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EDITORIAL Monthly Magazine for Feed Technology Published by BENISON Media SCO 17, 2nd Floor, Mugal Canal Market Karnal - 132001 (Haryana) Tel: +91 184 4047817 info@thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
Publisher & Editor Prachi Arora prachi.a@thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 4 | Issue 1 | Nov 2017
Strategic Nutrient Supplementation for Better Productive/ Reproductive Efficiency
F
eed constitutes 60-70 % of the total cost of dairy production. Our country is reeling under feed and fodder shortage. The deficiency is to a tune of 10,
37 and 35 % for dry fodder, concentrate and green fodder respectively. Since the feed resources are limited and demand is much more, this situation is pushing up the feed cost and the overall expenditure for dairy production. Nutrition has a distinct effect on productive performance,
Managing Editor
reproductive health and the general health of the animal. Dairy owners
Dr. T.K. Walli Former Head, Dairy Cattle Nutrition, NDRI
suffer significant losses due to reproductive and metabolic problems faced by their animals. There may be several reasons for pre and post parturient disorders and low milk production in dairy animals. Of these inadequate nutrition is the biggest factor responsible for low milk yield and various reproductive problems. Less attention has been paid to the
Marketing & Designing Ashwani Verma info@thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
interaction between nutrition and the reproduction in dairy animals. Nutritional imbalances are caused by inadequacy in feed intake and especially intake of specific nutrients mineral/ trace mineral/ vitamins as per animal's body requirements.
Circulation & Subscription Head Rahul Bhardwaj info@thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
Metabolic disorders and reduced
fertility may be caused by the multiple nutrient deficiencies during transition, as the cow has to prepare itself for parturition and lacto genesis. Nutritional demands increase greatly in late gestation and even more in early lactation. The energy requirement for maintenance and pregnancy
EDITORIAL COMMITTEE
for cows may increase by 23%, during the last month of pregnancy. Cows
Dr. Dinesh T. Bhosale Former Chairman, CLFMA of India
problems like prolapsed of uterus, retention of placenta, pre and post
under field conditions are more likely to suffer from reproductive partum haemoglobinuria, where the ration is not balanced, especially
Mr. Amit Sachdev Indian Representative, US Grain Council
with respect to micronutrients viz. minerals, trace minerals and vitamins. A study conducted under field conditions in Malwa and Indore districts of
Dr. P.E. Vijay Anand US Soybean Export Council Dr. Suhas Amrutkar Subject Matter Specialist, Animal Nutrition, MAFSU, Parbhani Dr. SN Mohanty Former Principal Scientist, CIFA Dr. Meeta Punjabi Mehta Agricultural Economist Dr. Swamy Haladi Feed Additive Expert
Madhya Pradesh recently (Tiwari et al, 2014 and Sharma et al, 2017) have demonstrated that strategic supplementation with minerals, trace minerals and vitamins not only improved the reproductive performance of the anoestrous crossbred cows, heifers and adult lactating crossbred cows, but also improved the growth performance of heifers. Results further revealed that there was a significant improvement in body condition score of crossbred cows during prepartum phase, with improvement in milk yield in the post partum phase. Extension specialists working in the area of animal production must educate dairy animal keepers about the strategic nutrient supplementation to their animals as mineral/ trace mineral mixture and Vitamin A and D, to improve the reproductive performance of their
Dr. R Gnana Sekar Lead Consultant, GS Dairy Farm Consulting
animals. They should preferably go for area specific mineral mixtures, prepared at various Animal Science Universities or Animal Research
Dr. Suraj Amrutkar Assistant Professor, Dept. of ILFC, SKUAST-J, Jammu
Institutes in the country.
TK Walli www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in www.benisonmedia.com
Monthly Magazine for Feed & Feed Technology
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 4 | Issue 1 | Nov 2017
Vollume 1 | Issue 10 | August 2015
Contents RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
INTERVIEW
06 Innovative technology to produce enzyme for animal feed PELLETING TIPS
08 The importance of pre-extrusion in feed Industry INDUSTRY THOUGHT 14 Art of branding in Poultry industry
12
EVENT COVERAGE 26 Livestock and feed industry professionals explored Sustainable Farming at BIOMIN Asia Nutrition Forum EVENT CALENDAR - 30
ARTICLE
16 Replacing antibiotics in livestock production
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Printed by: Jaiswal Printing Press | Published by: Prachi Arora | On behalf of: BENISON Media | Printed at: Chaura Bazar, Karnal-132001, Haryana | Published at: SCO-17, 2nd Floor, Mugal Canal Market, Karnal-132001, Haryana | Editor: Prachi Arora Think Grain Think Feed is a monthly magazine published by BENISON Media at its office in Karnal. Editorial policy is independent. Views expressed by authors are not necessarily those held by the editors. The data/information provided in the magazine is sourced through various sources and the publisher considers its sources reliable and verifies as much data as possible. However, the publisher accepts no liability for the material herein and consequently readers using this information do so at their own risk. Although persons and companies mentioned herein are believed to be reputable, neither BENISON Media, nor any of its employees or contributors accept any responsibility whatsoever for such persons’ and companies’ activities. All legal matters are subjected to Karnal Jurisdiction. Disclaimer : The published material and images are sourced from various websites and newspapers, and used for information purpose only, if you have any issue, please inform us at info@thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in. BENISON Media or Think Grain Think Feed is not liable for any claim prior to written information.
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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 4 | Issue 1 | Nov 2017
Innovative technology to produce enzyme for animal feed
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An Indian research scholar, who developed technology to produce Phytase enzyme with a low cost, was awarded a Rs 50 lakh grant by the Centre. The enzyme named Phytase is imported from China at a high cost now and is used widely as an additive in poultry, cattle and fisheries feed to enhance the nutritional value.
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Sidharth Arora, a PhD research scholar of Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee was awareded a grant-in-aid of upto Rs 50 Lakh for a period of 18 months for his project on the production of a thermo-tolerant and acid stable Phytase in a novel solidstate fermentation (SSF) bioreactor. Foundation for Innovation and Technology Transfer (FITT) in IIT Delhi is collaborating with him for providing mentoring support and project monitoring. Speaking about his grant, Sidharth Arora said a revenue model/ scale-up plan for the next five years has also been prepared. “We hope to bring in a new cost-effective method of producing Phytase, which is a need for the animal feed industry today.”
Currently, thermostable Phytase is imported mostly from China and is expensive when it reaches the Indian market. Sidharth Arora, worked on a novel bioreactor technology for Phytase production in a cost-effective manner. He used a method called solid-state fermentation which included agro-waste as a substrate for the fermentation. Through this process, the Phytase produced was acidstable and thermo-tolerant. The bioreactor technology also has immense scope for solid waste management and pollution control. A patent has also been filed for the design and mode of operation of the SSF bioreactor. Inspired by his research output and funding support, Arora has formed a company called 'Fermentech Labs', which is presently being incubated at TIDES Business Incubator, IIT Roorkee. “Another advantage of this technology (SSF) is that it will help in mitigating air and soil pollution due to burning of agro-waste, especially in regions like Punjab and Haryana. We will collect the agro-waste and use it as a substrate for the production of industrial enzymes like Phytase. This will provide a mode of disposal of agro-waste and a source of revenue to farmers and they will not burn down the crop stubs, which otherwise degrades air quality and soil fertility” Arora said Source: birac
PELLETING TIPS
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 4 | Issue 1 | Nov 2017
The importance of pre-extrusion in feed Industry
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Paul Eijmberts, Ottevanger
08
Extrusion is the heart-beat of an aquatic feed processing plant. Still it largely depends on a well designed preextrusion and post-extrusion process to ensure the desired nutritional and physical outcome of the extruded final product. Knowledge and understanding of the raw materials, both dry and wet (or fresh) to be used in formulations, are of utmost importance in designing and specifying a process that will optimize extrusion performance. Pre-extrusion process design plays a key role in producing extruded aquatic feeds, which are safe and environmentally friendly.
complete pre-extrusion process. Following are some preextrusion processes which are critical for getting the desired results: Dry ingredient intake, cleaning and storage: The range of ingredients which are generally used for the manufacture modern-day aquatic feeds, are becoming increasingly more expensive. One should therefore take care as to how to acquire, accept, handle and store these ingredients on site. The following design criteria should be taken into consideration: 1.
Intake sampling and quality control
2.
Flexibility in intake & storage design allows for utilizing a wide range of raw ingredients
3.
Good aspiration and dust removal from the intake pits
Some critical pre-extrusion processing steps 4. It is difficult to accentuate only a few of the processing steps that make up a
Cleaning of the raw ingredients and removing foreign plants and other materials including metals, sand and stones
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in order to achieve species health, species performance and production costs. All ingredients whether dry, liquid or fresh go through an accurate batching process ensuring that the final extruded product meets the species nutritional and lifecycle requirements. Process control and communicating formulation details between least cost formulation software and the field devices controlling the process play a key role in a successful feed mill design. Size reduction Size reduction is the first processing step where the physical and potentially nutritional characteristics of ingredients are changed. Physical ingredient size is reduced to an average particle size. Heat damage to the nutritional value of amino acids and some micro ingredients may take place when the size reduction system is not well designed or specified. The traditional size reduction rule during extrusion is to have no particle larger than one third of the die openings in the extruder die plate. This is easily achievable using a single grinding step when producing larger extruded pellet sizes. It becomes a challenge when producing smaller pellets for shrimp and micro feed for hatcheries and ornamental fish.
Safe storage of raw ingredients in bulk storage silos, flat storage and dosing silos
Dry ingredient batching Accurately combining ingredients together to create a proper formulation
A range of high efficiency hammer mills are now available in the market, capable of producing narrow particle size distribution curves with average particle size down to the
Cleaning section
Grinding section
Micro dosing section
Dosing & batching section
Extrusion section
Intake section
Mixing section
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5.
Traditional hammer mill designs were in most cases inadequate for fine grinding in a single step. It was and still is common to use a course grinding hammer mill followed by a fine grinding hammer mill to achieve the required fine grinding specifications. For ultra-fine grinding, to achieve an average particle size below 300 micron, a course grinding hammer mill is used in conjunction with a pulverizer. This is a common setup for producing shrimp feed and micro feed for hatcheries or ornamental fish.
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PELLETING TIPS
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 4 | Issue 1 | Nov 2017
300-350 micron mark. The design of these hammer mills allow for shorter grinding chamber retention times and therefore lower grinding temperatures. Coupled with a variable frequency drive and special features in terms of breaker plate design and sieve types, these hammer mills can mill a large range of cereals and other aquatic feed ingredients at lower cost compared to traditional systems. Figure 2 shows typical application range for size reduction technology in relation to average ingredient size and feed type requirements. In addition an attempt in design should be made to mill only the ingredients in the formulation that requires size reduction. Funneling unnecessary ingredients through the size reduction system increases operational costs through wear and could also increase capital cost through a higher capacity requirement.
makes provision for additional liquids and dry ingredients as well. 2.
Vitamins & minerals addition: it is common for large feed mills to have dedicated micro ingredient dosing sections. Such capability provides more control and could limit costs when compared to pre-packed vitamins and minerals.
3.
Fresh ingredient intake & preparation: the demand to include fresh meat, fish and other wet by-products into the formulations of aquatic species is increasing. Great care should be taken to ensure ingredient streams do not cause cross-contamination hazards. Keeping dry, fresh and final product separated. Fresh products could be pre-processed into slurries, hydrolysates, concentrates and other forms prior to inclusion into the feedstock stream.
Critical process design aspects A range of operations make up the pre-extrusion process. The discussion in this article covered some aspects of the more important operations. Ultimately the process has to be engineered into a three dimensional space that will meet operational requirements and other feed milling aspects that are frequently overlooked: 1.
Feed plant zoning in line with functional and feedsafety requirements Ultimately the pre-extrusion process should supply meal to the extruder that will allow the extrusion operation to be consistent, constant and easily controllable. This indeed, is a cost efficient and reliable way.
2.
Layout design and transitional equipment sections that will minimize cross contamination and segregation of mixed formulations
3.
A safe environment for workers
4.
Dust and odor control
5.
Sound insulation
More critical pre-extrusion processes Other pre-extrusion processing steps of critical importance are:
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1.
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Mixing: a range of single shaft ribbon mixers, single and twin shaft paddle mixers are on the market. The ultimate goal is to deliver a homogeneous mix to the extruder surge bin, representing the specific formulation to be extruded. A welldesigned mixing environment
INDUSTRY NEWS
Hatsun Agro invests Rs 60 cr to expand cattle feed production Dairy firm Hatsun Agro Production recently announced the expansion of its cattle feed production capacity of a unit located near Palani, Tamil Nadu with an investment of Rs 60 crore. The production capacity has been increased to 1,000 tonnes per day from 650 tonnes per day. The new production line has been made operationalised, the company said in a statement.
expansion was taken within a short span because of growing demand for its brand 'Santosa'. About Rs 60 crore was invested for the expansion project. The capacity enhancement will help to cater to the growing requirements of farmers across the states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka and Maharashtra. Source: Moneycontrol
"This expansion facilitates our intention for continuous and consistent support to our farmers who seek good quality feed for their cattle," Hatsun Agro Chairman and Managing Director R G Chandramogan said. The cattle feed has the best of ingredients and nutrients that improves the cattle's health and milk yield, he said.
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The company's cattle feed unit had come into operation last year but the
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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 4 | Issue 1 | Nov 2017
Prof. G Devegowda
Well, the Indian poultry industry is growing at a CAGR of @ 6 percent, while the oil meal production in India is either constant or declining. What have you to say about this?
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Yes, poultry has emerged as one of the fastest growing segments of the agriculture sector. Broiler production has shown a growth at a CAGR of @ 8 percent which is fastest in the world, where as the world average growth is 2%.
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Oil meal production in India is almost constant for during last decade. The demand for oil meals is increasing by about 8% for use in poultry as well as cattle feeds. India is currently self-sufficient in oil meal production with the exception of sunflower cake (imported about 5 lakh tons from Ukraine and Russia). Low oil seed production and increased demand for oil meal will result in net importer of protein meal. Added to this global oil meal production is on a rising trend and there is a declining price of oil meals which favours the import of oil meals. Still, this could be an area of concern for the Indian oil industry, farmers and crushers since it is exposed to global price challenges.
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 4 | Issue 1 | Nov 2017
challenge? The price fluctuation of raw materials has a major impact on the feed prices. Feed industry is heavily dependent on maize and soybean which are the two major ingredients for poultry feed. Fortunately, Soybean meal prices have declined by about 25% in last two years where as the maize price is almost constant, lately showing downward trend due to good monsoons and better harvest this year. With globalization and free trade, the prices of raw materials are set globally. Government should allow free import and export of soy meal and maize. Contract farming of maize and soy is another solution for raw material security and savings in brokerage.
As of now I can think of only silkworm pupa which is a good source of protein and fat. It is a rich source of amino acids and fatty acids. It is produced mainly in Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal. Handling, processing and drying is a major drawback in using it. Usage of Insect protein still has to be studied in terms of consistent performance, steady supply, acceptability etc. Technology has been playing a major role in the development of Poultry And lastly, please give your valued suggestions with industry elsewhere as well as in regard to taking Indian Poultry industry on the India. Could you please elaborate a Global map. little bit about emerging The poultry industry in India has transformed into technologies for Indian feed vibrant agribusiness with an annual turnover more than industry? Rs 1,00,000 crore. Today, India is the fourth largest The feed industry is critical for broiler producer in the world producing 4.0 million sustainable food security of our tonnes of broiler meat annually and third largest country. Keeping this in mind, the producer of eggs accounting for 81 billion eggs every Indian feed industry has adopted new year. The production performances of broilers as well as technologies such as: Pelleting of feed to global standard, pre-cleaning of layers are at par with international standards. grains before storing in silos, raw The area which requires more attention is Food material driers, auto batching system processing, infrastructure development and safety of etc. One key aspect which needs the products. India is still a wet market where improvement is focus on feed safety. consumers prefer live chicken than fresh, clean, chilled Consumers are becoming more and packed chicken. In most of the countries the market selective in purchasing meat, milk and is fully processed. There is lack of awareness among the eggs and they want to know exactly what medicines, supplements and raw consumers, with regard to hygiene and other aspects. materials go into the animals they And there is urgent need to create this awareness consume. Consumers see the feed mill among consumers. Apart from customer awareness, as an integral part in the food chain there is need for policy and regulatory measures to shift and influencing human diet. from wet market to process driven market. Monitoring The unpredictable price rise of feed of residues with regard to antibiotics, chemicals, raw material is of major concern for microbiological and traceability is important in poultry the growth of Indian Poultry/ feed products which are meant for both export and domestic industry. What could you suggest so consumption. that the industry should tackle this
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Since long Soybean is being used as sole protein source in the Poultry industry. Now, world poultry industry is looking for alternatives, like insect protein. What do you feel about its future in India or could there be any other alternative, which holds promise for future?
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INDUSTRY THOUGHT
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 4 | Issue 1 | Nov 2017
Art of branding in Poultry industry
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Vinayak Surve and Vrajesh Jha, Natural Remedies
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Poultry is one of the fastest growing segments of the agricultural sector in India today. Over the last few decades, Poultry Farming has transformed into Poultry Industry. Like any other business, this business produce also needs marketing efforts to take the products to the right buyer in a right manner which suits to the changing lifestyle. Branding is a tool for improving marketability of Poultry produce. Many commodities like wheat flour, edible oil and milk are now transformed into the brands. The milk is a classical example of commodity which came over the challenge of perishability, sourcing, storage, supply chain and has produced various brands of dairy products. The branding made the milk business profitable.
the opportunity for the poultry sector exists. Branding for Poultry industry Branding is a moving target and evolves with the behaviour of consumers. There is no immediate need of the mass market for packed or branded chicken or eggs. Branded shops will succeed, rather than branding the product. The branded shops can sell unpacked products which will be replaced gradually by customized products, then packaged and branded products. An arrival of branded shops was predicted in the year 2013 by Mr. B. Soundararajan, Suguna Holdings, though his interview published by The Hindu. Consumers in some cities are now witnessing few branded chicken shops and even the supermarkets have started to allocate a corner for the meat & fish.
This is the beginning of evolution which demands enrolment of loyal consumers to the chicken and eggs produced in the farms. Consumers are interested to listen the story behind the brand. They get connected if they like the culture of brand along with the quality of Chicken is now entering the refrigerator product. Many brands are going to enter in chicken and of consumers. Though the pace of entry egg consumer business. The one who connects well is slower. Consumers have some with the consumer, will evolve as a brand in future. perceptions about the brands when Expansion of the good brands becomes easier due to they think of consuming chicken or the interest of consumers and investors. eggs. But the options are very few Enrolling the chicken consumers to your fan club mostly limited by location. That's where
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 4 | Issue 1 | Nov 2017
The process of branding can start with small scale and grow to the global level. Many brands had humble beginning and grew big. Successful brand is the one for which the processor knows the art of telling and making the consumers to experience their story. Below are six effective behaviours to consider while making a brand story:
know when the right moments are to communicate. Find out those right moments of interaction. Appeal to emotions
The consumers buy the commodities on the price. But the brands are built upon emotions. Status, reassurance, convenience, pleasure, memories, pride and there are many other emotions which can be linked with the brands around us. Harvard Business Review (HBR) has published 300 emotional motivators to buy the Share the story about chicken products. It is very important to discover the emotion linked to your chicken brand . The emotional bond helps Tell your consumers the story about your chicken. Consumers are curious to the consumer to remember and revisit your brand. Top most emotion ranked by the HBR is 'Standing out from know where the chicken has grown up the crowd'. Yes, consumers buy the brands to 'stand out and how is it reaching to them. Give from the crowd', that means they are ready to pay more them interesting stories linked to your to keep this emotion alive. origin and values to spread around. The local media waits for the stories at no Distinctive touch in the brands own style cost. Find them and feed with the Digital world opens the great realm of possibilities to interesting story about your chicken. recognize your consumer as soon as he re-enters your Harvard Business Review states, 64% of shop. They love it when you already know their consumers refer to shared values as the preferences and call them by their name. They also like primary reason they have a relationship if you remind them for the purchase by knowing their with a brand. pattern of buying. Keep inviting them with personal Consumers want a reason to buy your brand
offers and communication. Define your own style of communication and get the approval of your consumer if required. 48% of consumers expect brands to know We see many brands around holding a them and help them discover new products or services special place in our mind. They become special by communicating their place of that fit their needs, says The Cube. origin, size, added value, taste, colours Be an active member of the community etc. Such brands have differentiated According to Pam Moore who is social media expert, on themselves and having a long-term an average, 5 to 7 brand impressions are necessary place in the consumers' mind. before someone will remember your brand. Please Consumers know the reason for respond to the customers invitations and be present existence of their favourite brand. Find there as a brand. Look for such opportunities and keep any unique ingredient in your chicken some options available to make your brands presence or services to make your brand dearest. to various occasions. Also, invite your consumers to The uniqueness of your brand would some occasions. Make your calendar and plan the bring more customers. activities with personal invitations to your consumers. The co-branding is clever way of expanding the community of loyal consumers. Suggest some good The consumer deserves an appreciation restaurants in the city who serve the delicious recipes for choosing you. Happy consumer made with your chicken. gives you a complement and unhappy consumer gives a reason to improve. The translation of complex poultry farming to simple Both will visit again because you have language can create many interesting stories for the appreciated them. Create a feedback consumers. Thanks to the big Indian forums like CLFMA mechanism and display some and Knowledge Day for showcasing the budding brands testimonies to encourage more buyers of chicken and fish. The story about the new brand of to give you a feedback. Always Chicken now available in Indian market is very inspiring remember, the consumers observe the for the poultry community. chopping board keenly than a The principles of branding are powerful and equally chopping boy at your chicken shop. The relevant to poultry industry as they are relevant to any Cube, world's most advanced and other consumers business. Following these principles future-proof delivery platform says, can make the consumer your brand advocate, a step 52% of consumers expect brands to ahead to brand loyalty.
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Appreciate your consumer
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Image Source: townnews
ARTICLE
Replacing antibiotics in livestock production
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Dr. Dinesh Bhosale, AB VISTA
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Animal Husbandry sector is one of the fastest growing agricultural sectors contributing about 40 percent of the global value of agricultural production. Livestock provides a major source of disposable income for disadvantaged and marginal populations in developing. Intensive production systems are playing an increasingly important role in the livestock sector worldwide, but this increases the need to ensure that animal welfare issues are appropriately considered. There are two major public health issues; first sub-therapeutic use of antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed, which has evoked widespread concern due to the potential to develop antibiotic resistance in pathogens and second, food borne zoonotic diseases like salmonellosis, campylobacteriosis etc.
To phase out the sub-therapeutic use of antibiotics, modern livestock production systems are looking for good alternatives to antibiotics. In systems where antimicrobial and anticoccidial agents are banned by law or excluded by preference from animal feeds, it is necessary to change the traditional way of formulating feeds with antimicrobial agents like antibiotics. Antibiotic- and anticoccidials-free nutrition programs must ensure minimal undigested material, especially protein. In short, antibiotic-free animal nutrition programs must use additives that control pathogens and specialty ingredients that minimize the chances of pathogen growth. Antimicrobial resistance Antibiotics are used for treating disease, preventing or controlling infection, or promoting animal productivity and growth. When used for growth promotion, antibiotics are administered to healthy animals to make them grow faster or utilize their feed more efficiently. However, rampant use of antibiotics at sub-therapeutic levels leads to antimicrobial resistance of potential pathogens which is a global threat. Antimicrobial resistance
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 4 | Issue 1 | Nov 2017
Adoptive measures for antibioticfree farming Basic husbandry practices are key to successful antibiotic-free poultry production system, some of the corrective measures for antibioticfree farming includes: Farm condition for receiving chicks: First and most important thing is litter quality; it should be treated with disinfectant, should be dry and less dusty. Litter quality plays an important role in coccidiosis control. Consider closing up the housing to induce heating and removal of poultry litter. Resting period of at least 15 days before the arrival of next lot is necessary. Healthy birds: Pay close attention to the birds in the flocks. Look, listen, smell and touch to evaluate a flock's condition. Reducing stocking density can be beneficial to avoid overcrowding and optimum ventilation to each bird. Basic husbandry is crucial. Reduce stress on chicks: Avoid dehydration, chilling and exposure to pathogens that can occur at the hatchery or during chick transport. Reduce the handling stress on chicks; minimize stress involved with chick holding and transport, placement. Proper sanitation is also critical. Breeder management and sanitation of fertile eggs are essential: Each breeder hen should be vaccinated so that the chicks have the required immunity. Hatching eggs should be sanitized, and clean, uncontaminated eggs should be sent to the hatchery. Proper precautions should be taken to avoid exposure of fertile eggs to microbial contaminations. Feed processing and formulation: All the possible contaminants like poor quality raw material, fungal infestation due to storage for a
longer period etc should be avoided at a feed mill. It is imperative that feed inventory and feed delivery are closely managed. The larger particle size of feed and good pellet quality would benefit gut health and flock performance. Use of alternate feed additives like enzymes, prebiotics, probiotics, organic acids etc instead of antibiotics is a good option. Preventive measures: Vaccination of breeder hens is essential for overall health of the flock. Coccidiosis control and gut health are of paramount importance. Flocks that need antibiotic treatment should be treated on time and isolated from rest of the flock. Following are some of the alternatives to antibiotics: Probiotics Probiotics are becoming increasingly popular as one of the alternatives to Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGP). The most important objectives for using probiotics in animal feed are to maintain the GIT microbial balance, improve performance (productivity and growth) of animals, and prevent enteric pathogens. Administration of probiotic strains separately and in combination significantly improves the feed intake, feed conversion efficiency, daily weight gain and total body weight in chicken, pig, sheep, goat, and cattle. Organic acids Organic acids are widely accepted as a healthy alternative to reduce the pathogenic load of feed. Free, coated, straight or salts, these compounds have been shown to possess the strongest antibacterial activity. It includes a wide range of products that act at different parts of the gut depending on its pKa chemical trait and local pH at a gut level. Phytobiotics and Phytogenics: Some research proves that a combination of phytogenic compounds and organic acids is the best possible combination where phytogenics increase the penetration level of organic acids that disrupt pathogen internal functions. Enzymes: Enzymes are well-known additives in poultry nutrition. Use of fiber/non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) digesting enzymes is increasing and is now considered as one of the best alternates to antibiotics growth promoters. Enzymes help to improve feed digestion by releasing prebiotics compounds thereby reducing substrate availability to pathogenic growth. Yeast: Due to a ban on antimicrobial agents as growth promoters, application of yeast derivative has gained popularity as a potential alternative. Research has shown that yeast-derived products can be used to control the composition of the microbial population in the gastrointestinal tract, prevent colonization with pathogens. Yeast is being used as antimicrobial
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refers to micro-organisms bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites that have acquired resistance to antimicrobial substances like antibiotics and coccidiostats.
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ARTICLE compound because of its antagonistic activities toward undesirable bacteria, and fungi.
concentrations for growth promotion, and occasionally as therapy for the enteric disease. Experimental studies have demonstrated that in chickens, daily gains were significantly improved Antimicrobial peptides: when broiler feed was supplemented with a Antimicrobial peptides derived from combination of inorganic minerals including copper, beneficial bacteria are a promising iron, manganese, and zinc; these inorganic alternative for growth promotion that supplements produced a statistically significant may aid in disease prevention and increase in broilers' weight gain. A variety of other possibly treatment. Antimicrobial substances have been proposed as growth peptides are short molecules with antibacterial properties that are toxic promoters, including clay minerals (e.g., bentonites, zeolites). to certain bacteria. In many cases, Conclusions: these peptides are generated by microorganisms. In vitro studies provide strong circumstantial evidence that the use of antimicrobial peptides in broiler chickens, as well as pigs, improves intestinal health and suppresses harmful bacteria by favoring the growth of beneficial microorganisms. Bacteriocins like nicin, pediocin are some of the proven antimicrobial peptides used as antibacterial peptides. Zinc, copper and other heavy metals: Zinc, copper and other heavy metals are naturally occurring necessary trace elements in the diet but it may be added to the diet in higher
Antimicrobial resistance has created awareness among consumers for antibiotic and residue free animal products. Use of Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGPs) has been banned in Europe and USA, India is also in consideration for enforcement of a ban on the sub-therapeutic use of antibiotics in farm animals. Strict hygienic conditions at a farm and healthy animals can reduce the use of antimicrobials at farm levels. Today, alternative products are primarily used for growth promotion and infection prevention, with fewer options available for treatment. However, the efficacy of alternative products tends to be variable across individual livestock operations and with the disease status of herds and is often accepted by external factors such as weather or feed composition. References are available on request.
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ADM invests in non-GMO high-protein soybean meal
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U.S. agribusiness group Archer Daniels Midland Co. said it will be making further investments at its crushing facility in Straubing to produce nonGMO high-protein soybean meal. The added capability will allow the site to serve ADM's growing portfolio of soybean meal customers and support local farmers in increasing the region's soybean output. “The decision to invest in the production of non-GMO high-protein soybean meal is a logical step after the successful implementation of non-GMO soybean processing at the site in May 2016,” said Jon Turney, general manager, European soybean crush at ADM. “The demand for non-GMO soybean meal from European soybeans
is steadily growing. With the production of non-GMO high-protein soybean meal, ADM will be able to better meet the needs of its poultry feed customers, as well as the dairy and pig feed markets.” Earlier this year, ADM expanded its soy processing capabilities at its facility in Spyck, Germany. In the last 12 months, it has been working with farmers and industry partners across Europe to create further opportunities to grow and market soybeans in the region. “This investment demonstrates ADM's commitment to meet customer demand for non-GMO soybean products in this region,” said Rene van der Poel, general manager ADM Straubing. “In addition, it gives local farmers a further incentive to grow more non-GMO soybeans and benefit from bringing soybeans into crop rotations.” Source: ADM
INDUSTRY NEWS
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 4 | Issue 1 | Nov 2017
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ADM opens new feed premix plant in China
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ADM officially opened its new feed premix plant in Zhangzhou, South China built with an annual production capacity of 30,000 tonnes of feed premixes and 80,000 tonnes of complete feed and concentrates, the Zhangzhou feed plant represents the fourth in ADM's expanding animal nutrition network in China, which consists of production facilities in Dalian, Tianjin and Nanjing, as well as a new plant under construction in central China.
“With the growing middle class and changing diet pattern, China's consumer demand for animal protein will continue to grow,” said Donald Chen, ADM's president of Asia Pacific “We are therefore confident that demand for our quality animal nutrition products will remain strong in the next decade and this is why we continue to invest in animal nutrition business at strategical locations across China, including Zhangzhou.” The new plant is ADM's most recent expansion into the feed industry.
In late September, ADM announced that PROPLEX DY, a protein source for swine, poultry and “The Zhangzhou plant adds perfectly aquaculture, has been approved for registration in to our animal nutrition network in the Philippines and Vietnam. Produced from the wet China,” said Hong Yang, ADM's Asia corn milling process, it is composed of dried Pacific Director for Animal Nutrition. Saccharomyces yeast (non-active yeast), a source of “With operations in Zhangzhou, we highly digestible amino acids that yields economic are better equipped to serve our and nutritional benefits to swine, poultry and customers in the southern part of the aquaculture diets. country.” Source: ADM
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 4 | Issue 1 | Nov 2017
Outlook - Indonesian protein market Within five years, Indonesia needs to produce a significant amount more chicken and beef than currently available. This needs be done without the use of antibiotics, as the AGP ban comes into force on January, 2018 in Indonesia.
Indonesia's protein market is the largest in South-East Asia, with a promising growth outlook. But to be able to grow, the Indonesian livestock producers need to overcome 4 critical issues, says Rabobank. These are: 1) investing in the right value chain, 2) potential impacts resulting from the adaption of WTO findings and conclusions, 3) compliance with various policies and 4) global disruptions.
Image Source: Rabobank
This is stated in the Rabobank report: From disruptions to opportunities: four critical issues facing the animal protein market in Indonesia.
current mortality rates can reach 7-8%, compared to 2-4% rates in closed-house formats. Feed millers have already started to use more AGP alternative products such as probiotics, short-chain fatty acids and prebiotics. Source: Rabobank
Rabobank figures show that Indonesia needs to supply 4.2 million tonnes cwt of broiler meat by 2022. This is 1.1 million tonnes more than the 3.1 million tonnes cwt required this year. Annual beef supply will also need to expand to 914,000 tonnes cwt by 2022 from 809,000 cwt in 2017, mostly through higher imports. Yet, demand could grow faster still.
Antibiotics use for therapeutic purposes is still allowed for up to seven days under veterinary supervision. The Rabobank report states that Indonesia can learn the lessons from Thailand, a country that banned AGPs in 2012. Indonesian feed millers have steps already to reformulate their products, but their efficacies are yet to be tested in open-house poultry formats where
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The Indonesian livestock producers have to produce the extra protein without the 'help' of antibiotic growth promoters, as these will be officially banned as of January 1st, 2018.
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INDUSTRY NEWS Image Source: ImpactAlpha
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 4 | Issue 1 | Nov 2017
Sustainable production of fish feed using carbon dioxide We're harvesting too many fish from the ocean, not just for human plates, but to feed farmed fish as well. Novo Nutrients wants to replace that fish food with something more sustainable: microbes grown with carbon dioxide
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Off the coast of Senegal, where large Chinese ships now catch as much fish in a week as Senegalese fishing boats can catch in a year, the population of mackerel and sardines is dwindling. In Peru, home to the world's largest fishery of a small fish called anchoveta–once fished with no restrictions–the government has spent the last several years retraining 2,000 fishermen in new jobs to help curb overfishing.
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lab. The startup's process uses carbon dioxide, along with other emissions, to feed microbes that can then become protein for companies that make pellets of food for fish. Those microbes are similar to ones that evolved to live near gas vents in the ocean; the startup arranges them with other species into “microbial factories” that work together to make the whole process more efficient.
The company is also developing new microbes, using synthetic biology, that can produce particular nutrients–vitamins or probiotics, for example–that can also Each fishery provides at least a portion of be used as ingredients in feed. All of this will happen in its catch to be made into fishmeal, small pipes that help the gases dissolve in water, rather than in pellets of protein and nutrients that are the large tanks that are used for fermentation in a brewery used as food for livestock and fish farms. If or some pharmaceutical companies. The pipes can connect demand for seafood for humans is directly to a cement plant or other industrial emitter and growing quickly, so is demand for fish fed then into a fishmeal factory next door. Hydrogen, which can to other fish. Aquaculture production has be produced through electrolysis of water using solar more than doubled since 2000. power, can provide energy for the system. Recognizing that the ocean can't keep up, For NovoNutrients, it's a way to turn a waste product and a one startup is working on making fish major greenhouse gas into something of value. “About 36 feed from another source: carbon dioxide. billion tons [of CO2] a year is emitted globally, and we are “We can take untreated flue gas from not aware of other economically feasible large-scale carbon various industrial emissions and just pipe utilization practices,” says Tze. “We're sure others will it into our plant, rather than putting it in emerge over time, but we think it will be interesting to be in the atmosphere,” says David Tze, CEO of that first batch to be commercialized.” NovoNutrients, which is currently scaling Because carbon dioxide emissions are often free, and some up a system that it has proven works in a
around USD 1,000 a ton, but nutrients like probiotics can sell for USD 1,000,000 a ton. The same process could be used to make feed for livestock, and eventually, pet food or protein for synthetic meat for humans. The urgent need in the aquaculture industry made it a logical place to start. “We understand that our early markets, aquaculture, poultry, and swine are ready now,” says Tze. The company is using bioreactors to create protein that more closely matches the mix of amino acids that fish would get by eating smaller fish. “We are confident that the need and potential profits are so great, that there will be many profitable firms supplying the aquaculture feed mill companies,” says Kevin Fitzsimmons, an expert in aquaculture and a professor at the University of Arizona.
companies will even pay to have the gas captured, the process is also cheaper than catching fish to turn into fishmeal. The demand from aquaculture has made fishmeal valuable, and producing nutrients through the process is even more valuable; protein meal might sell for
NovoNutrients' approach doubles as a way to reduce emissions. A typical cement plant might emit a million tons of carbon dioxide in a year; the startup can convert that into half a million tons of protein meal. There's a demand for hundreds of millions of tons of fishmeal each year. Still, that's only part of a solution for current emissions. “Unfortunately, 36 billion tons of emissions of CO2 a year is a lot, and it's going to require more than just addressing the protein needs of animal feed to solve that,” Tze says. “We hope to be a small but important part of the solution, but we certainly would not claim to be even a plurality of the solution.”
INDUSTRY NEWS Image Source: Knowledge
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Cultivating Maize can be a game changer 'It is adaptable, consumes less water and fetches a handsome return for the grower' Hybrid maize can supplant traditional paddy crop in the core kuruvai season in the Cauvery delta regions in times of water scarcity or delayed opening of Mettur dam.
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Cultivating maize as an alternative to kuruvai paddy can be a potential game changer for the farmers to get considerable income in a short span of time, reveals a field study and research carried out by the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University.
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kuruvai season. The ideas were put to field test by introducing hybrid maize as alternative crop to paddy on 300 acres equally distributed in Thanjavur, Tiruvarur and Nagapattinam districts. A total of 167 farmers came forward to undertake the pilot project under the TNIAMP. World Bank funding The World Bank provided Rs. 86 crore to the TNAU with an objective to promote climate resilient and market-led agriculture in 66 sub basins of Tamil Nadu and maize was selected for the Cauvery delta region.
“Maize is adaptable to growing environment, is less water consuming and relatively not affected by pest and disease besides fetching a handsome return for the grower. The TNAU took up the initiative to raise maize The pilot programme was conducted as as an alternative to kuruvai paddy in the Cauvery delta. part of the World Bank funded Tamil Private companies supplied hybrid maize to farmers, the Nadu Irrigated Agriculture TNAU imparted technical guidance while the Broiler Modernisation Programme (TNIAMP). Coordination Committee, Palladam, assured market for the cultivated maize,� explained B. J. Pandian, Director, Delta farmers in the State are facing Water Technology Centre and Nodal Officer, TNIAMP. water scarcity, especially during the kuruvai cropping season and most of It is planned to demonstrate maize as an alternative to them have to solely rely on Cauvery kuruvai paddy on a larger scale and it is also part of water which is released from Mettur implementing water saving technologies, over the next dam. In the past several years, those six years, for which the World Bank has allotted Rs. 10 farmers who do not have access to sub- crore to the Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute, surface water had to leave the land Aduthurai, it's director V. Ravi said. fallow during the kuruvai season due to While farmers in Thanjavur district waited for the hybrid water scarcity. maize to mature and supplied the produce to poultry The TNAU was seized of the issues units, those in Manalmedu region of Nagapattinam confronting delta farmers before district harvested the fresh green cobs and sold them, in coming up with maize and pulses as just three quarters of the normal cultivation period. suitable alternatives to paddy in the Source: The Hindu
EVENT COVERAGE
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 4 | Issue 1 | Nov 2017
Livestock and feed industry professionals explored Sustainable Farming at BIOMIN Asia Nutrition Forum From October 24-25, 2017, livestock and feed representatives from south Asia gathered to discuss recent trends and the future of the Asian protein economy.
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The BIOMIN Asia Nutrition Forum held recently in New Delhi attracted over 350 enthusiastic participants from South Asia.
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Held every two years, the Asia Nutrition Forum is the premier scientific assembly for connecting with peers, fostering partnerships and exchanging information, experiences and best practices. Edward Manchester, Regional Director, BIOMIN Asia-Pacific gave a brief introduction about the significance of Asia Nutrition Forum. “The Asia Nutrition Forum is acclaimed as the credible platform for knowledge sharing and has consistently shared invaluable technical knowledge for the betterment of the industry and this series of seminars are held across Asia
every two years,” Edward Manchester stated in his welcome speech. Moderating the series of technical seminars, Dr. Sujit Kulkarni, Managing Director, BIOMIN India said that the Asia Nutrition Forum acts as an agent of change. “This event is significant and the theme for Asia Nutrition Forum 'Driving the Asian Protein Economy' shows how BIOMIN is committed to sustainable development,” he said. Livestock rearing without antimicrobial growth promoters Dr. Theo A. Niewold, PhD, Professor Nutrition and Health, University of Leuven, Belgium in his technical session pointed out that there is increased awareness on gut health and stated that antimicrobial growth promoters are on the way out. In his session on “Livestock rearing without antimicrobial growth promoters is perfectly possible using antiinflammatory feed compounds and feeding strategies” Dr. Niewold informed the audience that non-antibiotic and anti-inflammatory compounds i.e. natural products rich in bioactive compounds have similar positive effects minus the disadvantages. “Encapsulation is needed for concentration in small intestines to have anti-inflammatory effect” he said and
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EVENT COVERAGE emphasized the critical role that biomarkers can play in developing antiinflammatory feed compounds.
poultry entrepreneurs should adopt at least two villages in their vicinity and educate the people about the importance of protein consumption and its benefits.
Probiotics as alternatives to antibiotics
Feed Converter-Gift to gut health
In the next session “Probiotics as alternatives to antibiotics for treating lameness due to bacterial infections in broilers”, Dr. Robert F. Wideman, Jr., PhD, Emeritus Professor, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, USA explained how various experiments have proved the effectiveness of probiotics as alternatives to antibiotics. “Probiotics decrease the incidents of lameness by 50% and studies have proved that there is significant reduction in bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO)” he said pointing out a study. Health secrets of the gut Dr. Daniel Petri, PhD, Global Product Line Manager Microbials at BIOMIN, in his session on “Health secrets of the gut” explained in detail the key role played by gut and pointed out that intestinal microbiota influence the immune system of the host with long lasting effect. “The gut is the largest component of the immune system, and so gut health is crucial,” he added.
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He described how the gut quickly gets colonized by microbiota from the environment and informed about the high risk of colonization with unwanted microbes in newly hatched chicks. “Protective gut microbes are not yet established in these chicks and so they respond slowly and hence they are at high risk,” he added.
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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 4 | Issue 1 | Nov 2017
Protein for all In the post-lunch session, “Protein for all”, Dr. Pavan Kumar, Animal Feed/Soy Meal Manager, U.S. Soybean Export Council (USSEC) gave key statistics on the protein consumption in India with comparative figures in other developing and developed countries. “Chicken meat is the most affordable animal protein and there is no doubt that appropriate intake of protein will result in stronger India,” he added. Dr. Pavan Kumar suggested that all
Dr. Sudipto Haldar, Agrivet, Kolkata in his session on “Feed Converter-Gift to gut health” underlined that an uninterrupted mucous layer is important and said that the condition called 'dysbiosis' affects the small intestinal mucous layer, which in turn negatively impacts productivity. “Dysbiosis also alters intestinal fluid dynamics, dynamicity of gut microbiota and gut health,” he said and underlined that when the gut health is not good, the immune response system redirects protein away from muscle development to tissue repair. “The intestinal system is the engine that drives all others,” Dr. SudiptoHaldar said. He stressed that phytogenic feed additives have enormous potential and informed that PFAs have antibacterial properties, improve nutrient digestibility and increase fluidity of cell membrane. “Phytogenic additives cut down the cost of gut immunity. A good gut gives good return,” he remarked. The role of R&D for an organization to become a pioneer Dr. Eva Maria Binder, PhD, Vice President Research, ERBER AG in her session on “The role of R&D for an organization to become a pioneer” told the participants about the ERBER Group R&D process and the history and growth of BIOMIN over the years. “Our R&D is basically this: breaking things down to molecules so that we exactly measure how our products work, and that is how we stand out and are unique,” she added. “We are collaborating with about 200 universities and research institutions and our entire operations is R&D based,” she said and informed about the company's R&D activities, for example nutrigenomics and precision farming. With this session, the series of technical seminars, which was highly informative in content came to a close. Thanking all the speakers, who came from the US, Belgium and Austria, Edward Manchester, Regional Director, BIOMIN Asia-Pacific said that the sessions offered a fresh perspective on the alternatives to antibiotics. “The sessions were wide-ranging and highlighted scientific inputs in the respective areas. I encourage the participants here to try and follow these valuable inputs and suggestions in their operations,” he said in his concluding remarks. Following this, Dr. Hannes Binder, PhD, Managing Director at BIOMIN in his special address thanked all the speakers and the participants for their support. “BIOMIN is committed to provide excellent products and service to drive the Asian protein economy,” he pointed out.
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CALENDAR OF EVENTS
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 4 | Issue 1 | Nov 2017
NOVEMBER Poultry India Date: 22-24 November 2017 Venue: HITEX, Hyderabad, India Email: info@poultryindia.co.in Web: www.poultryindia.co.in
3rd Global Feed Summit Date: 29-30 November 2017 Venue: Bangkok, THAILAND Email: mailto:grace@cmtsp.com.sg Web: www.cmtevents.com
VICTAM Asia Date: 27-29 March 2018 Venue: BITEC, Bangkok, Thailand Email: maarcservices@gmail.com Web: www.victamasia.com
APRIL Livestock Asia Date: 19-21 April 2018 Venue: Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre, Malaysia Email: rita.lau@ubm.com Web: www.livestockasia.com
DECEMBER International Dairy & Agri Expo (PDFA) Date: 9-11 December 2017 Venue: Cattle Fair Ground, Jagraon, Ludhiana, Punjab Email: info@pdfa.org.in Web: www.pdfa.org.in
JUNE VIV Europe Date: 20-22 June 2018 Venue: Jaarbeurs Utreach, the Netherlands Email: karlienke.smitt@vnuexhibitions.com Web: www.viveurope.nl
FEBRUARY
Feed Tech Expo 2018 Animal Feed Technology
Date: 8-10 February 2018 Venue: Pune, Maharashtra, India Email: feedtechexpo@gmail.com Web: www.feedtechexpo.com
MARCH
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3rd Poultry & Livestock Bangladesh Expo Date: 21-24 March 2018 Venue: International Convention City, Dhaka, Bangladesh Email: contact@cems-foodagro.com Web: www.cems-foodagro.com
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To list any industry event related to Grain & Feed industry please write us at info@thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in