STRATEGY
STATEMENT “We are a river iwi. Our relationship with our awa tupuna (ancestral river) has developed over centuries. It is a unique relationship in that our awa tupuna is the ancestral river of the people, which has its own mauri and spiritual integrity. Our spiritual and cultural well being therefore is inherently linked to the well being of our awa tupuna. The Waikato River is like the blood that streams through our bodies, it is the bloodline of our iwi and there is an urgent need to ensure that our awa tupuna is protected from further degradation. As an iwi who resides by its banks, we have over the generations, developed tikanga and a profound respect for our awa tupuna and all life within it.�
CONTENTS
1. Front cover 2. Contents 3. Introduction 4. Vision 5. Context 6. Client 7. Analysis 8.Vegetation 9.Land use 10. Drainage patterns 11. Erosion 12. Infrustructure 13. Landscape character 14. Stragety 15. Community planting 16. Riparian planting 17. Land zoning 18. Papakianga hosuing 19. Maori design principles 20. Design process 21. Design vision and circulation 22. Revegetation 23. Water management 24. Water management 25. Final masterplan 26. Final 3d model 27. Refrences
Kaitiakitanga Initiatives It could be that you wish to return to some of the practices of your t큰puna or that you remember a time at the marae when there were gardens, native plants, etc. and you wish to restore those. Ko Maungatautari to matou maunga Ko Waikato to matou awa tupuna Ko Ngati Koroki Kahukura matou Ko Pohara to matou marae
The urban strategy is to assist Ngati Koroki Kahukura towards an ecological and sustainable way of life. Through this process we are able to help them live of the land through food production, water from their rohe and establish stronger connections to their ancestors. Pohara is a culturally significant landscape rich in the history of th people and the ecological values. Part of the wider Waikato region, the land-use and sustainability of lifestyle not only effects the people of Pohara but the wider landscape and Waikato River as well. This strategy includes the use of sustainable ways to maintain and develop their landscape. Papakianga housing on-site can be used as a way of sustaining waste and water runoff in a more ecological friendly way along with community planting and creating riparian margins for stream rehabilitation. The key objective is to develop, sustain and encourage the growth of both the people of Pohara and its landscapes.
The brief strives towards an ecological design practice of the landscape and the use of these areas. Rehabilitating the stream banks and spring is an essential part of the design process. The management of the broad culturally significant landscape is to establish ecological practices that both Ngati Koroki Kahukura and their land can benefit from. The overall brief for Pohara Marae is to establish the relationships between people and land, giving them a more sustainable future and a way of managing their assets of nature and culture.
VISION
Pohara is located 5km between Maungatautiri and the Waiakto river. Maungatautiri is an isolated ecological landscape with strong archaeological connections to the Ngatai Koroki Kahkura people. The landscape among it has a strong identity of rolling green pastures, shelter-belts and eroding stream banks. In reference to the strong the wetland and riverine ties of the past, the area has a significant amount of slopes and pastures re-placate the flow of the river. The Maungatautiri district was an area of shrubs and green pastures, but now it stands as a more cleared site, a sanctuary for native species and stories of the past. The and that lies at the foot of Maungatautiti is now home to dairy farming, which has posed issues regarding runoff into the rivers and eroding of the landscape.
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Ngati Koroki Kahukura have strong cultural values tied to their landscapes, mountain and river. Community and their people and priorities for the Ngati Koroki Kahukura and the way they look after their landscape and the resources. Preserving what they have is an essential part of living off the land for these people. Through management and design of the landscape these ecological practices can be established and stronger, more sustainable future lies forward.
CLIENT
The ecological design approach is implemented as it poses a connection to the cultural significance of the site and the relationships with their ancestors of the land. By dividing the site into different spaces, management and sustainable use of the land is created. Spaces include the papakainga housing which has Ngati Koroki Kahukura Values spatial connections to water runoff and community gardens. Riparian margins and cattle movement are Kaitiakitanga: managing and conserving the environment as part of a reciprocal respaces used for the rehabilitation of the landscape, such as the river bank and eroding banks. CULTRUAL PERSPECTIVE:
lationship, based on the Māori world view that we as humans are part of the natural world
Kotahitanga: unity, cohesion and collaboration “The restoration of native bush, birds and reptiles to Maungatauturi is of immense importance to our people. Our Kaumatua have talked about restoring the dawn chorus to our sacred maunga” Whanaungatanga: a relationship through shared experiences and working together which provides people with a sense of belonging The puna flowed into wetlands, the people of pohara are concerned that an increase in demand will affect the quantity and quality of this water supply and would like solutions to remedy this occurrence Tikanga: Doing what is right Access to cultural resources; especially identifying the potential areas which could provide dyes produced from peat soils, Ahi kaa roa: the importance of maintaining occupancy of, and connection with, whenIncreasing species population in stream biodiversity which may include the revitalization of tuna and/or Koura which is of ua - as the puna (wellspring) of our identity, and recognition of the value and imporcultural significance tance of those who ‘keep the home fires burning Rejuvenate, protect and preserve the puna situated near Pohara Marae which is currently isolated. Previous water demand relied on access to only two taps providing freshwater in contrast to today where they heavily rely on water supply to accommodate 15 houses located at Pohara papakainga
The wider connections from Pohara includes infrastructure and agriculture connections, creating important relationships further into the community. Pohara is situated 34.5km from Cambridge, the biggest connection into infrastructure and local business.
ANALYSIS
The ecological area of Maungatautari is protected from the surrounding area to keep its natural heritage to the people of pohara. Pa sites along the boundary lines of the site identifies culturally significant areas that remain untouched and buffered by vegetation to keeps its significance to the people. The infrastructure connections to Arapuni and Arapuni lake contributes to the runoff and sediment discharge the river banks along Pohara experiences. Vegetated areas along here like the pine trees were grown in that area for pine nuts to be exported out of the area but also help with the condition of the banks. Pohara is a small connection for Arapuni and Cambridge but links as a culturally significant area and infrastructure opportunities for the people of the Waikato region. The views from within the site extend as far as the Waikato river, the spring and the mountains that lay beyond, opening these views is of great importance to the design stragety.
Ecological signficant area, connection to pa sites, natrual heritage and river.
Connections to Waikato river, catchments.
Infrastructure and agriculture connections.
Views from within site.
VEGETATION
Exotic plants are dominant in the more modified landscapes, where natives will be a better source of mitigating the landscape and dealing with water runoff from pastures. As native areas are present close to the site boundaries and on the cliff faces creates a green corridor with opportunities to extent the native planting for riparian margins and mitigating the erosion of stream banks. Vegetation buffer zones will create protection again sediment runoff into the site and help the restoration of the stream banks by creating riparian buffer zones along the streams.
VEGETATION Boundary line
Crop land-annual Crop land-paraniual Grass land- high producing Grass land- low producing Grass land Natrual forest Other Forest pre settlment Forest post settlment Settlement
SCALE 1:2000
Wetland open water
SOIL ANALYSIS
Soil types in the area is of significance to our strategy as native planting will be essential for the ecological path of the site. Where these plants can thrive will be in more clay like soil and in areas where mitigation will be needed due to the extent of farming and cattle use. These can be identified in the lower soil types where erosion has occurred.
SCALE 1:10,000
SOILS
SLOPE
The use of the slope map is to show areas of potential use for movement of cattle to improve the erosion around stream banks and lower ground areas. The darker areas are areas with higher ground where erosion can occur for some time if cattle is zoned on these areas. Lowe lying areas shown in lighter grey represent the riparian zoning and areas where planting will re-stablish the banks along the river.
SLOPE
Natural heritage
Re-vegetation area
SCALE 1:10,000
Re-location of cattle
This map shows the forest fragments of Pohara and the surrounding area. The fragmentations of the forest is scattered around in a mixture of wetland, natives and exotic plants. The land use has been extensively altered when the wetlands were drained from the Waikato region to make way for the farming industry. A few wetlands are still present, scattered around the river bank edges. Native forest can be predominantly found in the na more sensitive areas where protection is in place. The open pastures represents the use of farmland and dairy farming, an issue that has changed the land use capabilities of the site. The Waikato river is a great source of infrastructure to the farmlands but is in slow decline due to water quality and eroding of stream banks. These issues have occurred due to the extent of farming in the area.
Legend LAND USE Points
boundaryline 2 km Radius Land Cover <all other values> Name_2012 Native Vegetation Exotic Vegetation Production Vegetation Production Grass Land Parkland Gravel or Rock Lake or Pond River Built-up Area (settlement) <VALUE> 0-5 5.000000001 - 10 10.00000001 - 15 15.00000001 - 20
SCALE 1:2000
20.00000001 - 25
LANDUSE
DRAINAGE PATTERNS
The drainage pattern indicate the flow of water on site and around the established boundary lines. Stream order suggests that there is a series of inflow inland where catchments such as Arapuni is found. Noting the lack of consulting with the people of Pohara when Horahora hydro dam was built, we took into consideration the historical refrences the people have back to their lands that were taken. By recreating these draiange patterns into natrual wetland areas through re-vegetation, the landscpae would somewhat restore to the more historical context of Pohara.
SCALE 1:10,000
Ledgend
Due to the extent of farming in the area the analysis of the slope is a vital part for the strategy. As the movement of cattle have caused extensive erosion around the cliff fronts and stream banks, these will be areas to limit the implementation of green corridors to stop sediment runoff into these areas and into the river.
EROSION ANALYSIS
SCALE 1:5000
EROSION
SCALE 1:10,000
Pohara is situated between two major infrastructure points, Arapuni and Cambridge. Both of these have strong iwi, cultural and economic connections to the Waikato river. Infrustructure such as Karapiro Dam is a large contribute of sediment runoff into the site and the spring. Poharas relationships with these areas are important for the future of the ecology and retail of the site.
INFRASTRUCTURE
LANDSCAPE CHARACTER The landscape character of Pohara is one that is different from the surrounding area, rich in ecological and cultural value. From the rolling heads on its boundaries to the river that runs alongside it, it tells the stories of their ancestors and the stories of the Waikatos unique characteristics. Pohara has areas where years of farming have caused erosion along stream-banks, it shows the work and the stories of their past. By creating riparian planting along these areas the landscape character will in some ways reflect back what it used to be during wetland times in historic Waikato.
OUR STRATEGY
Our design process focusses on the ecological state of the landscape and its people. It will be implemented through community gardens, riparian planting and the creation of green corridors which are all part of the cultural significance of the site. These design implementation will reflect Maori design principles to respond to the needs of the Ngati Koroki Kahukura and their landscape. By using land use strategies we have divided the landscape into areas where ecological significance will be on a larger scale and other areas will function as space for papakainga housing, community gardens and creating the relationship between the ecology and green corridors. These will all have an influence on the social, economic and ecological state of the area. The fabric of the Maori culture is to maintain a strong relationship with the land and to look after it. The whanau, hapu and iwi are essential to the Maori culture and is something that we have taken into significant perspective through the design process.
The land of Pohara and the realtionship tp the river is tupuna awa and was a source of food and water resources for their ancestors. Due to infrustructure and agricukture, these resources have declined over the years. Our aim is to reestablish these ecological connections and revegetate areas where the land has been exposed to erosion and sediment runoffs. This will help the state of the ecology and the water that flows through Pohara.
Community gardens is a way of implementing the Mauri Tu of the design process and reflect the kotahitanga of the landscape and its people. In the Maungatautari district 90% of the landscape has been modified for farmland and crops, creating a domino effect on the landscape and its resources. The initiatives of Pohara and the s Koroki Kahukura is to restore and protect. Community gardens will give back to the land, fertilise soils and will be a way of redirecting water runoff into the landscape. By placing it next to Papakainga housing the connection between the people and the land is highlighted in a way that reflects past stories of how their ancestors used the landscape. These gardens will also create a source of infrastructure into Pohara where trades and selling can be used as a way of reconnecting the site into the wider landscape. Community gardens bring people together, help the landscape and teach the future.
COMMUNITY PLANTING
Riparian planting will be a way of implementing not only taio but also mauri tau. It will restore the stream banks, the quality of soil on site and redirect flowing water into the spring behind the Marae. The use of these design principles is to give Ngati Koroki Kahukura a stronger connection to the design process and a more spiritual meaning to these design implementations. Focusing on native plants, the quality of water will rise which also contributes to fixing the erosion along the stream banks. The planting will be a combination of wetland plants including flax, oioi, corydline and hebe. Revegetation of the site will include native plants such as wetland planting and flax to better the qua;ity of the land and the water.
RIPARIAN PLANTING
LAND ZONING
PALNTING, COMMUNITY GARDNES, REVEGETATION
SCALE 1:2000
STREAM RESTORATION, FLAX, OIOI PLANTING
The vision forward for papakianga housing is community gardens and dealing with waste water and storm water management. Community gardens is a way of bringing the peope closer to their land and their ancestors but also creating an ecological way of living nd putting back into the land. The current extent of papakianga housing extends at the back of Pohara Marae. Located in a flat lying area, it is on the foot of eroding hillsides and the Waikato River banks. By extending it to form pathways and community gardens, the eco-living standards would generate retail of fruits and incoming tourism aswell.
PAPAKIANGA
MAORI DESIGN PRINCIPLES
Ngati Koroki Kahukura insitaves: Kaitianga- managing of the landscape character and its spirit, the protection of their people and landscape Kotahitanga- unity Whanaungatanga- relationship through shared experiences Tikanga- doing the right thing Mana- The status of iwi and hapu as manu whenua is recognised and respected Whakapapa- recognises and celebrates the recognition of mana whenua ancestral names Taio- the natural environment is protected Mauri Tu- environmental health is protected Mahi Toi- Iwi/hapu narratives are captured Tohu- Mana whenua significant sites and cultural landmarks are acknowledgedâ&#x20AC;&#x2039; Ahi Ka- Iwi/hapĹŤ have a living and enduring presence and are secure and valued within their rohe
Tohu- Mana whenua significant sites
The design process is divided in three stages. 1) The Marae area, planting and pathways. 2) Papakianga housing, re-vegetation and pathways to connect to the site, re-establish roads and community gardens.
SCALE 1:2500
3) Re-vegetation, raingardens and riparian planting along stream banks.
DESIGN PROCESS
The design vision is to create an ecological stargey that both the people from Pohara and the natrual alndscape can benefit from. Taking inspiratio from patterns in movement in the landscape to create buffer zones and pathways to connect the people to the landscape.
DESIGN VISION AND CIRCULATION
The circulation patterns connections walkways among the stream to replicate the stories of the ancestors landing at Pohara.Shared pathways for vehicles and people along the Papakainga site creates potential for more movement and stronger connections to the wider area. The preamble service for parking on the northern end of the marae encourages the site to allocate for more cultural events and family gatherings.
CARPARK CIRCULATION
HOU
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SING
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Revegetation stargety benefits the land by restablish ecological connections and encouraging native vegetation to regrow. Community gardens create the oppertunity for the extensive development of orchards and open pastures to teach, benefit from the land and create an infrustructure source. FLAX
MASTER PLAN AND PROPOSED PLANTING
CORDYLINE & CAREX KOWHAI
COMMUNITY GARDENS
RAIN GARDENS
SCALE 1:2500
OIOI & TOATARA
Water management on site will be done through permeable surface on the carpark and walkways, filtrating into the ground through surrounding vegetation. Water treatment of raingardens near the stream will run into the river through the shaped landscape to mitigate the water quality of the stream and river. Water treatment gathered from runoff along the housing pathways will be used through gabion filtration to water the community gardens.
WATER MANAGEMENT
SCALE 1:1500
WATER TREATMENT AREAS
The water management on site will filtrate through areas such as rain gardens. Riparian planting will help filtrate runoff into the river and stream, which will in return beter the water quality and ecology of these areas. Rain gardens on the papakianga housing sites will help water redirect into the community gardens, recycling and reusing the water management on site.
WATER MANAGEMENT
Carpark and gaibon filtration
Riparian planting- housing
MODEL
The frist model gives an overview of the sight with added vegetation zones and buffer zones. (existing trees not shown)
New location for pastures (cattle) and community gardens.
Community gardens shown.
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