LAND 2413- Landscape Studio 10 Project 3 REgenerate JINGGUO DAVID JIANG z5125785
Inclusive Functional & Safe
What if the rapid growth of urban population caused the public space reduction, to build a collective and inclusive public space with different functions to serve different people, and artificial lights at night to improve the safety and aesthetics of the whole design?
Australia and Sydney Population Growth and Urban Population Precentage Australia Population Growth
Sydney Population Growth
4.99
5
5.43
5.24
5.12
5.63
4 3 2 1 0
2021
2025
2023
2028
2031
Australia Urban Population Growth
35.9 32.6
35
Estimated population in millions
Estimated population in millions
6
40
30
29.2 25.7
25 20 15 10 5 0
2020
2030
2040
2050
86.4 86.2 86 85.8 85.6 85.4 85.2 85
%
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
From 2010 to 2020, the urban population rate has increased steadily every year. Sydney’s total population is predicted to increase by nearly 640000 from 2021 to 2031. According to the urban population growth rate in the previous decade, Sydney will increase by nearly 580000 in the next decade. This is bound to cause more serious tension in urban public space.
The Bay Precinct- Balmain Australia | NSW | 2006 Population Census
Balmain People Median age
Families Average children per family Children Children (%)
80,772 36
19,455 1.6 31,182 38%
According with...
Sustainable Development Goals Goal 11: Sustainable cities and communities:
SDGs
provide access to safe and inclusive green and public spaces
Goal 15: Life on land: end deforestation and restore
degraded forests, bring wildlife back
COP26
The Existing Site Condition Analysis
The landform of this area is relative flat
The existing site without specific planting species
The existing one way circulation can lead people to the site selection
only large green space
Abiding Events Chart 2021-2050 Phase 3 Phase 2
Phase 1
White Bay existing site condition White Bay existing soil contamination Analysis Balmain surburb population census Phytoremediation program (2022-2030) Vermiremediation program (2029-ongoing) Inclusive Public Space 2030 program Inclusive Public SpaceArtificial Lighting at Night Time 2030 program Inclusive Public Space 2050 program Inclusive Public SpaceArtificial Lighting at Night Time 2050 program
2021
2022
2030
2050
ongoing
Soil Contamination and Phytoremediation
The Existing Soil Condition
608 609/601
605/ 601
602/601
610
604/601
601
610 602/601 610
606/ 601
Source based on: Bays-Precinct-SiteWide-Remedial-Concept-Plan
https://thebayssydney.nsw.gov.au/assets/Reference-Group/Bays-Precinct-SiteWide-Remedial-Concept-Plan-WEB.pdf
Phytoremediation Program The ability of phytoremediation is limited. After a long process of remediation, the contaminated soil is in a stable state
2022.10
2025 2022.1
2023.7
2023.7
2024
2027
2030.1
2024
2027
2030.1
phytoremediation sections Stage 1-2022.1
Stage 2-2022.7
Poa labillardieri 50-120cm
Eschscholzia californica 30cm
Stage 3-2024/2027
Juncus usitatus 50-120cm
Helianthus annuus up to 2m
Thlaspi brachypetalum 15cm
Thiaspi caerulescens 15cm
Digitalis purpurea 6-150cm
Trifolium repens ground cover polychlorinated biphenyls
Cucurbita pepo vine ground cover
Stage 4-2030.1 After a period of phytoremediation, earthworms were introduced to help the phytoremediation process
Vermiremediation Program Vermiremediation presents a good long-term biological option to clean up mildly contaminated soil.
Epigeic: L. rubellus Epigeic earthworms live on the surface of the soil in leaf litter. These species tend not to make burrows but live in and feed on the leaf litter
Endogeic: A. caliginosa Endogeic earthworms live in and feed on the soil. They make horizontal burrows through the soil to move around and to feed and they will reuse these burrows to a certain extent.
Anecic: A. longa Anecic earthworms make permanent vertical burrows in soil. They feed on leaves on the soil surface that they drag into their burrows. They also cast on the surface, and these casts can quite often be seen in grasslands.
Source based on: https://www.earthwormsoc.org.uk/earthworm-ecology
Spread the seeds through bird 3. In Beaks or Claws
1. On Their Bodies
2. Dispersal Through Droppings
The existing common bird species in Bay Precinct The existing large green space with variety of vegetation species
Southern Boobook
Australian Magpie
Musk Lorikeet
Tawny Frogmouth
Australian Raven
Sulphur-crested Cockatoo
Pied Currawong
Yellow-faced Honeyeater
Inclusive Public Open Space 2030& 2050
Access The circulation of the site aims to have no-ending road with various cross-point that lead people to go anywhere they want.
Open Space The inclusive public space contains varieties of area with different functions, to satisfied all age groups needs
Ecological The inclusive public space should focus on ecology. The green space contains plant species, natural beings and the welcome environment.
Living Quality The inclusive public space also support residential area for people.
Convenience The inclusive public space includes commercial areas, inside contains a retail store, grocery, supermarket, bar, cafe and restaurant, which easy people who live or work here and increse the local commericial level
Master Plan 2030
B A
C
5 3
1 9 6 2
4
A’
1
Open Commercial Area
9
7
B’
7
Waterfront Square
2
Front Plaza
8
Coastal Walk Track
3
Car Parking Area
9
Wharf
4
Basketball Field
5
Residential Building
6
Open Space with Landscape Design
6 8
C’
9
Scale: 1:1000
Section View 2030 A-A’
car parking
car road
car parking roundabout basketball field
coastal walk track
pedestrians track
bike lane
pedestrians track green buffer
A
A’
Scale: 1:4000
Section View 2030 B-B’
open commercial area
car road
pedestrians track
front plaza
pedestrians track
coastal walk track
bike lane open cafe
B
B’
Scale: 1:4000
Section View 2030 C-C’
residential area
car road
pedestrians track
bike lane
C
pedestrians track
coastal walk track
open space with landscape design
C’
Scale: 1:4000
Let’s Have a Consideration of...
What will change of 20 years?
Public open space shrink
Urban population raise
Tail gas pollution
Transportation mode transfer Explore vertical space
Explore more verticial space potentially to alleviate the shortage of public space resources
Due to the population growth and era changed, the basic function of open space cannot satisfied citizens, time to explore and expand various function of open space
With the opening of more functional areas, some messy green plants are also reduced. This is not to reduce the green space, but to leave more designed landscape design in gaps of this site
Expending the existing car road as the share road, since the transportation mode has been transfered. The share road aims for more space for bike rider, to encourage this eco-friendly transportation way.
children playground Target Group: children, parents, familes
Due to the increasingly strained public land resources, in 2050 plan for this area should explore more open space to increase the capacity level
Roof garden Target Group: people who live inside
sculpture by sea plaza
pedestrians track Target Group: all age groups
Platform (above the ground) Target Group: All age groups who visit this place
share bike station and art plaza Target Group: all age groups
Share bike station and art plaza water front plaza and wharf Target Group: all age groups
commercial area and open space Target Group: all age groups, inside contains cafe, retail store, restaurant, grocery... outdoor exercise space Target Group: except for children, people who look for work-out.
In 2050, this place aims lessen the car flow. The transportation mode transfer to bike. The old car park change to share bike station. Due to the size of bike, the rest of space aims to explore more aesthetic function in this area to enrich the inclusive public space.
Master Plan 2050
B A
C
7
1
11
2
4 6
10
3
9
5
5
A’
1
Open Commercial Area
8
12
7
C’
B’
Office Building Roof Garden
13 Share Bike Station 13
13
2
Left Side Plaza
8
Waterfront Plaza
3
Front Plaza
9
Basketball Field
4
Fountain Plaza
10
Outdoor Exercise Filed
5
Sculpture Squre
11
Platform
6
Children Playground
12
Coastal Walk Track
14 Art Plaza 14
The layer under the Platform*
Scale: 1:1000
Section View 2050 A-A’
share road (car and bike use the same line)
A
pedestrians track
Share bike station
retail stall
platform
light-box structure
Aart plaza
pedestrians track
coastal walk track
outdoor exercise field
A’
Scale: 1:4000
3D View of Art Plaza, Platform, Outdoor Exercise Field
Section View 2050 B-B’
open commercial area
share road (car and bike use the same line)
B
open cafe pedestrians track
front plaza
pedestrians track
coastal walk track
B’
Scale: 1:4000
3D View of Open Commercial Space
Section View 2050 C-C’
roof garden
material of Children playground pavement: rubber softfall
share road (car and bike use pedestrians the same line) track
C
pedestrians track children playground
sculpture by sea plaza
coastal walk track
C’
Scale: 1:4000
3D View of Children Playground and Sculpture by Sea Plaza
Proposed Planting Schedule 8-10m
Tree
8-10m
8-10m
8-10m
6-8m
6-10m
4-8m
4-8m
3-10m
3-10m
3-4m 2m
2m
2m
Shurb
1.5m
1.5m
1m
Groundcover Dec
summer
Feb Mar
autumn
May Jun
winter
Aug Sep
6-8m A fast growing and short lived tree with feathery leaves and bright yellow ball shaped flowers in July – November.
Acacia longifolia
Melaleuca linariifolia
8-10m A small tree with honey scented cream flowers in September – February.
Banksia spinulosa
2m 3-4m with golden yellow flowers late winter A rounded shrub with yellow orange - early spring. flowers in winter
Groundcover
Shurb
Tree
Acacia decurrens
spring
Ceratopetalum gummiferum
Acacia decurrens
Elaeocarpus reticulatus 3-10m
Hovea linearis 1.5m An open shrub with mauve flowers spring.
Correa alba
Grevillea buxifolia
Acer palmatum 6-10m
Indigofera australis 1.5m An umbrella shaped shrub with grey/green foliage and pink flowers in spring
8-10m this tree or large shrub has clusters of white, pink and red flowers in September – December..
1m A bun shaped shrub with white flowers autumn/winter
4-8m Small tree or rounded shrub. Lots of yellow ball shaped flowers in spring.
2m A dense bun shaped shrub with grey felty flowers over the warmer months.
Nov
Mondo Grass evergreen groundcover
What can we do to make our night environment work for us? ......and artificial lights at night to improve the safety and aesthetics of the whole design?
residential area/ street/ corridor lighting Pyrmont wharf
car flow lighting on the Anzac Bridge
The White Bay is relative dark by surrounding site
Using light only where and when it is needed
When?
Where? children playing
Night time for sure
sprots stroll ride bicycle
Children playground Sports field Pedestrians track Bike lane
Activities Pop-up show, living concert, lighting show...
open plaza/ playground
Level of Safety Requirment at Night
Night Time Visual sharpness Level
High priority very easy to observe
children safety
easy to observe
exercise safety
High-medium priority
car safety
relative easy to observe
children playground
outdoor exercise space
riding bicyele safety bike lane
car road
medium priority
pedestrians walk safety
pedestrians walk close to sea safety
plaza/ art square/ waterfront square
pedestrians track
coastal walk track
plaza/ square
green space
medium-low priority
planting edge
A corner that is easily overlooked
corner of site
need to focus
Lighting at Night Time Lumens Level
lumen 0-300lm
some easily forgotten corners/ 100lm
lumen 400-500lm
lumen 700-850lm
lumen 900-1000lm
lumen 1100-2000lm
lumen >2000lm
ornamental plant lighting- ground lighting/400lm
car road lighting/ 1000lm
children playground lighting
ornamental plant lighting- light pole/ 800lm
pedestrians track/ 1400lm
exercise field lighting
garden bed light tape/ 100lm
bicycle lane lighting/ 1600lm
>2000lm Solar street light for main car road
1000-1600lm Bike lane light
600-800lm
Pedestrian track light/ Coastal walk light
400-500lm
Garden low light
100-300lm Ground light
Master Plan 2030 Night View
B A
A’
C
B’
C’
Scale: 1:1000
Section Night View 2030 A-A’ Lighting Turn-on Time Restriction* Due to the strong lighting for basketball at night time will intrrupt people’s visual at night and upper residents living area life quality, so it will not allow people to play after 8 p.m., at the same time, need to book appoinment first.
strong lighting for basketball ground light
solar street light pedestrian track light tape light in the plant
A
coastal walk light tape light in the plant
garden low light
A’
Scale: 1:4000
Section Night View 2030 B-B’
resident lighting through window
open commercial area front door light
solar street light
pedestrian track light
pedestrian track light
garden light
coastal walk light
garden low light
B
B’
Scale: 1:4000
Section Night View 2030 C-C’
resident lighting through window
solar street light
pedestrian track light
garden light
coastal walk light
tape light in the plant
C
C’
Scale: 1:4000
The artificial lighting at night time conditions at 2030...
residential area on the top
The main artificial lighting source at night time come from the side close to sea, has a relatively minor impact on residents
The existing basketball field as the only activity exercise in the field. If has the lighting turn-on time restriction on the basketball playing (due to the strong lighting for basketball field will interupt people’s visual impact), thus people will has less chance to do exercise at night time.
Time to change and add more varieties of exercise activities!
Master Plan 2050 Night View
B A
A’
C
B’
C’
Scale: 1:1000
Section Night View 2050 A-A’
Lighting Turn-on Time Restriction* Still keep the basketball field function, but cancel the service at nightime. Replaced by the outdoor casual exercise. Still need lighting, but not that strong level as the lighting for basketball field at night time.
garden light solar street light
pedestrian track light
tape light in the plant
Light-Box lighting
pedestrian track light
garden light ground light
garden low light
A
A’
Scale: 1:4000
Section Night View 2050 B-B’
resident lighting through window
open commercial area front door light
solar street light
B
pedestrian track light
garden light
coastal walk light
B’
Scale: 1:4000
Section Night View 2050 C-C’
tape light in the plant
resident lighting through window tape light in the plant
solar street light
pedestrian track light
pedestrian track light
garden light children playground lighting
lighting for sculpture coastal walk light
C
C’
Scale: 1:4000
3D Night Time View of Art Plaza, Platform, Outdoor Exercise Field
3D Model
3D Model test of Garden lighting and ground lighting
3D Model test of pedestrians track lighting
3D Model test of street lighting on bike lane and car road