Kultura-Atrakcije-Legende 2014

KULTURA - ATRAKCIJE - LEGENDE Culture - Attractions - Leggends

Kultura - Atrakcije - Legende | Culture - Attractions - Legends

N e p r o la z na l j e p o t a B a r a i n j e g o v i h o bala

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Kad raskrilite kartu područja Bara ukazaće vam se slika zlatnog triptiha u kojem su intarzirani najljepši dragulji prirode, ali i ljudskih tvorevina. Taj pro­ stor od 505 km2 prirodne površine, toliko je bogat u svemu što traži savremeni turizam, da mu se ne može naći premca. Bogat je, jer ga je priroda obdarila geografskim atributima posebno tražeći da iz svoje utrobe iznjedri ono što je najljepše, i da sve to preda ljudima na uživanje i korišćenje.

Cijelo ovo područje okruženo je vodenim površinama, pa se kopno prirodno ugnijezdilo između Jadranskog mora i Skadarskog jezera. Između ta dva vodena prostranstva uzdignuta je planina Rumija. Prema moru blago se pružaju ziratne površine sa dosta izvorske vode, polja koja donose bogate plodove mediteranske flore i poljoprivrednih kultura, dok je nešto oštriji i pri­ sojniji pad prostora prema Skadarskom jezeru, pogodan za stočarstvo, vinovu lozu, lov i ribolov.

Najljepše plaže stvarane su vremenom na uviru rijeka i potoka u more, pa tako imamo plaže drobnog pijeska i plaže nešto krupnijih granulacija. Atributi koje su sami posjetioci dali našoj obali dostižu kvalifikative u najljepšem značenju (Zlatna obala, Biserna obala, Crvena plaža, Val maslina itd.). Sunce, morska voda, toplo zračenje pješčanih plaža, čine onaj blagotvorni skup elemenata koji daju mora mediteranskog basena, koja su uvijek bila meta drevnim osvajačima, ali i osvajačima modernog doba - turistima. U zaleđu skoro svake plaže nikli su mali gradovi kuća za odmor, vila, hotela, restorana, što sve zajedno čini ambijent turističkog područja Bara upečatljivijim. Između staroga dijela grada i moderne luke, sa arhitekturom različitih stilova i mo­ dernih skverova, šetališta, širokih bulevara ukrašenih mediteranskim rasti­ njem, palmama, borovima, leandrima i agavama, smješten je Bar, novi grad koji se neprestano gradi i razvija.

Veliki ratovi u istoriji vodili su se zbog ljepote, kao Trojanski rat zbog čari lije­ pe Jelene. Istoričari nijesu nikada eksplicitno rekli, da su se veliki ratovi vodili i zbog ljepote prostora. Tako je i područje Bara bilo dugo vjekova na “karti pohlepe” raznih osvajača (Vizantijci, Mlečani, Turci...) koji su donosili i svoju vjeru i kulturu, a bili i graditelji ovog prostora, o čemu ima mnogo arheoloških i drugih značajnih spomenika.

Neprolazna ljepota barskog područja, njegovih obala, vodenih površina, blage klime, pješčanih plaža, mediteranskog bilja, kulturno-istorijskih spo­ menika, kulturno-zabavnih i sportskih manifestacija i sadržaja predstavljaju razloge da dođete, otkrijete sve te ljepote i uživate u njima.

Neda Ivanović, direktor TO Bar

E t e r nal b e a u t y o f t h e B a r a r e a an d i t s c o a s t When you open the map of Bar and its surroundings, you see spread in front of you a picture of a golden triptych which combines man’s creations with the most magnificient jewels of nature. This 505 km2 area is so abundant in everything re­ quired by modern tourism that no matter how hard one tries, an equally competi­ tive place cannot be found. It is very rich in terms of geographical attributes. Nature gave birth to a supremely beautiful place, a place so different and yet still the same, a gift for all to enjoy.

This entire area, surrounded by water, comfortably rests between the Adriatic Sea and Skadar Lake. The Rumija Mountain rises high up into the skies between these two watery giants. Here there are rich farming areas with many springs running down from the mountains to the sea, with fields abundant in Mediterranean flora and agriculture, whilst on the other side, which is steeper and sunnier, slopes down towards Skadar Lake and is perfect for raising cattle, for vineyards, and for hunting and fishing.

The seashore is at its most jagged where the land and water meet. The most beau­ tiful beaches are those where rivers and streams run into the sea. These pebble beaches were given names like Golden Beach, Pearl Beach, Red Beach, Wave of ol­ ives, etc., by visitors who once enjoyed their special beauty. The sun, seawater, and beauty of sandy beaches present a group of beneficial elements which characterise warm seas. These have not only been the target of the ancient conquerors, but also a target of modern conquerors, the tourists, as well! Surrounding these beaches are small towns with houses, villas, hotels and restaurants – such is the environment of the tourist area of Bar. Bar, which is situated between the old part of the town and the modern port, is a new town in the process of development, with different architectural styles and modern squares, promenades and wide boulevards with a variety of Mediterranean plants such as palms, pines, olenders, agaves ...

The cause of many wars in history was beauty (for ex. The Trojan War was made because of the beauty and charms of Helen). However, Historians have never claimed that any wars were caused by the beauty of nature. That is why the area of Bar was, for centuries, a destination on the map brought about by the greed of many conquerors (Byzantines, Venetians, Turks ...). They brought their religions and cultures with them and built this area. There are many varied archeological sites and other monuments which are proof to these historic events.

The eternal beauty of the Bar area, its beaches, waters, moderate climate, Mediter­ ranean plants, cultural and historical monuments, culture and entertainment are here for you to come and discover all the beauties of this place and to enjoy them.

Neda Ivanović, Director of Tourism Organisation Bar

Kultura - Atrakcije - Legende | Culture - Attractions - Legends

Bar

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Kultura - Atrakcije - Legende | Culture - Attractions - Legends

Istorija

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Bar je drevni grad. Malo je preciznih podataka o njegovim počecima. Da je na ovim prostorima bilo života još u praistorijsko, ilirsko, grčko i rim­ sko doba potvrđuju arheološki nalazi značajnog obima i kvaliteta: ostaci neolitskog materijala pronađenog prilikom kopanja bunara u naselju Čeluga, eneolitska sjekira iz Šušanja, Velja Mogila u Šušanju, tumulusi u selu Ravanj, razne vaze crnofiguralnog stila itd. Stara maslina na Mirovici predstavlja spomenik prirode koji svjedoči da je prije više od 2000 godina na ovim prostorima bilo organizovanih naselja i “preduzimljivih ruku”.

Porijeklo njegovog imena različito se tumači. Grčki naziv mu je Antiba­ reos, rimski Antibarum, slovensko ime - Bar. Burna i zanimljiva, “slavna” i nerijetko tragična istorija, svjedok je česte smjene osvajača i vladara. Početkom VII vijeka naseljavaju ga Sloveni. U IX vijeku bio je u rukama zetskih vladara koji su osnovali prvu slovensku državu na ovim prostorima. Prijestonica kneza Vladimira bila je u Krajini (Ostros). U IX i X vijeku pripadao je vizantijskoj temi Dirahion - Prevalis. Go­ dine 1042. oslobađa ga zetski vladar Vojislav, porazivši u čuvenoj “Barskoj bici” na padinama Rumije, golemu vizantijsku vojsku. Sin kneza Vojislava, Mihailo je 1077. godine ovdje krunisan za kralja, dobivši kraljevske oznake od pape. Njegov sin i nasljednik Bodin gospodari Barom (1082 - 1101.).

Upornim Bodinovim zalaganjem Barska biskupija 1089. godine dobija zvanje Nadbiskupije i tada Bar postaje crkveni centar Bodinove države.

Sredinom XI vijeka pripao je Duklji, a poslije, do 1183. godine opet ­Vizantiji, kada je sa ostalom Zetom ušao u sastav države Nemanjića. Pod vlašću dinastije Nemanjića bio je do 1360. godine. Za to vrijeme doživljava svoj najveći procvat. Imao je gradsku autonomiju, statut, grb i svoj novac.

Stevan Nemanja Prvovjenčani u biografiji svoga oca pominje “Slavni grad Bar” i to je prvi zapisani, slovenski, naziv grada. Šezdesetih godina XIV vijeka, Bar prihvata vrhovnu vlast Balšića, čija je porodica stvarala samostalnu teritoriju u oblasti Skadra. Jelena, Đurađeva udovica i Balša III Bar smatraju svojom prijestonicom.

Početkom XV vijeka, počinju vremena ratova i oblasnih gospodara. Bar prelazi iz ruku u ruke: od 1404. godine u rukama Mlečana, od 1412. go­ dine ponovo u rukama Balšića, od 1421. godine pod patronatom despota Stefana Lazarevića, a od 1427. godine pod patronatom despota Đurđa Brankovića - kada Bar ponovo biva prijestonica Zete.

Već 1443. godine, Mlečani konačno osvajaju grad sa priobalnim krajevi­ ma, oduzevši ga od Stefana Vukčića Kosače, da bi ga Turci osvojili 1571. godine. Pod turskom vlašću ostaje 307 godina, sve do 1878. godine, kada

Stari Bar

grad oslobađaju Crnogorci. Prilikom oslobađanja, Bar je prilično porušen.

Vremenom se veliki dio stanovništva seli uz samu obalu mora, gdje je početkom XX vijeka nastao prvo Pristan, a onda utemeljen novi grad.

Ministarski savjet Knjaževine Crne Gore 1908. godine donio je odluku da se novi grad čija je izgradnja upravo počinjala, nazove Bar. U Baru je u XII vijeku nastao čuveni “Ljetopis popa Dukljanina” ili “Barski ro­ doslov”, literarno-istorijski spis, najstariji dokument te vrste u kulturi Južnih Slovena. U njemu je izloženo narodno kazivanje i istorijske legende od dolaska Slovena do sredine XII vijeka, zadržavajući se najviše na prošlosti Duklje (Zete).

Bar is an ancient city. There is very little precise information on its origin. The claim that humans lived in this region in prehistoric, Illyrian, Greek and Roman times is confirmed by archaeological finds of significant scope and quality: remains of Neolithic material found during excavation of a well in the settle­ ment of Čeluga an Eneolithic axe from Šušanj, the Great Grave in Šušanj, a tumulus in the village of Ravanj, various vases featuring black figures, etc. The old olive tree at Mirovica is a monument of nature that has witnessed the ex­ istence of organised settlements and the hard-working people of this region for more than 2000 years.

Kultura - Atrakcije - Legende | Culture - Attractions - Legends

History

The origin of the town’s name is explained in different ways. Its Greek name was Antibareos, the Romans called it Antibarum and its Slavic name is Bar. Its turbulent, interesting, “glorious” and often tragic history bears witness to frequent changes in conquerors and rulers. At the beginning of 7th century AD, Slavs migrated to this region. In the 9th century, it was in the hands of the rulers of Zeta, who founded the first Slavic state on this territory; Duke Vladimir had his seat in Krajina, in the village of Ostros; and in the 9th and 10th centu­ ries Bar belonged to the Byzantine Empire.

In the year 1042 it was liberated by the ruler of Zeta, Vojislav, who defeated a huge Byzantine army in the famous “Battle of Bar” on the slopes of Mount Ru­ mija. The son of Duke Vojislav, Mihailo, was crowned king here in 1077, and he received a royal designation from the pope. His son and heir Bodin ruled Bar in the period 1082 - 1101. Through the persistent efforts of Bodin, the Diocese of Bar was elevated to an archdiocese in 1089 and that is when Bar became the religious centre of Bodin’s state. In the middle of the 11th century it became a part of Duklja (Doclea), and after that, until 1183, it was again under Byzan­ tine rule, when it was joined to the Nemanjić state, together with the rest of Zeta. It remained under the rule of the Nemanjić Dynasty until 1360. During that period it truly flourished. It had city autonomy, a statute, a coat of arms and its own money. Stevan Nemanja Prvovjenčani (the First-Crowned), in his biography about his father, mentions “the glorious city of Bar” and that is the first recorded Slavic name for the city.

During the 1360’s, Bar accepted the supreme power of the Balšić Dynasty, a family that created an independent territory in the area of Skadar (Shkodra).

Jelena, Đurađ’s widow, and Balša III considered Bar their capital. At the begin­ ning of the 15th century a time of wars and regional rulers started. Bar passed from hand to hand: from 1404 it was in the hands of the Venetians; in 1412 it fell again into the hands of the Balšić Dynasty; from 1421 it was under the pa­ tronage of Despot Stefan Lazarević; and from 1427 it was under the patronage of Despot Đurađ Branković, when Bar was again the capital of the state of Zeta.

In 1443, the Venetians conquered the city together with the coastal zone, tak­ ing it over from Stefan Vukčić Kosača and, in 1571 Bar was captured by the Ot­ toman Turks. It remained under Ottoman rule for 307 years, until 1878, when the Montenegrins freed the city. During the battles to liberate the city, Bar was largely destroyed. In that period the majority of the population moved close to the seashore, where the first sea port was founded at the beginning of the 20th century, and later a new city was built. In 1908, the Ministerial Council of the Principality of Montenegro passed a decision that the new city, on which construction had just been started, should be named Bar. In the 12th century in Bar, a famous literary and historical text, “The Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja” or “The Bar Genealogy” was written. This is the oldest document of its kind in South Slavic heritage. It records folk narratives and historical legends from the arrival of Slavs until the mid-12th century, mainly describing the history of Duklja (Zeta).

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Za š t i t n i k g r a d a B a r a SVETI ĐORĐE je bio srednjevjekovni zaštitnik grada Bara. Njemu je posvećena velika katedrala sagrađena u XII vijeku. Katedrala Sv. Đorđa bila je i krunidbena crkva dukljanskih vladara.

S ta r i B a r Stari Bar je najveća urbana aglomeracija u ruševinama u Crnoj Gori.

Nosilac je burne istorije i srednjevjekovnih civilizacija. Nalazi se na strmoj, sa tri strane nepristupačnoj litici, u podnožju planine Rumije.

Kultura - Atrakcije - Legende | Culture - Attractions - Legends

Odbrambeni položaj i izvor pitke vode, bili su najvažniji razlozi što se Stari Bar, za razliku od ostalih gradova na primorju, našao na oko 4 km udaljen od morske obale.

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Ovaj grad, čiji su građani živjeli od zanatstva, trgovine maslinovim uljem i solju, izgrađivan je sukcesivno tokom vjekova. Najstariji djelovi su na isturenom platou jedne hridi, gdje se nalazi kapija grada iz X-XI vijeka. Nedaleko odavde, izdvojena od naseljenog dijela, nalazi se Cita­ dela koja je imala isključivo odbrambeni karakter.

U gradu se i danas nalaze ostaci mnogobrojnih crkava različitih sti­ lova iz raznih perioda. Sačuvani su temelji romanogotske katedrale Sv. Đorđa iz XI vijeka, zatim dvije gotske crkve Sv. Katarine i Sv. Venerande, dok su iz turskog perioda barutana i amam.

Zapadni dio grada utvrđen je kasnije. Najprije u XIV vijeku, a zatim u doba venecijanske uprave u XVI vijeku. U ovom dijelu grada nalaze se ruševine crkve Sv. Nikole koju je podigla najvjerovatnije u XIII vijeku Jelena Anžujska, žena srpskog kralja Uroša.

Na malom raskrsnom trgu u centru grada, nalazi se dobro očuvana crkva posvećena Sv. Jovanu. Izvan grada, sjeverno od gornje tvrđave nalaze se dobro očuvani ostaci akvadukta iz XVI i XVII vijeka koji je dovodio vodu iz planine u grad.

Najnovijim arheološkim istraživanjima, otkrivena je keramika iz VIII-VI v. p.n.e. iz vremena kada je ovdje bilo ilirsko naselje, što svjedoči da su temelji Starog grada Bara, stariji od dva i po milenijuma.

Stari Bar

Protector of the Town of Bar St. George was the medieval protector of the town of Bar; a large cathedral, built in 12th century, was dedicated to him. The Cathedral of St. George was also the coronation church for the rulers of Duklja.

T h e Ol d T o w n o f B a r

Stari Bar

This city, whose citizens earned a living from crafts, olive oil and the salt trade, was successively built up over the centuries. The oldest parts are situ­ ated on a prominent plateau on a cliff, where the city gate from the 10th11th century is located. Not far from here, isolated from the residential part, is the Citadella, which had a purely defensive function.

Even today, there are remains of numerous churches of different styles and from different periods. The foundations of the Romanesque-Gothic Cathe­ dral of St. George from the 11th century have been preserved, along with the two Gothic churches of St. Katarina and St. Veneranda, while the gun­ powder factory and hammam (Turkish bath) originate from the Ottoman period.

The western part of the town was fortified later, first in the 14th century and then again, during Venetian rule in the 16th century. In this part of the town there are the remains of St. Nicholas’s Church, which was probably founded in the 13th century by Jelena d’Anjou, the wife of the Serbian King Uroš.

Situated on a small square at a crossroads in the city centre, there is a wellpreserved church dedicated to St. John. Outside the town, north of the up­ per fortress, there are well-preserved remains of an aqueduct from the 16th and 17th centuries, which supplied water from the mountain to the town.

Modern archaeological research, which has uncovered ceramics dating from the 8th-6th centuries B.C., the period when an Illyrian settlement used to be here, has proved that the foundations of the Old Town of Bar are more than two and a half millennia old.

Kultura - Atrakcije - Legende | Culture - Attractions - Legends

The Old Town of Bar is the largest urban agglomeration in ruins in Montene­ gro. It is witness to tumultuous historical events and medieval civilisations.

It is located on a large rock and protected by cliffs on three sides. Along the western side it is protected by ramparts. Its strategic position and sources of drinking water were the most important reasons that the Old Town of Bar, unlike other coastal cities, was built approximately 4 km away from the seashore.

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KU LTUR N O I ISTORIJSKO N A S L E Đ E Manastir PREČISTA KRAJINSKA Jedan je od najznačajnijih spomenika u Crnoj Gori. Ostaci manastira sa crkvom posvećenom Uspeniju Bogorodice, nalaze se u blizini mjesta Os­ tros, na obali Skadarskog jezera. Crkva se prvi put pominje krajem X vijeka, u Ljetopisu Popa Dukljanina. Manastir je osnovao knez Vladimir za koga je vezana legenda o njegovoj tragičnoj ljubavi sa lijepom Kosarom, kćerkom makedonskog cara Samuila. Manastir je jedno vrijeme bio sjedište Zetske mitropolije, da bi krajem XVI vijeka bio porušen. U njegovoj blizini, u mjestu Ostros, nalazi se bunar žive vode koji datira iz 1001. godine, a koji i danas snabdijeva stanovništvo okolnih sela pitkom vodom.

Kultura - Atrakcije - Legende | Culture - Attractions - Legends

Manastir BOGORODICE RATAČKE

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Ostaci benediktinskog samostana Bogorodice Ratačke iz XI vijeka. Nalazi se na morskoj obali na samom kraju rta Ratac, između Bara i Sutomora.

Sačinjavale su ga tri crkve, nekoliko zgrada zaštićenih odbrambenim zido­ vima i kulama. Od 1443. g. nalazio se pod mletačkom upravom. Turci su ga spalili i srušili 1571. godine.

Manastir STARČEVO Nalazi se na ostrvu Starčevo u Skadarskom jezeru. Datira iz doba Đurđa Balšića. Osnovao ga je otac Makarije 1377. godine, koji je kao isposnik živio na ostrvu, pa je po tome nazvan Starčevo. Kompleks manastira se sastoji od crkve Uspenja Bogorodice, zgrade konaka, pomoćnih obje­ kata i ogradnog zida sa kapijom i nekoliko podzidanih terasa. Manastir je bio centar pismenosti, gdje su prepisivani mnogi rukopisi i koričene i ukrašavane knjige. U ovom manastiru se nalazi grobnica štampara Božidara Vukovića Podgoričanina.

Rekonstrukcijom dijela konaka i stvaranjem uslova za život, Starčevo je sada naseljen i aktivan manastir na jezeru.

Manastir BEŠKA Nalazi se u središnjem dijelu istoimenog ostrva u Skadarskom jezeru.

Manastir se sastoji od dvije crkve: veće, posvećene Sv. Đorđu (14 v.) zadužbina Đurđa II Stracimirovića - Balšića i manje - posvećene Sv. Bogo­ rodici (1440). zadužbina Jelene Balšić.

Manastir Beška, kao i manastir Starčevo, bio je poznat po intenzivnoj prepisivačkoj djelatnosti. Tamo je nastao Gorički zbornik, vjersko - poučni rukopis, čiji je sastavljač Nikon Jerusalimac.

Manastir Prečista Krajinska Manastir Bogorodice Ratačke

C u lt u r al an d H i s t o r i cal H e r i t a g e The Monastery of the Virgin of Krajina) The Monastery of the Virgin of Krajina is one of the most significant monu­ ments in Montenegro. The ruins of the monastery with the church dedicated to the Assumption of the Mother of God, are located near Ostros, on the shores of Lake Skadar. The church was first mentioned at the end of the 10th century, in “The Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja”. The monastery was founded

by Duke Vladimir, well known from the legend about his tragic love for the beautiful Kosara, the daughter of the Macedonian Tsar Samuilo. For a while, the monastery was the residence of the Archbishop of Zeta. At the end of the 16th century, it was completely destroyed. In its vicinity, in the village of Ostros, there is a well from the year 1001, which is still used for supplying water to the inhabitants of local villages.

The ruins of the Benedictine Monastery of Our Lady of Ratac date from the 11th century. It is located on the coast at the end of the Cape Ratac between Bar and Sutomore. It consisted of three churches and several buildings pro­ tected by defence walls and towers. From 1443, it was under Venetian au­ thority. It was destroyed and burnt down by OttomanTurks in 1571.

STARČEVO Monastery

Manastir Beška

Starčevo Monastery is located on the island of Starčevo on Lake Skadar. It dates from the period of Đurađ Balšić. It was founded in 1377 by Father Makarije, who lived as an ascetic on the island, so it was called Starčevo (The Old Man’s Monastery) after him. The monastery complex consists of the Church of the Assumption of the Mother of God, an accommodation building, supporting structures and a surrounding wall with a gate and several underpinned ter­ races. The monastery was a centre of literacy, where many manuscripts were copied and many books were bound and illuminated. The tomb of the printer Božidar Vuković from Podgorica is located in this monastery. After reconstruc­ tion of part of the accommodation building and since making it fit for dwelling, Starčevo has become an inhabited and functioning monastery.

BEŠKA Monastery

Manastir Starčevo

This monastery is located in the middle of the island of Beška on Lake Ska­ dar. The monastery consists of two churches: a larger one, dedicated to St. George (14th century), the endowment of Đurađ II Stracimirović-Balšić and a smaller one dedicated to the Holy Mother of God (1440), the endowment of Jelena Balšić.

Beška Monastery, like Starčevo Monastery, was famous for its intensive tran­ scription activities. The Gorica Anthology was written in this monastery. It is a religious, edifying transcript composed by Nikon Jerusalimac.

Kultura - Atrakcije - Legende | Culture - Attractions - Legends

The Monastery of our lady OF RATAC

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Manastir MORAČNIK Nalazi se na istoimenom ostrvu u Skadarskom jezeru. Prvi put se pominje 1417. godine, u povelji Balše III. Manastirski kompleks su sačinjavale crkva posvećena Sv. Bogorodici, zgrada konaka, trpezarija i visoka kula sa četiri sprata, ograđena kamenim zidom sa monumentalnom kapijom.

Manastir GORNJI BRČELI Manastir se nalazi u selu Brčeli, po kojem i nosi ime. Osnovao ga je početkom XVIII vijeka Vladika Danilo, kao svoju zimsku rezidenciju.

U okviru manastira se nalazi crkva posvećena Pokrovu Bogorodice i u njoj ikonostas, rad Petra Čolanovića iz 1928. godine.

Kultura - Atrakcije - Legende | Culture - Attractions - Legends

Manastirske zgrade i crkva su opasane visokim kamenim zidom sa glavnom kapijom na južnoj strani. Na zidu, uz kapiju, sa njene istočne strane, podignut je jednodjelni zvonik na preslicu.

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Zgrada starog konaka, formirana je kao tipična crmnička kuća sa karakterističnim voltovima i terasom.

Pri manastiru je 1863. godine osnovana škola, koja je kasnije preseljena u obližnji manastir Donji Brčeli.

Manastir Moračnik

Manastir DONJI BRČELI Nalazi se u istoimenom selu, sa crkvom posvećenom Sv. Nikoli. Manastir je podignut u XV vijeku.

Ispod poda hrama izgrađena je zasvođena prostorija u koju se ulazi kroz otvor formiran u podu oltarskog prostora. Vjeruje se da je ova prostorija u vrijeme Šćepana Malog, služila kao tamnica. Kasnije je u ovoj crkvi ubijen i sahranjen Šćepan Mali.

U ovom manastiru radila je škola koja je preseljena iz manastira Gornji Brčeli.

MANASTIR ORAHOVO Nalazi se u istoimenom selu udaljenom dva km od Virpazara. Njegov nasta­nak se vezuje za XV-XVI vijek. Sastoji se od dvije crkve i konaka.

Crkva Sv. Nikole je iznutra živopisna, a zidana je od pravilno tesanog ka­ mena, slaganog u horizontalne redove.

Manastir Gornji Brčeli

Manastir Orahovo

MORAČNIK Monastery This monastery is located on the island of Moračnik on Lake Skadar. It was first mentioned in 1417, in the Charter of Balša III. The monastery complex consists of a church dedicated to the Holy Mother of God, an accommodation building, dining room and high tower with four floors, surrounded by a stone wall with a monumental gate.

GORNJI BRČELI Monastery The monastery is located in the village of Brčeli, which was named after the monastery. It was founded at the beginning of the 18th century by Bishop Danilo, as his winter residence.

Within the monastery there is a church dedicated to the Shroud of the Mother of God with an iconostasis, the work of Petar Čolanović that dates from 1928.

This building is located in the eponymous village two kilometres from Virpa­ zar. Its development occured during the 15th and 16th centuries. It consists of two churches and an accommodation building.

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The monastery building and church are encompassed by a high stone wall with the main gate on the southern side. A flat belfry with a spinning-wheel mechanism was built into the wall beside the gate, on its eastern side.

The Church of St Nicholas was painted with frescoes inside and characterised by dressed stone blocks, laid in horizontal rows.

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The old accommodation building was constructed like typical houses in Crmnica, with distinctive arched doorways and terraces.

In 1863, a school was established within the monastery, which was later moved to the adjacent monastery of Donji Brčeli.

DONJI BRČELI Monastery This monastery is located in the village of Donji Brčeli, with a church dedi­ cated to St. Nicholas. The monastery was constructed in the 15th century.

An arched room was constructed under the floor of the chapel and you can enter it through a hole made in the floor of the altar area. It is believed that this room was used as a dungeon during the reign of Šćepan Mali. Later, when Šćepan Mali was murdered, he was buried in this church.

Within the monastery was a school, which had previously been in Gornji Brčeli Monastery.

The Monastery of ORAHOVO

Manastir Donji Brčeli

BARSKI TRIKONHOS Podizanje ove crkvene građevine vezuje se za period Justinijanove epohe (VI vijek). Očuvani zidovi građevine dosežu visinu do 1 m.

Prilikom istraživačkih radova na crkvi, pronađeni su fragmenti dekorativne kamene plastike i nekropola.

Crkva Sv. TEKLE Sazidana je od lomljenog kamena u XIII vijeku. Prvobitno je bila pravo­ slavna, da bi poslije unijaćenja dobila i drugi, katolički oltar.

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Ova crkva i danas ima dva oltara, a posjećuju je i na njenom groblju se sahranjuju pripadnici obije vjeroispovijesti.

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Crkva Sv. NIKOLE (katolička) U njoj je smještena Barska nadbiskupija, koja je osnovana 1089. godi­ ne, što je potvrdio Papa Klement III, šaljući Palij (ogrtač), Arhiepiskopu ­dukljanske stolice.

Potčinio mu je tri episkopije (u čijem sastavu su bili Bar, Kotor, Ulcinj, Svač, Skadar, Drivostu, Pilot), a zatim i države Srbiju, Bosnu i Travuniju.

Barski nadbiskup ima titulu Primas srpski (Primas Serbiae).

Crkva Sv. NIKOLE (pravoslavna) Pravoslavna crkva Sv. Nikole u Podgradu ispod Starog Bara podignuta je u XIX v. kao trobrodna bazilika sa kupolom. Zidovi crkve su sa spoljne strane zidani od finog tesanika crvenog krečnjaka.

Džamija OMERBAŠIĆA Nalazi se u Starom Baru. Sagrađena je 1662 godine. Jednostavno građena, pravougaone osnove, sa minaretom prizidanim uz jugozapadni zid.

Pored džamije na ulazu u kompleks, sagrađeno je početkom XVII vijeka Derviš-Hasanovo turbe. Uz njega je prizidana manja, prizemna zgrada, koja je služila kao stambeni objekat.

Pored ulaza je izgrađena i javna česma, a kasnije i džamijska kuća nami­ jenjena za boravak hodže ili imama.

Cijeli prostor je ograđen kamenim zidom.

Barski trikonhos Crkva Sv. Tekle

Crkva Sv. Nikole (katolička)

Triconch of the Town of Bar The establishment of this church is related to the period of Justinian’s reign (6th century). The height of the preserved church walls amounts to one me­ tre. While carrying out research on the church, fragments of decorative stone mouldings and a necropolis were found.

St. Tekla’s Church This church was constructed from broken stone in the 13th century. At first it was an Orthodox church, while later, after becoming a Uniate church (an Orthodox church in communion with the Roman Catholic church), it was also provided with another, Roman Catholic, altar.

St. Nicholas’s Church (Roman Catholic) The Archbishopric of the City of Bar is situated in this church. The archbish­ opric was founded in 1089, which was confirmed by Pope Clement III by sending the Pallium (a wollen band symbolising the pope’s authority) to the Archbishop of Duklja. Thus, three bishoprics were subjugated to his power (comprising Bar, Kotor, Ulcinj, Svač, Skadar, Drivostu, Pilot), as well as the countries of Serbia, Bosnia and Travunia.

The archbishop was given the title of Primas Serbiae.

Crkva Sv. Nikole (pravoslavna)

Džamija Omarbašića

St. Nicholas’s Church (Orthodox) The Orthodox Church of St. Nicholas in Podgrad under Bar Old Town was built in the 19th century as a triple-nave basilica with a dome.

The outer walls of the church were built of fine cut red limestone.

Omerbašić’s Mosque Omerbašić’s Mosque is located in the Old Town of Bar. It was constructed in 1662. Its structure is rather simple, with a rectangular base, and a minaret built next to the south-western wall.

At the beginning of the 17th century, Derviš Hasan’s domed burial site was built beside the mosque, at the entrance to the complex. A smaller groundfloor building was built next to it and was used as a residential building. A public fountain was constructed near the entrance and later, the house of the mosque for an imam was built as well. The whole area is surrounded by a stone wall.

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This church has two altars even today. It is visited by people of both confes­ sions and people of both confessions are buried in its graveyard.

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Haj-Nehaj Ostaci srednjevjekovnog grada Nehaja podignutog u XV vijeku nalaze se na udaljenosti od oko 10 km, sjeverozapadno od Bara na nepristupačnom brdu iznad mora na nadmorskoj visini 225 m. Prvi put se pominje 1542. godine, a gradili su ga Mlečani, zbog odbrane. U samom gradu nalazi se crkva Sv. Dimitrija iz XIII vijeka sa dva oltara (pravoslavni i katolički), starija od samog utvrđenja.

Tvrđava Besac Tvrđava Besac se nalazi u Virpazaru na uzvišenju sa kog se pruža predivan pogled na Skadarsko jezero i Crmničko polje. Podigli su je Turci krajem XV vijeka, a početkom XVIII Besac zauzimaju Crnogorci, kada je pretrpio znatna oštećenja. Cjelokupan kompleks tvrđave zidan je lomljenim ka­ menom u krečnom malteru.

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Tvrđava Grmožur

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Tvrđava Grmožur se nalazi na istoimenom ostrvu u Skadarskom jezeru.

Tvr­đa­vu su podigli Turci 1839. g., a Crnogorci su je oslobodili 1846-1848.

Kasnije je korišćen kao tamnica.

Početkom XX vijeka stradao je u zemljo‑tresu.

Dvorac kralja Nikole Izgrađen je 1885. godine, na samoj morskoj obali. Sagradio ga je kralj Nikola svojoj kćerki knjeginji Zorki i zetu knjazu Petru Karađorđeviću. ­Sastoji se od velikog dvorca, malog dvorca, kapele, stražarnica i zimske bašte. Godine 1910. dozidana je i prostrana balska dvorana. U sklopu dvorca nalazi se i park sa velikim brojem mediteranskog rastinja (između ostalog i plutino drvo).

Pred dvorcem je bio izgrađen i veliki drveni gat, koji je služio za prista­ janje brodova i jahti. U periodu od 1866. do 1916. godine kralj Nikola je imao deset jahti. Jednu od njih, “Sibil” kupio je od romanopisca Žil Verna, a njegova posljednja jahta “Rumija” potopljena je 1915. godine na mjestu današnjeg lučkog akvatorijuma od strane austro-ugarske. Ovdje je i veliki cvjećarnik posebnog oblika nerđajuće konstrukcije, poklon italijanskog kralja Emanuela, koji danas služi kao ugostiteljski objekat “Knjaževa bašta”.

Danas se dvorski kompleks objekata koristi kao Zavičajni muzej Bara.

Raspolaže sa etnološkom, arheološkom i prirodnjačkom zbirkom, kao i memorijalom kralja Nikole. U njemu je smještena i koncertna, b­ alska dvorana, atraktivna za razne stvaralačke izraze (izložbe, koncerte, književne večeri...)

Grmožur

Haj-Nehaj

Haj-Nehaj The ruins of the medieval town of Nehaj, founded in the 15th century, are located 10 km north-west of the town of Bar. They are located on an inacces­ sible hill 225 metres above sea level. It was first mentioned in 1542 and it was built by the Venetians for defence purposes. The Church of St. Demetrius’s, with two altars (Orthodox and Roman Catholic), which dates from the 13th century and is older than the fortification itself, is located in the town.

Besac Fortress Besac Fortress is situated in Virpazar on a hill with a beautiful view of Lake Skadar and Crmnica Plain. It was built by Ottoman Turks at the end of the 15th century, and in the early 18th century Besac was occupied by the Mon­ tenegrins, when it underwent substantial damage. The entire fortress com­ plex is characterised by dressed stone blocks dipped in lime mortar.

Dvorac kralja Nikole Tvrđava Besac

King Nikola’s Palace (Castle) This Building was built in 1885 on the seashore. The palace was a present from King Nikola to his daughter Princess Zorka and his son-in-law Prince Petar Karađorđević. It consisted of a large palace, a smaller palace, a chapel, guardhouses and a winter garden. In 1910 a spacious ballroom was built in the palace. As part of the palace, there is a park with many different species of Mediterranean vegetation, among them a cork tree. In front of the palace, there was a wooden pier, which served as a mooring for boats and yachts.

During the period between 1866. and 1916. King Nikola owned ten yachts.

One of them, named “Sibil” was bought from the novelist Jules Verne, while the last yacht he bought, called “Rumija” was sunk in 1915 by the AustroHungarian navy in the area of today’s harbour.

Here, one can also find a large orangery, made of a stainless steel structure with an interesting shape, which was given as a present by the Italian king, Emanuel, and which is nowadays used as a restaurant called “Knjaževa bašta” (“The Duke’s Garden”).

Nowadays, the palace building complex houses as the Homeland Museum of the City of Bar, and is used as well for festivals (concerts, exhibitions and literary events).

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Grmozur Fortress Grmozur Fortress is located on the island of the same name, on Lake Skadar.

The fortress was built by the Ottoman Turks in 1839 and liberated by the Montenegrins in 1846-1848. Later on it was used as a dungeon. In the early twentieth century it was destroyed in an earthquake.

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A TR A K C IJE Stara maslina na Mirovici Stara maslina na Mirovici predstavlja spomenik prirode koji je zakonom zaštićen 1963. godine. Stara je preko 2.000 godina i smatra se najstarijim stablom u Evropi. Obim stabla je 10m.

Legenda govori da su se oko masline održavali skupovi zavađenih poro­ dica, na kojima bi dolazilo do njihovog pomirenja.

Maslinjaci

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Područje Bara poznato je po maslinovim stablima čiji je broj preko sto­ tinu hiljada maslina, a većina njih je stara preko hiljadu godina. Zanimljivo je kazivanje o barskim maslinjacima - nijedan mladić nije mogao da se oženi, ako prethodno ne zasadi određeni broj maslinovih mladica.

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U Starom Baru je, pored čuvenih starih mlinova, još 1927. godine posto­ jala “uljara braće Marić” gdje se dnevno prerađivalo i do 20 tona maslina i proizvodilo poznato barsko ulje, koje se izvozilo u Ameriku, Francusku i Njemačku.

Akvadukt Akvadukt se nalazi sa sjeverne strane Starog Bara. Izgrađen je u vrijeme Turaka (XVII vijek) i služio je da se u grad dovede voda sa izvorišta udalje­ nog oko 3 km. Konstrukcija se sastoji od 17 većih lukova različitih raspona, koji se oslanjaju na isto toliki broj masivnih stubova. Na gornjoj površini akvadukta formiran je kanal u koji su postavljene međusobno pove­ zane keramičke cijevi (prečnika oko 12 cm i dužine 30 cm). Građen je od lomlje­nog i grubo tesanog kamena.

Sličan mostu, predstavlja impozantan spomenik, jedini te vrste u Crnoj Gori. Akvadukt je obnovljen poslije zemljotresa 1979. godine pa se i danas može staviti u funkciju.

Hidroarheološki lokalitet Bigovica Hidroarheološki lokalitet Bigovica nalazi se u neposrednoj blizini barske luke. Riječ je o prirodnoj uvali koja je od III v. p.n.e. do XVI v. n.e. korišćena kao zimsko pristanište, jer je zaštićena od sjeverozapadnog vjetra (bure) i djelimično od južnog vjetra. Na ovom lokalitetu potvrđeni su ostaci antičkog brodoloma iz IV vijeka kao i nalazište mnogobrojnih ostataka amfora i drugog arheološkog materijala koji sežu do XVI vijeka.

Akvadukt

Stara Maslina

L o cal a t t r ac t i o n s The old olive tree at Mirovica The old olive tree at Mirovica is a monument of nature, which has been pro­ tected by law since 1963. The olive tree is over 2,000 years old and it is consid­ ered to be the oldest tree in Europe. The trunk volume is 10m3.

According to legend, meetings of quarrelling families were held around the olive tree, where they would reconcile their differences.

Olive groves

Back in 1927, in addition to the famous old mills, there was the “Marić Broth­ ers Oil Factory” in Old Bar, where up to 20 tonnes of olives were refined daily and where the famous ’Bar oil’, which used to be exported to America, France and Germany, was produced.

Aqueduct The aqueduct is located on the northern side of the Old Town of Bar. It was constructed during the period of Ottoman rule (17th century) and it served to supply water from a spring 3 km away to the town. The structure consists of 17 larger arches of different spans, which are supported by 17 massive pillars. The channel is formed on the upper surface of the aqueduct, where joined stoneware pipes are placed (each 12 cm in diameter and 30 cm long).

It was constructed of broken and roughly hewn stone.

Similar to a bridge, it is an impressive monument and is the only one of its kind in Montenegro. The aqueduct was reconstructed after an earthquake in 1979, so it can even be used today.

Marine-archaeological site of Bigovica

Maslinjak

The marine-archaeological site of Bigovica is located in the vicinity of the Port of Bar. It is a natural cove, which was used as a winter harbour from the 3rd century B.C. to the 16th century A.D., since it is protected ships from the north-westerly storm winds and gave partial protection from the southerly winds. Ruins of an ancient shipwreck from the 4th century were found in this location, as well as archaeological finds of numerous amphora fragments and other archaeological material that date from the 17th century.

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The Bar area is well known for its olive trees which number over a hundred thousand, most of which are over a thousand years old. One tale about the Bar olive groves is quite interesting – no young man was allowed to get mar­ ried if he had not previously planted a certain number of olive shoots.

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Selo Gornja Brca Specifična arhitektonsko ambijentalna lokacija sa divnim kamenim kula­ ma sa voltovima, u kojima se prožimaju materijali kamen, drvo i gvožđe udaljena je nekoliko stotina metara od sutomorske plaže.

Ovo mjesto je bilo toliko privlačno da su u njemu još u XVIII vijeku dola­ zile da ljetuju mletačke kontese. Danas su prekrasne palate u Gornjoj Brci napuštene i zaboravljene.

Manastir Ribnjak

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Manastir Ribnjak nalazi se u selu Zupci. Na mjestu današnjeg manasti­ ra Ribnjak postojali su ostaci crkve koju je, po legendi, podigla Jelena Anžujska Nemanjić. Manastir sačinjavaju: crkva posvećena Sv. Vasiliju Ostroškom, krstionica i konak. Gornja crkva iznad manastira Ribnjak, na brdu Gradac, posvećena je Časnom krstu, a podignuta je nakon borbi za oslobođenje 1877-78.

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Priča se da je kralj Nikola ovdje dolazio da bi pratio “operacije za oslobođenje Bara”. Crkvu koja se nalazi na brdu podigli su dva serdara i jedan senator Kneževine Crne Gore krajem XIX i početkom XX vijeka kao zavjet, posle oslobodilačkih ratova.

Višegodišnja tradicija odlaska na Ribnjak na dan Sv. Vasilija Ostroškog 12. maja, interesantna je i za brojne turiste.

Gornja Brca Manastir Ribnjak

Crkva Sv. Toma Crkva Sv. Toma u Limljanima je jednobrodna crkva koja datira iz XV-XVI v.

Jedinstvena je po tome što je, po lokalnom predanju, 1896. godine, kada je nakon 40-odnevne kiše proradilo klizište koje je odnijelo mnoge kuće, a stijena na kojoj se nalazila crkva i groblje sletjela niz padinu. Crkva je ostala u istom stanju kao i prije katastrofe, ali je dobila novi smjer: jugois­ tok – sjeverozapad.

Minare Ali-age Hasećije Sagrađeno je 1819. godine, a oštećeno u požaru 1912. godine i u bro­ jnim zemljotresima. Visoko je 22 m, izgrađeno od fino tesanog kamena.

Temeljna restauracija urađena je 2005. godine.

Predstavlja jedan od najznačajnijih spomenika orijentalnog graditeljstva na prostoru Crne Gore.

The village of Gornja Brca This village is significant for both its unique architecture and peaceful loca­ tion, with beautiful stone towers with arches made from various materials: stone, wood and iron. It is only a few hundred metres from Sutomore beach.

This place is so attractive, that even Venetian countesses in the 18th century spent their summer vacation there. Nowadays, the magnificent palaces in Gornja Brca have been neglected and left to decay.

Ribnjak Monastery Ribnjak Monastery is located in the village of Zupci. The remains of the church, which was, according to legend, founded by Jelena Anžujska d’Anjou Nemanjić, were found at the location of the current Ribnjak Monastery. The monastery consists of the church dedicated to St. Basil of Ostrog, a baptistry and an accommodation building. The upper church, located above Ribnjak Monastery, on the Gradac Hill is dedicated to the Holy Cross.

Crkva Sv. Toma

Minare Ali-age Hasećije

This was built in 1819 and damaged by fire in 1912 as well as by numerous earthquakes. It is 22 metres high and is made of finely hewn stone. It was completely restored in 2005.

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It was constructed after battles for liberation between 1877 and 1878. It is said that King Nikola used to come here in order to follow “operations for the liberation of Bar”. The church, which is located on the hill, was built by two sirdars (field marshals) and a senator of the Principality of Montenegro, at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th, as a legacy of the liberation wars.

The minaret is one of the most significant monuments of middle-eastern architecture in Montenegro.

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The long tradition of going to Ribnjak on St. Basil of Ostrog’s Day on May 12th, is very interesting for many tourists.

The Church of St. Thomas The Church of St. Thomas in Limljani is a single-nave church built in the 15th and 16th centuries. It is unique since according to a local legend, in 1896, when after 40 days of rain a landslide wrecked many houses, the rock on which the church was built and the cemetery slid down the slope. The church itself was left intact after the disaster, but its orientation changed to the direction southeast-northwest.

Ali-Aga Hasećija’s Minaret

Skadarsko jezero

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Najveće na Balkanskom poluostrvu. Nalazi se na jugoistoku Crne Gore u kotlini koju od mora odvaja planina Rumija. Dužina jezera iznosi 50 km, a širina 14 km. Površina mu nije uvijek ista. U proljeće i jesen kada nivo vode poraste površina je oko 500 km2, dok je ljeti pri niskom vodostaju površina oko 350 km2. Na jezeru je i granica sa Albanijom. Crnoj Gori pri­ pada 63,2% površine. Obala je razuđena sa brojnim zalivima i živopisnim ribarskim naseljima. Na jezeru se nalazi veliki broj ostrva popularno nazva­ nih gorice. Nedaleko od Virpazara prema Krajini nalazi se veliki broj uvala sa pješčanim plažama od kojih je najpoznatija plaža Murići duga 560 m.

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Jezero predstavlja poseban eko-sistem sa velikim procentom močvarnih zona. Ljeti jezero izgleda kao ogromna zelena livada sa mnoštvom ras­ cvjetalih lokvanja i drugom barskom vegetacijom. U jezeru živi preko 52 vrste riba (šaran, ukljeva, jegulja...) i poznato je po raznovrsnosti ptica koje žive oko jezera (280 vrsta). Neke od njih su ugrožene vrste (pelikan, orao, čaplja, gnjurac, šljuka). Predstavlja poznato lovište. Iznad jezera se nalazi vidikovac sa kojeg se pruža jedinstven pogled na panoramu jezera sa pjeskovitim plažama, kestenovim šumama i razbacanim ostrvima.

Brodićima se organizuju izleti - krstarenja Skadarskim jezerom. Bogata flora i fauna, kulturno-istorijski spomenici, živopisna naselja, kao i prilika da se probaju domaći specijaliteti: šaran, ukljeva, loza, čuveno crmničko vino “vranac” predstavljaju poseban doživljaj. Osobenost je i “kasoronja”, biljka sa jestivim plodom, koje ima samo na Jezeru.

Selo Godinje Selo Godinje nalazi se u Crmnici, kraju čija je tradicija gajenja vinove loze i proizvodnje čuvenog crmničkog vina duža od 500 godina. Danas je Go­ dinje jedna od najočuvanijih ruralnih cjelina od istorijskog značaja. Prvi pisani podaci vezani za Godinje datiraju još iz XIII vijeka, a u selu još po­ stoje tragovi boravka dinastije Balšica iz XV vijeka. Dominira tradicionalna arhitektura, kamene kuće s voltovima i konobama, kao i objekti tipični za nekadašnji način života, kao što su guvna i mlinovi.

Kuće su zbijene i čine kompaktnu cjelinu koja podsjeća na srednjevje­ kovna utvrđena naselja, sa puškarnicama na zidovima, debelim i do jednog metra. Sada su prilagođene modernim uslovima života, ali su u najvećem dijelu sačuvale stari oblik i spoljašnji izgled i prava su poslastica za zaljubljenike u tradicionalnu arhitekturu, netaknutu prirodu i degusta­ tore vrhunskog crmničkog vina.

Selo Godinje

Lake Skadar

The lake is a unique ecosystem with a high percentage of marshland zones.

In the summer, the lake looks like a huge green meadow with numerous blossoming water lilies and other types of sedge vegetation. The lake is in­ habited by over 52 subspecies of fish (e.g. carp, bleak and eels) and it is well known for the variety of birds that live in the surroundings (280 subspecies).

Some of them are rare (e.g. pelicans, eagles, herons, grebes and woodcocks).

The lake is a well-known hunting resort. Above the lake, there is an obser­ vation point that gives a wonderful view of the lake panorama, along with sandy beaches, chestnut forests and dispersed islands.

Skadarsko jezero Skadarsko jezero

There are boat tours and cruises organised on Lake Skadar. The rich flora and fauna, cultural and historical monuments, picturesque settlements as well as the opportunity to taste local specialties such as carp and bleak, grappa (pomace brandy) and Crmnica’s famous wine, altogether represent a special experience. A unique feature is also “kasoronja”, a plant with edible seeds re­ lated to the water chestnut, native only to this lake.

The village of Godinje The village of Godinje is located in Crmnica, an area with a tradition of grape growing and the production of a famous wine for more than 500 years. Now­ adays, Godinje is one of the best preserved rural entities of historical impor­ tance. The first written data regarding Godinje dates from the 13th century, while in the village, traces of the Balšić Dynasty, which lived during the 15th century, can still be found. Traditional architecture, stone houses with arched doorways and inns, as well as structures that are typical of the former way of life, such as threshing floors and mills, are prevalent here.

Houses are built close together and form a compact unit that resembles medieval fortified settlements, with one metre-thick arrow-slits in the walls.

Nowadays, they have been adapted to modern living conditions, but their old shape and external appearance have mostly been preserved. They are a real delight for people interested in traditional architecture, wild nature and for connoisseurs of high-quality wine from Crmnica.

Kultura - Atrakcije - Legende | Culture - Attractions - Legends

The largest lake in the Balkans. It is located in the south-east of Montenegro in a basin separated from the sea by Mount Rumija. The lake is 50 km long and 14 km wide, but its surface area varies. In the spring and autumn, when the water level rises, it is approximately 500 km2 large, while in the summer, with a low water level, the area decreases to approximately 350 km2. The border with Albania goes across the lake. Some 63.2% of the lake falls inside Mon­ tenegrin territory. The shore is jagged, with numerous coves and colourful fishing settlements. The lake has a number of islands popularly called “little mounts”. Not far from Virpazar, towards Krajina, there are a number of coves with sandy beaches, of which the best known is Murići Beach, 560 m long.

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Virpazar Naselje podignuto na ušću rijeka Crmnice i Orahovštice. Prvi put se po­ minje 1242. g. u povelji kralja Vladislava. Bilo je važan trgovački centar. Od 1888. g. povezan je kolskim putem sa Barom, a od 1908.g. i željezničkom prugom uskog kolosjeka. Virpazar je jedna od prvih poštanskih stanica u Crnoj Gori. U tom periodu je imao preko 20 trgovačkih i zanatskih ­radnji.

Na uzvišenju nad Virpazarom nalaze se ostaci tvrđave Besac, koju su sa­ gradili Turci. U njegovoj blizini je mjesto Mijele, gdje je prilikom iskopa­ vanja nađena velika praistorijska ilirska nekropola s grobnicama pokrive­ nim velikim kamenim pločama.

Kultura - Atrakcije - Legende | Culture - Attractions - Legends

Poznato izletište i tranzitna stanica za krstarenje po Skadarskom jezeru i posjetu kulturno istorijskim spomenicima, manastirima i utvrđenjima skoncentrisanim na živopisnim ostrvima nazvanim gorice.

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Virpazar A settlement built in the delta of the rivers Crmnica and Orahovštice. It was first mentioned in 1242, in the Charter of King Vladislav. The settlement was an important trade centre. Since 1888 it has been connected to Bar by a local road and, since 1908, by a narrow-gauge railway. Virpazar was one of the first post office stations in Montenegro. At that time, it had over 20 trade and craft stores. High above Virpazar there are the ramparts of Besac Fortress, built by the Ottomans. In the vicinity, there is a place called Mijele, where excavations have revealed a large prehistoric Illyrian necropolis with tombs covered with large stone slabs.

A famous excursion site and setting-off spot when enjoying a cruise on Lake Skadar and visiting cultural and historical monuments, monasteries and forti­ fications concentrated on the picturesque islands called “little mounts”.

Kultura - Atrakcije - Legende | Culture - Attractions - Legends

Virpazar

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L EGE N DE

Kultura - Atrakcije - Legende | Culture - Attractions - Legends

Legenda o Vladimiru i Kosari

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Vladimirov krst čuva se u bratstvu Androvića kao najveća relikvija. Svake godine, na dan Sv. Trojice, krst se iznosi na vrh Rumije na mjesto gdje se, po predanju, nalazila crkva. U narodu postoji običaj da učesnici proce­ sije ponesu sa sobom po jedan kamen, jer po predanju crkva će se sama obno­viti kada bude dovoljno kamenja. Učesnici procesije su pripadnici sve tri vjeroispovijesti. Nakon rušenja crkve Sv. Marije u Krajini pronađen je krst, koji se već vjekovima nalazi u posjedu bratstva Andrović. Krst je vi­ sine 45 cm, širine 38 cm, debljine 2,5 cm, napravljen je od drveta, a spolja okovan pozlaćenim listovima. Mjesto gdje se čuva znaju dva najstarija člana porodice.

Krst je vezan za dukljanskog kneza Vladimira (980 - 1016. g.) čija se pre­ stonica nalazila u Krajini (Ostrosu). U ratu sa makedonskim carem Samu­ ilom 997. g, knez Vladimir je zarobljen i odveden u tamnicu u Prespi. U ­lijepog dukljanskog kneza zaljubila se ćerka cara Samuila, Teodora (Ko­ sara), koji joj se učini “slađi od meda i saća” i kaza ocu da će skočiti u jezero ako je ne da za Vladimira. Ubrzo su se vjenčali i živjeli u dvorcu, nedaleko od manastira Prečista krajinska na Skadarskom jezeru. Cara Samuila nakon smrti nasleđuje Vladislav, koji ubrzo poziva kneza Vladimira da ga posjeti u Prespu, kao znak da mu se ništa neće dogoditi, šalje mu zlatni krst. Znajući da je Vladislav prevrtljiv, knez Vladimir zatraži da mu pošalje drveni krst, jer “na njemu je Spasitelj razapet”. Vladislav uputi tri monaha sa drvenim ­krstom, ali čim je Vladimir došao u Prespu, bio je ubijen na vratima crkve.

U trenutku pogubljenja imao je drveni krst u rukama, sa kojim je i sahra­ njen u Prespi. Vladimirova žena Kosara je njegovo tijelo prenijela u man­ astir Prečista krajinska, zamonašila se i poslije smrti po svojoj želji sahra­ njena je pokraj Kneza. Knez Vladimir je proglašen za sveca.

Legenda o vilama, vilinim parama i vilinoj pećni Legenda o vilama, vilinim parama i vilinoj pećini, vezana je za lokalitet Asprice, na padinama Sutormana, u kamenitoj, vodom i šumom boga­ toj gori iznad Bara. Vile su živjele svuda po planinama, a njihovo pravo sjedište bila je jedna pećina, koja se po njima i zove Vilina pećina - vrlo nepristupačna, u stijeni ispod sutormanskog vrha Lonac (1004m n/v).

Po narodnom predanju nikada niko nije uspio ući u tu pećinu osim Iva Dragišića iz Limljana (u XIX. v.)

Po njegovom kazivanju potomcima, kada se spustio u pećinu pomoću konopaca pričvršćenih za stabla, u prvom dijelu pećine nalazila se

L EGE N DS Vladimir’s cross is kept by the Andrović Brotherhood, which considers it its most important relic. Each year, on Trinity Day, the cross is carried to the peak of Mt. Rumija, to the place where, according to tradition, the church was located. It is believed that the people who take part in the procession should take one stone with them, since, according to the tale, the church will revive by itself after enough stones have been collected. Orthodox belivers, Roman Catholic and Muslims alike take part in the procession. After St. Mary’s Church in Kra­ jina was demolished, the cross was found and has been kept by the Andrović Brotherhood for centuries. The cross, 45cm tall, 38cm wide and 2.5cm thick, was made of wood, and plated with gold leaf on the outside. The place where the cross is kept is known only to the two oldest members of the Andrović family.

The story about the cross is linked to the Duke of Duklja, Vladimir (980-1016) whose capital was in Krajina (Ostros). In the war with the Macedonian tsar in 997, Duke Vladimir was captured and taken to the dungeon in Prespa. The daughter of Tsar Samuilo, Teodora (known as Kosara) fell in love with the hand­ some Duke of Duklja. He seemed to her “sweeter than honey and honeycomb” and she told her father that she would drown herself in the lake unless she married Vladimir. Very soon they got married and lived in a palace, not far away from the monastery called the “Virgin of Krajina” on Lake Skadar. After Tsar Samuilo’s death, Vladislav became the successor to the throne and very soon invited Duke Vladimir to visit him in Prespa. As a token that he would not be harmed, he sent him a golden cross. Knowing how cunning Vladislav was, Duke Vladimir asked him to send a wooden cross, since the “Redeemer was cruci­ fied on one”. Vladislav sent three monks with a wooden cross, but as soon as Vladimir arrived at Prespa, he was murdered at the church door. At the moment of his murder, in his hands he was holding a wooden cross, which was buried with him in Prespa. Vladimir’s wife Kosara took his body to the Virgin of Krajina Monastery. She took her vows as nun and, in accordance with her wishes, was buried beside the duke. Duke Vladimir was declared a saint.

The legend of fairies, fairy coins and Fairy Cave The legend of fairies, fairy coins and the Fairy Cave relates to the area of Asprica, situated on the slopes of Sutorman, the mountain located above the city of Bar, abundant in stone, water and trees. Fairies used to live around the mountains, while their true residence was one cave, inaccessible, situated in the rock under one of the Sutorman’s peaks, Lonac (1,004 m), which was even named after the fairies – Fairy Cave. According to folklore, no one has ever managed to enter the cave except Ivo Dragišić from Limljani (in the 19th century).

According to the tale he told to his descendants, after he had climbed down into the cave by ropes fastened to tree trunks, he saw a round stone carved

Kultura - Atrakcije - Legende | Culture - Attractions - Legends

The legend of Vladimir and Kosara

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Kultura - Atrakcije - Legende | Culture - Attractions - Legends

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o­ krugla kamena klesana trpeza, kamene naćve i pribor za jelo, a u drugi dio pećine nije uspio, niti smio, ući jer su ga vile upozorile da to ne čini, kako ne bi prokletstvo palo na cijelo selo.

Legenda kaže, a stanovništvo prepričava s koljena na koljeno, da su lijepe i marljive vile rado pomagale osakaćenim, usamljenim i svim unesrećenim ljudima, završavajući noću poslove koje oni nijesu uspijevali ili umjeli obaviti. Vile su ljudima davale savjete, korile ih i tješile, nadgledale mno­ gobrojne sutormanske izvore i studence, svetile se i jasnim znacima upo­ zoravale nepoštene i neiskrene, drugovale sa čobanima i čuvale stoku.

Pripovjeda se da je jedne prilike, jedna vila, pri povratku od čovjeka koji je živio sam, a ona mu pomagala u pripremanju hrane, bila viđena od strane nekih mlađih seljana. Zbog toga su vile, koje po narodnom vjerovanju ne smiju biti viđene ljudskim okom, danju i među narodom, odlučile da na­ puste taj kraj i svoju pećinu. Vila koju su vidjeli tada je rekla: “Tako nam 365 sutormanskih izvora mi više ovdje, mjesta nemamo!” Ipak, nijesu htjele da ih narod tog kraja pamti po zlu nego po dobru. Odlazeći, za sobom su bacale viline pare, ostavivši u amanet da svakoga ko bude prolazio tim putem, a pronađe makar jednu vilinu paru, prati sreća u životu.

Nije lako uočiti i pronaći viline pare, a ni do sreće nije lako stići.

Pored neobičnog i nezaboravnog doživljaja, izazova da se pronađe po neka vilina para, svojevrsnog izleta u istoriju legende, lokalitet na ko­ jem se nalaze viline pare i vilina pećina je vrlo atraktivan, bogat brojnim vodotocima i izvorima koji liječe, sa vazduhom čiju vrijednost obogaćuju očuvane bukove i hrastove šume na Sutormanu.

Legenda o crmničkom granatu boje crnog vina Na lokalitetu sela Brijege u Crmnici, nalazi se skriveno od vremena i ljudskih pogleda, malo nalazište kristala boje vina - minerala granata.

Granati su veličine zrna bibera, imaju 16 ravni (faseta) sa satelitom, svaki je isti i pripada grupi spesarini. Po predanju, još u Starom vijeku u vri­ jeme berbe grožda, prvo istočeno mlado vino nosila je djevica u vrču i prosipala ga u šumi u znak zahvalnosti boginji zemlje. Djevojku koja je nosila vrč čuvenog vina na glavi, zatekla je noć na putu ka odredištu. Ni mjesečina joj nije mogla osvijetliti put i djevojka je zalutala. Našavši se u nepoznatom predjelu, punom tamnih sjenki, djevojka se od straha sledila, vrč se razbio, a na mjestu prosutog vina utroba zemlje je iznjedrila granate boje crnog vina. Dotadašnja tradicija je prekinuta, a stvorena je nova, da se kao amajlija plodnosti dobrog roda grožda, sakupljaju kristali granata i čuvaju u prvom natočenom vrču mladog vina.

The legend of Crmnica garnet, the colour of red wine Hidden from time and human eyes, in the village of Brijega in Crmnica, there is a small deposit of the mineral garnet whose crystals are the colour of red wine.

Garnets are the size of pepper corns and have 16 facets. They are all identical and belong to the group of minerals called spessartines. According to tradition, in the ancient world, during the period of grape-gathering, the first pouring of wine was carried by a virgin in a jug. She would spill it in the woods, in token of gratitude to the goddess of the Earth. A girl carrying the jug with the famous wine on her head was once caught at night time on her way to the destination.

Not even the moonlight could help her find her way and the girl got lost. Find­ ing herself in an unknown area full of dark shadows, the girl became paralysed with fear and the jug fell and smashed; at the place where the wine was spilt, the earth’s depths delivered up garnets the colour of red wine. The former tradi­ tion was abandoned and a new one was created. According to the new one, garnet crystals are collected and kept in the first poured jug of wine, as a fertility amulet for a good grape harvest.

Izdavač: TURISTIČKA ORGANIZACIJA BAR | Urednik: NEDA IVANOVIĆ | Dizajn i grafička obrada: STEVO MARTINOVIĆ Prevod: PORTA APERTA | Fotografije: L. PEJOVIĆ, D. MILJANIĆ, I. GOJNIĆ | Realizacija: KRUG | Bar, januar 2014

Kultura - Atrakcije - Legende | Culture - Attractions - Legends

dining table, stone kneading tables and eating utensils in the first part of the cave. He could not enter the second part of the cave, nor was he allowed to, since the fairies had warned him that the whole village would be cursed if he did. According to legend and folk-tales hanted down from generation to gen­ eration, beautiful and diligent fairies gladly helped cripples, the lonely and all unfortunate people, by finishing work which they had not managed or did not know how to finish, during the night. Fairies used to advise people, reprimand and console them, watch over the many springs and wells of Sutorman, take re­ venge on and warn those who were dishonest and insincere. They were friends with shepherds and often helped them. It is said that once, one fairy, returning from a man who lived alone and whom she helped with cooking, was seen by some young villagers. For this reason the fairies, who according to tradition may not be seen by human eye during the day and among people, decided to leave this area and their cave. The fairy that was seen said: “I swear by the 365 springs of Sutorman, there is no place for us here any longer!” However, they did not want the people who lived in that area to remember them for evil, but only for good. At they left the mountain, they scattered fairy coins all around, grant­ ing anyone who passes that way and finds at least one fairy coin, fortune in life.

It is not easy to spot and find fairy coins, nor is it easy to find fortune in life.

Besides the unusual and unforgettable experience, the challenge of finding fairy coins and a unique trip to the history of the legend, the locality of fairy coins and the Fairy Cave is very attractive and rich in numerous streams, heal­ ing springs, and fresh air enriched by the preserved oak and beech forests on Mt Sutorman.

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TURISTIÄŒKA ORGANIZACIJA BAR Obala 13. jula bb, 85000 Bar, Montenegro tel/fax: +382 30 311 633; 311 969 E-mail: tobar@t-com.me; info@bar.travel Web: www.visitbar.org www.bar.travel

Evropska unija

The project is co-funded by the European Union, Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance. This publication has been produced with the financial assistance of the IPA Adriatic Cross-Border Cooperation Programme project TUR.GRATE2.

The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Local Turist Organization of Bar and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the IPA Adriatic Cross-Border Cooperation Programme Authorities.