Portfolio_Xinan Tan

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Portfolio

Tan Xinan // xt2257@columbia.edu // +1 (917)-373-6349

Guovdageaidnu village: urban design

Monument renovation: museum design

Standardize structure unit: library design

Reversed spaces: residence design

Student's activites: high school teaching building design

Water collection system: eco-hostel design

Light experiments and trailhead pavilion design

Air governance: borderland biostructure design

Long Line Building facade renovation workflow design

Content 01 10 04 05 09 02 07 06 03 08 4 140 50 64 132 20 94 80 34 116
Talk
Rethinking-BIM
Chessboard If Building Could
Isotope Let's Go!
Locus The Red Ritual Waterostel Dimension Governance
Back to Back: interactive installation design

Free Studio Seating

Nordstrom building facade renovation and detail drawings

Facade detailing Construction drawings

Optimization project on studio seating re-organization

Student dormitory drawings and design 2020-2023

Professional works

11 12 13 14 152 162 164
166

01

Chessboard

Guovdageaidnu village: urban design

2019 Europan 15 Competition

Site: Guovdageaidnu, Norway

Site area: 45.5km2

Personal research and design

Northern Europe has always been a mysterious area and rooted with plenty of urban issues due to the topographical and climatic situation. Sami people tends to leave their homeland reaching for better opportunities, and the rest of the local Sami are still struggling with the development of the towns and preservation of their husbandry tradition. Thus, the loss of population and the problem of productivity lead to a stagnant status of the area. How to develop and enhance the productivity, and meanwhile preserve the traditional husbandry is the main task in the development of Guovdageaidnu.

Using the basic combination of farmland and housing as a unit, furtherly develop into a new chessboard model that contains the potential of growing and mode-changing. A sustainable development program could be made according to the chessboard model, in order to bring back the dynamic of the town and using its traditional agriculture base to generate the economy growth.

In the project, buildings surround a common farmland for husbandry/ agriculture, which is autonomous by the residents themselves and as a part of the farmland network that improve the productivity in the whole village. The central farmland view is also penetrating into each of the building and create a dynamic collective community. Buildings are also surrounded by other public farmlands, which will turn into public square or park in the next phase according to the chessboard model

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Idle resources

According to the research from European Environment Agency, there are many HNV farmlands in the north Sapmi area, but due to topography and climate situation, only a few used arable land located on the southern part. Therefore large amount of useful resources is left empty and wasteful.

Husbandry Abisko (SE)

Husbandry+tourism

Tourism+industry

Tromso (NO)

3 stages of productivity in Sapmi town development

In the background of highly segregation, 3 stages of productivity are defined: the 1st stage is like Guovdageaidnu where only husbandry products are produced; the 2nd stage is like Abisko, where tourism and local agriculture tradition combines to create commercial benefits; the 3rd stage is like Tromso, a big city where its own industry and production line are able to produce economic profits and to reach autonomous development.

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Guovdageaidnu (NO)

Punctual farmland network

A solution in which housing surrounds farmland could be introduced and a network of farmland connecting with each other is established.

Farmland Public area Building coverage Farm-buidling ratio Building coverage Farm-buidling ratio 0 8191.5m2 6.4% 20% 0.56 1 2 3
town
provides productivity
of time and efficiency on transportation
husbandry products
residential area.
of farmland that
productivity
efficiency.
Productivity dilemma
There is only one farm in the center of the
that
for the whole village, therefore a huge waste
of
to the
A new network
supplements each other is needed to enhance the
and

Project program

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The general timeline and priority of development of the village 1 Housing 2 Housing+amenity 3 Housing+tourism 4 Housing+industry

Chessboard analogy

A surrounded figure/ground relationship is clear and obvious on the chessboard, and two main qualities could be defined in the chessboard model as followed.

The chessboard could regarded as a fractal pattern which could expand unlimited and form a high compatibility grid.

The chessboard model is variable in size and provide different shape of figure/ground relationship. Moreover, different levels of openness/function is compatible and could be applied to the model.

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pattern Combination Variated pattern Variation Fractals Different levels of function
Basic
1 Expansibility: fractal 2 Variability: compatible

Four basic elements

Four basic elements and their modules are shown on the left. The diagram on the right indicates the relationship between the elements, the further theory and model is developed basing on the relationship of elements.

square

The relationship between farmland and housing in which the farmland provides its own products to the residents and the residents take care of the farmland, is called internalized relationship. When combining with public square, a further level of relationship emerges in the diagram.

The relationship between farmland and public building (school, shop, tourist center, etc.), in which the farmland provides educational, economical and experiential products to the users and visitors, is called externalized relationship. Internalized relationship could be blent into externalized relationship to create a complex system.

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Farmland-housing-public
internalized relationship externalized relationship F-H-S stripes combination variation combination variation F-H stripes F-P stripes H-F-P stripes blending Farmland-public building-housing

Existing housing

Grid setting

Phase1.1: infrastructure

Position new farmland according to the location of the existing housing and adding new infrastructure (street)

Phase1.2: Repeat

Repeating same procedure as phase1.1

Phase2.1: functionalized

New building (housing+amenities) is built according to the new farmland (private), public-oriented farmland is also added along the street

Phase2.2: Repeat

Repeating same procedure as phase2.1

Phase3: Mode shifting

The private internalized farmland could transform into a externalized tourism based or economy based farmland that generate the renovation of the whole area.

All public farmlands shift into new public park as landscapes or squares.

Schematic methodology

A methodology is designed according to the program and the chessboard model, corresponding to the existing site. Simple modification and adjustment will be made according to the grid pattern.

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1 residences 2 warehouse 3 library 4 café 5 restaurant 6 hotel 7 gym 8 supermarket 9 tennis court 10 basketball court 11 cinema Masterplan 1:1000 5 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 3 4 5 7 6 8 9 11 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
A basic relationships between farmlands, park, public squares, public facilities and housings is salient on the masterplan.
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 4 4 5 5 6 7 7 5 8 8 8 8 10 2 2 1 15 35 85 185 m 1 1 1

Decomposition

The project is decomposed into three diagrams: figure, ground and connection. Each of the parts is further decomposed into more detailed components with simple descriptions and analysis.

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1 Figure: built Public building Housing clusters Amenities
Different sizes of public buildings radiate different areas of residences Existing car way on the site New pedestrian are set according to the chessboard grid Large area of open space transformed into public square
Various sizes of housing clusters between public buildings New amenities on phase 2 2 Ground: open space Phase 1: farmland Phase 2: park Phase 3: hard surface Hard surface 3 Connection Car way Pedestrian (snow trail)
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Details of 3 typologies

3 combination of different elements and their relationship, their mode shifting stages are represented in the diagram on the right.

Basic chessboard

Gym

fish pond

Continuous roof

Furthermore, to reach a certain accessibility, a part of the private property would become a public pedestrian. Therefore, a continuous cantilever roof system is created to enhance the privacy of the public pedestrian.

Initial phase

Greenery and public square which provides open space for the café are positioned between commerce and residences. The gym and café provide direct services to the swimming pool, which could be a fish pond in the initial stages of development.

Initial phase

An axis is position between the 2 commerce, create a park/square that formerly could be a large farm or reindeer husbandry center. Another development proposal of hotel and reindeer experience center is also feasible.

Initial phase

Residence-only type is designated as a private area in which the farmland in the middle is only for the residents on the 4 sides.

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reindeer
crops
Residence Residence Residence Residence Residence Restaurant+hotel+supermarket Farmland Farmland Greenery Warehouse Farmland Greenery Greenery Café Café Publicsquare Farmland Farmland 1 marginal commerce+residences 2 central commerce 3 Residences Stages of mode shifting
Continuous
husbandry
farmland landscape pond experience center private courtyard swimming pool park/square playground
Project extraction Figure/ground
roof system

Ground floor plan 1:600

Housings and public facilities interior organization and their surrounded relationship with farmland and other public open spaces

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18
Residential area surrounded by artic crops and plants in late fall First snow
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Public gym with swimming pool and attached café in summer time Mid-summer

Locus

02 Monument renovation: museum design

2018-2019 Fall History Design Studio

Site: Turin, Italy

Site area: 4006m2

Personal design based on academic studio

Rem Kolhass once said preservation is overtaking us, which emphasized the excessive unnecessary preservation undergoing in the global range. However, preservation, restoration and renovation are the three motors that drive the development of ancient cities. And Turin is exactly in the awkward position between modern renovation and historical preservation. Therefore a question is raised: how can we proceed new renovation on old structure without excessive meaningless preservation?

In order to find a solution, I picked one of the oldest monuments in Turin- Porta Palatina, as an example to study its history of preservation. Starting from a sensorial understanding of the monument's history in order to create a relationship of LOCUS that guides the following process. A series of rational research of value superposition and space formation matrix is made and developed into new language of space. According to the LOCUS relationship, a new museum is designed underground.

In the project, an "integrated" and "condensed" museum renovation was made underground against the monument, which forms two different central spaces that function separately as main circulative core and exit, between which are different types of spaces that stack together and form a complex holistic space.

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In Hugo’s Notre Dame de Paris, he dedicated a whole chapter discussing "Ceci tuera cela": this will kill that, which means a book was to kill an edifice, as after the printingpress, one no longer depended on the sculptures at the Cathedral and the words of the priests to understand the meaning of God’s Words. As books killed the function along the forms of a church, modern individual are below the clouds of humanly constructed ideologies, and modern architecture worships function over forms.

The LOCUS

Aldo Rossi mentioned LOCUS as a subtle relationship between objects and between components within the object itself. A preliminary understanding of different components and the site of monument is shown as a ring diagram, which indicates a condensation from volume to point, while the components' influential radiance changed from inward to outward. A preliminary proposal is made according to the LOCUS.

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Notre Dame de Paris- Ceci tuera cela

Timeline Historical components

Built in the 1st century during the Augustan Empire, Porta Palatina may predate the construction of the city wall. The gate turn into a Castrum in the 11th century

of an archaeological park 1724 1915 1957 2006

WWI: Restoration stopped and the monument was left in ruin state After the completion of the cleaning The archaeological park in urban context New excavation sponsored by the mayor 1.3 School 3.1 Base 3.2 Wall 4 Monument

V ittorio Emanuele abandoned the Porta Palatina as city gate, the monument lost its value and facing demolishment 1.2 Prison 2.3 Stucco round 2.4 Roman crown 2.5 Tower shaft

A stucco round was added for religious and apotropaic purpose

Rome 1904 1947 1968

Bombing of Turin. The surrounding was cleaned off 2.1 Gothic crown 2.2 Sealed windows 1511 1861 1933

Gate, Prison, School, Monument and Park

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WWII:
Idea
Ancient
Unification of Italy : Turin as the capital city. The prison was closed and changed into a music school The isolation of the monument was completed 1.1 Gate 1 External components 2 Internal components 3 Integrated components 4 Isolation components
This is a subjective sensorial view of the timeline and development of the monument. Several historical components are defined in order to generate the idea of LOCUS which mentioned by Aldo Rossi in the past.

Basic form Variation

Music school

Monument Square

Gate Prison

Two centralized spaces as entrance and exit circulation

Entrance and exit with a café

Temporary exhibition and museum store with ramp towards outdoor green space and staircase to the café above

The ticket office and the entrance of the sightseeing tour from the top of the tower, a ramp leads to the store above

Linear temporary exhibition space, ends with a glance-back experience staircase

Permanent exhibition space with a huge wall blocking, creating a surrounding circulation

A holistic huge free space with permanent exhibition and excavation

Space formation

Café
Temporary #-1.5 Sightseeing #-2 Temporary #-3 Permanent #-4 Permanent
space forms selected from the left page corresponding to each level of the project
Courtyard #0
#-1
The

-1/-1.5 Floor Plan 1:400

-1 floor (-3m) mainly serves as store attached to the museum on the right, with a small area of temporary exhibition in the middle, the two spaces are separated by a wooden partition. -1.5 floor (-4.5m) is a tour service for city sightseeing, which connects to the store with a ramp.

-2/-2.5 Floor Plan 1:400

-2 floor (-6m) is a linear snake shape temporary exhibition space. After walking down the staircase and crossing through the isolated bridge below this floor, visitors will go back to this floor and have a glance-back experience of the space they just went through.

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Temporary exhibition
Temporary exhibition Exit
Mezzanine Toilet Sightseeing
tour Ticket office Store Store
A A
A
A

Finishing mortar and paint 15mm Cast-in-place concrete slab 30mm

Waterproof membrane 5mm

ZTBRA acoustic-thermal insulation 100mm

Cast-in-place concrete slab 135mm

Prefabricated concrete slab 20mm

Vapor barrier 5mm

ZTBRA acoustic-thermal insulation 50mm Cast-in-place concrete with steel bar 250mm

Floor Wall Foundation

ZTBRA acoustic-thermal insulation 100mm

Waterproof membrane 5mm Cast-in-place concrete with steel bar 150-180mm

Ventilated/moisture release igloo 450mm Cast-in-place concrete slab 50mm

Detail 1:50

Section A-A 1:100

Exit central core and its surrounding corridors, ramps, exhibition spaces and store

Series of spaces

Different experiences of exhibition spaces inside the museum

Old and new

The relationship between the old monument and the new museum could be clearly seen in the physical model above

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Skylight yard

The central circulation space is illuminated by the skylight, creating a view of the sensation of spatial depth

Opaque yard

The exit is a cylinder core with ramps connected different floors, corresponding to the tower of the monument and creating a sense of weight.

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Stacking of history

A central open courtyard with daylight could be easily seen from the section, another courtyard space is hidden behind the ancient wall which serves as the exit. Between which are all the spaces from historical period stacking together and condensing the value of the site into this delicate museum.

The library

Singlestudyunit

03

Dimension

Standardized structure unit: library design

2018 Spring Future Library Competition Site: New York, US Site area: 1729m2

Personal research and design

Libraries are the warehouses of information and knowledge that transcend years even centuries, and also provide the services of studying and cultural activities. Tradition libraries always follow a certain form that generate from larger volume to smaller spatial divisions. The big-tosmall design methodology creates such problem as the efficiency and usage comfort of the space are ignored due to the general control in the beginning of the design process.

A reversed thinking of small-to-big methodology could largely take human activities and dimension into account and consider the basic human comfort and efficiency in space usage. Starting from reconstructing the actual scene of studying and its space using, a standardized units are created and combined together in a loop of relationship to build subtle atmosphere in library study and book (information) storage.

In the project, two separated area named Yellow (open) and Purple (closed) are blocked from each other and start to intertwine along with the rise of level, in which a loop of circulation is formed and an interesting experience of encounter and separation emerges throughout the development of the spaces.

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Three basic forms of library are chosen above. These traditional libraries follows a particular pattern as linear, circular or radiative, etc. that define the overall position of the bookshelves in entire library, therefore used spaces are the result of the bookshelves. This might lead to the lacking of consideration of human scale in the design process

Traditional library Schematic concept

The project is user-oriented instead of space-oriented, therefore users are divided into 4 categories shown in the matrix on the left: individual-open (IO), group-open (GO), individual-closed (IC), group-closed (GC). IC and GC users are encouraged to become GO users and get involved into a more sharing atmosphere, and break the distinct boundary among the 4 categories. Hereby, yellow is designated for open and dynamic atmosphere, purple is designated for closed and formal atmosphere

36
IO IO GO GO IC IC IC IC IC IC IC IC IC GC GC
Trinity College library
individual
relaxation leisure study concentration interaction sharing conference meeting show group open closed
Grand Palais Chanel Haute Couture State Library of Victoria Dublin, Ireland
Linear
Paris, France
Circular
Melbourne, Australia
Radiative

1 a trapezoid desk is more efficient than rectangle one 2 tendency towards one direction when retreating 3 reach for the bookshelf when standing up 4 minimum study space

Minimum study space

A series of process generating a high-efficiency use of space for studying in a library

The negative space is a pentagonal column-floor integrated structure of umbrella shape

- space + space - space and + space

The positive space is a pentagonal dome-like wall structure

Locating five - spaces in the corners of the + space, complementary spaces are formed: a 3D complex system is created

Variation of space units

A loop of relationship between different units is made to guide the further combination of different types of unit

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Closed/private Open/public Open+closed A Uniform B Tangent C Combination

A-B combination

passing through across Separation

passingacrossthroughprivatebufferspace stay semi-private A

B C

B-C combination

Passing through (A-B)+stay (A)

A A A A A A

B B

Semi-private (A & C) Visual connection

B B C C C C C

Passing through (B-C) Buffer space (B)+private (C) Semi-private(A)+open (B) Visual connection

C A-C combination

Isolation (A & C) Parallel isolated passing (A & C) Parallel visual passing (A & C)

The 1st loop

A loop of relationship between A, B and C units is made to guide the further combination. Each combination creates even more complex subtle spaces that could furtherly develop in 3D with -space and heights

Extraction of "walls"

Solid walls as continuous lines and bookshelves that could be seen mutually from different sides as dash lines

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When A,B and C become double-height units, together with -space and a new bridge, the attribute of A and C exchanged: A becomes a semi-private space and C becomes a private space. Also new complexes and atmosphere are created when combining a double-height unit and a single-height unit.

Semi-private double height space Semi-private+open double+single height Isolated visual open double+single height Private+semi-private double+single height Open double height space Private double height space A - A+B B - B+C C - C+A Variation in height
Ground floor plan 1:500 Hall A B A B Reception Reception Entrance Entrance Drop-off point Hall Meeting spaceSharing Classroom Computer lab
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open closed

(Yellow

individual group

Ground floor

The library is separated into two inaccessible parts, creating distinct atmosphere which do not penetrate to one another.

(Yellow

1st floor 2nd floor

The two parts could be visually seen but couldn't contact with each other physically, creating a subtle and vague feeling

3rd floor

The two parts finally meet at this floor, creating a merging and transitional atmosphere

Purple part goes to 3rd floor directly, which creates a past and miss feeling with Yellow part

4th floor

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The two parts are blent and mixed together, transforming closed atmosphere to open public feeling (Yellow (Yellow
Purple Purple Purple

Sharing space Ceremony hall Leisure point

Meeting

Café Café

Café

1st floor plan 1:500

Outdoor platform

2nd floor plan 1:500

Ceremony hall Conference /performance Service

Backstage

3rd floor plan 1:500

4th floor plan 1:500

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The circulation space is accessible through every floor. In Yellow, public sharing spaces are mainly in double/triple-height and are large open-oriented atmosphere spaces. Private spaces are for individual study and promote concentration and focus.

The transition spaces between on the ground floor, the without any connection, Purple tends to invade to create a vague and subtle upper floor, the two spaces

Yellow Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow/Purple Slice1 Slice2
Slice3 Slice4 Slice5
Entrance of
central courtyard
public space
private space
What's Yellow? Transition

#4

#3

#2

Entrance of Purple Purple private space Purple public space Purple courtyard Purple cultural space #1

The 2nd loop

Mutually isolated spaces ( yellow and purple ) create a complex loop in vertical circulation. 2nd floor could only be access through yellow space and purple space from 4th floor.

Perspective section

between Yellow and Purple: two spaces are isolated connection, while on the 1st floor, and tangle with Yellow subtle relationship. On the spaces are blending together.

What's

Purple?

In Purple , public spaces mostly are for conference and meeting, which orients towards a closed formal atmosphere. Private spaces are mainly for leisure and relaxation . There is a break in circulation from 1st to 3rd floor.

A medium size classroom, a double height salon and a large conference hall/stage is located on ground floor, 2nd and 4th floor. #0
Slice6 Slice7 Slice8 Slice9 Slice10 Open Dynamic Closed Formal

Section A-A 1:200

Yellow is designated for private individual study and public relaxation and leisure

Section B-B 1:200

Purple is designated for private meeting/lecture/cultural performance and public relaxation and leisure

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47 1 theatre 2 double-height meeting room 3/4 entrance 5 outdoor terrace 6 cafè Series of spaces 1 3 5 2 4 6

Partial Plan Section

Grand stairs

A double height stair space with a bookshelf in the middle is located on the 2nd floor, which creates a separated atmosphere of casual and formal, static and dynamic in each of the sides

48

Partial Plan Section

Book portico

The portico is located on the third floor. There are series of bookshelves embedded in the wall on the left side of the portico, while an open group study space is on the right side facing a triple height courtyard

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Isotope

Reversed spaces: residence design

2016-2017 Winter Site dwelling Competition

Site: Salir do Porto, Portugal Site area: 389.6m2

Personal research and design

When it comes to Southern Europe like Portugal, the atmosphere and relationship between oceans, beaches, mountains, cliffs, etc. are so subtle that living becomes more of an enjoyment and imagination. The project site is located on the cliffs of Salir do Porto, where the ruin of an ancient chapel sits on one side of the cliff. There is no more practical problem to be solved in this project, but to discuss in what way architecture could inspire imagination and enjoyment of living.

The starting point is still the ruin. Basic analysis of atmosphere is made concerning the site and the ruin, which further guided the decision of corresponding function. And to protect the ruin in its largest extent, the project mirrors the ruin completely to the other side of the cliff, given that the bay is symmetrical. A mimic and reverse of positive solid wall into negative circulation spaces creates a new sense of living develop from the ruin and inspires different interpretations and thinking of it on the other side. Therefore the project could be regarded as an isotope of the ruin.

In the project, the functional spaces of a residential housing are positioned around a central court yard which corresponds to the center chapel of the ancient ruin, indicating a sublime and variable feeling and relationship of different ambient. Walking inside "the wall" arouses the sensation of haziness between past and present, and therefore a picture of what lives were like in the past gradually emerges in mind.

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04

Scrovegni Chapel, Padova, Italy

The ruin of an ancient chapel Site plan 1:11250

Function assumption

Corresponding

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Entrance Entrance Grey
Transition
Entrance
Sublime
Central
Side
Compare the ruin with a similar chapel, an assumption of the function in its prosperous time is made. Combining with the surrounding site, the atmosphere of each space in the ruin could be revived according to the relationship between the ruin and the ocean, mountain and the city harbor. Side
space
Boundary
Buffer space Mountain Mountain City Harbour City Ocean Ocean
Various feeling Connection
living area Attachment Sub-space Serious Private Study Bathroom Chapel Chapel Altar Altar
chapel
chapel
Atmosphere
residential function

The new project is designated to reminisce history and inspire thinking and imagination, therefore a reversed and mirrored residence is located at the cliff on the other side of the bay. A subtle relationship of isotope is emerging between the residence and the ruin.

The 12th century Middle Age chapel Isotope: mirrored and reversed (positive-to-negative space shift) The ruin The residence weatheringdecay analysis living reminiscent construction imagination design Masterplan 1:3000 Past Post-present Present Future

Walls to spaces

parts of the ruin solid walls are chosen to transform into space and create different spatial experience in circulation area. Together with the visual/physical connection, the relationship between different spaces are getting clear.

54 2N 2E 2 Interval Portico 3E 3 Breach Low ceiling 4N 4 Tilt Stairs 5E 5 Sill High sill windows 6N 6 Arch Arch 1E 1 Floor Platform 3N Present North side East side Post-present Future the ruin: walk inside negative form of wall basic space spatial adaptation 4N 5N 6N 6E 1E 1N 5E 4E 2E 3E
Main

Spaces formation

The project is a reverse isotope that could nest the ruin inside its circulation. A series of additional functional spaces are attached to the "reversed wall". The "walls to spaces" result on the left page are clearer in the sectional axonometric view.

55 2 Portico 3 Low ceiling 4 Stairs 5 High sill windows 6 Arch 1 Platform
Present Post-present Attachment Attachment Attachment Ground floor the ruin Nested relationship Kitchen+dinning Garage Living room+swimming pool Series of spatial experiences
A centralized courtyard surrounded by functional rooms and a corridor generated from the ruin 1 Entrance 2 Living room 3 Staircase 4 Courtyard 5 Bathroom 6 Study/kids room 7 Dinning room 8 Kitchen 9 Storage 10 Garage 11 Swimming pool 12 Party pool Ground floor plan 1:100 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 9 10 11 12 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 Organization and growth of additional floor according to the ground floor 1 Staircase 2 Mezzanine 3 Leisure area 4 Balcony 5 Bedroom 6 Terrace 7 Extensive platform First floor plan 1:100
Several family living scenes are incorporated in the section Perspective detailed section 2 3 4 1 1 Kitchen 2 Leisure area 3 Storage 4 Courtyard 5 Extensive platform 6 Corridor 7 Living room 8 Party pool 9 Swimming pool

Roof 330mm

Prefabricated concrete slabs 30mm

Ventilated gap with wooden studs 30mm Waterproof membrane 5mm ZTBRA thermal-acoustic insulation sandwich board 100mm Vapor barrier 5mm

Cast-in-place concrete and steel decking profile KF70 30+70mm Cavity for pipes and wire installation 50mm Gypsum acoustic insulated suspended ceiling 10mm

Wall 300mm

Finishing plaster 10mm Gypsum board 10mm Vapor barrier 5mm ZTBRA thermal-acoustic insulation sandwich board 100mm Waterproof membrane 5mm Standard brick/beam 150mm Gypsum board 10mm Finishing plaster 10mm

Outdoor flooring 300mm

Tiles 10mm Adhesive mortar 20mm Waterproof membrane 5mm ZTBRA thermal-acoustic insulation sandwich board 100mm Vapor barrier 5mm

Cast-in-place concrete and steel decking profile KF70 30+70mm Cavity for pipes and wire installation 50mm Gypsum acoustic insulated suspended ceiling 10mm

Indoor flooring+foundation 740/890mm

Tiles/wooden flooring 10mm Adhesive mortar 15mm Waterproof membrane 5mm ZTBRA thermal-acoustic insulation sandwich board 100mm Vapor barrier 5mm Reinforced concrete 105/255mm Ventilated/moisture release igloo 450mm Concrete slab 50mm Dug-in base ~mm

5 6 7 8
9

Ruin communication

View from the new residence to the ruin at the opposite cliff

Residence communication

View from the ruin to the new residence at the opposite cliff

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Arch corridor

Living room

61
The corridor connects the central courtyard, the study and the dining area The view from living room towards the swimming pool and Atlantic Ocean
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63

05

Let's Go!

Student's activities: high school teaching building design

2021 Spring Undergraduation Design

Site: Yunfu, Guangdong, China

Site area: around 28600m2

Personal research and design

Chinese students are required to choose only from Art or Science subjects for their College Entrance Exam until recently a new policy is carried out, giving students more possiblities to choose their preferred subjects for the Exam. Therefore, the subject-selection system is introduced to the campus and gradually replaces the original administrative system that class is normally led by a class teacher. This shift of teaching pattern requires new spatial and functional models for future educational resillience: how to create new typologies of teaching building to adapt to new policy framework becomes the essential problems in the project.

A case study of advantages and disadvantages of existing educational facilities is made in both terms of administrative system and subjectselection system, which would help to extract suitable elements and spatial patterns for the design. More importantly, a research of students' needs in different years and their behaviors based on these needs are made and analyzed. We found that senior 1 to senior 3 is a gradual transit from full-administrative system to full-subject-selection system, in which different students have various school lifes and activities.

The project is seperated into 5 different entangling area in order to satisfy requirements from the students in different years: senior 1, senior 2, senior 3, activities and subject-selection area, where each of them has their own special spatial configuration and atmosphere. These areas eventually are connected by a centralized courtyard platform, providing more public spaces for students to gather and enjoy their campus lifes.

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1 Subject-selection system

The newly introduced system provides in total 12 different combinations for the students. Solid frames are previous science subjects and dash frames are previous art subjects.

Hereby, a presumed class calendar of a student who chooses physics, geology and chemistry as his subjects is made, and the following diagrams show the trajectory of the student within one day.

long + 10 short 20 long

Admin system is a polycentric mode where student's activities happen around the admin classroom. Long commutes always happen between different facilities.

Subject-selection system is a multicentric mode where students commute between different spaces and facilities. In this case, all the commutes are long commutes.

2 Commute analysis: chaos

If an equation was made from the two cases above, we can come to the result of 1 short commute = 0.6 long commute, which is a small difference. Imagine thousands of students having long commutes during breaktime, the public spaces would become extremely chaotic and crowded instantly. Therefore the reduction of long commutes becomes a necessity to prevent this chaotic situation.

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C4 C1 C3 2 2 × × = 12 3 Chinese Mathematics History Chemistry Chemistry English P.E. Mathematics Admin classroom Admin classroom Geo classroom Chem classroom Physics classroom Dorm Dorm Canteen Canteen Playground Playground Long commutes Short commutes Physics Chinese Self-study Geology Activity Biology English Physics Geology Politics
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College Maxime Javelly

Lycee la Plaine

Rhishonim Junior High School

Lycee Francais Louis Massignon

Hybrid

Alexandria Area High School

Metea Valley High School

Paul Valery High School

Vienna West High School Normal classroom & office Normal classroom & office Different subject classroom Different subject classroom

Hangzhou Gudun Primary School Classroom Public spaces Corridor

Toledo Educational Center

Mosfellsbar High School

House of Knowledge Center

Hall Hall Hall Hall Hall Hall

12 cases of educational facilities are chosen and classified into 4 groups to analyze their plan configurations in terms of two different systems. The 2nd cateogory as an example is shown below.

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1 Corridor oriented 2 Entrance extended 3 Center radiated 4 Linear nodes Admin Subject
3 Case study
Double-sided corridor
Single-sided corridor

4 Student needs and circulation

Chemistry

Chemistry

Phaygorund

Sports, activities Music, art, geology association activity

Senior 1

Collectivity + adaptation

Activity room

Classroom

Routine subjects Rest, leisure, meals

English English P.E. P.E. Mathematics Mathematics Physics Physics Nap break Nap break Chinese Chinese Free period Free period Geology Geology Activities Activities

Dorm & canteen

Senior 1 students have more fixed class schedule, in order to provide freshman opportunities to get to know each other, and to adapt to new campus environment and study pace. Senior 1 is still a full-administrative system.

Senior 1

Study+ Senior

Senior 2 students' class schedule becomes time and chances to join associations and specialty. This would help them to find Senior 2 is a hybrid of administrative

Classroom Classroom

Activity area Subject selection area Classroom Classroom

Classroom Classroom

Senior 1 area

Students from senior 1 usually spend their time around the classroom, which is very similar to existing configuration. The activity area is separated from the study area.

Senior

Senior 2 students usually commute area, few subject-selection room becomes much more complicated.

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Senior 2

Phaygorund

Sports, activities

Activity room

Music, art, geology association activity Routine subjects

Classroom

Chem room

Chemistry experiments

Physics room

Physics experiments

Geology room

Geology theory

Dorm & canteen

Rest, leisure, meals

Chemistry English P.E. Mathematics Physics Nap break Chinese Free period Geology Activities

Senior 3

activities Speciality + independence

becomes more flexible, so that it could provide and activities, and to develop their own their interest in future subject selection. administrative and subject-selection system.

Activity area Activity area

Senior 2 area

commute between classroom, activity room and lab, where circulation complicated. The dynamics becomes salient.

Phaygorund

Sports, activities

Classroom

Routine subjects

Chem room

Chemistry experiments

Physics room

Physics experiments

Geology room

Geology theory

Dorm & canteen

Rest, leisure, meals

The class schedule of senior 3 is highly felxible, for the sole purpose of the College Entrance Exam. The specialities are within the subjects chosen by the students; meanwhile teachers will hand over more time for independent study. Senior 3 is a full-subject-selection system.

Classroom

Subject selection area Classroom

Classroom

Public study area

Senior 3 area

Senior 3 students spends most of their time in the subjectselection room, where students could study by themselves, get instruction from teachers and discuss with each other.

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Classroom
Classroom Classroom

The high school teaching building is led by a central axis and public courtyard, connecting five differet functional areas. These areas also enclose inner yards with different sizes and atmosphere. Functional areas are connected with each other and with facilites outside the building.

70 Independent,flexible,open,public
Speciality,concentration Adaptation,collectivity,freshLeisure,activity,entertainment Subject-selectionarea Senior2area Senior3area Senior1area Activityarea Playground To senior 1 Dormitory To senior 3 & 2 Canteen To dorm Library To senior 2
Leadership,activity,study
5 Functional configuration
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Courtyard

Teacher office

Drinking water Public platform

Subject-selection area 50 students classroom

Activity area

Senior 1 area construction plan 1:400

Senior 1 area works in administrative system, which is similar to existing Chinese high school configuration. In order to help students to get along, the plan is organized in forms of 50 students classroom, providing more indoor communications with each other. Teacher offices locate between 2 rows of classrom facing south, which could stimulate the interactions between students and teachers.

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Senior 3 area works in full-subject-selection system, which closely connects to the subject-selection area. Different from senior 1 & 2, its spatial and functional organization is independent, far away from the activity area. A narrow balcony (public study area) is formed due to the displacement of the classrooms, providing spaces for students to share ideas and experiences on the subjects.

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A T3 A Subject-selection area 50 students classroom Teacher office Public platform Study area Study area Courtyard
Senior 3 area construction plan 1:400

Laboratory

Sub-select classroom

Senior 1 area

Preparasion room Study area

Senior 3 area

Sub-select classroom

Senior 2 area

Subject-selection area construction plan 1:400

The subject-selection area is comprised with subject-selection classrooms and laboratories. Students could commute efficiently between these functional spaces organizing in an E shape. There are public study areas designated for different subjects on different floors. The subject-selection classroom could be used as discussion room and study room.

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"#" connection

This outdoor corridor connects three different floors shown below

4th floor

The stair connects a 3.5 mezzanine to 4th floor

3rd floor

The stair and ramp connects a 2.5 mezzanine to 3rd floor and a 3.5 mezzanine

2nd floor

The ramp connects 2.5 mezzanine, the stair connects 1.5 mezzanine

Courtyard

The courtyard is a complex tri-dimensional public spaces locating at the center of whole teaching building, connecting different areas. It's the most dynamic area that could enhance the communication and interaction between individuals.

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50 students classroom Corridor

50 students classroom Corridor

Corridor

50 students classroom Lobby

Section A-A 1:150

Construction detail of senior 3 area classrooms and corridors

The perspective shows the interior spatial structures areas from left to right, with the senior 3 and

Perspective

Corridor Greenery

Corridor Greenery

Corridor Greenery Corridor

structures of senior 2, the central courtyard and senior 1 and subject-selected area in the background.

T3 staircase 1:150

Construction detail of the stair with greenery plantation area

Perspective section
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Waterostel

Water collection system: eco-hostel design

2021 Columbia GSAPP Fall Advacned V Studio

Instructors: Vanessa Keith, Andrew Homick Site: East End, Jamaica Site area: 3000m2

Group research with Leah Smith and individual design

According to the book Our Final Warning: Six Degrees of Climate Emergency, written by Mark Lynas, he says that the global warming have already beome a non-negligible problem in the new century. Jamaica is an island country where environmental issues are influential and deciding. With further research, we found that flooding and drought might become a critical issue on the island in the future due to climate crisis. Therefore, the question of how to combine architectural design with resilient adaptive technology to tackle with environmental problem needs to be put on the table.

A simple design of rainwater collection is introduced to the project, in order to give resilience to the riverine flood condition, and help to redistribute the water resources during drought period. The design could be incorporated with the architectural structure and water supply/ drainage system. Collaborating with FMJ property, the project is consider to be beach hostel that provides amenities and services for the ecotourism in Jamaica, which could generate economic benefits for the region and client.

The core of the design is a series of water collector funnels that collect, purify, recycle and reuse the water from outdoor environment and within, to maximize the efficiency of water use and also to create a unique interactive atmosphere with water.

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06

Flooding future

Due to the intense river system in the east part of Jamaica, coastal flooding as well as riverine flash flood will occur in the site area. Also these flooding areas are highly overlapping with agriculture zones. Therefore, our project intends to mitigate this situation and incorporate devices into infrastructure and architecture.

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Arpita Nandi, Arpita Mandal, Matthew Wilson, David Smith. 10 March 2016. Flood hazard mapping in Jamaica using principal component analysis and logistic regression. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016

Water funnel Capacity of 1982L

Hydro engine Power output of 6812W

Powers all modern household appliances or central AC in a small house

Water reservoir Capacity of 1895L

Funnel device

Flash floods always occur during rainy season and around intense river systems. Therefore, a funnel-like rainwater collection prototype is designed for mitigating the situation. This device could be incorporated into architectural structure and design, as well as itself being a leisure destination. The funnel functions to collect rainwater and allow it to travel through the hydroelectric power generator. The water can then be stored and pumped up again for irrigation during drought conditions

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Water collector device prototype design by Leah Smith. Drawings produced by Leah Smith.

Programming

According to the analysis of the topography and hydrological features of the east end, the site is separated into three parts: the upper river, the lower river and the east end. The upper river is our frontier site for the diversion valve system, to divert the riverine flood at its beginning. In the lower river region, we are considering setting up a series of markets as well as parking spaces for road trip travelers. This would form a linear protection barrier, which is in blue, for the crocodile sanctuary, which is in green. And lastly, the East End, where our eco-hostel and oceanographic research center are located.

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86 Water going out the system Water going in the system Non recyclable pipes Water cycle Recyclable pipes 1 Dishes sink 2 Cooking sink 3 Restaurant toilets 4 Room toilets/showers 1 2 3 4 4

Water flow diagram

The project’s core is the circulation and flow of water. Rainwater comes from above and enters the funnel collector leading to down pipes that are for the services such as guest rooms and restaurants. Some water will go through a water curtain system that would give the visitors a different feeling of walking through and between water. And that water will enter the storage tank installed below the deck of the first floor. After the treatment process, the water could circulate back to the roof through the light green funnels and be used for water curtains again or for services usage. The used water will leave the system through the drainage pipes.

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4 4 4 4 4
4
4

Water inflow

Water curtain

Water outflow Used water flow

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4

Roof -wooden shingle tiles -wooden studs -waterproof membrane -cast-in-place concrete -steel decking profile

Filter system -diffuser plate -bio-active film -sand -coarse sand -gravel Water tank

Water curtain system -water pipe -solenoid -nozzle -sensor -LED lights Water curtain receiver -C-shaped steel profile -drainage pipe

Detail section

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1 2 3
5
10
Bathroom Corridor 2 bunk bed room Restaurant/bar Reception lounge 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
6 9 6 7
8 1

Beach bar

The water curtain at the beach bar could also used as a projection screen for the guest in reception lounge.

Water cycle diagram

Longitudinal section

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Sunset surfing

The waterostel located at the beach provides amenities and services for advanturers to have fun along the sea shore.

Water cycle diagram

Lateral section

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92 1 restaurant & reception lounge 2 4 surfboard lounge & staircase 5 corridor 7 4 bunk bed room 8 full suite A Rainy Day in

in Waterostel

beach bar 3 corridor on first floor corridor on second floor 6 public lounge suite 9 balcony towards the sea

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07

The Red Ritual

Light experiments and trailhead pavilion design

2022 Columbia GSAPP Adavanced VI Studio

Instructors: Stephen Cassell, Annie Barrett Site: Sedona, Arizona Site area: 225 m2

Personal research and design

The boundary between man-made world and the nature has always been a interesting point of view to discuss. Sedona, to which hiking trails and street systems dominated, is one of the most appropriate examples to research and design the relationship of these very opposite concepts. How to deal with the abrupt rupture from the man-made streets to the hiking trail to wilderness? What kind of junction should it be to deconstruct and reconstruct, or to say, to transform the human mental sprits from one world to another?

The research started with experimenting how light would be transformed after passing through a series of mediums. The changing of container materials, the mediums, and the environment, would lead to different result of the lighting and shadow and most importantly, the atmosphere and sensation of the space, which becomes the main methodology of the following design. Grasshopper became the major tools to determine the spatial configuration and the volume of the design.

The design is a pavilion that connects the parking lots in the trailhead and the trails to the rocks, where a series of spatial rituals happen and change the visitor's feeling and emotion during the whole walking within the rituals. There's special atmosphere of each space created by its own attribute of size, loudness, brightness (from the design and use of material), which correspond to one mood for the visitor to feel.

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1 Light resource direction

Experiment of testing how the direction of light would affect the light and shadow results

2 Wind

The dynamic lighting effect affected by wind with different amout of water inside glass containers

3 Temperature

The water frozen in below-zero environment so that the lighting turn into static states and faded more due to the setting sun

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"Changing" room design

Using grasshopper to simulate the light refraction to see the performance of light within a water bubble pavilion in different site locations

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Current site condition

There's an abrupt rupture from the manmade world to the wilderness, where the boundary is too clear and easy to be defined

Sedona city plan

The site is chosen at Sedona, Arizona, where hiking activities and road trip dominate the city. The junctions between the trails and roads are shown in red dots, which are the potential sites to put the design pavilions. The largest one is the Cathedral Rock

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The Rock: the wilderness Trail: a pathways to nature Trailhead: a transitional space between two worlds Road: a manmade infrastructure

Cathedral Rock

The relationship between the roads, the parking lot, the trails and the rock could be easily seen from the diagram above, which could help to develop the project's volume and light performance

Masterplan

New arrangement of the parking lot gives a transitional pathway towards the plaza in front of the pavilion. The pavilion also works as a transitional spaces between the roads and the trails

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Return

Same space, different experiences

With the changing of time and light, the spatial experiences within the pavilion would also shift during the different time of day. Also the perspective of the visitors would vary in their departure route towards the rock and their return route towards the parking area

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Departure

Current condition

Design proposal

From rupture to transition

The current condition of the site at Cathedral Rock has been a direct connection between the two worlds, the design proposal is trying to create a different transitional experience for the visitors to emerge into brightness and darkness, preparing for their journey to the rocks

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Ground floor plan

The plan shows the relationship between the parking lot, the pathway leading to the pavilion and the plaza

Perspective section

Different spaces provide different perspective for visitors to see the Cathedral Rock

9 3 11 5 13 7 15

2 10 4 12 6 14 8 16

Sequence of Ritual 2 3 4

Ground floor plan 5 6 11 12 13

7

14

15

8 9 16 10

Underground floor plan

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The pavilion provides different spatial experiences for the visitors as a ritual. Ground floor is designated for light experience with water bubble as well as perforated holes oriented towards sunpath direction. The staircase between floors works as a dark transitional experience for the visitors and re-connect themselves with the nature in the underground floor 1 1

No.8 "Depressive"

The Depressive is a space with dark/negative atmosphere. It is a dark space intended for visitor to go through a depressive/down mood.

No.10 "Confused"

The Confused space is at the end of the stairs leading from the ground to the underground, where the ramp disappear in the darkness, making visitors wonder where it would lead to

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108 Entrance Escaping Curious Dreamy Spirited Depressive Sequence
109 Entrance Immersed Confused
of
Dreamy
Ritual

Section A

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"Curious"

"Dreamy"

Curious and Dreamy are the two entrances/exits of the pavilion, where the water bubble locates. Both of the spaces create different atmosphere of attracting (curious) and distorsion (dreamy)

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Section B

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"Immersed"

"Spirited"

The Immersed space is where skylight enter the room from the various size of openings. The ground window also gives lights to the Eased space below. From the Spirited space, visitors could see the Cathedral Rock emerging from the stairs as if it's growing out.

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Spatial

The project is cut into 4 parts to show rooms and floors. Some diagrams are the pavilion and its

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models

show the interior spatial relationship between made to show the ritual's pathway within corresponding light path

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"Border Site" produced by Shulong Ren, Wanqi Jiang and Xinan Tan

Air

08

Governance

governance: borderland biostructure design

2021 Columbia GSAPP Summer Engtangled Studio

Instructors: Ersela Kripa, Stephen Mueller

Site: US-Mexico border, vairous locations Example site: El Paso, Texas Personal research and design

Biosecurity has always been a critical and contraditory issue along the border area. In fact, it's quite easy to manage human immigrants and animal imports, but not so easy on governance airborne pathogen, such as Coccidioides, our protagonist in this project. This fungus locates in the surface of soil and would be transmitted through winds and leads to a disease called valley fever. Environmental issues such as dust storm is so prevalent along US-Mexico border that make the borderland an endemic area. The question of how to counteract the governance of fungus and how to establish a new system that could manage air condition, environmental quality and human health is casted on the topic.

A new binational governance is designed considering different potential actors that would engage in the project, including goverment, scholars, initiators and workforce. Also geo-engineering techniques are introduced to the project to modify the soil and ground condition in order to improve the environmental quality for the border area. New binational relation are established after the execution of the planning above.

Furtherly into architectural scale, the air chimney and nonwoven fabric is introduced for indoor living quality improvement. The air chimney locates at the center of the house or public facility, which is for the installation of air purifier or air pipes; while the nonwoven fabric is used for enclosing the architecture and create a semi-open space to attract people to the outside environment.

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The fungus governance

Them map above shows the biotic jurisdiction of the fungus along the border area. The fungus are transmitted through winds and dust storm according to the hydrological of the site. Therefore, we could see that the fungus is intensively dominates the entire border area.

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Mechanical Strengthening Hydro Reduction

The tool

Five categories above would help to modify terms of costs, biodiversity, etc., so that the also help to establish a new monitoring system. techniques from the tool box according

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Thermal Modification

Bio-chemical Mediation

tool box

and consolidate the soil in different levels in dust situation could be eased. And it could system. Project planners could select appropriate according to the condition of the site.

Monitoring Techonologies

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Application range

where to apply this action

Atmospheric section

Binational governance

Action axonometry

Soil section

human reaction to the fungus participators and action demonstration stratification and structure of the soil

Site: El Paso Action 1: Primal flattening

The experimental site locates at the east margin of El Paso, which isthe center of the storm range and the endemic area.

A primal process of the ground condition phase of the project.

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flattening

condition at the beginning project.

Action 2: Ground freezing

A temporary technique to consolidate the soil and inhibit the growth of the fungus.

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Action 4: Monitoring Action 3: Vibroflotation

A permanent technique to consolidate the soil and modify the teorritory condition.

The new monitoring-to-forecasting time response (dust storm,

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Monitoring

system for incidents real fungus alert, etc.)

Action 5: New city

The design and construction of a new neighborhood after the improvement of the ground condition.

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Borderland biostructure

The prototype could form an active binational provides job opportunities and establish a are two outpost: one is in Sonora desert and

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biostructure

binational worker migration and currency flow. It new outpost against the dust storm. There and another is located in Chihuahua desert.

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The new neighborhood design is introduced public is on the left and the private is on

Public

Public service plan

The air chimney is at the centre of the public spaces. The non-woven fabric encloses the facade.

Public axon Private

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Street section

section

introduced in public and private session. The on the right of the street section above.

Private

axon

Private residence plan Human scale

The air chimney become the centre of the living area. Human reactions to the installation of the air chimney.

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New lifestyle

The intervention will change the lifestyle of The public service will provide a temporary the public square during emergency events

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lifestyle

of the neighborhood in terms of air usage. temporary air-clean space for the citizens who is on events such as dust storm or air pollution.

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Original design

1 small station flow rate increased

2 stations closed (flow rate 0)

1 station closed (flow rate 0)

Halved distance domain

Double distance domain

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09

Re-thinking BIM

Long Line Building facade renovation workflow design

Instructors: Mark Green

Fall Elective Course/ September 2021 Group research and design with Ralph Cheng

Our capabilities as architects today, to create and leverage organized building information, is continuously expanding the possibilities for designing and understanding what we build and how we can build it. Developing a literacy of the digital tools and how to leverage them through informed design practices that exist both within the architectural field and more broadly, is an increasingly essential competency for designers. This class challenges students to develop robust methodologies and frameworks to better drive possibilities for creative iteration and validation of design solutions through analysis, automation, simulation, optimization, and representation.

This course is intended to provide foundational knowledge of building information modeling (BIM) practices, as well as relevant options for alternative design-platform interoperability and integration.

For the final project, students will select one or more approach to interoperability and design intervention, leverage the affiliated platform(s) to develop their advanced parametric and design-informed methodologies, and apply them to the models developed earlier in the semester with a revised set of design goals.

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Design: site plan

The design using the distance from each grid's centroid to the nearby subway stations as parameters and their flow rates as weight to control the shape. The larger the circle is, the more closely related to the station. Therefore, more public function would be put at larger circle area.

Floor: forms

Black floor plans are the modified floor plan for the design, using the distance and flow rate as parameters. Public services such as cafe will be located at the left top corner of the plan.

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Facade: panel and glazing zone

Black areas use similar method as plan formation, to control the size of glazing area on the facade

Facade: glazing rotation

If the centroid of panels could be projected onto the surface (black areas), the panels become glass glazing. The glazing panels rotate in a certain angel corresponding to the distances from each stations.

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Conceptual draft

Draft diagram showing the conceptual ideas of using distances to modify the floor shape

Floor plan

The ground floor plan showing the main functions such as the cafe (at the top left corner), the entrance hall with elevator shafts, the office area, etc.

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Perspective rendering

The rendering showing the renovated facade with the rotating panels, the new floor plans and the surrounding environment with people and vehicles

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10

If Building Could Talk

Back to Back: interactive installation design

Instructor: Sharon Ayalon Spring Elective Course/ Feburary 2022 Group design with Bisheng Hong, Chuqi Huang, Hao Zheng and Hazel Villena

Aiming to link Harlem’s daily life and diverse culture heritage to Columbia University, the project is located at the most dynamic stairway on the central axis. Boxes are designed as containers to suppoort daily activities for Columbia communities while recording the everyday life of Harlem.

Four maps related to the food, art, music, and historical building are set on the eight boxes as puzzles. By moving around the boxes, people can actively explore the miniature Harlem. At the same time, the volumes can turn into small tables or shelves for people during their break.

During the daytime, materials with different textures and colors are used to guide the puzzles, enabling people to participate in the interaction. Pockets are designed to place in iPhones as lighting sources. The translucency of the materials makes them possible to explore during nighttime as well.

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Back TO Back

Conceptual proposal

The project is designated to create an interactive installation that reconnect Harlem and Columbia University. Back TO Back means the reestablishment of relationship between Harlem neighbourhood and Columbia University campus

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Columbia-Harlem Timeline

The story line of how Columbia University starting to engage in the Harlem community from 1890-2022 (present time)

Existing problems

The statue of Alma Mater blocks the view of the staircase behind, therefore make the site a less dynamic and less interactive place

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Site analysis

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The activities and potential sites on the Columbia University campus staircase during daytime (right) and night time (left)
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The design: the BOX

The BOXes could work as small tables and temporary storage for the users. There're 4 maps showing different information of Harlem on the surface of the box, while the colorful translucent maps could also used as color filter at night time. The maps are also puzzle for users to play with, in order to create playfulness and interactivity between users.

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The instruction pamphlet

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Pamphlets and maps

On the left shows the pamphlets and maps printed and put inside the BOX with the scannable QR code. On the right shows the overall maps after finishing the puzzles.

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Historic site Art institute Jazz bar Restaurant
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Scattering as tables Moving as puzzle Reorganized as message boards
Day time
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as lighting resources Lighting map Instruction and pamphlet Night time
Phones
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Free Studio Seating

Optimization project on studio seating re-organization

Instructor: Danil Nagy Spring Elective Course/ Feburary 2022 Group research and design with Siye Huang, Siyu Xiao, Yuening Jiang and Yutong Deng

In the past decade, our interaction with the world has been deeply affected by artificial intelligence. Many industries including finance, science, and manufacturing have been revolutionized by developments in Machine Learning, optimization, and other artificial intelligence technologies, which have allowed them to leverage the power of computing to solve complex problems in new and innovative ways.

Meanwhile, architectural design practice has been barely impacted by these developments. Although almost all designers use computers in their practice, the tools they rely on have not leveraged these emerging technologies. As a result, the design profession has not substantially evolved since computers were first introduced to the design world nearly four decades ago.

This course will introduce students to the basic concepts of generative design and teach them how to create complex models that can be controlled and evaluated by an automated search algorithm. The Python programming language will be introduced as a way to amplify the generative complexity of parametric models in Grasshopper. We will also cover techniques for evaluating designs including using third-party Grasshopper plugins for structural and environmental analysis.

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11

1 Introduction

The current condition of classroom seating arrangement is in a linear organization, meaning an central axis of major circulation, with branches to each of the studios. This organization ignores the privacy between students and the collective relationship within each studio. Also, it minimizes the possibility of interaction, communication and creativity. It is difficult for students to discuss while giving individual spaces with only one long desk.

Therefore, our project intends to reorganize the seating for the studios, in order to enhance the possibility of communication and interaction. We provide three different types of desk: single, double and triple, for different group structures (individual work, 2 people or 3

people group work) as basis for our rearrangement.

However, it is still difficult to quantify the term “privacy” and collectiveness”, and the traditional way of putting desk manually might be subjective and less effective. Therefore we introduced Grasshopper and Discover to optimize the seating organization with certain parameters: distance and overlapping area. The larger the overlapping area is, the more collectiveness the area could get, or vice versa, the smaller the overlapping area is, the more privacy the area could have. With these two different opposite trends that control the whole optimization process, we believe that there will be a balance in between for the best arrangement for the students future use.

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Studio current condition Three types of desk and their movement range

Step 1

Studio current condition

Step 2 Step 3

Attraction by studio group area

1st attempt (blocked entrance)

Repellent between circles

Final choice (major circulation)

Overlaying results

Random postion and rotation

Result based on last step

2 Methodology

We set a series of points in the studio classroom plan for generating the studio group area, the desks and their movement range. We start our optimization process by minimizing the overlapping area between desk movement ranges (for privacy) and by maximizing the overlapping area between desk movement range and the studio group area (for collectiveness) to reach a balanced state. Our process are introduced below:

Step 1 Optimizing the area and position of 8 groups in the studio, using the distance to the classroom boundary as parameter to control the major circulation space from the entrance to each of the studios.

Input:

a. Coordinates of 8 rectangles’ centroid b. Rectangles’ size c. Boundary of classroom

Optimization process:

a. Minimize distance from classroom boundary to the rectangles’ centroid

b. Minimize overlapping areas between rectangles

Step 2 Each group contains around 12 people(11-13), a set of circles(representing movement range of different types

Overall result Manual adjustment

Overlaying results

of desk for discussion and individual work) are distributed in each group boundary(the rectangle).

For each group, the circles are optimized to repel each other (privacy between students) while attracting by the rectangle (collectiveness within the studio). And between groups, the circles are also set to repel each other. Both privacy and collectiveness are controlled by the overlapping area between circles and rectangles. The process is conducted group by group instead of 8 groups together.

Input:

a. The number of different types of desk b. Coordinates of circles’ centroid c. Circles’ radius depends on types of desk d. Rectangles from last step

Optimization process: a. Optimize the number of each desk type b. Minimize the overlapping areas between circles c. Maximize the overlapping areas between the circles and rectangles

Step 3 Manually operating and adjusting the orientation of the desks to better fit in the classroom for circulation

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3 Results

We try to optimize the position of the desks all together, however, the result doesn’t show any trend. Therefore we decided to change our plan to optimize group by group, so that the trends could be salient. As a result, from the Discover chart we could see that the trend is salient in all the optimization (step1 & 2)

In step 3, we also try to rotate the desks in certain angles as input parameters, and set the constraint that the overlapping area should be less than 0. However, Discover doesn’t give us any optimal result, so we choose to manually adjust the angles of each of the desks.

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results of each studio
in step 2 Studio 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Optimization
group
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Optimization result of step 1 Optimization result of step 2, the 7th studio group Optimizing all desk position together, but there shows no trend

Avery 600N re-organized plan circulation diagram

Optimization result of circulation and draft zoning for each studio group

3.1 Central circulation space

The red hatch in the plan shows the major circulation space designed from the optimization result. The central circulation space provides entrances for each studio group

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Optimization result of desk movement rages and manual adjustment of desk orientations

3.2 Zoning for each studio group

Different colors of zones on the plan diagram shows the 8 different areas intended and designed for the required studios in the classroom. Within each studio group, students have their private desk top, while sharing the collective working table with other students in the same studio

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Avery 600N re-organized plan zoning diagram
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4
Rendering showing the general view inside Rendering
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the studio after the re-organization process Rendering

Parapet flashing

Coping Schock Isokorb system

Mesh 1/16’’ 59’

Steel support

Insulation (in Isokorb) Fixed transom

Support wire Ø 3/16”

Double glazing Intumescent paint 3/8”

Louver Heating

Stack joint

Support wire Ø 3/16”

Mesh 1/16’’

Steel support

Intumescent paint 3/8”

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1st-2nd
Overall detail 0.000 14’ 9’’ 29’ 6’’ 44’ 3’’ 59’
Roof detail 1:4
floor detail 1:4
14’ 9’’

Top mesh support profile

Steel plate

Waterproof membrane Schock roof Isokorb system

Vapour barrier

2/5’’ 4’’

Plaster

Waterproof membrane Insulation Vapour barrier Cast-in-place concrete Steel deck profile Steel secondary beam

2/5’’ 4’’ 8 1/2’’ 1/16’’ 1’ 9 3/5’’

Renovated Nordstrom facade

Suspend wire

Steel suspend profile Ceiling boards

Column

1/10’’ 1 1/2’’ 4 3/4’’ 4’’ 8 1/2’’ 1/16’’ 1’ 9 3/5’’

Overall rendering Detailed rendering

Facade

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Detailing 12
Wooden flooring Gypsum board Gap and supports Waterproof membrane Insulation Vapor barrier Cast-in-place concrete Steel deck profile Steel secondary beam buliding facade renovation and detail drawing
Instructor: Kevin Schorn Spring Elective Course/ Feburary 2022 Group project with Yuchen Huang and Tianyi Zhang Nordstrom
164 给排水 建筑 结构 节 能 暖 通 电 气 智能化 2006-92 建 筑 施工图 2008.04.30 01 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 01 字体示例 2008.08.30 建施O3-01 DISCIPLINE PROJECT NO. 日 期 版 本 号 设计阶段 图 号 名 称 PROJECT 图 纸 内 容 业 务 号 工 程 专 业 建 设 单 位 CLIENT 设 计: DESIGNED BY 制 图: 审 核: 校 对: 审 定: APPROVED BY 专业负责: ENGINEER IN CHARGE 设计总负责: 建筑工程设计证书号:A144002897 证 书 | 设计单位 | 修 改 记 录 给排水 建筑 结构 节 能 暖 通 电 气 智能化 修改原因、内容 修改日期 Date Rev. 序 号 宿舍单元大样图 某大学建设工程一期 某大学(筹) 二标段学生宿舍 Construction 13
Instructor: Shaopang Fall Course Student dormitory detail
165
证 书 | 设计单位 | 修 改 记 录 DESIGN INSTITUTE 修改日期 Rev. 修改原因、内容 Date 序 号 首层平面图 某大学建设工程一期 某大学(筹) 二标段学生宿舍 2006-92 建 筑 施工图 2008.04.30 01 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 01 字体示例 2008.08.30 建施O2-01 DISCIPLINE PROJECT NO. 日 期 版 本 号 设计阶段 图 号 名 称 PROJECT 图 纸 内 容 业 务 号 工 程 专 业 建 设 单 位 CLIENT 设 计: DESIGNED BY 制 图: 审 核: 校 对: 审 定: APPROVED BY 专业负责: ENGINEER IN CHARGE 设计总负责: 建筑工程设计证书号:A144002897 证 书 | 设计单位 | 修 改 记 录 给排水 建筑 结构 节 能 暖 通 电 气 智能化 修改原因、内容 修改日期 Date Rev. 序 号 墙身大样图 某大学建设工程一期 某大学(筹) 二标段学生宿舍 Construction drawings 13 Shaopang Zhuang 2020 SCUT detail drawings and design
建施O1-01 2006-92 建 筑 施工图 2008.04.30 01 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 实名列 01 字体示例 2008.08.30 设计总负责: DISCIPLINE PROJECT NO. 日 期 DATE 版 本 号 INDEX STAGE 设计阶段 图 号 DRAWING NO. 名 称 PROJECT 图 纸 内 容 TITLE 业 务 号 工 程 专 业 建 设 单 位 CLIENT 设 计: DESIGNED BY DRAFTED BY 制 图: 审 核: CHECKED BY 校 对: 审 定: 专业负责: ENGINEER IN CHARGE PROJECT DIRECTOR 建筑工程设计证书号:A144002897

Professional Works 14 2020-2023

166

Signage Logo Design

Brochure Design Museum Interior & Guiding Map

Mooncake Museum

Archiland Studio March 2020 - June 2020

167
168
345 W 13th Street YUN Architecture June 2022 - Feburary 2023 Bathroom
169 Kitchen

311 Adelphi Street

YUN Architecture June 2022 - Feburary 2023

170

Xinan Tan Education

Columbia University GSAPP

New York, NY, United States

Master of Science in Advanced Architecture Design

June 2021 - May 2022

Phone: +1 917-373-6349 Email: xt2257@columbia.edu LinkedIn: xt2257@columbia.edu New York, NY

Softwares

Twinmotion V-Ray ArcMap Microsoft Bluebeam

Guangzhou, China

Bachelor of Architecture

South China University of Technology Politecnico di Torino

Turin, Italy

September 2016 - July 2021

Adobe Suite AutoCAD Revit SketchUp Rhino Grasshopper

September 2016 - July 2021

1st Degree and Bachelor-level of the Bologna process in Architecture

Experience

Archiland Studio

Torino, Italy

Intern

- Developed mooncake museum interior design

March 2020 - June 2020

- Researched mooncake production line detailed process

- Generated parametric design using Grasshopper

- Translated Italian-to-Chinese presentation (to client)

- Contributed to exhibition planning

- Planned exhibition presentation drawings and layout for museum

- Developed signage and mock-up design

SCUT Architecture Design Institute

Guangzhou, China

Intern

- Organized general planning for high school

- Researched high school reformation policies

October 2020 - Feburary 2021

- Analyzed relationship between student activities and social spaces

- Developed high school teaching building design

- Drafted construction drawings

- Produced rednerings of project

YUN Architecture

Brooklyn, NY

Project Architect

- Prepared construction drawings

June 2022 - Feburary 2023

- Involved in design of high-end residential/commercial projects

- Experimented designs with maquettes

- Developed 3D-modelings and renderings

- Presented ideas and projects to clients

- Communicated with consultants

- Communicated with material and retailing company

- Negotiated and bidded with contractors

- Supervised at construction sites

Mandarin Cantonese English Italian

Medium Native Proficient Beginning

Future Library by Competition for Designers Island April 2019 Finalist Team Leader

Roversi Design by Competition for Designers Geometry March 2020 Mention Team Leader

Functionalism or Monumentalism Restoration Essay, April 2019

How distance from city center affects real estate value in a polycentric metropolitan area: Hong Kong Real Estate Evaluation Essay, December 2019

Towards Russian Constructivism

Thesis on History of Architecture Theory, March 2022

Language Competition Research Scholarship

TOPoliTo Scholarship

Politecnico di Torino, Italy October 2017 - September 2020

Tan Xinan // xt2257@columbia.edu // +1 (917)-373-6349

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