U The Caribbean Health Digest - Issue 49

JAN - MAR 2024 ISSUE 49

Navigating theFuture.

How AI is Reshaping Healthcare?

FUNCTION FITNESS LEARN THE PRINCIPLES BEHIND THIS HOLISTIC APPROACH TO TRAINING FOR OVERALL WELL-BEING. BEYOND OPIOIDS ADDRESSING THE OPIOID EPIDEMIC WITH ALTERNATIVES TO PAIN MANAGEMENT. EXPRESSIVE ART THERAPY BUILDING HEALTHIER ENVIRONMENTS ONE VACCINE AT A TIME.

Founders

Editor-in-Chief

Amira Chenelle Mungal

Medical Advisory

Dr. Richard Lutchman

Writers

Amira Chenelle Mungal Alyssa Subero Amanda Harris Brandon Pereira Christopher Ryde Dr. Ashley Sosa Dr. Jenai Gosine Dr. Richard Lutchman Sherine Mungal

Creative Director

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This information is of a general nature only and is not intended as a substitute for professional health advice and no person should act in reliance on any statement contained in the information provided and at all times should obtain specific advice from a health professional. Eidetic Publishing has made reasonable efforts to ensure that the health information contained herein is accurate and up to date. To the extent permitted by law, Eidetic Publishing, their employees, agents and advertisers accept no liability

(even if negligent) for any injury, loss or damage caused by reliance on any part of this information. U also contains information supplied by third parties. This information is identified with the name of the source and has been chosen for publication because we believe it to be reliable. To the extent permitted by law, Eidetic Publishing, their employees, agents and advertisers accept no liability (even if negligent) for any injury, loss or damage caused by reliance on any part of this information.

U The Caribbean Health Digest is published 4 times a year by Eidetic Publishing, Highway Plaza, Level 2, West Wing, LP #80 Calcutta Settlement Road No. 1, Freeport, Trinidad & Tobago. Distribution is handled by Eidetic Limited.

Entire contents are copyright. Reproduction in part or whole is prohibited. Eidetic Publishing is in no way affiliated with companies or products covered in U. Produced and printed in Trinidad & Tobago.

Dear Friends, Oooh, the smell of ink on paper hot off the press, how we have missed U. It has been five years since we had our last print run, and boy, are we excited to be able to hold U in our hands again and flip through the pages of this remarkable publication, uncompromised in both quality and content.

Welcome, dear readers, to our special edition of U. This issue will find its way into the hands of the thousands of visitors joining us at the comeback installment of our U Health and Wellness Exposition 2024.

This engaging national event takes place in Trinidad. It is meticulously crafted to unite local health and wellness leaders, healthy life and lifestyle solution providers, product companies, health food retailers, public and private healthcare institutions, and educational establishments.

Much like our publication, its inception was driven by educating and empowering individuals by fostering awareness of various health challenges and showcasing effective solutions. This issue is special to us for many reasons, but like every other, we continue to bring our unique perspective on topics we know will interest and enlighten our readers.

We are delighted to persist in our commitment to enhancing the health and wellness landscape and steadfast in our dedication to education that creates healthier and happier communities.

Cheers to your health!

SHERINE & STUART

FOUNDERS

Dearest Readers, We are back with another big issue and even bigger news!

The U Health and Wellness Expo is officially back! It’s the three days of the year where we open the doors for the public to interact with health industry experts to make a groundbreaking impact on health education in the Caribbean. We could not be more enthused.

As we unveil yet another exciting issue of U, we want to take a moment to express our heartfelt gratitude to each and every one of you who contributed to the success of this endeavor. To our advertisers, thank you for believing in the power of our platform; to our readers, thank you for being the heartbeat of this publication and; to our amazing team – your dedication and passion are the driving forces behind the magic that unfolds in each issue.

Our feature story this month is all about the superhero of healthcare – Artificial Intelligence! Brace yourselves for a wild ride into the future of medicine, where AI is taking center stage, making health solutions smarter and more personalized than ever. And, you might want to grab your workout gear and dust off that blender because our team of expert writers curated a treasure of tips that is practically your golden ticket to better health.

Our purpose continues to be your trusted source of reputable health and wellness information. In this issue and the next we look forward to remaining a reliable companion on your path to a healthier and more vibrant life.

Happy reading!

Till next time, AMIRA CHENELLE MUNGAL

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

10 Mindful Breathing: Pathway to Calm Explore the transformative power of mindful breathing as a gateway to tranquility. Learn techniques to cultivate mindfulness and integrate calming breathwork into your daily routine.

12 Navigating The Future: How AI is Reshaping Healthcare In our feature story, uncover the groundbreaking role of Artificial Intelligence in reshaping the healthcare landscape. Delve into its impact on diagnostics, personalized medicine, and the future of patient care.

28 Sapodilla Making a comeback from Issue 1, the sweet and nutritious Sapodilla. Our founder boasts its health benefits, unique flavor profile, and creative ways to incorporate this exotic fruit into your culinary repertoire.

30 Expressive Art Therapy Our editor-in-chef enlightens on the healing power of art. Learn how creative expression can be a therapeutic outlet for emotional well-being and self-discovery.

32 Beyond Opioids 18 Function Fitness Dive into the world of functional fitness and discover exercises that translate to real-life strength and agility.

Learn the principles behind this holistic approach to training for overall well-being.

22 Unveiling the Connection: Sleep and Chronic Illness This article takes you into the intricate relationship between sleep and chronic illness. Understand the crucial role of quality sleep in managing and preventing various health conditions.

26 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Gain insights into Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) – its causes, symptoms, and effective management strategies. Empower yourself with knowledge for a proactive approach to respiratory health.

Navigate the evolving landscape of pain management beyond traditional opioids. Discover innovative approaches, therapies, and holistic practices for a comprehensive and personalized pain management strategy.

38 Community Immunity This article evaluates the concept of community immunity and the role of vaccinations in safeguarding public health. Together we grasp the importance of collective efforts in building resilience against infectious diseases.

SPIRITUALITY

| BREATHWORK

A Pathway to Calm 10 | u

WRITTEN BY AMANDA HARRIS

BREATHWORK

| SPIRITUALITY

In the hustle and bustle of our daily lives, finding moments of

Scientific research has also delved into the cognitive and

peace and tranquility can seem like an elusive dream. The

psychological benefits of mindful breathing. Studies suggest that

demands of work, family, and social commitments often leave us

regular practice can enhance attention, concentration, and

feeling stressed and overwhelmed. In the quest for a calmer, more

cognitive flexibility. By training the mind to focus on the present

centered existence, many turn to mindfulness practices, with

moment, individuals may experience improved clarity of

mindful breathing emerging as a powerful and accessible tool.

thought and a greater capacity to navigate complex situations.

Mindful breathing, rooted in ancient contemplative traditions such

Incorporating mindful breathing into daily life doesn't require a

as Buddhism, has gained widespread popularity in recent years as

significant time investment. Whether standing in a queue, sitting

a secular practice for stress reduction and mental well-being. At its

at a desk, or lying in bed, taking a few moments to focus on the breath

core, it involves paying deliberate attention to the breath, fostering

can yield substantial benefits. Short, regular sessions are often

a heightened awareness of the present moment. This simple yet

more manageable and sustainable than longer, sporadic ones.

profound technique can be practiced anywhere, making it a

The beauty of mindful breathing lies in its simplicity – it's a practice

versatile antidote to the chaos of modern life.

that can be seamlessly woven into the fabric of our routines.

The breath, often taken for granted in our daily routines,

Here is a step-by-step guide on how to practice mindful breathing:

becomes a focal point in mindful breathing. The rhythmic

1. Find a quiet space.

inhales and exhales serve as an anchor, grounding practitioners

2. Assume a comfortable posture.

in the here and now. As attention is directed to the breath, the

3. Close your eyes or soften your gaze.

mind gradually disentangles from the web of racing thoughts

4. Bring attention to your breath.

and worries, creating a space for inner calm to emerge.

5. Focus on the present moment.

6. Use a mantra or counting.

One of the key benefits of mindful breathing is its ability to

7. Start with short sessions.

activate the body's relaxation response. When stress triggers the

8. Be patient and consistent.

fight-or-flight response, the sympathetic nervous system goes into overdrive, releasing cortisol and adrenaline. Mindful breathing

The journey of mindful breathing is a personal one, and each

acts as a counterbalance, engaging the parasympathetic nervous

practitioner may find unique insights along the way. Some may

system and promoting a state of rest and digest. This physiological

uncover a renewed sense of purpose, while others may notice a

shift not only reduces stress levels but also contributes to improved

subtle but profound shift in perspective. The beauty of this

overall well-being.

practice lies in its adaptability – it can be tailored to suit individual preferences and needs.

Moreover, mindful breathing extends beyond stress reduction; it fosters a deeper connection between the mind and body. As

In a world filled with distractions, mindful breathing beckons as

individuals become attuned to their breath, they develop a

a sanctuary of stillness. It reminds us that amidst the chaos,

heightened awareness of bodily sensations and emotions. This

there is always an opportunity to reconnect with ourselves. As

increased self-awareness lays the foundation for emotional

we cultivate the art of mindful breathing, we pave a pathway to

regulation, empowering individuals to respond to challenges

calm that is always accessible, inviting us to savor the richness

with greater resilience and equanimity.

of each breath and embrace the serenity that resides within.

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FEATURE

| AI IN HEALTHCARE

Navigating the Future.

How AI is Reshaping Healthcare

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WRITTEN BY AMIRA CHENELLE M.

AI IN HEALTHCARE

| FEATURE

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is no longer a futuristic concept confined to science fiction; it is a present-day reality that is reshaping industries around the globe. Nowhere is its impact more profound than in healthcare, where AI is emerging as a powerful tool in revolutionizing patient care, diagnostics, and administrative processes. Here, we dive into the ways AI is transforming the healthcare landscape and explore the challenges and promises it brings.

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FEATURE

| AI IN HEALTHCARE

WHAT IS AI?

AI refers to the development of computer systems that can perform tasks typically requiring human intelligence. These tasks include learning, reasoning, problem-solving, understanding natural language, perception (through sensors and interpretation of visual or auditory data), and interaction. The goal of AI is to create machines or systems that can emulate and augment human intelligence, enabling them to adapt, learn from experience, and execute tasks autonomously.

There are two main types of AI: Narrow AI and General AI 1. Narrow AI: This type of AI is designed and trained for a specific task or set of tasks. Narrow AI systems excel in performing these predefined functions but lack the broad cognitive abilities associated with human intelligence. Examples include virtual personal assistants (like Siri or Alexa), image recognition software, and recommendation systems.

2. General AI: General AI refers to a hypothetical form of AI that possesses the ability to understand, learn, and apply knowledge across a wide range of tasks, similar to human intelligence. It would have the capability to perform any intellectual task that a human being can do. As of now, General AI only exists in science fiction and remains a theoretical concept.

The development of AI relies on various subfields and techniques, some of which include: Machine Learning (ML) A subset of AI, machine learning involves training algorithms on data to enable systems to improve their performance on a specific task over time. It includes supervised learning (where models are trained on labeled data) and unsupervised learning (where models learn patterns and relationships from unlabeled data).

Natural Language Processing (NLP) NLP focuses on enabling machines to understand, interpret, and generate human language. It plays a crucial role in applications such as language translation, sentiment analysis, and chatbots.

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Computer Vision This field involves enabling machines to interpret and understand visual information from the world, such as images and videos. Computer vision is used in facial recognition, object detection, and autonomous vehicles.

Neural Networks Inspired by the structure and function of the human brain, neural networks are computational models composed of interconnected nodes (artificial neurons). Deep learning, a subset of machine learning, often involves the use of deep neural networks with multiple layers.

AI applications span a wide range of industries and domains, including healthcare, finance, education, transportation, and entertainment.

AI AND HEALTHCARE In the healthcare arena, AI is playing the role of a game-changer. It's not just a buzzword but a pragmatic tool reshaping the way we approach patient care. AI's knack for quick and accurate diagnostics is like having a super-savvy medical assistant. It doesn't just stop there; it crunches through tons of data to tailor treatment plans for individuals, making healthcare less of a one-size-fits-all scenario. On the back-end, AI is streamlining the administrative mess, making tasks like billing and record-keeping less of a headache for healthcare providers. In short, it's not just about flashy tech – AI is quietly but significantly improving the nuts and bolts of healthcare, making it more efficient and patient-focused.

Here’s how: • Enhanced Diagnostics and Imaging One of the most significant contributions of AI in healthcare lies in its ability to enhance diagnostics and imaging. Traditional diagnostic processes often rely on the keen eyes of healthcare professionals to interpret complex medical images. However, AI introduces change by augmenting human capabilities.

Machine learning algorithms can analyze massive datasets, including images from X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs, with unparalleled speed and accuracy.

This translates to faster and more precise identification of anomalies, enabling healthcare professionals to make timely and accurate diagnoses.

In the realm of cancer detection, for instance, AI algorithms are proving to be instrumental in identifying subtle patterns and markers that might escape the human eye, leading to early detection and improved treatment outcomes.

• Predicative Analytics for Personalized Medicine The era of one-size-fits-all medicine is giving way to personalized and targeted treatment plans, thanks to the predictive capabilities of AI. By assimilating patient history, genetic information, and lifestyle factors, AI algorithms can generate insights that guide healthcare professionals in tailoring treatment plans specific to each patient.

This shift towards personalized medicine holds the promise of more effective treatments and fewer

AI IN HEALTHCARE

adverse effects. Patients can benefit from therapies that are finely tuned to their genetic makeup and individual health profiles. AI's ability to predict potential health risks enables proactive interventions, contributing to disease prevention and better management of chronic conditions.

• Administrative Efficiency and Cost Reduction Beyond clinical applications, AI is streamlining administrative processes within healthcare institutions, leading to improved operational efficiency and cost reduction. Automated systems powered by AI are revolutionizing tasks such as appointment scheduling, billing processes, and management of Electronic Health Records (EHRs).

Automated appointment scheduling systems ensure optimal utilization of healthcare professionals' time and minimize wait times for patients. Billing processes become more accurate and efficient, reducing the likelihood of errors, and facilitating quicker reimbursement. EHRs, when managed by AI systems, not only ensure the secure storage of patient data but also streamline its accessibility, promoting seamless collaboration among healthcare providers.

The result is a reduction in operational costs and an optimized allocation of resources. Healthcare institutions can redirect their focus and resources toward patient care, research, and innovation, ultimately improving the overall quality of healthcare services.

• Remote Patient Monitoring and Telehealth The ongoing evolution of telehealth and remote patient monitoring is another frontier where AI is making significant strides. Wearable devices and sensors, enhanced by AI, enable continuous monitoring of patients' vital signs and real-time data transmission to healthcare providers. This transformation in remote patient monitoring facilitates early intervention and improved management of chronic conditions.

Telehealth platforms, powered by AI, have become increasingly prevalent, providing patients with the opportunity to consult healthcare professionals from the comfort of their homes. This not only increases accessibility to healthcare services but also reduces the burden on traditional healthcare infrastructure, especially in underserved or remote areas.

• Drug Discovery and Development The traditional drug discovery and development process is notoriously time-consuming and expensive. AI is poised to disrupt this paradigm by accelerating the identification of potential drug candidates. Machine learning algorithms can

| FEATURE

analyze vast datasets to predict how different compounds interact with biological systems, expediting the drug development process.

AI-driven drug discovery not only speeds up the timeline for bringing new treatments to market but also has the potential to uncover novel therapeutic approaches. By identifying patterns and relationships in biological data, AI can contribute to the discovery of innovative treatments and target-specific drugs, addressing unmet medical needs.

CONSIDERATIONS OF AI IN HEALTHCARE While the integration of AI in healthcare holds immense promise, it comes with a set of challenges and considerations that need careful attention. Ensuring the security and privacy of patient data is a paramount concern. The sensitivity of healthcare information makes it a target for cyber threats, requiring robust cybersecurity measures to safeguard patient confidentiality.

Ethical considerations surrounding the use of AI in healthcare also demand thoughtful exploration. Questions about the responsible use of AI, transparency in algorithms, and the potential for bias in machine learning models are critical aspects that the healthcare industry must address to build trust among patients and practitioners.

Moreover, navigating regulatory frameworks and compliance standards is a complex task. The introduction of AI into healthcare brings a need for updated regulations that ensure the responsible and ethical use of these technologies. Striking a balance between innovation and regulation is crucial for fostering a supportive environment for the continued development and implementation of AI in healthcare.

The human factor cannot be overlooked either. The successful integration of AI in healthcare relies on the acceptance and collaboration of healthcare professionals. Training programs and initiatives are necessary to equip healthcare professionals with the skills and knowledge needed to work alongside AI systems effectively.

The future of healthcare is being shaped by the convergence of human expertise and artificial intelligence. As we harness the power of AI to enhance patient care, improve outcomes, and drive innovation, we are witnessing a paradigm shift that promises a healthier and more efficient healthcare ecosystem for all. Navigating this future requires a commitment to ethical practices, ongoing research, and a collaborative effort to ensure that AI continues to be a force for positive change in healthcare.

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FITNESS

| REAL LI FE S TR E NGTH

TRAINING FOR REAL LIFE STRENGTH

WRITTEN BY CHRISTOPHER RYDE

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Let’s face it; we live in a world where fitness trends come and go. Across time, one concept stands out for its practicality and effectiveness – function fitness. Unlike conventional workout routines that often focus on isolated muscle groups or aesthetic goals, function fitness emphasizes training for real-life strength and functionality.

This approach not only enhances physical performance but also equips individuals with the strength and agility needed for the demands of everyday life.

R E A L LI F E ST RE N GT H

THE ESSENCE OF FUNCTION FITNESS

| FITNESS

4. Injury Prevention - Traditional training methods may

Function Fitness, also known as functional training, revolves

lead to muscle imbalances, increasing the risk of injury.

around exercises that mimic and improve movements

Function Fitness, with its emphasis on balanced

used in daily activities. The goal is to enhance overall

muscle development and joint stability, acts as a

strength, stability, flexibility, and coordination, promoting

preventive measure against common injuries, both in

a well-rounded and adaptable physical condition.

and out of the gym.

• Full-Body Engagement

GETTING STARTED WITH FUNCTION FITNESS

Traditional gym workouts might isolate specific

Assess your Movements

muscle groups, but Function Fitness thrives on

Before diving into Function Fitness, assess your daily

engaging multiple muscle groups simultaneously.

movements and identify areas that may need improvement.

Exercises like squats, deadlifts, and lunges promote a holistic approach, ensuring that the entire body works in harmony.

• Movement Patterns Matter Instead of fixating on isolated muscle exercises, Function Fitness emphasizes movement patterns.

These include pushing, pulling, squatting, bending, twisting, and walking—actions that form the foundation of our daily activities. By training these movement patterns, individuals develop a more versatile and practical form of strength.

BENEFITS BEYOND THE GYM 1. Improved Daily Function - The primary advantage of Function Fitness is its direct application to daily life.

Whether lifting groceries, playing with children, or carrying heavy objects, individuals trained in functional movements find these tasks more manageable and less prone to injury.

2. Enhanced Joint Mobility - Functional exercises often incorporate a range of motion that improves joint

This self-awareness will guide your training focus.

Incorporate Functional Exercises Integrate functional exercises into your routine. Squats, lunges, kettlebell swings, and medicine ball throws are excellent examples. Start with bodyweight exercises and gradually progress to added resistance.

Emphasize Form over Intensity Pay close attention to proper form. Function Fitness is about quality movements rather than sheer intensity.

Ensuring correct form reduces the risk of injury and maximizes the effectiveness of each exercise.

Make it Enjoyable Function Fitness doesn't have to be monotonous.

Incorporate activities you enjoy, such as hiking, swimming, or playing sports. The more enjoyable the workout, the more likely you are to stay consistent.

THE BOTTOM LINE Function Fitness transcends the limitations of traditional

flexibility and mobility. This not only contributes to

workout routines, offering a holistic approach to strength

better performance in workouts but also helps prevent

and conditioning. By focusing on movements essential to

stiffness and discomfort in everyday activities.

daily life, individuals not only achieve physical fitness but

3. Core Strength as a Foundation - A strong core is

also equip themselves with the practical strength needed

crucial for stability and balance. Function Fitness

to navigate the challenges of the real world. As we

recognizes the core as more than just abdominal

embrace Function Fitness, we unlock a new dimension of

muscles; it includes the entire torso. Exercises that

well-being—one that extends far beyond the confines of

engage the core, such as planks and rotational

the gym and enriches our daily existence with strength,

movements, build a solid foundation for real-life strength.

vitality, and resilience.

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SLEEP

| CHRO NIC I L L NE SS

Unveiling the Connection: Sleep and Chronic Illness WRITTEN BY DR. ASHLEY SOSA

IN CARIBBEAN LIFE, THE IMPORTANCE OF GOOD HEALTH CANNOT BE OVERSTATED. AS WE NAVIGATE THE WARM SEAS, LUSH LANDSCAPES, AND VIBRANT CULTURES, THERE IS A CRUCIAL ASPECT OF WELL-BEING THAT OFTEN GOES UNNOTICED – SLEEP. BEYOND THE ALLURE OF OUR PARADISE ISLANDS, LIES A DEEP AND INTRICATE CONNECTION BETWEEN SLEEP AND CHRONIC ILLNESS THAT WARRANTS EXPLORATION. IN THIS ARTICLE, WE UNRAVEL THE THREADS THAT BIND SLEEP AND HEALTH, SHEDDING LIGHT ON THE IMPACT OF OUR NIGHTLY REST ON THE PREVALENCE AND MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC CONDITIONS.

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THE SLEEP-CHRONIC ILLNESS NEXUS: Sleep is not merely a period of rest; it is a fundamental pillar of our overall health. In recent years, scientific research has uncovered a complex connection between sleep and chronic illnesses prevalent in the Caribbean, such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. The sleep-chronic illness nexus reveals a bidirectional relationship where one influences the other in the dynamic form of cause and effect.

C H R O N I C I LLN E SS

Let’s break it into categories of the most prevalent chronic illnesses in the Caribbean: • UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT ON DIABETES Diabetes, a significant health concern in the Caribbean, is intricately linked to sleep patterns. Poor sleep quality and insufficient sleep duration have been associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Sleep deprivation disrupts the body's ability to regulate glucose levels, leading to insulin resistance and heightened blood sugar levels.

• THE HYPERTENSION CONNECTION Hypertension, often referred to as the "silent killer," finds an ally in poor sleep habits. Studies have shown that inadequate sleep can contribute to elevated blood pressure, a primary risk factor for hypertension. The delicate balance of hormones responsible for blood pressure regulation is disrupted when sleep is compromised.

• CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES AND SLEEP DEPRIVATION Studies demonstrate that sleep deprivation, a common consequence of our bustling social scenes and late-night festivities, has been linked to an increased risk of heart diseases.

• THE IMMUNE SYSTEM'S GUARDIAN Sleep, it turns out, is a powerful tool in fortifying our body's defenses. Chronic sleep deprivation weakens the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections and illnesses.

| SLEEP

Armed with the knowledge of the connection between sleep and chronic illness, there is no doubt that we should take proactive steps to improve our sleep hygiene.

Here are some tips: 1. Establish a Consistent Sleep Schedule: Going to bed and waking up at the same time every day helps regulate the body's internal clock.

2. Create a Restful Environment: Ensure your bedroom is conducive to sleep by keeping it dark, quiet, and cool. Invest in a comfortable mattress and pillows.

3. Limit Screen Time Before Bed: The blue light emitted by electronic devices can interfere with the production of the sleep hormone melatonin. Aim to turn off screens at least an hour before bedtime.

4. Mindful Eating: Be mindful of what and when you eat, especially in the evening. Avoid heavy meals close to bedtime, and consider incorporating sleep-promoting foods into your diet.

5. Regular Physical Activity: Engage in regular exercise, but try to complete it a few hours before bedtime to allow your body to wind down.

The connection between sleep and chronic illness unveils an opportunity for individuals and communities to prioritize well-being. By understanding and embracing the role of quality sleep in preventing and managing chronic conditions, we can foster a healthier and more resilient Caribbean population, enjoying the beauty of our islands for generations to come.

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V E GA N B UD D H A B OW L

| RECIPE

Vegan Buddha Bowl RECIPE BY STAFF WRITER

This Vegan Buddha Bowl is a nourishing and wholesome dish that combines a variety of plant-based ingredients for a satisfying and nutritious meal. Packed with protein from roasted chickpeas, fiber-rich grains like quinoa, and an array of colorful vegetables, the bowl is not only visually appealing but also a delicious way to enjoy a cruelty-free culinary experience.

Ingredients:

Instructions: 1. PREPARE THE BASE: Cook quinoa or brown rice according to package instructions.

2. ROAST CHICKPEAS: Preheat the oven to 400°F (200°C). Toss chickpeas with olive oil, smoked paprika, salt, and pepper. Roast for 20-25 minutes until crispy.

3. SAUTÉ VEGETABLES: In a pan, sauté mixed vegetables with olive oil, garlic powder, salt, and pepper until tender but still crisp.

4. MASSAGE GREENS: In a bowl, massage chopped kale or spinach with lemon juice and a pinch of salt.

5. PREPARE DRESSING: Whisk together tahini, soy sauce, maple syrup, water, and sesame oil until well combined.

6. ASSEMBLE THE BUDDHA BOWL: Divide the cooked quinoa or brown rice among serving bowls. Arrange roasted chickpeas, sautéed vegetables, and massaged greens in sections.

7. DRIZZLE WITH DRESSING: Drizzle the tahini dressing over the bowl.

8. ADD TOPPINGS (Optional): Garnish with avocado slices, sesame seeds, and microgreens.

9. ENJOY: Mix everything and enjoy your delicious Vegan Buddha Bowl!

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BASE: 2 cups cooked quinoa or brown rice PROTEIN: 1 cup chickpeas (canned or cooked) 1 tablespoon olive oil 1 teaspoon smoked paprika Salt and pepper to taste VEGETABLES: 2 cups mixed vegetables (broccoli, carrots, bell peppers, cherry tomatoes, etc.)

1 tablespoon olive oil 1 teaspoon garlic powder Salt and pepper to taste GREENS: 2 cups kale or spinach, chopped 1 tablespoon lemon juice Salt to taste DRESSING: 3 tablespoons tahini 2 tablespoons soy sauce 1 tablespoon maple syrup 1 tablespoon water 1 teaspoon sesame oil TOPPINGS (optional): Avocado slices Sesame seeds Microgreens

ORGANS

| THE LUNGS

CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE The Silent Breath Threat

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WRITTEN BY DR. JENAI GOSINE

THE LUNGS

Do everyday tasks like unpacking groceries or climbing stairs leave you breathless?

This article delves into the world of COPD to help you assess your risk. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory condition causing obstructed airflow from the lungs, often stemming from chronic emphysema and bronchitis, two prevalent and harmful lung conditions.

certain

individuals

at

risk

despite

their

| ORGANS

nation's

development. While alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, a genetic disorder, can lead to COPD without smoking, it's rare and responsible for only a few cases. Globally, 328 million people suffer from COPD, ranking it as the third leading cause of death, sixth in the U.S.

Symptoms of COPD COPD symptoms often surface after significant lung damage, worsening over time, especially with continued toxic fume exposure. Symptoms include wheezing, shortness of breath during activities, chronic cough,

What are Emphysema and Bronchitis?

frequent respiratory infections, and fatigue. COPD sufferers

Emphysema is a type of chronic lung disease

are prone to exacerbations, where symptoms worsen.

characterized by the gradual destruction of air sacs in the lungs, leading to breathlessness. Often associated

Managing COPD

with long-term cigarette smoking, emphysema results

While there is no cure for COPD, effective management

in reduced lung elasticity and impaired airflow. The

strategies can enhance the quality of life for those

damaged air sacs, known as alveoli, make it difficult for

affected. Quitting smoking is paramount, as it halts the

the lungs to efficiently exchange oxygen and carbon

progression of the disease and improves respiratory

dioxide. While there is no cure for emphysema,

function. Avoiding exposure to pollutants, both at home

management

and in the workplace, is crucial. Medications, including

involves

symptom

relief

through

medications, lifestyle changes, and, in severe cases,

bronchodilators

and

anti-inflammatory

drugs,

help

supplemental oxygen.

alleviate symptoms and enhance lung function.

Bronchitis is an inflammatory condition affecting the

Preventing COPD involves a multifaceted approach,

airways (bronchi) in the lungs. It can be either acute or

emphasizing lifestyle modifications, early detection, and

chronic. Acute bronchitis is often caused by viral

prompt intervention. Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and

infections and is characterized by coughing, mucus

avoiding environmental pollutants contribute to maintaining

production, and chest discomfort. Chronic bronchitis,

respiratory health. As research continues, advancements in

typically associated with long-term exposure to irritants

treatment options offer hope for those living with COPD.

like cigarette smoke, involves persistent inflammation of

Supportive therapies, pulmonary rehabilitation programs,

the bronchi, leading to a chronic cough with mucus.

and breakthrough medications aim to empower individuals

Management includes relieving symptoms through

to lead fulfilling lives despite the challenges posed by this

medications, quitting smoking, and avoiding irritants.

chronic respiratory condition.

Causes of COPD

In raising awareness about COPD, we take a collective

In the U.S. and other developed nations, tobacco

step towards early detection, effective management, and

smoking is the primary COPD cause, affecting nearly 16

improved quality of life for those navigating the web of

million Americans. Conversely, in developing nations,

this silent breathing threat. If you feel that you are at risk,

continuous exposure to toxic fumes from burning fuel,

do not hesitate to reach out to your local healthcare

poor ventilation, and air pollution contributes to COPD.

provider for care.

Lifestyle, career, and genetics also play roles, putting 27 | u

FLASHBACK

| FEATUR ING ISS U E 1 ’S S A P ODIL L A

brown skin oh, how i love my

SMALL AND SWEET

Got a craving for caramel, ice cream, cotton candy?

Satisfy your sweet tooth with a healthy choice; indulge your taste buds with what the Chinese call the fruit of life...

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sapodilla!

F E AT UR I N G I SSUE 1’ S SA P O D I LLA

| FLASHBACK

YOU PROBABLY THINK I'M A BIT CRAZY COMPARING A FRUIT THAT LOOKS LIKE A ROTTEN POTATO WITH THE OH-SO-HEAVENLY TASTE OF WELL LOVED SUGARY SNACKS. BUT, PLEASE DON'T LET APPEARANCES FOOL YOU, FOR HIDDEN WITHIN THAT UNASSUMING SKIN LIES A SWEETNESS UNIMAGINABLE. Want to know the best part? The addictive sweet fruit won't fatten you. In fact, the health benefits are out of this world!

I'm serious. sapodillas are a natural source of energy and an outstanding source of fibre, phosphorus and vitamin C. There's more; sapodillas are also rich in protein and iron whilst being low in sodium, cholesterol and saturated fat. These little, sugary fruits are exactly right if you're on a diet, with 100 calories in every 100 grams. Sapodillas are what I would call nature's candy, they're just so good for you!

Ever wondered where they came from? Well, the sapodilla trees are native to Yucatan, northern Belize, north eastern Guatemala and areas of southern Mexico. From these areas it was introduced into the Philippines during the Spanish colonization, and throughout tropical America as well as southern parts of Florida and the West Indies.

Fruits all over the world have different names and the sapodilla is no exception. In the Bahamas it's called 'Sugardilly"; jump to Brazil and it's known as "Sapoti"; skip to Costa Rica where they call them "Korob"; and leap to India where you ask for "Sapota" or "Chikoo".

As you globe-trot you'll find more names- "Ciku" (Malaysia), "Chicle" (Mexico), "Rata-mi" (Sri Lanka), "Sawu" (Indonesia), “Tsiko" (Philippines) and Zapote" (Cuba).

India is now one of the main producers of sapodillas. They are also grown for commercial purposes in Guatemala, Malaysia, Mexico, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Venezuela and other Central American countries.

When ripe you'll be able to slice open the fruit to reveal a center with the same grainy texture as a ripe pear and ranging in colour from a pale yellow to a caramel brown. The flesh is soft enough to scoop out with a spoon: all you need to avoid are the shiny black seeds (which range from about two to ten).

They may look like potatoes, but sapodillas are not reaped from the earth. The sapodilla tree yields fruit twice a year, though flowering may continue year round. The fruit has a high latex content and does ripen until picked.

The tree itself is a sight to look at, the leaves are glossy dark green and if the sapodilla glowed in the dark, Mother Earth would have her very own Christmas tree.

The bark releases a white substance called "chicle", which is used to make chewing gum! So, if sweetness trickles from the tough bark of the sapodilla tree, can you imagine the delight that is within the fruit itself? Good- bye chocolate! If it were up to me I would name the sapodilla as one of the wonders of the world, for not only is it a healthy choice, it's also used for medicinal purposes.

Because of the tannin content, young fruits are boiled and the decoction can be taken to stop diarrhea. Some even drink an infusion of the young fruits and the flowers to relieve pulmonary complaints.

The list of wonders continues: a decoction of old, yellowed sapodilla leaves is drunk as a remedy for coughs, cold and diarrhea. A "tea" of the bark is regarded as febrifuge and is said to halt diarrhea and dysentery. The crushed seeds have a diuretic action and are claimed to expel bladder and kidney stones. Also, a fluid extract of the crushed seeds is employed in Yucatan as a sedative and soporific. A combined decoction of sapodilla and chayote leaves is sweetened and taken to lower blood pressure.

A paste of the seeds is applied on stings and bites from venomous animals and the latex is used in the tropics as a crude remedy for tooth cavities. Essentially, every single part of the sapodilla, from the tree which bears it to its little black seeds, serves a beneficial purpose.

It's well known that an apple a day keeps the doctor away, but why look to foreign shores to make a healthy choice when you can go for the sweetness of the sapodilla?

It's so good, thank God it's not sinful! g

Sapodillas are low in saturated fat, sodium and contain no cholesterol and no sugar. They are very high in dietary fiber and very high in Vitamin C. NUTRITION FACTS Serving Size 1 sapodilla (170g). Calories 141. Calories from Fat 17 Total Fat 1.9g (3%). Saturated Fat 0.3g (2%). Polyunsaturated Fat 0g Monounsaturated Fat 0.9g. Cholesterol 0mg (0%) Sodium 20.4mg (1%). Potassium 328.1mg (9%] Total Carbohydrate 33.9g (11%). Dietary Fiber 9g (3%) Protein 0.7g (1%). Vitamin A 2% . Vitamin C 42% Calcium 4% . Iron 8%

PSYCHOLOGY

| ART THERAPY

N THE REALM OF HOLISTIC HEALTH AND WELL-BEING, WHERE WORDS OFTEN FALL SHORT, THE CANVAS BECOMES A SILENT YET POWERFUL COMMUNICATOR. EXPRESSIVE ART THERAPY, A DYNAMIC AND INNOVATIVE APPROACH, IS MAKING WAVES IN THE WORLD OF MENTAL HEALTH AND SELF-DISCOVERY. IN THIS ARTICLE, WE EXPLORE THE PROFOUND IMPACT OF EXPRESSIVE ART THERAPY ON EMOTIONAL HEALING, SELF-EXPRESSION, AND OVERALL MENTAL WELLNESS. 30 | u

I

ART THERAPY

| PSYCHOLOGY

HEALING THROUGH CREATION Expressive Art Therapy serves as a conduit for emotional healing. The process of creating art enables individuals to externalize and process complex emotions, leading to a sense of catharsis and relief. It provides a tangible representation of one's inner landscape, making the intangible aspects of mental health visible and navigable.

For those grappling with trauma, the artistic process can be a transformative journey towards reclaiming personal narratives and rebuilding a sense of empowerment. The act of creating something tangible from pain or confusion can be a profoundly empowering experience.

WRITTEN BY AMIRA CHENELLE M.

THE ESSENCE OF EXPRESSIVE ART THERAPY Expressive Art Therapy is a therapeutic modality that harnesses the creative process to explore and articulate emotions, thoughts, and experiences. Unlike traditional talk therapies, this approach transcends verbal communication, offering a diverse range of artistic mediums as vehicles for self-expression. From painting and drawing to sculpture and dance, the possibilities are as varied as the human imagination.

BREAKING BARRIERS One of the unique aspects of Expressive Art Therapy is its ability to break down communication barriers. For individuals who find it challenging to articulate their feelings verbally, art becomes a non-threatening medium through which emotions can be expressed. This is particularly beneficial for those dealing with trauma, anxiety, depression, or other mental health issues.

Through the act of creation, individuals can tap into their subconscious, bringing forth emotions and memories that may be difficult to access through traditional forms of therapy. Art becomes a bridge, connecting the inner world to the outer, fostering self-awareness and insight.

COMMUNITY AND CONNECTION Expressive Art Therapy is not confined to individual sessions; it thrives in group settings as well. Group sessions create a sense of community and shared experience, fostering connection and understanding among participants. The act of creating art together can break down social barriers, providing a platform for individuals to relate to each other on a deeper, more authentic level.

INCORPORATING EXPRESSIVE ART THERAPY INTO MENTAL HEALTH CARE The growing recognition of the therapeutic benefits of Expressive Art Therapy has led to its integration into mainstream mental health care. Trained therapists utilize this modality in various settings, including hospitals, clinics, schools, and community centers. As a complementary approach, Expressive Art Therapy enhances traditional therapeutic methods, offering an additional avenue for emotional expression and healing and is particularly effective in treating conditions such as PTSD, anxiety disorders, and mood disorders.

Expressive Art Therapy stands at the intersection of creativity and healing, inviting individuals to embark on a journey of self-discovery and emotional expression.

Beyond the strokes of a paintbrush or the sculpting of clay, it provides a pathway to understanding, acceptance, and empowerment. In embracing the transformative power of artistic expression, we unlock the potential for healing that resides within each of us.

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THE THERAPEUTIC PROCESS In an Expressive Art Therapy session, the focus is on the creative process rather than the end product. Participants are encouraged to engage in the act of creation without judgment, allowing the subconscious to guide the artistic journey. Therapists skilled in this modality provide a supportive environment, offering prompts or themes to explore through art. The choice of medium is entirely individual, catering to the unique preferences and comfort levels of each participant. Whether it's painting, drawing, sculpting, or movement, the goal is to facilitate a cathartic release and encourage self-reflection.

SELF-DISCOVERY AND EMPOWERMENT Art has an innate ability to unveil aspects of ourselves that may remain hidden in everyday life. Through Expressive Art Therapy, individuals embark on a journey of self-discovery, gaining insights into their emotions, fears, and strengths. The therapeutic process encourages mindfulness, inviting participants to stay present with their creative expressions. Moreover, as individuals witness the tangible outcomes of their artistic endeavors, a sense of accomplishment and empowerment emerges. This newfound confidence often extends beyond the studio, positively impacting other areas of life.

OPIOID EPIDEMIC

| ALTERNATIVES TO PAIN MANAGEMENT

Beyond Opioids: Emerging Approaches to Pain Management

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WRITTEN BY BRANDON PEREIRA

THE OPIOID EPIDEMIC HAS CAST A LONG AND DARK SHADOW OVER THE HEALTHCARE LANDSCAPE, PROMPTING A CRITICAL REEVALUATION OF PAIN MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES. WITH THE RECOGNITION OF THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH LONG-TERM OPIOID USE, RESEARCHERS AND HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS ARE EXPLORING ALTERNATIVE AND EMERGING APPROACHES TO PAIN MANAGEMENT.

ALTERNATIVES TO PAIN MANAGEMENT

THE OPIOID EPIDEMIC The roots of the opioid epidemic can be traced back to the late 1990s when pharmaceutical companies reassured the medical community that prescription opioids were not addictive. This misinformation led to a significant increase in the prescription of opioids, contributing to a surge in opioid-related overdoses.

Drugs like oxycodone, hydrocodone, and morphine became widely prescribed for various pain conditions, ranging from post-surgical recovery to chronic pain management.

As prescription opioids flooded the market, unintended consequences began to unfold. Patients, initially prescribed opioids for legitimate medical reasons, found themselves grappling with dependency and addiction. The highly addictive nature of opioids, coupled with inadequate monitoring of prescription practices, created a breeding ground for misuse.

The opioid epidemic's impact is staggering, with both urban and rural communities feeling its devastating effects.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), thousands of people globally lose their lives everyday due to opioid overdose. The epidemic's consequences extend beyond mortality, causing a ripple effect through families, communities, and the healthcare system.

In response to the opioid epidemic, concerted efforts have been made to curb the crisis and support affected individuals. A shift in prescribing practices, emphasizing non-opioid alternatives for pain management, has gained traction. This shift represents a turning point in how we address pain, with focus on holistic and multidisciplinary approaches that prioritize patient well-being. In this article, we will explore some of the innovative and emerging strategies that offer promise in the field of pain management.

MIND-BODY INTERVENTIONS One avenue gaining significant attention is the integration of mind-body interventions into pain management protocols.

Practices such as mindfulness meditation, yoga, and cognitive-behavioral therapy have shown promising results in reducing pain intensity and improving overall quality of life for individuals dealing with chronic pain. These interventions not only address the physical aspects of pain but also target the emotional and psychological components, fostering a more comprehensive approach to pain management.

Mindfulness meditation, for example, teaches individuals to focus on the present moment without judgment, allowing them to develop a heightened awareness of their bodies and reactions to pain. Studies have demonstrated that regular mindfulness practice can lead to significant reductions in pain severity and an improved ability to cope with discomfort.

Techniques such as spinal cord stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation have shown efficacy in alleviating chronic pain conditions.

Spinal cord stimulation involves the implantation of a device that delivers electrical pulses to the spinal cord, disrupting pain signals before they reach the brain. This technique has been particularly successful in managing neuropathic pain and has the advantage of being reversible and adjustable.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation, on the other hand, targets specific areas of the brain associated with pain perception.

By using magnetic fields to modulate neural activity, this non-invasive approach has demonstrated effectiveness in reducing chronic pain symptoms.

PERSONALIZED MEDICINE Advancements in genetic research have paved the way for personalized medicine, tailoring treatment plans based on an individual's genetic makeup. This approach recognizes that people respond differently to pain and medication, and their unique genetic profiles can influence these responses.

By understanding the genetic factors that contribute to pain sensitivity and response to specific medications, healthcare providers can optimize pain management strategies. This personalized approach not only enhances the effectiveness of treatments but also minimizes the risk of adverse reactions and side effects.

MEDICAL CANNABIS The legalization of medical cannabis in many jurisdictions has opened up new possibilities for pain management.

Cannabinoids, the active compounds found in cannabis, have been shown to have analgesic properties without the addictive potential associated with opioids. Researchers are exploring the use of medical cannabis for conditions such as neuropathic pain, arthritis, and cancer-related pain.

One key advantage of medical cannabis is its ability to provide pain relief with fewer side effects compared to traditional pharmaceuticals. However, it's essential to conduct further research to determine the optimal dosage, delivery methods, and long-term effects of medical cannabis in pain management.

As the healthcare community battles with the opioid epidemic and seeks safer, more effective alternatives for pain management, the emergence of innovative approaches is providing promise for a brighter future. Mind-body interventions, medical cannabis, neuromodulation, and personalized medicine are just a few examples of the diverse strategies being explored. As research in these areas continues to evolve, the landscape of pain management is likely to be reshaped, offering renewed hope for those suffering from chronic pain.

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NEUROMODULATION Neuromodulation, a field that involves the use of electrical or magnetic stimulation to modulate nervous system activity, is gaining traction as a promising approach to pain management.

| OPIOID EPIDEMIC

ADVERTORIAL

| TRINIDAD & TOBAGO IVF & FERTILITY CENTRE

“

SHOULD I DO MY FERTILITY TREATMENT HERE IN T&T, OR SHOULD I GO ABROAD?

“

Patients struggling with infertility can find everything they need right here in T&T at the Trinidad & Tobago IVF & Fertility Centre. TTIVF is the first and only full-service fertility center in Trinidad and Tobago, with highly qualified doctors and fertility specialists on-site. The Centre provides all the fertility tests and treatments found in the US or UK and is accredited by TEMOS, which means it meets European accreditation standards, the strictest in the world.

Minto-Bain, why should a patient struggling with infertility choose to Q Dr. do IVF here at home in Trinidad and Tobago?

A From my perspective as a doctor and a fertility specialist, the number one

reason to stay at home for IVF is what doctors call continuity of care. With home-based IVF, your fertility doctors and nurses are at your side from start to finish, for your first tests, during treatment, and through to your pregnancy.

They’re with you for in-person consultations, monitoring, and follow-up appointments. That means they have a very deep understanding of your unique medical needs and can adjust your treatment in real-time, which, of course, lead to better outcomes. In fact, we go a step further with our excellent Early Pregnancy Clinic under the capable leadership of Dr. Brequelle Timothy, which means you can carry on having your care during pregnancy with the team you know and love.

When you go overseas for IVF, you’re traveling to do a specific procedure. You stay at the overseas clinic for two to three weeks; you actually return home before you know whether you’re even pregnant. This can be a problem because fertility treatment isn’t a quick or easy process; you may need unexpected tests before your IVF or extra treatments for minor complications, and certainly, you need specialist care and supervision for quite a while after the IVF procedure.

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Dr. Catherine Minto Bain MB ChB FRCOG. Fertility Specialist, Consultant Obstetrician & Gynaecologist, and Medical Director, Trinidad and Tobago IVF & Fertility Centre

Q You mentioned medical complications…

It’s not unusual for patients to experience medical complications at home A Yes. after treatment abroad. It can be dangerous, especially for difficult and potentially fatal complications like Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS), which can flare up after IVF. Patients who’ve been overseas for fertility treatment and have complications often come to us for help at our TT clinic, usually because they can’t see their overseas doctor in person.

TRINIDAD & TOBAGO IVF & FERTILITY CENTRE

Q Can you share an example? of my patients, Donna*, went to the US for IVF. That clinic used A One high doses of medication, and she over-responded, growing 32 eggs – a really dangerous level. Because she wanted to minimize costs and avoid flying back up again, the US clinic took the risk of going ahead with IVF. They transferred two embryos, which resulted in a twin pregnancy. Not a good outcome because multiple pregnancies can be dangerous for both mother and babies. When Donna was back in T&T, she developed OHSS, a painful and dangerous fertility treatment complication. Donna came to us, and we provided the specialist treatment she needed for the next four months. Thankfully, her babies were OK, but she had a very, very hard time.

Now, what if Donna had been a TTIVF patient from the start? First, we have strict protocols to help prevent OHSS. We are incredibly careful about growing and monitoring eggs. We would have seen the possibility of OHSS in Donna and frozen her embryos, which is much safer. Donna would then have had her embryo treatment a month or two later without OHSS problems.

| ADVERTORIAL

difference. Traveling for IVF treatment introduces potential stressors: The travel itself, the hassle of arranging accommodations, an unfamiliar environment, unfamiliar healthcare systems, and even language barriers.

All of this stress can have a negative impact on your emotional well-being, which can affect your chances of success.

Home-based IVF minimizes stress because you receive treatment in a setting where you feel comfortable and relaxed. There’s less disruption to your work and family life. You can maintain your daily routine and lean on your network of family and friends for support.

So, a highly trained, experienced fertility team and a sophisticated IVF lab, right here at home, where your family and friends are on hand to support you. Why travel?

Thank you, Dr. Minto-Bain!

about cost? It must be an important factor when you’re Q What choosing where to do IVF.

A Of course! But the idea that IVF abroad is cheaper is a misconception. You

need to factor in travel expenses and accommodation and remember that any complications may require additional trips. If your clinic is honest, then you’ll know that you may need more than one IVF cycle to conceive.

Your expenses quickly add up (assuming you can access foreign exchange to pay that overseas clinic!) In the end, most patients find IVF at home more cost-effective.

you found that some patients go abroad because they Q Have see better success rates?

But I would gently urge patients to be cautious in interpreting A Sometimes. success rates. Are you sure they’re credible? A good way to know whether success rates are reliable is to look at the fertility clinic’s accreditation. This is why we have voluntarily chosen European accreditation, which uses the strictest standards in the world. That way, you know TTIVF’s success rates are not just internationally comparable; they’ve been very stringently audited. A big red flag should be cases where clinics claim success rates higher than the industry norm.

There’s another reason we’ve chosen strict European accreditation: You absolutely cannot take risks with IVF and fertility; you’re talking about making human life! Our accreditation tells patients they’re getting top-quality treatment that’s been independently verified. having family and friends close by during IVF make Q Does a difference?

Fertility treatment has a significant effect on your mental A Absolutely! well-being, and having familiar faces at your side can make a huge

A Beautiful Baby for You & Your Partner to Love The TTIVF team achieved the first IVF baby in the English-speaking Caribbean in 1997 and we’ve been providing superb fertility services ever since. We’ve brought more than 2,700 babies into the world!

Services: Fertility Specialist Consultations • IVF • ICSI • IUI • Laparoscopic & Hysteroscopic surgery • Open Fertility Surgery • Egg-growing Treatment • Donor Eggs • Donor Sperm • Donor Embryos • Fertility Preservation for cancer patients (egg & sperm freezing) • Social egg freezing.

For your FREE Nurse’s Appointment, call (868) 622 8869 or visit trinidadivf.com. We’ll discuss your fertility problems and medical history, arrange the initial tests for you and your partner, and schedule your appointment with one of our fertility doctors.

Save the Date for the Fertility Experience of a Lifetime!

Conceiving Hope, the Fertility Event 2024 takes place on May 25, 2024 at the Trinidad Hilton. Visit our exhibits and fertility seminars and chat with our Fertility Doctors and Nurses!

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CONTACT TTIVF Tel (868) 622 8869/222 8341 Email info@trinidadivf.com Website www.trinidadivf.com Facebook Trinidad & Tobago IVF & Fertility Centre IG Trinidadfertility Tiktok Trinidadfertility

Q&A

| YOU HAVE QUESTIONS, WE HAVE ANSWERS

ASK U ANSWERED BY DR. RICHARD LUTCHMAN

Q What is the gut-brain connection?

A The gut-brain connection is a bidirectional communication system that involves complex interactions between the gut and the brain. It encompasses various pathways, including the nervous system, immune system, and the release of bioactive compounds, allowing constant communication between these two crucial parts of the body.

Q How does it impact mental health?

A A healthy gut microbiome positively impacts mental health by influencing mood, cognitive function, and emotional well-being. The microbiome produces neurotransmitters and bioactive compounds that affect brain function. It also modulates inflammation and immune responses, factors closely linked to mental health conditions such as anxiety and depression.

Q Can lifestyle choices affect the gut-brain connection?

A Absolutely. Lifestyle choices significantly impact the

gut-brain connection. Regular exercise, adequate sleep, and stress management contribute to a healthy microbiome and support positive mental health outcomes.

Q Are there specific foods that benefit the gut-brain connection?

A Yes, foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids (found in fatty fish,

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flaxseeds, and walnuts), polyphenols (abundant in berries, dark chocolate, and green tea), and antioxidants (found in colorful fruits and vegetables) are known to support a healthy gut microbiome and positively influence the gut-brain connection.

We always enjoy hearing from you!

Email your questions to register@uhealthdigest.com

AVO CA D O C H O C O LAT E M O USSE

| RECIPE

Avocado Chocolate Mousse RECIPE BY STAFF WRITER

This simple recipe provides a healthier alternative to traditional chocolate mousse by incorporating nutrient-rich avocados. It's a versatile dessert that caters to various dietary preferences and is sure to satisfy your sweet cravings with a guilt-free twist.

Servings: 5 Ingredients: 2 ripe avocados 1/4 cup unsweetened cocoa powder 1/4 cup maple syrup or agave nectar 1/4 cup almond milk (or any milk of your choice) 1 teaspoon vanilla extract A pinch of salt Optional toppings: whipped cream, shaved chocolate, or berries

Instructions:

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1. Prepare the Avocados: • Cut the avocados in half and remove the pits.

• Scoop out the avocado flesh and place it in a blender or food processor.

2. Blend Avocado: • Blend the avocado until it becomes smooth and creamy.

3. Add Cocoa Powder: • Add the unsweetened cocoa powder to the blended avocado.

4. Sweeten it Up: • Pour in the maple syrup or agave nectar for sweetness.

Adjust the quantity based on your preference.

5. Splash of Vanilla: • Add the vanilla extract to the mixture. This enhances the chocolate flavor.

6. Creamy Texture: • Pour in the almond milk (or your choice of milk).

Blend the mixture until it reaches a creamy and uniformed consistency.

7. Season with a Pinch of Salt: • Add a pinch of salt to enhance the overall flavor.

Don't overdo it; a little goes a long way.

8. Chill and Serve: • Refrigerate the chocolate mousse for at least 2 hours to let it set and enhance the flavors.

9. Serve with Toppings: • Once chilled, spoon the avocado chocolate mousse into serving glasses or bowls.

• Top it off with whipped cream, shaved chocolate, or fresh berries for an extra touch.

10. Enjoy: • Indulge in this rich and creamy avocado chocolate mousse. The combination of avocado's smooth texture and chocolatey goodness creates a delightful treat.

COMMUNITY

| PREVENTING THE SPREAD

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WRITTEN BY DR. RICHARD LUTCHMAN

PREVENTING THE SPREAD

R

| COMMUNITY

ecently, the term "community immunity" has gained

Natural Immunity and its Role

significance, particularly in the context of infectious

In addition to vaccination, natural immunity acquired through

diseases. Also known as herd immunity, this concept

previous infection contributes to community immunity.

refers to the indirect protection that occurs when a significant

Recovered individuals who have developed immunity after

proportion of a community becomes immune to a contagious

being infected act as barriers to the further transmission of

disease, either through vaccination or previous infection.

the disease. However, relying solely on natural immunity can

Community immunity acts as a collective shield, offering

be risky, as it often comes at the cost of severe illness,

protection to those who are vulnerable and preventing the

complications, and, in some cases, fatalities.

rapid spread of infectious agents. This article explores the importance, mechanisms, and challenges associated with

Challenges to Community Immunity

community immunity.

Despite the benefits of community immunity, achieving and maintaining high vaccination rates face several challenges.

Understanding Community Immunity

Vaccine hesitancy, fueled by misinformation and mistrust,

Community immunity functions as a safeguard for populations,

poses a significant threat. Addressing these concerns through

limiting the transmission of infectious diseases by reducing

education and open communication is essential to ensure

the number of susceptible individuals. This protection extends

widespread vaccine acceptance.

not only to those who are immune due to vaccination but also to individuals who have previously been infected and

Globalization and increased travel also contribute to the

developed natural immunity.

challenge. Infectious diseases can quickly cross borders, making it crucial for communities worldwide to work collaboratively to

The basic principle is that when a large portion of the

establish and maintain community immunity.

population is immune to a specific pathogen, the likelihood As a result, even those who are not immune or have weakened

The COVID-19 Pandemic and Community Immunity

immune systems are indirectly protected because the disease

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the

has fewer opportunities to spread through the population.

importance of community immunity on a global scale.

of that pathogen spreading within the community diminishes.

Efforts to vaccinate large segments of the population have

Vaccination as a Pillar of Community Immunity

been pivotal in curbing the spread of the virus, protecting

Vaccination plays a pivotal role in establishing and maintaining

vulnerable individuals, and preventing healthcare systems

community immunity. By introducing weakened or inactivated

from becoming overwhelmed.

forms of a pathogen or fragments of it, vaccines stimulate the immune system to produce an immune response without

Conclusion

causing the disease. When a sufficient number of people

Community immunity is a powerful tool in the fight against

within a community are vaccinated, the spread of the

infectious diseases, offering protection to individuals who

disease is significantly reduced, providing protection to the

may be more susceptible to severe outcomes. Vaccination

entire population.

campaigns, public health initiatives, and global collaboration are essential components of achieving and maintaining

Vaccine coverage thresholds, known as the herd immunity

community immunity. As we steer current and future

threshold, vary depending on the infectious agent. For highly

pandemics, understanding and prioritizing the collective

contagious diseases like measles, a vaccination coverage rate

well-being of our communities will be crucial in building

of around 95% is often necessary to achieve community immunity.

resilient and protected societies.

Achieving and maintaining these high vaccination rates are 39 | u

crucial to prevent outbreaks and protect vulnerable individuals.

10

things about

in

healthcare

WRITTEN BY STAFF WRITER

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been making significant strides in transforming various industries, and healthcare is no exception. Here are 10 transformative aspects of AI in healthcare that are reshaping the landscape of patient care, diagnostics, and research:

DISEASE PREDICTION AND PREVENTION: AI algorithms analyze vast amounts of patient data, including electronic health records, to identify patterns and predict the likelihood of diseases.

This allows healthcare professionals to intervene early, providing personalized preventive care and reducing the burden of chronic conditions.

6.

REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING: AI-driven devices and wearables enable continuous monitoring of patients in their homes.

These devices can track vital signs, detect anomalies, and alert healthcare professionals to potential issues, allowing for timely interventions and reducing the need for hospital admissions.

2.

DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING ADVANCEMENTS: AI has revolutionized diagnostic imaging, aiding in the interpretation of medical images such as X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans. Machine learning algorithms can detect abnormalities, assisting radiologists in making more accurate and timely diagnoses. This has the potential to improve patient outcomes by enabling early detection of diseases.

7.

NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING FOR DOCUMENTATION: AI-driven natural language processing streamlines the documentation process for healthcare professionals. Voice recognition and transcription tools enable faster and more accurate recording of patient information, reducing administrative burdens and improving overall efficiency.

3.

PERSONALIZED TREATMENT PLANS: AI facilitates the development of personalized treatment plans by analyzing genetic, clinical, and lifestyle data. This allows healthcare providers to tailor interventions to an individual's unique characteristics, enhancing treatment efficacy and minimizing adverse effects.

8.

FRAUD DETECTION AND CYBERSECURITY: AI is crucial in identifying and preventing healthcare fraud by analyzing vast datasets to detect irregularities and anomalies in billing and claims. Additionally, AI strengthens cybersecurity measures, safeguarding sensitive patient data from potential breaches and unauthorized access.

4.

DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT: AI accelerates the drug discovery process by analyzing biological data, identifying potential drug candidates, and predicting their efficacy.

This not only reduces the time and cost of bringing new drugs to market but also opens avenues for targeting diseases with greater precision.

9.

5.

VIRTUAL HEALTH ASSISTANTS AND CHATBOTS: Virtual health assistants powered by AI provide real-time assistance to patients, answering queries, scheduling appointments, and offering health-related information. Chatbots equipped with natural language processing capabilities enhance communication between patients and healthcare providers, improving accessibility and patient engagement.

PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS FOR HOSPITAL OPERATIONS: AI-driven predictive analytics optimize hospital operations by forecasting patient admission rates, resource utilization, and staff scheduling. This helps healthcare institutions manage resources more efficiently, reduce wait times, and enhance the overall patient experience.

10. CONTINUOUS LEARNING AND IMPROVEMENT: AI systems have the ability to continuously learn from new data and adapt to evolving medical knowledge. This ensures that healthcare practices stay up-to-date and evidence-based, fostering a culture of ongoing improvement and innovation in patient care.

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1.

THE NEXT U April to June 2024

THE PLACEBO EFFECT: MIND OVER MEDICINE EXPLORE THE CONTROVERSIAL REALM OF THE PLACEBO EFFECT, EXAMINING ITS IMPACT ON MEDICAL TREATMENTS, ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS, AND THE BLURRED LINES BETWEEN PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO PLACEBO INTERVENTIONS. The Dark Side of Fitness Addressing the topic of exercise addiction and its potential negative consequences on physical and mental health.

Nature’s Stress-Busters From teas and smoothies to savory dishes, learn how to curate your very own adaptogenic pantry.

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