Thom Kuipers - Tricot Factory Winterswijk Unprogrammed

TRICOT FACTORY

Winterswijk, The Netherlands - 2008 | THE UNPROGRAMMED | THOM KUIPERS

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INTRODUCTION The textile-factory G.J. Wilmink Winterswijk, popularly called “the Tricot�, was a collection of industrial buildings and structures which were found in the early 1890’s.

The economical success of the textile-factory led to an increase of planning permissions early last century.

When the buildings were abandoned in the 80’s and 90’s, the complex became a huge contrast to itself; to the glorious factory it once was.

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Winterswijk, The Netherlands - 2008

TRICOT FACTORY - G. BELTMAN

After a detailed en carefully performed “save and demolish� process, the two main historical buildings of the complex remained for re-use.

After this process, a transformation became real for the complex. According to the local government the complex should provide a new function: residential. This transformation was designed by “de Architecten Cie�.

The complex transformed from a abandoned heavily damaged textile-factory into a living, unique residential complex with a rich textile history.

The facade which shows the fragments can be read like a catalogue of architectural history.

7KH QHZ ORIW DSDUWPHQW SURĂ€WV IURP WKH RULJLQDO PHWUH KHLJKW WKH bare supporting structures and cast-iron window frames.

7KH GZHOOLQJV ÀW VHDPOHVV LQWR WKH H[LVWLQJ IRUP DQG WKDQNV WR WKHLU DUrangement around a central core they take optimum advantage of the available expanses of the facade.

Internal verandas on east and west side allow for heat regain and make an outdoor with respect for the monument.

7KH GHVLJQ ZDV UHZDUGHG ZLWK WKH ÀUVW SUL]H $UFKLWHFWXUH 7URSK\ Achterhoek 2006 award.1 Picture by Thom Kuipers

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5HVHDUFKGHĂ€QLWLRQ Every space that can be erased, without affecting the original program or function from functioning, is unprogrammed.

5HVHDUFKGHĂ€QLWLRQ Everything that reasonably could have been part of the program requirements, is programmed space. All the other surface is un-programmed.

TIMELINE Picture by www.kennisbankherbestemming.nu

1912

Finished building

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2005

Commision modern residential complex

2008

Finished transformation building into modern residential complex

Building/refurbishment/demolishing User/function/equipped

Picture by Thom Kuipers

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ANALYSIS The Tricot-factory mainly houses two functions. In fact it is only one function GZHOOLQJV DV WKH RWKHU IXQFWLRQ LQWHQGHG IRU WKH JURXQG ร RRU ZDV QHYHU UHDOL]HG 7KH EXLOGLQJ FDQ EH VSOLW LQWR WZR SDUWV 7KH JURXQG ร RRU ZLWK WKH PDLQ KDOO DQG DFFHVV WR WKH VWDLUV DQG HOHYDWRUV IRU WKH KDELWDQWV DQG WKH ร UVW VHFRQG DQG WKLUG ร RRU ZKLFK FRQVLVW RI GZHOOLQJV DQG D VPDOO SHUFHQWDJH KDOO and stairs. The building was build in the time the textile-industry was rising in the east of the Netherlands, and was designed in a recognisable grid system for textile-factories by that time. , KDYH DQDO\VHG WKH EXLOGLQJ DFFRUGLQJ WR GHร QLWLRQ WZR DQG WKUHH :KDW FDPH WR OLJKW ZDV WKH IDFW WKDW LQ ERWK GHร QLWLRQV WKH HQWLUH JURXQG ร RRU FDQ be seen as un-programmed. This space is enormous and yields lots of opportuQLWLHV EXW WKHUH LV QR VSHFLร F SURJUDPPH GHYHORSHG 7KDW PHDQV WKDW DOPRVW a third of the entire building is un-programmed. &RPSDULQJ WKH ร RRUV DERYH LW FDQ EH VDLG WKDW WKH DUFKLWHFW RI WKH WUDQVIRUPDWLRQ LQ DOUHDG\ GLG D ร OO LQ H[HUFLVH $OPRVW HYHU\ VSDFH KDV D VSHFLร F SURJUDP DQG DFFRUGLQJ WR WKH GHร QLWLRQV VRPH VPDOO SDUWV FDQ EH VHHQ DV un-programmed, like the elevator and hallways.

7KH RQO\ GLIIHUHQFH EHWZHHQ WKH WZR GHร QLWLRQV LV LQ WKH FRUH RI WKH EXLOGLQJ 7KH FRUH KRXVHV WKH VWDLUV KDOOZD\V DQG HOHYDWRU 7KH VHFRQG GHร QLWLRQ provides an elevator as un-programmed, the other as programmed. Also the PDLQ HQWUDQFH KDOO LV GLIIHUHQWO\ DQDO\VHG DFFRUGLQJ WR WKH GHร QLWLRQV $QRWKHU VWULNLQJ IDFW LV WKH KHLJKW RI WKH OHYHOV ZLWK D KHLJKW RI PHWUH LW LV HQRUPRXV IRU GZHOOLQJ VWDQGDUGV 7KH RULJLQDO KLJKW ZKLFK DOVR ZDV PHWUH could not be expanded by the transformation process and therefore the arFKLWHFW NHSW WKH RULJLQDO ร RRUV ,W FRQWULEXWHV WR KLJK TXDOLW\ DSSDUWPHQWV ZLWK an overwhelming high ceiling.

FILL-IN EXERCISE ,Q RUGHU WR UHVHDUFK WKH DGDSWDELOLW\ RI WKH FKRVHQ EXLOGLQJ WZR ร OO LQ H[HUFLVHV KDYH EHHQ GHYHORSHG 6LQFH WKH JURXQG ร RRU SRVVHVVHV E\ IDU WKH PRVW un-programmed space, I have chosen to focus on that particular level. Two QHZ IXQFWLRQV KDYH EHHQ GHYHORSHG RQ WKH JURXQG ร RRU D ZHOOQHVV FHQWUH DQG D J\P %HFDXVH WKH XSSHU ร RRUV ZHUH DOUHDG\ ร OOHG E\ WKH QHZ GHVLJQ LQ ZLWK DSDUWPHQWV WKH SRVVLELOLW\ WR FUHDWH GZHOOLQJV RQ WKH JURXQG ร RRU has not been researched.

Gym. The gym has been designed from the inside out; the spaces that require a closed wall without daylight, like for instance the changing rooms, were sitXDWHG ร UVW DURXQG WKH FRUH RI WKH EXLOGLQJ 7KH UHVW RI WKH VSDFH LV ร OOHG ZLWK areas to train strength workouts, a group lesson room and a bar / reception.

Wellness. The wellness mainly has the same starting perspective as the gym.

It also has been designed starting around the core of the building, and using the โ blindโ walls to situate the saunas and changing rooms. Around the big pool, there is a great transparent faรงade which can be opened on the short side of the building. If the weather is good enough, visitors can enjoy the nice weather from the pool. As mentioned above, the saunas are close to the changing rooms and to the ice-pools. In the area around the bar and entrance, there are 2 whirlpools. Directly around the bar there are a few โ hangspotsโ , to relax afterwards or wait for someone.

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WELLNESS - GROUND FLOOR

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CONCLUSION

GROSS-NET RATIO

$IWHU WKH DQDO\VLV DQG ÀOO LQ H[HUFLVHV LW FDQ EH VDLG WKDW WKLV EXLOGLQJ KDV ORIGINAL LAYOUT: a high potential to give place to a lot of different functions in the un-pro- 7KH UDWLR RI XQ SURJUDPPHG SURJUDPPHG DQG XQGHÀQHG DUH VKRZQ RQ the adjacent page. A few remarkable things came to light. First, the un-programmed space.

JUDPPHG VSDFH LV DOPRVW RQH WKLUG RI DOO WKH à RRU DUHD RI WKH EXLOGLQJ ,Q WKLV $FFRUGLQJ WR WKH UHVW RI WKH EXLOGLQJ ÀOOLQJ XS KDV DOUHDG\ EHHQ GRQH 7KH particularly case, it says that one third of the building is not in use. Besides top three levels are completely stuffed with apartments, which has been that, something that also can be seen as remarkable is the fact that in both GRQH YHU\ FDUHIXOO\ 7KDW PDNHV WKDW RQO\ WKH JURXQG à RRU LV VXLWDEOH IRU WUDQV- GHÀQLWLRQV WKH XQGHÀQHG VSDFH LV QRW PRUH WKDQ D IUDFWLRQ RI WKH WRWDO à RRU formation and re-use by other functions. Also because of its high ceiling, the area, hardly noticeable.

VWUXFWXUH GRHV QRW LPSHGH IRU D QHZ ÀOO LQ Another great advantage of this building is the fact that the facade is suitDEOH IRU D QHZ ÀOO LQ ZLWKRXW DQ\ DGMXVWPHQWV :LWK LWV JUHDW JOD]LQJ IDFDGH the building creates many opportunities for any function. Transparent parts can be blinded easily and, where needed, the great transparent facade does not impede for any local regulations.

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NEW LAYOUT: After applying the new layout to the building, the percentages raise to 85-95 SHUFHQW ,W FDQ EH VDLG WKDW WKH ÀOO LQ H[HUFLVH LV GRQH HIÀFLHQWO\ DOPRVW HYHU\ XQSURJUDPPHG VSDFH RQ WKH JURXQG à RRU LV QRZ SURJUDPPHG 7KH à RRUspace has not been increased; it was not possible to create a new level within WKH PHWUH FHLOLQJ KLJKW

DEFINITION 2, ORIGINAL

DEFINITION 2 GYM

Programmed space:

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DEFINITION 2 WELLNESS Programmed space:

Programmed space:

87%

88%

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66%

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