Yongkiat portfolio pages

ARCHITECTURAL PORTFOLIO 2013 - 2017

TEE YONG KIAT

“Work hard in silence. Let your success be your noise.�

03

Acknowledgment I would like to express my gratitude to Professor Carlos Baùón, Professor Stylianos Dritsas, Professor Sawako Kaijima, Professor Toni Kotnik, Mr. Jean Milou, Mr. Dongmin Shin, Mr. Aloysius Lian and so on who have guided me throughout my learning journey.

Also, I would like to extend my special thanks to my family and friends who understood my condition when I was busy.

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Curriculum Vitae

Hello, I am a fresh graduated master student from SUTD. My interest to art has emerged since I was young, as I had obsession to observe and sketch materials that inspired me. Over time, I am interested to architecture as I can convert a beautiful concept into an elegant object. My main approach to design is to simplify complexity into simple and functional scheme. I always articulate on spatial quality as well as circulation experience for building design. My favorite architects are Toyo Ito as well as Bjerk Ingels.

TEE YONG KIAT

Address :

Blk 19 Ghim Moh Road, #13-237, Singapore 270019

Nationality : Date of Birth : Contact Number : Email :

Malaysian 24.03.1993 +65 93503600 ttkiat93@gmail.com

Experience Architectural Intern | 11.2017 - 03.2018 DP Architects + Involving areas: Conceptual design, Schematic design + Projects: Dubai Creek, Gold and Diamond Park, Handy Road GLS Project + Worked in multiple Dubai and local projects Architectural Intern | 09.2016 - 12.2016 Aedas Limited + Involving areas: Schematic design, detailed development + Projects: Mixed-use development, exposition + Worked in multiple overseas projects until completion stage + Completed detailed design of apartment unit Architectural Intern | 05.2015 - 09.2015 CPG Corporation + Involving areas: Conceptual design, schematic design + Projects: Educational Institution + Produced mass drawings from micro to macro scales + Designed main atrium for an international school

Competition

Education Master Degree | 2017 - 2018 Singapore University of Technology and Design | SUTD + Thesis title: Floating City-An alternative to land reclamation + Type: Computational urban planning + Focus: Flotation technology, hybrid transportation system + Completed with distinction grade Barchelor Degree | 2013 - 2016 Singapore University of Technology and Design | SUTD + Completed with CGPA of 3.99 over 5.0 under architecture and sustainable design pillar + Involving projects: Residential, commercial, retail, urban planning + Skills: 3D modeling, drafting, computational design, indexing, CFD A-Level | 05.2014 - 09.2014 Ledang Highschool + Completed with CGPA of 3.85 over 4.0 under science and mathematics flow + Involving position: Librarian + Won 1st place in intraschool marathon

Co-curriculum | CCA

International Tropical Architecture Design (ITAD) Competition | 07.2015 Urban Redevelopment Authority | URA + Involving areas: Conceptual design + Objective: Developing a sustainable and innovative idea of green building design under tropical climate

Sutdio Initiative Exco | 2015 - 2017 Singapore University of Technology and Design | SUTD + Initiating and planning projects for or with the ASD society + Task: ASD Grad Show 2017, SUTD Open House 2016, ASD Tote Bag Design

Your Ideas for Public Spaces Competition | 02.2014 Urban Redevelopment Authority | URA

Basketball Club Member | 2015- 2017 Singapore University of Technology and Design | SUTD

+ Involving areas: Conceptual design + Objective: Conceiving and developing creative ideas to transform the empty spaces along Singapore River Promenade

+ Trained physical and communication skill with other members + Involved in intra and inter-university competitions

Skills

Languages

Rhino Sketch-Up 3Ds Max AutoCAD

English

Mandarin

Malay

Travel

Workout

Revit Autodesk CFD Grasshopper Photoshop Illustrator

Interests

Indesign Vray Lumion Premiere Pro Microsoft Office Sketch Digital Fabrication

Music

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RÉSUMÉ VOLCANO TOWER THE PETALS

05

09-15

17-21

SUTDx

23-25

URBAN STRIPS

27-31

PANDANG

33-37

THE ARTS HOUSE

39-41

THE CRACKS

43-47

URBAN KAMPONG

49-51

SPATIAL JOINT

53-55

PAVILION

57

ARCHED CHAIR

59

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01

VOLCANO TOWER SUSTAINABLE TROPICAL TOWER

In this project, a new visions of relatively low high-rise developments are sought for not only more ef ficient but more relevant typologies targeted to a tropical climate.

Void deck - a ubiquitous and iconic communal space that can be found at Singapore or other tropical countries, which is normally ventilated and lightened naturally. Hence, the main concept is to translate and promote this phenomenon throughout the building design.

Along with this idea, a massive and hollow space is created to replace the core of the building. Meanwhile, the space will be enriched by well design circulation system as well as exciting viewing platforms. With this design, dynamic and vibrant social spaces are generated throughout the building to enhance social experience among the users.

Likewise, the building is punctured with dif ferent densities to bring in daylight and cool air into deep space of the building. Also, it connects people in terms of indoor-tooutdoor and top-to-bottom across the building.

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PROJECT 01 _ VOLCANO TOWER

Site Context & Massing Development The intervention is located in a waterfront area under tropical climate.

Meanwhile, the site receives prevailing wind from North-north-east and South-south-west directions.

Hence, the building design is conceived as a volcano form as a strategy to target different conditions of tropical climate.

1. Extrude

2. Twist

3. Excavate

4. Project

A pyramid block is extruded from the site to create a programmatic volume.

To receive daylight more evenly across the building, the block is twisted by following the sun path.

Following the wind rose direction, the volume is excavated from the block to create a ventilated public plaza.

Multiple platforms of different scales are projected to the volume, creating a multi-faceted and multitiered social region.

Structural Design Unlike a regular monolithic tower, this tower form splits and spreads outwards at the bottom part, which creates a suspended building structure. Hence, to ensure building stability, different elements such as core, substructure and slab are employed to distribute building’s load.

4th strata

3rd strata

2nd strata

1st strata

1. Core & Shaft

2. Exoskeleton

3. Slab

The main supporting structure, which several vertical elements stretched from ground and connected to bending edges of the building.

Tilted columns are associated aside the core and shaft to distribute and transfer building load

Different sizes of slab intersperse across the vertical supports to create programmatic spaces for users.

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Hollow Center The building is designed as hollow center, forming a conduit that draws cool breeze efficiently within the building. Meanwhile, sky gardens are provided to regulate ambient temperature across the residential cluster that settles at upper part of the building.

Legend:

+80m

Residential Theater Retail Indoor Sports Eldercare & Childcare Healthcare Communal Center Cool Breeze Warm Air

+28m

0m

-12m

0

10

25

50

100m

PROJECT 01 _ VOLCANO TOWER

Sustainable Design Passive cooling system - the double faรงade design can be seen as a sustainable solution to regulate warm and moist temperature in building under tropical climate.

Meanwhile, with green faรงade, it not only cools down the ambient temperature surrounding the building, but also softens the rigid concrete faรงade. Likewise, openings are incorporated to draw cool air into building interior.

Also, low-E glass is equipped to reflect the heat from the sun but still allow daylight to spill into interior spaces.

Legend: Cool Air Warm Air Daylight

Low-E Glass Green Wall

Exterior Gap

Interior Gap Low-E Glass

Sky Garden

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STRUCTURE: Due to volcano building form, exoskeleton supports are incorporated to ensure the stability of the building.

Outdoor Communal Area

VOID SPACE: A void space rises in a dynamic way to provide an exciting social space for people. Likewise, the dramatic entrances provide a grandeur experience for people when entering the building.

BUILDING FORM: Ramps can blend seamlessly with the volcano building form and the flat context. The ergonomic building form stands as an iconic landmark in current cityscape.

12

PROJECT 0x _ x

PERFORATION: With perforated design, it can enhance the natural cooling system and lighting system in the building.

The outdoor pocket spaces not only connect people together, but also introduce cool air and sunlight into the building.

Rooftop Landscaping

Entrances

13

14

PROJECT 01 _ VOLCANO TOWER

From top left clockwise: Building aerial perspective view Ergonomic slab structure Building section Entrance beside stream

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02 PETALS

SOCIALLY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING

In this project, my main idea is to create a public plaza surrounded by residential blocks.

This is due to lacking of proper connection between the intervention and the natural green path. In fact, the green path is the main recreational belt for adjacent residents to exercise and cycle. Meanwhile, a nearby food court can be a good option for people to rest af ter exercise.

Hence, a grand courtyard space can be introduced into this residential area, which connects seamlessly to the existing green path. Through this design, it aims to become a vibrant public area, allowing people from surrounding can share quality lifes with residents.

16

PROJECT 02 _ THE PETALS

Site Analysis The site is located in next to a natural green path, which is a prominent promenade for people to cycle and exercise. Meanwhile, it can be a focal point in relative neighbourhood due to its vicinity of community center, biopolis. MRT station, market and food center.

Buona Vista Community Center Holland Drive Market & Food Center

Existing Green Path

Site

Buona Vista MRT Interchange Biopolis

Design Development

1. Flush

2. Extrude

3. Split

A building footprint is flushed to the site parameter

A volume is extruded to moderate height to protect visual connection of buildings from surrounding

Following the prominent passages, the volume is splitted into three parts to create civic areas

4. Stack

5. Excavate

6. Circulate

The units are arranged in terrace form to create balconies for residents

Through excavation, it connects the existing green path with central courtyard

Seamless circulation is mainly defined by staircases and ramps

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Site Plan The units are tessellated in slanted way to create private zone on each balcony.

Meanwhile, it drives residents’ view towards the central courtyard.

Residential Volume The building is designed as several tilted blocks, enhancing daylight and ventilation system across the units

Structure To support the tilted structure, shear walls and large columns are necessary to apply to the building

Street Level Other than the central courtyard, landscapes face towards streets that have nice sheltered regions, providing good communal spots for users

Underground Level A central plaza links to the adjacent entrances to form a flexible activity platform

Legend: Public Plaza

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Retail Area

Communal Area

PROJECT 02 _ THE PETALS

Section

Unlike regular elevator, inclined 250 elevators are mainly employed to send people from street level 0 500 1000 to upper levels.

METER

0

250 250

500 500

1000 1000m METER

Unit Type TYPE 1 - STUDIO APARTMENT

TYPE 2 - DOUBLE BEDROOM APARTMENT

1 1 5

2

6 3

Legend: 1. Balcony 2. Living Room 3. Kitchen & Dining 4. Laundry Room 5. Study Room 6. Bedroom 7. Changing room 8. Bathroom

2

5 8 3 6

4 7 8

9

4

10

Legend: 1. Balcony 2. Living Room 3. Dining 4. Kitchen 5. Bedroom 6. Study Room 7. Store Room 8. Master Bedroom 9. Changing Room 10. Bathroom 11. Bathroom 12. Laundry Room

11 7

12

TYPE 3 - DUPLEX APARTMENT

1

1

2 3

8

2 5

4 3

5 6 7

Upper Floor

6 7

9

Legend (Lower Floor): 1. Balcony 2. Living Room 3. Dining 4. Study Room 5. Kitchen 6. Toilet 7. Store Room

Legend (Upper Floor): 1. Balcony 2. Master Bedroom 3. Bathroom 4. Changing Room 5. Bathroom 6. Laundry Room 7. Bedroom 8. Study Room 9. Bedroom

4

Lower Floor

0 0

25 25

50

100m 100 METER19

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PROJECT 02 _ THE PETALS

Physical Models (from top to bottom): Aerial View Green path entrance perspective Side entrance perspective

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03 SUTDx

SUTD SATELLITE CAMPUS

In this project, we were asked to design an institution with flexible spaces to host a variety of public events of SUTD in the city center. Likewise, this building houses various programs related to administrative functions.

In fact, the intervention is a lawn that is sitting in a vibrant urban context. Meanwhile, the site is surrounded by tall vegetation that provides well shaded space. However, the green belt obscures the view from the adjacent road as well as restraints pedestrians to traverse the lawn.

Therefore, the current human traf fic normally happens at the peripheral of the site.

To regain the vibrancy and accessibility of the site, several entries will be created by shif ting away the tall vegetation.

Meanwhile, several public activities such as cafe and theatre can be introduced into the building to create a great congregation area at the site.

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PROJECT 03 _ SUTDx

Programmatic Platform The programmatic areas are placed on elevated platforms. The upper segment is assigned for students’ progarm whereas lower one for administrative purpose

Spiral Circulation To provide sheltered walking regions, the main circulation paths revolve around the courtyards.

Meanwhile, transparent façade provides nice inward panoramic view towards courtyards

Meandering Path A walkable roof is implemented, providing a suitable platform for people to conduct outdoor activity

Elevated Building Legend: Study Room ESD ISTD EPD ASD Fabrication Lab Workshop Dance Studio Jam Room Exhibition Area Cafe & Restaurant Auditorium Reception Area Open Platform Toilet

The building is elevated to provide an unobscure and walkable region for people to access the site

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Courtyard Perspective View The elevated building frees up ground level, which provides a porous, pedestrian-friendly and fully public people plaza.

Sky path The roof is fully natural ventilated and illuminated, letting people to enjoy the view from surrounding while wandering along a meander path

24

PROJECT 03 _ SUTDx

Model perspective view Meanwhile, the roof can be designed as a sky garden, which blends seamlessly with surrounding landscape

25

04

URBAN STRIPS CONNECTION BETWEEN URBAN AND NATURE

In this project, we were asked to revitalize a natural space in One North area. The intervened zone is sitting across a beautiful and windy sloped grass lawn. Likewise, it is embraced by tall buildings and lush greenery. Ideally, this place can be a nice gathering and circulation area for people.

However, it is not a vibrant place as one would expect. One of the biggest reasons is the existing steep slope which may be a barrier deterring the residents from utilizing this area.

Hence, my concept is to design urban strips which blends in seamlessly with the site.

This can create a lively gathering and highly accessible space along the intervention in order to dissolve the height limitation at the intervention. Also, it can provide available shortcuts as well as nice recreational area for people.

26

PROJECT 04 _ URBAN STRIPS

Site Analysis

Key Features

Designed Paths

Pleasant Walk

Residential Building

Prevailing Breeze

The design should be seamlessly blend into the site to form a welcome and pleasant walkable spaces for people

NTU Alumni Clubhouse

Good Ventilation Not only the open areas, the interior should be more open to outside to enhance air circulation within the building

Intervention Lush Vegetation

Existing Circulatory Paths Warm Greenery The lush vegetation on the site should be preserved to create a more natural and friendly social spaces across the building

Massing Strategy 1. Alternate

2. Deflect

3. Access

4. Connect

Deviated from existing pavement, alternate paths are designed for pedestrians to enjoy intimate relationship with greenery.

The designed paths are bent towards greenery to provide panoramic view towards greenery.

A ramp is formed in between the paths to make the roof paths more accessible to the interior.

The building is embedded into the slope to connect pedestrians from two ends.

27

Undulating Pathway The undulating pathway is a seamless design to existing slope, engaging people to walk atop of it while enjoying the view of nature.

Green Roof The green roof can maintain a harmonic relationship with lush vegetation on site, providing a more comfortable and pleasant walking experience for pedestrians.

Extensive Facade Meandering Corridor The fluid design allows pedestrians can enjoy smooth and continuous walk in the building

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The extensive facade allows the people can enjoy the panoramic view towards the nature. Meanwhile, transparent facade allows natural light can spill into the interior spaces.

PROJECT 04 _ URBAN STRIPS

29

Legend: Multi-purpose Hall Library Lecture Hall Retail Restaurant Toilet

30

0

5

10

20 m

PROJECT 04 _ URBAN STRIPS

Perspective view of model (from top to bottom): Walkable roof Building interior

31

05

PANDANG CONNECTION BETWEEN URBAN AND NATURE

In this project, our task is to reimagine the spaces in National Gallery Singapore.

Since 2015, National Gallery Singapore has become a notable landmark in Singapore. However, due to less exciting transitional spaces, the beauty of the gallery is always underappreciated by visitors.

Hence, aiming to enhance visitors’ experience while wandering in gallery, my idea is to arouse the curiosity of visitors through blurring of spaces across the gallery.

This can engage people to spontaneously drawn to ever changing spatial perspective. Meanwhile, it allows people to explore an unknown world and exercise their imagination while appreciating arts and spaces of the National Gallery Singapore.

32

PROJECT 05 _ PANDANG

Intervention in National Gallery Singapore This revitalise project involve the indoor and outdoor spaces of National Gallery Singapore. The design mainly employs light as well as transparent materials, such as glass and steel bar. This can redefine the spatial perspective through evolving scenes while moving. By breaking down the space into multiple scenes, it encourages people to scrutinize the arts and spaces with different perspectives.

Sky Deck Lounge

The Cube Pavilion

Basement Lounge

CafĂŠ

Level 1 Lounge

National Gallery Singapore

Memorial Statue

Padang

33

Pandang The chosen site is padang, a vast field in front of National Gallery Singapore has a great potential that can be transformed into a vibrant site in the heart of the city. Meanwhile, it can function as a grand activity platform for people.

Hence, my concept for this particular site is “pandang”, which can be translated as staring in Malay. Along with this idea, a tunnel that cuts across the field can be implemented.

This design allows the clarity of field can be protected through unblemished and unobstructed panaromic view of field towards the gallery as well as the memorial statue.

0

25

50

100m

The tunnel is divided into two parts, such as indoor and outdoor areas. The space above can be used as outdoor performance and recreational area. On the other hand, underground space, which is spilled by gentle daylight is an idea space for café as well as exhibition space.

0

25 34

50

100

PROJECT 05 _ PANDANG

Entrance from the National Gallery Singapore

Entrance from the memorial monument The entrances are seamlessly connected to the atrium of National Gallery Singapore as well as the memorial monument, which enhance vistors’ walking experience. Meanwhile, this helps to protect the solemnity and grandeur of the national heritages.

+4 m

0m

-5 m

0m 35

36

PROJECT 05 _ PANDANG

Physical Models: Aerial view without roof (left) Interior perspective view (right)

37

06

THE ARTS HOUSE AN IDEA INCUBATOR FOR ARTISTS

This unit is dedicated for passionate artists, which the design was inspired by unique phenomenon along the Bras Basah Road and rich arts history of Bras Basah.

The idea is to create an exposed and tiered space within the unit, letting artists to gain inspiration, exhange ideas and create art pieces. Along with this idea, people will be immersed in the dynamic space to exercise their creativity and nurture their senses of art.

To achieve this goal, spaces can be arranged in a more playful way, injecting endless energy to cultivate artists of younger generation.

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PROJECT 0x _ x

3

2

4 5

1

6

6

1

7 8 9

11 12

1. Bedroom 2. Bathroom 3. Master Bedroom 4. Laundry Room 5. Living Room 6. Guest Room 7. Bathroom 8. Kitchen 9. Art Studio 10. Art Studio 11. Store Room 12. Gallery

10

12

PUBLIC SPACE SEMI PRIVATE SPACE PRIVATE SPACE

39

B

D

D’

C

C’

Bottom Level /1:50

B’

BOTTOM FLOOR PLAN

+ 5.95 m

+ 5.95 m

+ 2.70 m

+ 2.70 m

.

SECTION AA’ + 0.00 m

SECTION CC’

SECTION BB’

40

+ 5.95 m

+ 5.95 m

+ 2.70 m

+ 2.70 m

+ 0.00 m

+ 0.00 m

SECTION DD’

PROJECT 0x _ x

A

B

D

D’

C

C’

Top Level/1:50

A’

B’

TOP FLOOR PLAN

41

07

THE CRACKS THE REINVENTED OFFICE SKYSCRAPER

During the past few decades when skyscrapers and of fice buildings were invented, the spaces for of fice workers are perpetually dull, monotonous and highly compressive, reducing the space experienced by of fice workers and resulting in reduced quality of work. There is not much interaction between of fice workers which would potentially increase both quality and productivity of the of fice workers.

With this project, contemporary of fice space has been reinvented, creating dif ferent interesting spaces for chance encounters and most importantly, a space to promote bondedness, communication and inspiration.

This project aims to create an of fice building that is both iconic to the Singapore skyline and a new way of working for the creative industries. This creation would highly increase productivity and quality of work and reinvents the typical of fice skyscraper into a skyscraper that embraces communication, interaction and hosts a close knitted of fice community.

42

PROJECT 06 _ THE CRACKS

SITE AFFORDANCES SURROUNDING BUILDING FABRIC Monolithic building with standard curtain wall facade that is not very porous and lack interaction between the working spaces and the exterior.

A monolithic building that has a porous facade, with interaction between the interior and the exterior.

This project aims to create an of fice building that is both iconic to the Singapore skyline and a new way of working for the creative industries.

Our target audience includes architecture firms, graphic design companies and small design start ups. We hope to liberate the designers from the usual oppressive working environment and instead, introduce a more porous and collaborative working environment.

Another dif ference between our building and its neighbours is how both the users and the pedestrians can have visual connections. With the link bridges interspersing dif ferently on each floor, opportunities are created for the of fice users to look out to the spectacular view at all times. This is dif ferent from normal workplaces where users are othen unaware of their surroundings.

FINAL MASSING STRATEGIES

executive office

retail & FnB

office

retail & FnB retail

Regular monolithic skyscaper

Breaking down of the volume according to the programs

Programmatic arrangement

Filtering the green spaces into building

43

PUBLIC LIFT

EXECUTIVE LIFT

1

44

OFFICE

GREEN

22

6

1

EXECUTIVE

45

SHOPPING OFFICE GREEN

20 CIRCULATION

45

21

21 20 19

19

6

PROJECT 06 _ THE CRACKS

Perforated Aluminum Cover

Double Glazed Glass Double skin facade that allows for open space for interaction with the open air. It also provides a form of thermal insulation

Low-E Glass

Milled Acrylic Double skin facade that provide a form of thermal insulation and also emanated an ephemeral effect at night with the lights.

From left to right: Structure and circulation Faรงade and programs Faรงade details Faรงade elevation details 45

From top to bottom: Interior view of void space Interior view of sky garden Interior view from level 14 atrium upwards 46

PROJECT 06 _ THE CRACKS

From left to right: Perspective view of 1:25 detailed model Elevation view of 1:500 model 47

08

URBAN KAMPONG SUSTAINABLE CITY DESIGN

In the past, kampongs in Singapore encouraged social interaction and communal bonding. Open outdoor spaces in and around the house encouraged the daily interaction of neighbours on a daily basis. This unplanned form of architecture allowed for an idyllic and relaxing way of life, and created a carefree atmosphere that is rare in present day Singapore.

We wanted to bring this kampong spirit back through a new kind of vertical vernacular, allowing us to rediscover our heritage and community ties. This will be achieved by placing emphasis on outdoor living, walkability, and sustainability without compromising the comfort of residents.

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PP U L L A P A R T B L O C K S ULL APART BLOCKS | HUAT AH | Project 2 - Design of a Sustainable Urban Centre |

PROJECT 07 _ URBAN KAMPONG

Height Variations:

CFD CFD analysis analysis

CFD Analysis

CKS Iteration 4a (7 daylight hours)

From the CFD analysis, we found tha iteration the best results, Top row: plan view CFD of wind from NNE and S direction, bottom row: section view CFD of wind produced from NNE and S direction wind speeds of 3 - 3.5 m/s achieved the areas close to the ground plane.

Simulation Analysis (7 daylight hours) From the CFD analysis, we found that this iteration produced promising results, with high wind speeds of 3 - 3.5 m/s achieved for most of the areas close to the ground plane.

nability | Spring 2016 | roject 2 - Design of a Sustainable Urban Centre |

G H T V ATop R row: I A Tplan I Oview N CFD S of wind from NNE and S direction, bottom row: section view CF

at island analysis

Urban Heat Island Analysis

ve humidity m row: section view CFD of Rela� wind from (RH%) NNE: 0and S direction Rela�ve humidity (RH%) :70 Windspeed (m/s): 0

Rela�ve humidity (RH%) :70 Windspeed (m/s): 2

Windspeed (m/s): 1

Rela�ve humidity (RH%) :70 Windspeed (m/s): 3

Iteration 4b (8 daylight hours)

������on 1

Wall to surface area (m2): 67158

For this iteration, as the analysis dive Temperature theofsimulation of and wind from improved 1.4octhe NNE Top row: plan view CFD of wind from NNE and S direction, bottom row: section view CFD wind from NNE S by direction we were unable to collect a full set o Nevertheless, from the CFD analysis the south, it seems that there is mor Temperature improved by 0.9 c of the wind by the buildings compar 4a.

Temp Average ( c): 23.5(min), 38.4(max), 31(avg) Temp Average (oc): 23.5(min), 38.4(max), 31(avg)

������on 2

Wall to surface area (m2): 70078.5

o

o

������on 3

Wall to surface area (m2): 83241.2

Similar Temp Average (oc): 18.3(min), 42(max), 30.2(avg)

m row: section view CFD of wind from NNE and S direction ������on 4

Wall to surface area (m2): 81684.1 Temp Average (oc): 23.5(min), 38.5(max), 31(avg)

Temp Average (oc): 18.5(min), 43.1(max), 30.8(avg)

Temp Average (oc): 18(min), 42(max), 30(avg)

Temp Average (oc): 17.7(min), 41.5(max), 29.6(avg)

Top row: plan view CFD of wind from NNE and S direction, bottom row: section view CF

0%

25%

50%

75%

100% 49

Pull Apart Blocks

| Urban Sustainability | Spring 2016 | | HUAT AH | Project 2 - Design of a Sustainable Urban Centre |

PULL APART BLOCKS

Daylighting Analysis

daylighting analysis Iteration 4a

Iteration 4b

Iteration 4c

Iteration 4d

BCDA (envelope) - 49.5%

BCDA (envelope) - 42.0%

BCDA (envelope) - 42.8%

BCDA (envelope) - 42.0%

As the purpose of cutting the blocks and pulling apart the massing was to try to allow more daylighting to enter the central areas of the development, we ran additional daylighting simulations in order to find the best way to cut the massings. Iteration 4a thus stood out here, with a BCDA of 49.5%, the next closest being iteration 4c at 42.8%. Interestingly, the other As resulted the purpose ofBCDA cutting blocksiteration and pulling apart the massing was to try to allow more daylighting to enter iterations actually in a lower fromthe the original 4.

the central areas of the development, we ran additional daylighting simulations in order to find the best way to cut the massings. Iteration 4a thus stood out here, with a BCDA of 49.5%, the next closest being iteration 4c at 42.8%.

Interestingly, the other iterations actually resulted in a lower BCDA from the original iteration 4.

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| Urban Sustainability | Spring 2016 | | HUAT AH | Project 2 - Design of a Sustainable Urban Centre |

PULL APART BLOCKS solar irradiation analysis Iteration 4a

Iteration 4b

Solar Irradiation Analysis Iteration 4c

Iteration 4d

The solar irradiation analysis reveals that the cuts we made are very well shaded, which implies that they could be used for the residents of the buildings for outdoor activities as well.

Furthermore, the void decks are also well shaded, along with the ground spaces in between the buildings. This proves that the green spaces in our development are well shaded and suitable for use for outdoor activities relatively comfortably.

The solar irradiation analysis reveals that the cuts we made are very well shaded, which implies that they could be used for the residents of the buildings for outdoor activities as well. Furthermore, the void decks are also well shaded, along with the ground spaces in between the buildings. This proves that the green spaces in our development are well shaded and suitable for use for outdoor activities relatively comfortably.

For this round of analysis, the four iterations are all quite similar, so there is not much information to rank or differentiate them with.

For this round of analysis, the four iterations are all quite similar, so there is not much information to rank or differentiate them with.

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50

6| Sustainable Urban Centre |

PROJECT 07 _ URBAN KAMPONG

ESIGN

Final Design

Hydrocotyle verticillata (Whorled Pennywort)

It can remove a large range of toxic heavy metals. It is also widely used as a landscaping plant and can provide a seamless transition between the water plants and the taller plants around the pond.

Lemnar minor (Lesser Duckweed)

These types of plants have the ability to absorb sulphates and nitrates, effectively removing nitrogen, phosphorus, iron and copper from the water. This is a tremendous plant in controlling algae. In tanks with problem algae, rather than decreasing lighting (which may harm the plants but not the algae) add floating plants to provide some shade. And duckweed is a fast grower well suited to | Urban Sustainability | Spring 2016 | this task; duckweed's rapid growth (and thus fast | HUAT AH | Project 2 - Design of a Sustainable Urban | usingCentre of nutrients plus light) will help.

FINAL DESIGN

Mentha aquatica (Water Mint)

This plant absorbs nickel, chromium and cadmium. Currently, the area around the pond has a marsh/bog like smell, resulting in fewer visitors. The minty scent of the plant attracts butterflies and brings the environment a pleasant fragrance. This plant has tiny densely crowded pink to lilac flowers and will provide some variety of colour to the boundary of the pond.

Nymphaeaceae (Water Lily)

Water lilies do several things to improve the quality of lakes and ponds. Providing shade, shelter and cooler water for fish or invertebrates they also filter or detoxify the water.

They grow rapidly just like many other aquatic plants especially when there is an excess of nutrients in the pond water. Water lily control is necessary as they can completely cover the surface in just a few short weeks reducing light penetration resulting in the decline of fish, invertebrates and aquatic plants.

Chrysopogon zizanioides (Vetiver Grass) This plant removes lead, arsenic, zinc and copper. As it has deep and extensive roots, it is effective in controlling soil erosion on the banks of ponds that are muddy and swampy during and after rainfall. Being a densely tufted perennial grass, it can provide cover and protection at the banks.

section - city

From the second round of iterations, we felt that iteration 4c was the best, based on the daylighting and CFD analysis. This iteration has massings cut based on the solar fan for 7 hours of daylighting, so we can expect that the development will be well lit from the late morning till early evening. Thus, we chose iteration 4c as our final design.

Legend: Residential Commercial/ Community/ Education Office

From the second round of iterations, we felt that iteration 4c was the best, based on the daylighting and CFDon, analysis.

This iteration has massings based on Moving the development is planned as showncut in the the solar fan for 7 hours of daylighting, so are we placed can expect thatwhile the development section, with amenities centrally, slightly will be well lit from the late morning till early evening.

Thus, we iteration offset to the west. As can be seen in the section,chose the void as ourtowards final design. spaces of the pulled apart massings also 4c converge the central areas in each of the denser high-rise plots.

Moving on, the development is planned as shown in the section, with amenities are placed centrally, while slightly offset to the west. As can be seen in the section, the void spaces of the pulled apart massings also converge towards the central areas in each of the denser high-rise plots.

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09

SPATIAL JOINT THREE DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURAL JOINT

This exercise requires us to explore dif ferent possible three dimensional shell structure joint designs, which is one of most common manner to connect the knot together in a parametric structure.

Along with the design exploration, dif ferent joining mechanisms such as notch, planar, ring, clip and lock have been attempted to test their ef fects on the joint in terms of vertical and lateral forces applied. By combining the aforementioned joining mechanisms, we able to design a joining system which can be connected in three dimensional way.

Final design will be based on the design on joining mechanism on the right as it results in the least slip directions. Hence, it is the most secured one. Problem of horizontal plates slipping can be solved by supporting the plates at 4 points.

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PROJECT 08 _ SPATIAL JOINT

DESIGN EXPLORATION

A. NOTCH Notch requires additional element to prevent piece from slipping out in 1 direction.

B. PLANAR Planar would require additional element to prevent rotation. Also, it would require additional element to prevent piece from slipping out in 2 directions.

C. RING Hole must be equal to element being bounded.

Between, it would require additional element to prevent piece from slipping out in 1 direction.

D. CLIP Clip gap should be smaller than or equal to element being clipped factor in flexibility of material. Also, inaccurate clip width would cause slipping in 2 directions.

E. LOCK Lock would require additional element to prevent piece from slipping out in 1 direction.

Red arrows indicate direction of which joint segment will slip out or experience torque.

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Joining Mechanism Design: Notch + Lock + Clip STEP 1

Lock (Opposite Directions)

STEP 2

Fins

STEP 3

Slip-in (Left)

STEP 4

Slip-in (Right)

Clips

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PROJECT 08 _ SPATIAL JOINT

Clockwise from top left: Plan Perspective Elevation Detailed view of joint

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10

PAVILION DIGITAL FORM FINDING STRUCTURE

The introduction of digital modeling and optimization sof tware have enabled architects and engineers to design complex geometries more ef ficiently and ef fectively. One of the basic systems commonly used is to solve structural models is the particle-spring system.

This system works on a basis of particles which has a position, velocity, mass and a resultant vector of all forces acting on it. These particles are connected via a “spring�, such that they would neither be too close or too far apart.

This is particularly useful in dealing with tension and compressive forces.

Particle-spring systems usually do not work alone. Rather, they are combined with other forces at work in produce stable structures. For example, timber grid shells are supported mainly by the bend forces, and ideally are able to stand without need for much internal support.

For our project, we aimed to combine the particle-spring system with gravity and bend forces so as to possibly recreate a similarity to the precedents shown on the lef t.

Also, we aimed to achieve gradation with the possible variations of heights, angles and grid patterns.

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PROJECT 09 _ PAVILION

EXPLANATION FOR C# // A. Set Domain

s.SetDomain(0, new Interval(0.0, 1.0)); s.SetDomain(1, new Interval(0.0, 1.0)); double dx = 1.0 / (double) (rx - 1); double dy = 1.0 / (double) (ry - 1);

// D. Creating Polylines for Bend Component

List<Polyline> poly = new List<Polyline>(); List<Polyline> poly2 = new List<Polyline>(); for (i = 0; i < nodes.Count - 1; i++){ if(i % rx == 0){ List<Point3d> polyptlist = new List<Point3d>(); // B. Creating Nodes and Laths for(j = 0; j < rx; j++){ polyptlist.Add(nodes[i + j]); List<Point3d> nodes = new List<Point3d>(); } List<Line> laths = new List<Line>(); int i, j; poly.Add(new Polyline(polyptlist)); for(j = 0; j < ry; j++){ } for(i = 0; i < rx; i++){ if(i < rx){ nodes.Add(s.PointAt(dx * i, dy * j)); List<Point3d> polyptlist = new List<Point3d>(); for(j = 0; j < ry; j++){ if(j != 0){ laths.Add(new Line(s.PointAt(dx * i, dy * j), s.PointAt(dx * i, dy * (j - 1)))); polyptlist.Add(nodes[i + j * rx]); } } if(i != 0 ){ poly2.Add(new Polyline(polyptlist)); laths.Add(new Line(s.PointAt(dx * i, dy * j), s.PointAt(dx * (i - 1), dy * j))); } } } } // E. Output } A = nodes; B = laths; // C. Creating Anchor Points C = anchorpts; List<Point3d> anchorpts = new List<Point3d>(); D = poly; for(i = 0; i < nodes.Count; i++){ E = poly2; if(i < rx * 2 || i > nodes.Count - 2 * rx - 1){ anchorpts.Add(nodes[i]); } }

A. SET DOMAIN The surface is divided into rx intervals in the x-direction and ry intervals in the y-direction. These intervals are spaced dx and dy apart.

B. CREATING NODES AND LATHS At intervals of dx and dy on the surface, points are added to the list nodes. When j != 0, lines of length dx drawn horizontally backwards are added to the list laths. Similarly, when i != 0, lines of length dy drawn vertically downwards are also added to the list laths.

C. CREATING ANCHOR POINTS The anchor points are chosen as the first two and last two columns. The corners of the first and last column are touching the ground, while the rest of the columns is fixed so as to prevent unnecessary movement.

C. CREATING ANCHOR POINTS The second and second last columns are fixed for the bending effect in Kangaroo (step 3). This is to provide the initial angles for the bend force and thus create the desired curvature of the final geometry.

D. Creating Polylines for Bend Component The polylines are created across the entire surface in the x-direction (poly) and y-direction (poly2), touching all the nodes in the row or column.

E. OUTPUT The output are as such: A = list of nodes <Point3d> B = list of laths <Line> C = list of anchor points <Point3d> D = list of polylines in x-direction <Polyline> E = list of polylines in y-direction <Polyline> 57

11

ARCHED CHAIR SELF STABLE CHAIR DESIGN

The main objective of this exercise is conducting structural analysis of a chair by using Karamba, which is a plug-in for Grasshopper.

In this variation, we designed a continuous surface throughout the entire base of the chair. Also, the top shell is connected to the bottom one in a full continuous surface.

Meanwhile, the surface is folded inwards and backwards.

Due to the folding of the surface and shape of the curvature, the level of force flow is focused on the area where the top half is supported by the bottom half. The forces are also evenly spread out throughout the chair structure.

The stress point on the structure are at the points where the base is in contact with the ground. Due to the curvature of the surface and sharp edges created with the folding along the surface, it results in unstable edges in the base points.

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PROJECT 10 _ ARCHED CHAIR

Utilization of Material

Deformation (scale:1)

Deformation (scale:100)

The deformation analysis shows that the overall chair structure is relatively strong. With the scale of 100, the chair only deforms to a slight extent.

Meanwhile, the utilization of material is fluctuated around 0. 2% to 35. 3% . On a closer analysis, this is due to the very weak base points in the front of the chair that is in contact with the ground, due to the sharp folding of the material at that point. Hence, the base point should be thicker to better support and stabilize the structure.

Compression Analysis Diagram

Tension Analysis Diagram

Force Flow Lines Analysis Diagram 59

SKETCHES

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DRAWINGS

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME

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