Jesse Smith, president of Jones County Junior College; and Mark Leggett, president of the Mississippi Poultry Association. “We are very thankful for the generosity of the USPOULTRY Foundation and for the grant we received to help expose more students to careers in the poultry industry,”

Special

Jones County Junior College: Dr. Tim Ishee, second from right, agriculture and science instructor for Jones County Junior College in Mississippi, recently received a $1.600 U.S. Poultry & Egg Association USPOULTRY Foundation recruiting grant from Pic Billingsley, second from left, director of development and engineering for Sanderson Farms and a USPOULTRY board member. Joining them are Dr. Jess Smith, president of Jones County Junior College; and Mark Leggett, president of the Mississippi Poultry Association.

Ishee said. The USPOULTRY Foundation board approved student recruiting grants totaling more than $183,000

to the six U.S. universities with poultry science departments and 14 other institutions with industryrelated programs.

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www.continentalagra.com Cumberland, Cover D.....................................................................................................................217-226-4401; www.cumberlandpoultry.com Diversified Imports, Cover C, 12.....................................................................................................800-348-6663; www.diversifiedimports.com Eagan, 12H.....................................................................................................................................................870-878-6805; www.eaganmfg.com Ecodrum, 12F..................................................................................................................................701-446-6139; www.ecodrumcomposter.com Farm Alarm, 12J............................................................................................................................................800-407-5455; www.farmalarm.com Flame, Cover B.................................................................................................................................. 800-255-2469; www.flameengineering.com IPS- Carefree Enzymes, 11...................................................................................................................262-878-3899; www.naturesenzymes.com J&D Mfg., 12D..................................................................................................................................................... 800-998-2398; www.jdmfg.com Liphatech, Cover III........................................................................................................................................415-351-1476; www.liphatech.com Lohmann, 12C...................................................................................................................................... 800-655-1342; www.lahinternational.com Once Innovations, 12H........................................................................................................................ 763-381-5621; www.onceinnovations.com Port-A- Kuul, Cover D.................................................................................................................................... 800-231-9940; www.kuulpads.com Preserve, Cover IV.............................................................................................................................................................................800-995-1607 Reeves, Cover II........................................................................................................................................888-854-5221; www.reevessupply.com Southwest Agriplastics, 12K.............................................................................................................................800-288-9748; www.swapinc.com Southwestern Sales, Cover A.............................................................................................................................800-636-1975; www.swsales.com Star Labs, 12F...................................................................................................................................................800-894-5396; www.primalac.com Taylor Power, 9...........................................................................................................................................800-367-7639; www.taylor power.com Water Cannon, 12D...................................................................................................................................800-333-9274; www.watercannon.com Weigh Tech, 12J........................................................................................................................................ 800-457-3720; www.weightechinc.com

POULTRY TIMES, March 31, 2014

CSU-Fresno & Modesto Junior College receive grants TUCKER, Ga. — California State University-Fresno and Modesto Junior College in California recently received a student recruitment grant of $7,000 and $6,300, respectively, from the U.S. Poultry & Egg Association’s USPOULTRY Foundation. The checks were presented by Richie King, vice president of chicken plant operations for Foster Farms and USPOULTRY board member, to Dr. Michelle Ganci, lecturer, poultry instructor and internship coordinator, Animal Sciences and Agricultural Education Department, California State UniversityFresno; and Marlies Boyd, professor, Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Modesto Junior College.

“We are very thankful for the generosity of U.S. Poultry & Egg Association and for the grant we have received again this year for development of our poultry science program! We will use the funds to assist with the FFA State Poultry Judging contest, attending the California Poultry Federation meetings and conference, as well as working with our local 4-H and FFA groups with various projects, tours and clinics,” Ganci said. “We were very fortunate to receive the USPOULTRY Foundation grant. The funds will be used to support and promote the Modesto Junior College Poultry Science major. The grant will help us purchase awards for our annual Poultry Judg-

ing competition, which attracts students from all over the state. We will be hosting the Stanco (Stanislaus County) poultry show at Modesto Junior College thanks to the funding, and we will also be traveling to the State FFA Convention to participate in the career show,” Boyd said. The USPOULTRY Foundation board approved student recruiting grants totaling more than $183,000 to the six U.S. universities with poultry science departments and 14 other institutions with industryrelated programs. The foundation provides annual recruiting funds to colleges and universities to attract students to their poultry programs.

Biomass power plants could help rural economies University of Missouri

COLUMBIA, Mo. — As energy costs rise, more Americans are turning to bioenergy to provide power to their homes and workplaces. Bioenergy is renewable energy made from organic sources, such as biomass. Technology has advanced enough that biomass power plants small enough to fit on a farm can be built at relatively low costs. Now, University of Missouri researchers have found that creating a bioenergy grid with these small plants could benefit people in rural areas of the country as well as provide relief to an overworked national power grid. “Transporting power through power lines to remote, rural areas is very inefficient and can be expensive for farmers and other rural citizens,” said Tom Johnson, the Frank Miller Professor of Agricultural and Applied Economics in the MU College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources and professor in the MU Truman School of Public Affairs. “Farmers already have access to a large amount of

biomass material left over each year after harvests. If they had access to small biomass power plants, they could become close to self-sustaining in terms of power. If the grid was improved enough, they could even provide additional power to other people around the country, helping to stabilize the national power grid. This could help save rural citizens money and be a boon for rural economies.” Johnson says that as citizens of rural areas become bioenergy producers, they will realize other advantages. First, local transportation costs are lower compared to regions that must import transportation fuels providing local businesses with an advantage over urban centers. Second, major consumers of processed energy, such as some manufacturers and firms with large air conditioning needs, will find rural areas more attractive because of their lower prices for energy. Johnson says none of these benefits will be realized unless policymakers work with people from

rural areas to provide funding to grow the infrastructure. “This is unlikely to occur without clearly articulated goals coupled with strategic guidance from policy,” Johnson said. “We need an integration of policy and programs among community leaders, rural entrepreneurs and economic developers or practitioners who act as conduits between entrepreneurs and policy. In order to grow this bioeconomy, the goals of these actors need to be aligned.” Johnson does warn that if this bioeconomy system is created, safeguards must be in place to protect the renewable resources, such as biomass. He also says mechanisms must be in place to ensure an equitable distribution of the rewards from investing; otherwise, local citizens risk becoming impoverished by the destruction of renewable resources and potential environmental degradation. Johnson published this study in the journal, Biomass and Bioenergy.

Special

California State University-Fresno/Modesto Junior College: (Top photo), Richie King, vice president of chicken plant operations for Foster Farms and a U.S. Poultry & Egg Association board member, recently presented a recruiting grant to Dr. Michelle Ganci, California State University-Fresno for $7,000. (Bottom photo) King also presented a $6,300 recruiting grant to Marlies Boyd, Modesto Junior College.

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• Most powerful curtain and vent machine in the industry • Heavy duty construction and long life • Internal manual open/close switches for easy installation • Safety switch prevents over-run • Motor has instant reverse capability and high temperature safety • Totally sealed and lubricated for life • Reliable, trouble-free unit ◦ PCB circuitry ◦ Simple, accurate limit switches

Over the years, we have earned the trust of thousands of growers. Join our family and bring Diversified into your house.

www.DiversifiedImports.com

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Toll Free: 1 800 348 6663 • info@diversifiedimports.com

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Proven and Dependable Consistent product performance, experienced local dealers, and a responsive work ethic has made Cumberland/Hired-Hand a trusted name for over 30 years. Let our proven and dependable equipment and services go to work for you.

Visit us at www.cumberlandpoultry.com 1004 E. Illinois Street • Assumption, IL. 62510 • Ph: 217/226-4401 Fax: 217/226-4420

You’ll find everything you need to know about: • What makes KÜÜL® pads your best choice for evaporative cooling media

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• Applications and standard sizes • Charts and support documents • And much more! VISIT BOOTH 405 AT THE INTERNATIONAL POULTRY EXPO FOR MORE INFORMATION

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New

aNd Improved!

D OVE N R P O IM LATI U M FOR & NEW ! PE SHA

Up to 54% more palatable - more dead rodents for your money! New gnawing edges to promote feeding Stop-feed action: rodents cease feeding after consuming a lethal dose Kills rodents within 24 - 48 hours Perfect for knocking down rodent populations when de-populating flocks or herds Breaks the anti-coagulant cycle .5oz (14 gram) mini block 130 count mini block pail, 4 pails / case Norway Rat Test - Grain Storage Facility Consumption in 13 Days

Grams Consumed

(800) 351-1476 www.liphatech.com

Grams Consumed

House Mouse Test - Grain Elevator Consumption in 31 Days

New & Improved Formulation Current Formulation

Data is based on a summary of Liphatech field study results.