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Volume 2 | Issue 2 December 2015
EDITORIAL Monthly Magazine for Feed Technology
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
For the last two decades, Indian Dairy Association and Indian Cattle Feed/ Poultry
Published by BENISON Media SCO 27, 2nd Floor, Mugal Canal Market Karnal - 132001 (Haryana) Tel: +91 184 4036770 info@benisonmedia.com
Feed and Aqua Feed Manufacturers have been pleading to the govt. of India for stopping the export of oilmeals in general and soymeal in particular to other countries, as it used to push up the prices of the oilmeal in the domestic market. The logic was simple.
Publisher & Editor Prachi Arora prachi.a@benisonmedia.com
Because of the largest population of bovines and poultry that India possess in the world, our demand for feed ingredients is also highest in the world. But unfortunately the supply of feed ingredients is pathetically low. In such a precarious situation,
Managing Editor
exporting feed ingredients to other countries is ironical rather
Dr. T.K. Walli Former Head, Dairy Cattle Nutrition, NDRI
plays a significant role in India's rural economy and has been
something suicidal. Apart from that, our large livestock population identified to provide a good support to our poverty alleviation
Business Head Vinod Kumar Saini info@benisonmedia.com
programme. This is also true that livestock contributes so significantly to India's agricultural GDP. Thus, a drop in export of soybean, for whatever reasons should have been a welcome occurrence. But the drop we learnt is not due to any change of
Designing & Marketing Ashwani Verma ashwani.v@benisonmedia.com
mind, but due to poorer yield of soybean crop and higher cost of its production, which shoots up the prices, compared to world prices. The argument put forth that the soybean export brings in much needed foreign exchange is not as valid today as it used to
Circulation & Subscription Head Sunny Kamboj subscribe@benisonmedia.com
be two decades back. Well, if at all India has to export something, it should be the value added finished /processed foods of animal origin, like, dairy products, processed meat, chicken and fish products. We need to do something urgently to increase the yield
EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Dr. Dinesh T. Bhosale Former Chairman, CLFMA of India
of soybean crop. It is rather high time that Govt.of India takes a major initiative for bringing in a second green revolution in the country, whereby, we make all our efforts to increase the production of oil seeds, pulses and protein rich legumes for
Mr. Amit Sachdev Indian Representative, US Grain Council Dr. P.E. Vijay Anand US Soybean Export Council Dr. Suhas Amrutkar Subject Matter Specialist, Animal Nutrition, MAFSU, Parbhani
domestic consumption of our human and livestock population. In this very issue we have included a unique poem by Nadir Godrej, from one of India's top most feed manufacturing Industry, I mean “Godrej Agro-Vet”. The poem has not been titled, but I have suggested the following title for such a poem: “ A healthy feed industry can make a healthy nation”.
Dr. SN Mohanty Former Principal Scientist, CIFA
The poet, Sh. Nadir Godrej has composed this poem, maintaining
Dr. Meeta Punjabi Mehta Agricultural Economist
perceived to describe the present scenario of the Indian feed
Dr. Swamy Haladi Feed Additive Expert Dr. R Gnana Sekar Lead Consultant, GS Dairy Farm Consulting
rhyme and rhythm all through. It has been so thoughtfully industry and the way forward for its future prospects. Just in a poetical manner, a comparative nutritional significance of feed ingredients, and broadly their plus and minus points have been highlighted. The poet has also outlined the reasons behind the increase in the cost of some of the important feed ingredients.
Dr. Suraj Amrutkar Assistant Professor, Dept. of ILFC, SKUAST-J, Jammu
There are also tips as which ingredients could be cost effective and which ones could be nutritionally better. T. K. Walli
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Monthly Magazine for Feed & Feed Technology
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
Vollume 1 | Issue 10 | August 2015
Contents RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
05 Fish Soy to increase its digestibility to more than 95 percent INDUSTRY THOUGHTS
06 Present scenario of Poultry Industry 08 Market Forces impacting India's feed industry through 2020 and beyond ARTICLE
10 National Fodder Policy to Boost Domestic Production 18 Indian Feed Industry: Past perspective and future challenges MARKET PROJECTIONS
12 India's Soymeal export market share likely to remain subdued in 2016 13 Unsustainable maize prices in India INTERVIEW
14 Interview with Novus International PELLETING TIPS
16 Negative Impacts of Poor Conditioning in Pellet Making
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22 Developing country needs to strengthen quality control systems in feed analysis EVENT COVERAGE
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Printed by: Jaiswal Printing Press | Published by: Prachi Arora | On behalf of: Benison Media | Printed at: Chaura Bazar, Karnal-132001, Haryana | Published at: SCO-27, IInd Floor, Mugal Canal Market, Karnal-132001, Haryana | Editor: Prachi Arora Think Grain Think Feed is a monthly magazine published by BENISON MEDIA at its office in Karnal. Editorial policy is independent. Views expressed by authors are not necessarily those held by the editors. The data/information provided in the magazine is sourced through various sources and the publisher considers its sources reliable and verifies as much data as possible. However, the publisher accepts no liability for the material herein and consequently readers using this information do so at their own risk. Although persons and companies mentioned herein are believed to be reputable, neither BENISON MEDIA, nor any of its employees or contributors accept any responsibility whatsoever for such persons’ and companies’ activities. All legal matters are subjected to Karnal Jurisdiction.
R&D
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
Fish Soy to increase its digestibility to more than 95 percent
feeding fish soy, not fish, more sustainable; environmentalists not so sure
R
Much of the tilapia, Atlantic salmon and catfish that Americans toss into their shopping carts are raised in fish farms, where companies traditionally feed them pellets containing anchovy, menhaden and herring. The harvest of those small species has pretty much flat-lined, SDSU professor Mike Brown said, and humans' increased demand for fish has driven up the cost of creating the pellet feed. “We've fully exploited that resource,� he said, noting that the goal is to create a more sustainable and cheaper food source. But some environmentalists worry that feeding fish species an uncommon food source could produce excess waste that muddies up inland tanks or offshore waters where fish are raised. Toying with soy also has the potential to open new markets to soybean farmers dealing with stockpiles that have driven down prices, said
Jeremy Freking, executive director of the South Dakota Soybean Association. Researchers at the Brookings facility have been working with species including coho salmon, rainbow trout, barramundi, white leg shrimp, yellow perch and hybrid striped bass to see how much of the feed can be added to the species' diets without affecting physiology or reducing growth. The goal in agriculture and aquaculture is to have 100 percent of an ingredient digested, absorbed, metabolized and incorporated into muscle tissue, Brown said. Through pre-treatments and microbial fermentation, his research team has been able to increase fish's ability to digest more than 95 percent of the protein and energy, he said. But if soy protein-based food results in excess waste, aquaculture could become even more damaging to the environment, said Patty Lovera, assistant director of the Washington-based sustainability group Food & Water Watch. "It's also important to look at the entire environmental footprint and industrial fish farms already have a pretty large one. The equation would have to include all the factors going into crop production," she added.
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Scientists say
esearch supported by the soybean industry is looking to convert some farm-raised fish into vegetarians. A South Dakota State University fisheries scientist is developing a soy protein feed that's tasty and easily digestible to eventually reduce the industry's need for using wild-caught fish as food for farm-raised fish.
Source: US News
05
INDUSTRY THOUGHTS
Present scenario of Poultry Industry
www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
Poem composed and delivered by Mr. Nadir Godrej on the occasion of Knowledge day 2015 in Hyderabad
06
As the digestible protein None of the pulses have a lot. Agronomically they've lost the plot As all their yields are very low. Imports have now begun to flow. To get their yields to improve For they are stuck in a groove. The soya bean is an exception But as a food it meets rejection. Because of its reasonable yield It's protein's cheap while in the field. It's not palatable till modified, Mr. Nadir Godrej Not edible till detoxified. Our weather now is out of range And all of this adds to the cost Perhaps because of Climate Change. Much of the benefit is lost. Our policies have badly failed This might lead to confusion Our water resources aren't availed. But for a simple conclusionSo agriculture's growth is slow The answer lies, as we will see And the only sector that we know Within our own industry. With really good growth potential The way forward is innovation. Is animal husbandry and it's essential Quick progress is the need of the nation. That this sector should rapidly grow At Godrej Agrovet you see For agriculture to clearly show We've invested much in R&D. It can approach the heady growth All our team worked very hard Of the other sectors, as both To set up our centre NGCARD. Services and industry Now chicken and egg both provide Are known to grow rapidly. Affordable protein, just see the slide. And without growth there'll be no charm The protein content is very high In struggling on at the farm. And therefore it's quite easy to try The demand for meat as well as eggs In micro nutrients poultry protein are rich Stands on very sturdy legs: And taste of course is something which As the population rises The vegetable sources just can't match. And the nation urbanises Research is on for a substitute. Women will work more and more Now I don't think I can refute And so consumption's bound to soar. That someday somewhere we will eat More chicken and eggs they will taste. A tasty vegan ersatz meat. Some vegetarians will make haste For us all may still not be lost To branch out just a little bit If we focus on the cost. And eggs and chicken will be a hit. I think this effort will be moot And all will find it rather nice If we're cheaper than the substitute. That we don't need to raise our price. The egg is an amazing thing I don't intend to be rude And I for one could always sing But pulses are no fancy food. Its praises, for it's packaged well And yet their price is now so high Within its own protective shell. That truffles too might heave a sigh! And in it you will surely find Now cereals make for hearty fare Fine nutrients of every kind. They do provide a major share And I don't want to sound contrarian Of calories on the cheap But sterile eggs are vegetarian. And protein at a price not steep. Not just an ordinary view but rather, Alas! All cereals' nature's such The considered view of the nation's father. Their protein content isn't much. We ourselves may be surprised Indeed when it's correctly seen
But Poultry's often criticised. Now cruelty is one dimension And that's the first I will mention. It's important we take stock And try and keep a happy flock. There is indeed much aversion To our industry's poor conversion. And not the usual FCR Which doesn't really get us far. As our products have much water In truth we really ought to Measure dry matter FCR. Alas! This is a higher bar. For eggs it's eight and meat its five. But the good news is that we can strive To bring these numbers very low And soon I think we will know How to make our compound feed Without the slightest need Of ingredients humans directly eat. That indeed would be a feat Which would justify our role. This surely is a worthy goal. With layers this is state of art For broiler too to be a part Some more work will be needed. With eggs opportunities abound Many additives can be found. I do believe we can succeed In transforming eggs through the feed. There may be gloom but we haven't lost Because we know how to slash the cost And yet produce the tastiest food Quite adequately imbued With vitamins, minerals and protein. And so I think the future scene If we work with all our might Can indeed be very bright. Poem composed and delivered by Mr. Nadir Godrej on the occasion of Knowledge day 2015 in Hyderabad. Complete poem is uploaded on official website of the magazine- www.benionmedia.com
INDUSTRY THOUGHTS
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
world. The animal nutrition industry must continue to push for new innovations and technological changes to increase production rates in converting feed to protein and milk yields as the industry will be forced to produce more with less (land, water, raw materials, etc.) in the future. Rising GDP per capita - The size of the middle class in China and India is projected to grow fourfold from 200 million people to 800 million in each country by 2030. In India, this growth would signal that the average GDP per capita will rise from $5,600 to $8,400 by 2020. This increasing GDP can take many final shapes in consumer spending however normal historical patterns in developing economies have shown that a large portion of the higher disposable income will be spent on improving nutrition likely shifting a portion of cereal based diets to include more proteins. This market force will be a positive for the India livestock industry to produce more milk, meat, and eggs to meet the increased demand.
I
ndia faces the same market forces that are currently impacting the global animal nutrition community. As an industry, we must learn to
embrace these future changes and Robert Schubert Managing Director Cargill Premix& Nutrition, India
work together to mitigate the risks posed to the end consumer of milk and
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proteins (egg, chicken, fish, shrimp, and
08
milk). Five general market forces that the industry faces at a global level and at the India level are as follows: Growing world population - Many global organizations are projecting an increase in the global population from 7.2 billion in 2015 to 9.1 billion by 2050. Whether we look in absolute terms (1.9 billion, 26%) or the annual growth rates of 0.7%, this change will put a strain on all global resources to be more efficient to produce enough food to feed the
Increasing market volatility - Since the early 2000's, we have experience major swings in global commodity prices due to changing weather patterns, shifting end uses for grains like biofuels, and increased demand to feed the economic growth in Asia. As India is a closed market today for grains and protein meals, the global impacts of higher prices in maize and soymeal have been less than other markets. However in the past two years, the local Indian markets for maize and soya meal have not decreased in the same way as global markets leaving the India producer and end consumer in a nonfavourable position. These factors combined with already volatile prices for milk and meat have greatly impacted stakeholder profitability in the
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
Indian livestock industry. A concerted
main drivers of future consumer
done across all parts of the value chain.
effort must be made to build local risk
choices and change the value chain for
Our industry has a major role to play in
management tools for producers to
all producers.
the noble cause of feeding the world.
manage raw material price risk and
Adding regulations and policy - A
We must tell our story to all consumers
finished products for volatile price
consistently dynamic area to manage
so that the facts of our industry and
movements.
for the future remains changing
science behind production is well
Changing customer needs - Whether
regulations and policy. Whether the
understood.
we look at the end consumer level of
issue is antibiotic growth promoters,
Many of the common market forces will
milk, eggs, and proteins or the
potential imports of genetically
have positive impacts for India. The
farmer/producer level in our industry
modified grains and proteins, or future
industry will be consistently challenged
what the customer needs today will not
tax/infrastructure changes we must find to improve production in profitable
be the unmet need of the future.
ways to maximize the efficiency of the
ways, but the continued growth of the
Changing demographics across India in
industry and increase the profitability
Indian livestock industry should
terms of age, urban vs. rural population, across all stakeholders in the livestock veg vs. non-veg preferences will
industry in India. Globally as a feed
continue through 2020 and beyond. As an industry we must proactively
continue to have major impacts
industry we must do a better job of
work together to address these risks
downstream to the livestock industry.
proactively managing external
as we can turn these potential issues
Time (convenience), price (value), and
communication to our end user
into major development opportunities
nutrition availability will become the
customer base and marketing the work
for future industry growth.
India's Poultry market facing tough time due to less availability of feed raw materials export." In the wake of lifting sanctions, Iran shifted soybean meal buying from India to another origins. Currently India is out priced by USD 100 against other origins in Iranian market.
Price of maize is ruling at INR 1650 a quintal as against normal price of INR 1300, while soya is selling at INR 4000 a quintal as against last year's INR 3000.
“The other challenge we face is huge import duties on vitamins, chemicals and Indonesia, Taiwan and Vietnam reduced amino acids. We don't manufacture them considerably due to disparity in export in here but are very crucial in the health of The export of oilmeals during November these regions against severe competition the birds. We are paying about 22 per 2015 is reported at 112,081 tonnes cent duty on these items, making us less from other origins including China and compared to 189,032 tonnes in competitive internationally. We want the Argentina. November 2014, down by 41%. The government to either remove the duties Poultry Players demand for Duties overall export of oilmeals during Aprilor reduce drastically,” a representative of removal on Maize and Soya Imports November 2015 too is reduced by 38% a poultry firm, who doesn't want to be compared to last year and reported at With shortage of feed staring at it, the quoted, said. 895,646 tonnes compared to 1,452,105 poultry industry has asked the Union Centre's response tonnes during the same period of last Government to remove duties on import year. The industry representatives submitted a of maize and soya to bail out the memorandum to the Government to "Soybean crushing is very much farmers. Severe drought across the consider removal of the duties. The reduced due to continuous disparity and country has resulted in poor flow of government has said it is actively high price of domestic market affecting maize and soya, the main feed for the overall domestic availability of both oils considering removal of import duties on industry. and meals. Similarly rapeseed meal maize and soya as it did four years ago. export is also reduced to one third of last “There will be a shortfall of 4 mt of maize “The government removed the duties in and 2-3 mt of soya. This would mean an 2012 when the country faced a similar year," stated an Solvent Extractors' additional expenditure of 20-30 per cent drought. We will discuss the poultry Association of India release. than what we spend in a normal season. industry's appeal. We will take it up with It added, "The capacity utilisation is at This would cause the industry heavy the lowest. Industry is passing through the Union Agriculture Minister,” Sanjay R very tough time and many plants are losses,” said G B Sundararajan, Managing Bhoosreddy, Joint Secretary, Government close down or operating at very low Director of Suguna Foods Pvt Ltd, one of of India, said. capacity due to disparity in crushing and the largest poultry players in the country. Source : Economic Times and Business Line The export to Japan, Iran, Thailand,
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Indian soyameal exports declined to 22% during the first 8 months of the current financial year as compared to similar period of previous year thanks to Japan, a big importer of Indian soyameal shifting to GM soyameal, lifting of sanctions on Iran and stiff competition from other countries.
09
ARTICLE
W
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
hile inaugurating the producer with highest livestock
research stations to address this
23rd International
population in the World of
problem.
Grassland Congress
approximately 512 million, this is a
Fodder Shortage : The problem
in New Delhi
very real issue with a long lasting
As can be deduced from above, there
impact in the livestock sector.
is considerable demand for fodder in
www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
November 20, the Agricultural
10
Minister, Sh. Radha Mohan Singh said The National Dairy Plan on the other "Fodder sources in India are from hand is focused on the aim to double
very important for dairy animals as it
crop residues, cultivated fodder,
boosts milk production, being
its milk production over 2012- 2027.
India. Green fodder in particular is
forages and forests, permanent The milk production in India has pastures and grazing lands. Currently, grown stably in the last decade and India is facing a deficit of about 35.6 today it produces around 140 million
absorption of nutrients. It is also
per cent of green fodder and about
tonnes of milk and contributes a
crucial for better reproductive
10.9 per cent of dried fodder.�
whopping 17% alone to the global
efficiency.
The Honourable Minister went on to
milk production - majority of which
India is facing a severe green fodder
mention that the Government would
comes from small farms. Addressing
crisis due to two major reasons:
bring out the National Fodder Policy
fodder shortage is thus, a priority for
to boost domestic production. Thus,
the National Dairy Plan as well.
facing shortage of fodder majorly
However, in order to keep up the
due to shrinking of the country's
above figures and also, reach the end
grassland, the Centre's plans seems
goal, India now stands at the point,
clearly aimed towards addressing the
where it is necessary to take some
issue at the earliest before it
very strong steps of damage control
becomes a chronic problem.
of Fodder Shortage. The Government
Being the World's highest milk
of India has also reportedly decided to expand the network of fodder
nutritious. Besides that, it keeps the animal healthy, aids in digestion,
1. Inadequate grassland Today, India has 38 million hectares of grassland as opposed to 70 million hectares in 1947. Besides this startling statistic, a survey based on remote sensing techniques and field observations conducted by Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute (IGFRI) has
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
also reflected the decline in major
residues so that it can be utilised as
The National Fodder Policy aims at
grasslands, adversely hitting their
fodder. Besides increasing the supply
solving the key problems of livestock
animal-carrying capacity.
of fodder, the move will protect
nutrition and ability to respond to
To address this problem, one of the
environment.”
road maps being discussed is, the
Fodder Shortage affect on the development of database of common market property resource and a national With severe fodder shortage, the grassland.
prices of both fodder as well as feed
the sector. This would bring in more money to support a better and more sustainable growth in times to come.
have increased phenomenally. This
One of the crucial aspects in this
2. Burning of Crop Residue
alone accounts for 60 to 70 per cent
Fodder Shortage situation which may
Despite it being provenly harmful for
of the production cost of milk, meat
have often been overlooked is the
the Environment and also the
and other items.
wastage of dry fodder material,
The prices of milk, meat and a host of
farmers in India continue to burn
other livestock products has spiraled
crop residue, to get their field cleared for the next crop. India is facing a deficit of about 35.6% of green fodder and about 10.9% of dry fodder. If farmers across the country stop burning crop residue, it would substantially decrease the deficit of dry fodder. Following observations pointed out by the Indian Agricultural Research Institute in a
upwards. This has hit the market hard. The demand has grown due to
non availability of fodder seeds. Seeds can be safely pegged to be the most critical factor in expanding fodder crop average and raising yields. However, this remains an area where a lot is yet to be done. While
which the limited supply but the root
IGFRI reports the existence of over
cause lies in the shortage of and
200 high-yielding varieties of fodder
thereby the high cost of fodder and
crops, grasses and other types of
feed. There exists a low productivity
forage, including the leguminous
of Indian farm animals-currently in a
plant species capable of enriching
range of an alarming 20 to 60
rangelands with nitrogen, these are
percent lower than the global
yet to reach the farmers. Today
average. Animal Scientists have
Agriculture: Potential, Constraints
hardly 15 to 20 per cent of the seed identified the lack of fodder and feed demand for forage crops is being as one of the key reasons behind this. met. Technologies and techniques to
and Policy Needs” are important to
Fodder and feed is crucial for any
understand about the impact of this
interventions in animal husbandry
storage are also expected to come
and/or production to work. Nothing
into the purview of The National
Approximately 500 million tons
can be fully realised, in terms weight
Fodder Policy. This could directly
of crop residue is produced
gains or milk production from
address the situation of crop
annually by India
advanced interventions, until
burning encouraging farmers to
A large portion of this is burnt in
animals are provided with optimum
access suitable alternative measures,
the fields, mostly to clear left
nutrients.
like converting the collected
over straws post harvest. This
The way forward
happens due to unavailability of
Besides twin situations of shrinking
labor, high cost of residue
grasslands and widespread burning
bulletin titled “Crop Residues Management with Conservation
practice: !
!
removal, increasing use of
of crop residue, at the moment, less
combines, lack of availability of
than 5 per cent of farmland in India is
residue picking field machinery.
devoted to fodder farming. The
All this ultimately leads to:
budgeting for fodder development in
!
Destruction of the dry fodder
total animal husbandry budget is also
!
Environmental pollution
considerably low. The National
!
Hazards to human health
Fodder Policy can change the
!
Production of greenhouse gases
!
Loss of plant nutrients such as N,P,K & S
In the above context, the honorable minister also mentioned “Law should be made to stop burning of crop
situation for better. The statements
suit farmer needs and methods of
residues into densified complete blocks or pellets, in order to produce a complete balanced feed, as an alternative to green fodder based feeding system. There has been a key shift from the Government's side leading to prioritising the finding of a solution to this crisis. The declaration of the intent of coming out with The National Fodder Policy is a very positive step and is sure to snowball
made by the Honorable Minister
into raising livestock productivity
gives an indication of a strong
and increasing supplies of animal
political will and key understanding
products and reducing the market
to an issue which has been discussed
prices in the times to come.
across several platforms.
In this article inputs have been taken from Economic
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programme for rejuvenation of
interventions to increase production which would also boost investment in
Times
11
MARKET PROJECTIONS
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
India's Soymeal export market share likely to remain subdued in 2016 Abhijeet Banerjee, Religare Commodities
I
ndia is unlikely to regain export
production of soybean meal and
the future, potentially ending its status as
market share in the coming year as soybean oil. Also, rapid growth in domestic consumption of soybean meal per the latest report from the US
a net exporter. These circumstances may provide opportunities for the United
might result in Indian exports in 2015/16
States and South America to expand
country has been a significant regional
dropping to a 28-year low of 700,000
shipments to Asia. Even China processors
exporter of soybean meal once, but
tons (estimation by USDA).
are also exporting more soybean meal to
India has been consuming soybean oil
Asian countries which were traditionally
Department of Agriculture. The
now the domestic use of soybean
served by Indian suppliers.
products has been expanding year after and exporting the excess meal
year. As per the latest data shown by USDA, there is a 40% drop in our oilmeal exports, for the April to October period, over last year during the same period.
historically. Growth in domestic poultry
Monsoon uncertainty will always persist
and egg production has increased
in a given year, and not much effort has
demand for protein meal. But rising
been taken to boost up production of
demand for soybean meal has
soybean crop. Different factors
unfortunately coincided with a lesser
contributing to hurdles for decreasing
soybean production, tightening supplies
export market share of Indian origin
and pushing local prices significantly
soymeal, is becoming a concern for
above world levels. This situation badly
country's economy. The threat of India
impacted Indian soybean meal exports,
moving out of exporters' category will
particularly to distant markets. Nearly
enhance further, in case adequate
50% of India's soymeal exports went by
measures are not taken up by the
surface trade to neighboring markets,
Government.
primarily to Bangladesh and Pakistan. Yet Meanwhile with respect to the global these rapidly-growing markets are price outlook, higher availability of
As per data released by the Solvent
seeking alternative suppliers, purchasing
Extractors' Association of India (SEA),
not only more affordable soybean meal
offset global meal demand quite
oil-meal exports during the period fell
but also soybeans. India's strong
comfortably. Hence soymeal prices in
to 763,113 tonnes from 1.26 million
domestic use and declining export
India and world markets might prefer
tonnes for the corresponding period
prospects appear likely to continue into
moving in sideways trend in 2016.
soybean and strong global crush shall
last year. Oilmeal exports dropped to 13,716 tonnes, in the month of October Demand-Supply Estimates for Indian Soymeal ('000 MT) 2015 alone, down by 94 per cent from Crop 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 (Oct ) 2015-16 (Nov) 238,703 tonnes for the same month last Production
year. Poor soybean yields in India prompted the USDA to lower its 2015/16 crop
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6640
5680
6960
5840
Total Consumption 3490
4050
4710
5220
5170
Demand-Supply Estimates for Major Exporters of Soymeal ('000 MT) Production
2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 (Oct ) 2015-16 (Nov)
US
39174
36909
40879
40483
40700
Argentina
26089
27892
30892
32180
32575
Brazil
27310
28540
30870
30610
30960
beset by a succession of unfavorable
Exports
2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 (Oct ) 2015-16 (Nov)
growing conditions like top productions
Argentina
23667
24972
28545
30200
30600
Brazil
13242
13948
14390
15200
15600
US
10111
10474
11929
10569
10750
hot temperatures stressed soybeans
Total Ending Stocks
2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 (Oct ) 2015-16 (Nov)
forecast by 1.5 million tons this month
12
7920
to 9.5 million. Since production of a record 2012/13 harvest at 12.2 million tons, Indian soybean crops have been
regions received lesser monsoon rains in August. September month was mostly dry while during pod filling. Another subpar
Brazil
3098
3065
4315
4055
4295
harvest this year will constrain Indian
Argentina
3253
4073
4120
4043
3600
soybean crushing and the domestic
US
249
227
236
272
272
Source: USDA
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
Unsustainable maize prices in India India maize prices continue to move up as rains during Rabi season could be a damper. But the Bihar government has announced a subsidy for the maize
warehouse) and deliveries are scarce. At
growers and money is being earmarked
the market yards in South India,
for two irrigations for crops other than
particularly in Telangana and Andhra
wheat (wheat will get money for three
Pradesh prices are being quoted between
irrigations).
Rs.15700 15900/MT and deliveries are
Future prices as NCDEX closed in last
very slow. Materials available is of varying
week of November is lower than last
quality and must be mixed. In some of the week, primarily of news of better sowing market yards, the deliveries stopped some start, Dec down .38% to Rs.15810/MT; Jan
$146.84/MT. There was change in FOB
20 days back and in some, like Badepally
down 1.11%t o Rs.16050/MT; Feb down
prices and FIB prices US Gulf were
the arrivals till date have been about 50%
1.81% to Rs.16290/MT and Mar down
indicated at $173/MT and CNF to SEA
of last year. Traders hint at prices going up 2.48%to Rs.16530/MT. Spot prices were further, but such high prices are not up, Nizamabad up 2.19% to Rs.15718/MT;
region at $215-217/MT' Prices at PNW were indicated at $183/MT. Prices at other
sustainable for any end users industry and Davanagere up 1.19% to Rs.15575/MT; the demand will drop which is going to Karimnagar up 2.42% to Rs.15533/MT;
$173/MT; Brazil $173/MT; Black Sea origin
bring down the prices and arrivals may
Sangli up 1.25% to Rs.16200/Mt and
$172/MT; France $176/MT. Due to short
increase. That too also may not be good
origins too remained the same, Argentina
Gulabbagh up 3.47% to Rs.16283/MT.
week trade, no major change was seen in
as lower prices could spur the demand
In the US, due to the thanks giving
DDGS prices, which were indicated at $188-
and cause panic buying.
holiday the business was slow and corn
192/MT and delivered to SEA region in the
As the rabi sowing started on a good note on CBOT dropped marginally. Dec down especially in Bihar and higher prices will 1.10%to $141.41/MT; Mar down 0.65% to
sources, CGM was priced at $607/MT (FOB).
help farmers decide to sow corn, lower
Source: Techproindia
$144.56/MT and May down 0.64% to
range of $220-224/MT. Other protein
www.benisonmedia.com
arrivals dry up. Prices reached a high of Rs.16283/MT at Gulabbagh (NCDEX
13
INTERVIEW
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
Novus International-a global leader in animal health and nutrition, is dedicated to developing innovative solutions that allow its customers to do more with less. Mr. Stuart Court, Director for South Asia and Southeast Asia Pacific shares about antibiotic resistance, company's strategies for India and many more in recent interview with Think Grain Think Feed.
www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
First of all, on behalf of TGTF team,
14
challenges by providing innovative
we would like to extend a warm
solutions including the reduction of
welcome to you India. Would you
feed costs, effectively managing gut
please share a brief about yourself
health and improving tissue integrity
and your role in Novus India.
and health. At Novus we are about
Thank you. I have been with Novus
providing innovative total
since 2009 and have recently taken up
management solutions that optimize
the role of Director, South Asia and
livestock and poultry production.
Southeast Asia Pacific. Before this, I
Service is central to company's
was leading the Novus Technical Team
interaction with customers and
in this region. In addition to
business partners. We believe in
supporting clients, the role allowed
providing superior customer service to
me to gain an appreciation for the
help our customers deal with their
diversity of animal production systems challenges. We provide our in the Asian region including in India. stakeholders professional, Moving forward I will continue to
knowledgeable support from people
manage Novus's support teams to
with appropriate backgrounds, as well
ensure that our customer's needs are
as an understanding and commitment
being well addressed.
to the markets and communities we
Kindly throw some light on the
serve.
Novus-3S Concept (Service,
As for sustainability, it is a priority for
Solutions and Sustainability).
Novus. It is ingrained in our mission to
Novus has pledged to answer
make a difference in sustainably
customer issues and industry
meeting the growing global need for
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
nutrition and health. We have a social, environmental and economic obligation to deliver products, services and programs that ensure a sustainable future for all of us. For the, last three years the Indian poultry industry is been in a bad shape, on other hand, the dairy and aquaculture sectors have seen significant growth. How has this kind of trend affected the strategies of Novus business in India? We understand that today's poultry industry faces more challenges than ever before. While providing valuable protein to a growing world
welfare and environmental concerns. At Novus we are dedicated to ensuring that we provide the best quality products in the market, verified by science and proven in production. By incorporating feed ingredient solutions from Novus into animal diets, customers can improve the profitability of their operation.
intend to deal with it? “Realize the Hidden Value” is based on
to be addressed in a holistic manner.
the premise that Novus products offer
We are conducting extensive research
superior value to its customers,
to provide alternative solutionsto
beyond traditional product functions
antibiotic use. Over the past ten years,
of competitive offerings. We believe
the use of feed additives as an
that customers can capture additional
alternative to antibiotics has been on
value from their operations in five
the rise. Novus has been very
important ways:
successful in implementing this
-
concept in developed countries. We
Novus is assisting in developing a sound strategy for achieving optimal production, as well as consultation on
-
Reducing feed costs by extracting more benefit from feed
are working closely with animal
ingredients
protein producers to educate and
Optimizing animal health through nutrition backed by our dedicated
sustainable practices and products.
research team
The company is dedicated to advancing the industry through
-
Offering professional,
various collaborations with
knowledgeable, local and friendly
professional organizations and
customer service and support
educating consumers on important
-
Addressing industry challenges
issues.
globally through various
The company provides products and
collaborations, and
solutions for dairy animals from
component to sustainability and needs
-
Providing superior quality
growing heifers through transition and
products in the market, verified by
into lactation period. As for Aqua, we
science and proven in production
implement strategies for antibiotic free feed in Asia. Please share your vision for Novus India from 10 years down the line and giving your assessment about which of the segments out of poultry, dairy or aquaculture would contribute better to the your business? Novus India vision aligns with the overall vision of the company which is to “to feed the world affordable wholesome food and achieve a higher
are committed to making aquaculture
We understand that our customers
quality of life”. We have optimistic plans
production more efficient and
want to do more with less, ultimately
for each of the business segments and
profitable while ensuring sustainable
increasing profitability and minimizing
confident that each segment will
practices.
environmental impact; therefore we
contribute fairly to the overall business.
About a decade ago, there were
are committed to help them to serve
The company's portfolio of products
limited options available for the
their purpose.
and programs are designed to support
customers. But today, the scenario
A lot is being said today about
producers in all aspects of production
is totally changed, when there are
antibiotic resistance, not only here
and across various species be it poultry,
now many companies pushing their
but across the world, what is your
aqua or dairy, playing a vital role in
products in the market. How Novus
take on this particular issue?
optimizing performance, efficiency,
stands this tough competition and
Antibiotic resistance is a vital
sustainability and profitability.
www.benisonmedia.com
population, it is also important to focus on managing food safety, animal
15
PELLETING TIPS
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
Negative Impacts of Poor Conditioning in Pellet Making Dr Naveen Kumar, Delst Asia
With inappropriate temperatures during conditioning, Pelleting may result in poor broiler performance. Long residence time horizontal conditioners Most of the operations in the compound feed manufacturing process
www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
make an impact on the nutritive value
16
of the complete feed. The adverse
based diet results in increased feed
nutritional effect is exerted mainly
viscosity due to greater solubilization of consequences (Camire et al., 1990). This
nutritional and functional
through nutrient digestibility and
fiber, which may occur at higher
is positive for pellet binding; however,
energy utilization
conditioning temperatures. This
Maillard products may impair
Pelleting may result in starch formation
impedes nutrient absorption in the
nutritional value of the feed due to
which is not susceptible to enzymatic
small intestine and also increases the
reduced utilization of proteins and
hydrolysis (resistant starch). Bedford
amount of substrate available for
perhaps carbohydrates (Pickford, 1992;
(cited in Creswell and Bedford, 2006)
bacterial growth in the hindgut
Hendriks et al., 1994; Thomas et al.,
reported a significant reduction in
(Creswell and Bedford, 2006).
1998).
weight gain and increase in feed per
High temperatures and low moisture
Pelleting can affect naturally occurring
gain of broilers fed maize-based diets
content used in thermo-mechanical
vitamins in feed ingredients as well as
with pelleting temperature at 93â °C
treatments are known to favor the
the commercial vitamins added to the
compared to 85â °C. Loss of lysine and
Maillard reaction (Voragen et al., 1995).
feed. Despite making endless efforts for
arginine due to Maillard complex
In presence of water and heat, free
increasing the stability of commercial
reaction with sugars, retro-gradation of
aldehyde groups from reducing sugars,
vitamins, pelleting remains a potentially
starch into enzyme-resistant starch
such as glucose, fructose, lactose, or
aggressive process. Therefore, pelleting
which causes loss of available energy,
maltose, and free amino groups from
conditions should be carefully
increased viscosity due to solubilization
amino acids, the epsilon-amino group
controlled to minimize vitamin losses
of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP)
of lysine in particular; may combine to
(Gadient, 1986).
and loss of heat-labile vitamins,
form melanoides that darken the
exogenous enzymes and crystalline
Optimal processing is pre-requisite to
product and also increase viscosity
amino acids, are some of the known
attain maximum nutritional value of
(Voragen et al., 1995; Thomas et al.,
negative effects of high conditioning
feed. As under- processing may be
1998). This reaction, known as non-
temperatures.
associated with incomplete inactivation
enzymatic browning, has important
of anti-nutritional factors, insufficient
Viscous cereals (wheat and barley)
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
starch gelatinization and inadequate
denaturing the protein, which may also
performance of birds (Greenwood and
protein denaturation, whereas over-
expose new sites for enzyme 
 attack Beyer, 2003; Cutlip et al., 2008), but it
processing may result in the formation
(Camire et al., 1990). Improper steam
is also evident that high pellet
of resistant starch and Maillard reaction
conditioning will greatly affect
durability did not overcome poor or
products, and inactivation of
digestible protein value.
negative effects of high conditioning
supplemental enzymes and vitamins.
Conditioning at 90°C probably supplied
temperature on bird performance.
Heating starch can also reduce its
more heat above the gelatinization
For getting best results in poultry
digestibility, if not done properly. After
temperature for wheat starch than
using pelleted feed, a combination of
heating, amylose can potentially
maize starch, and resulted in an
optimum working conditions are
recrystallize (retrograde) and become
improved PDI in wheat-based diets.
required, which are listed below:
less digestible than it was prior to heating. Whereas overheating starch
However, it should be noted that due to a) low moisture content during
can result in Caramalization. This
conditioning, the degree of
conditioning (dwell) time in a
condensation of amino acids with
gelatinization in pellet diets is usually
properly designed conditioner for
sugars produces indigestible Maillard
low and components other than
suitable steam conditioning
product.
gelatinized starch are major
Since feed processing involves a
contributors to physical quality of
combination of shear, heat, residence
pellets (Svihus et al., 2004). It is
assistance for moisture adsorption
time and moisture, it may result to
noteworthy that in spite of an
during steam conditioning
partial denaturation of the proteins in
improvement in PDI of wheat-based
the digestibility increases (Voragen et
intake of the birds fed with these diets
al., 1995). In general, heating improves
were negatively affected. Although it
the digestibility of proteins by
is generally believed that high pellet
inactivating enzyme inhibitors and
durability is associated with better
climatic scenario with sufficient
Starch gelatinization along with deliquescent as a chemical
Information provided herein is not to discredit anyone but simply to highlight current practices and problems, and to guide how feed pelleting can be done more effectively and productively.
www.benisonmedia.com
the feed (Thomas et al., 1998), by which diets with increasing conditioning temperature, we ight gain and feed its solubility generally decreases and
b)
Correct steam type in a given
17
ARTICLE
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
Indian Feed Industry: Past perspective and future challenges Ishfaq A. Dhobi, Bilal A. Malla Introduction
fodder is hardly 2 percent of the world's to enhance the feed supply. In spite of
Livestock wealth is deemed as the
geographical area under fodder
oldest wealth resource for mankind and production. This has put tremendous pressure on the availability of fodder. was once considered symbol of
this, there is a gap in the demand vs. supply. As per estimates, the deficit of
dry fodder, concentrates and green Only 4.4 percent (8.36 million hector) of fodder currently is 10, 33 and 35 economic status in the society. Even percent respectively, which by 2020 is today, livestock keeping a crucial role in the cultivated area is under forage crops. The annual total fodder likely to increase slightly up to 11%, rural economy and livelihood security. production is 907.85 million tons 35% and 45% respectively. India's livestock population is the largest in the world. As per 19th
(509.01 million tons green & 389.84
Present status of Feed industry in
livestock census, India has 190 million
million tons dry), where as the
India
cattle, 108 million buffaloes, 65 million
requirement is about 1759 million tons
sheep, 135 million goat, 10 million pigs
(1083 million tons green & 676 million
and 729 million poultry birds. In 2010-
tons dry) (Matti, 2007,
11 livestock generated outputs worth
etd.uasd.edu/ft/th9517.pdf) to support
Rs 2075 billion (at 2004-05 prices),
the existing livestock population. The
which comprised 4% of the GDP and
present fodder resource of the country
26% of the agricultural GDP.
can meet 46.60 percent of the
Interestingly enough, the total output
requirement with a deficit of 53 percent
in GDP from livestock sector was higher green and 41 percent of dry fodder. than the value of food grains.
Over the last two decades (1985-86 to
Driven by the structural changes in
2005-06) availability of various types of
agriculture, and the overall
feed has increased. Even though
consumption patterns, utility of
availability of feed resources vary from
livestock under newer scheme, things
area to area, but during this period, the
has been undergoing a steady
country as a whole recorded increase of
www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
transformation. The non-food functions 52% (240.7 to 365.8 Mt) in crop residues, 76.0% (19.6 to 34.5 Mt) in of livestock are becoming weaker.
18
Importance of livestock as source of
concentrates and 1.8% (124.3 to 126.6
'draught power' has declined
Mt) in green forages (10th-12th
considerably due to mechanization of
census).
agricultural operations and declining
To overcome the deficiency in fodder
farm size. Chemical fertilizers are
production, Government of India came
increasingly replacing use of dung
up with a proposal in 10th five-year
manure. On the other hand, their
plan. The priority was to ensure
importance as a source of quality food
Provision of nutritious feed and fodder
has increased. Sustained income and
through promotion of fodder crops &
economic growth, a fast-growing urban
fodder trees. To improve productivity of
population, burgeoning middle income
pasturelands, improved fodder varieties
class, changing lifestyles, increasing
were introduced and wasteland was
proportion of women in workforce,
developed for forage production. Feed
improvements in transportation and
and Fodder Development Scheme was
storage practices and rise of
also launched, which provided
supermarket culture especially in cities
assistance to States for enhancing feed
and towns are fuelling rapid increase in
and fodder production. Establishment
consumption of animal food products.
of fodder banks, enrichment of
Status of feeds and fodders
agricultural byproducts and supply of
In India the geographical area under
fodder mini kit are the major initiatives
Due to deficiency in quality feeds and fodders, the high producing animals are not getting their required nutrients, resulting in lower production, which is much below their genetic ability to produce meat or milk. This lead to the idea of balanced feeding and subsequently the introduction of manufactured compound feed on commercial basis. The term "compound feed" refers to the feed that is nutritionally balanced and is manufactured using the facilities of an analytical laboratory for testing its quality and is produced under the supervision of nutritionists. Actual feed manufacturing on a commercial scale and on scientific basis started around 1965, with the setting up of mediumsized feed plants in northern and western India. Feed was produced mainly to cater to the needs of dairy cattle as the poultry sector was not developed at that time and was restricted to backyard production only. With beef being a sensitive issue here, even the pork industry is almost nonexistent till now in the country. In 60's the production of feed industry was 50,000 tones and now it has grown up to 28 million tones (CLFMA, 2015). Though the feed industry in India being almost 5 decades old, it is still in a nascent stage, supplying only 10 percent of cattle and aqua feed and 50 percent of poultry feed.
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
Feed requirement (CLFMA, 2012; AHI Analysis): ! !
registered feed mills in Maharashtra, 37 in Karnataka, 35 in Tamil Nadu and more than 60 mills in northern zone. The following graph shows the distribution of
Compound Feed Requirement: 80
feed industry from four zones of India in 2011(allindiadairy).
Million Tonnes/Year
Quality control and quality assurance of feed:
Requirement for Dairy Animals: 30
Feed quality has been defined as “any of the features that make something what
Million Tonnes !
Present Market for Compound Dairy Feed is 5.5 Million Tonnes/Year
!
Private feed Sector: 1.2 Million Tonnes
!
Dairy Cooperatives: 2.5 Million Tonnes
!
Unorganised Sector: 1.8 Million Tonnes
Today, feed is produced in various forms like Mash, Crumbles, Pellets, Blocks, Nuts, Meals and Rolls. The National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) has developed and is now supplying on commercial scale, UMMB lick to improve the nutritive value of traditional cattle diet. After conducting successful research trials on different aspects of Bypass Protein Feed at NDRI now producing bypass protein feed on a commercial scale, which is gaining popularity among farmers, as it is bringing improvements in growth, health productivity and reproduction of dairy animals. The different feed ingredients used in the industry are: !
Cereals and Grains Maize, Sorghum, Bajra, Wheat, Rice
!
Cakes and Meals Soyabean, Ground nut, Mustard, Rapeseed, Sesame
!
By products -Maize gluten, Chunis, Molasses, Wheat bran, Rice bran
!
Feeds of animal origin -Meat meal, Fish meal, Bone meal, Ca (PO4)2, Feather meal
!
Feed additives and supplementsPrebiotics, Probiotics, Enzymes, Antibiotics, coccidiostats.
Distribution of Feed Industry in India: The Indian Feed industry has spread its wings all over India with near about 50
it is” and “the degree of excellence which it possesses.” In India, a statutory body of Bureau of Indian Standards regulates the quality control. It was established under BIS Act, 1986. Bureau has set up subcommittees for the standardization of various types of commodities. A subcommittee on animal feeds called Animal feeds sectional Committee has been specifically set up to check the quality of animal feeds and feed ingredients. BIS standards, dairy feed requirements Characteristic
Type I (IS: 2052, 1979, reaffirmed 1990) Moisture (maximum%) 11 Crude protein (maximum%) 22 Crude fat (minimum%) 3 Crude fibre (maximum%) 7 Acid-insoluble ash (maximum%) 3 Source: Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.
Type II (IS: 2052, 1979, reaffirmed 1990) 11 20 2.5 12 4
CLFMA specifications for compound feeds, dairy cattle and buffaloes Characteristic
Dairy Type I feed Type II feed Type III feed special feed 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0
Moisture (maximum%) Crude protein (on dm basis) (minimum%) 22.0 20.0 Undegraded protein (maximum%) 8.0 Crude fat (minimum%) 3.0 2.5 Crude fibre (maximum%) 7.0 7.0 Acid-insoluble ash (maximum%) 3.5 4.0 Source: CLFMA standards for compound animal feeds.
18.0
16.0
2.5 12.0 4.5
2.0 14.0 5.0
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and other research centers, NDDB is
19
ARTICLE
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
additives is a major hindrance to the Indian feed industry. Worldwide, animal feed supplements and additives are covered under the Harmonized System of Nomenclature (HSN), to which India is a signatory. In the HSN, all feed ingredients are listed under the "free" category for import, but the Indian Government put them into the "restricted" category. These products are vital ingredients of compound The standards laid down by the sub
measures by legislation to ensure
animal feed for improving the quality of
committees are published as BIS
quality and safe feeds at controlled
the final feed and making it conversion-
specifications. The approved published
cost. Many regulations have been put
efficient. The import duty rate in most
standards are revised from time to time. forward viz.
Asian countries is zero but in India it is
In India, feed industry is represented by
The Prevention of Black Marketing
about 40%. Another threat to the
association called Compound livestock
and Maintenance of Supplies of
industry is posed by local sales taxes
feed manufacturers
Essential Commodities Act,1980
which are going up with every
association(CLFMA).
!
!
Measures (Packaged Commodities)
This present decade may see significant
for poultry, dairy cattle and buffalo. In
Rules,1977
changes in restructuring, mergers,
business is quite competitive and feed
!
The Consumer Protection Act,1986
!
Schedule of Tariff Values of the
manufacturers therefore endeavor to produce feed of the highest possible quality. To check the quality of feed, it is
Articles Liable to Cess for 2006-07
regularly. The feed is also analysed for amino acids, aflatoxin, ochratoxin,
acquisitions, amalgamations, joint ventures, diversification, intĂŠgration and efficient service chains, ecommerce and use of the latest
!
Agricultural Produce Cess Act,1940
!
Edible Oils Packaging (Regulation)
tenders, trading, export/import and
Order,1998
other commercial activities.
The Prevention of Food
The root of all these developments
Adulteration Rules,1955
should be the scientific development of
analyzed for proximate principles
www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
changing government.
It has proposed different specifications the organized sector, animal feed
20
The Standards of Weights and
!
information technology in global
castor, tannins and urease activity.
However, in spite of all these measures
feed manufacturing technology. Hence,
There is a high degree of awareness of
and legislations, feed quality checks in
Indian feed industry will increasingly
feed microbiology among feed millers.
India leaves much to be desired. All
use biotechnology, more scientific
Feed raw materials and finished
said and done, not enough is done to
formulations, new molecules and
products are subjected to microbial
keep a cap on feed quality in this
natural and herbal products to improve
counts, Salmonella and Escherichia coli
country. This is very much true for
animal productivity.
testing and mould count. Some
small scale feed production, where
Indian agriculture will also use
progressive feed millers have acquired
adulteration is rampart.
biotechnology and genetically modified
the latest technologies and modern
Future Challenges for Indian feed
organisms (GMOs) to support the feed
equipment such as high pressure liquid
industry
industry. The country could greatly
chromatography (HPLC) and near-
The Feed industry has several
reduce the gap between requirement
infrared (NIR) analysers. All vitamins,
reservations about implementing BIS
and availability of feeds, provided it
minerals and other feed additives are
standards. There is a lack of flexibility in
opts for the cultivation of GM crops,
regularly analysed using modern
these standards and they are lagging
which may usher the country into
analytical techniques. Most of industries far behind the industry's products. For
another spell of green revolution. Then,
are advocating HACCP-hazard analysis
cattle, they have not been revised for
in that case the even higher proportion
critical control point measures to
30 years, while the BIS standards for
of grains can be diverted for animal
ensure safe feeds. Indian scientists are
poultry are obsolete. BIS is a halt to
feeding, apart from more availability of
constantly working to upgrade the
innovations as all innovations would
grain byproducts and oil cakes as
quality of Indian feed and make it
have to be passed by BIS, and such a
animal feed.
completely safe for animal feeding.
process is likely to take several years to
Ishfaq A. Dhobi, SKUAST-K
Government is also taking control
complete. The classification of feed
Bilal A. Malla, National Dairy Research Institute
FEATURE
A
study conducted jointly by
Also higher number of outliers were
FAO and International
observed for developing countries (7.6-
Analytic Group (IAG) in
8.7% vs. 2.9-3.0%). According to
Vienna, Austria, using data
Harinder Makkar of FAO who
from a proficiency test conducted by
coordinated this study, “the results
these organizations, has demonstrated
illustrate higher need for developing
that there is an urgent need to place
country feed analysis laboratories to
quality control systems in, and follow
improve the quality of data being
good laboratory practices by, feed
generated.�
analysis laboratories in developing
Mr. Makkar further stated that without
countries. A proficiency test for various
without sound data on chemical
a robust quality control system, the
constituents (proximate, macro- and
composition, precision feeding or
laboratory personnel are unable to
micro-minerals, additives and amino acids) was conducted in which
www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
laboratories from Europe (40) and
22
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
reliable chemical and nutritional value data on feed ingredients. In addition,
balanced feeding approaches that evaluate the quality of the results being demand nutrient provision, as per the generated. Developing countries need nutrient requirements of the animal, to address this issue seriously because
developing countries (73) participated.
cannot be used. Unbalanced feeding
it could adversely impact their export
The data obtained allowed a
results in lower profit to farmers,
and increase wastage of feed and food
comparison of the performance of
production below the genetic potential
items for not meeting the quality and
these two sets of laboratories. Higher
of animals, reproductive problems for
safety standards. Also generation of
standard deviation and several folds
example longer age of first calving and
sound data is fundamental to
higher coefficient of variation were obtained for the developing country laboratories. For developing country
longer calving interval, animal being implementation of nutritional principles more prone to metabolic diseases such and for getting benefits from them. For as milk fever and ketosis, shorter sustainable development of the
productive life, poor animal health and
feed analysis laboratories the
livestock sector, generation of sound
coefficients of variation for chemical
welfare, and excessive amounts of
chemical composition data of feed
composition parameters, macro-
pollutants released to the environment
ingredients and mixed or compounded
minerals and amino acids were higher
feed is vital.
by up to 9-fold, 14-fold, and 10-fold
Feed industries are neither able to
respectively, compared with those for
resource good quality ingredients nor
European feed analysis laboratories.
prepare balanced feeds without having
FAO in action Some of the possible ways to improve the situation are that governments consider increasing investment for improving laboratory infrastructure and
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
laboratory proficiency. Development of
organized proficiency tests. FAO has also
place of a proper control mechanism for
sound training programmes and their
been providing relevant educational
the data being generated by the
effective execution is warranted. Higher support to the laboratories through its
laboratories in the framework of their
donors' attention to this issue and
sponsored projects. Similarly, journals
network of experts. However, these
provision of greater funds for
efforts need to be translated into a
while considering the work for
developing capacity of laboratory
movement within countries by
publication in the journal may also seek
personnel are needed. Many functional
formulating government policies, for
information from authors on the quality
laboratories can improve the quality of
example setting up of a body overseeing control set up in their research
the data without much investment. A
quality of data being generated by
laboratories. Certification and
culture of generating quality data needs
laboratories and the laboratory
accreditation of laboratories by an
to be practiced through a change of
operations; and by supporting
outside agency may be encouraged but
mindset. This can be achieved by
laboratories through investments and
most laboratories in developing
integrating quality control systems and
capacity development. The efforts of
countries do not have funds to achieve
following good laboratory practices. FAO International organizations will only be
this. Use of internal standards will enable
has taken a number of steps in this
the laboratory personnel to evaluate if
catalytic towards furthering a culture of
direction: produced various manuals on
generation of quality data. Large impact
they are producing quality data. Also
quality control systems in feed analysis
can only be generated by government
creation of a network of laboratories
laboratories, distributed them at no-cost
actions and policies, including
within a country and running of annual
and made them available on FAO
promoting public-private partnerships.
website for free downloading; arranged
in-country proficiency tests would contribute to furthering the proficiency
The donors, besides supporting efforts on-line courses on risk management and that enhance quality control systems in of laboratories, at a relatively low cost. quality control enhancement; and laboratories, may also demand putting in Source: FAO
India's journey from soymeal exporter to impoter overseas supplies to India. There is also
China until three years back, has started a rule that stipulates that only non-GM
US, the sources said. After a surge in soymeal production by
importing it from its northern
soymeal can be imported into India.
46 per cent in the past five years, China
neighbour as global prices have
When China has been importing GM
has been aggressively exporting the
dropped following a huge soybean
soybean, how can it make non-GM
animal feed with 1.6 million tonnes
crop in Brazil and the US.
soybean, sources asked.
estimated for the current year as
Feed makers are said to have
It is difficult to check imports, as has
compared to just 472,000 tonnes in
contracted imports of about 10,000
been happening with edible oils, an
2010-11. China's import of soymeal fell
tonnes of soymeal, sources said.
exporter said, requesting not to be
to 20,000 tonnes from a level of about
India exports soymeal to South East
identified as he does not want to be
300,000 tonnes five years ago,
Asian countries such as Vietnam,
seen to oppose imports. “Those who
according to USDA data.
Thailand and Indonesia, besides
are planning to import, they also buy
In contrast, India exported 10.5 lakh
neighbouring Bangladesh, Pakistan and
from us,� he said.
tonnes of soymeal in the marketing
Nepal. Indian soymeal has been always
Feed makers, who have contracted to
year ended September 30, according to
at a premium over other countries as
import from China, will be getting
soybean processors association of India
there is no genetically modified (GM)
soymeal at about $480 a tonne (Rs
(SOPA) data. Shipments dropped to 1.1 million tonnes in marketing year 2014-
soybean grown in India. Exporters have
31,394 a tonne) at their doorstep while
been able to get a premium of about
the Indian product will cost them about 15 from a record 4.8 million tonnes in
$50-$60 a tonne as the product is
Rs 35,000 a tonne plus freight, the
2010-11, according to USDA.
marked as non-GM feed.
sources said.
Soybean crop in Brazil is expected to
In July 2006, the commerce ministry
China imports about 79 million tonnes
rise to 100 million tonnes this year from
appointed the Export Inspection Council
of soybean annually as its production
96.2 million tonnes last year while the
of India to issue a non-GMO certificate
has been falling while consumption has
US is likely to harvest about 106 million
for soymeal exports as there is
surged, according to the US agriculture
tonnes against 107 million tonnes a
preference for it, particularly in Europe.
department data. As it is the world's
year-ago. As a consequence, global
Currently, soymeal imports attract a
largest importer of cooking oils, it is
prices of soybean have dropped 13 per
customs duty of 15 per cent which is
logical that they are also making meals
cent since January 1 this year.
considered very low as a check on
after buying soybean seeds from the
Source: mydigitalfc
www.benisonmedia.com
India, which was exporting soymeal to
23
INDUSTRY NEWS
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
Newfoundland-grown corn project add hopes to make dairy industry less reliant on mainland feed Corn for cows Dr. Mumtaz Cheema of Grenfell Campus, Memorial University Professor and agronomist with his team prepared corn that is meant to become silage corn a version of the grain that is processed into animal feed and to be widely used in island's dairy industry, where self-sufficient feeding is still more of a dream than reality. "In Newfoundland and Labrador, farmers can grow and fulfil the feeding requirements for their animals only up to 10 per cent, and the rest they import from mainland Canada. If I am able to produce silage corn, with a high biomass, with good quality traits, i think that will be a big contribution, a big help to the farmers," said Cheema. The science behind the stalks
varieties of corn," explained Cheema.
hairs - all the root characteristics," said
The October harvest is the first in a
A heating unit is a measurement used
Cheema.
two-year study to research what corn,
to quantify the temperature various
That data shows which varieties can
and what fertilizers, work best on the
crops need to grow. Cheema's corn
send roots deep into the rocky soil and
island. The project is led by Cheema,
varieties require between 2000 and
absorb the most nutrients: key factors
but also includes more faculty and
2200 heating units to flourish. To
to corn success.
researchers at Grenfell Campus' Boreal
compare - many Ontario varieties
Looping in local poop
Ecosystem Research Initiative, the
typically soak up 3000 heating units.
provincial government, and west coast
Throughout the field, there are slim
of-its-kind study on the island
dairy farmers.
cylindrical tubes inserted into the soil:
analyzing the greenhouse gasses
Cheema and his team planted five,
root scanners, that look like
associated with fertilizing the crops.
carefully chosen varieties of corn on the subterranean pool noodles, but actually small, 0.2 hectare test site in Pynn's
capture images of the corn roots as
Brook back in June. "Because on the
they grow. "We can analyze it through
island, we don`t have high heating
software, actually, and that will tell us
units, so we`re growing low heating unit how root length is, root diameters, root
Another aspect to the project is a first-
"We know in manure, there's nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, all those micro- and macronutrients available. That again depends on composition of this manure if the manure has more
www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
phosphorus or nitrogen," said Cheema.
24
He is particularly concerned about the nitrogen present. While naturally occurring, when nitrogen in manure breaks down, it turns into nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas that has a far greater impact on the atmosphere than carbon dioxide. "So we need to actually figure out what would be the best practices. By adopting those, we can reduce the emission of greenhouse gases," he added. Source: CBC
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
Future trading can solve worries of Maize farmers Even as maize crops have been
Sources said from the 60,000 ha, 30
Officials in the district administration
harvested, purchase centres for the
lakh quintals of maize was produced
said the purchase centres have not
cash crop are yet to be opened in the
but the Regulated Market Committee
been opened till date as no traders are evincing interest in buying maize.
district. The district administration
did not procure the crop. As a result,
had earlier announced to open three
farmers were forced to sell their
On the other hand, there has been no
such centres from November 1 at
produce at less than the minimum
headway into online trading of maize
Raighar, Umerkote and Jhariam where support price to traders. In the
grown in the district. Last year,
maize is grown in a large scale.
absence of marketing linkage by the
NCDEX Spot Exchange Ltd (NSPOT), a
A decade back, farmers of
Government, a large number of
leading exchange for daily electronic
Nabarangpur district had taken up
farmers decided to shift to other
trading of agricultural commodities,
maize farming as it required less
crops from maize this year.
had proposed the Odisha
water for irrigation and meant more
Last month, the minimum support
Government to provide online
profit than the traditional paddy.
price was fixed at INR 1,325 per
trading facility in select mandis for
Umerkote emerged as the main
quintal and it was also decided that
agricultural commodities. The spot
maize producing region of Odisha.
the produce would be sold through
exchange provides the farmers across
Over the years maize growers have
auction method by private parties at
the country with an option to sell
been badly affected as there is no
the three purchase centres. Farmers
their produce to a trader based at
proper market.
said if the purchase centres had been
any place using its facility. It had
opened, private agencies could have
identified Umerkote market for
This year, maize was cultivated in 38,000 hectares (ha) of land in comparison to last year's 60,000 ha. The cultivation area came down in wake of procurement issues last year.
auctioned the maize produce. “This
starting the pilot trading facility in
would have helped us get more
maize.
money than the Government- fixed
The facility, however, could not see
price depending on the quality of the
the light of the day.
crop,” said Ramesh Pradhan, a farmer. Source : The New Indian Express
Vietnam inks deal to export straw to Japan for cow feed Rice straw, which is usually treated as waste and burned after each harvest in Vietnam, will become a valuable export product for the country next year. A new agreement signed recently in the Mekong Delta city of Can Tho allows the state-owned Song Hau Collective Farm to sell straw from the coming winter-spring crop to the Japan Beef Import Export Association for cow feed production.
That makes Vietnam, one of the biggest rice producers in the world, a great alternative supplier. The new export deal is “a major opportunity” for farmers in the Mekong Delta to earn a better income. “Usually, farmers just burn or bury the straw after a harvest, which causes air pollution or organic contamination of the soil,” he said. Phu said the Japanese association will provide equipment and training to help his collective farm process the straw properly before exporting. The agreement also discussed plans for the two partners to cooperate in raising milk cows in the Mekong Delta, with funding from the Japanese government.
www.benisonmedia.com
Yutaka Aoyama, director of the Japanese association said that Japan needs to import around 220,000 tons of processed straw every year and nearly half of that used to come from China. But the country has stopped sourcing from China after detecting harmful bacteria in its straw, he said.
Source: thanhniennews
25
EVENT COVERAGE
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
Wide Range of Additives & Technology at Feed & Grain Show FIAAP, VICTAM & GRAPAS AsiaAsia's
crumblers, sifters and hammer mill, the
and storage of grain, seed, and feed
largest specialised Feed & Grain event
goal of Stolz is to offer machines that
and food products. The product range includes technologies within drying,
will take place at BITEC, Bangkok,
will help its customers in producing the
Thailand from 2931 March 2016.
best possible quality of semi-finished or seed processing, conveying, storage
Tyson Animal Nutrition Group, supplier
finished products.
and electronic sorting as well as
of protein feed ingredients serving
California Pellet Mill (since 1883), is a
advanced control and automation
aquaculture, agriculture, and
world-renowned pelleting specialist,
systems.
companion animal food manufacturers
equipped with a wide range of
There are almost 200 exhibitors from all
understand the importance of superior
machinery for crushing, grinding,
over the world, they offer technology
nutritional quality and track &
densifying, cooling, drying, sifting,
used within the animal feed, dry
traceability for feed ingredients. The
computerize process controls,
petfood, aquafeed, rice & flour milling,
Group is exhibiting at FIAAP Asia 2016.
ingredient scaling systems and
grain processing and biomass industry
Another major exhibiting company at
extrusion.CPM has its innovative
sectors. As a visitor you should be able
FIAAP Asia is Special Nutrients, Inc.-
developments such as Wired Shear Pin,
to find what you are looking for over
worldwide leading supplier of
Remote Knife Adjustment, Automatic
the three days of the event.
scientifically proven anti-mycotoxins
Remote Roll Speed measurement and
A number of technical conferences
additives produced in two production
electronic oil indicator which allows
which will assist specialists with
sites in the USA. For more than 25 years their customers to enhance their productivity as well as having a safe the company has offered reliable products which have the capacity to
March 29
adsorb and retain most important
Whilst R端ter Maschinenbau will be
! FIAAP Animal Nutrition Conference
mycotoxins affecting poultry.
displaying their self-balancing
VICTAM is another exhibition taking
Crossyoke-Plansifter, which is designed
! Aquafeed Horizons Asia 2016
place alongside FIAAP, which specializes to ensure minimum structural stress, at the co-located trade showGRAPAS Asia in feed production technology.
! GMP+ Feed Safety Assurance
Asia 2016
March 30
! Petfood Forum Asia 2016 ! Global Milling Conference with
The B端hler Feed & Biomass business
housing, customizable sieve stack and
has been continuously adapting its
patented sieve cleaner. Furthermore,
product portfolio specifically to the
plansifters are economical to install.
2016
needs of customers in Southeast Asia.
Capacity at first break of up to 5 tph,
March 31
B端hler Changzhou, a highly successful
per sieve stack. Control-sifting with a
affiliate of the Feed & Biomass business capacity of up to 100 tph. unit has been setting new benchmarks Another is Sun Magnetic Sys-Tech Co.,
www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
industry sector are:
working environment.
Following are the companies with major 2016. Leading-edge innovations include light-weight aluminum sieve stack participation at the VICTAM show:
26
applications and developments in their
for feed mill quality standards in
Ltd. from China, a professional
Southeast Asia since its launch in 2008.
manufacturer of permanent magnetic
On the basis of a shared technological
systems. With more than ten years'
B端hler platform, a range of products
experience the company provides its
have been developed and produced in
customers with customized solution for
China that matched regional
magnetic separators in the food
requirements.
industry.
Stolz is a French company which has
A number of exhibiting companies are
developed various technical solutions
marketing their products to different
of high efficiency. With their wide range industries which will be in both VICTAM and GRAPAS Asia 2016. One of these is of equipments such as automated flat
GRAPAS ASIA Conference 2016 ! 2nd ASEAN Feed & Rice Symposium
! Biomass Pellets Asia Conference 2016
During the event, a special Feed & Rice Symposium will be organised, where a number of respected international speakers will present papers on a number of different subjects. It is open free of charge to ALL registered visitors. You can pre-register free now as a visitor on www.fiaap.com, www.victam.com& www.grapas.eu. This edition will be 25th Anniversary event for the Victam to be in Thailand. For further information please visit the organiser's websitewww.victam.com or
storage, heat treatment, pellet mills,
Cimbria-one of the world's leading
contact Mr. Ashish Kala at
mixers, fat-coaters, vacuum-coaters,
producers within processing, handling
maarcservices@gmail.com | +91 8295733669
2016
CALENDAR OF EVENTS
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 2 | December 2015
JANUARY International Production & Processing Expo Date: 26-28 January 2016 Venue: Georgia World Congress Centre, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Email: pstathes@ippexpo.org Web: www.ippexpo.org
Aqua India Date: 29-30 January 2016 Venue: Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India Email: contact@aquaprofessional.org Web: www.aquaprofessional.org
Ildex Vietnam Date: 23-25 March 2016 Venue: Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Email: ildex@vnuexhibitionsap.com Web: www.ildex.com
FIAAP / VICTAM Asia 2016 Date: 29-31 March 2016 Venue: Bangkok, Thailand Email: patriciaheimgartner@victam.com Web: www.victam.com
APRIL FEBRUARY Feed Tech Expo Date: 6-8 February 2016 Venue: NDRI, Karnal, India Email: feedtechexpo@gmail.com Web: www.feedtechexpo.com
VIV MEA Date: 15-17 February 2016 Venue: Abu Dhabi Email: renate.wiendels@vnuexhibitions.com Web: www.vivmea.nl/en
GFFC Date: 18-20 April 2016 Venue: Antalya, Turkey Email: info@gffc2016.com Web: www.gffc2016.com
JULY 2nd International Conference on Livestock Nutrition Date: 21-22 July 2016 Venue: Brisbane, Australia Email: livestocknutrition@conferenceseries.net Web: www.livestocknutrition.conferenceseries.com
MARCH OCTOBER
www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
AFMA Forum Date: 1-3 March 2016 Venue: Sun City, South Africa Email: admin@afma.co.za Web: www.afma.co.za
28
Vietstock Date: 19-21 October 2016 Venue: Saigon Exhibition & Convention Center (SECC, HCMC Email: vietstock@ubm.com Web: www.vietstock.org
AgraME Date: 13-15 March 2016 Venue: Dubai International Exhibition Centre Email: hannah.Clark-Sutton@informa.com Web: www.agramiddleeast.com
NOVEMBER EuroTier Date: 15-18 November 2016 Venue: Hanover, Germany Email: expo@dlg.org Web: www.eurotier.com
To list any industry event related to Grain & Feed industry please write us at editor@benisonmedia.com
Feed Tech Animal Feed Technology
Expo 2016
Animal Feed Technology Exposition
2016 06-07-08 February NDRI, Karnal, Haryana Exhibition focus on Feed & its ingredients, Additives, Equipment, Processing & Storage Organizers
Co-organizer
Official Supporter
Reserve your exhibit space today For exhibition queries
For conference queries
M: +91 8607463377 e: feedtechexpo@gmail.com info@feedtechexpo.com
M: +91 9416950175 e: ansicon2016@gmail.com
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Conference