Bamboo Architecture Precedent Research, 2018

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Colombia-Ecuador-Mexico

Indonesia-Malaysia

Vernacular

Japan-Korea

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6

Dezeen, (2017), Kengo Kuma - Nangchang bamboo [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.dezeen.com/2013/09/06/telepathy-bamboo-installation-by-kengo-kuma/ [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Low skill

2017), Mud Bahareque Hut [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.slideshare.net/inbar_sm/building-construction-with-guadua-angustifolia-kunth-in-colombia [Accessed 19 December 2017].

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9

(2017), Ark of bamboo [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.japlusu.com/news/ark-bamboo http://www.uia-architectes.org/en/exercer/ nouvelles/7505#.Wi-yU9-WZZg [Accessed 19 December 2017].

10 (2017), Pemulung House [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/884519/pemulung-house-ibuku?utm_campaign=trueAnthem%3A+Trending+Content&utm_content=5a2244eb04d3011dcb1b256a&utm_medium=trueAnthem&utm_source=facebook [Accessed 19 December 2017].

High skill

(2017), Nueva Esperanza School [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/45942/nueva-esperanza-school-al-borde [Accessed 19 December 2017].

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15 (2017), Zeri pavilion [ONLINE]. Available at: http://resourceculture.de/articles/manizales-zeri-pavilion-simon-velez [Accessed 19 December 2017].

15

14 (2017), Ananda house [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/883984/ananda-house-ibuku [Accessed 19 December 2017].


China-Taiwan

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Vietnam

8 (2017), Cau tre [ONLINE]. Available at: http://www.saigonmorning.com/du-lich-di-dau/lac-leo-qua-cau-tre-cam-dong/ [Accessed 19 December 2017].

10 (2017), Bamboo Micro Housing Proposal [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/480729/bamboo-micro-housing-proposal-affect-t [Accessed 19 December 2017].

13 (2017), Bamboo gateway [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/797620/bamboo-gateway-west-line-studio [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Ethiopia-Congo

7 (2017), The Dorze trip [ONLINE]. Available at: http://www.easterntravelandtour.com/destinations/cultural-tour-attractions/the-dorze-trip [Accessed 19 December 2017].

10 (2017), Suoi Re community house [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/102639/suoi-re-village-community-house-ki%25e1%25ba%25bfn-vi%25e1%25bb%2587t [Accessed 19 December 2017].

16 (2017), Sen village [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/775317/sen-village-community-center-vo-trong-nghia-architects [Accessed 19 December 2017].

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High skill

Low skill

Vernacular

JOINERY CLASSIFICATION

3

Type 1

Type 2

Type 3

Type 4

Hexagonal weaving

Crossed weaving

Lashed

Crossed lashed

Fish mount with bolt

Half bamboo splicing

Plastic strap lashed

Splicing with metal tube

Bolted and wedged

Bolted and concrete filled

Type 5

(V)

(L)

(H)

Rhizome support

Steel anchor


3. BAMBOO RELIANCE

1. ASSEMBLY METHOD Name

Description

Reparability

Modular Repetitive

Elements are assembled flat on the ground or off-site as identical modules/frames and raised in series or radially to form a building.

Often damaged frames can be removed and replaced with relative ease.

Modular Distinct

Elements are assembled flat on the ground or off-site as unique elements and assembled on site. Multiple unique flat panels form the complete design.

Often damaged frames can be removed and replaced with relative ease.

Woven on Site

Elements are assembled as one singular piece on site which is difficult to relocate. Woven nature relies more on friction as a single unit than fixings.

Individual pieces of bamboo could be replaced but difficult and unlikely.

Woven Detached

Elements are assembled as one singular piece which can be relocated or built off-site. Woven nature relies more on friction as a single unit than fixings

Individual pieces of bamboo could be replaced but difficult and unlikely.

In-Situ Assembly

Form built on site piece-by-piece to build up the structure. Elements added progressively atop the previous in-situ elements in their final position

Difficult to impossible to replace damaged elements without compromising the whole structure.

False Bamboo

Bamboo added after primary structure is created

Not-structural nature makes replacement generally easy or non-critical to longevity.

Decorative Only

Bamboo serves little to no structural purpose besides providing cladding, ornament or textural quality to the building

Infill Structure

Bamboo serves as non-load-bearing elements like partition walls or rafters but primary structure has no reliance on bamboo

Mixed Structure

Bamboo is complimented by conventional materials such as steel or wood to create the structural frame or only uses bamboo primary structure to achieve some of the total build but still defers significant loads to non-bamboo elements

Small Pure Bamboo

Small building using an entirely bamboo structure to take the weight of the building and support cladding or finishing details but not taking the weight of its occupants or significant structure above

Large Pure Bamboo

Large structure including one or more floors built entirely of bamboo taking the weight of occupants plus roof or comprising a single-level space of considerable size and suspended weight relying on bamboo alone to achieve structural strength

4. BAMBOO CURVATURE USE

2. WEATHER PROOFING Name

Description

Longevity

Unguarded

Open-air structure with no integrated defence from weather.

Highly exposed to weathering. Not expected to last long.

Elevated

Structural bamboo is isolated from the ground to prevent water and soil contact by means of stumps, pins or other non-bamboo elements making contact with the ground in stead.

Structural, load-bearing elements protected from damp-induced rot.

Rooved

Roof covering bamboo elements protects against rain and sun.

Majority of rot-risk eliminated thus significantly improving longevity.

Walled

Exterior covering clads the sides of the building to prevent weather reaching the frame or internal bamboo cladding.

Valuable where roof does not significantly overhang the frame. Rot could be exacerbated if not ventilated well.

Straight Elements Only

Curved Whole

Curved Splits

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VERNACULAR Vernacular buildings are ones which follow traditional designs or techniques passed down over many generations. Such buildings usually do not have a formal education associated with their design, instead, the methods for construction and the appearance of the designs are usually established through replication of designs already built with skills learned through apprentice-style education. Construction of vernacular buildings almost always relies on highly localised resources, not materials, parts or tools made by other communities of far from the location of construction. As such, vernacular buildings often use very natural and unrefined/low-tech materials. Due to the traditional aspect of vernacular design, often spanning dozens to hundreds of generations back in time, the method of construction and elements of the designs are often fine-tuned to the exact conditions of the place, both in material choices, complexity of craftsmanship, climatic response and cultural needs. Construction of vernacular buildings tends to put a great deal of focus on weaving, lashing and fine joinery as means to join and secure construction members rather than nails, bolts or other machined elements. Vernacular architecture covered in this section is both examples of unchanged vernacular designs still in practice today as well as methods of vernacular construction abstracted into more contemporary designs and installations. Many contemporary examples of traditional designs have since incorporated modern construction methods and materials as materials like concrete and steel become more widely available and affordable. Examples such as the Bahareque Huts of Columbia will often incorporate concrete, sheet iron, glass bottle and other recycled materials whereby the concept of the type of building is more in the methods of assemble rather than the complete authenticity of the buildings as reproductions of the previous traditions. Examples such as the works of Wen-Chih Wang from Taiwan tend to use the vernacular tradition in ways it would not have been used in the traditional aspect such as traditional materials and weaving methods usually used for goods such as baskets being used for buildings or art installations.

Mud Bahareque hut

Colombia-Ecuador

Location: Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

Columbia and Venezuela 19th and 20th century Local Columbian Bamboo, timber, mud, concrete, cement and plastic Cross weaving, cross lashed

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

Modular Distinct

Frame elements can be assembled flat and erected on site in similar manner to timber stud construction. Individual frame sections can be replaced but the building needs to be disassembled significantly to do so.

Curved Bamboo Use

Straight Elements Only

Bamboo is used in similar manner to timber stud frame construction.

Weather Proofing

Elevated, Rooved and Walled

Timbers set on masonry base with roof cladding above. Walls often clad over in flattened bamboo with mud or cement render keeping frame dry and protected.

Bamboo Reliance

Large Pure Bamboo

Structures place sole reliance on bamboo for framework. Bamboo treated as though it is timber to build multi-level houses taking considerable loads. Cladding systems also incorporate bamboo as lathes for plastering.

Overall: Buildings use bamboo in same manner as timber which may have some issues but still

achieves functional buildings with decent longevity. The thorough sheltering of the bamboo from footings, roofing and breathable yet water-resistant cladding helps to keep the structures from rotting which often means only the bamboo and render cladding needs replacing 2017), Mud Bahareque Hut [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.slideshare.net/ inbar_sm/building-construction-with-guadua-angustifolia-kunth-in-colombia [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Nangchang bamboo installation

Japan-Korea

Location: Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

Gwangju, South Korea 2013 Kengo Kuma Split bamboo Cross lashed

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

Woven Detached

A simple mobile bamboo frame is used as a base to attach the sweeping wave of bamboo splits. The sculptural piece can be relocated with ease and is intended for inside display. If it were exposed to the weather, woven-style members could be replaced with ease.

Curved Bamboo Use

Curved Splits

Whole straight poles used for frame with fine splits used for the main visual forms

Weather Proofing

Elevated

Structure is detached from ground but otherwise exposed. Structure is not intended for outside display whereby it would deteriorate quickly

Bamboo Reliance

Small Pure Bamboo

Entire structure is bamboo but is of small scale with very minimal structural performance needs

Overall: Sculptural piece for indoor display uses whole poles and splits to generate dynamic forms and texture

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Dezeen, (2017), Kengo Kuma - Nangchang bamboo [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.dezeen.com/2013/09/06/telepathy-bamboo-installation-by-kengo-kuma/ [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Bamboo frame

Glass bottles

WALL DETAIL

Dirt wall (clay/mud)


Tarung traditional house

Indonesia-Malaysia

Location: Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

West Sumba, Indonesia Sumba people Bamboo, timber and thatch Lashed, cross lashed

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

In-Situ Assembly

Timber core frame built first with bamboo members fixed in-situ onto timber base. Replacement of deteriorated elements relatively simple once roof thatch is removed

Curved Bamboo Use

Straight Elements Only

All bamboo members use natural straight whole poles

Weather Proofing

Elevated and Rooved

Structure is almost entirely clad in a thatch roof. Bamboo elements are elevated above the ground on timber structure but timbers not always isolated from the ground

Bamboo Reliance

Mixed Structure

Thatched roof

Bamboo roof frame

Core structure uses large timber posts and beams with bamboo serving as skirting structure for living spaces and roof as well as all infill structures and walls

Overall: Traditional mixed timber and bamboo village houses using timber for the core of the building with bamboo used for all additional structure and finishing ROOF DETAIL

San Mei

China-Taiwan

Location: Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

Taipei Fine Art Museum 2000 Wen-Chih Wang Bamboo (Rattan), wood and stones Hexagonal weaving

San Mei is inspired from Taiwanese traditional back basket regarding to form, material choice and weaving construction technique. Specifically, by using rattan, a species in climbing palms which is very popular in Southeast Asia and used almost in furniture and basket making.

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

Woven Detached

Structure is woven as a single element but the small structure can be relocated with ease. Damaged or weathered elements can be replaced with relative ease and new elements threaded into existing weave

Curved Bamboo Use

Curved Splits

Main structure uses a woven mesh of rattan vines or bamboo type materials

Weather Proofing

Elevated

Structure is intended as an indoors sculpture and doesn’t require protection from the weather but does use stone footings as fixing points

Bamboo Reliance

Mixed Structure

Primary structure uses rattan or bamboo weave but rough timbers are used to attach this structure to the footings. Structure can be built from either rattan or bamboo but uses either one or the other, not mixed

WOVEN RATTAN MESH

Overall: Small sculptural pavilion structure based on a traditional basket using bamboo or rattan vine to create an organic-form weave. The structure uses traditional weaving techniques and unprocessed natural materials to construct with no reliance on modern materials

Vietnam fishing hut

Vietnam

Location: Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

(2017), Choi tre [ONLINE]. Available at: http://vietnamtourism.gov.vn/english/ index.php/items/6110 [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Vietnam Vietnamese Bamboo and timber Lashed, cross lashed

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

In-Situ Assembly

Structure has somewhat modular design but joinery limits the degree of modular potential in assembly forcing a mostly in-situ assembly. Complicated and layered assembly may make replacement of some weathered elements difficult. Secondary structures are easily replaced

Curved Bamboo Use

Straight Elements Only

Whole straight poles of bamboo used throughout designs

Weather Proofing

Elevated and Rooved

Bamboo Reliance

Large Pure Bamboo

Detail 1

Bamboo battens

Palm tree roofing Bamboo rafter

Thatch roof offers good weather coverage but not in windy conditions. Primary structural members elevated on concrete footings but secondary structures such as stairs set in earth and subject to deterioration

ROOF DETAIL Bamboo batten

Bamboo serves as both primary and infill roles both as self-supporting and in support-ing a floor which carries the weight of human occupants. Bundled bamboo delivers live and static loads to the concrete footings

Overall: Contemporary reimagining of vernacular building techniques using bamboo for a double level structure. Bamboo serves all primary support roles but exposure from the sides may limit the structural longevity

Palm leave roofing

DETAIL 1

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Dorze hut Location: Year: Architect: Material:

Ethiopia

Joinery:

Chencha, Ethiopia Dorze people Bamboo, split bamboo and timber Crossed weaving

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

Woven on Site

Vertical poles are inserted into the ground in a circle with splits woven around like a basket to form the structure. The dense nature of the weave and in-situ construction means replacing damaged elements is difficult or impractical.

Curved Bamboo Use

Curved Splits

Slender un-split poles form the vertical members of the frame and are bent inwards and woven with splits to create strength.

Weather Proofing

Rooved and Walled

Roof and walls are indistinguishable from each other as a continuous thatch providing thorough coverage. No footings provided when the hut is built as poles are inserted into the ground to start the form. Huts often ‘cut-down’ and relocated where they are then placed on raised footings providing better protection but height is lost with each relocation.

Bamboo Reliance

Small Pure Bamboo

Buildings are entirely built of bamboo with no use of other materials for structural strength or even in joint construction. Bamboo members do not need to take excessive loads due to small nature of the buildings and only minor live-loads from storage vessels being suspended within.

A bamboo tube

Bamboo woven frame

Banana/Thatched roofing

ROOF DETAIL

(2017), The Dorze trip [ONLINE]. Available at: http://www.easterntravelandtour. com/destinations/cultural-tour-attractions/the-dorze-trip [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Rope bridge Location: Year: Architect: Materials:

India

Joinery:

Siang River, India Adi people Split bamboo, saplings, palm wood and rope Crossed weaving, lashed

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

In-Situ Assembly

Bamboo or timber elements are applied after the ropes have been hung for the bridge. Non-structural and exposed nature makes for easy replacement of decaying members.

Curved Bamboo Use

Curved Splits

Different variations of the designs use curved or straight splits of either bamboo, similar palm wood or sapling timbers.

Weather Proofing

Elevated

Bamboo elements are suspended over the ground and water by the bridge cables but unprotected in all other ways.

Bamboo Reliance

Mixed Structure

Timber/bamboo railing

Split bamboo mesh

Ropes or cables serve as the primary tensile structure with bamboo serving as spacing, bracing and decking structures to deliver the load of pedestrians onto the cables. Split bamboo walk path

Overall: Long, narrow pedestrian bridges mostly from far Northeast India combining cables and cheap timbers such as bamboo to provide access over rivers and gorges. Bridges are centred on the cables for strength and the bamboo or similar to provide a safe decking and railings as well as binding the cables into a singular bridge. BRIDGE SECTION (2017), Rope bridge [ONLINE]. Available at: http://www.treehouselife.co.uk/ iqs/gallery.174/galleryidx.2/rope-bridges-for-treehouses.html [Accessed 19 December 2017].

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Indonesia-Malaysia

Bidayuh traditional house Location: Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

Sarawak, Malaysia Bidayuh people Bamboo, timber and thatch Cross weaving

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

False Bamboo

Timber structure erected first with bamboo added as rafters, infill walls, flooring and interior cladding. Non-structural nature makes bamboo replacement easy without affecting core structure

Curved Bamboo Use

Straight Elements Only

Straight bamboo splits, whole poles and flattened bamboo cladding sheets used in various applications

Weather Proofing

Elevated, Rooved and Walled

Structures covered in large thatch roof with buildings elevated on timber posts and timber boards or flattened bamboo panels used as infill wall cladding

Bamboo Reliance

Infill Structure

Bamboo serves only minor structural roles such as rafters or infill with most primary structure being timber. Numerous decorative applications for bamboo used

Overall: A traditional mixed material building type centred on a timber primary structure with bamboo and thatch to finish the structure. Structures are expected to have good longevity with bamboo elements being easily replaceable at the end of their serviceable life

SECTION

ELEVATION WOVEN WALL DETAIL

(2017), Bidayuh Traditional House [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.scv.com. my/attractions/view/1/bidayuh-longhouse [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Vietnam bamboo bridge

Vietnam

Location: Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

Vietnam Vietnamese Bamboo, timber and rope Lashed, cross lashed

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

In-Situ Assembly

Bridge structure is built up from the piles in the river to the deck on top. Elements are fairly modular but not assembled as such but replacement of damaged members can be done without compromising the whole structure.

Curved Bamboo Use

Straight Elements Only

Straight whole poles used throughout as primary structure and decking.

Weather Proofing

Unguarded

Bamboo poles are unguarded from the elements with many load bearing elements being driven into the riverbed where water exposure is constant.

Bamboo Reliance

Large Pure Bamboo

Bamboo is used throughout the structure for all structural and cladding roles. Bamboo poles span considerable distances down to the riverbed to carry live and static loads. Bamboo decking and railings deliver loads to the bridge structure.

Overall: Simple bridges built entirely of bamboo used to span rivers and carry people and animals. Structures are durable but highly exposed to decay on both cladding and primary structures but are cheap and simple enough to replace and repair over time.

Footpath

Bridge column/footing

BRIDGE SECTION

(2017), Cau tre [ONLINE]. Available at: http://www.saigonmorning.com/du-lichdi-dau/lac-leo-qua-cau-tre-cam-dong/ [Accessed 19 December 2017].

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LOW SKILL Low skill buildings are ones which employ pre-established construction skills and readily available materials to create buildings often designed by trained architects for construction by non-specialised workforces. Bamboo elements as structural members are usually treated in similar manner to timber or using traditional bamboo-handling skills repurposed from vernacular traditions available in the local setting to create designs which can be made easily. Joinery methods usually involve vernacular methods of lashing or weaving as well as some degree of fixing using standard bolts or screws available to local builders. The forms and assembly methods are intended to be simple enough that they can be built quickly without the builders needing considerable expertise or higher education to achieve the designs. As such, many low skill bamboo buildings are intended as a kind of ‘new vernacular’ with the hope that developing communities can replicate the designs to raise the standards of living in areas deprived of wealth, education or often following natural disasters. As part of the heavy focus on low skill bamboo design as architectural solutions to developing communities, another key aspect in design is that they are affordable and can serve the community for long enough that they make a positive impact and entice people to consider using similar designs for their next build, rather than turning to materials like timber or concrete. Low skill bamboo architecture is often about showcasing the potential of bamboo in a humanitarian and environmentally focused way. Simple, functional designs using cheap materials and existing skilled labour intend to demonstrate the potential of the material to address housing needs and create interest in bamboo as a modern, contemporary material with architectural potential, not just as a poor-man’s material which is a negative stigma often associated with it in it’s native range. Unlike vernacular buildings which use bamboo because it’s simply available, the low skill designs tend to choose bamboo to make a clearly visible statement and place focus on it as a cheap, sustainable material for adding aesthetic qualities to buildings as well as affordable structural solutions.

Ale Border Esperanza Dos Community House

Colombia-Ecuador

Location: Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

El Cabuyal, Manabí, Ecuador 2009 al bordE Timber, bamboo, knitted straw Lashed, cross lashed

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

In-Situ Assembly

Main timbers are assembled in-situ to form the triangular outlines of the building with bamboo rafters then attached which anchor the shape in place. Bamboo members can be replaced with relative ease once roof thatch is removed.

Curved Bamboo Use

Straight Elements Only

Straight large poles are split in half to make majority of bamboo members.

Weather Proofing

Elevated, Rooved and Walled

Structure elevated on timber stumps with most of the surface area being enclosed with thatched roofing. Some limited wall areas are enclosed internally using rolled bamboo sheeting but not as a protective cladding.

Bamboo Reliance

Large Pure Bamboo

Bamboo serves mostly as roofing members and decorative finishes/cladding but timber takes the majority of structural loads.

Overall: Building is assembled in a vernacular way using traditional joinery, local materials and local skills with sapling and driftwood timber making up most of the structure and bamboo then serving as bracing and infill to complete the form. (2017), Nueva Esperanza School [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily. com/45942/nueva-esperanza-school-al-borde [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Ark of bamboo

Japan-Korea

Location: Year: Architect:

11

Materials: Joinery:

(2017), Ark of bamboo [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.japlusu.com/news/ ark-bamboo http://www.uia-architectes.org/en/exercer/nouvelles/7505#.WiyU9-WZZg [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Motoyoshi, Miyagi, Japan 2011 Toki Lab / University of Shiga Prefecture & Takahashi Kogyo Bamboo and fabric Lashed

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

Modular Distinct

Structure made in flat modules on the ground and erected in place. Modules are somewhat unique to achieve variation in ra-dial form. Modules heavily fixed with in-situ elements making replacement difficult with-out considerable disassembly to free-up modules

Curved Bamboo Use

Curved Splits

Bent whole poles used for main structure with bent splits used for finer detailing and sharper curves

Weather Proofing

Elevated, Rooved and Walled

Domed structure is clad in stretchy waterproof membrane providing weather protection. Structure rests on footings built of bamboo and sandbags but the footings ma not ensure total ground isolation. Longevity potential of structure is ok but limited.

Bamboo Reliance

Small Pure Bamboo

Structure is lightly built without considerable weight or loads applied except for wind with bamboo serving as the primary and only structural material being used

Overall: Relatively small pure bamboo structure with a tent-like design. Heavy focus on curved bamboo to achieve additional strength and cut down on complex junctions. Stretchy fabric membrane over the structure provides additional bracing to bamboo frame

Roof trusses

Detail 1

Bamboo column

TYPICAL BAMBOO UNIT

DETAIL 1


Pemulung house

Indonesia-Malaysia

Location: Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

Bali, Indonesia 2011 IBUKU Bamboo, corrugated metal roof, plastic bottles Lashed, fish mouth and bolt, pinned

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

In-Situ Assembly

Frame is simple and repetitive but not assembled in modular flat way instead using members fixed in final position. Bamboo cladding easily replaced though structural members may require moderate to significant dismantling to replace.

Curved Bamboo Use

Straight Elements Only

Straight large poles used exclusively as primary structure with smaller straights for cladding.

Weather Proofing

Elevated, Rooved and Walled

Broad skillion roof protects from weather with masonry footings to elevate structure. Bamboo cladding used for walls which protects structural members.

Bamboo Reliance

Large Pure Bamboo

Bamboo used exclusively for primary structure, flooring and cladding over two levels. Limited use of non-bamboo materials even as infill except for roof cladding.

Overall: Building is intended to be assembled as a terrace-style house using exclusively bamboo and cheap/recycled materials. Bamboo serves primary structural and ornamental purposes throughout the building and is easy to construct based on simple framework and limited manipulation of the bamboo. (2017), Pemulung House [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily. com/884519/pemulung-house-ibuku?utm_campaign=trueAnthem%3A+Trending+Content&utm_content=5a2244eb04d3011dcb1b256a&utm_medium=trueAnthem&utm_source=facebook [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Bamboo micro housing proposal

China-Taiwan

Location: Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

Hong Kong 2013 AFFECT-T Bamboo, timber Half bamboo splicing, pinned, fish mouth with bolt, bolted and wedged

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

Modular Distinct

Limited modularity in base bamboo frame but cladding and ornamentation require in-situ assembly.

Curved Bamboo Use

Curved Whole

Whole straight and whole bent poles used of equal diameters in design. Bent poles are of solid-core bamboo.

Weather Proofing

Unguarded

Structures intended for indoor conditions within a larger building shell. Limited protection offered by bamboo cladding, but structure would be vulnerable if built in outdoors conditions.

Bamboo Reliance

Large Pure Bamboo

Primary structure consists of bamboo used to take both the static structure loads and live loads of residents on upper level of the building. Heavy use of bamboo for decorative cladding and flooring purposes as well.

Split half bamboo tube

Slided bamboo joined by ropes

WALL SECTION

OPENING DETAIL

3.5mm bolt

Timber dowel Concrete filled bamboo tube WALL ELEVATION

WALL SECTION

Overall: Small bamboo homes intended for construction within a larger structure. Hollow and solid core bamboo are used for structural and sculptural roles to complete the intended aesthetic and performance needs of the building.

JOINT BETWEEN TIMBER AND BAMBOO (2017), Bamboo Micro Housing Proposal [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www. archdaily.com/480729/bamboo-micro-housing-proposal-affect-t [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Suoi Re community house Location:

Vietnam

Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

(2017), Suoi Re community house [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www. archdaily.com/102639/suoi-re-village-community-house-ki%25e1%25ba%25bfn-vi%25e1%25bb%2587t [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Suoi Re village, Hoa Binh, Vietnam 2010 Hoang Thuc Hao and partners Stone, bamboo, soil and palm leaves Pinned, lashed, cross lashed, fish mouth with bolt

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

In-Situ Assembly

Building built from repeated frames but frames are assembled in place due to pisé walls being installed first. In-situ construction makes assembly more difficult and replacement of damaged members almost impossible without significant demolition.

Curved Bamboo Use

Straight Elements Only

All members are large, straight poles without splitting or bending.

Weather Proofing

Elevated, Rooved and Walled

Building is thoroughly enveloped by weather proofing consisting of a masonry lover level, pisé walls and palm-thatch roof with significant overhang providing excellent protection.

Bamboo Reliance

Large Pure Bamboo

Building is primarily bamboo for structural components and decorative finishes but pisé walls provide a significant bracing role in keeping the bamboo framework in place as well as steelwork to support the floor.

Overall: The building places a heavy focus on traditional materials and construction methods to provide a versatile, long-lived and contemporary space with a strong cultural connection. Bamboo is important and well used but still one of a number of methods of traditional construction used including stone masonry, thatch and earthen construction (pisé).

Railing detail

Elevation

Treat detail STAIR DETAIL

Section ROOF TRUSS JOINTS

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Treehouse Suite Location: Year: Architect:

Mexico

Materials: Joinery:

Guerrero, Mexico 2015 Deture Culsign, Architecture+Interiors Bamboo and timber Pinned

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

False Bamboo

Bamboo elements installed as a finishing material onto primary structure. Due to nature as a surface treatment, damaged elements can be easily replaced without affecting the structure.

Curved Bamboo Use

Straight Elements Only

Small straight poles used without splitting or bending.

Weather Proofing

Elevated

Except for internal members which are in an interior environment, external members are only protected by elevation as a cladding material.

Bamboo Reliance

Decorative Only

Bamboo members serve as wall claddings and detailing but serve no structural roles within the buildings which are deferred to the timber frame underneath.

Overall: Structure is a conventional timber building with a sculptural form employing bamboo as an aesthetic cladding and detailing material. Elements are highly exposed but are non-critical to the longevity of the building and easily replaceable

30-40mm Bamboo 50-80mm Bamboo

3 layer wall Bamboo/3 layers of plywoods/Bamboo WALL SECTION

WALL SECTION DETAIL

(2017), Treehouse suite [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily. com/796571/treehouse-suite-deture-culsign-architecture-plus-interiors [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Bamboo forest Location: Year: Architect:

Japan-Korea

Materials: Joinery:

Tokyo, Japan 2015 Vo Trong Nghia, Kosuke Nishijima Bamboo, concrete Lashed

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

In-Situ Assembly

Structure built from the slab up with elements fixed in final positions. Outer elements could be replaced easily but primary structure difficult to impossible to replace

Curved Bamboo Use

Curved Whole

Majority of structure is straight poles but main focal ‘corridor’ uses whole poles curved into pointed arches

Weather Proofing

Elevated

No weather-proofing of bamboo structure except for the concrete slab, though slab surface, exposed to rain, would result in water resting on bamboo footings. Service life may not be very long before repairs are needed

Bamboo Reliance

Small Pure Bamboo

Entire structure uses bamboo for primary structure and detailing but lack or roof or occupied floors places very minimal reliance on the bamboo to perform structurally

Overall: Structure is a decorative folly-like space using bamboo to achieve a visually complex 3D mesh evoking a forest-like feel. All bamboo elements are highly exposed to the weather and may deteriorate quickly compromising the long-term presence of the piece (2017), Bamboo forest [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily. com/776536/bamboo-forest-vo-trong-nghia-architects [Accessed 19 December 2017].

The Green School

Indonesia-Malaysia

Location: Year: Architect: Materials:

13

Joinery:

Badung, Mengwi, Indonesia 2007 IBUKU Bamboo, timber, thatches and concrete Fish mouth with bolt, lashed, pinned

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

In-Situ Assembly

Structure built in-situ by progressively erecting poles in final placements. Open nature of the structure may make it possible to replace damaged or decayed member with minimum impact to the whole structure.

Curved Bamboo Use

Straight Elements Only

Large, whole, straight poles used with only minor bending used for trimming the roof outline.

Weather Proofing

Elevated and Rooved

All bamboo members raised on masonry blocks with broad roof giving thorough coverage to all structural components.

Bamboo Reliance

Large Pure Bamboo

Entire structure supported by bamboo over two levels with significantly scaled roof also supported entirely in bamboo. Bamboo also used as primary finishing and detailing system as well as roof base for thatch.

Overall: Structure places heavy emphasis on bamboo as a complete building system. Bamboo structure radiates from a series of stone footings to support broad, organically formed rooves. Structure is complex and primarily a show-piece expressing the potential of the material but may be difficult to repair as bamboo members succumb to decay over time, (2017), The green school [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily. com/81585/the-green-school-pt-bambu [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Detail 1

Thatched roof 1-2 cm rattan batten 5-6 cm bamboo batten

10-15 cm bamboo rafter Split bamboo beam

ROOF DETAIL

DETAIL 1 SPLIT BAMBOO BEAM


Bamboo Courtyard Teahouse

China-Taiwan

Location: Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

Shiqiao, China 2012 Harmony World Consulting & Design Bamboo, timber and concrete Pinned, lashed

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

False Bamboo

Bamboo added as decorative infills to a masonry and steel structure. Elements either installed in-situ on frame or assembled prior and fixed as a module. Non-structural, surface-applied nature makes for easy replacement of worn or damaged elements

Curved Bamboo Use

Straight Elements Only

Small, whole, straight poles used exclusively as screening

Weather Proofing

Elevated

Bamboo is entirely exposed to the elements except for being elevated from the ground through attachment to underlying structure

Bamboo Reliance

Infill Structure

Primary structure is built of masonry and steel with bamboo serving solely as decoration. Structural reliance on bamboo is entirely self-supporting where it spans large infills

Overall: Contemporary structure using bamboo as an aesthetic finish to a masonry building. Bamboo is exposed but non-structural meaning the building is long-lived but would require many replacements to the bamboo over the lifetime of the building. (2017), Bamboo courtyard teahouse [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/323464/bamboo-courtyard-teahouse-harmony-world-consulting-design [Accessed 19 December 2017].

BB house

Vietnam

Location: Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam 2013 H&P Architects Bamboo, concrete, cement Steel anchor, fish mouth with bolt, pinned, bolted and concrete filled

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

In-Situ Assembly

Structure exhibits some limited modularity, but primary structure still largely assembled in-situ with some modular elements installed onto it. Cladding easily replaced but primary structure very difficult to replace if deteriorated.

Curved Bamboo Use

Straight Elements Only

Straight whole poles, splits and weaves used throughout structure.

Weather Proofing

Elevated and Walled

Structure rooved in thatch weave and clad in bamboo offering ok protection, but elevated structure still rests on bamboo footings on the earth leading to potential risk of rot from below.

Bamboo Reliance

Large Pure Bamboo

Bamboo is used throughout the building as a primary structural material used to support the static and live loads of the elevated lower and upper floors and wind resistance. Bamboo used for all interior cladding and finishing purposes including interior furnishings.

Steel anchor

Cement filled bamboo tube

Steel anchor Cement filled for waterproofing

Overall: Small, multi-level bamboo house using triangular geometry centred on bamboo as the sole structural and ornamental material throughout.

Cam Thanh community house Location: Year: Architect: Materials:

Vietnam

INTERLOCKING CONNECTION (ROOF CORNER-BOTTOM CHORD)

INTERLOCKING CONNECTION (ROOF CORNER-TOP CHORD)

(2017), BB house [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/431271/bbhome-h-and-p-architects [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Joinery:

Hoi An, Quang Nam, Vietnam 2015 Hoang Thuc Hao and partners Bamboo, concrete, coconut leaves Pinned, plastic strap lashed

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

Modular Distinct

Elements have only limited repetition but can easily be assembled elsewhere and raised on site. A damaged element could be replaced as a single unit without adversely affecting the rest of the structure except for the immediate roof which would need support during the replacement process.

Curved Bamboo Use

Straight Elements Only

All members are straight poles with no deliberate bending

Weather Proofing

Elevated, Rooved and Walled

Thatch roof and masonry walls completely envelope the structure except for internal courtyards. Footings isolated from elements via concrete slab protected by the walls and roof. Very minimal risk of decay if any.

Bamboo Reliance

Mixed Structure

Bamboo used to support roof but bolstered with timber and supported by masonry walls to prevent movement.

Plastic strap

Section

Section A-A

Plan

BAMBOO SKILLION ROOF DETAIL (2017), Cam Thanh community house [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/638776/cam-thanh-community-house-1-1-2 [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Timber + bamboo column

Steel + bamboo column

14


HIGH SKILL High skill buildings are the top-end of bamboo construction. Often designed by architects specialized in the field with a rich understanding of the material and it’s properties, not just as a replacement for wood, high skill designs tend to be prestigious or showy. The most defining feature of high skill bamboo architecture is in the complexity of its joinery which often features intricate cutting, fixing or filling with bespoke/ custom-made fixings and hardware to attach pieces of bamboo in highly intricate junctions which require considerable manual labour and skill and often custom-made tool and equipment to achieve. Many designs will also hide custom steelwork into the bamboo structures or other carefully disguised secondary structures. Bamboo is almost always treated using traditional or high-tech treatment methods and as such requires considerable preparation even before construction begins to ensure the long-term viability of the structures. Designs created by specialized bamboo architects will also usually employ skilled methods of manipulating, bending or connecting of bamboo which along with specialized joinery elements and treatment will usually need trained builders with previous expertise in bamboo construction to build rather than employing regular builders. Construction is usually lengthly and expensive. High skill bamboo architecture is usually created at great cost for prestigious competitions, holiday resorts, major public buildings or other structures intended for use beyond the local community and will thus need to not only showcase bamboo replacing other materials for simple jobs but as something which exhibits the full architectural potential of the material. High skill designs are about making a powerful statement to the public as well as getting other architects excited about the material. Bamboo in these types of buildings can feature as the entire building solution from structure through to details and furnishings or as an accompaniment to other materials. Many high skill designs tend to push the bamboo to the extremes of what it can do, rather than operate within the ‘safe’ realm, usually through large scales or highly intricate, sculptural forms.

Temporary Cathedral

Colombia-Ecuador

Location: Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

Cartagena, Colombia 1999 Simon Velez Bamboo (Guadua), Aliso, and concrete Bolted and concrete filled, fish mouth and bolt, pinned, lashed

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

Modular Repetitive

Elements are generally identical frames which could be built flat and raised into place. The dense packing of the frame elements would make replacement difficult from the ground but a crane could be used to insert replacements from above with relative ease.

Curved Bamboo Use

Curved Whole

Structure uses un-split full-length poles and makes use of the natural curvature of the poles rather than placing poles under stress to achieve tight bends.

Weather Proofing

Elevated and Rooved

Short stumps provide elevation from the ground and a large gable roof covers the building from above. The walls of the building are generally consist of an open bamboo weave and offer little weather protection but the roof overhang compensates largely.

Bamboo Reliance

Large Pure Bamboo

Large scale structure of significant internal volume and height places entire structural needs on the bamboo. Junctions are reinforced with concrete filling but no other material takes strain away from the bamboo which runs as full, unbroken lengths from floor to ceiling.

Overall: Building represents a pure bamboo build relying entirely on the bamboo to achieve structural needs and most of the external and internal finishes. Identical modular framework elements and prismatic form make for easy to build elements which could be replaced easily using a crane but otherwise not possible. Weather protection used could ensure a good service life of the building. (2017), Temporary church [ONLINE]. Available at: http://creativeponga. com/2014/09/simon-velez-dont-be-obsessed-with-bambu/ [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Bamboo Gateway Location:

China-Taiwan

Year: Architect: Materials:

15

Joinery:

Chishui, Zunyi, Guizhou, China 2008 West-line studio Steam-treated bamboo, concrete Splicing with metal tube

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

False Bamboo

Primary structure of concrete construction with bamboo elements added individually to complete the façade system. The individually installed and no-structural nature of the bamboo elements makes for easy replacement of damaged or decayed pieces.

Curved Bamboo Use

Straight Elements Only

Bamboo used are whole, straight lengths without bending applied to them

Weather Proofing

Elevated and Rooved

Bamboo poles are suspended from above meaning no contact with the ground. The roof above offers protection to the exposed ends but the main lengths are exposed entirely to the elements from the side as they form the facade.

Bamboo Reliance

(2017), Bamboo gateway [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily. com/797620/bamboo-gateway-west-line-studio [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Decorative Only

All elements of the structure rely on non-bamboo elements to support the building. Bamboo elements are installed as a sculptural suspended façade where each member needs only support its own weight.

Section

Concrete filled bamboo joint

SUSPENDED BAMBOO STRUCTURE


Ananda House Location: Year: Architect: Materials:

Indonesia-Malaysia

Joinery:

Abiansemal, Indonesia 2015 IBUKU Bamboo, timber and concrete Lashed, fish mouth with bolt, pinned

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

In-Situ Assembly

Structure built in-situ from radiating poles set on stumps with floors and rooves built onto this primary structure. Replacement of damaged or decayed elements may be difficult or impossible without significant disassembly.

Curved Bamboo Use

Curved Whole

Structure mostly built of large straight poles with gently curved elements used to generate the organic roof geometry. Splits and bamboo weaves used in interior decorations.

Weather Proofing

Elevated and Rooved

Structure rests on raised concrete stumps for ground separation with broad organic-form rooves creating broad overhead coverage of underlying structures providing good potential longevity to bamboo members.

Bamboo Reliance

Large Pure Bamboo

Structure used bamboo for all primary structures including multiple load-bearing floors as well as heavy ornamental use for interior fittings, cladding and details.

Overall: Structures place extensive focus on bamboo as a structural and ornamental material including various sized poles and diverse means of detailing using the material. Construction is complicated and highly artistic but difficult to repair if damaged without undermining the building as a whole

(2017), Ananda house [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily. com/883984/ananda-house-ibuku [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Bamboo ridge tile Roof detail

Bamboo ridge bamboo SPLIT BAMBOO BEAM SECTION

Split bamboo beam Shingle thatched roof Bamboo batten Bamboo rafter

Split bamboo beam

Bamboo column detail

Vietnam

SECTION

Location: Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

Sen Village Community Center

Tan An, Long An, Vietnam 2015 Vo Trong Nghia Bamboo, thatches and concrete Pinned, lashed, cross lashed

(2017), Sen village [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/775317/sen-village-community-center-vo-trong-nghia-architects [Accessed 19 December 2017].

ROOF SECTION

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

Modular Repetitive

Identical repetitive modules are arranged in a radial form to achieve the circular building. Elements could be assembled flat on the ground but would require careful and skilled work to stand up and fix in place. Replacing damaged modules would be difficult to impossible without disassembling the roof of the structure which is built in-situ.

Curved Bamboo Use

Curved Whole

Building make extensive use of curved bamboo in bundles to achieve structural resistance in the frame by placing a bend in the poles.

Weather Proofing

Elevated and Rooved

A raised concrete slab keeps the members from resting on the ground. The structure is essentially a roof which has significant overhang thus keeping weather out of the structure. Lack of walls does allow a fair bit of weather to pass through the building with the aid of wind but otherwise it is well protected.

Bamboo Reliance

Large Pure Bamboo

All elements of the structure rely on non-bamboo elements to support the building. Bamboo elements are installed as a sculptural suspended faรงade where each member needs only support its own weight.

Overall: Structure make extensive use of bamboo to achieve a large-scale building relying entirely on bamboo to achieve strength. Construction is complex and replacement of worn-out/degraded elements is difficult to impossible. Care has been taken to maximize longevity of the building and prevent the need for replacement of members.

COLUMN DETAIL

Detail 1

BAMBOO ROOF TRUSS DETAIL Section A-A

16


Colombia-Ecuador

Zeri pavilion Location: Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

Manizales, Colombia 2000 Simon Velez Guadua, Aliso and concrete Rhizome support, bolted and concrete filled, fish mouth with bolt, lashed, pinned

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

In-Situ Assembly

Entire structure uses a radial modular aesthetic but constructed in-situ rather than in pre-built elements. Replacement of damaged and weathered elements is difficult to impossible without massive disassembly

Curved Bamboo Use

Straight Elements Only

Whole, straight poles used throughout primary structure though in places, the rhizome base adds a natural curve to the peaks of the arches at the ends of some straight poles

Weather Proofing

Elevated and Rooved

Large conical roof provides thorough coverage from above and raised concrete footings keep structure elevated above the ground. No walls are used at all but structure is quite well protected from the weather by roof and footings

Bamboo Reliance

Mixed Structure

Entirety of structure uses bamboo for structural and aesthetic roles except for the primary vertical columns which are deferred to timber bundled in with the bamboo. All other bracing and horizontal members are bamboo

Overall: Large-scale structure uses bamboo for most primary roles and incorporates complex joinery to achieve structural performance on large scale. Assembly is difficult and complicated with little ability for repairs but design compensates somewhat by creating good weather protection and bamboo pre-treatments

Detail 6

Detail 5

Naiju community center

Japan-Korea

SECTION 2

(2017), Zeri pavilion [ONLINE]. Available at: http://resourceculture.de/articles/manizales-zeri-pavilion-simon-velez [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Detail 4

17

SECTION 1

Location: Year: Architect:

Naiju, Japan 1995 Hamura Shoei Yoh

Materials: Joinery:

Bamboo and concrete Cross weaving

Assembly Method

Classification

Note

Woven on Site

Entire structure woven on site as a series of primary and infill panels to create the overall form with support structures removed once complete. Massive and complex weave makes replacement of damaged members difficult or impossible without significant disassembly and demolition

Curved Bamboo Use

Curved Splits

Curved split bamboo woven into organic-form roof structure

Weather Proofing

Elevated and Rooved

Structure entirely clad in giant roof and elevated off the ground on a slab meaning little to no chance of bamboo structure receiving damage from weather

Bamboo Reliance

Large Pure Bamboo

Bamboo framework entirely self-supporting. Structure doesn’t take live loads but s of a significant scale. Roof cladding is a separate self-supporting concrete structure and not loaded onto bamboo underneath

Overall: Structure is essentially a giant woven pavilion sitting within a concrete structure mirroring its exact form with neither reliant on the other for support. Concrete structure comprises the entirety of the visible structure from outside with the bamboo structure only visible from within

Detail 1 Detail 2

Detail 3

Self supporting concrete

Woven bamboo frame to form structure shape

SELF SUPPORTING ROOF


Bamboo playhouse

Indonesia-Malaysia

Location: Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2015 Eleena Jamil Architect Bamboo, bamboo split, concrete and timber Lashed, pinned, fish mouth with bolt, cross weaving

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

Modular Repetitive

Structure is comprised of numerous identical umbrella-like forms which could be produced off-site. In-situ construction is employed for finishing fit-outs and detailing and could be repaired easily in small sections at a time.

Curved Bamboo Use

Straight Elements Only

Large, whole straight poles are used for all structural elements.

Weather Proofing

Elevated and Rooved

Each module stands on a single concrete base surrounded by an elevated platform with a broad spanning roof providing good coverage. No walls are used but risk of moisture contact is low due to shape.

Bamboo Reliance

Small Pure Bamboo

All structural components are of bamboo except for the footing structures. Bamboo elements support limited loads except for a few raised platforms for seating as well as ornamental detailing.

Overall: Structure serves as a simple pavilion-type build primary to shelter visitors. Bamboo is heavily expressed and visible and modular construction should make replacement of damaged elements relatively simple.

TYPICAL UMBRELLA-SHAPED UNIT

(2017), Bamboo playhouse [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.archdaily. com/777325/the-bamboo-playhouse-eleena-jamil-architect [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Bamboo architecture biennale, Baoxi, China

China-Taiwan

Location: Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

Baoxi, China 2013 Anna Heringer Bamboo, bamboo split, concrete and stones Hexagonal weaving, pinned, lashed

Assembly Method

Note

Woven on Site

Majority of structure is woven as a mesh onto bamboo and steel frame built in-situ. Highly exposed bamboo structures are easily accessed but complex requiring skill to replace but otherwise relatively easy without compromising primary structures

Curved Bamboo Use

Curved Splits

Curved splits and whole straight poles used with heavy focus on splits used in weaving

Weather Proofing

Elevated

Structure elevated on stone base but most bamboo elements and weaves have no weather protection and are likely to deteriorate quickly

Bamboo Reliance

Mixed Structure

Bamboo serves primarily as cladding infills and ornamentation with some structural roles. Primary inhabited spaces are of masonry construction with steel used as cores for fixing bamboo elements

Overall: Highly sculptural buildings placing focus on local building materials and techniques including bamboo weaving, earth and stone construction. Bamboo is mostly used as a decorative shell around a masonry core building to provide an aesthetic character to the build and showcase local craftsmanship skills in bamboo use

(2017), Bamboo biennale in China [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www. designboom.com/architecture/anna-heringer-bamboo-biennale-china-baoxi-hostel-buildings-04-21-2017/ [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Wind & water bar Location: Year: Architect: Materials: Joinery:

Vietnam

Classification

Binh Duong, Vietnam 2008 Vo Trong Nghia Steam treated bamboo and concrete Pinned, lashed

Classification

Note

Assembly Method

In-Situ Assembly

Structure has limited modularity in its design with most primary members requiring in-situ assembly. Light and open structure makes for easy access to deteriorating members but complex joins may require skill to replace without damaging overall structure

Curved Bamboo Use

Curved Whole

Heavily curved whole poles used alongside straight poles of same diameters

Weather Proofing

Elevated and Rooved

Broad curved skillion roof, originally intended to be thatched in mangrove palm provides thorough coverage of primary structure with elevated concrete slab isolating bamboo from earth

Bamboo Reliance

Mixed Structure

Structure primarily of bamboo but hidden steel cores direct loads through vertical columns and reduce reliance on bamboo for primary load bearing as well as some hidden bracing in roof structure

Overall: A light-weight pavilion structure with an open design using slender curved poles to support a horseshoe-shaped roof around a courtyard pond. Structure uses treated bamboo fixed to discreet steel members to add longevity and durability to the structure (2017), WnW cafe bar [ONLINE]. Available at: https://www.dezeen. com/2012/09/03/wind-and-water-bar-by-vo-trong-nghia/ [Accessed 19 December 2017].

Circular steel frame Bent bamboo frame

Woven bamboo mesh 6 bamboo core

SECTION B-B Split bamboo mesh

PLAN

WOVEN BAMBOO MESH SUPPORT FRAME SECTION A-A

Detail 2

Detail 1

Detail 1

TYPICAL BAMBOO UNIT

Detail 2

18


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