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Volume 7 | Issue 11 September-2021
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Monthly Magazine for Feed Technology
MonthlyVollume Magazine for 10 Feed Technology 1 | Issue | August 2015
Contents
Publisher & Editor Prachi Arora prachi.a@benisonmedia.com
Managing Editor Dr. T.K. Walli Former Head, Dairy Cattle Nutrition, NDRI
08
17
Subscription Head Gaurav Chander g.chander@benisonmedia.com
R&D 04 Microplastics in fishmeal: A growing concern
INDUSTRY NEWS 20 Can India allow GM soybean cultivation?
INTERVIEW
22 Potential alternative to soya in poultry diets
Ashwani Verma info@benisonmedia.com
24 India signs Memorandum of Understanding with Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Published by
16 Talent Retention is no less than Customer Retention ARTICLE
08 Mycotoxin contamination in Indian feed commodities in the last decade: key takeaways 12 Mixing homogeneity of dry bulk amino acids and liquid amino acid analogue
26 Global expansion of leading alternative protein producer 28 Technology by India to convert keratin waste to animal feed
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30 Livestock can transform the rural economy
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Think Grain Think Feed is a monthly magazine published by BENISON Media at its office in Karnal. Editorial policy is independent. Views expressed by authors are not necessarily those held by the editors. The data/information provided in the magazine is sourced through various sources and the publisher considers its sources reliable and verifies as much data as possible. However, the publisher accepts no liability for the material herein and consequently readers using this information do so at their own risk. Although persons and companies mentioned herein are believed to be reputable, neither BENISON Media, nor any of its employees or contributors accept any responsibility whatsoever for such persons’ and companies’ activities. All legal matters are subjected to Karnal Jurisdiction. Disclaimer : The published material and images are sourced from various websites and newspapers, and used for information purpose only, if you have any issue, please inform us at info@thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in. BENISON Media or Think Grain Think Feed is not liable for any claim prior to written information.
Dr. Dinesh T. Bhosale Former Chairman, CLFMA of India Dr. S.P. Vinil Poultry Expert Mr. Amit Sachdev Indian Representative, US Grain Council Dr. P.E. Vijay Anand US Soybean Export Council Dr. Suhas Amrutkar Subject Matter Specialist, Animal Nutrition, MAFSU, Parbhani Dr. SN Mohanty Former Principal Scientist, CIFA Dr. Meeta Punjabi Mehta Agricultural Economist Raghavan Sampath Kumar Commodity Expert Dr. Swamy Haladi Feed Additive Expert Dr. R Gnana Sekar Lead Consultant, GS Dairy Farm Consulting Dr. Suraj Amrutkar Assistant Professor, Dept. of ILFC, SKUAST-J, Jammu
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R&D
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
Microplastics in fishmeal: A growing concern Microplastics ingested by marine biotaare contaminants of emerging concern. About a quarter of global marine fish landings is used to produce fishmeal for animal and aquaculture feed. Recent studies show a shift in marine debris composition to predominantly plastic; about 60 – 80% of the debris consists of plastic. Plastic debris ≤ 5000 µm is generally termed microplastic. There are multiple sources of microplastics and these can all be traced back to human activities on land or at sea. To provide a knowledge foundation for this matrix University of Southampton reviewed the existing literature for studies of microplastics in fishmeal-relevant species. 55% of studies were deemed unsuitable due to focus on large microplastics (> 1 mm), lack of, or limited contamination control and polymer testing techniques. Overall, fishmeal-relevant species exhibit 0.72 microplastics/individual, with studies generally only assessing digestive organs.It also suggested a suitable method for extraction of microplastics from fishmeal and proposed a better approach for controlling microplastic contamination during the extraction process. Threefold aims of study
04
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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
fish and fishmeal. However,
to quantify the
1.
To review the existing
microplastics. The
recovering microplastics
results will improve our
sized < 150 µm seems
¬understanding of the
impossible for fishmeal with
potential for
this method. This is a major
microplastics to enter
drawback of the KOH
the food chain via
method (potassium
fishmeal and inform
hydroxide preparation), since
future assessments of
smaller particles may be
associated risks to
prevalent as some studies
health and food security.
have shown; in one such
Extraction method for
study, all microplastics in S.
microplastics in fishmeal
pilchardus were 39–857 µm.
The use of different
Extracting smaller
extraction techniques is
microplastics
often a hindrance for
In this study, the researchers
comparison of microplastics
successfully used the NaCl
in fishmeal. A more suitable
flotation method to extract
extraction technique for
microplastics from fishmeal.
microplastics in fishmeal is
This method can extract
encouraged. The researchers
smaller microplastics (from
found that the potassium
55 µm) than the potassium
hydroxide digestion method
hydroxide digestions; this
is commonly used for
was important since 35% of
microplastic extraction from
potential microplastics in the
literature of microplastics in
Figure 1
fishmeal-relevant fish
From: Microplastics in fish and fishmeal: an emerging environmental challenge?
species to establish the
2.5
the raw material to fishmeal, including critically examining the methods used 2.
To establish a suitable method for extracting small microplastics from fishmeal – most studies focus on microplastics ≥149 µm. A wider size range gives better
Mean abundance of microplastics per individual
potential contribution of 2
1.5
1
0.5 n/r
0 Ammodytes personatus
Engraulis spp.
Euthynnus affinis
Micromesistius poutassou
Sprattus sprattus
Trachurus trachurus
Trisopterus esmarki
6
1
2
1
4
1
10
47
141
129
20
¬estimates of microplastic contamination in fishmeal. 3.
To test such a method on commercial fishmeal
Number of studies 1
Number of individual fish analysed overall 50 613
Mean abundance of microplastics per individual in studies assessing microplastics in fishmeal-relevant fish species. Only concentrations of ‘whole fish’ species used in fishmeal production are shown; 12 reviewed studies examined those species—four of those analysed two of such species each. n/r mean abundance was not reported. Error bars are 1× standard deviation of mean abundance per species of each study.
05
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R&D
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
fishmeal samples were < 150
Based on the correction for
measures, atmospheric
µm, highlighting the
recovery rates of 71.3% and
contamination may be
importance of recovering
spectroscopy assessment
unavoidable. Several studies
smaller microplastics and the
rate of 89.1%, the mean
show that most researchers
suitability of the NaCl
concentration of non-fibrous
conduct their work in
method. In this study, the
microplastics per kg of
laminar flow cabinets, but
overall recovery rate from
fishmeal was calculated to be
they lack implementation of
dosing trials with whitefish
about 71.9 items. However,
airborne controls. For this
fishmeal was about 71.3%,
other studies reported even
reason, using airborne
and about 49.3% for
up to 4000 – 6000
sardine/anchovy fishmeal,
microplastics per kg. of
proving that NaCl is a good
fishmeal. As the
extraction method. Even
microplastics could be
polymers of greater density
introduced at any point in
than the NaCl solution (e.g.,
fishmeal processing, the
polyester, rayon) were
concentrations in fishmeal
extracted with this
are generally higher than in
Conclusions
technique. In addition, there
the raw materials.
Microplastic extraction from
were low standard deviations
Microplastics in fish
whitefish fishmeal using a
In marine fish, the potential
simple NaCl density
microplastic exposure is
separation method is
likely to arise from ingestion
suitable for microplastics >
within the same type of fishmeal, suggesting high repeatability of recovery rates.
such as dampened filter papers during the extraction process should be considered even in clean environments.
of particles in the water
55 µm, the NaCl method
Measuring microplastics
column or on the sea-floor
might not be suitable for all
in fishmeal
that resemble prey, or by
types of fishmeal, and the
Polymer identification is
ingesting prey that
development of further
important, especially if you
previously ingested
methods is recommended to
want to reduce
microplastics themselves. It
enable their applicability to different fishmeal types and
overestimates of potential
was shown in this study that,
microplastic counts. For this
based on the review of
to enable extraction of
reason, it is imperative to
species destined to be
particles as small as 1 µm.
conduct spectroscopy or
included whole in fishmeal,
On the other hand,
other polymer identification
approximately 36
understanding the
methods. In this study,
microplastics per kilogram of
relationship of microplastics
approximately 90% of
fishmeal can be expected
between capture fish and
potential microplastics were
from the raw material.
fishmeal is important, as is
assessed with Raman
For the types of fish
their implications for direct
spectroscopy. A total of 11
assessed for microplastics,
and indirect consumers of
particles were confirmed to
the order of mean
be biomaterials, such as
fishmeal, given the
microplastic concentrations
tricalcium phosphate, while
importance of fishmeal for
per individual fish are shown
19 potential microplastics
food security. In addition, to
in Table 1.
improve comparability,
Controlling microplastics
future studies should provide
contamination
size-related information of
were confirmed to be plastic. Most of the microplastics found were polyethylene − a material used to make storage bags for fishmeal.
06
contamination monitoring
The scientists found that
the extracted microplastics.
even under strict control
Source: nature
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ARTICLE
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
Mycotoxin contamination in Indian feed commodities in the last decade: key takeaways Michele Muccio, Mycotoxin Risk Management Expert, Biomin Singapore Mycotoxin contamination is always evolving and thanks to advances in analytical methods the picture is getting more and more accurate. Twelve years ago, the FAO published a report stating that 25% of world's crops were contaminated by mycotoxins. Only one and half years ago, a new study reported mycotoxin occurrence in the level of 60-80%, more than double! Thanks to advances in mycotoxin analysis, we can now be more accurate on the real risk animals and humans are facing. In addition, the creation of large datasets allowed us to understand where the trends are going andwhat actions to take. India has always suffered from high levels of storage mycotoxins such as aflatoxins and ochratoxins, partially due to hot and humid climate coupled with poor grain storage management, partially because mycotoxin levels in feedstuff are not controlled. Authorities are now looking at improving food and feed safety by introducing new regulations on minimum acceptable levels for aflatoxins and pesticides. Although this move might bring some benefits to final consumers, it will certainly put
08
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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
(Afla) have been the most
of great concern, especially
prevalent mycotoxins,
taking into consideration
detected on average in
the documented ability of
83% of samples analyzed
this mycotoxin and other
and their prevalence never
trichothecenes to
dropped below 77%.
undertake synergistic
Fumonisins (FUM)have
interactions with other
been the second most
Fusarium and storage
prevalent mycotoxins
mycotoxins.
detected in India, followed
The average concentration
by ochratoxin A (OTA) and
of FUM in the last ten years
deoxynivalenol (DON) in
was 726 ppb, with peaks
third and fourth positions
that almost reached 10.000
respectively (figure 1).
ppb. While the average
The average concentrations
value alone is generally
of Afla, DON, FUM and OTA
considered low risk for
detected in the 2011-2021
poultry and ruminants, one
period were medium to
must not underestimate the
high risk for all livestock.
high prevalence that could
Aflatoxin B1 average
lead to potential synergistic
concentration was 52 ppb
interactions with other
(way higher than the 5 ppb
mycotoxins. The maximum
European limit), reaching
values recorded in India are
peaks of over 1200 ppb. It
of great concern for
more pressure on feed and
is no mystery that those
livestock production and
animal producers that will
levels could be of particular
could lead to severe
need to take action to meet
concern for the local dairy
performance issues and
more stringent
industry, given the ability
profitability losses. The average concentration
requirements on mycotoxin
of aflatoxin B1 to
contamination.
accumulate into milk as
of OTA in the last ten years
This article will provide an
aflatoxin M1.
was 17 ppb, with peaks
overview of what happened
The average concentration
that almost reached 600
in India in the last ten years
of DON in the last ten years
ppb. OTA is a potent
and will give some ideas on
was 339 ppb, with peaks
carcinogen; it can
how to revert the trend.
that went over 3600 ppb.
accumulate in animal
Ten years in a nutshell
The average value is
tissues and could
Between 2011 and 2021 we
considered medium risk for
potentially reach the food
have analyzed over 1400
poultry and young
chain. This average value is
samples in India. Aflatoxins
ruminants, but its peaks are
considered low risk for
Figure 1. Mycotoxin prevalence in samples sourced in India for the period 2011-2021. The graph on the left
100%
100%
83%
76%
80%
75%
60% 32%
40% 22%
15%
20% 0%
Afla
ZEN
DON
T2
FUM
OTA
Percent of Samples
% Contaminated samples
reports the prevalence of main mycotoxins. The graph on the right reports the co-contamination.
88%
80% 60% 40% 20% 3% 0%
<LOD
9% 1
>1 mtx
09
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
Figure 2. Mycotoxin prevalence in corn sourced in India for the period 2011-2021. The graph on the left reports
100% 80%
100%
93% 67%
60% 40%
27%
20% 0%
13%
8% Afla
ZEN
26%
DON
T2
FUM
Percent of Samples
% Contaminated samples
the prevalence of main mycotoxins. The graph on the right reports the co-contamination.
80% 60% 40%
26%
20% 0% 0%
OTA
74%
<LOD
1
>1 mtx
poultry, but as for FUM, one
high, representing a
must not underestimate the
problem for the poultry and
years is shown in figure 3. Indian finished feeds for
high prevalence that could
dairy industries. The corn
all species
lead to potential synergistic
summary for the last ten
One of the most common
interactions with other
years is shown in figure 2.
mycotoxin myths is that the
mycotoxins. The maximum
Indian soybean 2011-
latter are not resistant to
value detected is considered
2021
processing methods.
high risk for both poultry
Soybean is the undisputed
Unfortunately, most
and ruminants and could
champion for storage
mycotoxins are, and the
lead to severe performance
mycotoxins, with 95% of
fact that we always find
losses.
the samples collected in
them in finished feeds
Indian corn 2011-2021
the past 10 years being
confirms that. As shown in
For the last 10 years FUM
contaminated with OTA,
figure 4, Afla was detected
was the most prevalent
and 83% with Afla. The
in 95% of the samples
mycotoxin in corn, and it
average levels of these two
analyzed in the last ten
was detected in 93% of the
mycotoxins were
years, followed by OTA
samples analyzed. Afla was
considered of medium
(92%) and FUM (91%). The
the second most prevalent
concern for livestock, but
average concentrations of
mycotoxin, detected in 67%
the maximum levels
mycotoxins are considered
of samples analyzed,
reached worrying levels,
medium risk for all livestock,
followed by DON and OTA
suggesting that the danger
except for Afla that
(27% and 26% prevalence,
can be high at times in
recorded an average of 36
respectively). The average
soybean too. As for
ppb and a peak of over
concentrations of FUM and
Fusarium mycotoxins, the
1200 ppb, representing a
DON represented a medium
prevalence ranged between
high risk for all livestock.
risk for livestock. Afla has
21% and 29%. The soybean
DON and FUM reached
always remained constantly
summary for the last ten
peaks of almost 3.000 ppb,
Figure 3. Mycotoxin prevalence in soybean sourced in India for the period 2011-2021. The graph on the left reports the prevalence of main mycotoxins. The graph on the right reports the co-contamination.
100%
10
95% 83%
80% 60% 40% 21%
20% 0%
Afla
ZEN
25%
DON
29% 21%
T2
FUM
OTA
91%
100% Percent of Samples
% Contaminated samples
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ARTICLE
80% 60% 40% 20% 0%
2% <LOD
7% 1
>1 mtx
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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
Figure 4. Mycotoxin prevalence in Indian finished feeds for the period 2011-2021. The graph on the left reports
100%
95%
91%
80% 60% 40% 18%
20% 0%
Afla
ZEN
26%
DON
1% T2
FUM
97%
100%
92% Percent of Samples
% Contaminated samples
the prevalence of main mycotoxins. The graph on the right reports the co-contamination.
OTA
80% 60% 40% 20% 0%
worrying numbers that
how mycotoxin co-
performance.
could lead to severe
contamination never fell
Is there a silver bullet to fight mycotoxins?
performance losses and
below 70%, indicating a
confirm the fact that
high potential for
The answer is no.
mycotoxins are not
synergism.
Mycotoxin mitigation
degraded during
Reverting the trends
requires action at multiple
processing.
It is clear how India has
steps, however the use of
Co-contamination, the
been dealing with high
feed additives to bind and
overlooked threat
levels of mycotoxins for the
deactivate mycotoxins
Although it is important to
last ten years and how
directly in the gut of the
pay attention to single
storage mycotoxins
animal is the most effective
mycotoxins, we must not
represent the biggest
way to tackle mycotoxins
forget that those only
source of contamination.
currently. When choosing a
represent part of the
Improving the storage
product stay away from
picture. Mycotoxin co-
conditions is the first action
marketing claims and look
contamination often leads
that feed and animal
at the science behind. We
to synergistic and additive
producers can do to
know that there is no such a
interactions that aggravate
mitigate the risk. Mitigation
thing as broad-spectrum
the overall toxicity.When
strategies include the use of
mycotoxin binders, simply
estimating mycotoxin
stringent protocols within
because not all mycotoxins
toxicity, official guidelines
the framework of good
can be bound. In the vast
do not take into
agricultural practices (GAP)
majority of cases, broad
consideration synergism, as
and good manufacturing
spectrum binding is an
this concept has only been
practices (GMP). Testing
indicator of a very unspecific
largely investigated in the
grains regularly before
product that will deplete the
last years, thus they do not
storage and managing
feed from vitamins and
offer a representative
batches that are too
nutrients, resulting in even
picture of the reality.
contaminated will contribute
poorer performance.
Mycotoxin co-
to keep the mycotoxin levels
Looking at products that
contamination is not an
low. Fungicides should be
have been evaluated by third
exception but the rule,
used with caution as they do
parties and approved by
which is why it is of outmost
not deactivate mycotoxins,
government authorities such
importance to invest in
but only control mold
as the EU, represent a
solutions that offer a
growth. Furthermore, some
guarantee of efficacy and
complete protection. By
of these products are highly
safety, delivering value for
having a look at the graphs
toxic, and that toxicity can be
money and protecting
on the right-hand side in
taken up by the animals,
performance and
figures 1 to 4,we can notice
affecting their health and
profitability.
1% <LOD
2% 1
>1 mtx
11
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ARTICLE
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
Mixing homogeneity of dry bulk amino acids and liquid amino acid analogue By Christian Rabe, Applied Feed Technology, Evonik Homogenously mixed feed is essential for livestock performance as it ensures that all added nutrients are available within every feed ration. In particular, the essential and low-dose ingredients like vitamins, trace elements, minerals, amino acids, for example, must be available in the right amount within each final feed pellet. The impact of mixing homogeneity, expressed as coefficient of variation (CV) on important livestock performance factors can be seen in this study, conducted with 240 Ross broilers in a 42-day grow-out period. (Ciftci and Ercan, 2003). With better feed homogeneity (10 per cent CV vs 30 per cent CV) there was a moderate improvement in feed intake and feed conversion rate. At the same time, flock homogeneity improved significantly which is an important economic factor. The efficiency and the profitability of the production of live animals will be directly impacted by the homogeneity of mixed feed. Christian Rabe
As a rule, homogenous feed mixes with a CV of five per cent or below can be technically achieved under commercial conditions and are considered as optimal for livestock performance, particularly poultry. In this context, it is important that
12
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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
Table 1: Effect of diet uniformity on animal performance for broiler chickens (Ciftci and Ercan, 2003)
density are more conducive to attaining a uniform mixture
Feed mix A
Feed mix B
Feed mix C
than dissimilar materials, like
Mixing Time (min)
0.2
0.59
3.75
solids and liquids (Fellow,
CV Grower Feed (%)
30.4
11.3
9.8
2000). It is proven that
2168
2191
2178
crucial for a homogeneous
Body Weight Gain 0-6 weeks (g)
CV of
similar in size, shape and
flowability of solids is also
Feed Intake (g)
4131
4213
4067
feed mixture and that
Feed Conversion Rate
1.906
1.923
1.869
increasing moisture of the
males (%)
th
6 week females (%) BW (%)
the analyte and assay which
9.5
8.1
7.4
mixture affects the mixing
10.3
9.6
7.5
homogeneity negatively by reducing the flowability of
To break up the lumps and
are being used for assessing
increase mixing homogeneity,
homogeneity are suitable,
high - speed paddle mixers
sensitive and accurate to pick
with spraying systems suitable
up the variation. The
for the dosed product are
following ranking for the CV
required. The positioning of
of feed additives in finalized
liquid additions into the mixer
feed is commonly used.
and the additional wet mixing
There are numerous factors
time are important to achieve
influencing the mixing
homogeneity of the final feed.
homogeneity of final feed.
Also, liquid dosing systems
One important factor is the
require additional cleaning
incorporation of liquids. Even
and maintenance of nozzles
below an addition rate of
to prevent poor mixing
three per cent, special care
results (Clark, 2009). With
has to be taken to achieve
the time required for
results comparable to the
spraying liquids, optimal
dosing of dry ingredients.
mixing time is often
The added liquids should be
compromised in order to not
mixed longer than the dry
extend batch time and
ingredients to ensure
reduce mill throughput. That
homogeneity and to break
typically leads to poorer
up agglomerates that will
mixing quality. It is critically
have formed. There is the
important that the liquid
risk that if the dosing
spraying system is being
technique for liquid addition
operated and maintained
is suboptimal, small lumps
with care to avoid fouling,
might form which are not
which will reduce mixing
dissolved during the mixing
homogeneity and result in
process, eventually leading
under-dosing of the product
to larger agglomerations
with grave consequences for
(Behnke, 1996; Froetscher,
livestock performance.
2005).
In general, materials that are
CV < 5%
CV 5-10%
CV > 10%
Optimum homogeneity
acceptable
trouble-shooting advisable
solids (Shenoy 2015). Long-term studies at Evonik Industries (Figure 1) indicate that a higher percentage of mixes did not achieve acceptable mixing quality. On average the addition of liquid forms of amino acid analogue resulted in lower recovery of the product in the final feed, and poorer mixing homogeneity. One feed mixture out of three is not acceptable if using liquid forms of amino acid analogue. Those long - term tests were conducted under field conditions with different mixer sizes, equipment designs, filling levels, feed types and supplementation Pictures: Blocked spraying systems and lump formation due to poorly managed liquid addition during feed mixing process.
13
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ARTICLE
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
Figure 1: Overall results for mixing homogeneity (CV) for amino acids added as dry bulk (n=612) in comparison of their liquid analogues (n=211) CV of 0-10% considered acceptable by most feed industry standards
due to different factors including too-short mixing time, poor placement of the liquid inlet, simultaneous dosing of powder and liquids, or suboptimal mixer technology.
100%
Achieving sufficient mixing 80%
results with the addition of liquids is possible. However,
60%
CV > 10%
40% 20%
CV 5-10%
regarding design,
CV < 5%
maintenance and cleaning of the dosing and mixing
0%
INDUSTRY NEWS
Liquid Amino Solid Acid Analogue Amino Acids
14
they require particular care
rates. The overall results
the mixing homogeneity.
were statistically evaluated
The lesser mixing
for the CV of the
homogeneity observed with
supplemented amino acid
adding liquid sources of
and its analogue to evaluate
amino acid analogue may be
system. Minimizing the addition of liquids and relying mostly on dry ingredients and additives remains, in comparison, a more robust concept.
ForFarmers feed mill expansion in Belgium Mill in Izegem will expand,
with its 2025 Build to Grow
will cease at the end of 2022.
while the one in
strategy objective for
The decision was additionally
Ingelmunster will close
operational excellence, whilst
taken to transfer the
ForFarmers will increase the
always putting providing the
production of poultry feed,
storage capacity of the feed
best quality to customers
both for layers and broilers,
mill in Izegem, Belgium, and
central.
to another feed mill. More
will also modernize the mill.
Optimizing for the future
details on this will be
At the same time, ForFarmers
ForFarmers has chosen to
communicated at a later
has decided to close the mill
modernize one of the two
stage. The production of
in Ingelmunster and expects
feed mills into an efficient
swine and dairy feed will
to transfer the volumes to
and sustainable production
consequently take place in
the refurbished feed mill in
location, to be able to
the dedicated Izegem mill
Izegem in the fourth quarter
continue to provide
from the beginning of 2023.
of 2022.
customers with quality feed
Quality for customers
In doing so, ForFarmers is
and an even better service in
The mill in Ingelmunster will
opting for a more efficient
the future. Investing in the
remain operational until the
and sustainable production
Izegem mill appeared to be
end of 2022. The quality of
process. ForFarmers is
the best choice after a
feed, services and delivery
continuously investing in the
thorough analysis.
conditions will remain
improvement of its processes
Consequently, this means
unchanged.
and systems. This is in line
production in Ingelmunster
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INTERVIEW
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
Talent Retention is no less than Customer Retention Kemin Industries South Asia received Great Place to Work award for third year in row. Continuing to the story, Kemin Industries South Asia is honored with “Commitment To Being a Great Place to Work”. Kemin Industries South Asia President, R Suresh Kumar is honored “India’s Best Leader in Times of Crises 2021”. In this interview Think Grain Think Feed covers more about the recent achievement of leading animal nutrition company which believes in servant leadership. Read the excerpts from e-interview. Can you please share about short-term and long-term strategy of the company? At Kemin, we continue to do exciting work in terms of engaging customers through innovative services (Knowledge sharing programs, Customer laboratory services, Technicalservices, and Engineering services etc.,) and in the long run the company would like to focus on sustainable scientific solutions which can help to transform the quality of life every day for 80% of the world with our products and services. It will continue to be focusing on improving digital capability to give better customer experience in terms of ease of doing business. Engaging people is equally important as they are the great assets for the organization and more initiatives will be taken to develop internal leaders to manage organization in future.
R Suresh Kumar President Gender pay gap is a
other benefits.
employees which is helping
worldwide issue, how the
Your comment on receiving
us show resilience in adverse
company is dealing with
this award for three years
situations. It is very agile to
this?
in a row.
adapt to changing
The company encourages
The company provides better
gender diversity across
work environment for the
function and would like to
development of our
onboard more women
employees across various
employees. Also, at Kemin,
functions in the organization.
there is no parity between
It is all about the trust of our
genders in terms of pay and
16
environment, as well as the desire of our employees possess to passionately serve our customers which in turn helping us to continuously receive this award year after year.
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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
Kemin has done some of most commendable marketing activities especially in the COVID times, would you please share briefly on the activities? During COVID-19, marketing team of Kemin South Asia in collaboration with the overall team had worked out the blueprint of the customer engagement activities to address the ongoing anxiety at the customers' end quite empathetically and genuinely. We always consider our customers as a business partner, rather than basing on just transactional relationship. This value system of the company engrained in all of us helped us easily devise a slew of marketing activities during the COVID times and many of those are still continuing. Digital initiatives were embraced to reach out to the Dr (Capt) Tanweer Alam Director Marketing
customers in such a way that it was not intruding in their
privacy and at the same time
customers as captured
noticed in the entire value
it was helping them in
through a recently
chain. The most striking
business continuity and value
conducted customer
changes have been in
addition. For example, we
satisfaction survey, which is
consumer behavior and
came up with digital
an important reality check
preferences. For example,
initiatives and insight sharing
exercise we conduct every
from consumer's perspective,
methodologies which is
year. In addition, we also
the linkage of quality protein
helping the customers in
have been quite sensitive to
consumption with
being updated of the
upkeep the morale of our
optimization of immunity has
scenarios which also
own team spread across the
got more strengthened.The
facilitates them in crucial
South Asia geography with
expectations of hygiene are
business decisions. At the
innovative marketing and
bringing disruptions in
same time, since the mobility
group activitieswhich got
packaging and food
of our customer support
reflected in us being
industries. The disruptions in
team had got impacted,
honored with the award of
logistics matrix have yet to
hence we introduced virtual
Great Place to Work for the
get normalized and will
options to keep serving our
third time in recent past.
continue impacting us for
customers. The use of
You have been heading the
some more time.
various social media was also
marketing of Kemin South
Your comment on receiving
optimized with right
Asia, would you please
this award.
messaging as per the
share more about market
personas of the customers.
We are humbled, and we
conditions?
consider it as an
In a way, every market is
acknowledgement of our
The key point was that we were not just carpetbombing the virtual space with the digital initiatives, rather, we were focusing on tailoring the message as per the segmented customers need. This approach was well appreciated by our esteemed
unique and has the set of its
service to customers, which
own kind of customer
will remain our driver
expectations. However,
towards achieving Kemin's
during COVID, perhaps for
vision of transforminglives
the first time, across the
for more than 80% people of
globe, the market had been
the world every day, with our
disrupted by one common
products and services.
factor. Thisdisruption was
17
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INTERVIEW
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
Please share more about the production facility, how it has been developed over the years? We have grown from a capacity of 11000 MT per annum in 2012 to 32000 MT in 2021. Automation of lines is a continuous focus which has reduced fatigue of the operators and in turn, more than doubled the productivity of the team. Also, special focus is given to the safety of the people and environment by controlling dust generation, ambient conditions and introducing safety accessories which are comfortable to wear. New processing technologies in organic minerals, fermentation, additional lines for dry and liquid products and general facility upgrades were introduced over the last 9 years.We have been certified for quality & food safety by George Joseph Vice President-Operations commitment to quality and
9 different certifying bodies, which is a testimony to our
every year to ensure
credit goes to all the
safety of our products.
enhanced capacities,
employees who has made
How have you seen the
improved productivity,
Kemin'A Great Place to
company growing since
employee safety and to
Work'.
you joined in 2012?
optimize costs, to deliver
During the pandemic
There has been a steady and aggressive growth year on year. I would credit this to the Kemin values and people centric approach, which has yielded excellent results. The company continuously upgrades its production lines
value for money to the
lockdown, our first priority
customers.A new plant was
was the welfare and safety of
commissioned in 2018 to
employees and their families,
cater to the increasing
which was appreciated by
demand of products.
the entire team and the
Your comment on receiving
government officials. This
this award.
made the team give their
It is a great privilege to
best, and many of them went
receive this award and the
beyond the call of duty to
ensure that customer requirements were met. In fact, we achieved the highest ever output in production during the lock down. We are a very cohesive team, and all functions work as one, to ensure that customer expectations are met and often exceeded. Talent retention is one of the biggest challenges for many companies. Would you please share more about it and also, what is the retention rate in Kemin? Talent Retention is no less than Customer Retention! More than talent acquisition, it is talent retention. But it all starts with basics like whom you are hiring, what's your hiring strategy, how are you tapping talents, what's your reputation at workplace, market, and so on. And remember, it is Employee's Choice and not Employer's Choice, truly. We have a very elaborate and scientific
18
Devendra Dixit Director-Human Resource
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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
process (just like the
generations are making it
family welfare program that
products and services) of
even stronger. And the
gives, in the event of
talent acquisition. Every
outcome is that we have
unfortunate covid death of
position goes through seven
been holding a single digit
employee, 2 years of salary
steps of talent acquisition
employee turnover for last 5
to family on monthly basis
and our prospective
years. We turned pandemic
(or minimum Rs 25 Lacs in 2
candidate is interviewed by
into opportunity to show
years), taking complete
at least 6 different officials.
case our culture of Trust and
responsibility of up to two
This also offers opportunity
Performance. We also invest
children for their education
to candidates totake deep
a lot in CSR, much before
till graduation anywhere in
dive into company's affairs
CSR rules came into
India and family Insurance.
and work culture. We look at
existence. We mainly
We know nothing can
candidates on what do they
contribute to the areas of
compensate the loss oflife,
have to offer, their
child education, housing for
but we want to contribute
commitment, attitude for
underprivileged, school
our small efforts to families
learning and organizational
infrastructures, science,
for rebuilding life. Kemin is a
fit. Organizational fit includes
public, assisting global or
global Family that works with
alignment to company's
local natural calamities and
One Vision, One Team and
values and the way we work.
so on.
One Kemin,needless to say,
We see talent not only in
What has the company
we care and share.
qualifications and experience
been doing for the welfare
Your comment on receiving
but as a “holistic person''
of its employees?
this award.
We go much beyond just
We areproud to have
welfare and are focusing on
received this recognition and
employees' health and
accept it with all humbleness.
Servant Leadership is in
wellbeing.We do complete
No company can achieve any
practice from the inception
health checkup for all
milestone or be sustainable
of the company and soul. We
employees in South Asia,
unless supported by its
call it as TEACH (Trust,
every two years and run
employees, esteemed
who can make positive difference to self and organization.
Empowerment, Authenticity,
health camps. We have
customers, stakeholdersand
Contribution and Humility).
Group Mediclaim, Life
the society. We have built the
It's a part of our Performance
Insurance and Accident
culture of Trust and
Management System. A
Insurance for all employees
Performance across
good competitive
at sizable covers. We are one
workplaces, in market and in
salary,benefits and good
of the few who covers
the society. We like Kemin to
work environment is a given
parental members as well.
be “employee first”, “Great
work hygiene today. The
We have quite a liberal leave
place to work” always and an
difference is made only when
policy. We promote higher
“employer of choice”. We are
you have a purpose, passion,
education andaid with taking
a learning organization, and
opportunity and committed
up courses to make
these honors are milestones
leadership.
employees competent and
of the “journey to transform”.
I am very glad that for Kemin
value enriching. We also run
We sincerely believe that we
it's inbuilt right when RW
Yoga Classes for employees
have lot of scope to be
and Mary Nelson started this
and their families.
better as it is a continuous
organization, and next
We have declared a covid
process, and we are committed to it.
19
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INDUSTRY NEWS
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
Can India allow GM soybean cultivation? The decision of the Indian government to permit the import of geneticallymodified (GM) soymeal for the first time has kindled hope in the agribiotechnology industry that it might allow the cultivation of GM oilseeds in the country to reduce the dependence on imported cooking oil.
20
On August 24, the government allowed the import of 1.2 million tonnes of de-oiled GM soy oil cake via Petropole on the IndiaBangladesh border and Nava Sheva port. The Environment Ministry gave its nonobjection because it said the de-oiled cake does not contain any living modified organism.
We have imported about 10,000 tonnes of the cake, said a purchasing executive of Suguna Foods. The Coimbatore-based company with annual sales of more than USD 1 billion says on its website that it has over 40,000 poultry farmers across 18 states on contract with it. In all, the industry has contracted imports of about 70,000 tonnes, the executive (who asked not to be named) said. The government has waived the usual procedures for import of the oil cake because soymeal prices had shot up to Rs. 95,000 a tonne on August 5. They were around Rs. 30,000 a tonne in July-August last year. Prices had spiked due to poor
harvest and speculation. Poultry farmers had no option, but to buy the costly feed. The import window closes in October-end, when the new soybean harvest is expected to soften prices. Pitch for GM crop The agri-biotechnology industry had suggested the cultivation of GM soybean as an option to reduce the dependence on imported cooking oil, at a meeting at the joint secretary-level in the agriculture ministry in July, Ram Kaundinya, Director-General of the Federation of Seed Industry of India said. India produced 92 lakh tonnes of cooking oil this year. It imported 133
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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
lakh tonnes, mainly palm oil followed by sunflower and soya oil, at a cost of about USD 10 billion. Earlier this month, the government announced a mission for increasing the area and productivity of oil palm in the country to check imports. A hectare of oil palm can yield more than 4,000 kg of oil. Mustard, which has an oil content of 31-46 per cent can yield 430500 kg oil per hectare given India's average mustard seed productivity of 1,400 kg per hectare. Soybean's oil content is 18 per cent and with a national average yield of 1,150 kg per ha, the oil yield per hectare is about 200 kg.
Public institutions like the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) will have to source the GM technology as soybean is an open pollination crop whose seed can be saved for sowing the
The apex regulator for GM crops, the GEAC, had advised the environment minister to approve the cultivation of GM mustard hybrid DMH-11 in May 2018. But the ministers have not acted on the advice for ideological reasons, even though the mustard hybrid was developed by a team of Delhi University scientists and funded with public money. Why GM soyabean is cost effective GM soybean grown worldwide has both insect control and weed resistance traits. These traits do not enhance yields directly. They do it tangentially by preventing weeds from having a claim on water and fertilizer meant for crops and preventing damage by pests. The averted cost of weeding also reduces the cost of cultivation.
21
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INDUSTRY NEWS
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
CREATIVE PROTEIN SOURCES FOR CHICKEN
Potential alternative to soya in poultry diets Sprouting wheat and vetch seeds, grain tailings, and processed beans, were all found to offer good alternative nutrients for monogastrics, and could be grown within UK farming systems. The majority of soya imported into the UK is used to manufacture food and feed livestock, but 40% of imports in 2019 were from sources with a potential risk of deforestation, according to the UK Roundtable on Sustainable Soya. As well as saving forests, breaking the UK's reliance on imported soya is increasingly urgent due to current supply chain disruptions coming from China and India, which have sent soya prices rocketing more than 80% in the 12 months to June. Valuable home-grown feed sources The field lab looked at 3 possible protein sources: ·
Sprouting seeds
·
Increasing the nutritional value of beans through heat treatment and dehulling
·
Saving grain tailings
Field lab conclusions The conclusions of a three-year collaboration between farmers and researchers now offers a path towards a system based on regional feed production and sourcing. The
22
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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
desperately need a more
grown all sorts of crops
sustainable, stable, and
including sunflowers and
secure feed source, and the
lupins,” says Mr Mallet. “But
way to do that is to grow
our farm has either been too
more in the UK.
cold, or perhaps too alkaline.
“For organic farmers in
Vetch however, is something
particular, the trial results
our farm can grow well.”
offer a way to achieve 100%
Vetch also had the
organic feed without the
advantage of being useful in
carbon footprint associated
his farming system, says Mr
with imported products,
Mallet, since it fixes more
something that many
nitrogen than peas and
producers have always felt
beans, and is an excellent
goes against organic
inter-cropper, particularly
principles.”
with oats, with notable
Sprouting vetch for
improvements to soil
chicken feed
structure.
The field lab looked at three
Vetch seeds however, contain
possible protein sources:
toxins for monogastrics and
Sprouting seeds; increasing
tripsonin inhibitors, which
the nutritional value of beans
affect egg laying frequency
through heat treatment and
and size. But Mr Mallet
dehulling; and saving grain
found that by germinating
tailings. All were found to
the seeds he could reduce
have some value as home-
these while preserving other
grown feed sources.
micro nutrients and proteins.
Centre in a field lab which
The trials have all been
“It also means I have a green
was run through Innovative
successful in their own way,”
forage to feed the hens
Farmers, a programme which
said Dr Lindsay Whistance,
when they are indoors
supports practical on-farm
senior livestock researcher at
during the winter when there
trials.
the Organic Research Centre.
is less outdoor forage,” says
“They've all highlighted
Mr Mallett.
existing potential in feed
He is now developing a
farmers have been working with Organic Research
“Soya is hard to beat nutritionally, and although it
stuffs that can be adapted,
sprouter that can produce
helping to find solutions for
hundreds of kilos of
reducing the need to import
germinated seeds a week,
feed for pigs and poultry.”
and Mr Mallett believes the
Farmers field lab coordinator,
Mike Mallett, who organically
technology is scaleable to
and arable and soils advisor
farms 3,000 laying hens in
other farms.
at the Soil Association.
Suffolk, ran the sprouting
Moving forwards, he will be
seeds trial as part of the field
implementing a three-
can be grown in the UK in certain areas, it's unlikely to be in the volumes needed,” said Jerry Alford, Innovative
“So, it is about looking at
lab and says British hens
pronged approach to keep
need to be fed with UK-
his chicken feed local: Vetch
sourced feed.
sprouts, switching to a laying
to produce our own
“I have been trying to take
hen breed that needs less
alternative feeds, rather than
soya out of my chicken feed
intensive feeding, and
for nine years and have
growing his own meal worms
what resources we have available, what we can grow, and how we can adapt these
importing them. We
for added protein.
23
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INDUSTRY NEWS
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
Forage based diet for pigs
Mr Wade has been growing
longer to reach slaughter
Enabling organic farmers to
clover leys to improve soil
weight, but this is
source 100% organic, UK-
fertility, and has been
compensated for by the
grown feed, could also offer
feeding his pigs round bale
lower costs of producing an
marketing opportunities,
silage for some years now.
on-farm ration.”
believes Sam Wade, an
He is also using Saddlebacks
The Innovate Farmers field
organic pig producer in
to create a hardier breed
lab was part of a pan-
Gloucestershire, who has
better adapted to using a
European research project,
been running his own feed
forage-based diet produced
OK-Net EcoFeed, with
trials.
on the farm.
sustainable feed company,
“As an organic producer we
“This is not only
EcoFeed. Farmers and
already receive a premium
economically efficient in
researchers across 11
for our pigs, but if we can
reducing concentrate feed,
European countries spent
produce them free of
but also provides the pigs
three years investigating
imported soya and using
with gut-fill resulting in more
alternative home-grown
UK-grown rations, then we
contentment among the
protein sources for
can add further value,” says
animals.”
monogastrics.
Mr Wade.
“A forage-based diet will
Source: innovativefarmer
inevitably mean pigs take
India signs Memorandum of Understanding with Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation The Department of Animal
Husbandry & Dairying,
will provide technical
Husbandry and Dairying
Government of India is
assistance for the design and
(DAHD), Government of India
working to improve animal
delivery of new technologies
and Bill & Melinda Gates
health and production
and implementation of best
Foundation have signed a
programmes to ensure food
practices that are relevant in
multi-year Memorandum of
security and economic
the local context.
Understanding to work
development. Developing
The joint support programs
together on sustainably
the livestock sector
will be directed at improving
improving India's livestock
envisages strengthening
livestock health, production,
sector to support the
animal husbandry
and animal nutrition,
nation's food and nutritional
infrastructure,
identifying scientific and
security, and protect the
entrepreneurship
technological solutions for
economic wellbeing of small-
development and
major infectious diseases,
scale livestock producers.
implementing One Health
providing technical
The event was organized as a
framework. To meet food
assistance in translational
part of ongoing celebrations
and nutritional security
sciences, identifying
of 'AzadiKaAmritMahotsav', a
challenges and to safeguard
opportunities for scientific
commemoration of 75th year
human health, it is essential
and technological
of India's Independence at
that animal health is
collaboration, and
KrishiBhavan New Delhi.
accorded a priority. Through
implementing the One
The Department of Animal
this collaboration, Bill&
Health framework.
Melinda Gates Foundation
24
Source: Press Information Bureau
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INDUSTRY NEWS
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
Global expansion of leading alternative protein producer The high tech capital arm of
produced through a
less by utilizing the
BP, bp ventures, is the lead
proprietary, commercially
abundant natural gas
investor in a $39m (£28.1m)
validated gas fermentation
resources to produce feed
funding round for Calysta
process using naturally
for fish, livestock and pets,
Inc, the developer of
occurring, non-genetically
reducing the pressure on our
FeedKind, a protein-based
modified microbes that use
oceans and arable land for
livestock and aquafeed
methane as their energy
non-animal feed production.”
grown using microbes that
source.
Announcing the investment,
feed on methane.
The process uses no arable
Meghan Sharp, head of bp
The cash injection will
land or marine resources,
ventures, said: “We believe
support scoping and pre-
and Calysta sees it as an
Calysta's innovation offers an
development of the
alternative to traditional
opportunity to deliver
company's next
sources of fishmeal protein
sustainable protein for the
manufacturing site, outside
that are in danger of being
planet and supports bp's
Asia. Calysta is currently
overfished.
strategy of creating new
working towards completion
Thomas Huot, Calysta's Chief
markets in which gas can
of the world's first
Operating Officer, said: “In
play a material role in
commercial FeedKind
expanding FeedKind
delivering a more sustainable
production facility in China
production beyond the
future. That's why in 2019 bp
via Calysseo, Calysta's 50/50
current growth strategy in
ventures invested in Calysta
joint venture with feed
Asia, we are aiming to
and its FeedKind technology,
business Adisseo. It is set to
continue to convert low cost
and today we are excited to
come online late 2022. It also
natural gas resources into
build on that investment
operates an R&D facility in
high-value, environmentally-
with an additional $10
the UK.
friendly protein alternatives.”
million commitment.”
Calysseo, Calysta's 50/50 JV
“Global food and protein
Other investors in the
with Adisseo, will bring
supply chains have never
funding round include
20,000 tonnes of production
been more challenged,
Adisseo, sustainable
capacity online in 2022, with
thanks to increasing land
aquaculture fund AquaSpark
60,000 tonnes to follow
and water scarcity coupled
and venture debt specialists
shortly thereafter.
with an ever-growing global
WTI, as well as Calysta's
Calysta's technology
population.
other existing investors.
produces sustainable single-
“FeedKind makes more from
cell protein, which is
26
Source: CALYSTA
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INDUSTRY NEWS
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
Technology by India to convert keratin waste to animal feed They used advanced oxidation for the conversion of the waste to marketable fertilizers and animal feed. The key technology behind this involves pre-treatment followed by hydrolysis of keratin using a technique called Hydrodynamic Cavitation, which involves vaporization, bubble generation, and bubble implosion in a flowing liquid. The current chemicals and physical methods for such conversion are energyintensive, chemically Institute of Chemical
These wastes are
hazardous, and involve
Technology Mumbai
inexpensive sources of
multiple steps resulting in a
developed a new sustainable
amino acids and protein,
higher cost of the final
and affordable solution for
underlining their potential to
product. As calculated by the
converting keratin waste
be used as animal feed and
team, with this technology,
such as human hair, wool,
fertilizer.
the cost of the product at a
and poultry feathers to fertilizers, pet, and animal feed.
large-scale plant, processing Professor A. B. Pandit, ViceChancellor, Institute of Chemical Technology
India generates a huge amount of human hair, poultry feather, and wool waste each year. These wastes are dumped, buried, used for landfilling, or
28
inputs of 1-ton per, is up to 3 folds cheaper than the existing market product.
Mumbai, along with his students, has developed a technology to covert the keratin waste to food for pets and fertilizers for plants.
The scientists are currently implementing this technology at a large scale in collaboration with Revoltech Technologies Private Limited,
incinerated, increasing
This novel technology is
Gujarat. This advancement in
environmental hazards,
patented, easily scalable,
production will make the
pollution, and threat to
environment-friendly,
liquid biofertilizers which are
public health and increasing
energy-efficient, and it will
three folds more efficient
greenhouse gas emissions,
make amino acid-rich liquid
than the marketed product,
the Ministry of Science &
fertilizers more economical
available to farmers at an
Technology said in a
as compared to currently
affordable rate.
statement.
marketed products.
Source: nasiknews
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INDUSTRY NEWS
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 7 | Issue 11 | Sep 2021
Livestock can transform the rural economy Despite over 600,000
30
but also boost the rural
market value across the
households consuming
economy". Given the dearth
international border of
approximately 90,000 metric
of jobs in the government
Bangladesh, informed Raju.
tons of meat such as beef,
sector, Raju said the AH &
"There is no ban on the
mutton, pork, and poultry
Vet Department is eager to
export of mutton or live goat
every year, the state has
collaborate with the Labour
or sheep to Bangladesh,"
witnessed a staggering gap
Department to encourage
said the principal secretary,
in the demand and supply of
self-employment among the
calling it a "gold mine" for
meat.
youth.
youth in the state.
To address the perennial
He further informed that the
To educate interested
problem of unemployment
Government of India has
candidates for the program,
in Meghalaya, the Animal
introduced the National
the Labour Department has
Husbandry and Veterinary
Livestock Mission for
planned to collaborate with
(AH & Vet) Department has
entrepreneurship and
local farmers who have
decided to begin enrolling
business skills development
already established farms,
educated youth into a
amongst the youth,
and will enroll them as
livestock entrepreneurship
especially for those residing
trainers. This program will be
and management
in rural areas. In this regard,
covered under the Pradhan
programme, said AH & Vet
four major areas have been
Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana,
Principal Secretary, G.H.P.
identified - piggery, goatery,
informed Raju.
Raju.
poultry, and feed and fodder
Speaking to The Northeast
manufacturing - with funds
Today (TNT), Raju said the
accordingly being
livestock sector offers
appropriated for shed
employment opportunities,
construction.
especially in a state where
Regarding infrastructure
most residents consume
development, in the poultry
for the state in particular or
meats.
business, subsidy for the
the Northeast in general by
Despite over 600,000
construction of a shed
the Centre, as the amount of
households consuming
amounts to almost INR
funds will depend on the
approximately 90,000 metric
2,400,000. These amounts
number of applications by
tons of meat such as beef,
are about INR 5,000,000 for a
cooperative societies, self-
mutton, pork, and poultry
goatery house, and INR
help groups, farmers associations, and individuals.
Although applications for enrolment will open by next Monday after a notification is issued and due verification and scrutiny are done, no amount has been earmarked
every year, the state has
3,000,000 for a piggery
witnessed a staggering gap
house.
in the demand and supply of
In the North Eastern Region,
colleges to reopen; we will
meat, he said.
the National Livestock
be conducting awareness
The principal secretary noted
Mission is being
programmes in the degree
that the youth can be a boon
implemented on a cost-
colleges to make our youth
to the industry because "the
sharing ratio of 90:10, while
aware about the
livestock sector can not only
100 per cent in the case of
employment and economic
provide the much-needed
Union Territories.
potential of livestock in our
platform to eke a livelihood
Goatery and sheep have
state," Raju said.
and become self-dependent,
especially tremendous
Source: thenortheasttoday
"We are waiting for all
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