ARCHITECTURE DESIGN STUDIO AIR .
JOURNAL
MELISSA TSANG HIU CHING 377534
WHAT IS ARCHITECTURE?
Architecture & Visual Culture / Richard Williams
“ The term architecture applies only to buildings designed with a view
to aesthetic appeal... the good architect requires the sculptor’s and the painter’s modes of vision in addition to his own spatial imagination. Thus architecture is the most comprehensive of all the visual arts and has a right to claim superiority over the others.
In Today’s world, the works of architecture aids to frame the lives of everyone; we inhabit them and they define our movement through various ways. Furthermore, they influence, moralize and discipline the societies. With the advancement of technology, Architecture of today is being perceived to be forward looking. Architecture is about creating a suitable space for people to live, work and interact in. It is also about the idea of limitations and restrictions to achieve a new and exciting form.
”
PART l : EXPRESSION OF INTEREST 1.1 CASE FOR INNOVATION 1.1.1. ARCHITECTURE AS A DISCOURSE 1.1.2. COMPUTING IN ARCHITECTURE 1.1.3. PARAMETRIC MODELLING 1.1.4. CASE FOR INNOVATION CONCLUSION 1.2 RESEARCH PROJECT 1.2.1. SCOPE OF POSSIBILITIES 1.2.1.1. INPUT/ ASSOCIATION/ OUTPUT MATRIX 1.2.1.2. REVERSE-ENGINEERED CASE-STUDY 1.2.1.3. MATERIAL EFFECTS 1.2.1.4. ASSEMBLY METHODS 1.2.2. RESEARCH PROJECT CONCLUSION 1.3 EXPRESSION OF INTEREST CONCLUSION: COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE 1.4 LEARNING OJECTIVES AND OUTCOMES : INTERIM PART ll. PROJECT PROPOSAL ll.1. PROJECT INTERPRETATION ll.2. PROJECT DELIVERY
contents:
ll.3. PROJECT PRESENTATION ll.4. PROJECT PROPOSAL CONCLUSION PART lll. LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOMES: FINAL lll. 1. PERSONAL BACKGROUND AND LEARNING OBJECTIVES lll. 2. LEARNING PROGRESS lll. 3. LEARNING OUTCOMES lll. 4. FUTURE WORK
EXPRESSION OF INTEREST
PART ONE OF JOURNAL
1.1.1
A DISCOURSE OF ARCHITECTURE
The study of visual culture ought not simply to reiterate the professional discourse of architecture-as-art, but make use of the critical approaches that have emerged over the past century. The consideration of architecture as sign is one; architecture as urban and social experience another. Both emphasize the reception of architecture over its production,and it is this fact above all that makes them useful means of engagement.
01
THE NEW DANCE AND MUSIC CENTER Architect: Zaha Hadid Location: Hague, The Netherlands.
Famously known for its architectural expression of fluidity in her designs, Zaha Hadid is one of the world’s pronounced architects of the century. The New Dance and Music Center in Hague is revealed to be designed to promote the public’s awareness of the integrated establishment of the structure.The initial project’s approach was to comprehend the urban dynamics of the site by connecting and interacting it with the surrounding. The structure of the roof line - began at balanced height to the lower infrastructures around it, and lifting the height of the eastern corner- making it possible for the iconic landmark to position itself into the city’s existing skyline. To achieve such level of design, parametric design approaches are being utilized. Zaha Hadid Architects are widely known for their use of notable technological operandi, to achieve the peerless design artwork. EOI: This project allows me to further understand and realised the importance of parametric design software and techniques, in the modern architectural world. In relation to the future design project of Wyndham City, there are many different design approaches of this venture that can be used. For instance, in order to create an eye-catching structure, factors of the environment must be taken into consideration. This allows the design to stand out from the area, yet function in commotion with the surrounding.
02 BEIJING'S NATIONAL STADIUM Architect: Herzdog & De Meuron
Location: Beijing, People’s Republic of China
The construction of Beijing’s National Stadium was an immense headline on various communication prints in 2007. Due to the 2008’s Summer Olympics Games, six venues were organized, solely for the event. Beijing National Stadium was the main centerpiece of the Olympics’ Infrastructure. It is regarded to the world’s largest enclosed space, with a total volume of three million cubic meters. The structure is also famously known for being the largest steel structure with 26km of unwrapped steel used.The circular shape of the Stadium symbolizes the idea of heaven, decorated with patterned inspired by Chinese-style crazed pottery. This random-looking structural pattern is designed based on a simple set of rules to create the “extra large” material effect. However, many argued that the architectural design of the nestlike skeletal facade was ugly, and labelled it as - “ The Bird’s Nest”. In order to achieve the idea design, the team depended greatly on parametric design software. This approach aids to comprehend the various particularity and issues such as the airflow to maintain the freshness of the grass and seismic studies. Even though the structure’s surface appears simple, the geometry of the design is complex. Parametric techniques were utilized to ensure ‘the web of twisting steel sections fitted together’ perfectly. EOI: The establishment of this project presents an adequate and indepth span of the use of parametric design. To me, it is a remarkable piece of architecture artwork. This design expresses the new design approach of the new architectural era of fusing design ideas with technology, to create the impossible. This projects allows me generate a broader inspirations and ideas, in relation to the Gateway project. Through the focus of applying the local culture designs into the development of the project, to promote the city’s diversity.
03 MARINA BAY SANDS (MBS) Architect: Moshe Safdie Architects
Location: Singapore
Designed by Boston-based internationally known architect - Moshe Safdie, the construction of Marina Bay Sands (MBS) had drawn much attention globally and locally. Unlike most prototypical resort, MBS is high-density, mixed used integrated retreat. It is a technically demanding concept that required the effective use of pioneering 3D modelling technology. Parametric design software was used, in the early stages, to mold the intricate steel structure’s layouts and for further design alternatives. MBS is famously known for the construction of the 1,396 square meter ‘infinity pool’ located at the Sky park, within the infrastructure. It is a distinctive structural masterwork, which floats atop the three soaring MBS’s hotel towers that are 200m above ground level. Triple the length of an Olympic pool, and standing 650ft up above the ground, the ‘infinity pool’ is the largest outdoor pool in the world, for its height. In 2011, MBS was given the honor of ‘Design of the Year’ at the annual President’s Design Award in Singapore. EOI: Within a span of a year, MBS has become an international architectural icon, with three hotel towers connected by the skypark - 57 stories above Singapore’s financial district. MBS represents the new modern design concept of the new age of architecture introducing the use of parametric design, which allows it to break boundaries and design the impossible.
04 DESIGN PROJECT OF A SUNDIAL DESIGNED IN DESIGN STUDIO 2010
Located outside the Royal Melbourne Exhibition, this sundial design was designed by me, duing my design studio course taken in my first year as an architecture student in University of Melbourne. This design was created to perform as a sundial and a resting area for the public, at night. Beside that, it was also designed to act as a representation for the Royal Melbourne Exhibition. EOI: Personally, I feel that this design project strongly relates to the future design project - the Gateway project that i am designing in the following weeks. Similarly, it acts as a icon, and provide functional aids to the public.
1.1.2
COMPUTATION
IN ARCHITECTURE
“ The use of digital media by avant-garde practices is profoundly challenging the traditional process of design and construction.� - KOLARECIV, 2003
The study of visual culture ought not simply to reiterate the professional discourse of architecture-as-art, but make use of the critical approaches that have emerged over the past century. The consideration of architecture as sign is one; architecture as urban and social experience another. Both emphasize the reception of architecture over its production,and it is this fact above all that makes them useful means of engagement.
waterloo station Architect: Nicholas Grimshaw & Partners. Location: London, UK.
The International Terminal at Water Loo Station is a great example, manifesting the development benefits of using parametric approach. As the roof design was not correlating with the complex geometric site, a scripted parametric model was designed to solve the problem. The scripted model was created based on a series of variables that was related to the size and length of the span to its curvature. The coordinates of the parametric design are similar to the virtural forces from the environment - moulding and shaping the form of the building. Parametric design used on the three-pin bowstring arches of the waterloo roof can be easily created by simply placing various different values in the geometric model. EOI: Parametric design, indeed, are useful to construct and solve complex designs forms. It allows us to explore and expand the range of architectural designs and ideas. This design approach will be further focused in the later part of the project; guiding me towards more innovative design ideas.
1.1.3
PARAMAETRIC
MODELLING
Architecture, in general, has evolved drastically for the past few years, from manual drawings to digital fabrication. Today, it is almost possible to design anything that seems structurally imaginable. With the aid of scripting, computer programming had become essential for the need of digital process. It enables and allows more unique opportunities for innovation, among the designers. Most importantly, scripting acts “ as a computing program overlay enables the tool user (designer) to become the new tool maker (software engineer)”. In the recent years, Scripting had slowly been considered more as a designer’s specialty rather as a technical skill.
Biothing is a design research originally created by Alisa Andrasek, who works on “ an algorithmic articulation of the interface between the material behavours and computational instruments in an attempt to engage with complexity�. She analyzed the potential of compuational patterns, which are further comprehended to be able to produce expressions at different degrees. The main part of the study is the assemble of library’s scripts and methods for trans coding, which are networked with limitations in regards to structure, materials, fabrication, assembly and aesthetics.
Seroussi Pavilion Architect: Alisa Andrasek
This project was originated from the idea of “ growing” out of self-modifying patterns of vectors based on electromagnetic fields (EMF)”. Through rationale of attraction or repulsion courses are being computed into the plan and than, lifted through a series of structural micro arching sections through various frequencies of sine function. The pavilion is placed into a steep hill, and EMP lines are needed to help base of the site. Extra features built into scripting enables local adjustments to the site, in realtion to section. A total of six different geometrical systems were utilized for designing. Unlike the classical idea of architectural plan drawing, the plan of the pavillio is different as it is a dynamic blueprint closer to musical notation - “ deep ecology of imbedded algorithmic and parametric relationships are the seed for possible materialization procedures and adaptation to the site conditions”. Programming of views and distribution of lighting is attained through sine-wave functions stimulate parametric differentiation of orientation, angle and size of the apeture. The flloor’s mirco-dunning is generated through a complex attractor script operating between two sets of geometries. Also, to achieve” two asynchronous series of FP’s magnetic, trajectories were used with parametricaly variable density of surface meshes.”
1.1.4
CONCLUSION CASE FOR INNOVATIN
After analysing most of the projects that I had chosen to explore in each sections, an evolution of design approach can be observed. The idea of parametric designing began to allow me to further understand its usefulness as a design tool. By examining the various design projects inspired me to develop more innovative ideas and approaches for my design, which will occurred at the later period of the semester. Here, we began to analyse the various design methods that we can utilized in our design process.
RESEARCH PROJECT PART TWO OF JOURNAL
1.2.1.
SCOPE OF POSSIBILITES ARCHITECTURE
This section of the journal focuses on the utilization of the new learnt skills – the use of Rhino and Grasshopper. It allows us to experience with various different forms, which let us create various unique design ideas (which is applicable to the future design of the Gateway project.) It is essential for the students to master the skills of the design approach, and be able to exhibit their fullest potential.
1.2.1.1.
MATRIX
INPUT/ ASSOCIATION/ OUTPUT Our group’s approach to the matrixes were that of not having an ending in mind. It was important to do the matrixes as it allowed us to explore the different options that we had by trying out different permutations and combinations. According to Burry, our group’s scripting culture is that of a ‘voyage of discovery’ (2011: 32). This is because it opens up a whole new way to explore design. Furthermore, In our situation, none of us were familiar with grasshopper at the start of the course. Therefore, we In some instances, different combinations can actually generate the same result. For example, we realized that using a curve attractor and an image sampler as an associative technique can both generate circles of different dimensions. Other important things that we took away from doing the matrices is that we
can control what we want the result to look like. For instance, we can choose to see the result as a rectangle rather than a circle or even have the end geometry rotated and extruded. After doing the matrices, as a group, we found that we generally liked the output with interesting geometrical shapes. While attempting to visualize it on the site, we realized we needed to have a facade that can generate interesting shadows in the sunlight. Furthermore, layering the facade not only creates more exciting shadows but also represents the diversity of Wyndam city. Also, in order to create different types of shadows, it was important that we experimented and utilized a vast array of materials to determine the material most suitable for the project
Patterns
MATRIX COMBINATIONS
Patterns
MATRIX COMBINATIONS
Patterns
MATRIX COMBINATIONS
Patterns
MATRIX COMBINATIONS
extrusion
MATRIX COMBINATIONS
extrusion
MATRIX COMBINATIONS
overlapping Patterns
MATRIX COMBINATIONS
surface Patterns
MATRIX COMBINATIONS
explanations
MATRIX COMBINATIONS
01
02
03
PATTERN&OVERLAP,MULTIPLEMATHS FUNCTION,EXTRUCTION
PATTERN &OVERLAP,MATHS FUNCTION,ROTATION
EXPLICIT GRID,ATTRACTOR POINTS
We decided on using this definiton as a starting point because it firstly looked interesting. Secondly, we could image the layers as a facade as it not only appears intersting from the different angles but it would also produce interesting shapes and shadows.
We liked this definition mainly because of the layers and also because of the slight curve on the x axis caused by the sine. We found the layering was interesting as it
We decided on this as the definiton looks fluid and as it were showing movement. The facade is important for exploring the use of lighting.
1.2.1.2.
REVERSEENGINEERED CASE STUDY
“ Digital technologies have
enabled new methods of design, which has led to a re-examination of current theories and educational design concepts..”
BANQ RESTURANT Location: Boston, USA Architect / Office dA, Inc.
The construction of the restaurant was developed by the concept of the striated wood-slatted system. It allows the sight of the mechanical, plumbing and lighting systems to be conceal from the public’s eyes. Designed similarly to the structure of a canopy, the design approach, used in this project, allows the facade to appear seamless. This design concept- creating a seamless idea, is explored through our matrix and the design that we are preparing for fabrication.
airspace TOKYO
Location: Tokyo, Japan Architect: Faulders Studio
Voronoi tessellation is an extremely popular algorithm, a patterning based on mathematics, used today. Airspace Toyko strongly displays the design approach of mixing voronoi, layering and lighting. Constructed from laser-cut aluminum and plastic composite, the facade produceds an unique outlook as light travels through the detailed openings, drawing attentions of the passerby as they walked by. In relation to the Gateway Project, this building explores one of the design requirements of our design - to be eye-catching and unique in appearance. This idea will be further looked into , in the fabrication of our current design concept.
Doir Ginza
Location: Tokyo, Japan Architect: Kumiko Inui
The Dior Building explores the concept of form patterning through the design of the facade and lighting. As shown by the Dior building, the perforated patterns achieve a subtle aesthetic appearance through the facade detailing. It is one of the main design approaches that we are focusing and exploring in our Gateway project design.
1.2.1.3.
MATERIAL EFFECTS
“
Materials and surfaces have a language of their own.� -JUHANI PALLASMAA
It is important to fabricate the models as there are limitations to what the computer can do. As advanced as modeling technology is today, one cannot physically feel, examine and a computer model. It is only after fabrication that one can really study and determine whether or not the model would be suitable for the gateway project.
The patterning of the C- wall project by Andrew Kudless is based on Voronoi tessellation
NEW DOMESTIC TERMINAL SHORT -TERM CAR PARK Architect: Ned Kahn & Urban Art Projects (UAP) Location: Brisbane, Australia
Ned Kahn is famously known for his artworks, which incorporate with the use of natural elements such as wind and light. Together with Urban Art Project (UAP), they designed a 5000Sq m Kinetic facade for the new Domestic Terminal short-term car park in Brisbane. It was a project to convert Brisbane’s new Domestic Terminal short-term multi-level car park in to an eight-storey kinetic public art piece. “ Viewed from the exterior, Kahn’s proven concept for one side of the car park will appear to ripple and move due to the wind passing behind 250,000 aluminum panels. Inside the car park, intricate patterns of light and shadow will be projected onto the walls and floor as sunlight passes through the kinetic facade” EOI: This intricate and unique design project inspired me to collaborate this design approach in relation to my ideas for the Gateway project. The unique facade design allows it to reveal the ever-changing patterns of the wind. Moreover, beside standing out due to its facade design, it also has many environmental benefits such as providing ventilation and shade for the interior of the car park. The multi- usage of this design allows the structure, to not only appear different, but also serves as a purpose for the environment.
1.2.1.4.
ASSEMBLY METHODS
Airspace Tokyo: The experimental model was fabricated in Melbourne University fab lab, through laser cutting the patterns on the Perspex. The design of the model focuses on the patterns that my group had come up with from the use of Voronoi Tessellation. BANQ Restaurant: Similar to the Airspace Tokyo model, the model of the BANQ restaurant was fabricated through laser cutting on the cardboard. Unlike the previous model, this model required an additional support to hold all the individual layers together. As shown in the pictures, an extra horizontal strip was created to achieve this task.
INSPIRED BY
AIRSPACE TOKYO
INSPIRED BY
BANQ RESTURANT BOSTON
1.2.2.
CONCLUSION RESEARCH PROJECT
At this section of the journal, a clearer and more solid foundation of knowledge had being gained. There is a better understanding in relation to applying the software programmes with our design intention of my group’s initial ideas of the design, which need to be submitted for the Wyndham City Gateway Project. For the past few weeks, the skills and knowledge that I had learn through the process are applicable to the design brief given for the Gateway Project. Parametric modelling is utilized in this context, as it allows us to create a unique structure that represents the city through its form.
1.3.
CONCLUSION EXPRESSION OF INTEREST:
COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
ARGUMENT
WYNDHAM CITY
Cultural Bridging: Wydnham city is one of the fastest growing city in Victoria, and as estimated, its population will increase to a total number of 120,000 dwellings in 2031. Unlike the surrounding cities, Wydnham has being experiencing a consistent increase of foreign migrants, of different races and backgrounds, who have since settled here since 2006. This had led to a new development of a new culture diversity in Wyhdham, which became one of the main characteristic of the city.Wydnham city is seeking to design an eye-catching and exciting gateway along the Princes Highway to promote this unique aspects of a mufti-cultural aspects of theirs. Through the years, Wyndham has been working to re-establish a new image through its aesthetics. This re-establishment project provides Wyndham an opportunity to create a new impression of the city, for the locals as well as the visitors travelling on the Princes highway every day. Our primary goal of this project is to mark Wyndham, itself, as a gateway through creating a design promoting the idea of cultural bridging. This bridging of culture diversity will serve, transcendentally, as a medium to exhibit to the public - the cultural changes occurred in the past years. There is a considerable amount of population movement occurring on the highway each day - traveling from one location to another along the highway. Our group distinguished this population representation as an important information to express Wyndham’s existing status - the Constance change in culture. The development of a culture is an extension of two different cultures that are being bridged, allowing people from different cultural backgrounds to explore the differences in their views and ways of operating. Lastly, by merging our design intentions back to the context of the site, we will be looking into the structural systems and the statistics provided of the area to develop further on the scope of depth of our design. We believe that these explorations of the abstract movement and relating it to the idea of culture of Wydham in the various forms will serve as a representation of Wydham’s progress towards a diverse culture in the future.
1.4.
INTERIM
LEARNING OBJECTIVES & OUTCOMES
The main concept that my group is going to focus on, in relation to Wyndham City Gateway Project, is population. However, based on the feedback that we were given form the critics, we needed to finalize our design ideas and focus more in-depth in the design concept of population in Wyndham City.
PROJECT PROPOSAL
PART ll OF JOURNAL
11.1
INTERPRETATION
OF PROJECT
BACKGROUND
Wyndham city is a vibrant and growing city. In fact, it has experienced the largest and fastest growth among the areas managed by the local Victorian local government. It is predicted that an estimation of 245,000 number of people will be living there by 2021 (Wyndham website). Unlike others, Wyndham city is incredibly diverse. Besides having a strong industrial and technology district, it also consists of many major retail precincts, vegetation growing areas and even a tourist destination - featuring an Open Range Zoo (Wyndham website).
population
WYNDHAM CITY
As forecasted (in general), there had been a rapid growth in the no. of population, since 2000. It is estimated that there might be a total of 350, 000 in population in 2031.
350,000 300,000 250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000 50, 000 0 2006
2011
2016
2021
2026
no of population in wyndham forcast year ( ending june 30)
total (& estimated) no. of population
2031
MIGRATION
WYNDHAM CITY
Based on (Melbourne statistical division): 2006 – 2.6% 2005 – 3.8% 2004 – 3.5% 2003 – 3.0% 2002 – 2.4% 2001 – 2.4% *Overall, 56.7% of the overseas born population arrived before 1991, and 18.0% arrived during or after 2001, compared with 60.0% and 17.7% respectively for the Melbourne Statistical Division.
transporation
WYNDHAM CITY
MODE OF TRANSPORATION: the statistics given are the comparison between 2001 & 2006.
70
92 1,5
TR
AIN
BUS
35,812
CAR
CULTURE
WYNDHAM CITY
Different culture groups in Wyndham: Non-English speaking Vs Main English speaking: Non-English speaking – 6, 789 Main English Speaking -2, 212 Different culture groups in Wyndham - Country of Birth Top 10 overseas birthplaces ranked (persons): UK – 666 NZ- 1094 Philippines- 876 Italy- -78 Malta -127 Vietnam – 267 Sri Lanka -234 Malaysia – 183 Former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia – 147
LOCAL AUSTRALIAN
25%
SUDAN NEW ZEALAND BURMA CHILE INDIA RUSSIA CHINA ENGLAND
75% DIFFERENT CULTURE GROUPS IN WYNDHAM
sun orientation
WYNDHAM CITY
The orientation of the sun affect many factors of our design such as the site location of the model and the pattern of th shadow casted at different time of the day. Moreover, majority of the audiences will be experiencing the design twice - when they enter Wyndham and when they leave Geelong. Thus, this factor placed a significant elements in our design project.
TR A TO VELL ING WY CIT NDHA Y M
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11.2
DELIVERY OF PROJECT
This section of the journal relates more specifically to the Wyndham City Gateway Project. It illustrates the entire progression of the previously discussed ideas of the project into a fullyfledged design proposal for the Gateway project. Moreover, it covers the documentation of the outcome of the project done by my group. As stated by the brief, the Gateway Project needed to respond to the Wyndham city and reflected this influence accordingly. Our design – Cultural Bridging, draws inspiration from the existing and on-going population growth in Wyndham City, focusing specifically on the subject of Culture. Our group chose the idea of culture for our design as a symbolic reference to the fact that Wyndham is one of the current cities in Melbourne that attracts a huge amount of foreign migration.
A short description of ‘Cultural Bridging’: - It’s a 6.2m (in height) by 47m (in length). - Its main objective is to create a short and fun EXPERIENCE for the audiences driving pass the design, whether he or she is driving within or outside the tunnel. -The experience is further enhanced by the shadow casted at different time of the day. - It’s an abstract design that illustrated the population growth through exterior wave-like shape of the design and ….
Our group felt that our design- Cultural Bridging brings out the uniqueness of Wyndham. Yet, the design still responses to the design brief given, in an accurate and creative approach, while fulfilling our own personal design objectives.
01 1:100 site plan WYNDHAM CITY
‘Cultural bridging’ is situated along the intersection between the Princes Highway East Bound (travelling towards the city) and the Service Road (travelling towards Wydnham city). Spanning across the corner of both site A and C and over the intersection point at Site B, the design is measured to be approximately 13M in width. As mentioned before in our design objective, my group wanted the audiences to literally experience our design intention of the idea of population, focusing mainly in the culture growth of Wydnham City for the past years since 2006. Thus, we decided to place our model at current location that we have shown in the 1:100 site plan, with many supporting reasons behind it.
Reasons for its location: - For the audiences travelling through the design: We want the group of drivers travelling towards the city and Wyndham from Geelong to be the main target audiences, who will be able to experience our design. This allows the group of drivers travelling towards the city to be aware of Wyndham and might trigger them to travel to Wyndham, in the near future. Drivers travelling towards Wyndham will also have another different experience as compared to those travelling to the city. At the intersection point between the Princes Highway East Bound and the Service Road travelling towards Wyndham, the audiences travelling to Wyndham will be exposed to the environment faster. Those travelling to the city will have to drive through the remaining part of the tunnel, which will also eventually began to slowly ‘open up’, allowing more obvious sight of the surrounding. -For the audiences travelling past the design (travelling on Princes Highway West Bound): It is another different experience for drivers travelling past the design as they will engage and interpret the design differently as compared to when they are travelling within the design. We also want to target the drivers travelling towards Geelong as they will eventually travel out of the area, and directly interact with the design.
glavanized steel columns
02 MATERIALS WYNDHAM CITY
The main material used for the whole model is galvanized steel. The reasons behind it are due to the longevity of the material and the colour of the material will allow the model to stand out from the greenery around it.
glavanized steel panels - population growth ( width of the holes) - filter the amount of light entering and leaving
DIMENSIONS OF THE MODEL: LENGTH: 47M WIDTH: 13M HEIGHT: 6.2M
persepeective view
south elevation
03 construction methods WYNDHAM CITY
For our design, it is a model that is able to be constructed at the site. The procedure of the construction can be seen in the ‘design process’ which shows the different stages of the establishment. Our model is uniquely designed in a manner that it requires strong supporting systems to keep the model firm on the ground. After much consideration, my group decided to utilize the ‘Screwing pile system’ for the attachment of the columns, with the tension piling system’ to act as an extra supporting element. The panels placed between the columns act as connecting element.
i. ATTACHING OF COLUMNS
2. connection of panels
construction process
04 GENERATING IDEAS WYNDHAM CITY
With the Expression of Interest and search covered, my group began to further tial ideas – experience, growth, form, change our proposed design (as indicated in the first
background redevelop our iniand speed, of part of the EOI).
1. Experience: As stated, the existing design does not interact directly with the drivers travelling pass it every day. Thus, my group decided to develop our design based on the approach in engaging the drivers with the monument. This will allow the drivers to experience WITH the design, as they drive within it. 2. Growth: Population and culture growth are the two main design themes that my group is exploring in the entire project. 3. Form: The idea of form that we are looking into is the concept of developing an abstract design shape, which indirectly conveys our design objectives to our audience. 4. Change: The idea of change is really significant in our design project as it strongly illustrates and indicates the shift in the cultural growth in the development of Wyndham’s population. This is one of the main and most important ideas that our design need to convey to the audiences. 5. As the our our
Speed ( Short & Fast): found by the background researches, the sudden increase in foreign migration happened, in a short period of time. Thus, group wants to emphasize this short, drastic culture change in design through the experience that the audience will encounter.
05 EXPLORATION OF IDEAS
WYNDHAM CITY
After finalizing on the main objectives of our design, my group decided to experiment with the form of the design. Our initial design begins with a simple curved line which indicated the increase in the population growth (Refer to design 1). However, we wanted to further develop the idea and began to experiment with the form and shape of the design. We came up with 3 different design forms (Refer to Design 2, 3, 4), which we eventually finalized into one design form that we believed, strongly exhibit the ideas we are focusing on. our group wants to emphasize this short, drastic culture change in our design through the experience that the audience will encounter.
DIFFERENT CULTURE GROUPS INTO
ONE
MERGING
05.1
DESIGN ONE
WYNDHAM CITY
This design was inspired by the precedent – Biothing, which we had looked into for the EOI’s case study. We were experimenting with all the ideas that we were focusing on, and this design creates an illusion of movement. Conclusion: As mentioned, my group wanted the design to interact directly with the audience and we realized that this design does not allow us to do so. Moreover, the purpose of the design will not be shown if it’s just being hang over the highway.
05.2
DESIGN TWO
WYNDHAM CITY
After the first model, we decided to further develop our ideas through other different shapes, instead of wavy lines, to create a more interesting and unique form. In this design, we were inspired by the matrix combination that we had previously done – using surface normal to create an abstract form. My group decided to use hexagons after further research of the shape and its significance to our project. This ‘NET’ design creates an idea of longevity and continuity, which symbolized the consistence in the development of the city. Conclusion: My group decided not further develop on this idea as it does not significantly carry out our main design purposes. However, the use of hexagons was significant in which we decided to further explore on it.
05.3
DESIGN THREE
WYNDHAM CITY
Design 3- In this design, we were inspired by the idea of speed and movement. My group wanted to literally express these ideas to the audiences through the form of the model. Circles were the main shape that we used in this design. We decided to experiment with this shape as it represents the idea of unity. Conclusion: As compared to the representation and meaning of the shape – Hexagons, the idea of using circles as the main shape was abandon. However, in general, the form of the design was the most applicable to our design intention and objective of our final idea. Thus, my group decided to further develop on this design.
06 EVOLUATION OF CONSTRUCTION
WYNDHAM CITY
Step 1: We created a curve that we got from the actual highway.
Both Panels and beams are connected at this stage.
Step 2: We created arcs along the curve that we created, to build an enclosed tunnel-like space/ shape.We used the graft mapper in grasshopper to control the starting point of the design, and the length of each arc. This aids to create a sense of movement (similar to a rotating motion) and also provide a design intention of creating both enclosed and exposed space.
Step 3: We scaled each arcs using non-uniform factors to achieve a more dynamic geometric result, to provide a different spatial experience for the drivers.
Step 4 :We begin to assign perpendicular frames onto each arcs.
Step 5: We decided to use hexagon as the final shape of the panels. Moreover, the frames aid to act as a sun shading panels.
Step 6 :We begin to create openings within each of the hexagon panels –
which cater as filtering for sun. We also start to control the points on the model to create various opening variations which give us a dynamic design, while controlling the design outcomes.
panels & vertical beams merging WYNDHAM CITY
Firstly, we start to create tabs on both sides of the hexagon panels. Secondly, we utilized the Boolean operation to create holes on the vertical curved beams. As each of the beams are constructed differently, with some of the beams attached to the ground while others are overhanging, the hexagon panels act as a connecting element hold the beams and the panels together. The loads are, therefore, transferred horizontally to each specific beam that are connected to the ground and also aid to support the whole structure.
creating beams WYNDHAM CITY
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Repeat this step to create panels. Next, connect the graft mapper and the arc matrix to the first step shown above.
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07 physical prototypes of structural elements
WYNDHAM CITY
For our 1:50 construction model, we constructed the structural element with a piece of 2mm cardboard and used a number of screw drivers to show the connection system of how the panels are attached to the beams, through the bolting system.
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08 state of change (shadow) WYNDHAM CITY
Casting of shadow is one of the main design ideas that my group utilized to convey our design concept of culture diversity. As shown by the pictures, it exhibits the change in the shadows casted at different hours of the morning. Even though the change in the movement of the shadow is not obvious, the ‘breaking’ of the shadow is noticeable. The change in shadow relates back to one of our design idea of allowing the audiences to literally experience and enjoy the short and fast journey, travelling through the design- tunnel.
11.3
PRESENTATION OF PROJECT
The following pages will illustrate various pictures of the model: -Close up picture of the model – showing how the columns and panels are connected. -A Montage of a car travelling within the design -A Montage of a perspective view from the exterior. -Various pictures illustrated the model -A picture to exhibit the texture of the model -Various pictures that focus on the design of the panels. -Various pictures that focus on the design of the columns.
11.4
CONCLUSION OF PROJECT PROPOSAL
This marks the end of the Wyndham City Gateway Project proposal and the design process of the entire semester of the subject. As shown in the design process, my group had built and established a strong understanding of parametric design. This can be shown by the researches that document the preceding stages of the journal, in which aids to contribute to our final model. Cultural Bridging aids to show the various qualities of Wyndham City, exhibiting the idea of its being one of the fastest growing city in Melbourne. As illustrated in the project proposal, it strongly show the various stages that my group had done , in order to achieve the end results in both the design and the model done. It also reflects my level of comprehension of the use of parametric modelling and relating it back to my own design. Now that the project proposal section is completed, it is time for us to reflect and conclude the whole course – critically analysing how it had contributed and affected us.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES & LEARNING OUTCOMES: FINAL PART lll OF JOURNAL
111.1
CONCLUSION PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Before taking on this subject, I had no deep understanding of the idea of parametric modelling. All I understood from my past readings and experiences were that it is a new approach in architectural design that is greatly involved with numerous software that help to create designs that were presume to be “impossible to be build�. Thus, at the beginning of the course, this subject was a total different learning ground for me as I had no basic knowledge of it to begin with.
111.1
CONCLUSION LEARNING OBJECTIVE
In general, there were many various learning objectives that were being brought forward in this subject. The main task of this course were mostly focused on the need of solving a parametric problem , that required a certain degree of understanding of the software programmes required – Rhino and Grasshopper, to come to an ideal solution. As stated in the weekly task, one of the main learning objectives of this course is to allow the students to gain a certain degree of proficiency in producing a parametrically driven solution, while comprehending the design concepts behind it. However, as majority of the students were still new to the use of the programmes and the idea of parametric modelling, we were required to cope with the understanding of the Gateway project while adjusting our understanding of the project.
111.2
CONCLUSION LEARNING PROGRESS
At the start of this subject (and the following eight weeks of the semester), we were being taught on the basic gist of the programmes – Rhino and Grasshopper, such as simple Rhino usage and common Grasshopper operations. As most of us were not familiar with it, we had to master the skills and knowledge of the programmes for the later part of the course – the introduction of the Gateway Project. Once we had slowly understood how to operate the various programmes, we began to create functions in matrix form within Grasshopper. These functions as shown in the earlier part of the journal made us realized the connection with our ideas for our final project. Towards the final project, the main part of the learning process was to apply
the content that was being taught in the previous weeks. It is to create a parametric solution, which response to the design brief provided by the Wyndham City Council for the Gateway Project. For the final model, we came into a conclusion with a solution that we felt meet most of the design requirements we proposed, based on the design brief. However, based on the feedback from the final presentation, the critics explained that our design concept – Cultural Bridging, did not correlate with the design model and the parametric approach that we worked on. We comprehended that as we progressed in our design, our ideas and techniques changed. This is a common issue that many young designers encounter in their early stages of their learning process.
111.3
CONCLUSION LEARNING OUTCOMES
The learning outcomes of the were mentioned before. subject were numerous. How- The intentions were comprehend ever, each outcome brings for- and met by my group, as seen in ward a different set of results. my design process. However, the design outcome of my The main learning outcome of group was not as ideal as exthis subject is the new –found pected. Yet, the objectives understanding of the con- are still useful to a large excepts parametric design as well tent in regards to the skills as using software to realise and knowledge obtained from this understanding. Success- this course will still be able ful design and presentation of to be employed for future use. our final project is evidence However, as encouraged of this, in addition to realis- by my tutors, they exing another learning outcome plained that despite encoun in itself as the final project, tering an unsuccessful design as the name suggests, was outcome, the design approachthe result of many hours of es that we used can still be well taught out design work further explored if we are to re-develop on our model again. In conclusion, the learn- Yet, the tools that we deing outcomes relates back to ployed are extensible and can the learning objectives that be employed in many other were mentioned before. to architectural conthe learning objectives that texts with similar results.
111.4
CONCLUSION FUTURE WORK
Parametric Modelling is one of the new upcoming architectural design approaches used in today’s world. It is, indeed, a powerful tool that contributes greatly to the architecture field. In the coming years, I believe that the basic skills and knowledge I had gained through this course will be of great assistance to other future professional projects that I will work on. With no basic proficiency to this new design technique at the beginning, my understanding of it had gained to a higher level. In general, parametric modelling is certainly a very inventive resolution to a design issue, particularly designs that seems impossible to be constructed. Nonetheless, this design procedure is only appropriate for a set of design tools that are applied to applicable design problems.
REFERENCES ARCHITECTURE
Richard Williams, ‘Architecture and Visual Culture’, in Exploring Visual Culture : Definitions, Concepts, Contexts, ed. by Matthew Rampley (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2005), pp. 102 - 16. Yehuda E. Kalay, Architecture’s New Media : Principles, Theories, and Methods of Computer-Aided Design (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2004), pp. 5 - 25; Kolarevic, Branko, Architecture in the Digital Age: Design and Manufacturing (New York; London: Spon Press, 2003), pp. 3 - 62. Burry, Mark (2011). Scripting Cultures: Architectural Design and Programming (Chichester: Wiley), pp. 8 - 71. THE NEW DANCE AND MUSIC CENTER:http://www.designboom.com/ weblog/cat/9/view/10918/zaha-hadiddance-and-music-center-the-hague. html BEIJING NATIONAL STADIUM:http://www.worldstadiums. com/stadium_menu/architecture/stadium_design/beijing_national.shtml MARINA BAY SANDS: msafdie.com/#/news
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