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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
What does Aatm Nirbhar Bharat mean for Indian livestock industry?
F
ollowing Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s call for Self-Reliant India amidst the Corona crisis, the centre, through the Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, has come up with many new
reforms and initiatives in the farming sector. In the 3rd?tranche of measures on the mega economic stimulus to tackle the coronavirus crisis,
Publisher & Editor Prachi Arora prachi.a@thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
Finance Minister?Nirmala Sitharaman?has announced different plans to strengthen Agriculture Infrastructure Logistics, Capacity Building, Governance and Administrative Reforms for Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Fisheries and Food Processing Sectors.
Managing Editor Dr. T.K. Walli Former Head, Dairy Cattle Nutrition, NDRI
National Animal Disease Control Programme for Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Brucellosis launched with total outlay of Rs. 13,343 crores to ensure 100% vaccination of cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat and pig population (total 53 crore animals) for Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and for brucellosis. An Animal Husbandry Infrastructure Development
Marketing, Designing & Subscription Head Ashwani Verma info@thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
Fund of Rs. 15,000 crores will be set up, with an aim to support private investment in Dairy Processing, value addition and cattle feed infrastructure. Incentives will be given for establishing plants for the export of niche products. Another plan for fisheries sector development called Pradhan Mantri
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Matsya Sampada Yojana, was also announced. It is expected to revolutionise the fisheries sector as it will invigorate it with the latest technology, infrastructure and ensure financial assistance. The scheme will be implemented under two components namely, Central Sector
EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Dr. Dinesh T. Bhosale Former Chairman, CLFMA of India Dr. S.P. Vinil Poultry Expert Mr. Amit Sachdev Indian Representative, US Grain Council
Scheme (CS) and Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) at a total estimated investment of Rs 20,050 crore comprising of Central share of Rs 9,407 crore, State share of Rs 4,880 crore and Beneficiaries’ share of Rs 5,763 crore. This will also give a boost to investments in the fisheries sector and increase of competitiveness of fish and fisheries products. The poultry sector looked missing in the schemes and to further understand the funds allocation in different sectors from government authorities, CLFMA of India organized a webinar in the 3rd week of May.
Dr. P.E. Vijay Anand US Soybean Export Council Dr. Suhas Amrutkar Subject Matter Specialist, Animal Nutrition, MAFSU, Parbhani
The government representatives were of optimistic view, they said it is time to ponder over that in spite of the fact that Poultry is largely an Integration business handled by larger players, only ~5% poultry is marketed in processed form, the rest is wet market. Industry should add more processing facilities and market the end-product on its own. As 70% of the population of the country is non vegetarian, and wet markets will
Dr. SN Mohanty Former Principal Scientist, CIFA
remain an issue in future as well. Hence, it is proposed that there should
Dr. Meeta Punjabi Mehta Agricultural Economist
opportunity to export if we may reduce the input cost. The authorities
Raghavan Sampath Kumar Commodity Expert
ministry.
be large integrated poultry processing plants which might also provide an have also proposed assistance for poultry sector to the concerned Government support is required by one and all, and various associations and other authorities are trying to get their attention but
Dr. Swamy Haladi Feed Additive Expert
only time will decide which sector gets the support, how well various
Dr. R Gnana Sekar Lead Consultant, GS Dairy Farm Consulting
business back to normal. Till then let's keep working unitedly.
Dr. Suraj Amrutkar Assistant Professor, Dept. of ILFC, SKUAST-J, Jammu
Prachi Arora
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schemes get implemented on ground and when we will be able to get
TK Walli
Monthly Magazine for Feed & Feed Technology
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
Vollume 1 | Issue 10 | August 2015
Contents R&D
INDUSTRY NEWS
05 By-products of sugar can be potential animal feed
06 Financial plan to support Indian fisheries sector announced
ARTICLE
08 How Artificial Intelligence will reshape future of Poultry Industry 12 Rebuilding the foundation: no more a luxury, but a necessity! 16 Understanding Colibacillosis for Better Prevention and Control in Poultry
11 Poultry sector felt isolated from government support, seeks loan recast and interest relief 19 Agri industry seeks autonomous body to use INR 1 lakh crore Agri Infrastructure Fund 20 Kenya prepares to import maize in the midst of COVID-19 pandemic 22 GM crops may bring food security in Africa 24 Technology driven companies supporting Aquaculture industry across the world 28 USDA Projects Rise in World Oilseed Production, Expects Higher Consumption, Reduces Ending Stock Estimates
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R&D
By-products of sugar can be potential animal feed
However, Queensland University of Technology scientists are discovering ways to develop new bagasse and trash
treatment processes, as well as probiotic and enzyme supplements, to change the structure and chemistry of bagasse and trash to improve their nutritional value and transform them into quality feed ingredients for animals, including chickens, pigs and cattle. Benefits for agriculture Australian agriculture is set to benefit from the outcomes of the project, with the development of new technologies to enhance the nutritional value of low value crop residues. This will increase the availability and reduce the cost of feed ingredients for animal producers. Benefits for producers To produce animal feed, biorefineries will need large quantities of crop residues such as sugarcane, bagasse and trash. Farmers will benefit as sources of these raw ingredients. In turn, this will increase employment opportunities as well as stimulate regional economic development by providing a new income stream for crop producers and processors. More information about this project
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Global demand for animal products is increasing, with significant growth in demand in Asia, and Australian agriculture is uniquely placed to satisfy these demands. As a result, there is a need to develop new feed ingredients that cost less, are more widely available, and have comparable or enhanced nutritional characteristics relative to existing feed ingredients. Sugar mills burn bagasse to produce heat, steam, and electricity to run their milling operations. Sugarcane trash is left on the paddock. It is possible to feed sugarcane bagasse and trash to animals but this is not done in Australia because they are not very nutritious.
05
R&D
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
Crop by-products like hay have always been used to feed animals but crop byproducts like sugarcane bagasse and trash in their native state are not very nutritious therefore are not use in animal feed. There is also room to improve the nutritional value of crop by-products that are used for animal feed. The university develops the processes to turn these crop byproducts into higher value feed ingredients like dietary fiber, sugars, and protein. According to QUT senior research fellow, Dr Mark Harrison, the research to find efficient, economically viable ways of transforming bagasse and cane trash into animal feed is very much about upcycling – reusing materials and waste to create higher value products.
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INDUSTRY NEWS
The aim is to produce animal feed ingredients from crop by-products like
06
sugarcane bagasse and trash. This happens using three different processes; 1.
Pretreatment to change the structure and chemistry of fibre so that digestibility improves.
2.
Processing to dissolve the sugar polymers in the cell walls and produce a feed syrup with similar properties to molasses.
3.
Solid state and liquid fermentation to produce single cell protein crop by-products and pretreated crop byproducts.
Outcomes · Development of chemical technology to improve fibre digestibility and produce a potential substitute for molasses · Development of microbial technology for production of high-quality feed protein using cheap feedstocks · Demonstration of advanced animal feed production at pilot scale · Development of a new income stream for producers in the Sugar Industry Source: Queensland University of Technology
Financial plan to support Indian fisheries sector announced India's government has committed a financial support plan designed to help its fisheries sector survive the difficulties caused by the lockdown measures applied from 25 March to 18 May in response to the coronavirus.
double India's fisheries export value to around USD 13 billion (EUR 12 billion).
As part of the package, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on 15 May said more than USD 2.6 billion (EUR 2.39 billion) will be allocated via the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) program to support the integrated, sustainable, inclusive development of marine and inland fisheries. Of the total, around USD 1.45 billion (EUR 1.33 billion) will be used to fund marine, inland fisheries and aquaculture, with the remainder dedicated to fisheries infrastructure such as fishing harbors, cold chain, and market development, News18 reported on 15 May.
According to CMFRI, the package may put priority on mariculture, particularly cage farming, given its ability to absorb large capital investments. Projects under consideration for funding include brood banks of marine fish, hatcheries, and auxiliary facilities for cage fish-farming.
In a statement released on 18 May, India's Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) said the funds from the package may be channelled to help reform local marine fisheries. Fishermen are likely to be given The scheme is part of the relief package assistance to modernize their fishing vessels by upgrading of more than USD 260 billion (EUR 239 marine safety and navigation systems, such as VMS, and billion) announced on 12 May by the adding fish-finding technology, as well as increasing the government to mitigate impacts by the ability and capacity of Indian fishing vessels to handle and COVID-19 pandemic. store fish onboard hygienically.
The allocation of funds for the fisheries sector is expected to create jobs for more than 55 million people and
“Mariculture and coastal aquaculture also has the potential to provide gainful employment to a section of the jobless return migrants from other countries,” CMFRI Director A Gopalakrishnan said. “Seaweed mariculture can get a [boost] from the proposed reforms in contract farming laws.” Gopalakrishnan said additional funding may be allocated to upgrade landing centers and wholesale facilities. “[The] financial package needs careful tinkering and strategic roll-out so as to achieve desired results in a sector that is severely battered by the prolonged COVID 19-induced lockdown and associated multiple ramifications,” Gopalakrishnan added. Source: seafoodsource
ARTICLE Image Source: ET Government
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
How Artificial Intelligence will reshape future of Poultry Industry Kanhhaiya Verma & Dr Ashish Arya, Artius Technologies
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Introduction:
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Artificial Intelligence is an essential part of computer science which help create the smart machines capable to perform task that typically require human intelligence. It is a wide-ranging tool that enables people to integrate information, analyse data, and use the insights to improve decision-making thus improving efficiency of any Business. Let's take the example of Google Search Engine, it is programed and developed by human intelligence to give you a platform from where you can get any information related to anything by typing the exact keywords in search box. Google Search Engine uses artificial Intelligence to reduce the human effort in getting any information available on internet. There are several parts we need to know in order to completely understand the concept of Artificial
Intelligence. Please find the table below for a brief overview about Artificial Intelligence. It will be difficult to explain all the components individually in a single article. Above table just give us brief Idea that Artificial intelligence is a very broad topic and have multiple components and parts. Scope of AI is very broad and has multiple application across different industries. Artificial Intelligence in Poultry Industry: Artificial Intelligence can help address many challenges in poultry industry. Human interference in farm can be a source of infection plus in many processes machines and robotics can be much more efficient as compared to Humans. Artificial Intelligence can very well reduce the error, improve efficiency of farming and maximize profit of a farm. We will cover one by one how AI can create an impact in Poultry Industry. 1)
Farm Management
Big Data has a huge role to play in improving Farm Management practices. Large amount of data in our Industry is manual and in recent time computers are used to store all the information about the farm. Various parameters are being collected and information is stored
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
Table 1: Artificial Intelligence- an overview PUBLIC CLOUD BIG DATA
Artificial Intelligence Supervised Learning
Machine Learning
Unsupervised Learning Reinforcement Learning
Statistical Learning
Speech Recognition
Deep Learning
NPL Natural Language Processing
Chatbots/Digital Assistants
Convolutional neural networks (CNN)
(Recurrent) Neural Networks (RNN)
Image/Video Recognition
Learning and Data Analytics. AI will help to monitor these activities all the time which sometime becomes very tedious task for humans to perform. Many universities have started evaluating Poultry farming control system to monitor and control the environment inside poultry farm. Technologies like Zigbee and Raspberry Pi integrated with wireless sensors and GPRS are currently in evaluation phase and will soon enter on a larger scale in poultry industry.
For Example- Robots can be programmed to collect information like Temperature, Humidity, Ammonia levels inside the farm, this information can be further processed and results can be produced. These results will now allow the machines to take decision related to ventilation by itself. This process which is repetitive yet very important for the efficiency and profitability of the farm can be managed efficiently by Machine
Other activities like Feeding, Watering, Sanitization etc. can be done via Artificial Intelligence. Data Analytics will also help in future projection of outcome by collecting and Analyzing the present data. One can easily be able to project the weight of birds after 30 days by monitoring and analyzing current data. AI will bring efficiency and accuracy into the system and will help to take better and faster decisions.
2)
Disease Management
Disease Management is most essential part of farming practices. Each and every activity which we perform in farm is linked to disease management by one way or another. Managing Disease through machines can be a very complex process knowing the variation in symptoms and possibility of N number of diseases. AI however can simplify the process in near future by assisting in diagnosis. Here also we will talk about machine learning and Big data which can play a decisive role in disease management. Some of the problems like huddling and
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in form of excel or software's. With the help of Big Data, a large amount of information can be stored in cloud spaces which can be utilized by Machine or robotics to control parameters like Humidity, temperature, light etc. Machine Learning is one such tool which will have a major role to shape the future of farm management practices. Via Machine Learning Robotics can be used to monitor large number of parameters which are essential for Farm Management. Artificial Intelligence can not only collect this Parameters but can also process the data and process the result with the help of Data analytics using prestored data in cloud. After processing the result AI can be used for instant decision making thus improving efficiency of the Farm.
09
ARTICLE
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
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cannibalizing can be very easily identified with the help of Camera installed in farms and can be send to the caretaker of farm so that faster decision can be made and loss can be reduced. Birds produce different kind of voices and show unusual behavior during diseases. Data regarding the unusual voice and behavioral changes can be fed to the machine system and machines can be programmed in such a way to alarm the veterinarian regarding any such behavior within seconds of its occurrence. Similarly, for a pathologist or consultants, in order to do confirmatory diagnosis mobile application can be designed in such a way that with the help of mobile camera and application they will be able to make diagnosis in a better way. Large amount of Data will be required to come up with such application. Similar data can be utilized by the infarm machine system to diagnose any kind of disease and alarm the care taker of the farm.
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identifying breed characteristics and ease off the decision making in selecting right breed characteristics while studying genetics. These processes can reduce the trial cost significantly and provide with accurate trial results. Research and development is one of the costliest affair in any industry and Artificial intelligence can help to manage that cost efficiently and also allow company to do multiple studies in single trial that would otherwise take multiple efforts when performed by humans. 4)
Post Farm Activities
This is one area where AI is already been used in many developed countries and have created huge impact in efficiency of poultry processing industry. Technology like Artificial Vision/Machine vision are evaluated by meat processing companies for sorting of Broiler parts, for identifying diseased carcass. Machines can easily differentiate between density of bones and muscle mass thus process like Deboning are perfect for Artificial intelligence to operate. Layer Farmers are using AI for grading of egg and to identify quality eggs at much higher speed. Machine vision when combined with smart automation has allowed processing industry to improve the quality of carcass and packaging of broiler meat. Many successful studies have been done by using spectral- line Imaging system for presorting application of Broiler chicken with high accuracy.
One such experiment was done in 2012 by scientists at oxford university known as “Chicken Time Warp�. They concluded that collective motion of flock can help identification of disease week before onset. This prediction can help to counter many disease related losses incurred by farmers and can be replicated for many deadly diseases in poultry.
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20460672).
(https://spectrum.ieee.org/biomedical/diagnostics/ machine-vision-sees-into-chickens-futures)
(https://www.foodmanufacturing.com/capitalinvestment/news/21115586/tyson-to-count-its-chickens-with-computervision)
Global Giant Tyson food has already installed computer vision system – consisting of cameras, Machine-Learning Algorithm and edge computing at three of its plants with aim to track the quantity of chicken moving through their production lines. They have already decided to move to smart automation and artificial intelligence to improve the efficiency of overall value chain. They have further announced that it will install these technologies in all its plant across the country in coming time.
3) Trials and Evaluation of Nutrition As global Protein demand is increasing at much higher and Medicinal Products/ Genetics pace both in India and other parts of the world. these Studies: technologies will surely create big impact in providing AI can be very efficient in collecting good quality protein through chicken and egg at low cost. data and processing it while conducting Poultry industry is suffering from many challenges like trials or comparative studies of various high raw material prices and diseases like Avian influenza. products. Through Machines and AI can positively impact whole industry to improve sensors large number of data points efficiency of process and make chicken and egg affordable can be monitored at single point of for large proportion of population. time which will take a lot of time for 5) Miscellaneous uses humans to evaluate. AI will not only help to collect data but also to evaluate results through analytics and provide with comparative results with statistical analysis. Similarly impact of different kind of feed formulations can be evaluated at a pace which is impossible for humans to perform. Programming and robotics can also help in improving genetics of the breed. It can help in
AI is a vast technology and have multiple use which can directly or indirectly impact poultry industry. Technologies like smart automation and machine vision can be used by Nutrition companies, Feed manufacturers, Vaccine and medicine manufacturer to improve accuracy, efficiency and further enhance the quality control in their manufacturing facilities. It can help overcome challenges of data collection and analytics faced by large integrators due to scattered
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
Conclusions There is hardly any doubt on application of Artificial Technology in Poultry industry. In coming future AI will reshape Poultry industry and will have a positive role to play in bringing efficiency and accuracy at every level of Poultry Industry. In last few years many companies have started evaluating use of AI at various levels of value chain and have adopted them. Artificial Intelligence has great potential in poultry industry as there are numerous challenges which Cannot be solved without the involvement of Machines and Robotics. Further use of new technologies will make Chicken and Egg affordable for all by improving the efficiency of whole Production system. References are available upon request
Left out of the government's Rs 20lakh-crore package, the poultry industry has sought immediate succour in terms of restructuring of loans and 100% interest subvention for two years so that the current credit of about Rs 20,000 crore by the sector does not turn NPAs. Sales of poultry meat have come down to just a tiny fraction of the normal in the wake of Covid-19. “Poultry is a low-margin commodity product. It will take about 10-12 production cycles to recover the losses. Extending an interest-free working capital for two years on all the borrowings is the need of the hour to save the industry as it is suffering massive losses,” said Vijay Sardana, advisor, Poultry Federation of India (PFI). After the lockdown was announced in March, most of the people have stopped eating non-vegetarian food and sales also plummeted following closure of retail outlets as well as hotels and restaurants. The continuous losses by the poultry sector will have multiplier effects on agriculture economy since a major chunk of soyabean and maize is used as feed. Various foodgrains produced by small farmers, which are not fit for human consumption, are consumed by the poultry sector as feed, Sardana said. “If poultry farmers will not buy oilmeal, no edible oil industry can run regularly because they will not be able to recover
their cost and will not be viable just by producing cooking oils.”
INDUSTRY NEWS
Poultry sector felt isolated from government support, seeks loan recast and interest relief The industry had earlier written to the government demanding one year moratorium on all term loans and complete interest waiver for one year. According to PFI president Ramesh Chander Khatri, the poultry farmers have cut production by 80% due to slump in demand and closure of supply chain. Unless they get some immediate relief, default is not ruled out and 60-70% of the outstanding may become non-performing asset (NPA), he said. Prices of rabi-grown maize in Bihar, the key producer, are currently hovering Rs 1,000-1,150/ quintal against Rs 1,500-1,700 a year ago, said Khatri. However, there has been little impact seen on prices of egg, mainly as its supply line was not affected. In Barwala, Haryana, main trading centre in north India, the egg prices hover in the range of Rs 290-312 per 100 pieces this month with an average of about Rs 294, against Rs 278 in April. The prices were also around same levels in the year-ago period. Retailers started reporting slide in chicken sales from last week of January as demand abruptly reduced after “rumour on spread of coronavirus” surfaced in social media. “Though consumption is safe in India, rumour on spread of coronavirus from chicken has reduced the demand sharply by over 50% in just one month and as a result ex-farm gate prices have also fallen by 70%,” Godrej Agrovet's managing director B S Yadav had said on February 27. Chicken sales had come down to 35 million birds a week in February from 75 million birds a week across the country in January, while farm gate prices have dipped to Rs 35/kg from Rs 100/kg during this period. Though the industry was expecting the consumption to rise after the rumour fizzles out, the rise in corona positive cases and subsequent lockdown from March 25 dashed any hope of revival.
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distribution of farms across geographies. AI will enable them to fetch analyzed data from multiple farms located at different location and also allow them to monitor them from distance. This will help them to better control the complete production system be it Breeder farms, Layer Farms or Broiler farms. AI will also help to propagate any new technology at a much faster pace as demonstration of technology will become much easier, and convincing new stake holders to adapt technology will take less time.
Source: Financial times
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ARTICLE
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OP Singh
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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
Rebuilding the foundation: no more a luxury, but a necessity! OP Singh, Huvepharma Sea Pvt. Ltd. I am writing this at a time just when the
put back in order, and I better get a move on it.
COVID-19 news cycle is making way
I am not sure what percentage of Indian companies had
for African swine fever (ASF) which has
an existing framework or a policy to 'work from home'
been reported in India for the first time
before the lockdown precipitated by COVID-19. Since our
and the political manoeuvre declaring
industry is so people centric and real time, and of course,
'we are ready' to companies looking to
because 'who does sales from home?', we didn't have one!
exit China and making their way into
When the lockdown was announced, I think the feeling
India! Do I lament or do I cheer? I've
was like when in school, an unexpected 'off day' would be
time for neither, because I've a house to announced and you would go home, only difference
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
ensured that the team remained anchored. The second challenge was how to protect the business itself that was rendered handicapped. One team was constantly working on finding ways to deliver products to its customers to make sure we had a business to get back to on the other side of COVID-19. The third challenge was how to continue paying salaries to our workforce. I have been an employee myself at a point in life and I understand how every penny coming in is already spoken for, before it even hits your account. The anxiety in the employees' minds was palpable. It was a character defining moment for the organisation and we managed to work our way through, making an accommodating decision for all. I won't be alone when I say that these past 6 weeks have altered a lot of things for us. It made us think of things we otherwise never would have had to. It was a realisation of what was important in life and what was not. For the first time, we were left to our own devices at a time which was clearly 'make or break'. The team was looking at each other for hand holding and support. We relied on each other to bring experience and wisdom to the table, to create our own model which helped to evaluate our current situation, and also ensure that in the time to come, we not only survive but thrive. So far, it was like every player in the industry was working on its own. But if you ask me, going forward, it is my firm belief that the industry will have to act and work collectively, because the revival of the industry is beyond the scope of mere corrections. Our action areas will need to be defined, because the future of this industry depends on how we understand the actual position of the market instead of how we want it to be. I expect the following tenets to shape the industry: How do I say this?
consumption of animal protein. How consumers look at
Since no one knew what was
the industry right now will also change. Its likely to
happening, the first potential challenge
manifest itself through:
we expected was flagging employee
-
Consumer behaviour
-
Demand for food safety
together a daily interface consisting of
-
Demand for hygiene in supply chain & delivery
technical training, marketing sessions,
In India, social media and rumour mongering fanned anti-
motivation and engagement. The management team rallied and put
business reviews, updating data etc.
chicken sentiments, resulting in a loss of approximately 15
Wellness of our team - physical and
billion in the past 5-6 weeks. During the lockdown,
mental was a priority for us, for one, the demand has been low. Those still consuming have shown business climate has been cloudy for a a clear preference to packaged, branded poultry products time now and for another, COVID
that vouch for high hygiene standards. It will not be an
brought a fear of the unknown and
exaggeration, if in time to come, consumers demand bar
uncertainty. The regular engagement
coding of such products, scanning of which will give them
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being, in this case you weren't returning Post Covid-19, most certainly there will be a change in the next day, far from it.
13
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ARTICLE
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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
access to the different stages of the
market size to establish a figure of eggs and chicken that
supply chain of the product. Millennials
can be sold. We might have to look at price & product
and Generation Z are the demographic
customization to keep poultry and products attractive for
driving meat consumption in our
all consumers for inclusive growth.
country. They are more aware who
On another front, institutional buyers like hotels constitute
understand and demand 'food safety'
40% of poultry and products sale. This demand has been
and are sophisticated in their choices.
close to non-existent since mid-March. There have yet no
I don't see consumers lining up outside
clear indications when this will change. This is a big hit to
chicken shops for their Sunday special
the industry and we have no idea where to make up for
lunches at least in near future. And
this gap. Even when this section is back on its feet, for
here, the spotlight shifts to poultry
patrons to flock to their favourite eateries could take 6-8
processing. Currently about 5% of
months. And this is provided they are satisfied about
poultry meat is sold in processed form,
hygiene and safety standards followed at these
of which only about 1% undergoes into
establishments. 'Biosecurity' hitherto not applied in this
value-added products (ready-to-
context, will become the new normal for institutional
eat/ready-to-cook). The poultry
business. It will be expected and it will have to be
processing industry in India was
delivered.
expected to expand at a CAGR of ~12%
Chicken growers and egg producing farmers will have
between 2018 and 2023. However,
additional responsibilities, to include that they adhere to
taking into consideration consumers
and comply with food safety, biosecurity and hygiene
preference for packaged meat, this
standards in operations. And it cannot only be claimed.
could go as high as 20%. Poultry is a
The claim will have to be legitimised in order for the
major source of meat in our country, its
product to be acceptable. They will be expected to be able
share in total meat consumption is
to prove the quality of the protein, with full traceability.
about 28%. And since we cannot allow
This will undoubtedly add to production cost and
this to change, we will need to look at
consequently transferred to the cost of protein
the processing requirement, recalibrate
delivered/kg body weight. A lot of small players might
our existing capabilities and capacities
succumb to the pressures of the current situation and
to prepare to match the demand.
either perish or aggregate. If a company is in the poultry
Job losses and pay cuts are bound to
industry today and continues to see itself as part of it 10
lower the disposable income in the
years from now, this has to be considered as an
hands of urban and rural consumers
investment.
alike. Over 70% of the Indian
The industry will have to step up to this challenge.
population is non-vegetarian. Eggs are
Communication will be key. What worked against us, must
the cheapest source of protein and
be made to work for us. Distribution channels have to be
chicken is the most loved meat! Will
sensitised to the need for higher degree of sanitisation.
this change post COVID-19? While
Production has to be calibrated to demand, to be
there are no statistics to support at this
managed very effectively and efficiently not just in the
time, in this scenario chicken might
short term, but also in the long term. There can neither be
become a luxury or once in a while
surplus nor shortage. Availability in the right number will
eaten commodity. It will be natural
be key. Any mismanagement will only further perpetuate
behaviour for consumers to keep the
pricing issues and losses to each and every stakeholder in focus on filling their bellies. Imagine the the integrated operation, which we can hardly afford. daily wage workers, those who are the It's time to come out of our silos and put on a united front customers for entrails, there are not and take on these challenges head on. Not all of us will be earning any daily wages anymore! The of one mind, but this is an existential threat, which strata of society which can still afford it requires us to rise above any differences. Our industry has is not likely to fill the consumption gap. been put to and passed through several trying times. But In this likely scenario, the industry will we came out on the other side stronger and smarter. This need to 'restructure' itself in ways more
time should be no different, and I only hope we can add
than one. Future production will have
united to the words that are used to describe us.
to be rationalised by reassessing the
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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
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ARTICLE Image Source: Poultry Punch
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
Understanding Colibacillosis for Better Prevention and Control in Poultry
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Pooja Rawal, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar
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Introduction:
Etiology:
Colibacillosis has put a major impact on poultry industry today in the country. It is characterized by air sacculitis, omphalitis, salpingoperitonitis (egg peritonitis), fibrinous pericarditis and Escherichia coli (E.coli) Peritonitis Syndrome (septicemia), also known as EPS. Coliform Salpingoperitonitis (SPS) is a chronic condition and results in normal mortality and its economic impact is limited. In contrast to SPS, EPS is a per acute disease characterized by mortality soaring up to 10-15%. Thus, distresses the economies of poultry production to a great extent. In order to prevent the losses caused by this disease, an overview of the disease and its prevention and control practices has been discussed in the article.
Escherichia coli is a normal inhabitant of bird's lower gastrointestinal tract. It is also commonly present in the pharynx and trachea. Most of E.coli strains are safe, although some strains are virulent and able to induce diseases in birds. Those ones were named APEC, for Avian Pathogenic E.coli, with the intestine constituting their reservoir. Pathogenesis: As the pathogen is the normal inhabitant of the gut micro flora, but due to many predisposing factors the pathogen flourishes and leads to disease condition in poultry. Moreover, there are many routes of the agent to enter the host and flourish it. Epidemiology: The organism is a natural inhabitant of the gastrointestinal tract of animals and birds in a concentration of 105/g. Route of infection could be? Faulty Farm managemental practices- improper
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E.coli. ? Through Feed - Using mashed feed without acidifiers,
improper feed hygiene and feed without probiotics would allow E.coli to flourish and gut health related issues. Avian colibacillosis was found to be widely prevalent in all chicken age groups (9.52 to 36.73%) with an especially high prevalence rate in adult layer birds (>50 weeks ) (Yuvraj Panth -2019) Clinical signs and lesions: In general, broilers >4 weeks of age are affected. Birds of any age can be affected if resistance is reduced by predisposing factors. Birds with colisepticemia can become lethargic and stop eating and drinking. Further the disease gets aggravated due to dehydration. Chronically affected birds show signs of stunted growth and unthriftiness. E.coli infections in poultry occur in two forms: systemic and localized. Localized forms of colibacillosis: Omphalitis / yolk sac infection- Contamination of hatchery and eggshell leads to omphalitis in young chicks and concurrent infection further moves to yolk sac causing yolk sacculitis (main cause of chick mortality. 路Affected birds show depression, swollen abdomen and
tendency huddling, dehydration, stunted growth, vent pasting and an enlarged gall bladder 路Unabsorbed yolk sac
ventilation, feed and water contamination, improper disinfection of farm equipment and premises as the dust in the poultry house can contain up to 105-106/g
路The tissue around the navel is often moist and red
(inflamed); so, the disease is often called "mushy" chick or poults disease 路Peritonitis and hemorrhage on the surface of the
intestine
APEC
By cloacal and respiratory route
Reproductive tract
Omphalitis
salpingitis peritonitis salpingoperitonit is
By fecal contamination of eggs
Egg yolk infection
Colisepticemia
Penetrate into submucosa of respiratory epithelium
Mortality and Morbidity
Huge economical losses
By deteriorated environmental condition, high level of dust and ammonia mycoplasma, IBD and NDV infection
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Systemic infection (avian colibacillosis)
Localized infection
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ARTICLE
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·Common form is Air sacculitis- signs are rales, cough, ·Fibrinous pericarditis- leads to Myocarditis ·Perihepatitis, pericarditis and septicemia are also
observed ·PM Examination- Air sac thickens, become opaque and
may contain caseous exudate. ·Chicks gets affected within 21-48 hours after hatching. ·Nervous signs are evident in chicks when bacteria
Swollen head syndrome- There is accumulation of exudate in head due to which head appears swollen. Coliform Cellulitis- (Inflammatory Process) Caseous exudates plaques in subcutaneous tissues are commonly located on the abdomen or between the thigh and midline. Salpingitis/ peritonitis/egg peritonitis- Oviduct inflammation (salpingitis) due to E.coli infection results in reduced egg production with the increase mortality of laying hens and breeders. Infections can spread to the peritoneum causing peritonitis. Oviducts are presented with a firm mass or masses of caseous exudate. Cloaca, infected air sacs, vent pecking and prolapse are responsible for infection. When E.coli spreads from the oviduct to the abdomen, salpingoperitonitis occurs. Egg peritonitis is the inflammation of the peritoneum caused by the presence of a broken egg in the abdominal cavity. Amorphous egg yolk in peritoneum is observed in the given figure. Systemic forms of colibacillosis: Colisepticemia-
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MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
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? Effiecient Biosecurity practices as
farm ? Feed hygiene using Propionic
acid/Formic acid/Lactic acid based product especially in mash feed ? Discard broken eggs, disinfect
eggs within 2 hours of laying ? Chlorination of drinking water ? Proper ventilation-to prevent
damage to respiratory mucosa by exposure to dust and ammonia
flourishes in nervous system, such as rowing &/or twisting neck, unilateral panophthalmitis Coligranuloma- (Hjarre's disease) is a sporadic form of colibacillosis. Multiple granulomas occur in the liver, proventriculus, ventricle, small intestine, cecum and mesentery. Diagnosis: The diagnosis is based on the isolation and identification of the E.coli organism of the typical colibacillosis lesions. ·Fibrinous pericarditis is highly suggestive of the disease. ·A presumptive diagnosis of E.coli infection can be made
if most of the colonies are characteristically dark with a metallic glow on eosin-methylene blue (EMB) agar, bright pink, with a precipitate around the colonies on MacConkey agar, or yellow in tergitol-7 agar. Prevention and Control: As pathogenesis of Colibacillosis is complex, therefore a more comprehensive approach is required to control the disease. Conclusions: Colibacillosis is a major cause of morbidity, mortality and economic loss for all types of poultry worldwide. Treatment of colibacillosis is problematic due to widespread antibiotic resistance among APEC. But proper preventive measures such as management and nutrition have a major share of this cake. So, it's better to shift the focus towards control and investing on prevention rather than worrying about the cure. References are available upon request.
ESSENTIAL NUTRIENT NUTRITION ? Vitamin A-for immunity ? Vitamin E-Broiler fed with DLa -
tocopherol acetate from 0-87 mg/kg led to increase in T helper cell population (Sunday A. et al 2019) ? Optimum trace mineral inclusion
like Cu, Mn, Zn ? Vitamin B and electrolytes
improves antibody production
FEED ADDITIVES ? Bacillus subtilis and acidifying
agents- competitive exclusion with probiotic & acidifying agent in feed would be effective ? Combination of Lactobacillus and
yeast is effective in reducing the impact ? Prebiotics like Fructo
oligosaccharides (FOS) ? Propolis/Bee pollen contain
flavonoids and phenolic acid that are antimicrobial, antiinflammatory and immunostimulant (lvana Prakatur, et al-2019)
ANTIBIOTIC TREATMENT ? Can be avoided if proper
preventive measures are adopted. Used only for treatment purposes ? Prior to prescribing any drug, an
antibiotic sensitivity test should be done due to wide spread antibiotic resistance
INDUSTRY NEWS
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
Agri industry seeks autonomous body to use INR 1 lakh crore Agri Infrastructure Fund
Ahmedabad-based Sundhanshu Jangir, who has worked in world's leading farmer co-operatives in Europe and is CEO of Indiagro Consortium, a federation of FPOs from Gujarat, Rajasthan and Haryana, also said FPOs needed cheaper funds.
RS Sodhi, managing director, Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation (Amul), the largest and most successful milk co-operative of India is optimistic.
"Even simple grading of horticulture crops at farm gate can increase the returns a farmer gets on his produce. However, presently, FPOs get funds at 13% to 14% rate of interest. The finance minister spoke about making funds available at 7%. This will give a big boost to FPOs," said Jangir.
"It is a very good decision to create such a big fund to develop infrastructure that will help farmers gain by value addition. However, we have to remember that Amul could became a success after dedicated efforts by NDDB through Operation Flood over many decades. Setting up a dedicated organisation like NDDB for the promotion of the FPOs can help in taking this movement forward," Sodhi said.
Yogesh Thorat, managing director, MahaFPC, the federation of FPOs from Maharashtra, said infrastructure was the biggest challenge. MahaFPC has been directly procuring pulses, grains and onions on behalf of the central government.
Vilas Shinde, chairman, Sahyadri Agro, India's largest FPO, agrees. "We need to create value chains for every commodity in which FPOs can play a
crucial role. They also help reduce the distance between growers in villages and the consumers in cities. Along with availability of capital with low interest rate, FPOs need technical, managerial and professional help to leapfrog."
"This year, we do not have enough storage space to carry out the procurement operations. This first dedicated fund for aggregator model in agriculture and the targeted funding was much needed," said Thorat. This year's budget proposals included creation of 10,000 FPOs. Sodhi said the approach of keeping co-operatives and FPOs central to the farm policies is the need of the hour not only in India but across the world. "We have seen that only farmers' cooperatives can help them get the share of the value addition to their produce," said Sodhi.
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Indian agriculture can improve dramatically and replicate the success of co-operative dairies, if the Rs 1 lakh crore fund for farmgate infrastructure is effectively used and a strong body similar to the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) is set up to support farmers, top officials and experts said.
Source: Economic times
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INDUSTRY NEWS Image Source: The Star
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
Kenya prepares to import maize in the midst of COVID-19 pandemic Kenya is set to import 4 million bags of maize as the country loses its grain reserves to aflatoxin, a toxin caused by mold.
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Agriculture Cabinet Secretary Peter Munya told the Senate Committee for Agriculture that maize in the country's Strategic Grain Reserves is unfit for human consumption as it has been contaminated by aflatoxin, which is known to cause cancer and other health problems.
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The loss comes when the country is still struggling with a locust invasion and the effects of the novel coronavirus pandemic, both of which have adversely affected the country's food chain as markets are closed and movement remains restricted in some counties. “The government is trying to ensure the basic commodities are available for everyone, and hence the need to import maize, which is a staple food in the country,” Munya said. “The maize in the government stores will not be sufficient for a longer period should the
pandemic push further.” In response, Kenya plans to import 2 million bags of white maize for human consumption and an additional 2 million bags of yellow maize for animal feed between end of June and mid-July. The pending maize shortage is just one issue that Kenya is contending with as it strives to maintain food security in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Small-scale farmers, pastoralists, fishers and other vulnerable groups have been hindered from working their land, caring for their livestock and fishing. They also face the challenges of accessing markets to sell their products or buy essential inputs, while struggling with higher food prices and limited purchasing power. As the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has noted, informal laborers have been especially hard hit by job and income losses in harvesting and processing and millions of children are already missing out on the school meals they have come to rely upon. Munya told the committee that the government needs to import maize because the country's farmers have insufficient grain to feed the nation. The government also has stopped buying farm produce for storage and redistribution as it's being hit with inflated prices due to mark ups by middlemen. Instead, it will give the farmers evouchers to buy subsidized farm inputs.
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ensure that the food basket has not been greatly affected. However, the pandemic and locusts still pose a serious threat to food security in the country, with more than 1.8 million Kenyans facing starvation, according to a report by Famine Early Warning System Network. It predicted that at least 17 counties would be food stressed between the months of February and May this year. Several leaders have condemned the idea of importing maize, stating that it is sad to see maize rotting in stores due to poor preservation while Kenyans are hungry and looking to the government for food aid. Last year, the government destroyed 124,486 50-kilo bags of maize, blaming the losses on aflatoxin contamination, and this year a similar scenario is bound to happen. Munya said the affected maize will be sold to cement manufacturers to be used as biofuel. Jeremiah Munguti, a member of the Machakos County Assembly, has urged the government to buy grains from farmers in the Lower Eastern part of the country, which previously registered great losses of grains to aflatoxin.
“This will see small scale farmers grow their income if we give them such incentives instead of buying produce from them at a very low rate,” Munya explained.
“It will be useless to ask farmers to go to the farms, yet the produce from the previous [harvest] is rotting in the granaries,” he explained. “We do not have large storage facilities so if the government will not buy from these farmers, everything will go to waste.” Source: cornell.edu
Munya said the government has implemented measures to help mitigate the effects of the locusts, with nine planes conducting frequent surveys and spraying the affected areas and 500 National Youth Service officers doing ground spraying to control resurgence. FAO records indicate that over 58,000 acres of land already have been affected by locusts in Kenya and the agency raised concerns about a second wave of attack. Munya said an assessment will be done in the next three-to-four weeks to determine how much damage has been done and how much money will be required to mitigate the effects of the invasion and
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Food prices have been affected greatly by COVID-19 and the government is not in a position to fix them, due to high production costs associated with the desert locust invasion, which wreaked havoc in many grainproducing areas of the country.
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Image Source: United Nations University
INDUSTRY NEWS
GM crops may bring food security in Africa
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Though only a few African countries are now growing genetically modified (GM) crops commercially, governments across the continent are increasingly recognizing the crucial role that biotechnology can play in improving food security.
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In response, African governments are moving to establish an enabling policy framework to support adoption of biotechnology, including GM crops and derived products, according to a paper published in Frontiers in Plant Science by John Komen and five other scientists working in Africa. “While modern biotechnology and, specifically, genetic modification are subject of debate in many parts of the world, an increasing number of countries in sub-Saharan Africa are making important strides towards authorizing general releases of
genetically modified (GM) crop varieties for use by farmers and agribusinesses,” the paper noted. “Our review confirmed that an increasing number of African governments are making steady, in some cases rapid, progress in establishing science-based, functional biosafety systems,” Komen, an advisor to the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), told the Alliance for Science. Documented economic and environmental benefits from planting GM crops — based on a track record of over two decades — are a major driver in the decisionmaking process, the paper said. Currently, only farmers in South Africa, Swaziland and Sudan are growing GM crops commercially. Ethiopia, Malawi, Nigeria and Kenya have approved the release of GM crops, but just the latter two countries have begun the rollout to farmers. About a dozen other African countries have GM crop research projects under way, with some of the experiments ongoing for more than a decade now. Case studies from Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria and Uganda highlighted in the paper show broader
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to lift the country's population into middle-income through agriculture, accelerated the recent approval of Bt cotton. Uganda's “Plan for Modernization of Agriculture,” adopted some 20 years ago, also recognizes the potential of GM crops, the paper said. However, the nation's president has waffled in approving the biosafety bill adopted by Parliament. In addition to the supportive policy initiatives sketched above, these countries have invested in establishing functional regulatory frameworks for GM crops, allowing decision makers to weigh potential benefits against potential adverse effects on the environment and human or animal health, the paper noted. A science-based and practical regulatory framework has become an important enabling factor for countries researching and adopting GM crops, the authors said. “In countries that were selected as case studies for this article, there has been progress in recent years in establishing functional national biosafety frameworks and growing expertise in GMO decision-making,” the paper said. These examples confirm that, increasingly, governments in Africa can adjust their regulatory decision-making processes based on accrued scientific evidence. Political challenges
The Nigerian government's new agricultural roadmap — launched in 2016 as the “Green Alternative” — aims to build “an agribusiness economy capable of delivering sustained prosperity” and has encouraged the country's recent decisions to authorize the commercial release of two GM crops — insect-resistant Bt cotton and cowpea. Ghana's “One-District-One-Factory” industrialization policy and its “Planting for Food and Jobs” program, which is making improved seeds and other inputs available to farmers, have also provided clear guidance to technology developers who are testing and planning the release of GM crops in the country. Kenya's “Vision 2030,” an overarching development policy aimed at helping
“Many governments experience political opposition to GM crops and modern agriculture generally,” the paper observed. “Political opposition is in most cases fuelled by anti-GM activism, which has slowed down or halted the adoption of biosafety legislation.” There are many examples where, in the final stages of the decision-making process, political support for the introduction of GM crops often wavers, Komen said. “This is not only because different government agencies need to cooperate and coordinate around commercial release decisions… but also because pressure increases from activists and anti-development NGOs who stir up controversy on GMOs in local media, in politics, and even in courtrooms,” he explained. An uncertain regulatory environment discourages private and public sector investment into development of the pro-poor crops and traits that farmers need the most, the paper noted. Additionally, many of these countries lack capacity to design and implement biosafety regulations. This creates a significant barrier to testing and adopting new crop varieties, including those developed by genome editing and other plant breeding innovations, which would open new opportunities to grow more food, enhance incomes and reduce the environmental impact of agriculture. SOURCE: CORNELL.EDU
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agricultural policies in these countries are encouraging support for GM crops on the continent because the policies are science focused.
Despite the above potential, actual progress has so far been slow. Some African countries are having to deal with pressure from groups opposed to modern biotechnology, which are advocating against the introduction of GM crops.
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Image Source: Alltech
INDUSTRY NEWS
Technology driven companies supporting Aquaculture industry across the world Algorithm makers and data scientists rally solutions for farmers, even when they're not able to be near the farm As the coronavirus pandemic continues to disrupt, can technology and artificial intelligence (AI) help aquaculture find the way forward?
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Market disruption, reduced or suspended production and declining seafood demand are among the many impacts on aquaculture as COVID-19 carries on. Innovative companies, many of them still bearing the “startup” label, are offering support with a host of initiatives.
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In India, full-stack aquaculture technology startup Aquaconnect has launched a COVID-19 helpline for shrimp farmers. The company is providing remote support on farm management and helping farmers navigate supply, demand and logistics. It's also joining forces with processors and exporters to put farmers in touch with those who are still buying shrimp. “We're aiming to provide complete assistance and information to farmers during this pandemic. We believe that our collaborative effort with other
industry stakeholders will help them mitigate the challenges from the country-wide COVID-19 lockdown,” Aquaconnect CEO Rajamanohar Somasundaram told The Advocate. With many restaurants closed or with fewer customers practicing social distancing according to applicable health guidelines, sales in Japan are declining. Because seafood products are often more expensive, customers are cutting back discretionary spending or purchasing more nonperishable foods. In light of this, aquaculture technology provider Umitron is helping fish farmers in Japan adjust to new market conditions. A crowdfunding campaign with Akasaka Fisheries, a red sea bream farmer, is connecting consumers directly with farmers to raise awareness about sustainable farming methods. When Japan lifts its state of emergency, customers will be able to visit restaurants serving Akasaka Fisheries products, watch videos and obtain information on the fish they're eating. This will offer some relief to participating farmers and restaurants, said Andy Davison, product manager at Umitron. “We want to share farmers' stories and open customers' eyes to the hard work and dedication that goes into growing high-quality seafood. Making customers aware of farmers' struggles is the first step in generating more help,” he said. As more farmers stay at home to comply with social distancing regulations, Umitron's automated smart feeder CELL is proving advantageous. The device collects data to
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by slowing the growth of their animals (reducing the need to cull animals) until prices rebound. “Our models and algorithms are accurate for long periods of time with little input from farms,” said Evan Hall, cofounder of Wittaya Aqua. “As well as helping farms run as normal, we're looking to partner with other companies that deliver smart-farming solutions to bring farms a more holistic package.” Difficulties in selling have left farmers with no choice but to delay harvests, which means that they're sitting on stocks that cost money to keep with a lot of uncertainty about the future, said Flavio Corsin, Aquaculture Program Director at IDH, the Sustainable Trade Initiative. But technology and AI can also model production versus prices so that advice can be given on the most profitable strategies such as when to harvest or what would happen if a farmer waits. It can also provide information on how to reduce disease risks, data on market needs and prices, and information for financial institutions so that they can provide financing to farms.
“Aquaculture may become even more data-driven and adopt technology which will benefit farmers and consumers by ensuring traceability and creating transparency. “ “We're happy that CELL can give farmers added flexibility during this challenging time, even if some inperson work is still required during a prolonged period of disruption such as this,” said Davison. Canadian smart-farming company Wittaya Aqua is also helping to reduce the requirement for farmers to be on site as often. Its cloud-based Big Data platform – Wittaya AquaOp – works for multiple species by accurately forecasting growth trajectories and feed requirements. Farmers can make decisions early to slow down production until markets rebound, while feeding strategies help them reduce the amount they're feeding their animals (thus reducing costs spent on feed) and lengthen the growing period
Juliette Alemany is a data scientist and project manager at VerifiK8, a Bangkok-based consultancy that specializes in improving supply-chain sustainability through technology. Although farmers in Thailand are unable to sell as many products as before, those who have adapted to technology will have an advantage, she said. In addition to identifying new, international sales channels by helping stakeholders improve their supply chain sustainability, VerifiK8's web and mobile application supports traceability and audit readiness for certification. With a potential long-term effect on consumer behavior and more awareness of responsibly produced food, Alemany believes that certification will play an increasing role in aquaculture, and farms are likely to take swift action to achieve it, or a certain level of compliance, to mitigate potential risks. “With auditors unable to carry out on-site audits, now is the time to reflect on how technology can support compliance. It can greatly contribute to reshaping the certification landscape by providing solutions to remotely verify data and increasing the efficiency of the auditing process,” she said. The coronavirus pandemic may not stop anytime soon. But it could make aquaculture stakeholders reconsider a host of areas such as hard-to-predict risks and biosecurity. As new viruses commonly arise in aquaculture in the same way that COVID-19 arose in the human population, the pandemic should force farmers to come up with risk management and crisis plans.
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optimize feeding and is remotely managed through a cloud-based application on a mobile device. This allows farmers to feed and monitor their fish without being on their farm. Remote access to data, forecasting and integration with data logging hardware and automatic feeding systems are likely to go a long way to help reduce farm dependency on human labor.
“Some of the companies we work with provide services to farmers and value chain players and are well-connected in the aquaculture industry. They're now in a position to support farmers in finding markets in these challenging times, or to swiftly transfer information from the government to farmers. This may increase the resilience not only of the farmers but also of the aquaculture industry itself,” said Corsin.
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INDUSTRY NEWS
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Stakeholders may also realize the issues of disrupted supply chains, and the need to strengthen bonds between farms and processors, said Alemany.
processors and buyers is key. Hopefully the pandemic will improve the relationship balance among supply chain stakeholders and support better communication through technology.”
“In Vietnam, we are seeing farmers afraid of market fluctuation and reluctant to stock,” she said. “This will lead to a shortage of shrimp and fish for processing plants, but each stakeholder must connect to go through the bad (and good) times. Connection and trust among farmers,
“Aquaculture may become even more data-driven and adopt technology which will benefit farmers and consumers by ensuring traceability and creating transparency,” said Corsin. “A better understanding of the risk factors for disease and the need for biosecurity will help control disease, and we may see an increasing reliance of the local market on local production.” Source: Global Aquaculture Alliance
Soyabean acreage rising amid normal monsoon outlook, better prices Customs duty hike on edible oil imports mean the government can look for about ? 7,500 crore in may also perk up domestic prices additional revenues.” Encouraging returns last year and normal monsoon outlook for this kharif season has brightened the prospects for soyabean cultivation starting next month. While the trade has pinned hopes on the increased acreage this year for the oilseed, it is also counting on government assistance in terms of hiking customs duty on import of edible oils.
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Davish Jain, Chairman, Soybean Processors Association of India (SOPA), underlined the need to hike the customs duty on edible oils by 10 per cent so as to support domestic oil industry and encourage farmers to opt for oilseeds.
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“Next month we are starting plantation (of soyabean) and the monsoon is likely to be on time. Currently, prices are below the minimum support price (MSP). This is the time for the government to hike the customs duty on imports of edible oils, so it may lift domestic prices,” said Jain. Below-MSP prices
Meanwhile, the trade body has estimated exports for the year 2019-20 (October 2019 to September 2020) to fall by one lakh tonnes to 6 lakh tonnes. “The Covid-19 has had a serious impact on the poultry and soyabean processing industry and many of our past estimates have gone completely awry,” SOPA had said earlier. It also noted that the crushing activity for the oil year 2019-20 has fallen by 8.5 lakh tonnes to 69 lakh tonnes with domestic meal consumption reduced by 5 lakh tonnes to 45 lakh tonnes. The trade body estimates carryover stock to rise to 13.26 lakh tonnes at the end of September. The markets haven't opened in many regions. But as the trade expects markets to resume operations after the lifting of the lockdown, farmers are likely to flush the market with the stocks available with them. “As per our estimation, it is about 4 million tonnes as on May 1. This is considerable quantity for the next five months. And without exports we can't consume that quantum till the end of the season. So, in this case, we may be left with a good amount of carry forward stock for the next season,” Jain stated. In a research report on Tuesday, Kedia Advisory stated, “Soyabean yesterday settled up by 0.21 per cent at 3,812 tracking firmness in overseas prices as purchases by the world's top importer China underpinned the market and due to supply concerns in retail markets because of the lockdown.” Chinese imports
Soyabean prices were last quoted at around ? 3,600-3,900 per quintal in Bhopal markets, which is mostly below the MSP of ? 3,710. The prices dipped to ? 3,400 last year around the same time and later hit a high of ? 4,176 in January 2020. Last year, soyabean provided better returns than other commodities.
The analyst note stated Chinese buyers booked deals to purchase 378,000 tonnes of US soyabeans.
Jain said, “A hike in customs duty would
Source: Business Line
Analysts have underlined that China's April soyabean imports fell 12 per cent from a year earlier after bad weather delayed cargoes from top supplier Brazil. China, the world's top soyabean buyer, brought in 6.716 million tonnes of the oilseed in April, down from 7.64 million tonnes a year ago.
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
China emphases on increasing its grain and oilseed stocks amid supply chain concerns
Both state-run and private grain traders as well as food producers were urged to procure higher volumes of soybeans, soyoil and corn during calls with China's Ministry of Commerce in recent days, three trade sources told Reuters. rebounded, but authorities remain wary of fresh “There is a possibility of a breakdown in disruptions. supply pipelines due to the coronavirus China's state-owned agriculture conglomerate COFCO and infections. For example, a port of origin grain stockpiler Sinograin have been stepping up or destination might shut down,” said a purchases of U.S. soybeans and corn in recent weeks. senior trader at one of China's leading Chinese importers bought at least four cargoes, or about food processors, which was on a call 240,000 tonnes, of U.S. soybeans on Monday for shipment last week with authorities to discuss beginning in July, two traders familiar with the deals said. purchases. Beijing has also increased its allocations of crop import “They have advised us to increase quotas to major grain buyers, paving the way for further stocks, keep supplies higher than we potential purchases. usually have. Things are not looking China is under pressure to buy more U.S. farm products good in Brazil,” he added, referring to under a trade deal signed between Washington and China's main supplier of soybeans and Beijing in January, and trade sources expect more of a key meat exporter where the number China's crops to come from the United States once the of coronavirus cases has surpassed South American export season ends and the North those in Spain and Italy. American harvests approach in the autumn. A second source in China who was “The effort is to build supplies, not just from Brazil, but briefed by a person who attended one from all over,” said the senior trader at the food of the meetings said China's Ministry of processing company. “U.S. beans are looking attractive Commerce met with some state from September onwards,” he added. companies on Tuesday to discuss how U.S. crop export sales data show that Chinese buyers have to guarantee supplies during the accelerated soybean purchases of the upcoming crop, pandemic. with new crop bookings of 374,000 tonnes already “One of the main concerns is how the registered, compared with an average of 60,000 tonnes for epidemic in South America might this period since 2016. impact supplies (of beans) to China,” China is also a top meat importer and is facing a large the source said. domestic supply shortfall following an outbreak of African China's Ministry of Commerce did not swine fever which has decimated its pig herd, the world's respond to a fax seeking comments on largest. plans to increase food stocks. Imports from the United States - the top global pork SOY SHOCK exporter - had been expected to surge as a result, but Brazilian shipments of soybeans were widespread COVID-19 outbreaks at U.S. slaughterhouses delayed in March and April due to a and processing plants have cut national meat output. combination of heavy rains and China has booked a record volume of U.S. pork shipments reduced manpower as coronavirus already this year, raising concerns about fresh tensions containment measures took effect, between the countries if U.S. meat production problems leading to a plunge in Chinese soy curb domestic supplies at a time when shipments to China inventories to record lows. remain strong. Arrivals from Brazil have since Source: Reuters
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China has asked trading firms and food processors to boost inventories of grains and oilseeds as a possible second wave of coronavirus cases and worsening infection rates elsewhere raise concerns about global supply lines.
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INDUSTRY NEWS
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
USDA Projects Rise in World Oilseed Production, Expects Higher Consumption, Reduces Ending Stock Estimates
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expected to rise modestly on larger exporter supplies. Global ending stocks on the other hand are projected to register marginal decline, considering fall in soybean and peanut stocks. Sunflower seed ending stocks are forecast to recover from low level forecast for 2019/20. Global oilseed meal production is expected to grow in 2020/21, and driving force considered by the USDA will be soybean meal production. Due to robust demand from China, global protein meal consumption is also forecast to improve.
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The latest USDA (US Department of Agriculture) demand and supply report for has projected world oilseed production is forecast to grow 5 percent in 2020-21. This estimation has been done considering a jump in production of South America and the United States. Global oilseed production is projected to reach a record 605.9 million tons on record plantings. Similarly, world Soybean production is forecast to rise 26.6 million tons to a record 362.8 million tons, less than 3 million tons above the previous record set in 2018/19. The department now expects Global oilseed consumption to increase by 2 percent in 2020/21, which would be the highest growth rate since 2017/18. Scope for feed demand in China following 2 years of declining pork production due to African swine fever, is improving. Therefore, consumption is expected to improve.
Similarly, world food oil consumption is forecast to expand after a year of slower growth as the adverse impact of the corona virus pandemic continues. The Department has upgraded the forecast for Palm, olive, and soybean oils by 3 percent or more. Global industrial oil consumption is also forecast higher in line with an expected recovery in biodiesel production in major markets. Following a year of declining global palm oil trade, global vegetable oil trade is expected to recover. But global ending stocks are forecast to decline considering recovery in world's food oil demand. India's soybean crush is forecast to improve by 1.1 million to 9.4 million tons, since a larger crop is expected in 2020. Therefore, India's soybean meal exports are expected to gather pact and rebound by 4.2 Lakh tons to 1.9 million tons. Meanwhile Indian soybean oil imports are forecast to rise marginally to 3.2 million tons as higher domestic supplies and slow vegetable oil consumption growth will be negatively affecting import demand.
This year global soybean consumption is also expected to increase and China is projected to account for over half of global consumption growth in 2020/21 and roughly 85 percent of import growth. Argentina exports are projected to decline in the face of strong competition from the United States and Brazil and growing domestic crush. The USDA has projected Global soybean meal consumption growth to accelerate by 4 percent on growing China demand. China accounts for nearly one-third of global consumption and more than half of growth in consumption. Global meal exports are forecast to grow 1 percent in 2020/21, near historic trends. Argentina and India are projected to meet most of the growth in trade in 2020/21 as rising feed demand in the United States and Brazil will account for nearly all of the increase in their meal production. Similarly, World's Soybean oil consumption is projected to rise 4 percent, mainly on From trade perspective, the US expectation of strong Chinese demand where increased Agriculture Department has forecast supplies of domestically produced oil will substitute for world oilseed trade to increase mostly on higher soybean demand from China. other oils. Global Soy meal Exports are forecast to rise 2 percent in 2020/21 with total global volume projected to Trade in other oilseeds is expected to reach 11.8 million tons, which shall be a new record. be nearly same except for sunflower Source: Krishijagran seed and rapeseed where trade is
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2020
CALENDAR OF EVENTS
JUNE
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 6 | Issue 07 | May 2020
SEPTEMBER
Feed Industry Institute (FII 2020) Date: 8-11 June 2020 Venue: Hyatt Regency, Milwaukee, WI, United States Email: ltucker@afia.org Web: www.afia.org/events/fii-2020
Feeds & Nutrition Date: 15-19 June 2020 Venue: The Inntel Hotels Zaandam near Amsterdam, The Netherlands Email: info@schothorst.nl Web: www.schothorst.nl
Animal Nutrition Conference of Canada Date: 26 May-11 June 2020 Venue: Webcast Series Email: info@anacan.org Web: www.animalnutritionconference.ca
Feed Tech Expo Date: 4-6 September 2020 Venue: Kingston Event Center, Kurukshetra, HR., India Email: info@feedtechexpo.com Web: www.feedtechexpo.com
OCTOBER Dairy Industry Expo Date: 16-18 October 2020 Venue: Auto Cluster Exhibition Center, Pune, India Email: dairyindustryexpo@gmail.com Web: www.dairyindustryexpo.com
VIV Meat & Poultry Russia Date: 1-31 October 2020 Venue: Crocus Expo International Exhibition Center, Moscow, Russia Email: info@meatindustry.ru Web: www.meatindustry.ru
AUGUST VIV MEA 2020 Date: 31 Aug - 2 Sep Venue: Abu-Dhabi National Exhibition Center Adnec Email: viv.mea@vnuexhibitions.com Web: www.vivmea.nl
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