2050 Downtown Tucson EcoDistrict by University of Arizona, School of Architecture

Table of Contents

Who We Are

Principles + Definitions

Precedents of Sustainable Cities

Mapping the Past

Calculations

2050 Prototypes

132

EcoDistrict Assembled

156

Citations

194

The Design Team

Tucson EcoDistric Principles + Sustainability Terms Used

Sustainability Plans from 10 Cities

Historical Downtown Tucson

Downtown Tucson now, in 2030, and in 2050

Design solutions for future buildings + infrastructure

The Congress Street, The Tucson Convention Center, + The Mercado

Works cited

1 Who We Are

Design Team 8 COURTNEY CROSSON design studio professor

IGNACIO COMPARINI LA ROCHE architecture student

Courtney is a licensed architect and Assistant Professor of Practice at the University of Arizona School of Architecture focused on realizing regenerative water and energy designs. Her work has spanned many scales and locations including Europe, Africa, Asia, and North America.

Ignacio is originally from Chile, South America. He chose this studio because he is very interested in sustainable environments that he, as a future architect, will be able to design to better the life of people and nature. He declared my sustainable built environment minor this semester.

MOLLY ADAMOWICZ landscape architecture student

SAMANTHA HAUSERMAN landscape architecture student

Molly is interested in bridging the gap between people and the land, and in cultural landscapes around the world. She can’t wait to design landscapes that informs healthy and sustainable choices for visitors of downtown Tucson.

Sam is interested in the environmental planning and climate change adaptation and mitigation aspects of landscape architecture. She loves Tucson, and relishes the opportunity to deeply imagine urban design in 2050 and a sustainable future for Downtown.

MICHAEL CIMINO landscape architecture student

SCOTT HUNTER architecture student

Michael is excited to collaborate with architects in the EcoDistrict team. He believes that downtown Tucson has the opportunity to serve as a sustainable model for other cities around the country in the future.

Arc451a gives Scott the opportunity to expose himself to the idea of a sustainable future for the betterment of everyone on a scale much greater than he has ever worked on. Even before becoming an architecture student, he has always been attracted to this idea of “saving the world.”

JENNIFER BRAUN architecture student

BRADY STANTON architecture student

Jenniferâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s design philosophy is to create a sustainable and enjoyable environment for all users. She chose this project because it is so vital for the downtown of a city to be a leading example in sustainable plans for the future to spread the effort and responsibility to the entire city.

Brady has lived in Tucson his whole life, and is therefore very interested in seeing how this city will grow. He hopes that by taking this studio, he will be contributing to the future of downtown Tucson.

MIKAYLA KRAGER architecture student

DELIA MARTINEZ architecture student

Mikayla believes that the impact of architectural design is something that reaches beyond the immediate site context, and therefore the opportunity to work at an urban planning scale and to see the greater impact of architecture was what sparked her interest in this 2050 Downtown Tucson EcoDistrict Design Studio.

For architecture students, sustainability in design has always been an important criteria to maintain. Designing and developing the Tucson EcoDistrict was interesting to Delia because it would expand her knowledge in areas of architecture she hadnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t pursued yet and at a more challenging scale.

KIUK SEONG architecture student Kiuk feels that taking a class for sustainable urban planning is a really rare chance for architecture students and he is excited to expand his world. In addition, he is happy to have a real-world project in Downtown Tucson for before he leaves university and enters the professional realm.

CAPLA College of Architecture, Planning, and Landscape Architecture 10

About Our College The College of Architecture, Planning, and Landscape Architecture is located in Tucson, Arizona at the University of Arizona. This book features collaborative work between the two schools of CAPLA: the School of Architecture and the School of Landscape Architecture and Planning. Cross-disciplinary projects that achieve sustainable, real-world design solutions is an emphasis of CAPLA, which seeks to empower students to create and support resilient, vibrant built and natural environments. CAPLA leads the nation in sustainable design and planning for arid regions, with internationally recognized alumni in landscape architecture, modern desert architecture, and urban and regional planning. The College also actively supports research grounded in the context of the City of Tucson, the Sonoran Desert, Southern Arizona as a border region, and the arid and semi-arid American Southwest. 3

GLHN Architects and Engineers, Inc. 11

About Our Professional Partners GLHN Architects and Engineers are financial sponsors and technical advisors to this project. Headquartered in Tucson, and with a 50 year history of planning, design and implementation of institutional buildings and engineered urban infrastructure in Southern Arizona, we hope this contribution to visioning with an â&#x20AC;&#x153;end in mindâ&#x20AC;?, will enliven current urban planners, investors, and developers of the Downtown. GLHN believes in a direct connection between our communities approach to long range planning and the design of energy, water, transportation, community health, buildings and livability. Letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s create a thriving urban center together to drive robust economic development.

2 Principles + Definitions

Principles for 2050 Tucson EcoDistrict Vision Self-Sustaining 14

The district will be able to meet all energy and water demands by renewable means and food production will be re-localized. Water and energy play a large role within an EcoDistrictâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s success, therefore inclusinve and efficient usage will be implemented within the urban design. Goals include: Net Zero Energy, Net Zero Water, maximized local food production.

Connection to Place Revitalization of Downtown Tucson will occur through re-connecting to nature and cultural place. Historic buildings and landmarks will anchor the EcoDistrict back to its roots while new built platforms will have a meaningful connection to site and culture. Goals include: Habitat restoration, living infrastructure, biophilia within buildings.

Density and Walkability Smart growth will densify Downtown Tucson and enable greater community connectivity. Human centered design will ensure the urban environment is developed for the needs of its inhabitants. Focus in urban design for the EcoDistrict allows the integration of all modes of transportation. Goals include: walkability, proximity to services, bike-ability.

Community Cohesion Equity and diversity will be supported through mixed-use and mixed-income development offering an inclusive range of housing options and different scales in businesses. The development of mixed-use construction provides an EcoDistrict the opportunity to remain self-sustained with easy access. Goals include: Diversity, equity, mixed-use development, mix-income development.

Adaptability Development will occur with an understanding that the urban realm is ever evolving. Innovation and new technology will be embraced for enhanced efficiency and greater quality of life. The idea of progression and growth will remain present throughout. Adaptability in landscape, building, and design will be integrated within the EcoDistrict. Goals include: Resilient infrastructure, smart city platform.

Health and Prosperity A healthy community depends on a healthy economy. Local entrepreneurship and cultural assets will be leveraged. Diversity in economy will allow emerging entrepreneurship opportunities to develop in addition to neighborhood-scale health care. Goals include: Diverse economy, entrepreneurship opportunities.

Defining Downtown Extents We used existing mapped definitions of the â&#x20AC;&#x153;downtownâ&#x20AC;? Tucson area to define our extent of study for creating a 2050 sustainability plan for downtown Tucson. This following maps show define districts within Tucson in four very different ways to understand a variety of perspectives.

4th Avenue Business District

Trail Extents

Turquoise Trail

Downtown/Centro Mercado

Sun Link Map

4th Avenue

Dunbar Barrio Spring Hollywood Barrio Anita

West University

Presidio El Presidio

Congress St. Convention Sentinel

Iron Horse

Menlo Park Barrio Viejo Barrio Kroeger Lane

Tucson Partnership Map

Pie Allen

Armory Park Millville

Barrio Santarosa

Santa Rita Park

Downtown Neighborhoods Map

Category Definitions Natural Environments 18

Built Environments

Energy and Carbon

Transportation (motor-less)

Energy is produced by renewable and non renewable sources to provide lighting, heating, cooling, and all other electrical functions to the city. Carbon emissions are released into the atmosphere through the use of fossil fuels and other non renewable energy sources.

Non-motorized transportation refers to bicycle and pedestrian activity in the downtown area. Elements consist of bike lanes, sidewalks, pedestrian-only roads, and any associated green infrastructure.

Water

Transportation (motorized)

The sum of natural and built systems which collect, transport, recycle, and output water in the form of rainfall, storm water, potable water, sanitary sewage, reclaimed water, and gray water.

Modes of transportation make a city sustainable by providing access to amenities available within a certain travel distance. In Tucson, a vehicle is the primary mode of transportation.

Housing House is the types of enclosed structures that people can stay inside with spending time and rest. It requires connected city utility infrastructure to provide necessary utilities to keep people safe and comfort.

Social Environments

Economic Environments

Art + Culture + Education

Small Scale Economic

This is composed of various spaces that serve for entertainment and learning experiences. The art and cultural buildings are where people are able to gather together and experience new or local music, artwork, and many different crafts.

Businesses with fewer than fifty employees and are not government, cultural, or health affiliated fall into this category. Clinics, theaters, and court houses are a few examples.

Historic

Large Scale Economic

Encompasses both prehistoric and historic archaeological sites and/or the built environment. Historic resources include historic sites, buildings, structures, landmarks, objects, districts, and landscapes.

The large scale economics category describes any buildings that have approximately fifty or more employees working at any given time. Some examples of these â&#x20AC;&#x153;large economic businessesâ&#x20AC;? would be high-rise office headquarters and hotels.

Open Spaces

Public Health

Parks, Plazas, and Open Spaces characterize this division. The few downtown parks are in need of vast overhaul before they are able to provide recreation and services for all ages and demographics. Increasing contiguous urban habitat through green corridors and restoring ecosystem services is also important to downtown development success.

Promotes and protects the health of people and the communities where they live, work , and play. Includes advisories, community outreach, rehabilitation, resources, education, and research. Sets safety standards to protect citizens.

Sub-Category Definitions

Solar Energy

Rainwater

Solar energy is collected through photovoltaic panels. The radiant energy emitted by the sun is a major source of renewable energy. Existing roofs and open space in need of shade are great potential areas to install photo-voltaic panels.

Precipitation that has potential to be harvested, stored, and directly used as a nonpotable water source.

Biomass Energy

Grey Water

Biomass is a renewable energy source produced by the burning of forest residue, yard waste, and also municipal solid waste. Biomass is converted to usable biofuel through thermal, chemical, and biochemical methods.

Waste water that has not come into contact with sewage, usually from sinks, washing machines, etc., and has the potential for reuse in irrigation.

Fossil Fuels

Stormwater

Precipitation which enters the storm sewers via the city’s impervious surfaces and is ultimately released into the Santa Cruz River through outfalls.

Potable Water

Sanitary Sewer

Drinking water, which is 50% CAP water and 50% pumped groundwater.

“Black” waste water which is treated and disposed of by water reclamation facilities.

Reclaimed Water

Green Infrastructure

Treated effluent that is safely used for irrigation and industrial purposes.

Use of curb cuts, vegetation, and water retention basins to mitigate stormwater runoff and provide urban green spaces.

Primary Road

Pedestrians Only

Usually larger roads with a designated bike lane. Used as a main bike route.

Streets with no vehicular access. Street car and bicycles are permitted.

Secondary Road

Train

Medium-sized roads with painted bike symbols, but not necessarily a designated bike lane. Used as a secondary route.

Established in 1907, the train brought Tucson a large influx of population to become the metropolitan area it is today.

Tertiary Road

Bus

Small or neighborhood roads with no designated bike lane. Bikes often flow with traffic.

Sun Tran and its 40 fixed routes were awarded “America’s Best Transit System” in 2005, providing Tucsonians an affordable and sustainable method of transportation.

Sub-Category Definitions

Street Car

Housing Complex

The Tucson Street Car, Sun Link, is the newest and most environmentally friendly mode of transportation in the Downtown District, connecting districts beyond downtown.

The housing complex is a mixture between single family house and multi-family house. Most of the housing complex includes one person rooms to 5 people rooms.

Car

Museum + Gallery

As the primary source of transportation in Tucson, cars and trucks have slowly been transitioning into becoming more environment friendly.

Museums and galleries provide art and cultural influence to downtown Tucson. The buildings are composed of both large and small scale.

Single Family

Education

Single family house is designed for a single dwelling unit. The house that is shared with more than one person belongs to a single family house if a door of a house is directly connected to street or thoroughfare, or have their own essential utilities.

The education sub-category is composed of all educational institutions ranging from day care to university level.

Multi-Family

Library

Multi-family house means a house with separate space to residential inhabitants in one building or a complex. A condominium can be multi-family house depends on their house units.

Educational buildings which house various collections of books, and where people are able to gain more knowledge of different subjects.

Cultural Center

Government + Civil

Cultural buildings that provide a wide range of learning and recreational opportunities. Usually is a big point of interest.

Historic buildings that house a branch of government for the City of Tucson or Pima County; or a landmark that resides in the public + private sector.

Film, Theater, + Performance

Commercial

Artistic buildings in which people are able to experience the local culture of Tucson. Activities such as concerts, ballets, movies, and performances are held here.

Historic buildings that accommodate business service spaces such as offices or retail.

Church

Residential

Religious buildings in which people congregate for worship.

Historic buildings that provide single or multifamily housing and fall within the Historic Preservation Zone.

Entertainment + Cultural

Mixed-Use

Historic landmarks or buildings that provide events, performances, or exhibits for users to visit.

Historic buildings that blend residential, commercial, cultural, or institutional uses together; allowing for physical and functional integration.

Sub-Category Definitions

Ecological

Living Infrastructure

Large connected tracts of wildlife corridors that extend along the Santa Cruz River.

Neighborhood scale spaces that are oriented towards food production and sustainability.

Plazas

Food

Often heavy in water use, these spaces are focused around built elements such as small water features and formal gathering areas.

Businesses are placed in this category if the product purchased can be ingested. Grocery stores, bars, cafes, smoothies, and ice cream shops are a few examples.

Municipal

Retail

Large green spaces monitored by the city and used for recreation, community events, and vegetation.

Businesses are placed in this category if the product purchased can be worn or carried. Clothing stores and jewelry stores are a few examples.

Parklet

Services

Pocket parks help to break up the cement jungle. Small in nature, the usefulness of these parks is to provide places of refuge along the city streets.

Businesses that provide a service and are neither consumable or wearable fall into this category.

Banking

Advisory

The banks in Tucson are some of the most iconic buildings. Towers such as “One South Church” help to define the Tucson skyline. Banks are a primary classification in downtown.

Focuses on organizations that provide safety and protection in downtown Tucson. Examples include Tucson Fire and Tucson Police Department.

Business + Office H.Q.

Recreational

Like banks, business headquarters such as TEP are highrise structures that require a large amount of resources to run and maintain.

Organizations that promote physical activity and health in downtown Tucson. Social engagement in the community is also provided by these businesses.

Hotel

Medical

Tucson’s downtown is beginning to build new hotels to promote tourism. An example of this is the AC hotel by Marriott. There are historic hotels as well such as Hotel Congress.

Buildings that offer health related services. Mental and physical health organizations in the area include hospitals, private practice offices, and rehabilitation centers.

Government

Resources for Professionals

Most of the jobs downtown are in the government sector. New government buildings are being built such as the new Consolidated Justice Court.

Businesses that support the growth and development of medical professionals. This subcategory includes medical administrations and healthcare companies.

Work Flow Stages Through the Semester Historic Mikayla Krager

Art + Culture Education Ignacio Comparini La Roche

26 Small Scale Economics Scott Hunter

Large Scale Economics Brady Stanton

Residential Kiuk Seong

Motorized Transportation Delia Martinez

Motor-less Transportation Michael Cimino

Public Health Collaborative Effort

Open Space Molly Adamowicz

Energy Jennifer Braun

Water Samantha Hauserman

JANUARY

Selection of Categories

FEBRUARY Sub-categories

MARCH

Taxonomy of Prototypes

MERCADO

Defining the Sub-districts

2050 ECODISTRICT Defining the Sub-districts

TUCSON CONVENTION CENTER Defining the Sub-districts

CONGRESS

Defining the Sub-districts

APRIL

Defining the Sub-districts

MAY

Final 2050 EcoDistrict

General Definitions Adaptive Reuse

The process of adapting old structures for new purposes

Brown Fields

Abandoned or idled, industrial and commercial facilities/sites where expansion or redevelopment is complicated by real or perceived environmental contamination in urban, suburban, or rural areas.

Carbon Footprint

Describes the total amount of greenhouse gases that are emitted as a result of the actions of an individual, a city, or any other unit. A carbon footprint is a function of all the energy used by an individual, business, event, or community for heating and cooling, appliances, vehicles , and embedded energy in everything purchased and consumed.

Carbon Neutrality

Refers to achieving net zero greenhouse gas emissions by balancing the amount of greenhouse gases released by a community with an equivalent amount that is either sequestered or offset. Also known as net-zero carbon footprint

Cultural Resources

Archaeological, traditional, and built environment resources, including but not necessarily limited to buildings, structures, objects, districts, and sites.

Energy Positive

Refers to a building that produces more energy than it consumes, resulting in a net reduction in the systems greenhouse gases accomplished through the sale of that â&#x20AC;&#x153;excessâ&#x20AC;? renewable energy as credits or offsets to other greenhouse gas emitters.

Green Infrastructure

Strategically planned and managed networks of natural lands, working landscapes, urban vegetation, and open space that conserve ecosystems, manage stormwater, reduce flood risks, improve water quality and provide recreational, aesthetic and health benefits to people.

Historic Preservation Zones

City of Tucson zoning overlays created by a 1972 ordinance for certain designated National Register of Historic Places districts that require compliance with specific development standards and design guidelines for exterior alterations to existing historic and non-historic buildings and for new construction, including work that does not require a building permit.

Municipal Planning Area

A future municipal boundary that goes beyond current corporate limits, and includes existing urban development in unincorporated areas for strategic planning. It also includes underutilized land in unincorporated areas where future growth may occur. Establishing this boundary allows a jurisdiction to carry out extra-territorial planning, showing how the undeveloped area should develop, and how infrastructure and services should be extended.

Net Positive

Producing more energy than is needed by a building or system, and exporting this to other systems or feeding the extra energy produced to the grid.

Resource Recovery

Collecting and separating of certain waste materials for processing into new forms which are ultimately sold as raw materials for new products.

Urban Renewal Net Zero

The total amount of energy used by the building on an annual basis is roughly equal to the amount of renewable energy created on the site or by renewable sources elsewhere.

Public Infrastructure

The collection of roads, bridges, rail lines, and similar public works required for an industrial economy, or a portion of it, to function.

Renewable Energy Technologies Technologies that produce sustainable, clean energy from sources such as the sun, wind, plants, and water.

Resilient or Resiliency

The capacity of a system, community, or society potentially exposed to hazards to adapt by resisting or changing in order to reach and maintain an acceptable level of functioning and structure. This is determined by the degree to which the social system is capable of organizing itself to increase its capacity for learning from past disasters for better future protection and to improve risk reduction measures.

The rehabilitation of city areas by renovating or replacing dilapidated buildings with new housing, public buildings, parks, roadways, industrial areas, etc., often in accordance with comprehensive plans.

Water Positive

Water independence, is defined as meeting one hundred percent of a projectâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s water need through onsite capture, reuse, or other closed loop systems and managing more than one hundred percent of a projectâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s storm water and water discharge though a close looped system or treatment and infiltration for ecological benefit.

Water Neutrality

Refers to an equilibrium where the total amount of potable water used by a community equals to the amount of potable water created within a community, without impacting the environment. Rain water collection and treatment and sustainable managed wells are possible sources. On site water capture and reuse, increasing permeability of the ground plane, and landscapes designed for storm water management water are all potential sinks. 100% of storm water must be managed within the community boundary.

3 Precedents

Albuquerque, New Mexico Sustainability Plan

City Population 647,601 Residents

Accessibility

Demographics White: 39.8% Hispanic or Latino: 48.5% American Indian and Alaska Native: 5.2% Black or African American: 2.3% Asian: 2.1% Pacific Islander: 0.1% Other: 0.2%

Take away graphic

Male: 48.7% Female: 51.3%

Natural Environment

High desert climate, thus water is a critical resource. Location for city allows for 300 days on sunlight a year. Increase in solar and wind generation and preservation and capture of water where applicable.

Built Environment

Founded in 1706, city was built spread out, thus automobile became a must. A huge reduction in automobile transportation and better accessibility through public transportation is desirable.

Social Environment

Preservation of historical architecture and amenities along the historical route 66 in order to maintain a strong tourist and economic attraction to the area. Added Bike Paths

Bike/Pedestrian Only

Albuquerque Rapid Transit

Streets and Major Avenues

Economic Environment

Preservation Defense Contractors, high tech industries, the University of New Mexico, health care service and many small businesses help to generate revenue. 1, 3, 6, 31, 35

Austin, Texas

Sustainability Plan

Aerial photo of the city of Austin looking across the river to the surrounding neighborhood districts

City Population 931,830 Residents

Eco District

Demographics

Seaholm Eco-District Parks Leed Certified Buildings Cuisine Ecology and Wildlife Preservation Mobility Recycling

White: 49.7% Hispanic: 34.0% African American: 7.2% Asian: 6.1% American Indian: 0.2% Pacific Islander: .07% Other 2.8

Female: 50.3% Male: 49.7%

Natural Environment

Austins plan deals in bettering the environment, tackling climate, ecosystems, waste, water, and energy issues with realistic goals, most of which have already been met.

Mobile Downtown

Built Environment

Austin is actively creating better buildings all around downtown with LEED certification. As part of its sustainability plan, the city of Austin is developing Seaholm, a EcoDistrict, a compact and connected neighborhood.

Social Environment Heavy Bus Lines Low Bus Lines Bicycle Routes

The major challenge is to have people engage and participate in the projects that are created to stimulate the environment and economy.

Economic Environment

Austin is developing more community activities to stimulate businesses and the economy. The Seaholm and SoCo districts are great examples of this. 2

2, 7, 24, 28, 29

Curitiba, Parana Brazil

City Population

Curitiba’s Bus Rapid Transit Routes

1.8 Million Residents

Demographics With 106,750 acres of city area, Curitiba’s density level is 16.86 people per acre in which 100% of the residents live in an urban area. In 2010, Curitiba was awarded the ‘Sustainable City Award’ for its impressive advance in transportation and waste management.

Natural Environment Through the Green Exchange, citizens of Curitba are encouraged to recycle in exchange of tickets to the BRT as a 0 waste community.

Built Environment Inter 2 Tamandare - Cabral Pinheirirhino - S. Candida Aeroporto Pinhais - Campo Comprido Boqueirao - Centro Civico Bairro Novo

Sitio Cercado Fazenda Rio Grande Araucaria - Curitiba Colombo / CIC Fazendinha - Tamandare Campo Largo - Cabral Centro Politecnico

Curitiba’s Efficient Road Layout

One of the most heavily, yet affordable, transit systems in the world, the Bus Rapid Transit System provides congestion-free streets and pollution-free air.

Social Environment Curitiba’s air quality is at 60.23% and citizens have 52 m of green space for each individual.

Economic Environment By having a ‘Commerce City’ away from the main areas of Curitiba there is no air pollution, sound pollution, or traffic congestion. 21, 22, 32, 36

Los Angeles, California pLAn

This image looks from the Griffith Observatory out to the residential and downtown areas of Los Angeles

City Population 10,020,000 Residents

Solar Energy Potential

Demographics

Legend <13,000 Solar Roof Acres <7,000 Solar Roof Acres <4,500 Solar Roof Acres <3,000 Solar Roof Acres

Los Angeles is split down the middle for men and women. The populations consists of about 50% Hispanics, then 30% white people, and a number of Asians, blacks, and natives. The land inside LA country is predominantly open space and agriculture space. Half of this land remains unprotected and as the city grows, the open and agriculture lands are in danger of development from suburbanization. The inner city land is used to serve residential, commercial, institutional, and industrial areas. UCLA is working with pLAn to meet their 2050 sustainability goals.

Natural Environment It is the goal of pLAn to use 100% renewable energy and 100% local water by 2050, while also enhancing the overall ecosystem and health of the surrounding environment.

Park Connectivity

Built Environment LA plans to increase their overall building efficiency by 30% by 2035. They plan to construct over 100,000 housing units by 2025 to accommodate for housing shortage. Legend Within 1/4 mile of park Outside 1/4 mile of park Undeveloped area

Social Environment LA plans to provide urban parks within walking distance for everyone in downtown LA by 2050. They will sacrifice infrastructure for green space.

Economic Environment There is a dramatic gap in household income throughout LA. The goal is to reduce the unemployment gap from .6% to .35% by 2025. 10, 11, 12

Masdar City, Abu Dhabi Sustainability Plan

City Population Will be built to house up to 50,000 Residents

Hierarchical Urban Fabric

Demographics Residential Private courtyards Sikkak (pedestrian alleys) Baharaat (courtyards at the intersection of sikkak) Mushtaraks (shared “complete streets”) Block boundaries

Currently comprised of around 1,000 students and faculty of the Masdar Institute of Science, but will ultimately include families, employees of Masdar’s many “green-tech” companies, and service professionals as well.

Natural Environment While all water currently comes from electrically powered desalinization plants, Masdar hopes to use its solar fields to power desalinization plants.

Hydrozoning and Arid Landscaping Hydrozones will be implemented for strategic water resource allocation. Masdar also ultimately plans to use 70% native plant species in its landscapes and use only 2L/m2 of irrigation per day.

Desert parks

Sikkak (alleys), baharaat (courtyards), and productive landscape Green finger parks, mosque plaza, and transit plaza

Built Environment Urban form in the city will rely heavily on passive and historic design strategies to create comfortable micro climates and green buildings.

Social Environment Residential blocks create a hierarchy of spaces with access to a variety of public greenspaces, including courtyards, a desert park, and two serpentine “green fingers.”

Economic Environment The city’s “Free Zone” program will allow 100% foreign business ownership, lift import taxes and currency restrictions, and protect intellectual property rights. 3, 4, 14, 15, 16, 17, 23, 30, 33

New York, New York OneNYC

City Population

New York Poupulation Density High Medium High Medium Low Low Low

8,491,079

Demographics MALE - 4,051,413 (47.7&) FEMALE - 4,439,666 (52.3%) WHITE - 2,739,146 (32.6%) HISPANIC - 2,428,756 (28.9%) BLACK ALONE - 1,882,528 (22.4%) ASIAN ALONE - 1,123,779 (13.4%) TWO OR MORE RACES - 134.471 (1.6%) OTHER RACE ALONE - 76,151 (0.9%) AMERICAN INDIAN ALONE -17,182 (0.2%) NATIVE HAWAIIAN AND OTHER PACIFIC ISLANDER ALONE - 3,824 (0.05%

Natural Environment

New York Poverty Map

Built Environment

More Than 30% 25% ~ 30% 20% ~ 25% 15% ~ 20% 10% ~ 15% in Poverty

Social Environment

Less Than 10% in Poverty

Economic Environment

18, 19, 20

Portland, Oregon 2035 Portland Plan

Aerial photo of Portland City Center looking across the river to the surrounding neighborhood districts

Natural Environment Preservation

City Population 632,309 Residents

Demographics White: 76.1% African American: 6.2% American Indian: 1% Asian: 7% Pacific Islander: .5% Hispanic: 9.2%

Female: 50.5% Male: 49.5% Habitat Corridor Greenway + Park Trails 300â&#x20AC;&#x2122; topo

Natural Environment

Brownfield Remediation

Revitalize the natural environment, by integrating greenways and trails throughout Portland, while also re-establishing and maintaining habitat corridors. 3

Built Environment

Analyze the current land uses to determine areas where growth is needed. Through a better understanding of city growth, transit rails will expand to meet the needs of growing communities and city centers.

Social Environment

To maintain the heritage and culture of Portland, historic and conservation districts should be revitalized and made relevant to city needs to enhance neighborhoods and city centers.

Economic Environment Finished Projects Pending Projects

Since the industrial zones and ports are essential to the economic growth of Portland, encouraging local goods and investments over imports will help Portland to prosper economically. 5, 34, 35

Rotterdam, Netherlands Program on Sustainability and Climate Change

City Population

Sustainability Plan Goals

623,652 Residents Savings for Residents Wind and Sun Power Biofuels

Create a Green, Healthy, and Resilient City Clean Air More Green Space Dry Feet Sustainable Areas

Cleaner Energy at Lower Costs

Demographics 47% of the population is non-native. 70% of population between the ages of 20-40 years. Males: 48.2% Females: 51.8%

Strong and Innovative Economy Opportunities for clean technology Energy Efficiency Circular Economy Cleaner Transport and Logistics

Ephemeral Water Harvesting

Natural Environment

Current environmental issues in Rotterdam are centered around climate change and managing weather conditions that lead to extreme flooding. Pollution from the surrounding port is also a hazard.

Built Environment

Focused on re-thinking the consumption and production of energy, reducing noise pollution in industrial areas, and maintaining safe traffic circulation.

Social Environment

Changes to enhance the current standing focus on enhancing cultural competence and community development in addition to increasing employment rates in young citizens.

Water Square De Urbanite, an urban design and planning company, developed a creative method for collecting heavy rainfall by designing ephemeral water parks. This system allows for excess water to be contained and released at a slower, more absorbent rate.

Economic Environment

Expanding the methods for sustainable energy production provides an opportunity for Rotterdam to distinguish itself as a competitive port in the future. 8, 13, 27

Seattle, Washington Seattle 2035

City Population

Area of Downtown Seattle

608,660 Residents

Demographics White: 66% Asian: 14% Hispanic: 8% Black: 7% Other: 5%

rcent 49% 5% 6% 5% 11% 8% 14%

Natural Environment

66.00% 8.00% 7.00% 14.00% 5.00%

nic

/mixed race

Preserve the characteristic beauty of the Pacific Northwest, and emphasize the implementation of parks, green space, and habitat preservation.

Built Environment

Chart Title

Demographics

Seattle is already highly urbanized. Growth is targeted in existing urban areas, and improvements to transportation network will be made as needed.

Land Use

14%

Social Environment

7% 8%

White White

49%

11%

66%

Asian

Other/mixed race Hispanic Black Hispanic race African American Asian Single Other/mixed family Vacant

Single family

Economic Environment

5% Institutional

Vacant Multifamily Commercial/mixed use Commercial Industrial Ins�tu�on Parks/Open Space Industrial

Preserve the character of existing neighborhoods and promote cultural vibrancy. Draft solutions for homelessness, poverty, and hunger.

Capital investments will be made in areas that are expected to experience strong job growth. Infrastructure improvements will be made to Mul�family facilitate growth as well.

25, 26

Washington DC Sustainable DC

Aerial photo of the National Mall with the Washington monument in the foreground.

City Population

Economic Distribution $116,668

$257,386

601,203 Residents Average Household Income

Demographics African American: 50% White: 38% Hispanic: 9% Asian: 3% American Indian: .5% Pacific Islander: .5%

$78,559

$54,667

51 Female: 52.7% Male: 47.3% $190,692

$44,076

Natural Environment

Protect Wetlands, and ecosystems. Create more tree cover over the entire district to improve quality of life. Enhance access to parks and greenspace.

Green Areas

Built Environment

Rock Creek Park National Zoological Park

Natural Arboretum

Glover Archibald Park

Social Environment

Ensure that schools educate about sustainability and green economies. By 2032 cut obesity levels by 50% By 2032, require all housing projects to follow the â&#x20AC;&#x153;healthy by designâ&#x20AC;? guidelines.

The Mall

East Potomac Park

Increase urban landscape density to account for growing population. Create better neighborhood environments. Improve current building sustainability. Use green design for all future buildings.

Fort Dupont Park

Economic Environment

By 2032, create 3 times as many small businesses to promote accessibility. By 2032, reduce unemployment by 50%, and create 5 times as many green jobs in both goods and services.

32, 37

4 Mapping the Past

Mapping the Past Historic

History Through the diverse amount of Native, Spanish, and American settlers, a wide range of demographics is present in Tucsonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s history. This mix of various cultures continued throughout the history of Tucson due to trade and mining industries, the introduction of railroads, and the University of Arizona. It is due to the richness of culture found within Tucson that has allowed for historic landmarks and districts to be crucial to the Downtown Tucson atmosphere. Although what is considered historic, is ever changing, history and historic landmarks have always been an element of celebration for the city. Although historic districts have been altered or eliminated in the past when the City of Tucson was expanding, the attitude towards historic preservation has greatly grown. Through this new enthusiasm, historic landmarks are now being preserved and renovated to help recapture the rich history of Tucsonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s culture and architectural influences.

Historic Landmarks Legislation + Development 17

2010 La Pilita Cultural Center 2014 Pleasure World Gallery

2005 Imagio Dei School

1995 The Screening Room

2013 Tucson Exploded View

2006 Train Museum

1996 Nostros Academy

1991 Childrens Museum

1982 Philabaum Gallery

1972 ASU Civil Works

1975 Romero Pooers House

1990 Joel D. Valdex Main Library

1982 Etherton Gallery

1930 Carillo School 1966 Arizona Theater Company 1971 Tucson Convennon Center

1916 Scoosh Cathedral

1896 Cathedral San Agussne

2005 Conrad Wilde Gallery

2000 2050 Future Arts District

2013 Carrington College

2007 Jewisj Historic Museum

2004 City High School

1996 Museum of Contemporary Art

1992 WomanKraa Gallery

1986 1st Mexican Bappst Church

1900

1988 Solar Culture Gallery

1975 Tucson Museum og art

1920 Rialto Theater 1930 Fox Theater 1966 Pima Community College 1971 Leo Rich Theater/Music Hall

1800

1915 SaďŹ&#x20AC;ord School

1864 Arizona Historical Society Museum

56 1858 Sosa Carillo Fermont House Museum

Mapping the Past Art + Culture + Education

2050

Historical photograph of Pennington Street, ca 1881 (image courtesy of the Arizona Historical Society, Tucson. Photograph No.B109289).



Congress Street (Calle de la Alegria) – Originally named “Street of Joy” during Tucson’s Spanish period. In 1869, its name changed to Congress Street, derived from Charles O. Brown’s Congress Hall Saloon. In 1867, Arizona’s territorial capital was moved to Tucson and Brown’s saloon served as one of three meeting places for the Territorial Legislature.

Museum + Gallery Education

Cultural Centers

Library

Churches

Film + Theater + Performance

Source(s): Lockwood, Frank C and Donald W. Page. Tucson the Old Pueblo. Tucson: Santa Cruz Valley Press, 1930; Reprint 2005.

History

Congress Street ca.Street 1888facing west, ca 1888 (image courtesy of the Historical photograph of Congress Arizona Historical Society, Tucson. Photograph No.2911).

The earliest inhabitants of the Tucson area and its surrounding are descendants of Tohono O’odhan from around 450 A.D. The Hohokam, a group descending from the O’odhann are the more widely known tribe that still exists today towards the south of Tucson. In the Tucson downtown area the first pioneers selected there in the 1700’s, but it is not until the 1900’s where most of the growth is seen. Some of the first cultural establishments are churches and schools, followed by libraries, cultural centers, museums, and theater spaces. 6, 7, 12, 19, 26

Division of Emergency Medical Services, receives the authority to adopt standards and procedures for ground and air ambulances.

Arizona became one only a couple of states to have all county health departments recognized by Project Public Health Ready (PPHR).

The Smoke-Free Arizona

Hazardous Waste Regulations were developed and adopted.

Pima County Medical Society develops nations first city/county health department

City’s mayor and council adopted the Emergency Operations Plan (EOP).

Division of Behavioral Health is created at ADHS by statute.

Arizona Department of Health Services created.

Diesel fire engines began replacing the gasoline-powered engines for emergency vehicles

Arizona Community Mental Health Centers Act of 1963 passed. State plans for building comprehensive mental health centers.

1950

Polio vaccine in Tucson. Establishes city as first polio-free metro area in the United States

Nutrition is incorporated into all public health programs and in schools

Created of Desert Sanatorium

1900 Tucson Sunshine Club created to promote health and tourism in Tucson

Pima County Medical Society created.

1850 Development of Tucson Fire Department

Arizona presented in medical field as a “health resort”

58 Saint Mary’s Hospital and Sanatorium created by t he Sisters of St. Joseph of Carondelet

Mapping the Past Public Health

2000 2050

Advisories Medical

Resources for Professionals Education and Outreach

Recreational

History The development of medical care in the Tucson area was initiated by the settling of Father Kino and several missionaries around the Santa Cruz River. The first hosiptal, Saint Maryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Hositpal and Sanatorium, was founded in 1880 by the Sisters of Saint Joseph Carondelet. By the beginning of the 1900s, Tucson was beginning to develop a reputation for being a healthy area or resort town. Citizens from the United States started to move away from cold weather and early settlement to Tucson, a place with sunshine and healing.

This health movement has developed Tucson as a central place for medical care and research. Throughout the 1900s, people moved to Tucson to heal after the war, recieve tuburcoloisis treatment, and recieve polio treatments. The rich history of public health and safety in Tucson has developed this city as a internationally recongized place for health care.

14, 16, 20, 21

1955 National Polk

1900

1935 Ranch

1925 International

1870

1915 California Mission Revival

1840

1895 Queen Anne

1863 Transformed Sonoran

1930

Future Prospect Underground housing

1950 Post-war Pueblo

1930 Tudor Revival

1920 Spanish Colonial Revival/Spanish Ecletic Pueblo Revival

1900 Neoclassical/Classical Revival

1880 American Territorial

1840s Sonoran

Mapping the Past Housing

1960 2050

Single Family Housing Multi Family Housing Housing Complex

Tucson Housing Tucson had a lot of desert houses with Mexican, and Native American style houses. As time goes, the style of houses keeps changed slightly to adopt new style but keeping Tucsonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s color. Therefore, Tucson tried to preserve a lot of historic houses to maintain Tucsonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s color. Over time, the energy efficiency is increased, but the exterior of houses are remaining as historic style.

22, 23, 24, 25

Mapping the Past Small Scale Economics

Copper Silver Mining

Movies Plays

Cattle Ranching

1873

Film

1885 Tourism

1946 1945

2015

Tech Businesses Vehicles Airplanes Computers

Food Services

Retail

History Cattle Ranching was first introduced in 1873 which caused extreme changes in the environment. Both large and small time businesses dealing with cattle came to Arizona. In 1885, with the assistance of the Railroad, mining copper and then silver became very popular, attracting a lot of business. The town Tombstone, which was a large mining city, was used as a backdrop for â&#x20AC;&#x153;Westernâ&#x20AC;? films.

After World War II, Technological business became more common. These businesses included the production of vehicles, airplanes, computers, etc. Some of the small scale businesses, of which lasted, have become large scale. Retail, Food, and Services unique to Tucson have popped up and disappeared through the ages.

Throughout the ages of Tucson, due to the ranching, the mining, film and culture, a lot of tourism took place. 11

Mapping the Past Large Scale Economics Tucson Growth Tucson downtown began to grow in the late 60’s and through the early eighties. The growth was mostly in government jobs and some retail. Most of the buildings completed in the seventies and eighties provided a distinct look to the Tucson metropolitan area. The architectural style evolved from a mix of heavy brutalist and art deco designs. This style began to inform many of the highrises which would follow.

Tourism and Consumerism Historically, Tucson has seen a great deal of business from tourism. However, the downtown area has never been the primary target of such tourism, due to its government job focus and limited entertainment options. The construction of the Tucson Community Center in 1971, though controversial for its destruction of several low income communities, provided a civic center for hosting many events. One large event that creates a large influx of consumers, and as a consequence, economic profit to surrounding businesses is the Gem and Mineral Show. Events such as these have been critical in shaping the downtown economic conditions.

Tucson Power and Employment Almost all of Tucson’s power is provided by the Tucson Electric Power Company. They have been a large employer in Tucson, due to the mining of coal and other fossil fuels to gain energy. In the future, this practice may not be tolerated, so they may evolve with the sustainable Tucson ideology and move toward solar and other energy sources. Many of plan Tucson’s goals focus on trying to increase high tech jobs and provide facilities to do so. This will be an outlet when looking forward for Tucson’s power and future employment.

1920’s 1930’s 1940’s 1960’s 1970’s 1980’s 1990’s 2000+

Mapping the Past Motorized Transportation Tucson Railroad Purchased in 1998, the former Southern Pacific Railroad Depot on Toole Avenue the train station became part of the Union Pacific Railroad for $2.1 million dollars.

Ronstadt Station Designed by Fentress Architects, the Ronstadt Transit Center takes up 600,000 square feet in downtown Tucson, The project was completed in 1991 and is described by the architects as “a colonnaded arbor that wraps around two sides of this dynamic civic space, lined with shaded seating and arched entries.” Working with the University of Arizona, two 50-foot cooling towers were developed to combat Tucson’s summer heat. 20,000 ceramic tiles made by a local artist surround the structure of the project. “Located in Tucson’s historic arts district, Ronstadt was instrumental to the neighborhood’s revitalization and has become a destination for festivals and community events.

Greyhound Originally on Stone Ave. between Congress and Broadway, Greyhound station was then relocated. Its current location on Congress street was supposed to only be a temporary site, but has remained there for over 10 years. The new landlord for the station will be Rio Nuevo and the design is still in process.

Arizona Per-Capita Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) from 1994-2012

9.523

10.131

9.509

67 1994 pop: 4,071,650 total vmt: 38,774m

Prehistoric

2000 pop: 5,175,581 total vmt: 49,216m

1840

1850

1860

2006 pop: 6,166,318 total vmt: 62,468m

1870

1880

1890

1900

1910

2012 pop: 6,553,225 total vmt: 60,129m

1920

1930

1940

3, 10, 13, 15

Vegetation is converted to low water use, desert plantings

The Sunshine Club is establish to boast tourism and advertise Tucson as a resort community.

1850

Flooding in Santa Cruz river creates canals and erodes vegetation

1800 Increase in water supplies results in Tucson developing into a green oasis to attract visitors

Gadsden Purchase

68 Tucson adopts a water-conservation landscape ordinance that restricts the use of turf and mandates planting low water use species.

First land use plan approved in Pima County

Arbor Day legislation sparks tree-planting in Tucson

City council develops policy which provides free water to street trees.

Greening throughout Tucson begins

Spanish settlement along Santa Cruz River

Mapping the Past Open Spaces

1900 2000 2050

Ecological Municipal

Living Infrastructure Parklets

Plaza

Past History The development of open space is Tucson is highly dependent upon the water resources available throughout the city. Historic developments in the area were made by missionaries along the Santa Cruz river in search for land to build a community. Current open space consists of a mixture of small to large size sites. There is very little current urban agriculture and a large portion of open space is wasted on vacant or unprogrammed sites. Community initiates are starting to re-purpose these sites and created places for recreation and engagement.

Mapping the Past Energy and Carbon

1999

The city of Tucson began actively installing solar panels on existing roof space around the city in an effort to produce clean renewable energy.

2005

There is a total of around three hundred solar panels installed in downtown area. Solar panels were extremely expensive and much less efficient than they are today. These issues limited the rate at which the government pursued this large task.

2008

Since 2008, the government has reduced their greenhouse gas emissions by 6% with a 32% increase in building efficiency, 29% less emission from employees commuting to work, and a 28% decrease in greenhouse gas emissions from fleet vehicles.

2014

The street car became active making it easier for people to take public transportation to downtown, and conserving resources.

Entertainment + Cultural Residential Mixed-use + Civil Civic Residential Government Commercial Commercial 50 Solar Panels Vacant

Past Statistics Historically and still today people do not view it as a wise investment to spend money now that we will not see paybacks for until 7 years later. Many buildings downtown, and modes of transportation are not equipped to function on a lower power supply. This is new and these older technologies need to be updated to make a sustainable future. In the last 25 years the population in Tucson has increased by 100,000 adding many more commuting cars to I-10 every morning. The carbon emissions are hard to control because the variables re always changing.

Current Observations “I don’t really see any evidence of renewable energy being produced or used in downtown other than a few solar panels here and there.” -Saltanat Zhumagulova “The addition of the street car gives a non-carbon energy transportation option as long as the energy production method is also clean.” -Alex Chavez 1, 18

Mapping the Past Water The all-too-familiar story of groundwater depletion by a slowly sinking city.

1870

1881

1882

1895

1900

The Santa Cruz is a perennial stream filled with beaver damns and surrounded by lagoons, riparian forest, and little springs. Even in dry times, digging three feet into the river bed would yield water.

The Santa Cruz irrigates numerous agricultural plots via acequias, community-operated water channels.

The private Tucson Water Company builds two 20-ft wells. Later, a perforated pipe is laid in the Santa Cruz river bed for six additional wells.

The first sewage farm in Tucson is built 18 miles south of Tucson.

Tucson Water becomes a municipal utility.

Mule teams haul water to Fort Lowell.

Private water companies like Rincon Water sell water by truck. (Rincon water was from the mountains, and had less of a taste than Santa Cruz water).

Water is brought from the river in hide or canvas bags on the backs of burros to be sold in town for 5 cents a bucket by agua vendors. The water is stored in earthen ollas, which are stored in breezewways to keep the water cool.

Agriculture and Acequias 1870 Water canal Agriculture

Water Distribution 1883 Tucsonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s first plumbing

Water Use in Tucson 500,000

1940 Groundwater begins to be withdrawn at a rate greater than was being naturally replenished. Surface water vanishes. So do the fish.

Water in Acre-Feet

Total Agriculture Municipal Industrial

1955

1960

1967

1975

1993

Tucson has 69 wells (compared to 206 active wells today).

The Water and Sewage Department is declared created.

The first wastewater treatmant plant is built.

Agriculture declines in Tucson.

Central Arizona Project infrastructure finishes for Tucson.

2000 73

The Santa Cruz River in the Late 1800s

2, 4, 9

5 Calculations

2015, 2030, 2050 Resource Projections Energy Use per Square Foot 160

Energy (kWh/sf)

140 120 100 80

Art + Culture + Education

Public Health

Small Economy

Large Economy

Historic

2050

2030

2015

2050

2030

2015

2050

2030

2015

2050

2030

2015

2050

2030

2015

2050

2030

2015

Residential

Water Use per Square Foot 80

60 50 40 30 20

Art + Culture + Education

Public Health

Small Economy

Large Economy

Historic

Residential

2050

2030

2015

2050

2030

2015

2050

2030

2015

2050

2030

2015

2050

2030

2015

2050

2030

2015

2050

2030

10 2015

Water (Gallons/sf)

Open Spaces

Waste Production per Square Foot 24

Waste (Pounds/sf)

21 18 15 12 9 6

Art + Culture + Education

Public Health

Small Economy

Large Economy

Historic

2050

2030

2015

2050

2030

2015

2050

2030

2015

2050

2030

2015

2050

2030

2015

2050

2030

2015

Residential

1.5

0.5

6 2015 2030 2050

2.5

2015 2030 2050

3.5

2015 2030 2050

4.5

2015 2030 2050

5.5

2015 2030 2050

Square Feet (Millions)

Total Square Feet

Art + Culture + Education

Public Health

Small Economy

Large Economy

Historic

Residential

Motorized Transport

Open Spaces

2015, 2030, 2050 Resource Projections Total Energy Use

1,800 mil. Increased Building Efficiency

Energy (kWh)

1,500 mil. 1,200 mil.

Behavioral Changes Central Plant Efficiencies

900 mil.

On-site Renewables

600 mil.

Off-site Renewables

300 mil.

Purchased Renewable Offsets 2015

2030

2050

Total Water Use Behavioral Changes

1,200 mil.

Fixtures + Landscape

1,000 mil.

Rainwater Treatment

800 mil.

Storm + Wastewater Treatment

Water (Gallons)

600 mil. 400 mil. 200 mil.

Grey water Reuse

0 mil. 200 mil. 2015

2030

2050

Total Waste Production

190 mil. Source Reduction and Reuse

Waste (pounds)

160 mil.

Recycling / Composting

130 mil. 100 mil.

Energy Recovery

70 mil.

Treatment/Disposal

40 mil.

2015

2030

2050

Population to Square Feet 40 mil.

Los Angeles Phoenix

6.0% 5.0%

35 mil. 30 mil. 25 mil. 20 mil.

4.0%

TUCSON ECO-DISTRICT

3.0%

15 mil. 10 mil.

2.0%

Pima

1.0 % 2015

2030

2050

5 mil.

Total Square Feet

Percent Growth per Year

38 million square feet

ENERGY

Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (166 miles travel distance)

Energy Taxonomy Sub-Categories

Solana Generating Station (136 miles travel distance)

Solar Energy:

Biomass Energy:

Fossil Fuels:

TCC Arizona Supreme Court Federal Borough of Investigation Sentinel Plaza Carillo K-5 School Pennington Street Garage Residential

Currently None

Charge Point Charging Station Circle K Shell TCC Combined Heat and Power County Heating and Cooling

1, 15

Projected Energy Baselines 2015

Total sq : 115,812 sq

Solar Energy Production For 2030, a 4% increase in solar panel efficiency has been determined, producing an average of 496 kWh per panel per year (26% efficiency). For 2050, a 6% increase in solar panel efficiency has been determined, producing an average of 610 kWh per panel per year (32% efficiency). Total Energy Produced per Year: 2015 Total: 138,896,704 kWh 2030 Total: 221,487,710 kWh 2050 Total: 435,128,078 kWh

2030

Biomass Energy Production

Total sq : 1,860,000 sq For 2030, a 6% increase in bio-fuel efficiency has been determined, producing an average of 631 kWh per ton of waste (26% efficiency). For 2050, a 9% increase in bio-fuel efficiency has been determined, producing an average of 849 kWh per ton of waste (35% efficiency). Total Energy Produced per Year: 2015 Total: 0 kWh 2030 Total: 37,020,747 kWh 2050 Total: 51,849,987 kWh

2050

Total sq : 2,310,000 sq

Fossil Fuel Consumption For 2030 and 2050, the fossil fuel consump on is determined based on the amount of energy that cannot be produced from solely renewable energy sources. Total Energy Consumed per Year: 2015 Total: 367,548,987 kWh 2030 Total: 456,944,694 kWh 2050 Total: 558,586,884 kWh

Base Calculations

Plan Tucson Goals Solar EC5: 005 - Develop community energy conserva on educa on and energy efficiency retrofit programs and iden fy appropriate new financing opportuni es for ‘energy efficiency and solar energy installa ons.

Solar Energy Produced

450 mil.

EC6: 006 - Increase the use of solar power and other renewable energy sources for City infrastructure, facili es, and opera ons.

KW h

350 mil.

250 mil.

150 mil. 2010

2020

2030

2040

2050

2060

YEAR

Biomass EQ1: 027 - Strive for a “zero waste” model for solid and hazardous waste through integrated waste management and waste reduc on. EQ6: 032 - Promote recycling as well as the responsible disposal of electronics and hazardous waste, and reduce other environmentallydamaging forms of waste.

Biomass Energy Produced 60 mil. 50 mil.

KW h

40 mil. 30 mil. 20 mil. 10 mil. 2010

2020

2030

2040

YEAR

2050

2060

Fossil Fuels EQ7: 033 - Develop prac ces to reduce u lity, fuel, and procurement costs and to improve environmental performance through process, technological, and behavioral changes to demonstrate City leadership in sustainable prac ces and improve opera onal eﬃciencies.

2,3,4

District Energy 2050

Off-site Wind Credit

DISTRICT CENTRAL PLANTS

Off-site Solar

ENERGY STORAGE Off-site Waste to Energy Facility

RENEWABLE S

DOWNTOWN ECO-DISTRICT 2,3,4

2015 CENTRAL PLANT EFFICIENCIES

ON-SITE RENEWABLES

PURCHASED RENEWABLE OFFSETS

11%

14% Install 80 electric charging stations downtown. Encourage alternative fuel vehicles.

Utilize rooftops and open areas within district for photo-voltaic and solar thermal.

Build off-site biomass energy facility. Use black water and organic waste from Eco District and surrounding Tucson to produce to energy. Build off-site wind facility. Install solar thermal within district for hot water use.

Invest in building wind farm in Springville, Arizona to earn renewable credits.

23%

16%

E N E R G Y

OFF-SITE RENEWABLES

Increase building envelope efficiency on all new buildings by 17%. Upgrade existing buildings to use low energy systems.

13%

Z E R O

BEHAVIORAL CHANGES

Central Plant Reduces square footage allotment in each building to for heating and cooling functions. Central Plant uses efficient energy storage methods.

2050

N E T

BUILDING EFFICIENCY

2030

District Energy 2050 Distribution Strategies

Off-site Wind Energy

Enlarged District Energy Plant Off-site Photo-voltaic

On-site Photo-voltaic

On-site Solar Thermal

Off-site Biomass

• • • • • • • • • •

Cooling Towers Heat Recovery Chiller Transformer ENERGY STORAGE Generators Water Pump Condenser Evaporators Transformer Wind Catcher

Public transportation Fuel Cells

87 Public Lighting

Thermal Storage

Electric Charging Stations

Batteries

Buildings

WATER

Water Taxonomy Sub-Categories

Potable Water:

Grey Water:

Sanitary Sewer:

Mandatory service area includes all of downtown district

2016 grey water harvest rebate program participants

Service area includes all of downtown district

Rainwater:

Stormwater:

Reclaimed Water:

2016 rainwater harvest rebate program participants

Arroyo Chico outfalls Santa Cruz outfalls

None

Projected Water Baselines 2015

Rainwater (Rooftop) The 2015 precipita on baseline used is 13.35 inches. For 2030, a 0.88 inch decrease in precipita on has been calculated. For 2050, 1.29 inch decrease in precipita on has been calculated. Roo op surface increase from 14.45% of district surface in 2015 to 16.04% for 2030, and to 18.21% in 2050. Percent district surface was mul plied by monthly precipita on totals. Total Rainwater Poten al per Year: 2015 Total: 51,685,848 gal 2030 Total: 68,518,917 gal 2050 Total: 107,397,282 gal

2030

Stormwater (Impervious) Impervious surfaces decreased from 26.75% of district surface in 2015 to 25.54% for 2030, and to 15.97% in 2050. Percent district surface was mul plied by monthly precipita on totals. Total Stormwater Poten al per Year: 2015 Total: 93,804,033 gal 2030 Total: 122,849,474 gal 2050 Total: 197,590,396 gal

2050

Open Space (Pervious) Pervious surfaces increased from 58.80%% of district surface in 2015 to 59.42% for 2030, and to 65.82% in 2050. Percent district surface was mul plied by monthly precipita on totals. Total Groundwater Recharge Poten al per Year: 2015 Total: 45,680,993 gal 2030 Total: 61,196,930 gal 2050 Total: 120,568,785 gal

Projected Water Supply

Plan Tucson Goals Potable Water

Precipita on in Inches

Monthly Precipita on by Category for 2015 3 in.

WR10: Con nue to manage the City’s Water Service Area, considering service area expansion only when it furthers the long-term social, economic, and environmental interest of City residents. WR2: Expand the use of alterna ve sources of water for potable and non-potable uses, including rainwater, grey water, reclaimed, eﬄuent, and stormwater.

2.5 in. 2 in.

1.5 in. 1 in. 0.5 in. 0

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Months

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Rainwater WR6: Integrate land use and water resource planning. WR2: Expand the use of alterna ve sources of water for potable and non-potable uses, including rainwater, grey water, reclaimed, eﬄuent, and stormwater.

Grey Water

Precipita on in Inches

Monthly Precipita on by Category for 2030 3 in.

WR2: Expand the use of alterna ve sources of water for potable and non-potable uses, including rainwater, grey water, reclaimed, eﬄuent, and stormwater.

2.5 in. 2 in.

1.5 in.

Stormwater

1 in. 0.5 in. 0

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Months

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

WR5: Protect groundwater, surface water, and stormwater from contamina on. WR8: Integrate the use of green infrastructure and low impact development for stormwater management in public and private development and redevelopment projects.

Sanitary Sewer WR9: Provide opportuni es to supply alterna ve water sources for sewer system ﬂush.

Precipita on in Inches

Monthly Precipita on by Category for 2050 3 in.

Reclaimed Water

2.5 in. 2 in.

WR4: Ensure an adequate amount of water to meet the needs of riparian ecosystems. WR2: Expand the use of alterna ve sources of water for potable and non-potable uses, including rainwater, grey water, reclaimed, eﬄuent, and stormwater.

1.5 in. 1 in. 0.5 in. 0

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Months

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

District Water 2050

Aquifer Recharge

RAINWATER CAPTURE

Restored Santa Cruz

SUB-DISTRICT TREATMENT AND REUSE

RENEWED SURFACE WATER Elimination of CAP and Water Wells

DOWNTOWN ECO-DISTRICT

2015

2030

2050

Increase building water and landscape irrigation efficiency by 40%

Create a culture of water conservation through design

10%

38%

GREY WATER REUSE 100% of grey water re-used for localized irrigation needs

RAINWATER TREATMENT

P O S I T I V E

BEHAVIORAL CHANGES

N E T

40%

FIXTURE + LANDSCAPE EFFICIENCY

100% of rainwater harvested and treated for potable needs

+50% 100% blackwater reclamation

W A T E R

STORM AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT

District Water 2050 Distribution Strategies

Rainwater

Rainwater Treatment Facility

Potable Water

Water Treatment Hub

Agua Dulce Project

Stormwater

Wastewater

Grey Water

Grey Water Membrane Filtration System

Localized Irrigation

Dual Plumbing

OPEN SPACE

Open Space Taxonomy Sub-Categories

Ecological:

Plazas:

Parklets

Santa Cruz River Park

Jacome Plaza La Placita Park and Plaza Eckbo Plaza Garden of Gethsemane

Sunset Park El Tiradito Shrine Rosendo S. Perez Park Bonita Park Veinte De Agosto Park

Municipal:

Living Infrastructure:

El Presidio Park Armory Park Parque de San Cosme

Alene Dunlap Smith Garden Mission Garden

Vacant Lot

Vacant: Empty Lots

Projected Open Space Baselines 2015

Total sq :9,551,620 sq

Water Use For 2030, a 20% increase in water use has been determined for open spaces. For 2050, a 40% increase in water use has been determined for the open spaces. Total Water Usage per Year: 2015 Total: 22,356,174 gallons 2030 Total: 53,813,759 gallons 2050 Total: 88,657,444 gallons

2030

Previous Surfaces

Total sq : 12,855,22 sq

For 2030, a 12% increase in previous surfaces has been determined for green infrastructure. For 2050, a 30% increase in previous surfaces has been determined for green infrastructure. Total SQFT per Year: 2015 Total: 114,012,663 sq 2030 Total: 94,630,511 sq 2050 Total: 68,407,598 sq

2050

Total sq : 23,217,962 sq

Base Calculations

Plan Tucson Goals Ecological

Energy (kWh)

Total Previous Surfaces 600 mil. 800 mil. 700 mil. 600 mil. 500 mil. 400 mil. 300 mil. 200 mil. 100 mil.

GI5: Create, preserve, and manage biologically rich, connected open space; wildlife and plant habitat; and wildlife corridors, including natural washes and pockets of na ve vegeta on, while working to eradicate invasive species. WR4: Ensure an adequate amount of water to meet the needs of riparian ecosystems 2015

2030

2050

Municipal PR2: Priori ze repairing, maintaining, and upgrading exis ng recrea onal facili es. PR3: Ensure equitable distribu on of recrea onal resources to reach all popula ons throughout the City and make them aďŹ&#x20AC;ordable to all. PR4 Ensure a range of recrea onal opportuni es from passive to ac ve.

Total Water Demand

Plazas

Water (gallons)

90 mil. 75mil.

PS9: Pursue design for public spaces and encourage design for private spaces that incorporates principles of defensible space

60 mil. 45 mil.

PS5: Recognize and strengthen the role of social networks in public safety through increasing lawful ac vity in public spaces and through informa on sharing.

30 mil. 15 mil. 2015

2030

2050

Living Infrastructure PR9: Develop an urban mul purpose path system that provides mobility op ons, with recrea onal and health beneďŹ ts, to access parks, residen al areas, places of employment, shopping, schools, recrea onal facili es, transporta on hubs, natural resources, and watercourses for people of all abili es. AG3: Facilitate community food security by fostering an equitable, healthy local and regional food system that is environmentally and economically sustainable and accessible to all.

Parklets GI3: Create and maintain a connected urban greenway system for nonmotorized mobility and to provide human and environmental health beneďŹ ts

2050 Living Infrastructure Mitigate Urban Heat Island Effect

HABITAT RESTORATION Wildlife corridors

100

OPEN SPACE Integrated Bicycle Networks

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

DOWNTOWN ECO-DISTRICT

2015

2030

2050

S T O R M

Increase in total open space will result in greater storm water capture through permeable surfaces.

Active rainwater capture is achieved through the implementation of building modifications, cisterns, and storage tanks.

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE Curb cuts, bioswales and retention basins capture storm water runoff from roads and other impervious surfaces

R E T E N T I O N

35%

W A T E R

40%

ACTIVE WATER HARVESTING

1 0 0 %

25%

EXPANDED OPEN / GREEN SPACE

101

HISTORIC

Historic Taxonomy Sub-Categories

103

Entertainment & Cultural:

Government & Civil:

Commercial:

Cordova House Fox Theater & Building Rialto Theater & Building Sosa-Carrillo-Fremont House Southern Pacific Railroad El Tiradite | Wishing Shrine

James A. Walsh Courthouse Pima County Courthouse Stone Ave. Underpass 6th Ave. Underpass

Charles O. Brown House Manning House Valley National Bank Velasco House

Residential:

Mixed Use:

Vacant:

Schwalen | Gomez House

Arizona Hotel First Hittinger Block Hotel Congress Lewis Hotel | Julian-Drew Building

Arizona Daily Star Building Blixt | Avitia House Chicago Store El Paso & Southwestern Railroad Rebeil Block

Projected Historic Baselines 2015

Total sq : 190,845 sq

Energy Usage For 2030, a 17% energy usage reduc on goal has been determined in the projec ons, in order to account for improved building eﬃciencies by 2030. For 2050, a 30% energy usage reduc on goal has been determined in the projec ons, in order to account for improved building eﬃciencies by 2050. Total Energy Usage per Year: 2015 Total: 19,075,226 kWh 2030 Total: 22,897,587 kWh 2050 Total: 28,282,400 kWh

104

2030

Water Usage

Total sq : 256,852 sq For 2030, a 17% water usage reduc on goal has been determined in the projec ons, in order to account for improved building eﬃciencies and gray water reuse by 2030. For 2050, a 40% water usage reduc on goal has been determined in the projec ons, in order to account for improved building eﬃciencies and gray water reuse by 2050. Total Water Usage per Year: 2015 Total: 8,510,197 gallons 2030 Total: 10,455,577 gallons 2050 Total: 12,954,715 gallons

2050

Total sq : 463,904 sq

Waste Production For 2030 and 2050, waste produc on baselines have a direct correla on to building use and total square footage. Total Waste Produc on per Year: 2015 Total: 388,336 pounds 2030 Total: 471,477 pounds 2050 Total: 583,247 pounds

Base Calculations

Plan Tucson Goals Entertainment + Cultural

Total Energy Usage

Energy (kWh)

30 mil.

HP8: Integrate historic, archaeological, and cultural resources in project planning and design when development occurs in historic districts.

27 mil.

TQ4: Promote and preserve Tucson’s cultural heritage and historic resource, including archaeological, architecture, performance, art, landmarks, and events.

24 mil. 21 mil. 18 mil. 2015

2030

2050

Government + Civil HP3: Maintain, retroﬁt, rehabilitate, and adap vely reuse City-owned historic buildings. H5: Include historic proper es in the City’s programs and partnerships to develop aﬀordable housing.

Commercial

Total Water Usage

Water (gallons)

12 mil.

HP2: Provide technical assistance to commercial districts and low-income neighborhoods to obtain historic designa on.

11 mil. 10 mil.

Residential

9 mil. 8 mil. 2015

2030

2050

HP1: Implement incen ves for private property owners to maintain, retroﬁt, rehabilitate, and adap vely reuse historic buildings. H4: Improve housing condi ons in historic neighborhoods.

Mixed-use HP7: Elevate the beneﬁts of new development rela ve to historic preserva on in land use decisions.

Total Waste Produc on

Waste (pounds)

600 K

Vacant

550 K 500 K

HP4: Iden fy historic streetscapes and preserve their most signiﬁcant character-deﬁning features.

450 K 400 K

HP5: Follow na onal and local historic preserva on standards when rehabilita ng or adding facili es and landscaping in historic urban parks.

350 K 2015

2030

2050 2,3,4

105

ART + CULTURE + EDUCATION

Art + Culture + Education Taxonomy Sub-Categories

107

Museum + Galleries:

Education:

Library:

Childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Museum Etherton Gallery MOCA Sosa Carrillo Fremont House Museum Tucson Museum of Art Train Museum

Carrillo School City High School Imago Dei School Pima Community College Safford School UA Downtown

Joel D. Valdez Main Library Law Library

Film + Theater + Performance:

Cultural Centers:

Churches:

Tucson Convention Center La Pilita Cultural Center

Scottish Cathedral Redemption Tucson Prince Chapel AME Church Cathedral San Augustine 1st Mexican Baptist Church

Rialto Theater Leo Rich Theater Music Hall Fox Theater Arizona Theater Company

Projected Art + Culture + Education Baselines 2015

Total sq : 852,083 sq

Energy Usage For 2030, a 50% increase in train has been determined, a 20% decrease in vehicles, and a 2% increase in buses and 20% increase for the street car. For 2050, a 30% decrease in vehicles, and a 3% increase in buses and 30% increase for the street car. Total Energy Usage per Year: 2015 Total: 75,004,725 kWh 2030 Total: 87,975,605 kWh 2050 Total: 108,319,129kWh

108

2030

Water Usage

Total sq : 1,146,792 sq For 2030, a 20% increase in energy has been determined for the street car. For 2050, a 30% increase in energy has been determined for the street car. Total Water Usage per Year: 2015 Total: 25,102,806 gallons 2030 Total: 29,443,939 gallons 2050 Total: 36,252,570 gallons

2050

Total sq : 2,071,233 sq

Waste Production For 2030, a 50% increase in carbon has been determined for the train, a 30% decrease for vehicles, and a 3% increase for the buses. For 2050, a 50% decrease for vehicles, and a 5% increase for the buses. Total Waste Produc on per Year: 2015 Total: 1,564,788 pounds 2030 Total: 1,835,394 pounds 2050 Total: 2,259,811 pounds

2, 3, 4

Base Calculations

Plan Tucson Goals Museums + Galleries

Total Energy Usage

120 mil.

AC1 Improve the quality of life and livability of the community through the arts by suppor ng avenues for expression and crea vity that strengthen and enhance the social, civic, and cultural par cipa on of ci zens.

Energy (kWh)

110 mil. 100 mil. 90 mil. 80 mil. 70 mil.

Education 2015

2030

2050

E1: Support lifelong learning, including early childhood educa on, community educa on, literacy, and a er-school and con nuing educa on programs.

109

Libraries

Total Water Usage

Water (gallons)

36 mil.

E3: Provide well-maintained public facili es and infrastructure that serve educa onal ac vi es.

34 mil. 32 mil. 30 mil. 28 mil.

Film + Theater + Performance

26 mil. 2015

2030

2050

Cultural Centers

Total Waste Produc on 2.4 mil.

Waste (pounds)

AC5: Support the installa on and maintenance of public art throughout the community.

AC8: Increase access and par cipa on in arts and cultural ac vi es for all.

2.2 mil. 2.0 mil.

Churches

1.8 mil. 1.6 mil.

AC2: Promote heritage des na ons and annual heritage events regionally, na onally, and interna onally

1.4 mil. 2015

2030

2050

PUBLIC HEALTH #

Public Health Taxonomy Sub-Categories

111

Advisories:

Education and Outreach

Medical:

Tucson Police Department Tucson Fire Department

YWCA Pima County Housing Center Cope Community Services Sentinel Plaza La Frontera Center

Recreation:

Resources for Professionals:

Tucson Yoga Armory Downtown Recreation Center Lohse Family YMCA

Sinfonia Healthcare El Rio Community Health Center Providence Service Corporation

G L. Bonner, MA Christine Widener Lcsw CSL Plasma Perfect Teeth Krista L. Tolo, CCC Nancy M. Eldredge, PHD Handlers of Tucson Inc 1668 El Rio Community Health Center Essence+Acupuncture Kayse Budd, MD Holistic Psychiatry Codac Behavioral Health

Project Public Health Baselines 2015

Total sqft: 318,847 sqft

Energy Usage Energy use is projected to decrease 13% by 2030. This will affect the overall building efficiency and use in the future. For 2050, energy use is projected to decrease by 30% Total Energy Usage per Year: 2015 Total: 17,893,137 kWh 2030 Total: 20,137,645 kWh 2050 Total: 29,263,884 kWh

112

2030

Total sqft: 412,463 sqft

Water Usage For 2030, estimates show that there will be a 17% reduction in usage. Total water usage will be affected in 2050 by an increase in sustainable water collection and reuse methods. Estimates show that there will be a 40% reduction in usage. Total Water Usage per Year: 2015 Total: 153,765 gallons 2030 Total: 165,097 gallons 2050 Total: 215,553 gallons

2050

Total sqft: 744,954 sqft

Waste Production Production of waste is assumed to stay consistent throughout development and growth, however methods for reusing and recycling materials will increase. Total Waste Production per Year: 2015 Total: 608,828 pounds 2030 Total: 787,584 pounds 2050 Total: 1,441,404 pounds

Base Calculations

Plan Tucson Goals Advisories

Energy (kWh)

Total Energy Usage 50 mil. 45 mil. 40 mil. 35 mil. 30 mil. 25 mil. 20 mil. 10mil. 1 mil.

PS2: Maintain high quality, efficient, and cost effective fire and hazardous material response and emergency medical services. PS3: Reduce potential harm to life and property in natural hazard areas and from hazards resulting from human activities and development through preventive measures.

2015

2030

2050

Medical PH3: Coordinate with nongovernmental health and preventive service providers to make healthcare accessible to the most vulnerable and in-need populations, including finding new ways to provide access to healthcare at home.

Recreational

Total Water Usage

Water (gallons)

PH1: Pursue land use patterns; alternate mode transportation systems, including multipurpose paths; and public open space development and programming that encourage physical activity, promote healthy living, and reduce chronic illness.

5K 4K 3K 2K

Education and Outreach

1K 2015

2030

2050

PH: Support educational programs that promote healthy living. PH7: Continue to provide and support workforce wellness programs. E5: Maximize educational opportunities as a recognized foundation for personal and economic advancement and leadership.

Total Waste Production

Resources for Professionals

1.1 mil

Waste (pounds)

1 mil.

PS8: Prioritize funding of prevention and support programs that reduce the work and expense of public safety agencies.

850 K 700 K 550 K 300 K 150 K 2015

2030

2050 4, 8, 10, 16

113

HOUSING

Housing Taxonomy Sub-Categories ST. MARYâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S

6TH

ILR

GRANDE

115 RAILROAD AVE.

18TH

Single Family: Barrio Viejo Barrio Hollywood El Presidio Armory Park

21ST

PAS

STAR

Multi Family:

Housing Complex:

Barrio Viejo Barrio Hollywood El Presidio Armory Park

The Cadence One North Fifth Redondo Tower

Projected Housing Baselines 2015

Total sq : 3,167,724 sq

Energy Usage 2015 downtown Tucson has many single and mul family houses and few housing complex units. Therefore, single and mul family houses spend most of the energy. For the 2030 and 2050, city Tucson wants to keep most of the houses for historic building preserva on, and build a lot of housing complex units to provide enough house. Therefore, energy usage will increase based on many of housing complex units. However, the eﬃciency of energy is ge ng be er because of sustainable strategies. Total Energy Usage per Year: 2015 Total: 394,033,809 kWh 2030 Total: 472,062,608 kWh 2050 Total: 529,128,301 kWh

116

2030

Water Usage

Total sq : 4,263,340 sq For 2030, 2050 water usage is increasing because of new many housing complex units. However, water will be ﬁltered, and collect as the purpose of gray water. Therefore, downtown Tucson can save water from Colorado river, and recycle it. Total Water Usage per Year: 2015 Total: 255,546,972 gallons 2030 Total: 305,671,398 gallons 2050 Total: 342,329,468 gallons

2050

Total sq : 5,865,878 sq

Waste Production The amount of waste will be produced based on the number of all housing types. Therefore, downtown Tucson will have new ways to treat waste. The waste will not be in landﬁll anymore in future Tucson. Total Waste Produc on per Year: 2015 Total: 78,570,489 pounds 2030 Total: 94,129,460 pounds 2050 Total: 105,508,381 pounds

Plan Tucson Goals

Base Calculations

Single Family

Total Energy Usage

550 mil.

Energy (kWh)

520 mil.

H4: Improve housing condi ons in historic neighborhoods

490 mil.

H2: Focus public and private investment on documented housing needs and priori es considering long-term housing supply and demand.

460 mil. 430 mil. 400 mil.

2015

2030

2050

117

Multi Family

Total Water Usage

Water (gallons)

350 mil.

H7: Increase access to safe, healthy, and aďŹ&#x20AC;ordable housing choices, including mi ga ng the impacts of foreclosure.

330 mil. 310 mil.

H9 Promote safe, decent, and aďŹ&#x20AC;ordable housing and neighborhoods that support aging in place.

290 mil. 270 mil. 250 mil. 2015

2030

2050

Housing Complex

Total Waste Produc on

Waste (pounds)

105 mil.

H6: Take mul ple approaches to reduce housing costs and increase aďŹ&#x20AC;ordability.

100 mil. 95 mil.

H8 Address the housing needs of the most vulnerable popula ons in the community, including those at risk of homelessness.

90 mil. 85 mil. 80 mil. 2015

2030

2050

SMALL SCALE ECONOMICS

Small Scale Economics Taxonomy Sub-Categories

119

Food:

Retail:

Services:

Hub Restaurant and Ice Creamery Diablo Burger Hi Fi Kitchen & Cocktails Zen Rock Night Club Miss Saigon Los Olivos The Littlest Pub Downtown’s R El Charro Café Dusty Monks Pub La Cocina Borderlands Brewing Company Cafe Milano The Little One

Wig-O-Rama Treasure Chest Books Gather A Vintage Market The A-Store UA Downtown Purple Orchid Blade Boutique Gold Return Constant Con Ace Rubber Stamps & Engraving Fitworks Cycling Support SHOP by Fors Korey Starr Tattoo Second Fiddle Thrift Shop JG&M Expo 5 Points Bikes

BHS Architects Civano’s Hair Studio Carrillo’s Tucson Mortuary Frontier Asset Protection At Home Tucson Realty Old Pueblo Printers Tucson Yoga Curley’s Family Barbershop Sky Island Alliance Clyde Wanslee Auto Sales Yoga Oasis FORS Architecture + Interiors Playformance Salon Salon

Projected Small Scale Economics Baselines 2015

Total sq : 1,291,449 sq

Energy Usage For 2030, a 17% energy usage reduc on goal has been decided in the projec ons, in order to account for improved building eﬃciency by 2030. For 2050, a 30% energy usage reduc on goal has been decided in the projec ons, in order to account for improved building eﬃciency by 2050. Total Energy Usage per Year: 2015 Total: 212,758,051 kWh 2030 Total: 249,551,187 kWh 2050 Total: 307,275,532 kWh

120

2030

Water Usage

Total sq : 1,738,120 sq For 2030, a 17% water usage reduc on goal has been decided in the projec ons, in order to account for improved building eﬃciencies and grey water reuse by 2030. For 2050, a 40% water usage reduc on goal has been decided in the projec ons, in order to account for improved building eﬃciencies and grey water reuse by 2030 Total Water Usage per Year: 2015 Total: 107,872,406 gallons 2030 Total: 126,527,231 gallons 2050 Total: 155,785,453 gallons

2050

Total sq : 3,139,239 sq

Waste Production For 2030, the way we manage and deal with waste will be more eﬃcient, due to new and innovated ideas. For 2050, the way we manage and deal with waste will be even more eﬃcient, due to new technological advancements. Total Waste Produc on per Year: 2015 Total: 2,357,088 pounds 2030 Total: 2,764,709 pounds 2050 Total: 3,404,022 pounds

Base Calculations

Plan Tucson Goals

Total Energy Usage

120 mil.

Food

Energy (kWh)

110 mil. 100 mil.

TQ7: Promote Tucson as des na on for epicurean adventure capitalizing on the diversity of locally-owned restaurants, authen c Mexican food, local wineries and breweries, farmers markets, and culinary exper se and events.

90 mil. 80 mil. 70 mil.

2015

2030

2050

BC3: Promote and support local, minority-owned, independent, and small businesses involved in the sale and purchase of locally produced goods and services.

121

Retail

Total Water Usage

Water (gallons)

160 mil.

LT9: Locate housing, employment, retail, and services in proximity to each other to allow easy access between uses and reduce dependence on the car.

150 mil. 140 mil. 130 mil. 120 mil. 110 mil. 2015

2030

2050

RR3: Evaluate brown-ďŹ eld sites, closed public facili es, and underu lized land as opportuni es for redevelopment and revitaliza on, using a mul disciplinary approach to a ract new assets and strengthen exis ng surrounding assets, including neighborhoods, businesses, and historic and cultural resources.

Services Total Waste Produc on LT9: Locate housing, employment, retail, and services in proximity to each other to allow easy access between uses and reduce dependence on the car.

Waste (pounds)

3.4 mil. 3.2 mil. 3.0 mil.

BC8: Support a safe, dis nc ve, well-maintained, and a rac ve community with neighborhoods made up of residences and businesses that contribute to Tucsonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s quality of life and economic success.

2.8 mil. 2.6 mil. 2.4mil. 2015

2030

2050

L AH R IG S TEOSRCI C ALE ECONOMICS

Large Scale Economics Taxonomy Sub-Categories

123

Hotel:

Bank:

Days Inn Arizona River Park Inn AC Hotel Hotel Arizona

National Bank of Arizona Bank of America Chase Bank

Business and Office:

Government:

Tucson Electric Power Tucson Water Department

US Attorney US District of Arizona Court Supreme Court, State of AZ City Hall Arizona Superior Court

Project Large Scale Economics Baseline 2015

Total sq : 533,684 sq

Energy Usage For 2030, all buildings will be assumed to be 13% more efficient with energy usage. For 2050, all buildings will be assumed to be 30% more efficient with energy usage. The coefficients used for the buildings are as follows: Office,Bank, Gov.=15.9 Hotel=15.3 kwh/sf/yr Total Energy Usage per Year: 2015 Total: 58,251,158 kWh 2030 Total: 68,324,774 kWh 2050 Total: 84,124,229 kWh

124

2030

Water Usage

Total sq : 718,268 sq For 2030, all buildings will be assumed to be 17% more efficient with water usage. For 2050, all buildings will be assumed to be 40% more efficient with energy usage. The coefficients used for the buildings are as follows: Office,Bank, Gov.=.29 Hotel=.98 gal/sq /yr Total Water Usage per Year: 2015 Total: 41,408,703 gallons 2030 Total: 48,569,683 gallons 2050 Total: 59,800,961 gallons

2050

Total sq : 1,297,273 sq

Waste Production The waste produc on coefficient will remain constant throughout each point in me. The assump on is that a similar amount of waste is generated per square foot in 2015 and 2050. The coefficients used for the buildings are as follows: Office,Bank, Gov.=3.65 Hotel=[(Hotel GSF*0.8)/352]*730 Total Waste Produc on per Year: 2015 Total: 3,372,898 pounds 2030 Total: 3,956,188 pounds 2050 Total: 4,871,019 pounds

Base Calculations

Plan Tucson Goals

Total Energy Usage

Banking

Energy (kWh)

85 mil. 80 mil.

BC5: Foster the success of commercial areas, including downtown, and business districts through targeted investments, incen ves and other revitaliza on strategies.

75 mil. 70 mil. 65 mil. 60 mil. 2015

2030

2050

Office and Business HQ JW1: Recognize and enhance the three interrelated building blocks of a strong economy, a high quality of life and vibrant urban environment, a skilled and talented workforce HP2: Recruit, retain, and expand businesses and industries within Tucsonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s key economic sectors, including but not limited to aerospace and defense, bio-sciences, renewable energy, astronomy, and op cs to increase high-quality, high-paying job opportuni es.

Total Water Usage

Water (gallons)

65 mil. 60 mil.

Hotels

55 mil.

RG2: Capitalize on Tucsonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s strategic loca on by maintaining and enhancing Tucson as an interna onal port and center for commerce and logis cs.

50 mil. 45 mil. 40 mil. 2015

2030

2050

Government

Total Waste Produc on 4.8 mil.

Waste (pounds)

TQ1: Support and promote tourism in Southern Arizona as a major economic driver that beneďŹ ts a variety of business sectors throughout the community.

G5: Address loca on, transporta on, schedule, language, childcare, and other poten al barriers to inclusive public par cipa on.

4.5 mil. 4.2 mil.

HP2: Recognize that government plays and instrumental role in crea ng a business suppor ve climate through investment in public infrastructure and services.

3.9 mil. 3.6 mil. 3.3 mil. 2015

2030

2050

125

NON-MOTORIZED TRANSPORTATION

Non-Motorized Transportation Taxonomy

Sub-Categories

ST. MARYâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S

STONE TO

ILR

GRANDE

127 RAILROAD AVE.

18TH

Larger roads that are main thoroughfares. Usually has 21ST designated bike lane and used as a main bike route. S PAS STAR

18TH

Primary Roads:

Secondary Roads:

Tertiary Roads:

Medium-sized roads with bike signage, but not necessarily a designated bike lane. Used as secondary routes.

Small or neighborhood roads with no designated bike lane. Bikes often flow with traffic.

Projected Non-Motorized Transportation Baselines 2015

Total sq :9,784,779 sq

Impervious Road Area If an average of 12 . of width from each road is transformed into vegetated space, this will result in a 30% reduc on in impervious road area by 2050. 105,448 sq. . will need to be transformed each year in order for this to happen. Total Impervious Road Area by Year: 2015 Total sq : 9,784,779 2030 Total sq : 13,169,024 2050 Total sq : 23,784,723

128

2030

Curb-cut Stormwater Collection

Total sq : 13,169,024 sq With annual precipita on at 11.56 in,2 total 2015 surface runoďŹ&#x20AC; is 119.26 million gallons. With reduc ons in parking lots and other impervious surfaces, runoďŹ&#x20AC; will be reduced to 102.19 million gallons in 2030 and 63.32 million gallons in 2050. Stormwater Collec on per Year: 2015: NA (<10%) 2030: 30.66 million gallons (30% of total) 2050: 47.49 million gallons (75% of total)

2050

Total sq : 23,784,723 sq

Base Calculations

Plan Tucson Goals

Total Impervious Road Area

Primary Roads

30 mil.

Sq. .

25 mil.

LT14-174 Create pedestrian and bicycle networks that are con nuous and provide safe and convenient alterna ves within neighborhoods and for ge ng to school, work, parks, shopping, services, and other des na ons on a regular basis.

20 mil. 15 mil. 10 mil. 5 mil. 2015

2030

2050

Secondary Roads LT13-173 Con nue to explore and monitor opportuni es to increase the use of transit, walking, and bicycles as choices for transporta on on a regular basis. Total Stormwater Collec on

Water (gallons)

200 mil. 180 mil.

Tertiary Roads

160 mil.

LT16-176 Reduce required motor-vehicle parking areas with increased bike facili es for development providing direct access to shared use paths for pedestrians and bicycles.

140 mil. 120 mil. 100 mil. 2015

2030

2050

129

MOTORIZED TRANSPORTATION

Motorized Transportation Taxonomy Sub-Categories ST. MARYâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S

6TH

ILR

GRANDE

131 RAILROAD AVE.

18TH

Train: AMTRAK lane S PAS STAR

Street Car: Street Car Route Street Car Stops

Vehicles: Parking Garages Parking Lots

21ST

Buses: Bus Stops 10th/12th Ave. 22nd St. 6th St./Wilmot Broadway Congress/Silverbell E. Grant Road Euclid/N. 1st Ave. Flowing Wells

Glenn/Swan Grande Mission Road Oracle/Ina Pueblo Gardens S. 6th Ave. S. Park Ave.

Projected Motorized Transportation Baselines 2015

Total sq : 5,061,072 sq

Vehicle Miles Traveled For 2030, a 50% increase in train has been determined, a 20% decrease in vehicles, and a 2% increase in buses and 20% increase for the street car. For 2050, a 30% decrease in vehicles, and a 3% increase in buses and 30% increase for the street car. Total Vehicle Miles Traveled for Each Year: 2015 Total: 740,950,529 miles per year 2030 Total: 599,258,668 miles per year 2050 Total: 487,750,768 miles per year

132

2030

Total sq : 3,222,557 sq

Energy Use For 2030, a 20% increase in energy has been determined for the street car. For 2050, a 30% increase in energy has been determined for the street car. Total Energy Usage per Year: 2015 Total: 81,908,190 kWh/mi/yr 2030 Total: 98,289,828 kWh/mi/yr 2050 Total: 117,947,794 kWh/mi/yr

2050

Total sq : 740,301 sq

Carbon Emissions For 2030, a 50% increase in carbon has been determined for the train, a 30% decrease for vehicles, and a 3% increase for the buses. For 2050, a 50% decrease for vehicles, and a 5% increase for the buses. Total Carbon Emissions for Transporta on: 2015 Total: 276,403 metric tons per year 2030 Total: 222,776 metric tons per year 2050 Total: 157,393 metric tons per year

Base Calculations

Plan Tucson Goals

VMT per year

Vehicle Miles Traveled

Train

600 mil. 800 mil. 700 mil. 600 mil. 500 mil. 400 mil. 300 mil. 200 mil. 100 mil.

LT22: Par cipate in eﬀorts to develop a coordinated regional, mul -modal transporta on system that improves the eﬃciency, safety, and reliability of transpor ng people and goods within the region and to des na ons outside the region.

2015

2030

2050

Street Car LT13: Con nue to explore and monitor opportuni es to increase the use of transit, walking, and bicycles as choices for transporta on on a regular basis. Energy Usage

Energy (kwh/yr)

120 mil. 100 mil.

Buses

80 mil. 60 mil.

PH2: Improve access to healthy, aﬀordable food par cularly in underserved areas of the city.

40 mil. 20 mil. 2015

2030

2050

Ph4: Increase access to healthcare services through provision of reliable, aﬀordable transporta on op ons. LT17: Implement transporta on demand management strategies, such as ﬂexible work hours, van-pools, and other strategies.

Cars

CO2 Emissions (metric tons)

CO2 Emissions 350 K

LT16: Reduce required motor-vehicle parking areas with increased bike facili es for development providing direct access to shared use paths for pedestrians and bicycles.

300 K 250 K 200 K

Sustainable Ac on Plan County Opera ons: Reduce the ra o of carbon emissions produced by County transporta on ac vi es per service popula on (CO2e/Service Popula on) by June 30, TY 2018/2019, excluding Sheriﬀ ’s vehicles, oﬀ-road vehicles, and heavy equipment.

150 K 100 K 50 K 2015

2030

2050

133

6 2050 Prototypes

Historic 2050 Prototype Replace Electrical Wiring + Equipment Energy Efficiency

Add Insulation Energy Efficiency

Preserve Exterior Historic Preservation

Dual Plumbing Water Efficiency

Rehabilitate Interior Elements Historic Preservation

Replace Windows/Doors Energy Efficiency

136

Entertain. + Cultural Total 2050 sqft: 132,276 sqft

Energy

2015: 4,901,230 kWh 2030: 5,748,821kWh 2050: 7,078,181 kWh

Water

2015: 2,392,385 gal. 2030: 2,806,110 gal. 2050: 3,454,996 gal.

Waste

2015: 72,497 lbs 2030: 85,034 lbs 2050: 104,698 lbs

Interior Renovations Government Offices

Replace Electrical Wiring/Equipment Energy Efficiency

Preserve Exterior Historic Preservation

Dual Plumbing Water Efficiency

Replace Windows/Doors Energy Efficiency

Add Insulation Energy Efficiency

Government + Civil Total 2050 sqft: 93,430 sqft

Energy 2015: 3,758,656 kWh 2030: 4,408,657 kWh 2050: 5,428,117 kWh

Water 2015: 2,160,217 gal. 2030: 2,533,792 gal. 2050: 3,119,708 gal.

Waste 2015: 81,672 lbs 2030: 95,796 lbs 2050: 117,948 lbs 3,4,5

Historic 2050 Prototype Interior Renovations Large Scale Economics

Add Insulation Energy Efficiency

Dual Plumbing Water Efficiency

Preserve Exterior Historic Preservation

Replace Windows/Doors Energy Efficiency

Adaptive Reuse Small Scale Economics

Commercial Total 2050 sqft: 150,653 sqft

Energy

2015: 8,552,303 kWh 2030: 10,031,289 kWh 2050: 12,350,929 kWh

Water

2015: 2,385,405 gal. 2030: 2,797,924 gal. 2050: 3,444,917 gal.

Waste

Multi-Family Housing

Replace Electrical Wiring/Equipment Energy Efficiency

Preserve Exterior Historic Preservation

Rehabilitate Interior Elements Historic Preservation

Reuse/Renovate

Native Vegetation Water Efficiency

Residential Total 2050 sqft: 7,397 sqft

137

2015: 135,730 lbs 2030: 159,202 lbs 2050: 196,016 lbs

Replace Windows/Doors Energy Efficiency

Energy 2015: 275,724 kWh 2030: 323,406 kWh 2050: 398,190 kWh

Water 2015: 136,232 gal. 2030: 159,792 gal. 2050: 196,742 gal.

Waste 2015: 49,981 lbs 2030: 58,625 lbs 2050: 72,181 lbs 3,4,5

Historic 2050 Prototype Mixed-use Integration Small Business Offices

Add Insulation Energy Efficiency

Preserve Exterior Historic Preservation

Dual Plumbing Water Efficiency

Mixed-use Integration Retail/Restaurant

138

Mixed-use Total 2050 sqft: 80,148 sqft

Exterior Seating Outdoor Utilization

Energy

2015: 1,587,313 kWh 2030: 2,385,416 kWh 2050: 3,026,984 kWh

Water

2015: 1,435,958 gal. 2030: 2,157,960 gal. 2050: 2,738,352 gal.

Replace Electrical Wiring/Equipment Energy Efficiency

Dual Plumbing Water Efficiency

Replace Windows/Doors

Adaptive Reuse Small Scale Economics

Total 2050 sqft: 0 sqft vacant 96,114 sqft reused & revitalized

2015: 48,456 lbs 2030: 72,820 lbs 2050: 92,405 lbs

Add Insulation Energy Efficiency

Preserve Exterior Historic Preservation

Vacant

Waste

Energy Efficiency

Energy 2015: 0 kWh 2030: N/A 2050: N/A

Water 2015: 0 gal. 2030: N/A 2050: N/A

Waste 2015: 0 lbs 2030: N/A 2050: N/A

Art + Culture + Education 2050 Prototype Water

Solar Panels

Water Harvesting

Solar Energy Harvesting

Park

Lighting

Gathering Space

Diffused Natural Light

Thermal Mass

Accessibility

Insulated Walls

Museum + Gallery Total 2050 sqft: 224,036 sqft

Grand Entrance

Energy

2015: 7,546,913 kWh 2030: 8,852,032 kWh 2050: 10,898,980 kWh

Water

2015: 3,683,617 gal. 2030: 4,320,640 gal. 2050: 5,319,747 gal.

Waste

2015: 201,844 lbs 2030: 236,749 lbs 2050: 291,495 lbs

Park

Solar Panels

Gathering Space

Solar Energy Harvesting

Lighting

Thermal Mass

Diffused Natural Light

Insulated Walls

Park

Accessibility

Gardening

Education Total 2050 sqft: 162,155 sqft

Grand Entrance

Energy 2015: 9,139,133 kWh 2030: 10,719,601 kWh 2050: 13,198,407 kWh

Water 2015: 2,021,603 gal. 2030: 2,371,207 gal. 2050: 2,919,526 gal.

Waste 2015: 121,410 lbs 2030: 142,406 lbs 2050: 175,337 lbs

139

Art + Culture + Education 2050 Prototype Lighting

Water

Diffused Natural Light

Water Harvesting

Accessibility

Thermal Mass

Grand Entrance

Insulated Walls

Park

Gathering Space Vegetation

Walkable/Green Roof

140

Library Total 2050 sqft: 540,931 sqft

Energy

2015: 20,384,023 kWh 2030: 23,909,117 kWh 2050: 29,437,873 kWh

Water

2015: 4,104,933 gal. 2030: 4,814,816 gal. 2050: 5,928,196 gal.

Water

Gathering Space

Solar Panels

Thermal Mass

Solar Energy Harvesting

Insulated Walls

Lighting

Preservation

Diffused Natural Light

Total 2050 sqft: 69,861 sqft

2015: 347,151 lbs 2030: 407,186 lbs 2050: 501,344 lbs

Park

Water Harvesting

Film+ Perf.+ Theater

Waste

Cultural Architecture

Energy 2015: 2,353,344 kWh 2030: 2,760,317 kWh 2050: 3,398,614 kWh

Water 2015: 1,699,845 gal. 2030: 1,993,806 gal. 2050: 2,454,854 gal.

Waste 2015: 61,069 lbs 2030: 71,630 lbs 2050: 88,194 lbs

Art + Culture + Education 2050 Prototype Solar Panels

Water

Solar Energy Harvesting

Water Harvesting

Park

Preservation

Gathering Space Vegetation

Cultural Architecture

Thermal Mass

Accessibility

Insulated Walls

Cultural Centers Total 2050 sqft: 978,368 sqft

Grand Entrance

Energy

2015: 32,957,456 kWh 2030: 38,656,926 kWh 2050: 47,595,974 kWh

Water

2015: 12,865,190 gal. 2030: 15,090,021 gal. 2050: 18,579,446 gal.

Solar Panels

Water Harvesting

Lighting

Preservation

Diffused Natural Light

Local Materials

Thermal Mass

Accessibility

Insulated Walls

Total 2050 sqft: 95,882 sqft

2015: 732,532 lbs 2030: 859,212 lbs 2050: 1,057,896 lbs

Water

Flexible PV Panels

Churches

Waste

Grand Entrance

Energy 2015: 2,623,857 kWh 2030: 3,077,612 kWh 2050: 3,789,280 kWh

Water 2015: 727,618 gal. 2030: 853,448 gal. 2050: 1,050,800 gal.

Waste 2015: 100,782 lbs 2030: 118,211 lbs 2050: 145,546 lbs

141

Public Health 2050 Prototype Solar Panels

Pitched Roof

Energy Efficiency

Water Collection

Storefront

Gallery

Visual Access

Glass Garage Doors

Combination

Firetrucks & Police Cars

Easy Access to Both

142

Advisory Total 2050 sqft: 220,091 sqft

Access + Availability

Energy Usage

2015: 7,994,947 kWh 2030: 9,377,546 kWh 2050: 11,546,015 kWh

Water Usage

2015: 5,275,687 gal. 2030: 6,188,034 gal. 2050: 7,618,958 gal.

Vibrant Urban Entertainment

PV Track Material

Accessible Activities

Local Food Vendors

Sloped Track

Food and Cafe

Efficient Self Shading

Encourage Physical Activity

Conservation of Energy

Total 2050 sqft: 112,993 sqft

2015: 1,977,459 lbs 2030: 2,319,429 lbs 2050: 2,855,775 lbs

Solar Running Track

Outdoor Soccer Field

Recreation

Waste Production

Running Track

Energy

2015: 3,806,292 kWh 2030: 4,464,530 kWh 2050: 5,496,910 kWh

Water

2015: 823,436 gal. 2030: 965,836 gal. 2050: 1,189,177 gal.

Waste

2015: 118,767 lbs 2030: 139,305 lbs 2050: 171,518 lbs

Public Health 2050 Prototype

Solar Panels Energy Production Room Outdoor Access Quality of Life

Operable Windows

Efficient Cooling System

Passive Cooling Strategy

Utilize Energy Recovery

143 Performance Glazing Less Cooling Required Outdoor Courtyard Green Space

Local Material Stone at Ground Level Drop Off Accessibility Medical Necessity

Medical Total 2050 sqft: 186,415 sqft

Energy 2015: 9,640807 kWh 2030: 11,307,859 kWh 2050: 13,922,463 kWh

Water 2015: 4,468,453 gal. 2030: 5,241,202 gal. 2050: 6,453,180 gal.

Waste 2015: 1,674,88 lbs 2030: 1,964,533 lbs 2050: 2,418,813 lbs

Public Health 2050 Prototype Solar Panels

Cooling Tower

Energy Efficiency

Thermal Mass Wall

Water Heating Tube

Energy Efficiency

Water Efficiency

Canopy

Water Cistern

Outdoor Utilization

144

Education Outreach

Total 2050 sqft: 112,992 sqft

Water Efficiency

Energy

2015: 3,806,292 kWh 2030: 4,464,530 kWh 2050: 5,496,910 kWh

Water

2015: 823,436 gal. 2030: 965,836 gal. 2050: 1,189,177 gal.

Dual Plumbing

Energy Efficiency

Shaded Outdoor Area

Insulated Walls

Utilizing Outdoor Space

Energy Efficiency

Resource Offices

Water Cistern

Public Health

Total sqft: 142,561sqft

2015: 118,767 lbs 2030: 139,305 lbs 2050: 171,518 lbs Shade Canopy

Grey Water Reuse

Resource for Profesionalism

Waste

Water Efficiency

Energy

2015: 4,706,917 kWh 2030: 5,520904 kWh 2050: 6,797,561 kWh

Water

2015: 3,417,255 gallons 2030: 4,008,215 gallons 2050: 4,935,077 gallons

Waste

2015: 1,280,872 pounds 2030: 1,502,379 pounds 2050: 1,849,790 pounds

Housing 2050 Prototype Water Heating Tube

Solar Panels

Water Efficiency

Energy Efficiency

Canopy

Thermal Mass Wall

Energy Efficiency

Operable Window

Water Cistern

Energy Efficiency

Single Family Total 2050 sqft: 892,371 sqft

Water Efficiency

Energy

2015: 59,544,962 kWh 2030: 59,544,962 kWh 2050: 59,544,962 kWh

Water

2015: 49,603,957 gal. 2030: 49,603,957 gal. 2050: 49,603,957 gal.

Solar Panels

Energy Efficiency

Operable Window

Water Heating Tube

Energy Efficiency

Water Efficiency

Thermal Mass Wall

Water Cistern

Energy Efficiency

Total 2050 sqft: 1,552,474 sqft

2015: 11,873,288 lbs 2030: 11,873,288 lbs 2050: 11,873,288 lbs

Overhang Roof

Energy Efficiency

Multi Family

Waste

Water Efficiency

Energy 2015: 207,381,092 kWh 2030: 207,381,092 kWh 2050: 207,381,092 kWh

Water 2015: 124,291,068 gal. 2030: 124,291,068 gal. 2050: 124,291,068 gal.

Waste 2015: 41,351,867 lbs 2030: 41,351,867 lbs 2050: 41,351,867 lbs

145

Housing 2050 Prototype Solar Panels Energy Efficiency

Slanted Roof Water Efficiency

Thermal Mass Wall Energy Efficiency

Terrace Garden Outdoor Utilization

Double Glazing Energy Efficiency Overhang Canopy Energy Efficiency Small Scale Economics Mixed-use Integration

Housing Complex 146

Total 2050 sqft: 3,590,525 sqft

Energy

2015: 127,107,755 kWh 2030: 205,136,554 kWh 2050: 262,202,247 kWh

Water

2015: 81,651,947 gal. 2030: 131,776,373 gal. 2050: 168,434,442 gal.

Waste

2015: 25,345,334 lbs 2030: 40,904,305 lbs 2050: 52,283,226 lbs

Small Scale Economic 2050 Prototype Double Shade System

Mixed Use Integration

Energy Efficiency

Small Scale/Arts

Shaded Communal Area

Insulated Walls

Utilizing Outdoor Space

Efficient Thermal Barrier Store Front Food Small Scale Economics

Shaded Exterior Path Utilizing Outdoor Space

Food Total 2050 sqft: 1,349,872 sqft

Energy

2015: 148,160,176 kWh 2030: 173,782,133 kWh 2050: 213,967,603 kWh

Water

2015: 74,690,944 gal. 2030: 87,607,560 gal. 2050: 107,865,977 gal.

Waste

2015: 1,013,464 lbs 2030: 1,188,727 lbs 2050: 1,463,609 lbs

Small Scale Economic 2050 Prototype Insulated Walls Efficient Thermal Barrier Retail Office Space Small Scale Economics Shade Canopies

Shaded Outdoor Area

Energy Efficiency

Utilizing Outdoor Space

Store Front Retail Small Scale Economics Dual Plumbing Water Efficiency

Retail Total 2050 sqft: 753,418 sqft

Energy 2015: 26,388,222 kWh 2030: 30,951,647 kWh 2050: 38,108,922 kWh

Water 2015: 15,836,359 gal. 2030: 18,575,007 gal. 2050: 22,870,301 gal.

Mixed Use Integration

Shaded Exterior Path

Small Scale/Culture

Utilizing Outdoor Space

Dual Plumbing

Insulated Walls

Water Efficiency

Efficient Thermal Barrier

Water Harvesting

Modular Services

Grey Water Reuse

Services Total 2050 sqft: 1,035,948 sqft

Waste 2015: 678,786 lbs 2030: 796,171 lbs 2050: 980,279 lbs

Small Scale Economics

Energy

2015: 38,209,652 kWh 2030: 44,817,407 kWh 2050: 55,181,007 kWh

Water

2015: 17,345,104 gal. 2030: 20,344,665 gal. 2050: 25,049,175 gal.

Waste

2015: 664,838 lbs 2030: 779,811 lbs 2050: 960,135 lbs

147

Large Economics 2050 Prototype

Operable Windows Passive Cooling Narrow Profile More Efficient HVAC

Skylight

Thermal Mass

Lighting Strategy

Energy Efficiency

148 Solar Panels Energy Production Energy Efficient Lighting Use Solar for Power

Local Material Stone at Ground Level Underground Parking Accessibility

Bank Total 2050 sqft: 50,898 sqft

Energy 2015: 3,292,877 kWh 2030: 3,862,329 kWh 2050: 4,755,455 kWh

Water 2015: 1,652,288 gal. 2030: 1,938,025 gal. 2050: 2,386,175 gal.

Waste 2015: 45,856 lbs 2030: 53,787 lbs 2050: 66,224 lbs

Large Economics 2050 Prototype

Performance Glazing Less Cooling Required Operable Windows Passive Cooling

Energy Efficient Lighting

Passive Daylighting

Use Solar to Power

Lighting Strategy

149 Solar Panels Energy Production Small Businesses Mixed Use

Interior Courtyard Green Space Cooling Underground Parking Accessibility

Business and Office Total 2050 sqft: 221,710 sqft

Energy 2015: 7,765,313 kWh 2030: 9,108,201 kWh 2050: 11,214,386 kWh

Water 2015: 2,910,953 gal. 2030: 3,414,357 gal. 2050: 4,203,894 gal.

Waste 2015: 1,992,005 lbs 2030: 2,336,490 lbs 2050: 2,876,781 lbs

Large Economics 2050 Prototype

Solar Panels Energy Production Operable Windows Passive Cooling

Passive Daylight

Thermal Mass

Passive Lighting Strategy

Energy Efficiency

150 Performance Glazing Less Cooling Required Underground Parking Accessibility

Energy Efficient Lighting Use Solar to Power Small Businesses Mixed Use

Hotel Total 2050 sqft: 539,628 sqft

Energy 2015: 29,453,950 kWh 2030: 34,547,545 kWh 2050: 42,536,337 kWh

Water 2015: 26,650,296 gal. 2030: 31,259,043 gal. 2050: 38,487,400 gal.

Waste 2015: 911,040 lbs 2030: 1,068,590 lbs 2050: 1,315,691 lbs

Large Economics 2050 Prototype

Solar Panels Energy Production Energy Efficient Lighting Use Solar to Power

Operable Windows

Double Skin Facade

Passive Cooling Strategy

Heating/Cooling/Light

151 Performance Glazing Less Cooling Required Underground Parking Accessibility

Local Material Stone at Ground Level Small Businesses Mixed Use

Government Total 2050 sqft: 485,037 sqft

Energy 2015: 17,739,017 kWh 2030: 20,806,699 kWh 2050: 25,618,051 kWh

Water 2015: 10,195,166 gal. 2030: 11,958,258 gal. 2050: 14,723,492 gal.

Waste 2015: 423,997 lbs 2030: 497,321 lbs 2050: 612,322 lbs

Open Spaces 2050 Prototype Public Space + Seating

Sidewalks

Safe Circulation

Public Safety

Designed Recreation

Native Plant Species

Public Health

152

Habitat Restoration

Water Recharge

Networks for Wildlife

Water Harvesting

Wildlife Restoration

Ecological

Large connected tracts of wildlife corridors that extend along the Santa Cruz River.

Water

2015: 97,608,191 gal. 2030: 81,014,799 gal. 2050: 58,564,914 gal.

Community Space

Native Plant Species

Outdoor Recreation

Wildlife Restoration

Water Basin

Shade

Water Harvesting

Public Space

Sidewalks

Outdoor Recreation

Safe Circulation

Municipal

Large green spaces used for recreation on, community events, and vegetation.

Public Health

Water

2015: 6,646,203 gal. 2030: 5,516,349 gal. 2050: 3,987,722 gal.

Open Space 2050 Prototype Native Plant Species

Shade + Seating

Wildlife Restoration

Public Health

Retention Basin

Art Installation

Water Harvesting

Community Involvement

Community Space

Sidewalks

Outdoor Recreation

Plaza

Focused around built elements such as small water features and formal gathering areas.

Safe Circulation

Water

153

2015: 3,322,940 gal. 2030: 2,758,040 gal. 2050: 1,993,764 gal.

Greenhouse

Solar Panels

Energy Efficiency

Urban Agriculture

Community Gardens

Public Health

Public Space

Sidewalks

Retention Basin

Safe Circulation

Living Infrastructure Neighborhood scale sites that are oriented towards food production and sustainability.

Water Harvesting

Water

2015: 4,281,583 gal. 2030: 3,553,714 gal. 2050: 2,568,949 gal.

Open Space 2050 Prototype Art Installation

Solar Lighting

Community Space

Energy Efficiency

Native Plant Species

Seating + Shade

Wildlife Restoration

Public Health

Retention Basin

Safe Circulation

Water Harvesting

Parklet 154

Small in nature, the usefulness of these parks is to provides places of refuge along city streets.

Public Safety

Water

2015: 2,153,746 gal. 2030: 1,787,609 gal. 2050: 1,292,248 gal.

Non-Motorized Transportation 2050 Prototype Sidewalk

Stormwater Basin

Bike Lane

Traffic Lane

Curb Cuts

Native Trees

Primary Roads

Two separate traffic lanes, central vegetated island, bike lanes, vegetated buffers.

Non-Motorized Transportation 2050 Prototype Native Trees

Traffic Lane

Parking Stalls

Dual Bike Lane

Curb Cuts

Sidewalk

Secondary Roads

Two-way traffic flow, designated parking stalls, two-way bike lane, vegetated buffers.

155

Native Trees

Two-way Road

Car Parking

Bump-out + Curb Cut

Sidewalk

Tertiary Roads

Two-way roads, bikes flow with traffic, on-street parking, bumpouts with curb cuts.

Transportation 2050 Prototype Solar Panels

Return to Grid

Energy Throughout Ride

Energy not Used is Sold

Original Route

Passenger Only

Amtrak Services Intact

Economic Value

Scenery

Expansion

Open Space en Route

Increase in Transport

156

Train Existing train freight-only and a high speed rail connects to Phoenix.

VMTs

2015: 1,875,650 m 2030: 3,751,300 m 2050: 4,876,690 m

Energy Usage

2015: N/A 2030: 94,278,234 kWh 2050: 117,847,793 kWh

Expansion

Carbon Emissions 2015: 319 metric tons 2030: 382 metric tons 2050: 496 metric tons

Solar Panels

Multiple Cars Running

For Streetcar + Shelters

Art Installation

Green Infrastructure

Community Involves

Curbs + Landscape

Pedestrian Friendly

Crosswalks

Trash Cans Accessible

Street Car Allowing the street car the right of way for faster routes.

Pedestrian Safety

VMTs 2015: 5,978,700 m 2030: 7,174,440 m 2050: 9,326,772 m

Energy Usage 2015: 81,908,190 kWh 2030: 98,289,828 kWh 2050: 127,776,776 kWh

Carbon Emissions 2015: N/A 2030: N/A 2050: N/A

2, 4, 6

Transportation 2050 Prototype Solar Panels

Bus Only Lanes | BRT

For Shelters

Bus Rapid Transit

Art Installation

Barriers

Community Involved

Public Health

Curbs + Infrastructure

Green Infrastructure

Pedestrian Access

Buses Bus-only lanes allow a BRT system to expand in Downtown Tucson.

Shade + Heat Mitigation

VMTs

2015: 8,436,275 m 2030: 8,605,000 m 2050: 8,863,150 m

Energy Usage 2015: N/A 2030: N/A 2050: N/A

Infrastructure

Bicycle Parking

Park & Ride Garage

Less Driving

Hybrid + Electric

Self-parking Garage

Charging Stations

Revenue

Incentive-based

An emphasis in electric cars allows self-parking garages.

157

2015: 3,177 metric tons 2030: 3,939 metric tons 2050: 5,120 metric tons

Natural Ventilation

Road and Pedestrians

Vehicles

Carbon Emissions

Electric Car Incentive

VMTs 2015: 724,659,904 m 2030: 579,727,923 m 2050: 405,809,546 m

Energy Usage 2015: N/A 2030: N/A 2050: N/A

Carbon Emissions 2015: 272,907 metric tons 2030: 222,776 metric tons 2050: 157,393 metric tons

2, 4, 6

7 EcoDistrict Assembled

CONGRESS

160

Sub-district boundary

161

Open space

Energy/water hubs

Waterways

Greenway connections

Congress Change Over Time 2015 Land Use

2015 Land Use

Open space Energy/water hubs

162

19%

29%

10%

24%

6% N

2030 Land Use

2030 Land Use 8%

22%

25%

13%

17%

Waterways

9% N

Greenway connections

2050 Land Use

2050 Land Use 11%

26%

23%

19%

7% N

Energy 60 mil

130

55 mil

120

50 mil

110

45 mil

100

40 mil

35 mil

30 mil

70 2015

2030

Energy in kWh per sf

Total energy per sqft 2015: 129.5 kWh/sqft Total energy per sqft 2030: 111.5 kWh/sqft Total energy per sqft 2050: 87.7 kWh/sqft

Energy in kWh

Total energy 2015: 40,757,199 kWh Total energy 2030: 48,518,354 kWh Total energy 2050: 54,755,247 kWh

Congress Energy Use by Year

2050

Total water 2015: 22,403,793 gal. Total water 2030: 27,182,226 gal. Total water 2050: 31,100,030 gal. Total water per sqft 2015: 68.4 gal./sqft Total water per sqft 2030: 62.5 gal./sqft Total water per sqft 2050: 49.8 gal./sqft

Water in Gallons

Water

40 mil

35 mil

30 mil

25 mil

20 mil

15 mil

10 mil

40 2015

2030

Water in Gallons per sf

Congress Water Use by Year

2050

Total waste 2015: 1,839,743 lbs Total waste 2030: 2,543,769 lbs Total waste 2050: 3,199,443 lbs Total waste per sqft 2015: 5.8 lbs./sqft Total waste per sqft 2030: 5.8 lbs./sqft Total waste per sqft 2050: 5.1 lbs./sqft

Waste in Pounds

Waste

3.5 mil

6.50

3.0 mil

6.25

2.5 mil

6.00

2.0 mil

5.75

1.5 mil

5.50

1.0 mil

5.25

0.5 mil

5.00 2015

2030

Waste in Ponds per sf

Congress Waste ProducĆ&#x;on by Year

2050

2,3,4

163

Congress 2030 EcoDistrict to Plan Tucson Goals

164

2030 EcoDistrict

2030 Plan Tucson

Historic and culturally significant places are preserved and celebrated.

Improve housing conditions in historic neighborhoods.

Number of public art and cultural interpretive installations.

Support the installation and maintenance of public art throughout the community.

Small businesses (restaurants, cafes, retail), form a vibrant street corridor.

Promote and support local, minority-owned, independent, and small businesses.

Larger companies, such as banking and hotels, are preserved and/or expanded.

Capitalize on Tucsonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s strategic location by promoting it as an international port and center of commerce.

An increase in residential density in the district is established.

Take multiple approaches to reduce housing costs and increase affordability.

Higher percentage of population using shared vehicles and streetcar annually.

Continue to explore alternative options to automobile travel.

Higher percentage of population biking/using bike-share and walking annually.

Promote biking and walking to school, work, and other activities, as well as the associated networks.

Affordable, small clinics are within walking distance for residents.

Improve access to healthy, affordable food particularly in undeserved areas of the city.

Tree canopy cover in district is enhanced, and there is access to green alleys and pocket parks.

Ensure equitable distribution of recreational resources to reach all populations throughout the City and make them affordable to all.

50% reduction in total energy use by the district.

Facilitate community use of solar power and other renewable energy sources.

50% reduction in total water use by the district. Increases in gray water re-use and stormwater capture are starting to be implemented.

Rehabilitate and enhance natural drainage systems and retention basins for stormwater management.

Congress 2050 EcoDistrict to Plan Tucson Goals 2050 EcoDistrict

2050 Plan Tucson

Number of historic/cultural preservation projects completed and programs operated annually.

Promote heritage destinations and annual heritage events regionally, nationally, and internationally.

Participation in cultural events is high.

Connect arts with science and technology as a catalyst for innovation.

Majority of small businesses in the district are locally owned.

Continue to develop and implement local strategies, services, and incentives to enhance Tucsonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s business climate.

More larger companies have located to the district and are providing numerous employment opportunities.

Promote Tucson as an internationally recognized center for innovation and creativity in the areas of science, technology, and the arts.

A large percentage of daily essentials (shopping, civic, education, recreation) is within a 0.5 mile walk for most residents.

When evaluating the design and location for housing programs, insure that neighborhood conditions provide access to basic goods and services.

Streetcar only vehicle present on Congress.

Provide infrastructure for autonomous vehicles and expanded streetcar route.

Congress is a pedestrian and bicycle hub from 4th Avenue to Scott Avenue.

Create and maintain a connected urban green-way system for non-motorized mobility and to provide human and environmental health benefits.

Average life expectancy is up, with a reduction in the prevalence of chronic health issues.

Pursue land use patterns that encourage physical activity, promote healthy living, and reduce chronic illness.

Ecosystem health is dramatically improved, and district functions as restored habitat.

Develop an urban multipurpose path system that connects people to green spaces while making key connection nodes to schools, shopping, and transportation hubs .

District is 100% self-sufficient for energy production/ consumption.

Increase the use of low carbon and renewable energy sources, high fuel efficiency vehicles, and non-motorized transportation.

Net positive water and 100% on-site storm water retention. Reclaimed water is used for river rehabilitation.

Identify potential reclaimed water users, such as schools, golf courses, and sports facilities, that will support the expansion of the reclaimed water system.

165

Congress Section Perspective

Pedestrian Walkway

Integrated with green infrastructure elements.

166

Two-way Bike Lane

Bicycle traffic is concentrated in one area of the road.

Dual Plumbing

Reclaimed water supplied to buildings through a dual piping system.

Autonomous Car Station Charging + drop off for electric and autonomous vehicles.

Curb Cut with Bioswale Collects stormwater from impervious surfaces.

Historic Retrofitting

Buildings updated to maximize energy + water efficiency

167

Urban Agriculture

Producing food locally for residents and businesses.

Green Alleys

Providing green spaces to increase public health + safety

Energy Hot Water Cold Water Gray Water Rain Water Sewage

Congress Streetscape

168

Self-Sustaining Graywater is harvested and re-used on site to irrigate vegetation. Stormwater runoff is also collected in retention basins, which supports vegetation and promotes groundwater recharge. Energy is produced at a district energy hub.

Density and Walkability This corridor is bicycle, pedestrian, and streetcar only. This is a human-centered design that promotes the use of alternative modes of transportation. Dense mixed-use development along Congress ensures that residential space is located in close proximity to services, shopping, and food.

Connection to Place Local businesses and historic landmarks are celebrated along Congress. Visitors will be able to easily access the downtown area via the streetcar to take part in the vibrant cultural and economic environment. Additionally, connection to the unique physical environment of Tucson is established through the use of vegetation native to the Sonoran Desert.

169

Congress Congress Street

& 6th Avenue

Community Cohesion Equity and diversity will be supported through mixed-use and mixed-income development offering an inclusive range of housing options. Economic development downtown fits the spirit of Tucson and meets the goals of the surrounding community.

Health and Prosperity 170

A healthy lifestyle is promoted though easy access to both walking and biking. Economic health is fostered by a diverse range of both small and large businesses, with the streetcar serving as a catalyst for transporting people downtown.

Adaptability Green infrastructure promotes the resiliency of native vegetation through passive water harvesting. Implementation of the â&#x20AC;&#x153;smart cityâ&#x20AC;? platform tracks user data for streetcar frequency, resource allocation, and economic progress.

171

TUCSON CONVENTION CENTER

172

Sub-district boundary

173

Open space

Energy/water hubs

Waterways

Greenway connections

Tucson Convention Center Change Over Time 2015 Land Use

16%

2015 Land Use

38%

Open space

2030 Land Use Energy/water hubs

174

12%

2030 Land Use

52%

22%

Waterways

2050 Land Use

16%

Greenway connections N

2050 Land Use

55%

15%

Total energy 2015: 62,980,079 kWh Total energy 2030: 80,509,626 kWh Total energy 2050: 95,116,150 kWh Total energy per sqft 2015: 103.4 kWh/sqft Total energy per sqft 2030: 85.5 kWh/sqft Total energy per sqft 2050: 62.1 kWh/sqft

Energy in kWh

Energy

95 mil

110

90 mil

100

85 mil

80 mil

75 mil

70 mil

65 mil

50 2015

2030

Energy in kWh per sf

TCC Energy Use by Year

2050

TCC Water Use by Year

Total water per sqft 2015: 44.6 gal./sqft Total water per sqft 2030: 41.0 gal./sqft Total water per sqft 2050: 29.7 gal./sqft

50 mil

45 mil

40 mil

35 mil

30 mil

25 mil

20 mil

25 2015

2030

Water in Gallons per sf

Total water 2015: 27,173,499 gal. Total water 2030: 38,614,189 gal. Total water 2050: 45,543,556 gal.

Water in Gallons

Water

2050

Total waste 2015: 1,762,654 lbs Total waste 2030: 2,947,276 lbs Total waste 2050: 3,490,199 lbs Total waste per sqft 2015: 2.9 lbs./sqft Total waste per sqft 2030: 3.1 lbs./sqft Total waste per sqft 2050: 2.3 lbs./sqft

Waste in Pounds

Waste

3.5 mil

3.25

3.0 mil

3.00

2.5 mil

2.75

2.0 mil

2.50

1.5 mil

2.25

1.0 mil

2.00

0.5 mil

1.75 2015

2030

2050

Waste in Ponds per sf

TCC Waste ProducĆ&#x;on by Year

175

TCC 2030 EcoDistrict to Plan Tucson Goals

176

2030 EcoDistrict

2030 Plan Tucson

Historic and culturally significant places are preserved and celebrated.

Benefits of new development relative to historic preservation are evaluated.

Number of public art and cultural interpretive installations are increased.

Public facilities and infrastructure that serve educational activities are provided.

Small businesses (restaurants, cafes, retail), form a vibrant street corridor.

A well-educated, well-trained workforce with skills matched to local job opportunities are supported through collaboration with educational institutions.

Economic development is encouraged.

Capitalize on Tucsonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s strategic location by promoting it as an international port and center of commerce.

District travel, internally and externally, is multi-modal.

Motor-vehicle parking areas are reduced while shared use paths for pedestrians and bicycles are increased.

Higher percentage of population biking/using bike-share and walking annually.

Pedestrian and bicycle networks that are continuous within neighborhoods are created.

The urban heat island effect is mitigated.

Public open space development and programming that promote healthy living, and reduce chronic illness are pursued.

Access to nature is improved.

An urban multipurpose path system is developed that provides access to parks, places of employment, shopping, transportation hubs, and watercourses is developed.

50% reduction in total energy use by the district.

The use of solar power and other renewable energy sources by the Tucson is increased.

50% reduction in total water use by the district.

Alternative sources of water for potable and non-potable uses is expanded.

TCC 2050 EcoDistrict to Plan Tucson Goals 2050 EcoDistrict

2050 Plan Tucson

Historic and culturally significant places are preserved and celebrated.

Promote heritage destinations and annual heritage events regionally, nationally, and internationally.

Participation in cultural events is high.

Buildings and open spaces for arts-related activities and public programming is increased.

Job quality in the district is enhanced.

Opportunities are expanded to fulfill local needs with locally produced goods and services to help Tucson advance a sustainable economy.

More large companies have located to the district and are providing numerous employment opportunities.

Promote Tucson as an internationally recognized center for innovation and creativity in the arts.

The street network supports all travel modes.

Land use, transportation, and urban design are integrated to support more effective use of mobility options.

Green complete streets with high bicycle and pedestrian connectivity are developed.

Urban design integrates alternative transportation choices, provides multi-modal connections, and includes ample usable public space and green infrastructure.

Air quality is protected from pollutant emissions.

Multipurpose paths and public open spaces encourage physical activity and promote healthy living.

Ecosystem health is dramatically improved, and district functions as restored habitat.

Community food security is facilitated by fostering an equitable local food system.

District is 100% self-sufficient for energy production/ consumption.

Community use of solar power and other renewable energy sources is facilitated.

District is 100% self-sufficient for water treatment/ consumption.

Land use and water resources planning are integrated.

177

Tucson Convention Center Arts District

178

Thermal Energy Storage Ice storage tanks used to hold energy and use during peak times.

District Chilled Water Cooling tower chills water. The chiller takes the cooled water and chills it to be sent out for district use.

Sub-District Water Treatment Water is in treated in Waterhubs at the neighborhoodlevel in two ways: rainwater is cleaned to supply potable water, while storm and wastewater are treated supply reclaimed water.

Mesoriparian Rain Garden Water only flows during storm events.

179

Photo-voltaic Solar panels installed on all building except historic to produce renewable energy within the district.

Advocate Arts and Culture The new Arts District brings together art, culture and heritage through the various theaters, museums, multipurpose areas, nightlife, and hotels in the area.

Prosperous Economic Growth New commercial pavilions promote the economic growth of this district. Strategically placed between the hotels and the entertainment.

Pedestrian Walkway Integrated with green infrastructure elements

Energy Hot Water Cold Water Gray Water Rain Water Sewage

Tucson Convention Center Art District Commerce

180

Density and Walkability The complete green streets and open-space networks throughout the arts district offer comfortable, human-scale access to pedestrians, bicyclists, and public transit users from the Barrio Viejo neighborhood, the TCC Subdistrict hotels, and the greater Downtown Tucson area.

Health and Prosperity The TCC Arts District – the heart of Tucson’s rich culture – brings tourism and fosters a diversity of business sizes, from large museums and hotels, to smaller galleries and maker spaces.

Adaptability This Subdistrict makes the Downtown Tucson more resilient by cultivating the events and programming that allow for the influx and dissemination of new ideas. With a revitalized convention center, affordable spaces for artists and entrepreneurs, and enhanced infrastructure for hosting visitors, the Arts District is ready for an ever-improving Tucson.

181

Tucson Convention Center Art District Aerial Self-Sustaining Neighborhood-level energy and water hubs are the key to achieving net zero energy and water for Downtown Tucson. The central energy plant at the TCC stores and redistributes solar and bio energy, while the water treatment plant treats rainwater for redistribution as potable water, and storm and sewer water for redistribution as reclaimed water.

Connection to Place 182

The historic Eckbo landscapes have been revitalized through native and arid vegetation, enhanced programming, urban habitat creation, art installations, and connectivity to historic paths and the broader Arts District. The rich ecology of the Sonoran Desert is brought into the city and integrated with the built environment, creating spaces that are uniquely Tucson.

Community Cohesion With a variety of multi-use spaces like the playground, pollinator garden, amphitheater, marketplace, and plaza, culture and the arts open to everyone. Public art and the democracy of open space in the center of Downtown Tucson enrich equity and respect for all cultures and art forms.

183

MERCADO

184

Sub-district boundary

185

Open space

Energy/water hubs

Waterways

Greenway connections

Mercado Change Over Time

2015 Land Use 24%

35%

14%

21%

Open space Energy/water hubs

186

2030 Land Use 25%

28%

3% Waterways

Greenway connections

2050 Land Use 1%

20%

67%

Total energy 2015: 107,746,273 kWh Total energy 2030: 115,748,965 kWh Total energy 2050: 182,146,369 kWh Total energy per sqft 2015: 141.4 kWh/sqft Total energy per sqft 2030: 130.7 kWh/sqft Total energy per sqft 2050: 61.8 kWh/sqft

Energy in kWh

Energy

190mil

160

175mil

140

160mil

120

145mil

100

130mil

115mil

100mil

40 2015

2030

Energy in kWh per sf

Mercado Energy Use by Year

2050

Total water 2015: 58,518,527 gal. Total water 2030: 64,2920,909 gal. Total water 2050: 104,961,655 gal. Total water per sqft 2015: 76.8 gal./sqft Total water per sqft 2030: 72.6 gal./sqft Total water per sqft 2050: 35.6 gal./sqft

Water in Gallons

Water

110 mil

100 mil

90 mil

80 mil

70 mil

60 mil

50 mil

25 2015

2030

Water in Gallons per sf

Mercado Water Use by Year

2050

Total waste 2015: 12,404,414 lbs Total waste 2030: 14,547,704 lbs Total waste 2050: 27,358,104 lbs Total waste per sqft 2015: 16.3 lbs./sqft Total waste per sqft 2030: 16.4 lbs./sqft Total waste per sqft 2050: 9.3 lbs./sqft

Waste in Pounds

Waste

32 mil

28 mil

24 mil

20 mil

16 mil

12 mil

8 mil

6 2015

2030

2050

Waste in Ponds per sf

Mercado Waste ProducĆ&#x;on by Year

187

Mercado 2030 EcoDistrict to Plan Tucson Goals

188

2030 EcoDistrict

2030 Plan Tucson

Historic and culturally significant places are preserved and celebrated.

Improve housing conditions in historic neighborhoods.

Increase number of public art and cultural interpretive installations..

Support the installation and maintenance of public art throughout the community.

Small business (restaurants, cafes, retail) development in Mercado is encourages and forms a vibrant street corridor.

Promote and support local, minority-owned, independent, and small businesses to help Tucson capture a greater market share and advance a sustainable economy.

Larger companies provide job growth in district.

A sustainable and diversified economy that maximizes location and balances traditional import and export of resources with locally supplied services to meet demand.

An increase in residential density in the district is established.

Encourage residential development including both market rate and affordable housing projects in Mercado

Higher percentage of population using shared vehicles and streetcar annually.

Recognize the importance of well-maintained and attractive roadways in establishing an initial impression for visitors and generating pride among residents.

Higher percentage of population biking/using bike-share and walking annually.

Promote biking and walking to school, work, and other activities, as well as the associated networks.

Affordable, small clinics within walking distance for residents. Toxic environment remediation and regenerated.

Improve access to healthy, affordable food and health care options.

Tree canopy cover in district is enhanced and local food production is encouraged.

Prioritize repairing, maintaining, and upgrading existing recreational facilities.

50% reduction in total energy use by the district.

Facilitate community use of solar power and other renewable energy sources.

20% reduction in total water use by the district.

Rehabilitate and enhance natural drainage systems and retention basins located along the Santa Cruz River and retention basins to stormwater management.

Mercado 2050 EcoDistrict to Plan Tucson Goals 2050 EcoDistrict

2050 Plan Tucson

Historic and significant places are preserved and celebrated.

Promote heritage destinations and annual heritage events regionally, nationally, and internationally.

Participation in cultural events is high.

Connect arts with science and technology as a catalyst for innovation.

Majority of small businesses in the district are locally owned.

Continue to develop and implement local strategies, services, and incentives to enhance local business.

More larger companies have located to the district and are providing numerous employment opportunities.

Increase and promote environmentally sensitive businesses, industries, and technologies, to the special needs of Tucson as a desert community.

A large percentage of daily essentials (shopping, civic, education, recreation) is within a 0.5 mile walk for most residents.

Focus public and private investment on documented housing needs and priorities considering long-term housing supply and demand

Streetcar use is encouraged. Design of Mercado integrates shared mobility options.

Provide infrastructure for autonomous vehicles and expanded streetcar route.

Street network accommodates diverse ages and abilities.

Create and maintain a connected urban green-way system for multi-modal travel to provide human and environmental health benefits.

Average life expectancy is up, with a reduction in the prevalence of chronic health issues.

Pursue land use patterns that encourage physical activity, promote healthy living, and reduce chronic illness.

Ecosystem health is dramatically improved, and district functions as restored habitat.

Develop urban multipurpose path system that provides mobility options, with recreational and health benefits, for people of all abilities.

District is 100% self-sufficient for energy production/ consumption.

Increase the use of low carbon and renewable energy sources, high fuel efficiency vehicles, and non-motorized transportation.

Most of gray water is treated and reused on site. 40% reduction of total water use in district.

A secure, high quality, reliable, long-term supply of water for humans and the natural environment.

189

Mercado Connected Community

Single Family

190

Multi Family Small Economy

Solar Thermal Installing solar thermal tubes on single family residential for hot water production.

Community Clinic Health initiatives will focus on implementing services at a neighborhood scale. Scans and procedures will be less time consuming and energy efficient.

Mix Use Incorporating economics and well-being into mix use buildings in order to achieve a self-sustaining sub-district.

Smart Waste Treatment Using a pneumatic waste removal system, will reduce the amount of garbage on the streets and will automatically sort waste by type for reduction and re-use.

Energy Hot Water Cold Water Gray Water Rain Water Sewage

191

Autonomous Park & Ride As a starting point for the street car, the Mercado parking garage would allow users to take any form of transportation to the heart of Tucson.

Edible Landscaping Using plants that produce food for urban landscaping doubles as a celebration of Tucsonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s gastronomically rich history in the bountiful Sonoran Desert.

Grey Water Reuse Membrane filtration cleans water from laundry machines, hand sinks, and bath and shower water, which is then pumped for localized irrigation.

Riparian Rehabilitation Ecological efforts will be implemented surrounding the Santa Cruz River walk to aid in water diversion, livability, and ecosystem re-development.

Mercado Market

192

Density and Walk-ability Urban design for the district focuses on providing connections and increasing usability of the Mercado District. The addition of residential areas and businesses will help to activate the site and bring users in. Public health and safety is addressed using innovative street layouts that promote walk-ability.

Self-Sustaining The district will be able to meet all energy and water demands by renewable means. Food production will be re-localized and present throughout the districtâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s streetscapes. Main goals include Net Zero Energy, Net Zero Water, maximized local food production, and habitat restoration.

Health and Prosperity A healthy community depends on a healthy economy. Local entrepreneurship and cultural assets will be leveraged. District growth will focus on developing a diverse economy, creating entrepreneurship opportunities, and providing neighborhoodscale health care.

193

Mercado Santa Cruz Restored River Walk Adaptability Development will occur with an understanding that the urban realm is ever evolving. Innovation and new technology will be embraced for enhanced efficiency and greater quality of life. Specific district goals will focus on developing local resources, reducing waste and water, and addressing climate change needs through efficient design.

Connection to Place 194

The Mercado district holds a strong history concerning the development of Tucson. Through revitalizing the river walk area along the Santa Cruz, users will be reconnect to the original landscape that once inhabited the area. In addition to creating a sense of place, the Santa Cruz River Walk will provide habitat restoration for wildlife.

Community Cohesion Equity and diversity will be supported through mixed-use and mixed-income development offering an inclusive range of housing options and development of river walk. Specific goals to develop community cohesion will focus on community outreach and programming that promote health and wellbeing.

195

8 Citations

Citations 13.

Making Sustainability a Way of Life for Rotterdam

14. 15. 16. 17.

Masdar

18.

MOS â&#x20AC;&#x201C; OneNYC

19.

New York, New York (NY) profile

20.

NYCityMap

https://www.google.com/search?q=albuquerque&espv=2&biw=1920&bih=965&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj_mYnx9MDSAhWDQCYKHVzjC2sQ_AUICCgD#tbm=i-ch&q=albuquerque+downtown&*&imgrc=X55yfVYXzZ-3aM:

21.

People-centric planning on a budget

Austin, Texas (TX) Profile

22.

Public Transportation

Building a Sustainable City

23.

Role Model for a Sustainable Future

24.

Seaholm EcoDistrict

25. 26.

Seattle

Chapter 1 | Who We Are 1.

CAPLA Studio Photo

GLHN Photos

Underwood Garden Photo

http://www.archdaily.com/103771/cala-jones-studio

http://glhn.com/portfolio/

https://landscapeperformance.org/case-study-briefs/underwood-sonoran-landscape-laboratory

Chapter 3| Precedents 1.

Albuquerque Aerial

http://www.city-data.com/city/Austin-Texas.html.

http://www.cleanenergyministerial.org/Portals/2/pdfs/GSCNMtg/GSCNMtg-Jan2014-MasdarCity-BuildingSustainableCity.pdf

http://www.rotterdamclimateinitiative.nl/documents/2015-en-ouder/Documenten/Rotterdam%20Programme%20on%20Sustainaibilty%20and%20Climate%20Change%202015-2018.pdf.

http://masdar.ae/en/masdar-city/detail/what-is-a-special-economic-zone-and-what-are-thebenefits-from-setting-up-h http://content.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,2043934,00.html http://www.cbtarchitects.com/urban-design/master-plans/private-sector/ http://www.fosterandpartners.com/projects/masdar-development/

http://www1.nyc.gov/site/sustainability/onenyc/onenyc.page.

http://www.city-data.com/city/New-York-New-York.html.

http://maps.nyc.gov/doitt/nycitymap/.

https://depts.washington.edu/open2100/Resources/1_OpenSpaceSystems/Open_Space_ Systems/Curitiba%20Case%20Study.pdf

http://curitibacityplanning.weebly.com/public-transportation.html

http://www.museumofthecity.org/project/masdar-city-role-model-for-a-sustainable-future/

Building a Sustainable City

City of Portland

Climate Action Plan

Downtown Austin Guide

27.

Self-Evaluation Report

Facts and Figures 2012

28.

South Congress Shopping District

29.

Sustainability Performance Tracking

Greenhouse gas emissions

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/feb/16/masdars-zero-carbon-dream-couldbecome-worlds-first-green-ghost-town

30.

Sustainable City Rises

10.

Los Angeles, California (CA) profile

31.

Sustainable ABQ

11.

Los Angeles city timelapse

32.

Sustainable DC Statement

12.

Los Angeles Sustainability Plan

33.

The National

https://cleantechnica.com/2016/11/24/masdar-citys-phase-2-master-plan-moves-forward/

https://www.portlandoregon.gov.

http://www.cabq.gov/cap.

https://www.austinresidence.com/ut-austin-neighborhoods/downtown-austin.

http://www.rotterdam.nl/Stadsontwikkeling/Document/Economic%20en%20Arbeidsmarkt/ FactsandFigures%20Rotterdam%20Engels%202012.pdf.

http://www.city-data.com/city/Los-Angeles-California.html#b.

http://www.shutterstock.com/video/clip3676166-stock-footage-los-angeles-city-timelapsetransition-from-dusk-to-night-view-from-hollywood-hills-onfreeway.html.

http://www.bing.com/cr?

https://austintexas.gov/page/seaholm-district.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seattle http://www.seattle.gov/dpd/cityplanning/completeprojectslist/comprehensiveplan/documents/ default.htm

http://www.oecd.org/netherlands/44148367.pdf.

http://www.austincityguide.com/listings/south-congress-avenue-shopping.

http://austintexas.gov/page/organizational-sustainability.

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/26/arts/design/26masdar.html?_r=0&pagewanted=all

http://www.sustainableabq.com/index.html.

https://sustainable.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/sustainable/page_content/attachments/ DCS-008%20Report%20508.3j.pdf.

http://www.thenational.ae/news/uae-news/environment/masdar-city-8 8 - completion-pushedback-but-total-cost-falls

Citations 34.

The Portland Plan

35.

The 2030 Challenge for Planning

36.

Tourism in Curitiba

37.

Washington, DC Fact Sheet

http://www.portlandonline.com/portlandplan/?c=56527. https://www.portlandoregon.gov/bps/2035-comp-plan.pdf.

http://architecture2030.org/2030_challenges/2030_challenge_planning/.

History of Arizona

12.

History & Culture

13.

Old Downtown Tucson Photo

14.

Pima County Medical Society

15.

Ronstadt Center Picture

16.

Sunshine Climate Club

17.

Timeline of Tucson, Arizona

18.

Tucson City Solar Installations

19.

Tucson Convention Center

20.

Tucson Fire Dept.’s history can be found on new site

http://zionturismo.com/curitiba/

https://washington.org/DC-information/washington-dc-fact-sheet.

Chapter 4 | Mapping the Past 1.

11.

2014 Integrated Resource Plan - Tucson Electric Power

https://www.bing.com/cr?IG=21228A9DD 4CD4772A90E98F6446D0536&CID=00DD3B13E5DF61B80FB3310DE4EE6058&rd=1& h=h-kas7gwip0loZ5q6WkheVzTJckcK3p5KRP6M-In5Ds&v=1&r=https%3a%2f%2fwww. tep.com%2fdoc%2fplanning%2f2014-IRP-Introduction-and-Overview(Sheehan). pdf&p=DevEx,5061.1. (Energy)

Agua Historia De Tucson (Draft)

Arizona Transportation History

Domenic Capco

https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/index.php?page=view&type=99&nr=57&menu=1449 (Transportation)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Arizona. (Small Economy)

http://www.tonationnsn.gov/history_culture.aspx. (art culture)

http://tucson.com/news/local/retrotucson/photos-downtown-tucson-before-redevelopment/ collection_6c591972-8238-5a82-9294-41657fae7cfd.html#2 (Transportation)

http://pimamedicalsociety.org/about-pcms/ (Public Health)

https://www.downtowntucson.org/2014/04/arizonagives-day-provides-chance-givedowntowns-best/. (Transportation)

http://www.arizonahistoricalsociety.org/wp-content/upLoads/library_Sunshine-Climate-Club. pdf (Public Health)

http://www.pjjune.net/history/tucson/.(history)

https://www.tucsonaz.gov/gs/tucson-city-solar-installations “Tucson City Solar Installations.” Official website of the City of Tucson. August 18, 2016. Accessed January 28, 2017. https:// www.tucsonaz.gov/gs/tucson-city-solar-installations (Energy)

http://tucsonconventioncenter.com/. (art culture)

Arizona’s Transportation History

City of Tucson Map Resources

21.

Tucson Health Seekers

Contribute to Downtown’s Best On Arizona Gives Day, April 9th

22.

Tucson Historic Neighborhood

23.

Tucson Historic House Photos 1

24.

Tucson Historic House Photos 2

25.

Tucson Historic House Photos 3

26.

Tucson Museum of Art | Diversified Design & Construction, Inc.

http://tucsonconventioncenter.com/. (Transportation)

https://www.tucsonaz.gov/gis/map-resources

https://www.downtowntucson.org/2014/04/arizonagives-day-provides-chance-givedowntowns-best/. (art culture)

Downtown Historic Streets

Emerging Desert Landscape in Tucson

https://www.tucsonaz.gov/preservation/downtown-historic-streets. (art culture)

http://www.colorado.edu/geography/class_homepages/geog_4501_s08/ McPherson1989.pdf (Open Space)

Fuel For Growth: Water and Arizona’s Urban Environment Douglas E. Kupel

10.

Greyhound

http://www.tucsonnewsnow.com/story/30111834/greyhound-finally-on-the-move

http://tucson.com/news/local/foothills/tucson-fire-dept-s-history-can-be-found-on-new/article_1088651f-1495-5561-944c-20ffd248ab16.html (Public Health)

https://preservetucson.org/sites/default/files/project-doc/TucsonHealthSeekersMPDFtext_ AZ_PimaCounty.pdf (Public Health)

http://www.downtowntucson.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/THS_map_FP.pdf (housing)

http://betweennapsontheporch.net/tour-a-beautiful-historic-victorian-home-in-newnangeorgia/ (housing)

https://www.thoughtco.com/house-style-guide-american-home-4065233 (housing)

http://realtucson.com/nicks-tucson-blog/ (housing)

http://ddcaz.com/tucson-museum-of-art/. (art culture)

Citations 27.

Tucson Natural History

16.

U.S. Energy Use Intensity by Property Type

28.

Tucson Travel Guide Information in Tucson AZ

17.

Vehicle Miles of Travel

http://www.geo.arizona.edu/Tucson/

http:// test.myownarizona.com/06a1a_tucson_travel_assistance. html. (art culture)

Chapter 5 | Calculations 1.

2014 Integrated Resource Plan

Assessment of Climate Change in the Southwest United States

https://www.tep.com/doc/planning/2014-IRP-Introduction-and-Overview(Sheehan).pdf

http://www.swcarr.arizona.edu/sites/all/themes/files/SW-NCA-color-FINALweb.pdf

Energy from Biomass Burning

Estimated Solid Waste Generation Rates

Green House Gas Emmisions from Typical Passenger Vehicle

http://zebu.uoregon.edu/1998/ph162/l17.html

https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/WasteCharacterization/General/Rates

https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-02/documents/420f14040a.pdf

Grey Water Rebate

How We Use Water

Method For Estimating Commercial, Industrial and Institutional Water Use

https://www.tucsonaz.gov/files/water/docs/Gray_Water_Rebate_brochure_Feb_2014.pdf

https://portfoliomanager.energystar.gov/pdf/reference/US%20National%20Median%20Table. pdf

https://www.tceq.texas.gov/assets/public/implementation/air/sip/sipdocs/2004-06AUS/04086sipapn_pro.pdf

Chapter 6 | 2050 Prototypes 1.

Estimated Solid Waste Generation Rates

Green House Gas Emmisions from Typical Passenger Vehicle

https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/WasteCharacterization/General/Rates

https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-02/documents/420f14040a.pdf

Methods for Estimating Water Use

Rail Energy & Green House Gases

US Energy Use Intensity by Property Type

Vehicle Miles of Travel

http://www.conservefloridawater.org/publications/10327351.pdf

http://americandreamcoalition.org/pollution/RailEnergy&GHGs.pdf

Energy Star Technical Reference

https://www.tceq.texas.gov/assets/public/implementation/air/sip/sipdocs/2004-06AUS/04086sipapn_pro.pdf

https://www.epa.gov/watersense/how-we-use-water

https://portfoliomanager.energystar.gov/pdf/reference/US%20National%20Median%20Table.pdf

Chapter 7 | EcoDistrict Assembled 1.

Estimated Solid Waste Generation Rates

Methods for Estimating Water Use

National Climate Assessment

10.

Plan Tucson

11.

Projecting Electricity Demand in 2050

Plan Tucson

12.

Rail Energy & Green House Gases

US Energy Use Intensity by Property Type

13.

Solar Panel Output

14.

Tucson Annual Precipitation

15.

Tucson City Solar Installations

http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/our-changing-climate/heavy-downpours-increasing

https://www.tucsonaz.gov/pdsd/plan-tucson

http://www.pnnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-23491.pdf

http://americandreamcoalition.org/pollution/RailEnergy&GHGs.pdf

https://understandsolar.com/calculating-kilowatt-hours-solar-panels-produce/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona

https://www.tucsonaz.gov/gs/tucson-city-solar-installations

https://www2.calrecycle.ca.gov/WasteCharacterization/General/Rates

http://www.conservefloridawater.org/publications/10327351.pdf

https://www.tucsonaz.gov/pdsd/plan-tucson

Energy Star Technical Reference

Architecture 451a Spring 2017 Semester Professor: Courtney Crosson

Book + Graphics Editors Mikayla Krager Delia Martinez

Book Cover Artwork Brady Stanton

Graphics Jennifer Braun Samantha Hauserman Mikayla Krager Delia Martinez

Model Jose Ignacio Comparini La Roche Scott Hunter Brady Stanton Kiuk Seong

Data Molly Adamowicz Elliott Bartells Michael Cimino Scott Hunter

9 Calculation Appendix

Calculation Appendix Mathmatic Proofs 2030 and 2050 calculations:

2030 and 2050 total water calculation: % ୡ୦ୟ୬୥ୣ # ௢௙ ௬௘௔௥௦ ) ) ଵ

2015 sub-category total Sqft * (1 + (

= 2030 sub-category total Sqft

2030 sub-category total Sqft - 2015 sub-category Sqft = 2030 new sub-category Sqft 2030 new sub-category Sqft + all other relevant 2030 new sub-category Sqft = 2030 new category total Sqft

2015 sub-category Sqft * (found eui * regional multiplier) = 2015 sub-category energy 2015 sub-category energy + all other relevant 2015 sub-category energy = 2015 category total energy 2015 category total energy + all other relevant 2015 category total energy = 2015 total energy

Historic include historic multiplier = Regional multiplier =

2030 new sub-category water + 2015 sub-category water = 2030 sub-category total water 2030 sub-category total water + all other relevant 2030 sub-category total water = 2030 category total water 2030 category total water + all other relevant 2030 category total water = 2030 total water

2015 total energy calculation:

2030 new sub-category Sqft * (2015 wui *discount rate) = 2030 new sub-category water

ୟ୴ୣ୰ୟ୥ୣ ୦୧ୱ୲୭୰୧ୡ ୣ୳୧ ୲ୟ୰୥ୣ୲ ୦୧ୱ୲୭୰୧ୡ ୣ୳୧

ୟ୴ୣ୰ୟ୥ୣ ୰ୣ୥୧୭୬ୟ୪ ୣ୳୧ ୲ୟ୰୥ୣ୲ ୰ୣ୥୧୭୬ୟ୪ ୣ୳୧

% change = 2% for 2030, 3% for 2050 # of years = 15 for 2030, 20 for 2050 Discount rate = 50% for 2030, 75% for 2050 When solving for 2050 change 2015 values to 2030 values and 2030 values to 2050 values

2015 total waste calculation: 2015 sub-category Sqft * (found wpi * regional multiplier * other applicable values) = 2015 sub-category waste

2030 and 2050 total energy calculation:

2015 sub-category waste + all other relevant 2015 sub-category waste = 2015 category total waste

2030 new sub-category Sqft * (2015 eui *discount rate) = 2030 new sub-category energy

2015 category total waste + all other relevant 2015 category total waste = 2015 total waste

2030 new sub-category energy + 2015 sub-category energy = 2030 sub-category total energy 2030 sub-category total energy + all other relevant 2030 sub-category total energy = 2030 category total energy

For historic include historic multiplier =

ୟ୴ୣ୰ୟ୥ୣ ୦୧ୱ୲୭୰୧ୡ ୣ୳୧ ୲ୟ୰୥ୣ୲ ୦୧ୱ୲୭୰୧ୡ ୣ୳୧

ୟ୴ୣ୰ୟ୥ୣ ୰ୣ୥୧୭୬ୟ୪ ୣ୳୧ ୲ୟ୰୥ୣ୲ ୰ୣ୥୧୭୬ୟ୪ ୣ୳୧

Regional multiplier =

Convert found wpi if by multiplying by appropriate values, such as days, approximate days, beds or other units of measure

2030 category total energy + all other relevant 2030 category total energy = 2030 total energy -

2015 total water calculation: 2015 sub-category Sqft * (found wui * regional multiplier * 12 months) = 2015 subcategory water 2015 sub-category water + all other relevant 2015 sub-category water = 2015 category total water 2015 category total water + all other relevant 2015 category total water = 2015 total water -

Historic include historic multiplier =

ୟ୴ୣ୰ୟ୥ୣ ୦୧ୱ୲୭୰୧ୡ ୣ୳୧ ୲ୟ୰୥ୣ୲ ୦୧ୱ୲୭୰୧ୡ ୣ୳୧

ୟ୴ୣ୰ୟ୥ୣ ୰ୣ୥୧୭୬ୟ୪ ୣ୳୧ ୲ୟ୰୥ୣ୲ ୰ୣ୥୧୭୬ୟ୪ ୣ୳୧

Regional multiplier =

Convert found wui if it is in gal/sf/month to gal/sf/yr by multiplying by 12 months

2030 and 2050 total waste calculation: 2030 new sub-category Sqft * (2015 wpi *discount rate) = 2030 new sub-category waste 2030 new sub-category waste + 2015 sub-category waste = 2030 sub-category total waste 2030 sub-category total waste+ all other relevant 2030 sub-category total waste = 2030 category total waste -

Calculation Appendix Mathmatic Proofs District calculations:

2015 District total water calculation:

2015 total Sqft * % land use = 2015 Category Sqft

2015 Sub-category Sqft * (found wui * regional multiplier * other applicable values) = 2015 sub-category water

2015 Category Sqft * % of sub-category = 2015 sub-category Sqft -

% land use and total sub-district Sqft found in the 2017 451 studio book Replace 2015 values with 2030 and 2050 value to solve for those years, respectively Some Category Sqft found in 2017 451 studio book % of sub-category =

ଶ଴ଵହ ୱ୳ୠିୡୟ୲ୣ୥୭୰୷ ୗ୯୤୲ ଶ଴ଵହ ୡୟ୲ୣ୥୭୰୷ ୗ୯୤୲

2015 Sub-category water + all other relevant 2015 sub-category water = 2015 Category total water 2015 category total water + all other relevant 2015 category total water = 2015 total water -

For historic include historic multiplier = Regional multiplier =

ୟ୴ୣ୰ୟ୥ୣ ୦୧ୱ୲୭୰୧ୡ ୣ୳୧ ୲ୟ୰୥ୣ୲ ୦୧ୱ୲୭୰୧ୡ ୣ୳୧

ୟ୴ୣ୰ୟ୥ୣ ୰ୣ୥୧୭୬ୟ୪ ୣ୳୧ ୲ୟ୰୥ୣ୲ ୰ୣ୥୧୭୬ୟ୪ ୣ୳୧

2015 District total energy calculation: 2015 Sub-category Sqft * (found eui * regional multiplier) = 2015 sub-category energy 2015 Sub-category energy + all other relevant 2015 sub-category energy = 2015 Category total energy 2015 category total energy + all other relevant 2015 category total energy = 2015 total energy -

For historic include historic multiplier =

Regional multiplier =

ୟ୴ୣ୰ୟ୥ୣ ୦୧ୱ୲୭୰୧ୡ ୣ୳୧ ୲ୟ୰୥ୣ୲ ୦୧ୱ୲୭୰୧ୡ ୣ୳୧

ୟ୴ୣ୰ୟ୥ୣ ୰ୣ୥୧୭୬ୟ୪ ୣ୳୧ ୲ୟ୰୥ୣ୲ ୰ୣ୥୧୭୬ୟ୪ ୣ୳୧

% ୡ୦ୟ୬୥ୣ # ௢௙ ௬௘௔௥௦ ) ) ଵ

= 2030 category total Sqft

2030 category total Sqft * % of sub-category = 2030 sub-category total Sqft 2030 Sub-category total Sqft – 2015 sub-category total Sqft = 2030 new sub-category Sqft

2030 new sub-category water + 2015 sub-category water = 2030 sub-category total water

= 2030 category total Sqft

2030 category total Sqft * % of sub-category = 2030 sub-category total Sqft 2030 Sub-category total Sqft – 2015 sub-category total Sqft = 2030 new sub-category Sqft 2030 new sub-category Sqft *(2015 eui *discount rate) = 2030 new sub-category energy 2030 new sub-category energy + 2015 sub-category energy = 2030 sub-category total energy 2030 sub-category total energy + all other relevant 2030 sub-category total energy = 2030 category total energy 2030 category total energy + all other relevant 2030 category total energy = 2030 total energy -

% ୡ୦ୟ୬୥ୣ # ௢௙ ௬௘௔௥௦ ) ) ଵ

2015 category total Sqft * (1 + (

2030 new sub-category Sqft *(2015 wui *discount rate * other applicable values) = 2030 new sub-category water

2030 and 2050 District total energy calculation: 2015 category total Sqft * (1 + (

2030 and 2050 District total water calculation:

2030 sub-category total water + all other relevant 2030 sub-category total water = 2030 category total water 2030 category total water + all other relevant 2030 category total water = 2030 total water -

2015 District total waste calculation: 2015 Sub-category Sqft * (found wpi * regional multiplier) = 2015 sub-category waste 2015 Sub-category waste + all other relevant 2015 sub-category waste = 2015 Category total waste 2015 category total waste + all other relevant 2015 category total waste = 2015 total waste -

For historic include historic multiplier =

Regional multiplier =

ୟ୴ୣ୰ୟ୥ୣ ୰ୣ୥୧୭୬ୟ୪ ୣ୳୧ ୲ୟ୰୥ୣ୲ ୰ୣ୥୧୭୬ୟ୪ ୣ୳୧

ୟ୴ୣ୰ୟ୥ୣ ୦୧ୱ୲୭୰୧ୡ ୣ୳୧ ୲ୟ୰୥ୣ୲ ୦୧ୱ୲୭୰୧ୡ ୣ୳୧

Calculation Appendix Mathmatic Proofs Total Energy Supply:

2030 and 2050 District total waste calculation: 2015 category total Sqft * (1

% ୡ୦ୟ୬୥ୣ # ௢௙ ௬௘௔௥௦ ) ) +( ଵ

= 2030 category total Sqft

2030 category total Sqft * % of sub-category = 2030 sub-category total Sqft 2030 Sub-category total Sqft – 2015 sub-category total Sqft = 2030 new sub-category Sqft 2030 new sub-category Sqft *(2015 wpi *discount rate) = 2030 new sub-category waste 2030 new sub-category waste + 2015 sub-category waste = 2030 sub-category total waste 2030 sub-category total waste + all other relevant 2030 sub-category total waste = 2030 category total waste 2030 category total waste + all other relevant 2030 category total waste = 2030 total waste -

Special conditions: Historic: Vacancy Sqft is only allowed in 2015. The Sqft moves to mixed use. % ୡ୦ୟ୬୥ୣ # ௢௙ ௬௘௔௥௦ ) )] ଵ

[2015 mixed use sub-category Sqft * (1 + ( category Sqft * (1 + -

% ୡ୦ୟ୬୥ୣ # ௢௙ ௬௘௔௥௦ ) )] ( ଵ

+ [2015 vacancy sub-

= 2030 sub-category total Sqft: mixed use

The 2050 value is derived from the typical formula, not this one. The same method applies to the district calculations

Housing: Only high density housing (housing complex sub-category) will be built in the future, therefore the single and multi family sub-categories do not increase. At the same time the housing deficit is made up in the housing complex sub-category. 2030 sub-category total Sqft: mixed use = [2015 mixed use sub-category Sqft * (1 + % ୡ୦ୟ୬୥ୣ # ௢௙ ௬௘௔௥௦ ) )] ଵ

(

+ housing deficit = 2030 sub category total Sqft: housing complex

The 2050 value is derived from the typical formula, not this one. The housing deficit was determined by students in the 2017 451 class

Total Water Supply: 2015 Roof area * rainfall = 2015 total roof capture (cbft) 2015 total roof capture (cbft) * conversion factor = 2015 total roof capture (gal) -

Rain fall is cumulative inches per month not average rainfall per month Total storm water and groundwater recharge are calculated using the same equations, but with their respective sqft’s The conversion factor from cbft to gal is 7.48052 2030 and 2050 total values can be found using the same equations, but with their respective sqft’s and a -1.5% and -3% change in rainfall totals for 2030 and 2050 respectively

(2015 roof area * % usable roof space) * % solar panel yield *annual average irradiation on panel * performance ratio = 2015 total on site energy (2015 roof area off site * % usable roof space) * % solar panel yield *annual average irradiation on panel * performance ratio = 2015 total off site energy 2015 total on site energy + 2015 total off site energy = total energy produced (kWh) 2015 total energy produced (kWh) * conversion factor = total energy produced (Btu) -

% usable roof space was determined as a an average of 70% % solar panel yield was determined by students in the 2017 451 class Annual average irradiation was found in the PV calculation Excel File, 2000kWh/m2 was used for Tucson Performance ratio is a coefficient for losses, .75 was used The conversion factor from kWh to Btu is 3412.1416… 2030 and 2050 total values can be found using the same equations, but with their respective sqft’s