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EDITORIAL Monthly Magazine for Feed Technology

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

Published by

Feed ingredient availability in the current year

BENISON Media SCO 27, 2nd Floor, Mugal Canal Market Karnal - 132001 (Haryana) Tel: +91 184 4036770 info@benisonmedia.com

O

ur Agriculture sector has been facing water crisis for the last two consecutive drought years – 2014

and 2015. This has resulted in increasing the

Publisher & Editor

prices of essential commodities like pulses and vegetables. Since

Prachi Arora prachi.a@benisonmedia.com

prices of Agro commodities go up during water crisis or drought situations, the animal feed industry also suffers. A drought in India generally creates a shortage of coarse grains used in animal

Managing Editor

feed, resulting in a feed shortage. The monsoon rains are

Dr. T.K. Walli Former Head, Dairy Cattle Nutrition, NDRI

important for the 55 percent of Indian farmland that does not have irrigation are considered deficient. Apart from occasional monsoon failure, substantial water losses are due to evaporation,

Business Head Vinod Kumar Saini info@benisonmedia.com

drainage, percolation, water conveyance, and excess use of groundwater since most farmers of the country use traditional techniques of irrigation. The stress for water available for other purposes will continue as more of areas come under traditional

Designing & Marketing

irrigation techniques. An effective solution in this regard shall be

Ashwani Verma info@thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in

the extensive use of micro-irrigation techniques such as drip and sprinkler irrigation. With the good news of almost normal monsoon forecast for this year, the Indian oil meal production is

Circulation & Subscription Head Pawan Kumar info@benisonmedia.com

more likely to recover to its normal status of 15.4 MMT, and accordingly, the exports may go up from 1.3MMT to 2.6 MMT. Sorghum and millet production is likely to go up to 5.5 MMT

EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Dr. Dinesh T. Bhosale Former Chairman, CLFMA of India Mr. Amit Sachdev Indian Representative, US Grain Council Dr. P.E. Vijay Anand US Soybean Export Council Dr. Suhas Amrutkar Subject Matter Specialist, Animal Nutrition, MAFSU, Parbhani

from its last year's figure of 4.6 MMT. However, the corn production is likely to remain unchanged at 21 MMT, as per USDA report.

Spotlight on Kemin South Asia Recently, the editors for TGTF magazine were in Chennai, just to have the firsthand account of the huge facilities developed by Kemin South Asia, Chennai, with respect to their R&D laboratories and operational establishments, for the manufacture of varieties of feed additives/ingredients. Apart from that, the team also

Dr. SN Mohanty Former Principal Scientist, CIFA Dr. Meeta Punjabi Mehta Agricultural Economist Dr. Swamy Haladi Feed Additive Expert

interacted with the captains of Kemin South Asia. Established in India in 1997, today with its state-of-the–art R&D facilities and automated operations, the company has added many innovative products to its portfolio. Kemin's vision is to improve the quality of life by touching nearly half of the world population by 2018.

Dr. R Gnana Sekar Lead Consultant, GS Dairy Farm Consulting

This issue focuses the strides that company has made on

Dr. Suraj Amrutkar Assistant Professor, Dept. of ILFC, SKUAST-J, Jammu

projections ahead.

partnering with the industry, improving the feed quality and its

T.K. Walli www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in www.benisonmedia.com

Monthly Magazine for Feed & Feed Technology

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

Vollume 1 | Issue 10 | August 2015

Contents RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT

ARTICLE

05 Viability of Camelina meal in cattle feed

12

An alternate option for Maize in Poultry Feed

20

Azolla Microphylla : A Potential Feed for Livestock

26

Impact of monsoon on Indian Feed Industry

MARKET PROJECTIONS

06 High Indian corn prices on futures and spot market INDUSTRY THOUGHTS

08 Defining Sustainability for Animal Nutrition

INTERVIEW

16 INNOVATIONS

24 Ration Balancing Program by NDDB - Innovation in Livestock Feeding

Delivering science with innovative molecules

INDUSTRY EVENTS

28

Sustainability and safety of feed and food along the value chain

UPCOMING EVENTS

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Printed by: Jaiswal Printing Press | Published by: Prachi Arora | On behalf of: BENISON Media | Printed at: Chaura Bazar, Karnal-132001, Haryana | Published at: SCO-27, IInd Floor, Mugal Canal Market, Karnal-132001, Haryana | Editor: Prachi Arora Think Grain Think Feed is a monthly magazine published by BENISON Media at its office in Karnal. Editorial policy is independent. Views expressed by authors are not necessarily those held by the editors. The data/information provided in the magazine is sourced through various sources and the publisher considers its sources reliable and verifies as much data as possible. However, the publisher accepts no liability for the material herein and consequently readers using this information do so at their own risk.

Although persons and companies mentioned herein are believed to be reputable, neither BENISON Media, nor any of its employees or contributors accept any responsibility whatsoever for such persons’ and companies’ activities. All legal matters are subjected to Karnal Jurisdiction.

Disclaimer : The published material and images are sourced from various websites and newspapers, and used for information purpose only, if you have any issue, please inform us at info@benisonmedia.com. BENISON Media or Think Grain Think Feed is not liable for any claim prior to written information.

R&D

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

Viability of Camelina meal in cattle feed

C

amelina meal is being tested as an ingredient for use in dairy rations in Canada in a bid to

enhance milk quality.

done from feeding the material,” said Newkirk.

Sean Thompson, feed industry liaison works with feeds innovation institute and the Canadian Feed Research Centre, said camelina has been on radar for number of

University of Saskatchewan is testing

years. To get it registered with CFIA, safety and efficacy

different percentages of Camelina meal

is to be proved, for which university is carrying trials.

in feedstock for dairy animals to determine if animals will produce milk with healthy Omega-3 type nutrients.

Cold-pressed non-solvent extracted Camelina meal has been approved to use in broiler chickens up to inclusion of 12% and approval is expected soon for the inclusion of Camelina rations for

The centre has two trials planned with the first underway. The cows are fed a formulated diet with a zero to 10 percent camelina mixture.

After the four-month trial, the large amount of data will be organized and the second trial will begin, but with higher levels. The cows will then be fed a zero to 20 percent mixture.

laying hens industry.

“Once the animal performance along with the milk

“Recent papers have shown that

production quality and quantity is understood, it can be

camelina can have a positive impact on

considered to produce on bigger level in Canada,” said

milk fat qualities, so this would be a

Newkirk.

good time to get some more

Camelina has excellent yield potential over a short information,” said Rex Newkirk, research season of 85 to 100 days. It grows well in cool lead for the centre at the university. He temperatures and is drought and frost tolerant.

seed is a value

Five tonnes of Camelina meal is being supplied for the

added feed ingredient due to

tests by Saskatoon-based Smart Earth Seeds. “Camelina

its fatty acid profile.

is a high quality non-GMO source of protein, omega rich oils and high levels of vitamin E,” said Jack

A study at the University of Bucharest

Grushcow, CEO of Smart Earth Seeds.

found that feeding portions of camelina meal to dairy cows produced elevated

“Our goal is to get local markets to take advantage of

amounts of omega-6 fatty acids,

these Camelina benefits so we can build local

polyunsaturated fatty acids and

processing infrastructure and deliver benefits to rural

conjugated linoleic acid (CLA).

communities.”

“We have to do a number of studies to

This can produce softer butter and may convey

show that the product is efficacious,

potential anti-cancer properties.

that there's no toxic effects, no harm

Source: globalnews

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said camelina

05

MARKET PROJECTIONS

High Indian corn prices on futures and spot market

I

ndian maize prices continue to

(CNF Gujarat ports) was received. This is high price as

move up on futures as well as the

there is not much corn available in Ukraine which

spot markets. June contract expired

supplied corn to India earlier.

on Jun 20, 2016, up 1.05% to Rs.15360/MT; Jul up 6.67% to Rs.164760/MT; Aug up 6.52% to

considerably. While following the vote, the markets dropped faster, there was some uptrend, but overall,

Rs.17100/MT Oct up 5.31% to

corn turned cheap in the US. Jul contract down 12.16%

Rs.15480/MT. Oct is the first of the

to $151.33/MT; Sept down 12.11% to 153.44/MT; Dec

Khariff Contracts and in one week say

down 12.13% to $155.19/MT. Following the downtrend

an increase. Spot prices in key markets

on CBOT, FOB prices have also softened and were

were up on demand from poultry and

indicated in the range $185-195/MT. For both US Gulf

starch sector and also based own the

and PNW for the period July-Sept. Argentina/Brazil

higher import price of corn from the

origin corn is prices at $183-186/MT July delivery and

world market. Nizamand up 4.36% to

Black sea corn at $202/MT or higher on FOB basis. The

Rs.16890/Mt; Davangere up 2.61% to

growing conditions in the US remain very good and

Rs.17675/MT; Karimnagar up 3.62%to

about 75% of the crop is in good to excellent condition.

Rs.18500/MT and Gulabbagh up 8.63% to Rs.15727/MT. Delivered price top South India (Tamil Nadu, poultry hub)

www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in

conditions in the US, the corn prices were down

Rs.16830/MT; Sept 6.81% to

Rs.16916/MT, Sangli up 5.11% to

06

Following Brexit vote, coupled with very good growing

remain high at Rs.18250/MT. Maize sowing at this time is lagging by about 11% against last year, Bajra and Small millets is up by 62% and 24%

As the corn prices in the US dropped, DDGS followed and is currently priced on FOB basis (US Gulf) at $212/Mt (July) and $207/MT (Sep). Delivered price to Vietnam $278-263/Mt (July-Spet) and to China $285260/MT (July-Sep). The protein co-products, CGM price was down $10/MT to $615/Mt (FOB). US SBM is priced at $438-444/MT (48% protein) and 46.5% Protein SBM delivered price to Asia is indicated at $480-484/MT.

respectively. Soybean sowing is down by 86% at this time. It is still too early

US ethanol price too is down by about 4.8% following

to say how much corn will be sown,

drop in corn prices. On CBOT, US ethanol's prices

now that the entire India is covered by

between $0.422/litre in July to $0.405/litre in Oct 2016.

monsoon, the pace of sowing could

China continue to buy US ethanol and from Jan-April

increase. The tender for 50,000 MT of Non-GM corn import was opened recently and one bid of $254-255/MT

2016 has bought 416 million litres at an average FOB price of $0.44/litre.

Source: TechproIndia

INDUSTRY THOUGHTS

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

Defining Sustainability for Animal Nutrition Dr. Thomas Kaufmann, Evonik Nutrition, Germany

www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in

Introduction

08

Over the last few years, sustainability has become a new megatrend and even a business imperative (Lubin and Esty 2010). It has also become the key driver for innovation (Nidumolu et al. 2009). In the broad sense “sustainability” means the ability to maintain a process. The term can be defined as the ability of an ecosystem to maintain ecological processes, biodiversity and productivity into the future. Livestock farming is important source of pollution globally and especially in livestock production areas with a high animal density.

Globally, as more and more land is converted to intensive monocrop production of soybeans and corn (and others in a narrow range of industrial feed crops), pesticide and fertilizers pollute waterways, biodiversity declines, natural carbon sinks are destroyed mainly due to direct and indirect land use change (dLUC, iLUC), and greenhouse gases are emitted in all stages of intensive feed production and transport. Animal production is very often separated from crop production and is seen responsible of more than

14.5% of human induced Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHG) in terms of CO2 (Gerber et al 2013). According to the same authors (2013) it is important to set up advanced technologies such as modern feed strategies using beneficial feed additives like enzymes, amino acids and gut modulation products, manure management practices and energy use efficiency to further reduce livestock production related emissions.

Sustainability – challenge for livestock The United Nations Brundtland commission in its 1987 report defined sustainability as “meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”. Figure 1 shows a typical sustainability model, the so called triple P model.

There are three overlapping ellipses which reflect the social (people), the economic (profit) and the ecological (planet) dimensions. Overlapping of only two dimensions might be viable, bearable or equitable, but only the intersection of all three can be regarded as sustainable.

At a fundamental level impact of human activities are now seen in harmful changes to the global geochemical cycles that are critical for life on earth and thus the elementary pillars of the ecological dimension of sustainability. They are the nitrogen cycle, the water cycle, the carbon cycle and the oxygen cycle. To achieve global sustainability, management of these cycles at all levels is essential.

FAO report “Livestock's long shadow” (Steinfeld et al.

2006) stated, that the global animal industry contributed

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

the dietary nitrogen intake is excreted into the environment. Using standard diets, only 45% of dietary nitrogen intake is retained by the broiler body, and the rest is excreted into the litter with about 40% converted to ammonia leading to a deterioration in litter quality and thus a deterioration in health status of the birds. A high CP level in the feed is moreover reported as a predisposing factor for necrotic enteritis. An excess of protein would also lead to a physiological need for an increase in water consumption to achieve efficient nitrogen excretion. As a consequence, high CP diets lead to higher levels of nitrogen and water excretion compared with low CP diets. Reducing dietary CP levels is thus a key solution to control nitrogen excretion and ammonia emission in poultry husbandry.

The third dimension in feed formulation

livestock sector must improve its environmental performance one one hand, but can play a key role in mitigating climate change through adoption of improved technologies. To do this, feed conversion efficacy and feed quality are key tools to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The most recent publication (Gerber et al.2013) points out specific mitigation opportunities in tackling climate change through livestock like improving production efficiency, improving breeding and animal health, using manure management practices to recycle and recover nutrients and energy contained in manure, sourcing low emission inputs such as feed and use of feed additives like amino acids, enzymes and gut modulating products such as pre- and probiotics, organic acids and phytobiotics.

We need to take into account not only the effects of the different feed composition, but including the effects of the NH3 emissions in the animal house and during manure storage and field application as well as the nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitrate (NO3-) emissions during manure spreading. It is generally accepted that reducing the protein level in a diet reduces the nitrogen content in the manure by 10%, the ammonia emission into the ambient air by 10%, the water consumption of the animals by 3% and the manure volume by 5% (Peisker et al 2009).

Low emission farm (LEF) To reach the full potential of mitigating the environmental impact of livestock production several best practices like optimized breeding and husbandry management and health, efficient nutrient management, waste management and emission management must be combined. All three are followed by efficient energy use and nutrient recycling to close nutrient cycles.

Conclusions and outlook Livestock must improve its environmental footprint given the fact its resource consumption and contribution to

The results of the lately published SFIS Fig 1: 3-dimension model of sustainability study shows the reduce potential of amino acids and phytase for excretion of N and P. In the case for typical conditions Social in Latin America, N excretion was reduced for poultry by almost 70%, PEquitable Bearable Sustainable excretion by more than 50% compared to feeding conditions without these Ecological Viable additives.

PEOPLE

Similar to other species, a large part of

PROFIT

Economical

PLANET

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more than traffic to global warming, i.e.

18% of the global warming potential (GWP) expressed in CO2 equivalents. The

Optimizing the nutritional and economic aspects of feed formulation and feeding concepts is established using best practice of all advanced premixers, compounders and integrated feed companies. However, the ecological aspect has been given only low consideration due to missing tools and low legal and public pressure.

09

INDUSTRY THOUGHTS

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

Fig 2: Elements of the integrated Low Emission Farm (LEF) concept

Public Gas Grid

Local Industry Animal House Private Housing

Manure

Independent Local Infrastructure

Animal Farming

Heat / Electricity

Biogas Fermenter

Raw

Gas Storage Tanks

Purification/Compressing

CH4

Pure

Gas Storage Bottels

CH4

Gas Use for Transportation

Feedstock

Food Production Liquid organic fertilizer (N)

Solid organic fertilizer (N) H2O discharge

digestate treatment

Liquid organic fertilizer (P)

Solid organic fertilizer (P)

Food

Nutrient

Emission Management

Management

Waste Management

www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in

Low Emission Farming (LEF) Concept

10

GWP, AP and EP is substantial (Steinfeld et al. 2006, Gerber et al. 2013).

Advanced nutrition concepts applying the latest scientific knowledge offer great improvement potential in lowering the ecological nutrient management.

Combining best practice with some or all of the described further elements (anaerobic biogas production using manure as feedstock, biogas upgrading, digestate treatment and best application practices of digestate on the field or even nutrient recycling producing different types of fertilizers) under the LEF concept results in even a higher improvement potential. Environmental savings as a license to save-guard current business and enable future growth of livestock farms under more strict environmental regulations will predominate renewable energy production under subsidize schemes.

Fig 3: GWP excl. biogenic carbon and LUC (kg CO2e/1.000 kg live weight of broiler), LA Broiler ref

1.277

Broiler AA Broiler BG CHP Broiler BG Ch4

-122

-167

Broiler -223 BG fuel

79 145 99 1.600 39

749

79

749

45 79 62 814

749

79

749

79

67

934

45 62 16

785

45 728 62 25

-55%

Feedmix Hatchery & Farm Storage & biogas field purification & losses credit energy credit CNG credit diesel

The economic and ecological feasibility of this concept is currently being evaluated in an Evonik project analyzing the return of investment and calculating the ecological benefit using the LCA methodology for different scenarios combining the individual modules of the LEF concept.

The following recommendations could be given to policy makers and regulatory authorities who want to speed up the development toward sustainable poultry operations: !

Assess the full environmental costs of current poultry production systems which today are externalized

!

Exploit the full potential of lowering the protein content in poultry feed to reduce N-emissions !

biggest potential in layer and breeder feed and in grower 2 and broiler finisher

!

formulation based on SID combined with ideal protein profile

!

Optimize use of enzymes (NSP, proteases, mannase) to increase feed resource efficiency in using more alternative or new feed raw materials

!

Make use of phytase obligatory to lower eutrophication and to preserve mineral phosphate stocks

!

Use organic trace mineral sources, especially for zinc and copper

!

Stop using AGPs by a holistic approach of using alternative AGP-replacing additives combining with best management practices

!

Require large-scale commercial farms and integrated meat complexes to build biogas plants with manure as main feedstock

References available on request.

ARTICLE

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

An alternate option for Maize in Poultry Feed *Dr. Suraj A. Amrutkar, **Dr. Suhas A. Amrutkar & ***Bharti Deshmukh Introduction The growing world food crisis has presented a challenge to poultry nutritionists, especially in India, to investigate the possibilities of utilizing other potential energy feed sources as a replacement for maize grain. The major portion of the crop is now diverted for purposes such as biofuel, brewery and starch industries, apart from its growing spate in human consumption. Maize of course, is the major feed ingredient in

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broiler diet with the inclusion level of

12

around 60% in the total diet. In India, because of only a marginal increase in

replacing maize in poultry ration is Bajra (Pearl millet). Pearl millet one of the most drought-tolerant of all domesticated cereals, is grown widely in tropical regions of Africa and Asia. India is the largest pearl millet producer in the world.

It can be grown under seasonal rainfall as low as 200-250 mm, making it only reliable productive cereal in driest rain fed regions of the arid and semi-arid tropics. The important dry land crop provides both grain as well as fodder. Bajra grain contain 12 % C.P. and 3240 kcal M.E. and resembles maize ( 9% CP and 3330 kcal ME) in most of the qualities. It can be included upto 30% in chick ration and upto 60% in grower and layer ration. Thus, Bajra may provide major replacement of maize in poultry feed because of the striking similarities in nutrient composition of these two types of grains.

maize production coupled with poor

Bajra crop is well adapted to production systems

production per hectare, has widened the

characterized by low rainfall, low soil fertility and high

supply and demand gap which has put

temperature, thus can be grown in areas where other

lot of pressure on maize price during

cereal crops like wheat or maize would not survive. Bajra

most of the year. Because of this, it has

protein offers the added advantage of having more lysine,

become quite essential to identify and

methionine and tryptophan content than other food

evaluate less expensive, readily and locally grains. Comparatively, it has also the lower fat producing available energy sources for poultry

ability within the animal system. The grain also supplies

feeding in the place of maize.

more thiamin and iron.

One of the energy sources available for

Lower productivity

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 |2Issue 9 |9July 2016 Think Grain Think Feed - Volume | Issue | July 2016

Although pearl millet can be grown in areas not favorable to corn, and the grain can be used in poultry diets, but the production of pearl millet has been limited due to its susceptibility to rust disease.

Rust resistant hybrid of pearl millet has been developed so as to alleviate this concern. Thus, the grain in poultry feeds is a good alternative to maize for broilers and layers. When pearl millet replaced maize part per par isocalorically and isoproteinically, the performance of chicks was either comparable or even better than those on of maize based diet. Pearl millet was included at 60% part per part or isocalorically and isoproteinically at the expense of maize, the performance of layers was comparable. The protein content of pearl millet, although variable, but higher and essential amino acid profile is more balanced than corn. It has higher oil content than other common cereal grains and is a better source of linolenic acid. Based on the performance of broilers and laying hens fed pearl millet, it appears that pearl millet is equivalent or The productivity of the crops like Bajra is

sometimes even superior to corn as a grain source for poultry

much lower due to various reasons such

rations. Moreover, the crop matures quickly, which it make

as non-availability of quality inputs to the

potentially an ideal component of traditional double cropping and

farmers, lack of access to improved

rotational cropping system.

varieties of seed and other technologies,

Anti-nutritional Factors

unavailability of credit on time, poor storage facilities and poor market linkage etc. There is no doubt, a large potential for

Pearl millet grain does not have many of the anti-nutritional factors than other alternative grains do. As compared with Rye and

using pearl millet as alternate to maize in

Sorghum, pearl millet is low in tannins. It does not appear to need

poultry feed. It is important to propagate

to be heat treated to destroy any protease inhibitor or other

the good nutritive as well as other

harmful factors. However, the grain contains saponins, which are

attributes of pearl millet among poultry

known to damage the lining of the digestive tract. The pearl millet

producers and feed manufacturers to

grown in the United states appears to be resistant to aspergillus

promote this as an alternate to maize.

flavus infection, reducing concern about mycotoxins. However, the

It has been reported that the Pearl millet based diet provides best (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the lowest

grain is susceptible to fusarium fungi, but the level of fusarium toxins is usually low.

Multiple uses

feed intake, body weight gain and feed

not as fodder. After removing grains, its stalks are seldom used for

conversion ratio and nutrient retention.

feeding the animals as fodder crop in the country. Whenever it is

Inclusion in poultry diets

grown as a fodder crop, it is harvested before flowering stage for

Pearl millet has been shown to be a suitable feed ingredient for poultry diets,

feeding the animals. It is a quick growing, disease resistant, high tillering fodder crop, suitable for sowing in arid and semi-arid

and whole seeds can be fed to poultry. Its

regions which can be sown early in spring under irrigated

seed is higher in methionine than maize,

conditions and in kharif under rainfed condition. However, it is not

alleviating some of the need for synthetic

suitable under high rainfall areas. It does well even on light soils. It

methionine supplementation in organic

is sown alone or mixture with guar or cow pea. The crop is

poultry diets. Feeding ground pearl millet

cultivated in a similar manner as jowar and maize; and contains

to laying hens results eggs higher in

22% dry matter, 13% TDN and 0.9% DCP. Hybrid-Bajra-1 has been

omega-3-fatty acids and lower in omega-

developed by GADVASU scientist in Ludhiana, which is disease

6-fatty acid than eggs from hens receiving resistant and can be grown in all types of soil and climate condition. a corn based diets.

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(p<0.05) feed cost per unit of body weight Bajra is also used as fodder for livestock. The crop is cultivated in gain. Complete replacement of maize with India approximate on 900000 hectares yielding 20-35 tonne of pearl millet in broiler diet did not impair green fodder per hectare. It is generally grown for taking the grains

13

ARTICLE

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

Table 1: Chemical composition of Katherine and Siberian Pearl millet grain Parameters Dry matter Ash Protein Fat Calcium Phosphorus Crude Fibre NDF (Neutral detergent fibre) Starch Gross Energy (Kcal/kg)

Katherine Pearl millet grain

Siberian Pearl millet grain

88.9 2.3 13.7 6.5 0.03 0.45 5.1 10.0 63.4 4585.8 Amino acids profile

Arginine Cystine Glycine Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Serine Threonine Tryptophan Tyrosine Valine

90 4.3 11.8 5.4 0.03 0.32 15.4 24.8 53 4561.9

5.06 2.35 3.49 2.64 4.81 11.53 3.41 2.66 5.52 5.46 4.4 3.15 3.32 5.97

3.25 2.21 2.79 1.58 3.95 9.58 1.5 3.44 5.9 4.72 3.33 1.58 3.62 4.85

Harvesting and Yield The first cutting should be done after 5080 days, after sowing and subsequent cutting after 35-40 days. For good regrowth, the cutting height should be 15 cm from the ground. The yield depends upon the varieties, but the average green yield may be 400-600 q/hectare.

Table 2: Nutrient content of Indian Pearl millet Dry matter 90% Metabolizable energy 3240 kcal/kg Crude protein 12% Methionine 0.28% Cysteine 0.24% Lysine 0.35% Tryptophan 0.20% Threonine 0.44% Crude fat 4.2% Crude fiber 1.8% Ash 2.5% Calcium 0.05% Total phosphorus 0.30% Non phytate phosphorus 0.10% *Assistant Professor, SKUAST-J, Jammu **SMS, Parbhani Veterinary College, Maharashtra *** Assistant Professor, Vilaspur Veterinary College, Chhattisgarh

Domestic shrimp feed for better profitability and sustainability The dominance of multinational

shrimps in India, driving production

the profitability and sustainability of

companies over shrimp feed in India

cost upwards and reducing profitability.

shrimp farming.

may soon end, thanks to a local feed

The shrimp feed market at large has

developed by the Central Institute of

been dominated by MNCs.

Brackishwater Aquaculture (CIBA), Chennai, which will benefit aquaculture

www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in

farmers in a big way.

14

Using this newly developed feed, the Opening of feed mill production units with indigenously developed formulated feed would provide a cost

Branded as Vannamei Plus, the cost-

effective choice to domestic farmers

effective product has been made out of

along with popular feeds of

locally available ingredients and

multinational companies.

indigenous feed manufacturing technology. It was successfully demonstrated in Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala, where it received good harvest results.

Today, the feed accessibility as per requirements is a constraint for many of the small and medium farmers with the supply regulated through authorised chains. The size of the Rs. 4500 crore

The feed is priced at Rs. 60/kg against

Indian shrimp feed market is about 0.6

the current price of available products,

million tonnes, he said.

which is in the range of Rs. 75-85, KK Vijayan, Director of CIBA, said recently.

cost share of feed to produce one kg of shrimp was Rs. 91 against Rs. 140 with commercial feeds. The usage of low cost feed has given scope for domestic farmers to reduce Vannemei production cost.

K Ambashankar, Principal Scientist and in-charge nutrition group, CIBA said that the feed with 36 per cent protein and an impressive feed conversion ratio (FCR) along with a proven cost advantage could be popularise among the small and medium scale feed mills

Vijayan, who was here to witness the

across major shrimp farming areas in

harvest using the new feed in

the country.

The feed price, he said, has been on the Kodungallur, said that the development rise since the introduction of Vannamei

Sustainable option

of a local product would contribute to

Source : Business Line

INDUSTRY NEWS

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

Report projects raise in global grain demand for Livestock feed Livestock feed will surpass biofuels as the main source of growth in global grain consumption in the next 10 years as emerging countries consume more animal protein while lower oil prices and policy changes end a decade of high demand for crop-based biofuel, the FAO and OECD said recently.

â&#x20AC;&#x153;The major changes in demand are in developing countries," the report said.

"Rising incomes prompt consumers to diversify their diets by increasing their consumption of animal protein relative to starches."

Animal feed demand would account for 70 percent of growth in world In their annual Agricultural Outlook consumption of coarse grains - mainly report, the United Nations Food and corn (maize) - in the next 10 years, in particular, which has land resources double its share in the previous decade to expand its soy production.

Agriculture Organization and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation when it lagged the near 40 percent Brazil was also tipped to see significant contribution of biofuels. and Development confirmed a broad growth in biofuel use, as the trend already projected last year of Coarse grains would in turn represent government encouraged further more moderate food commodity prices more than half of an expected rise of ethanol blending, in contrast to a due to production gains and less 390 million tonnes to 2.8 billion tonnes slowing trend in the United States and vigorous demand. in global use of cereals, which are the Europe.

Prices of all major agricultural products most consumed category of agricultural In trade terms, exports would remain product, the report said. are set to decrease in real terms over dominated by a small group of 2015-2024, although they will remain The need for more livestock feed would countries, with South American above levels seen before a surge in also spur extra demand for oilseeds, led producers notably expected to help 2007-2008 that heralded a period of by soybeans, that yield relatively high- meet protein demand in Asia. high volatility, the report said. protein meal. This could benefit Brazil

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Source: Reuters

15

INTERVIEW

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in

Delivering science with innovative molecules

16

Expanding up its production and R&D facility, Kemin Industries South Asia (Kemin India), Indian subsidiary of nutritional ingredient manufacturer from US (Kemin Industries) is well positioned to serve Indian and Indian sub continent market that is poised for a rapid growth.

Think Grain Think Feed got an opportunity to interact with the captains of the ship about company's growth, challenges in the industry and way forward.

K

emin Industries has 8 production facilities and 6 R&D facilities across the globe, the company

manufactures over 500 specialty ingredients for

animal health and nutrition, pet food technologies and personal care segment.Situated next to poultry hub of India in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Kemin India has recently expanded its facility to 42000 sq. ft including state-ofthe-art R&D lab in 15000 sq. ft with an investment of USD 1.4 million.

The production facility of the company is located in Gumidipoondi area near Chennai, producing 24000 tonnes of feed nutritional ingredients. The company is operating with a team strength of 450 professionals, handling raw material sourcing to production and sales, the company is serving the customers in best possible manner.

Humble Beginning The company started with a humble beginning in 1961, when founders RW & Mary Nelson invested their savings of USD 10000 in the business and has built Kemin Industries as a global organization around the world present in all the continents and providing value in the food, feed & health businesses. The Indian direct operation began from 1997 and the availability of Marigold flowers in India was the sole reason for Kemin worldwide to look at India at first and later realizing the market opportunities in the animal nutrition has

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

in improved quality, efficiency, cost and affordable protein availability. Today, Kemin India is achieving an impressive growth of 33 percent p.a. and aiming to reach a revenue of INR 500 crore by 2018.

Kemin Industries globally is a 650 million company and Animal nutrition division is contributing 55 percent of Kemin business worldwide. The company operates in 90 countries with manufacturing facilities in China, India, Brazil, Belgium, Italy, Singapore, South Africa and United States, with its corporate headquarters in Des Moines, Iowa.

Sharing the vision of company, G S Ramesh, President and CEO, Kemin South Asia says,â&#x20AC;&#x153;we at Kemin strive to improve the quality of life by touching half the people of the world every day with our products and services.

We are measuring it every day and currently we have touched 3 billion people i.e. closer to our vision of touching 3.7 Billion by 2018. That would be a 1st phase of our vision.â&#x20AC;?

L-R: Dr. Haridasan Chirakkal, G S Ramesh, George Joseph & Samraj Jeychandran

strategically entered the poultry

"On worldwide level, Kemin Industries is planning to

business and made in roads to success

invest more in sustainably growing plant resources and

and never looked back. Samraj

manage natural resources. Year on year, the company is

Jeychandran, Sr. Vice President, one of

transiting toward plant resources like 5 years ago less

the key founding members has stated

than 20% of products used to come from plant sources

that innovation, differentiation and

and today it is 36%. We are consistently increasing the

value addition provided through a small proportion of plant sources in our products to ensure core group early on has made Kemin

the sustainable growth, while delivering better quality,

what it is in current decade.

better performance and overall benefits to the

When Kemin entered in India,

customers," he adds.

customers were using traditional

Customer satisfaction has always been a priority for

feeding systems and the company put

Kemin Industries. "The company organizes workshops

all its efforts to partner with the

and other training programs to upgrade its customer

industry, educate them and share its

about nutrition and technology and act in partnership

international expertise. In last 10 years,

with its customers to fulfill their expectations while

with adopting international technology

achieving mutually profitable results," states Samraj.

Indian poultry industry has seen

Sharing his experience with the company, Samraj feels

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Kemin Industries South Asia

progressive growth which has resulted

17

INTERVIEW

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

as good as an entrepreneur who has seen the company starting from scratch back in 1998 and its growth all over the years. He is enjoying every single minute of the mission to provide local innovative nutritional and health solutions for a changing world.

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Raw Material-Universal Problem

18

Availability of traditional raw materials on affordable prices and quality alternatives is a big issue for the Indian feed industry. In the past decade, the industry has understood the importance of quality inputs for producing quality products. Samraj points out,"availability of corn and soya at an affordable cost is a universal problem. Research on alternate raw material has reached a high level now.

India is blessed with a plethora of alternate raw materials like guar based products, DDGS, meat and bone meal, sunflower meal etc. The issue faced is consistency in quality and specifications. Most consumers cannot analyze these raw materials and are skeptical in adding the same in higher levels. The manufacturers need to improve the quality and provide consistency in the protein levels, declare digestible levels and make sure they are pathogen and contamination free. In addition to these issues, the yield per hectare of our crops is way behind the international levels. Most countries in the world are using GMO crops and the governmental authorities can look into this direction and help farmers improve their production and yield."

Future Prospects In last 3 decades, shifting of 100 percent mash feed to present 80% pellet feed signifies the upgraded level of the nutritional knowledge among the Indian industry. If cattle and layer industry in India shift to compound feed, then the country needs to produce 80-90 MMT compound feed annually. Right now the total compound feed produced in whole of South Asia is just 30 MMT annually. â&#x20AC;&#x153;We might compare the body weight and FCR of our birds to that of international standards but industry still have a long way to go to ensure profitability to producer and affordable price to consumer," says Samraj Jeychandran.

"Advanced technologies have demonstrated a high efficiency feed with 80-90 percent throughput, better quality and integrity of feed to reduce the wastage of plant bringing more profitability to the producers," shares GS Ramesh.

We have a specialized team who works in Product Application Division (PAD) and suggest and inspire them for using better technology and also tune-fine the plant operation,he adds.

Right Science The right science and deep research are the keys to developing products that can be better utilized in the animal system. Dr. Haridasan Chirakkal who heads the R&D division of Kemin South Asia shares about the recent technologies that are patented by Kemin and its role in bringing better efficiency and profitability in the industry.

Encapsulation, incidentally, is the core technology of Kemin, which includes, proteins, amino acids, fats. In addition to these, company also produces chelated minerals, antioxidants, vitamin mixes, toxin binders, antibiotics and probiotics.

The company has recently patented its technology of new Liquid Bio Surfactant LBS ( Liquid Bio Surfactant)

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

which transforms the application process by directly dosing the bio-surfactant into the oil and fat application line. It is a naturally derived liquid bio-surfactant, mixing it with the oil and fats early enhances its efficacy and helps to standardize the energy value of the oil and hence improves the digestion and absorption of nutrients in feed.

Way forward

The industry should focus on step ahead to tackle emerging challenges like detecting sources of new chemical or biological contaminants. Industry needs fastest approach to help to develop more effective elimination strategies. Feed safety is a journey that "Traditionally bio-surfactants are added in dry form to the mixer with other feed raw materials. Their benefits to will lead to safe and wholesome protein availability at affordable prices. improve lipid digestion are well known. Consequently, the addition of a bio-surfactant leads to a better "Looking ahead, the industry has to utilisation of the energy from feed raw materials, focus on long term sustainability. As resulting in improved feed conversion ratios, lower safety regulations in the country are production costs and improved profitability,"explains Dr. not up to the mark, but when borders will start getting thinner, then more Haridasan. food will start coming from outside of "SLA i.e. slow release amylase isanothertechnology the country. Are we ready to face the which comes under the same principle of delivering nutrients in encapsulated form to make these to release competition which can claim their food slowly in the GI tract or bypass rumen. This helps in the safe and produced in an efficient way?," says GS Ramesh. greater absorption of nutrients, as the nutrient in "The Indian industry should prepare question gets more time to be in touch with the itself for future challenges. Get more intestinalmucosa/ villae," Dr. Chirakkal adds. awareness about the sustainable raw Automation is the key material and manage quality and safety The company started with manual operations to systems in food. We have started in the produce the product portfolio in India. To be in tune right direction but there is a long way with times and to increase the plant operational to go," concludes Mr. GS Ramesh. efficiencies, and responding to the aggressive growth of the company, the immediate goal is to bring complete automation in the plant.

The company uses best system in the world to produce nutritional ingredients and has been strictly tracking Raw material risk assessment (RMRA) that ensures the processes used in supplier products comply with the company requirement to deliver the quality product.

"As an international company, we ensure that the production facility operates with highest quality standards. We maintain EU standards which in itself states the produced quality. At the same time we also focus on best delivery that may even cross the quality standards. As in case of dust level in air, allowed dust the level in production facility is 5 mg/cu air and we aim to reach 3mg/cu air," he adds.

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"Pertaining to strong growth of 30 percent on yearly basis, large scale automation is introduced in the operations which is expected to complete by the year end which would cover operations right from the reception of the raw materials up to packaging.

Automation offers multiple benefits that would result in greater efficiency of the operations and tremendous increase in the quantum of the product and thus, contributing to the overall growth of the company," says George Joseph , Vice President Operations, Kemin South Asia.

19

ARTICLE

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

Azolla Microphylla : A Potential Feed for Livestock Anupam Chatterjee, A. Goswami & A. Mohammad National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani

C

onventional sources of feeds

number of purposes including animal feed, green

are not enough to mitigate the

manure and for their family feed resources. The best

shortage of feeds and fodder

known among these include the free floating plants;

and to make animal production viable

water lettuce (Pistia), water hyacinth (Eichhcornia),

and profitable in tropical countries.

duckweed (Lemna) and Azolla and some bottom

India had 70 million hectares under

growing plants. In recent years, Azolla has attracted the

grassland in the year 1947 has reduced

attention of scientists as a feed resource for livestock

to 38 million hectares today. As a

and even called it as Green gold mine or super plant

result, the net deficit of green fodder is

due to its high nutritive value and faster growth.

around 60 percent, apart from the feed

THE FERN- AZOLLA

www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in

deficit of around 64 percent. In order to

20

bridge this gap and to ensure optimum

Azolla (mosquito fern, duckweed fern, fairy moss, and

production of livestock throughout the

water fern) is a small free floating aquatic fern native to

year, we have to make greater use of

Asia, Africa, and America. Azolla is a genus of six

non-conventional feed resources as

species of aquatic ferns, the only genus in the family

supplement or replacement of

Azollaceae. It grows naturally in stagnant water in

conventional feed, but without

drains, canals, ponds, rivers and water bodies including

compromising the quality of nutrient

marshy lands. Out of the six species, Azolla pinnata and

supply. The supplementary resources in

Azolla micrphylla are common in Indian subcontinent.

India also include aquatic macrophytes

Azolla microphylla is reported to be most suitable for

which have rich nutrients and mineral

livestock feeding.

profile.

Azolla leaf consists of two lobes, an aerial dorsal lobe,

Throughout the world, and particularly

which is chlorophyllous, and a partially submerged

in Asia, farmers have harvested

ventral lobe. Each dorsal lobe contains a leaf cavity,

naturally produced aquatic plants for a

which houses the symbiotic Anabaena azollae. The fern

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

Among different Azolla strains, Azolla microphylla has been found to be the best source of amino acids so best used as animal feed. Lysine, arginine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, glycine and valine have been reported to be predominant amino acids in Azolla.

In general Azolla was reported to be rich in mineral profile, the fern was found to be a rich source of calcium, phosphorous, potassium, manganese, copper, magnesium and zinc. It has been found a very good source of essential fatty acids like Lenolenic Acid and several antioxidants. On fresh material, the carotene content ranged from 206 to 619 mg/kg on dry matter (DM) basis. Some anti nutritional factors like nitrate and polyphenol have also been found, but are within

Anabaena azollae, which is responsible

Table 1: AZOLLA CULTIVATION (method used by NDRI) !

Bed preparation : Select a pit size of around 10 sq. Meter* (12 feet x 9 ft) and make the floor of pit even by removing any roots and other plants

!

Pit formation : By earth cutting or with the help of bricks make artificial tank of 20-30 cm height

!

Spreading of sheet : Spread out silpauline sheet (or other good quality polythene sheet) of suitable size (for e.g. 15 x12 ft size for a pit of 12 feet x 9 ft) evenly without any holes and fix the edges either with mud or bricks

!

Soil bed : Pour approx 30-35 kg (@ 3-3.5 kg/ sq. m.) of sieved fertile soil or make a soil bed of 1 to 2 cm thick evenly

!

Pouring of slurry : Around 3 kg (@ 300 g/sq.m. pit size) cow dung (about 3 days old) and 80-90 g (@ 8-9 g/sq. m. pit size) of Single Super Phosphate (SSP) mixed in 10-15 litres of water to make slurry and poured into the pit

!

Adding water and Azolla culture : Add water in pit up to height of about 10 -12 cm and around 1 Kg of fresh and pure Azolla microphylla culture may be added

!

Periodical Input : To sustain the production of Azolla, around 250-300 g/sq.m. cow dung and 8-9 g/sq. m. of SSP should be added once every week. Micronutrient mix containing magnesium, iron, copper etc. can also be added at weekly interval (@ 10-15 g/ bed

!

Water Replacement : 25 to 30 % of the water needs to be replaced with fresh water once every 15-20 days to prevent nitrogen build up in the pit

!

Soil Replacement : Around 10 kg bed soil should be replaced with fresh soil, once in 30 days to avoid nitrogen build up and prevent micronutrient deficiency

!

Cleaning of Pit : In case of severe weed/pest attack or in every six months routine, the pits should be cleaned & new Azolla microphylla culture has to be inoculated

!

Yield of Azolla : Under optimum maintenance and climatic condition Azolla grows rapidly and fill the pit within 10-15 days and thereafter the yield of Azolla is around 200-250 g/ sq m/day or 20 -25 qtl /ha/day

!

Harvesting of Azolla : From a 10 sq. m. pit 2-2.5 kg Azolla can be harvested daily. Wash properly with water to get rid of foul smell of cow dung if any and then offer to the animals mixed with concentrate or roughage

for the fixation and assimilation of atmospheric nitrogen. This fact makes the Azolla tend to contain relatively high levels of nitrogen and be an attractive protein source for animal feed, not only the livestock and poultry but also in aquaculture species. Azolla, in turn, provides the carbon source and favorable environment for the growth and development of the BGA symbiont.

METHODS OF AZOLLA PRODUCTION Several methods of Azolla production had been explored like in cement tubs, permanent concrete tanks, natural water bodies, brick-lined or semi grounded brick-lined pits etc. However, for better productivity and less weed infestation, the grounded pits and brick-lined raised pits are advisable for the farmers. Semi grounded and semi grounded bricklined pits are even better.

NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT OF AZOLLA The variations in the nutrient composition of Azolla is due to differences in the response of Azolla strains to environmental conditions which consequently affect their growth, morphology and chemical composition.

The macronutrient composition of Azolla microphylla based on last five years study at NDRI, Kalyani is listed in Table 2.

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Azolla has a symbiotic blue green algae

21

ARTICLE

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

Table 2: Nutrient composition of Azolla microphylla Parameter (%DM)

Range

Mean ± SE

based diets have given quite encouraging results when

Organic Matter (OM)

81.13-79.13

79.79±0.43

fed to juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis nilotica).

Crude protein (CP)

20.02 -29.24 25.63±0.40

Cattle & Buffalo

Ether Extract (EE)

3.22-4.6

4.12±0.19

Feeding of Azolla after replacing 50% of groundnut cake

Crude Fibre (CF)

11.25-14.65

12.45±0.37

nitrogen, improved growth performance of buffalo calves. Feed conversion efficiency and economics of

Total Ash (TA)

18.87-26.39

20.21±0.40

Acid Insoluble Ash (AIA)

3.35-5.22

4.02±0.29

Nitrogen Free Extract (NFE)

31.5-44.64

37.57±0.34

Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF)

45.2-48.5

46.89±0.76

Acid Detergent Fibre (ADF)

31.4-36.25

33.81±0.64

Acid Detergent Lignin (ADL)

7.9-11.07

10.11±0.59

Cellulose

13.2-19.23

16.02±1.2

Hemi Cellulose

9.01-17.09

12.30±0.87

Non structural carbohydrate (NSC) 21.6-27.09

23.68±0.68

acceptable range.

has been reported to replace about 25 per cent of the total protein in the concentrate mixture without any adverse effect. In a field trial an overall increase of milk yield of about 15 percent has been observed when 1.5 2 kg of fresh Azolla per day was combined with regular feed.

At NDRI , Kalyani series of feeding trials show !

Supplementation of fresh Azolla @ 2kg /day/animal caused an increase in milk yield by 11.2% and FCM yield by 12.5% in Jersey cross bred

LIVESTOCK SPECIES

cows without any adverse effect on milk

Poultry/Ducks

composition !

Supplementation of dried Azolla microphylla meal

poultry feed supplemented with fresh

to male jersey cross bred calves @ 60 g / animal

Azolla at levels of 5 % grew faster than

(equivalent to 1 kg fresh azolla) replacing 10 % of

the control group. Fresh Azolla can

concentrate mixture caused an increase in growth

partially replace whole soya beans up

rate by around 9 %. The feed conversion efficiency

to a level of about 20% of the total

and Feed conversion ratio have also improved

crude protein in diets of fattening

significantly

ducks without any adverse effects on

!

Supplementing fresh Azolla microphylla to cross

growth rate or health. The birds that

bred heifers @ 1.5 kg /animal replacing equivalent

received normal feed with 5% extra

weight of concentrate mixture on DM basis

supplementation of Azolla showed

significantly improved the average growth rate and

10–12% increase in the total body

feed conversion efficiency by around 15%

weight. Dietary inclusion of sun dried Azolla up to 5% levels had no adverse effect on production performance of broiler chicken. The feed cost per kg gain is reduced and net profit per bird

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feeding was significantly improved. Dried Azolla meal

FEEDING OF AZOLLA TO DIFFERENT

White Leghorn females fed commercial

22

supplement in extensive system of fish rearing. Azolla

being higher.

In the Eastern part of India fodder cultivation is an uncommon practice due to lack of land and fragmentation of land holding. The state like West Bengal is not having a single large farmer in terms of land holding. Farmers usually utilize their cropping land for food crop cultivation. As a result in many cases the

Fish

animals are not offered any cultivated green roughages

Azolla is an appropriate supplemental

in their ration. With growing human population and

feed for herbivorous fish such as tilapia

decreasing size of arable land, the fodder shortage is

(O. niloticus). Some trials have shown

going to be very alarming in coming years. Under such

that tilapia can consume azolla @50 -

circumstance Azolla can serve well as it can be grown by

80% of their weight per day. Azolla

minimum input of labour or land throughout the year

meal protein can replace up to 100% of

and can supply at least some green feed to the animals.

the soybean meal protein in diet of

Azolla can serve as a potential alternative nutrient

black tiger shrimp without any adverse

supplement for the Livestock for the improvement of

effect. Low cost feed has been

productivity in terms of growth, milk, meat etc with high

formulated using Azolla as a protein

economic efficiency.

INDUSTRY NEWS

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

Disruptions in Feed Grain Supply to effect Asian Feed industry

Cargoes from the South American nation have been facing delays for the past few weeks due to strong rainfall, but millers have been able to operate using exports that were already en route and inventory, according to trade sources.

But as those stocks dwindle, Asian feed makers are set to feel the pinch from tightening supply, likely boosting benchmark prices already driven up by unfavourable crop conditions in South America.

Chicago soymeal futures have surged more than 50 percent since early April, while corn has jumped by about a quarter.

“I think the real tightness in supplies will come from July onwards,” said a trading manager with an international trading company in Singapore.

almost 30 percent of global imports.

a more than six-fold jump in its purchases of the grain to 7.3 million tonnes in 2015/16 from four years earlier, according to U.S. Department of Agriculture data.

of unseasonal downpours in April

“Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines will not be impacted that much as far as

corn is concerned because they have all “The situation seems to be improving been trying to replace corn with feed slightly in recent days but even if a boat wheat,” a second Singapore trader said. leaves today, it will take 45 days to get “But for meal, I think everyone will take to Southeast Asia.” a hit.” In the past, Asian feed grain Vietnam and South Korea are likely to importers turned to India for corn and be worst-hit in the region by tightness soymeal purchases when South in corn supplies as they depend heavily American supply was low. But the South on South American feed materials, Asian nation has been absent from the traders said. international market for the past few South Korea is the world's third-largest years amid growing local consumption. importer of corn, buying about 10 million tonnes a year. Vietnam has seen The shipping disruptions follow on top

For soymeal, buyers in Asia account for

hitting the soy crop in Argentina, the world's biggest exporter of soymeal, while drought cut corn output in Brazil, the No.2 producer of that grain.

Source : Financial Express

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Asian millers that churn out animal feed are expected to face a squeeze in supplies of key ingredients corn and soymeal in coming weeks as heavy rains disrupt shipments from major exporter Argentina.

23

INNOVATION

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

Ration Balancing Program by NDDB - Innovation in Livestock Feeding Dr. Ankaj Sharma, Creative Agri Solutions

L

ivestock feeding is an important aspect of dairy business and it plays very important role in milk production and profitability of dairy farming. An estimated 70 percent of the total cost of milk production is contributed by feed. Imbalanced feeding adversely impacts not only the health and productivity of animals but also affects income from milk production.

local resource persons (LRPs) who would be identified, trained and supervised by existing dairy cooperatives and producer companies. implementing agency. The LRPs are local youth which are trained

by NDDB to use the ration balancing software and consult dairy farmers at their door step.

a)

Feeding with locally available fodder which are of 23 type.

The responsibilities of the LRP are:

b)

Imbalance feeding of dairy animals, sometimes there is excess/deficiency of one ingredient or another.

d)

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million milch animals in 40,000 villages using about 40,000

Feeding of dairy animals in rural areas face common challenges like:

c)

24

The National Dairy Plan (NDP) - I plan to cover about 2.7

Nutrition requirements estimation based on status of animals. The feed and fodder requirements of pregnant animal, milking animals are different and it also depends on milk production of cattle.

Availability of advice for balanced animal feeding.

These all factors leads to less milk production and high cost of production. This has major impact on profitability and sustainability of dairy farming by smallholders.

In order to overcome these issues, NDDB has started Ration Balancing Program . The objectives of this program is to produce optimum quantity of milk at the least cost from dairy animals by using locally available feed ingredients.

The Ration Balancing Program model: NDDB has developed user friendly software for ration balancing. The local resource persons (LRP) hired by the

!

Participate in Ration Balancing training.

!

Conduct village awareness programme.

!

Ear tag the identified animals.

!

Record animal wise information required to balance the ration and recommend the ration.

!

Re-record information of every animal after every 3-4 weeks interval and re-recommend the balanced ration.

!

Cross check the information provided by farmers.

!

Ensure feeding of least cost balanced ration by the farmers.

The advantages of the Ration Balancing Program are: !

Use of locally available resources which provide balanced ration at least cost.

!

Increased milk production

!

Improved animal health and better growth rate

!

Net increase in income and profitability of dairy farmers

The NDDB has also launched a mobile applicationnamed 'Pashu Poshan', to recommend a balanced diet for cows and buffaloes to help boost dairy farmers' income by raising milk yield and cutting feed cost.

Source: NDDB & Economics Times

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Image source: ibratasbd

ARTICLE

26

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

Impact of monsoon on Indian Feed Industry Abhijeet Banerjee, Religare Commodities

D

emand for water has been rising since last few decades mainly due to expanding agriculture, increasing population, growing industrialization, and rising standards of living. A normal monsoon phase has a significant positive impact on the agricultural sector and lives dependent on it, hence the nation's GDP. The IMD has forecast for above normal monsoon earlier this month, with country as a whole expected to receive good rainfall.

A poor crop outlook for coarse cereals also results in reducing the fodder supply. This situation may force government to allow import of fodder in order to meet the deficit. As a result, the country's import bill increases and adversely affects its economic growth.

domestic usage and country's export share of feed ingredients has already reduced drastically.

According to The India Meteorological Department, the monsoon seems to be stuck over a small arc covering Gujarat and West Rajasthan over the past few days as it

Monsoon forecast

As per weather reports the Southwest Monsoon had hit the coasts of Kerala on 8 June against the earlier estimated date of 7 June. Till now it has covered Southern, Eastern and Central part of India. Rainfall across the country for the current season (11 June-21 June) was 25% less compared to normal rainfall of 90mm, but the deficit had reduced to 9 percent in The monsoon has been poor in last two recent weeks. All in all, the IMD has forecasted that the years thus increasing prices of essential country will receive above-normal rainfall, or 106% of commodities like pulses and LPA for the current season. While expecting overall vegetables. Since prices of Agro monsoon to be better than normal in the current year, commodities go up during water crisis the government is targeting a record foodgrain or drought situations, the animal feed production of 270.10 million tonnes in 2016-17. industry also suffers. A drought in India It may be noted that the Southwest Monsoon was generally creates a shortage of coarse grains used in animal feed, resulting in below normal in 2015 and because of the El Nino effect, therefore rainfall across the nation was poor. The impact feed shortage or increase in import of El Nino began in April 2015 and reached its peak in demand. Traditionally, India exports December 2015. The impact started declining thereafter corn and meal to Southeast Asia. and became moderate in early April this year, finally However, growing demand for poultry weakening by early May. and dairy products has enhanced the

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

Similarly corn production for MY 2015/16 remains unchanged at 21 MMT based on the reports of good harvest of Rabi corn in the eastern states. Based on the Table 1: Area sown in Lakh hectares

Present status of crops According to the latest update from the Agriculture Ministry, net cropped area till 8 July stood at 406.27 lakh hectares as compared to 431.82 lakh hectares last year, during the same period. The details of area covered so far and its comparison to last year is shown in Table1.

As per recently released reports from the USDA, Indian oilmeal export in MY 2016/17 is forecast to rise moderately versus last year, i.e. from 1.3 MMT to 2.6 MMT, assuming normal market conditions. Indian oilmeal production in MY 2016/17 is expected to recover to a more normal level of 15.4 MMT.

Year 2016-17

Year 2015-16

Rice

81.93

77.31

Pulses

45.94

36.44

Coarse Cereals

75.02

77.80

Oilseeds

82.28

101.15

Sugarcane

45.78

43.68

Jute & Mesta

7.43

7.61

Cotton

67.89

87.83

Total

406.27

431.82

recent MOA's third advance estimate, MY 2014/15 sorghum and millet (largely Kharif crops) production estimate has been revised lower on lower acreage and yields. Sorghum production is estimated at 5.5 million tonnes versus 4.6 million tonnes in 2014-15.

The monsoon rains are important for 55 percent of Indian farmland that does not have irrigation area and is considered deficient. The four-month season accounts for 75 percent of India's annual rainfall and roughly 50 percent of that is usually delivered in June and July. Till now the weather department has projected a better monsoon year for 2016, but it will be too early to arrive at any conclusion. It will take few more weeks at least to assess the monsoon situation. Better monsoon performance will be beneficial to the Animal feed industry on the whole offsetting the requirements of the domestic feed industry and adding value to the country's trade bill in terms of export of feed raw materials. The government should carefully monitor the monsoon performance for next couple of months, and respond promptly, in case of any adverse situations.

Table 2: Production Projections Feed Raw Material

2016-17 Production 2015-16 Production Projections (Million Estimate (Million Metric Tonnes) Metric Tonnes)

Oilmeals Maize

15.4 21

13.8 21

Rice

105

103.5

Wheat

88

88

Jowar

5.5

4.6

Source: USDA

Table 3: Export Projections Feed 2016-17 Export Raw Projections (Million Material Metric Tonnes) Oilmeals 2.6

2015-16 Export Estimate (Million Metric Tonnes) 1.3

Maize Rice

0.5 9

0.5 8.5

Wheat

1

0.4

Jowar

0.05

0.10

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waits to run through the last base to establish coverage over mainland India.

Heavy rain were reported over west Rajasthan and adjoining Gujarat during the first week of July, and the rains were forecasted to sustain over Central and adjoining North-West India for the next few days given the presence of helpful atmospheric systems (low-pressure areas and other circulations). The Department also projected heavy to very heavy rain over at a few places over Gujarat, isolated places over east Rajasthan and west Madhya Pradesh; heavy at isolated places over Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, west Rajasthan, east Madhya Pradesh, Saurashtra and Kutch for the same period.

Crop

Source: USDA

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EVENT COVERAGE

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

Sustainability and safety of feed and food along the value chain Feed and food industry and private sector operators, governmental officers, scientific and technical experts from around the world came together to discuss on the needs to ensure sustainability and safety of the food we eat or provide to our animals.

The critical issues facing the agri-food chain were discussed at the 5th Global

industries, as well as the most important challenges that lie ahead for the sector. The discussion touched on critical issues facing the agri-food chain, including sustainability, how to drive and finance innovation, the importance of a balanced regulatory framework, technology transfer and capacity development as well as free and fair

in a sustainable manner around the world. The topics discussed included: !

Feed related updates in the Codex Alimentarius and the necessity for the feed sector to approach the food sector for addressing feed safety

!

Update on the IFIF Convergence Project, which aims towards convergence of technical requirements specific to feed additive/ingredient authorization across regions

!

The outcomes of the FAO/WHO Expert Meeting on Hazards Associated with Animal Feed and the Feed Safety

!

The need for risk assessments and scientific knowledge on feed and feed technologies

!

The state of feed legislations and

www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in

the needs for regulatory

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Feed & Food Congress (GFFC), organized by the International Feed Industry Federation (IFIF) in cooperation with the European Feed Manufacturers' Federation (FEFAC) and hosted by the Turkish Feed Manufacturers' Association (TÜRKÝYEMBÝR), with technical support provided by FAO. Ms Yuriko Sojin, Head, FAO Subregional Office for Central Asia pointed out in welcome speech, what a great opportunity the congress was “to address together some of the challenges of the livestock, feed and food sectors. The effective engagement of the private sector can help the fight against hunger and malnutrition, which are in the forefront of FAO mandate.”

Addressing the overall theme 'Equity and Prosperity for All - The Future', a high level panel of speakers brought together.

Speaking in front of 900 international delegates, the panellists discussed the current state of the feed and food

trade.

The congress provided critical insight into the sustainability challenge of the feed and food value chain. Updates and insights were given on the FAO led Feed Safety Multi-stakeholder Partnership, the LEAP Partnership and the Global Agenda for Sustainable Livestock. The Congress also drawn attention to a field of action in the activities of FAO addressing the livestock, feed and food sectors: the fight against antimicrobial resistance.

She highlighted that “The responsible use of antimicrobials in agriculture, feed and food production can save lives.”

The Congress was paired by an International Feed Regulators Meetings (IFRM), organized by FAO and IFIF, a meeting that provides yearly an opportunity for feed regulators and industry professionals from across the globe to exchange ideas and information, to address common challenges and to discuss concrete proposals to provide safe feed and food

frameworks Joel Newman, IFIF Chairman was “delighted that many world regions and key regulatory bodies were represented at the 9th IFRM and that this meeting yet again proved an important opportunity for the global feed industry and feed regulators to discuss key issues for the feed and food chain. We believe that only by working together can we continue to ensure feed and food safety, while meeting the global demands for food sustainably.”

Daniela Battaglia, Livestock Development Officer at FAO concluded: “The success of this meeting is a proof that FAO efforts to facilitate dialogue between the public and private sector are worthwhile. Feed operators can valuably contribute to make the livestock and food sectors more responsible and sustainable and to achieve other important goals such as food security, public health, and animal health and welfare.”

2016

CALENDAR OF EVENTS

JULY Indo Livestock 2016 Expo & Forum Date: 27-29 July 2016 Venue: Jakarta Convention Center - Indonesia Email: info@indolivestock.com Web: www.indolivestock.com

AUGUST Broiler Feed Quality Conference Date: 18-19 August 2016 Venue: Bangkok, Thailand Email: events@asian-agribiz.com Web: www.asian-agribiz.com

GrainTech India Date: 26-28 August 2016 Venue: Bangalore International Exhibition Centre (BIEC), Bangalore, India Email: graintechindia@gmail.com Web: www.graintechindia.com

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 2 | Issue 9 | July 2016

OCTOBER AGRENA 2016 Date: 6-8 October 2016 Venue: Cairo International Conference Center, Egypt Email: info@agrena.net Web: www.agrena.net

Layer Feed Quality Conference Date: 17-18 October 2016 Venue: Jakarta, Indonesia Email: events@asian-agribiz.com Web: www.asian-agribiz.com

Vietstock Date: 19-21 October 2016 Venue: Saigon Exhibition & Convention Center (SECC, HCMC, Vietnam Email: vietstock@ubm.com Web: www.vietstock.org

NOVEMBER SEPTEMBER CLFMA Symposium Date: 2-3 September 2016 Venue: Kolkata, India Email: clfmaindia@gmail.com Web: www.clfmaofindia.org

VIV China Date: 6-8 September 2016 Venue: Shunyi District Beijing, China Email: wang.yunyun@vip.163.com Web: www.vivchina.nl

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SPACE Date: 13-16 September 2016 Venue: Rennes Exhibition Centre, France Email: am.quemener@space.fr, info@space.fr

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Oilseed and Grain Trade Summit Date: 14-16 November 2016 Venue: Hyatt Regency, Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S. Email: ogts-info@highquestgroup.com Web: www.oilseedandgrain.com

EuroTier Date: 15-18 November 2016 Venue: Hanover, Germany Email: expo@dlg.org Web: www.eurotier.com

Poultry India Date: 23-25 November 2016 Venue: HITEX, Exhibition Centre, Hyderabad, India Email: info@poultryindia.co.in Web: www.poultryindia.co.in

To list any industry event related to Grain & Feed industry please write us at editor@benisonmedia.com