The Parametric ADU by Trevor Stephens

THE PARAMETRIC ADU Bringing the accessory dwelling unit to all of Portland

Trevor Stephens

Master of Architecture Thesis 2014 School of Architecture College of the Arts

THE PARAMETRIC ADU Bringing the accessory dwelling unit to all of Portland

The Parametric ADU Bringing the accessory dwelling unit to all of Portland by Trevor Stephens

Thesis document submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Architecture at Portland State University Portland, Oregon June 2014

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PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE COLLEGE OF THE ARTS

The undersigned hereby certify that the Masters thesis of Trevor Stephens has been approved as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Architecture

Thesis Committee: Advisor Aaron Whelton Assistant Professor of Architecture

Date

Margarette Leite Assistant Professor of Architecture

Date

Acknowledgements Throughout my life many have supported and inspired myself through work, school and fun. I would like to first thank my advisor, Aaron Whelton for always guiding me into the right direction with a thesis project that I truly enjoyed working on. Always pulling back the reins for my huge ideas that gave me a final product that I am proud of. Secondly, I would like to thank my additional two advisors: Margarette Leite and Daniel Lajoie. Margarette would always give the hard questions and call me out in the details. While Daniel was there to bring the real world practice to the equation that steered me into the right direction. I thank you both for your support and critique which in the end made a much richer project. Thirdly, I would like to thank Clive and the rest of my reviewers and faculty members for pushing me to make this project become a reality. Additionally I would like to thank my previous professors from UCF and VCC that taught me everything I know and gave me one of the best schooling experiences of my life. Thank you Thomas Mcpeek, Carlos Barios and David Berland. You have been missed. Of coarse I would also like to thank my family for always being there for me. It has been your constant love, guidance and teachings that made me into the person that I am today. Finally, I would like to thank my amazing fiancee, Angela. She has been with me through some of the roughest parts of my life only showing love and support. None of this would of been possible or remotely achievable without you. Youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ll always have all the love I can give.

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Abstract This thesis will be exploring the design and construction of accessory dwelling units (ADUs) using parameter based design tools to give the user a new method to create their own ADU. As a growing city, East Portland has many under utilized spaces in single family residential neighborhoods that can be utilized with ADUs. As people are wanting or needing these smaller houses, how can people cheaply and efficiently make their own house that is just right for them? Using parametric design, an architectural designer can create multiple iterations of a project very quickly. These dwellings can also have many other layers of controls called parameters to design more specifically for each site so the final product can fit people's needs better than traditional design practices. These parameters would be set based on a owners needs for the ADU, the ADUs materials and layout, the main house on a lot with its auxiliary structures, and the actual site itself. The web user interface makes it so a person can pick specific rooms and options available to their specific site. These rooms will be narrowed for the user by the parameters that dictate a final design. Manipulations to parameters such as site dimension, solar orientation, and adjacencies in the script will create tens, and even hundreds of iterations of these ADUs that each site is looking for. The project will dictate the weight of different parameters and what questions/ options are useful to a design that can be set as parameters. The use of multiple sites and users is key for showing how the owners input, along with location, dictate a specific design. These designs will be altered to fit each location and then compared to show how the iterations changed based on their specific parameters.

Table of Contents 1.0

Main Research Question and Why an ADU �� 1

2.0

Past and Current City Conditions �� 4 2.1

3.0

Current Code

Code Shift to PADU �� 8 3.1

PADU Code

4.0

Artifacts and Modeling �� 11

5.0

Mapping and 2 Sites �� 16

6.0

PADU and Web User Interface �� 20 6.1

Web User Interface

7.0 Designs �� 28 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6

ADU ADU ADU ADU ADU ADU

1 Site 1 2 Site 1 3 Site 1 1 Site 2 2 Site 2 3 Site 2

8.0

Conclusion with a Larger Scope �� 56

9.0

Case Studies �� 58 9.0 9.1 9.2

The Harpoon House Modern Modular ONE +

10.0 Glossary �� 64 11.0 Bibliography �� 65

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List of Tables and Figures FIG 1: COMMON ADU TYPES �� 1

FIG 31: INITIAL SITE MAP �� 55

FIG 2: SDC WAIVER CHART �� 2

FIG 32: GROWTH MAP �� 55

FIG 3: ZONING MAP FOR PORTLAND �� 2

FIG 33: THE ADU AS A NORM �� 55

FIG 4: LOT COVERAGE DIAGRAMS �� 3 FIG 5: ADU SIZE RESTRICTIONS DIAGRAM �� 3 FIG 6: CURRANT ADU CODE PAGES 205-1 - 205-4 �� 5 FIG 7: TYPES OF ADUS DIAGRAM �� 7 FIG 8: CONSTRUCTION TRIANGLE DIAGRAM �� 7 FIG 9: PROPOSED PADU CODE PAGES 205-1P - 205-3P �� 9 FIG 10: PARAMETRIC FACADE STUDY ARTIFACT �� 11 FIG 11: PARAMETRIC ROOF ARTIFACT �� 12 FIG 12: SPACIAL RELATIONSHIP AND CONNECTION ARTIFACT ��13 FIG 13: PROPOSED SITE 1 UNIT LAYOUT ARTIFACT �� 13 FIG 14: INITIAL 4 SITE MASSING TEST ARTIFACTS �� 14 FIG 15: OWNER OCCUPIED HOUSING MAP �� 15 FIG 16: DENSITY OF HOUSES MAP �� 15 FIG 17: MODULAR PRE-FAB DIAGRAM �� 19 FIG 18: PRE-FAB AND SHIPPING DIAGRAM �� 19 FIG 19: SITE PLAN 1 �� 30 FIG 20: ROOM SELECTION MATRIX 1 �� 30 FIG 21: SITE PLAN 2 �� 34 FIG 22: ROOM SELECTION MATRIX 2 �� 34 FIG 23: SITE PLAN 3 �� 38 FIG 24: ROOM SELECTION MATRIX 3 �� 38 FIG 25: SITE PLAN 4 �� 44 FIG 26: ROOM SELECTION MATRIX 4 �� 44 FIG 27: SITE PLAN 5 �� 48 FIG 28: ROOM SELECTION MATRIX 5 �� 48 FIG 29: SITE PLAN 6 �� 52 FIG 30: ROOM SELECTION MATRIX 6 �� 52

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(PADU) THE PARAMETRIC ACCESSORY DWELLING UNIT

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How can architecture densify Portland with accessory dwelling units (ADUs) while giving clients a new way to design using parametric design and mass customization?

1.0

Main Research Question and Why an ADU

Granny Flat

Rentable Space

Home Office

ADU

Family Shift

FIG 1: COMMON ADU TYPES

Returning Child

Question: How can architecture densify Portland with accessory dwelling units (ADUs) while giving clients a new way to design using parametric design and mass customization? This thesis investigates a way of life that is growing in popularity around the world, especially in Portland. This investigation will bring ADUs to a larger group of homeowners by giving them a more affordable and customizable ADU. This ADU will be built faster than traditional design and construction methods using prefabrication and a modular system. The scope of the project is in Portland's many single family ADU zoned neighborhoods. According to the census bureau, between 2000 and 2010 Portland gained over 50,000 people while only in the two following years between 2010 to 2012 the population gained over 20,000 people. The growth of Portland is exponentially rising making it second to New York City in residential housing vacancies at under 7%. As a city, changes have to be made to the zoning and building code to accommodate the new arrivals. It should change by allowing a less strict ADU building code with cheaper construction and permitting fees. For people who wanted to expand their living space with ADUs in the past, they needed to pay thousands of dollars to get permits to build on their own land. This amount didn't even start to consider how much the addition would cost with materials costs, contractor fees, and other fees. Once more people started building ADUs, either to rent out or live in for themselves, the permitting fees were lowered to encourage construction.

In 2013, there were almost 200

ADU permit applications received, which is about 25% of all single dwelling permits in Portland. In Portland, there are approximately 800 completed and permitted ADUs. The chart to the upper right shows the dramatic impact of the 2010 System Development Charges (SDCs) waiver which reduces the cost of building an ADU by 8 11 thousand dollars. Additionally, in 2010 the ADU building code was changed to allow ADUs to be built up to 75% of the size of the main house, or 800 ft2 whichever is smaller. The old size limit was 33% of the main house, which was considerably more smaller and more restrictive. It is anticipated that the increased interest in ADUs will continue since the SDC waiver was recently extended until June 30, 2017. Before the original waiver was adopted in early 2010, Portland was permitting 2.6 ADUs per month. That rate jumped to 8.7 ADUs per month in 2011 and was at 12.8 ADUs per month in 2012, which is nearly a fivefold increase in ADU activity from before the waiver went into effect. This is why ADUs were chosen to proceed forward with in this project instead of full scale housing. The ADU is a much cheaper alternative to a housing type rather than rebuilding houses or multi family housing which will almost always be less desirable to families. These ADU additions are becoming more sought after rather than new house construction since it is a more cost effective means of living, not even considering the benefits of renting part of your land to supplement your income. If these ADUs are built instead of more large scale projects, Portland could begin to densify itself to a new level that could be used as a future model for other cities to follow. The densification of Portland can

The five most common reasons to build an ADU are: the granny flat (the most common type), a rentable space for income, a home office, a family (usually a couple) moving into the ADU and renting out the main house, and finally a child returning from school or military and moving into the their parents ADU. The ADU movement in Portland has already been underway for years, which is why there are already a large amount of them in neighborhoods. This amount can be increased with this project by bringing the design process to any homeowner with a user friendly and simple to use interface. Much of Portland is already zoned for ADUs making up the darker teal color on the map to the right. This shows how much potential there is in the ADU market.

RESIDENTIAL ZONING

City of Portland ADU Permit Applications 250

200

Number of Permits

come at a cost that this project can aid with. All of the new ADU construction will become costly which will create wait time for people who are trying to hire contractors and architects to build all of these new projects. This thesis projects goal is to bring the ADU to the consumer for a ready to assemble means of housing. The spaces that people are able to build these ADUs is more accessible than the spaces for multi family buildings. The space for ADUs already exists in Portland and is being underutilized by people who want or need extra living space.

SDC Waiver Begins Spring 2010 150

(medium density multi) • 1-4 Stories (low density multi) • duplexes, townhouses • row houses • 1 lot per 2,500ft2

100

R3 50

(high density multi) • uses FAR

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Year Submitted

(low density multi) • townhouses on large sites

Source: City of Portland, Bureau of Planning and Sustainability

FIG 2: SDC WAIVER CHART

FIG 3: ZONING MAP FOR PORTLAND (high density residential & institutional)

(institutional)

R2.5

(single dwelling) • max height 35 ft [2]

(single dwelling) • ADUs not included in min. /max. density

ADU ALLOWED ZONES 2

10’

Set Backs

60’

5’ 5’ Setbacks on all non-street sides are

5'. 10' for sidewalks at street.

1/2 way up the gable

Street

AS's have additional setbacks of 60' away from the street, or 6' from the existing house. 5’

18 ft.

Building Footprint Max Coverage Grade Max buildable space on a lot for AS's is 15% of the entire lot

ADU Buildable Area

15% of Lot Area 75% of House Area Less than 800 ft²

60’

6’

Average left over buildable space for an AS with 5' setback and 6' space between houses. 0' setback on alleyways.

ADU Max Footprint

15% Maximum footprint for an AS is 15% of the entire lot

FIG 4: LOT COVERAGE DIAGRAMS

FIG 5: ADU SIZE RESTRICTIONS DIAGRAM

2.0

Past and Current City Conditions Presently, the restrictions of the ADU building code for Portland have set many guidelines for the size of the ADU and where its limits are in the owners yard. An ADU has many set limits that cause a final design to be a "mini meâ&#x20AC;? of the main house. A main concept that can be difficult to understand is that nearly any additional construction to a property is considered an auxiliary structure (AS). ASs included structures like garages (attached or detached), covered porches, sheds, etc. An ADU falls under this same category of an AS but goes through more steps to get permitted and constructed because it is a potential 24 hour living space that needs to be safe for its inhabitant. Figure 4 and 5 show this relationship and how they share a percentage of total lot coverage.

2.1

Current Code The following is all of the ADU code for Portland. The marks and cross outs are the early stages on modifying the current ADU code so it wouldn't be so limiting to a final design, not necessarily the overall size of the ADU. These percentages on the previous page have been calculated

so they will work for nearly any home in Portland. That is the main reason they are staying the same to the PADU code shift.

Title 33, Planning and Zoning 4/24/10

Chapter 33.205 Accessory Dwelling Units

Title 33, Planning and Zoning 4/24/10

CHAPTER 33.205 “PARAMETRICACCESSORY DWELLING UNITS”

C. Requirements for all accessory dwelling units. All accessory dwelling units must meet the following: 1. Creation. An accessory dwelling unit may only be created through the following methods:

(Amended by: Ord. No. 171879, effective 2/2/98; Ord. No. 174263, effective 4/15/00; Ord. No. 175837, effective 9/7/01; Ord. Nos. 175965 and 176333, effective 7/1/02; Ord. No. 178172, effective 3/5/04; Ord. No. 178509, effective 7/16/04; Ord. No. 178927, effective 12/31/04; Ord. No. 179845, effective 1/20/06; Ord. No. 183598, effective 4/24/10)

ADU Sections: 33.205.010 Purpose 33.205.020 Where These Regulations Apply 33.205.030 Design Standards 33.205.040 Density

3. Other uses. HOUSING USED AS A BUSINESS a. An accessory dwelling unit is prohibited on a site with a Type B home occupation. b. An accessory dwelling unit is allowed on a site with an approved Bed and Breakfast facility if the accessory dwelling unit meets the standards of Paragraph 33.815.040.B.1.

Accessory dwelling units are allowed in certain situations to: • Create new housing units while respecting the look and scale of single-dwelling development; • Increase the housing stock of existing neighborhoods in a manner that is less intense than alternatives; • Allow more efficient use of existing housing stock and infrastructure; • Provide a mix of housing that responds to changing family needs and smaller households; • Provide a means for residents, particularly seniors, single parents, and families with grown children, to remain in their homes and neighborhoods, and obtain extra income, security, companionship and services; and • Provide a broader range of accessible and more affordable housing.

4. Location of entrances. Only one entrance may be located on the facade of the house, attached house, or manufactured home facing the street, unless the house, attached house, or manufactured home contained additional entrances before the accessory dwelling unit was created. An exception to this regulation is entrances that do not have access from the ground such as entrances from balconies or decks. 5. Parking. No additional parking is required for the accessory dwelling unit. Existing required parking for the house, attached house, or manufactured home must be maintained or replaced on-site.

ALL SINGLE FAMILY ZONES

An accessory dwelling unit may be added to a house, attached house, or manufactured home in an R zone, except for attached houses in the R20 through R5 zones that were built using the regulations of 33.110.240.E, Duplexes and Attached Houses on Corners.

6. Maximum size. The size of the accessory dwelling unit may be no more than 75 percent of the living area of the primary dwelling unit or 800 square feet, whichever is less. The measurements are based on what the square footage of the primary dwelling unit and accessory dwelling unit will be after the accessory dwelling unit is created.

33.205.030 Design Standards A. Purpose. Standards for creating accessory dwelling units address the following purposes: • Ensure that accessory dwelling units are compatible with the desired character and livability of Portland’s residential zones; • Respect the general building scale and placement of structures to allow sharing of common space on the lot, such as driveways and yards; • Ensure that accessory dwelling units are smaller in size than houses, attached houses, or manufactured homes; and • Provide adequate flexibility to site buildings so that they fit the topography of sites. B. Generally. The design standards for accessory dwelling units are stated in this section. If not addressed in this section, the base zone development standards apply.

205-1

a. Converting existing living area, attic, basement or garage; b. Adding floor area; PADU- c. Constructing a detached accessory dwelling unit on a site with an existing house, attached house, or manufactured home; or d. Constructing a new house, attached house, or manufactured home with an internal or detached accessory dwelling unit. 2. Number of residents. The total number of individuals that reside in both units may not exceed the number that is allowed for a household.

33.205.010 Purpose

33.205.020 Where These Regulations Apply

Chapter 33.205 Accessory Dwelling Units

WHY? • • •

7. Exterior finish materials. The exterior finish material must be the same or visually match in type, size and placement, the exterior finish material of the house, attached house, or manufactured home. 8. Roof pitch. The roof pitch must be the same as the predominant roof pitch of the house,

SUSTAINABILITY attached house, or manufactured home. TOO RESTRICTIVE SCALING ISSUES

9. Trim. Trim must be the same in type, size, and location as the trim used on the house, attached house, or manufactured home. 10. Windows. Windows must match those in the house, attached house, or manufactured home in proportion (relationship of width to height) and orientation (horizontal or vertical). This standard does not apply when it conflicts with building code regulations. 205-2

MAIN HOUSE

FIG 6: CURRANT ADU CODE PAGES 205-1 - 205-4

GARAGE ? ADU DOG HOUSE DOLL HOUSE

Title 33, Planning and Zoning 4/24/10

MINI-ME ? ?

Chapter 33.205 Accessory Dwelling Units

11. Eaves. Eaves must meet one of the following:

a. The eaves must project from the building walls the same distance as the eaves on the house, attached house, or manufactured home;

Title 33, Planning and Zoning 4/24/10

Chapter 33.205 Accessory Dwelling Units

33.205.040 Density In the single-dwelling zones, accessory dwelling units are not included in the minimum or maximum density calculations for a site. In all other zones, accessory dwelling units are included in the minimum density calculations, but are not included in the maximum density calculations.

b. The eaves must project from the building walls at least 1 foot on all elevations; or c. If the house, attached house, or manufactured home has no eaves, no eaves are required on the accessory dwelling unit. D. Additional requirements for detached accessory dwelling units. Detached accessory dwelling units must meet the following. 1. Setbacks. The accessory dwelling unit must be at least: a. 60 feet from the front lot line; or

ARE THESE NECESSARY?

b. 6 feet behind the house, attached house, or manufactured home.

IS THIS STILL NEEDED?

2. Height. The maximum height allowed for a detached accessory dwelling unit is 18 feet.

3. Bulk limitation. The building coverage for the detached accessory dwelling unit may not be larger than the building coverage of the house, attached house, or manufactured home. The combined building coverage of all detached accessory structures may not exceed 15 percent of the total area of the site. IS THIS TOO SMALL? 4. Conversion of existing detached accessory structures. a. In RF through R2.5 zones, conversion of an existing detached accessory structure that is in a front building setback required by Table 110-3 is not allowed. Conversion of an existing detached accessory structure that is in a rear or side building setback is allowed as provided by Subsection 33.110.250.C, Setbacks. b. In R3 through IR zones, conversion of an existing detached accessory structure that is in a front building setback required by Table 120-3 is not allowed. Conversion of an existing detached accessory structure that is in a rear or side building setback is allowed as provided by Subsection 33.120.280.C, Setbacks c. If the accessory dwelling unit is proposed for an existing detached accessory structure that meets any of the standards of Paragraphs C.7 through C.11 and Paragraphs D.2 and D.3, alterations that will move the structure out of conformance with the standards that are met are not allowed; d. If the accessory dwelling unit is proposed for an existing detached accessory structure that does not meet one or more of the standards of Paragraphs C.7 through C.11, the structure is exempt from the standard it does not meet. If any floor area is added to the detached accessory structure, the entire structure must meet the standards of Paragraphs C.7 through C.11.

205-3

205-4

Conversion

PADU

Attached

Detached

Entire Construction FIG 7: TYPES OF ADUS DIAGRAM

CONSTRUCTION TRIANGLE - Pick 2

PADU TRIANGLE - You get the best of all 3 PAY FOR QUALITY

PAY FOR QUALITY

COST

TIME

PAY FOR QUALITY PAY FOR QUALITY

TIME

COST

HIGH COST

QUALITY

LONG BUILD

QUALITY

COST

TIME

PADU

LONG BUILD HIGH COST

LONG BUILD

HIGH COST

QUAL

QUALITY

PAY FOR QUALITY

FIG 8: CONSTRUCTION TRIANGLE DIAGRAM PAY FOR QUALITY

TIME

COST

TIME HIGH COST

3.0

Code Shift to PADU This project proposes an alternative for the new ADU housing. The code was updated from the older (2010) more restrictive code which essentially states that an ADU is a "mini-me" of the original house. This thesis wants to increase quality, decrease design and construction time, while lowering cost to the consumer using modular prefabricated units that ship and piece together on site. This makes the typical construction (or contractor) triangle not be valid since the PADU user will get the best of all three sections. Right in the "sweet spotâ&#x20AC;? of the triangle. Detached ADUs were chosen to move forward with because of their ability of diversity and space requirements and privacy for their potential inhabitants.

Title 33, Planning and Zoning 2/15/14

Chapter 33.205P Parametric Accessory Dwelling Units

Title 33, Planning and Zoning 2/15/14

Chapter 33.205P Parametric Accessory Dwelling Units

have access from the ground such as entrances from balconies or decks.

CHAPTER 33.205 PARAMETRIC ACCESSORY DWELLING UNITS Purpose Parametric accessory dwelling units are allowed to: • Increase the number of livable spaces in existing neighborhoods; • Allow more efficient use of existing housing without major rebuilding or remodeling; • Provide a mix of housing that responds to changing family needs, supplemental income, and smaller households; • Provide a means for residents, particularly seniors, single parents, and families with grown children, to remain in their homes and neighborhoods, and obtain extra income, security, companionship and services; • Provide a broader range of accessible and more affordable housing; and • Enhance the sustainability of a given property.

Where These Regulations Apply A parametric accessory dwelling unit may be added to a house, attached house, or manufactured home in any R zone.

Design Standards

4. Parking. No additional parking is required for the parametric accessory dwelling unit. Existing required parking for the house, attached house, or manufactured home must be maintained or replaced on-site. 5. Maximum size. The size of the parametric accessory dwelling unit may be no more than 75 percent of the living area of the primary dwelling unit or 800 square feet, whichever is less. The measurements are based on what the square footage of the primary dwelling unit and parametric accessory dwelling unit will be after the parametric accessory dwelling unit is created. 6. Sustainability: The parametric accessory dwelling unit must comply to current energy standards. D. Additional requirements for detached parametric accessory dwelling units. Detached parametric accessory dwelling units must meet the following. 1. Setbacks. The parametric accessory dwelling unit must be at least: a. 60 feet from the front lot line; or b. 6 feet behind the house, attached house, or manufactured home.

A. Purpose. Standards for creating parametric accessory dwelling units address the following purposes: • Ensure that the parametric accessory dwelling units are compatible with the desired character and livability of Portland’s residential zones; • Respect the general building scale and placement of structures to allow sharing of common space on the lot, such as driveways and yards; • Provide adequate flexibility to site buildings so that they fit the topography of sites. • The parametric accessory dwelling unit must enhance the existing lot B. Generally. The design standards for parametric accessory dwelling units are stated in this section. If not addressed in this section, the base zone development standards apply. C. Requirements for all parametric accessory dwelling units. All parametric accessory dwelling units must meet the following: 1. Creation. A parametric accessory dwelling unit may only be created through the following methods: a. Constructing a detached accessory dwelling unit on a site with an existing house.

2. Height. The maximum height allowed for a detached parametric accessory dwelling unit is 18 feet. 3. Bulk limitation. The building coverage for the detached parametric accessory dwelling unit may not be larger than the building coverage of the house, attached house, or manufactured home. The combined building coverage of all detached parametric accessory structures may not exceed 15 percent of the total area of the site. 4. Coverage. Additional parts of the parametric accessory dwelling unit do not count towards area of coverage or overall unit area. Objects or building assemblies that do not count towards square footages are: a. Sun Shades. A device or structure that shades the windows or facade of the PADU. b. Cantilever. A horizontal projection, such as a step, balcony, beam, or canopy, which appears to be self-supporting but is in fact counterbalanced by a downward force on the far side of a fulcrum. Unsupported balconies will be treated as cantilever square footage. The cantilever should not extend out from the footprint more than three feet.

2. Number of residents. The total number of individuals that reside in both units will double after construction completion. 3. Location of entrances. Only one entrance may be located on the facade of the house, facing the street, unless the house contained additional entrances before the parametric accessory dwelling unit was created. An exception to this regulation is entrances that do not 205-1P

FIG 9: PROPOSED PADU CODE PAGES 205-1P - 205-3P

205-2P

3.1

PADU Code Title 33, Planning and Zoning 2/15/14

Chapter 33.205P Parametric Accessory Dwelling Units

E. Parameters 1. Site. a. Lot coverage

c. Solar Orientation d. Adjacencies e. Vegetation 2. Main House. a. Location b. Egresses

f. House g. Other ASâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s h. Alley vs. no alley i. Setbacks d. Views e. Separation

c. Shadow 3. PADU. a. Building height b. Footprint

The PADU code will allow more freedom to the architectural designer, and the homeowner designer. This will allow for unique designs that will bring the relationship closer between the ADU and its inhabitants. The main parameters for the design and location are imbedded into the code to show how and why all of the design choices were made and how they effect its surroundings.

d. Program e. Allowable Area

c. Stories 4. Owner / User. a. Program b. PADU area

c. Privacy

Density In the single-dwelling zones, parametric accessory dwelling units are not included in the minimum or maximum density calculations for a site. In all other zones, parametric accessory dwelling units are included in the minimum density calculations, but are not included in the maximum density calculations.

205-3P

4.0

Artifact - [ahr-tuh-fakt] noun: any object made by human beings, especially with a view to subsequent use.

Artifacts and Modeling

FIG 10: PARAMETRIC FACADE STUDY ARTIFACT

Early explorations were done using different types of media to exhibit the many directions of thought that went through the research process. This is a media analysis that was done to show how parametrically designing a surface can be simplified and manipulated easily and quickly using "slidersâ&#x20AC;? to adjust variables like height, length, rows, columns and even transposing NURBS (Non-uniform rational B-spline) onto the surface pattern. The digital grasshopper model was made in less than 30 minutes while recreating them in paper models took ~150 minutes. The digital model can also be rapidly printed with a 3D printer for an even more precise model that is made in a fraction of the time.

This media exploration was done to see how wood truss members would change if angles were altered. The controls for this analysis were based on pre fabricated panels to see how they changed the overall unit when manipulated. The three rows are organized based on the left "roof panel” dimension. These units are (at scale): 8' (top row), 6' (middle row), and 4' (bottom row). The bottom dimension also stayed the same for all models, which was 10'. The three columns are based on three angles: 15º (left column), 30º (middle column), and 45º (right column). While these controls stayed the same, the top angle and right "roof panel” changed drastically. This shows how pre fabricated panels at set sizes can change others in a design.

83°

96"

98°

45°

123° 30°

15°

120"

99° 72" 118° 45° 30°

145° 15°

120"

48"

45°

113° 133°

30° 15°

155° 120"

FIG 11: PARAMETRIC ROOF ARTIFACT

The media exploration to the left is a set of wood blocks that join together in different ways. The goal was to see how many types of connections could be found in a short period of time using different means of joinery. This exploration was to see how a house could relate to an ADU, or an ADU relates to another AS, or even how an ADU relates to itself. These relationships differ by how their context creates their joint. The below model was an early design model for choosing layouts for site 1 PADUs. The blocks were built at specific dimensions so a design could be assembled like a kit of parts. The three masses above this were the initial massing models of the first three designs. The four site models on the right page were finished models of the four early sites for massing and layout design.

FIG 12: SPACIAL RELATIONSHIP AND CONNECTION ARTIFACT

FIG 13: PROPOSED SITE 1 UNIT LAYOUT ARTIFACT

FIG 14: INITIAL 4 SITE MASSING TEST ARTIFACTS

FIG 15: OWNER OCCUPIED HOUSING MAP FIG 16: DENSITY OF HOUSES MAP

5.0 Mapping and 2 Sites Two sites were selected based on owner occupied housing and housing density to show the diversity of Portland's housing and lot sizes. The two that were chosen show a typical sized house and lot for the city of Portland. Additionally, the two sites are oriented in two different directions (North and South) so that solar orientation can be factored into the parameters and be shown how it effects the design. The sites also have a size diversity as well with house square footage and the space that an ADU can be built in the yards. This includes one flat site and one with a topography change.

PORTLAND, OREGON Highways Bridges Rivers Neighborhood ¼ ½

Columbia River

I-5

I-205

Willamette River

I-84

I-84 I-405 HW 26

I-205

I-5

Miles

100 ft.

SITE 1 5311 NE Davis St. House Area: 1,344 ft.2 Building Footprint: 1,643 ft.2 Lot Area: 5,000 ft.2 Back Yard Area: 1,748 ft.2 Max AS Area: 750 ft.2

Minus AS lot coverage

Max ADU Area: 1,008 ft.2 Max ADU Footprint: 290 ft.2

50 ft.

Existing AS = Covered patio (120 ft.2) + Detached garage (340 ft.2) = 460 ft.2 Max ADU Footprint = Max AS Area (750 ft.2) - Existing AS (460 ft.2) = 290 ft.2

100 ft.

SITE 2 10126 SE Brooklyn Ct. House Area: 1,919 ft.2 Building Footprint: 1,462 ft.2 Lot Area: 6,000 ft.2 Back Yard Area: 1,661 ft.2 Max AS Area: 900 ft.2

Minus AS lot coverage

Max ADU Area: 1,439 ft.2 Max ADU Footprint: 400 ft.2

60 ft.

Existing AS = Covered Deck (56 ft.2) + Attached garage (444 ft.2) = 500 ft.2 Max ADU Footprint = Max AS Area (900 ft.2) - Existing AS (500 ft.2) = 400 ft.2

FIG 17: MODULAR PRE-FAB DIAGRAM

FIG 18: PRE-FAB AND SHIPPING DIAGRAM

6.0 PADU and Web User Interface A large aspect of this thesis is the idea that the programming and parameter based design of ADUs will make them more accessible to the homeowner. Prefabricating all of the units in a shop will reduce waste and construction costs. The units will be produced for each PADU individually and test fitted in shop so the installer and specialists on site have a fool-proof system to reassemble. These components are designed to be universal and fit together with almost any other unit. The only constraints for a design are the constraints that are imposed by the user or the site itself with its buildable space. The materials used for the framing and structure will be wood 2â&#x20AC;?x4â&#x20AC;?s and plywood. Units will ship to the site on a flatbed truck accompanied by a forklift. The individual units are designed so they attach together in 8'-6" wide (or smaller) increments. The larger units are assembled together, which built with up to six smaller units. The units are limited to 8'-6â&#x20AC;? wide due to oversized transportation standards. This unit size is the maximum size allowed for non oversized loads. This alleviates the need for follow vehicles for oversized loads and an additional driver. The driver or installer will place and install the units and specialists will finish with plumbing, electrical, etc. for occupancy.

6.1 Web User Interface

ts PADU http://www.parametricadu.com

The architectural designer will then input the design into Grasshopper (a parametric design plug-in for Rhinoceros 3-D) where they will run a script that will create a brise soleil system with louvres. These louvres are set at specific angles that will shade the walls and windows while allowing views of the yard and surroundings with an adjusted amount of light for comfort in the PADU.

5311 NE Davis St.

How can architecture densify Portland with small houses while giving people individuality and specificity using parametric design and mass customization?

Trevor Stephens

Get Started

Case Studies

News

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Home > Get Started > Lot Coverage

Lot Coverage Get Started Address Look-up <Lot Coverage> Room Choices Room Layout Wall Cuts Doors & Windows ADU Placement Circulation Extras Case Studies

5311 NE Davis Street Portland, OR 97213

House Area: 1,344 ft.2 Building Footprint: 1643 ft.2 Lot Area: 5,000 ft.2 Back Yard Area: 1,748 ft.2 Max AS Area: 750 ft.2 Minus AS lot coverage

News

Max ADU Area: 1,008 ft.2 800 ft.2 Max Max ADU Footprint: 290 ft.2

About Us Contact Us

Existing AS = Covered patio (120 ft.2) + Detached garage (340 ft.2) = 460 ft.2 Max ADU Footprint = Max AS Area (750 ft.2) - Existing AS (460 ft.2) = 290 ft.2 Usable Unit

Not Applicable

Highlighted

Area

136 SF

275 SF

278 SF

419 SF

417 SF

561 SF

17' KITCHENS

ts PADU

(PADU)

Calculated Area: 0 ft.2 Available Area: 580 ft.2

Area

193 SF

194 SF

291 SF

294 SF

292 SF

394 SF

Area 95 SF http://www.parametricadu.com

Home > Get Started > Room Choices > Kitchen

12' KITCHENS

Kitchen Usable Unit

Not Applicable

Highlighted

THE PARAMETRIC ACCESSORY DWELLING UNIT by:

Trevor Stephens

Get Started Address Look-up Lot Coverage Room Choices <Kitchen> Bedroom Bathroom Circulation Dining Living Extras Room Layout Wall Cuts Doors & Windows ADU Placement Extras Case Studies

The web site to the right will go through the process with the first of six designs. First, the user will enter their address into the system which will give the user the information the program is using for square footages and set backs. The second image shows how some of the rooms are narrowed based on the units being too big for the site.

Address Look-up

THE PARAMETRIC ACCESSORY DWELLING UNIT by:

Account | Wish List | Saved PADU Live Chat ? Help Welcome Trevor | Logout

News About Us

Area

161 SF

243 SF

Area 325 SF

Area

325 SF

410 SF

495 SF

Area

10' KITCHENS Area

Area

136 SF

275 SF

278 SF

419 SF

417 SF

561 SF

17' KITCHENS Area

Area

79 SF

161 SF

242 SF

Area

95 SF

193 SF

194 SF

Area

409 SF

494 SF

Area

Kitchen #23 324 SF • 12’ x 17’ = 194 ft.2 • Island barArea - seats 4 10' KITCHENS • Space for table & couch

324 SF ADD

291 SF

Area

294 SF

292 SF

394 SF

12' KITCHENS Area

Area

63 SF

128 SF

193 SF

258 SF

326 SF

394 SF

Area

161 SF

243 SF

325 SF

8' KITCHENS Area

12’ - 0”

The user will then create a doors and windows layout based on adjacencies, what room it is in, and how much light will enter that space. This website also allows the user to pick how the PADU fits on their site.

(PADU)

KITCHENS

This interface is a website that will give the user for PADU a place to set up and design their own PADU. The website is where the parametric nature of this project emerges. The parameters chosen by the architectural designer will dictate how a site allows and narrows the selection from each category of units. This will allow a user to pick what kind of spaces and sizes they want in their PADU. Currently, there are hundreds of modular room designs that fit together as a system of interchangeable, interlocking parts that are designed by the architect. The user, once all of the units are selected, can arrange them how they see fit, based on the set parameters of the program.

325 SF

Area

410 SF

495 SF

17’ - 0”

10' KITCHENS

Area

79 SF

161 SF

242 SF

324 SF

409 SF

494 SF

10' KITCHENS

Area

63 SF

128 SF

193 SF

258 SF

326 SF

394 SF

8' KITCHENS

Calculated Area: 194 ft.2 Available Area: 386 ft.2

ts PADU http://www.parametricadu.com

(PADU)

Home > Get Started > Room Choices > Bedroom

Bedroom Usable Unit

THE PARAMETRIC ACCESSORY DWELLING UNIT

Not Applicable

Highlighted

Trevor Stephens

Case Studies News About Us

Area

136 SF

275 SF

278 SF

419 SF

417 SF

561 SF

17' BEDROOMS

Bedroom #21 • 8’ - 6” x 12’ = 95 ft.2 Area • Area Fits up to a Queen size bed

Area 95 SF

193 SF

ADD

194 SF

Area

291 SF

294 SF

292 SF

394 SF

12' BEDROOMS

Area

8’ - 6”

Get Started Address Look-up Lot Coverage Room Choices Kitchen <Bedroom> Bathroom Circulation Dining Living Extras Room Layout Wall Cuts Doors & Windows ADU Placement Extras

BEDROOMS

by:

After the kitchen was chosen the rooms were narrowed even more based on the square footage that the kitchen used in the overall allowed area. A bedroom was chosen for the layout and the leftover square footage drops a little more.

161 SF

Area

243 SF

325 SF

410 SF

495 SF

12’ - 0” 10' BEDROOMS

Area

79 SF

161 SF

242 SF

324 SF

409 SF

494 SF

10' BEDROOMS

Area

63 SF

128 SF

193 SF

258 SF

326 SF

394 SF

8' BEDROOMS

Calculated Area: 289 ft.2 Available Area: 291 ft.2

ts PADU http://www.parametricadu.com

(PADU)

Home > Get Started > Room Choices > Circulation

Circulation

Kitchen #23 • 10’ x 8’ - 6’ = 79 ft.2 • Bathtub • Large Shower • Vanity

Usable Unit

Trevor Stephens

Get Started Address Look-up Lot Coverage Room Choices Kitchen Bedroom Bathroom <Circulation> Dining Living Extras Room Layout Wall Cuts Doors & Windows ADU Placement Extras Case Studies News About Us Contact Us

Area 79 SF

Area 67 SF

ADD

Not Applicable

Highlighted

Not Applicable

Highlighted

Area Area Area Area 63 SF 46 SF 38 SF 30 SF

BATHROOMS

UTILITY

10' - 0" Usable Unit

Area

43 SF

46 SF

55 SF

66 SF

89 SF

94 SF

111 SF

CIRCULATION

by:

BATHROOMS

THE PARAMETRIC ACCESSORY DWELLING UNIT

This screen show the next two spaces being chosen for the PADU. A large bathroom and a circulation space for access to the second floor.

Area Vertical Circulation #18 • 17’ x1346’SF= 94 ft.2 • Switchback Stairs • Circulation space

Area

ADD 168 SF

143 SF

Area

191 SF

202 SF

6' VERTICAL CIRCULATION Area

Area

28 SF

30 SF

35 SF

43 SF

58 SF

61 SF

72 SF

87 SF

92 SF

109 SF

123 SF

131 SF

4' VERTICAL CIRCULATION

Area

43 SF

46 SF

55 SF

66 SF

89 SF

94 SF

111 SF

134 SF

Area 17' - 0" 143 SF

Area

168 SF

191 SF

202 SF

6' HORIZONTAL CIRCULATION Area

Area

28 SF

30 SF

35 SF

43 SF

58 SF

61 SF

72 SF

87 SF

92 SF

109 SF

123 SF

131 SF

4' HORIZONTAL CIRCULATION

Usable Unit

Not Applicable

Highlighted Calculated Area: 462 ft.2 Available Area: 18 ft.2

Area

136 SF

275 SF

278 SF

419 SF

417 SF

561 SF

17' DINING

Area

95 SF

193 SF

194 SF

291 SF

294 SF

292 SF

394 SF

12' DINING

The site did not allow space for any additional rooms so the dining rooms and offices were skipped.

ts PADU http://www.parametricadu.com

(PADU)

Home > Get Started > Room Choices > Dining

Dining Usable Unit

Not Applicable

Highlighted

THE PARAMETRIC ACCESSORY DWELLING UNIT

Trevor Stephens

Case Studies News

Area

136 SF

275 SF

278 SF

419 SF

417 SF

561 SF

17' DINING

DINING ROOMS

by:

Get Started Address Look-up Lot Coverage Room Choices Kitchen Bedroom Bathroom Circulation <Dining> Living Extras Room Layout Wall Cuts Doors & Windows ADU Placement Extras

Area

95 SF

193 SF

194 SF

291 SF

294 SF

292 SF

394 SF

12' DINING

Area

161 SF

243 SF

325 SF

410 SF

495 SF

10' DINING

About Us Contact Us

Area

30 SF

46 SF

63 SF

67 SF

79 SF

95 SF

128 SF

136 SF

161 SF

8.5' DINING

FFICES

Usable Unit

Highlighted

Area

63 SF

128 SF

193 SF

67 SF

136 SF

79 SF

161 SF

95 SF

193 SF

8' OFFICE

10' OFFICE

8.5' OFFICE

Area

Calculated Area: 462 ft.2 194 SF 136 SF Available Area: 18 ft.2

12' OFFICE

17' OFFICE

ts PADU http://www.parametricadu.com

(PADU)

Home > Get Started > Room Layout

Room Layout Usable Unit

Not Applicable

Highlighted

THE PARAMETRIC ACCESSORY DWELLING UNIT

Area

63 SF

128 SF

193 SF

67 SF

136 SF

79 SF

161 SF

95 SF

193 SF

194 SF

136 SF

8' OFFICE

Usable Unit

ROOM LAYOUT

About Us

FLOOR 1 AREA = 288 ft.2

12' OFFICE

Not Applicable

Kitchen

Case Studies News

10' OFFICE

8.5' OFFICE

Under 290 ft.2

FLOOR 2 AREA = 135 ft.2

17' OFFICE

Highlighted

Circulation

Get Started Address Look-up Lot Coverage Room Choices <Room Layout> Wall Cuts Doors & Windows ADU Placement Extras

Bathroom

Trevor Stephens

Bedroom

by:

OFFICES

The room layout tab allows the user to adjust how these rooms fit together. Each room will have a set of parameters to how they can be oriented to each other.

Not Applicable

Under 290 ft.2

Calculated Area: 462 ft.2 Available Area: 18 ft.2

ts PADU http://www.parametricadu.com

(PADU)

Home > Get Started > Wall Cuts

Wall Cuts

THE PARAMETRIC ACCESSORY DWELLING UNIT

Modify Tool

l Cut Opening

l Remove Wall

l Add Wall

Add Column

Remove Column

Trevor Stephens

Get Started Address Look-up Lot Coverage Room Choices Room Layout <Wall Cuts> Doors & Windows ADU Placement Extras Case Studies

WALL CUTS

by:

The user will then be able to remove or shorten specified walls in addition to adding walls where they see fit, to an extent that the architectural designer allows.

News About Us Contact Us

Calculated Area: 462 ft.2 Available Area: 18 ft.2

This screen is the beginning step of creating the doors and windows layout. Notice that some of the walls are already cut out of the interior spaces.

ts PADU http://www.parametricadu.com

(PADU)

Home > Get Started > Doors & Windows

Doors & Windows

THE PARAMETRIC ACCESSORY DWELLING UNIT

Trevor Stephens

Case Studies News About Us

Doors

Windows Single-Flush

Qty.

30” x 84”

FLOOR 1

ADD ADD

30” x 80”

32” x 84”

OPENINGS

Get Started Address Look-up Lot Coverage Room Choices Room Layout Wall Cuts <Doors & Windows> ADU Placement Extras

Modify Tool

DOORS & WINDOWS

by:

34” x 80”

Switch Hinge

OPENINGS OPENINGS

34” x 84” 36” x 80” 36” x 84”

FLOOR 2

Calculated Area: 462 ft.2 Available Area: 18 ft.2

ts PADU http://www.parametricadu.com

(PADU)

Home > Get Started > Doors & Windows

Doors & Windows

THE PARAMETRIC ACCESSORY DWELLING UNIT by:

Trevor Stephens

Get Started Address Look-up Lot Coverage Room Choices Room Layout Wall Cuts <Doors & Windows> ADU Placement Extras Case Studies

About Us

Windows

Doors

Fixed Qty. 2

ADD

24” x 16” 48” x 16” 72” x 16” 24” x 24” 48” x 24” 24” x 24” OPENINGS OPENINGS

72” x 36” 48” x 36”

OPENINGS

News

Modify Tool

DOORS & WINDOWS

These two screens are showing the windows that are available for positioning in the ADU. There are "hot spots" for each wall that the program allows for structural construction.

FLOOR 1

72” x 36”

FLOOR 2

Louvres - 1 Bay Qty. 2

27” x 54” 27” x 63”

48” x 63”

OPENINGS

51” x 15” 63” x 15” 63” x 24” 1

83” x 36” 95” x 24”

Calculated Area: 462 ft.2 Available Area: 18 ft.2

ts PADU http://www.parametricadu.com

(PADU)

Home > Get Started > Doors & Windows

Doors & Windows Modify Tool

Trevor Stephens

Case Studies News About Us

ADD

95” x 24” Louvres - 2 Bay Qty. 19” x 63” 31” x 48”

OPENINGS OPENINGS

39” x 63” 48” x 48”

FLOOR 1

FLOOR 2

48” x 63”

OPENINGS

83” x 36”

OPENINGS

Get Started Address Look-up Lot Coverage Room Choices Room Layout Wall Cuts <Doors & Windows> ADU Placement Extras

Windows 63” x 24”

Doors

OPENINGS

by:

DOORS & WINDOWS

THE PARAMETRIC ACCESSORY DWELLING UNIT

Louvres - 3 Bay Qty.

19” x 134”

60” x 66”

Calculated Area: 462 ft.2 Available Area: 18 ft.2

The final step is placement of the PADU. This is where the program would allow you to shift the final design around and fit it into an acceptable location based on PADU building code.

ts PADU http://www.parametricadu.com

(PADU)

Home > Get Started > ADU Placement

ADU Placement Modify Tool

THE PARAMETRIC ACCESSORY DWELLING UNIT

Get Started Address Look-up Lot Coverage Room Choices Room Layout <ADU Placement> Extras Case Studies News About Us

Move

Rotate

Trevor Stephens

ADU PLACEMENT

by:

Calculated Area: 462 ft.2 Available Area: 18 ft.2

A final part to the web interface is an augmented reality app that shows the new PADU in place based on the devices accelerometer and GPS telemetry.

PORTLAND, OREGON Highways Bridges Rivers Neighborhood ¼ ½

Columbia River

I-5

I-205

Willamette River

I-84

I-84 I-405 HW 26

I-205

I-5

Miles

7.0 Designs The following 6 designs are on two sites that show their specific "matrix" of how the client used the web site to select each of the specific rooms for their final design.

House Area: 1,344 ft.2 Building Footprint: 1,643 ft.2 Lot Area: 5,000 ft.2 Back Yard Area: 1,748 ft.2 Max AS Area: 750 ft.2

Minus AS lot coverage

Max ADU Area: 1,008 ft.2 Max ADU Footprint: 290 ft.2

100 ft.

SITE 1 5311 NE Davis St.

50 ft.

Existing AS = Covered patio (120 ft.2) + Detached garage (340 ft.2) = 460 ft.2 Max ADU Footprint = Max AS Area (750 ft.2) - Existing AS (460 ft.2) = 290 ft.2

Granny Flat

Rentable Space

Home Office

Family Shift

Returning Child

7.1

This proposed PADU is for a "client" that designed a guest house for their daughter. The large Southern facing windows allow in large amounts of day light with a large private space. The kitchen is also large for entertaining guests and having free movement space. The focus of this PADU is based around a young persons busy life and activities.

17' - 0"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

M1-S1

8' - 6"

34' - 0"

25' - 6"

34' - 0"

24' - 0"

17' - 0"

36' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0" 17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' KITCHENS

25' - 6"

12' KITCHENS 8' - 6"

25' - 6" 8' - 6"

17' - 0" 20' - 0"

25' - 6"

20' - 0"

8' - 6" 20' - 0"

10' - 0"

17' - 0" 17' - 0"

10' - 0"

10' KITCHENS

30' - 0"

20' - 0"

30' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

10' - 0"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

ADU 1 Site 1

17' - 0"

10' KITCHENS

8' - 0"

17' - 0"

16' - 0" 8' - 6"

17' - 0"

16' - 0" 8' - 6"

8' - 6"

8' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 0"

16' - 0"

8' - 6"

24' - 0"

17' - 0"

24' - 0" 16' - 0"

8' - 0"

8' - 6"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' KITCHENS

34' - 0"

25' - 6"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

36' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0" 17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0"

12' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' BEDROOMS

25' - 6"

12' BEDROOMS 8' - 6"

25' - 6" 8' - 6"

20' - 0"

17' - 0" 20' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

25' - 6"

10' - 0"

17' - 0" 17' - 0"

10' BEDROOMS

30' - 0"

20' - 0"

30' - 0" 17' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

10' - 0"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

8' - 6"

10' - 0" 17' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

10' BEDROOMS

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 0" 8' - 6"

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

8' - 0" 8' - 6"

8' - 6"

16' - 0"

8' - 6"

24' - 0"

8' - 6"

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

24' - 0" 8' - 0"

8' BEDROOMS

4' - 0" 8' - 0"

6' - 0" 5' - 0" 4' - 0"

BATHROOMS

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

UTILITY

17' - 0"

8' - 6"

10' - 0"

34' - 0"

25' - 6"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

24' - 0"

36' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0" 17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' DINING

25' - 6"

12' DINING 25' - 6"

8' - 6" 17' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

8' - 6" 20' - 0"

10' - 0"

25' - 6"

20' - 0"

17' - 0" 17' - 0"

10' DINING

6' - 0"

8' - 0"

8' - 6"

10' - 0"

12' - 0"

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

4' - 0"

8.5' DINING

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

8' OFFICE

FIG 19: SITE PLAN 1

8.5' OFFICE

17' - 0"

10' OFFICE

20' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0"

12' OFFICE

17' - 0"

17' - 0" 8' - 6"

24' - 0"

12' - 0"

16' - 0"

10' - 0"

8' - 0"

17' OFFICE

FIG 20: ROOM SELECTION MATRIX 1

PADU

H1 - S1 Floorplan 1 ¼” = 1’-0”

PADU

H1 - S1 Floorplan 2 ¼” = 1’-0”

PADU

H1 - S1 Section ¼” = 1’-0”

Granny Flat

Rentable Space

Home Office

Family Shift

Returning Child

7.2

This proposed PADU is for a "client" that designed a granny flat for their mother in law. The PADU is only one story since the grandmother is unable to climb many stairs. The spaces are for a single person with very few guests. The focus of this PADU is around the kitchen and dining room since the grandmother enjoys cooking.

17' - 0"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

M2-S1

8' - 6"

34' - 0"

25' - 6"

34' - 0"

24' - 0"

17' - 0"

36' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0" 17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' KITCHENS

25' - 6"

12' KITCHENS 8' - 6"

25' - 6" 8' - 6"

17' - 0" 20' - 0"

25' - 6"

20' - 0"

8' - 6" 20' - 0"

10' - 0"

17' - 0" 17' - 0"

10' - 0"

10' KITCHENS

30' - 0"

20' - 0"

30' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

10' - 0"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

ADU 2 Site 1

17' - 0"

10' KITCHENS

8' - 0"

17' - 0"

16' - 0" 8' - 6"

17' - 0"

16' - 0" 8' - 6"

8' - 6"

8' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 0"

16' - 0"

8' - 6"

24' - 0"

17' - 0"

24' - 0" 16' - 0"

8' - 0"

8' - 6"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' KITCHENS

34' - 0"

25' - 6"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

36' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0" 17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0"

12' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' BEDROOMS

25' - 6"

12' BEDROOMS 8' - 6"

25' - 6" 8' - 6"

20' - 0"

17' - 0" 20' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

25' - 6"

10' - 0"

17' - 0" 17' - 0"

10' BEDROOMS

30' - 0"

20' - 0"

30' - 0" 17' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

10' - 0"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

8' - 6"

10' - 0" 17' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

10' BEDROOMS

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 0" 8' - 6"

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

8' - 0" 8' - 6"

8' - 6"

16' - 0"

8' - 6"

24' - 0"

8' - 6"

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

24' - 0" 8' - 0"

8' BEDROOMS

4' - 0" 8' - 0"

6' - 0" 5' - 0" 4' - 0"

BATHROOMS

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

UTILITY

17' - 0"

8' - 6"

10' - 0"

34' - 0"

25' - 6"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

24' - 0"

36' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0" 17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' DINING

25' - 6"

12' DINING 25' - 6"

8' - 6" 17' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

8' - 6" 20' - 0"

10' - 0"

25' - 6"

20' - 0"

17' - 0" 17' - 0"

10' DINING

6' - 0"

8' - 0"

8' - 6"

10' - 0"

12' - 0"

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

4' - 0"

8.5' DINING

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

8' OFFICE

FIG 21: SITE PLAN 2

8.5' OFFICE

17' - 0"

10' OFFICE

20' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0"

12' OFFICE

17' - 0"

17' - 0" 8' - 6"

24' - 0"

12' - 0"

16' - 0"

10' - 0"

8' - 0"

17' OFFICE

FIG 22: ROOM SELECTION MATRIX 2

PADU

H2 - S1 Floorplan 1 ¼” = 1’-0”

PADU

H2 - S1 Section ¼” = 1’-0”

Granny Flat

Rentable Space

Home Office

Family Shift

Returning Child

7.3

This proposed PADU is for a "client" that wanted to move into the PADU while renting out their main house. The PADU is maximized for the small family to utilize all free space. The PADU is focused around a diversity of spaces for a private living space.

17' - 0"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

M3-S1

8' - 6"

34' - 0"

25' - 6"

34' - 0"

24' - 0"

17' - 0"

36' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0" 17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' KITCHENS

25' - 6"

12' KITCHENS 8' - 6"

25' - 6" 8' - 6"

17' - 0" 20' - 0"

25' - 6"

20' - 0"

8' - 6" 20' - 0"

10' - 0"

17' - 0" 17' - 0"

10' - 0"

10' KITCHENS

30' - 0"

20' - 0"

30' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

10' - 0"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

17' - 0"

10' - 0" 17' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

ADU 3 Site 1

17' - 0"

10' KITCHENS

8' - 0"

17' - 0"

16' - 0" 8' - 6"

17' - 0"

16' - 0" 8' - 6"

8' - 6"

8' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 0"

16' - 0"

8' - 6"

24' - 0"

17' - 0"

24' - 0" 16' - 0"

8' - 0"

8' - 6"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' KITCHENS

34' - 0"

25' - 6"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

36' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0" 17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0"

12' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' BEDROOMS

25' - 6"

12' BEDROOMS 8' - 6"

25' - 6" 8' - 6"

20' - 0"

17' - 0" 20' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

25' - 6"

10' - 0"

17' - 0" 17' - 0"

10' BEDROOMS

30' - 0"

20' - 0"

30' - 0" 17' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

10' - 0"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

8' - 6"

10' - 0" 17' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

10' BEDROOMS

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 0" 8' - 6"

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

8' - 0" 8' - 6"

8' - 6"

16' - 0"

8' - 6"

24' - 0"

8' - 6"

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

24' - 0" 8' - 0"

8' BEDROOMS

4' - 0" 8' - 0"

6' - 0" 5' - 0" 4' - 0"

BATHROOMS

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

UTILITY

17' - 0"

8' - 6"

10' - 0"

34' - 0"

25' - 6"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

24' - 0"

36' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0" 17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' DINING

25' - 6"

12' DINING 25' - 6"

8' - 6" 17' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

8' - 6" 20' - 0"

10' - 0"

25' - 6"

20' - 0"

17' - 0" 17' - 0"

10' DINING

6' - 0"

8' - 0"

8' - 6"

10' - 0"

12' - 0"

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

4' - 0"

8.5' DINING

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

8' OFFICE

FIG 23: SITE PLAN 3

8.5' OFFICE

17' - 0"

10' OFFICE

20' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0"

12' OFFICE

17' - 0"

17' - 0" 8' - 6"

24' - 0"

12' - 0"

16' - 0"

10' - 0"

8' - 0"

17' OFFICE

FIG 24: ROOM SELECTION MATRIX 3

PADU

H3 - S1 Floorplan 1 ¼” = 1’-0”

PADU

H3 - S1 Floorplan 2 ¼” = 1’-0”

PADU

H3 - S1 Section ¼” = 1’-0”

PORTLAND, OREGON Highways Bridges Rivers Neighborhood ¼ ½

Columbia River

I-5

I-205

Willamette River

I-84

I-84 I-405 HW 26

I-205

I-5

Miles

House Area: 1,919 ft.2 Building Footprint: 1,462 ft.2 Lot Area: 6,000 ft.2 Back Yard Area: 1,661 ft.2 Max AS Area: 900 ft.2

Minus AS lot coverage

Max ADU Area: 1,439 ft.2 Max ADU Footprint: 400 ft.2

100 ft.

SITE 2 10126 SE Brooklyn Ct.

60 ft.

Existing AS = Covered Deck (56 ft.2) + Attached garage (444 ft.2) = 500 ft.2 Max ADU Footprint = Max AS Area (900 ft.2) - Existing AS (500 ft.2) = 400 ft.2

Granny Flat

Rentable Space

Home Office

Family Shift

Returning Child

7.4

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

M1-S2

17' - 0"

ADU 1 Site 2

17' - 0"

34' - 0"

25' - 6"

34' - 0"

24' - 0"

17' - 0"

36' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0" 17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' KITCHENS

25' - 6"

12' KITCHENS 8' - 6"

25' - 6"

20' - 0"

17' - 0" 20' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

25' - 6"

10' - 0"

17' - 0" 17' - 0"

10' KITCHENS

30' - 0"

20' - 0"

30' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

10' - 0"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

17' - 0"

10' - 0" 17' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

10' KITCHENS

8' - 0"

17' - 0"

16' - 0" 8' - 6"

17' - 0"

16' - 0" 8' - 6"

8' - 6"

8' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 0"

16' - 0"

8' - 6"

24' - 0"

17' - 0"

24' - 0" 16' - 0"

8' - 0"

8' - 6"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' KITCHENS

34' - 0"

25' - 6"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

36' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0" 17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0"

12' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' BEDROOMS

25' - 6"

12' BEDROOMS 8' - 6"

25' - 6" 8' - 6"

20' - 0"

17' - 0" 20' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

25' - 6"

10' - 0"

17' - 0" 17' - 0"

10' BEDROOMS

30' - 0"

20' - 0"

30' - 0" 17' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

10' - 0"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

8' - 6"

10' - 0" 17' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

10' BEDROOMS

" '-0 300

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 0" 8' - 6"

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

8' - 0" 8' - 6"

8' - 6"

16' - 0"

8' - 6"

24' - 0"

8' - 6"

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

24' - 0" 8' - 0"

8' BEDROOMS

4' - 0" 8' - 0"

6' - 0" 5' - 0" 4' - 0"

BATHROOMS

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

UTILITY

34' - 0"

25' - 6"

" '- 0 310

17' - 0"

8' - 6"

10' - 0"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

24' - 0"

36' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0"

25' - 6"

" '-0 320

12' DINING 25' - 6"

8' - 6" 17' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

8' - 6" 20' - 0"

25' - 6"

10' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

0" 10' - 0"

0' 33

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' DINING

10' DINING

6' - 0"

8' - 0"

8' - 6"

10' - 0"

12' - 0"

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

4' - 0"

8.5' DINING " '-0 340 8' - 6"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

8' OFFICE

FIG 25: SITE PLAN 4

8.5' OFFICE

17' - 0"

10' OFFICE

20' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0"

12' OFFICE

17' - 0"

17' - 0" 8' - 6"

24' - 0"

12' - 0"

16' - 0"

10' - 0"

8' - 0"

17' OFFICE

FIG 26: ROOM SELECTION MATRIX 4

PADU

H1 - S2 Floorplan 1 ¼” = 1’-0”

PADU

H1 - S2 Floorplan 2 ¼” = 1’-0”

PADU

H1 - S2 Section ¼” = 1’-0”

Granny Flat

Rentable Space

Home Office

Family Shift

Returning Child

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

M2-S2

17' - 0"

ADU 2 Site 2

17' - 0"

7.5 34' - 0"

25' - 6"

34' - 0"

24' - 0"

17' - 0"

36' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0" 17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' KITCHENS

25' - 6"

12' KITCHENS 8' - 6"

25' - 6"

20' - 0"

17' - 0" 20' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

25' - 6"

10' - 0"

17' - 0" 17' - 0"

10' KITCHENS

30' - 0"

20' - 0"

30' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

10' - 0"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

17' - 0"

10' - 0" 17' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

10' KITCHENS

8' - 0"

17' - 0"

16' - 0" 8' - 6"

17' - 0"

16' - 0" 8' - 6"

8' - 6"

8' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 0"

16' - 0"

8' - 6"

24' - 0"

17' - 0"

24' - 0" 16' - 0"

8' - 0"

8' - 6"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' KITCHENS

34' - 0"

25' - 6"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

36' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0" 17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0"

12' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' BEDROOMS

25' - 6"

12' BEDROOMS 8' - 6"

25' - 6" 8' - 6"

20' - 0"

17' - 0" 20' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

25' - 6"

10' - 0"

17' - 0" 17' - 0"

10' BEDROOMS

30' - 0"

20' - 0"

30' - 0" 17' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

10' - 0"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

8' - 6"

10' - 0" 17' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

10' BEDROOMS

0' 30

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 0" 8' - 6"

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

8' - 0" 8' - 6"

8' - 6"

16' - 0"

8' - 6"

24' - 0"

8' - 6"

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

24' - 0" 8' - 0"

8' BEDROOMS

4' - 0" 8' - 0"

6' - 0" 5' - 0" 4' - 0"

BATHROOMS

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

0' 32

17' - 0" 34' - 0"

25' - 6"

- 0"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

24' - 0"

36' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0"

25' - 6"

12' DINING 25' - 6"

8' - 6" 17' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

8' - 6" 20' - 0"

25' - 6"

10' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

0" 10' - 0"

0' 33

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' DINING

8' - 6"

' 310

17' - 0"

UTILITY

17' - 0"

8' - 6"

10' - 0"

10' DINING

6' - 0"

8' - 0"

8' - 6"

10' - 0"

12' - 0"

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

4' - 0"

8.5' DINING " 24' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

8' OFFICE

FIG 27: SITE PLAN 5

8.5' OFFICE

17' - 0"

10' OFFICE

20' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0"

12' OFFICE

17' - 0"

17' - 0" 8' - 6"

16' - 0"

10' - 0"

8' - 0"

12' - 0"

'-0 340

17' OFFICE

FIG 28: ROOM SELECTION MATRIX 5

PADU

H2 - S2 Floorplan 1 ¼” = 1’-0”

PADU

H2 - S2 Section ¼” = 1’-0”

Granny Flat

Rentable Space

Home Office

Family Shift

Returning Child

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

M3-S2

17' - 0"

ADU 3 Site 2

17' - 0"

7.6 34' - 0"

25' - 6"

34' - 0"

24' - 0"

17' - 0"

36' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0" 17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' KITCHENS

25' - 6"

12' KITCHENS 8' - 6"

25' - 6"

20' - 0"

17' - 0" 20' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

25' - 6"

10' - 0"

17' - 0" 17' - 0"

10' KITCHENS

30' - 0"

20' - 0"

30' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

10' - 0"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

17' - 0"

10' - 0" 17' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

10' KITCHENS

8' - 0"

17' - 0"

16' - 0" 8' - 6"

17' - 0"

16' - 0" 8' - 6"

8' - 6"

8' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 0"

16' - 0"

8' - 6"

24' - 0"

17' - 0"

24' - 0" 16' - 0"

8' - 0"

8' - 6"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' KITCHENS

34' - 0"

25' - 6"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

36' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0" 17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0"

12' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' BEDROOMS

25' - 6"

12' BEDROOMS 8' - 6"

25' - 6" 8' - 6"

20' - 0"

17' - 0" 20' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

25' - 6"

10' - 0"

17' - 0" 17' - 0"

10' BEDROOMS

30' - 0"

20' - 0"

30' - 0" 17' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

10' - 0"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

8' - 6"

10' - 0" 17' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

10' BEDROOMS

0' 30

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 0" 8' - 6"

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

8' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

8' - 0" 8' - 6"

8' - 6"

16' - 0"

8' - 6"

24' - 0"

8' - 6"

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

24' - 0" 8' - 0"

8' BEDROOMS

4' - 0" 8' - 0"

6' - 0" 5' - 0" 4' - 0"

BATHROOMS

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

0' 32

17' - 0" 34' - 0"

25' - 6"

- 0"

34' - 0"

17' - 0"

24' - 0"

36' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0"

25' - 6"

12' DINING

25' - 6"

8' - 6" 17' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

20' - 0"

8' - 6" 20' - 0"

25' - 6"

10' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

17' - 0"

0" 10' - 0"

0' 33

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' - 0"

12' - 0"

17' DINING

8' - 6"

' 310

17' - 0"

UTILITY

17' - 0"

8' - 6"

10' - 0"

10' DINING

6' - 0"

8' - 0"

8' - 6"

10' - 0"

12' - 0"

16' - 0"

17' - 0"

20' - 0"

8' - 6"

4' - 0"

8.5' DINING " 24' - 0"

8' - 6"

17' - 0"

10' - 0"

8' OFFICE

FIG 29: SITE PLAN 6

8.5' OFFICE

17' - 0"

10' OFFICE

20' - 0"

12' - 0"

24' - 0"

12' OFFICE

17' - 0"

17' - 0" 8' - 6"

16' - 0"

10' - 0"

8' - 0"

12' - 0"

'-0 340

17' OFFICE

FIG 30: ROOM SELECTION MATRIX 6

PADU

H3 - S2 Floorplan 1 ¼” = 1’-0”

PADU

H3 - S2 Floorplan 2 ¼” = 1’-0”

PADU

H3 - S2 Section ¼” = 1’-0”

FIG 31: INITIAL SITE MAP

FIG 32: GROWTH MAP FIG 33: THE ADU AS A NORM

8.0 Conclusion with a Larger Scope Initial Site The initial 2 sites were proposed to convey how different types of ADUs would change based on the owners inputs and the site itself. The six designs show how 3 types of ADUs compare to one another. Growth The growth maps show how this thesis can grow over time while bringing the PADU to more people around Portland. The ease and accessibility makes it so any homeowner can design their own ADU that fits their needs while being in control of the overall design. This aspect makes this thesis unique. The ADU as a Norm The ADU, as of now, is a housing typology that usually is attainable to those who can afford the large price tag that usually comes with the ADU. By using these different types of construction, shipping, and design methods the process is streamlined in favor of the homeowner. The goal of this thesis project is to make the ADU a more common alternative for housing in Portland many neighborhoods that are zoned for ADUs. This thesis is not the final answer to the housing and density to Portland, but an additional method to help a great city like Portland grow to its potential of greatness.

9.0

Case Studies The Harpoon House

3.0

Modern Modular ONE +

Architect - Design For Occupancy Location - Portland, OR Harpoon House is a small, energy efficient dwelling that is an integrated design of interior spaces and habitable eco-roofs, decks and patios. The Harpoon house was designed to encourage a relationship between indoor and outdoor living. A small footprint and an energy efficient envelope makes Harpoon House a unique design that was built with sustainability as its primary goal. Harpoon House is a modest and sensitive solution that incorporates a smart design and an integrated approach to planning, designing, building and living. The house was designed using prefabricated structural insulated panels called SIPs. This makes construction more efficient, even though the wall type is generally more expensive than traditional construction methods.

9.1

Case Studies The Harpoon House Modern Modular ONE + Architect - Resolution 4 Architecture Location - Norfolk, CT Modern Modular homes are designed focusing on creating a wider range of living spaces capable to meet the different needs of a broad and diverse group. Modern Modular provides a numerous amount of houses to fit different needs. The houses are fully customizable to meet the requirements of different locations, climates, and the specific needs of different conditions. The following is one example of many from the firm. This firm and their large amount of housing combinations makes a very similar project to this thesis, other than the fact that they are at a larger house scale and not at an ADUs size. This case study structure is a six block house that is over three thousand square feet. For this example, the home is divided into two bars. The first floor bar contains the public spaces of the home, while the second floor contains the private spaces. Both floors hide the separation between interior and exterior which provide daylight and surrounding site views.

9.2

Case Studies The Harpoon House Modern Modular ONE +

Architect - add a room Location - Sweden / Denmark ONE + is a modular small house concept from Scandinavia, a cooperation between Denmark and Sweden, choosing the best from both countries. Based on 161 ft2 and 215 ft2 modules the system can be linked together with other modules in different ways to create a variety of designs and meeting different needs or the module can be singular for a small house. The system can even include decks and pergolas as well as possibilities to connect other outdoor facilities such as outdoor kitchens, extra verandas etc., all to make the houses feel bigger while combining indoor and outdoor spaces. This project is a great example of how a small house can be designed, fabricated, and shipped to a site while costing about twenty to thirty thousand dollars for each unit. There are also many different layouts and plans that assist in customizing the personal space to fit the needs of whom ever would use it or wherever it might end up. This mini house is very similar to this thesis project. The aspects of customization, prefabrication, shipping and affordability are all aspects that were taken into consideration. This company does offer many different layouts, but they are not site specific and other than materials, isn't focused on being energy conscious.

PROJECT DEFINITIONS Terms

Dictionary

Architectural

Oregon Code

Accessory

[ak-ses-uh-ree] noun a subordinate or supplementary part, object, or the like, used mainly for convenience, attractiveness, safety, etc.

Element in a composition inessential (unlike an accompaniment) to the use or character of the building, but which enhances ...

A use or activity which is a subordinate part of a primary use and which is clearly incidental to a primary use on a site.

ADU (Accessory Dwelling Unit)

an additional separate dwelling unit on a property that would normally accommodate only one dwelling unit.

A secondary dwelling on a site that may be attached or free standing

A second dwelling unit created on a lot with a house, attached house, or manufactured home.

Criteria

[krahy-teer-ee-uh] noun a standard of judgment or criticism; a rule or principle for evaluating or testing something.

N/a

Design

[dih-zahyn] verb (used with object) to prepare the preliminary sketch or the plans for (a work to be executed), especially to plan the form and structure of.

To compose a plan for a building: the architectural concept of a building as represented by the plans

N/a

Dwelling

[dwel-ing] noun a building or place of shelter to live in; place of residence; abode; home.

An apartment, dormitory, or house used as a residence for one or more people.

A building that has independent living facilities including provisions for sleeping, cooking, and sanitation, and that is designed for residential occupancy by a group of people.

Lot

[lot] noun a distinct portion or piece of land: a building lot.

N/a

A lot is a legally defined piece of land other than a tract that is the result of a land division.

Mass Customization

N/a

[mas] noun [kuhs-tuh-mahyz] noun Production of personalized or custom-tailored goods or services to meet consumersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; diverse and changing needs at near mass production prices.

N/a

Modular

[moj-uh-ler] adjective composed of standardized units or sections for easy construction or flexible arrangement: a modular home

Based on modules, or certain standard sizes and multiples of those sizes, often associated with industrialized buildings and prefabrication.

N/a

NURBS

N/a

Non-Uniform Rational B Spline The NURBS has excellent continuity characteristics which make it useful for creating accurate 3D modeled geometry.

N/a

Parameter

[puh-ram-i-ter] noun a variable for which the range of possible values identifies distinct cases in a problem.

A characteristic, feature, or measurable factor that can help in defining a particular system.

N/a

Pre Fabrication

[pree-fab] noun a building that is prefabricated, esp a small house

Manufacture of parts or all of a building in a factory before they are brought to the site

N/a

PROJECT DEFINITIONS Terms

Dictionary

Architectural

Oregon Code

Primitive

[prim-i-tiv] adjective simple; unsophisticated: primitive implement. crude; unrefined: primitive living conditions.

a simple geometric shape that may be generated in computer graphics

N/a

Rapid Iteration

Rrap-id] adjective [it-uh-rey-shuhn] noun

Iterative design is an approach of incrementally developing and refining a design based on feedback and evaluation extremely fast

N/a

the act of repeating; a repetition within a short time Setback

[set-bak] noun an act or instance of setting back

a recession of the building from the building line, as to lighten the structure or to permit a desired amount of light and air to reach ground level at the foot of the building.

The minimum distance required between a specified object, such as a building and another point. Setbacks are usually measured from lot lines to a specified object.

Site

[sahyt] noun the area or exact plot of ground on which anything is, has been, or is to be located:

An area or plot of ground with defined limits on which a building, project, or part, is located

The site is the lots, lots of record, or tracts proposed to be divided or reconfigured.

Unit

[yoo-nit] noun 1. a single undivided entity or whole 2. any group or individual, esp when regarded as a basic element of a larger whole

A unit is a self-contained suite of rooms, usually of modest scale, which may be attached, semi-detached or detached, within a group of similar dwellings.

N/a

10.0 Glossary This glossary is intended to teach and compare terms that an architect may take for granted and a layman might not know. The terms are separated based on what field they were found it. The three sections are from a dictionary, an architectural dictionary, and the Oregon building code dictionary.

11.0 Bibliography The left page is all internet articles and references, while the right page is a list of books used throughout the thesis.

1. 11, alternative11. "Wood and Modern Technology.” livejournal.com. http://alternative11.livejournal.com/33423.html (accessed October 10, 2013). 2. "Between Teeth Bistro | Rafal OtlÂ‚og, Aleksandra Konstanciak - Arch2O.com.” Arch2O.com - Design & Art Environment. http://www.arch2o.com/form-computationfabrication-tksv/ (accessed October 10, 2013). 3. Bojovic, Marija. "Parametric Undulating Structure For The Indigo Deli / Sameep Padora And Associates - eVolo | Architecture Magazine.” eVolo | Architecture Magazine. http://www.evolo.us/architecture/parametric-undulating-structure-for-the-indigo-delisameep-padora-and-associates/ (accessed October 10, 2013). 4. Crocker, Justin. "Parametric Seating | Parametrics.” Parametrics | Pratt Institute Interior Design 659 class blog. http://int659.wordpress.com/2013/01/31/parametric-seating-2/ (accessed October 10, 2013). 5. "Eames Collector.” Eames Collector. http://www.eamescollector.com/ (accessed October 23, 2013). 6. "Embryological House.” CCA. http://www.docam.ca/conservation/embryological-house/ index.html (accessed October 23, 2013). 7. "Embryological House.” Future House(s):Genealogy. http://future-house-genealogy. blogspot.com/p/embryological-house.html (accessed October 23, 2013). 8. "Embryological House, Greg Lynn.” DOCAM. http://www.docam.ca/en/component/ content/article/106-embryological-house-greg-lynn.html (accessed October 22, 2013). 9. "Furniture.” The Eames Office is committed to communicating, preserving, and extend-

ing the legacy and work of Charles and Ray Eames.. http://eamesoffice.com/furniture/ (accessed October 23, 2013). 10. "Greg Lynn: Embryological House.” CCA. http://www.cca.qc.ca/en/collection/6-greglynn-embryological-house (accessed October 22, 2013). 11. "Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History.” Charles Eames: DCW side chair (1984.556). http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1984.556 (accessed October 23, 2013). 12. "Le Corbusier" Modernist of the Month.” THE MODERNIST. http://www.themodernist.co.uk/2012/03/le-corbusier-modernist-of-the-month/ (accessed October 23, 2013). 13. "METROPOL PARASOL.” J. MAYER H. ARCHITECTURE DESIGN RESEARCH. http:// www.jmayerh.de/19-0-Metropol-Parasol.html (accessed October 10, 2013). 14. Wikimedia Foundation. "Modulor.” Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulor (accessed October 23, 2013). 15. "SketchChair by Diatom Studio.” SketchChair by Diatom Studio. http://sketchchair.cc/ download.php (accessed October 10, 2013). 16. "The 101: Eames Chairs.” Hypebeast. http://hypebeast.com/2012/3/the-101-eameschairs (accessed October 23, 2013). 17. "The Work of Charles and Ray Eames: A Legacy of InventionFurniture.” Furniture. http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/eames/furniture.html (accessed October 23, 2013). 18. Wikimedia Foundation. "Vitruvian Man.” Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitruvian_Man (accessed October 23, 2013).

1. Anderson, Mark, and Peter Anderson. Prefab prototypes: site-specific design for offsite construction. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 2007. 2. Beorkrem, Christopher. Material strategies in digital fabrication. Charlotte, NC: Routledge, 2012. 3. Burry, Jane, and Mark Burry. The new mathematics of architecture. London: Thames & Hudson, 2010. 4. Cobbers, Arnt, and Oliver Jahn. Prefab houses. KoÌln: Taschen, 2010. 5. Dunn, Nick. Digital fabrication in architecture. London: Laurence King Publishing, 2012. 6. Duran, Sergi, and Julio Herrero. The sourcebook of contemporary green architecture. New York: Collins Design ;, 2010. 7. Friedman, Avi. Narrow houses: new directions in efficient design. New York, N.Y.: Princeton Architectural Press, 2010. 8. Garcia, Mark. The diagrams of architecture. Chichester: Wiley, 2010. 9. Gianino, Andrew. The modular home. North Adams, Mass.: Storey Pub., 2005. 10. Hemmerling, Marco, and Anke Tiggemann. Digital design manual. Berlin: DOM Publ., 2011. 11. Iwamoto, Lisa. Digital fabrications: architectural and material techniques. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 2009. 12. Jackson, Paul. Folding techniques for designers: from sheet to form. London: Laurence King Pub., 2011. 13. Kaufmann, Michelle, and Catherine Remick. Prefab green. Layton, UT: Gibbs Smith, 2009. 14. Kieran, Stephen, and James Timberlake. Refabricating architecture. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2003. 15. Krauel, Jacobo, Jay Noden, and William George. Contemporary digital architecture: design &

techniques. Barcelona: Links, 2010. 16. Leach, Neil. Digital tectonics. Chichester: Wiley-Academy, 2004. 17. Lewis, Paul, Marc Tsurumaki, and David J. Lewis. Lewis. Tsurumaki. Lewis: opportunistic architecture. Chicago: Graham Foundation for Advanced Studies in the Fine Arts ;, 2008. 18. Litchfield, Michael W.. In-laws, outlaws, and granny flats: your guide to turning one house into two homes. Newtown, CT: Taunton, 2011. 19. Lynn, Greg. Animate form. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 1999. 20. Lynn, Greg, and Claudia Gould. Intricacy: a project by Greg Lynn FORM. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 2003. 21. Lynn, Greg, and Mark Gage. Composites, surfaces, and software: high performance architecture. New Haven, Conn.: Yale School of Architecture ;, 2010. 22. Reiser, Jesse, and Nanako Umemoto. Atlas of novel tectonics. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 2006. 23. Richardson, Phyllis. Nano house: innovations for small dwellings. London: Thames & Hudson, Inc., 2011. 24. Sakamoto, Tomoko, and Albert FerreÌ . From control to design: parametric/algorithmic architecture. Barcelona: Actar-D, 2008. 25. Salomon, Shay, and Nigel Valdez. Little house on a small planet: simple homes, cozy retreats, and energy efficient possibilities. Guilford, Conn.: Lyons Press, 2006. 26. Smith, Ryan E.. Prefab architecture a guide to modular design and construction. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, 2010. 27. Tedeschi, Arturo. Parametric architecture with GrasshopperÂ®: primer. Brienza, Italy: Le Penseur, 2011.

(PADU) THE PARAMETRIC ACCESSORY DWELLING UNIT

A THESIS PROJECT BY: TREVOR STEPHENS

School of Architecture PO Box 751 Portland, OR 97207