Natural Improvement Health Centre

LAND7313 Capstone 2

Assessment 3: Final Design

Natural Improvement Health Centre

Ruijia Gan (Rachel) Z5219931 2021 T2

Context Analysis

Wolli Creek

Bardwell Creek

Bardwell Valley Parklands and Wolli Creek is a region with great potential. It is densely populated and has rivers and is full of lush green spaces. More than that, the green space is enormous, with numerous animals and vital vegetation. The environment is ideal for living, but the poor quality of the river and flooding problems, as well as the lack of accessibility of the site, due to the lack of design and management over the years, do not allow for a close relationship with the ecological environment.

Coolibah Reserve is an important junction between the Bardwell Valley Parklands corridor and the Wolli Creek corridor, and is the confluence of the Wolli Creek and Bardwell Creek.

Land Use Analysis Legend

This is a region with great potential. It is densely populated and has rivers and is full of lush green spaces. More than that, the green space is enormous, with numerous animals and vital vegetation. The environment is ideal for living, but the poor quality of the river and flooding problems, as well as the lack of accessibility of the site, due to the lack of design and management over the years, do not allow for a close relationship with the ecological environment.

Edge 1 Fenced off site Edge 2 Fenced off site Edge 3 Walled off site

https://maps.bayside.nsw.gov.au/Intramaps98/ https://haveyoursay.bayside.nsw.gov.au/lep-2020/widgets/289061/documents

Key Elements Analysis Legend

Sites key dimensions and elements Nature Water Soil Building

Users

People from distant places don’t come as often because of the lack of transportation, and particular ecological conditions correspond to special animals

Residents

Golf club members

Animals

46m 39m

Reptile

Mammal

https://maps.bayside.nsw.gov.au/Intramaps98/ https://haveyoursay.bayside.nsw.gov.au/lep2020/widgets/289061/documents Rockdale Biodiversity Strategy 2014

Transportation Analysis Legend

Engineered elements Transportation System • Railway • Tunnel • Highway Construe Elements • Public Art & Monument • Retaining Wall Storm-water System • GPT • SQID Infrastructure • Swimming Pool • Car Park

Retaining wall

https://maps.bayside.nsw.gov.au/Intramaps98/ https://haveyoursay.bayside.nsw.gov.au/lep-2020/widgets/289061/documents

Flood Analysis Legend

Surface of the site Impermeable Surface • Road • Surface of Buildings • Car Parking Permeable Surface • Vegetation • Green Corridor • Waterway Impermeable Surface Ratio > Permeable Surface Ratio

Flood Issue As can be seen from the diagram, the site faces this serious flooding problem. Most of the area will suffer from the problem of flooding, when extreme weather hits. Flooding will affect the safety of people and cars and can even erode houses.

https://maps.bayside.nsw.gov.au/Intramaps98/ https://haveyoursay.bayside.nsw.gov.au/lep-2020/widgets/289061/documents https://www.bayside.nsw.gov.au/area/environment/floodplain-management/bardwell-creek-and-wolli-creek-catchment

Vegetation Communities and Microclimate Analysis Legend

Priority natural areas summary 1. Coolibah Reserve 2. Bardwell Valley Golf Club 3. Bardwell Park 4. Stotts Reserve 5. Girrahween Park 6. Waterworth Park - Wolli Creek 7. Marsh Street Wetlands 8. Eve Street Wetlands 9. Spring St Wetlands 10. Landing Lights Wetlands

Micro-climate Regulation: Trees provide shade and vegetation and waterway areas reduce the heat island effect; trees also keep cities warmer in winter by blocking wind and reducing wind speed.

Tree Canopy Ratio These native and exotic trees provide an average of 26 per cent tree canopy cover in the Urban Area in The South District.

The NSW Government has set a target to increase the tree canopy cover across Greater Sydney to 40 per cent. https://maps.bayside.nsw.gov.au/Intramaps98/ https://haveyoursay.bayside.nsw.gov.au/lep-2020/widgets/289061/documents Rockdale Biodiversity Strategy 2014 South District Plan March 2018

Biodiversity Analysis Legend

Threatened and Significant Flora • Acacia terminalis subsp. terminalis • Allocasuarinaglareicola • Caladenia tessellata • Cryptostylishunterina • Genoplesiumbaueri • Pelargonium sp. Striatellum • Pimeleaspicata • Pterostylissaxicola • Thelymitrasp. Kangaloon

Threatened and Significant Fauna • • • • • •

https://maps.bayside.nsw.gov.au/Intramaps98/ https://haveyoursay.bayside.nsw.gov.au/lep-2020/widgets/289061/documents Rockdale Biodiversity Strategy 2014

Litoriaaurea Anthochaeraphrygia Botauruspoiciloptilus Calidrisferruginea Haematopuslongirostris Sterna albifrons

Social and Cultural Analysis Legend

Heritage Bayside has been home for many generations of Aboriginal people, living along the Cooks River and around Kamay (Botany Bay).

Aboriginal heritage includes sites like rock engravings, tools such as stone axes or spear points, natural features of spiritual significance, landscapes like Kamay Bay, historical camps, buildings where Aboriginal people lived or worked and contemporary places of work or recreation.

Values from the community • We value the character and heritage of our suburbs • View corridors are important • We should require design excellence and respect existing character • We need to know Aboriginal heritage and stories – it’s part of a rich history • Recognition for Aboriginal peoples is important – we should work together • Incorporate heritage and historical character into the design of new buildings such as some of our main streets • We need to protect our cultural landscape items

https://maps.bayside.nsw.gov.au/Intramaps98/ https://haveyoursay.bayside.nsw.gov.au/lep-2020/widgets/289061/documents Uncovering the Hidden History of the Wolli Creek Valley May of Recreational Opportunities Local Strategic Planning Statement

Site Analysis

Coolibah Reserve Coolibah Reserve

400m

800m

Section 1

Section 2

Unaccessible Edge

2 4

1

Section 3

3

Section 4

Social and Cultural Analysis User Analysis

Young

Family

Old

Unaccessible Edge

Wetland Heritage Green Space Playground Picnic Area Seat Collector Road https://maps.bayside.nsw.gov.au/Intramaps98/ https://haveyoursay.bayside.nsw.gov.au/lep-2020/widgets/289061/documents

Size: 36,342m²

The site is surrounded by low to medium density residential areas and will be used by young people, families and the elderly for recreational activities. Some residents feel that the site should be designed to allow for interaction with the water and to enhance the ecology of the site, such as safe cycle paths.

Physical and Spatial Analysis

Water Nature Resource

Acid Sulfate Soil Class 2 Class 3 Class 5

Small Structure Drain Line Site

0

2

8m

https://maps.bayside.nsw.gov.au/Intramaps98/ https://haveyoursay.bayside.nsw.gov.au/lep-2020/widgets/289061/documents Rockdale Biodiversity Strategy 2014

The site has high recreational value, such as water-friendly landscaping, and is designed to increase the use of the site. The site has good biodiversity and water resources but needed to improve. Both of these elements contribute to mental health through biophilic design. The site has an educational value, as it increases children's knowledge of the environment and awareness of environmental protection through the observation of special plants and animals.

Environment Analysis Vegetation Community Revegetaion Non-Indigenous Native Trees Green and Golden Bell Frog

Endangered Ecological Communities Swamp Oak Forest Potential Threatened Fauna and Shorebird Habitat

W

Green and Golden Bell Frog Habitat Grey-headed Flying Fox, Selecting Microbats and Powerful Owl Habitat

E Grey-headed Flying Fox

Site

Powerful Owl 0

2

8m

0

2

8m https://maps.bayside.nsw.gov.au/Intramaps98/ https://haveyoursay.bayside.nsw.gov.au/lep-2020/widgets/289061/documents Rockdale Biodiversity Strategy 2014

Flood Analysis Flood Hazard Map

100 Year Event 100 Year 40cm Sea Rise 100 Year 90cm Sea Rise Riparian Corridor Site Gennerally safe Unsafe for samll cars Unsafe for cars, children and the elderly.

Unsafe for cars and people. All buildings vulnerable to structural damage.

0

2

8m

https://maps.bayside.nsw.gov.au/Intramaps98/ https://haveyoursay.bayside.nsw.gov.au/lep-2020/widgets/289061/documents

Unsafe for cars and people. All building types considered vulnerable to failure https://www.bayside.nsw.gov.au/area/environment/floodplain-management/bardwell-creek-and-wolli-creek-catchment https://economy.id.com.au/baysidensw https://portal.spatial.nsw.gov.au/portal/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=f7c215b873864d44bccddda8075238cb#

Economic Analysis Professionals (314 people or 27.3%) Clerical and Administrative Workers (200 people or 17.4%) Managers (172 people or 15.0%)

History Map

1940s

1980s

1950s

1990s

1970s

2000s

2011-2016: No qualifications (-72 persons) Bachelor or Higher degrees (+54 persons)

Overall, 16.5% of the population earned a high income, and 35.9% earned a low income, compared with 14.4% and 36.1% respectively for Greater Sydney.

The Design Research Question Topic:

How to use biophilic design in urban space to help restore people's mental and physical health

Design Research Questions: How to use biophilic design (mainly focused on water) in urban open space to help improve human health and well-being?

All of these issues directly or indirectly affect a human being's health

Lack of accessibility to the site Flooding problems

Poor quality of water Low use of the site Lack of interaction with nature and inaccessibility of water areas for use

Precedent Analysis McIntire Botanical Garden: Masterplan for Resiliency and Healing, USA Designer: Mikyoung Kim Design Design year: 2018

The McIntire Botanical Garden is part of a park in Charlottesville, Virginia. Based on the wishes of the community and the needs of the residents, the site has been planned to revive the site and will become a biologically rich landscape design site with a rich biodiversity.

Principle and Strategies

Although the site is named Botanic Garden, the vision is to transform the traditional idea of a botanic garden into an inclusive, biophilic, accessible and healing park by integrating the garden with the life of the community.

1. the use of garden walks of varying difficulty and length to connect different thematic spaces and enhance accessibility to different natural spaces 2. the water system has been redesigned and different forms of interaction with the water have been added in the form of waterfalls, wetlands and recreational aquatic gardens to increase the biophilic interaction between people and water 3. the use of dynamic plant material enhances the biodiversity of the site and enhances the human sensory experience 4. using the garden as a community and site stormwater management facility to address flooding during extreme rainstorms and actively respond to global climate change

How it relate to my design? / What inspiration was gained? / What are the aspects to learn?

Different forms of design for water The design of paths according to the different natural spaces of the site

https://www.asla.org/2019awards/620539-McIntire_Botanical_Garden_Masterplan_Resiliency.html

The use of native plants to create botanical gardens helps to improve the health of people, and through the use of different colours and heights of plants to create different forms of space and to help people to remember the site.

Precedent Analysis Jurong Lakeside Garden, Singapore Designer: Mikyoung Kim Design Design year: 2014

Jurong Lakeside Garden is located on the west coast of Singapore's Jurong district and is the first phase of the design of the Jurong Lake Garden, which has been realised. Using the design principles of biophilic design to restore the ecological vitality of the site and to meet the fitness, learning and living needs of the public, it is an environmentally and biophilic community garden for the people.

Principle and Strategies

The vision for this garden is to restore the freshwater marsh forest that once existed and to connect the life of the community as a green space for the mutual benefit of people, animals and nature.

1. Using an accessible water walkway to provide an opportunity for close contact with nature 2. Natural and ecological approaches to the restoration of the freshwater marsh and the use of WSUD elements to create a space for water and nature to return 3. Careful selection of plant types and species to attract the return of small animals and thus increase biodiversity 4. Children will be able to play in a way that mimics the activities of wetland creatures, providing opportunities for nature exploration and education.

5. Recycled and sustainable materials are used in the architectural spaces of the site, such as timber that has been exploited to build walkways, shelters, children's activities, as well as other activities.

How it relate to my design? / What inspiration was gained? / What are the aspects to learn?

- Evolution and restoration of water sources using plants and wetlands - Use of rain gardens to help with site flooding - The selection and use of materials - The design concepts and approaches that appreciate nature and integrate nature

https://landezine-award.com/jurong-lakeside-garden/

Biophilic designs

Restoring nature through natural, ecological approaches

Humans' intrinsic desire for nature since time immemorial

Love nature

Design Concept and Principles Theroretical Posititon: Herrington: 1. System logic - Green Infrastructure Biophlima

1. Protect nature Restoring natural resources, coping with floods and protecting endangered flora and fauna

Social benefit :Provide lots of space for recreation and exercise and encourage users to use the space for physical and mental health development Economic benefit: It will attract more visitors to the area and drive tourism and economic development.

Environment benefit: Restoring the life and vitality of the site and bringing people and nature closer together while creating protected areas to safeguard the health of the ecosystem.

2. Spatial practices - memory and space

2. Enjoy nature

3. Love Nature

Increased accessibility, interaction with natural resources

Enriching sensory experiences and spatial experiences to restore health in nature

Social benefit: Enhances human interaction with the water as well as recreation. A clean water source encourages human contact with the water, thus helping to develop mental health to some extent.

Economic benefit: Saves some of the cost of managing the site in the rain and saves the cost of cleaning the water afterwards after another consumption.

Environment benefit: Enhances the quality of water and improves the ecological environment for aquatic animals. And effectively mitigates the impact of rain on the site

Social benefit: It provides a lot of space for children to play and learn about agriculture and its skills, as well as the different species of aromatic plants and their values.

Economic benefit: Attracting more residents to the site to boost the economy Environment benefit: The space is used efficiently to meet the different functional needs and the WSUD is used to manage the storm water effectively.

Design Strategies

Flooding measures for bioswales and rain gardens

Establishment of ecological reserves

Love Nature

Enjoy Nature

Protect Nature

Remove and weir improve water quality

Increase different activities spaces to enhance the user's experience of the space and make memories

Increase the connectivity of spaces within the site

Increase access water

Increase interactivity with natural resources

Increasing the olfactory and tactile experience of natural spaces

Increasing the seasonal landscape experience of the river

Design process Water Analysis

Water circulation Purified water flow

Purification areas Urban farming garden Bioswales and rain garden

Residential area

Water quality improvement

Accessibility Analysis

Cycle paths Bicycle and pedestrian roads Secondary roads Trails

Land use Map Activity Area Ecological reserves No human entry

Water purification area WUSD Area Sensory Garden

Design Strategies Map Protect Nature Love Nature Comfortable

Stap 1

Peaceful

Enjoy Nature

Protect Nature Exciting

Pleasant

Enjoyed

Peaceful

Stap 2 Enjoy Nature

Pleasant Comfortable

Exciting Pleasant Comfortable

Peaceful

Stap 3

Meditative

Love Nature

Peaceful

Masterplan

KEY PLACES

8 9

7 6

10

5

11 16 12

15

13

14

16

3

2

4

1

0

1

Fishing areas

2

Riverside Hydrophilic Area

3

Viewing platform

4

Bike path

5

Healing garden

6

Urban Farm

7

Children's Adventure garden

8

Coffee Shop

9

Woodland rest area

10

Bioswale and Rain garden

11

High raise bridge

12

Floating path

13

Eco Island

14

Riverside Rest Lawn

15

Activity Centre

16

Forest walks

1200

1：1200@A3

6000

Activity Area Map Entry

Ecological preservation area

Woodland activity space

Entry

Hydrophilic interaction zone

Forest walk area

Entry

Key area 1 : Main woodland activity space Children's Adventure garden

Woodland rest area

Urban Farm

Bioswale and Rain garden

0

150

1：150@A3

450

Healing garden

Key area 1 : Main Woodland Activity Area

Healing garden

Bioswale and Rain garden

Bike Path

Main Road Path 0

150

1：150@A3

Path

450

Bioswale

Rain garden

Healing garden

Cycle path

Key area 2 : Main Hydrophilic Interaction Zone High raise bridge

Floating wooden path

Viewing platform

0

150

1：150@A3

450

Eco Island

Riverbank Lawn Steps

Key area 2 : Main water activity space Riverbank Lawn Steps Viewing platform

Seasonal Landscape Eco Island

High raise bridge Floating wooden path

0

150

1：150@A3

450

High raise bridge

Floating wooden path

Viewing platform

Riverbank Lawn Eco Island Steps

Ecological Riverbank

The ecological river banks not only help people to get closer to the water, but also ensure the safety of pedestrians in the rain.

Plants Analysis Flowering plants

Aromatic Plants

Austral Toadflax

Boronia heterophylla

Aquatic Plants

Crassula helmsii

WUSD Plants

King Tut Papyrus

Edible Plants

Flowering plants

Cabbage

Edible Plants Magenta Lilly Pilly

Sunshine Wattle

Bacopa amplexicaulis

Schoenoplectus pungens

WUSD Plants

Pink kale

Aromatic Plants

Flowering plants Jacaranda

Bouvardia humboldtii

Rhynchospora colorata

Carex appressa

Spicy radish

Flowering plants

Swamp Oak

Maple Tree

Leafless Tongue-orchid

Arthropodium strictum

Downy Wattle

Mint Bush

Water Iris

Snowflake or white water fringe

Angled lobelia

Melaleuca thymifolia

Westringia Fruticosa

Dianella caerulea 'King Alfred'

Flowering plants Flowering plants

Coriander

Tomato

Basil

Flowering plants

Flowering plants Flowering plants

https://www.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au/improving-streets-public-spaces/protecting-our-waterways http://www.watergardenparadise.com.au/australiannative.php https://www.sydneywater.com.au/sw/your-home/saving-water-at-home/garden-and-pool/plant-selector/index.htm?Row=1&actsuburb=Bardwell+Valley&su=1&wn=&cn=&bn=&SortField=xSWCommonName&ResultCount=24

Materials Analysis

Wood

Rest Area

Seating Photos source: Pinterest

Stone Path

Lawn lights

Street lights

Bike Path

Coffee Shop

Seating

Rest Area

Signage

Night time road

Lawn lights

Conclusion Artificial cities suppress our biophilic impulses and people turn away from nature while ignoring the damage they are doing to the environment. Biophilic design is not just about these basic health and performance requirements. It is also about the intrinsic connection of humans to other living things and to nature. In a natural environment, the connection with nature provides mental relaxation and a sense of well-being. Moreover it can bring us a multitude of joy and educational meaning, achieving respect, reverence and love for nature!