Hyde Park Neighborhood Evaluation - Spring 2013

Evaluation Of The

Hyde Park Neighborhood Cincinnati, OH

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Brad Givens Nathan Wood Toni Strauch

History Of Hyde Park

Hyde Park 1794-1795

1794 John Cleves Symmes and a few business associates created a syndicate and requested to congress to buy around one million acres of land between the Great Miami and Little Miami rivers. After 6 years of negotiating, Symmes purchased 311,682 acres for around sixty-seven cents per acre. This land, now known as parts of Hamilton, Butler, and Warren Counties made up the Miami Purchase.

In 1795, the Treaty of Greenville was signed, and the American Indians that lived in most of the Ohio area left to settle in other lands. The population in the area, mostly focused in Fort Hamilton and Fort Washington, located in what is now downtown Cincinnati, spread quickly upward through the Miami Purchase lands, the people no longer needing fort walls to protect them from the Native Americans. A town known as Mornington was established on a 160-acre plot of land purchased by Thomas Wade from John Symmes.

1795

Hyde Park 1882

1882 Following the Cincinnati Lebanon & Northern rails, and eventually laying it’s own continuing tracks, the Cincinnati Rails finally connected Mornington, at that point owned by a small number of farmers, to the rest of Cincinnati by the Cincinnati & Eastern Railway. Mornington Station was built.

Hyde Park 1887-1903 1887 The Hyde Park Syndicate was formed. The syndicate was comprised of John and Charles Kilgour, James E. Mooney, Albert Berry, Thomas Youtsey, John Zumstein and Wallace Burch, and all 7 of these men were already established and very successful businessmen. The Hyde Park Syndicate bought up all of the land in the area with the intention of turning it into an upscale and exclusive community. The syndicate set up very specific restrictions and were very selective when selling land to potential business owners and residents.

Hyde Park was officially incorporated as a village in 1896.

1896 Hyde Park was annexed by the City of Cincinnati in 1903.

1896

Hyde Park 1917-1951

1917 The first recorded tornado to hit Cincinnati was in 1917. With up to 75 mile-an-hour winds, the tornado was mostly focused in the Hyde Park area of eastern Cincinnati and caused 3 deaths, 32 injuries and wrecked more than 110 homes.

Cincinnati Streetcar Routes (circa. 1910)

The Cincinnati inner-city streetcar system was dismantled.

1951

Infrastructure Of Hyde Park

Cincinnati Highway system Hyde Park is conveniently located close to downtown Cincinnati through a three mile stretch of Columbia Parkway, which offers breath taking views of the Ohio river and the valley into Northern Kentucky.

Roads in and surrounding Hyde Park make for easy access to Interstate 71 and to Interstate 75; which takes people to their workplaces, airports, shopping centers and points of interest.

Cincinnati, OH

aAn interesting point of fact is that no major roadways like the highway interstates cut directly through Hyde Park. Usually large industrial infrastructure is located in low income improvished areas where their is a lot of delapidation of property and land usages. Hyde Park purposfully doesn’t have large infrasturctures like the highway system cutting through it, like most other Cincinnati neighborhoods; instead the planners and engineers of the highway interstate system saw Hyde Park as a resource that is to be preserved and taken care of - like it has been since its conception.

Hyde Park Street Car Routes Up until 1882, Hyde Park was an agriculutral farming community owned by very few people. Yet when the streetcar and rail system would then link Hyde Park to the rest of Cincinnati and its surrounding areas could the then agricultural uses be transformed to residental and commercial uses.

The paths of the streetcar that went through Hyde Park consists of the roads: Madison Road, Erie Avenue, Edwards Avenue and Delta Road. These roads are now main roads in current day Hyde Park.

Ohio General Assembly authorized a new improved construction of Erie Ave, connecting from Madison Rd to Paxton Ave, in 1880 – in which Erie Ave is now a major road running through Hyde Park.Business District.

Hyde Park Bus Routes

Bus Stops Bus Routes

Hyde Park, Cincinnati, OH

The bus system through Cincinnati goes through Hyde Park through a major artery called Madison Road. From Madison the bus routes go through both Observatory and Erie Avenue, which are the two main roads in hyde Park; both of which also run through the major of the nieghborhood, Interestingly enough, while Hyde Park caters to being a very walkable neighborhood with wide streets and well paved sidewalks alot of peoples means of transportation from and within Hyde Park is by car; whether by a single car, being car pooled or by taxi.

Means of Transportation Within and From Hyde Park

Commute to Work from Hyde Park

Most of the individuals living in Hyde Park have a median work commute to 15 to 30 minutes, which means the vast majority of those peoples living in Hyde Park work outside the neighborhood in either someplace in Cincinnati or even Northern Kentucky.

Hyde Park BD Bus Routes The bus routes that go through Hyde Park conviently are on two of the neighborhoods busiest and communtable roads. Erie and Observatory Avenues, also Edwards, run straight through Hyde Park and are also the main road which most of the commerical businesses in this neighborhood lie.

There are many convient stopping points within the area of Hyde Parks business district, making this district and easy and accessable location for residents, employees and vistors to go.

Every ten minutes several different buses at various locations in Hyde Park takes individuals whereever they want or need to go, that is of course if its on the stopping locations.

Hyde Park BD Parking

Many of the public parking areas in Hyde Park are located and centered around the businesses that are there, especially in Hyde Park Sqaure. There are large parking lots behidn many of the commercial bussinesses. There are, however, a few off street parking areas designated in front of some of the buildings on Erie Avenue - these are the conveted parking meter spots.

Other than the public parking spaces near the Business District, many people park along the streets which because of the comfortably wide roads allows this to take place.

Because a good 84% of people who live and visit Hyde Park drive having optimal parking places has become a priority to optimize space to accommodate the large number of people who use cars as their primary mode of transportation.

Nearest Airport

The nearest airport to Hyde Park is the Lunken airport in East End Cincinnati. Depending on which roads a person may take to reach the airport from Hyde Park it would take between 3.9 to 5.5 miles to reach the destination. To drive from Hyde Park to Lunken airport it would take approximately 10 to 15 minutes to arrive there, which is a short drive compared to other airports in the Cincinnati area and beyond.

Hyde Park

Lunken Airport

Edwards R

d

Paths of Traffic

Erie Ave

Observatory Ave

Hyde Park Square is contained by two main streets, Erie and Edwards, with secondary roads intersecting the outer shell of the district. Erie and Edwards are highly travelled roads that make Hyde Park Square a sightseeing attraction on a daily basis for some people.

The Hyde Park neighborhood sits so picturesquely in-between wide avenues and roads, with their handsome homes and well-kept lawns that make it a great place to live and visit.

Erie, Observatory and Edwards are all roads that run through the neighborhood; making it a short nd easily accessable to drive to a particular destingnation within the neighborhood or outside of it.

These three roads are the most highly travelled in the nieghborhood and on these roads lie most of the businesses and retail stores that people have access to in Hyde Park. Because most of the people who live in and visit Hyde Park use a car as their means of transportaion, the roads are wide making parking available on the streets for those who need it and comfortable lanes to drive in.

Aerial View

This map shows an aerial view of the Hyde Park Business District or what is commonly called Hyde Park Square. This map shows a realistic example of how all the public parking areas are centered and mixed throughout the District, one may also notice how parking on the street is also an important quality of the neighborhood.

Architecture Of Hyde Park

Hyde Park Business District The Construction of the Hyde Park Business District began not to long after the neighborhood started to become used for commercial and residential use. Between the years of 1885 and 1903 Hyde Park Square was being laid out for construction. From this point many buildings that would become part of the Square or District began to start being built for the commerical uses. Many of the buildings in the Square were finished in the late 1890s while some of the later buildings were finished being constructed in the early 1930s as illustrated by the map on the left. Hyde Park Square as it appears today was finished in 1929.

Originally, the shops that were first put in these new buidlings were: groceries, meat markets, flower markets, dry cleaners and shoe repair stores. Graeters ice cream is one of the oldest remaining restaurants from the Square and has been a tenant since 1938. Currenlty, Hyde Parks Business District has gone through many changes that have since modernized it to our current century yet has also maintained its historical intregraty.

Myers Y. Cooper

Myers Y. Cooper might be best known as one of the Ohio govenors between the years of 1929 and 1931, yet Cooper is also a pronouced and important figure in Hyde Parks’ history. Before and after his career as Ohio govenor Cooper spent the majority of his life building and constructing houses and buildings for the Hyde Park neighborhood as well as other Eastern Cincinnati suburbs. His former home on Erie Avenue is now Clark Montessori High School; a Cincinnati public school for junior and senior students.

Hyde Park BD Uses LAND USE : HYDE PARK The uses of the Hyde Park Business Distrct are few and the property and buildings are uses for both residential and commercial uses. The buidlings on Erie Avenue in the center of the Square are examples of mixed use buildings and property. the upper portions of the buildings are used for residential while ususally the first floors of the buildings are used for the commercial uses - which are restaurants, shops and other forms of businesses.

The heart of the commercial uses are centered in the Hyde Park Square, and as a person would move outwards from the “heart� they would find themselves in the suburbs of the neighborhood - with homes, schools and churches.

Hyde Park Homes

The Hyde Park neighborhood has been dedicated to single family homes, century old apartments and a mixture of multi-family dwellings.

Many of the homes in Hyde Park were originally built in the early 1900s but Myers Y. Cooper and his family. These Victorian styled mansions were then owned by families with great fortunes for a many of years. Yet in our current era the erection of great estates has gone because they have become hard to manage and expensive to maintain.

Besides construction of the many houses from 1904-1925, the development of streets and the completion of the square was also high priority for the builders and developers for Hyde Park.

The houses in the neighborhood sit inbetween well kept lawns and wide streets, making the neighborhood a great walkable community with clean and safe streets and sidewalks.

Hyde Park offers both inexpensive apartments and multi-million dollar housing. The housing ranges from 300,000 dollars to the millions. Much of the housing stock for Hyde Park is expensive in Cincinnati standards, yet not as high as some other metropolitan areas in the country such as: Los Angles, New York City and Chicago.

Hyde Parks’ Tornado

On March 11, 1917 the first recorded tornado in Cincinnati struck down in the area of Hyde Park. This tornado not only killed three people of the neighborhood but also damaged 500,000 dollars worth of property at the - which in 2010 equaled to the amount of 8 million dollars. Homes and surrounding land were damaged and torn apart, making the restoration and rehabilitation of the homes and landscaping a priority for the neighborhood but also the city. Since then the neighborhood has been rebuilt and looks better than ever.

Hyde Parks’ Significant Landmarks Some significant landmarks and locations that are not only important to Hyde Parks’ history but also great places for recreation and pleasure.

The Hyde Park fountain and walk area is the centerpiece for the Hyde Parks’ Square. it offers a place to sit down and relax while admiring the streetscapes and passerbys.

Graeters ice cream has been the tenant of Hyde Park since the early 1930s. Its honored as a historical landmark and is a great place to enjoy some ice cream.

Other places for recreatinal activites in the Hyde Park neighborhood include parks and and clubs such as the Madison and Adult Park and the Cincinnati and Golf and Country club. Other Activites include the planned events onHyde Park Square, events such as: art shows, marathons and seasonal farmers markets.

Culture Of Hyde Park

0 Under 5 5 to 9 10 to 14 15 to 17 18 to 19 20 21 22 to 24 25 to 29 30 to 34 35 to 39 40 to 44 45 to 49 50 to 54 55 to 59 60 to 61 62 to 64 65 and 66 67 to 69 70 to 74 75 to 79 80 to 84 85 and older

General Popula,on

25000

0 1990

Male

2000

0 1990 2000

Hyde Park Population

20000

15000

10000

5000

2010

Age

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

Female

Median Age

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

2010

Hyde Park Income Average household Income: $96,428 Median Household Income: $68,817

Average Income $120,000 $100,000 $80,000 $60,000 $40,000 $20,000 $0

1990

2000

* Does not account for inflation.

2010

No High School 1%

Educa&on Some College 13%

Graduate Degree 33%

Some High School 1%

Associate Degree 5%

Bachelors Degree 47%

3

1

Hyde Park Area Schools

1 Hyde Park Elementary School 2 St. Mary School 3 Withrow International High School

2

Hyde Park Education

Hyde Park Religion

1

3

4

2

6 5

Hyde Park Area Churches 1 Hyde Park Baptist Church 2 Knox Presbyterian Church 3 St. Mary’s Roman Catholic Church 4 Church of the Redeemer 5 Hyde Park United Methodist Church 6 First Church Scientist

Marital Status Widowed 7%

Households With Children 18%

Divorced 10%

Separated 3%

Children in Households

Never Married 35%

Households Without Children 82%

Married 45%

Year Buildings Were Constructed 5000 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0

Vacant 9%

1939 or 1940 to 1950 to 1960 to 1970 to 1980 to 1990 to 2000 and Earlier 1949 1959 1969 1979 1989 1999 later

Housing Vacancy

Type of Occupied Housing

Rented 47%

Occupied 91%

Owned 53%

Hyde Park Household Life

Hyde Park Community

Hyde Park boasts several large-scale community events all months of the year. Hyde Park Square hosts a farmer’s market on Sundays during the growing seasons, outdoor concerts when it’s warm, art shows, and communities sidewalk sales. Hyde Park even has an annual bike race known as the Hyde Park BLAST. Hyde Park is very helpful in hosting events that benefit and support it’s many small businesses and create a warm, friendly community great for families.

Commute to Work Car. Truck, or Van Public Transporta5on Taxicab Bycycle Walked Other Worked at Home

Ecology Of Hyde Park

Hyde Park Green Space

Hyde Park Golf and Country Club Madison Park Wulsin Triangle

Hyde Park Square Cincinnati Country Club

Ault Park

Benefits of Green Space Green space and foliage can make any community more beautiful however; beauty is not the only benefit. Green spaces and trees contribute to better air quality, atmospheric carbon dioxide reduction, savings in energy costs, storm water management, improve the economy and commerce, and provide a habitat for wildlife.

Existing Urban Tree Canopy by Neighborhood Cincinnati, Ohio Existing UTC Per Neighborhood 0.0% - 17.0% 17.1% - 34.0% 34.1% - 51.0% 51.1% - 68.0%

Hyde Park has a tree canopy percentage of 44% which is the 5th highest in communities east of CBD. The cover is estimated to provide $1,238,616 in annual benefits according to a 2010 study by CITYgreen.

0 0

38.8% of the City of Cincinnati is covered by trees resulting in 19,754 acres of canopy cover.

1 1,250 2,500

2

4 5,000

6 7,500

Meters 10,000

Miles 8

Ăœ

Š 2011 Midwest UTC Project

Cincinnati Country Club 2348 Grandin Rd. Cincinnati, OH 45208

The Cincinnati Golf Club opened in 1895 and is the oldest golf course west of the Allegheny Mountains. Nicholas Longworth, who later became Speaker of the House, laid out the first nine holes of the course. William Howard Taft was the club’s first president, and its members have included Krogers, Proctors, Fleischmans, Pogues, and Kilgours. In 1903, the Cincinnati Country Club opened next door on Grandin Road to the Cincinnati Golf Club and by 1924, the two clubs had merged. The golf course was substantially redone in 1925 and again in 1966. The club has continued its reputation as among Cincinnati’s elite golf courses. The 18-hole course at the Cincinnati Country Club facility features 6,304 yards of golf from the longest tees for a par of 71 . The course rating is 70.8 and it has a slope rating of 130 on Bent grass.

Hyde Park Country Club 3740 Erie Ave. Cincinnati, OH 45208

The Hyde Park Golf and Country Club opened on July 4, 1909 on the homestead of William McCormick. That original site lasted less then two years due to a fire in the clubhouse on March 23, 1911. The club’s board of directors decided to rebuild on the current site near eastern Hyde Park, which faces Erie Ave. The course was redone in 1920 by Donald Ross, the most prominent golf course architect in his day. Much of the course remains just as Ross designed almost a century ago. The veranda on the one-hundred-year old clubhouse overlooks both the ninth and eighteenth greens and provides shade to watch the approaching golfers. The club features banquet facilities, a swimming pool, tennis courts as well as a bowling alley. The 18-hole course at the Hyde Park Golf & Country Club facility features 6,449 yards of golf from the longest tees for a par of 71 . The course rating is 71.7 and it has a slope rating of 126.

Hyde Park Square is the heart of Hyde Park. The park itself is located in the middle of Erie Avenue has been there from the beginning. Michigan Avenue on the east and Edwards Avenue on the west border the square. The Kilgour fountain in the middle has existed since 1900. The park itself originally stood at street level but in 1916, a bandstand was constructed on the east end. In 1926, the square was raised 3 feet and rows of trees were added to both sides of the park. The park today remains raised and lined with trees and shrubs. The four corner buildings were all completed by 1908 and the rest in between, by 1935. Greater’s Ice Cream, the Echo Restaurant, and Arthur’s Restaurant are the 3 longest-lived tenants of the current tenants. Hyde Park Square was intended to encapsulate the shopping and business district and continues to be the main shopping destination in Hyde Park.

Hyde Park Square

“One of Cincinnati’s oldest, and hippest shopping meccas, Hyde Park Square has over 175 one-of-a-kind shops, restaurants and events, and continually reinvents itself to provide patrons with the best, the newest, the most exciting selection in town.�

- www.hydeparksquare.org

Kilgour Fountain

John and Charles Kilgour donated the land for the park to be the center of the business district. The Kilgours generated resentment from residents when their development plan for Hyde Park called for railcar tracks along Erie Avenue. In order to alter these feelings, Charles commissioned a sculptor by the name of Joseph F. Cronin to design the fountain in the middle of the square. The fountain, which is a stone column topped with a female figure with lanterns on two sides and lion heads on all four sides, was dedicated on November 6, 1900 as a gift to the people of Hyde Park. By 1975, the fountain was no longer operational and was rehabilitated in 1976 and again in 2003. Part of the rehabilitation of the fountain included the addition of a larger base with a water feature. The fountain still remains a focal point for the square.

Commerce Of Hyde Park

Hyde Park Business Clusters Hyde Park is zoned with close to 70% residential but has proven to be successful with the businesses that do exist within its borders. Businesses are clustered in 3 main areas; on the northern border, in the northeast on Erie Avenue, and around Hyde Park Square.

Hyde Park Square

Hyde Park Square and Commerce While Hyde Park Square accounts for only 5% of all green space in Hyde Park, it and its surroundings accounts for 70% of commerce. Hyde Park Square has adapted over the years from a hub to meet the everyday needs of Hyde Park’s citizens, to an attraction for residents and visitors.

Hyde Park Retail+Office

There is a solid mix of both retail and office space that contribute to commerce in Hyde Park.

Traditional Neighborhood Neighborhood English Pub Diner Staple

Ice Cream Parlor

Contemporary Community Cuisine Coffee Shop

Hyde Park Retail / Eateries

Hyde Park is home to over 165 shops and restaurants. Most of them are small and independently owned. The neighborhood has no industry and the community plans to keep it that way.

The small shops and eateries attract many people from around Cincinnati and Hyde Park has survived without the development of modern shopping complexes and strip malls.

The downside to this though is that most residence must commute to shop due to the lack of a sufficient grocery store.

Children’s Clothing Store

Outdoor Clothing

Designer Men’s Clothing

Art Gallery

Men’s Apparel

Neighborhood Coffee Shop

Hyde Park Office

Real Estate

Utility Solutions

Travel Organization

Insurance Company

Entrepreneurial Counsel

Real Estate

Insurance Company

Residential Architects

Website Design

Real Estate

Hyde Park has remained primarily a bedroom community and many people commute to work outside of the Hyde Park neighborhood. The work spaces that do exist are primarily smaller with few employees. Even with this being the case, Hyde Park has remained prosperous.

Evaluation Conclusion For Hyde Park

Hyde Park is made up mostly of upper-middle class, white Americans. They are young, well educated and just starting to become established. Daily, they commute to Cincinnati’s downtown for work. Because of this, Hyde Park is a social, well-connected neighborhood. Hyde Park is historical and architecturally attractive, preserved by active and interested community members. However, this has not always been the case. It is just recently that younger professionals have started calling Hyde Park their home. A big reason for this change is that there is a recent resurgence of people (specifically younger generations) wanting to live in an urban area in general. Hyde Park is a great example of an urban community, with every want and need just within walking distance. But as there is with most of America, there is still a great reliance on the automobile.

Culture

The infrastructure has affected the Hyde Park community in a multitude of ways, first being that the early transportation system of the rail system and streetcar helped shape the neighborhood as it is now. These early roads helped form new roads that are now an integrated part of the neighborhood. Secondly, it is interesting to note that Hyde Park was and still is seen as being a resource and a source of wealth for Cincinnati – that is why no major infrastructure like a highway directly runs through it. The transportation of a community in turn shapes the community. The major roads in Hyde Park have been designed to run through the entire neighborhood and also major commercial businesses are located on the highly travelled roads.

Infrastructure

The architecture is important to this community because it links it to the neighborhoods historical past and thus creates room to grow towards the future. The restoration, rehabilitation and preservation of many of the neighborhoods buildings and houses are very important to the community. Hyde Park is considered a prized “gem” for its maintained cultural and historical significance and the preservation of its significance.

Architecture

Ecology

Green spaces are important for every community, especially those in an urban setting. Green spaces and foliage improve the look as well as air quality, energy costs, storm water management, and the economy. The country clubs within Hyde Park play a large role in the community by attracting wealthy supporters with the ability to preserve the clubs as well as the areas around them. Hyde Park Square provides a central location for residence and visitors to gather. With programs in the warmer months, such as the farmers market, art show, and other activities, the square remains a vibrant attraction that it a large asset to the community.

Commerce

Although much of Hyde Park is residential, commerce is an important part.

From the beginning, the plan for Hyde Park never put an emphasis on commerce. There has never been any industry within its borders and that most likely will never change. However, Hyde Park Square was developed to provide for the residence of Hyde Park. Over the years the square has changed and now widens its scope to visitors as well and other areas of retail have popped up over time. Many of the businesses are clustered in three areas as previously mentioned. These areas have become very popular with residence as well as visitors and provide exposure to the area. Many of the businesses are small and privately owned which provides a small town feel to the community. The economy in Hyde Park is thriving with its small boutiques, mom and pop restaurants, and activities in the warmer months. Commerce in Hyde Park reflects communities can adapt and still remain small and prosperous.