Buckle Up! 6 Leerwerkboek

BUCKLE UP ! !

Britt Cools

Stijn Huysmans

Manuel Remmerie

Brent Schroeyens

Via www.diddit.be heb je toegang tot het onlineleerplatform bij BUCKLE UP! Activeer je account aan de hand van de onderstaande code en accepteer de gebruiksvoorwaarden. Kies je ervoor om je aan te melden met je Smartschool-account, zorg er dan zeker voor dat je e-mailadres aan dat account gekoppeld is. Zo kunnen we je optimaal ondersteunen.

BUCKLE UP ! !

©VANIN

LET OP: DEZE LICENTIE IS UNIEK, EENMALIG TE ACTIVEREN EN GELDIG

VOOR EEN PERIODE VAN 1 SCHOOLJAAR.

INDIEN JE DE LICENTIE NIET KUNT ACTIVEREN, NEEM DAN CONTACT OP MET ONZE KLANTENDIENST.

Fotokopieerapparaten zijn algemeen verspreid en vele mensen maken er haast onnadenkend gebruik van voor allerlei doeleinden. Jammer genoeg ontstaan boeken niet met hetzelfde gemak als kopieën. Boeken samenstellen kost veel inzet, tijd en geld. De vergoeding van de auteurs en van iedereen die bij het maken en verhandelen van boeken betrokken is, komt voort uit de verkoop van die boeken.

In België beschermt de auteurswet de rechten van deze mensen. Wanneer u van boeken of van gedeelten eruit zonder toestemming kopieën maakt, buiten de uitdrukkelijk bij wet bepaalde uitzonderingen, ontneemt u hen dus een stuk van die vergoeding. Daarom vragen auteurs en uitgevers u beschermde teksten niet zonder schriftelijke toestemming te kopiëren buiten de uitdrukkelijk bij wet bepaalde uitzonderingen. Verdere informatie over kopieerrechten en de wetgeving met betrekking tot reproductie vindt u op www.reprobel.be.

Ook voor het digitale lesmateriaal gelden deze voorwaarden. De licentie die toegang verleent tot dat materiaal is persoonlijk. Bij vermoeden van misbruik kan die gedeactiveerd worden. Meer informatie over de gebruiksvoorwaarden leest u op www.diddit.be.

© Uitgeverij VAN IN, Wommelgem, 2024

De uitgever heeft ernaar gestreefd de relevante auteursrechten te regelen volgens de wettelijke bepalingen. Wie desondanks meent zekere rechten te kunnen doen gelden, wordt verzocht zich tot de uitgever te wenden.

Fotocredits

p. 11 Marlon Brando The Godfather ©Usa-Pyon/Shutterstock.com, p. 11 Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone bookcover ©Zety Akhzar/ Shutterstock.com, p. 11 Murder on the Orient Express ©Sarunyu L/Shutterstock.com, p. 12 Crazy Rich Asians ©Faiz Zaki/Shutterstock.com, p. 12 Spider-Man No Way Home ©Sarunyu L/Shutterstock.com, p. 15 The Wind in the Willows bookcover ©marhus/Shutterstock.com, p. 15 Steve Jobs biography ©Alexiushan/Shutterstock.com, p. 15 Stack Agatha Christie novels ©Jelena990/Shutterstock.com, p. 16 filmset in Ghent ©ARTERRA/Belga, p. 17 poster Once Upon a Time in Hollywood ©Ovidiu Hrubaru/Shutterstock.com, p. 17 film Everything Everywhere All at Once ©Peace-loving/Shutterstock.com, p. 18 Barbie logo and trailer ©MardeFondos/Shutterstock.com, p. 21 Margot Robbie ©Loredana Sangiuliano/ Shutterstock.com, p. 28 Kendrick Lamar 2023 ©AFP-ARCHIVE/Belga, p. 30 protest young singers British Parliament ©ITS/Shutterstock.com, p. 30 Jon Batiste ©Ron Adar/Shutterstock.com, p. 31 Lennon wall Prague ©Vlasta Handlir/Shutterstock.com, p. 32 Bob Marley ©Irwan Prindy Hidayat/Shutterstock.com, p. 32 Bruce Springsteen ©yunuzdemirtas/Shutterstock.com, p. 34 Little Mermaid filmposter ©AGE FOTOSTOCK/Belga, p. 34 The Nun II filmposter ©AGE FOTOSTOCK/Belga, p. 34 Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix ©ALBUM ARCHIVO/Belga, p. 35 Oppenheimer movie ©UK Editorial Photographer/Shutterstock.com, p. 37 shoot historical film St.Petersburg ©Fedorovekb/Shutterstock.com, p. 37 cast Jurassic World Dominion ©CarlaVanWagoner/Shutterstock.com, p. 39 Gerard Butler ©DFree/Shutterstock.com, p. 39 Jacob Elordi ©DFree/Shutterstock. com, p. 42 Spotify logo on smartphone ©esthermm/Shutterstock.com, p. 43 Martin Luther King ©AFP-ARCHIVE/Belga, p. 44 protest mars George Floyd ©YES Market Media/Shutterstock.com, p. 51 cast Stranger Things ©CarlaVanWagoner/Shutterstock.com, p. 51 extras Dunkirk set ©fokke baarssen/Shutterstock.com, p. 51 Javier Bardem ©Fred Duval/Shutterstock.com, p. 51 Jessica Chastain ©lev radin/Shutterstock.com, p. 51 film director ©Daffa_Amrullah/Shutterstock.com, p. 66 Houston Control Center ©FiledIMAGE/Shutterstock.com, p. 67 stamp Laika animal astronaut ©Shan_shan/Shutterstock.com, p. 69 Alan Eustave skydiving record ©AFP-ARCHIVE/Belga, p. 73 Star Wars The Force Awakens ©PHOTO 12/ Belga, p. 75 Jedi Grogu portrait ©Willrow Hood/Shutterstock.com, p. 78 Tardis Doctor Who ©Claudio Caridi/Shutterstock.com, p. 84 Rocket MOMO2 launch Taiki ©AFP-ARCHIVE/Belga, p. 84 Star Wars LED display screen ©John Gomez/Shutterstock.com, p. 87 Apollo II monument Kennedy space center ©Alex Cimbal/Shutterstock.com, p. 89 Barack Obama speech ©ZB Photos/Shutterstock.com, p. 110 Skittles candy ©bestv/Shutterstock. com, p. 110 L’Oreal cosmetics ©monticello/Shutterstock.com, p. 110 Ebay logo on iPhone ©Burdun Iliya/Shutterstock.com, p. 110 Subway ©Prachana Thong-on/Shutterstock.com, p. 110 Red Bull ©Salub Bunja/Shutterstock.com, p. 110 Nike Jordan Retro High©artyaroslav/Shutterstock. com, p. 110 KFC restaurant logo ©Al.geba/Shutterstock.com, p. 110 McDonald’s Barcelona ©IB Photography/Shutterstock.com, p. 110 Coca Cola Truck ©Grand Warszawski/Shutterstock.com, p. 110 Apple store Chengdu ©ZorroGabriel/Shutterstock.com, p. 132 – p. 143 Boss billboard Paris ©HJBC/Shutterstock.com, p. 132 Netflix logo on TV screen ©MAXSHOT.PL/Shutterstock.com, p. 133 Super Bowl ad Las Vegas ©Audio und werbung/Shutterstock.com, p. 187 Bruno Mars ©s_bukley/Shutterstock.com, p. 187 Calvin Harris ©Fred Duval/Shutterstock.com, p. 187 Vin Diesel ©DFree/Shutterstock.com, p. 187 Lana Del Rey ©Kathy Hutchins/Shutterstock.com, p. 187 Miley Cirus ©DFree/Shutterstock.com, p. 205 Brad Pitt Cannes ©Isaaack/Shutterstock.com, p. 206 Demi Lovato Billboard Music Awards ©Tinseltown/Shutterstock.com, p. 206 The Weeknd Avatar Hollywood ©DFree/Shutterstock.com, p. 206 Lady Gaga Venice Film Festival ©Andrea Raffin/Shutterstock.com, p. 207 The Weeknd Avatar ©DFree/ Shutterstock.com, p. 207 Brad Pitt LA premiere ©Tinseltown/Shutterstock.com, p. 207 Demi Lovato Scream premiere ©lev radin/Shutterstock.com, p. 207 Lady Gaga UK Film Awards ©Fred Duval/Shutterstock.com, p. 216 Lotto Bulletins France ©Lena Constantin/Shutterstock.com, p. 216 Marie Kondo BAFTA ©DFree/Shutterstock.com

Tekstcredits

p. 13 Murder on the Orient Express © Agatha Christie, HarperCollins Publishers, p. 13 The Color Purple © 2019 by Alice Walker, Penguin Books, p. 13 The Godfather © Mario Puzo, Penguin Random House Canada, p. 14 Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone © 1997 by J.K. Rowling. Scholastic Inc.

Eerste druk 2024

Vormgeving en coverontwerp: B.AD ISBN 978-94-647-0457-0 Zetwerk binnenwerk en cover: D’hondt-Ravijts D/2024/0078/135 Tekeningen: Steven De Waele Art 605759/01

NUR 110

1 LET ME ENTERTAIN YOU

4 (CAT)FISHING IN THE SOCIAL MEDIA SEA

-

HOW TO use the adverbs ‘ever’ and ‘never’ with the present perfect simple tense?

TO ask questions with the present perfect simple tense?

- HOW TO use and where to place the adverbs ‘just, yet, still and already’?

- HOW TO spot the difference between the present perfect simple and the past simple?

HOW TO use the irregular verbs in the past simple?

SAY NO

3 JUST DO IT

STARTEN MET BUCKLE UP!

Welkom in Buckle Up! We leggen graag uit hoe je met dit boek aan de slag gaat.

1 Hoe zit een unit van Buckle Up! in elkaar?

Het leerwerkboek bestaat uit 5 units.

Elke unit begint met een overzicht. Dat is de weg die jij tijdens de unit aflegt om de leerstof te verwerken.

Je start met Once upon a time Daarin maak je kennis met het thema van de unit.

In Story time kom je hier meer over te weten. In dat deel leer je vooral luisteren en lezen. Zo krijg je de nieuwe leerstof aangebracht.

In Time to check yourself controleer je een eerste keer zonder te studeren hoe goed je de leerstof onder de knie hebt. Je geeft zelf aan wat goed gaat en waarop je nog moet oefenen.

In Time to practise oefen je de leerstof in op jouw niveau. Afhankelijk van je resultaat ga je die herhalen (Time to catch up) of verdiepen (Time to get ahead ).

Daarna is het aan jou: Your time!

Voor het eerst ga je de nieuwe leerstof gebruiken om zelf te vertellen en te schrijven.

In de Summary vind je een overzicht van de woordenschat, grammatica en veelgebruikte uitdrukkingen.

Op diddit vind je de pagina Time’s Up! Daarop kunnen jij en je leerkracht aangeven wat al lukt en waarop je nog moet oefenen. Zo weet jij waarop je extra moet letten bij het studeren.

2 Extra hulpmiddelen

In de loop van elke unit word je ondersteund door een aantal hulpmiddelen.

Bij het begin van elke unit vind je een lijst met woorden die regelmatig terugkeren in de oefeningen van de unit.

ask a question answer a question circle tick off highlight match complete

De gele kaders reiken strategieën aan. Je vindt alle strategieën die je nodig zou kunnen hebben op diddit

Blauwe woorden zijn nuttig en kun je beter onthouden.

Rode woorden verwijzen naar een grammaticaregel.

Grammaticale regels staan altijd in een grammaticakader, met een duidelijk voorbeeld erbij.

In de groene kaders vind je ‘useful expressions’ die je helpen bij functioneel schrijven of spreken.

Vaardigheden zijn een belangrijk onderdeel bij het leren van een nieuwe taal.

Daarom geven we bij oefeningen aan welke vaardigheid je oefent:

(listening) (watching) (reading) (writing) (speaking) (spoken interaction)

(written interaction)

Tijdens de unit krijg je regelmatig de kans om een check of checklist in te vullen. Daarin geef je voor jezelf en je leerkracht aan wat je al kunt en waarop je nog moet oefenen.

In elke unit duiken makkelijkere en moeilijkere oefeningen op.

Je herkent ze aan deze pictogrammen:

makkelijker moeilijker

Wanneer je ze in de Story time of Your time ziet, kun je kiezen welk type oefening je maakt.

Zo heb je je eigen leertraject mee in de hand!

Wanneer er moeilijke woorden voorkomen, worden die uitgelegd in de glossary

HOW TO?

Dankzij de QR-codes in het boek, bekijk je makkelijk de instructiefilmpjes die je helpen bij het oplossen van de oefeningen.

Als je dit pictogram ziet, betekent het dat je online extra werkbladen met oefeningen vindt.

Dit pictogram betekent dat je online digitale oefeningen op de leerstof vindt.

De volgende pictogrammen helpen je nog een eind op weg:

Het luisterfragment dat hierbij hoort, vind je ook bij het onlinelesmateriaal terug.

Het beeldfragment dat hierbij hoort, vind je ook bij het onlinelesmateriaal terug.

Als je dit pictogram ziet, moet je iets online opzoeken.

Zie je dit pictogram voor een oefening staan?

Dan kun je de leerstof terugvinden in de ontdekplaat.

BUCKLE UP! EN DIDDIT

Het onlineleerplatform bij BUCKLE UP!

Materiaal

Hier vind je het lesmateriaal en de online-oefeningen. Gebruik de filters bovenaan, de indeling aan de linkerkant of de zoekfunctie om snel je materiaal te vinden.

Lesmateriaal

Hier vind je het extra lesmateriaal bij Buckle Up!, zoals video’s, audio’s, pdf’s en ontdekplaten.

Oefeningen

• De leerstof kun je inoefenen op jouw niveau.

• Je kunt hier vrij oefenen.

Opdrachten

Hier vind je de opdrachten terug die de leerkracht voor jou heeft klaargezet.

Evalueren

Hier kan de leerkracht toetsen voor jou klaarzetten.

Resultaten

Wil je weten hoever je al staat met oefenen, opdrachten en evaluaties? Hier vind je een helder overzicht van je resultaten.

E-book

Het e-book is de digitale versie van het leerwerkboek. Je kunt erin noteren, aantekeningen maken, zelf materiaal toevoegen ...

Meer info over diddit vind je op www.vanin.diddit.be/nl/leerling.

WOORDTRAINER VAN IN

En waarom de woordenschat niet instuderen met de handige woordtrainerapp van Buckle Up! ?

UNIT 1: LET ME ENTERTAIN YOU!

Learning about films and books p.

Learning about the power of music p. 28

markeer de instructietaal in het hoofdstuk. wat betekenen de woorden? bespreek. highlight tick off look circle match complete describe fill in talk about ask (a question) answer (a question) read listen watch

ONCE UPON A TIME

1 What do you see in the picture?

2 Which words that are related to the picture do you already know?

3 Watch the video. What do you want to learn about in this unit?

1 Learning about films and books

1 Listen to the following film summaries.

2 Complete the following grids with the correct information.

Director

Producers Gray Frederickson, Albert S. Ruddy

Gray Frederickson, Albert S. Ruddy , Al Pacino

Leading actors , Al Pacino

Scr Mario Puzo

Screenplay Mario Puzo

Genre

Director

Chris Colombus

Writers , Steve Kloves

Producers Gray Frederickson, Albert S. Ruddy

Cast Daniel Radcliff,

Leading actors , Al Pacino

Screenplay

Genre

Mario Puzo

Director

Kenneth Branagh

Producers Gray Frederickson, Albert S. Ruddy

Based on the novel by Agatha Christie

Leading actors , Al Pacino

Screenplay Mario Puzo

Genre

Kenneth Branagh, Johnny Depp, Willem Dafoe crime,

Director

Jon M. Chu

Producers Gray Frederickson, Albert S. Ruddy

Actors

Leading actors , Al Pacino

Music by Bryan Tyler

Screenplay Mario Puzo

comedy, romance

Genre

2h

a commoner: a person who is not born into a position of high social rank

Director

Steven Spielberg

Producers Gray Frederickson, Albert S. Ruddy

Leading actors , Al Pacino

Based on the novel by actress Whoopi Goldberg

Genre drama

Screenplay Mario Puzo

Genre

bigotry: strong, unreasonable ideas, esp. about race or religion to persevere: to try to do or continue doing something in a determined way, despite difficulties

Director

Jon Watts

Writers Chris McKenna, Stan Lee, Erik Sommers

Producers Gray Frederickson, Albert S. Ruddy

Leading actors , Al Pacino

actress Zendaya

Screenplay Mario Puzo

Genre

Extras Gary Weeks, Carol Dines , adventure, fantasy

a What is the topic of the texts?

b Describe the main idea of the texts in one sentence.

posthumously: after a person’s death

c What is the purpose of these texts? Circle the correct answer and explain why. To activate To inform to entertain to give an opinion

d Watch the film trailers. Write down the correct name of each film above the summaries. Choose from the box.

The Color Purple – Crazy Rich Asians – The Godfather –Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone – Murder On The Orient Express –Spider-Man: No Way Home

e All of these films were based on books. Link the films with the book extract: write down the correct number under each extract.

Film number:

M. Hercule Poirot was a little late in entering the luncheon-car on the following day. He had risen early, had breakfasted almost alone, and had spent the morning going over the notes of the case that was recalling him to London. He had seen little of his travelling companion.

M. Bouc, who was already seated, gated a greeting and summoned his friend to the empty place opposite him. Poirot sat down and soon found himself in the favoured position of being at the table which was served first and with the choicest morsels. The food, too, was unusually good.

Film number:

DEAR GOD, He act like he can’t stand me no more. Say I’m evil an always up to no good. He took my other little baby, a boy this time. But I don’t think he kilt it. I think he sold it to a man an his wife over Monticello. I got breasts full of milk running down myself. He say Why don’t you look decent? Put on something. But what I’m sposed to put on? I don’t have nothing. I keep hoping he fine somebody to marry. I see him looking at my little sister. She scared. But I say I’ll take care of you. With God help.

Film number:

Out of control, Bonasera leaned forward toward the aisle and shouted hoarsely, “You will weep as I have wept—I will make you weep as your children make me weep”—the linen at his eyes now. The defense attorneys bringing up the rear swept their clients forward in a tight little band, enveloping the two young men, who had started back down the aisle as if to protect their parents. A huge bailiff moved quickly to block the row in which Bonasera stood. But it was not necessary. All his years in America, Amerigo Bonasera had trusted in law and order. And he had prospered thereby. Now, though his brain smoked with hatred, though wild visions of buying a gun and killing the two young men jangled the very bones of his skull, Bonasera turned to his still uncomprehending wife and explained to her, “They have made fools of us.” He paused and then made his decision, no longer fearing the cost. “For justice we must go on our knees to Don Corleone.”

Film number:

Boa Constrictor, Brazil

"Was it nice there?"

The boa constrictor jabbed its tail at the sign again and Harry read on: This specimen was bred in the zoo. "Oh, I see - so you've never been to Brazil?"

As the snake shook its head, a deafening shout behind Harry made both of them jump. "DUDLEY! MR. DURSLEY! COME AND LOOK AT THIS SNAKE! YOU WON'T BELIEVE WHAT IT'S DOING!"

Dudley came waddling toward them as fast as he could.

"Out of the way, you," he said, punching Harry in the ribs. Caught by surprise, Harry fell hard on the concrete floor. What came next happened so fast no one saw how it happened - one second, Piers and Dudley were leaning right up close to the glass, the next, they had leapt back with howls of horror.

Harry sat up and gasped; the glass front of the boa constrictor's tank had vanished. The great snake was uncoiling itself rapidly, slithering out onto the floor. People throughout the reptile house screamed and started running for the exits.

As the snake slid swiftly past him, Harry could have sworn a low, hissing voice said, "Brazil, here I come. . . . Thanksss, amigo."

Film number:

f Which book would you like to read? Why? Discuss in class.

g Have you ever read a book that’s been turned into a film? Which one did you prefer? Discuss in class.

3 Look at the interactive picture and discover the words related to films and books. Listen to the pronunciation and check the spelling.

4 Watch the following trailers. Which genres do these films belong to?

Trailer Genre

Operation Fortune

Charlie and the Chocolate Factory

La La Land

M3GAN

Look at the following definitions. Can you match them with the correct word?

7 Who are these people? Choose from the box. a camera man – a crew – a director – an editor – an extra – a make-up artist –a producer – a stylist

8 Complete the following sentences with the correct word concerning films and books. The first letter is already given.

1 Her latest novel was a real p -t I finished it in one day.

2 When I go on holiday, I take my e- with me to read books. It saves me space in my luggage.

3 Did you know that Margot Robbie is the l a in the film Barbie?

4 I saw The Little Mermaid in the cinema, it’s the best l -a film I’ve ever seen.

5 I always watch films with s . This helps me to understand the story better.

6 I prefer n -f books. I like to read stories based on real events.

Check: vocabulary ‘films and books’ Yes I think soNo

Ik ken de woordenschat rond films en boeken.

Ik geniet van een literaire tekst en kan er mijn mening over geven.

Once Upon a Time ... in Hollywood (2019)

9/10

A love letter to a film industry that is no longer recognisable.

dhunjiwadia   7 February 2020

It took Quentin Tarantino a lifetime of living, 5 years to write and 2 hours 41 minutes to watch. This is a love letter to a film industry that is no longer recognisable. Hippies, short skirts, westerns ... all have disappeared from our film world. But worry not, Quentin Tarantino is here to remind us of old school film making from a once beloved industry which has been described as being on life support.

The performances are flawless. I was apprehensive about how the events of August 8, 1969 would be handled. But that is handled tastefully and respectfully, yet with the classic Tarantino flair.

Adapted from: imdb.com

The film will be quite a bit for those under 40 who have no recollection of this Hollywood. Some will categorise this as an over-attractive nostalgia trip for film geeks. And they are likely to be correct. But for those of us who complain that Hollywood is reduced to remakes and comic book films, QT delivers a unique and creative viewing experience. to be apprehensive: to feel worried about something

Everything Everywhere All at Once (2022)

6/10

Bit incredulous at the amount of Oscars ...

JBLOSS  13 March 2023

Firstly I should say I thought the actors did put in some very good performances and I can see why they were nominated although as to whether they deserved to beat some of their competitors is another matter.

I have to say I found this film to be boring and almost unenjoyable to watch. It feels like a film made for the TikTok generation – no overall coherence with nuggets of scenes rammed together. Is this a film I would ever bother watching again – absolutely not.

Yes it is different – in much the same way The Artist was (and who talks about that film anymore?) but that doesn't make it good. It aims for a strong message while its style is overwhelmingly superficial. It's a film with little artistic quality or dare I say beauty (I am talking about the scenes and cinematography here, not the actors) and it definitely did not move me except to pray it was going to finish.

In short it barely ticks the boxes of what I'd consider to be essential criteria for a great film. Maybe this is the first of a new wave of this type of film and I am not getting it but when it had finished I felt pretty much nothing.

Adapted from: imdb.com

a coherence: a clear relationship between parts superficial: not serious

a What type of texts are these?

b What is the purpose?

c Which film got the best rating according to you? How do you know?

d What do we call the words in red?

e What’s the purpose of these type of words?

f Look at the ones that are underlined. Can you put them in the correct category?

Structure

g Also add the following linking words to the correct category in the grid.

after that – afterwards – also – as to – as well as – at first – currently – eventually –finally – first – however – in the end – later – next – then – yet

h Complete the following text/sentences with the correct linking word.

Isn't plastic, quite fantastic

1 For all practical purposes, Barbieland is original and pure. Different Barbies Kens live their beautiful lives in blissful ignorance of the real world.

Barbie movie review:

when the quintessential Barbie (Margot Robbie) begins to have unusual thoughts, she is directed by another Barbie (Kate McKinnon) to enter the world of humans address her existential crisis. , chaos happens when Ken (Ryan Gosling) goes along with her on this quest. Barbie’s production, combined with its costume, art & set design, is pictureperfect, immersing us in the pastel and pink Barbieland with a lot of colourful characters.

Played by an ensemble cast, some are given more to do, others are left in the background. this is by design, it does make some of these characters a bit unnecessary. Margot Robbie reminds us of her incredible depth range as the main character Barbie, is perfectly cast in the lead role. Ryan Gosling is a scenestealer whose Ken is an unlikely brand of a jerk who draws laughs effortlessly, often at his own expense

, the ace in the pack is America Ferrera, who is impressive, especially in one memorable monologue that perfectly captures the complex problem of women’s equality.

Source: timesofindia.indiatimes.com, Neil Soans

How to link sentences?

quintessential: the most typical or perfect example of something to immerse: to become totally involved in something an ensemble cast: a large group of principal actors at his own expense: making himself look silly the ace in the pack: the one who is excellent; first-rate; or outstanding

When sentences are linked, they can have equal importance. We talk about coordination. Some sentences don't have equal importance. If one sentence has more important information than the other, we talk about subordination

10 Look at the interactive picture and watch the video about coordination and subordination.

How to recognise coordination and subordination?

Coordination

GRAMMAR

Coordination is used to combine two sentences of equal importance: each sentence is important and gives information necessary to understand the text.

e.g.: Eric forgot his text. He had to read it from the autocue.

There is a subject and verb in each sentence/clause.

We use a linking word to combine them.

e.g.: Eric forgot his text, and he had to read it from the autocue. Eric forgot his text, so he had to read it from the autocue.

Commonly used linking words: and, but, for, so, or, yet

Subordination

Subordination is used to combine a main sentence with another sentence. We speak of a main clause and a subclause.

e.g.: Eric forgot his text because he was distracted. Main clause subclause

The subclause cannot stand alone! It is dependent on the main clause.

Commonly used linking words: because, even, if, since, until, while, that, etc.

11 Coordination or subordination?

a Tick off whether the sentences use coordination or subordination

b Highlight the linking words that tell you so.

1 Mum was running late, so she took a taxi to work.

2 He didn’t eat at school because he forgot his lunch.

Coordination Subordination

3 Yesterday, I went to the mall and visited my grandmother.

4 I searched for my glasses everywhere, but I didn’t find them.

5 Someone broke into the film star's trailer while she was rehearsing her lines.

6 The stuntman broke his leg when the stunt car hit a tree.

7 Melisa didn’t like the soup, but she ate it anyway.

8. Did you read the letter that came for you last week?

9 If I win the lottery, I will throw a big party!

10 Would you like to come with us, or would you rather stay here for a couple more hours?

Do you want more practice? On diddit you can find extra practice materials.

Check: coordination and subordination

Ik begrijp neven- en onderschikking in Engelstalige zinnen. Ik kan neven- en onderschikking in Engelstalige zinnen herkennen.

Yes I think soNo

Celebrity stardom.

a Read the following words before you read the text. Tick off the words you already know.

Words from the text

Words I understand before reading

Words I understand after reading to figure skate a reputation a misconception to label to make a living an appearance satisfaction to balance

b Look at the lay-out. What type of text is this?

c Where can you find these types of texts?

d Who is this meant for?

e Read the text.

Margot Robbie, everything she touches turns to gold

She made a name for herself playing Leo DiCaprio's embattled wife in The Wolf of Wall Street and as the civilised girlfriend of Alexander Skarsgard's Tarzan.

Confirmation of her talent came with I, Tonya, the rollercoaster life story of Tonya Harding, the fallen figure skating champion of the 80s and 90s who was the first American woman to complete a triple axel at a major competition. Her role as Sharon Tate in Once Upon a Time in Hollywood enhanced her reputation further. Since then, this remarkable Australian has been riding the box-office wave with ease and undeniable talent. It's as if everything this stunning blonde touches turns to gold! Between two shoots, Ms Robbie looks back on her beginnings, her career, and reveals how she managed to avoid being swallowed up by the celebrity machine. This girl has clearly kept a cool head!

to enhance: to improve the strength ease: needing little effort

15

“I have always been fascinated by the movies. Once I graduated from high school, my parents forced me to study law. They wanted me to become a lawyer! I was very capable and I think I could have worked wonders in a courtroom, but I couldn't see myself pursuing a career in law. So, I dropped everything and had just one goal: to travel. The ultimate goal of my journey was to unpack my bags in Hollywood and stay there, but to do that you had to earn a living. I worked in a surf shop for two years. I then worked as a babysitter and making sandwiches for Subway. What else? Oh yes, I worked in a grocery shop, then a pharmacy. Then I was a waitress and a cleaner. But don't think that I came to the United States without any artistic training. I learnt the business from coaches for two years. I had to get rid of my Australian accent, Crocodile Dundee-style. In short, there was a lot going on!” (laughs)

“That I spend all my time lying on a yacht and spend my nights in the most stylish and exclusive parts of the world. I wish that were true! I will tell you the reality of MY experience as an actress. Most of the time I have to stay in my studio trailer reading my script and learning my lines. I also spend a lot of time sitting in a car park while make-up artists and hairdressers come to get me ready to perform for the cameras. There's nothing glamorous about it, you know! There's a big misconception about acting. Many people imagine that we get out of bed all glamorous and beautiful. Oh, if only that were true! One day I met a fan who asked me if I had staff working for me at home. When I told her that I cleaned the floors, polished the cutlery and did my own washing, she didn't believe me!

Even today I’m portrayed as a blonde with a pretty smile. The implication being there’s nothing going on in her head! I think that misconception will be around for a while longer.”

“I'm not an image, I'm a person. In answer to your first question, I feel that I'm a very lucky actress. It was the media that labelled me a 'star'. Not me. The result is that people's opinion is distorted. No, I should point out that I don't eat bucketfuls of caviar every day! I'm not being dishonest when I tell you that I do my shopping at the supermarket or that I take the bins out myself. I'm a simple girl. There is a tendency to focus on form more than substance. I am aware that appearance is crucial in Hollywood. But I also tried not to be pigeonholed. You know, in my profession there is a tendency to ‘categorise’ actresses. The blonde, the tall one, the sporty one, the smart one, the funny one, etc.

We mustn't allow ourselves to get pinned. I sincerely hope it was acting skills and not my physical appearance that caught the eye of the producers. On the other hand, I'm not a fool!” (laughs)

to pursue: to try to get cutlery: knives, forks and spoons an implication: to suggest to distort: to change or affect something a tendency: likely to happen to be pigeonholed: to put someone into a group or type, often unfairly

60

65

“I meet lots of young girls and I tell them there's no point in going faster than the music, skipping steps. I think that every stage of life shapes you and it's important not to rush anything. When you are 12 years old, for example, you shouldn't try to grow up at all costs to look like someone else, especially an actress. This business can bring you great rewards, great satisfaction, but you mustn't forget that before you break through, you have to overcome rejection. You go to a lot of auditions hoping to get a role and most of the time they don't pick you. It makes you start to doubt your talent, your ability. It's only those who don't throw in the towel that break through eventually. That's not only true of the film industry.”

70

75

“For a while there was a drone that would hover over my house. I couldn't figure out why. Until a friend explained to me that it was the paparazzi. (…) Fortunately, during the loooooong wait, there's also WhatsApp or Skype to call my family in Australia!”

“All I know is that when it hits you the first time, it's like riding the wave of a tsunami. Some people manage to keep their balance throughout their lives. Others lose it and end up disappearing under the waves forever. You need to have inner strength and know how to follow the bubbles that will take you back to the surface. But few people in Hollywood manage to float. In any case, if a psychic had predicted ten years ago that I would one day arrive on the top of the wave, I wouldn't have paid him for his consultation. Maybe I’d have even called him a liar!”

80 85 “I don't think it affects them in a negative way. My family has always supported me. They are all delighted that I have succeeded in this business where, as you know, there are very few chosen ones!”

“I've always thought that women have a muscle that men haven't always been able to use properly; it's the muscle between our ears called the brain! You know, that spongy thing that allows you, in theory, to coordinate your movement and think!”

Interview by Frank Rousseau, our US correspondent

Source: blush-mag.com, Frank Rousseau

a rejection: the act of refusing to accept to hover: to stay in one place in the air

f Some words in the text look like Dutch words. What do they mean?

English words

Dutch words

Other languages a reputation to portray to polish the implication an image the perception an audition a consultation

g Do you know the words in another language? Write them down and complete the grid.

h What’s the purpose of this type of text?

i Write down the correct interview question above each paragraph in the text. Choose from the questions below.

- It's often said that Hollywood is a sham. What misconceptions do people typically have about you?

- They call you a feminist ...

- How did you fall into the world of cinema?

- How would you define celebrity?

- What advice would you give to teenagers who dream of doing the same job as you?

- How does your family view your fame?

- What are the downsides of stardom?

- Are you aware of the image you project?

j Which film put Margot Robbie on the Hollywood radar?

k Which two films made clear she was very talented?

a sham: something that is fake

l Where’s Margot originally from? How come this was an obstacle to overcome?

m In order to earn a living in Hollywood, Margot did several jobs. Which ones?

n Does Margot live the cliché life of a typical film star? Explain.

o Are the following statements true or false? Correct the false ones.

1 Margot played the role of Sharon Tate in The Wolf of Wall Street

2 Margot graduated as a lawyer.

3 Before Margot became a promising film star, she was coached.

4 Margot spends a lot of time on her yacht and travels the world.

5 She acknowledges that her good looks helped her out with her acting career.

6 A drone, that circled above her house, tried to take pictures.

7 Margot lives in Hollywood together with her family.

p What does ‘To focus on form more than substance’ mean? Explain in Dutch or in English.

q How would you summarise the advice Margot gives to teenagers?

r Margot played the role of Sharon Tate. Who was she? Use the internet to look up information about her. Report to class.

s Discuss in class what is meant by: being a celebrity is like riding a tsunami.

t Have you seen any films with Margot Robbie in them? Which ones? What were they about? Discuss in class. Check: reading an interview about 'Celebrity stardom' Yes I think soNo Ik begrijp en kan vragen beantwoorden bij een Engelstalig interview over de carrière van Margot Robbie.

13 Watch the video

a Do you know AI? What does it stand for?

b Watch the video.

c What is the purpose of this video? Tick off the correct answer to give information to give an opinion to give instructions to entertain

d What’s the video about?

e What is DeepVoodoo? Tick off the correct answer.

A visual effects company that specialises in body replacement AI

A visual effects company that specialises in voice replacement AI

A visual effects company that specialises in facial replacement AI

f How does this company work? Explain in Dutch.

g In what way did Kendrick Lamar use this technology?

h Why does Keith Pizzi joke about Julie who doesn’t have to show up to work anymore?

i What are the advantages of the technique DeepVoodoo uses? Name two advantages. 1 2

j The technology helps people out in their jobs. How so?

k Besides cloning actors’ faces and voices, what does AI do as well?

l What does the company ‘Wonder Dynamics’ want to do?

m Why is the technology of ‘Wonder Dynamics’ so special?

n How come it is so accessible for everyone to use?

o Have you ever used AI yourself? Discuss in class.

p What do you think are the (dis)advantages of using AI? Discuss in class.

Check: watching a video about AI Yes I think soNo Ik begrijp en kan vragen beantwoorden bij een Engelstalig videofragment over de invloed van artificiële intelligentie op het maken van een film.

Checklist: learning about films and books

Wat kan ik al?

Wat lukt nog niet goed? Wat moet ik doen om dat onderdeel beter te kunnen?

2 Learning about the power of music

1 Go to the interactive picture and listen to the following song. a Fill in the missing words of these lyric parts.

1 5 10 15

20 Wouldn't you know

We been , been down before, n****

When our was low

Lookin' at the world like, "Where do we go, n****?"

And we hate

Wanna us dead in the street for sure, n****

I'm at the preacher's door

My knees gettin' weak and my might blow

But we gon' be alright

I keep my up high

I cross my and hope to die

Lovin' me is complicated

Too afraid of a lot of

I'm alright and you're a favorite

Dark nights in my

I remembered you was conflicted

Misusing your influence, sometimes I did the same

Abusing my full of resentment

Resentment that turned into a deep depression

Found myself screamin' in the hotel

I didn't wanna self destruct, the evils of Lucy was all around me

So I went runnin' for answers

b What do you think is the message behind this song? Discuss in class.

c Use the internet to look up the following questions:

1 Who sang this song?

2 Why does he use the insulting word ‘n****’ in his song?

3 Why does he keep mentioning ‘Alls my life I…’?

4 What’s the meaning behind the chorus?

5 What’s meant by the line ‘We hate po-po’?

6 What is the meaning behind this song? Explain in your own words (in Dutch).

7 Why can this song be seen as a protest/political song?

d Which genre does this song belong to? Tick off the correct answer(s).

Pop

Hip Hop

Rap

Electronic Dance Music

Jazz

2 Read the following text about protest songs.

https://www.musicgateway.com/blog/spotify/what-is-protest-music-and-best-protest-songs

What Are Protest Songs And How Do They Impact Change?

Social change and political expression have always had their place in music. Often, artists use their creative talent to send a controversial message that they relate to In this article, we will take a look at the place protest songs have in music and their influence on culture.

After taking a closer look at what protest music is, we will discuss some of the most famous protest songs and the messages behind them.

What Is Protest Music?

Protest music is music that aims to send out social messages and inspire change (associated with a movement for social change or other current events through music). It often uses the popularity of the artist to bring more attention to a particular problem.

Whether it’s songs about the world, police brutality, or even Donald Trump … there are plenty of issues that get addressed through art and music, such as popular protest songs.

to relate to: to be able to understand a situation or someone’s feelings

What Impact Do Protest Songs Have?

Throughout history, protest songs have given people the inspiration to stand up against those who mistreat them. Martin Luther King Jr said, “freedom songs serve to give unity to a movement”. The revolutions in North Africa and the Middle East have been inspired by rap music, which the authorities tried to forbid, pointing again to the potential of political music to effect social change. However, the inevitable question that comes up when considering protest music is whether it really matters. Does it make a difference?

What Are The Best Protest Songs Ever?

Well, it’s hard to say as there are so many famous protest songs! However here are 2 of our top protest songs.

Bob Marley – Get Up Stand Up (1973)

Get up Stand Up is an overtly political song. Bob Marley is best known for being the most prominent Reggae musician of all time, for smoking a lot of marijuana, and for his political protest songs. And this track owns the best lines in political protest music history: “You can fool some people sometimes, but you can’t fool all the people all the time. So now we see the light! We gonna stand up for our rights!”

Bruce Springsteen – Born In The USA (1984)

This song was mistaken as a positive American anthem for years and still is today by many. Ronald Reagan even used this song in his 1984 re-election campaign and tried to claim Bruce as a supporter!

Lyrically the song takes a realistic approach to the effects of the Vietnam war on those who were forced to go fight in Southeast Asia. But if you manage to only listen to the chorus, it can be seen as a patriotic anthem. The song’s lyrics are about a shell-shocked vet with ‘no place to run, nowhere to go.’ Bruce once said it’s about “a working-class man… It’s like he has nothing left to tie him into society anymore. He’s isolated from the government. Isolated from his family … to the point where nothing makes sense.” It’s not an overtly political protest song, but it’s way closer to that than a national anthem.

Adapted from: musicgateway.com

a What type of text is this?

b How do you know?

c Explain in Dutch what a protest song is.

overtly: publicly or in an obvious way and not secret prominent: very well known and important

d Why do artists write protest songs?

e Why is it important to have a popular artist write a protest song?

f Are protest songs allowed in every country? Explain.

g Complete the following grid.

Song name

Type of song?

Meaning?

h Do you know of other protest songs? Look one up online.

i Why is this a protest song? What’s the meaning behind it? Report to class.

Check: reading protest songs Yes I think soNo

Ik begrijp en kan vragen beantwoorden bij een Engelstalige tekst over protestliederen.

Checklist: learning about the power of music

Wat kan ik al?

Wat lukt nog niet goed? Wat moet ik doen om dat onderdeel beter te kunnen?

TIME TO CHECK YOURSELF

1 Look at the following definitions. Write down the correct word concerning films and books next to each one.

1 the words of a film

2 a funny mistake made by an actor during the making of a film

3 to change the language of a film

4 a TV-show involving characters from a previous programme

5 a book that is so exciting that you want to read it quickly

6 the story of a book

7 the time and place in which the action of a book, film happens

2 Complete the following sentences with a correct word concerning films and books.

1 Have you seen the film The Notebook? They use a lot of to retell the main characters’ past.

2 The film Titanic was a huge hit. A lot of tickets were sold on the first day

3 I didn’t like the of Avatar. I prefer the first film.

4 My brother always watches English films with English This helps him improve his English.

5 Roald Dahl’s Mathilda is the best ever! My daughter just loves it.

ex. 1 and 2

Ik kan in het Engels woorden gebruiken rond films en boeken. Yes I think soNo

Time to catch up? ex. 1

3 Who is being described here?

Time to get ahead? ex. 6

1 a person who makes the practical and financial arrangements needed to make a film

2 the main actor of the film

3 a person who corrects or changes pieces of text or film before they are printed or shown

4 a person whose job is to help people decide on a style of clothes, hair, etc.

ex. 3

Ik kan in het Engels woorden gebruiken rond jobs in de filmwereld. Yes I think soNo

Time to catch up? ex. 2

Time to get ahead? ex. 7

4 Which genres do the following posters refer to?

ex. 4

Ik ken de verschillende filmgenres in het Engels.

Time to catch up? ex. 3

5

Yes I think soNo

Time to get ahead? ex. 8

Complete the following sentences with a correct linking word.

Structure , he asked her to marry him.

Addition My favourite foods are Italian Indian.

Contrast he is my friend, I don’t agree with him.

Time I was cleaning the house the baby was sleeping.

Summary , he left for Spain.

Structure , he went to the store. , he cooked her dinner.

Contrast I am not sure where your wallet is. you forgot it at home?

Time The kids cleaned up their room that day.

ex. 5 Ik kan Engelse zinnen vervolledigen met het correcte koppelwoord.

Time to catch up? ex. 4

Time to get ahead? ex. 9

Yes I think soNo

6 Read the following short reviews of the film Oppenheimer.

a Highlight the sentences with coordination in yellow.

b Highlight the sentences with subordination in green.

OPPENHEIMER REVIEWS

OPPENHEIMER 3h 0m

History, Drama, Biography Directed by: Christopher Nolan

This is a complex look at a complicated man, but Oppenheimer establishes that this is a story worth telling.

Everything about Christopher Nolan’s latest film is massive. The level of shock and admiration is breathtaking, but it can also be taxing.

Well acted and educational but extremely long and boring.

If the Hollywood we know is ending, then Oppenheimer is the ideal film to finish us all.

A historical biopic that you'll want to see again asap, even if it doesn’t all work on the first viewing.

A film that you don’t merely watch, but must reckon with.

Adapted from: rottentomatoes.com

ex. 6

Ik kan neven- en onderschikking herkennen in Engelse zinnen. Yes I think soNo Time to catch up? ex. 5

Time to get ahead? ex. 10

Ready? Tick off the exercises you have to do on page 36-44.

TO PRACTISE

1 Complete the following crossword puzzle.

ACROSS

4 a long-printed story about imaginary characters and events

6 the music of a film

7 words at the bottom of a screen

9 not based on real people and facts DOWN

1 a book with a cover made of thick paper

2 a book or film that continues the story of a previous book or film

3 the story of a book or film

5 the place in the cinema where tickets are sold

7 the place where a film is recorded

8 the life story of a person written by someone else

2

3 Match the following descriptions with the correct

4 Complete the following sentences with the correct linking word. Choose from the box. and – but – finally – first – maybe – next – or – then

1 Which is the best Disney film ever? The Lion King The Little Mermaid?

2 I bought some popcorn, I went to my seat.

3 She is so happy! she is in love?

4 We went to see the Oppenheimer film my husband hated it.

5 My best friend is visiting us might stay over for a couple of weeks.

6 We will start off with an appetizer; we will have our starter.

7 After reading for six hours straight, I finished the book!

Score ex. 4 < 5 >/= 5

Well done!

5 Tick off whether the sentences use coordination or subordination.

Coordination Subordination

1 When it started raining, I decided to stop walking.

2 She enjoys both reading books and watching films.

3 He stayed home because he was feeling unwell.

4 The cat is napping on the couch and the dog is playing in the garden.

5 While I was cooking dinner, my sister set the table for us.

6 I couldn’t visit the museum because it was closed for renovation.

Score ex. 5 < 4 >/= 4

Well done!

time to get ahead

6 Slang

a Watch the two videos.

b Which two English accents do you recognize? Circle the correct ones.

British Welsh Scottish Indian Australian American

c Who did you recognize in the videos?

d Where do you know them from? Discuss with your neighbour.

e What do the following images represent? Write down the correct slang word underneath.

f What's the origin of the word? Circle the correct country/flag.

h Write down the Australian slang words for:

1 you’re off your face, you are drunk:

2 a speedo:

3 native Australian bird, an idiot:

4 an American:

7 Read the following extract from the book Jurassic Park by Michael Crichton. Complete the text with the missing words. Choose from the box.

balancing – faint – foot – frighten – protected – salamander – shade – skin – source –tame – tracks

Now her mother was calling to her, and Tina decided to move out of the sun, back from the water, to the of the palm trees.

In this part of the beach, the palm trees overhung a gnarled tangle of mangrove roots, which blocked any attempt to penetrate inland. Tina sat in the sand and kicked the dried mangrove leashes. She noticed many bird tracks in the sand. Costa Rica was famous for its birds. The guidebooks said there were three times as many birds in Costa Rica as in all of America and Canada.

In the sand, some of the three-toed bird were small, and so they could hardly be seen. Other tracks were large and cut deeper in the sand. Tina was looking idly at the tracks when she heard a chirping, followed by a rustling in the mangrove thicket.

Did sloths make a chirping sound? Tina didn’t think so, but she wasn’t sure. The chirping was probably some ocean bird. She waited quietly, not moving, hearing the rustling again, and finally she saw the of the sounds.

A few yards away, a lizard emerged from the mangrove roots and peered at her.

Tina held her breath. A new animal for her list! The lizard stood up on its hind legs, on its thick tail, and stared at her. Standing like that, it was almost a tall, dark green with brown stripes along its back. Its tiny front legs ended in little lizard fingers that wiggled in the air. The lizard cocked its head as it looked at her.

Tina thought it was cute. Sort of like a big . She raised her hand and wiggled her fingers back. The lizard wasn’t frightened. lt came toward her, walking upright on its hind legs.

It was hardly bigger than a chicken, and like a chicken it bobbed its head as it walked. Tina thought it would make a wonderful pet. She noticed that the lizard left three-toed tracks that looked exactly like bird tracks. The lizard came closer to Tina. She kept her body still, not wanting to the little animal. She was amazed that it would come so close, but she remembered that this was a national park. All the animals in the park would know that they were . This lizard was probably . Maybe it even expected her to give it some food. Unfortunately, she didn’t have any. Slowly, Tina extended her hand, palm open, to show she didn’t have any food. The lizard paused, cocked his head, and chirped. “Sorry,” Tina said. “I just don’t have anything.” And then, without warning, the lizard jumped up onto her outstretched hand. Tina could feel its little toes pinching the of her palm, and she felt the surprising weight of the animal’s body pressing her arm down. And then the lizard scrambled up her arm, toward her face.

from:

8 Make your own Spotify playlist

You are going to make a class Spotify playlist of different protest songs.

a Search the internet for different protest songs.

b Choose one. Why did you choose this song?

c Analyse the song. What is the meaning behind it? Who sang it? Why did he/she write this song? Did it have an impact?

d Write out a short text in which you mention previous topics.

Adapted

© Jurassic Park, Michael Crichton, 2012, Random House Publishing Group

e Put your song in the Spotify playlist.

f Listen to the playlist.

g When your song comes up, mention your analysis.

9 The civil rights movement Watch the video and solve the following questions.

a Who was Rosa Parks?

b The act of Rosa Parks didn’t go unnoticed. Who came into the picture then?

c What was his job?

d What happened during the March on Washington in 1963?

e Complete this famous quote.

One day, right there in , little boys and girls will be able to join with little boys and girls as and I have a today.

f Which important acts were approved in 1964 and 1965?

g What happened in 1968?

h What did this mean for the movement?

i Do you think there is equality for everyone nowadays?

j What happened to George Floyd? Look up information online if necessary.

k The video started off by saying that the civil rights movement started with Brown vs the board of education. Who is ‘Brown’ and why was he/she important for the civil rights movement? Look up information on the internet.

10 How well do you know AI?

a Make your own comic book extract by using AI.

b Go to the website the teacher will give you. Read the tips and tricks to make your own comic book extract.

c Start designing your own comic book extract on the website the teacher will give you.

d Once you have your images, edit them by adding speech bubbles and text. You can edit them in a text file.

e Try to insert linking words and sentences with coordination and subordination

f Save your comic book extract as a PDF file.

g Upload it and share it with your fellow students.

h Read each other’s extracts and enjoy!

i Which extract did you like the most? Why? Be kind to each other.

j Can you analyse the sentences in the extracts?

1 Indicate the linking words that are used.

2 Highlight the sentences with coordination in yellow.

3 Highlight the sentences with subordination in green.

YOUR TIME

1 Vlog

a What is your favourite film of all time?

b Do you remember how to write a review? Refresh your memory with the strategy box in the summary.

c Write out a review in which you discuss the film’s storyline, cast and plot. Make sure you use the correct vocabulary and sentences with coordination and subordination

d Make a vlog in which you share your opinion. Use the strategy box.

How to make a vlog?

1 Plan your vlog

- Outline what you want to share in your vlog.

- Think about a beginning, middle, and end.

2 KISS: Keep it simple and short

- Use easy words and short sentences.

- Aim for a video length that keeps attention.

3 Use visuals

- Show what you’re talking about with pictures or video clips.

4 Speak clearly

- Talk slowly and clearly so everyone can understand.

- Don’t rush, take your time.

5 Add background music

- Include music that fits your vlog’s subject.

- Make sure it’s not too loud, so your voice is clear.

6 Show your personality

- Be yourself and let your personality shine.

- Share your thoughts and feelings

STRATEGY

e Share your vlog with your fellow students.

f React to your fellow students’ vlogs by leaving a comment. Be respectful and comment on the content!

2 Interview

a You have won a meet ‘n greet with your favourite celebrity/writer.

b Which questions would you like to ask him/her? Write out at least 5.

Question 1: Question 2: Question 3: Question 4: Question 5: Question 6:

Question 7:

Question 8:

c Write out an interview with him/her. Look up information online in order to give correct answers to the questions. Do you remember how to do and structure an interview? Refresh your memory with the strategy boxes in the summary.

d Mention your sources in a correct way. Do you remember how to choose and use online sources? Use the strategy sheet on diddit to refresh your memory.

3 Make your own short film.

a Find out the different steps to make your own film. Use the following strategy box.

How to make your own film?

Step 1: The idea

STRATEGY

Start with an idea for your film. Think about the story, characters, and conflicts. Save your ideas in a journal or on your phone.

Step 2: The script

Write down the story, setting, and dialogue in a script. You can use this as a reference and make changes as you go. Don't be afraid to let the actors improvise.

Step 3: The storyboards

Create drawings or take pictures to plan your shots.

Step 4: The cast and crew

Find the right people for your project. Check their experience, and hold auditions for actors. Choose the best, even if they're not friends or family.

Step 5: The locations

Scout for the best places for your scenes. Take pictures and consider the space needed for the cast and crew.

Step 6: The filming

Start filming with a shooting script and a schedule. Give yourself enough time, and film the scenes from different angles if possible.

Step 7: The post-production

Edit your footage to create a rough cut. Add sound, music, effects, and correct the colours. Consider showing the rough cut to trusted people for feedback before the final version.

Source: www.nyfa.edu

b What type of film do you want to make? Which genre?

c Brainstorm about a couple of ideas for the story. What should the short film be about?

d Go to an AI generator like ChatGPT and ask it to write out a script about your brainstorming.

e Choose your cast.

f Make your short film and edit it. You can use your smartphone to do so. Use the internet to look up some free apps that might get you epic shots!

g Upload your short film.

h Watch the other's short films and discuss the storyline and editing of the film in class. Give feedback to each other and use the following strategy box and useful expressions. Don’t forget to enjoy!

How to give feedback?

Be constructive:

STRATEGY

• Do not only mention what you think can be done better, but also what you appreciate.

• Try to give ‘negative’ feedback in between positive feedback.

• Always be respectful in formulating your feedback.

• Don’t generalise: make clear in your feedback that this is your opinion.

Give examples:

• Support your feedback with examples or suggestions of how to do better.

• Help someone out.

Ask questions:

• Try to understand why someone did something that way. It might give you another view on things.

• Make sure you understand each other, so the person is inspired to take the making of his film to the next level.

How to give your opinion?

I think Daredevil is a great series.

USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

In my opinion all these people take too many risks. I feel like there's a lot of action going on. If you ask me they should listen more to their parents.

The way I see it there can never be enough excitement in life.

How to say you (dis)like something?

Like

I liked the part where they fell in love.

I loved the role Margot played. I enjoyed the entire film.

I was mad about the setting. I adored the scene where they finally kissed.

Checklist: your time

Dislike

USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

I didn’t like all the action.

I was not mad about the main actor.

I hated the part where Tom died.

I detested the soundtrack.

Ik kan een review schrijven en hiervoor gebruik maken van de geziene woordenschat en grammatica.

Ik kan een vlog maken waarbij ik beroep doe op mijn geschreven review. Ik pas hiervoor de nodige feedback toe.

Ik kan op een gepaste en respectvolle manier reageren op iemands vlog.

Ik kan een interview opstellen aan de hand van een strategiekader en informatie verzameld van het internet.

Ik kan een eigen kortfilm maken waarbij ik beroep doe op het strategiekader en een AI-site. Ik ga hierbij kritisch om met verkregen informatie.

Ik kan op een respectvolle manier feedback, mijn eigen mening en likes/dislikes uitdrukken bij het bespreken van iemands anders werk.

Wat kan ik al?

Wat lukt nog niet goed? Wat moet ik doen om dat onderdeel beter te kunnen?

SUMMARY

1 FILMS AND BOOKS

Words Translation My notes

a biographyeen biografie

a bloopereen blunder

a box office een loket

a children’s book een kinderboek

a cliffhangereen spannend slot van een scène

to dub nasynchroniseren, dubben

an e-bookeen elektronisch boek

an e-reader een e-reader

fiction fictie

a flashbackeen flashback (teruggaan in de tijd)

a flashforwardeen flashforward (een blik op de toekomst)

a hardback een ingebonden boek (met harde kaft)

non-fictionnon-fictie

a novel een roman

a page-turnereen boek dat vlot leest

a paperbackeen boek met zachte kaft, pocketboek

a plot de verhaallijn, de intrige

a sceneeen scène

a scripteen script (geschreven tekst voor een film, toneel)

a sequeleen vervolg

a set een set, filmdecor

a settingde aankleding

a soundtrack een soundtrack (de muziek bij een film)

a spin-offeen spin-off (bijproduct)

a subtitleeen ondertiteling

a voice-overeen commentaarstem

2 PEOPLE

a cast acteurs a director een regisseur

an extra een figurant

a leading actor een hoofdrolspeler

©VANIN

an editor een monteur

a leading actress een hoofdrolspeelster

a make-up artist een visagiste a producer een producent a wardrobe stylist een kostuumontwerper

3 GENRES

Words Translation My notes

an action filmeen actiefilm

an adventure filmeen avonturenfilm

an animated film een tekenfilm

a comedy een komedie

a documentary een documentaire

a drama een drama

a fantasy filmeen fantasyfilm

a horror film een griezelfilm

a live-action film een live-action film

a musical een musical

a romcom een romantische comedy

a science fiction/ sci-fi film een science fiction film

a thriller een thriller

a western een western, wildwestfilm

HOW TO recognise coordination and subordination?

Coordination

Coordination is used to combine two sentences of equal importance: each sentence is important and gives information necessary to understand the text.

e.g. Eric forgot his text. He had to read it from the autocue.

There is a subject and verb in each sentence/clause.

We use a linking word to combine them.

e.g. Eric forgot his text, and he had to read it from the autocue. Eric forgot his text, so he had to read it from the autocue.

Commonly used linking words: and, but, for, so, or, yet

Subordination

Subordination is used to combine a main sentence with another sentence. We speak of a main clause and a subclause.

e.g. Eric forgot his text because he was distracted. Main clause subclause

The subclause cannot stand alone! It is dependent on the main clause.

Commonly used linking words: because, even, if, since, until, while, that, etc.

HOW TO give your opinion?

I think Daredevil is a great series.

In my opinion all these people take too many risks. I feel like there's a lot of action going on.

If you ask me they should listen more to their parents.

The way I see it there can never be enough excitement in life.

HOW TO say you (dis)like something?

Like

I liked the part where they fell in love.

I loved the role Margot played. I enjoyed the entire film.

I was mad about the setting. I adored the scene where they finally kissed.

Dislike

I didn’t like all the action.

I was not mad about the main actor.

I hated the part where Tom died.

I detested the soundtrack.

HOW TO write a review?

STRUCTURE TIPS

1 Introduction

- What is the review about? (storyline film, cast , plot etc.)

- What was your overall feeling?

2 Middle Give examples that support your overall feeling (setting, scenes, main actors, extras etc.).

3 Ending Mention an extra positive or negative aspect that stood out.

4 Conclusion

Write your general verdict. (Would you recommend this film? Would you watch it again? Would you adapt something?)

HOW TO make a vlog?

1 Plan your vlog

• Outline what you want to share in your vlog.

• Think about a beginning, middle, and end.

3 Use visuals

• Show what you’re talking about with pictures or video clips.

5 Add background music

• Include music that fits your vlog’s subject

• Make sure it’s not too loud, so your voice is clear.

1 Don’t get lost in details.

2 Stick to the main point. What did you like and what didn’t you like?

3 What was good and what wasn’t? Why?

Comment on the storyline, the performance of the actors, the special effects, setting…

4 Avoid personal attacks.

5 Use correct grammar, and check your spelling.

2 KISS: Keep it simple and short

• Use easy words and short sentences.

• Aim for a video length that keeps attention.

4 Speak clearly

• Talk slowly and clearly so everyone can understand.

• Don’t rush, take your time

6 Show your personality

• Be yourself and let your personality shine.

• Share your thoughts and feelings

HOW TO do an interview?

1 How to do an interview?

1 Research your topic and interviewee (know who you are interviewing, and what he/she does).

2. Prepare your questions up front (try to ask WH-questions instead of yes – no questions). Come up with a list of good ones!

3. What type of interview/article do you want to write?

a Narrative essay interview: it shows the interview from a particular point of view (yours or the interviewee). It considers emotional aspects, and requires a story-like format.

b Question-answer interview: this features dialogue. When interviewing one or more related people, use this format.

c Personal interview: the tone can be formal or informal, written in the first or second person.

4 Do your interview (make notes while asking questions or record the conversation).

5 Arrange your information: put it in the correct order to create a good flow when writing/reading the interview.

6 Write out your interview: check your grammar and spelling. Rephrase and polish!

7 Review and proofread: did you mention everything? Is it logically structured? Are there still spelling or grammatical errors?

2 How to structure an interview?

1 Use titles and subtitles: subtitles organize the interview in sections. It makes it easier to follow.

2 Start with an introductory paragraph: provide context about the interviewee and the topic.

3 Include visual elements, such as a photograph of the interviewee.

4 Q&A format: highlight key quotes. This breaks up the text and makes it visually appealing.

5 Text flow: break up lengthy texts with visuals.

6 Conclusion: conclude the interview with a brief summary, or end with a powerful closing statement.

7 Layout design:

- Whitespace: use it to avoid clutter, and to make the layout visually appealing.

- Font choice: select a readable font.

Source: ca.indeed.com

HOW TO make your own film?

Step 1: The idea

Start with an idea for your film. Think about the story, characters, and conflicts. Save your ideas in a journal or on your phone.

Step 2: The script

Write down the story, setting, and dialogue in a script. You can use this as a reference and make changes as you go. Don't be afraid to let the actors improvise.

Step 3: The storyboards

Create drawings or take pictures to plan your shots.

Step 4: The cast and crew

Find the right people for your project. Check their experience, and hold auditions for actors. Choose the best, even if they're not friends or family.

Step 5: The locations

Scout for the best places for your scenes. Take pictures and consider the space needed for the cast and crew.

Step 6: The filming

Start filming with a shooting script and a schedule. Give yourself enough time, and film the scenes from different angles if possible.

Step 7: The post-production

Edit your footage to create a rough cut. Add sound, music, effects, and correct the colours. Consider showing the rough cut to trusted people for feedback before the final version.

Source: www.nyfa.edu

HOW TO give feedback?

Be constructive:

• Do not only mention what you think can be done better, but also what you appreciate.

• Try to give ‘negative’ feedback in between positive feedback.

• Always be respectful in formulating your feedback.

• Don’t generalise: make clear in your feedback that this is your opinion.

Give examples:

• Support your feedback with examples or suggestions of how to do better.

• Help someone out.

Ask questions:

• Try to understand why someone did something that way. It might give you another view on things.

• Make sure you understand each other, so the person is inspired to take the making of his film to the next level.

UNIT 2: OVER THE MOON

Learning about space p. 59

Learning

markeer de instructietaal in het hoofdstuk. wat betekenen de woorden? bespreek.

talk about ask (a question) answer (a question) read listen watch

1 What do you see in the picture?

2 Which words that are related to the picture do you already know?

3 What is going to happen in this unit?

STORY TIME

1 Learning about space

1 Watch the video.

a What is the video about?

b What is the purpose of the video? to inform to entertain to persuade to instruct

c Would you ever dare to do this? Talk to a classmate and share your thoughts with each other. When done, report your classmate's position.

2 Read the newspaper article from The Guardian.

https://www.theguardian.com/science/2022/feb/02/international-space-station-will-plummet-to-a-watery-grave-in-2030

International Space Station will plummet to a watery grave in 2031

Nasa confirmed the ISS will plunge into the Pacific Ocean to join other used space stations, satellites and space debris

1 The International Space Station (ISS) will keep working until 2030 before heading for a watery grave at the farthest point of the Pacific. to plummet: to fall from high debris: the remaining pieces after something has been destroyed

More than 30 years after its 1998 launch, the ISS will be ‘de-orbited’ in January 2031, according to the space agency. Once out of orbit, the space station will make a dramatic fall before splash-landing in Point Nemo, which is about 2,700km away from any land and has become known as the space cemetery, a final resting place for old space stations, satellites and other human space junk

Also known as the ‘Oceanic Pole of Inaccessibility’, or the ‘South Pacific Ocean Uninhabited Area’, the region around the space cemetery is known for its utter lack of human activity. It’s “pretty much the farthest place from any human civilization you can find,” as Nasa put it.

Nasa said it plans to continue future space research by buying space and time for astronaut scientists on commercial spacecraft

While celebrating the ISS’s record of scientific accomplishments, Robyn Gatens, the director of the International Space Station at Nasa headquarters, also mentioned that its current goal was to “develop and research the necessary technology and science to support commercial flights in space”.

“We look forward to sharing our lessons learned and operations experience with the private sector to help them develop safe, reliable and cost-effective destinations in space,” Phil McAlister, the Director of Commercial Space at Nasa headquarters, said in a statement.

Nasa estimated that switching its space research from their own space station to renting space aboard commercial space missions would save $1.3billion in 2031 alone, and that the savings could “be applied to Nasa’s deep space research, making it possible to explore further and faster into deep space”.

Adapted from: The Guardian, Lois Beckett

a What is the topic of the newspaper article?

b Describe the main idea of the text in one sentence.

utter: complete to develop: to produce a new idea, product reliable: something you can trust

c Why is Point Nemo a good burial place for space junk?

d How will NASA continue its space research?

e Can you think of the pros and cons of using commercial space agencies?

Pros:

Cons:

f What does the word ‘de-orbited’ mean?

g Use an online dictionary to look up the words in the grid. Write your personal answer in the second column and write the correct meaning in the third column.

Words What I think it means What it means an orbit research a space agency space junk a space station a spacecraft

h What does ‘watery grave’ mean?

3 Look at the interactive picture and discover the words related to space. Listen to the pronunciation, and check the spelling.

4 Fill in the correct word about space. You can use the crossword puzzle to help. ACROSS

3 a giant ball of fire: a

4 the central point of our solar system: the

6 an object that orbits a celestial body in space: a

8 an icy rock orbiting the sun: a DOWN

1 to move around an object in space: to

2 the red planet:

3 a vehicle used in space: a

5 a device used to look at objects in space: a

7 a life form not coming from planet Earth: an

5 Look at the pictures about space. Write down the correct name underneath each picture. Choose from the box. a comet – a shuttle – a spacesuit – a spacewalk – a sunrise/a sunset – to take off

Check: space vocabulary Yes I think soNo Ik ken in het Engels woorden rond ruimtevaart.

6 Watch the video of our solar system and complete the fact file. a Fill in the name of the planet in the first column of the grid

In 1969, NASA launched the groundbreaking Apollo 11 mission, which aimed to land humans on the Moon. The mission was commanded by Neil Armstrong, with Buzz Aldrin as the lunar module pilot, and Michael Collins flying the command module. As they started their adventure on July 16, 1969, the whole world was watching and wishing them a safe journey

While the astronauts were flying through the vastness of space, NASA was constantly monitoring their spacecraft's systems, ensuring that everything worked flawlessly. Millions of people around the world watched their televisions as the astronauts were travelling toward the Moon

On July 20, 1969, the world stared at an extraordinary moment. Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed the lunar module, named Eagle, on the Moon's surface. As the lunar module was landing, Neil Armstrong said his famous words, “Houston, Tranquility Base here. The Eagle has landed.” This moment was followed by the two astronauts leaving the lunar module, stepping off the ladder and Neil Armstrong famously saying "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind," marking a historic moment in human history.

vastness: large in size flawlessly: without mistakes surface: the top or outside of something

a What is the text about?

b What is the purpose of the text? to inform to entertain to persuade to instruct

c Translate the sentence "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind," into Dutch.

d Do you think that Neil Armstrong was right. Why (not)?

8 Watch the video.

a What is the video about?

b What was the original purpose of this video back in 1969?

c If you had been alive in 1969, would you have watched the landing on the Moon? Yes/No, because

DID YOU KNOW?

Astronauts, cosmonauts and taikonauts are all terms for the same thing, someone who travels into space. ‘Naut’ comes from the Greek word for sailor. The most used is astronaut, meaning ‘star sailor’, and is mostly used for Americans and Europeans. Cosmonauts, meaning ‘universe sailor’, is used for Russians. Taikonaut means ‘space sailor’ and is used for Chinese people.

Check: reading about Apollo 11 Yes I think soNo Ik begrijp een informatieve Engelstalige tekst over ruimtevaart.

9 Reread this sentence from the text:

"Millions of people around the world watched their televisions as the astronauts were travelling toward the Moon.”

a Complete the statements.

1 The tense of verb number 1 is called the

2 The tense of verb number 2 is called the

b When do you use these tenses? Write the correct number in front of each statement.

This is an action at a certain time in the past that is completely over.

This is an action that was going on during a certain time in the past.

This is a longer action.

This is a shorter action. 1 2

10 Discover the past tenses.

a Do you remember how to use the past continuous? Scan the QR code to refresh your memory.

b Read the sentences.

1 Put the verbs between brackets in the past continuous

2 Match the pictures to each sentence.

1 While the astronauts (to walk) on the moon, many people (to watch) the landing live on television.

2 The astronauts (not, to fly) to Mars.

3 While Buzz Aldrin (to conduct) experiments, Neil Armstrong planted the American flag.

4 The astronauts (to experience) low gravity when they (to walk) on the Moon.

5 Who (to take) pictures on the Moon? Neil Armstrong was.

6 Mission Control (to monitor) the astronauts' health while they (to return) to earth.

7 While the spacecraft (to approach) the lunar surface, everyone on earth was glued to their televisions.

8 The Moon (to orbit) the Earth when the Eagle landed.

c Do you remember how to use the past simple and do you remember the difference with the past continuous? Scan the QR codes and watch the instruction videos to refresh your memory.

d Complete the text with the correct past tense

Animals in Space

In the early days of space exploration, scientists (to send) a variety of animals into space to study their behaviour and the effects of space travel on living organisms. One of the most famous animals to have been part of these missions (to be) Laika, a Soviet space dog.

Laika (to become) the first animal to orbit the Earth in 1957. As she (to rocket) into space, scientists (to monitor) her vital signs to understand how a living being (to react) to the challenges of space travel. Unfortunately, Laika (not, to survive) the journey, but her mission (to provide) valuable data for future human spaceflights.

Meanwhile, another significant mission (to take place) in the United States. In 1961, a chimpanzee named Ham (to be) trained for a space mission. As he (to perform) various tasks in space, scientists (to observe) his reactions carefully. Ham (to make) history by demonstrating that living beings could perform tasks in space, paving the way for human astronauts.

While these missions (to mark) important milestones in space exploration, they also (to spark) ethical discussions about the use of animals in scientific experiments. Today, thanks to the sacrifices of these brave animals, humans (to learn) valuable lessons that (to shape) the course of space exploration.

Do you want more practice? On diddit you can find extra practice materials.

Check: past continuous and past simple

Ik kan de ‘past continuous’ gebruiken in positieve, negatieve en vragende Engelstalige zinnen.

Ik kan de ‘past simple’ en de ‘past continuous’ invullen in een Engelstalige tekst.

11 Watch the clip.

a Describe the main idea of the clip in one sentence

Yes I think soNo

b What is the purpose of this clip? to give information to give an opinion to give instructions to entertain

c What is the name of the person who jumped?

d What distance did he jump from?

e Did he experience any problems? If so, which ones?

f What happens to your body if you start spinning very fast?

g Which world record did he achieve?

h What is a ‘G-wiz’?

i Why does the suit start flapping?

j Why does Redbull sponsor ideas like this?

12 Do you think that the sky is the limit?

a Read the following words before you read the text. Tick off the words you already know.

Words from the text

Words I understand before reading

Words I understand after reading an altitude an edge an observer a sound barrier

b Read the newspaper article from The Guardian

https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2014/oct/25/google-executive-alan-eustace-beats-felix-baumgartners-skydiving-record

Google executive Alan Eustace beats Felix Baumgartner's

skydiving record

Eustace jumps 130,000ft from edge of space, hitting 822mph, after a climb in a balloon

Google executive Alan Eustace has broken the sound barrier and set several skydiving records over the southern New Mexico desert after taking a big leap from the edge of space.

Eustace jumped from over 130,000ft in a specially designed spacesuit, beating the mark set by the Austrian Felix Baumgartner in 2012. Eustace hit a top speed of 822mph during a freefall that lasted four-and-a-half minutes.

The supersonic jump was part of a project by Paragon Space Development Corp, which has been working secretly for years to develop a self-contained commercial spacesuit that would allow people to explore some 20 miles above the Earth’s surface.

an executive: a manager of a company supersonic: faster than the speed of sound self-contained: working without help the stratosphere: a part of our atmosphere, between 10km and 50km above Earth

The technology that has gone into developing the balloon, the spacesuit and the other systems will be used to advance commercial spaceflight. As more people head into the stratosphere, the spacesuits could be adapted for emergency rescues or other scientific missions, officials said.

It took more than two hours to hit an altitude of 135,890 feet (41,419 metres), from which he separated himself from the balloon and started plummeting back to Earth. Jim Hayhurst, director of competition at the United States Parachute Association, was the jump’s official observer. He said Eustace activated a drogue parachute that gave him incredible stability and control despite the massive Mach 1.23 speed reached during the freefall.

Eustace did not feel it when he broke the sound barrier, but the ground crew certainly heard the resulting sonic boom, Hayhurst said. “He just said it was a fabulous view. He was thrilled,” Hayhurst said of his conversation with Eustace after he landed.

The supersonic skydive happened with little fanfare, out of the media spotlight, unlike the 2012 attempt by daredevil Baumgartner and the Red Bull Stratos team.

35 After nearly three years of intense planning, development and training, Eustace began his climb via a high-altitude, helium-filled balloon just as the sun was rising.

Baumgartner, who was taken up in a capsule with the help of millions of dollars in sponsorships, had set the previous altitude record by jumping from 128,100 feet (39,045 meters).

a drogue: a small parachute that pulls a larger one from its bag

Adapted from: © Guardian News & Media Ltd 2024

c Where can you find this text? in a book in a newspaper on a website in a magazine

d What is the main idea of the text?

e True or false. Correct the false statements.

1 Alan Eustace jumped from an altitude of 130,000ft.

2 Alan Eustace reached a top speed of 822mph during his freefall.

3 Alan Eustace's climb started just as the sun was setting.

4 A drogue parachute provided stability and control during Alan Eustace's freefall.

5 Alan Eustace did not hear the sonic boom when he broke the sound barrier during his jump.

6 Alan Eustace’s skydiving attempt received more media attention and sponsorship than Felix Baumgartner’s jump.

f Some words in the text look like Dutch words. What do they mean?

English words

fanfare

freefall

stability

supersonic

Dutch words

Other languages

g Do you know the words in another language? Write them down and complete the grid.

Check: reading about skydiving Yes I think soNo

Ik begrijp een Engelstalig videofragment over skydiven.

Ik begrijp een Engelstalige tekst over skydiven.

13 Space: the final frontier. Watch the video.

a Does this look easy to you? Why (not)?

b Have a look online and find out how many people have been to space.

people in space

men in space women in space

c Why do you think there is such an imbalance between the number of men and women that have been to space?

d Do you think this will change in the future? Yes, I do. No, I don’t. Because

e Do you think there are physical differences between men and women that complicate going to outer space? Explain.

f Look at the following image. Are the statements true or false? Correct the false ones. Search the internet for things you don’t understand or use an online dictionary.

Female astronauts suffer less from hearing loss with advancing age.

Male astronauts exhibit clinically significant visual impairment.

Female astronauts are more sensitive to orthostatic intolerance.

Urinary track infections are less common in male astronauts.

1 Men suffer more from hearing loss than women.

2 Women suffer more from losing their sight.

3 Women suffer more from problems with standing upright.

4 Women suffer more from urinary track infections.

Adapted from: ‘Gender differences diagram from NSBRI/NASA’ © NASA

DID YOU KNOW?

Astronauts experience microgravity. This means that the gravity of the earth is extremely small. The result is that when they drop an object in space it doesn’t look like it’s falling because the person dropping it is falling too. But they’re not falling towards Earth, they’re falling around it (in orbit).

Check: Space, the final frontier

Ik kan aan de hand van een informatieve afbeelding vragen beantwoorden.

Checklist: learning about space

Wat kan ik al?

Yes I think soNo

Wat lukt nog niet goed? Wat moet ik doen om dat onderdeel beter te kunnen?

2 Learning about space culture

1 Watch the clip.

a Describe the main idea of the clip in one sentence

b What is the purpose of this clip? to give information to give an opinion to give instructions to entertain

c What do we call this type of clip?

d What franchise is made fun of?

e What is the name of the villain?

f Who made this video?

2 Look at the sentences.

To infinity … and beyond!

Beam me up, Scotty!

Warp speed ahead!

a What do all these sentences have in common?

b When do you use an exclamation mark?

It’s a trap!

Great Scott!

That’s not a moon! That’s a space station!

How to form an exclamatory sentence?

GRAMMAR

An exclamatory sentence expresses a sudden emotion like fear, anger, excitement, etc. We can recognise this by the use of the exclamation mark (!).

1 Exclamatory in meaning

The sentences’ meaning makes clear that there is a burst of emotion. e.g. Wow! What an awesome car!

2 Exclamatory in form

• With what e.g. What a gorgeous dress!

Rule: What + adjective + noun + !

• With how e.g. How beautiful she looks!

Rule: How + adjective/adverb + subject + main verb + !

3 Match the beginnings with their corresponding endings to make correct exclamatory sentences.

What a stunning 1 We won the championship! A

What a powerful 4 you solved that puzzle! D Phew! 3 performance! C How cleverly 2 I finally found my lost wallet. B

Hurrah! 5 display of nature! E

4 Write an exclamatory sentence for the following situations.

1 You’re crossing the road when a car approaches that doesn’t seem to slow down.

2 Your favourite Netflix series just announced a new season.

3 You take a bite of your pizza and it’s extremely hot.

4 A child is eating an ice cream and the scoop falls off.

5 Your new phone was just delivered. personal answer: e.g. Wow! That was a close one!

5 Look at the images and write exclamatory sentences.

Check: Exclamatory sentences

Yes I think soNo Ik kan gebruik maken van Engelstalige uitroepende zinnen.

6 Read the newspaper article from The Mirror.

A third of Brits believe in aliens –but one in five would be 'terrified' to encounter one

However, one in three would feel intrigued to encounter extraterrestrial life – and more than four in ten would try to communicate with aliens if they ever landed on Earth.

By Andrew Young,

25 Oct 2023

A third of Brits believe aliens exist (34%) – but one in five admit they would be terrified if they were to ever encounter one, research has found. However, one in three admit they would be intrigued, and 42% say they would try to communicate with extraterrestrial life forms, if they ever landed on Planet Earth.

The survey of 2,000 adults also found that more than a third (37%) like the idea that aliens might exist, whether or not they actually believe it. And 15% say they have met a person who claims to have seen an alien in real life.

The research was commissioned by Beavertown Brewery, which has also created a huge, UFO-type pattern on Broadhaven Beach in Pembrokeshire, Wales – one of the UK's most renowned UFO hotspots. to intrigue: to make someone interested to commission: to do a task for someone

Drawn into the sand, the mysterious markings have surprised locals and visitors alike, just in time for Halloween – thanks to an ancient hieroglyphic style, and cryptic message spanning the shoreline.

The display showcases a six metre-wide skull at the centre, and contains a central cipher code written by Dr Jonathan Melville from MIT, which is waiting to be solved. Dr Jonathan Melville said: “Many ancient cultures used circular symbols – like Norse runic circles and Hindu mandalas – but some elements in this design are historically out of place, and prove to be more modern.”

“The ancient Celts had no knowledge of modern computer structures, or telegraph codes, nor did they require it – which is why this design almost seems as if its creation has a non-human origin.”

“This code is created for those who possess a deep curiosity and urge to uncover extraterrestrial messages – only the truly intrepid would have the courage to decode its secret meaning.”

The study, via OnePoll, also found that, compared to other unproven beliefs, people have expressed greater certainty in the existence of extraterrestrial life than they have in ghosts (29%), or even heaven (28%).

Reasons for believing in alien existence include 86% thinking the universe is so big that there must be other life forms – while a quarter based their views on news stories. However, it also emerged that 56% of adults think it's likely that the government is hiding the fact that aliens exist.

Beavertown Brewery has also teamed up with Black Dog Films' Alice Bloomfield to launch Flightmare – an animated short film and graphic novel, inspired by strange happenings in the Bermuda Triangle.

vastness: large in size flawlessly: without mistakes surface: the top or outside of something tranquillity: quiet and peaceful

Tom Rainsford, at Beavertown Brewery, said: “Pop on the TV or check your socials, and it seems everyone is talking about aliens and UFOs.”

“Therefore, it’s not surprising that almost half of the UK say they’d try and communicate with an alien if they ever came across one. Just imagine the questions you’d want to ask.”

“We are big fans of all things extraterrestrial – so, to celebrate Halloween, and the launch of our new short film and graphic novel, we thought what better way than to try to see what’s really out there than with a unique, extraterrestrial sand message.”

Source: The Mirror, Andrew Young

a cipher: a secret way of writing intrepid: very brave

a What percentage of Brits believe in the existence of aliens according to the research?

b Why do some people believe in the existence of aliens?

c Why did Beavertown Brewery create a UFO-type pattern on the beach in Pembrokeshire?

d True or false. Correct the false statements.

1 One in five Brits would be intrigued to encounter an alien.

2 Beavertown Brewery has created a UFO-type pattern on Broadhaven Beach.

3 More people in the survey expressed certainty in the existence of aliens than in the existence of ghosts.

4 The text suggests that the belief in aliens is related to the size of the universe.

5 The majority of adults believe that the government is hiding the fact that aliens exist.

6 The survey mentioned in the text was conducted by the government.

e Match the titles with the correct pie chart. Choose from the box.

communicate with aliens – fear of encountering aliens – people that believe in ghosts –people that believe in alien existence – people that believe the government is hiding the fact of alien existence – people who met someone who claims to have seen an alien

Check: Encountering aliens

Ik kan informatie halen uit een Engelstalige tekst over 'aliens'.

How to listen to/watch a longer audio/video fragment?

Yes I think soNo

STRATEGY

A listening/watching strategy helps you to focus on how to process something you’re watching or listening to.

STEP 1: CONTEXT

Find out what the context is.

STEP 2: PREPARE

Read all questions. Make sure to know what you're listening or watching for.

STEP 3: STRATEGY

Choose a correct strategy.

a Explorative listening/watching (always the first time you hear/watch a clip)

• Work out what the clip is about.

• Listen/watch to get a general impression about theme, duration …

• Listen/watch to find out the purpose of the clip.

b Global listening/watching

• Work out the main idea and the structure of the clip.

c Intensive listening/watching

• Identify the content that you need to explain.

• Try to visualise the structure of the clip.

Check: Encountering aliens

d Deep listening/watching

Yes I think soNo

Ik kan informatie halen uit een Engelstalige tekst over aliens.

• Find the answers to specific questions.

• Focus specifically on the information you need.

• Make notes of the essential words.

e Critical listening/watching

• Listen/watch to decide if you agree with the subject or not.

• Listen/watch to find arguments that help you form a clear opinion.

f Joyful listening/watching

• Listen/watch and try to enjoy.

• Think about why you liked or disliked the fragment.

7 Watch the clip.

a Describe the main idea of the clip in one sentence

b What is the main purpose of this clip? to give information to give an opinion to give instructions to entertain

c Is there another purpose?

d Since what year has Doctor Who been on television?

e What species is the Doctor?

f What planet is the Doctor from?

g The Doctor is not violent, so how does he defeat enemies?

h What happened to the planet Galifrey?

i How is a Time Lord’s body different to that of a human? 1 2

j What is special about the Tardis?

k What does the name of his time machine stand for?

Check: Doctor Who Yes I think soNo

Ik begrijp een Engelstalig videofragment over Doctor Who

Checklist: Learning about space culture

Wat kan ik al?

Wat lukt nog niet goed? Wat moet ik doen om dat onderdeel beter te kunnen?

TIME TO CHECK YOURSELF

1 Match the words to the correct description.

1 a sophisticated vehicle designed for travel or exploration in outer space

2 a test you do to expand your knowledge about a certain topic

3 non-functional, human-made objects in space

4 an outer-space object made of ice and dust, that develops a glowing tail

5 a visually stunning moment when the sun appears above the horizon

6 an activity where astronauts go outside a spacecraft or station to perform tasks

7 something exceptional, remarkable

8 an optical instrument for observing distant objects

ex. 1

Ik kan in het Engels woorden gebruiken rond ruimte. Yes I think soNo

Time to catch up? ex. 1

Time to get ahead? ex. 6

2 Put the sentences in the past continuous.

1 They (to do) a spacewalk an hour ago.

2 Michael Jackson (to moonwalk) in Billie Jean

3 Last night, I (to watch) the Northern lights.

4 Last week, he (to complain) about the noise. Yesterday, he bought earplugs.

5 Last year, it (not, to snow) on Christmas Eve.

6 Why (he, to sleep) on a Monday afternoon?

7 I (to cook) while he (to mow) the lawn.

ex. 2

Ik kan in het Engels de ‘past continuous’ gebruiken. Yes I think soNo

Time to catch up? ex. 2 and ex. 3

Time to get ahead? ex. 7

3 Fill in the sentence with the appropriate verb. Put the verbs in the past simple or the past continuous. to break – to drive – to film – to hit – to land (2x) – to pick – to put – to sit – to watch

1 I in a café when the meteor the building.

2 When Buz Aldrin his feet on the Moon, Neil Armstrong him.

3 My father live when the Eagle on the moon.

4 While home, I saw a man who ran into the road and fell: a passer-by him up

5 Felix Baumgartner almost his ankle while he .

ex. 3 Ik kan in het Engels de ‘past simple’ in combinatie met de ‘past continuous’ gebruiken. Yes I think soNo

4 Put the sentences in the correct order.

1 surprise – nice – a – What – !

2 lamb – little – that – cute – How – is – !

3 car – my – ! – hit – You – it – can't – believe – I – !

4 jerk – a – What – !

5 sunrise – beautiful – a – What – !

Time to catch up? ex. 4 Time to get ahead? ex. 8 ex. 4 Ik kan in het Engels uitroepende zinnen gebruiken. Yes I think soNo

Time to catch up? ex. 5

6 restaurant – this – nice – How – is – ! Ready? Tick off the exercises you have to do on page 82-87.

Time to get ahead? ex. 9

TIME TO PRACTISE

time to catch up

1 Match the words about space to their right descriptions. curiosity 1 something with a hidden meaning A cryptic 5 connected with life outside planet Earth

a UFO 3 Unidentified Flying Object

extraterrestrial 4 to find the meaning of something

Score ex. 1 < 3 >/= 3

Well done!

2 Match the pictures to the correct sentences.

I was painting the kitchen on Monday morning. Last month, I was laying on a beach in Spain. Yesterday, I was cleaning the toilet. This morning, I was watching television. Last weekend, I was playing with the kids.

Score ex. 2 < 3 >/= 3

Well done!

3 Put the verbs between brackets in the past continuous.

1 I couldn't join the call because I (to work) on a project.

2 While we (to have) dinner, father (not, to do) the dishes.

3 She (to think) about work on her way home.

4 The kids (not, to play) in the yard: they (to play) on the PlayStation.

5 We saw them at the park. They (to sit) on the bench and (to chat).

6 As I entered the room, he (to read) a book by the window.

7 While I (to wait) for the bus, I met an old friend.

8 The teacher noticed that some students (to talk) during the exam.

9 Last night, the neighbours (to listen) to loud music until midnight.

10 Were you at the party when they (to dance)?

Score ex. 3 < 9 >/= 9

Well done!

4 Higlight the correct answer.

1 We watched / were watching Star Trek when someone was ringing / rang our doorbell.

2 The teacher sang / was singing a song when the headmaster knocked / was knocking on the door.

3 Luke saw / was seeing a stormtrooper when he was scanning / scanned the horizon.

4 The Death Star blew up/ was blowing up while Luke was flying/ flew away.

5 Doctor Who fell / was falling while he ran / was running away from the Cybermen.

Score ex. 4 < 7 >/= 7 Well done!

5 Match the exclamation sentence to the right picture. Score

7 Fill in the gaps, put the verbs in the correct past simple or past continuous tense.

1 While I (to watch) TV, the phone (to ring).

2 Yesterday, she (to read) a book when the power (to go).

3 When the teacher (to enter) the classroom, the students (to talk).

4 While they (to have) dinner, the neighbours (to play) loud music.

5 Last night, I (to work) on my project when my friend (to call).

6 While he (to study) for the exam, his sister (to cook) dinner.

7 They (to walk) in the park when it suddenly (to start) raining.

8 Yesterday, my parents (to visit) friends while I (to stay) at home.

9 As I (to walk) to the store, I (to see) an old friend.

10 While the kids (to play) outside, their parents (to prepare) dinner.

8 Fill in the gaps, put the verbs in the correct past simple or past continuous tense. Choose from the box. to be (5x) – to become – to believe – to claim – to circulate – to do – to fake – to give –not, to happen – to highlight – to hint – to kick up – to land – to place – to stage – to walk –to watch – to wave

In July of 1969, the world as astronauts Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and Michael Collins on the moon. But they? While this literally a huge step for mankind, many people that Nasa the landing, and everything in a big studio. The theory popular in the 1970’s and a couple of decades later in 1999, 30 percent of Americans sceptical about the moon landing.

Those who are believers of the idea that the moon landing a hoax state many reasons as proof that it

The most widely known piece of evidence is the fact that the flag on the moon by the astronauts in the footage taken by the astronauts.

A second argument is the fact that there not a single star in any of the pictures taken when the astronauts on the landing site.

Conspiracy theories in various circles. Some researchers that anomalies in the audio recordings at someone on the side who subtle instructions for the astronauts. Others inconsistencies in the behaviour of dust particles by the lunar module during take off, suggesting that the footage fake.

Adapted from: u.osu.edu, Emily Koch

9 Complete the exclamatory sentences with ‘what’ or ‘how’.

1 fine necklaces!

2 exciting the flight was!

3 a breath-taking view!

4 pretty she is!

5 a delicious pudding!

6 a funny story!

7 smooth the sea was yesterday!

8 smart dresses!

YOUR TIME

1 Your best friends just told you that they don’t believe in aliens. Watch the video and think about some arguments to defend your point of view. Use exclamatory sentences, and have a look at the strategy on how to come up with strong arguments. Pair up with a classmate, and discuss your point of view.

e.g.

Of course aliens exist! How do you explain all UFO sightings over the years?

How to build a strong argument?

1 Introduction

STRATEGY

Present the issue and explain why it is important. e.g. Next year, we’ll have the choice between a real school and a virtual school. That’s a very big decision to make since it will affect all of our lives.

2 Proposition

Make your claim: explain your point of view on the issue. Tip: keep it simple and clear. Focus on the most powerful idea or reason. e.g. Instead of giving 20 reasons why virtual schools are not a good idea, give them one good reason, for example: real life social contacts will make you happier than virtual contacts.

3 Proof

Give your audience evidence that supports your claim. Evidence can be numerical data, similar past events, testimonies, examples …

• Use evidence that your audience will believe. The most logical things are the easiest to believe.

• Use proof from reliable sources. There are more reliable websites than Wikipedia.

• Be specific when you give examples. The facts become clearer when you can link them to specific situations.

4 Anticipate counterarguments

Think about possible counterclaims that contradict your point of view. Try to find a response to those claims.

• Don’t assume you’re right just because you share the popular opinion. Remember that the people of the world used to believe the earth was flat.

• Be fair to your opponent: represent their argument honestly. This shows that you fully understand the issue. Your audience will take you seriously as a result.

5 Conclusion

Summarise your argument and your primary evidence. Tip: appeal to your audience’s emotions or values to help your argument.

2 Watch the video fragment.

a Describe the main idea of the video in one sentence

b What is the main purpose of this video?

c Why does Obama reflect on his past in the beginning of his speech?

d Why would he do that?

e How does he fill the body (the middle part), of his speech?

f Name three techniques Obama uses. 1 2 3

g What can you say about Obama's body language?

3 Create a speech in which you defend why the ISS (International Space Station) should remain in orbit. Read the strategy box on how to write a speech. My speech should be between and minutes.

How to write a speech?

Aim

1 Who are you speaking to and what message do you want to deliver?

STRATEGY

• Think about your purpose. Are you informing, persuading, entertaining or instructing?

Prepare

2 What do you want to say?

• Collect information and make a list of what you want to say.

• Structure information into an intro, body, and conclusion.

• Use images only for clarity or to strengthen your point. (images can also be used to speak to someone’s emotions)

Do

3 Interact effectively:

• Use humour and interaction to keep the listeners interested.

4 Practise and polish:

• Practise your speech to master difficult words.

• Ask for someone’s feedback.

5 Confidence and time management:

• Ensure the speech fits the time given.

• Practise to build confidence and fluency.

4 Watch the video clip.

a Describe the main idea of the video clip in one sentence

b What is the purpose of this video clip? Tick off the correct answer(s). to give information to give an opinion to give instructions to entertain to persuade

c What do we call this type of video clip?

d Fill in the application form for the Mars One Mission.

Application Form

Note: Please read the instructions and provide accurate information. Incomplete or false information may result in disqualification.

1 Full Name: First Name: Middle Name: Last Name:

2 Date of Birth: / / 3 Nationality:

4 Gender:  Male  Female  Non-binary  Prefer not to say

5 Contact Information: Email Address: Phone Number:

6 Educational Background: Highest Level of Education:

 High School

 Bachelor's Degree

 Master's Degree

 Ph.D. Field of Study:

7 Motivation and Commitment:

a Why do you want to be part of the Mars One Mission?

b Describe any experiences that demonstrate your ability to work effectively in a team.

c How do you handle stressful situations?

8 Technical Skills:

Please list any technical skills or qualifications relevant to the Mars One Mission:

I, , declare that the information provided in this application form is true and accurate to the best of my knowledge. I understand that any false information may result in disqualification from the Mars One Mission.

Signature: Date: / /

Submission Instructions:

Please email the completed application form to applicants@marsone.com. Ready for take-off? Buckle up!

e Create a video application that explains why you should be chosen to go on the Mars One mission. Use the strategy box.

How to make a video application?

Aim

1 Who are you speaking to and what message do you want to deliver?

STRATEGY

• Think about your purpose. Are you informing, persuading, entertaining or instructing?

Prepare

2 What do you want to say?

• Write a script: use your application form to write a script.

• Clearly state your name and general background.

• Highlight your motivation, relevant skills, and unique qualities.

Do

3 Practice and polish

• Practise your speech to master difficult words.

• Ask for someone’s feedback.

4 Ready, set, action

• Record your video. You can do this as many times as you need.

• Use video editing tools to improve the video, and to create a final product.

5 Upload

• Upload the video.

Checklist: your time

Ik kan discussiëren in het Engels met uitroepende zinnen.

Ik kan een Engelstalige speech schrijven om mijn mening te beargumenteren.

Ik kan een Engelstalige sollicitatievideo maken.

Wat kan ik al?

Wat lukt nog niet goed? Wat moet ik doen om dat onderdeel beter te kunnen?

SUMMARY

1 SPACE

an alien een buitenaards wezen

a comet een komeet

a shuttle een shuttle

a spacesuit een ruimtepak

to take off vertrekken

©VANIN

a spacecraft - spaceship een ruimteschip

a spacewalk een ruimtewandeling

a telescope een telescoop

a satellite een satelliet

a space station een ruimtestation

a sunrise - a sunset een zonsopgangeen zonsondergang

the Sun - a star de zon - een ster

Mercury Mercurius

Venus Venus

Earth Aarde

Words Translation My notes an astronauteen astronaut extraordinarybuitengewoon a journey een reis to orbit in een baan draaien om research onderzoek a space agencyeen ruimtevaartorganisatie space junkruimteafval

2 SPACE CULTURE

Words Translation My notes curiosity nieuwsgierigheid cryptic cryptisch/met een verborgen betekenis to decode ontcijferen extraterrestrialbuitenaards UFO/Unidentified Flying Object ufo

Mars Mars Jupiter Jupiter Saturn Saturnus

Uranus Uranus

Neptune Neptunus

the Moon de maan

HOW TO form an exclamatory sentence?

An exclamatory sentence expresses a sudden emotion like fear, anger, excitement, etc. We can recognise this by the use of the exclamation mark (!).

1 Exclamatory in meaning

The sentences’ meaning makes clear that there is a burst of emotion. e.g. Wow! What an awesome car!

2 Exclamatory in form

• With what

e.g. What a gorgeous dress!

Rule: What + adjective + noun + !

• With how

e.g. How beautiful she looks!

Rule: How + adjective/adverb + subject + main verb + !

HOW TO listen to/watch a longer audio/video fragment?

A listening/watching strategy helps you to focus on how to process something you’re watching or listening to.

STEP 1: CONTEXT

Find out what the context is.

STEP 3: STRATEGY

Choose a correct strategy.

STEP 2: PREPARE

Read all questions. Make sure to know what you're listening or watching for.

a Explorative listening/watching (always the first time you hear a clip)

• Work out what the clip is about.

• Listen/watch to get a general impression about theme, duration …

• Listen/watch to find out the purpose of the clip.

b Global listening/watching

• Work out the main idea and the structure of the clip.

c Intensive listening/watching

• Identify the content that you need to explain.

• Try to visualise the structure of the clip.

d Deep listening/watching

• Find the answers to specific questions.

• Focus specifically on the information you need.

• Make notes of the essential words.

e Critical listening/watching

• Listen/watch to decide if you agree with the subject or not.

• Listen/watch to find arguments that help you form a clear opinion.

f Joyful listening/watching

• Listen/watch and try to enjoy.

• Think about why you liked or disliked the fragment.

HOW TO build a strong argument?

1 Introduction

Present the issue and explain why it is important. e.g. Next year, we’ll have the choice between a real school and a virtual school. That’s a very big decision to make since it will affect all of our lives.

2 Proposition

Make your claim: explain your point of view on the issue. Tip: keep it simple and clear. Focus on the most powerful idea or reason. e.g. Instead of giving 20 reasons why virtual schools are not a good idea, give them one good reason, for example: real life social contacts will make you happier than virtual contacts.

3 Proof

Give your audience evidence that supports your claim. Evidence can be numerical data, similar past events, testimonies, examples …

• Use evidence that your audience will believe. The most logical things are the easiest to believe.

• Use proof from reliable sources. There are more reliable websites than Wikipedia.

• Be specific when you give examples. The facts become clearer when you can link them to specific situations.

4 Anticipate counterarguments

Think about possible counterclaims that contradict your point of view. Try to find a response to those claims.

• Don’t assume you’re right just because you share the popular opinion. Remember that the people of the world used to believe the earth was flat.

• Be fair to your opponent: represent their argument honestly. This shows that you fully understand the issue. Your audience will take you seriously as a result.

5 Conclusion

Summarise your argument and your primary evidence. Tip: appeal to your audience’s emotions or values to help your argument.

HOW TO write a speech?

AIM

1 Who are you speaking to and what message do you want to deliver?

• Think about your purpose

Are you informing, persuading, entertaining or instructing?

DO

3 Interact effectively:

PREPARE

2 What do you want to say?

• Collect information and make a list of what you want to say.

• Structure information into an intro, body, and conclusion.

• Use images only for clarity or to strengthen your point. (images can also be used to speak to someone’s emotions)

• Use humour and interaction to keep the listeners interested.

4 Practise and polish:

• Practise your speech to master difficult words.

• Ask for someone’s feedback.

5 Confidence and time management:

• Ensure the speech fits the time given.

• Practise to build confidence and fluency.

HOW TO make a video application?

AIM

1 Who are you speaking to and what message do you want to deliver?

• Think about your purpose

Are you informing, persuading, entertaining or instructing?

DO

3 Practice and polish:

PREPARE

2 What do you want to say?

• Write a script: use your application form to write a script

• Clearly state your name and general background.

• Highlights your motivation, relevant skills, and unique qualities.

• Practise your speech to master difficult words.

• Ask for someone’s feedback.

4 Ready, set, action:

• Record your video. You can do this as many times as you need.

• Use video editing tools to improve the video, and to create a final product.

5 Upload

• Upload the video.

UNIT 3: JUST DO IT

time p. 101 time to check yourself p. 126 write write (a question) write (an answer) once upon a time p. 100

Learning about advertising p. 101 Time to catch up p. 129 Time to get ahead p. 133 your time p. 138

Learning about (online) marketing p. 114

markeer de instructietaal in het hoofdstuk. wat betekenen de woorden? bespreek. highlight tick off look circle match complete describe fill in

talk about

ask (a question) answer (a question) read listen watch

ONCE

UPON A TIME

1 What do you see in the picture?

2 Which words that are related to the picture do you already know?

3 Watch the video. What do you want to learn about in this unit?

1 Read the newspaper article from CNN.

https://edition.cnn.com/2022/02/14/perspectives/super-bowl-ads-2022

What the Super Bowl ads tell us about the current state of America

Opinion by Tim Calkins for CNN Business Perspectives Published 1:37 PM EST, Mon February 14, 2022

The Super Bowl is the biggest single advertising event of the year. Companies line up to spend millions of dollars buying commercial time during the game, and they spend months working on the ads, looking at consumers, and testing different creative ideas.

But unlike most advertising these days, Super Bowl ads are designed to appeal to a broad audience. With about 100 million people watching the game, this is not the place for messages that will connect with a small group of people. Super Bowl ads need to be about wider social, cultural and economic trends

So what do this year’s ads tell us about the state of the country?

One clear thing: Americans are tired of the pandemic, and are looking forward to brighter days ahead.

As a result, the tone of this year’s Super Bowl ads was very positive. Most years, the Super Bowl is a mix of funny, cheerful spots and more serious, emotional advertising For every funny Bud Light spot, there is always a more serious ad, like Google’s wistful Loretta spot in 2020, or Airbnb’s We Accept ad from 2017. This year, the tone was very positive. Only a few advertisers tried anything serious, like Salesforce, and Google, and even these had a positive tone. This suggests that the more emotional and serious messages simply aren’t working this year. After two years of a pandemic, people need positive messages and encouragement

to be designed to: to be made to wistful: sad to suggest: to mean encouragement: moral support

A scene from Pringles' 2022 Super Bowl ad - Pringles U.S. @PringlesUS

At the same time, there was almost no mention of the pandemic, aside from an ad from testing company Cue. There were no masks and no reminders to get a booster There weren’t even subtle references to it.

This year, social gatherings dominated the commercials. Irish Spring featured a somewhat strange gathering of nice-smelling people on an island. Pringles’ ad showed parties and a wedding. Lay’s used the wedding theme as well.

Travel advertisers vanished last year as many Americans were still staying home, but they were back this year. The return of travel companies’ ads during the Super Bowl, such as Turkish Airlines and Booking.com, are another indication that advertisers believe people are done staying home, and are ready to hit the road.

There were also a lot of ads for two technologies (crypto and electric vehicles) which are transforming the country and becoming more widely accepted. The Super Bowl advertising this year indicates that people are looking ahead and ready for brighter days. To be remembered today, don’t talk about the past two years. Focus on what’s ahead instead.

a mention: a reference to something or someone a booster: the shot you get against a virus a reference: to mention something to vanish: to disappear to indicate: to show

from:

a What kind of text is this? a folder an article in a printed magazine an online article

b Why did you choose this option?

c Describe in one sentence the main idea of the text.

d How does the text say:

1 something that is made for a lot of people: (paragraph 2)

2 the future is looking better than the past: (paragraph 3)

3 people coming together: (paragraph 6)

e Can you explain in your own words what a ‘trend’ (see paragraph 2) is?

f Which two new technologies are transforming the world of advertisement these days?

Adapted

CNN Business Perspectives via PARS, Tim Calkins

g What are current trends? Discuss with your classmates.

h Are trends different in America compared to other countries in the world? Explain.

i Watch the Loretta commercial.

1 Which brand is this commercial for?

2 Tick off the correct answer. This advertisement is: funny emotional

3 Describe in one sentence what the commercial is about.

4 Circle how this commercial makes you feel.

afraid – angry – disappointed – emotional – excited – happy – sad – shocked

j Watch the Pringles commercial from the Super Bowl.

1 Tick off the correct answer(s). This advertisement is: funny emotional

2 Describe in one sentence what the commercial is about.

3 Is this situation realistic?

4 Why do you think Pringles adds these absurd elements to their advertisement? Discuss in class.

5 Circle how this commercial makes you feel.

afraid – angry – disappointed – emotional – excited – happy – sad – shocked

k Why were the commercials more positive/cheerful in 2022?

l In 2021 there were no commercials from travel companies but in 2022 they were back. How can you link this to the pandemic?

m Which two examples of travel agencies were given in the text? one hundred and three

n Look at this image and answer the questions.

1 What do you see in the picture?

2 What does this mean?

3 Do they want to sell a product? yes no

4 What’s the goal of this advertisement?

o Answer these questions in a short text of at least 3 sentences.

1 What is your favourite running advertisement?

2 Why is it memorable?

3 How does it make you feel? Use the emotions you learned in questions i and j.

DID YOU KNOW?

The pronunciation of advertisement is different in American and British English. Go to diddit and listen to the difference.

Check: reading Yes I think soNo

Ik kan vragen beantwoorden bij een Engelstalig artikel over reclames.

Ik kan in het Engels mijn mening geven over een reclame.

2 Match the underlined words or expressions from the text of exercise 1 to their correct meaning.

a person who uses a product or service

to link something to something else

something that is linked to selling or buying goods

to overpower something

something that happens

to promote a product, service, brand or event

the way in which something is said

someone (or a company) who makes advertisements

3 Look at the interactive picture and discover the words related to advertising. Listen to the pronunciation and check the spelling.

4 Complete the sentences with a word about advertising. Choose from the box. to appeal – cultural – economic – an idea – a pandemic – social – subtle – a trend

1 He thinks that the girl is very attractive. She to him.

2 I went to this beautiful museum yesterday. This was definitely my highlight of the year!

3 The made a lot of people sick all over the world, and a lot of people died.

4 The Belgian minister of finance knows a lot about structures.

5 I have an amazing : what if we start selling sandwiches at school? I think we would earn a lot of money!

6 I just don’t understand this new where everyone wears baggy trousers.

7 If you make a small, change to your outfit, I think you’d look beautiful.

8 I really don’t have a lot of skills … I’m very bad at talking to people I don’t know.

5 Complete this text with the correct words linked to advertising.

Advertiser’s extravaganza

©VANIN

Are you tired of the same old routine? Do you crave excitement and joy in your life? Well, look no further! Introducing the most thrilling, heart-pounding event of the year – the Advertiser's Extravaganza!

Picture this: an amazing spectacle where c , big and small, come together to showcase their wildest and most ingenious c . It's not just an e ; it's a c phenomenon that will leave you on the edge of your seat, both excited and happy!

Our a are like maestros, conducting the symphony of consumer delight. Watch as they transform everyday p into must-haves, leaving you amazed by their creativity. You'll be so thrilled, you might just break into a h dance!

But beware, not all ads are created equal. Some might make you laugh, others might make you a bit a , but one thing's for sure – you won't be able to look away. It's a s gathering where emotions run high, and the commercials are hotter than ever.

Ik ken in het Engels woordenschat rond reclame.

6 Look at this sentence from the text about the Super Bowl and answer the questions.

Companies line up to spend millions of dollars buying commercial time during the game, and they spend months working on the ads, looking at consumers, and testing different creative ideas.

a Split this sentence into two correct sentences. 1 2

b Which word stands between these two sentences?

c Is this a sentence with coordination or subordination?

7 Do you remember what coordination and subordination are? Check the grammar box in the summary to refresh your memory. See p. 52

So, mark your calendars and get ready to be swept off your feet by the magic of advertising. The Advertiser's Extravaganza – where excitement meets commerce, and joy meets the consumer in a cultural celebration like no other! Don't miss out on the fun – be there or be square! one hundred and seven

8 Now look at this sentence from the text.

This is not the place for messages that will connect with a small group of people.

a Is it possible to split this sentence into two correct sentences?

b Is this a sentence with coordination or subordination?

c What word links the two sentences?

d We call this word a relative pronoun. The most important relative pronouns are ‘who, which and that’. Look at the grammar box below to discover more about relative pronouns

How to use relative pronouns?

Notice: WHO is for people, WHICH is for things

There are two kinds of relative clauses. Does the relative clause give information about the subject that is essential to form a good sentence? Yes

Examples:

• Madonna is the famous singer who did an amazing halftime show at the Super Bowl in 2012.

• This is the house which Snoop Dogg built.

• The cell phone which rang in class was mine.

In this kind of relative clause, we can use that instead of who or which:

• Madonna is the famous singer that did an amazing halftime show at the Super Bowl in 2012.

• This is the house that Snoop Dogg built.

• The cell phone that rang in class was mine.

Source: learnenglish.britishcouncil.org

Examples:

• Madonna, who is now 65 years old, just came out of a coma.

• We had spaghetti last night, which I always enjoy a lot!

• I met Keith in town yesterday, which was a nice surprise.

With this kind of relative clause, we use commas (,) to separate it from the rest of the sentence.

Be careful! In this kind of relative clause, we cannot use that

e Have another look at the sentence from the text. Is this an example of the first or the second use of a relative clause? Tick off the correct answer.

This is not the place for messages that will connect with a small group of people.

It gives information about the subject that cannot be left out. It gives extra information about the subject that can be left out.

f Look at another sentence from the text and answer the same question.

There were also a lot of ads for two technologies (crypto and electric vehicles) which are transforming the country and becoming more widely accepted.

It adds essential information to the sentence that cannot be left out. It gives extra information about the subject that can be left out.

g Fill in the correct relative pronoun and tick off if the relative clause is of the first kind (essential information about the subject) or of the second kind (extra information about the subject).

1: essential 2: extra information information

1 The quarterback threw the gamewinning touchdown pass is a rising star in the league.

2 The football team won the championship last year is known for their strong defense.

3 This offensive lineman, blocked the defender effectively, received praise from the coach.

4 The stadium hosted the Super Bowl last season has state-of-the-art facilities.

5 The wide receiver caught the long pass is known for his incredible speed.

6 The coach leads the team to victory is highly respected by the players.

7 The trophy, is awarded to the Super Bowl champions, is made of solid gold.

8 The cheerleaders, perform during halftime shows, are an essential part of the game-day experience.

9 The running back, scored three touchdowns in the last game, is a fan favourite.

10 The referee, made a bad call during the game, explained the decision to the coaches.

Check: relative pronouns Yes I think soNo

Ik ken de betrekkelijke voornaamwoorden en kan deze herkennen in een zin.

Ik ken de 2 soorten betrekkelijke voornaamwoorden en kan deze zelf toepassen in een zin. one hundred and nine

9 Slogans and logos

a Match the famous brands to their logos

b Nike even has a name for their logo. Do you know what it’s called?

Nike

Red Bull

Coca Cola McDonald’s

L’Oréal Subway

Skittles

KFC

Ebay Apple

c Now match the brands to the slogans.

Nike 1 I’m Lovin’ it A

Red Bull 5

Coca Cola 4 Buy it, Sell it, Love it D Apple 3 Finger lickin’ good C McDonald’s 2 Taste the rainbow B L’Oréal 6

Subway 10 Skittles 9 KFC 8 Ebay 7

Because you’re worth it E

Eat fresh F

Taste the feeling J Gives you wings I Think different H Just do it G

12345678910

d Look at the underlined parts of the slogans.

1 What form of the verb are these? Tick off the correct answer. the infinitive the past simple the imperative

2 When do you use this form?

e Look at the video and answer the questions.

1 Turn this sentence into an imperative: ‘You can feel Chris Hemsworth’s sweat’ Chris Hemsworth’s sweat.

2 Look at this screenshot from the video. What is the imperative in this sentence? The imperative in this sentence is

3 What do you think about this kind of advertising? Discuss in class.

f Why is an imperative a good verb form to use in a slogan?

g Complete the slogans for these fictional products with a matching imperative. Choose a verb from the list.

to be – to boost – to choose – to download – to feel – to go – to look – to relax –to try (x2) – to upgrade

PowerGlow Energy Drink

your day: PowerGlow now!

SonicBeat Earbuds the beat, wire-free with SonicBeat Earbuds!

QuickClean Robot Cleaners

on the go –ChillOut!

your cleaning game –QuickClean now!

ChillOut Relaxation app

EcoTote Reusable bags cool, eco-friendly –EcoTote bags!

h Do you know any other slogans? Discuss in class. i Play the game ‘Simon says’. Make sure to use the imperatives.

Check: imperative Yes I think soNo

Ik ken de imperatief in het Engels en kan deze toepassen.

10 Do you remember when to use the imperative? Scan the QR code to refresh your memory. REMEMBER?

Checklist: learning about advertisements

Wat kan ik al?

Wat lukt nog niet goed? Wat moet ik doen om dat onderdeel beter te kunnen?

2 Learning about (online) marketing

1 Watch the video.

a What is this video about?

b What is the message in the end? You can say this in your own words.

c Which brand made this commercial?

d Why does Dove choose ‘normal’ people in their commercials?

e Look at the reactions to the video and answer the questions.

@MusicbyCurtis yesterday

I have huge respect for Dove doing this! This needs talking about, parents need to realise the dangers of smart phones and social media. We all do.

607  Reply

@Kelly123 three days ago

As a mother of a 12-year-old, who looks very much like this girl, I cried. The pressure on young girls to look a certain way is so scary and unrealistic. Amazing add, very powerful.

688  Reply

@Olivia865 a week ago

This commercial is beautiful. Thank you for putting it out there for us teenagers. With social media, it’s hard to remember that things online are not reality.

171  Reply

1 Who of these people is a teenager?

@MusicbyCurtis @Kelly123 @Olivia865

2 Who of these people is a parent?

@MusicbyCurtis @Kelly123 @Olivia865

3 Do you agree with these people? Discuss in class.

f Does Dove sell a product with this advertisement?

g Why does Dove make this advertisement? Explain in your own words.

2

Kat Shees’s take on today’s influencers in media

Kat Shee is the VP of marketing at GROW and 1/2 of Shee Sisters, lifestyle and golf fashion influencers.

“If you want to be an influencer, you’ve got to earn it.”

Influencer culture has taken the world by storm, fundamentally transforming what it means to be an influencer. Collecting a fan base and launching a clothing line based on a brief appearance in a reality TV show is over.

According to Kat Shee, influencers now occupy a unique space in media, and brands must adapt to this shift for successful marketing partnerships.

“As social media continues to evolve, consumers appear to be more selective about their feeds than ever before. Meaning, they follow content that they actually want to see regularly. This could be due to a new generation of users having an ‘I could do that, too’ mindset – with one in four Gen-Zers saying they plan to become an influencer celebrity. Or it could be because our idea of what an influencer needs to bring to the table has completely changed. Now, they’re doing politics, getting roles in movies or advertisements … ”

Traditional marketing is out; partnerships are in

“It’s no secret that digital marketing has changed over the past decade. It seems that when digital ads first started making their way into consumers’ social media feeds, or online publications, brands had the luxury of buyer unawareness. A celebrity they liked said milk was good, so milk must be good!” says Shee. However, as Gen-Z dominates online shopping through digital channels, brands need to innovate. These smart consumers are well aware of media tactics, and are not easily fooled

David Yovanno, CEO of impact.com, also states: “With consumers, especially Gen-Z, becoming more aware of the tactics used in interruptive marketing – like pop-up ads – brands are no longer relying only on traditional paid advertising channels. Now they are asking creators to create content that is specifically made to reach new audiences.”

Shee believes that brands need to change their strategy from hiring influencers to read what they write, to creating authentic content. People nowadays are too smart to believe fake sales pitches. In order to appeal to your audience, you need an influencer to back your product. to appear: to seem due to: because of to rely on: to need someone or something one hundred and fifteen

The influencer’s voice

According to Shee, the best way for brands to attract their audience is by building partnerships with influencers they trust to represent them. They understand the customers better than anyone and speak their language. Influencers do the work to hijack the algorithm. They create quality content and keep reinventing themselves. So by working together and identifying with their voice, brands are able to reach their audience.

But consumers are critical. They don’t like influencers who are just made of one viral video. They prefer those who can write, perform, entertain, or perhaps even … juggle. They have to produce good content, and that is only possible if they are allowed creative freedom. Brands need to embrace the power of influencer marketing 2.0.

to hijack the algorithm: to mislead the program to embrace: to welcome

by Kat Shee – The Rise of Influencers in Media

a Answer these questions about the text with true or false. Correct if false. True False

1 To become an influencer you just have to be a famous TV personality.

2 One in four Gen-Zers say they plan to become an influencer celebrity.

3 When you have a company and you hire an influencer, the influencer just needs to read your advertisement to the audience.

4 Companies actually need influencers to be able to juggle. (see last paragraph)

b Do you think you could be an influencer?

c Why (not)?

d What do influencers do today (according to the text)?

Inspired

e What or who is Gen Z? Look it up on the internet if you don’t know.

f What does the writer mean by ‘buyer unawareness’? (paragraph 4)

g What does ‘to interrupt’ mean?

h What do you think ‘interruptive marketing’ means when you know you get this on Instagram and Facebook? (paragraph 5)

i Can you try to explain what ‘permission marketing’ means?

j What is a ‘sales pitch’? (paragraph 6)

k Look at these graphs and answer the questions.

Source: GWI, Stephanie Harlow

1 What is the antonym for ‘a gain’?

2 Which two sources make the biggest gains for advertising? ads on music-streaming services ads seen in the cinema ads on the radio ads seen on social media ads in magazines and newspapers

3 Which two sources make the biggest losses for advertising? ads on music-streaming services ads seen in the cinema ads on the radio ads seen on social media ads in magazines or newspapers

4 Why do you think these two types of ads make the biggest loss?

2

6 What is your favourite social media platform? Source: GWI, Stephanie

5 What is Gen Z’s most popular social media platform according to the second graphic?

Harlow

7 Why would Facebook be useful for an online marketing campaign?

8 Open your smartphones and go to your favourite social media platform.

a Check what kind of advertisements you are getting/have received. For which products are they?

b Discuss these questions in class.

1 Did some of you get the same ads? Why is that?

2 Did someone get an ad about something they talked about today?

3 How many ads do you get a minute on social media?

4 Is there an ad you saw that would make you buy something?

3 Look at the interactive picture and discover the words related to (online) marketing. Listen to the pronunciation and check the spelling.

4 Match the words about (online) marketing to their correct definition. a clothing line 1 the material, usually in the form of text, images, or videos, that people share on social media or other platforms

5 Fill in the gaps with a correct word about (online) marketing. an audience – to back – a billboard – to fool – a gain – to interrupt – a launch –a sales pitch – a streaming service

1 The of the new product was a collaborative effort between the two companies.

2 During the meeting, she had to several times to ask questions.

3 The speaker tried to the audience with false information during the presentation.

4 The marketing team prepared an interesting to convince investors to the project.

5 For the movie Extraction 2, Netflix decided to create a huge with Chris Hemsworth’s sweat running off it. This led to a massive in viewer numbers.

6 The influencer's content on social media attracted a large and dedicated

7 The company formed a partnership with a popular to reach a broader audience.

Check: vocabulary ‘online marketing’ Yes I think soNo Ik ken in het Engels woordenschat rond influencers, (online) marketing en sociale media.

6 Idioms about (online) marketing. Look at the two underlined groups of words in the text of exercise 2, about influencers.

a In paragraph 3 you can see the words ‘to bring to the table’. What do you think it means?

b In paragraph 7 you can see the words ‘to hijack the algorithm’. What do you think it means?

c What does ‘to hijack’ literally mean?

d Do you know the term for a group of words you can’t take literally? The word is also used in other languages than English. Write it down in English and in other languages.

7 Look at the interactive picture and discover the idioms related to (online) marketing. a Look at these idioms. Match them to the correct meaning, and to the right image.

b Fill in the gaps using idioms from the previous exercise.

1 I wouldn't winning the competition without putting in the necessary effort and preparation.

2 Buying a luxury car like that would , so I'm considering more budget-friendly options.

3 The latest smartphone model is flying , as people rush to get their hands on the advanced features.

4 The team worked tirelessly to meet the client's expectations, and successfully during the crucial presentation.

5 We have a new project that is , and we're excited to announce it next month.

6 Each team member is expected to during the brainstorming session by contributing unique ideas and perspectives.

7 The video unexpectedly on social media, gaining millions of views within just a few hours.

8 After attending the demonstration, I am completely the idea of incorporating sustainable practices into our company.

8 Look at the underlined words in the previous exercise.

a What do these words have in common?

b What kind of words are these?

These are adverbs ` verbs adjectives nouns

9 Do you remember what an adverb is? Scan the QR code to refresh your memory.

a Fill in a correct adverb. Multiple answers are possible. Highlight the word(s) the adverb defines. Choose between these adverbs: carefully – clearly – effectively – efficiently – promptly – quickly –smoothly – successfully – very – well

1 The marketing campaign performed well, exceeding the expected results.

2 The team collaborated to develop the innovative advertising campaign.

3 The competitor responded to the challenge, launching a counter-campaign.

4 The CEO addressed the stakeholders , outlining the future strategy.

5 The new product was launched , creating a buzz in the market. REMEMBER?

6 The negotiation process went , resulting in a successful partnership.

7 The sales team presented the proposal , impressing the potential clients.

8 The market research was conducted , providing valuable insights.

9 The company adapted to the changing trends , staying ahead of the competition.

10 The website was updated , improving user experience.

b Adverbs can also be used to add structure to a text. Have a look at the grammar box below to learn more about adverbs of sequence

How to use adverbs of sequence?

GRAMMAR

Adverbs of sequence are used to describe the order in which two or more actions happen, and help us understand the time connection between sentences and ideas.

Use these five rules in order to use adverbs of sequence correctly.

Comma We use a comma after adverbs of sequence when they introduce the sentence that describes the action.

e.g. Next, I will show you how to toast bread.

First

• Express that an action happens before any others.

• Beginning or end of a sentence

e.g. First, I need to have a cup of coffee before I start my work.

e.g. I have a lot of work to finish today, but I need a cup of coffee first

Next

Then

• Express that the action happens immediately after another action, or as soon as possible.

• Afterwards can also be used in the same situation.

e.g. I’m eating breakfast now. I will clean the kitchen next/afterwards

e.g. I went to Toscana this summer. Next, I want to visit Napoli as soon as I can.

• Express that an action happens after another action.

• We can use and then without a comma.

Mind! Then refers to a specific time.

e.g. I am going to visit Napoli this fall. Then, I want to explore the French Riviera.

e.g. She will finish her coffee and then she will continue with working tasks.

Finally

• Express that an action happens at the end, after any others, or after a long time.

• We can use finally before the verb without a comma.

e.g. After 20 years together, we finally got married.

e.g. I've worked all day. Finally, I can go to bed.

e.g. I worked all day, cleaned the house, cooked a meal for tomorrow and I finally went to bed at 10 o’clock.

c Put these phrases in the correct order.

Finally, you can enjoy your omelette with your favourite vegetables or a piece of bread.

If you want to make an omelette, you need to break the eggs first.

Then, you can add the eggs.

Next, you should heat butter in a pan.

d

e Look at this guideline to start up your own business. Rewrite the instructions with adverbs of sequence, using the given order.

How to form a business?

1 Define your business idea.

2 Research the market.

3 Create a business plan.

4 Choose a business structure and register your business.

5 Set up your finances.

6 Build your brand.

7 Hire and train staff and launch your business.

f Why is the imperative used in these sentences?

Check: adverbs of sequence Yes I think soNo

Ik weet wat een bijwoord is en kan dit herkennen in een tekst.

Ik kan structuur aanbrengen in de tekst door de ‘adverbs of sequence’ correct te gebruiken.

10 Watch the video and answer the questions.

a How does the speaker get the attention of the audience with his first sentence?

b Why is it a good idea to catch the attention of your listeners?

c Is this an appropriate way to do so?

d What is the speaker trying to sell?

e What is the strength of his marketing concept?

f Describe what ‘a pitch’ is.

g What is the response of the woman working for Dodge?

h Do you think they will buy his idea? Why?

Checklist: learning about (online) marketing

Wat kan ik al?

Wat lukt nog niet goed? Wat moet ik doen om dat onderdeel beter te kunnen? one hundred and twenty-five

TIME TO CHECK YOURSELF

1 Look for words about advertising in this word search and use them to complete the sentences. You need to find 10 words and you have to search both horizontally as diagonally.

1 I saw a on TV last night.

2 My brother likes to paint. He’s very

3 People who care for other people are

4 things concerning money in a society =

5 Going to the theatre is a hobby.

6 Taylor Swift is becoming a real

7 You make me laugh! You’re so

8 I love singing. It makes me

9 a commercial = an

10 I was absolutely to see them kiss. He already is in a relationship with someone else.

BYUZIVPLKOLYVGPVWF OWXNJSTBYLJQPNOWCP ZUQLGSMQAAPHEPYGOO HFYMYPMIJCGIVFARMG KNNSPDCCENAZIITHMK XRLAEOCLXQKSTIKJEH FQEISCAQWQUEAVQMRB YSWQFROGVKFUERMTCH MBSIUSCNSLDNRBXGID HVETGOOGOEALCRUHAK SILOWWNFKMWIIYUFLI WUYMLNNCNTIPDKVVTB CYFBKOOAYDGCOYNZBP MCICFHEOQVCPYNNUFR PLITSPGCBKUBWCVNCI IHWGGFIFHZDNERTIMF HXYNQQEBCBLDYNDHPQ OPTTNEMESITREVDAUM

ex. 1 Ik kan in het Engels woorden gebruiken rond reclames. Yes I think soNo Time to catch up? ex. 1 Time to get ahead? ex. 6

2 Complete this text using relative pronouns.

The Super Bowl halftime show, is a highly anticipated spectacle, often features world-renowned artists and entertainers. The performers, are carefully selected for their star power and ability to captivate audiences, bring an electrifying energy to the massive halftime stage.

Many of the songs are showcased, have become iconic over the years, are carefully organised to create a memorable and engaging experience for the millions of viewers tune in.

The halftime show, is a cultural phenomenon in itself, continues to be a major highlight of the Super Bowl, connecting fans through music and entertainment.

ex. 2

Ik kan in het Engels de betrekkelijke voornaamwoorden gebruiken. Yes I think soNo

Time to catch up? ex. 2

Time to get ahead? ex. 7

3 Complete the recipe for pancakes with the correct imperatives and adverbs of sequence. Choose from the box. first – second – then – next – afterwards – finally

Easy Pancake Recipe

Ingredients

1 cup flour

2 tablespoons sugar 1 teaspoon baking powder

Instructions

1/2 teaspoon salt 1 cup milk 1 large egg 2 tablespoons melted butter

1 (Adverb) , (to combine) the flour, sugar, baking powder, and salt in a mixing bowl.

2 (Adverb) , (to add) the milk to the dry ingredients and stir.

3 (Adverb) , (to crack) the egg into the batter and mix well.

4 (Adverb) , (to pour) in the melted butter and stir until the batter is smooth.

5 (Adverb) , (to cook) the pancakes until bubbles form on the surface.

6 (Adverb) , (to flip) the pancakes and cook the other side until golden brown.

7 (Adverb) , (to enjoy) your delicious homemade pancakes!

ex. 3

Ik kan in het Engels de imperatief gebruiken. Yes I think soNo

Time to catch up? ex. 3

Time to get ahead? ex. 8

Ik kan in het Engels de ‘adverbs of sequence’ gebruiken. Yes I think soNo

Time to catch up? ex. 4

Time to get ahead? ex. 8 one hundred and twenty-seven

4 Use the given vocabulary to complete this text. You might have to adapt the word to the sentence.

to bank on someone – a billboard – a clothing line – to cost an arm and a leg – to earn –an influencer – to launch – a partnership – to be in the pipeline – traditional

Celebrities or often team up with popular clothing brands to create a special connection beyond their usual spotlight. They don't just want fame; they desire to create a personal style. So, they partner with trendy to go beyond old, ways of getting attention, like

Instead, they plan a big showcase when they their collaboration.

These are more than quick deals; both the celebrity and the clothing brand rely on each other. Sometimes, it can be really expensive and , but the brand is betting on the celebrity's popularity. In return, the celebrity doesn't just represent the brand; they become the face of it. They each other

This collaboration isn't just for now; there's a plan for the future. More products and styles are , creating a mix of the celebrity's charm and the clothing brand's look. The influencers get free products from the brand of course, but they also a lot of money from this.

ex. 4

Ik kan in het Engels woorden en uitdrukkingen gebruiken rond influencers en (online) marketing.

Time to catch up? ex. 5

Time to get ahead? ex. 9

Yes I think soNo

Ready? Tick off the exercises you have to do on page 129-137.

2 You get two sentences which you have to combine into one sentence, using a relative pronoun (who, that or which). Follow the given type (1 or 2).

Example:

You get two sentences. You have to combine them into one sentence. 1

You get two sentences which/that you have to combine into one sentence.

Jack is a football player. He is 21 years old.

Jack, who is 21 years old, is a football player.

2 That person is the famous billionaire. He owns a car company. 1

3 Columbus is the explorer. He discovered America. 1

4 I ate all of my mother’s lasagne. It’s the best in the world.

5 Economics is a subject at school. I’m really bad at it. 1

Score ex. 2 < 3 >/= 3

Well done!

3 Look at the sentence and fill in the correct verb in the imperative. Look at the hints for more context.

Hint

Sentence

1 instruction to a friend me the book from the shelf, please.

2 encouragement to a colleague hard and the respect you deserve.

3 instruction to a class Please do not when someone else is speaking.

4 encouragement to a team Let's each other up and work together for success.

5 advice to a performer confident on stage, and your audience will respond positively.

6 advice to a friend

7 instruction to a student

You seem stressed; a break and for a while.

When you have something to share, your hand and for your turn to say it.

Score ex. 3 < 7 >/= 7

Well done!

4 Reorganise this text. Look at the adverbs of sequence to find out the correct order. Number the sentences.

After the show, the second half of the game starts, and it gets even more exciting.

At the end, the winning team celebrates, and there's confetti falling everywhere. The Super Bowl finishes with lots of happy memories for everyone.

Then, the teams come onto the field with lots of cheering.

After that, the game begins with both teams trying their best.

Next, there's a really fun show at halftime that makes everyone happy.

Finally, in the last part of the game, something amazing happens, and we find out which team wins.

First, everyone gets excited as they gather around the TV, waiting for the Super Bowl to start.

Score ex. 4 < 5

>/= 5

Well done! one hundred and thirty-one

6 Read this article. Fill in the gaps with a word from the vocabulary about advertising so that the article makes sense.

to appeal – an audience – a brand – a business – a challenge – a consumer – to convince –an event – a feature – to link – to spend – a target

https://www.forbes.com/sites/kimberlywhitler/2023/02/13/three-attributes-of-a-great-super-bowl-ad

Three Attributes Of A Great Super Bowl Ad

Kimberly A. Whitler Senior Contributor

Identifying a great ad from a marketer’s perspective is different than from a client’s perspective. usually think of entertaining ads as being good. Whether they remember the name is not that important to them. Also, consumer ratings systems don’t limit reaction to the target . This is problematic as, for example, men could be rating feminine hygiene products. Or women could be rating a beer product that is meant for men. Ads aren’t designed to to everyone — only to the

Likability and popularity are often not the most important goal for marketers; instead marketers tend to focus on strengthening the brand and in some meaningful way.

While there are a number of ways you can measure the strategic strength of an ad, below I share three important ones.

a perspective: a view a rating system: a way to measure popularity to tend to do something: to do something most of the time one hundred and thirty-three

1) The ad clearly communicates an element of advantage about the product or service.

One of the best ads this year for delivering on this aspect is Google’s Fixed on Pixels The entire ad focuses on the benefit of being able to ‘fix’ photos by erasing specific parts of them. Another example of this was Hyundai’s Smaht Pahk (from the 2020 Super Bowl) which focused on the car’s ability to park itself. When brands focus on the unique value that they create for consumers, they are more likely to them of buying the product.

2) The drama in the ad is connected to the product or service.

This sounds easy, but many brands actually miss on this aspect. It is easy to have a funny or dramatic story that is not clearly to the product — and therefore it becomes a distraction. An example from this year that did a very good job connecting the drama in the story to a unique of the product is Doritos’ Jack’s New Angle. The entire ad is about the new angle, a triangle, which is the same shape of a Doritos chip. In contrast, M&M’s Super Bowl 2023 ad talked about something that included tweets days before the Super Bowl and then another ad later in the Super Bowl. Many consumers were not aware of the storyline and if viewing the ad alone, it doesn’t link the drama to anything that is actually unique or special about the product. That’s not something you want when millions of dollars on an ad.

3) The ad engages and entertains consumers in a way that makes them remember.

Here lies the of creating great ads for this . Not only do they have to be clearly understood, but they also have to be memorable — via high entertainment and engagement value. I remembered clearly Hyundai’s Smaht Pahk add from two years ago because it was effective in creating humour and focused on ‘wow’ innovation at the time.

While it is easier to deliver any one of the above criteria, it is quite difficult to do all three in a single 30 second spot. The Hyundai ad from 2020 is an example that delivers all three — drama that focuses on a clear point of differentiation and is communicated in an engaging, entertaining, and memorable way.

memorable: not easily forgotten

Adapted from: forbes.com, Kimberly A. Whitler

a Why doesn’t the writer like the M&M advertisement?

b Why does the writer like the Google’s Fixed on Pixels advertisement?

c What is so perfect about Hyundai’s Smaht Pahk advertisement?

d Look up the advertisement Hyundai’s Smaht Pahk on YouTube and give your opinion about it.

I think the advertisement is because

7 Look at this text, fill in the correct relative pronouns. To make it a bit more difficult, we’re adding the new relative pronoun ‘whose’.

How to use the relative pronoun ‘whose’?

We use whose as the possessive form of who.

e.g. This is George, whose brother went to school with me.

GRAMMAR

Ads are very important in business and use different strategies to get people's attention. Companies make good ads usually have more people recognizing their brand. Marketers understand their target audience can make campaigns connect with the people most likely to buy their products.

People buying choices are influenced by ads are part of the consumer world. Companies chat with customers through interactive ads make a more memorable experience. Advertisers, job is making persuasive messages, always adjust to changes in how people act, and tech stuff.

The internet, a big platform for ads, lets companies aim campaigns at what users like. Social media influencers, are popular online, often team up with brands match their style. Companies products get a thumbs up from influencers can benefit from the trust these people built with their followers. one hundred and thirty-five

8 Invent a new dish, using your personal recipe. Write it down using the correct form of the imperative and using the adverbs of sequence (first, then, afterwards, next, finally …). Make sure there are at least 10 steps in your recipe.

9 Read the text and fill in these words or idioms so the text makes sense. to back someone – to cost an arm and a leg – to deliver the goods – to earn –to evolve (2x) – to interrupt – to be in the pipeline – to be sold on something –traditional – to go viral

1 5 10 In the world of social media, an influencer can quickly rise to fame, gaining thousands or even millions of followers. These individuals often use their platforms to share their experiences, promote products, and even shape trends. To be a successful influencer is not just about popularity; it's also an opportunity to a living doing what they love.

Many influencers start with a passion or hobby and their content over time. They move away from methods of communication, using social media platforms to connect with their audience directly. This evolution allows them to reach a broader audience and create a more personal connection.

However, this journey is not without its challenges. The constant stream of content on social media can the organic growth of an influencer. Yet, those who with authenticity and dedication can help them navigate these interruptions.

While the influencer lifestyle may seem glamorous, it often comes at a cost. Creating high-quality content, maintaining a consistent online presence, and keeping up with the latest trends can sometimes in terms of time and effort.

To and keep followers engaged, influencers must stay creative and adaptable. They consistently introduce fresh ideas, products, or collaborations that capture the interest of their audience. Often, these innovations already , carefully planned to surprise and delight followers.

Occasionally, an influencer's content can , spreading across the internet like wildfire. This sudden rise in popularity can open doors to new opportunities and partnerships. However, being just because it's trending isn't always the best strategy. Authenticity remains a crucial factor in maintaining trust with followers and keeping long-term success in the ever- world of influencer marketing. one hundred and thirty-seven

YOUR TIME

1 What is your own favourite advertisement?

a Look up your own favourite advertisement online. This can either be a poster or a clip, in English or any other language. Do you remember an ad you found funny, touching, or witty?

b What brand is your favourite advertisement for?

c What is the title of your commercial of choice?

d Describe in one sentence what the commercial is about.

e What really speaks to you in this commercial?

f This advertisement is: commercial ideal

g The maker of my advertisement wants: to sell a product to sell a service to raise awareness other:

h In what way does the maker of the commercial position the commercial?

The maker suggests unique characteristics of the product/service.

The maker links the product/service to a feeling/atmosphere/surrounding/lifestyle …

i What trick(s) does the maker use to sell his product/service? (multiple answers are possible)

The maker makes sure that you can easily remember the slogan.

The maker compares the product with the competition.

The product/service solves a well-known problem.

The maker stresses the positive consequences when you use the product.

The maker uses a famous person.

The maker tries to stimulate the sales of the product with a temporary discount.

The maker uses humour.

The maker gives the product/service a unique touch by linking the advertisement to a feeling, atmosphere, surrounding or lifestyle that matches the target audience.

other:

j Go into debate and convince your classmates that the advertisement you chose is the best one ever made.

How to build strong arguments?

1 Formulate the argument that you want to bring forward.

→ Keep it simple and clear.

2 Don’t assume you’re right just because you share the popular opinion.

STRATEGY

→ Remember that the people of the world used to believe that the earth was flat.

3 Base your argument on proof from reliable sources.

→ There are more reliable websites than Wikipedia.

4 Use evidence that the audience will believe.

→ The most logical things are the easiest to believe.

5 Be specific when you give examples.

→ The facts become clearer when you link them to specific situations.

2 Invent a product with a fitting logo and slogan.

a Answer these short questions first.

1 What product are you going to sell? Hint: think of something everyone needs but doesn’t exist yet.

2 Why do you think this product will actually sell?

3 What is the name of your product?

4 How are you going to position your product on the market? Explain. I am going to suggest unique characteristics of the product/service.

I am going to link the product/service to a feeling/atmosphere/surrounding / lifestyle …

5 Think of a good slogan for your product. Hint: use the imperative. Be clear and brief.

6 Design a logo for your product. You can also use an online tool to do this.

3 Pitch your product. You want your product to sell so you are going to pitch it and make everyone buy your product.

How to convince people to buy a product?

Before pitching:

Ask yourself the following questions:

• What are you selling?

• Who are you selling it to?

• What are their needs?

• What are they looking for?

Inform yourself:

• Do enough research about your product: know what you are selling.

• Make a profile of your customer.

• Make a list of the (dis)advantages of your product.

STRATEGY

• Write down the benefits of your product for the customer you made a profile of.

While pitching:

• Keep it short: a sales pitch can't last longer than two minutes.

• Start your pitch with a question.

e.g. Have you ever experienced this problem? You put a hot pot on your countertop and it left a mark. This will never happen if ...

• Make it personal: adapt the sales pitch to the customer's needs.

• Make sure the customer understands the benefits the product can give them.

• End with a ‘call to action’, a clear next step. What do you want the buyer to do? Call you back, respond …

After pitching:

Reflect about your sales pitch:

• What went well?

• What can you do differently next time?

HINT

Don’t say the price of your product. Only when people are interested, tell them what your product costs.

a You can choose: present your pitch in front of the class or film it and show the clip to the rest of the class. Make sure you can visualise your product by showing your logo or product design.

Check yourself: pitch Yes I think soNo

I presented my product visually.

I drew attention with my introduction.

I made a clear and brief presentation of my product.

I convinced my audience with a good ending.

b Choose one product of a classmate you think is interesting and answer these questions:

1 Whose product seems interesting to you? (name)

2 What was the name of the product your classmate presented?

3 What convinced you about this product?

4 What score would you give your classmate’s presentation on a scale of 5? /5

5 Why would you give your classmate this score?

a positive:

b negative:

Checklist: your time Yes I think soNo

Ik kan in het Engels mijn favoriete reclame duiden.

Ik kan in het Engels gericht op zoek gaan naar informatie op het internet.

Ik kan een product bedenken.

Ik kan een slogan en een logo bedenken voor mijn product.

Ik kan de imperatief gebruiken in het Engels.

Ik kan in het Engels een pitch presenteren.

Wat kan ik al?

Wat lukt nog niet goed? Wat moet ik doen om dat onderdeel beter te kunnen?

one hundred and forty-one

SUMMARY

1 ADVERTISING VOCABULARY

afraid bang angry boos disappointed teleurgesteld excited enthousiast funny grappig happy blij sad droevig shocked gechoqueerd

Words Translation My notes an advertisereen reclamemaker to appeal iemand aanspreken to connect verbinden creative creatief cultural cultureel to dominatedomineren economic economisch emotional advertising reclame maken op basis van gevoelens an idea een idee a pandemiceen pandemie social sociaal to spend spenderen/besteden subtle subtiel a tone een sfeer a trend een trend

2 (ONLINE) MARKETING

an audience een publiek

an influencer een influencer

a billboard een reclamebord

a sales pitch een verkoopspraatje

a clothing line een kledinglijn

a streaming service een streamingdienst

Words Translation

My notes to back ondersteunen to collect verzamelen content inhoud to earn verdienen to evolve evolueren to fool iemand iets wijsmaken a gain een verdienste to interruptonderbreken a launch een lancering to launch lanceren a partnershipeen partnerschap a space een ruimte traditional traditioneel

Idiom Translation

My notes to bank on something/someoneop iemand/iets rekenen to bring to the table met iets naar voren komen to cost an arm and a leg heel veel kosten to deliver the goods de producten afleveren/ aan iets voldoen to hijack the algorithm het programma misleiden something is out the dooriets is (uit)verkocht to be in the pipeline er wordt aan iets gewerkt to be sold on something overtuigd zijn van iets to go viral viraal gaan/verspreiden one hundred and forty-three

HOW TO use relative pronouns?

Notice: WHO is for people, WHICH is for things

There are two kinds of relative clauses. Does the relative clause give information about the subject that is essential to form a good sentence?

1 2

Yes

Examples:

• Madonna is the famous singer who did an amazing halftime show at the Super Bowl in 2012.

• This is the house which Snoop Dogg built.

• The cell phone which rang in class was mine.

In this kind of relative clause, we can use that instead of who or which:

• Madonna is the famous singer that did an amazing halftime show at the Super Bowl in 2012.

• This is the house that Snoop Dogg built.

• The cell phone that rang in class was mine.

Examples:

No

• Madonna, who is now 65 years old, just came out of a coma.

• We had spaghetti last night, which I always enjoy a lot!

• I met Keith in town yesterday, which was a nice surprise.

With this kind of relative clause, we use commas (,) to separate it from the rest of the sentence.

Be careful! In this kind of relative clause, we cannot use that

HOW TO use the relative pronoun ‘whose’?

We use whose as the possessive form of who.

e.g. This is George, whose brother went to school with me.

HOW TO use adverbs of sequence?

Adverbs of sequence are used to describe the order in which two or more actions happen, and help us understand the time connection between sentences and ideas.

Use these five rules in order to use adverbs of sequence correctly.

Comma We use a comma after adverbs of sequence when they introduce the sentence that describes the action.

e.g. Next, I will show you how to toast bread.

First

• Express that an action happens before any others.

• Beginning or end of a sentence.

e.g. First, I need to have a cup of coffee before I start my work.

e.g. I have a lot of work to finish today, but I need a cup of coffee first

Next

Then

• Express that the action happens immediately after another action, or as soon as possible.

• Afterwards can also be used in the same situation.

e.g. I’m eating breakfast now. I will clean the kitchen next/afterwards

e.g. I went to Toscana this summer. Next, I want to visit Napoli as soon as I can.

• Express that an action happens after another action.

• We can use and then without a comma.

Mind! Then refers to a specific time.

e.g. I am going to visit Napoli this fall. Then, I want to explore the French Riviera.

e.g. She will finish her coffee and then she will continue with working tasks.

Finally

• Express that an action happens at the end, after any others, or after a long time.

• We can use finally before the verb without a comma.

e.g. After 20 years together, we finally got married.

e.g. I've worked all day. Finally, I can go to bed.

e.g. I worked all day, cleaned the house, cooked a meal for tomorrow and I finally went to bed at 10 o’clock.

HOW TO build strong arguments?

STEP 1

Formulate the argument that you want to bring forward.

→ Keep it simple and clear.

STEP 3

STEP 2

Don’t assume you’re right just because you share the popular opinion.

→ Remember that the people of the world used to believe that the earth was flat.

Base your argument on proof from reliable sources.

→ There are more reliable websites than Wikipedia.

STEP 4

Use evidence that the audience will believe.

→ The most logical things are the easiest to believe.

STEP 5

Be specific when you give examples.

→ The facts becomes clearer when you link them to specific situations.

HOW TO convince people to buy a product?

Before pitching:

Before pitching:

Ask yourself the following questions:

• What are you selling?

• Who are you selling it to?

Inform yourself:

• What are their needs?

• What are they looking for?

• Do enough research about your product: know what you are selling.

• Make a profile of your customer.

• Make a list of the (dis)advantages of your product.

• Write down the benefits of your product for the customer you made a profile of.

While pitching:

• Keep it short: a sales pitch can't last longer than two minutes.

• Start your pitch with a question.

e.g. Have you ever experienced this problem? You put a hot pot on your countertop and it left a mark. This will never happen if ...

• Make it personal: adapt the sales pitch to the customer's needs.

• Make sure the customer understands the benefits the product can give them.

• End with a ‘call to action’, a clear next step. What do you want the buyer to do? Call you back, respond …

After pitching:

Reflect about your sales pitch:

• What went well?

• What can you do differently next time?

UNIT 4: (CAT)FISHING IN THE SOCIAL MEDIA SEA

write write (a question) write (an answer) once upon a time p. 148

Learning about identity and catfishing p. 149 Time to catch up p. 177 Time to get ahead p. 182 your time p. 187

Learning about influencers and social media p. 163 story time p. 149 time to check yourself p. 174

markeer de instructietaal in het hoofdstuk. wat betekenen de woorden? bespreek. highlight tick off look circle match complete describe fill in talk about ask (a question) answer (a question) read listen watch

ONCE UPON A TIME

1 What do you see in the picture?

2 Which words that are related to the picture do you already know?

3 Watch the video. What do you want to learn about in this unit?

STORY TIME

1 Learning about identity and catfishing

1 Watch the trailer and answer the questions.

a What is the topic of the clip?

b What did Nev and his friends discover about Megan?

c What is the definition of a catfish?

d Is the story of Nev something unique?

e What do all these stories have in common?

2 Read the text about catfishing https://www.cybersmile.org/what-we-do/advice-help/catfishing

WHAT IS CATFISHING?

Catfishing is when someone uses images and information (often taken from other people’s social media accounts) to create a new identity online. These accounts can be used to either damage the reputation of the true owner, or are created to form relationships online. Although catfishing used to be seen more among adults using online dating platforms, it has now become a more global problem among adults and teenagers.

WHY IS IT CALLED ‘CATFISHING’?

Although the act of catfishing has been around almost as long as the internet, it only received its name in 2010 after a documentary titled Catfish was released. ‘Catfishing’ became a known term in 2012 after the MTV series Catfish increased in popularity.

WHY DO PEOPLE CATFISH?

People choose to catfish other people for a variety of reasons. Some of the reasons why people catfish include having insecurities, because of a mental illness, to hide their identity, getting revenge, for online harassment, or to explore a sexual preference.

THE EFFECTS OF CATFISHING

When someone is catfished, it can be extremely damaging to their mental health –especially if they are emotionally invested in a friendship or romantic relationship with the catfish. Victims of catfishing can find it extremely difficult to trust again after their experience. Financial loss and mental illnesses such as anxiety and depression can all come about because of catfishing.

If the person that has been catfished has sent any explicit images or ‘sexted’ with the catfish, the victim will feel betrayed, and can become paranoid that they might be exposed publicly in the future. This can lead to serious long-term problems such as anxiety disorders, and depression.

SIGNS THAT YOU MIGHT BE BEING CATFISHED

It can be difficult to spot a catfish. Although the signs can be different for each situation, some of the most common signs that you are being catfished include:

• They don’t have many friends or images on their social media accounts

• They never want to video call

• They don’t want to meet up

It is important to remember that these signs don’t always mean you are being catfished – they can be completely innocent too.

explicit: to show or talk about something in a very detailed way a disorder: an illness or a health problem

HOW CAN I PREVENT BEING CATFISHED?

Avoiding getting catfished can be very difficult, because of the large amount of people we interact with online each day. Therefore it can be difficult to check each identity for authenticity. However, there are tips to prevent or reduce your chances of being catfished:

• Be careful – When talking to anybody that you don’t know online, always look for real evidence that they are who they say they are.

• Never give away money – Some catfishes will target people in order to scam money from them.

• Take your time – Always be careful when sending images or sexually explicit messages to another person online. Once you press send, it can’t be taken back!

• Talk to someone – If you have concerns about someone you are speaking to online, confide in someone you trust. Maybe they can help you identify any ‘red flags’ you may have not noticed yourself.

• Don’t be afraid to ask questions – As uncomfortable as it might be, don’t be afraid to ask as many questions as you need to in order to feel comfortable talking to someone.

• Adjust your privacy settings – By having your privacy settings adjusted on your social media accounts to ‘private’, you are less likely to fall victim to catfishing because nobody can see the information on your profile.

a What is the topic of this text?

b Where does the term ‘catfish’ come from?

c Explain in your own words what ‘catfishing’ means.

to confide in: to tell something secret or personal to someone who you trust

d Is it easy to tell when you are being catfished?

e Look at ‘Signs that you might be being catfished’. Try to explain the reason behind each of the three signs. Discuss in class.

1 They don’t have many friends or images on their social media accounts.

2 They never want to video call.

3 They don’t want to meet up.

f Are the statements true or false? Correct the false ones.

1 People started catfishing in 2010.

2 ‘Catfishing’ became a known term after a book was published in 2010.

3 A reason why people catfish is to explore their sexual preferences.

4 Catfishing is only a problem among adults and not teenagers.

5 People who have been catfished can experience trust issues afterwards.

6 If someone doesn’t want to meet up in person, they are definitely catfishing.

g Prepare the following questions individually, afterwards discuss them in class. Do you remember how to give your opinion? Check the useful expressions in the summary to refresh your memory.

1 Do you think catfishing is linked to our social media identity? Why (not)?

2 Can you understand why some people would take on an alternative/fake online identity? Why (not)?

p. 53

3 Have you or someone you know ever experienced catfishing? What happened?

4 What were the signs that someone might be catfishing? Do you have your own tips on how to prevent this?

3 Look at the interactive picture and discover the words related to identity and catfishing. Listen to the pronunciation and check the spelling.

4 Look at the definitions. Match them with the correct word.

to see or notice someone or something 2 a person’s name, and other facts about who they are 3 to publicly show someone or something is bad or dishonest

not honest 5 to suffer or to be hurt by something or someone 6 anxiety B to fall victim to C

5 Complete the sentences with the correct word related to identity and catfishing. catfishing – dishonest – to fall victim to – innocent – online harassment –privacy settings – to spot – a variety of

1 refers to the activity of creating a fake online profile to trick people into a relationship.

2 There are reasons that make people engage in online activities that are not truthful.

3 can take various forms, such as cyberbullying and unwanted messages.

4 Be mindful of your on social media platforms to control who can access your personal information!

5 People may an online scam if they do not pay attention to who they are interacting with.

6 Parents should guide their children; the people online aren't always

7 Learning how to potential online threats is an important skill for internet users. an uncomfortable feeling or worry about something that is happening or might happen 1 to spot E to expose D an identity A dishonest F

Check: vocabulary ‘Identity and catfishing’ Yes I think soNo Ik ken de woordenschat rond identiteit en catfishing.

6 Never have I ever …

a Listen to the talk show and note down three of the questions Ellen asks her guests:

1 e.g. Never I ever

2 e.g. Never I ever

3 e.g. Never I ever

b Now play a game of ‘Never Have I Ever’ with your class! Your teacher will ask you some questions.

c Have a closer look at the questions asked by Ellen. Highlight the verb forms in the sentences you wrote down.

d Look at the timeline:

I have never used someone else's toothbrush.

PAST

e What auxiliary verb do we use?

FUTURE PRESENT

f What is the main verb in the example sentence?

g What do we call this verb form? the past participle the base form the imperative

h Which adverb is used in the sentence above?

i Which time period does this tense refer to? the past from the past until now from the present until the future

How to form and use the present perfect simple tense?

WHEN TO use the present perfect simple tense?

We use the present perfect simple for:

1 something that started in the past and continues up to the present: e.g. They've lived in Manchester all their life.

e.g. He has watched every video from that famous Youtuber since he started in 2020.

2 when talking about experiences up to the present:

e.g. I've seen that film before e.g. He’s followed that blogger ever since he was a teenager.

‘Since’ and ‘before’ are examples of time indicators

HOW TO use the present perfect simple tense?

The present perfect simple is formed using the present tense of the auxiliary verb to have and the past participle of the main verb. - regular verbs: +ed/d/t - irregular verbs: check the list of irregular verbs on diddit

Rule: subject + have/has (not) + past participle (+ rest of sentence)

The positive form

You have posted a story. My grandma has learnt how to use a smartphone.

It has updated the settings. They have received a notification.

How to use the adverbs ‘ever’ and ‘never’ with the present perfect simple tense?

The negative form

You have not posted a story. My grandma has not learnt how to use a smartphone.

It has not updated the settings. They have not received a notification.

GRAMMAR

The adverb ‘ever’ is used to talk about general experiences up to the present: e.g. My last birthday was the worst I have ever had

The adverb 'never' is used for the negative form: e.g. Have you ever met an online friend? Yes, but I've never gone somewhere private the first time.

The adverbs ‘ever’ and ‘never’ are placed between the auxiliary verb ‘have’ and the past participle.

7 Fill in the gaps with the present perfect simple tense and highlight the time indicator.

1 She (to post) three pictures on her Instagram today.

2 They (to try) online dating before.

3 He (to create) multiple profiles since 2010.

4 We (to receive) several new friend requests this week.

5 Sarah (to update) her profile information recently.

8 Using the negative form of the present perfect simple tense.

a Form correct sentences.

1 after/to check/they/security leak/privacy settings.

2 to be someone else/to pretend/social media/she.

3 online/strangers/I/personal information/to share.

4 to engage/catfishing activities/we.

5 to change/long time/he/profile picture.

They have not/haven’t checked their privacy settings after the security leak. one hundred and fifty-five

b Match the sentences with the correct picture.

How to use questions with the present perfect simple?

1 Yes/no questions

e.g. Have you seen her new photo?

Yes, I have! / No I have not/haven’t

Rule: Have/has (not) + subject + past participle (+ rest of sentence) + ?

2 WH-questions

e.g. Where have you seen your online crush?

I haven’t met her yet. She has always come up with a last minute excuse.

Rule: WH-word + have/has (not) + subject + past participle (+ rest of sentence) + ?

9 Look at the following conversations. Formulate questions using the present perfect simple tense based on the answers given.

1 her story/to post/when/she/anything new

Her last post is from 5 years ago.

2 to be someone else/they/ever/to pretend

Yes, they once pretended to be famous singers!

3 lately/you/any suspicious messages/to receive

No I still haven’t had any, I guess my security settings are up to date!

4 on any platform/he/username/to change

I think he has. His Snapchat is the same but I can’t find him on TikTok anymore.

5 to update/you/online security settings/why

Because there has just been a huge data leak!

10 Complete the sentences with a correct present perfect simple form.

1 (she, to post) anything on her Instagram yet?

2 We (not, to receive) any friend requests since we updated our privacy settings.

3 he (to create) a new online identity, or he (to stick) to his original profile?

4 They (not, to finish) setting up grandma’s social media account yet.

5 My favourite streamer (never, to advertise) products on his social media accounts.

6 She (not, to collaborate) with well-known brands throughout her career as an influencer.

7 We (to follow) the influencer's advice, and already (to notice) a positive change in our lifestyle!

8 By now, most influencers (to gain) a substantial following on various social media channels.

Check: present perfect simple

Ik kan de ‘present perfect simple’ correct vormen en toepassen. Do you want more practice? On diddit you can find extra practice materials.

11 Play a game to practise the new grammar.

Write down some ‘Never have I ever’ questions. Afterwards, pair up with a fellow student. Each student takes a turn asking, and answering the fellow student’s questions. Discuss some of the interesting things you have discovered about each other in class.

Check: spoken interaction

Ik kan ja-neevragen stellen in de ‘present perfect simple’.

Ik kan vraagwoordvragen stellen in de ‘present perfect simple’.

Ik kan de vragen van een medeleerling beantwoorden in de ‘present perfect simple’.

12 Go back to ex. 9 and 10 and highlight the adverbs. a Look at the grammar box about the adverbs

How to use and where to place the adverbs ‘just, yet, still and already’?

just Meaning: ‘a short time before’, events that recently occurred.

GRAMMAR

Use: just is used to indicate that an action has occurred very recently.

e.g. I’ve just watched her latest vlog.

Rule: the adverb just is placed in front of the auxiliary verb have. yet Meaning: ‘any time up to now’, used to emphasise you expect something to happen.

Use: yet is most often used in negative sentences or in questions.

e.g. Have you liked my latest photo yet? No, I haven’t had the time yet!

Rule: the adverb yet is placed at the end of the sentence. still Meaning: something hasn’t happed while you expected it to happen.

Use: still is used in negative sentences.

e.g. My online match still hasn’t facetimed me today!

Rule: the adverb still is placed in front of the auxiliary verb have. already Meaning: something happened ‘before now’ or before expected.

Use: already is only used in positive sentences.

e.g. I have already spent five hours chatting with her.

Rule: the adverb already is placed between the auxiliary verb have and the past participle.

b Fill in the correct adverb

1 She told me the brand sent everyone the goodie bag last week but mine hasn't arrived.

2 Have you eaten ? If not, we can go to that new Italian place.

3 Have they finished recording a new episode? That was quick!

4 I haven’t seen the new blockbuster . Do you want to go and see it with me?

5 Oh, what a surprise! I’ve seen my favourite streamer.

6 He sent an e-mail for a collaboration yesterday but they have found someone else.

13 Read the text and answer the questions.

a Look at the following words before you read the text. Tick off the words you already know. Words from

psychiatric ward

https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/how-social-media-shapes-our-identity

HOW SOCIAL MEDIA SHAPES OUR IDENTITY

The internet constantly confronts us with evidence of our past. Are we losing the chance to remake ourselves?

By Nausicaa Renner

In 2015, Kate Eichhorn wrote in The End of Forgetting: Growing Up with Social Media, that people were sharing thirty million images an hour on Snapchat, and British parents “posted nearly two hundred photographs of their child online each year.”

For those who have grown up with social media (that includes pretty much everyone under twenty-five) our childhood has become surprisingly accessible. According to Eichhorn, this is certain to have an effect on the development of our (online) identity. What that effect will be, we’re not quite sure yet. Eichhorn sees both sides of the coin

On the one hand, children and teenagers have gained a level of control that they didn’t have before. In the past, adults were the ones writing books and taking photos. It was meant for us to look back at our childhood rather than children or teenagers doing it themselves. Newer technology, such as our smartphone, allows us even more possibilities to make a narrative of our lives. We get to choose what we want in our story.

Long before children were able to edit and show images of their lives, they were already doing so on a psychic level. Freud called these images ‘screen memories’ and he thought that we used them to soften or hide painful experiences. Humans have always tried to deal with difficult memories. And social media just makes us better at it.

On the other hand, social media can make it difficult to break with your past. We are not the only ones posting; our friends and family can show our lives, sometimes without our consent, as well. This is important for those who want to create new identities The internet is more permanent, and more present in our lives, than ever, making it hard to avoid the memories of past identities.

One example is Kevin, an aspiring film critic from a small town in upstate New York. In his second year of college Kevin says his Facebook stream “was getting really weird. I had my new friends from New York posting about queer performance art and my old friends posting about dirt biking who tagged me in old photographs from high school. I needed to move on.” Kevin deactivated his social-media accounts and created new ones under a pseudonym, but he continued to be tagged in old photos. “I guess that Kevin is out there for good,” he says. “I just have to live with him and all those people he was trying to escape.”

That some images remain is more of a problem for some than for others. There are moments that can be traumatic. These situations, like an offensive tweet that can destroy a person’s public life, are unfortunate, and rather common; especially if something went viral.

Most of the photos we take and post today are ‘social photography’. They are more about sharing experiences than creating memories.

accessible: easy to reach consent: permission aspiring: trying to become successful in something

Selfies are less an accurate picture of someone at a certain time and place, and more about showing a visual idea of what they’re like. They are a way of communication; they are more emoji’s than portraits. For the most part, it wouldn’t really matter if these selfies still existed in twenty years. This explains why we have disappearing photos, like Instagram stories, and Snapchats.

If teenagers are like machines, their phones are like mechanical eyes that help them understand their experiences. More and more of our lives is experienced through (camera) screens, but the problem is that the most difficult memories aren’t captured by photos, videos or tweets. Screens, like screen memories, are often used to avoid things; they turn away from the painful. This explains why there are few photos or videos of crying children on parents’ Instagrams.

Adapted from: Nausicaa Renner, The New Yorker © Conde Nast a portrait to catch mechanical to capture evidence an experience to remain proof to stay an event from a machine a picture

b Who wrote the text?

c Describe the main idea of the text.

d Match the words about social media and identity to their correct description.

e Complete the sentences with the vocabulary from the text.

1 My video just reached 5,000 views! Do you think it ?

2 I no longer liked that platform, so after 7 years I’ve decided to my account.

3 I don’t believe those influencers; I’d like to get an who they really are.

4 Social media has positive and negative effects. You need to look at one hundred and sixty-one

f What are, according to Freud, ‘screen memories’?

g What are the differences between ‘real’ photos and ‘social’ photos?

h What were the options to remember our childhood before social media?

i What is the biggest difference for +25- and –25-year-olds in remembering their childhood?

j Why are there few photos of crying children on parents’ Instagrams?

k How has being able to document and share experiences on social media changed our way of remembering the past?

l Can it be dangerous to put all of your memories on the internet? Discuss in class.

Check: reading a text about social media identity Yes I think soNo

Ik ken de woordenschat rond social media identiteit.

Ik kan relevante informatie selecteren uit een Engelse tekst over social media identiteit.

Checklist: learning about identity and catfishing

Wat kan ik al?

Wat lukt nog niet goed? Wat moet ik doen om dat onderdeel beter te kunnen?

2 Learning about influencers and social media

1 Look at this picture.

a What can you see in the picture?

b Which fairy tale is referred to in the picture?

c Why do you think they made this comparison?

2 Watch the video and answer the questions.

a What is the topic of the video?

b Why do you think people make this type of comparison video?

c Do you think it’s acceptable to filter the truth in a certain way for ‘content’? Why (not)?

d Do you follow any influencers? What made you decide to follow them? Discuss in class.

e Do you think the influencers you follow change reality as well? Why (not)? Discuss in class.

f People often ask others to edit or Photoshop their pictures. Watch the video. What does this creator do?

one hundred and sixty-three

3 Watch the clip and fill in the grid with the missing information.

INFLUENCER

An influencer is someone who has They use their , , or to build a bond with their followers. type of influencer ocean synonym f example personal example

a What is the topic of the clip?

b What is a (dis)advantage about the several types of influencers?

c Is a nano-influencer as important as a macro- or mega-influencer? Give your opinion and discuss in class.

4 Watch two videos about a teenager who went viral overnight. Answer the questions.

a Watch the first video. What is the nickname the teenager received after going viral?

b What happened to his photo?

c How would you describe the reaction of the female news anchor?

d How would you react if this would happen to you? Would you (dis)like it? Explain why.

e Watch the second video and look at the statements. Are they true or false? Correct the false ones.

1 Alex was a 15-year-old cashier at Target.

2 He was happy with the fame at first.

3 He received 20,000 new followers over the course of one night.

4 Alex going viral has only been a positive experience.

5 Alex has quit his job at Target.

6 Alex will try to use his fame to become a journalist.

f What are the disadvantages when you go viral? Give two examples from the video.

g Discuss the following questions in class:

1 How would you describe Alex’s reaction to his fame?

2 Do you understand his mum’s concern? Why (not)?

3 Do you think Alex will stay relevant? Why (not)?

4 List two advantages and two disadvantages of going viral. Discuss your list with that of a classmate.

5

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/dark-side-going-viral-ishan-goel/

The Dark Side of Going Viral

Ishan Goel Founder of Goel Strategies

Published Apr 3,

2023

The last thing you ever want is to go viral. Throughout my career, I have been behind the scenes of some of the most viral moments the internet has seen I've witnessed first-hand the darker side of virality that few discuss, understanding the hidden dangers that accompany instant fame. Going viral once meant the entire internet would pause and they talked about you, with local media coverage, talk show appearances, and a united celebration of a viral moment. However, with the diversification of platforms, and the increase of creators, going viral now happens every single hour of every single day. What was once 15 minutes of fame has now become as little as 15 seconds.

The Crash Effect

As someone who has made a name and career knowing precisely how to make a brand go viral, I can say that it's not something you want to happen to you. I have named going viral the ‘Crash Effect’ because it happens quickly, it's messy, and it often leaves people hurt in the process. When virality strikes, millions suddenly look at every aspect of an individual's or brand's online presence. The immense pressure of newfound fame leaves most paralyzed, with the same people praising you now likely to comment on how you ‘fell off’ months later. Consequently, the person who went viral is left standing in the shadows of their viral moment.

A Sustainable Approach to Building a Brand

I often sit face-to-face with CMOs (= Chief Marketing Officer) from around the world, explaining how a more sustainable approach to brand-building involves taking care of a strong community and creating loyal followers. If they invest in relationships that keep going for several years, a brand can maintain their importance in a constantly changing world through steady, increasing growth.

The Crash Effect on Businesses

The ‘crash’ effect continues to disrupt what was once considered normal. Companies I have worked with often wish their site had crashed rather than having to deal with the consequences of viral success. Those who make it past the initial increase soon realize they forgot to put quantity restrictions on their items, never considering that selling too much might be just as bad as selling nothing at all. Enthusiastic founders, who bite off more than they can chew and accept 100,000 orders often find themselves on the MATCH list a few months later.

The MATCH (Member Alert to Control High-Risk Merchants) is a database maintained by MasterCard to see which sellers have caused problems in the past such as excessive chargebacks or fraud.

virality: to go viral easily diversification: to include more different types or things to be paralyzed: unable to move or act to fall off: to decrease in amount or quality sustainable: able to continue over a period of time a chargeback: paying money back to a customer

40 The Art of Keeping Your Virality

Adapted from: LinkedIn Pulse, Ishan Goel

a What type of text is this? a newspaper article a blogpost an excerpt from a book

b How do you know this?

c What is the purpose of the text?

d How would you describe the job of Ishan Goel?

e Why does Ishan say that “selling too much might be just as bad as selling nothing at all”?

f Which explanation matches the idiom ‘bite off more than they can chew’ best? to eat more food than you should to take a big bite and choke on something to try and do something that is too difficult for you to try and fix something without the knowledge

g Use the words from the box to complete the sentences. to buckle under – fame – to influence – an increase – personality –to ride on the fame – to go viral

1 In the world of social media, many people want and become popular

2 It takes a strong to handle the pressures and criticisms that come with being in the public eye.

3 Some influencers try to of others by copying viral videos. They are not original at all!

4 A sudden in followers can be overwhelming for some influencers, leading to difficulties in managing the new attention.

I make my living making things and people go viral, but I get paid more for strategizing and managing the aftermath of virality. It is a dangerous game, and only a few have managed to control the true power of a viral moment. Most buckle under the pressure, showing that a slow and steady growth is better than a short viral fame. one

hundred and sixty-seven

5 That influencer refused to the pressure of that big brand. He even stopped their collaboration!

6 The desire to others positively is a common motivation for individuals who want a career in social media.

7 I know some influencers just want money and

Check: vocabulary ‘influencers and social media’ Yes I think soNo

Ik ken de woordenschat rond influencers en sociale media.

Ik kan relevante informatie selecteren uit een Engelse tekst rond sociale media.

6 Look at the underlined verbs in the text The Dark Side of Going Viral. Answer the questions.

a Which two tenses do you recognise? Put the underlined verbs into the correct column.

Tense:

Tense:

b Explain the difference between these two sentences:

1 That influencer collaborated with a huge brand in 2022!

2 That influencer has collaborated with a huge brand since 2022!

c Put both sentences on the timeline

d Do you remember how and when to use the past simple? Scan the QR-code to refresh your memory and look at the list of the irregular verbs in the summary.

How to spot the difference between the present perfect simple and the past simple?

REMEMBER? See p. 195

GRAMMAR

The present perfect simple The past simple

The present perfect simple is used when the time period of the action has not finished OR when there is a link with the present.

e.g. I have seen 2 episodes of Catfish this week.

The past simple is used when the time period has finished.

e.g. I saw 2 episodes of Catfish last week.

Sentences with ‘for’ and ‘since’.

For is used for duration

→ for + a period of time

e.g. I have lived in Melbourne for five years.

→ I still live in Melbourne.

e.g. I lived in Melbourne for five years.

→ I no longer live in Melbourne.

Since is used for a starting point → since + a point in time

e.g. I have lived here since I was 10 years old.

→ I am 20 years old and I still live in Melbourne.

We often use a past simple after since: e.g. He has had that nickname since he went viral.

e Complete the sentences with either a past simple or a present perfect simple form. Highlight the time indication if there is one.

1 She (to start) her YouTube channel last year.

2 She (to gain) thousands of followers since she (to start) her blog five years ago.

3 He (not, to upload) any content on Instagram yesterday.

4 We (to reach) a million subscribers since our latest video.

5 Sarah (never, to collaborate) with famous brands before this campaign.

6 The influencer (to visit) three countries this month for promotional events.

7 The vlogger (already, to achieve) significant success in just six months.

8 They (to attend) the social media conference last week.

9 He (to post) several photos on his blog last weekend.

10 He (to see) an increase in engagement on his posts since he partnered with that brand.

f Write correct sentences about the life of these influencers, using the past simple or the present perfect simple

start to/discuss/beauty products/in 2020

only/to promote/sustainable fashion/for 3 years now

g Write another sentence about their lives, but make sure to use the other tense. Mind your time indicators

h Write down three interesting facts about yourself and social media. Make sure to use the correct tense. You can tell these facts to another classmate, and discuss them.

Things that I discovered about (classmate’s name) are the following:

Check: past simple and present perfect simple Yes I think soNo Ik ken het verschil tussen de ‘past simple’ en ‘present perfect simple’ en kan deze correct vormen.

7 Reading and analysing infographics about social media.

a Go to the interactive picture and look at the first infographic about social media. Answer the following questions.

1 Which of these social media platforms do you frequently use?

2 Do you know of any other social media platforms that are not mentioned in the infographic?

3 Name the top three apps with the most monthly active users from the infographic.

4 Look up the top three of social media platforms nowadays. Are there any differences?

5 Discuss this top three in class. Is this the same in your class, or do you have a different top three? one hundred and seventy-one

6 There is often a difference in age of the users. With the information from the infographic, what can you tell about the users of Facebook and TikTok?

7 Besides individuals, who else is active on social media platforms? Name the platforms that mention them as well.

8 What information can you find in the infographic about the United States and social media?

1

2

b Look at this second infographic and answer the questions.

As of January 2024, there are 5.04 billion social media users worldwide

Over the past 12 months, the number of active social media users increased by

190 million

indicating 4.2% annual growth, with 6 new average users joining every single second An average social media user uses

6.7different social platforms every month

A typical social media user spends almost 2.5 hours on average every day using social media The world spends more than

More than 75% of the eligible global population now uses social media

12 billion hours every day using social media

60% of TikTok’s users are under 25 since 2024 eMarketeer predicts that the percentage of Facebook users under 25 years dropped from 31 million users in 2020 to 25.3 million users in 2023

Adapted from: Statusbrew

1 The infographic mentions that an average user uses nearly seven social media platforms. Write down your personal list of platforms you use. Compare your list with other students.

2 How many hours does an average user spend per day on social media? Is this more or less than you do?

c Choose 3 statistics that surprised you the most. Explain why using your own words. Report your opinion to the rest of the class.

d Look up some of the numbers about the social media platforms. Has the data changed drastically? Note down your findings and report them to the class.

DID YOU KNOW?

In the history of influencing, it is said that the Queen and the Pope used to promote the use of medicine by common people. We can consider them the first known influencers. In the 1760s, King George III of the United Kingdom supported the pottery of Josiah Wedgwood by giving his royal stamp of approval.

Check: reading and analysing an infographic Yes I think soNo Ik kan informatie lezen en analyseren in een Engelstalige infographic.

Checklist: Learning about influencers and social media

Wat kan ik al?

Wat lukt nog niet goed? Wat moet ik doen om dat onderdeel beter te kunnen?

one hundred and seventy-three

TIME TO CHECK YOURSELF

1 Write down words from the vocabulary about identity and catfishing.

a Complete the grid with words that fit the description.

1 when you pretend to be someone else online

2 a fake name used to hide your true identity

3 to notice something 4 both sides of a situation

5 controls to limit things online

b Complete the grid with words that are the opposite. 1 honest 2 guilty 3 pleasing 4 to release

5 false ex. 1 Ik kan in het Engels woorden gebruiken rond identiteit en catfishing. Yes I think soNo

Time to catch up? ex. 1

Time to get ahead? ex. 6

2 Write down a correct sentence with the present perfect simple tense. Make sure to place the adverb correctly in the sentence.

1 They/never/to form/social identity.

2 The catfish/to create/already/a lot of/fake profiles.

3 She/just/to start/catfishing?

4 I/to share/not/personal information/yet/with my online friend!

5 You/to see /already/my latest blogpost?

6 He/still/not/to follow/any influencer/online.

7 I/to have/never/a celebrity crush.

Ik kan werkwoorden vervoegen in de ‘present perfect simple’. Yes I think soNo

ex. 2

Time to catch up? ex. 2

Time to get ahead? ex. 7

Ik kan de adverbs die bij een ‘present perfect simple’ horen correct in een zin plaatsen.

Time to catch up? ex. 3

Time to get ahead? ex. 8

Yes I think soNo

3 Use the following words in a sentence so that their meaning becomes clear.

1 an increase:

2 to buckle under something:

3 to influence:

4 to ride the fame: ex. 3

Ik kan in het Engels woorden gebruiken gebruiken rond influencers en sociale media.

Time to catch up? ex. 4

Yes I think soNo

Time to get ahead? ex. 9 one hundred and seventy-five

4 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the past simple or present perfect simple.

Hey there! (you, to see) Jessica’s latest post on Instagram?

No, (not, to check) it yet. What is it?

She (to travel) to Bali last month, and her photos look amazing!

Wow, she (to visit) so many places recently. She really (to become) quite the influencer.

Definitely. I remember when she (to start) her blog a few years ago. She (to work) hard back then and quickly (to gain) a following.

Yeah, and now she has thousands of followers. It’s impressive.

Absolutely. I wonder where she will go to next.

ex. 4 Ik kan werkwoorden vervoegen in de ‘past simple’ en de ‘present perfect simple’ en kies de correcte tijd. Yes I think soNo Time to catch up? ex. 5 Time to get ahead? ex. 9

Ready? Tick off the exercises you have to do on page 177-186.

TIME TO PRACTISE

time to catch up

1 Match the words about identity and catfishing to their correct definition.

innocent dishonest online harassment

anxiety to be emotionally invested authentic

privacy settings offensive

Score ex. 1 < 6 >/= 6

relating to real characteristics

not being guilty of any wrongdoing

settings that control who can see certain information

to get involved in something

the act of causing harm on the internet

showing a lack of honesty or integrity

causing someone to feel hurt, upset or angry

a feeling of worry or unease

Well done!

2 Listen to the song Have You Ever by The Famous Class. a Fill in the missing present perfect simple tense. 1 5 10

Have

You

Ever…

something? dead inside? the need to run and hide? in such a mess? you’ your best?

Here’s news to you, well so have I So have I

Every time you came to me I’d give you everything you’d need

But when I’ , it’s through I’d hear the stuff they’d say about you So blind, I never had a clue

Now knowing if the words you say were true

b Give your opinion about the song.

Do you remember how to give your opinion? Check the useful expressions in the summary to refresh your memory. See p. 53

Score ex. 2 < 4 >/= 4 Well done!

3 Look at this exercise about the adverbs. ever – never – already – just – still – yet a Fill in the gaps and choose the correct adverb from the box.

1 Have you been to a concert?

2 She has finished her homework.

3 They haven't arrived

4 I ate lunch, and I'm hungry again.

5 We have visited that museum; such a pity!

6 I can’t believe he hasn’t liked my story yet!

7 The movie hasn't started b Match the sentences with the correct adverb. They _______ haven’t found out his true identity. 2 Has she _______ travelled to Europe? No, never. 3 He has _______ arrived at the party. He entered a minute ago. 4 I haven’t checked my email _______ . 5

Score ex. 3 < 9 >/= 9 Well done! They have _______ booked their tickets for the concert. 1 still D yet C ever B just A already E 12345

4 Tick off the correct word from the vocabulary about influencers and social media to complete these sentences.

1 The video quickly gained ___________ after being shared on social media. fame personality increase

2 Her charming ___________ has made her a favourite among the audience. follower influence personality

3 He experienced a sudden ___________ of followers after the successful event. fame increase influence

4 It’s important not to ___________ under pressure but stay strong. buckle ride influence

5 The campaign aims to ___________ young minds positively. influence go viral ride on Score ex. 4 < 3

5 Complete the story. Conjugate the verbs using either the present perfect simple or the past simple tense.

The Rise of a Social Media Star

Once upon a time, there (to be) a girl named Mia. She (to start) her journey as a social media influencer when she (to create) her first Instagram account three years ago. At first, she (not, to have) many followers, but she (to work) hard to create engaging content.

Mia's breakthrough (to come) when she (to collaborate) with a popular beauty brand last summer. She (to promote) their products on her social media platforms since then, which (to attract) a lot of attention. As a result, her follower count (to increase) significantly in just a few weeks. See p. 169

However, Mia (to face) challenges along the way. She (often, to receive) negative comments from some people, but she (to learn) to ignore them and focus on her passion for creating content. Despite the setbacks, she never (to give up) on her dream of becoming a successful influencer.

Recently, Mia (to reach) an important milestone –she (to hit) one million followers on Instagram! Last week, she (to celebrate) this achievement with her loyal followers by hosting a giveaway.

As Mia (to reflect) on her journey so far, she (to realise) how much she (to grow) both personally and professionally. Since she (to start) she (to meet) amazing people and (to visit) beautiful places, all thanks to her passion for social media.

Now, Mia plans to expand her presence on other platforms and to continue inspiring others with her content. Give her a follow!

Score ex. 5 < 16 >/= 16

Well done!

hundred and eighty-one

time to get ahead

6 Use the words from the box to complete the sentence. Explain the remaining words in a sentence so their meaning becomes clear. an accurate picture – anxiety – authenticity – both sides of the coin – to capture – to deactivate – dishonest – to fall victim to – offensive – pseudonym

1 She felt some about meeting new people, especially in large social gatherings.

2 The artist wanted to maintain the of his work by avoiding mass production.

3 He used a when discussing controversial topics online to protect his identity.

4 The video of the cute kitten managed to the hearts of millions on the internet.

5 Many celebrities choose to their social media accounts temporarily, to focus on their mental health.

6 It’s important to consider before forming an opinion on a complex issue.

7 The politician tried to present of his opponent’s true intentions to win over some voters.

8 Unfortunately, she a phishing scam, and lost all her personal information.

9

10

7 My social media journey

a Complete the text by putting the verb into the present perfect simple, or past simple tense.

1

5 Social Media Journey

Yesterday, Sarah (to try) a new recipe for her cooking vlog. Today she tasted it and it is a delicious recipe! She (never, to eat) something from this snack chef before. While she was cooking yesterday, her favourite Instagram influencer, Alex, (to post) a stunning photo from the beach. The post is part of a series of breath-taking images that Alex (to share) lately.

Her brother Mike has a different hobby. The video game Quest for Europe (to be) a huge hit among young adults last year. By now, many players (already, to complete) all the levels. In fact, Mike, who (already, to visit) three different countries this year, attributes some of his travel inspiration to the game.

Her friend Lisa’s YouTube channel (to gain) a lot of subscribers since she (to start) sharing content about sustainable living. She (to attend) an online workshop on personal branding last month, which significantly contributed to her success.

Although many people have tried the latest sustainable living trend, not everyone found it suitable. Surprisingly, some (never, to hear) about the social media challenge until Lisa’s new video from today.

A viral meme (recently, to spread) across social media like wildfire. It quickly (to become) a trending topic. Discussions about it (to become) a common thread in online communities since then.

While Sarah is fine-tuning last week’s recipe, Lisa is hosting a live broadcast on her channel to talk about her studies. While she (not, to finish) the assignment yet, she is talking to her online community who (to turn) the platform into a supportive space for creative minds. She (already, to achieve) so much in her career at such a young age.

Last night, Sarah (to watch) a live stream by a popular gamer, with Mike. It (to be) a shared experience between sister and brother who have love for the virtual world. Moments like these (to show) the diverse, and dynamic, nature of the social media journey they have shared since they were 10. one hundred and eighty-three

8 Rewrite the sentences using the adverbs ‘ever, never, just, still and already’. There can be more than one correct answer. Conjugate the verb in the present perfect simple.

1 She (to reach) 10,000 followers on Instagram.

2 (To be, you) catfished on social media? It’s a common occurrence nowadays.

3 Sarah (to post) a picture of her new outfit on her Instagram story.

4 Despite his efforts, Tom (not, to manage) to find his true identity online.

5 (To watch, you) the last video from your favourite influencer? It's trending on all platforms.

6 He (to update) his profile picture after using the same one for five years now.

7 Many people (to regret) sharing too much personal information online.

9 The effect of social media on young minds. Read the text.

a Read the text.

b Complete the sentences in the text.

1 Complete the missing vocabulary from influencers and social media - the first letter is given.

2 Fill in the correct verb form: either use a past simple or a present perfect simple tense

3 Fill in the gaps (a to g) with a word from the box below: addictive – critical – impact – popularity – to promote – role models – trendsetters

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/readersblog/drhemantbareth/the-impact-of-social-media-influencers-on-young-minds-navigating-the-positive-and-negative-effects-50818/

The impact of social media i on young minds: Navigating the positive and negative effects

@DrHemantBareth FEB 23, 2023, 16:39 IST

Social media (to revolutionize) the way we connect and interact with each other since it first appeared online. It , over the past few years, (also, to give) rise to a new phenomenon: the social media influencer. Influencers are individuals who (to gather) a large following on social media platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube, and who are able to i their followers’ opinions and behaviours. While influencers can have a positive impact, there (to be) a growing concern about their effect on young minds for a few years now.

Influencers are often perceived as (a) and (b) , particularly among young people. They are often seen as the embodiment of success, (c) , and beauty.

Up until now this (to lead) to a rise in the trend of ‘aspirational’ content, where influencers showcase their luxurious lifestyles, and (d) products that promise to make their followers more like them.

Social media platforms are designed to be (e) , and many young people spend hours scrolling through their feeds, comparing themselves to others.

Past studies (to show) proof that some influencers (to create) and (to edit) their content and they (to do) so with a definitive goal in mind: so they (can) create a distorted, more attractive view of reality.

one hundred and eighty-five

Recent studies show us that this (to lead) young people to feel that they are not measuring up to their peers, or to the idealized version of themselves that they see online.

It is important to know that influencers are not always bad or harmful. Many use their platforms to promote positive messages, such as body positivity, mental health awareness, and social justice. However, it is important to be (f) of the content that we consume, and to question the motives behind it. Influencers are often paid to promote products, so their content may not be entirely a

In conclusion, social media influencers can have a powerful (g) on young minds, both positive and negative. While we should be careful about the potential risks, we should also know that influencers can be positive role models, and a source of inspiration. By promoting media literacy and critical thinking, we can help young people to navigate the world of social media in a healthy and productive way.

Adapted from: timesofindia.indiatimes.com, Bareth Hemant

c Who wrote this text?

d What type of text is this?

e What is the purpose of the text?

f Name two positive and two negative aspects about influencers or social media mentioned in the text.

YOUR TIME

1 The true identity behind the mask or pseudonym

a Several famous people use a pseudonym or stage name. Match the real name and the stage name to the picture of the celebrities.

Bruno Mars 1

Lana Del Rey 2

Miley Cyrus 3

Calvin Harris 4

Vin Diesel 5

Elizabeth Woolridge Grant A

Mark Sinclair Vincent B

Peter Gene Hernandez C

Destiny Hope D

Adam Richard Wiles E

b Look up other real names of celebrities or artists. Let your fellow students guess who you’re talking about. Discuss your list of names in class.

c Your teacher will give you a list of names of people with a hidden identity instead of a stage name. You can also pick someone that’s not on the list.

d Go online to look up information about your chosen person. Add the information to the grid. You can add extra info in the empty boxes. one

hundred and eighty-seven

Famous for: Age: Nationality:

Name

e Summarise your findings and prepare a presentation. Your teacher will give you a list of criteria for the presentation. You can note down bullet points for your presentation below. Present your findings to the class. Do you remember how to give a presentation? You can use the strategy sheet on diddit to refresh your memory.

f Try to ask questions, and give feedback to other students’ presentations. Be sure to ask questions when something is unclear

How to ask for extra information?

What do you mean by …?

Could you repeat that please?

I’m sorry, could you speak more slowly?

I can’t hear you very well. Could you speak up a bit?

2 Your social media usage

a Observe and analyse your own social media habits for a week.

USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

b Identify the amount of time spent daily, types of content or influencers you engaged with, what did you post yourself …

c How do you feel about your social media usage? Would you call yourself addicted?

d Go online to create an infographic with the data you collected. Hand in your infographic to your teacher, or present it to the class. Compare your data with that of other students.

3 Social media addiction: watch the video and answer the questions.

a What is mimetic desire? (tip: think about a mime)

b Give an example of mimetic desire.

c Which two things does mimetic desire influence? our finances our mental health being able to make friends addiction to social media our emotional health

d The ‘external mediator of desire’ shows people who are outside of our personal world. Name some of the people you see in the video.

e The others are called ‘internal mediator of desire’. Why is it easier to become jealous of them than of the previous group?

f What is ‘transcendence’? going down the stairs going beyond ordinary limits a type of dance

g Place the following people into the correct column: an actress – a colleague – a famous singer – a friend – an influencer –your neighbour – the president – a sister

mediator of desire

h Where does our desire come from according to the speaker?

i Try to summarise the ending of the speaker into one sentence.

mediator of desire

j If you look at your personal experiences, do you become more easily jealous of external or internal mediators and why? Discuss your experiences in class afterwards.

4 Social media addiction awareness poster

a Look up information about social media addiction. Topics you can discuss are: the biggest age group of users; when you are addicted; what the effects of addiction are; etc. Write down your findings below.

1 Which age group is the largest to be social media addicted?

2 How much time do you have to spend to be addicted?

3 What are other signs of a social media addiction?

4 What are the side-effects?

5 What are the causes of a social media addiction?

6 How can you overcome social media addiction?

Other interesting information I have found is:

b Try looking into detox tips. For example how can you stop a social media addiction? Are there any apps or resorts to help you? Write down your findings below.

c Bundle all the information you have found, and create a social media addiction awareness poster. You can use online tools, or draw it yourself. Make sure to use the checklist below.

Check yourself

I looked up plenty of information about social media addiction. I looked up plenty of information about detoxing from social media.

The poster clearly shows its purpose.

The poster provides relevant information about social media addiction.

The poster includes tips on how to detox from, or prevent, social media addiction.

The poster shows the benefits of limiting social media usage.

The statistics or facts on the poster are from trustworthy sources. The poster contains clear language and is aimed at a correct audience.

The poster is visually pleasing.

d Once finished, put up all the posters in the classroom. Walk around and have a look at the posters and the other students’ tips. Maybe these tips can help you as well.

Checklist: your time

Ik kan informatie opzoeken, deze samenvatten en voorbrengen a.d.h.v. een presentatie.

Ik kan betrouwbare bronnen selecteren tijdens online opzoekwerk.

Ik kan om extra informatie vragen tijdens een presentatie.

Ik kan reflecteren over mijn gebruik van sociale media en dit visueel weergeven aan de hand van digitale tools.

Ik kan relevante informatie selecteren uit een Engelstalig videofragment over verslaving aan sociale media.

Ik kan een poster maken over verslaving aan sociale media.

Wat kan ik al?

Wat lukt nog niet goed? Wat moet ik doen om dat onderdeel beter te kunnen?

SUMMARY

1 IDENTITY AND CATFISHING VOCABULARY

Words Translation

My notes an accurate picture of something/someone een accuraat beeld van iets/ iemand anxiety angst authentic authentiek authenticity authenticiteit both sides of the coinbeide kanten van een situatie to capture vastleggen to catfish een valse identiteit aannemen to deactivate deactiveren dishonest oneerlijk to be emotionally invested emotioneel geïnvesteerd zijn to be exposedblootgesteld worden to fall victim toslachtoffer worden an identity een identiteit innocent onschuldig offensive beledigend online harassmentonline intimidatie a privacy setting een privacy instelling a pseudonym een pseudoniem/een schuilnaam to spot opmerken a variety of een verscheidenheid aan

2 INFLUENCERS AND SOCIAL MEDIA

Words Translation

My notes to buckle under something bezwijken onder iets fame beroemdheid a follower een volger an increase een stijging to influence beïnvloeden a personality een persoonlijkheid to ride on something gebruik maken van iets to go viral viraal gaan

HOW TO form and use the present perfect simple tense?

WHEN TO use the present perfect simple tense?

We use the present perfect simple for:

1 something that started in the past and continues up to the present: e.g. They've lived in Manchester all their life. e.g. He has watched every video from that famous Youtuber since he started in 2020.

2 when talking about experiences up to the present: e.g. I've seen that film before e.g. He’s followed that blogger ever since he was a teenager.

‘Since’ and ‘before’ are examples of time indicators

HOW TO use the present perfect simple tense?

The present perfect simple is formed using the present tense of the auxiliary verb to have, and the past participle of the main verb.

- regular verbs: +ed/d/t - irregular verbs: check the list of irregular verbs on diddit

Rule: subject + have/has (not) + past participle (+ rest of sentence)

The positive form

You have posted a story.

My grandma has learnt how to use a smartphone.

It has updated the settings. They have received a notification.

The negative form

You have not posted a story.

My grandma has not learnt how to use a smartphone.

It has not updated the settings. They have not received a notification.

HOW TO use the adverbs‘ever’ and ‘never’ with the present perfect simple tense?

The adverb ‘ever’ is used to talk about general experiences up to the present: e.g. My last birthday was the worst I have ever had

The adverb ‘never’ is used for the negative form: e.g. Have you ever met an online friend?

Yes, but I’ve never gone somewhere private the first time.

The adverbs ‘ever’ and ‘never’ are placed between the auxiliary verb ‘have’ and the past participle.

HOW TO ask questions with the present perfect simple?

1 Yes/no questions

e.g. Have you seen her new photo? Yes, I have! / No I have not/haven’t

Rule: Have/has (not) + subject + past participle (+ rest of sentence) + ?

2 WH-questions

e.g. Where have you seen your online crush?

I haven’t met her yet. She has always come up with a last minute excuse.

Rule: WH-word + have/has (not) + subject + past participle (+ rest of sentence) + ?

HOW TO use and where to place the adverbs ‘just, yet, still and already’?

just Meaning: ‘a short time before’, events that recently occurred.

Use: just is used to indicate that an action has occurred very recently.

e.g. I’ve just watched her latest vlog.

Rule: the adverb just is placed in front of the auxiliary verb have.

yet Meaning: ‘any time up to now’, used to emphasise you expect something to happen.

Use: yet is most often used in negative sentences or in questions.

e.g. Have you liked my latest photo yet? No, I haven’t had the time yet!

Rule: the adverb yet is normally placed at the end of the sentence.

still Meaning: something hasn’t happed while you expected it to happen.

Use: still is used in negative sentences.

e.g. My online match still hasn’t facetimed me today!

Rule: the adverb still is placed in front of the auxiliary verb have.

already Meaning: something happened ‘before now’ or before expected.

Use: already is only used in positive sentences.

e.g. I have already spent five hours chatting with her.

Rule: the adverb already is placed between the auxiliary verb have and the past participle.

HOW TO spot the difference between the present perfect simple and the past simple?

The present perfect simple

The present perfect simple is used when the time period of the action has not finished OR when there is a link with the present.

e.g. I have seen 2 episodes of Catfish this week.

The past simple

The past simple is used when the time period has finished.

e.g. I saw 2 episodes of Catfish last week.

Sentences with ‘for’ and ‘since’.

For is used for duration → for + a period of time

e.g. I have lived in Melbourne for five years.

→ I still live in Melbourne.

e.g. I lived in Melbourne for five years. → I no longer live in Melbourne.

Since is used for a starting point → since + a point in time

e.g. I have lived here since I was 10 years old.

→ I am 20 years old and I still live in Melbourne.

We often use a past simple after since: e.g. He has had that nickname since he went viral.

HOW TO use the irregular verbs in the past simple?

Infinitive Past simple Translation to be was - were zijn to become became worden to begin began beginnen to bite bit bijten to break broke breken to bring brought brengen to buy bought kopen to catch caught vangen to choose chose kiezen to come came komen one

Infinitive

Past simple Translation to cost cost kosten to do did doen to drink drank drinken to drive drove rijden to eat ate eten to fall fell vallen to feel felt voelen to find found vinden to fly flew vliegen to forget forgot vergeten to get got krijgen, nemen to give gave geven to go went gaan to grow grew groeien to have had hebben to hear heard horen to hide hid (zich) verbergen to keep kept houden to know knew weten to leave left weggaan, verlaten to lose lost verliezen to make made maken to meet met ontmoeten to pay paid betalen to put put zetten to quit quit ophouden, weggaan to read read lezen

Infinitive

Past simple Translation to ride rode rijden to rise rose omhooggaan to run ran rennen to say said zeggen to see saw zien to sell sold verkopen to send sent verzenden to show showed tonen to sing sang zingen to sit sat zitten to sleep slept slapen to speak spoke spreken to spend spent uitgeven to stand stood staan to steal stole stelen to swim swam zwemmen to take took nemen to teach taught onderwijzen to tell told vertellen to think thought denken to understand understood begrijpen to wear wore dragen to write wrote schrijven

On diddit you can find an extensive list with the 'past particle'.

HOW TO ask for extra information?

What do you mean by … ?

Could you repeat that please?

I’m sorry, could you speak more slowly?

I can’t hear you very well. Could you speak up a bit?

UNIT 5: JUST SAY NO!

once upon a time p. 200

Learning about addictions p. 201 Time to catch up p. 226 Time to get ahead p. 228 your time p. 233

markeer de instructietaal in het hoofdstuk. wat betekenen de woorden? bespreek. highlight tick off look circle match complete describe fill in

(a question) write (an answer)

talk about ask (a question) answer (a question) read listen watch

ONCE UPON A TIME

1 What do you see in the picture?

2 Which words that are related to the picture do you already know?

3 Watch the video. What do you want to learn about in this unit?

1 Learning about addictions

1 Read the text about 6 Strange 'Addictions'.

a Look at the following words before you read the text. Tick off the words you already know.

Getting Tattooed & Eating Human Ashes: 6 Strange 'Addictions'

By Tanya Lewis published

February 07, 2015

Many people get cravings for a cigarette or a glass of wine. But what about a powerful desire to get tattooed or eat human ashes?

Merriam-Webster defines an addiction as "a strong and harmful need to regularly have something (such as a drug), or do something (such as gamble)," or "an unusually great interest in something, or a need to do or have something."

But there are things that people develop cravings for that psychologists may not recognize as true addictions. Although these fixations are not in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), we've dug up a few of the perhaps stranger obsessions people have been known to have. (Note: don't try these at home.)

Have you ever had a friend who loved to chew ice? Well, the tendency to compulsively chew and consume excessive amounts of ice actually has a name: Pagophagia. The habit is a form of pica, a condition that comes with a tendency to eat non-food items that have no nutritional value, such as clay, ground or paper. Chewing ice may be a sign of iron deficiency, anemia, according to the Mayo Clinic. Less often, pica can be a sign of emotional problems, such as stress, or obsessive-compulsive disorder

to develop: to grow or change into a stronger form a tendency: If someone has a tendency to do something, they will probably do it. nutritional: relating to food and drinks deficiency: not having enough of something anemia: a medical condition in which there are not enough red blood cells in the blood two hundred and one

Eating human ashes

A woman who eats the ashes of her cremated husband is just one of the people with an unusual obsession who was profiled on the TV series My Strange Addiction, which airs on TLC. The woman in the episode, named Casie, was apparently so saddened by her husband's death that she carried an urn of his ashes everywhere she went. One day, some of the ashes got on her finger, and rather than dust them off, she decided to lick them. Since then, she has consumed about a pound of her husband's remains, according to TLC.

Tanning

Everyone enjoys a sunny day at the beach, but the reason for some people's enjoyment may have a darker side. Tanning – whether outside, or in tanning booths – may actually be addictive, according to researchers at The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston. The scientists published a study in 2005 in the journal Archives of Dermatology that found that up to 53 percent of beachgoers met the diagnostic criteria to be classified as "ultraviolet light tanning-dependent."

The addiction may be based on the fact that when the body is exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light, it produces mood-boosting chemicals called endorphins, the researchers said. Another study by researchers at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center found that people who tan eight to fifteen times a month experience withdrawal symptoms when they are deprived of UV-light. But studies show that tanning poses a health risk, because exposure to UV light is linked to developing skin cancer.

Getting tattoos

One in five U.S. adults has a tattoo, according to a 2012 Harris poll. While the behavior rarely crosses over into a true addiction, many people say there's no such thing as just getting one tattoo. Some people may crave the endorphins that the body releases in response to the pain of going under the needle; others may use the physical pain as a psychological distraction from their emotional pain, according to wiseGEEK.org.

Internet addiction

Yes, you might have this one. Internet addiction disorder, also known as problematic internet use or compulsive internet use, refers to people using a computer excessively — whether it be for gaming, social media or pornography — a usage that interferes with daily life. Studies guess that approximately 9 million Americans could be labelled as "pathological computer users, addicted to the internet to the detriment of work, study, and social life," according to a 2009 report published in the journal CyberPsychology & Behavior

to air: to broadcast, to show on TV to deprive of: to take something, especially something necessary or pleasant, away from someone to interfere with: to involve yourself in a situation when your involvement is not wanted or is not helpful pathological: unable to control a part of your behaviour a detriment: causing harm or damage to

Drinking air freshener

Another episode of My Strange Addiction featured a woman named Evelyn, who is addicted to drinking air freshener. The 20-something woman from Missouri spritzes the cleaning mist into her mouth up to 50 times a day and goes through 20 cans of air freshener a week, the Washington Post reported. The habit began when an automatic air freshener dispenser in her house accidentally sprayed onto Evelyn's drinking glass as she was walking past, and she found she liked the taste. Her favorite flavor is "fresh linen", she said.

Adapted from: livescience.com, Tanya Lewis

b What is the topic of the text?

c Describe the main idea of the text in one sentence.

d What is the purpose of this text?

e Look at the definition of an addiction according to the text. How would you rephrase this in your own words?

f What is ‘pica’?

g Explain in your own words why Casie started eating human ashes.

h What does ‘ultraviolet light tanning-dependent' mean?

i Which health risk is linked to tanning?

j Which two reasons are given for why people want a tattoo?

k Do you think these strange addictions are life threatening? Discuss.

l Do you have a strange addiction/obsession? Do you know someone who has? Discuss in class.

2 Look at the interactive picture and discover the words related to addictions and mental health. Listen to the pronunciation and check the spelling.

3 Look at the pictures. Who do you recognise?

4 Read the definitions. Write down the correct word concerning addictions and mental health next to each one.

1 a person whose work is to study the human mind

2 the act of killing yourself intentionally

3 an OD: too much of a drug taken or given at one time

4 the process of helping someone to stop taking drugs or alcohol

5 to return to a previous bad condition after making an improvement

6 someone who cannot stop taking dangerous drugs

7 to stop taking a drug immediately

5 Give a synonym for the underlined words. Choose from the box. an alcoholic – a desire – to be hooked on – narcotics – to be sober

1 My brother has been clean for over two months.

2 When I was pregnant I had the strangest craving!

3 I have been addicted to sugar my entire life.

4 Pablo Escobar went to prison for dealing drugs.

5 Amy Winehouse was a drunk.

6 Complete the sentences with a correct word about addictions and mental health.

1 Sandra had last year: she felt very unhappy and didn’t have any hope for the future.

2 My father brought me to after he found out I was a drug

3 Kate’s teenage sister can have a lot of swings; one moment she is happy, the next she feels down.

4 I -watched the series Breaking Bad; I even watched at night!

5 At the festival, a lot of alcohol was

6 In Belgium, the minimum age for is 21.

7 Every time I watch a romantic film, I cry. I’m such an person.

8 Zayd had surgery last week; luckily, he is well.

The Times Celebrities Have Spoken Out About Addiction Struggles

Addiction plagues the lives of millions every day. Whether it be the seduction of your smartphone or, on a more serious note, a dependency on an illegal substance, addiction is at the core of the human condition — and it doesn’t discriminate either. While fame and fortune may be an extraordinary gift to any lifestyle, many in Hollywood give in to alcoholism and substance abuse to ease the overwhelming pressures of everyday life. Below, some of the celebrities who have openheartedly discussed the details of their own addictions.

Brad Pitt

Brad Pitt has revealed he spent a year in Alcoholics Anonymous following his divorce from Angelina Jolie, and that he has "removed" his "drinking privileges" as a result.

The Once Upon a Time in Hollywood star told The New York Times, "I had taken things as far as I could take it, so I removed my drinking privileges." He then went on to explain what AA was like: "You had all these men sitting around being open and honest in a way I have never heard. It was this safe space where there was little judgment, and therefore little judgment of yourself."

In May 2017, Pitt admitted to GQ that he couldn't remember a day "since college" when he hadn't smoked marijuana. "I was boozing too much. It’s just become a problem", he said. "I can’t remember a day since I got out of college when I wasn’t boozing, or had a spliff, or something," he said. "I mean, we have a winery. I enjoy wine very, very much, but I just ran it to the ground. I had to step away for a minute."

He continued, "Truthfully, I could drink a Russian under the table with his own vodka. I was a professional. I was good."

a dependency: an inability to stop doing something harmful, or using something harmful, especially a drug two hundred and five

Demi Lovato

Demi Lovato has always been brutally honest with their fans about all aspects of their life, especially their addiction. In their 2017 documentary, Simply Complicated, the singer shed light on the depth of their fight with substance abuse, and their multiple health disorders.

"I wasn't ready to get sober", Demi says of their 2012 relapse. "I was sneaking [cocaine] on planes, I was sneaking it in bathrooms, sneaking it throughout the night... I went on a bender of like, two months, where I was using it daily.

"I would sneak out and get drugs; I would fake my drug tests with other people's pee. There was one night when I used a bunch of coke and I popped a few Xanax bars, and I began to choke a little bit. My heart started racing, and I thought to myself, Oh my God, I might be overdosing right now."

In 2018 Lovato celebrated six years of sobriety, however, has relapsed since.

The Weeknd

Before finding fame, Abel Tesfaya – aka The Weeknd – admits admits he found comfort in drugs, such as ketamine, cocaine, MDMA, mushrooms and cough syrup, as a way to escape the reality of his childhood.

"When I had nothing to do but make music, it was very heavy. Drugs were a crutch for me," he told The Guardian. "There were songs on my first record that were seven minutes long, rambling – whatever thoughts I was having when I was under the influence at the time. I can’t see myself doing that now."

Lady Gaga

Lady Gaga has never been shy about her drug use, often admitting that she has been "addicted to various things" since she was young. She couldn’t do without. After undergoing surgery in February 2013, the singer admitted she became addicted to marijuana, smoking 15 to 20 cigarettes a day with no tobacco, in order to ease the pain from her hip injury.

"I was living on a totally other psychedelic plane, numbing myself completely, and looking back I do see now that some of it had to do with my hip pain", Gaga told the Elvis Duran and The Z100 Morning Show.

"I didn’t know where the pain was coming from, so I was just in a lot of pain and very depressed all the time and not really sure why."

Source: www.marieclaire.com.au, Maddison Urquhart

a bender: a period during which a large amount of alcohol is drunk to ease: to make something bad less painful

a What is the purpose of this text?

b Who is this text meant for?

c Complete the following grid.

Name

Addiction

Why?

d Why are celebrities often addicted?

e Look at the underlined words in the text. Match them with the correct definition. If necessary, consult an online dictionary.

1 to drink a large amount of alcohol:

2 a cigarette containing cannabis:

3 to drink a lot more alcohol than someone else:

4 something that provides help, and you depend on:

f Look at the words in red. Do you recognize them? What do these words do to a sentence?

Check: vocabulary ‘celebrities and their addictions’ Yes I think soNo Ik begrijp een Engelstalige tekst over beroemdheden en hun verslavingen.

8 Do you remember how to use the modals? Go to the interactive picture and watch the instruction video or scan the QR code to refresh your memory. REMEMBER?

How to use modal verbs?

Do you remember how to use modal verbs? You can scan the QR code to refresh your memory.

We use modals to express a degree in which something is possible or not. We also use them to talk about obligation, ask or give permission and making an offer, request or promise.

Modal verbType

may permission possibility

mightpossibility

couldpast tense of ‘can’ permission possibility

willpromise offer request

wouldrequest

mustobligation conclusion

REMEMBER?

Example

More formal and polite

e.g. You may enter the room.

e.g. May I use your pen?

Weaker possibility (uncertainty about present or future)

e.g. There might be a chance of rain.

e.g. We could swim there when we were young.

More formal and polite than can e.g. Could I use your phone?

Weaker possibility

e.g. We could go on holiday if we pass our tests.

e.g. I will never leave you.

e.g. He will give you a lift home.

e.g. Will you carry my backpack please?

Less direct

e.g. Would you be quiet?

Stronger obligation than ‘have to’

e.g. Seat belts must be worn during take-off.

e.g. She is tall. She must be older than 8 years.

a Complete the sentences with a correct modal verb. Choose from the grid. could – may – might – must – will – would

1 We buy an electric car; ours is too old.

2 you like some coffee?

3 He come to the party if he’s home in time.

4 we keep our shoes on?

5 They be addicted to alcohol. We have found several empty bottles of whiskey in their room.

b Complete the sentences with a correct modal verb. Explain why you chose that modal verb: what type is it?

Sentence

There be a minimum of two people present at the meeting.

My parents always love me. Their love is unconditional.

I show you the way around the school.

I go to the toilet?

My brother go to Russia to study Russian.

I ask you a personal question? you come over for dinner this evening?

He go to bed early because he leaves for work at night.

The colour of this sweater be dark blue or black.

you make dinner?

When my grandmother was young, she easily lift 20 kg!

Type

Her grades go up or down depending on how she deals with the situation. two hundred and nine

c Look at the pictures. Can you write down a suitable sentence with a correct modal verb next to each picture?

Check: modal verbs

Ik ken de verschillende hulpwerkwoorden die een modaliteit uitdrukken.

Ik kan de verschillende modale hulpwerkwoorden in hun context gebruiken.

9 Watch the video: When fitness becomes a dangerous obsession.

a What is the purpose of this video? to give information to give an opinion to give instructions to entertain

b Who is K.K. Hart?

c What’s a runner’s high?

d How do you know someone is addicted to exercising? Give 3 examples.

e What should professionals look for in people with an exercise addiction?

f ‘The harder I work, the better it is’ is the wrong mindset. Which one should you follow?

g What does this mindset mean?

h What are the dangers of extreme exercising? Give 3 examples.

i Summarise in one sentence the most important message of this extract.

j Do you know someone who is addicted to exercising? Discuss in class.

k How would you react if someone exercised in an extreme way? Discuss in class.

Check: watching exercise addiction Yes I think soNo

Ik begrijp en kan vragen beantwoorden bij een Engelstalig videofragment over een fitnessverslaving.

Checklist: learning about addictions

Wat kan ik al?

Wat lukt nog niet goed? Wat moet ik doen om dat onderdeel beter te kunnen?

2 How clean are you?

1 Look at the following newspaper headline.

The ultimate hoarders: Extraordinary story of two reclusive brothers found dead side by side under tons of junk in New York mansion in 1947

a What do you think this article is about? What might have happened? Discuss in class.

b The newspaper article has been torn into pieces. Put the story in the correct order and write the correct number next to each piece.

The brothers' story began at the beginning of the 20th century but ended in 1947 when they died side-by-side buried under piles of rubbish that had accumulated in their Manhattan row house. Homer, the older of the two, was blind and was cared for by younger brother Langley at their house in Harlem. Langley believed his brother's sight could be restored with a diet high in vitamin C so he fed Homer 100 oranges a week. In the meantime, Langley began keeping years' worth of newspapers so his brother could read them once his sight had been restored. What started as a well-meaning but misguided gesture escalated over the years into an outof-control collection that engulfed their home, and the brothers became recluses, prisoners in their own house.

More than 100 tons of rubbish - including more than 25,000 books - was eventually removed from the house, with the authorities discovering an astonishing array of bizarre items collected by the Collyer brothers. Among them were pickled human organs, hundreds of yards of unused silk and fabric, the folding top of a horse-drawn carriage and the chassis of an old Model T.

reclusive: living alone and avoiding going outside or talking to other people to accumulate: to collect something over a period of time to engulf: to surround and cover something or someone completely

1

It might seem like a relatively new – and bizarre – phenomenon; extreme hoarders who fill their houses so full of clutter that their bodies lay undiscovered for, sometimes, weeks after their death. However, two brothers in 1940s New York arguably set the gold standard in stockpiling junk when they died entombed in their own clutter. Homer and Langley Collyer were killed by one of the many booby traps they had set to deter outsiders, but their bodies were hidden by tons of garbage and were not found for weeks.

The extent of the brother's junk collecting finally came to a head in March 1947 when the authorities received a tip-off that someone had died in the property. At first, it was near-impossible to gain entry to the house. Tons of debris – including old newspapers, phonebooks and furniture boxes – were slowly removed from the front foyer but rescuers found themselves blocked out by walls of rubbish. It wasn't until a patrol officer broke a window on the second floor and climbed through that the first body was discovered, the Unclutterer website reported. After two hours spent climbing through junk and debris, the body of Homer was found lying among boxes and trash. However, his younger brother was nowhere to be seen. A massive hunt was launched, with the authorities searching places as far away as Atlantic City in a bid to find the missing brother.

Homer and Langley Collyer were killed by one of their own junk booby traps. They were crushed and buried by the collapsing debris inside their house.

However, three weeks later it dawned on them he had been under their noses all along, according to Unclutterer. The body of Langley was found just ten feet away from where his older brother had died, but he too was buried under tons of debris. The authorities discovered that Langley had actually been the first to die, killed by one of the many booby traps he had set up to deter outsiders from coming inside the house of junk. He had been bringing food to his older brother when the debris collapsed on top of him, crushing him to death.

entombed: to be buried to deter: to avoid

Source: daily.mail.co.uk, Kerry McQueeney

c Solve the following questions

1 What type of text is this?

2 Who is the text about?

3 What is special about them?

4 Write your own definition for a hoarder.

d Are the following statements true or false? Explain your answer. True False

1 The bodies of the brothers were found after one week of searching.

2 If the authorities had searched better, they would have found the body of Langley sooner.

3 Homer took care of his brother because he was blind.

4 By following a diet one of the brothers could be cured from his illness.

5 Besides the newspapers, only books were collected by the brothers as well.

e What’s a booby trap? Circle the correct picture number(s).

f Explain your answer from question e

g How is it said in the text? Look for synonyms for the following words. rubbish broken or torn pieces (a lot of objects in) a state of being untidy movement

h In what way were the brothers hoarders? And why?

i Which brother died first? How come he couldn’t be saved anymore?

j Do you keep a lot of stuff at home? Do you know someone who is a hoarder? Discuss in class.

k Discuss the following statements in class.

If I clean up regularly, I feel happy and motivated.

If parents ask their children to clean up their mess, the children will learn to make less clutter.

2 Go to the interactive picture and watch the video about the zero and first conditional.

How to use the zero and first conditional?

Zero conditional

e.g. If I clean up regularly, I feel happy and motivated. e.g. Plants die if you don't water them.

GRAMMAR

If + present simple +, + present simple OR present simple + if + present simple

We use the zero conditional to talk about things that are always true. (strong certainty)

First conditional

e.g. If parents ask their children to clean up their mess, the children will learn to make less clutter. e.g. I will celebrate if I pass this exam.

If + present simple + , + future simple OR future simple + if + present simple

We use the first conditional to talk about real and possible situations. (certainty)

a Complete the sentences with the correct conditional tense.

1 If I (to get addicted to) gaming, I (to delete) my gaming account. (certainty)

2 If you (to freeze) water, you (to get) ice cubes. (strong certainty)

3 If it (to rain) tomorrow, I (to go – not) by bike. (certainty)

4 My mother (can – not) sleep at night if she (to drink) too much caffeine. (strong certainty)

5 If it (to be) a clear night, you (to see) the stars. (strong certainty)

6 They (to leave) as soon as their parents (to arrive). (certainty)

b Look at these pictures. Discuss them with your neighbour. Write a sentence next to each picture using the

Ik ken de 'zero en first conditional' en kan deze correct gebruiken.

3 Let’s get organised!

a Watch the video.

b Who is this video about?

c Which two books did this global phenomenon write?

d Were her books successful? How do you know?

e Why is it important to declutter handbags/purses?

f What does Marie’s method consist of?

g True or false? Correct the false statements.

1 Marie is originally from China.

2 Sheinelle is proud of everything that she carries in her purse.

3 Marie also makes YouTube videos on how to fold clothes. They have been viewed over two million times.

4 Organizing is all about surrounding yourself with things that spark joy.

h Marie gives Sheinelle tips. Complete the grid with the correct tip.

Handbag/purse

T-shirts Advantage?

i Watch again and find words for the following definitions.

someone who translates for you

Folding Pants

Coat closet

j Would you use any of Marie’s tips? Discuss in class.

k Why do you think it is important to have an organized house? Discuss in class.

Check: watching Marie Kondo

Ik begrijp een Engelstalig videofragment over Marie Kondo.

4 Digital detox

Yes I think soNo

a Read the following text. Do you remember how to read a text effectively? You can use the strategy sheet on diddit to refresh your memory.

10 digital detox tips for teens (and the rest of the family)

If your child's addiction to their phone is worrying you, you're not alone. By the age of 14, the average child will have sent more than 35,000 texts and 30,000 WhatsApp messages, and racked up more than three weeks of video chat. They will have also spent the equivalent of six months looking at their phone, averaging 135 minutes of use a day.

While it's inevitable that your teen will overuse their phone, you can help them navigate usage with clear limits, rules, and by setting a healthy example. Here's everything you need to know about a digital detox for your teens.

What is a digital detox?

A digital detox is simply taking a break from digital devices for a set period of time. It could be for a few hours a day, a whole day, or even one weekend a month. The aim is to get a break from screen time to create healthier digital habits, and less smartphone dependence

equivalent: the same amount inevitable: certain to happen and unable to prevent dependence: the situation you need something all the time

Why digital detox?

Even though teens love their phones, they are also a constant source of anxiety for them. The continuous messaging, the FOMO, and the lure of social media all means phones keep teens hyper-vigilant to notifications and messages. This means many cannot find a way to disconnect, even when they want to, and this is where a digital detox can come in handy.

Of course, the idea of no phones may send them into a spiral of panic, but ultimately regular detoxes (see below) will help them to know that they can live without their phone, feel better without always having to check their phone, and that nothing will happen if they switch off for a while.

How smartphones hinder teenagers

Here are just some of the ways that phones can sometimes be more of a negative rather than a positive to teenagers:

• Phones can distract teens from school

Having their phone on them at school can mean that teenagers aren’t as fully engaged as they should be. The lure of emailing, texting, playing games, and checking their social media accounts can mean they’re constantly glancing at their phone and not paying attention in class. At home, phones can also provide the same distraction when it comes to studying and doing homework.

• Using smartphones can interfere with sleep

Teens need sleep for emotional and physical health, as well as for better memory and focus at school. Research shows that 57% of teens who use technology at bedtime have problems sleeping. Exposure to blue light, constant notifications, and watching entertainment, or playing games, can keep teen brains active, and delay or interrupt their sleep.

• Teens may neglect face-to-face time

Connecting in the real world is important for making and maintaining relationships with friends and family. Using phones can mean teens neglect giving enough time to face-to-face interactions, or are distracted when you do try to talk or connect with them.

Source: go.henry.com, Anita Naik

anxiety: uncomfortable feeling of nervousness or worry the lure: the quality that something has that makes it attractive vigilant: always being careful to notice things to interfere: to spoil or prevent something

Have a family chat about disconnecting, discussing who finds it hard to do. Also, talk about how everyone feels when they've been on their phones too long. Then get each person to come up with an idea on how to limit screen time. For example, no phones for an hour before bed and/or first thing in the morning before school.

2

No phone areas in the house can help with a digital detox as it means you use your phone more consciously (unlike passive scrolling just because your phone is there). Try making all bedrooms no phone areas after 9 pm, or having the dinner table always as a no phone zone.

3

Once a month, have a digital detox day for everyone. Prep your teen for this and stay firm. Living without phones, even for a day, is hard for teens addicted to connection, so be sure to distract them with activities and tasks that keep them busy.

4

No teen will digitally detox if they see you on your phone 24/7. Even if you use your phone for work, model good behaviour around phone use, and follow your own rules.

5

Your teen probably isn't the only one who needs help unplugging. So set digital detox goals for the family, and build in rewards. For example, have everyone log their screen time report at the end of the week and let the family member with the most significant improvement choose a family night out.

Try a digital detox app like Offtime or AppDetox, which block a selected number of apps or incoming calls. Set the timer for a number of hours, then go about your day with fewer distractions from your phone.

A push notification is an automated message sent by an app to a user when the app is not open. It could be about a sale, a game, or a new social media post. Encourage your teen to disable push notifications; this not only improves concentration but lowers stress as they won't constantly be distracted. The goal is to show your teen how to use their device intentionally instead of letting every alert pull them into their phone.

8

Getting your teen involved in an area that focuses their attention in the real world is a covert digital detox. Sport is a natural choice, and so is drama, dance, music, arts, and volunteering. Talk to them and see what catches their interest.

Researchers say that even having a phone in the same space can make us want to pick it up — it's known as 'the iPhone effect'. So make your teen's digital detox easier by choosing an out-of-sight drawer or bowl to store technology when detoxing (and turn the phone off). 10

It's so easy to slip with digital detox rules and think to yourself, "just for today, I'll allow phones at the mealtimes", BUT if you want the detox to become part of your teen's life, be consistent, and stick to the rules even when you don't want to.

Source: go.henry.com, Anita Naik

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c Who are these texts meant for?

d Write the correct digital detox title above each of the ten tips in the text. Choose from the following titles:

Be consistent with your detox rules

Digital detox apps

Plan a digital detox day

Keep screens out of sight

Rewards for detox times

Try technology-free hobbies

Create no phone areas in your house

Be a good role model

Turn off push notifications

Open a discussion around screen time

e Explain digital detox in Dutch or English.

f Why is a phone a source of anxiety for teenagers?

g In what way does too much screen time affect your sleep?

h What is the advantage of sleep?

i Why is it important to connect to the real world?

j True or false? Correct the false statements.

1 Passive scrolling means using your phone more consciously.

2 Push notifications can help you detox.

3 The iPhone effect is when you want to be on your smartphone if it is in the same room as you are.

k Which tip would you give the following people? Choose from the top 10 in the text above. Situation Tip n°

1 I work at home in the evenings. My children are often on their smartphones when I am still finishing off something.

2 My daughter came home with good results, so I gave her some more screen time.

3 Every morning, my son gets up yawning and still tired. He had been up gaming late at night.

4 Every time someone texts me in Snapchat I get a message on my phone.

l Would you try out a digital detox? Why (not)? Discuss in class.

m Which digital detox tip would you like to try out? Discuss with your neighbour.

n Do you think teenagers spend too much time on their smartphones? Have you ever encountered the disadvantages of the use of smartphones by your peers? Discuss in class.

Check: reading about digital detox Yes I think soNo Ik begrijp een Engelstalige tekst over een digitale detox.

Checklist: How clean are you?

Wat kan ik al?

Wat lukt nog niet goed? Wat moet ik doen om dat onderdeel beter te kunnen?

two hundred and twenty-three

TIME TO CHECK YOURSELF

1 Complete the sentences with a correct word from addictions and mental health.

1 An is someone who is addicted to a particular substance or activity.

2 Some people use the term to describe someone who is addicted to drugs.

3 Someone who is extremely devoted to his/her work is a

4 A strong wish or longing for something is a or a

5 A is a trained professional who offers counselling and therapy.

6 A person’s emotional state is referred to as their

7 is the act of intentionally taking one’s own life.

8 When someone who was recovering from his addiction returns to his old habits, it is called a

9 When you , you quit a habit immediately.

10 When you search for professional treatment and therapy to overcome an addiction, you go to

ex. 1

Ik kan in het Engels woorden gebruiken rond verslavingen en mentale gezondheid. Yes I think soNo Time to catch up? ex. 1 Time to get ahead? ex. 4

2 Complete the text with the correct modal verb.

1 5 10

Extreme couponing is a money-saving hobby that many people enjoy. If you want to try it, you (obligation) start collecting coupons. You (possibility) find them in newspapers, online, or instore flyers. When you have a lot of coupons, you can save a significant amount of money.

Before you go shopping, you should check the expiration dates on your coupons. It’s essential to use them before they expire. If you find a great deal, you (possibility) buy more of that item, but make sure it's something you need. You (possibility) also need to organize your coupons to find them easily when you’re at the store.

At the store, you (conclusion) be patient and organized. People behind you in line (possibility) get impatient, so be prepared. When you present your coupons, the cashier will scan them, and you will see the savings. You will save money and feel proud of your couponing skills.

In conclusion, extreme couponing can help you save a lot of money. It (possibility) take some time and effort, but the promise of significant savings makes it worthwhile. So, if you're interested, (request) you give it a try?

ex. 2 Ik kan in het Engels de modale hulpwerkwoorden op een correcte manier toepassen.

Time to catch up? ex. 2

Time to get ahead? ex. 5

3 Complete the sentences with a zero or first conditional.

1 If you (to heat) water to 100 degrees Celsius, it (to boil).

Yes I think soNo

2 If the meeting (to start) on time, she (to be) late.

3 I (to buy) a new car if I (to win) the lottery.

4 When the sun (to go) down, it (to get) dark.

5 You (to get) green if you (to mix) blue and yellow.

6 If it (to rain), I (to stay) home tonight.

ex. 3 Ik kan in het Engels de zero en first conditional vormen en op een correcte manier toepassen.

Time to catch up? ex. 3

Time to get ahead? ex. 6

Yes I think soNo

Ready? Tick off the exercises you have to do on page 226-232.

TIME TO PRACTISE

time to catch up

1 Which words are being referred to by the following rebuses?

Score ex. 1 < 4 >/= 4

Well done!

2 Complete the sentences with a modal from the box. There are multiple possibilities. could – may – might – must – will – would

1 you like some candy?

2 They go for a walk now that it is dry.

3 It rain later today.

4 We go to the park later this day. It will depend on the weather.

5 The children clean their bedroom before going to the cinema.

Score ex. 2 < 3 >/= 3

Well done!

3 Complete the sentences with the correct tense.

1 If I run 5 km, I (to sweat).

2 If my son graduates, he (to go) to college.

3 Ice (to melt) if you heat it.

4 I (to help) you with the project if I have time.

5 If you don’t hurry, you (to miss) the bus.

6 Water (to turn) into steam if it reaches its boiling point.

7 The light turns on if you (to press) the light switch.

Score ex. 3 < 6 >/= 6

Well done!

8 We (can) already start the meeting if they arrive early. two hundred and twenty-seven

RUNNING FROM MYSELF

At that point, I decided to seek out harder drugs. And it was definitely a conscious choice. I was desperate to find something that gave me the same sense of relief pot had once given me. I felt like I couldn't exist without drugs.

I tried everything – hallucinogens, prescription drugs like Vicodin and OxyContin, ecstasy, cocaine. I kept chasing that more confident and stronger version of myself who felt less alone. Sometimes the drugs would work for a while, but then the feeling would slip away again. It wasn't until I tried crystal meth that I thought I'd finally found "the one."

Now, thanks mostly to Breaking Bad – a TV show about a high school chemistry teacher who became a meth cook – everybody's heard of crystal meth and knows how dangerous it is. But back in the late nineties, when I first did it, I had never heard of it. So, when my friend offered me some speed (also known as meth), I took it without thinking.

As soon as that drug hit me, I felt a rush of elation – not just from the drug, but from feeling like this was what I'd been looking for my whole life. lt was better than those first hits of pot, better than everything. I felt super confident, super strong. I felt like a real-life superhero. Just like that, I was addicted.

Once I started doing crystal meth my life spiralled out of control in a flash. Meth made me arrogant, crazy, and fixated on more, more, more. I was like an animal, reduced to one need: to get high. Nothing else mattered. I broke into houses, stole money. I even stole from my little brother's piggy bank.

My parents kicked me out of the house. I ended up homeless, living in a park in San Francisco. I ate out of garbage cans, got food from soup kitchens. I did things I'd never imagined doing to get money. And I kept using. I couldn't stop.

Until I had a really bad scare. I woke up in the hospital with a tube down my throat, having been on life support after an overdose. Terrified, I went into rehab and managed to stay sober for a year and a half.

Only, I had never learned how to live sober. I was a complete emotional mess. The one thing that maybe saved my life is that I wrote. I come from a family of writers and have written ever since I was little. Even strung out and living on the streets, I wrote. I'd cram into the back of some burned-out car with other kids and stay up all night, writing in my notebook while they slept, trying to get my story down, to make sense of the chaos of my life.

to seek out: to look for conscious: knowing what is happening around you desperate: needing something very much relief: a feeling of happiness that something unpleasant has not happened elation: a state of extreme happiness strung out: experience the strong effects of drugs to cram: to force a lot of things in a small place

I wrote when I was sober, too, and miraculously, I connected with this editor at a publishing house who felt I had a story to tell. I'd write chapters, and she'd like them and ask for more. Eventually, I got a book deal.

At the time, it felt to me that writing a book would make my whole life worthwhile. So, I finished about half of it, and I received a small chunk of money that felt like a huge chunk of money. I felt on top of things for the first time in forever.

Source: © High, Everything You Want to Know about Drugs, Alcohol, and Addiction, by David Sheff, Nic Sheff, 2019, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

a Look at the underlined words. Can you come up with a suitable definition? If necessary consult an online dictionary

1 pot:

2 to get high:

3 a piggy bank:

4 to stay sober:

5 a chunk:

b Who or what is meant by ‘the one’?

c Which role did the series Breaking Bad play?

d How come the author got addicted to crystal meth instantly?

e Sum up all the negative things about his drug abuse

f What made him go to rehab?

g What helped him to stay sober?

h Do you think the author stayed clean? Why (not)?

i Watch the trailer of the series Breaking Bad. Have you seen this series before? Would you watch it? Discuss with your neighbour.

two hundred and twenty-nine

5 My strange addiction. Watch the video and solve the questions.

a Where is Lori from? Circle the correct state.

b Who made sure that Lori got addicted to sleeping with her blow dryer and why?

c Why is she addicted to it?

d What’s Lori’s nightly routine? 1 2

e In the video we can see extracts from 10 years ago. Which word is used to describe this?

f In what way is Lori’s addiction different from ten years ago?

g Complete the following facts about Lori’s addiction.

Over the past ten years, Lori has cycled through over blow dryers. Her addiction has cost her over $15,000 in

h In what way is sleeping with a blow dryer dangerous?

i What is an addiction according to Lori?

j How does she describe her blow dryer? Which words does she use?

6 Look at the following quotes.

a Read the quotes.

b Do you know the people who the quote is from? Look up extra information about them online.

c What’s meant by every quote? Try to rephrase in your own words under each quote.

d Write down underneath each quote what your opinion is. Do you agree or disagree? Why?

“Numbing the pain for a while will make it worse when you finally fe el it.”

Professor Dumbledore to Harry Potter in Harry Potter and The Goblet of Fire by J.K. Rowling

1 Rephrase:

2 My opinion: e.g. If you ignore or try to forget your feelings for a while, it might feel better for a short time, but those emotions can come back stronger later on.

“Quitting smoking is easy. I’ve done it a hundred times.”

Mark Twain

1 Rephrase:

2 My opinion:

“Strength does not come from physical capacity. It comes from an indomitable will.”

Mahatma Gandhi

1 Rephrase:

2 My opinion:

“When everything seems to be going against you, remember that the airplane takes off against the wind, not with it.”

Henry Ford

1 Rephrase:

2 My opinion:

“The greatest glory in living lies not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall.”

Nelson Mandela

1 Rephrase:

2 My opinion:

e What’s your favourite quote and why?

f Discuss this quote with your neighbour. Respect each other’s opinion.

YOUR TIME

1 Anti-addiction campaign

a Choose a funny strange addiction. You can use the internet to do so or invent one of your own.

b You are going to make a brochure about the addiction you chose. Make sure you mention the following sections in your brochure:

Addiction

- What exactly is the addiction?

- What are the dangers?

- What does it do to people and their lives?

- How come people get addicted to it?

Testimony

- The testimony of a person who once was addicted but is clean now. You can write one yourself or use an existing one. Pay attention that you rephrase the testimony in your own words.

Tips and tricks

- Where can people go to when they need help? Organizations, websites, people, friends, family?

- Give a couple of detox tips.

Prevention

- How can we warn people of the dangers of this addiction? Think of advertisement.

c Rewrite the information you found in your own words.

1 Make sure you have at least four different sections in your brochure.

2 Use the correct modal verbs

3 Insert sentences with the zero and first conditional

4 Use the vocabulary from addictions and mental health

d Design your brochure with an online app like Canva. Insert images; make it look appealing etc.

Check yourself Yes I think soNo

I used four different sections in the brochure.

I used modal verbs.

I used the zero and first conditional.

I used the vocabulary from addictions and mental health. The brochure looks appealing (images, subtitles, typography etc.) two hundred and thirty-three

e Also design a poster to warn people about this addiction. Make sure that it is catchy! Use a catchy slogan and image.

f Let a fellow student give you feedback on these two assignments. He/she can write it down below.

How to give feedback?

STRATEGY

1 Why do you give feedback? Is it to help them improve, to acknowledge their strengths, or to address a concern?

2 Use the ‘I’ statement. Give feedback in terms of observation and feelings. E.g. I noticed that, I felt that …

3 Be specific.

Give examples to illustrate your feedback.

4 Balance positive and constructive feedback.

Offer positive feedback for what they did well, and constructive feedback for the things that need improvement.

5 Be respectful and empathetic.

Show respect and use empathy to understand how they might receive your feedback.

6 Suggest solutions. Give examples of how they can improve.

7 Listen actively.

After providing feedback, give your peer the opportunity to respond and share your perspective. Listen to them without interrupting.

g Adapt your brochure and poster with the feedback you got from a fellow student.

h Present your brochure and poster to the rest of the class. Do you remember how to give a presentation? You can use the strategy sheet on diddit to refresh your memory.

i Make a podcast about this addiction.

1 Write out your script first. Use the information from the brochure. Make sure it’s a fluent text that makes it easy to retell and listen to.

2 Record your podcast episode.

3 Upload it.

j Listen to a podcast by one of your fellow students. Write a comment on what you think of the podcast. Be respectful.

How to make a podcast?

1 Planning:

• Define your podcast's target audience.

STRATEGY

• Decide on the format (interviews, solo, panel discussions, storytelling, etc.).

2 Content creation:

• Write a script or outline for your episode. What are you going to tell your listeners? Use the information from your brochure.

• Record your podcast episode. Ensure a quiet and acoustically treated space for recording.

3 Editing:

• Edit your audio files to improve sound quality, remove mistakes, and add music or sound effects if desired.

• Popular audio editing software includes Audacity (free), Adobe Audition, GarageBand (for Mac users), and others.

two hundred and thirty-five

Checklist: your time Yes I think soNo

Ik kan in het Engels gericht op zoek gaan naar informatie op het internet.

Ik kan in het Engels een brochure maken waarbij ik gebruik maak van: - modale hulpwerkwoorden - de 'zero and first conditional' - woordenschat rond verslavingen en mentale gezondheid

Ik kan in het Engels een poster maken.

Ik kan feedback geven op de opdracht van een medeleerling. Ik ben hierbij respectvol.

Ik kan in het Engels een podcast maken over een verslaving waar ik research over heb gedaan.

Ik kan in het Engels een reactie schrijven over de podcast van een medeleerling.

Wat kan ik al?

Wat lukt nog niet goed? Wat moet ik doen om dat onderdeel beter te kunnen?

SUMMARY

1 ADDICTIONS AND MENTAL HEALTH

Words Translation My notes

an addict een verslaafde to be addicted toverslaafd zijn aan an addiction een verslaving addictive verslavend an alcoholic een alcoholverslaafde to binge iets extreem veel doen a chain-smoker een kettingroker to be clean/to be soberniet verslaafd zijn to go cold turkeyonmiddellijk stoppen met iets to consume verbruiken a craving een zeer sterk verlangen depression een depressie a desire een verlangen a drunk een dronkaard emotional emotioneel to gamble gokken a habit een gewoonte

health gezondheid to be hooked onverslaafd zijn a mood een stemming a narcotic een verdovend middel an obsession een obsessie an overdose een overdosis psychological psychologisch a psychologisteen psycholoog to recover herstellen to go to rehabafkicken

a rehab een afkickcentrum to relapse hervallen a shopaholic een winkelverslaafde

a suicide een zelfmoord a support group een steungroep

a user een gebruiker

a withdrawal symptomeen ontwenningsverschijnsel a workaholic een werkverslaafde

HOW TO use modal verbs?

Do you remember how to use modal verbs? You can scan the QR code to refresh your memory.

We use modals to express a degree in which something is possible or not. We also use them to talk about obligation, ask or give permission and making an offer, request or promise.

Modal verbType

may permission possibility

REMEMBER?

Example

More formal and polite

e.g. You may enter the room.

e.g. May I use your pen?

mightpossibilityWeaker possibility (uncertainty about present or future)

couldpast tense of 'can' permission possibility

e.g. There might be a chance of rain.

e.g. We could swim there when we were young.

More formal and polite than can

e.g. Could I use your phone?

Weaker possibility

e.g. We could go on holiday if we pass our tests. willpromise offer request

wouldrequest

mustobligation conclusion

e.g. I will never leave you.

e.g. He will give you a lift home.

e.g. Will you carry my backpack please?

Less direct

e.g. Would you be quiet?

Stronger obligation than ‘have to’

e.g. Seat belts must be worn during take-off.

e.g. She is tall. She must be older than 8 years.

HOW TO use the zero and first conditional?

Zero conditional

e.g. If I clean up regularly, I feel happy and motivated. e.g. Plants die if you don't water them.

If + present simple +, + present simple OR present simple + if + present simple

We use the zero conditional to talk about things that are always true. (strong certainty)

First conditional

e.g. If parents ask their children to clean up their mess, the children will learn to make less clutter. e.g. I will celebrate if I pass this exam.

If + present simple + , + future simple OR future simple + if + present simple

We use the first conditional to talk about real and possible situations. (certainty)

HOW TO give feedback?

1 Why do you give feedback?

Is it to help them improve, to acknowledge their strengths, or to address a concern?

3 Be specific.

Give examples to illustrate your feedback.

5 Be respectful and empathetic.

Show respect and use empathy to understand how they might receive your feedback.

7 Listen actively.

After providing feedback, give your peer the opportunity to respond and share your perspective. Listen to them without interrupting.

HOW TO make a podcast?

1 Planning:

• Define your podcast's target audience.

2 Use the ‘I’ statement.

Give feedback in terms of observation and feelings. e.g. I noticed that, I felt that …

4 Balance positive and constructive feedback.

Offer positive feedback for what they did well, and constructive feedback for the things that need improvement.

6 Suggest solutions.

Give examples of how they can improve.

• Decide on the format (interviews, solo, panel discussions, storytelling, etc.).

2 Content creation:

• Write a script or outline for your episode. What are you going to tell your listeners? Use the information from your brochure.

• Record your podcast episode. Ensure a quiet and acoustically treated space for recording.

3 Editing:

• Edit your audio files to improve sound quality, remove mistakes, and add music or sound effects if desired.

• Popular audio editing software includes Audacity (free), Adobe Audition, GarageBand (for Mac users), and others.