REwater

REwater How can green infrastructure be used to manage water movement and achieve sustainable urban development and human well-being around White Bay Power Station?

Shuyao Lian z5189406

Site Context

Local context White Bay is part of Sydney Harbour, located in Sydney's inner west, surrounded by the suburbs of Balmain and Rozelle, and is the last strategic inner harbour site in Sydney available for urban renewal, representing the last deep water and land interface of Sydney Harbour, including White Bay, Glebe Island and White Bay Power Station.

Sydney context

Framework

Sustainable Development Goals

By 2020, protect and restore water-related ecosystems, including mountains, forests, wetlands, rivers, aquifers and lakes

By 2020, protect and prevent the extinction, take significant action to reduce the degradation of natural habitats, halt the loss of biodiversity and,

Framework All aspects of sustainability rely on maintaining and managing green infrastructure. Green infrastructure is the network of green spaces, natural systems and semi-natural systems that support sustainable communities.

E15. Protecting and enhancing bushland and biodiversity.

E20. Adapting to the impacts of urban and natural hazards and climate change.

Framework Benedict and McMahon (2002) point out that natural areas such as wetlands, waterways, flora and fauna habitats, and urban green spaces are all part of the green infrastructure, and these natural life support systems provide habitat for native organisms, improve environmental quality, enhance human well-being, and achieve sustainable urban development.

Green Infrastructure Connected elements Parks and open spaces

Waterways

Social Benefits

Environment Benefits Address flooding issue

Protect heritage

Water quality management

Improve harbour water quality

Biodiversity

Enhance ecosystem

Green ground cover

Habitat

corridor

Outdoor activity

Human well-being

Diverse experiences Enhance physical health

Enhance Mental health

Framework

Potential Frog habitat Existing frog

The Green Golden Bell Frog (GGBF) was once abundant in Sydney and elsewhere, and in 1863 it was described as "the most common of all Australian frogs". And remained very common until about 30 years ago, when it experienced a dramatic decline due to habitat loss, fragmentation and degradation.

The green and golden bell frog (Litoria aurea) is endangered in NSW and the Department of Environment and Climate Change (DECC) is trying to save it from extinction.

Urban Ecology Strategic Action Plan identify the Glebe Foreshore Walk include the Jubilee Park has a great potential to provide an continuous habitat corridor in the LGA so my idea is to extend the corridor into the Balmain area (foreshore), and Green and Golden Bell Frog identify as priorities fauna species for the habitat restoration also wetland is quite fit for its habitat conditions.

Creature Life cycle Life cycle

Green and golden bells frogs are active during the day and breed in the summer when conditions are warm and moist, usually from October to March of each year. From April to August, when the green and golden bell frogs are inactive, they are particularly sensitive to disturbances.

Diet Tadpole diet includes bacteria, algae and organic detritus, while adult frogs feed on almost anything, including insects, spiders, small lizards and snakes, and other frogs (Pyke 1990).

Birds, lizards, snakes, turtles, water rats and other frogs like to eat Green and Golden Bell Frogs.

Breeding season Calling Males

Creature Habitat

Breeding Habitat Constructed bodies of water such as stormwater retention ponds, billabongs or ponds. Ponds that are relatively shallow, but vary in depth to accommodate different growth stages.

Foraging Habitat Plants that form tussocks provide foraging, usually in the vicinity of breeding habitats. Combined with ground lighting helps attract frog foraging insects. There are submerged plants that provide food for tadpoles.

Refuge habitat Dense grasses, rock piles, escape from danger and retreat in the short term to avoid extreme weather.

Green and golden bell frog

Site Context

Design area

White Bay Power Station

Site Analysis Reconsider

While gray infrastructure such as roads, buildings and Metro stations become the main focus in future urban development, ecology and human well-being also need to receive more attention, so green infrastructure becomes even more important. My vision is to combine green infrastructure and gray infrastructure to form a coexistence of urban and nature.

Term 1 Group Work: Urban development

Site Analysis Reconsider

Green infrastructure can be used as a method of stormwater management to achieve Water Sensitive Urban Design.

The use of natural elements as infrastructure, form green infrastructure that can be used for water management, biological habitat management and other natural process management. (Herrington, 2016)

Term 1 Group Work: Water Friendly Neighbourhood

Site Analysis Soil

The presence of contaminants including heavy metals, PAHs and acid sulfate soils in the site due to the site's industrial history and fill materials used in land reclamation has resulted in contamination of the site's soil, sediment, and groundwater.

Contraints

- Habour water is affected when underground water flows to the harbour through acidic sulfate soils.

Filled soils, man made Hawkesbury sandstone Ashfield Shale Residual soils on shale

Land reclamation

White Bay Power Station, 1958 / Electricity Commission of New South Wales

Site Analysis

Opportunities - resilience (climate and nature) Contraints

- Overland flow and Impervious surface: Stormwater run off - Existing flooding issue: Affects key heritage WBPS

Opportunities

e landform

1. Water system resilience - mitigate flood risk

2. Habitat resilience

Water contain area

Water flow in sandstone

3. Celebrate heritage

Site Analysis

Opportunities - maintain landmark view 1. Enhance local view

2. Protect district view

3. Enhance public view

Site Analysis

Opportunities - celebrate landform 1. XXL - L - S - XXS

2. Overcome level change Victoria Rd

Water flow in sandstone Victoria Rd

Anzac bridge barrier Landfill

Hybrid question

What if an green infrastructure improved water quality outside the metro station, making post-industrial sites part of the daily commuting experience and celebrating the heritage of the site?

Design Principles

Water quality management

Commuter experience

Co-exisitance - Frog habitat

Improving the stormwater quality and reuse for site irrigation and water supply for the water feature therefore improve hydrological system to address the climate issue

Enhancing the interaction between daily commuter and the site through designing a water soundwalk and sensory garden

Establish aquatic flora species that create the habitat for green and golden belt frog and engage the public with water bodies through circulatory systems to create a coexistence urban ecology

Timeline Phase

Time

Stage 1-Water quality management Phytoremediation Stormwater quality management Habour water purification Stage 2-Commutor experience Site access Stormwater reuse Seasonal change Stage 3-Co-exisitance Habitat restoration Green infrastructure growth

5-10 years

50 years

100 years

Stage 1 Action plan

Water quality management

2023

2025

2030

2030 Action plan Legend

3

4 1

2

1:2000@A3

5

1

Phytoremediation/Noise barrier

2

Phytoremediation

3

Bioretention

4

Wetland

5

Promenda

Phytoremediation Soil Washing

Phytoremediation Toxic soil

1:200@A3

Promenade Polluted harbour water Water flow in sandstone

Phytoremediation Vegetation List

1

2

3

4

5

6

1. Pennisetum alopecuroides "Nafray" 2. Helianthus annuus 3. Microlaena stipoides 4. Acacia mearnsii 5. Juncus usitatus “Common Rush” 6.Eucalyptus haemastoma

Green infrastructure

Stormwater management

Bioretention

1:200@A3

Wetland

Promenade

Green infrastructure

Habour water purification

Bioretention

1:200@A3

Waterbody

Wetland

Promenade

Wetland Australian reed-warbler

Bolboschoenus fluviatilis Ficinia nodosa Deep water zone

1:100@A3

Shallow water

Perspective Bioretention

Wetland

Storage Tank

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Eleocharis sphacelata

Carex appressa

Ficinia nodosa

Bolboschoenus fluviatilis

Juncus usitatus

Vegetation

Stage 2 Daily commuter experience

Auditory

Visual

+

Auditory

Water movement

+

Fauna and Flora

Auditory

Water pattern

+

Seasonal Change

+

Harbour view

Stage 2 Action plan Legend

3 4 13 5

1 9

6 9

2 10 11

7 12

14 8

1:2000@A3

1

Phytoremediation/Noise barrier

2

Phytoremediation/Cafe zone

3

Bioretention

4

Wetland

5

Promenda

6

Waterfront sitting zone

7

Events yard

8

Timber platform

9

Water feature

10

Still water-scape with timber platform

11

Sensory garden

12

Linear raingarden

13

Boardwalk

14

Noise barrier

Section Timber platform

Timber platform

Still pool with timer bridge

Cafe/Events yard

Raingarden

Still water-scape

Water feature

Waterfront sitting zone with level change

1:500@A1

Linear raingarden Boardwalk

Waterplay Sitting

Detail plan Legend 1

11

+ 1.5

2

3 4

2

6 +1

5 10

+1

7 1

1:200@A1

8

Linear raingarden

2

Boardwalk

3

Water play with sitting

4

Water feature

5

Timber platform with ground lighting

6

Still water-scape

7

Sensory garden

8

Sitting area

9

Noise barrier

10

Lawn zone

11

Wetland

+1 + 1.5

5

1

7

9

3 Water play

Water play

Section

1:100@A1

Section

Garden seasonal change

Sensory garden

CPTED Perspective

Boardwalk Wetland

Perspective

Metro Station

Water feature

Noise barrier

CPTED Perspective

Street light

Ground lighting

Masterplan Legend

3 15 13 1

5

4 9

6 9

2 10 11

7 12

14 8

1:2000@A3

1

Phytoremediation/Noise barrier

2

Phytoremediation/Cafe zone

3

Bioretention

4

Wetland

5

Promenda

6

Waterfront sitting zone

7

Events yard

8

Timber platform

9

Water feature

10

Still water-scape with timber platform

11

Sensory garden

12

Linear raingarden

13

Boardwalk

14

Noise barrier

15

Frog habitat

Action plan Stage 3 Legend

+1

1

2 3 + 1.5

4 +1

5 +1

1:2000@A3

1

Bioretention

2

Pond/frog habitat

3

Periodically drying out water body/frog habitat

4

Boardwalk with fence

5

Wetland

Breeding

Ponds with different depths Bothriochloa macra

Typha latifolia

Lomandra longifolia

Eragrostis elongata Ponds

Periodically drying out water body

Foraging Ground level lighting

Coexistence Rock piles, provide shelter

Boardwalk with fence

Model

Dry season

Monsoon season

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Rosa banksiae ‘Lutea’

Liriope muscari ‘Just Right’

Goodenia ovata ‘Goodonya’

Billardiera scandens

Actinotus helianthi

Actinotus helianthi

Eleocharis sphacelata

Carex appressa

Ficinia nodosa

Bolboschoenus fluviatilis

Juncus usitatus

Vegetation

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Acer platanoides ‘Pond’

Eucalyptus pauciflora ‘Frosty’

Lomandra longifolia

Typha latifolia

Eragrostis elongata

Bothriochloa macra

Acacia floribunda

Acacia falcata

Acacia longifolia

Vegetation