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Precedent Study
San Francisco Federal Building
Precedent Study San Francisco Federal Building NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents
Trevor Stephens
Portland State University School of Architecture
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 1
Introduction to SFFB Misc Pictures Misc Diagrams Facade Details Building Elevation & Sections Hybridized image / drawing
3 4 5 6 7
Design Analysis 8 9 10-12 13-18 19-22 23-26 27
Trevor Stephens
Life Safety Accessibility Structural Systems Environmental Systems Building Envelope Systems Building Service Systems Bibliography
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 2
Title Page & Table of Contents: http://morphopedia.com/projects/San-francis co-federal-building/gallery/images/1/ Left: https://www.flickr.com/photos/atelier79033/3225402582/in/photostream/ Center top: http://www.barbakoffdesign.com/up loads/2/9/6/0/2960116/360475.jpg?457 Right top: http://overpasses.rssing.com/chan-1775178/all_p50.html Right bottom: http://morphopedia.com/projects/san-francisco-federal-building
Assignment 1 - Precedent Selection and Documentation
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents
Trevor Stephens
Misc Photos
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 3
Misc Diagrams
CROSS VENTILATION
Left & Right Diagrams: http://morphopedia.com/projects/san-francisco- federal-building
Assignment 1 - Precedent Selection and Documentation
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents
Trevor Stephens
SKIP STOP CIRCULATION
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 4
Facade Details
H D
A
B
I
J
E
G 13’
C F
Left & Middle Drawings: Moe, Kiel. Integrated design in contemporary archi tecture. New York, N.Y.: Princeton Architectural Press, 2008. Print. Right Bottom: http://morphopedia.com/projects/san-francisco-federal-building
7’-4”
B C D E
steel sunshade panels Galvanized - steel tube frame Steel suspension rod Galvanized steel grate catwalk Insulating glass
F Operable out
swinging windows
Trevor Stephens
A Perforated stainless
G Extruded aluminum
unit frame H Radiator I Reinforced
concrete slab J Raised floor
Assignment 1 - Precedent Selection and Documentation
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 5
Building Elevation & Sections
SECTION 1 Images & Drawings: http://morphopedia.com/projects/San-francis co-federal-building
Assignment 1 - Precedent Selection and Documentation
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents
Trevor Stephens
SECTION 2
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 6
Trevor Stephens
Hybridized image / drawing
Assignment 1 - Precedent Selection and Documentation
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 7
Life Safety Occupancies: Group B Construction Type: 1A 35
%
O
ve
Plumbing Chase
ra
ll d
iag
165’
Vertical Circulation
on
al
Lobby 85’ Max egress
54’
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
TOWER FLOOR PLAN
SKIP STOP CIRCULATION
Assignment 4 - Life Safety
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.5. - Life Safety
Trevor Stephens
LOWER LEVEL FLOOR PLAN
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 8
Street Access
Parking Access
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
THIRD FLOOR PLAN TOWER Plumbing Chase 5’ Turning Radius Vertical Circulation Lobby
Assignment 5 - Accessibility
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.2. - Accessibility
Trevor Stephens
LOWER LEVEL FLOOR PLAN
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 9
T H D
T
I
J
C C A
B
E
C
G 13’
C F T
Steel Construction Pin and moment connections on the steel frames and shading devices. The entire facade other than the glass is built out of steel.
T C C
A Perforated stainless B C D E
steel sunshade panels Galvanized - steel tube frame Steel suspension rod Galvanized steel grate catwalk Insulating glass
F Operable out G H I J
swinging windows Extruded aluminum unit frame Radiator Reinforced concrete slab Raised floor
Assignment 8 - Precedent: Structural Systems
T = Tension C = Compression
Left: http://www.treehugger.com/sustainable-product-design/san-francisco- federal-building.html Right: https://www.flickr.com/photos/43355952@N06/galleries /72157623099832476/
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.9. - Structural Systems
Trevor Stephens
C
T
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 10
Concrete Construction
All Photos: https://www.flickr.com/photos/digitofu/153351781/
Assignment 8 - Precedent: Structural Systems
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.9. - Structural Systems
Trevor Stephens
Construction photos showing the concrete ceiling and columns. The bottom photos show the raised floor.
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 11
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
THIRD FLOOR PLAN TOWER
Structural Grid Shear Walls
Assignment 8 - Precedent: Structural Systems
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.9. - Structural Systems
Trevor Stephens
LOWER LEVEL FLOOR PLAN
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 12
AVERAGE TEMPERATURES 90oF Daily high
80oF 70oF
Average
60 F o
50oF
100%
40 F o
30oF 20oF
Climate Data
SUNSHINE
Daily low
US average
90% City
80%
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
70%
PRECIPITATION
San Francisco is generally dry during summer and moist cool winters. The city is surrounded by three bodies of water which are all cold Pacific water from the ocean currents. This creates a very constant temperature swing throughout the year creating a year round climate that has little variation.
60%
6 in
US average
50%
5 in
40% City Average
4 in
30%
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
3 in
CLOUDY DAYS
2 in 1 in 0 in
US average
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
HUMIDITY 100%
City morning
90% 80%
City afternoon
70%
100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%
Days clear of clouds Partly cloudy days Cloudy days
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Days with Precipitation
50%
US morning average
40% 30% 20%
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Assignment 10 - Precedent: Environmental Systems
US afternoon average All charts: http://www.city-data.com/city/San-Francisco-California.html
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.8. - Environmental Systems
Trevor Stephens
60%
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 13
Day lighting & Artificial Lighting The four photos to the left begin to show how light in transferred into the spaces. The large lobby space utilizes an unusually tall angled facade and skylight to bring in light while evenly diffusing light with fluorescent lighting where needed.
The higher floors have two very different facades that are both designed to bring in as much light as possible, while blocking excessive heat gains from direct sun. The southern side uses hundreds of vertical glass sunshades to block the direct sun from the morning, while the northern side uses a permeable metal panel system to shade the interior.
Top left: http://staceyprado1227.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/s7e1797.jpg Top right: http://static.zhulong.com/photo/small/200905/20/261990_16_0_0_ 560_w_0.jpg Bottom left & right: http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/place/article/TOWER ING-EXPECTATIONS-S-F-s-new-federal-2615184.php
Assignment 10 - Precedent: Environmental Systems
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.8. - Environmental Systems
Trevor Stephens
The concrete ceilings (bottom left) are designed to use less concrete than a solid slab while giving more curtain wall exposure for more day light.
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 14
Assignment 10 - Precedent: Environmental Systems
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.8. - Environmental Systems
Trevor Stephens
Diagram: http://morphopedia.com/projects/san-francisco-federal-building
SECTION 1
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 15
Strong Fast wind
Slow Calm wind Diagram: http://morphopedia.com/projects/san-francisco-federal-building Graph: http://www.city-data.com/city/San-Francisco-California.html
WIND SPEED (MPH) 13 12 Ventilating wind
11
City
10 8
US average
7 6 5
SITE PLAN Assignment 10 - Precedent: Environmental Systems
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.8. - Environmental Systems
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Trevor Stephens
9
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 16
Cross Ventilation
Diagram: http://morphopedia.com/projects/san-francisco-federal-building
SECTION 2 Assignment 10 - Precedent: Environmental Systems
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.8. - Environmental Systems
Trevor Stephens
Prevailing winds coming from the northwest, penetrating the facade of the building and channeling the warm air out of the building through the porch landings that protrude out every three floors.
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 17
Cross Ventilation The winds circulation pattern through three floors of connected office spaces and conference rooms.
High pressure
Diagram: http://morphopedia.com/projects/san-francisco-federal-building
SECTION 3 Assignment 10 - Precedent: Environmental Systems
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.8. - Environmental Systems
Trevor Stephens
Low pressure
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 18
Rain Screen Enclosure
Top left: http://kimsteelegreenblog.wordpress.com/2009/06/23/the-san- francisco-federal-building/ Top right, bottom left & bottom right: http://morphopedia.com/projects/san- francisco-federal-building
Assignment 12 - Precedent: Building Envelope Systems
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.10. - Building Envelope Systems
Trevor Stephens
The federal building is almost completely covered by a draped metal facade that shades the building from sun and rain. The enclosed curtain walled building is incased in either a perforated metal panel system or a structural system that holds up the vertical sunshades. This unitized system was fabricated off site, then transported to the site and hung on the buildings concrete and steel structural system.
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 19
Rain Screen Enclosure
Diagrams: http://morphopedia.com/projects/san-francisco-federal-building
Assignment 12 - Precedent: Building Envelope Systems
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.10. - Building Envelope Systems
Trevor Stephens
The four diagrams are showing the different sections of the perforated rain screen that covers the majority of the building.
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 20
Section: http://morphopedia.com/projects/san-francisco-federal-building
Assignment 12 - Precedent: Building Envelope Systems
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.10. - Building Envelope Systems
Trevor Stephens
BUILDING SECTION
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 21
Rain Screen Enclosure The detail shows the complexity of these systems. Their sole purpose is to insulate and separate inside from outside. The unitized system is placed onto the concrete floor by a crane. Workers will then mount the panel to the concrete. The structural frame for the rain screen is then added. The rain screen itself is just perforated metal panels that are placed in courses like bricks. In these courses are imbedded operable “windows” of the perforated metal panels. These “windows” are electronically controlled to open at certain times of day for supplemental day light and ventilation.
ENCLOSURE SECTION Assignment 12 - Precedent: Building Envelope Systems
ENCLOSURE DETAIL NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.10. - Building Envelope Systems
OPERABLE WINDOW DETAIL
Trevor Stephens
Details: http://morphopedia.com/projects/san-francisco-federal-building
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 22
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
THIRD FLOOR PLAN TOWER Plumbing Chase Mechanical Vertical Circulation Lobby
Assignment 16 - Precedent: Building Service Systems
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.11. - Building Service Systems
Trevor Stephens
LOWER LEVEL FLOOR PLAN
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 23
Electrical Systems
Top left & bottom left: http://www.flickr.com/photos/markhogan/1354534654 Top right: http://www.compu-site.com/products/raised-access-flooring/ Bottom right section: http://morphopedia.com/projects/san-francisco-federal- building
Assignment 16 - Precedent: Building Service Systems
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.11. - Building Service Systems
Trevor Stephens
The upper floors utilized a raised floor system so there is an unobstructed ceiling with the versatility that the raised floor allows. Floor panels are easily removed for altering the position of outlets or cables. This also helps with the creating an open office floor plan that makes the spaces very customizable for any client
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 24
Life Safety Systems The federal building uses a sprinkler system to aid in fire safety. All of the ceilings and facades are equipped with sprinkler heads to fully extinguish any fire on or in the building.
Trevor Stephens
Photos: http://www.flickr.com/photos/markhogan/1354534654 Bottom right detail: http://www.fire-chief.com/images/pass.gif
Assignment 16 - Precedent: Building Service Systems
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.11. - Building Service Systems
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 25
Skip Stop Circulation
Left: https://www.flickr.com/photos/43355952@N06/galleries /72157623099832476/ Right diagram: http://morphopedia.com/projects/san-francisco-federal-building
Assignment 16 - Precedent: Building Service Systems
NAAB SPC A.7. - Use of Precedents NAAB SPC B.11. - Building Service Systems
Trevor Stephens
The elevators in this building are designed to promote human interaction, and give the employees exercise throughout their day. The elevators literally only stop on every third floor. The employees then walk up the adjacent day lit stair wells that go to their next level.
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 26
• Allen, Edward, and Joseph Iano. The architect’s studio companion rules of thumb for preliminary design. 4th ed. New York: Wiley, 2006. Print. • “Art and Architecture – San Francisco.” San Francisco Federal Building. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Aug. 2014. <http://www.artandarchitecture-sf.com/tag/skygarden>. • “Assignment 8: Natural Ventilation in the San Francisco Federal Building.” Spontaneous Notions. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Aug. 2014. <http://spontaneousnotions.wordpress.com/2012/11/15/assignment-8-natural-ventilation-in-the-sanfrancisco-federal-building/>. • Ching, Frank, and Steven R. Winkel. Building codes illustrated a guide to understanding the 2012 International building code, fourth edition. 4th ed. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, 2012. Print. • “Federal Building wall system.” Flickr. Yahoo!, n.d. Web. 25 Aug. 2014. <http:// www.flickr.com/photos/markhogan/1354534654>. • Kestner, Dirk M.. Sustainability guidelines for the structural engineer. Reston, Va.: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. Print. • “Mid-American Elevator Company.” Construction and New Installations. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Aug. 2014. <http://www.mid-americanelevator.com/construction.html>. • Moe, Kiel. Integrated design in contemporary architecture. New York, N.Y.: Princeton Architectural Press, 2008. Print. • Murray, Scott. Contemporary curtain wall architecture. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 2009. Print. • Ramsey, Charles George, Harold Reeve Sleeper, and John Ray Hoke. Ramsey/ Sleeper architectural graphic standards. 11th ed. New York: J. Wiley, 1994. Print. • “San Francisco Federal Building.” Morphopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Aug. 2014. <http://morphopedia.com/projects/san-francisco-federal-building>. • “San Francisco, California.” (CA) profile. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Aug. 2014. <http:// www.city-data.com/city/San-Francisco-California.html>. • “The San Francisco Federal Building: A High Performance Sustainable Workplace?.” Blog · Ziger/Snead Architects. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Aug. 2014. <http:// www.zigersnead.com/current/blog/post/the-san-francisco-federal-building-ahigh-performance-sustainable-workplace/02-11-2008/818/>. • “United States Federal Building - Morphosis.” arcspace. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Aug. 2014. <http://www.arcspace.com/features/morphosis/united-states-federal-building-/>. NAAB SPC A.7 - Use of Precedents
Trevor Stephens
Bibliography
ARCH 586 Integrated Systems | Fall 2013 27
TREVOR STEPHENS
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