Pohara Marae
Project 2: Developing Place
Shiying Tao
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Contents Mission Statement
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Context
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Strategy
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Case Study
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Hydrology Contours Topography Aspect Landcover
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Mater Plan Building Footprint Circulation Landuse Revegetation
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3D View
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References
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Mission Statement To design an ecological and cultural restoration of the sacred spring at Pohara Marae, and the stream which connects the spring to the the Waikato River. The master plan should include revegetation, provide connections to Pohara marae and optionally suggest a possible extension of the papakainga. Aim for high quality cultural, ecological and social outcomes, in line with the group strategies.
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Context
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Strategy Stream beds vary, from steep to gently sloping, from silty and clayey to volcanic and sandy. However, a number of plants are common to all of these streams. The area around waterways is known as the riparian zone, including the stream banks, overflow areas and the slopes on either side of the stream. From general guide on planting in riparian zones, riparian areas of Pohara Marae are going to be revegetated. The right choice of streamside planting can help control flooding and erosion, improve water quality and stream life, reduce pollution in the stream and marine environment, and enhance the appeal of your property. Riparian revegetation is our group’s strategy in project 1 and it helps the site to better maintain the ecological environment while having the beautiful riparian landscape.
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Case Study Waipa District Peat Lakes and Wetlands are the region that have high value of unique and important peat resources. The lake is associated with peat soil. Peat forms from the built up of partially rotted plant material in wet environments. However, the peat lakes is facing threats. To help their continued survival, conservation and restoration of these habitats are crucially needed. The conservation and restoration of peat lakes and wetlands strategies basically focus on these aspects: drainage and cultivation, reduction of habitat and biological diversity, nutrients and sediment in water, and protection of historical sites. The conservation and restoration project proceed from two side: landowners and interest and conservation groups. Most of the land surrounding peat lakes and wetlands is privately owned and the predominant land use is farming. Landowners may play a key role, ensuring farming does not unduely impact the peat resource, peat lakes and wetlands both in the Waipa and elsewhere. That guarantee the strategies can be carried on effectively and efficiently. Landowner should be aware of the environmental issues even though their land based businesses which needs to be profitable for ustainability is much more important than the current benefit. Interest and conservation groups have the ability to help in addressing environmental issues in local areas effectively. Care groups can be effective in helping with activities such as stream and lake fencing, propagating plants, planting, protecting areas of vegetation, plant and animal pest control and the construction of tracks and walkways. By working in groups and combining different skills and ideas significant progress has already been made.
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Legend !
Pohara Marae stream catchment
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Scale 1: 4,000
Hydrology This map shows the basic hydrology information of Pohara Marae. The stream which is a tributary of Waikato river crosses the area and almost the whole Pohara Marae is in the stream’s catchment. Therefor this stream plays an important role in maintaining ecological environment of the site.
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Legend !
Pohara Marae contour
Scale 1: 4,000 12
Contours This map shows the 1 meter contours of the site. Areas of different heights could be found easily from the contour map. At the centre of Pohara Marae, the ground is lower than surroundings. Cliffs around the site are where contour lines are very dense and areas behind cliffs are more flat but higher sea level.
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Legend !
Pohara Marae 0 - 2.628949334 2.628949335 - 5.915136001 5.915136002 - 9.420401779 9.42040178 - 12.92566756 12.92566757 - 16.65001245 16.65001246 - 20.81251556 20.81251557 - 26.07041423 26.07041424 - 33.08094578 33.08094579 - 55.64609423
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Scale 1: 4,000
Topography This map shows the terrain condition of Pohara Marae. It includes slope map and hillshade map and they both indicate the topography. In this map, different colours point to different grades of slope. The papakinga housing are all built on area that below 8 degrees as the land is flat enough to live in. Furthermore, this maps tells where cliffs are and the area with red colour is not good for buildings.
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Legend !
Pohara Marae Flat (-1) North (0-22.5) Northeast (22.5-67.5) East (67.5-112.5) Southeast (112.5-157.5) South (157.5-202.5) Southwest (202.5-247.5) West (247.5-292.5) Northwest (292.5-337.5) North (337.5-360)
Scale 1: 4,000 16
Aspect This map shows the aspect condition of Pohara Marae. Aspects are divided into flat, north, northwest and other 7 directions. Combined aspect with the direction of sunlight, it is easy to find that red and orange areas have good sunlight condition. Therefore, this is important to adjust orientation of papakinga housing to facing the sunlight. In a similar way, planting plan also need to consider aspect.
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Pohara Marae stream
landcover Name_2012 Built-up Area (settlement) Exotic Forest Forest - Harvested High Producing Exotic Grassland Indigenous Forest Manuka and/or Kanuka
Scale 1: 4,000 18
Landcover This maps shows the existing landcover condition of Pohara Marae. There are exotic and indigenous forest. Expect of forest and built-up area, the whole site is covered by high producing exotic grassland.
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Scale 1: 4,000 20
Master Plan This is the master plan showing riparian revegetation area and other design concerning the development of Pohara Marae. The existing indigenous forests are kept as it used to be because I do not want to change the origin natural environment too much. Farmland and grazing land are also kept as usual. Therefore, pathway that around the site is not changed as it is convenient enough for local resident to access. I have reorganized the arrangement of papakinga housing and roads that lead to the entrance of Pohara Marae. And use the flat land on northeast as farmland. Besides, I put two car parks on site and place more papakinga housing with pathway connected. For transit convenience, I put four bridges crossed the stream. The most important design is about riparian revegetation along almost the whole stream. The area is highlighted in light green cover the stream.
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Scale 1: 4,000 22
Building Footprint Considering the direction of sunlight which comes from northeast to northwest, I have reorganize the arrangement of papakinga housing to make sure each of them could receive enough sunshine. By the way, it is easier to walk across the housing if they lay in a row. Apart from replacing, I have added 8 more houses to meet the potential need of population development of Pohara Marae. To access these housing, people need to cross the stream by a bridge. All the housing, both original and new ones, are built on flat land according to topography analysis.
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Scale 1: 4,000
Circulation
This is the layer showing the circulation system on Pohara Marae. I have kept the pathway around the site as original as it is quite convenient for people to walk on top of the cliffs. I place new drive way entering the Marae. The roads lead to two direction and become a half ellipse near the Marae. Then there are straight roads connecting the papakinga housing to the road behind Marae. Inside the half ellipse, there is a mini walkway which has got the same shape as driveway. This walkway leads to the place that maori people give guests a warm welcome. On the other part of papakinga housing on the south, there are also new roads connecting them.
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Scale 1: 4,000 26
Landuse
This map shows the land use capability of Pohara Marae. From natural aspect, indigenous forests are kept which need to be protected as parts of Pohara ecological environment. The yellow parts are used as farmland that Maori people can grow crops for their cows and themselves. And brown parts are pasture for their cows. Farmland and pasture will work well together so residents are able to be self-sufficient. Light green as the base indicates that ground is covered by grass.
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Scale 1: 4,000 28
Revegetation
There are road trees on east end of the site worked as boundary lines and there are also road trees planted along the Marae entrance road. The major revegetation of this project is riparian revegetation. Stream that crosses the site is an important element that affect natural environment system. Riparian plating is going to cover the whole stream. By doing riparian revegetation, water quality could be protected and improved. It will also control flooding and prevent erosion. The revegetation is on both sides of the stream and lasts about 10 metres.
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View from South
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View from East
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References http://www.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/EN/environmentwaste/stormwater/Documents/caringforurbanstreamsguide4streamsideplanting.pdf http://globe-views.com/dreams/river.html http://www.waikatoregion.govt.nz/Environment/Natural-resources/Water/Lakes/Shallow-lakes-of-the-Waikato-region/Peat-lakes/
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